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  • World Bank  (217)
  • Edward Elgar Publishing  (33)
  • Poverty  (146)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Northampton : Edward Elgar Publishing
    ISBN: 9781789902761
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (992 Seiten)
    Series Statement: The international library of critical writings in economics series 375
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The economics of banking
    DDC: 332.1
    Keywords: Bankwirtschaft ; Finanzsystem ; Bank ; Internationale Bank ; Bankgeschäft ; Bankenaufsicht ; Banks and banking ; Economics ; Electronic books ; Übersichtsarbeit ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Recommended readings (Machine generated): 1. Michael A. Klein (1971), 'A Theory of the Banking Firm', Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 3 (2) (Part 9), May, 205-18 -- 2. Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig (1983), 'Bank Runs, Deposit Insurance and Liquidity', Journal of Political Economy, 91 (3), June, 401-19 -- 3. Franklin Allen and Douglas Gale (1998), 'Optimal Financial Crises', Journal of Finance, 53 (4), August, 1245-84 -- 4. Charles W. Calomiris and Charles M. Kahn (1991), 'The Role of Demandable Debt in Structuring Optimal Banking Arrangements', American Economic Review, 81 (3), June, 497-513 -- 5. Douglas W. Diamond (1984), 'Financial Intermediation and Delegated Monitoring', Review of Economic Studies, 51 (3), July, 393-414 -- 6. Joseph E. Stiglitz and Andrew Weiss (1981), 'Credit Rationing in Markets with Imperfect Information', American Economic Review, 71 (3), June, 393-410 -- 7. Anil K. Kashyap, Raghuram Rajan and Jeremy C. Stein (2002), 'Banks as Liquidity Providers: An Explanation for the Coexistence of Lending and Deposit-Taking', Journal of Finance, 57 (1), February, 33-73 -- 8. Allen N. Berger and David B. Humphrey (1997), 'Efficiency of Financial Institutions: International Survey and Directions for Future Research', European Journal of Operational Research, 98 (2), April, 175-212 -- 9. Arnoud W. A. Boot (2017), 'The Future of Banking: From Scale & Scope Economies to Fintech', European Economy - Banks, Regulation and The Real Sector, 2, 77-95 -- 10. Wolf Wagner (2010), 'Diversification at Financial Institutions and Systemic Crises', Journal of Financial Intermediation, 19 (3), July, 373-86 -- 11. Franklin Allen and Douglas Gale (2004), 'Competition and Financial Stability', Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 36 (3) (Part 2), June, 453-80 -- 12. Sam Langfield and Marco Pagano (2016), 'Bank bias in Europe: Effects on Systemic Risk and Growth', Economic Policy, 31 (85), January, 51-106 -- 13. Mitchell A. Petersen and Raghuram G. Rajan (1994), 'The Benefits of Lending Relationships: Evidence from Small Business Data', Journal of Finance, 49 (1), March, 3-37 -- 14. Allen N. Berger and Gregory F. Udell (2002), 'Small Business Credit Availability and Relationship Lending: The Importance of Bank Organisational Structure', Economic Journal, 112 (477), February, F32-53 -- 15. Òscar Jordà, Moritz Schularick and Alan M. Taylor (2016), 'The Great Mortgaging: Housing Finance, Crises and Business Cycles', Economic Policy, 31 (85), January, 107-52 -- 16. Arnoud W. A. Boot and Lev Ratnovski (2016), 'Banking and Trading', Review of Finance, 20 (6), October, 2219-46 -- 17. Charles Goodhart and Dirk Schoenmaker (2016), 'The Global Investment Banks are now all Becoming American: Does that Matter for Europeans?', Journal of Financial Regulation, 2 (2), August, 168-81 -- 18. Allen Goss and Gordon S. Roberts (2011), 'The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on the Cost of Bank Loans', Journal of Banking and Finance, 35 (7), July, 1794-1810 -- 19. Thorsten Beck, Asli Demirgüç-Kunt and Maria Soledad Martinez Peria (2008), 'Banking Services for Everyone? Barriers to Bank Access and Use around the World', World Bank Economic Review, 22 (3), November, 397-430
    Abstract: 20. Robert Grosse and Lawrence G. Goldberg (1991), 'Foreign Bank Activity in the United States: An Analysis by Country of Origin', Journal of Banking and Finance, 15 (6), December, 1093-112 -- 21. Nicola Cetorelli and Linda S. Goldberg (2012), 'Banking Globalization and Monetary Transmission', Journal of Finance, 67 (5), October, 1811-43 -- 22. Dirk Schoenmaker (2011), 'The Financial Trilemma', Economics Letters, 111, 57-9 -- 23. Stijn Claessens and Neeltje Van Horen (2014), 'Foreign Banks: Trends and Impact', Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 46 (S1), February, 295-326 -- 24. Ralph De Haas and Iman Van Lelyveld (2014), 'Multinational Banks and the Global Financial Crisis: Weathering the Perfect Storm?', Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 46 (S1), February, 333-64 -- 25. Eugenio Cerutti, Giovanni Dell'Ariccia and Maria Soledad Martinez Peria (2007), 'How Banks Go Abroad: Branches or Subsidiaries', Journal of Banking and Finance, 31 (6), June, 1669-92 -- 26. Eugenio Cerutti and Christina Schmieder (2014), 'Ring Fencing and Consolidated Banks' Stress Tests', Journal of Financial Stability, 11, April, 1-12 -- 27. Dirk Schoenmaker (2015), 'The New Banking Union Landscape in Europe: Consolidation Ahead?', Journal of Financial Perspectives, 3 (2), 189-201 -- 28. David Miles, Jing Yang and Gilberto Marcheggiano (2013), 'Optimal Bank Capital', Economic Journal, 123 (567), March, 1-37 -- 29. Enrico Perotti and Javier Suarez (2011), 'A Pigovian Approach to Liquidity Regulation', International Journal of Central Banking, 7 (4), 3-41 -- 30. Dirk Schoenmaker and Peter Wierts (2015), 'Regulating The Financial Cycle: An Integrated Approach with a Leverage Ratio', Economics Letters, 136, November, 70-2 -- 31. Raj Aggarwal and Kevin T. Jacques (2001), 'The Impact of FDICIA and Prompt Corrective Action on Bank Capital and Risk: Estimates Using a Simultaneous Equations Model', Journal of Banking and Finance, 25 (6), June, 1139-60 -- 32. Jean-Charles Rochet (2003), 'Why Are There so Many Banking Crises?', CESifo Economic Studies, 49 (2), 141-55 -- 33. Ben S. Bernanke (1983), 'Nonmonetary Effects of the Financial Crisis in the Propagation of the Great Depression', American Economic Review, 73 (3), June, 257-76 -- 34. C. A. E. Goodhart (1987), 'Why Do Banks Need a Central Bank?' Oxford Economic Papers, 39 (1), March, 75-89 -- 35. Tobias Adrian and Hyun Song Shin (2010), 'Liquidity and Leverage', Journal of Financial Intermediation, 19 (3), July, 418-37 -- 36. Andrei Shleifer and Robert Vishny (2011), ' Fire Sales in Finance and Macroeconomics', Journal of Economic Perspectives, 25 (1), Winter, 29-48 -- 37. Luc Laeven and Fabián Valencia (2013), 'The Real Effects of Financial Sector Interventions During Crises', Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 45 (1), February, 147-77 -- 38. Emilios Avgouleas, Charles Goodhart and Dirk Schoenmaker (2013), 'Bank Resolution Plans as a Catalyst for Global Financial Reform', Journal of Financial Stability, 9 (2), June, 210-18
    Abstract: "Banks have a special position in the financial system. Their exclusive link to the central bank puts them at the top of the financial system and enables banks to offer liquidity to the wider economy. They also provide loans and payment services to firms and households. This multifaceted nature of banking makes the economics of banking exciting. Together with an original introduction by the editor, this collection assembles the best 'banking' papers on all these dimensions and will be invaluable for all banking scholars and practitioners"--
    Note: The recommended readings are available in the print version, or may be available via the link to your library's holdings , Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9781785369155
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (352 p) , ill
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Series Statement: ADBI series on Asian economic integration and cooperation
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The Asian "poverty miracle"
    DDC: 339.4/6
    RVK:
    Keywords: Armut ; Einkommensverteilung ; Asien ; Poverty ; Electronic books ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Asien ; Armut ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Einkommensverteilung ; Messung
    Abstract: Introduction / Jacques Silber and Guanghua Wan -- 1. An Asian poverty line? issues and options / Stephan Klasen -- 2. A poverty line contingent on reference groups: implications for the extent of poverty in some Asian countries / Satya R. Chakravarty, Nachiketa Chattopadhyay, and Jacques Silber -- 3. Concepts and measurement of vulnerability to poverty and other issues: a review of literature / Tomoki Fujii -- 4. Measuring the impact of vulnerability on the number of poor: a new methodology with empirical illustrations / Satya R. Chakravarty, Nachiketa Chattopadhyay, Jacques Silber, and Guanghua Wan -- 5. Climate change and vulnerability to poverty: an empirical investigation in rural Indonesia / Tomoki Fujii -- 6. Measuring multidimensional poverty in three Southeast Asian countries using ordinal variables / Valérie Bérenger -- 7. Poverty and nutrition: a case study of rural households in Thailand and Viet Nam / Hermann Waibel and Lena Hohfeld -- 8. Poverty and ethnicity in Asian countries / Carlos Gradín.
    Abstract: Following rapid economic growth in recent decades, Asia and the Pacific experienced an impressive reduction in extreme poverty, but this drop was not uniform and achievements are still incomplete. Vulnerability to natural disasters, the increasing impact of climate change and economic crises should all be taken into account. There is also a need to consider the multidimensional nature of poverty and the non-uniformity of the decrease across different ethnic groups. This book explores the Asian 'poverty miracle' and argues for the development and use of an Asia-specific poverty line. This is a timely and multidimensional assessment of the much-neglected issues of, and links between, poverty, vulnerability, and ethnicity in Asia. It will be of great interest to lecturers and researchers of Asian development and economics, along with policy makers, public and private institutions, NGOs, and international aid agencies
    Note: Contributors include: V. Berenger, S.R. Chakravarty, N. Chattopadhyay, T. Fujii, C. Gradín, L. Hohfeld, S. Klasen, J. Silber, H. Waibel, G. Wan , Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9781464804410
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (164 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: World Development Indicators
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Education ; GDP ; Gender ; GNI ; Growth ; Income classification ; Infrastructure ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Malnutrition ; MDGs ; Population ; Poverty ; Trade
    Abstract: World Development Indicators 2015 provides a compilation of relevant, highquality, and internationally comparable statistics about global development and the fight against poverty. It is intended to help policymakers, students, analysts, professors, program managers, and citizens find and use data related to all aspects of development, including those that help monitor progress toward the World Bank Group's two goals of ending poverty and promoting shared prosperity. Six themes are used to organize indicators-world view, people, environment, economy, states and markets, and global links. As in past editions, World Development Indicators reviews global progress toward the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and provides key indicators related to poverty. WDI 2015 includes: * A selection of the most popular indicators across 214 economies and 14 country groups organized into six WDI themes * Thematic and regional highlights, providing an overview of global development trends * An in-depth review of the progress made toward achieving the Millennium Development Goals * A user guide describing resources available online and on mobile apps A complementary online data analysis tool is available this year to allow readers to further investigate global, regional, and country progress on the MDGs: data.worldbank.org/mdgs. Each of the remaining sections includes an introduction; six stories highlighting specific global, regional or country trends; and a table of the most relevant and popular indicators for that theme, together with a discussion of indicator compilation methodology. WDI DataFinder Mobile App Download the WDI DataFinder Mobile App and other Data Apps at data.worldbank.org/apps. WDI DataFinder is a mobile app for browsing the current WDI database on smartphones and tablets, using iOS, Android, and Blackberry, available in four languages: English, French, Spanish, and Chinese. Use the app to: * browse data using the structure of the WDI * visually compare countries and indicators * create, edit, and save customized tables, charts, and maps * share what you create on Twitter, Facebook, and via email
    Note: Description based on print version record
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9781464802911
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (68 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Commitment to equity ; Equity ; Fiscal policy ; Human opportunity index ; Inequality ; Poverty ; Shared prosperity
    Abstract: In 2012, the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region continued its successful drive to reduce poverty and build the middle class. Poverty reduction was accompanied by strong income growth of the bottom 40 percent of the population, the World Bank's indicator of shared prosperity. However, the recent economic slowdown and stagnation in inequality decline suggest that future social gains may be more difficult to achieve. Given the modest prospects ahead, the region's poverty reduction strategy needs to focus on restoring growth and preserving macroeconomic stability, while reinforcing the ability of less advantaged groups to participate in and contribute to growth. This report assesses two relevant policy areas: equity of fiscal policy and equal access to basic goods and services for children that open the opportunity for them to lead lives of their choosing. Drawing on results from the Commitment to Equity project, the report shows that fiscal policy remains an underused instrument in terms of level and incidence of taxation and spending. The Human Opportunity Index underscores that opportunities are expanding for children in the region, but large gaps remain in access and quality
    Note: Description based on print version record
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Pub. Ltd
    ISBN: 9781784716424
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 v) , cm
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Trade and inequality
    RVK:
    Keywords: Außenhandel ; Soziale Ungleichheit ; Industrieökonomik ; Mikroökonomik ; Heterodoxe Ökonomik ; Free trade ; Income distribution ; Electronic books ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Quelle ; Welthandel ; Soziale Ungleichheit
    Abstract: This volume brings together the most influential theoretical and empirical contributions to the topic of trade and inequality from recent years. Segregating it into four key areas, the collection forms a comprehensive study of the subject, targeted at academic readers familiar with the main trade models and empirical methods used in economics. The first two parts cover empirical evidence on trade and inequality in developed and developing countries, while the third and fourth sections confront transition dynamics following trade liberalization and new theoretical contributions inspired by the previously-discussed empirical evidence, respectively. Presented with an extensive original introduction by the editor, Trade and Inequality will be an invaluable tool in the study of this field to advanced undergraduate students, graduate students and faculty alike
    Abstract: Elhanan Helpman, Oleg Itskhoki, Stephen Redding (2010), 'Inequality and Unemployment in a Global Economy' -- Pol Antràs, Luis Garicano and Esteban Rossi-Hansberg (2006), 'Offshoring in a Knowledge Economy' -- Arnaud Costinot, Jonathan Vogel and Su Wang (2012), 'Global Supply Chains and Wage Inequality'
    Abstract: Recommended readings (Machine generated): Adrian Wood (1995), 'How Trade Hurt Unskilled Workers' -- Amit Khandelwal (2010), 'The Long and Short (of) Quality Ladders' -- David H. Autor, David Dorn and Gordon H. Hanson (2013), 'The China Syndrome: Local Labor Market Effects of Import Competition in the United States' -- Robert C. Feenstra and Gordon H. Hanson (1999), 'The Impact of Outsourcing and High-Technology Capital on Wages: Estimates for the United States, 1979-1990' -- David Hummels, Rasmus Jørgensen, Jakob Munch and Chong Xiang (2014), 'The Wage Effects of Offshoring: Evidence from Danish Matched Worker-Firm Data' -- Maarten Goos, Alan Manning and Anna Salomons (2014), 'Explaining Job Polarization: Routine-Biased Technological Change and Offshoring' -- Orazio Attanasio, Pinelopi K. Goldberg and Nina Pavcnik (2004), 'Trade Reforms and Wage Inequality in Colombia' -- Guido G. Porto (2006), 'Using Survey Data to Assess the Distributional Effects of Trade Policy' -- Pinelopi Koujianou Goldberg and Nina Pavcnik (2005), 'Trade, Wages, and the Political Economy of Trade Protection: Evidence from the Colombian Trade Reforms' -- Petia Topalova (2010), 'Factor Immobility and Regional Impacts of Trade Liberalization: Evidence on Poverty from India' -- Brian K. Kovak (2013), 'Regional Effects of Trade Reform: What Is the Correct Measure of Liberalization?' -- Pinelopi Koujianou Goldberg and Nina Pavcnik (2003), 'The Response of the Informal Sector to Trade Liberalization' -- Eric A. Verhoogen (2008), 'Trade, Quality Upgrading and Wage Inequality in the Mexican Manufacturing Sector' -- Irene Brambilla, Daniel Lederman and Guido Porto (2012), 'Exports, Export Destinations, and Skills' -- Brian McCaig (2011), 'Exporting Out of Poverty: Provincial Poverty in Vietnam and U.S. Market Access' -- Erhan Artuç, Shubham Chaudhuri and John McLaren (2010), 'Trade Shocks and Labor Adjustment: A Structural Empirical Approach' -- Rafael Dix-Carneiro (2014), 'Trade Liberalization and Labor Market Dynamics' -- Gueorgui Kambourov (2009), 'Labour Market Regulations and the Sectoral Reallocation of Workers: The Case of Trade Reforms' -- Arnaud Costinot and Jonathan Vogel (2010), 'Matching and Inequality in the World Economy'
    Note: The recommended readings are available in the print version, or may be available via the link to your library's holdings
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 9781464800221
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: South Asia Development Matters
    DDC: 339.4/60954
    Keywords: Equality ; Poverty ; Equality ; Poverty ; Equality ; Poverty ; South Asia ; South Asia ; South Asia Economic conditions ; South Asia Social conditions ; South Asia Economic conditions ; South Asia Social conditions
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9781464802416
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Directions in development
    DDC: 339.4/6098090511
    Keywords: Global Financial Crisis, 2008-2009 ; Poverty ; Poverty ; Global Financial Crisis, 2008-2009 ; Poverty ; Poverty ; Global Financial Crisis, 2008-2009 ; Poverty ; Poverty ; Caribbean Area ; Latin America ; Caribbean Area Economic conditions 21st century ; Latin America Economic conditions 21st century ; Caribbean Area Economic conditions 21st century ; Latin America Economic conditions 21st century
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9781464801990
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank studies
    DDC: 305.50962
    Keywords: Equality ; Income distribution ; Poverty
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Pub. Ltd
    ISBN: 9781784713065
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 v) , cm
    Series Statement: Elgar research reviews in economics
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Measuring WTO's contributions to global economic welfare
    RVK:
    Keywords: World Trade Organization ; Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights ; WTO-Recht ; WTO-Verhandlungen ; WTO-Mitgliedschaft ; Wohlfahrtsanalyse ; Messung ; Entwicklungsländer ; Welt ; International economic relations ; International trade ; Intellectual property (International law) Economic aspects ; Free trade ; Foreign trade regulation Economic aspects ; Electronic books
    Abstract: At a time when political leaders of the member nations are not acting to strengthen the multilateral trading system via the World Trade Organization, it is worthwhile to reflect on the WTO's contributions to global welfare since its inception more than 65 years ago. This volume assembles seminal empirical studies which estimate the past and prospective, national and global economic welfare impacts of GATT/WTO-induced multilateral trade liberalizations. It also touches on the effects of the Uruguay Round's TRIPS Agreement on intellectual property rights, and the benefits from WTO accessions and trade facilitation initiatives. In his authoritative introduction, Professor Anderson points to the numerous additional contributions of the WTO (and its predecessor, the GATT) which, though difficult to quantify, are nonetheless of great value and highlights those areas where further empirical research could shed more light on the net benefits of this important institution
    Abstract: Bagwell, Kyle, Petros C. Mavroidis and Robert W. Staiger (2007), 'Auctioning Countermeasures in the WTO', Journal of International Economics 73: 309-332 -- Bagwell, Kyle and Robert W. Staiger (1999), 'An Economic Theory of GATT', American Economic Review 89(1): 215-48, March -- Bagwell, Kyle and Robert W. Staiger (2002), The Economics of the World Trading System, Cambridge MA: MIT Press -- Bairoch, Paul (1989), 'European Trade Policy, 1815-1914', Ch. 1 (pp. 1-60) in The Cambridge Economic History of Europe, Volume 8, edited by P. Mathias and S. Pollard, Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press -- Balassa, Bela (1965), 'Tariff Protection in Industrial Countries: An Evaluation', Journal of Political Economy 73(6): 573-94, December -- Balassa, Bela et al. (1967), Studies in Trade Liberalization, Baltimore MD: Johns Hopkins University Press -- Balassa, Bela et al. (1971), The Structure of Protection in Developing Countries, Baltimore MD: Johns Hopkins University Press -- Baldwin, Richard (2012), 'Global Supply Chains: Why They Emerged, Why They Matter, and Where They Are Going', CEPR Discussion Paper 9103, London, August -- Barber, C. L. (1955), 'Canadian Tariff Policy', Canadian Journal of Economics 21: 513-30, November -- Beghin, John C. and Jean-Christophe Bureau (2001), 'Quantitative Policy Analysis of Sanitary, Phytosanitary and Technical Barriers to Trade', Economie Internationale 87(3): 107-30 -- Bernard, Andrew B., J. Bradford Jensen, Stephen J. Redding and Peter K. Schott (2012), 'The Empirics of Firm Heterogeneity and International Trade', Annual Review of Economics 4: 283-313 -- Bhagwati, Jagdish N. (1971), 'The Generalized Theory of Distortions and Welfare', pp. 69-90 in Trade, Balance of Payments and Growth: Papers in Honor of Charles P. Kindleberger, edited by Jagdish N. Bhagwati, Ronald W. Jones, Robert A. Mundell and Jaroslav Vanek, Amsterdam: North-Holland -- Bhattasali, Deepak, Shantong Li and Will Martin (eds.) (2004), China and the WTO: Accession, Policy Reform and Poverty Reduction, London and New York: Oxford University Press -- Blackhurst, Richard (1991), 'Strengthening GATT Surveillance of Trade-Related Policies', pp. 123-55 in The New GATT Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations, 2nd Edition, edited by M. Hilf and E.-U. Petersmann, Deventer: Kluwer -- Borchert, Ingo, Batshur Gootiiz and Aaditya Mattoo (2012), 'Policy Barriers to International Trade in Services: Evidence from a New Database', Policy Research Working Paper 6109, World Bank, Washington DC, June -- Boue͏̈t, Antionne and David Laborde (2010), 'Assessing the Potential Cost of a Failed Doha Round', World Trade Review 9(2): 319-51 -- Boumellassa, Hossein, David Laborde and Cristina Mitaritonna (2009), 'A Picture of Tariff Protection across the World in 2004: MAcMap-HS6, Version 2', CEPII Working Paper 2009-22, Paris, and IFPRI Discussion Paper No. 00903, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC, October -- Bown, Chad P. (2004), 'On the Economic Success of GATT/WTO Dispute Settlement', Review of Economics and Statistics 86(3): 811-23 -- Bown, Chad P. (ed.) (2006), The WTO, Safeguards, and Temporary Protection from Imports, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton MA: Edward Elgar Publishing
    Abstract: Brandt, Loren, Johannes Van Biesebroeck, Luhang Wang and Yifan Zhang (2012), 'WTO Accession and Performance of Chinese Manufacturing Firms', Discussion Paper 9166, Centre for Economic Policy Research, London, October -- Braga, C. A. Primo and Olivier Cattaneo (eds.) (2009), The WTO and Accession Countries (two volumes), Cheltenham, UK and Northampton MA: Edward Elgar Publishing -- Broda, Christian, Nuno Limão and David E. Weinstein (2008), 'Optimal Tariffs and Market Power: The Evidence', American Economic Review 98(5): 2032-65, December -- Brown, Drusilla K. and Robert M. Stern (eds.) (2007), The WTO and Labor and Employment, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton MA: Edward Elgar Publishing -- Bulmer-Thomas, Victor (1994), The Economic History of Latin America Since Independence, Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press -- Busch, Marc L. and Edward D. Mansfield (eds.) (2007), The WTO, Economic Interdependence, and Conflict, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton MA: Edward Elgar Publishing -- Bütler, Monika and Heinz Hauser (2000), 'The WTO Dispute Settlement System: A First Assessment from an Economic Perspective', Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 16(2): 503-33, October -- Carmody, A. T. (1952), 'The Level of the Australian Tariff: A Study in Method', Yorkshire Bulletin of Economic and Social Research 4(1): 53-65 -- Chisik, Richard (2003), 'Gradualism in Free Trade Agreements: A Theoretical Justification', Journal of International Economics 59: 367-97 -- Clemens, Michael A. and Jeffrey G. Williamson (2010), 'Endogenous Tariffs and Growth: Asia versus Latin America, 1870-1940', mimeo, Harvard University, Cambridge MA, June -- Cooter, Robert D. (1997), 'The Rule of State Law versus the Rule-of-Law State: Economic Analysis of the Legal Foundations of Development', pp. 191-218 in Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics 1996, edited by Michael Bruno and Boris Pleskovic, Washington DC: World Bank -- Copeland, Brian R. and M. Scott Taylor (2003), Trade and the Environment: Theory and Evidence, Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press -- Corden, W. Max (1963), 'The Tariff', pp. 174-214 in The Economics of Australian Industry, edited by Alex Hunter, Melbourne: Melbourne University Press -- Corden, W. Max (1971), The Theory of Protection, Oxford: Clarendon Press -- Corden, W. Max (1974), Trade Policy and Economic Welfare, (revised edition 1997), Oxford: Clarendon Press -- Corden, W. Max (1975), 'The Costs and Consequences of Protection: A Survey of Empirical Work', pp. 51-91 in International Trade and Finance: Frontiers for Research, edited by Peter Kenen, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press -- Crawford, John G. (1934), 'Tariff Level Indices', Economic Record 10: 213-21, December -- Croser, Johanna L. and Kym Anderson (2011), 'Changing Contributions of Different Agricultural Policy Instruments to Global Reductions in Trade and Welfare', World Trade Review 10(3): 297-323, July -- Croser, Johanna L., Peter J. Lloyd and Kym Anderson (2010), 'How Do Agricultural Policy Restrictions to Global Trade and Welfare Differ across Commodities?' American Journal of Agricultural Economics 92(3): 698-712, April
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    Abstract: Guimbard, Houssein, Sébastien Jean, Mondher Mimouni and Xavier Pichot (2012), 'MAcMap-HS6 2007, an Exhaustive and Consistent Measure of Applied Protection in 2007', Ch. 10B in Global Trade, Assistance, and Production: The GTAP 8 Data Base, edited by Badri Narayanan, Angel Aguiar and Robert McDougall, West Lafayette IN: Center for Global Trade Analysis, Purdue University -- Hamilton, Bob and John Whalley (1984), 'Efficiency and Distributional Implications of Global Restrictions on Labor Mobility', Journal of Development Economics 14: 61-75 -- Harrison, Glenn W., Thomas F. Rutherford and David G. Tarr (1996), 'Quantifying the Uruguay Round', Ch. 8 in The Uruguay Round and the Developing Countries, edited by Will Martin and L. Alan Winters, Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press -- Henson, Spencer and John S. Wilson (eds.) (2005), The WTO and Technical Barriers to Trade, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton MA: Edward Elgar Publishing -- Herz, Bernhard and Marco Wagner (2011), 'The "Real" Impact of GATT/WTO: A Generalized Approach', The World Economy 34(6): 1014-41, June -- Hoekman, Bernard (1996), 'Assessing the General Agreement on Trade in Services', Ch. 4 in The Uruguay Round and the Developing Countries, edited by Will Martin and L. Alan Winters, Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press -- Hoekman, Bernard (ed.) (2012), The WTO and Trade in Services (two volumes), Cheltenham, UK and Northampton MA: Edward Elgar Publishing -- Hoekman, Bernard, Will Martin and Carlos Braga (eds.) (2009), Trade Preference Erosion: Measurement and Policy Response, London: Palgrave MacMillan and Washington DC: World Bank -- Hoekman, Bernard, and Çağlar Özden (eds.) (2006), Trade Preferences and Differential Treatment of Developing Countries, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton MA: Edward Elgar Publishing -- Horn, Henrik and Petros C. Mavroidis (2001), 'Economic and Legal Aspects of the Most-Favored Nation Clause', European Journal of Political Economy 17: 233-79 -- Horn, Henrik and Petros C. Mavroidis (2011), WTO Dispute Settlement Dataset and Users' Guide, updated November at www.worldbank.org/trade/wtodisputes -- Hummels, David L., Volodymyr Lugovskyy and Alexandre Skiba (2009), 'The Trade Reducing Effects of Market Power in International Shipping', Journal of Development Economics 89(1): 84-97 -- Hummels, David L. and Georg Schaur (2013), 'Time as a Trade Barrier', American Economic Review 103(7): 2935-59, December -- Ikenson, D. (2008), 'While Doha Sleeps: Securing Economic Growth through Trade Facilitation', Trade Policy Analysis No. 37, Washington DC: Cato Institute -- Irwin, Douglas A. (1995a), 'The GATT in Historical Perspective', American Economic Review 85(2): 323-28, May -- Irwin, Douglas A. (1995b), 'The GATT's Contribution to Economic Recovery in Post-War Western Europe', Ch. 5, pp. 127-50 in Europe's Post-War Recovery, edited by Barry Eichengreen, Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press -- Irwin, Douglas A. (2010), 'Trade Restrictiveness and Deadweight Losses from U.S. Tariffs, 1859-1961', American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 2(3): 111-33, August -- James, Sallie and Kym Anderson (1998), 'On the Need for More Economic Assessment of Quarantine/SPS Policies', Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 42(4): 525-44, December -- Keesing, Donald B. (1998), Improving Trade Policy Reviews in the World Trade Organization, Washington DC: Institute for International Economics
    Abstract: Kym Anderson and Signe Nelgen (2011), 'What's the Appropriate Agricultural Protection Counterfactual for Trade Analysis?', in Will Martin and Aaditya Mattoo (eds), Unfinished Business? The WTO's Doha Agenda, Chapter 13, London: Centre for Economic Policy Research and the World Bank, 325-54 -- L. Alan Winters, Terrie L. Walmsley, Zhen Kun Wang and Roman Grynberg (2003), 'Liberalising Temporary Movement of Natural Persons: An Agenda for the Development Round', World Economy, 26 (8), August, 1137-61 -- Dominique van der Mensbrugghe (2009), 'The Doha Development Agenda and Preference Erosion: Modeling the Impacts', in Bernard Hoekman, Will Martin and Carlos A. Primo Braga (eds), Trade Preference Erosion: Measurement and Policy Response, Chapter 9, London: Palgrave-Macmillan and Washington, DC: World Bank, 357-99 -- Andrew K. Rose (2004), 'Do We Really Know That the WTO Increases Trade?', American Economic Review, 94 (1), March, 98-114 -- Arvind Subramanian and Shang-Jin Wei (2007), 'The WTO Promotes Trade, Strongly but Unevenly', Journal of International Economics, 72 (1), May, 151-75 -- Michael Tomz, Judith L. Goldstein and Douglas Rivers (2007), 'Do We Really Know That the WTO Increases Trade? Comment', American Economic Review, 97 (5), December, 2005-2018 -- Andrew K. Rose (2007), 'Do We Really Know That the WTO Increases Trade? Reply', American Economic Review, 97 (5), December, 2019-25 -- Jason H. Grant and Kathryn A. Boys (2012), 'Agricultural Trade and the GATT/WTO: Does Membership Make a Difference?', American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 94 (1), January, 1-24 -- Pao-Li Chang and Myoung-Jae Lee (2011), 'The WTO Trade Effect', Journal of International Economics, 85 (1), September, 53-71 -- Zdenek Drabek and Marc Bacchetta (2004), 'Tracing the Effects of WTO Accession on Policy-Making in Sovereign States: Preliminary Lessons from the Recent Experience of Transition Countries', World Economy, 27 (7), July, 1083-125 -- Elena Ianchovichina and Will Martin (2004), 'Impacts of China's Accession to the World Trade Organization', World Bank Economic Review, 18 (1), 3-27 -- Thomas F. Rutherford and David G. Tarr (2008), 'Poverty Effects of Russia's WTO Accession: Modeling "Real" Households with Endogenous Productivity Effects', Journal of International Economics, 75 (1), May, 131-50 -- Man-Keung Tang and Shang-Jin Wei (2009), 'The Value of Making Commitments Externally: Evidence from WTO Accessions', Journal of International Economics, 78 (2), July, 216-29 -- Kyle Bagwell and Robert W. Staiger (2011), 'What Do Trade Negotiators Negotiate About? Empirical Evidence from the World Trade Organization', American Economic Review, 101 (4), June, 1238-73 -- Bernard Hoekman and Alessandro Nicita (2011), 'Trade Policy, Trade Costs, and Developing Country Trade', World Development, 39 (12), December, 2069-79 -- J. Michael Finger (2008), 'Trade Facilitation: The Role of a WTO Agreement', ECIPE Working Paper, No. 01/2008, Brussels: European Centre for International Political Economy, 1-42
    Abstract: Laborde, David, Will Martin and Dominique van der Mensbrugghe (2011), 'Measuring the Benefits of Global Trade Reform with Optimal Aggregators of Distortions', Policy Research Working Paper 5665, World Bank, Washington DC, May -- Laird, Sam (1997), 'Quantifying Commercial Policies', Ch. 2, pp. 27-75 in Applied Methods for Trade Policy Analysis: A Handbook, edited by Joseph F. Francois and Kenneth A. Reinert, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press -- Laird, Sam (1999), 'The WTO's Trade Policy Review Mechanism - From Through the Looking Glass', The World Economy 22(6): 741-64, August -- League of Nations (1927), Tariff Level Indices, Geneva: League of Nations -- Lerner, Abba (1936), 'The Symmetry between Import and Export Taxes', Economica 3(11): 306-13, August -- Li, David and Changqi Wu (2004), 'GATT/WTO Accession and Productivity', Ch. 4, pp. 109-48 in Growth and Productivity in East Asia, edited by Takatoshi Ito and Andrew Rose, Chicago: University of Chicago Press for the NBER -- Liepmann, Heinrich (1938), Tariff Levels and the Economic Unity of Europe, London: Allen and Unwin -- Little, Ian M.D., Tibor Scitovsky and Maurice Scott (1970), Industry and Trade in Some Developing Countries: A Comparative Study, London: Oxford University Press -- Liu, Xuepeng (2009), 'GATT/WTO Promotes Trade Strongly: Sample Selection and Model Specification', Review of International Economics 17(3): 428-46 -- Lloyd, Peter J. (1974), 'A More General Theory of Price Distortions in an Open Economy', Journal of International Economics 4(4): 365-86, November -- Lloyd, Peter J. (2008), '100 Years of Tariff Protection in Australia', Australian Economic History Review 48(2): 99-145, July -- Lloyd, Peter J., Johanna L. Croser and Kym Anderson (2010), 'Global Distortions to Agricultural Markets: New Indicators of Trade and Welfare Impacts, 1960 to 2007', Review of Development Economics 14(2): 141-60, May -- Loveday, A. (1929), 'The Measurement of Tariff Levels', Journal of the Royal Statistical Society 92(4): 487-529 -- Maddison, Angus (2008), Historical Statistics of the World Economy: 1-2008 AD, available at http://www.ggdc.net/maddison/ -- Maizels, Alfred (1963), Industrial Growth and World Trade, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press -- Markusen, James R. (1983), 'Factor Movements and Commodity Trade as Complements', Journal of International Economics 13: 341-56 -- Martin, Will and Aaditya Mattoo (eds.) (2011), Unfinished Business? The WTO's Doha Agenda, London: Centre for Economic Policy Research for the World Bank -- Martin, Will and L. Alan Winters (eds.) (1996), The Uruguay Round and the Developing Countries, Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press -- Maskus, Keith E. (2002), 'Benefitting from Intellectual Property Protection', Ch. 36, pp. 369-81 in Development, Trade and the WTO: A Handbook, edited by Bernard Hoekman, Aaditya Mattoo and Philip English, Washington DC: World Bank
    Abstract: Maskus, Keith E. (ed.) (2004), The WTO, Intellectual Property Rights and the Knowledge Economy, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton MA: Edward Elgar Publishing -- Maskus, Keith E. (2012), Private Rights and Public Problems: The Global Economics of Intellectual Property in the 21st Century, Washington DC: Peterson Institute for International Economics -- Maskus, Keith E. and John S. Wilson (eds.) (2001), Quantifying the Impact of Technical Barriers to Trade: Can It Be Done? Ann Arbor MI: University of Michigan Press -- Maur, Jena-Christophe and John S. Wilson (eds.) (2010), Trade Costs and Facilitation: Open Trade and Economic Development, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton MA: Edward Elgar Publishing -- Mavroidis, Petros and Alan Sykes (eds.) (2005), The WTO and International Trade Law/Dispute Settlement, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton MA: Edward Elgar Publishing -- McCalman, Phillip (2005a), 'Who Enjoys "TRIPs" Abroad? An Empirical Analysis of Intellectual Property Rights in the Uruguay Round', Canadian Journal of Economics 38(2): 574-603, May -- McCalman, Phillip (2005b), 'International Diffusion and Intellectual Property Rights: An Empirical Analysis', Journal of International Economics 67(2): 353-72, December -- Meade, James (1955), Trade and Welfare, London: Oxford University Press -- Melitz, Marc J. (2003), 'The Impact of Trade on Intra-Industry Reallocations and Aggregate Industry Productivity', Econometrica 71(6): 1695-725 -- Michaely, Michael (1977), Theory of Commercial Policy, Oxford: Philip Allan -- Milton, Giles (1999), Nathaniel's Nutmeg, London: Sceptre (Hodder and Stoughton) -- Mundell, Robert A. (1957), 'International Trade and Factor Mobility', American Economic Review 47: 321-35 -- OECD (2013), Producer and Consumer Support Estimates, OECD Database 1986-2012, at www.oecd.org/agriculture/pse -- Orden, David, David Blandford and Tim Josling (eds.) (2011), WTO Disciplines on Agricultural Support: Seeking a Fair Basis for Trade, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press -- Pietras, Jaroslaw (1998), 'The Role of the WTO for Economies in Transition', Ch. 13, pp. 353-64 in The WTO as an International Organization, edited by Anne O. Krueger, Chicago: University of Chicago Press -- Porto, Guido and Bernard Hoekman (eds.) (2010), Trade Adjustment Costs in Developing Countries: Impacts, Determinants and Policy Responses, London: CEPR and Washington DC: World Bank -- Primo Braga, Carlos A. and Olivier Cattaneo (2010), The WTO and Accession Economies (2 volumes), Cheltenham, UK and Northampton MA: Edward Elgar Publishing -- Qian, Yi (2007), 'Do National Patent Laws Stimulate Domestic Innovation in a Global Patenting Environment? A Cross Country Analysis of Pharmaceutical Patent Protection, 1978-2002', Review of Economics and Statistics 89(3): 436-53, August -- Rose, Andrew K. (2004), 'Do WTO Members Have More Liberal Trade Policy?' Journal of International Economics 63(2): 209-35, July
    Abstract: Recommended readings (Machine generated): Anderson, James E. (2009), 'Consistent Trade Policy Aggregation', International Economic Review 50(3): 903-27 -- Anderson, James E. and J. Peter Neary (1994), 'Measuring the Restrictiveness of Trade Policy', World Bank Economic Review 8(2): 151-70, May -- Anderson, James E. and J. Peter Neary (2005), Measuring the Restrictiveness of International Trade Policy, Cambridge MA: MIT Press -- Anderson, James E. and Eric van Wincoop (2003), 'Gravity without Gravitas: A Solution to the Border Puzzle', American Economic Review 93(1): 268-94, March -- Anderson, James and Eric van Wincoop (2004), 'Trade Costs', Journal of Economic Literature 42(3): 691-751, September -- Anderson, Kym (1992), 'The Standard Welfare Economics of Policies Affecting Trade and the Environment', Ch. 2, pp. 25-48 in The Greening of World Trade Issues, edited by Kym Anderson and Richard Blackhurst, London: Harvester-Wheatsheaf and Ann Arbor MI: University of Michigan Press -- Anderson, Kym (2002), 'Peculiarities of Retaliation in WTO Dispute Settlement', World Trade Review 1(2): 123-34, July -- Anderson, Kym (2003), 'Measuring Effects of Trade Policy Distortions: How Far Have We Come?' The World Economy 26(4): 413-40, April -- Anderson, Kym (2013), 'Trade Barriers and Subsidies: Multilateral and Regional Reform Opportunities', Ch. 12 (pp. 673-98) in Global Problems, Smart Solutions, edited by B. Lomborg, Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press -- Anderson, Kym and Yujiro Hayami (1986), The Political Economy of Agricultural Protection: East Asia in International Perspective, Boston, London and Sydney: Allen and Unwin -- Anderson, Kym and Bernard Hoekman (eds.) (2005), The WTO's Core Rules and Disciplines (two volumes), Cheltenham, UK and Northampton MA: Edward Elgar Publishing -- Anderson, Kym and Tim Josling (eds.) (2005), The WTO and Agriculture (two volumes), Cheltenham, UK and Northampton MA: Edward Elgar Publishing -- Anderson, Kym, Marianne Kurzweil, Will Martin, Damiano Sandri and Ernesto Valenzuela (2008), 'Measuring Distortions to Agricultural Incentives, Revisited', World Trade Review 7(4): 675-704 -- Anderson, Kym, Will Martin and Dominique van der Mensbrugghe (2013), 'Estimating Effects of Price-Distorting Policies Using Alternative Distortions Databases', Ch. 13 (pp. 877-931) in the Handbook of Computable General Equilibrium Modeling, Vol. 1B, edited by Peter Dixon and Dale Jorgenson, Amsterdam: Elsevier -- Anderson, Kym and Signe Nelgen (2013), Updated National and Global Estimates of Distortions to Agricultural Incentives, 1955 to 2011, Database at www.worldbank.org/agdistortions -- Anderson, Kym, Gordon Rausser and Johan F.M. Swinnen (2013), 'Political Economy of Public Policies: Insights from Distortions to Agricultural and Food Markets', Journal of Economic Literature 51(2): 423-77, June -- Anderson, Kym and Ernesto Valenzuela (2008), Global Estimates of Distortions to Agricultural Incentives, 1955 to 2007, Database at www.worldbank.org/agdistortions -- Anderson, Kym and L. Alan Winters (2009), 'The Challenge of Reducing International Trade and Migration Barriers', Ch. 8, pp. 451-503 in Global Crises, Global Solutions (2nd edition), edited by Bjorn Lomborg, Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press -- Arvis, Jean-François, Monica A. Mustra, Lauri Ojala, Ben Shepherd and Daniel Saslavsky (2012), Connecting to Compete: Trade Logistics in the Global Economy, Washington DC: World Bank. www.worldbank.org/lpi
    Abstract: Rose, Andrew K. (2010), 'The Effect of Membership in the GATT/WTO on Trade: Where Do We Stand?' Ch. 7, pp. 195-216 in Is the World Trade Organization Attractive Enough for Emerging Economies, edited by Zdenek Drabek, London: Palgrave Macmillan -- Rutherford, Thomas F. and David G. Tarr (2002), 'Trade Liberalization, Product Variety and Growth in a Small Open Economy: A Quantitative Assessment', Journal of International Economics 56(2): 247-72 -- Saggi, Kamal (2009), 'The MFN Clause, Welfare, and Multilateral Cooperation between Countries of Unequal Size', Journal of Development Economics 88(1): 132-43, January -- Sampson, Gary and John Whalley (eds.) (2005), The WTO, Trade and the Environment, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton MA: Edward Elgar Publishing -- Shepotylo, Oleksandr and David G. Tarr (2012), 'Impact of WTO Accession and the Customs Union on the Bound and Applied Tariff Rates of the Russian Federation', Policy Research Working Paper 6161, World Bank, Washington DC, August -- Snape, Richard H. (1969), 'Sugar: Costs of Protection and Taxation', Economica 36(141): 29-41, February -- Staiger, Robert and Guido Tabellini (1999), 'Do GATT Rules Help Governments Make Domestic Commitments?' Economics and Politics 11(2): 109-44 -- Swinnen, Johan F.M. (2010), 'Agricultural Protection Growth in Europe, 1870 to 1969', Ch. 6 in The Political Economy of Agricultural Price Distortions, edited by K. Anderson, Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press -- Swinnen, Johan F.M., Alessandro Olper and Thijs Vandemoortele (2012), 'Impact of the WTO on Agricultural and Food Policies', The World Economy 35(9): 1089-101, September -- Tyers, Rod and Kym Anderson (1986), Distortions in World Food Markets, Background Paper No. 22 for the World Development Report 1996, World Bank, Washington DC, January -- Tyers, Rod and Kym Anderson (1992), Disarray in World Food Markets: A Quantitative Assessment, Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press -- Valenzuela, Ernesto and Kym Anderson (2008), 'Alternative Agricultural Price Distortions for CGE Analysis of Developing Countries, 2004 and 1980-84', Research Memorandum No. 13, West Lafayette IN: Center for Global Trade Analysis, Purdue University, December. Freely downloadable at https://www.gtap.agecon.purdue.edu/resources/res_display.asp?RecordID=2925 -- Valenzuela, Ernesto, Dominique van der Mensbrugghe and Kym Anderson (2009), 'General Equilibrium Effects of Price Distortions on Global Markets, Farm Incomes and Welfare', Ch. 13 in Distortions to Agricultural Incentives: A Global Perspective, 1955-2007, edited by Kym Anderson, London: Palgrave Macmillan and Washington DC: World Bank -- Venables, Anthony J. (2004), 'Small, Remote and Poor', World Trade Review 3(3): 453-7, November -- Vernon, James et al. (1965), Report on a Committee of Economic Enquiry (two volumes), Canberra: Commonwealth Government Printing Office -- Whalley, John (1985), Trade Liberalization among Major World Trading Areas, Cambridge MA: MIT Press -- Wilson, John S., Catherine L. Mann and Tsunehiro Otsuki (2003), 'Trade Facilitation and Economic Development: A New Approach to Quantifying the Impact', World Bank Economic Review 17(3): 367-89 -- Winters, L. Alan (ed.) (2007), The WTO and Income Inequality/Poverty (two volumes), Cheltenham, UK and Northampton MA: Edward Elgar Publishing -- Winters, L. Alan and Wendy E. Takacs (1991), 'Labour Adjustment Costs and British Footwear Protection', Oxford Economic Papers 43: 479-501
    Abstract: World Bank (2012), Doing Business 2013, Washington DC: World Bank, October. http://doingbusiness.org -- Woytinsky, W.S. and E.S. Woytinsky (1955), World Commerce and Governments: Trends and Outlook, New York: Twentieth Century Fund -- WTO (2008a), 'Revised Draft Modalities for Agriculture', TN/AG/W/4/Rev.4, World Trade Organization, Geneva, 6 December -- WTO (2008b), 'Draft Modalities for Non-Agricultural Market Access', TN/MA/W/103/Rev.3, World Trade Organization, Geneva, 6 December -- Bela Balassa (1971), 'Effective Protection: A Summary Appraisal', in Herbert G. Grubel and Harry G. Johnson (eds), Effective Tariff Protection: Proceedings of a Conference Sponsored by the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and the Graduate Institute of International Studies, Geneva, Switzerland, 17 to 20 December, Chapter 13, Geneva: GATT Secretariat and Graduate Institute of International Studies, 247-63 -- Kym Anderson (2010), 'Krueger, Schiff, and Valdés Revisited: Agricultural Price and Trade Policy Reform in Developing Countries since 1960', Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, 32 (2), Summer, 195-231 -- Hiau Looi Kee, Alessandro Nicita and Marcelo Olarreaga (2009), 'Estimating Trade Restrictiveness Indices', Economic Journal, 119 (534), January, 172-99 -- Tony Warren and Christopher Findlay (2000), 'Measuring Impediments to Trade in Services', in Pierre Sauvé and Robert Stern (eds), GATS 2000: New Directions in Services Trade Liberalization, Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 57-84 -- John B. Shoven and John Whalley (1992), 'Global Trade Models', in Applying General Equilibrium, Chapter 8, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 197-229, references -- K. Anderson and R. Tyers (1993), 'More on Welfare Gains to Developing Countries from Liberalizing World Food Trade', Journal of Agricultural Economics, 44 (2), 189-204 -- Joseph F. Francois, Bradley McDonald and Håkan Nordström (1996), 'The Uruguay Round: A Numerically Based Qualitative Assessment', in Will Martin and L. Alan Winters (eds), The Uruguay Round and the Developing Countries, Chapter 9, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 253-91 -- Phillip McCalman (2001), 'Reaping What You Sow: An Empirical Analysis of International Patent Harmonization', Journal of International Economics, 55 (1), October, 161-86 -- Shubham Chaudhuri, Pinelopi K. Goldberg and Panle Jia (2006), 'Estimating the Effects of Global Patent Protection in Pharmaceuticals: A Case Study of Quinolones in India', American Economic Review, 96 (5), December, 1477-514 -- Dominique van der Mensbrugghe (2006), 'Estimating the Benefits of Trade Reform: Why Numbers Change', in Richard Newfarmer (ed.), Trade, Doha, and Development: A Window into the Issues, Chapter 4, Washington, DC: World Bank, 59-75 -- Joseph F. Francois and Will Martin (2010), 'Ex Ante Assessment of the Welfare Impacts of Trade Reforms with Numerical Models', in Hamid Beladi and E. Kwan Choi (eds), Frontiers of Economics and Globalization Series, Volume 7: New Developments in Computable General Equilibrium Analysis for Trade Policy, Chapter 13, London: Emerald Group Publishing, 379-434 -- Edward J. Balistreri, Russell H. Hillberry and Thomas F. Rutherford (2011), 'Structural Estimation and Solution of International Trade Models with Heterogeneous Firms', Journal of International Economics, 83 (2), March, 95-108 -- Joseph Francois, Hans van Meijl and Frank van Tongeren (2005), 'Trade Liberalization in the Doha Development Round', Economic Policy, 20 (42), April, 349, 351-91 -- Kym Anderson, Will Martin and Dominique van der Mensbrugghe (2006), 'Doha Merchandise Trade Reform: What Is at Stake for Developing Countries?', World Bank Economic Review, 20 (2), 169-95 -- David Laborde, Will Martin and Dominique van der Mensbrugghe (2011), 'Potential Real Income Effects of Doha Reforms', in Will Martin and Aaditya Mattoo (eds), Unfinished Business? The WTO's Doha Agenda, Chapter 10, London: Centre for Economic Policy Research and the World Bank, 255-75
    Note: The recommended readings are available in the print version, or may be available via the link to your library's holdings
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  • 10
    ISBN: 9780821399064
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xviii, 185 pages) , illustrations , 23 cm
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Human development perspectives
    DDC: 362.1
    Keywords: Developing Countries ; Health Behavior ; Health Status Indicators ; Poverty ; Public Health ; Risk Factors ; Risk-Taking ; Social Problems ; Developing Countries ; Health Behavior ; Health Status Indicators ; Poverty ; Public Health ; Risk Factors ; Risk-Taking ; Social Problems
    Description / Table of Contents: Overview of prevalence and trends of risky behaviors by region in the developing worldDeterminants of risky behavior -- The consequences of risky behavior -- Targeting risky behaviors using non-price interventions/legislation, information and education -- Using economic mechanisms to reduce risky behaviors : tax policy and other incentives.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821389683 , 9780821394618
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (p. cm)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Directions in development
    DDC: 361.6
    Keywords: Economic development projects ; Poverty Government policy ; Public works ; Economic development projects ; Poverty Government policy ; Public works ; Economic development projects ; Poverty ; Public works ; Government policy
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9780821395646 , 9780821395653
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (p. cm)
    DDC: 305.2310951
    Keywords: Child development ; Child welfare ; Children Social conditions ; Children ; Poverty
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Pub. Ltd
    ISBN: 9781784710316
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 v) , cm
    Series Statement: Elgar research reviews in economics
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Theories of money and banking
    DDC: 332.01
    Keywords: Banks and banking ; Money ; Electronic books
    Abstract: 'Randall Wray's two volumes provide a bright beacon in a darkening night of turmoil, confusion and ignorance. By bringing together classics from both the mainstream and heterodox approaches to monetary theory and policy, Wray provides a fundamental resource for the urgently needed rethink on how the interrelated world of monetary production economies functions or misfunctions, and also a basis for the development of a sound theory on how to erect effective policies for tackling major, potentially disastrous problems.'--Geoffrey Harcourt, University of New South Wales, Australia. This authoritative two-volume collection brings together the most important contributions to theories of money and banking written over the past century. Professor Wray covers a number of key topics including the historical debates about the nature of money, the role money and financial institutions play in the economy and monetary policy formation. A wide variety of approaches to money and banking are featured, among which are Monetarist, Keynesian, Marxian, Post-Keynesian and Institutionalist, and the New Monetary Consensus. Also included are a number of chapters presenting General Equilibrium, Chartalist or State Money, and Circuitiste views. In addition to the views of economists, this well-rounded set incorporates historical, sociological and anthropological approaches to money as well as theoretical topics such as interest rate, inflation rate, and exchange rate determination. This collection, along with an original introduction by the editor, will be of immense value to anyone with an interest in the field of money and banking
    Abstract: Heinsohn, Gunnar and Otto Steiger (1983), 'Private property, debts and interest, or the origin of money and the rise and fall of monetary economies', Studi Economici, 21, 3-56. -- Henry, John (2004), 'The social origins of money: the case of Egypt', in L.R. Wray (ed.), Credit and State Theories of Money: The Contributions of A. Mitchell Innes, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, pp. 79-98. -- Herlihy, David (1977), 'Family and property in Renaissance Florence', in Harry A. Miskimin, David Herlihy and A.L. Udovitch (eds), The Medieval City, New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press, pp. 3-24. -- Hudson, Michael (2004), 'The archaeology of money: debt versus barter theories of money's origins', in L.R. Wray (ed.), Credit and State Theories of Money: The Contributions of A. Mitchell Innes, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, pp. 99-127. -- Ingham, Geoffrey (2004), 'The emergence of capitalist credit money', in L.R. Wray (ed.), Credit and State Theories of Money: The Contributions of A. Mitchell Innes, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, pp. 173-222. -- Ingrao, Bruna and Giorgio Israel (1990), The Invisible Hand: Economic Equilibrium in the History of Science, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. -- Innes, A.M. (1914), 'The credit theory of money', Banking Law Journal, January, 151-68. -- Innes, A.M. (1913), 'What is money?', Banking Law Journal, May, 377-408. -- Keynes, John Maynard (1914), 'What is money?', Economic Journal, 24 (95), September, 419-21. -- Keynes, John Maynard (1964) The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money, Harcourt Brace, Jovanovich: New York and London 1964. -- Keynes, John Maynard (1971), The Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes, vol. V, ed. by Donald Moggridge, London and Basingstoke: Macmillan. -- Keynes, John Maynard ([1930] 1976), A Treatise on Money, vols I and II, New York: Harcourt, Brace & Co. -- Keynes, John Maynard (1979), The Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes, vol. XXIX, ed. by Donald Moggridge, London and Basingstoke: Macmillan. -- Keynes, John Maynard (1982), The Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes, vol. XXVIII, ed. by Donald Moggridge, London and Basingstoke: Macmillan. -- Keynes, John Maynard (1987), The Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes, vol. XIV, ed. by Donald Moggridge, London and Basingstoke: Macmillan. -- Knapp, Georg Friedrich ((1924) 1973), The State Theory of Money, Clifton: Augustus M. Kelley. -- Kraay, C.M. (1964), 'Hoards, small change and the origin of coinage', Journal of Hellenic Studies, 84, 76-91. -- Kregel, J.A. (1988), 'Historical introduction to bills of exchange in international finance', manuscript. -- Lane, Frederic C. (1977), 'The first infidelities of the Venetian lire', in Harry A. Miskimin, David Herlihy and A.L. Udovitch (eds), The Medieval City, New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press, pp. 43-63
    Abstract: Karl Brunner (1968), 'The Role of Money and Monetary Policy', Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review, 50 (7), July, 9-24 -- Milton Friedman (1968), 'The Role of Monetary Policy', American Economic Review, LVIII (1), March, 1-17 -- James Tobin (1963), 'Commercial Banks as Creators of "Money"', in Deane Carson (ed.), Monetary Studies, Chapter 22, Homewood, IL: Richard D. Irwin, 408-19 -- David Romer (2000), 'Keynesian Macroeconomics without the LM Curve', Journal of Economic Perspectives, 14 (2), Spring, 149-69 -- Nobuhiro Kiyotaki and Randall Wright (1989), 'On Money as a Medium of Exchange', Journal of Political Economy, 97 (4), 927-57 -- Joseph Aschheim and George S. Tavlas (1997), 'Money', in Thomas Cate, Geoff Harcourt and David C. Colander (eds), An Encyclopedia of Keynesian Economics, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 444-50 -- Dror Goldberg (2009), 'The Tax-Foundation Theory of Fiat Money', Department of Economics, Bar Ilan Working Paper, 2009-5, 1-46 -- Frank H. Hahn (1987), 'The Foundations of Monetary Theory', in Marcello de Cecco and Jean-Paul Fitoussi (eds), Monetary Theory and Economic Institutions: Proceedings of a Conference held by the International Economic Association at Fiesole, Florence, Italy, Chapter 2, London, UK: Macmillan Press, 21-43 -- Laurence H. Meyer (2001), 'Does Money Matter?', Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review, 83 (5), September/October, 1-15 -- Ben S. Bernanke (2004), 'Gradualism', Federal Reserve Board, 20th May, 1-10 -- Giuseppe Fontana (2009), 'Whither New Consensus Macroeconomics? The Role of Government and Fiscal Policy in Modern Macroeconomics', Levy Economics Institute Working Paper, 563, May, i, 2-24 -- Edwin le Heron and Emmanuel Carre (2006), 'Credibility Versus Confidence in Monetary Policy', in L. Randall Wray and Mathew Forstater (eds), Money, Financial Instability and Stabilization Policy, Chapter 4, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 58-84 -- Philip Arestis and Malcolm Sawyer (2006), 'The Nature and Role of Monetary Policy when Money is Endogenous', Cambridge Journal of Economics, 30, 847-60 -- John Maynard Keynes (1937), 'The Theory of the Rate of Interest', in A.D. Gayer (ed.), The Lessons of Monetary Experience: Essays in Honor of Irving Fisher, New York, NY: Farrar and Rinehart, pp. 145-52 -- J.A. Kregel (1988), 'Irving Fisher, Great-Grandparent of the General Theory: Money, Rate of Return over Cost and Efficiency of Capital', Cahiers d'Economie Politique, 14-15, 59-68, reset -- J. Tobin (1958), 'Liquidity Preference as Behavior Towards Risk', Review of Economic Studies, XXV (2), February, 65-86 -- L. Randall Wray (1992), 'Alternative Theories of the Rate of Interest', Cambridge Journal of Economics, 16 (1), March, 69-89 -- John Smithin (2007), 'A Real Interest Rate Rule for Monetary Policy?', Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 30 (1), Fall, 101-18 -- Frederic S. Mishkin (1999), 'International Experiences with Different Monetary Policy Regimes', Journal of Monetary Economics, 43 (3), June, 579-605
    Abstract: Lane, Frederic C. and Reinhold C. Mueller (1985), Money and Banking in Medieval and Renaissance Venice, vol. 1, Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press. -- Lau, Jeffrey Y.F. and John Smithin (2002), International Journal of Political Economy, 32 (3), Fall, 5-22. -- Lerner, Abba P. (1943), 'Functional finance and the federal debt', Social Research, 10, 38-51. -- Lerner, Abba P. (1947), 'Money as a creature of the state', American Economic Review, 37, 312-17. -- Maddox, Thomas (1969), The History and Antiquities of the Exchequer of the Kings of England in Two Periods, vols I and II, 2nd edn, New York: Greenwood Press. -- Malinowski, Bronislaw (1932), Argonauts of the Western Pacific: An Account of Native Enterprise and Adventure in the Archipelagoes of Melanesian New Guinea, London: George Routledge & Sons. -- Malinowski, Bronislaw (1921), 'The primitive economics of the Trobriand islanders', The Economic Journal, 31 (121), 1-16. -- Mehrling, Perry (2000), 'Modern money: fiat or credit?', Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 22 (3), Spring, 397-406. -- Minsky, P. Hyman (1986), 'Stabilizing an Unstable Economy', A Twentieth Century Fund Report, New Haven, Yale University Press, p. 367 -- Munro, John H. (1979), 'Bullionism and the bill of exchange in England, 1272-1663: a study in monetary management and popular prejudice', in Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, University of California, Los Angeles (ed.), The Dawn of Modern Banking, New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press, p. 169 -- Peacock, Mark S. (2004), State, money, catallaxy: underlaboring for a chartalist theory of money', Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 26 (2), Winter, 205-25. -- Polanyi, Karl (1968), The Great Transformation, Boston: Beacon Press. -- Polanyi, Karl (1971), 'Aristotle discovers the economy', in Karl Polanyi, Conrad M. Arensberg and Harry W. Pearson (eds), Trade and Market in the Early Empires, Chicago: Regnery Company, p. 64. -- Robert, Rudolph (1956), 'A short history of tallies', in A.C. Littleton and B.S. Yamey (eds), Studies in the History of Accounting, Homewood, IL: Richard D. Irwin, pp. 75-85. -- Samuelson, Paul (1973), Economics, 9th edn, New York: McGraw-Hill. -- Schmandtt-Besserat, Denise (1989), 'Two precursors of writing: plain and complex tokens', in Wayne M. Sennere (ed.), The Origins of Writing, Lincoln, NB and London: University of Nebraska Press. -- Schumpeter, J.A. (1934), The Theory of Economic Development: An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest and the Business Cycle, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. -- Schweikart, Larry (1991), 'U.S. Commercial Banking: A Historiographical Survey', Business History Review, 65, Autumn, 606. -- Stanfield, J.R. (1986), The Economic Thought of Karl Polanyi: Lives and Livelihood, Basingstoke and London: Macmillan
    Abstract: Marc Lavoie (1985), 'Credit and Money: The Dynamic Circuit, Overdraft Economics, and Post-Keynesian Economics', in Marc Jarsulic (ed.), Money and Macro Policy, Chapter 4, Boston, MA and Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer-Nijhoff Publishing, 63-84 -- L. Randall Wray (2006), 'When are Interest Rates Exogenous?', in Mark Setterfield (ed.), Complexity, Endogenous Money and Macroeconomic Theory: Essays in Honour of Basil J. Moore, Chapter 15, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd, 271-89 -- Scott T. Fullwiler (2006), 'Setting Interest Rates in the Modern Money Era', Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 28 (3), Spring, 495-525 -- Alain Parguez and Mario Seccareccia (2000), 'The Credit Theory of Money: The Monetary Circuit Approach', in John Smithin (ed.), What is Money?, Chapter 5, London, UK and New York, NY: Routledge, 101-23 -- Giuseppe Fontana (2000), 'Post Keynesians and Circuitists on Money and Uncertainty: An Attempt at Generality', Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 23 (1), Fall, 27-48 -- Eladio Febrero (2008), 'The Monetization of Profits in a Monetary Circuit Framework', Review of Political Economy, 20 (1), January, 111-25 -- Wynne Godley (2004), 'Weaving Cloth from Graziani's Thread: Endogenous Money in a Simple (but Complete) Keynesian Model', in Richard Arena and Neri Salvadori (eds), Money, Credit and the State: Essays in Honour of Augusto Graziani, Chapter 8, Aldershot, UK and Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing Ltd, 127-35 -- Wynne Godley and Marc Lavoie (2007), 'Fiscal Policy in a Stock-Flow Consistent (SFC) Model', Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 30 (1), Fall, 79-100 -- David Levine (1983), 'Two Options for the Theory of Money', Social Concept, 1 (1), May, 20-29 -- Duncan K. Foley (1983), 'On Marx's Theory of Money', Social Concept, 1 (1), May, 5-19 -- Riccardo Bellofiore (2004), '"As if its Body were by Love Possessed". Abstract Labour and the Monetary Circuit: A Macro-Social Reading of Marx's Labour Theory of Value', in Richard Arena and Neri Salvadori (eds), Money, Credit and the Role of the State: Essays in Honour of Augusto Graziani, Chapter 6, Aldershot, UK and Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing Ltd, 87-112 -- L. Randall Wray (1999), 'Theories of Value and the Monetary Theory of Production', Levy Economics Institute Working Paper, 261, 1-17 -- Abba P. Lerner (1947), 'Money as a Creature of the State', American Economic Review, 37 (2), May, 312-17 -- Stephanie Bell (2000), 'Do Taxes and Bonds Finance Government Spending?', Journal of Economic Issues, XXXIV (3), September, 603-20 -- Stephanie Bell (2001), 'The Role of the State and the Hierarchy of Money', Cambridge Journal of Economics, 25 (2), 149-63 -- Mathew Forstater (2006), 'Tax-Driven Money: Additional Evidence from the History of Economic Thought, Economic History and Economic Policy', in Mark Setterfield (ed.), Complexity, Endogenous Money and Macroeconomic Theory: Essays in Honour of Basil J. Moore, Chapter 11, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd, 202-20 -- Alain Parguez (2002), 'A Monetary Theory of Public Finance', International Journal of Political Economy, 32 (3), Fall, 80-97 -- Jan A. Kregel (2010), 'Keynes's Influence on Modern Economics: Some Overlooked Contributions of Keynes's Theory of Finance and Economic Policy', in Bradley W. Bateman, Toshiaki Hirai and Maria Cristina Marcuzzo (eds), The Return to Keynes, Chapter 13, Cambridge, MA and London, UK: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 241-56, references -- Milton Friedman (1948), 'A Monetary and Fiscal Framework for Economic Stability', American Economic Review, XXXVIII (3), June, 245-64
    Abstract: Recommended readings (Machine generated): Bagehot, Walter (1927), Lombard Street: A Description of the Money Market, London: John Murray. -- Bell, Stephanie, John F. Henry and L. Randall Wray (2004), 'A chartalist critique of John Locke's theory of property, accumulation, and money: or is it moral to trade your nuts for gold?', Review of Social Economy, LXII (1), March, 51-65. -- Bloch, Marc (1953), 'Toward a comparative history of European societies', in Frederic C. Lane and Jelle C. Riemersma (eds), Enterprise and Secular Change: Readings in Economic History, Homewood, IL: Richard D. Irwin, p. 494. -- Cameron, Rondo (ed.) (1967), Banking in the Early Stages of Industrialization: A Study in Comparative Economic History, New York: Oxford University Press. -- Cipolla, Carlo (1956), Money, Prices, and Civilization in the Mediterranean World: Fifth to Seventeenth Century, Princeton: Princeton University Press. -- Cipolla, Carlo (1976), Before the Industrial Revolution: European Society and Economy, 1000-1700, New York: W.W. Norton & Company. -- Cook, R.M. (1958), 'Speculation on the origins of coinage', Historia, 7, 257-62. -- Cramp, A.B. (1962), 'Two views on money', Lloyds Bank Review, July, p. 1. -- Dalton, George (1971), Economic Anthropology and Development, New York and London: Basic Books. -- Dalton, George (1982), 'Barter', Journal of Economic Issues, 16 (1), March, 181-90. -- Dalton, George (ed.) (1967), 'Primitive Money', in Tribal and Peasant Economies, Austin and London: University of Texas Press, pp. 254-81. -- Deleplace, Ghislain and Edward J. Nell (eds) (1996), Money in Motion: The Post Keynesian and Circulation Approaches, New York: St. Martin's Press. -- Einaudi, Luigi (1953), 'The theory of imaginary money from Charlemagne to the French Revolution', in Frederic C. Lane and Jelle C. Riemersma (eds), Enterprise and Secular Change: Readings in Economic History, Homewood, IL: Richard D. Irwin, p. 494. -- Foley, Duncan (1989), 'Money in economic activity', in John Eatwell, Murray Milgate and Peter Newman (eds), The New Palgrave: Money, New York and London: W.W. Norton & Company, p. 248. -- Gardiner, Geoffrey W. (2004), 'The primacy of trade debts in the development of money', in L.R. Wray (ed.), Credit and State Theories of Money: The Contributions of A. Mitchell Innes, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, pp. 79-98. -- Grierson, Philip (1979), Dark Age Numismatics, London: Variorum Reprints. -- Heilbroner, Robert (1985), The Nature and Logic of Capitalism, New York and London: W.W.Norton & Company. -- Heinsohn, Gunnar and Otto Steiger (1989), 'The veil of barter: the solution to the "task of obtaining representations of an economy in which money is essential"', in J.A. Kregel (ed.), Inflation and Income Distribution in Capitalist Crisis: Essays in Memory of Sidney Weintraub, New York: New York University Press. -- Heinsohn, Gunnar and Otto Steiger (1984), 'Marx and Keynes: private property and money', Monnaie et Production, ISMEA, 1, 37-71
    Abstract: R.E. Rowthorn (1977), 'Conflict, Inflation and Money', Cambridge Journal of Monetary Economics, 1 (3), 215-39, reset -- Paul Davidson (2006), 'The Declining Dollar, Global Economic Growth, and Macro Stability', Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 28 (3), Spring, 473-93 -- John T. Harvey (1996), 'Orthodox Approaches to Exchange Rate Determination: A Survey', Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 18 (4), Summer, 567-83 -- John T. Harvey (1991), 'A Post Keynesian View of Exchange Rate Determination', Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 14 (1), Fall, 61-71 -- Andrea Terzi (1986-87), 'The Independence of Finance from Saving: A Flow-of-Funds Interpretation', Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, IX (2), Winter, 188-97 -- J.A. Kregel (1998), 'Aspects of a Post Keynesian Theory of Finance', Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 21 (1), Fall, 111-33 -- J. Patrick Raines and Charles G. Leathers (1996), 'Veblenian Stock Markets and the Efficient Markets Hypothesis', Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 19 (1), Fall, 137-51 -- Robert J. Shiller (2005), 'Behavioral Economics and Institutional Innovation', Southern Economic Journal, 72 (2), October, 269-83 -- Hyman P. Minsky (1994), 'Financial Instability Hypothesis', in Philip Arestis and Malcolm Sawyer (eds), The Elgar Companion to Radical Political Economy, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 153-8 -- Lance Taylor and Stephen A. O'Connell (1985), 'A Minsky Crisis', Quarterly Journal of Economics, 100, Supplement, 871-85 -- Domenico Delli Gatti and Mauro Gallegati (1997), 'At the Root of the Financial Instability Hypothesis: "Induced Investment and Business Cycles"', Journal of Economic Issues, XXXI (2), June, 527-34 -- Christopher Brown (2007), 'Financial Engineering, Consumer Credit, and the Stability of Effective Demand', Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 29 (3), Spring, 427-53 -- Hyman P. Minsky (1993), 'Finance and Stability: The Limits of Capitalism', Working Paper, 93, May, i, 1-25 -- L. Randall Wray (2009), 'The Rise and Fall of Money Manager Capitalism: A Minskian Approach', Cambridge Journal of Economics, 33, 807-28 -- Robert Wade (2009), 'From Global Imbalances to Global Reorganisations', Cambridge Journal of Economics, 33, 539-62
    Abstract: Tooke, Thomas (1959), An Inquiry into the Currency Principle: The Connection of the Currency with Prices and the Expediency of a Separation of Issue from Banking, London: The London School of Economics and Political Science. -- Usher, A.P. (1953), 'The origins of banking: the primitive bank of deposit, 1200-1600', in Frederic C. Lane and Jelle C. Riemersma (eds), Enterprise and Secular Change: Readings in Economic History, Homewood, IL: Richard D. Irwin, pp. 262-91. -- Wray, L. Randall (1990), Money and Credit in Capitalist Economies: The Endogenous Money Approach, Aldershot: Edward Elgar. -- Wray, L. Randall (1991), 'The inconsistency of monetarist theory and policy', Economies et Societes, Serie Monnaie et Production, 11-12, 259. -- Wray, L. Randall (1998), Understanding Modern Money: The Key to Full Employment and Price Stability, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. -- Wray, L. Randall (ed.) (2004), Credit and State Theories of Money: The Contributions of A. Mitchell Innes, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. -- Zelizer, Viviana A. (1989), 'The social meaning of money: "special money"', American Journal of Sociology, 95 (2), 342-77. -- Charles A.E. Goodhart (1998), 'The Two Concepts of Money: Implications for the Analysis of Optimal Currency Areas', European Journal of Political Economy, 14 (3), August, 407-32 -- John Maynard Keynes (1979), 'The Distinction Between a Co-operative Economy and an Entrepreneur Economy', in Donald Moggridge (ed.), The Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes, Volume XXIX: The General Theory and After, A Supplement, Chapter 2, London, UK: Macmillan and Cambridge University Press for the Royal Economic Society, 76-87 -- Philip Grierson (1977), 'The Origins of Money', in The Origins of Money, London, UK: The Althone Press University of London, 7-33, 35-44 -- Geoffrey Ingham (2000), '"Babylonian Madness": On the Historical and Sociological Origins of Money', in John Smithin (ed.), What is Money?, Chapter 2, London, UK and New York, NY: Routledge, 16-41 -- Mark S. Peacock (2006), 'The Origins of Money in Ancient Greece: The Political Economy of Coinage and Exchange', Cambridge Journal of Economics, 30, 637-50 -- Viviana A. Zelizer (1989), 'The Social Meaning of Money: "Special Monies"', American Journal of Sociology, 95 (2), September, 342-77 -- John Maynard Keynes (1973), 'A Monetary Theory of Production', in Donald Moggridge (ed.), The Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes, Vol XIII: The General Theory and After. Part I: Preparation, London, UK: Macmillan St. Martin's Press for the Royal Economic Society, 408-11 -- Dudley Dillard (1980), 'A Monetary Theory of Production: Keynes and the Institutionalists', Journal of Economic Issues, XIV (2), June, 255-73 -- Éric Tymoigne (2003), 'Keynes and Commons on Money', Journal of Economic Issues, XXXVII (3), September, 527-45 -- Paul Davidson (1974), 'A Keynesian View of Friedman's Theoretical Framework for Monetary Analysis', in Robert J. Gordon (ed.), Milton Friedman's Monetary Framework: A Debate with His Critics, Chicago, IL and London, UK: University of Chicago Press, 90-110, references -- J.A. Kregel (1988), 'The Multiplier and Liquidity Preference: Two Sides of the Theory of Effective Demand', in Alain Barrère (ed.), The Foundations of Keynesian Analysis: Proceedings of a Conference held at the University of Paris I - Panthéon-Sorbonne, Chapter 11, Basingstoke, UK: Macmillan Press Ltd, 231-50 -- Basil J. Moore (1979), 'The Endogenous Money Stock', Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 2 (1), Fall, 49-70
    Note: The recommended readings are available in the print version, or may be available via the link to your library's holdings
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  • 14
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    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821385623 , 9780821385630
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xxi, 88 p) , ill. (some col.) , 26 cm
    Edition: 2011 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 339.4/609567
    Keywords: Cost and standard of living ; Poor ; Poverty ; Cost and standard of living ; Poor ; Poverty ; Cost and standard of living ; Poor ; Poverty ; Iraq ; Iraq Economic conditions ; Iraq Economic conditions
    Note: "Poverty Reduction Strategy High Committee Government of Iraq , Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 15
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    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing Limited
    ISBN: 9781785362347
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (p) , cm)
    Series Statement: Critical perspectives on the global trading system and the WTO 18
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Trade costs and facilitation
    Keywords: International economic relations ; Free trade ; Electronic books
    Abstract: C. Fred Bergsten (1997), 'Open Regionalism', World Economy, 20 (5), 545-65 -- Gerard McLinden (2006), 'Needs, Priorities and Costs Associated with Technical Assistance and Capacity Building for Implementation of a WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement: A Comparative Study Based on Six Developing Countries', World Bank Working Paper, November, 1-5, 9-35 -- J. Michael Finger (2008), 'Trade Facilitation: The Role of a WTO Agreement', ECIPE Working Paper No. 01/2008, 1-42 -- Jean-Christophe Maur (2008), 'Regionalism and Trade Facilitation: A Primer', Journal of World Trade, 42 (6), 979-1012 -- Minette Libom Li Likeng, Thomas Cantens and Samson Bilangna (2009), '"Gazing into the Mirror": Operational Internal Control in Cameroon Customs', Regional Integration and Transport - RIT Series, World Bank Discussion Paper No. 8, January, i, v, 1-3, 5-27, 29-32
    Abstract: Recommended readings (Machine generated): Robert A. Mundell (1957), 'International Trade and Factor Mobility', American Economic Review, 47 (3), June, 321-35 -- Paul Krugman (1980), 'Scale Economies, Product Differentiation, and the Pattern of Trade', American Economic Review, 70 (5), December, 950-59 -- Paul Krugman (1991), 'Increasing Returns and Economic Geography', Journal of Political Economy, 99 (3), June, 483-99 -- Alan V. Deardorff (2001), 'International Provision of Trade Services, Trade, and Fragmentation', Review of International Economics, 9 (2), 233-48 -- Spiros Bougheas, Panicos O. Demetriades and Edgar L.W. Morgenroth (1999), 'Infrastructure, Transport Costs and Trade', Journal of International Economics, 47 (1), February, 169-89 -- J.M. Finger and A.J. Yeats (1976), 'Effective Protection by Transportation Costs and Tariffs: A Comparison of Magnitudes', Quarterly Journal of Economics, 90 (1), February, 169-76 -- James E. Anderson and Eric van Wincoop (2004), 'Trade Costs', Journal of Economic Literature, XLII (3), September, 691-751 -- Nuno Limão and Anthony J. Venables (2001), 'Infrastructure, Geographical Disadvantage, Transport Costs, and Trade', World Bank Economic Review, 15 (3), 451-79 -- John McCallum (1995), 'National Borders Matter: Canada-U.S. Regional Trade Patterns', American Economic Review, 85 (3), June, 615-23 -- Charles Engel and John H. Rogers (1996), 'How Wide Is the Border?', American Economic Review, 86 (5), December, 1112-25 -- Anne-Célia Disdier and Keith Head (2008), 'The Puzzling Persistence of the Distance Effect on Bilateral Trade', Review of Economics and Statistics, 90 (1), February, 37-48 -- John S. Wilson, Catherine L. Mann and Tsunehiro Otsuki (2003), 'Trade Facilitation and Economic Development: A New Approach to Quantifying the Impact', World Bank Economic Review, 17 (3), 367-89 -- David Dollar, Mary Hallward-Driemeier and Taye Mengistae (2006), 'Investment Climate and International Integration', World Development, 34 (9), 1498-516 -- Gae͏̈l Raballand (2003), 'Determinants of the Negative Impact of Being Landlocked on Trade: An Empirical Investigation Through the Central Asian Case', Comparative Economic Studies, 45, 520-36 -- Alberto Portugal-Perez and John S. Wilson (2008), 'Trade Costs in Africa: Barriers and Opportunities for Reform', Policy Research Working Paper No. 4619, 1-31 -- Ben Shepherd and John S. Wilson (2009), 'Trade Facilitation in ASEAN Member Countries: Measuring Progress and Assessing Priorities', Journal of Asian Economics, 20, 367-83 -- Thomas W. Hertel, Terrie Walmsley and Ken Itakura (2001), 'Dynamic Effects of the "New Age" Free Trade Agreement between Japan and Singapore', Journal of Economic Integration, 16 (4), December, 446-84 -- Joseph Francois, Hans van Meijl and Frank van Tongeren (2005), 'Trade Liberalization in the Doha Development Round', Economic Policy, 20 (42), April, 351-91 -- Thomas W. Hertel and Roman Keeney (2006), 'What Is At Stake: The Relative Importance of Import Barriers, Export Subsidies, and Domestic Support', in Kym Anderson (ed) and Will Martin (ed) (eds), Agricultural Trade Reform and the Doha Development Agenda, Chapter 2, Washington, DC: The World Bank and New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 37-62
    Abstract: Simeon Djankov, Caroline Freund and Cong S. Pham (2010), 'Trading on Time', Review of Economics and Statistics, 92 (1), February, 166-73 -- Carolyn L. Evans and James Harrigan (2005), 'Distance, Time, and Specialization: Lean Retailing in General Equilibrium', American Economic Review, 95 (1), March, 292-313 -- Maria Persson (2008), 'Trade Facilitation and the EU-ACP Economic Partnership Agreements', Journal of Economic Integration, 23 (3), September, 518-46 -- Caroline L. Freund and Diana Weinhold (2004), 'The Effect of the Internet on International Trade', Journal of International Economics, 62 (1), January, 171-89 -- Carsten Fink, Aaditya Mattoo and Ileana Cristina Neagu (2005), 'Assessing the Impact of Communication Costs on International Trade', Journal of International Economics, 67 (2), December, 428-45 -- Ximena Clark, David Dollar and Alejandro Micco (2004), 'Port Efficiency, Maritime Transport Costs, and Bilateral Trade', Journal of Development Economics, 75(2), December, 417-50 -- Carsten Fink, Aaditya Mattoo and Ileana Cristina Neagu (2002), 'Trade in International Maritime Services: How Much Does Policy Matter?', World Bank Economic Review, 16 (1), 81-108 -- Alejandro Micco and Tomás Serebrisky (2006), 'Competition Regimes and Air Transport Costs: The Effects of Open Skies Agreements', Journal of International Economics, 70 (1), September, 25-51 -- David Hummels, Volodymyr Lugovskyy and Alexandre Skiba (2009), 'The Trade Reducing Effects of Market Power in International Shipping', Journal of Development Economics, 89 (1), May, 84-97 -- James E. Rauch (1999), 'Networks Versus Markets in International Trade', Journal of International Economics, 48, 7-35 -- Marc Auboin and Moritz Meier-Ewert (2003), Improving the Availability of Trade Finance during Financial Crises, Geneva, Switzerland: World Trade Organization, i, 1-18 -- Hildegunn Kyvik Nordås, Enrico Pinali and Massimo Geloso Grosso (2006), 'Logistics and Time as a Trade Barrier', OECD Trade Policy Working Papers, No. 35, OECD Publishing, 1-3, 6-58 -- Dean Yang (2008), 'Integrity for Hire: An Analysis of a Widespread Customs Reform', Journal of Law and Economics, 51, February, 25-57 -- Jose Anson, Olivier Cadot and Marcelo Olarreaga (2006), 'Tariff Evasion and Customs Corruption: Does Pre-Shipment Inspection Help?', Contributions to Economic Analysis and Policy, 5 (1), i, 1-24 -- James E. Anderson and Douglas Marcouiller (2002), 'Insecurity and the Pattern of Trade: An Empirical Investigation', Review of Economics and Statistics, 84 (2), May, 342-52 -- Gae͏̈l Raballand and Enrique Aldaz-Carroll (2007), 'How Do Differing Standards Increase Trade Costs? The Case of Pallets', World Economy, 30 (4), 685-702 -- Witold Czubala, Ben Shepherd and John S. Wilson (2009), 'Help or Hindrance? The Impact of Harmonised Standards on African Exports', Journal of African Economies, 18 (5), 711-44 -- Maggie Xiaoyang Chen and Aaditya Mattoo (2008), 'Regionalism in Standards: Good or Bad for Trade?', Canadian Journal of Economics, 41 (3), August, 838-63 -- Patrick A. Messerlin and Jamel Zarrouk (2000), 'Trade Facilitation: Technical Regulations and Customs Procedures', World Economy, 23 (4), 577-93
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , The recommended readings are available in the print version, or may be available via the link to your library's holdings
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  • 16
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    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 082138712X , 0821387138 , 9780821387122 , 9780821387139
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xxx, 425 p) , ill , 23 cm
    Edition: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Directions in development : Trade
    DDC: 382/.90972
    Keywords: Free trade ; Central America Commercial policy ; Central America Foreign economic relations
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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  • 17
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    Washington D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 0821386891 , 0821387286 , 9780821386897 , 9780821387283
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xx, 270 p) , ill , 23 cm
    Edition: 2011 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 339.4/60954
    Keywords: Poverty ; Poverty ; Poverty ; India ; India ; India Economic conditions ; India Social conditions ; India Economic conditions ; India Social conditions
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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    ISBN: 9780821386439 , 9780821386446
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xx, 511 p) , ill., maps , 28 cm
    Edition: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 382/.9091724
    Keywords: Economic development ; Free trade ; Tariff preferences ; Economic development ; Free trade ; Tariff preferences ; Economic development ; Free trade ; Tariff preferences ; Developing countries ; Developing countries ; Developing countries Commercial policy ; Developing countries Foreign economic relations ; Developing countries Commercial policy ; Developing countries Foreign economic relations
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 19
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    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 0821369539 , 0821369547 , 9780821369531 , 9780821369548
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xxii, 498 p) , ill., maps , 23 cm
    Edition: 2011 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Directions in development. Poverty
    DDC: 339.4/6
    Keywords: Development economics ; Economic development ; Poverty ; Development economics ; Economic development ; Poverty ; Development economics ; Economic development
    Description / Table of Contents: Ch. 12HealthMacroeconomics and HealthHealth and Economic GrowthMacroeconomic Policy and HealthBeyond GDPInvesting in HealthGlobal Health InitiativesConclusionNotesBibliographych. 13Labor MarketsLabor-Friendly Economic GrowthLabor Markets in Developing CountriesConclusionNotesBibliographych. 14Land and AgricultureLand Distribution in Poor CountriesLand Inequality and Rural PovertyLand Inequality and Economic DevelopmentThe Role of Government in Land MarketsThe Role of Agriculture in Reducing Rural PovertyConclusionNotesBibliographych. 15Technology, Entrepreneurship, and ProductivityTotal Factor ProductivitySpending on Research and DevelopmentTechnology Diffusion and AdoptionInformation and Communication TechnologyAre Entrepreneurship and Growth Linked?Entrepreneurial Activity arid GrowthPolicy ImplicationsConclusionNotesBibliography
    Description / Table of Contents: Ch. 16Urbanization and GrowthTrends in UrbanizationUrbanization and GrowthUrbanization and PovertyKey Issues in UrbanizationConclusionNotesBibliographych. 17Corruption and PovertyDetection and Measurement of CorruptionAnalytical Framework for the Study of CorruptionCauses of CorruptionCosts and Benefits of CorruptionImpact of Corruption on Economic PerformancePersistence of CorruptionConclusionNoteBibliographych. 18Regulation and Economic GrowthProduct-Market RegulationLabor RegulationRegulation and the Private SectorFinancial RegulationPolicy Lessons from the Recent CrisisRegulation and Reform of the Infrastructure SectorImpact of Regulation on Growth and InformalityConclusionNotesBibliographych. 19Shocks, Volatility, and GrowthAvoiding Economic DownturnsInterdependence of North and SouthThe Synchronized Movement of Developed and Developing Countries
    Description / Table of Contents: Ch. 4Government and the EconomyFocus on Fiscal Policy -- The Role of Government in the EconomyFiscal Policy: Taxing and SpendingThe Uses of Fiscal PolicyConclusionNoteBibliographych. 5Monetary Policy, Inflation, and Exchange RatesDefinitions and ConceptsInflationInflation and Economic GrowthInflation and the PoorExchange-Rate PolicyConclusionNotesBibliographych. 6Financial DevelopmentFinancial Development and Economic GrowthFour Decades of Financial Sector Reform in Developing CountriesFinancial Development and Poverty ReductionWidening Access to Financial ServicesMicrofinance and the PoorEmigrant RemittancesConclusionNotesBibliographych. 7Development AssistanceAid Sources and TrendsAid in the Context of Overall Capital FlowsDoes Aid Spur Economic Growth?Ensuring That More Aid Means More Growth
    Description / Table of Contents: International Initiatives to Improve the Effectiveness of AidConclusionAnnex The Five Principles of the Paris Declaration on Aid EffectivenessNotesBibliographych. 8External DebtMeasures of External IndebtednessExternal Indebtedness, Growth, and PovertyDebt Relief and Low-Income CountriesDebt Relief versus Development AssistanceConclusionNotesBibliographych. 9Trade PolicyThe Rationale for TradeTrade BarriersTrade and Economic GrowthTrade, Inequality, and the PoorConclusionBibliographypt. IIIFactor Accumulation and Structural Policych. 10Institutions and GrowthMeasures of Institutional QualityInstitutions and Economic GrowthSocial Capital and CultureConclusionNotesBibliographych. 11EducationEducation, Growth, and Poverty ReductionGlobal Education InitiativesDevelopment Assistance for EducationWhat Do We Know about Educational Policy?ConclusionNotesBibliography
    Description / Table of Contents: Machine generated contents note:pt. IPoverty, National Income, and Economic Growthch. 1Poverty and How We Measure ItPoverty and Well-BeingMeasuring PovertyCollecting DataHousehold Surveys and National AccountsConclusionNoteBibliographych. 2National Income and How We Measure ItMacroeconomic SectorsMacroeconomic ConceptsDetermining Gross Domestic ProductThe Business CycleThe Balance of PaymentsSome Basic Accounting RelationshipsConclusionNotesBibliographych. 3Growth, Poverty, and Inequality: An OverviewGrowth Theory, Then and NowInstitutions and Modern Growth TheoryEconomic Growth and Poverty ReductionVariations in Poverty Responses to GrowthPro-Poor GrowthConclusionNoteBibliographypt. IIGovernment Policy, Growth, and the Poor
    Description / Table of Contents: The Complexity of North-South LinksMonetary Policies and Capital FlowsNorth-South Capital FlowsGlobalization, Volatility, and GrowthThe Financial Crisis of 2008 and Global GrowthGrowth BoomsThe Microeconomic Foundations of GrowthConclusionNotesBibliographych. 20The Politics of Growth and PovertyPolitical Power and Economic InstitutionsEconomic Origins of Political RegimesDo Democratic Countries Grow Faster than Dictatorships?The Interplay of Politics and EconomicsConclusionNotesBibliographych. 21Climate Change and the Wealth of NationsNational Wealth and Genuine SavingConsumption Saving, and a Counterfactual to the Hartwick RuleHow Does Natural Capital Affect Well-Being?High Carbon, High GrowthMitigation of and Adaptation to Climate ChangeConclusionAnnex Empirical Evidence of the Causes of GrowthNotesBibliography.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9780821388358 , 9780821388563
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xxvi, 334 p) , ill. (some col.) , 26 cm
    Edition: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: MENA development report
    DDC: 332.10956
    Keywords: Banks and banking ; Banks and banking ; Finance ; Finance ; Financial institutions ; Financial institutions ; Banks and banking ; Banks and banking ; Finance ; Finance ; Financial institutions ; Financial institutions ; Banks and banking ; Banks and banking ; Finance ; Finance ; Financial institutions ; Financial institutions
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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  • 21
    ISBN: 0821384368 , 0821384376 , 9780821384367 , 9780821384374
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xvii, 154 p) , ill , 23 cm
    Edition: 2010 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Directions in development. Poverty
    DDC: 325.086/942
    Keywords: Poverty Case studies ; Poverty Case studies ; Poverty ; Developing countries ; Developing countries ; Developing countries Case studies Emigration and immigration ; Economic aspects ; Developing countries Emigration and immigration ; Government policy ; Developing countries Case studies Emigration and immigration ; Economic aspects ; Developing countries Emigration and immigration ; Government policy
    Description / Table of Contents: OverviewPatterns of migration in Tanzania / Kathleen Beegle, Joachim De Weerdt, Stefan Dercon -- Work-related migration and poverty reduction in Nepal / Michael Lokshin, Mikhail Bontch-Osmolovski, Elena Glinskaya -- The evolution of Albanian migration and its role in poverty reduction / Carlo Azzarri ... [et al.] -- Migration choices, inequality of opportunities and poverty reduction in Nicaragua / Edmundo Murrugarra, Catalina Herrera -- How can developing country governments facilitate international migration for poverty reduction? / John Gibson, David McKenzie.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9781781000601
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xl, 310 p) , ill
    Series Statement: Global development network
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global exchange and poverty
    DDC: 382.091724
    RVK:
    Keywords: 1980-2007 ; Globalisierung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Internationale Handelspolitik ; Internationale Migration ; Auslandsinvestition ; Entwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Entwicklungsländer ; International trade ; Poverty International cooperation ; Globalization Economic aspects ; Investments, Foreign ; Electronic books ; Developing countries Foreign economic relations ; Developing countries Economic conditions ; Developing countries Commercial policy ; Commercial policy ; Foreign trade regulation ; Emigration and immigration ; Economic aspects ; Poverty ; Developing countries ; International cooperation ; Globalization ; Economic aspects ; Developing countries ; Developing countries ; Economic conditions ; Developing countries ; Foreign economic relations ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Entwicklungsländer ; Schwellenländer ; Außenhandelspolitik ; Direktinvestition ; Globalisierung ; Armut ; Migration
    Abstract: This book examines how policies implemented by members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) affect development and poverty in developing and transition economies
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Introduction , Global economic institutional, intellectual and religious contacts : a brief history , The impact of technical barriers to trade on Argentine exports and labor markets , Agricultural subsidies, trade barriers and poverty : householde microsimulation for Columbia , Trade liberalization in southeastern Europe , Poverty impacts of Romanian remittances from the EU : effects of host-country migration policies , Skill diffusion by temporary migration? : Returns from western European working experience in the EU accession countries , Host-country economic policies and worker remittances to developing countries : the cases of Turkey and Mexico , Inequality : the Argentine experience , The effect of policies and FDI flows to transition countries , Does foreign ownership matter for enterprise training? : empirical evidence from transition countries
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 0821384104 , 9780821384107 , 9780821384114
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xv, 177 p) , ill , 23 cm
    Edition: 2010 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 382/.45000917724
    Keywords: General Agreement on Trade in Services ; General Agreement on Trade in Services ; Foreign trade regulation ; Free trade ; Service industries Law and legislation ; Service industries ; Foreign trade regulation ; Free trade ; Service industries Law and legislation ; Service industries ; General Agreement on Trade in Services ; Foreign trade regulation ; (1994) ; Free trade ; Service industries ; Service industries ; Developing countries ; Developing countries Commerce ; Developing countries Commerce
    Description / Table of Contents: The strategic development role of trade in services / Sebastián SáezNegotiating trade in services : a practical guide for developing countries / Mario Marconini and Pierre Sauvé -- The negotiation and management of regulations in the trade in services / Sebastián Sáez and Marcel Vaillant -- Liberalization in the trade in services : a negotiation exercise / Sebastián Sáez and Anna Lanoszka.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 0821383051 , 9780821383056
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xxx, 122 p) , ill , 28 cm
    Edition: 2010 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: IEG study series
    DDC: 362.5/7
    Keywords: World Bank ; World Bank ; Economic assistance ; Economic assistance Evaluation ; Poverty ; Economic assistance ; Economic assistance Evaluation ; Poverty ; World Bank ; Economic assistance ; Economic assistance ; Poverty
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-122) , This report was conducted under the overall direction of Vinod Thomas ... [et al.]--Acknowledgements
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  • 25
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4930
    Parallel Title: Iacovone, Leonardo The better you are the stronger it makes you
    Keywords: Free trade ; Industrial productivity ; Free trade ; Industrial productivity
    Abstract: "This paper studies how liberalization affects productivity growth using micro-level plant data. While previous studies have already shown the existence of a positive relationship between competition and economic performance, the novelty of this paper is that it analyzes not only the average impact of liberalization, but also goes "beyond the average" and shows how the liberalization can affect dissimilar plants in a different way. The author first develops a model which predicts that, while the impact of liberalization on productivity growth is positive "on average", more advanced firms tend to benefit more. In fact, liberalization generates two competing effects: on one side it spurs more innovative efforts because of the increased entry threat by foreign competitors, on the other side, enhanced competition curtails expected profits and reduces the funds available to finance innovative activities. The pro-competitive effect is weaker for less advanced firms as for them it is harder to catch-up with the "technology frontier". These predictions are then tested focusing on Mexican plants during the NAFTA liberalization. The results show that a 1 percent reduction in tariffs spurred productivity growth between 4 and 8 percent on average. However, for backward firms this effect is much weaker if not close to zero, otherwise for more advanced ones this effect is stronger with productivity growing between 11 and 13 percent. Consistent with the theoretical model the results are stronger in those sectors where the scope for innovative activities is more pronounced. These results are particularly important for policy makers because they suggest that while increasing competition may be good in spurring average productivity, it is also true that this effect does not hold for all type of firms, in particular more backward firms may need some complementary support policy to upgrade their capacities and keep up with the more competitive environment. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/26/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4838
    Parallel Title: Kendall, Jake Local financial development and growth
    Keywords: Banks and banking ; Human capital ; Banks and banking ; Human capital ; India Economic conditions 1991- ; Regional disparities ; India Economic conditions 1991- ; Regional disparities
    Abstract: "Using a unique sample of net domestic product data for districts in India, I investigate the connection between banking sector development, human capital, and economic growth at the sub-national level. Using disaggregate data avoids many of the omitted variable problems that plague cross-country studies of the finance-growth connection and facilitates an instrumentation strategy. The findings show that the growth of many districts in India is financially constrained due to lack of banking sector development, and that the relationship between finance and growth may be non-linear. For the districts in the sample, moving from the 75th percentile of credit/net domestic product to the 25th percentile implies an average loss of 4 percent in growth over the 1990s. This indicates that the gains from increased banking sector outreach may be large. The analysis shows that human capital deepening can reduce the effect of the financial constraint and help decouple growth from financial development. In a district at the 25th literacy percentile, the implied growth loss due to a constrained banking sector is twice as large as in a district at the 75th literacy percentile. Thus, higher levels of human capital may activate alternative growth and production channels that are less finance intensive. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4887
    Parallel Title: De Hoyos, Rafael E Poverty effects of higher food prices
    Keywords: Food prices ; Poverty ; Food prices ; Poverty
    Abstract: "The spike in food prices between 2005 and the first half of 2008 has highlighted the vulnerabilities of poor consumers to higher prices of agricultural goods and generated calls for massive policy action. This paper provides a formal assessment of the direct and indirect impacts of higher prices on global poverty using a representative sample of 63 to 93 percent of the population of the developing world. To assess the direct effects, the paper uses domestic food consumer price data between January 2005 and December 2007--when the relative price of food rose by an average of 5.6 percent --to find that the implied increase in the extreme poverty headcount at the global level is 1.7 percentage points, with significant regional variation. To take the second-order effects into account, the paper links household survey data with a global general equilibrium model, finding that a 5.5 percent increase in agricultural prices (due to rising demand for first-generation biofuels) could raise global poverty in 2010 by 0.6 percentage points at the extreme poverty line and 0.9 percentage points at the moderate poverty line. Poverty increases at the regional level vary substantially, with nearly all of the increase in extreme poverty occurring in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 28
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4837
    Parallel Title: Demirgüç-Kunt, Aslı Bank activity and funding strategies
    Keywords: Banks and banking ; Financial crises ; Banks and banking ; Financial crises
    Abstract: "This paper examines the implications of bank activity and short-term funding strategies for bank risk and returns using an international sample of 1,334 banks in 101 countries leading up to the 2007 financial crisis. Expansion into non-interest income generating activities such as trading increases the rate of return on assets, and it may offer some risk diversification benefits at very low levels. Non-deposit, wholesale funding, by contrast, lowers the rate of return on assets, although it can offer some risk reduction at commonly observed low levels of non-deposit funding. A sizeable proportion of banks, however, attract most of their short-term funding in the form of non-deposits at a cost of enhanced bank fragility. Overall, banking strategies that rely prominently on generating non-interest income or attracting non-deposit funding are very risky, which is consistent with the demise of the U.S. investment banking sector. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 29
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4809
    Parallel Title: Urdapilleta, Eduardo Banking in Brazil
    Keywords: Banks and banking ; Banks and banking
    Abstract: " The objective of this paper is to analyze the industry structure of banking services in Brazil in order to shed light on financial performance and its drivers at a disaggregated level. The study illustrates how differences across market segments - which tend to be averaged out in aggregate analysis - need to be taken into account when analyzing performance and designing public policy for the banking sector. In particular, retail banking is found to be less sensitive to price competition and to exhibit considerably higher returns than corporate banking. The authors identify and discuss the factors underlying revenues, costs, and risks in each market segment, and conclude with policy implications. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 30
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4858
    Parallel Title: Lanjouw, Peter Poverty decline, agricultural wages, and non-farm employment in rural India
    Keywords: Agricultural laborers ; Manpower policy, Rural ; Poverty ; Rural poor ; Agricultural laborers ; Manpower policy, Rural ; Poverty ; Rural poor
    Abstract: "The authors analyze five rounds of National Sample Survey data covering 1983, 1987/8, 1993/4, 1999/0, and 2004/5 to explore the relationship between rural diversification and poverty. Poverty in rural India declined at a modest rate during this period. The authors provide region-level estimates that illustrate considerable geographic heterogeneity in this progress. Poverty estimates correlate well with region-level data on changes in agricultural wage rates. Agricultural labor remains the preserve of the uneducated and also to a large extent of the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. Although agricultural labor grew as a share of total economic activity over the first four rounds, it had fallen back to the levels observed at the beginning of the survey period by 2004. This all-India trajectory masks widely varying trends across states. During this period, the rural non-farm sector grew modestly, mainly between the last two survey rounds. Regular non-farm employment remains largely associated with education levels and social status that are rare among the poor. However, casual labor and self-employment in the non-farm sector reveal greater involvement by disadvantaged groups in 2004 than in the preceding rounds. The implication for poverty is not immediately clear - the poor may be pushed into low-return casual non-farm activities due to lack of opportunities in the agricultural sector rather than being pulled by high returns offered by the non-farm sector. Econometric estimates reveal that expansion of the non-farm sector is associated with falling poverty via two routes: a direct impact on poverty that is likely due to a pro-poor marginal incidence of non-farm employment expansion; and an indirect impact attributable to the positive effect of non-farm employment growth on agricultural wages. The analysis also confirms the important contribution to rural poverty reduction from agricultural productivity, availability of land, and consumption levels in proximate urban areas. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4844
    Parallel Title: Ravallion, Martin Weakly relative poverty
    Keywords: Poverty ; Poverty
    Abstract: "Prevailing measures of relative poverty put an implausibly high weight on relative deprivation, such that measured poverty does not fall when all incomes grow at the same rate. This stems from the (implicit) assumption in past measures that very poor people incur a negligible cost of social inclusion. That assumption is inconsistent with evidence on the social roles of certain private expenditures in poor settings and with data on national poverty lines. The authors propose a new schedule of "weakly relative" lines that relax this assumption and estimate the implied poverty measures for 116 developing countries. The authors find that there is more relative poverty than past estimates have suggested. In 2005, one half of the population of the developing world lived in relative poverty, half of whom were absolutely poor. The total number of relatively poor rose over 1981-2005, despite falling numbers of absolutely poor. With sustained economic growth, the incidence of relative poverty becomes less responsive to further growth. Slower progress against relative poverty can thus be seen as the "other side of the coin" to success against absolute poverty. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4923
    Parallel Title: Khandker, Shahidur R Poverty and income seasonality in Bangladesh
    Keywords: Income ; Poverty ; Income ; Poverty
    Abstract: "Seasonal poverty in Bangladesh, locally known as monga, refers to seasonal deprivation of food during the pre-harvest season of Aman rice. An analysis of household income and expenditure survey data shows that average household income and consumption are much lower during monga season than in other seasons, and that seasonal income greatly influences seasonal consumption. However, lack of income and consumption smoothing is more acute in greater Rangpur, the North West region, than in other regions, causing widespread seasonal deprivation. The analysis shows that agricultural income diversification accompanied by better access to micro-credit, irrigation, education, electrification, social safety net programs, and dynamic labor markets has helped reduce seasonality in income and poverty in regions other than Rangpur in the recent past. Hence, government policies should promote income diversification through infrastructure investments and provide income transfers to the targeted poor to contain income seasonality and poverty in this impoverished part of Bangladesh. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 33
    ISBN: 9781849801850
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (viii, 401 p) , ill
    Series Statement: Studies in fiscal federalism and state-local finance
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Does decentralization enhance service delivery and poverty reduction?
    DDC: 339.46
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: 1988-2007 ; Öffentliche Dienstleistung ; Armutsbekämpfung ; Dezentralisierung ; Finanzpolitik ; Finanzbeziehungen ; Welt ; Poverty ; Intergovernmental fiscal relations ; Decentralization in government ; Poverty Political aspects ; Electronic books ; Konferenzschrift 2006 ; Fiskalföderalismus ; Öffentliche Leistung ; Dezentralisation ; Entwicklungsländer ; Armut ; Bekämpfung
    Abstract: Does decentralization enhance service delivery and poverty reduction? Drawing on cutting edge research, expert contributors address this fundamental question facing policy-makers in developing as well as advanced countries. This timely book builds upon insights on the recent developments in the intergovernmental literature first outlined in the Handbook of Fiscal Federalism. New empirical evidence from across the globe is presented: policy-oriented chapters evaluate fiscal federalism with an emphasis on the effectiveness of decentralized service delivery, the decentralization process in different parts of the world is appraised, and specially commissioned research focuses on the political economy process and the outcomes of the decentralization process. The role of international agencies, as explicit donors, is examined in several chapters
    Abstract: pt. 1. Positive approaches -- pt. 2. What do we know? -- pt. 3. Selected normative and policy issues
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9781848447189
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 339 p) , ill
    Series Statement: New horizons in money and finance
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Financial innovation in retail and corporate banking
    DDC: 332.17
    RVK:
    Keywords: 1976-2006 ; Bank ; Bankgeschäft ; Privatkundengeschäft ; Firmenkundengeschäft ; Finanzprodukt ; Wettbewerb ; Welt ; Banks and banking ; Financial services industry ; Banks and banking, International ; Kreditwesen ; Privatkundengeschäft ; Firmenkundengeschäft ; Finanzdienstleistung ; Finanzinnovation ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Electronic books ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Kreditwesen ; Privatkundengeschäft ; Firmenkundengeschäft ; Finanzdienstleistung ; Finanzinnovation ; Bankgeschäft ; Finanzdienstleistung
    Abstract: This valuable book discusses in detail, through a blend of theory and empirical research, the processes of innovation and the diffusion of new financial instruments
    Abstract: 1. Financial innovation and the economics of banking and the financial system / David T. Llewellyn -- 2. Is financial innovation still a relevant issue? / Luisa Anderloni and Paola Bongini -- 3. Microfinance, innovations and commercialisation / Reinhard H. Schmidt -- 4. Technological innovation in banking : the shift to ATMS and implicit pricing of network convenience / Santiago Carbó Valverde and David B. Humphrey -- 5. Financial innovation in internet banking : a comparative analysis / Francesa Arnabodi and Peter Claeys -- 6. How do internet payments challenge the retail payment industry? / David Bounie and Pierre Gazé -- 7. Intellectual property rights and standard setting in financial services : the case of the single European payments area / Robert M. Hunt, Samuli Simojoki and Tuomus Takalo -- 8. The regulatory and market developments of covered bonds in Europe / Giuseppina Chesini and Monica Tamisari -- 9. Credit derivatives versus loan sales : evidence from the European banking market / Mascia Bedendo and Brunella Bruno -- 10. On the required regulatory support for credit derivative markets / Rym Ayadi and Patrick Behr -- 11. Innovation in trading activity : should stock markets be more transparent? / Caterina Lucarelli, Camilla Mazzoli and Merlin Rothfeld
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham, U.K : Edward Elgar
    ISBN: 9781848447356
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 236 p) , ill
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Hutchens, Anna Changing big business
    DDC: 382.71
    RVK:
    Keywords: Fairer Handel ; Nord-Süd-Beziehungen ; Freihandel ; Globalisierung ; Kritik ; Anti-globalization movement ; Free trade ; Globalization Economic aspects ; Fairer Handel ; Organisation ; Marktmacht ; Globalisierung ; Electronic books ; Fairer Handel ; Organisation ; Marktmacht ; Globalisierung
    Abstract: Drawing on candid accounts from practitioners, producers and industry representatives, this informative and proactive volume investigates the challenges facing today's fair trade movement and provides unique insights into the workings of social and economic power in world markets
    Abstract: 1. 'Game-playing': rethinking power and empowerment -- 2. 'Power over' as global power in world markets -- 3. The history of fair trade -- 4. Networking networks for scale -- 5. Fairtrade as resistance -- 6. Fair trade as game-playing -- 7. Governance as 'creative destruction'
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 210-228) and index
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar
    ISBN: 9781785362941
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 713 p) , cm
    Series Statement: Elgar reference collection
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Globalization and free trade
    DDC: 382.71
    Keywords: Globalisierung ; Internationale Wirtschaft ; Freihandel ; Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen ; Welt ; Globalization Economic aspects ; Free trade ; Free trade ; Globalization ; Economic aspects ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Protectionism is back on the agenda as the financial crisis deepens. With calls for measures that purport to protect low income workers growing louder in the West, it is essential that the economic arguments in favour of free trade and globalization are re-emphasised. Philip Booth and Richard Wellings have brought together key papers originally published by the Institute of Economic Affairs, which, for the past 50 years, has been vigorously defending the case for free trade, and for globalization more generally. These important papers, which are not widely available, trace the development of the debate on the benefits of free trade during the last 50 years. The editors have written an authoritative introduction which offers a comprehensive overview of the arguments for and against globalization
    Abstract: Gerald P. O'Driscoll, Jr. and Sara F. Cooper (2005), 'International Trade and Global Stability', Economic Affairs, 25 (2), June, 37-43 -- E.J. Mishan (2005), 'Can Globalisation Depress Living Standards in the West?', Economic Affairs, 25 (3), September, 66-9 -- John Meadowcroft (2006), 'Free Trade, "Pauper Labour" and Prosperity: A Reply to Professor Mishan', Economic Affairs, 26 (1), March, 65-7 -- E.J. Mishan (2006), 'A Rejoinder to John Meadowcroft', Economic Affairs, 26 (1), March, 68-9 -- Krisztina Kis-Katos and Günther G. Schulze (2005), 'Regulation of Child Labour', Economic Affairs, 25 (3), September, 24-30 -- Jasson Urbach (2007), 'Development Goes Wireless', Economic Affairs, 27 (2), June, 20-28 -- Philip Booth and Linda Whetstone (2007), 'Half a Cheer for Fair Trade', Economic Affairs, 27 (2), June, 29-36 -- Razeen Sally (2008), Trade Policy, New Century: The WTO, FTAs and Asia Rising, Hobart Paper 163, London: Institute of Economic Affairs in association with Profile Books, 23-226
    Abstract: Recommended readings (Machine generated): Eamonn Butler (2007), 'The Wealth of Nations', in Adam Smith: A Primer, Chapter 3, Occasional Paper 141, London: Institute of Economic Affairs in association with Profile Books, 37-72 -- Harry G. Johnson (1969), 'On Demolishing Barriers to Trade', in D.H. Barran (ed), Harry G. Johnson (ed) and The Earl of Cromer, P.C., M.B.E (eds), Rebuilding the Liberal Order, Occasional Paper 27, London: Institute of Economic Affairs, 11-19 -- David Greenaway and Christopher Milner (1979), 'Identifying The Protective Motive: A. "Electoral" Influences, and B. Intervention and Market Failure' in Protectionism Again...? Causes and Consequences of a Retreat from Freer Trade to Economic Nationalism, Chapter 2, Hobart Paper 84, London: Institute of Economics Affairs, 16-27 -- Deepak Lal ([1983] 1997), 'Introduction', 'The External Environment I: Trade' and 'The External Environment II: Commodities and Foreign Capital', in The Poverty of 'Development Economics', Introduction, Chapter 2 and Chapter 3, Hobart Paperback No. 16, London: Institute of Economic Affairs, 1-3, 17-48 and 49-69 -- David Greenaway (1988), 'The Politics of Protection', Economic Affairs, 8 (2), December/January, 16-17 -- Charles Mensah (1991), 'Economic Freedom for Africa', Economic Affairs, 11 (5), September, 27-8 -- Jagdish Bhagwati (1995), 'Free Trade, "Fairness" and the New Protectionism', in Free Trade, 'Fairness' and the New Protectionism: Reflections on an Agenda for the World Trade Organisation, Occasional Paper 96, London: Institute of Economic Affairs for the Wincott Foundation, 9-42 -- Sir Alan Walters (1996), 'Does the World Need a World Bank?', Economic Affairs, 16 (4), Autumn, 14-17 -- Fred L. Smith, Jr. (1996), 'Trade and the Environment: Where Are We Going?', Economic Affairs, 16 (5), Winter, 33-38 -- Paul Collier (1998), Living Down the Past: How Europe Can Help Africa Grow, Studies in Trade and Development, No. 2, London: Institute of Economic Affairs, 9-39 -- David Henderson (1998), 'Part 2: The Uneasy Trend to Economic Liberalism', in The Changing Fortunes of Economic Liberalism: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow, Occasional Paper 105, London: Institute of Economic Affairs, 34-67 -- Marcus Noland (1999), The New Protectionists: The Privatisation of US Trade Policy, Studies in Trade and Development No. 3, London: Institute of Economic Affairs, 9-33 -- Lord Harris of High Cross (2002), 'Adam Smith: Revolutionary for the Third Millennium?', Economic Affairs, 22 (3), September, 37-42 -- Charles W. Calomiris (2002), A Globalist Manifesto for Public Policy: The Tenth Annual IEA Hayek Memorial Lecture, Occasional Paper 124, London: Institute of Economic Affairs in association with Profile Books, 15-70 -- Forrest Capie (2002), Capital Controls: A 'Cure' Worse than the Problem?, London: Institute of Economic Affairs in association with the Wincott Foundation and Profile Books, 15-109 -- Deepak Lal (2003), 'In Defence of Empires', Economic Affairs, 23 (4), December, 14-19 -- Daniel T. Griswold (2003), 'Migration, Globalisation and the Spirit of Peter Bauer', Economic Affairs, 23 (4), December, 20-26 -- Andrew Ryder (2003), 'Anti-Globalisation: Bad Wine in New Bottles?', Economic Affairs, 23 (3), September, 37-41 -- David Henderson (2004), 'Globalisation, "Civil Society" and "Global Governance"' and 'Global Salvationism and Consensus Pressures', in The Role of Business in the Modern World: Progress, Pressures and Prospects for the Market Economy', Chapter 3 and Chapter 4, Hobart Paper 150, London; Institute of Economic Affairs in association with Profile Books, 63-81 and 82-105
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , The recommended readings are available in the print version, or may be available via the link to your library's holdings
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  • 37
    ISBN: 0821380176 , 0821380192 , 9780821380178 , 9780821380192
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xlix, 311 p) , ill , 26 cm
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: A World Bank country study
    DDC: 337.1/729
    Keywords: Free trade ; Free trade ; Free trade ; Caribbean Area ; Caribbean Area ; Caribbean Area Economic integration ; Caribbean Area Economic policy ; Caribbean Area Economic integration ; Caribbean Area Economic policy
    Abstract: The main objective of this report is to help policymakers in the Caribbean design an agenda of policy actions to accelerate trade integration and growth, and to reduce poverty. Each part of the report focuses on a key question and provides an in-depth analysis of the issues raised, laying the foundations for policy recommendations described in the last chapter of the report. Part I asks whether the Caribbean's economic and trade system are sound enough to sustain the new era of its global trade relations. Part II addresses the opportunities and challenges that the new trade environment offers to the Caribbean. Part III assesses the impact of the recently-negotiated Economic Partnership Agreement on growth and poverty reduction using two types of macroeconomic models. The report concludes with policy priorities for accelerating Caribbean integration into the world economy and for reaping the benefits of global competition.--Publisher's description
    Description / Table of Contents: pt. 1. Overview of economic and trade system context. Macroeconomic and structural constraints on trade reform in the CaribbeanCaribbean regional and global trading relations -- Trade patterns and flows, and competitiveness issues -- pt. 2. Challenges and new opportunities. New areas of opportunities and challenges -- Capitalizing on a changing international environment -- pt. 3. Quantifying the impact of trade reform on growth, job creation, and poverty. Quantifying the gains from global trade integration : a dynamic macroeconomic analysis -- From diagnosis to policy recommendations.
    Note: "Document of the World Bank and the Organization of American States, co-produced with the Governments of CARIFORUM Countries , Includes bibliographical references (p. 307-311)
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 0821376489 , 0821376543 , 9780821376485 , 9780821376546
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xviii, 236 pages) , illustrations , 28 cm
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 332.1/532091724
    Keywords: World Bank ; Economic assistance Social aspects ; Poverty ; Unemployment
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, DC : World Bank
    ISBN: 082137754X , 0821377558 , 9780821377543 , 9780821377550
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (104 pages) , color illustrations , 27 cm
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 332.1/75086942096
    Keywords: Banks and banking ; Financial services industry ; Microfinance
    Abstract: Overview -- Banking the poor -- Starting to bank -- Adding customer services -- Building branchless banking -- Promoting access to banking -- Extending credit to entrepreneurs -- Increasing disclosure -- Data sources and methodology.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-76)
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4736
    Parallel Title: Ahmed, Sadiq Making regional cooperation work for South Asia's poor
    DDC: 360
    Keywords: Poverty ; Poverty ; South Asia Economic conditions ; South Asia Economic integration ; South Asia Economic conditions ; South Asia Economic integration
    Abstract: "South Asia has attracted global attention because it has experienced rapid GDP growth over the last two decades. What is not so well known is that South Asia is the least integrated region in the world. South Asia has opened its door to the rest of the world but it remains closed to its neighbors. Poor market integration, weak connectivity, and a history of friction and conflict have resulted in two South Asias. The first South Asia is dynamic, growing rapidly, highly urbanized, and is benefiting from global integration. The second South Asia is rural, land locked, full of poverty, and lagging. The divergence between the two South Asias is on the rise. Policy makers in South Asia have realized that countries and regions can not grow in isolation. The unique geography of South Asia-distance and density--has the potential to raise growth through increased flow of labor, capital, ideas, technology, goods and services within the region and with the rest of the world. Most lagging regions, in terms of both per capita income and poverty incidence, in South Asia are either land-locked or located in the border areas. Regional cooperation and market integration will unlock the development of these lagging regions in South Asia. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/12/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4797
    Parallel Title: Hoekman, Bernard M Trade policy, trade costs, and developing country trade
    RVK:
    Keywords: Free trade ; Free trade ; Developing countries Commercial policy ; Developing countries Commercial policy
    Abstract: "This paper briefly reviews new indices of trade restrictiveness and trade facilitation that have been developed at the World Bank. The paper also compares the trade impact of different types of trade restrictions applied at the border with the effects of domestic policies that affect trade costs. Based on a gravity regression framework, the analysis suggests that tariffs and non-tariff measures continue to be a significant source of trade restrictiveness for low-income countries despite preferential access programs. This is because the value of trade preferences is quite limited: a new measure of the relative preference margin developed in the paper reveals that this is very low for most country-pairs. Most countries with very good (duty-free) access to a market generally have competitors that have the same degree of access. The empirical analysis suggests that measures to improve logistics performance and facilitate trade are likely to have the greatest positive effects in expanding developing country trade, increasing the trade impacts of lowering remaining border barriers by a factor of two or more. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4742
    Parallel Title: Tsimpo, Clarence Rice prices and poverty in Liberia
    Keywords: Poverty ; Rice Prices ; Poverty ; Rice Prices
    Abstract: "When assessing the impact of changes in food prices on poverty, it is important to consider food producers (who may benefit from an increase in prices) as well as consumers (who loose out when the price increases), with a focus on poor consumers and producers. In the case of rice in Liberia however, the impact of a change in price is not ambiguous because a large share of the rice consumed is imported, while the rice locally produced is used mostly for auto-consumption. An increase in the price of rice will result in higher poverty in the country as a whole (even if some local producers will gain from this increase), while a reduction in price will reduce poverty. Furthermore, because rice represents a large share of food consumption, any change in its price is likely to have a large impact on poverty. Using data from the 2007 CWIQ survey, the paper finds that an increase or decrease of 20 percent in the price of rice could lead to an increase or decrease of three to four percentage points in the share of the population in poverty. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/12/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 43
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4740
    Parallel Title: Wodon, Quentin Assessing the potential impact on poverty of rising cereals prices
    Keywords: Grain Prices ; Poverty ; Grain Prices ; Poverty
    Abstract: "Concerns have been raised about the impact of rising food prices worldwide on the poor. To assess the (short term) impact of rising food prices in any particular country it is necessary to look at both the impact on food producers (who benefit from an increase in prices) and food consumers (who loose out when the price increases), with a focus on poor producers and consumers. In Ghana, the impact of a change in the price of rice is not ambiguous because a large share of the rice consumed is imported, so that the negative impact for consumers is much larger than the positive impact for producers. For maize by contrast, the impact is ambiguous since much of the consumption is locally produced. Using a recent and comprehensive household survey, this paper provides an assessment of the potential impact of higher food prices on the poor in Ghana using both simple statistical analysis and non-parametric methods. The paper finds that rising food prices for rice, maize, and other cereals would together lead to an increase in poverty, but that by contrast to a number of other countries, this increase, while not negligible, may not be as large as feared. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/12/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 44
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4788
    Parallel Title: Torre, Augusto de la Drivers and obstacles to banking SMEs
    Keywords: Banks and banking ; Banks and banking ; Small business ; Small business ; Banks and banking ; Banks and banking ; Small business ; Small business
    Abstract: "This paper studies the factors banks perceive as drivers and obstacles to financing small and medium enterprises (SMEs), focusing on the role of competition and the institutional framework. Using a survey of banks in Argentina and Chile, the paper shows that, despite alleged differences in the countries' environments regarding rules, regulations, and ease of doing business, SMEs have become a strategic segment for most banks in both countries. In particular, banks have begun to target SMEs due to the significant competition in the corporate and retail sectors. They perceive the SMEs market as highly profitable, large, and with good prospects. Moreover, banks are developing coping mechanisms to overcome the particular institutional obstacles present in each country and to compete for SMEs. Banks' interest in SMEs is not based on government programs, yet policy action might help reduce the cost of providing financing, especially long-term lending. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 45
    ISBN: 0821372912 , 0821372920 , 9780821372913 , 9780821372920
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xv, 246 p) , col. ill , 24 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: A World Bank policy research report
    DDC: 332.109172/4
    Keywords: Banks and banking ; Financial services industry ; Banks and banking ; Financial services industry ; Banks and banking ; Financial services industry
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 213-235) and index , Statement of responsibility from p. xiii
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4680
    Parallel Title: Finger, J. M Safeguards and antidumping in Latin American trade liberalization
    Keywords: Dumping (International trade) ; Free trade ; Dumping (International trade) ; Free trade
    Abstract: "The binding of tariff rates and adoption of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade/World Trade Organization-sanctioned safeguards and antidumping mechanisms provided the basis to remove a multitude of instruments of protection in the Latin American countries discussed in this paper. At the same time, they helped in maintaining centralized control over the management of pressures for protection in agencies with economy-wide accountabilities. The World Trade Organization's procedural requirements (for example, to follow published criteria, or participation by interested parties) helped leaders to change the culture of decision-making from one based on relationships to one based on objective criteria. However, when Latin American governments attempted to introduce economic sense - such as base price comparisons on an economically sensible measure of long-run international price rather than the more generous constructed cost concept that is the core of WTO rules - protection-seekers used the rules against them. They pointed out that World Trade Organization rules do not require the use of such criteria, nor do procedures in leading users (industrial countries) include such criteria. In sum, the administrative content of the rules supported liberalization; the economic content did not. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/20/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 47
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4739
    Parallel Title: Nouve, Kofi Impact of rising rice prices and policy responses in Mali
    Keywords: Poverty ; Rice Prices ; Poverty ; Rice Prices ; Mali Economic conditions ; Mali Economic conditions
    Abstract: "The increase in the international price of rice is likely to have substantial negative impacts on the poor in countries such as Mali which are net importers of rice. This paper relies on a dynamic CGE model to estimate the likely impact of the recent increase in rice prices on poverty with and without policy responses. Two sets of policy responses are considered: import tax cuts on rice and measures to increase productivity of domestic rice production. The results suggest that an increase in productivity would have a much larger positive impact than a reduction in taxes. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/12/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 48
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4745
    Parallel Title: Available in another form Potential impact of higher food prices on poverty
    Keywords: Food prices ; Food supply ; Poverty ; Food prices ; Food supply ; Poverty
    Abstract: "Concerns have been raised about the impact of rising food prices worldwide on the poor. To assess the impact of rising food prices in any particular country it is necessary to look at both the impact on food producers who are poor or near-poor and could benefit from an increase in prices and food consumers who are poor or near-poor and would loose out when the price increases. In most West and Central African countries, the sign (positive or negative) of the impact is not ambiguous because a substantial share of food consumption is imported, so that the negative impact for consumers is larger than the positive impact for net sellers of locally produced foods. Yet even if the sign of the impact is clear, its magnitude is not. Using a set of recent and comprehensive household surveys, this paper summarizes findings from an assessment of the potential impact of higher food prices on the poor in a dozen countries. Rising food prices for rice, wheat, maize, and other cereals as well as for milk, sugar and vegetable oils could lead to a substantial increase in poverty in many of the countries. At the same time, the data suggest that the magnitude of the increase in poverty between different countries is likely to be different. Finally, the data suggest that a large share of the increase in poverty will consist of deeper levels of poverty among households who are already poor, even if there will also be a larger number of poor households in the various countries. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/12/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 49
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4789
    Parallel Title: De Hoyos, Rafael E Can maquila booms reduce poverty?
    Keywords: Offshore assembly industry ; Poverty ; Women Employment ; Offshore assembly industry ; Poverty ; Women Employment
    Abstract: "This paper identifies and estimates the strength of the reduction in poverty linked to improved opportunities for women in the expanding maquila sector. A simulation exercise shows that, at a given point in time, poverty in Honduras would have been 1.5 percentage points higher had the maquila sector not existed. Of this increase in poverty, 0.35 percentage points is attributable to the wage premium paid to maquila workers, 0.1 percentage points to the wage premium received by women in the maquila sector, and 1 percentage point to employment creation. Given that female maquila workers represent only 1.1 percent of the active population in Honduras, this contribution to poverty reduction is significant. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 50
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4703
    Parallel Title: Chen, Shaohua The developing world is poorer than we thought, but no less successful in the fight against poverty
    Keywords: Poverty ; Poverty
    Abstract: "The paper presents a major overhaul to the World Bank's past estimates of global poverty, incorporating new and better data. Extreme poverty-as judged by what "poverty" means in the world's poorest countries-is found to be more pervasive than we thought. Yet the data also provide robust evidence of continually declining poverty incidence and depth since the early 1980s. For 2005 we estimate that 1.4 billion people, or one quarter of the population of the developing world, lived below our international line of
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/18/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4743
    Parallel Title: Coulombe, Harold Assessing the geographic impact of higher food prices in Guinea
    Keywords: Food prices ; Poverty ; Food prices ; Poverty
    Abstract: "Telling a policy maker that poverty will increase due to the recent increase in food prices is not very useful; telling the policy makers where the impact is likely to be larger is better, so that measures to cope with the impact of the crisis can be targeted to areas that need them the most. This paper shows how to use poverty mapping techniques to assess where higher food prices are likely to hurt the most using Guinea census and survey data as a case study. The results suggest that in the case of a rice price increase, the poorest areas of the country will not be the hardest hit, especially if the potential positive impact of higher food prices on rice producers is taken into account, in which case poverty may decline in some of these areas even if for the country as a whole poverty will increase significantly due to the large share of rice in the household consumption budget. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/12/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 52
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4744
    Parallel Title: Joseph, George Assessing the potential impact on poverty of rising cereals prices
    Keywords: Grain Prices ; Poverty ; Grain Prices ; Poverty
    Abstract: "Concerns have been raised about the impact of rising food prices worldwide on the poor. To assess the (short term) impact of rising food prices in any particular country it is necessary to look at both the impact on food producers (who benefit from an increase in prices) and food consumers (who loose out when the price increases), with a focus on poor producers and consumers. In Mali the impact of a change in the price of rice is not ambiguous because about half of the rice consumed in the country is imported, so that the negative impact for consumers is much larger than the positive impact for producers. By contrast, for millet and sorghum, as well as corn, the impact is more ambiguous since much of the consumption is locally produced. Using a recent and comprehensive household survey, this paper provides an assessment of the potential impact of higher food prices on the poor in Mali using both simple statistical analysis and non-parametric methods. The paper finds that rising food prices for rice, millet and sorghum, corn, as well as wheat and bread could together lead to a substantial increase in poverty, with the increase in the price of rice having by far the largest negative impact. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/12/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham : Edward Elgar
    ISBN: 9781848444010
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 248 p)
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Thirlwall, Anthony P., 1941 - 2023 Trade liberalisation and the poverty of nations
    DDC: 382.71
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Handelsliberalisierung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Exportinduziertes Wachstum ; Entwicklungsländer ; Free trade ; Electronic books ; Developing countries Economic conditions ; Developing countries Commerce ; Developing countries Commerce ; Entwicklungsländer ; Außenhandel ; Liberalisierung ; Entwicklungsländer ; Wirtschaftswachstum
    Abstract: This book argues that orthodox theory is based on many unreal assumptions, and that there are sound economic arguments for selective protection of industrial activities in the early stages of economic development. The historical evidence of the now-developed countries also illustrates this fact
    Abstract: 1. The theory and measurement of trade liberalisation -- 2. Trade liberalisation, trade performance and economic growth -- 3. Trade liberalisation and international inequality -- 4. Trade liberalisation, poverty and domestic inequality -- 5. Trade strategy and economic development
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 211-238) and index
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  • 54
    ISBN: 082137074X , 082137219X , 0821372203 , 9780821370742 , 9780821372197 , 9780821372203
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xix, 133 Seiten) , ill , 23 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg
    Series Statement: Directions in development. Countries and regions
    Uniform Title: Exclusão social e mobilidade no Brasil. 〈engl.〉
    DDC: 305.5/690981
    Keywords: Marginality, Social ; Poverty ; Social mobility ; Brazil / Social conditions
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-127) and index
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham, Glos, UK : Edward Elgar Pub
    ISBN: 9781785366895
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 v) , cm
    Series Statement: The globalization of the world economy 19
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Globalization and poverty
    DDC: 339.46
    RVK:
    Keywords: Globalisierung ; Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen ; Armut ; Welt ; Entwicklungsländer ; Globalization Economic aspects ; Poverty ; Electronic books ; Electronic books ; Electronic books ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Globalization provokes both excitement and fear. This comprehensive collection, which brings together some of the most important published work on the subject, addresses a core issue of contention: the implications of globalization for poverty and inequality. While the debate is highly politicized, this insightful set of papers focuses on the contributions made by academic economists. Globalization may be regarded by some as the realization of new opportunities through the removal of barriers to the flows of goods, services, factors and knowledge. However, it may also have adverse consequences: notably for farmers and unskilled workers in rich countries and for workers in protected industries in poor countries. In addition, this important collection investigates the implications of globalization for the power of international corporations and for the sovereignty of poor countries. It also explores topics such as the history of globalization, migration, capital movements and international institutions
    Abstract: Howard Pack (1994), 'Endogenous Growth Theory: Intellectual Appeal and Empirical Shortcomings', Journal of Economic Perspectives, 8 (1), Winter, 55-72 -- Mancur Olson, Jr. (1996), 'Big Bills Left on the Sidewalk: Why Some Nations Are Rich, and Others Poor', Journal of Economic Perspectives, 10 (2), Spring, 3-24 -- Paul Krugman and Anthony J. Venables (1995), 'Globalization and the Inequality of Nations', Quarterly Journal of Economics, CX (4), November, 857-80 -- Adrian Wood and Kersti Berge (1997), 'Exporting Manufactures: Human Resources, Natural Resources and Trade Policy', Journal of Development Studies, 34 (1), October, 35-59 -- Francisco Rodríguez and Dani Rodrik (2000), 'Trade Policy and Economic Growth: A Skeptic's Guide to the Cross-National Evidence', in Ben Bernanke (ed) and Kenneth S. Rogoff (ed) (eds), NBER Macroeconomics Annual, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press for NBER, 261-338 -- Andrew Berg and Anne Krueger (2003), 'Trade, Growth, and Poverty - A Selective Survey', in Boris Pleskovic (ed) and Nicholas Stern (ed) (eds), Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics 2003: The New Reform Agenda, New York, NY: World Bank and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 47-90 -- L. Alan Winters, Neil McCulloch and Andrew McKay (2004), 'Trade Liberalization and Poverty: The Evidence So Far', Journal of Economic Literature, XLII (1), March, 72-115 -- Aart Kraay (1999), 'Exports and Economic Performance: Evidence from a Panel of Chinese Enterprises', [subsequently published in French as 'Exportations et Performances Economiques: Etude d'un Panel d'Entreprises Chinoises', Revue d'Economie Du Développement, 1-2, 183-207], i, 1-26 -- Arne Bigsten, Paul Collier, Stefan Dercon, Marcel Fafchamps, Bernard Gauthier, Jan Willem Gunning, Abena Oduro, Remco Oostendorp, Catherine Pattillo, Måns Söderbom, Francis Teal and Albert Zeufack (2004), 'Do African Manufacturing Firms Learn from Exporting?', Journal of Development Studies, 40 (3), February, 115-41 -- Robert C. Feenstra and Gordon H. Hanson (1999), 'The Impact of Outsourcing and High-Technology Capital on Wages: Estimates for the United States, 1979-1990', Quarterly Journal of Economics, 114 (3), August, 907-40 -- Jeffrey G. Williamson (2004), 'The Political Economy of World Mass Migration', The Political Economy of World Mass Migration: Comparing Two Global Centuries, Washington, DC: AEI Press, 1-49, 51, 53-7 -- L. Alan Winters, Terrie L. Walmsley, Zhen Kun Wang and Roman Grynberg (2003), 'Liberalising Temporary Movement of Natural Persons: An Agenda for the Development Round', World Economy, 26 (8), August, 1137-61 -- Maurice Schiff (2005), 'Brain Gain: Claims About Its Size and Impact on Welfare and Growth Are Greatly Exaggerated', in Ça ̄glar Özden (ed) and Maurice Schiff (ed) (eds), International Migration, Remittances, and the Brain Drain, Chapter 2, Washington, DC: World Bank and Hampshire, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 201-25 -- Lemma W. Senbet (2001), 'Global Financial Crisis: Implications for Africa', Journal of African Economies, 10, AERC Supplement 1, 104-40 -- Barry Eichengreen, Ricardo Hausmann and Ugo Panizza (2007), 'Currency Mismatches, Debt Intolerance, and Original Sin: Why They Are Not the Same and Why it Matters', in Sebastian Edwards (ed) (ed.), Capital Controls and Capital Flows in Emerging Economies: Policies, Practices, and Consequences, Chapter 3, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 121-69 -- Paul Collier, Anke Hoeffler and Catherine Pattillo (2001), 'Flight Capital as a Portfolio Choice', World Bank Economic Review, 15 (1), September, 55-80 -- E. Borensztein, J. De Gregorio and J-W. Lee (1998), 'How Does Foreign Direct Investment Affect Economic Growth?', Journal of International Economics, 45, 115-35 -- Dani Rodrik (1998), 'Why Do More Open Economies Have Bigger Governments?', Journal of Political Economy, 106 (5), 997-1032 -- T.N. Srinivasan (1996), 'International Trade and Labour Standards From an Economic Perspective', in Pitou van Dijck (ed) and Gerrit Faber (ed) (eds), Challenges to the New World Trade Organization, Chapter 11, The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 219-43
    Abstract: Kathleen Beegle, Rajeev H. Dehejia and Roberta Gatti (2006), 'Child Labor, and Agricultural Shocks', Journal of Development Economics, 81, 80-96 -- Drusilla K. Brown, Alan V. Deardorff and Robert M. Stern (2003), 'The Effects of Multinational Production on Wages and Working Conditions in Developing Countries', in Robert E. Baldwin (ed) and L. Alan Winters (ed) (eds), Challenges to Globalization: Analyzing the Economics, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 279-326 -- Jagdish Bhagwati and T.N. Srinivasan (1996), 'Trade and the Environment: Does Environmental Diversity Detract from the Case for Free Trade?', in Jagdish Bhagwati (ed) and Robert E. Hudec (ed) (eds), Fair Trade and Harmonization: Prerequisites for Free Trade?, Volume I: Economic Analysis, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 159-223 -- Paul Collier and David Dollar (2002), 'Aid Allocation and Poverty Reduction', European Economic Review, 46, 1475-1500 -- Catherine Pattillo, Hélène Poirson and Luca Ricci (2004), 'Through What Channels Does External Debt Affect Growth?', Brookings Trade Forum 2003, 229-77 -- Seema Jayachandran and Michael Kremer (2006), 'Odious Debt', American Economic Review, 96 (1), March, 82-92 -- David E. Sahn and Stephen D. Younger (2004), 'Growth and Poverty Reduction in Sub-Saharan Africa: Macroeconomic Adjustment and Beyond', Journal of African Economies, 13 (1), AERC Supplement 1, i66-i95 -- Paul Collier and Jan Willem Gunning (1999), 'The IMF's Role in Structural Adjustment', Economic Journal, 109 (459), November, F634-51 -- Joseph E. Stiglitz (1999), 'Beggar-Thyself Versus Beggar-Thy-Neighbor Policies: The Dangers of Intellectual Incoherence in Addressing the Global Financial Crisis', Southern Economic Journal, January, 66 (1), July, 2-38 -- Dani Rodrik (1998), 'Who Needs Capital-Account Convertibility?', in Stanley Fischer (ed), Richard N. Cooper (ed), Rudiger Dornbusch (ed), Peter M. Garber (ed), Carlos Massad (ed), Jacques J. Polak (ed), Dani Rodrik (ed) and Savak S. Tarapore (ed) (eds), Should the IMF Pursue Capital-Account Convertibility?, Princeton Essays in International Finance, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University, 207, May, 55-65 -- Paul Collier (2006), 'Why the WTO is Deadlocked: And What Can Be Done About It', World Economy, 29 (10), October, 1423-49 -- Michael Kremer (2002), 'Pharmaceuticals and the Developing World', Journal of Economic Perspectives, 16 (4), Fall, 67-90 -- Scott Barrett (2003), 'Global Disease Eradication', Journal of the European Economic Association, 1 (2-3), April-May, 591-600 -- Sir Anthony B. Atkinson (2007), 'Innovative Sources for Development Finance: Global Public Economics', in Francis Bourguignon (ed), Pierre Jacquet (ed) and Boris Pleskovic (ed) (eds), Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics - Europe 2004, 191-207
    Abstract: Recommended readings (Machine generated): Robert E. Lucas, Jr. (2003), 'The Industrial Revolution: Past and Future', Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis 2003 Annual Report, 5-20 -- Jeffrey G. Williamson (2005), 'Winners and Losers Over Two Centuries of Globalization', in Wider Perspectives on Global Development, Chapter 6, Hampshire, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 136-74 -- Paul Collier and David Dollar (2002), 'The New Wave of Globalization and its Economic Effects', in Globalization, Growth and Poverty, Chapter 1, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press for the World Bank, 23-51 -- Ravi Kanbur (2001), 'Economic Policy, Distribution and Poverty: The Nature of Disagreements', World Development, 29 (6), 1083-94 -- François Bourguignon and Christian Morrisson (2002), 'Inequality Among World Citizens: 1820-1992', American Economic Review, 92 (4), September, 727-44 -- Martin Ravallion (2004), 'Competing Concepts of Inequality in the Globalization Debate', Brookings Trade Forum 2004, Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 1-38 -- Shaohua Chen and Martin Ravallion (2004), 'How Have the World's Poorest Fared Since the Early 1980s?', World Bank Research Observer, 19 (2), Fall, 141-69 -- Lant Pritchett (1997), 'Divergence, Big Time', Journal of Economic Perspectives, 11 (3), Summer, 3-17 -- Branko Milanovic (2002), 'True World Income Distribution, 1988 and 1993: First Calculation Based on Household Surveys Alone', Economic Journal, 112 (476), January, 51-92 -- Dan Ben-David (1993), 'Equalizing Exchange: Trade Liberalization and Income Convergence', Quarterly Journal of Economics, 108 (3), August, 653-79 -- Anthony J. Venables (2003), 'Winners and Losers from Regional Integration Agreements', Economic Journal, 113 (490), October, 747-61 -- David Dollar and Aart Kraay (2002), 'Growth is Good for the Poor', Journal of Economic Growth, 7, 195-225 -- Martin Ravallion (2001), 'Growth, Inequality and Poverty: Looking Beyond Averages', World Development, 29 (11), 1803-15 -- Howard L.M. Nye and Sanjay G. Reddy (2002), 'Dollar and Kraay on "Trade, Growth and Poverty": A Critique', 1-11, unpublished 343 -- Edward Anderson (2005), 'Openness and Inequality in Developing Countries: A Review of Theory and Recent Evidence', World Development, 33 (7), 1045-63 -- Ravi Kanbur and Xiaobo Zhang (2005), 'Fifty Years of Regional Inequality in China: A Journey Through Central Planning, Reform, and Openness', Review of Development Economics, 9 (1), 87-106 -- Arvind Panagariya (2004), 'India's Trade Reform', India Policy Forum 2004, 1, 1-68 -- Norman Loayza, Pablo Fajnzylber and César Calderón (2005), 'The Experience of Economic Growth in Latin America and the Caribbean', Washington, DC: World Bank, 1-51, abridged 463 -- Paul Collier and Jan Willem Gunning (1999), 'Why Has Africa Grown Slowly?', Journal of Economic Perspectives, 13 (3), Summer, 3-22
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , The recommended readings are available in the print version, or may be available via the link to your library's holdings
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 0821375652 , 0821375660 , 9780821375655 , 9780821375662
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xviii, 285 p) , ill., map , 23 cm.
    Additional Material: 1 CD-ROM (4 3/4 in.)
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Directions in development. Poverty
    DDC: 339.4/609679
    Keywords: Poverty ; Poverty ; Poverty ; Mozambique ; Mozambique ; Mozambique Economic conditions 1975- ; Mozambique Social conditions 1975- ; Mozambique Economic conditions 1975- ; Mozambique Social conditions 1975-
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 263-275) and index
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  • 57
    ISBN: 082137205X , 0821372068 , 9780821372050 , 9780821372067
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xiii, 182 p) , ill , 23 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    DDC: 362.5/561091724
    Keywords: Budget ; Economic assistance Management ; Poverty Government policy ; Budget ; Economic assistance Management ; Poverty Government policy ; Budget ; Economic assistance ; Poverty
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 173-176) and index
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 0821372238 , 0821372246 , 9780821372234 , 9780821372241
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (vii, 78 p) , ill., map , 23 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Environment and development
    DDC: 339.4/9091724
    Keywords: Environmental health ; Households Economic aspects ; Infrastructure (Economics) ; Natural resources ; Poverty Environmental aspects ; Environmental health ; Households Economic aspects ; Infrastructure (Economics) ; Natural resources ; Poverty Environmental aspects ; Environmental health ; Households ; Infrastructure (Economics) ; Natural resources ; Poverty
    Description / Table of Contents: Understanding poverty-environment linkages at the household level -- Poverty and environmental change at the macro scale -- Environmental management and pathways to household welfare -- Scope of the report -- Some key conclusions -- Local natural resources, poverty, and degradation: examining empirical regularities -- The importance of environmental income to the poor -- Commons as a source of insurance -- The effect of growth on local resource use -- Welfare impacts of degradation -- The role of poverty in environmental change -- Conclusions -- Health outcomes and environmental pathogens -- Theoretical linkages between health outcomes and environmental conditions -- Empirical evidence of linkages between health outcomes and environmental conditions -- How robust are the empirical findings? -- Conclusions and tentative policy implications -- Household welfare and policy reforms -- Selected policy reforms: evidence from case studies -- Challenges and data limitations -- Conclusions -- Directions for change -- Use of local natural resources -- Design principles for improving environmental health -- Better data for monitoring change -- Policy reforms for managing the environment and reducing poverty -- Moving forward.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-74) and index
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  • 59
    ISBN: 082137530X , 0821375318 , 9780821375303 , 9780821375310
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xiv, 139 p) , ill., map , 23 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Directions in development. Poverty
    DDC: 331.109691
    Keywords: Labor market ; Labor productivity ; Poverty ; Wages ; Labor market ; Labor productivity ; Poverty ; Wages ; Labor market ; Labor productivity ; Poverty ; Wages
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 131-134) and index
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  • 60
    ISBN: 082137074X , 082137219X , 0821372203 , 9780821370742 , 9780821372197 , 9780821372203
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xix, 133 p) , ill , 23 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe World Bank E-Library Archive Sonstige Standardnummer des Gesamttitels: 041181-4
    Series Statement: Directions in development. Countries and regions
    Uniform Title: Exclusão social e mobilidade no Brasil.
    Parallel Title: Reproduktion von Social exclusion and mobility in Brazil
    DDC: 305.5/690981
    Keywords: Sozialgeschichte 1977-2001 ; Soziale Mobilität ; Ausgrenzung ; Brasilien ; Brazil Social conditions ; Brasilien ; Marginality, Social ; Brazil ; Poverty ; Brazil ; Social mobility ; Brazil ; Brasilien ; Soziale Mobilität ; Ausgrenzung ; Sozialgeschichte 1977-2001
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-127) and index , Erscheinungsjahr in Vorlageform:c2008
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 0821371614 , 0821371622 , 9780821371619 , 9780821371626
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xi, 62 p) , ill , 26 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: World Bank working paper no. 118
    DDC: 339.4/60947
    Keywords: Pauvreté ; Pauvreté ; Poverty ; Poverty ; Pauvreté ; Pauvreté ; Poverty ; Poverty ; Asia, Central Economic policy 1991- ; Europe, Eastern Economic policy 1989- ; Asia, Central Economic policy 1991- ; Europe, Eastern Economic policy 1989-
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-62)
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham : Edward Elgar and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
    ISBN: 9781781009796
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (viii, 232 p) , ill
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Beyond food production
    DDC: 339.4/6091724
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Armut ; Landwirtschaft ; Entwicklungsländer ; Agriculture Economic aspects ; Agriculture and state ; Poverty ; Electronic books ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Entwicklungsländer ; Schwellenländer ; Armut ; Landwirtschaftsentwicklung ; Agrarproduktion
    Abstract: Synthesis and theoretical background -- Country case studies.
    Abstract: The importance of agricultural growth to poverty reduction is well known, but the specific channels through which the poor can take advantage of growth require further research. Beyond Food Production takes on this challenge, investigating four important channels: rural labor markets, farm incomes, food prices, and linkages to other economic sectors
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham : Edward Elgar
    ISBN: 9781847205353
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xviii, 210 p)
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Das, Dilip K., 1945 - The evolving global trade architecture
    DDC: 382/.92
    RVK:
    Keywords: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Organization) ; World Trade Organization ; Uruguay Round ; Weltwirtschaftsordnung ; Internationale Wirtschaftspolitik ; Wirtschaftskonferenz ; Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen ; Internationale Wirtschaftsorganisation ; Welt ; Free trade ; International trade ; Foreign trade regulation ; Globalization Economic aspects ; International economic relations ; Electronic books ; WTO-Recht ; World Trade Organization ; Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations ; Freihandel ; Welthandel ; Globalisierung
    Abstract: Development, developing economies and the multilateral trade regime -- Necessity for a development round -- Special treatment and policy space for the developing economies in the multilateral trade regime -- The Fifth Ministerial Conference : the wheels come off at Cancún -- Enter the developing economies : transforming the landscape of the multilateral trade regime -- The Sixth Ministerial Conference : the lean Hong Kong harvest -- The Doha Round : a disenchanting evolutionary process.
    Abstract: This comprehensive and accessible book examines the evolution of the multilateral trade regime in the ever-changing global economic environment, particularly during the WTO era and the ongoing Doha Round. Professor Das explores how the creation of the multilateral trade regime, or the GATT/WTO system, has been fraught with difficulties. He describes the ways, by means of various rounds of negotiations, the multilateral trade regime has constantly adjusted itself to the new realities of the global economy
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 198-207) and index
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  • 64
    ISBN: 9781847205360
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 254 p) , ill
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als MicroFranchising
    DDC: 381/.13
    RVK:
    Keywords: Entwicklungspolitik ; Mikrofinanzierung ; Franchising ; Armutsbekämpfung ; Kleinbauern ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Telekommunikation ; Entwicklungsländer ; Afrika ; Franchises (Retail trade) ; Small business ; Poverty ; Poverty Prevention ; Entwicklungsländer ; Kleinstbetrieb ; Franchising ; Armut ; Bekämpfung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Electronic books ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Entwicklungsländer ; Kleinstbetrieb ; Franchising ; Armut ; Bekämpfung
    Abstract: Why microfranchising is needed now : introduction and book overview / Jason S. Fairbourne -- Microfranchising : the next step on the development ladder / Stephen W. Gibson -- The informal economy and microfranchising / Michael Henriques and Mathias Herr -- Current international development tools to combat poverty / Warner Woodworth -- Opportunities for partnership : how microfinance and microfranchising compliment each. other / John Hatch. -- Microfranchising and the base of the pyramid / Molly Hoyt and Eliot Jamison -- Microfranchise business models / Kirk Magleby -- Honey Care Africa / Farouk Jiwa -- Franchising healthcare for Kenya : the HealthStore Foundation model / Michelle Fertig and Herc Tzaras -- Vodacom Community Services : rural telephone access for South Africa / Lisa Jones Christensen, Jennifer (Reck) Van Kirk and Brad Wood -- Scojo Foundation / Jordan Kassalow, Graham Macmillan, and Neil Blumenthal -- Microfranchise funding / Naoko Felder-Kuzu -- The future of microfranchising : opportunities and challenges / W. Gibb Dyer, Jr.
    Abstract: This unique book provides an overview of the need to alleviate poverty and what methods have been used in the past to do so (e.g. microcredit). It then introduces the concept of the microfranchise and discusses how this business model can be used in poverty alleviation. Different models of microfranchising are reviewed and specific case studies highlighted to show how it has worked in different parts of the world. The book concludes with a discussion of the advantages as well as the potential problems and pitfalls that accompany microfranchising
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 65
    ISBN: 0821370367 , 0821370375 , 9780821370360 , 9780821370377
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (vii, 34 p) , ill , 26 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Africa Region human development series
    DDC: 368.1/210091724
    Keywords: Insurance ; Poverty ; Risk (Insurance) ; Insurance ; Poverty ; Risk (Insurance) ; Insurance ; Poverty ; Risk (Insurance) ; Africa ; Africa Economic conditions 1960- ; Africa Economic conditions 1960-
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Index-based insurance in low income contexts: potential and limitations -- Recent global innovations -- Forays into insurance in Africa -- Future directions and conclusions.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 33-34)
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  • 66
    ISBN: 0821368885 , 0821368893 , 9780821368886 , 9780821368893
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (liv, 504 p) , ill., maps , 23 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Directions in development. Environment and sustainable development
    DDC: 363.7009861
    Keywords: Environmental health ; Fuel Health aspects ; Indoor air pollution ; Industries Environmental aspects ; Pollution ; Poverty ; Environmental health ; Fuel Health aspects ; Indoor air pollution ; Industries Environmental aspects ; Pollution ; Poverty ; Environmental health ; Fuel ; Indoor air pollution ; Industries ; Pollution ; Poverty ; Colombia ; Colombia Environmental conditions ; Colombia Environmental conditions
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 67
    ISBN: 0821368907 , 0821368915 , 9780821368909 , 9780821368916
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xviii, 267 p) , ill , 24 cm.
    Additional Material: 1 CD-ROM (4 3/4 in.)
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    DDC: 362.5/561091724
    Keywords: Economic assistance Evaluation ; Economic policy Evaluation ; Poverty Government policy ; Evaluation ; Economic assistance Evaluation ; Economic policy Evaluation ; Poverty Government policy ; Evaluation ; Economic assistance ; Economic policy ; Poverty
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Statement of responsibility from acknowledgments
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  • 68
    ISBN: 0821371738 , 0821371746 , 9780821371732 , 9780821371749
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xviii, 329 p) , ill , 23 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    DDC: 201/.76
    Keywords: Economic development Religious aspects ; Poverty ; Religion and social problems ; Economic development Religious aspects ; Poverty ; Religion and social problems ; Economic development ; Poverty ; Religious aspects ; Religion and social problems
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 315-317) and index
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : Palgrave Macmillan
    ISBN: 0821369296 , 082136930X , 0821370308 , 9780821369296 , 9780821369302 , 9780821370308
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xix, 308 p) , ill , 25 cm
    Edition: Rev. ed
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    DDC: 337
    Keywords: Capital movements ; Economic assistance ; Economic development ; Economic policy ; Emigration and immigration ; Globalization Economic aspects ; Globalization Economic aspects ; International economic relations ; International trade ; Poverty ; Capital movements ; Economic assistance ; Economic development ; Economic policy ; Emigration and immigration ; Globalization Economic aspects ; Globalization Economic aspects ; International economic relations ; International trade ; Poverty ; Capital movements ; Economic assistance ; Economic development ; Economic policy ; Emigration and immigration ; Globalization ; Globalization ; International economic relations ; Economic aspects ; Economic aspects ; International trade ; Developing countries ; Poverty
    Description / Table of Contents: Background and context -- Globalization and poverty -- Trade -- Finance -- Aid -- Migration/with Andrew L. Beath -- Ideas -- Toward a policy agenda.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 265-284) and index
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  • 70
    ISBN: 0821363999 , 9780821363997
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xix, 246 p) , ill., col. maps , 23 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Directions in development
    DDC: 363.8/56
    Keywords: Economic assistance ; Malnutrition ; Nutrition Government policy ; Poverty ; Economic assistance ; Malnutrition ; Nutrition Government policy ; Poverty ; Economic assistance ; Malnutrition ; Nutrition ; Poverty ; Developing countries ; Developing countries Economic conditions ; Developing countries Economic conditions
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 219-237) and index
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  • 71
    ISBN: 0821364863 , 9780821364864
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xxvi, 520 p) , ill., maps , 23 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    DDC: 339.4/6091724
    Keywords: Poverty ; Poverty ; Poverty ; Developing countries ; Developing countries Economic policy ; Developing countries Economic policy
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 0821363220 , 9780821363225
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xxi, 389 p) , ill., maps , 26 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    DDC: 339.4/6/096
    Keywords: Economic assistance Case studies ; Economic development projects Case studies ; Poverty Case studies ; Economic assistance Case studies ; Economic development projects Case studies ; Poverty Case studies ; Economic assistance ; Economic development projects ; Poverty
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 73
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3973
    Parallel Title: Skoufias, Emmanuel Conditional cash transfers, adult work incentives, and poverty
    Keywords: Incentives in industry ; Poverty ; Transfer payments ; Incentives in industry ; Poverty ; Transfer payments
    Abstract: "Conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs aim to alleviate poverty through monetary and in-kind benefits, as well as reduce future levels of poverty by encouraging investments in education, health, and nutrition. The success of CCT programs at reducing poverty depends on whether, and the extent to which, cash transfers affect adult work incentives. The authors examine whether the PROGRESA program of Mexico affects adult participation in the labor market and overall adult leisure time, and they link these effects to the impact of the program on poverty. Using the experimental design of PROGRESA's evaluation sample, the authors find that the program does not have any significant effect on adult labor force participation and leisure time. Their findings on adult work incentives are reinforced further by the result that PROGRESA leads to a substantial reduction in poverty. The poverty reduction effects are stronger for the poverty gap and severity of poverty measures. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/21/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 74
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3976
    Parallel Title: Annabi, Nabil Implications of WTO agreements and unilateral trade policy reforms for poverty in Bangladesh
    Keywords: World Trade Organization ; World Trade Organization ; Poverty ; Poverty
    Abstract: "The authors examine the effects of WTO agreements and domestic trade policy reforms on production, welfare, and poverty in Bangladesh. They use a sequential dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, which takes into account accumulation effects, allowing for long-run analysis. The study is based on the 2000 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) of Bangladesh including 15 production sectors, four factors of production (skilled and unskilled labor, agricultural and nonagricultural capital), and nine household groups (five in rural areas and four in urban areas). To examine the link between the macroeconomic effects and microeconomic effects in terms of poverty, the authors use the representative household approach with actual intra-group income distributions. The study presents five simulations for which the major findings are: (1) The Doha scenario has negative implications for the overall macroeconomy, household welfare, and poverty in Bangladesh. Terms of trade deteriorate and consumer prices, particularly food prices, increase more than nominal incomes, especially among poor households. (2) Free world trade has similar, but larger, impacts. (3) Domestic trade liberalization induces an expansion of agricultural and light manufacturing sectors, favorable changes in the domestic terms of trade. Although the short-run welfare and poverty impacts are negative, these turn positive in the long run when capital has adjusted through new investments. Rising unskilled wage rates make the poorest households the biggest winners in terms of welfare and poverty reduction. (4) Domestic liberalization effects far outweigh those of free world trade when these scenarios are combined. (5) Remittances constitute a powerful poverty-reducing tool given their greater importance in the income of the poor. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/25/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 75
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3980
    Parallel Title: Klytchnikova, Irina Trade reforms, farm productivity, and poverty in Bangladesh
    Keywords: Agricultural productivity ; Free trade ; Poverty ; Agricultural productivity ; Free trade ; Poverty ; Bangladesh Rural conditions ; Bangladesh Rural conditions
    Abstract: "This paper analyzes the distributional impacts of trade reforms in rural areas of Bangladesh. The liberalization of trade in irrigation equipment and fertilizer markets during the early 1990s has led to structural changes in the agricultural sector and a significant increase in rice productivity. A resulting increase in output has been associated with a decline in producer and consumer rice prices of approximately 25 percent. Using a combination of ex-post and ex-ante approaches, the authors investigate the implications of the changes in rice productivity and prices for the welfare of households. They find that the net effects of increased rice productivity and lower rice prices have benefited the poor. Regardless of the particular category analyzed, the poorest households emerged as being particularly positively affected by reforms in the 1990s. This mainly reflects the fact that they are predominantly net rice buyers in both urban and rural markets. In contrast, large net sellers of rice, among the better-off households in the rural areas, were the main losers. Since net buyers in rural areas tend to be poorer than net sellers, trade liberalization has benefited the poor. Although the authors are not able to test empirically what has happened to the welfare level of agricultural wage earners, secondary evidence suggests that they have gained from trade liberalization. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/21/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 76
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3985
    Parallel Title: Almeida, Rita Openness and technological innovations in developing countries
    Keywords: Free trade ; Technological innovations Economic aspects ; Technology transfer ; Free trade ; Technological innovations Economic aspects ; Technology transfer
    Abstract: "The authors analyze the role of international technological diffusion for firm-level technological innovations in several developing countries. Their findings show that, after controlling for firm, industry, and country characteristics, exporting and importing activities are important channels for the diffusion of technology. They also find evidence that the majority of foreign-owned firms are significantly less likely to engage in technological innovations than minority foreign-owned firms or domestic-owned firms. The authors interpret this finding as evidence that the technology transferred from multinational parents to majority-owned subsidiaries is more mature than that transferred to minority-owned subsidiaries. This finding supports the idea that equity joint ventures maximize technology transfers to local firms. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/21/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 77
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham, U.K : Edward Elgar
    ISBN: 9781847203168
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 314 p)
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Poverty strategies in Asia
    DDC: 339.4/6095
    RVK:
    Keywords: 1990-2003 ; Armut ; Armutsbekämpfung ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Asien ; Poverty ; Electronic books ; Asia Economic policy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Südostasien ; Südasien ; Armut ; Wirtschaftspolitik
    Abstract: It is widely recognized that while high and sustained economic growth is critical for poverty reduction, there are other policy interventions that may also be significant in a "growth plus" approach to poverty reduction. This volume brings together a series of case studies on the poverty impact of alternative interventions in a broad range of Asian economies. The measures examined within the book cover trade liberalization both in general and in a specific market, infrastructure investment (particularly in roads), population policies, cash transfers, microfinance, employment guarantee programs and contract farming. The countries covered include the Philippines, Lao PDR, Pakistan, India and Thailand. While the results illustrated by the contributors are mixed, they demonstrate the potential for further progress in poverty reduction
    Abstract: 1. Poverty strategies in Asia : growth plus / Haider A. Khan and John Weiss -- 2. Macro-modeling of poverty and the dual-dual model / Haider A. Khan -- 3. Rice market reform and poverty in the Philippines / Caesar B. Cororaton -- 4. Infrastructure and poverty : cross-country evidence / Hossein Jalilian and John Weiss -- 5. Roads and poverty reduction in Lao PDR / Peter Warr -- 6. Poverty, vulnerability and family size : evidence from the Philippines / Aniceto C. Orbeta Jr. -- 7. Poverty targeting in Pakistan : the role of Zakat and the Lady Health Worker Program / G.M. Arif -- 8. Serving the poorest of the poor : the poverty impact of the Khushhali Bank's microfinance lending in Pakistan / Heather Montgomery -- 9. The role of community preferences in targeting the rural poor : evidence from Uttar Pradesh / Pradeep Srivastava -- 10. Contract farming and poverty reduction : the case of organic rice contract farming in Thailand / Sununtar Setboonsarng, PingSun Leung and Junning Cai
    Note: "A joint publication of the Asian Development Bank Institute and Edward Elgar Publishing"--T.p , Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 78
    ISBN: 9781845429867
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 392 p) , ill., port
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Human development in the era of globalization
    DDC: 339.4/6/091734
    Keywords: Globalisierung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Armut ; Vermögensverteilung ; Einkommensverteilung ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Entwicklung ; Welt ; Poverty ; Economic policy ; Electronic books ; Festschrift ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Armut
    Abstract: Honoring Keith Griffin's more than 40 years of fundamental contributions to the discipline of economics, the papers in this volume reflect his deep commitment to advancing the well-being of the world's poor majority and his unflinching willingness to question conventional wisdom as to how this should be done
    Abstract: pt. 1. Perspectives on Chinese development -- pt. 2. Agriculture and rural poverty -- pt. 3. Dimensions of human development -- pt. 4. Globalization and inequality -- pt. 5. Strategies for reducing poverty and inequality
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 79
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3813
    Parallel Title: Panagariya, Arvind Preferential trading in South Asia
    Keywords: Free trade ; Tariff preferences ; Free trade ; Tariff preferences
    Abstract: "The authors examine the economic case for the South Asia Free Trade Area (SAFTA) Agreement signed on January 6, 2004 by India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, and the Maldives. They start with a detailed analysis of the preferential trading arrangements in South Asia to look at the region's experience to date and to draw lessons. Specifically, they examine the most effective free trade area in existence-the India-Sri Lanka Free Trade Area-and evaluate the developments under the South Asian Preferential Trade Area (SAPTA). The authors conclude that, considered in isolation, the economic case for SAFTA is weak. When compared with the rest of the world, the region is tiny both in terms of economic size as measured by GDP (and per capita incomes) and the share in world trade. It is argued that these facts make it unlikely that trade diversion would be dominant as a result of SAFTA. This point is reinforced by the presence of high levels of protection in the region and the tendency of the member countries to establish highly restrictive "sectoral exceptions and sensitive lists" and stringent "rules of origin." The authors argue that the SAFTA makes sense only in the context of a much broader strategy of creating a larger preferential trade area in the region that specifically would encompass China and the member nations of the Association of South East Asian Nations. In turn, the case for the latter is strategic: the pursuit of regionalism in the Americas and Europe has created increasing discrimination against Asian exports to those regions, which must inevitably affect the region's terms of trade adversely. An Asian bloc could be a potential instrument of changing incentives for the trade blocs in the Americas and Europe and forcing multilateral freeing of trade. Assuming that the SAFTA Agreement is here to stay, the authors suggest steps to ensure that the Agreement can be made more effective in promoting intra-regional trade, while minimizing the likely trade-diversion costs and maximizing the potential benefits. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 1/12/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 80
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3838
    Parallel Title: Adams, Richard H. Jr Remittances and poverty in Ghana
    Keywords: Emigrant remittances ; Poverty ; Emigrant remittances ; Poverty
    Abstract: "The author uses a large, nationally representative household survey to analyze the impact of internal remittances (from Ghana) and international remittances (from African and other countries) on poverty in Ghana. With only one exception, he finds that both types of remittances reduce the level, depth, and severity of poverty in Ghana. But the size of the poverty reduction depends on how poverty is being measured. The author finds that poverty is reduced more when international, as opposed to internal, remittances are included in household income, and when poverty is measured by the more sensitive poverty measures-poverty gap and squared poverty gap. For example, the squared poverty gap measure shows that including international remittances in household expenditure (income) reduces the severity of poverty by 34.8 percent, while including internal remittances in such income reduces the severity of poverty by only 4.1 percent. International remittances reduce the severity of poverty more than internal remittances because of the differential impact of these two types of remittances on poor households. Households in the poorest decile group receive 22.7 percent of their total household expenditure (income) from international remittances, as opposed to only 13.8 percent of such income from internal remittances. When these "poorest of the poor" households receive international remittances, their income status changes dramatically and this in turn has a large effect on any poverty measure-like the squared poverty gap-that considers both the number and distance of poor households beneath the poverty line. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 2/7/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 81
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3850
    Parallel Title: Bussolo, Maurizio Do regional trade pacts benefit the poor?
    Keywords: Free trade ; Income distribution ; Poverty ; Free trade ; Income distribution ; Poverty
    Abstract: "The main objective of this paper is to provide an ex-ante assessment of the poverty and income distribution impacts of the Central American Free Trade Area agreement on Nicaragua. The authors use a general equilibrium macro model to simulate trade reform scenarios and estimate their price effects, while a micro-module maps these price changes into real income changes at the individual household level. A useful insight from this analysis is that even if the final total impact on poverty is not too large, its dispersion across households-due to their heterogeneity of factor endowments, inputs use, commodity production, and consumption preferences-is significant and should be taken into account when designing compensatory policies. Additionally, growth and redistribution decomposition show that, at least in the short to medium run, redistribution can be as important as growth. The main policy message that emerges from the paper is that Nicaragua should consider enlarging its own liberalization to countries other than the United States to boost trade-induced poverty reductions. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/8/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 82
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3891
    Parallel Title: Casacuberta, Carlos Protection, openness, and factor adjustment
    Keywords: Free trade ; Structural adjustment (Economic policy) ; Tariff ; Free trade ; Structural adjustment (Economic policy) ; Tariff
    Abstract: "The authors use a panel of manufacturing firms to analyze the adjustment process in capital blue collar and white collar employment in Uruguay during a period of trade liberalization when average tariff protection fell from 43 to 14 percent. They calculate the desired factor levels arising from a counterfactual profit maximization in the absence of adjustment costs, generating a measure of factor shortages or surpluses. The average estimated output gap for 1982-95 is 2 percent. The authors' policy analysis shows that trade openness affected the adjustment functions of all three factors of production. Highly protected sectors adjust less when creating jobs (reducing labor shortages) than sectors with low protection. This may be due to fears of policy reversal in highly protected sectors. Also, highly protected sectors adjust more easily (than low protection sectors) when destroying jobs (reducing labor surpluses), especially in the case of blue collar labor. This suggests that trade protection may in fact destroy rather than create jobs within industries, as firms in highly protected sectors are more reluctant to hire and more ready to fire than firms in sectors with low protection. The results for capital are qualitatively similar but quantitatively smaller, suggesting that trade protection plays less of a role in explaining adjustment costs for capital. Interestingly, export-oriented sectors have lower adjustment costs for blue collar labor but not for white collar employment or capital, suggesting that export-led growth may be particularly successful in reducing blue collar unemployment. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/19/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3905
    Parallel Title: Galiano, Sebastian Trends in tariff reforms and trends in wage inequality
    Keywords: Free trade ; Income distribution ; Wages ; Free trade ; Income distribution ; Wages
    Abstract: "The authors provide new evidence on the impacts of trade reforms on wages and wage inequality in developing countries. While most of the current literature on the topic achieves identification by comparing outcomes before and after one episode of trade liberalization across industries, they propose a stronger identifying strategy. The authors explore the recent historical record of policy changes adopted by Argentina: from significant protection in the early 1970s, to the first episode of liberalization during the late 1970s, back to a slowdown of reforms during the 1980s, to the second episode of liberalization in the 1990s. These swings in trade policy comprise broken trends in trade reforms that they can compare with observed trends in wages and wage inequality. After setting up unusual historical data sets of trends in tariffs, trends in wages, and trends in wage inequality, the evidence supports two well-known hypotheses: trade liberalization, other things being equal, (1) has reduced wages, and (2) has increased wage inequality. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3833
    Parallel Title: Mauricio Structural change and poverty reduction in Brazil
    Keywords: Economic assistance, Domestic ; Poverty ; Structural adjustment (Economic policy) ; Economic assistance, Domestic ; Poverty ; Structural adjustment (Economic policy)
    Abstract: "Over the medium time horizon, skill upgrading, differentials in sectoral technological progress, and migration of labor out of farming activities are some of the major structural adjustment factors shaping the evolution of an economy and its connected poverty trends. The main focus of the authors is understanding, for the case of Brazil, how a trade shock interacts with these structural forces and ascertaining whether it enhances or hinders medium-term poverty reduction. In particular, they consider the interactions between the migration of labor out of agriculture, a potentially important poverty reduction factor, and trade liberalization, which increases the price incentives to stay in agriculture. A recursive-dynamic computable general equilibrium model simulates Doha scenarios and compares them against a business as usual scenario. The authors estimate the poverty effects using a microsimulation model that primarily takes into account individuals' labor supply decisions. Their analysis shows that trade liberalization does contribute to structural poverty reduction. But unless increased productivity and stronger growth rates are attributed to trade reform, its contribution to medium-term poverty reduction is rather small. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 2/6/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 85
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3848
    Parallel Title: Anderson, Kym Doha merchandise trade reform
    Keywords: Free trade ; Tariff preferences ; Free trade ; Tariff preferences
    Abstract: "This paper provides new estimates of the global gains from multilateral trade reform and their distribution among developing countries in the presence of trade preferences. Particular attention is given to agriculture, as farmers constitute the poorest households in developing countries but are the most assisted in rich countries. The latest GTAP database (Version 6.05) and the LINKAGE model of the global economy are used to examine the impact first of current merchandise trade barriers and agricultural subsidies, and then of possible reform outcomes from the WTO's Doha Development Agenda. The results suggest moving to free global merchandise trade would boost real incomes in Sub-Saharan Africa proportionately more than in other developing countries or high-income countries, despite a terms of trade loss in parts of that region. Net farm incomes would rise substantially in that and other developing country regions, thereby alleviating rural poverty. A Doha partial liberalization could move the world some way toward those desirable outcomes, but more so the more developing countries themselves cut applied tariffs, particularly on agricultural imports. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/8/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3862
    Parallel Title: Available in another form Bank ownership type and banking relationships
    Keywords: Banks and banking ; Banks and banking Government ownership ; Banks and banking ; Banks and banking Government ownership
    Abstract: "The authors formulate and test hypotheses about the role of bank ownership types-foreign, state-owned, and private domestic banks-in banking relationships, using data from India. The empirical results are consistent with all of their hypotheses with regard to foreign banks. These banks tend to serve as the main bank for transparent firms, and firms with foreign main banks are most likely to have multiple banking relationships, have the most relationships, and diversify relationships across bank ownership types. The data are also consistent with the hypothesis that firms with state-owned main banks are relatively unlikely to diversify across bank ownership types. However, state-owned banks often do not provide the main relationship for firms they are mandated to serve (for example, small, opaque firms), and the predictions of negative effects on multiple banking and number of relationships hold for only one type of state-owned bank. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/8/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3874
    Parallel Title: Olarreaga, M Sugar prices, labor income, and poverty in Brazil
    Keywords: Free trade ; Households Economic aspects ; Sugar trade ; Free trade ; Households Economic aspects ; Sugar trade
    Abstract: "This paper assesses the impact that a potential liberalization of sugar regimes in OECD countries could have on household labor income and poverty in Brazil. The authors first estimate the extent of price transmission from world markets to 11 Brazilian states to capture the fact that some local markets may be relatively more isolated from changes in world prices. They then simultaneously estimate the impact that changes in domestic sugar prices have on regional wages and employment depending on worker characteristics. Finally, they measure the impact on household income of a 10 percent increase in world sugar prices. Results suggest that workers in the sugar sector and in sugar-producing regions have better employment opportunities and experience larger wage increases. More interestingly, households at the top of the income distribution experience larger income gains due to higher wages, whereas households at the bottom of the distribution experience larger income gains due to movements out of unemployment. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/5/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3879
    Parallel Title: Jha, Shreyasi Trade liberalization and the environment in Vietnam
    Keywords: Free trade ; Pollution Economic aspects ; Free trade ; Pollution Economic aspects ; Vietnam Commercial policy ; Vietnam Commercial policy
    Abstract: "Vietnam's integration with the international economy has increased significantly over the past decade, aided by substantial liberalization of trade, and appears set to increase further as trade-expanding measures take full effect. This dramatic shift in Vietnam's trading patterns has important implications for the environment and use of natural resources. This paper offers a systematic analysis of the trading and investment patterns to give a broader understanding of the environmental implications of greater openness of the economy during the past decade. The results suggest increasing manufacturing and export activity in water and toxic pollution-intensive sectors compared with the less pollution-intensive sectors. The story is, on the surface, consistent with the changing composition of Vietnamese production and exports away from traditional sectors and toward pollution-intensive manufacturing (especially leather and textiles). The paper also highlights the need to consider strengthening environmental policies while further trade liberalization is being contemplated through Vietnam's joining of the World Trade Organization. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/19/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3925
    Parallel Title: Karacaovali, Baybars Productivity matters for trade policy
    Keywords: Free trade ; Industrial productivity ; Tariff ; Free trade ; Industrial productivity ; Tariff
    Abstract: "There is a growing literature that investigates the effect of trade liberalization on productivity. Nearly all such studies assume that trade policy is determined independently of productivity, hence it is exogenous. The author shows that this assumption is not valid in general, both theoretically and empirically, and that researchers may be underestimating the positive effect of liberalization on productivity when they do not account for the endogeneity bias. On the theory side, he demonstrates that under a standard political economy model of trade protection, productivity directly influences tariffs. Moreover, this productivity-tariff relationship partly determines the extent of liberalization across sectors even in the presence of a large exogenous unilateral liberalization shock that affects all sectors. The link between productivity and tariffs is maintained after the author includes in his political economy model a learning-by-doing motive of protection, which also serves as the source of liberalization. On the empirical side, he examines total factor productivity (TFP) estimates obtained at the firm level for Colombia between 1983 and 1998, and finds that more productive sectors receive more protection within this period. In estimating the effect of productivity on tariffs, he controls for the endogeneity of the two main right-hand-side variables-the inverse import penetration to import demand elasticity ratio and productivity-by using materials prices, the capital to output ratio, a measure of scale economies, and the TFP of the upstream industries as robust instruments. The author also accounts for the large trade liberalization between 1990 and 1992, and finds that the sectors with a higher productivity gain are liberalized less. Finally, he illustrates a system of equations estimation and shows that the positive impact of liberalization on productivity grows stronger when corrected for the endogeneity bias. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 9/1/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 90
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3831
    Parallel Title: Silva, Patricia Exploring the linkages between poverty, marine protected area management, and the use of destructive fishing gear in Tanzania
    Keywords: Coastal zone management ; Environmental degradation ; Fishing industry ; Poverty ; Coastal zone management ; Environmental degradation ; Fishing industry ; Poverty
    Abstract: "Coastal resources in Tanzania have come under increasing pressure over the past three decades, which has led to a significant decline in the biodiversity and productivity of coastal ecosystems. The livelihoods of coastal communities that directly depend on these resources are consequently under increasing threat and vulnerability. Marine protected areas (MPAs) are one tool for managing coastal and marine resources that have been increasingly used in Tanzania. Promotion of alternative income generating activities (AIGAs) is often a component of MPA management strategies to reduce fishing pressure and address poverty concerns. However, empirical evidence on whether these AIGAs are successful in reducing pressure on fisheries, or their impact on poverty, is scarce and inconclusive. This paper seeks to contribute to this debate by investigating the linkages between household characteristics, MPA activities, and household choice of fishing gear. The empirical analysis is based on household survey data from a sample of villages located along the coast of mainland Tanzania and Zanzibar. The author finds that some aspects of poverty increase the likelihood of using destructive fishing gear. MPAs do not directly affect household choice of fishing gear. However, households participating in AIGAs are less likely to use destructive fishing gear, suggesting that MPA support to these activities in Tanzania has a positive influence on household choice of fishing gear. The author also finds the use of destructive fishing gear is associated with higher consumption levels, whereas participation in AIGAs does not significantly affect household consumption levels. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 1/26/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3867
    Parallel Title: Ferreira, Francisco H. G The rise and fall of Brazilian inequality, 1981-2004
    Keywords: Income distribution ; Inflation (Finance) ; Poverty ; Income distribution ; Inflation (Finance) ; Poverty
    Abstract: "Measured by the Gini coefficient, income inequality in Brazil rose from 0.57 in 1981 to 0.63 in 1989, before falling back to 0.56 in 2004. This latest figure would lower Brazil's world inequality rank from 2nd (in 1989) to 10th (in 2004). Poverty incidence also followed an inverted U-curve over the past quarter century, rising from 0.30 in 1981 to 0.33 in 1993, before falling to 0.22 in 2004. Using standard decomposition techniques, this paper presents a preliminary investigation of the determinants of Brazil's distributional reversal over this period. The rise in inequality in the 1980s appears to have been driven by increases in the educational attainment of the population in a context of convex returns, and by high and accelerating inflation. While the secular decline in inequality, which began in 1993, is associated with declining inflation, it also appears to have been driven by four structural and policy changes which have so far not attracted sufficient attention in the literature, namely sharp declines in the returns to education; pronounced rural-urban convergence; increases in social assistance transfers targeted to the poor; and a possible decline in racial inequality. Although poverty dynamics since the Real Plan of 1994 have been driven primarily by economic growth, the decline in inequality has also made a substantial contribution to poverty reduction. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/8/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3901
    Parallel Title: Anderson, Kym Do global trade distortions still harm developing country farmers ?
    Keywords: Farm income ; Free trade ; Globalization ; Rural poor ; Farm income ; Free trade ; Globalization ; Rural poor
    Abstract: "The authors estimate the impact of global merchandise trade distortions and services regulations on agricultural value added in various countries. Using the latest versions of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) database and the GTAP-AGR model of the global economy, their results suggest real net farm incomes would rise in developing countries with a move to free trade, thereby alleviating rural poverty. This occurs despite a terms of trade deterioration for developing countries that are net food importers or that enjoy preferential access to agricultural markets of high-income countries. The authors also show, for several large developing countries, the contribution of their own versus other countries' trade policies. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/24/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 93
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3951
    Parallel Title: Eschenbach, Felix Services policies in transition economies
    Keywords: European Union ; World Trade Organization ; European Union ; World Trade Organization ; Free trade ; Service industries ; Free trade ; Service industries
    Abstract: "The authors analyze the extent to which the EU-15 and 16 transition economies used the WTO General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) to commit to service sector policy reforms. They compare GATS commitments with the evolution of actual policy stances over time. While there is substantial variance across transition economies on both actual policies and GATS commitments, the authors find an inverse relationship between the depth of GATS commitments and the "quality" of actual services policies as assessed by the private sector. In part this can be explained by the fact that the prospect of EU accession makes GATS less relevant as a commitment device for a subset of transition economies. But for many of the non-EU accession candidates, the WTO seems to be a weak commitment device. One explanation is that the small size of the markets concerned generates weak external enforcement incentives. The authors' findings suggest greater collective investment by WTO members in monitoring and the need for transparency to increase the benefits of WTO membership to small countries. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/28/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3981
    Parallel Title: Gourdon, Julien Openness, inequality, and poverty
    Keywords: Equality ; Free trade ; Income distribution ; Equality ; Free trade ; Income distribution
    Abstract: "Using tariffs as a measure of openness, the authors find consistent evidence that the conditional effects of trade liberalization on inequality are correlated with relative factor endowments. Trade liberalization is associated with increases in inequality in countries well-endowed in highly skilled workers and capital or with workers that have very low education levels and in countries relatively well-endowed in mining and fuels. Trade liberalization is associated with decreases in inequality in countries that are well-endowed with primary-educated labor. Similar results are also apparent when decile data are used instead of the usual Gini coefficient. The results are strongly supportive of the factor-proportions theory of trade and suggest that trade liberalization in poor countries where the share of the labor force with very low education levels (likely employed in nontradable activities) is high raises inequality. In the sample, countries with low education levels also have relatively scarce endowments of capital. Quantitatively capital scarcity is the dominating effect so that trade liberalization is accompanied by reduced income inequality in low-income countries. Within-country inequality is also positively correlated with measures of macroeconomic instability. Simulation results suggest that relatively small changes in inequality as measured by aggregate measures of inequality like the Gini coefficient are magnified when estimates are carried out using decile data. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/21/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : Palgrave Macmillan
    ISBN: 0821362747 , 9780821362747
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xix, 308 p) , ill , 24 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    DDC: 337
    Keywords: Capital movements ; Economic assistance ; Economic development ; Economic policy ; Emigration and immigration ; Globalization Economic aspects ; Globalization Economic aspects ; International economic relations ; International trade ; Poverty ; Capital movements ; Economic assistance ; Economic development ; Economic policy ; Emigration and immigration ; Globalization Economic aspects ; Globalization Economic aspects ; International economic relations ; International trade ; Poverty ; Capital movements ; Economic assistance ; Economic development ; Economic policy ; Emigration and immigration ; Globalization ; Globalization ; International economic relations ; Economic aspects ; Economic aspects ; International trade ; Developing countries ; Poverty
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 265-284) and index
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  • 96
    ISBN: 0821365274 , 9780821365274
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xxv,106 p) , ill , 26 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Orientations in development series
    DDC: 339.46091767
    Keywords: Poverty ; Poverty ; Poverty ; Poverty ; Poverty ; Poverty ; Africa, North ; Middle East ; Africa, North Social conditions ; Middle East Social conditions ; Africa, North Social conditions ; Middle East Social conditions ; Bibliografie
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 99-101) and index
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 0821365118 , 9780821365113
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xv, 221 p) , ill , 28 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: World Bank Latin American and Caribbean studies
    DDC: 339.4/6098
    Keywords: Poverty Government policy ; Poverty ; Poverty Government policy ; Poverty ; Poverty ; Poverty ; Latin America ; Latin America ; Latin America Economic conditions 1945- ; Latin America Economic policy ; Latin America Economic conditions 1945- ; Latin America Economic policy
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 203-215) and index
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  • 98
    ISBN: 0821362569 , 0821362577
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xxxiv, 243 p) , ill , 26 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: A World Bank country study
    Series Statement: Document of the World Bank and the Inter-American Development Bank
    DDC: 336.866
    Keywords: Economic assistance, Domestic ; Finance, Public ; Fiscal policy ; Government spending policy ; Poverty Government policy ; Economic assistance, Domestic ; Finance, Public ; Fiscal policy ; Government spending policy ; Poverty Government policy ; Economic assistance, Domestic ; Finance, Public ; Fiscal policy ; Government spending policy ; Poverty
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 239-243)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 99
    ISBN: 082136362X , 9780821363621
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xvii, 267 p) , 23 cm.
    Additional Material: 1 CD-ROM (4 3/4 in.)
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    DDC: 339.4/6/091724
    Keywords: Economic assistance Case studies ; Economic development projects Case studies ; Poverty Case studies ; Economic assistance Case studies ; Economic development projects Case studies ; Poverty Case studies ; Economic assistance ; Economic development projects ; Poverty
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 100
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3475
    Parallel Title: Siegel, Paul Using an asset-based approach to identify drivers of sustainable rural growth and poverty reduction in Central America
    Keywords: Assets (Accounting) ; Poverty ; Assets (Accounting) ; Poverty ; Central America Rural conditions ; Central America Rural conditions
    Abstract: "The asset-based approach considers links between households' productive, social, and locational assets; the policy, institutional, and risk context; household behavior as expressed in livelihood strategies; and well-being outcomes. For sustainable poverty reducing growth, it is critical to examine household asset portfolios and understand how assets interact with the context to influence the selection of livelihood strategies, which in turn determine well-being. Policy reforms can change the context and income-generating potential of assets. Investments can add new assets or increase the efficiency of existing household assets, and also improve households' risk management capacity to protect assets. After all is said and done, a household's asset portfolio will determine whether growth and poverty reduction can be achieved and sustained over time. The asset-based framework is amendable to different analytical techniques. Siegel suggests combining quantitative and qualitative spatial and household level analyses (and linked spatial and household level analyses) to deepen understanding of the complex relationships between assets, context, livelihood strategies, and well-being outcomes. This paper--a joint product of the Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development Vice Presidency and the Rural Development Family, Latin America and the Caribbean Region--is part of a larger effort in the Bank to strengthen analyses and strategies for rural development, and address policy issues and investment priorities"--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 1/10/2005 , Also available in print.
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