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  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (20.232)
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  • 101
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264409217
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (20 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: EU Country Cancer Profiles
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Profil de țară privind cancerul: România 2023
    Schlagwort(e): Krebskrankheit ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheit ; Rumänien ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Romania ; Statistik ; Amtliche Publikation
    Kurzfassung: This profile identifies strengths, challenges and specific areas of action on cancer prevention and care in Romania as part of the European Cancer Inequalities Registry, a flagship initiative of Europe’s Beating Cancer Plan. It provides a short synthesis of: the national cancer burden; risk factors for cancer (focusing on behavioural and environmental risk factors); early detection programmes; and cancer care performance (focusing on accessibility, care quality, costs and the impact of COVID-19 on cancer care).
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 102
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264947542 , 9789264615601 , 9789264852402
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Sterblichkeit ; Altersvorsorge ; Rentenpolitik ; Rentenfinanzierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment
    Kurzfassung: This report analyses the development of mortality assumptions to build mortality tables to better protect retirement income provision. Mortality assumptions are necessary to ensure the sustainability of lifetime incomes. It explores considerations and traditional approaches for developing mortality tables, as well as provides an international overview of longevity trends and drivers over the last several decades, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The report also details the standard mortality tables developed across OECD member countries and offers guidelines to assist regulators and supervisors in assessing whether the mortality assumptions and tables used in the context of retirement income provision are appropriate.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 103
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264411173
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (20 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe EU Country Cancer Profile: Spain 2023
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Spain
    Kurzfassung: Los perfiles nacionales de cáncer determinan los puntos fuertes, los desafíos y los ámbitos de actuación específicos de cada uno de los veintisiete Estados miembros de la UE, Islandia y Noruega, al objeto de orientar la inversión y las intervenciones a escala de la UE, nacional y regional en el marco del Plan Europeo de Lucha contra el Cáncer. Cada perfil oncológico nacional ofrece una breve síntesis de: la carga nacional del cáncer; factores de riesgo de cáncer (centrándose en los factores de riesgo conductuales y ambientales); programas de detección precoz; resultados de la atención oncológica (centrándose en la accesibilidad, la calidad de la atención, los costes y el impacto de COVID-19 en la atención oncológica).
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 104
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264316010
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (20 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: EU Country Cancer Profiles
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Onkologický profil krajiny: Slovenská Republika 2023
    Schlagwort(e): Krebskrankheit ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheit ; Slowakei ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Slovak Republic ; Statistik ; Amtliche Publikation
    Kurzfassung: This profile identifies strengths, challenges and specific areas of action on cancer prevention and care in the Slovak Republic as part of the European Cancer Inequalities Registry, a flagship initiative of Europe’s Beating Cancer Plan. It provides a short synthesis of: the national cancer burden; risk factors for cancer (focusing on behavioural and environmental risk factors); early detection programmes; and cancer care performance (focusing on accessibility, care quality, costs and the impact of COVID-19 on cancer care).
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 105
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264843240
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (20 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: EU Country Cancer Profiles
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Länderprofile Krebs: Deutschland 2023
    Schlagwort(e): Krebskrankheit ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheit ; Deutschland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany ; Statistik ; Amtliche Publikation
    Kurzfassung: This profile identifies strengths, challenges and specific areas of action on cancer prevention and care in Germany as part of the European Cancer Inequalities Registry, a flagship initiative of Europe’s Beating Cancer Plan. It provides a short synthesis of: the national cancer burden; risk factors for cancer (focusing on behavioural and environmental risk factors); early detection programmes; and cancer care performance (focusing on accessibility, care quality, costs and the impact of COVID-19 on cancer care).
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 106
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264741928 , 9789264794856 , 9789264382428
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (217 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Examens de l'OCDE sur la gouvernance publique
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Tunisia
    Kurzfassung: Le Scan de l’espace civique en Tunisie propose une analyse en profondeur des cadres légaux, de politiques publiques, et institutionnels ainsi que des pratiques sous-tendant l’espace civique et nécessaires aux acteurs non-gouvernementaux pour accéder à l’information, s’exprimer, s’associer, s’organiser et participer à la vie publique. Le Scan évalue les quatre dimensions clés de l’espace civique : les droits et libertés publics ; les droits et libertés numériques et des médias ; l’environnement opérationnel des organisations de la société civile ; et la participation civique à l’élaboration des politiques publiques et à la prise de décisions. Il adopte une perspective de long terme pour dresser un bilan des progrès réalisés au cours des dix dernières années, identifier les défis restants, et proposer des recommandations opérationnelles pour renforcer l’espace civique comme précondition aux réformes du gouvernement ouvert en Tunisie.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 107
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264462298
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (20 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: EU Country Cancer Profiles
    Schlagwort(e): Krebskrankheit ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheit ; Malta ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Malta ; Statistik ; Amtliche Publikation
    Kurzfassung: This profile identifies strengths, challenges and specific areas of action on cancer prevention and care in Malta as part of the European Cancer Inequalities Registry, a flagship initiative of Europe’s Beating Cancer Plan. It provides a short synthesis of: the national cancer burden; risk factors for cancer (focusing on behavioural and environmental risk factors); early detection programmes; and cancer care performance (focusing on accessibility, care quality, costs and the impact of COVID-19 on cancer care).
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 108
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264912588
    Sprache: Niederländisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe EU Country Cancer Profile: Netherlands 2023
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Netherlands
    Kurzfassung: In de Landenprofielen Kanker worden voor elk van de 27 EU-lidstaten, IJsland en Noorwegen de sterke punten, uitdagingen en specifieke actiegebieden vastgesteld, om de investeringen en maatregelen op EU, nationaal en regionaal niveau in het kader van het Europees kankerbestrijdingsplan te sturen. Elk nationaal kankerprofiel geeft een korte samenvatting van: de nationale kankerlast; risicofactoren voor kanker (met de nadruk op gedrags- en omgevingsrisicofactoren); programma’s voor vroegtijdige opsporing; prestaties van de kankerzorg (met de nadruk op toegankelijkheid, kwaliteit van de zorg, kosten en het effect van COVID-19 op de kankerzorg).
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 109
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264503687
    Sprache: Dänisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (20 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe EU Country Cancer Profile: Denmark 2023
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Denmark
    Kurzfassung: Kræftlandeprofilerne identificerer styrker, udfordringer og specifikke indsatsområder for hver af de 27 EU-medlemsstater, Island og Norge, som skal være retningsgivende for investeringer og indgreb på EU-plan samt på nationalt og regionalt plan inden for rammerne af den europæiske kræfthandlingsplan. Hver landekræftprofil indeholder en kort sammenfatning af: den nationale kræftbyrde ; risikofaktorer for kræft (med fokus på adfærdsmæssige og miljømæssige risikofaktorer) ; programmer for tidlig opsporing; kræftbehandlingens resultater (med fokus på tilgængelighed, behandlingskvalitet, omkostninger og COVID-19’s indvirkning på kræftbehandling.)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 110
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264536678 , 9789264522336 , 9789264783232
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (48 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Governance
    Kurzfassung: Government information websites are an important tool for governments seeking to improve communications, ease administrative burdens and provide greater access to public services for citizens and businesses. Effective information websites, centred on users’ needs, can ensure a trustworthy information exchange between citizens and the public administration. This report looks at how developing a fit-for-purpose search function, using predictive text, machine learning techniques, and other functionalities, can contribute to effective information websites. It presents recommendations as well as guidelines for ensuring high-quality standards across government information websites, including upgrading them into transactional portals, where citizens may easily access public services and communicate with government agencies about their needs.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 111
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264499614
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (21 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: EU Country Cancer Profiles
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Προφίλ χωρών για τον καρκίνο: Κύπροσ 2023
    Schlagwort(e): Krebskrankheit ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheit ; Zypern ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Cyprus ; Statistik ; Amtliche Publikation
    Kurzfassung: This profile identifies strengths, challenges and specific areas of action on cancer prevention and care in Cyprus as part of the European Cancer Inequalities Registry, a flagship initiative of Europe’s Beating Cancer Plan. It provides a short synthesis of: the national cancer burden; risk factors for cancer (focusing on behavioural and environmental risk factors); early detection programmes; and cancer care performance (focusing on accessibility, care quality, costs and the impact of COVID-19 on cancer care).
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 112
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264377325
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (20 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: EU Country Cancer Profiles
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Länderprofile Krebs: Österreich 2023
    Schlagwort(e): Krebskrankheit ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheit ; Österreich ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Austria ; Statistik ; Amtliche Publikation
    Kurzfassung: This profile identifies strengths, challenges and specific areas of action on cancer prevention and care in Austria as part of the European Cancer Inequalities Registry, a flagship initiative of Europe’s Beating Cancer Plan. It provides a short synthesis of: the national cancer burden; risk factors for cancer (focusing on behavioural and environmental risk factors); early detection programmes; and cancer care performance (focusing on accessibility, care quality, costs and the impact of COVID-19 on cancer care).
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 113
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264775176
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (20 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: EU Country Cancer Profiles
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Riigi vähiprofiil: Eesti 2023
    Schlagwort(e): Krebskrankheit ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheit ; Estland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Estonia ; Statistik ; Amtliche Publikation
    Kurzfassung: This profile identifies strengths, challenges and specific areas of action on cancer prevention and care in Estonia as part of the European Cancer Inequalities Registry, a flagship initiative of Europe’s Beating Cancer Plan. It provides a short synthesis of: the national cancer burden; risk factors for cancer (focusing on behavioural and environmental risk factors); early detection programmes; and cancer care performance (focusing on accessibility, care quality, costs and the impact of COVID-19 on cancer care).
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 114
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    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264661677
    Sprache: Slowenisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (20 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe EU Country Cancer Profile: Slovenia 2023
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Slovenia
    Kurzfassung: V profilih držav o stanju na področju raka so opredeljene prednosti, izzivi in posamezna področja ukrepanja za vsako od 27 držav članic EU ter Islandijo in Norveško, da bi se tako usmerjalo naložbe in ukrepe na ravni EU ter na nacionalni in regionalni ravni v okviru Evropskega načrta za boj proti raku. Vsak profil raka v državi vsebuje kratko sintezo: nacionalno breme raka; dejavnike tveganja za nastanek raka (s poudarkom na vedenjskih in okoljskih dejavnikih tveganja); programe zgodnjega odkrivanja raka; uspešnost oskrbe raka (s poudarkom na dostopnosti, kakovosti oskrbe, stroških in vplivu Covida-19 na oskrbo raka).
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 115
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264460607
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: EU Country Cancer Profiles
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Landsskýrsla um stöðu krabbameinsmála: Ísland 2023
    Schlagwort(e): Krebskrankheit ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheit ; Island ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Iceland ; Statistik ; Amtliche Publikation
    Kurzfassung: This profile identifies strengths, challenges and specific areas of action on cancer prevention and care in Iceland as part of the European Cancer Inequalities Registry, a flagship initiative of Europe’s Beating Cancer Plan. It provides a short synthesis of: the national cancer burden; risk factors for cancer (focusing on behavioural and environmental risk factors); early detection programmes; and cancer care performance (focusing on accessibility, care quality, costs and the impact of COVID-19 on cancer care).
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  • 116
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (85 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Environment Working Papers no.211
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Transport
    Kurzfassung: This report takes stock of scientific findings to date regarding the distributional effects of policies discouraging car use in urban areas. These policies include cordon tolls, distance-based charges, fuel taxes, parking measures and public transport subsidies. The report describes the mechanisms responsible for the distributional effects of these policies and offers insights regarding how such policies can be designed to minimise adverse equity outcomes. It also provides recommendations regarding the design and procedural modifications that standard instruments require in order to be more acceptable to the public and to governments. Finally, it identifies a number of issues that warrant further research in the pursuit of greater equity in the outcomes of urban road transport policies.
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  • 117
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers no.140
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Trade ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: Accurate measurement of shipbuilding capacity is critical to inform market stakeholders of excess capacity issues. This report presents several approaches to improve the estimates of shipbuilding capacity. It shows how the use of average production would allow for smoothening the proxy of capacity in the yard-by-yard production approach. It discusses how firm level indicators, such as productivity, can also be considered. An analysis of productivity developments for a sample of shipbuilding firms shows that their productivity evolves in function of the market situation which, therefore, should be taken into account in the proxies of capacity based on yard production. Finally, the report studies how mergers and acquisitions of shipbuilding firms may impact capacity.
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  • 118
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers no.190
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Trade
    Kurzfassung: Electronic exchange of sanitary and phytosanitary certificates can facilitate trade in animal and plant products. The electronic exchange of certificates can benefit both exporting and importing countries through enhanced efficiency gains, improved transparency, and traceability, as well as improved risk management along the food chain. However, the policy levers associated with e-sanitary certification systems are complex and include trade policies, as well as regulatory policies, investment policies, and public health and animal health policies. Countries face substantial challenges in the adoption of electronic sanitary certification systems including the costs associated with building the infrastructure, providing training, and updating existing regulatory systems. This paper reviews the uptake of e-sanitary certification systems and discusses the potential benefits and costs of adoption of these systems. Effective co-operation and collaboration between the public and private sectors are critical to the adoption and maintenance of sustainable e-sanitary certification systems.
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  • 119
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (45 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Trade Policy Papers no.268
    Schlagwort(e): Energy ; Trade
    Kurzfassung: Government support for industrial firms can come in many different forms and through a range of channels, varying in complexity. A particularly challenging form of support is energy inputs offered to industrial producers at below-market prices. To improve understanding about the scope and scale of such support, this report examines an illustrative sample of 33 companies and their subsidiaries operating in energy-intensive industries, namely aluminium smelting, steelmaking, chemicals (including fertilisers), and cement. Most of the energy subsidies identified appear to concern the provision of natural gas and electricity at below-market rates, resulting in an average subsidy of USD 0.4-1.3 per million British thermal units and USD 0.02-0.03 per kWh, respectively, over the period 2010-20. In some cases, estimates indicate that subsidies are a multiple of firms’ energy costs, suggesting a sizable impact on firms’ profits and operating margins. The results have important policy implications for efforts to better discipline industrial subsidies in the WTO and elsewhere, notably in relation to how to ensure policy transparency in a context where large energy providers tend to be majority owned by governments.
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  • 120
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (29 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Working Papers on Fiscal Federalism no.42
    Schlagwort(e): Finanzpolitik ; Geldpolitik ; Öffentliche Finanzen ; Gemeindefinanzen ; Länderfinanzen ; Kriegsfolgen ; Energiepreis ; Inflation ; OECD-Staaten ; Energy ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Taxation ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: Less than two years after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, Russia’s illegal, unprovoked and unjustifiable war of aggression against Ukraine has triggered the biggest military confrontation in Europe since World War II. Many OECD countries have reacted to Russia’s aggression by providing military and humanitarian aid to Ukraine and by imposing economic sanctions on Russia, which has accentuated supply chain disruptions, especially in the energy sector. A combination of these supply shocks with a demand shock caused by expansionary fiscal and monetary policies to tackle the pandemic has created inflationary pressures on a scale not seen in decades. Central banks around the world are acting to fulfil their price stability mandates by increasing interest rates and by engaging in quantitative tightening (primarily the selling of government bonds to reduce central bank balance sheets), all of which put pressure on borrowing costs at a time when governments are engaging in expansionary fiscal policy to alleviate the impact of inflation. The objective of this policy note is to examine the main consequences of this challenging environment for the fiscal stance of different levels of governments. These include the weakening outlook for government revenues in times of high expenditure pressures from a more rapid energy transition as well as high borrowing costs.
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  • 121
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264878785 , 9789264918658 , 9789264946125
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (43 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Portugal 2023
    Schlagwort(e): Energy ; Environment ; Governance ; Development ; Portugal
    Kurzfassung: Le Portugal a réussi à découpler plusieurs pressions environnementales de la croissance économique entre 2013 et 2019. Il a joué un rôle de premier plan dans l'approbation de la loi européenne sur le climat et a adopté la Loi-cadre portugaise sur le climat en 2021. Celle-ci doit être rapidement mise en œuvre pour atteindre la neutralité carbone d'ici 2050, améliorer la résilience aux effets du changement climatique et protéger les écosystèmes. Le Portugal a intensifié ses efforts d'adaptation, mais doit en faire davantage pour faire face aux multiples menaces, notamment l'érosion côtière, les inondations, les sécheresses et les feux de forêt. Le pays est à la traîne en matière de gestion des déchets. Par ailleurs, l'augmentation des prélèvements d'eau douce dans les régions du sud, où l'eau est rare, est préoccupante. Il s'agit du quatrième examen des performances environnementales du Portugal. Il fournit une évaluation, fondée sur des faits, des progrès du pays vers ses objectifs environnementaux au cours de la dernière décennie. Les 26 recommandations visent à aider le Portugal à améliorer ses performances environnementales, en accordant une attention particulière à la neutralité carbone. La présente version abrégée contient le résumé, de même que l’évaluation et les recommandations officielles du rapport. Le rapport complet est disponible en anglais sur le site web de l’OCDE.
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  • 122
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264515642
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (20 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: EU Country Cancer Profiles
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Профили на държавите по отношение на рака: България 2023
    Schlagwort(e): Krebskrankheit ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheit ; Bulgarien ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Bulgaria ; Statistik ; Amtliche Publikation
    Kurzfassung: This profile identifies strengths, challenges and specific areas of action on cancer prevention and care in Bulgaria as part of the European Cancer Inequalities Registry, a flagship initiative of Europe’s Beating Cancer Plan. It provides a short synthesis of: the national cancer burden; risk factors for cancer (focusing on behavioural and environmental risk factors); early detection programmes; and cancer care performance (focusing on accessibility, care quality, costs and the impact of COVID-19 on cancer care).
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 123
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264642478
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (20 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: EU Country Cancer Profiles
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Landenprofiel voor Kanker: Nederland 2023
    Schlagwort(e): Krebskrankheit ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheit ; Niederlande ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Netherlands ; Statistik ; Amtliche Publikation
    Kurzfassung: This profile identifies strengths, challenges and specific areas of action on cancer prevention and care in the Netherlands as part of the European Cancer Inequalities Registry, a flagship initiative of Europe’s Beating Cancer Plan. It provides a short synthesis of: the national cancer burden; risk factors for cancer (focusing on behavioural and environmental risk factors); early detection programmes; and cancer care performance (focusing on accessibility, care quality, costs and the impact of COVID-19 on cancer care).
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  • 124
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264322066
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (20 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: EU Country Cancer Profiles
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Landsprofiler om cancer: Sverige 2023
    Schlagwort(e): Krebskrankheit ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheit ; Schweden ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sweden ; Statistik ; Amtliche Publikation
    Kurzfassung: This profile identifies strengths, challenges and specific areas of action on cancer prevention and care in Sweden as part of the European Cancer Inequalities Registry, a flagship initiative of Europe’s Beating Cancer Plan. It provides a short synthesis of: the national cancer burden; risk factors for cancer (focusing on behavioural and environmental risk factors); early detection programmes; and cancer care performance (focusing on accessibility, care quality, costs and the impact of COVID-19 on cancer care).
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  • 125
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264374355
    Sprache: Mehrsprachig
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (82 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Serie: International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food
    Kurzfassung: This brochure is published within the framework of the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables established by OECD in 1962. It comprises explanatory notes and illustrations to facilitate the uniform interpretation of the current standard for Passion Fruit. It demonstrates the quality parameters on high quality photographs. Thus it is a valuable tool for the inspection authorities, professional bodies and traders interested in international trade in this produce.
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  • 126
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (55 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: SIGMA Papers no.67
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Armenia ; Azerbaijan ; Georgia ; Moldova, Republic of ; Ukraine
    Kurzfassung: The institutions that make up the centre of government (CoG) play a crucial role in the policymaking process and help to ensure that government decisions are timely, evidence-informed, strategic and consistent. Despite this prominent role, the CoG often has the reputation of being somewhat opaque in terms of its structure and ways of working. This report presents an overview of the role and functions of the CoG of five European Neighbourhood Policy East countries – Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, the Republic of Moldova and Ukraine – from a comparative perspective, both with respect to each other and in comparison with CoGs in OECD and EU countries. The report explores the CoG’s role in policy co-ordination, how it supports quality decision making, its contribution to strategic planning and its role in managing European integration issues. The report highlights strengths and challenges in the ways that the CoG institutions operate in the five countries and suggests areas for which policy dialogue and exchange of experience with OECD and EU Members could help to enhance outcomes.
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  • 127
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (47 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1754
    Schlagwort(e): Klimaneutralität ; Klimapolitik ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Tschechien ; Economics ; Czech Republic
    Kurzfassung: The Czech economy is very carbon-intensive and has among the highest greenhouse gas emissions per unit of GDP in the OECD. Getting on the path towards net zero will require rapid emission reductions over the coming decades. Coal still makes up close to one third of the energy supply and the government has pledged to phase it out by 2033, which will require a swift expansion in the use of renewable energy sources as well as increased energy efficiency. This can be achieved by adopting a comprehensive policy package that includes widely applied carbon pricing, incentives to raise energy efficiency, spending on renewable energy and cutting red tape hindering green investments. Compensating policies and adjustment support will be essential to mitigate the socio-economic impacts of climate policies and to increase public support. Active labour market policies including higher spending on re-training for the unemployed is key to facilitate the green transition.
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  • 128
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264658714 , 9789264806764 , 9789264682603
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (128 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Inklusives Wachstum ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Japan ; Environment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Japan
    Kurzfassung: The report Measuring Progress towards Inclusive and Sustainable Growth in Japan is the outcome of a collaboration with the Japanese Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry which aims to monitor progress in key areas crucial to realising the Japanese government’s vision for a “New Form of Capitalism”. Building on the OECD Framework for Policy Action on Inclusive Growth, the report includes a set of key indicators to support measures for the government to deliver on its vision as well as inform on best practices in other major advanced economies. A central message is that creating the equality of opportunity in Japan requires a balanced approach of taking both efficiency and equity concerns into account. The report presents the main dynamics for policy consideration to strengthen sustainability of the Japanese growth model, with due attention paid to specific issues that matter for different groups of Japanese population. Underpinned by rigorous statistical analysis at a sufficiently disaggregated level, the report helps to better understand some of the main drivers of well-being and economic success in Japan.
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  • 129
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264456334
    Sprache: Rumänisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (89 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Promoting Digital Business Skills in the Republic of Moldova
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Moldova, Republic of
    Kurzfassung: Republica Moldova (în continuare Moldova) a transformat digitalizarea intr o politică prioritară. Această țară pregătește, în prezent, Strategia de transformare digitală 2023 2030, care va scoate în evidență alfabetizarea digitală, precum și competențele digitale de business, în vederea îmbunătățirii competitivității din sectorul privat. Digitalizarea a adus deja beneficii semnificative Moldovei, unde TIC a fost unul dintre cele mai dinamice sectoare din ultimii ani; însă companiile moldovenești din sectoarele non IT rămân la începutul procesului de digitalizare. Deficitul de competențe reprezintă o barieră majoră în această privință, afectând în special IMM urile care întâmpinămai multe dificultăți în atragerea și păstrarea angajaților competenți, precum și în instruirea și reîmprospătarea cunoștințelor în cadrul forței sale de muncă.Pornind de la activitățile anterioare ale OCDE privind politicile de digitalizare, OCDE a oferit îndrumare Moldovei, în decursul anului 2022, privind modul în care să construiască un ecosistem benefic și să stabilească politicile adecvate pentru a realiza noi progrese în ceea ce privește dezvoltarea și dobândirea competențelor digitale de business în rândul IMM urilor. Acest raport reprezintă un sumar al acelor probleme, luând în considerare 1) cadrul politic și instituțional; 2) instrumentele de evaluare și anticipare a competențelor; și 3) suportul specific IMM urilor, pentru dezvoltarea competențelor digitale.
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  • 130
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264655034 , 9789264749979 , 9789264346918
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (370 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Chronische Krankheit ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Gesundheitswesen ; OECD-Staaten ; EU-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: People today are living longer with complex health needs but often receive fragmented care. This has prompted countries to support patient-centred, integrated care models. As part of OECD’s work on best practices in public health, this report outlines policy recommendations to prevent and manage chronic diseases by integrating care. Policy recommendations were drawn from a review of key integrated care models implemented in OECD and EU27 countries.
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  • 131
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264576896 , 9789264666740 , 9789264981454
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (189 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Higher Education
    Schlagwort(e): Digitalisierung ; Hochschule ; Kroatien ; Education ; Croatia
    Kurzfassung: The Croatian government views digitalisation as a way to improve access to higher education and increase its attractiveness. To this end, it is investing in modernising digital infrastructure and building capacity to effectively integrate digital technologies into the higher education sector. This report provides an account of the activities and findings of a project on assessing and improving digital maturity in Croatian higher education institutions, which was carried out by the OECD and funded by the European Union. The objective of the project was to provide support and advice to Croatian authorities as they develop their policy approach to higher education digitalisation. This report details the activities and outcomes of the project. It reviews international best practices related to enhancing the quality of digital higher education. It also provides technical guidance to public authorities on prioritising investments in various forms of digital infrastructure. Finally, it offers guidance to Croatian higher education institutions to support their strategic development process and their investment strategies with regard to digitalisation.
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  • 132
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264445055 , 9789264659889 , 9789264938793
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (95 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Urban Studies
    Schlagwort(e): Kreislaufwirtschaft ; Nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung ; Umweltpolitik ; Tallinn ; Estland ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Estonia
    Kurzfassung: As a European Green Capital 2023, Tallinn has a unique momentum to set the foundations for its transition from a linear to a circular economy. The newly created Circular Economy Department in the city administration is a signal of this transformation. The city conceives the circular economy as a means to advance environmental goals while generating opportunities for job creation and stimulating innovation through a systems approach. This report summarises the findings from a 20-month policy dialogue between the OECD, the city of Tallinn and stakeholders from public, private and non-profit sectors. It provides the main components of existing circular economy initiatives promoted in Estonia and in the city of Tallinn, key challenges and policy recommendations to help the city develop its long-term vision on the circular economy, setting targets for the future.
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  • 133
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (27 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Regional Development Papers no.43
    Schlagwort(e): Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Italy
    Kurzfassung: Public procurement accounts for around 12% of global GDP and 63% of expenditures are managed by subnational governments across OECD countries. In Italy, municipalities can impose penalties on contractors for breaches of contract, for example delays in delivery, often leading to contractors suing the municipality in local courts, which can in turn further delay delivery. As such the efficiency of the local judiciary can have a strong bearing on the final delivery of public works. This study assesses the causal effect of those efficiencies on the ultimate delay in the execution of local public contracts. The results show that inefficient courts lead to further delays in the execution of public works that are already long overdue. However, inefficient courts also appear to deter companies to pursue litigation in cases where delays were much lower. Overall, the impact on long-overdue contracts prevails and the aggregate effect is negative: the total delay in the execution of local public contracts in the 25% least efficient courts is more than twice as large as in the 25% most efficient courts.
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  • 134
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (58 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers no.147
    Schlagwort(e): Stahlindustrie ; Subvention ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Trade ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: This report analyses subsidies provided to steel producers by examining firm-level data from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and conducting desk research. It reveals that subsidy trends persist even in the face of existing overcapacity. Between 2008 and 2020, steel companies in partner economies obtained an average of 10.7 times more subsidies per crude steel production capacity unit than their counterparts in OECD countries. These subsidies took the form of cash grants, cash awards, and cost reimbursements. The report also finds that the national context significantly influences a jurisdiction's inclination to support its steel sector and the transparency of such subsidies. Some jurisdictions have prioritised the growth of their domestic steel industry by establishing firm goals for crude steel production, export, or concentration. Meanwhile, others have engaged in international collaboration to address global challenges related to the decarbonisation of the steel industry.
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  • 135
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (27 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Regional Development Papers no.45
    Schlagwort(e): Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Estonia ; France ; Greece ; Mexico ; Sweden ; United States
    Kurzfassung: This work leverages globally consistent data on parks from Google Maps, in combination with the computational power of Google Maps Directions API to quantify accessibility to parks across nearly 500 metropolitan areas in six countries: Estonia, France, Greece, Mexico, Sweden, and the United States. We combined high resolution population data from Worldpop with parks data and navigation estimates to measure: (1) Fraction of the population with access to parks within a 10-minute walk; and (2) the median walking time to the closest park. We find large differences in access to parks between countries, as well as large variability across cities and their respective commuting zones. To demonstrate how this framework can support cross country comparisons and efforts to track progress towards SDG11, we assessed access to parks by income group in selected countries, finding that the median walking time to a park is shorter for residents of low income neighbourhoods both in French and American metropolitan areas.
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  • 136
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (63 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Proposal for an action plan to reduce early school leaving in Spain
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Spain
    Kurzfassung: El abandono escolar temprano (AET) puede dar lugar a crecientes desafíos individuales y ocasionar elevados costes económicos para los sistemas educativos y las sociedades en general. España ha logrado avances significativos en la reducción del AET en los últimos años; en 2022, la tasa de AET era de 13,9%, casi la mitad de lo observado hace una década. Sin embargo, la tasa media de España sigue siendo de las más elevadas de los países miembros de la OCDE y de la Unión Europea, con notables disparidades regionales. Basándose en la evidencia de la investigación y en las buenas prácticas nacionales e internacionales, y gracias a la contribución de los actores clave del sistema educativo, este informe identifica las fortalezas y los principales desafíos para abordar el AET en España. Determina así cinco áreas de acción y propone una serie de recomendaciones con un enfoque coordinado para reducir el AET en todas las comunidades autónomas y en las ciudades autónomas de Ceuta y Melilla.
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  • 137
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2022, no. 1 | volume:2022 | year:2022 | number:1
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (18 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2022, no. 1
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2022
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2022
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Schlagwort(e): Energy ; Nuclear Energy
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  • 138
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (35 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers no.197
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Kurzfassung: Agricultural and rural policies can benefit from potential synergies when designed correctly. Broadly speaking, agricultural policies target farms and food production, while rural policies focus on ensuring the development of a territory and the well-being of the rural population. Despite these differences, both policies are often applied within the same territory and share a growing interest in improving environmental sustainability and adapting to climate change, as well as improving inclusiveness, food security and nutrition, and increasing productivity and innovation. This paper calls for a constructive dialogue on policies and processes to enhance the synergies and coherence in policy advice, and helping to resolve possible trade-offs between agricultural and rural policies. There are many opportunities to build on potential synergies, including on the role of agriculture in structural change in rural areas, on diversifying farm and rural economies, and on ensuring environmental sustainability.
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  • 139
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2022, no. 1 | volume:2022 | year:2022 | number:1
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (22 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2022, no. 1
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2022
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2022
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Schlagwort(e): Energy ; Nuclear Energy
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  • 140
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (27 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Policy Perspectives no.70
    Schlagwort(e): Hochschule ; Technologie ; Irland ; Education
    Kurzfassung: This brief discusses an appropriate model for representing the technological higher education sector in Ireland, based on stakeholder discussions and international practices from other OECD higher education systems. It assesses the challenges of the Technological Higher Education Association and outlines functions of a representative body. This analysis identifies five options for organising higher education representation in Ireland, recommending a separate sectoral representative organisation in the short-to-medium term to support the transformation of technological universities. In the long term, it foresees a single representative body for the entire Irish higher education system.
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  • 141
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264510807 , 9789264805835 , 9789264701915
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (50 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Development Pathways
    Schlagwort(e): Wirtschaftliche Anpassung ; Entwicklung ; Azoren ; Environment ; Development ; Trade ; Portugal
    Kurzfassung: Located in the mid-Atlantic, the archipelagos of the Azores is an autonomous region of Portugal and an European Union Outermost Region. Once central to global trade routes, the Azores are aspiring to regain a prominent international role by leveraging their unique geographical, natural and historical attributes. To that end, this Production Transformation Policy Review (PTPR) Spotlight identifies priority actions in several areas, including scientific research and collaborations, the ocean economy, agro-food and renewable-energy value chains. It shows the importance for EU Outermost Regions, as well as for Small Island Developing States (SIDS), of building resilient international ties. It benefited from an extensive peer review process involving public and private stakeholders from Brazil, Iceland and the United States.
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  • 142
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264725881 , 9789264477131 , 9789264819603
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (53 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Schlagwort(e): Alternde Bevölkerung ; Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Seniorenpolitik ; Litauen ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Lithuania
    Kurzfassung: Lithuania is one of the fastest-ageing countries in Europe. Its working-age population is not only ageing, but also expected to decline significantly, giving rise to considerable economic, labour market, social and public governance challenges. The inclusion of older persons has improved in many areas in the past two decades. Yet, many Lithuanians aged 55 and over continue to lag in fully engaging in society relative to younger people and their peers in neighbouring countries. This report takes a holistic approach to analyse Active Ageing policies in Lithuania in three dimensions: labour market inclusion, social policies, and participation in public and political life. It provides tailored policy recommendations to improve the well-being of older people in Lithuania in terms of better employment and lifelong learning outcomes, stronger integration in society, and participation in democratic institutions and processes.
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  • 143
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264445222
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (213 p.)
    Serie: IEA Energy Policy Reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Australien ; Energiepolitik ; Energy ; Australia
    Kurzfassung: Since the IEA’s last review in 2018, Australia has significantly raised its climate ambitions, with the 2022 Climate Change Act doubling the target for emissions reductions by 2030 and setting the goal of reaching net zero emissions by 2050. To match these increased ambitions, Australia is seeking to update its existing strategies, starting with the preparation of a new emissions reduction plan for 2050. Emission reductions and energy efficiency improvement rates need to double by 2030, and further steps will be required to achieve the government’s clean electricity target. Such efforts would support both climate and energy security goals. To support its clean energy transition, Australia needs to strengthen its resilience to supply disruptions across all fuels, whether from climate change impacts or global energy price shocks. Flexibility, fuel availability and resilient infrastructure will become even more vital as Australia’s energy system incorporates very high shares of variable renewables and is likely to face more frequent and more extreme weather events. Gas market reforms can help ensure energy security during the transition. In this report, the IEA provides energy policy recommendations to help Australia effectively manage the transformation of its energy sector in line with its goals.
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  • 144
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264901728 , 9789264337640 , 9789264823945
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (108 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Études de l'OCDE sur les compétences
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe The Geography of Higher Education in Québec, Canada
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Canada
    Kurzfassung: Le Québec aspire à devenir le leader de l'innovation et de l'entrepreneuriat en Amérique du Nord et, pour cela, s'appuie sur les établissements d'enseignement supérieur (EES) qui ont un rôle central dans cette démarche. Les EES permettent le développement des compétences et l'épanouissement des talents, tout en créant de nouveaux liens avec leurs communautés - notamment avec le secteur privé, les pouvoirs publics et la société civile. La Stratégie québécoise de recherche et d’investissement en innovation (SQRI) place les EES au cœur des efforts provinciaux réalisés en matière d'innovation et d'entrepreneuriat, grâce notamment à une approche spatiale explicite à travers les "zones d'innovation". La présente étude évalue la "géographie de l'enseignement supérieur" au Québec à travers dix études de cas d'EES innovants et engagés dans le soutien à l'entrepreneuriat et à l'innovation dans leurs communautés. L’analyse montre aussi dans quelle mesure les EES québécois soutiennent l’entrepreneuriat, l'innovation, la mise en relation entre acteurs, ainsi que la mobilisation de ressources et d'acteurs politiques. Des recommandations politiques implémentables sont proposées afin de continuer à développer cette dynamique.
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  • 145
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264709447 , 9789264705579 , 9789264320383
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (95 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitswesen ; Estland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Estonia
    Kurzfassung: The Health System Performance Assessment (HSPA) framework for Estonia acts as a tool for stakeholders and policy makers to guide health reforms in an evidence-based and targeted manner. This report outlines the Estonian HSPA framework and documents its development through a highly inclusive and consultative process. It also reports on indicators that were selected to populate the first Estonian HSPA report, their selection criteria and core methodologies, and describes the HSPA governance structure, implementation plan, and HSPA capacity building. The report provides a guideline to embed the HSPA in Estonian governance processes in a sustainable manner. Implementing the HSPA will improve systematised public reporting on the health system performance in Estonia, thus increasing transparency and accountability of stakeholders and public awareness and involvement in the health system policy making.
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  • 146
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264801349 , 9789264927278 , 9789264982642
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (167 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Globalisierung ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Informelle Wirtschaft ; Arbeitsbedingungen ; Atypische Beschäftigung ; Sozialvertrag ; Globaler Süden ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Kurzfassung: Globalisation and rapid technological change have radically transformed labour markets, affecting the lives and prospects of billions of workers. Those in the informal economy, the vast bulk of the workforce in the Global South, have been bearing the brunt. This report is for policy makers seeking to address the factors that make those workers in informality vulnerable. It provides them with a distinctive cross-country comparison of recent informality trends, and how they were affected by the recent crises such as the COVID-19 epidemic, casting light on the impacts of sub-contracting models in global value chains, and digital labour platforms. It argues that an inclusive recovery and greater resilience to future crises necessitate that many countries renew their social contracts, to make them more inclusive of informal workers and their families.
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  • 147
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264525313 , 9789264592292 , 9789264995352
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (82 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Kriegsfolgen ; Ukraine ; Armenien ; Aserbaidschan ; Georgien ; Moldawien ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Trade ; Armenia ; Azerbaijan ; Georgia ; Moldova, Republic of ; Ukraine
    Kurzfassung: Russia’s war against Ukraine is causing a humanitarian, social and economic crisis for the Ukrainian people. The consequences of this full-scale military invasion are disrupting the global supply of commodities, sharply increasing food and energy prices, and threating the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. Countries with established commercial and financial ties with the economies of Russia and Ukraine appear to be particularly vulnerable. Assessing the Impact of Russia’s War against Ukraine on Eastern Partner Countries investigates the exposure of Eastern Partner countries (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Republic of Moldova and Ukraine) to the economic shocks caused by the war, and in particular through the impact that the conflict is having on inflation, migration, remittances, investment and trade. This report is published as part of the multi-country project “EU4Business: From Policies to Action – phase 2”, implemented in the Eastern Partnership with the financial support of the European Union within the EU4Business initiative.
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  • 148
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264622173 , 9789264626126 , 9789264859616
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (111 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Arbeitslosigkeit ; Öffentliche Sozialleistungen ; Arbeitslosenversicherung ; USA ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Protecting people, rather than specific jobs, plays a key role in promoting labour-market inclusiveness and dynamism. Effective unemployment benefits reduce inequality, and facilitate a good match between workers’ skills and job requirements. They are a crucial policy lever for adapting to the major societal, technological and environmental transitions of our time. This report on the United States is the second of a number of OECD country reviews of income support policies. Each report analyses key policy challenges, discusses recent reform initiatives, and identifies good practices from other OECD countries. The report examines the reach and generosity of unemployment insurance and other income support for working age households, with a special focus on disadvantaged labour market groups. What are key gaps in benefit receipt between wage- and salaried employees and non-standard workers (part-time workers, those on temporary contracts, and self-employed workers including own-account workers)? What factors, including race/ethnicity and gender, drive non-entitlement to unemployment compensation? The report examines these questions, considers the impact of recent extensions to the unemployment insurance programme in response to the COVID pandemic, and outlines policy directions for strengthening out-of-work support.
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  • 149
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264322356 , 9789264699427 , 9789264654907
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (213 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Klimapolitik ; Klimaneutralität ; Treibhausgas-Emissionen ; Litauen ; Energy ; Environment ; Taxation ; Lithuania
    Kurzfassung: This report presents policy reform options to support Lithuania in meeting its climate neutrality target. It takes stock of Lithuania’s current and planned climate policies and assesses their potential for meeting the country’s climate ambitions. The report details the results of modelling carried out to assess the effectiveness of different policy scenarios, an analysis of carbon pricing and the role of innovation, an assessment of financial needs in the transition to net zero, and an analysis of the distributional implications of carbon pricing. Bringing together these findings the report offers recommendations for policy reform, highlighting the importance of setting price signals complemented by innovation support, as well as the potential of revenue recycling options in alleviating distributional concerns.
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  • 150
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264395183 , 9789264978065 , 9789264908420
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (127 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Urban Studies
    Schlagwort(e): Entwicklungshilfe ; Dezentralisierung ; Deutschland ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Germany
    Kurzfassung: German federal states and municipalities have engaged in decentralised development co-operation (DDC) since the 1950s. Germany provides over half of total official development assistance (ODA) in the world that is channelled as DDC. However, most of this support remains within German borders. To incentivise further international partnerships, the federal government has established dedicated programmes and financial support schemes for states and municipalities. This report presents key data on the DDC landscape in Germany and offers guidance on how to strengthen its role in enabling peer-to-peer learning and improve collaboration between German states and municipalities. It also showcases how to further raise awareness about the mutual benefits of DDC partnerships, including through better ODA data reporting and a harmonised approach to monitoring and evaluating its results across levels of government.
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  • 151
    Online-Ressource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264421462
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (78 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: International Summit on the Teaching Profession
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: Global education systems face an array of huge challenges, including question marks over how to remain relevant in a fast-changing world. This report Teaching for the Future: Global Engagement, Sustainability and Digital Skills outlines the challenges and key trends for teaching and schools, and sets out ambitious proposals to improve education standards to ensure learning caters to the needs of all students regardless of background. The report was used as the basis to launch discussions about the state of global education at the International Summit on the Teaching Profession held in Washington D.C., April 2023. The summit brought together education ministers, union leaders and other representatives from the teaching profession from high-performing and improving education systems to review the quality of teaching and learning across the world. Topics discussed included the future of learning and ways to radically reimagine how education systems function in the decades to come; analysis of how to attract and support the development of high-quality teachers and teaching practices in the age of digitalisation; and ways to support the teaching of global competencies in schools, and how to promote equitable and inclusive learning environments for all.
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  • 152
    ISBN: 9789264758193 , 9789264555716 , 9789264464360
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (528 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Caminos de Desarrollo
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Multi-dimensional Review of El Salvador: Strategic Priorities for Robust, Inclusive and Sustainable Development
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Governance ; Development ; El Salvador
    Kurzfassung: El Salvador ha consolidado importantes avances en su desarrollo en los últimos 30 años. El fin de la guerra civil en 1992 señaló el establecimiento de una democracia liberal y de un modelo de desarrollo abierto basado en la exportación, que contribuyó a reducir la pobreza y la desigualdad. Sin embargo, el modelo de la posguerra no ha generado el dinamismo económico o los puestos de trabajo que el país necesita. El crecimiento económico fue moderado en los años previos a la pandemia de COVID-19, promediando 2.4%, y la productividad creció al 0.1% durante la pasada década. Para impulsar un desarrollo más sólido, inclusivo y sostenible son necesarias acciones decisivas. Basándose en un análisis multidimensional del desarrollo en El Salvador este informe plantea cuatro recomendaciones prioritarias: 1) sentar las condiciones para la transformación productiva y la modernización de la economía; 2) aumentar la cantidad, calidad y pertinencia de la educación; 3) gestionar mejor los recursos hídricos para llevar agua y saneamiento a todos de manera sostenible; y 4) modernizar el Estado para que pueda generar bienes públicos clave – desde la seguridad ciudadana a la educación o la salud – de manera eficaz, y conducir el país hacia la próxima etapa de su desarrollo.
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  • 153
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (70 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Papers on Well-being and Inequalities no.13
    Schlagwort(e): Mindestlohn ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: At a time of rising cost of living, wide wage inequalities and widespread in-work poverty, the demand for a living wage has heightened. The concept of a “living wage” has some limitations, including that it is operationalised in a variety of ways. This variety may serve the purpose of making it a more relevant instrument, typically by providing information on the cost of living that firms and social partners may embed in their wage-setting processes; however, the variety can also increase a lack of transparency. The paper reviews some of the most common methodologies, by identifying points of convergence and divergence. Living wage estimates produced by the Fair Wage Network are then put into context by benchmarking them against internationally comparable wage metrics and poverty lines. Finally, the paper presents a number of critical steps to strengthen the concept of a living wage. This paper does not assess the economic cost or feasibility of living wages, not at the firm level or at the broader industry and economy level. This paper advises using the living wage as one of the pieces of information that – when properly contextualised – could inform wage negotiations and wage policies set in consultation with social partners.
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  • 154
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (65 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Environment Policy Papers no.35
    Schlagwort(e): Klimawandel ; Kommunalverwaltung ; Risiko ; Slowakei ; Environment ; Slovak Republic
    Kurzfassung: Climate change presents a major social, economic and political challenge for the Slovak Republic. The majority of municipal administrations are unaware of the potential climate risks they face today and in the coming years. Identifying risks posed by climate change and its inevitable impacts is an essential part of developing adaptation policies. While national adaptation policies have historically been formulated in an ad hoc manner, an evidence-based approach that relies on data is increasingly informing policy decisions. This paper provides an overview of the country’s adaptation policy context and presents a methodology – and the results of its application – for measuring climate change risks with respect to heat, drought and extreme precipitation. The results aim to inform future budget allocation decisions for climate change adaptation.
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  • 155
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (90 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers no.193
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Environment
    Kurzfassung: Governments in many countries are pursuing higher environmental goals for agriculture. However, in an interconnected world, the unilateral adoption of environmental policies for agriculture can reduce the producers’ competitiveness and induce pollution leakage. This report analyses these challenges and discusses policy solutions, focusing on two examples: climate change mitigation policies and policies limiting the environmental impacts of pesticides. The extent of competitiveness and leakage effects is found to depend on market conditions, differences in pollution intensity, and the type of environmental policy adopted. Two policy routes are identified to improve agriculture’s environmental performance while maintaining the benefits of global markets. The first route relies on “direct” environmental policies, such as market-based instruments or regulations, which are rapidly effective in limiting environmental impacts but may require additional complementary policies to limit their potential competitiveness and leakage impacts. The second route involves alternative policies acting on agricultural supply, demand, or through private sector engagement, which limit competitiveness and leakage impacts but may require time to be environmentally effective.
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  • 156
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (43 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Regional Development Papers no.46
    Schlagwort(e): Entwicklungshilfe ; Regionalentwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Kurzfassung: Decentralised development cooperation (DDC), or partnerships for sustainable development between cities and regions in developed and developing countries, can help drive major global agendas forward. Achieving a sustainable, equitable and resilient future requires action from subnational governments in many key SDGs and emerging areas, such as the response to the global health crisis, support for refugees and implementing net-zero pathways. The Global policy toolkit: Guidance for practitioners shows how DDC can promote mutual benefits and peer-to-peer learning, bring development co-operation closer to people and their daily lives, and deliver technical services and expertise. By providing a repository of good practices and guidance on implementation modalities, the toolkit seeks to promote policy dialogue and mutual learning across DDC actors and to enhance DDC effectiveness, efficiency and impact worldwide.
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  • 157
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (46 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Trade Policy Papers no.272
    Schlagwort(e): Trade
    Kurzfassung: New evidence is presented on the evolution of global value chains (GVCs) since the Great Financial Crisis. Drawing on novel OECD inter-country input-output tables in previous year’s prices, it shows there was no general trend towards deglobalisation in the period up to 2020. The fragmentation of production remained at a historically high level in 2019 and close to the level of 2011, confirming a stabilisation of the depth of global economic integration. Different trends are observed across economies: in the European Union, the import intensity of production grew before the COVID-19 pandemic, while China increasingly relied on domestic inputs. To explain these trends, bilateral trade costs are estimated and their cumulative impact along value chains is then calculated; structural changes and higher uncertainty seem to be the main drivers of increasing cumulative trade costs for some GVCs. To preserve the benefits of GVCs, policy makers should seek to increase the ease of trade and reduce uncertainty.
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  • 158
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (75 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Papers no.38
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Industry and Services ; Belgium
    Kurzfassung: Les politiques d’entrepreneuriat plus inclusives contribuent à l’innovation, la création d’emploi, et la croissance économique. La crise du COVID-19, a accentué les disparités en Wallonie et la région porte un intérêt croissant à renforcer le soutien à l’entrepreneuriat inclusif de groupes particulièrement désavantagés, notamment celui des immigrés et des personnes en situation de handicap. Ce rapport résume les conclusions d'un projet d’examen de la politique d'entrepreneuriat inclusif de la Wallonie. Il présente une analyse des forces et des faiblesses du système de soutien aux entrepreneurs immigrés ou en situation de handicap (aussi appelés « handipreneurs ») en Wallonie et propose des actions politiques concrètes qui permettraient d’améliorer le soutien offert à ces entrepreneurs. L’analyse est basée sur le cadre conceptuel et les outils développés par l’OCDE et la Commission Européenne, notamment l’outil « Better Entrepreneurship Policy Tool ». Le rapport s’appuie également sur la consultation d’un large panel d’acteurs locaux, un travail de recherche approfondi et une analyse de bonnes pratiques internationales.
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  • 159
    Online-Ressource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (44 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Policy Perspectives no.68
    Schlagwort(e): Bildungsreform ; Türkei ; Education ; Türkiye
    Kurzfassung: This report provides an overview of educational progress in Türkiye in the last two decades and reviews education policies which were developed and implemented during the same period. It considers a selection of policies operating from the levels of learners and institutions to system-level policies that are analysed through the lenses of comparative international data and OECD analysis of policies, programmes, and interventions that aim to support better outcomes and greater equity across national education systems. Conducted as a desk-based analysis, this report draws from the knowledge base of the OECD on education policy in Türkiye, national and international sources, and responses from the Ministry of National Education to a survey conducted for this report.
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  • 160
    Online-Ressource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (80 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Policy Papers no.28
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Renforcer l'attractivité de la fonction publique en France : Vers une approche territoriale
    Schlagwort(e): Öffentlicher Dienst ; Personalmarketing ; Frankreich ; Employment ; Governance ; France
    Kurzfassung: A growing number of OECD countries are facing the challenge of making their public service more attractive, even as public policy management becomes increasingly complex and requires new skills. This paper seeks to identify the attractiveness factors of the public service in the French regions and across the member countries of the European Union, particularly within a context of major trends in public employment that are constantly changing. The first section aims to shed light on the attractiveness of the French public service in French regions, through a mostly qualitative focus on four regions (Grand Est, Hauts-de-France, Île-de-France, Normandy). These regions are facing, in whole or in part, difficulties in attracting, recruiting, and retaining their public employees. The second section, in addition to a better understanding of the major trends affecting public employment across the European Union and OECD member countries and the implications for the Human Resources (HR) function, explores the measures implemented by other administrations in OECD member countries as well as the private sector to develop or adapt their human resources policies in order to better plan attractiveness efforts.
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  • 161
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (85 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Policy Perspectives no.72
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Belgium
    Kurzfassung: The Flemish Community of Belgium has one of the OECD’s most devolved education systems, but there are concerns among Flemish education stakeholders about the overall quality of education. In recent years, the Flemish government has initiated a series of reforms to strengthen the quality of education. These include the introduction of full cohort standardised student assessments in Dutch and mathematics. Students will take the assessments in Grades 4 and 6 at the primary level and in Grades 8 and 12 at the secondary level starting in 2024. This ambitious and innovative reform aims to strengthen and monitor the quality of education, with student results envisaged to inform improvement efforts at different levels of the system. As a follow up to the support provided by the OECD Strategic Education Governance Project, the Flemish Department of Education and Training asked the OECD Implementing Education Policies Project team to support the successful design and implementation of the standardised student assessment reform. This report presents the analysis, key findings and recommendations to help realise this objective.
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  • 162
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (38 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1762
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: The paper reviews selected implications of trade integration via global value chains (GVC) and identifies gaps in understanding of GVC risks. Despite recent significant progress, many GVC risks remain unknown. The paper also discusses pros and cons of possible strategies to minimise GVC risks and specific measures that are debated in the literature. None of the proposed strategies is a silver bullet and best measures are likely to vary across products and sectors. Most actions to improve resilience lie with firms rather than governments. There is less controversy about governments taking a more proactive role in co-ordinating data collection, analysing GVC risks and collaborating with private firms to promote standards of conduct. In contrast, there is less agreement about governments using financial incentives, regulatory requirements and direct government control to reshape GVCs. Government intervention risks creating costly distortions without minimising economic volatility and improving national security, and making international co-operation regarding social and environmental goals more difficult.
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  • 163
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (48 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Working Papers on Public Governance no.59
    Schlagwort(e): Infrastrukturpolitik ; Regulierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: The governance of infrastructure can affect how and whether infrastructure projects achieve desired outcomes and contribute to wider policy goals. This paper presents the conceptual framework, design and methodology of the OECD Infrastructure Governance Indicators (IGIs). The IGIs support the implementation and monitoring of the OECD Recommendation on the Governance of Infrastructure. This paper also describes the key findings from the first set of IGIs, which cover three areas: long-term strategic vision for infrastructure; fiscal sustainability, affordability and value for money; and efficient and effective public procurement. It identifies the governance dimensions that are well developed across OECD countries and those that require improvements under each of the three areas.
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  • 164
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (65 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Environment Working Papers no.216
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Compromised kidney function is associated with an array of environmental contaminants and chemicals, including heavy metals, certain organic solvents, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as well as food and waterborne pathogens. Many of these hazards are subject to regulation, or may be considered for regulation, in order to reduce exposures and prevent human health risks. However, valuation estimates for kidney effects that can be used in cost-benefit analyses are few, particularly willingness-to-pay estimates. In particular, there appears to be no willingness-to-pay (WTP) estimate available for reduced risk of chronic kidney disease and therefore no estimate for the Value of a Statistical Case (VSC) of chronic kidney disease. This paper is part of the series of large scale willingness to pay (WTP) studies resulting from the Surveys to elicit Willingness to pay to Avoid Chemicals related negative Health Effects (SWACHE) project that intends to improve the basis for doing cost benefit analyses of chemicals management options and environmental policies in general. The paper details a stated preference survey estimating WTP to reduce the risk of symptomatic chronic kidney disease, termed serious kidney disease in the survey instrument, filling an important gap in the valuation literature and addressing a need for applied benefits analysis for chemicals regulation. The SWACHE serious kidney impairment survey was fielded in 10 countries: Canada, Chile, China, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Norway, Türkiye, the United Kingdom and the United States.
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  • 165
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (58 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Policy Papers no.33
    Schlagwort(e): Öffentlicher Auftrag ; Risikomanagement ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: Representing approximately 12% of GDP across OECD countries, public procurement is an important pillar of public service delivery. However, successful public procurement is threatened by risks in areas as diverse as compliance, sustainability, and operations. Governments can address these challenges by identifying, assessing, treating, and monitoring risks throughout the procurement process. To do so, they use general tools such as risk registers and risk matrices, as well as more targeted measures aimed at specific challenges, such as supply chain risks. The procurement of complex goods, services and infrastructure involves different and often more consequential risks linked to market structures, the size and length of contracts, and the interconnected nature of decision making. In addressing this broad array of risks, the development of a national risk management strategy is a crucial step to ensure a co-ordinated and consistent approach.
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  • 166
    Online-Ressource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (58 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.354
    Schlagwort(e): Online-Handel ; Produktsicherheit ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Trade
    Kurzfassung: In October 2021, twenty-one OECD countries and partner economies participated in an online product safety sweep to identify the degree to which products were available for sale online despite (i) being banned or recalled, (ii) having inadequate labelling or (iii) not meeting voluntary or mandatory product safety standards. Results reveal that large volumes of unsafe products are readily traded across borders and a 79% average rate of non-compliance (or potential non-compliance) with product safety standards and laws. More needs to be done by online marketplaces and other retailers to identify and remove unsafe product listings and by consumer authorities to deter non-compliance.
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  • 167
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (51 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers no.2023/04
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology
    Kurzfassung: Long-standing policy interest in the role of organisations specialised in research and experimental development (R&D) raises questions about how these organisations are classified under different institutional sectors and contribute to R&D statistics This paper reports on the findings of the pilot data collection conducted in 2022. The results show a diverse range of R&D specialist ecosystems as well as major reporting gaps. The ultimate aim of this exercise and its recommendations is to demonstrate how several OECD countries are able to provide meaningful statistical results using OECD guidance and promote the mainstreaming of reporting into future national and OECD R&D statistics.
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  • 168
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (43 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Working Papers no.297
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: An important construct to be measured in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2025 is the degree to which 15-year-olds are knowledgeable of, concerned about, and able to act on environmental issues as a result of their science education. This document justifies and explains the competencies youth need to address local and global challenges in this epoch of human influences on the planet. Those with agency in the Anthropocene work individually and collectively with hope and efficacy to understand diverse perspectives on socio-ecological systems and to create a more just and resilient future.
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  • 169
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (58 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Working Papers no.295
    Schlagwort(e): Frühkindliche Bildung ; Kinderbetreuung ; Digitale Kompetenz ; Qualifikation ; Kolumbien ; Education
    Kurzfassung: Digitalisation places new demands on the early childhood education and care (ECEC) workforce to navigate the care and well-being of children in the digital age. This literature review examines frameworks for digital competencies (DC) in education, with a focus on ECEC, as well as variation in DC requirements for ECEC staff with different responsibilities. It explores strategies for a successful integration of DC in ECEC workforce development programmes. The review shows there has been limited research and policy support regarding the development of DC in ECEC and discusses the importance for the ECEC workforce to understand how digital technologies may be incorporated to their work, encompassing both technical aspects and responsible use, as well as the social and collaborative dimensions of professional development in this area. The review examines also how attitudes towards technology use with young children condition skills development in the sector.
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  • 170
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (23 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Policy Perspectives no.69
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: Strong career guidance systems allow students to explore potential futures in work through authentic and frequent interactions with people in work and their workplaces. One form of career exploration that can be expected to be of particular value to young people is career talks with guest speakers. Typically undertaken through secondary education, career talks allow students to hear directly from people in work about their jobs, careers and their pathways through education and training. This Policy Brief summarises available evidence on the impact of teenage career talks on adult employment outcomes; draws on the wider research literature and examples of practice in some countries to illustrate why and how career talks can be expected to benefit students; and, provides a step-by-step guide to the effective design of career talks in person and online.
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  • 171
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (26 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Working Papers no.292
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: Climate change and natural disasters, the COVID-19 pandemic, and geopolitical shocks have increasingly disrupted school education around the world in recent years. Whether leading to school closures, school destructions or repeated interruptions in students’ learning experiences, these external shocks have translated into lost learning opportunities for students. In this context, education systems face heightened pressure to become ever more resilient, enhance the efficiency of public spending and address emerging learning gaps. This working paper highlights key education strategies for helping students catch up on lost learning opportunities and bridge learning gaps, based on a review of research and policy evidence from OECD and non-OECD countries. It examines a range of academic strategies to address learning gaps, including i) adapting instructional strategies and pedagogies to individual needs, ii) extending and adapting the time of instruction, and iii) providing curricular flexibility and enabling fluid learning pathways within the school system. It provides research evidence on the effectiveness of such strategies, together with examples of their large-scale implementation and cost-effectiveness considerations. While this paper presents programmes of general interest for all countries, a separate policy brief targets learning recovery strategies for students in Ukraine.
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  • 172
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (69 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Papers no.40
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Industry and Services ; United Arab Emirates
    Kurzfassung: Strengthening the performance and economic contribution of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) and start-ups is central to Abu Dhabi’s goal of creating a more diversified and competitive economy. This report provides an assessment of policies, programmes and regulations relating to MSME and start-up development in Abu Dhabi. The assessment is structured around six thematic areas: i) access to finance, ii) the availability of skills and capabilities, iii) access to markets, iv) the business environment, v) innovation and digitalisation, and vi) future opportunities for MSME and start-up development. For each thematic area, an analysis of existing issues, challenges and policy approaches is provided, in addition to policy recommendations and relevant examples of international policy practices. The report was prepared by the OECD Secretariat and external experts based on information gathered by the OECD in Abu Dhabi in the form of written documentation, questionnaire responses, stakeholder interviews and roundtable meetings as well as desk research on policy practices in other countries.
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  • 173
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (15 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Les réponses de l’OCDE face aux conséquences de la guerre en Ukraine
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe What are the integration challenges of Ukrainian refugee women?
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Ukraine
    Kurzfassung: Depuis le début de la guerre d’agression menée par la Russie contre l’Ukraine, la majorité des personnes réfugiées sont des femmes et des enfants. Cette situation pose des problèmes d’intégration d’une nature particulière. Dans la plupart des pays d’accueil, environ 70 % des réfugiés ukrainiens adultes sont des femmes et la plupart d’entre elles sont venues accompagnées de leurs enfants, dont environ 30 % sont mineurs. La plupart des pays de l’OCDE favorisent l’intégration socioéconomique des réfugiées ukrainiennes à l’aide de leurs systèmes existants d’intégration. Toutefois, les mesures d’intégration ont souvent été conçues en se basant sur des profils différents de compétences et une composition femmes/hommes différente des flux de réfugiés, et risquent donc d'affaiblir les résultats à long terme. Dans les pays de l’OCDE, certaines mesures ciblées prometteuses ont été mises en place pour favoriser l’intégration socioéconomique des réfugiées ukrainiennes. Ces mesures comprennent des services de conseil, des possibilités de travail en réseau, des formations et des stages, ainsi que des activités d'entraide à l'échelon local destinées aux femmes.
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  • 174
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (50 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Policy Papers no.32
    Schlagwort(e): Öffentlicher Auftrag ; EU-Staaten ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: Promoting the professionalisation of the public procurement workforce is gaining attention across EU Member States and OECD countries. To support professionalisation initiatives, the European Commission designed a scalable and structured tool to assess the skills and knowledge of public procurement professionals. This tool, known as ProcurCompEU, provides public organisations with the means to identify missing competences or areas where further capability-building initiatives could be implemented. To strengthen the relevance of the tool, the OECD has been supporting public administrations from several OECD countries in testing ProcurCompEU. This report provides insights on these pilots and draws lessons to further increase the scalability of the tool to different contexts and objectives.
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  • 175
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264560642
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (57 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Elektrizitätsversorgung ; Statistische Methode ; Energy
    Kurzfassung: The world remains far off track to reach universal access to electricity by 2030 – a key target canonised in UN Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG7). While many countries have set targets to advance universal electrification, it remains challenging to collect timely data on their progress, making it difficult to build or refine their electrification plans and policy strategies. To provide governments with the tools to achieve their goals, the Guidebook for Improved Electricity Access Statistics (hereafter “Guidebook”) focuses on methodologies using readily available supply-side data from electric utilities, mini-grid operators, and off-grid system distributors to track access to electricity trends. This approach can be adopted at a low-cost and provides accurate estimates on access rates with a potential time lag on the order of months, instead of years. Supply-side data complements household or census surveys, which can give a more nuanced, detailed picture, but are typically only run every five to ten years due to their expense. This report provides step-by-step guidelines on how to implement an improved supply-side data collection process, and produce more time-sensitive and comprehensive access to electricity indicators. In addition, the Guidebook proposes a standard method to capture mini-grids and stand-alone off-grid systems in calculating access to electricity, which are becoming increasingly more commonplace in strategies to reach universal access. Finally, the Guidebook suggests further steps practitioners can take to advance geospatial data collection and reporting, which has become the new best practice for electrification planning supporting both electric utilities and the vibrant off-grid industry.
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  • 176
    ISBN: 9789264658837 , 9789264801479 , 9789264989030
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (206 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Gender Equality at Work
    Schlagwort(e): Lohnstruktur ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Pay transparency policies are gaining momentum throughout the OECD. Over half of OECD countries require private sector firms to report their gender pay gap statistics regularly to stakeholders like employees, employee representatives, the government, and/or the public. Gender pay gap reporting, equal pay audits and other pay transparency policies help advance gender equality at the workplace, as these measures present up-to-date information on a firm’s gender pay gap, encourage employers to offer equal pay for work of equal value, and give individual workers and their representatives valuable insights to fight for pay equity. This report presents the most thorough stocktaking to date of gender pay gap reporting policies and evaluations across OECD countries, and offers guidance to countries interested in introducing, reforming and monitoring their pay transparency systems to promote equal pay for women and men.
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  • 177
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264736450
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (80 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Series on Testing and Assessment
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: IUCLID (International Uniform Chemical Information Database) is a software application designed to record, store, maintain and exchange data on chemicals. It is a key software application for both regulatory bodies and the chemical industry where it is used in the implementation of various regulatory programmes. IUCLID can be customised and configured to manage chemical data in different contexts and is a platform employing globally harmonised data elements pertinent to chemicals. It is continuously updated to provide greater customisation, extension and integration with other tools. This third edition provides the latest updates on IUCLID features and processes, including the use of PostgreSQL, an updated matrix view of the use of IUCLID in OECD countries, the new release schedule, and information on new tools to support the use of IUCLID (Data Uploader) and the IUCLID Customisation Forum.
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  • 178
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264485198
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (77 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Strommarkt ; Elektrizitätspolitik ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; China ; Energy
    Kurzfassung: Power markets are an instrument used globally to ensure electricity security while maintaining affordability and incentivising decarbonisation. The People’s Republic of China (hereafter, “China”) has been making big steps towards implementing markets, and the goals announced in 2020 of carbon dioxide emissions peaking before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060 have added momentum to expand their footprint. Provinces have taken a leading role in designing and implementing markets. To improve sharing of resources, the guidance to implement a unified national market system pushes for more co-ordination between provinces. This report examines the role of power markets in China and the pathways to develop a national market. The analysis focuses on short-term markets because they have the potential to unlock flexibility the system needs in light of renewables growth and changing weather patterns. The report provides recommendations to improve markets’ co-ordination across the country as well as within the provinces.
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  • 179
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264611122 , 9789264862807 , 9789264950474
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (76 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Anti-Korruption ; Korruption ; Rumänien ; Governance ; Romania
    Kurzfassung: This report assesses Romania’s efforts to strengthen its integrity and anti-corruption system. It looks at the achievements of the 2021-2025 National Anticorruption Strategy (NAS) as well as the challenges that remain, including addressing structural issues such as political engagement, the role and placement of ethics offices and the design and review of integrity plans. The report provides recommendations for mainstreaming central government integrity policies into practical and concrete actions at the sectoral level, with a view to improving implementation of the 2021-2025 NAS as well as future strategies.
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  • 180
    Online-Ressource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264806344 , 9789264792548 , 9789264498952
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (180 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Agriculture and Food Policy Reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Agrarpolitik ; Ernährungssicherung ; Spanien ; Agriculture and Food ; Spain
    Kurzfassung: Spain has a dynamic and competitive agro-food sector. However, higher productivity has not always reduced environmental pressures. The agricultural innovation and knowledge system could play a key role in addressing the environmental challenges and improving the sector’s resilience. Policies for the Future of Farming and Food in Spain undertakes a thorough examination of the Spanish agro-food sector. It applies the OECD Productivity, Sustainability and Resilience (PSR) analytical framework along with the latest data from the OECD Agri-Environmental Indicators to benchmark the country’s sustainable productivity performance and to identify the main challenges facing the sector. This report proposes a new policy approach, which puts innovation at the centre of a strategy to reconcile environmental performance and productivity growth. Its policy recommendations focus on actions to improve the agricultural knowledge and innovation system and make it more responsive to the most urgent environmental pressures. This requires strengthening the institutional and regulatory framework that supports agricultural innovation and creating incentives to tackle the impediments for a more sustainable and resilient agriculture.
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  • 181
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264322318 , 9789264728660 , 9789264322950
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (90 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Applying Evaluation Criteria Thoughtfully
    Schlagwort(e): Development
    Kurzfassung: La pertinence, la cohérence, l'efficacité, l'efficience, l'impact et la durabilité sont des critères d'évaluation largement utilisés, en particulier dans la coopération internationale pour le développement. Ils permettent de déterminer le mérite ou la valeur de diverses interventions, telles que les stratégies, les politiques, les programmes ou les projets. Ce guide a pour but d'aider les évaluateurs et d'autres à mieux comprendre ces critères et mieux les utiliser. Il commence par décrire ce qu'ils sont et comment ils sont censés être utilisés. Les définitions et les concepts qui sous-tendent chaque critère sont ensuite expliqués. Enfin, des exemples donnent au lecteur des idées concrètes pour leur utilisation. Les critères ont été définis au début des années 2000 par le Réseau sur l'évaluation du développement (EvalNet) du Comité d'aide au développement (CAD) de l'OCDE. Bien qu'ils aient été largement utilisés dans le domaine de l'évaluation et au-delà, ce document est le premier à en explorer les concepts en détail, à expliquer leur utilisation prévue et à offrir des conseils pratiques. Il reflète l’état actuel de la réflexion et les meilleures pratiques en matière d'évaluation, en s'appuyant sur les contributions d'experts en évaluation de renommée internationale venus d'EvalNet et d'ailleurs.
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  • 182
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264462045 , 9789264842250 , 9789264854727
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (147 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Agriculture and Food Policy Reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Agrarpolitik ; Landwirtschaft ; Umweltpolitik ; Niederlande ; Agriculture and Food ; Netherlands
    Kurzfassung: The Netherlands has built an agricultural sector that is a world leader in productivity and competitiveness. But environmental challenges have grown increasingly urgent and the sector will have to adjust. A recent court ruling on nitrogen pollution has set the stage for a transition towards a more environmentally sustainable path that will be difficult and contentious. Leveraging the strong innovation capacity of the sector will be key to finding long-term solutions that work for farmers, citizens and the environment. Policies for the Future of Farming and Food in the Netherlands takes stock of the current situation in the agriculture sector. It applies the OECD Productivity, Sustainability and Resilience (PSR) analytical framework along with the latest data from the OECD Agri-Environmental Indicators to benchmark the country’s sustainable productivity performance and to identify the main challenges facing the sector, and make suggestions for a possible path forward.
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  • 183
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264611542
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Treibhausgas-Emissionen ; Welt ; Energy
    Kurzfassung: CO2 Emissions in 2022 provides a complete picture of energy-related greenhouse gas emissions in 2022. The report finds that global growth in emissions was not as high as some had originally feared amid the disruptions caused by the global energy crisis. This latest release brings together the IEA’s latest analysis, combining the Agency’s estimates of CO2 emissions from all energy sources and industrial processes, as well as providing information on energy-related methane and nitrous oxide emissions. This report is part of the IEA’s support of the first global stocktake of the Paris Agreement, which will be finalized in the run up to COP28, the next UN Climate Change Conference, at the end of 2023.
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  • 184
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264703315 , 9789264929364 , 9789264583337
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (171 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD-Umweltprüfberichte
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Germany 2023
    Schlagwort(e): Umweltpolitik ; Umweltschutz ; Deutschland ; Energy ; Environment ; Transport ; Germany
    Kurzfassung: Die Umweltergebnisse haben sich in Deutschland in den vergangenen zehn Jahren weiter verbessert. Das Land verfolgt ehrgeizige Klimaziele, um bis 2045 Klimaneutralität und nach 2050 Negativemissionen zu erreichen. Dennoch muss Deutschland seine Klimamaßnahmen vor allem im Gebäude- und im Verkehrssektor weiter beschleunigen und sich ganzheitlich mit der Energie-, Klima- und Biodiversitätskrise auseinandersetzen. Als Reaktion auf die Energiekrise wurde eine Reihe von Maßnahmen ergriffen, deren Größenordnung und Reichweite historisch sind. Diese dürften die Energiewende in den kommenden Jahren deutlich schneller voranbringen. Außerdem verstärkt Deutschland sein Engagement in der Klimaanpassung auf allen staatlichen Ebenen und hat ein ehrgeiziges Förderprogramm für Investitionen in naturbasierte Lösungen aufgelegt. Dies ist die vierte Ausgabe des OECD-Umweltprüfberichts Deutschland. Er enthält 28 Empfehlungen, die Deutschland helfen sollen, seine Umweltergebnisse weiter zu verbessern.
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  • 185
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264414624 , 9789264718944 , 9789264810983
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (139 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Infrastrukturinvestition ; Infrastruktur ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Umweltpolitik ; Italien ; Governance ; Italy
    Kurzfassung: This report provides an overview of green infrastructure planning and the use of nature-based solutions in Italy. It identifies key challenges and trade-offs and provides recommendations to promote their uptake across the different levels of government. The report also analyses four case studies that have been identified in agreement with the Italian Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport: the Green Node in Bari, the metro line M4 in Milan, the Ridracoli Dam in Emilia-Romagna, and the railway line Bicocca-Catenanuova.
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  • 186
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264615458
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (112 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Geschlechterverteilung ; Gleichberechtigung ; Nuklearindustrie ; OECD-Staaten ; Energy ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Nuclear Energy
    Kurzfassung: Female scientists and engineers pioneered the nuclear and radiological fields, with leaders and innovators such as Marie Skłodowska-Curie and Lise Meitner, among many others, establishing the foundation of modern nuclear science and technology. Women continue to make vital contributions to the sector, but their visibility and overall numbers in the sector remain limited, especially in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), and leadership roles. The lack of diversity in the sector represents a loss of potential innovation and growth and a critical threat to the viability of the field. This report features the first publicly available international data on gender balance in the nuclear sector. The data was collected from over 8 000 women in the nuclear workforce in 32 countries, as well as human resources data from 96 nuclear organisations in 17 countries. Based on the findings, a comprehensive, evidence-driven policy framework is proposed with practical recommendations.
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  • 187
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264920347 , 9789264857650 , 9789264868526
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (54 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Arbeitslosigkeit ; Arbeitslosenversicherung ; Öffentliche Sozialleistungen ; Arbeitsmarktintegration ; Südkorea ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Korea, Republic of
    Kurzfassung: Protecting people, rather than specific jobs, plays a key role in promoting labour-market inclusiveness and dynamism. Effective unemployment benefits reduce inequality, and raise productivity by facilitating a good match between workers’ skills and job requirements. They are a crucial policy lever for adapting to the major societal, technological and environmental transitions of our time. This report is the first of a number of OECD country reviews of income support policies. Each report analyses key policy challenges, discusses recent reform initiatives, and identifies good practices from other OECD countries. This report on Korea focuses on avenues for strengthening benefit coverage, income security and re-employment in the context of a “dual” labour market with large parts of the workforce in short-duration, non-standard or informal employment. It welcomes Korea’s recent reforms towards more accessible jobseeker support, and points to priorities for additional policy action to make income and employment support more effective and inclusive.
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  • 188
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264648739 , 9789264604643 , 9789264868793
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (286 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Zéro émission nette+ (version abrégée) : Résilience climatique et économique dans un monde en mutation
    Schlagwort(e): Klimaneutralität ; Klimapolitik ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Coping-Strategie ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment
    Kurzfassung: Climate policy making today demands balancing the need for immediate, accelerated climate action with essential responses to punctual crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia’s war of aggression in Ukraine. Meeting this challenge requires a new approach centred on systemic resilience and the need to develop future-proof climate and economic policies that will endure potential diverse disruptions. This report offers policy makers a cohesive set of recommendations on how to build such resilience, derived from climate-relevant work from across OECD policy domains including economic and tax policy, financial and fiscal affairs, development, science and technology, employment and social affairs, and environmental policy, among others. It provides fresh insights on how to ensure the transition to net-zero emissions is itself resilient, while simultaneously building resilience to the increasing impacts of climate change. This report provides a synthesis of the OECD Net Zero+ project, covering the first phase of an ongoing, cross-cutting initiative, representing a major step forward for an OECD whole-of-government approach to climate policy.
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  • 189
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264483682 , 9789264965935 , 9789264893344
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (75 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Улучшение рамочных условий для цифровой трансформации бизнеса в Казахстане
    Schlagwort(e): Digitalisierung ; Infrastrukturpolitik ; Privatwirtschaft ; Kasachstan ; Science and Technology ; Kazakhstan
    Kurzfassung: In recent years, Kazakhstan has developed a comprehensive digital government system and begun to create the legal and regulatory conditions for the digital transformation of the country’s economy. The digitalisation of the private sector requires further improvements in framework conditions, such as reliable access to broadband services, quality and affordability of networks, and digital security for businesses. Based on recent OECD work on digital framework conditions, this report examines the legal and operational environment that is holding back the digital transformation of private firms in Kazakhstan. The report suggests three sets of actions: (1) addressing the remaining Internet quality and connectivity gaps, notably by mobilising the regional public sector to improve the quality and density of networks, and by expanding the inclusion of the private sector in the policy-making process; (2) improving competition in, and the investment attractiveness of, the telecom sector by setting-up an independent national telecom regulator, and by developing a targeted investment attraction strategy to prepare for deployment of next-generation communication networks; and (3) adapting the regulatory and policy framework for firms adapting to new digital challenges and raising their awareness of digital security.
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  • 190
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (47 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Statistics Working Papers no.2023/02
    Schlagwort(e): Energy ; Environment ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: The System of Environmental Economic Accounting Central Framework (SEEA CF) was adopted in 2012. In one decade, it has expanded to 92 countries, including most OECD countries. However, there is still work to be done by national statistics producers to increase the use of SEEA statistics. This paper focuses on the SEEA stocks and flows accounts, providing examples of where they are already used to support public policy making in high-priority areas such as climate change, environmental sustainability, the circular economy, and management of ecosystems and freshwater, as well as feeding into indicators, dashboards and other frameworks. Although these examples show that SEEA statistics are already informing public policy making in many countries, there are still important “influence gaps”. The second part of this paper discusses why these gaps exist and what can be done about them.
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  • 191
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2022, no. 1 | volume:2022 | year:2022 | number:1
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2022, no. 1
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2022
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2022
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Schlagwort(e): Energy ; Nuclear Energy
    Kurzfassung: … more and more governments, as well as regional and international organisations, are focusing greater attention on nuclear energy’s potential role in combating global climate change. At the same time, the nuclear energy sector is facing many complex issues, with legal systems playing an increasingly vital role in adjudicating public policy and regulatory questions, particularly in countries with long-established nuclear power programmes
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  • 192
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (37 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Health Working Papers no.158
    Schlagwort(e): Basisgesundheitsversorgung ; Niederlande ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: The Menzis Shared Savings Program was initiated in 2014 by the Dutch insurer Menzis and the national primary care organisation Arts en Zorg, and is among the first value-based payment models for primary care in Europe. It runs as a complement to the current – volume-driven – primary care payment system. This paper reviews the evidence of the impact of this programme against its stated objectives. The Menzis Shared Savings Program led to a lower volume of care, particularly in terms of referrals to specialist care, laboratory care and general practitioners care. Main facilitating factors were the advanced data infrastructure in place, communication and transparency about the programme’s parameters, and the programme’s focus on mitigating financial risk and uncertainty for providers. Shared savings models – even when added as a mere complement to existing volume-driven payment methods – could enhance value in health systems.
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  • 193
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (47 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1761
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This paper assesses to what extent markets with sophisticated investors and large firms price transition risks due to climate policies. The analysis exploits longitudinal data on firms’ economic and environmental performances - as measured by emission intensity, patenting activity in mitigation technologies, and ESG scores – and syndicated loan data. It provides three main results. First, firms with good environmental performance (in terms of emission intensity or patenting activity in mitigation technologies) benefit from a significantly lower cost of debt as climate-change mitigation policies become more stringent. Second, ESG scores and their environmental pillar are not sufficiently informative to assess and price domestic climate policy risks. Third, more stringent mitigation policies encourage investment in green firms by reducing the cost of debt: an increase of about EUR 10/t CO2 in carbon taxes raises investment by about 12% for firms with high patenting activity in mitigation technologies while it decreases investment by about 11% for firms with high emission intensity. The paper discusses policies to improve the available information on firms’ environmental performance metrics so as to enable investors who are smaller and less sophisticated than those participating in the syndicated-loan market to assess firms’ climate transition risks and to allocate capital in line with emission reduction targets.
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  • 194
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (38 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Working Papers on Fiscal Federalism no.44
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Taxation ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: This paper investigates the role of fiscal federalism in driving ecological transition, a key challenge in the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals agenda. The ecological transition seeks a sustainable society that prioritises natural resource preservation and reduces environmental impacts. The study investigates the link between fiscal federalism institutions and ecological transition policies, focusing on regional and local governments’ role in implementing environmental goals. Despite subnational governments’ commitment to green objectives, comprehensive plan implementation has been limited due to local governments’ incentive schemes and capacity constraints. The paper examines the potential of fiscal federalism institutions, such as fiscal rules, transfers and capacity-building programs, to support ecological transition policies. The research emphasises engaging regional and local governments in the green agenda and highlights the need for tailored approaches in multi-level fiscal governance to effectively achieve environmental goals. By investigating fiscal federalism’s potential contribution to ecological transition, the paper offers valuable insights for policymakers addressing environmental challenges through a multi-level governance approach.
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  • 195
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (47 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.293
    Schlagwort(e): Qualifikation ; Karriereplanung ; Erwerbsverlauf ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: This paper documents the development and piloting of the OECD Skills Profiling Tool. The OECD Skills Profiling Tool assesses three types of skills: occupation-specific skills; foundational skills (literacy, numeracy and digital skills); and a set of noncognitive skills using academically validated self-reported tests. After completion of the assessment, the OECD Skills Profiling Tool generates two sets of results: a personalised skill profile, which can be benchmarked against other users; and a list of suggested occupations that make use of those skills. In December 2021, 270 users and 38 career guidance counsellors in Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru tested the OECD Skills Profiling Tool. This paper describes the selection of assessment instruments, the methodology used to generate the results provided by the OECD Skills Profiling Tool and the outcomes of the piloting phase of the tool.
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  • 196
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (36 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Productivity Working Papers no.33
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: This paper describes the methodology used for crosswalking occupation-based measures of Green (“environmentally friendly”) and Brown (“polluting”) jobs from the Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system to the International Standard Occupation Classification (ISCO) 08 at the most detailed (4-digit) level. The original, task-based Greenness scores by Vona et al. (2018) are provided at the 8-digit SOC level, and the industry-based Brownness measures are provided in 6-digit SOC. Crosswalking these measures requires several choices in terms of weighting and aggregating, which this paper describes in detail. The robustness of the resulting measures to the different weighting options and underlying assumption is tested using Linked Employer-Employee data from Portugal. An empirical application to the Productivity-Greenness link at the firm level shows the robustness of this link to different weighting choices, and confirms that all of the different measures derived are consistent in measuring the Greenness of jobs.
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  • 197
    ISBN: 9789264432659
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (146 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe International Standards for Automatic Exchange of Information in Tax Matters: Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework and 2023 update to the Common Reporting Standard
    Schlagwort(e): Taxation
    Kurzfassung: Depuis son approbation en 2014, la Norme d’échange automatique de renseignements relatifs aux comptes financiers en matière fiscale a été mise en œuvre par des juridictions et des institutions financières du monde entier. À la lumière de l’expérience acquise et compte tenu de l’accélération de la transformation numérique des marchés financiers, un examen complet de la Norme a été entrepris. De ce fait, cette publication comprend le Cadre de déclaration des Crypto-actifs (CDC) et les modifications apportées à la Norme commune de déclaration (NCD), ainsi que les Commentaires et les cadres d’échange de renseignements associés, tel qu'approuvé par le Comité des affaires fiscales, qui constituent désormais collectivement les Normes internationales d’échange automatique de renseignements en matière fiscale. Le CDC régit l’échange automatique de renseignements fiscaux sur les Crypto-actifs et a été élaboré en réponse à la croissance rapide du marché des Crypto-actifs et pour éviter que les avancées récemment réalisées en matière de transparence fiscale à l’échelle mondiale ne s’érodent progressivement. La NCD a été modifiée afin d’inclure certains produits de monnaie électronique et certaines monnaies numériques de banque centrale dans son champ d’application. Des modifications ont également été apportées pour faire en sorte que les investissements indirects dans des Crypto-actifs par l’intermédiaire de produits dérivés et de fonds de placement soient désormais couverts par la NCD. D’autres modifications ont en outre été introduites afin de renforcer les obligations de diligence raisonnable et de déclaration et de prévoir une exception pour les entités qui sont de véritables organisations à but non lucratif. Cette publication comprend également la Recommandation de l'OCDE sur les normes internationales d'échange automatique de renseignements en matière fiscale, qui couvre à la fois le CDC et la NCD modifiée.
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  • 198
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264996175 , 9789264390058 , 9789264382978
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (133 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Wohnungspolitik ; Investmentfonds ; Immobilienfinanzierung ; Immobilienpreis ; Wohnkosten ; Wohnungsmarkt ; Lettland ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Latvia
    Kurzfassung: The Latvian government established the Housing Affordability Fund in mid-2022, a long-term self-sustaining financing model to channel investment into affordable housing. The fund is now being scaled up to ensure lasting impact on the Latvian housing market. This report identifies options for institutional arrangements, funding and financing opportunities, and operational tools to achieve this aim. It draws on the rich and diverse experiences of four peer countries in establishing and operating revolving fund schemes for affordable housing (Austria, Denmark, the Netherlands and Slovenia), and also reflects findings from engagement with a range of stakeholders in the Latvian housing sector.
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  • 199
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264556928 , 9789264172746 , 9789264922945
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (180 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Studies on Environmental Policy and Household Behaviour
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Comportement des ménages et environnement : Opérer des choix durables sur fond de crises interdépendantes
    Schlagwort(e): Privater Haushalt ; Umweltbewusstsein ; Nachhaltiger Konsum ; OECD-Staaten ; Energy ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Transport
    Kurzfassung: Household choices – such as what to eat, how to get to work and how to heat our homes – have significant implications for the environment. With the urgency of environmental action and the need to shift to more sustainable consumption patterns, making more sustainable choices holds great potential to reduce environmental impacts. Yet in the context of interlocking crises, governments face challenges in supporting households with policies that realise this potential. How Green is Household Behaviour? presents an overview of results from the 2022 OECD Survey on Environmental Policies and Individual Behaviour Change. The survey investigates household attitudes and behaviour with respect to energy, transport, waste and food systems. It was carried out across more than 17 000 households in 9 countries, including Belgium, Canada, Israel, France, the Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States. The data collected also include information on self-reported motivations and barriers to change, providing a unique source of empirical evidence to inform policy efforts to shift to more sustainable consumption patterns.
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  • 200
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264631113 , 9789264704770 , 9789264465930
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Innovation ; Politik ; Welt ; Governance ; Australia ; Belgium ; Brazil ; Colombia ; Italy ; Netherlands ; Sierra Leone ; Singapore ; Spain ; United Kingdom
    Kurzfassung: In the face of what has increasingly been referred to as an ongoing “permacrisis”, governments must cope with and respond to emerging threats while already grappling with longstanding issues such as climate change, digital disruption and low levels of trust. In this context, understanding new approaches and spreading successful ideas has never been more important. To promote this, the OECD Observatory of Public Sector Innovation (OPSI) has analysed 1 084 innovative initiatives from 94 countries to derive and understand novel government practices. The report discusses four key trends: 1) new forms of accountability for a new era of government, 2) new approaches to care, 3) new methods for preserving identities and strengthening equity and 4) new ways of engaging citizens and residents. Ten case studies and dozens of supporting examples illustrate these trends.
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