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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD case study of Norway's digital science and innovation policy and governance landscape (2020)
    [Paris] : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 89 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and innovation policy papers no. 89 (July 2020)
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers no.89
    Keywords: digitalisation ; innovation ; policy governance ; statistics ; science and technology ; Norway ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report describes Norway’s landscape for Digital Science and Innovation Policy (DSIP) - the overarching framework through which governments make intensive use of digital technologies and data resources to support the formulation, delivery and administration of STI policy. The report describes how Norway’s DSIP landscape is shaped by its broader digital government framework and agenda, introduces the main actors in the DSIP system and discusses their main features in relation to their key objectives and the generic purposes of DSIP approaches. Special attention is paid to the role of STI statistics. It concludes by drawing out key findings and potential implications to help the Norwegian government identify opportunities that promote the system’s further development in line with its strategic objectives. This study also provides an indication of the potential opportunities and challenges that other countries might face when developing, implementing and maintaining digital systems for STI policy and administration.
    DOI: 10.1787/20f80fa1-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    The effects of R&D tax incentives and their role in the innovation policy mix findings from the OECD microBeRD project, 2016-19 (2020)
    [Paris] : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 96 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and innovation policy papers no. 92 (September 2020)
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers no.92
    Keywords: Tax ; Innovation ; Science and technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report presents new evidence on the impact of R&D tax incentives and direct funding of business R&D, drawing on distributed cross-country and firm-level analyses undertaken as part of the first phase of the OECD microBeRD project (2016-19). This “distributed” approach facilitates a harmonised analysis of confidential business R&D and tax relief microdata in 20 OECD countries. microBeRD provides new insights into the effectiveness of R&D tax incentives in encouraging business R&D in the OECD area and the heterogeneity of effects both within and across OECD countries, including the underlying impact mechanisms. The report contributes to the debate on the role of R&D tax incentives in the policy mix by providing additional comparative evidence on the effects of alternative business R&D inducement incentives.
    DOI: 10.1787/65234003-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    The 2018 OECD International Survey of Scientific Authors (2020)
    Paris, France : OECD
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 78 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry working papers 2020, 04
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry working papers
    Keywords: 2018 ; Publizisten ; Wissenschaftler ; Erhebungstechnik ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This technical paper describes the methodology and main features of the second pilot of the OECD International Survey of Scientific Authors (ISSA2). ISSA2 was carried out in 2018 to provide evidence on the nature and effects of digitalisation in science. This paper describes the key design and implementation feature of the ISSA2 online survey. It also provides an overview of the data collected focusing on the profiles of the survey respondents in relation to the broader population they represent. This aims to guide third-party research use of the data and code made openly available under two different access regimes.
    DOI: 10.1787/18d3bf19-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Patterns of innovation, advanced technology use and business practices in Canadian firms (2020)
    Paris, France : OECD
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry working papers 2020, 02
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry working papers
    Keywords: Innovationsakzeptanz ; Strategisches Management ; Kanada ; Science and Technology ; Canada ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper uses a distributed microdata analysis approach to map patterns of technology adoption in Canadian firms, exploring the relationship between technology adoption, business practices and innovation. Prepared by the OECD NESTI secretariat in collaboration with Statistics Canada, the paper leverages a unique enterprise database combining information on innovation, technology adoption and the use of selected business practices. This work suggests a number of possible pathways for selecting and defining priority technology and business practices for data collection and reporting, implementing recommendations in the 2018 Oslo Manual on enablers and objectives of business innovation, and identifying potential synergies between business innovation, management and ICT, and other surveys focused on various aspects of technology adoption.
    DOI: 10.1787/6856ab8c-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Charting the digital transformation of science : findings from the 2018 OECD International Survey of Scientific Authors (ISSA2) (2020)
    Paris, France : OECD
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 94 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry working papers 2020, 03
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry working papers
    Keywords: 2008 ; Wissenschaft ; Digitalisierung ; Strukturwandel ; Erhebungstechnik ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper presents the results of the 2018 OECD International Survey of Scientific Authors (ISSA2), a global online survey designed and implemented to measure the key features of the digital transformation of science. The paper explores the potential impacts of digitalisation based on a combination of different indicators on research impact and responses from nearly 12 000 authors across the world. The evidence shows that although digital activity is pervasive, the transformation is uneven across fields and sectors, and is influenced by factors such as norms, experience, skills and data availability. Overall, scientists appear to be optimistic about the potential of digitalisation, especially in relation to the efficiency of research and collaboration across national borders. This paper is also the first analysis to leverage a new OECD approach to data collection in priority science policy topics for which evidence might be scarce or insufficiently timely.
    DOI: 10.1787/1b06c47c-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Frascati Manual R&D and the System of National Accounts (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry working papers 2017, 06
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry working papers
    Keywords: Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnung ; Forschung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This working paper looks at the Frascati Manual (FM) framework for Research and Development (R&D) statistics and the System of National Accounts (SNA) framework of comprehensive economic accounts - giving an overview of their shared history and analysing similarities and differences in their approaches to measuring R&D following a fundamental change of the treatment of R&D in the 2008 SNA. The working paper also highlights the various actions taken in the 2015 revision of the FM which respond to National Accounts data needs and thereby aims to provide a common platform for collaboration and dialogue between FM and SNA practitioners. Finally, the FM and SNA R&D statistics are presented and their conceptual, data, and coverage underpinnings compared, helping to elucidate issues that need to be communicated to users so that they can better understand and interpret these related but different R&D statistics.
    DOI: 10.1787/edb6e020-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Measuring R&D tax support : findings from the new OECD R&D Tax Incentives Database (2019)
    Paris, France : OECD
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 70 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry working papers 2019, 06
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry working papers
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Investment in research and experimental development (R&D) is an important driver of innovation and economic growth. Over the past two decades, tax incentives have become a key policy instrument for promoting business R&D. This raises a number of policy questions: How has the role of tax incentives in the R&D support policy mix evolved across OECD countries and other major economies? How generous are tax relief provisions for different types of firms? How effective are they in stimulating business R&D investment? The OECD R&D Tax Incentives Database (http://oe.cd/rdtax) aims to contribute to the data infrastructure available to policy makers and researchers to examine the use and impact of R&D tax incentives across OECD countries and partner economies. This paper provides a practical guide to using this new database, describing the recently released R&D tax incentive data and highlighting their potential for internationally comparative work through descriptive indicators and econometric analysis.
    DOI: 10.1787/d16e6072-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Fiscal incentives for R&D and innovation in a diverse world (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 22 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD taxation working papers no. 27
    Keywords: Technologiepolitik ; Steuervergünstigung ; Innovation ; OECD-Staaten ; Taxation ; Development ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Public policy has an important role to play in promoting research and development (R&D) the development, diffusion, and use of new knowledge and innovations. Fiscal incentives, including tax policies, should be directed at specific barriers, impediments or synergies to facilitate the desired level of investment in R&D and innovations. Without careful design, policies can have unintended consequences such as favouring incumbent firms, encouraging small firms to undertake less efficient activities, or creating arbitrage and rent-seeking activity. R&D tax policy needs to be considered in the context of the country’s general tax policies, its broader innovation policy mix and its other R&D support policies. More R&D activity in one country does not necessarily result in an overall increase in global innovation if it is simply shifted from another country. More research is needed to determine the extent to which R&D fiscal incentives in one country increase overall R&D, the quality of that R&D, and its positive spillovers to other sectors of the economy and other countries.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/5jlr9stckfs0-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Measuring Design and its Role in Innovation (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (51 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers no.2015/01
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This working paper sums up the main findings of an OECD project aiming to provide an evidence basis for focusing efforts to improve the measurement of technological and non-technological forms of business innovation, with particular focus on the role of design. It reviews a broad range of novel design-related measures, indicating their advantages and limitations in terms of policy relevance and insights. The analysis of design provides a valuable test-case for assessing the robustness of the overall framework for measuring innovation as proposed in the OECD/Eurostat Oslo Manual. It identifies a number of areas for potential development in a future revision, focused on the role of users and the implementation of the definition of innovation and innovation activities. It also identifies a range of design concepts based on an informal consultation with the design expert community. The paper also illustrates a number of findings arising from the first-time use of a set of experimental and optional questions on design implementing a “ladder-type” model of design which describes levels of sophistication and integration of the design function within the firm. Cognitive testing and analysis of the microdata from a large and representative sample of Danish firms shows a high degree of respondent acceptance of the experimental questions and supports their predictive validity vis-à-vis a number of hypotheses on the use of design and a series of innovation and economic outcomes potentially associated to it.
    DOI: 10.1787/5js7p6lj6zq6-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Measuring the AI content of government-funded R&D projects : A proof of concept for the OECD Fundstat initiative (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (105 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers no.2021/09
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report presents the results of a proof of concept for a new analytical infrastructure (“Fundstat”) for analysing government funding of R&D at the project level, exploiting the wealth of text-based information about funded projects. Reflecting the growth in popularity of artificial intelligence (AI) and the OECD Council Recommendation on AI’s emphasis on R&D investment, the report focuses on analysing government investments into AI-related R&D. Using text mining tools, it documents the creation of a list of key terms used to identify AI-related R&D projects contained in 13 funding databases from eight OECD countries and the EU, provides estimates for the total number and volume of government R&D funding, and characterises their AI funding portfolio. The methods and findings developed in this study also serve as a prototype for a new distributed mechanism capable of measuring and analysing government R&D support across key OECD priority areas and topics.
    DOI: 10.1787/7b43b038-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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