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  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank  (14.053)
  • Oxford : Oxford University Press  (5.458)
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Verlag/Herausgeber
Schlagwörter
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  • 1
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    The American historical review (ab 1895-)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Macmillan | Washington DC [u.a.] : Assoc. | Chicago, Ill. : Univ. of Chicago Press | Oxford : Oxford University Press ; 1.1895/96 -
    Dazugehörige Bände/Artikel
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-8762 , 1937-5239 , 1937-5239
    Sprache: Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 1.1895/96 -
    Suppl.: Beil. American Historical Association Recently published articles
    Suppl.: Index 1895/1945=1944,1 von American Historical Association Annual report of the American Historical Association
    Paralleltitel: Online-Ausg. The American historical review
    RVK:
    NA 1000
    Schlagwort(e): Geschichte ; Weltgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; USA ; Zeitschrift
    Anmerkung: Repr.: Nendeln : Kraus
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Zeitschrift/Serie
    HeBIS
  • 2
    Buch
    Buch
    Benezit dictionary of Asian artists (2012-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Dazugehörige Bände/Artikel
    Details
    ISBN: 9780199923014
    Sprache: Englisch
    DDC: 709.2/25
    Schlagwort(e): Artists Biography ; Dictionaries ; Wörterbuch ; Asien ; Künstler
    Anmerkung: Erschienen: 1-2
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Buch
    Weltkulturen Museum
    BSZ
    GBV
  • 3
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    Journal of social history, societies & cultures (ab 2006-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Fairfax, Va. : George Mason Univ. ; 40.2006/07 -
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-4529 , 1527-1897
    Sprache: Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 40.2006/07 -
    Paralleltitel: Online-Ausg. Journal of social history
    Vorheriger Titel: Vorg.: Journal of social history
    DDC: 390
    Schlagwort(e): Sozialgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Sozialgeschichte ; Zeitschrift
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    HBZ
  • 4
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    European heart journal - cardiovascular imaging (ab 2012-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press ; 13.2012 -
    Dazugehörige Bände/Artikel
    Details
    ISSN: 2047-2404 , 2047-2412 , 2047-2412
    Sprache: Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 13.2012 -
    Paralleltitel: Online-Ausg. European heart journal - cardiovascular imaging
    Vorheriger Titel: Vorg. European journal of echocardiography
    DDC: 610
    Schlagwort(e): Zeitschrift
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    Zeitschrift/Serie
  • 5
    Buch
    Buch
    The organization in its environment (1987-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Serie: Oxford books for BTEC national awards
    DDC: 302.35024658
    Schlagwort(e): Organization
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Buch
    GBV
  • 6
    Buch
    Buch
    An Oxford handbook of applied ethnomusicology (2019-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    DDC: 780.89
    RVK:
    LB 32000
    RVK:
    LB 36000
    RVK:
    LC 87000
    RVK:
    LS 16000
    Schlagwort(e): Applied ethnomusicology ; Musikethnologie ; Angewandte Musikwissenschaft
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index
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    Buch
    GBV
  • 7
    Buch
    Buch
    The Oxford encyclopedia of American cultural and intellectual history (2013-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780199764358
    Sprache: Englisch
    DDC: 306.09730321
    Schlagwort(e): United States Encyclopedias Civilization ; United States Encyclopedias Intellectual life ; United States Biography ; Encyclopedias ; Wörterbuch ; USA ; Kultur ; Literatur ; Geistesleben ; Geschichte
    Anmerkung: Erschienen: Volume 1-2
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    KOBV
  • 8
    Buch
    Buch
    The Oxford encyclopedia of American cultural and intellectual history (2013-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780199764358
    Sprache: Englisch
    DDC: 306.09730321
    Schlagwort(e): United States Encyclopedias Civilization ; United States Encyclopedias Intellectual life ; United States Biography ; Encyclopedias ; Wörterbuch ; USA ; Kultur ; Literatur ; Geistesleben ; Geschichte
    Anmerkung: Erschienen: Volume 1-2
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    GBV
  • 9
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    The shape of the world : explorations in human geography (ab 1995-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Milton Keynes : open University ; 1.1995 -
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 1.1995 -
    DDC: 910
    RVK:
    RB 10558
    RVK:
    QT 200
    Schlagwort(e): Monografische Reihe
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Zeitschrift/Serie
    MPI-MMG
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 10
    Buch
    Buch
    Selected writings (2017-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Serie: Oxford constitutional theory
    DDC: 342
    RVK:
    PI 2300
    Schlagwort(e): Law Philosophy ; State, The ; Political science ; Constitutional law ; Constitutional law ; Political science ; State, The ; Constitutional law ; Political science ; State, The ; Electronic books
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 11
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    Hull monographs on South-East Asia (ab 1968-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Zug : Inter Documentation Co. | London : Oxford University Press ; 1.1968 -
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 1.1968 -
    DDC: 910
    Schlagwort(e): Monografische Reihe
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Zeitschrift/Serie
    Weltkulturen Museum
    BSZ
    GBV
  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The Oxford handbook of cultural evolution (2023-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780191905780
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Oxford handbooks
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 303.4
    Schlagwort(e): Sociology & anthropology / thema ; Social evolution
    Anmerkung: This handbook is currently in development, with individual articles publishing online in advance of print publication. At this time, we cannot add information about unpublished articles in this handbook, however the table of contents will continue to grow as additional articles pass through the review process and are added to the site. Please note that the online publication date for this handbook is the date that the first article in the title was published online , Monthly
    DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198869252.001.0001
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    München BSB
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    BVB
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 13
    Buch
    Buch
    The evolution of wisdom (2019-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    RVK:
    BK 8300
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    MPI-MMG
  • 14
    Buch
    Buch
    Oxford principles of European Union Law (2018-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    RVK:
    PS 2500
    Schlagwort(e): Europäische Union ; Recht ; Europarecht
    Anmerkung: Im Vorwort: "..."The Oxford Principles of European Union Law" is a three-volume study ..."
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  • 15
    Medienkombination
    Medienkombination
    Fast forward advanced (1991-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
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    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Medienkombination
    Serie: Oxford intensive English courses
    DDC: 428.24
    Schlagwort(e): English language
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    Medienkombination
  • 16
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The Oxford handbook of the archaeology and anthropology of body modification (2023-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780197573433
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource , Illustrationen
    Serie: Oxford handbooks online
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 391.65093
    Schlagwort(e): Beauty and Fashion / ukslc ; Cultural studies: customs & traditions / thema ; Body marking / History ; Body marking / Social aspects
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , This handbook is currently in development, with individual articles publishing online in advance of print publication. At this time, we cannot add information about unpublished articles in this handbook, however the table of contents will continue to grow as additional articles pass through the review process and are added to the site. Please note that the online publication date for this handbook is the date that the first article in the title was published online.
    DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197572528.001.0001
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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    BVB
  • 17
    Buch
    Buch
    The Oxford handbook of new religious movements (2004-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Serie: Oxford handbooks in religion and theology
    Schlagwort(e): Cults ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Neue Religion
    Anmerkung: Band 2 herausgegeben von James R. Lewis und Inga B. Tøllefsen , Teilweise mit dem Gesamttitel Oxford handbooks in religion and theology erschienen
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  • 18
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    German history : the journal of the German History Society (1984-)
    London : Arnold | [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Sage | Oxford : Oxford University Press ; 1.1984 -
    Dazugehörige Bände/Artikel
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-089X , 0266-3554 , 0266-3554
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 1.1984 -
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als German history
    Schlagwort(e): Geschichte ; Geschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Deutschland ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation
    Anmerkung: Gesehen am 01. Februar 2017
    URL: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?db=30h&jid=%2231M%22&scope=site
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    URL: https://academic.oup.com/gh/issue
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?1484879-X
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    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 19
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    Journal of social history, societies & cultures (ab 2006-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Fairfax, Va. : George Mason Univ. ; 40.2006/07 -
    Dazugehörige Bände/Artikel
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-4529 , 1527-1897
    Sprache: Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 40.2006/07 -
    Paralleltitel: Online-Ausg. Journal of social history
    Vorheriger Titel: Vorg. Journal of social history
    DDC: 390
    Schlagwort(e): Zeitschrift ; Sozialgeschichte
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    Zeitschrift/Serie
    BSZ
    GBV
  • 20
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The Oxford handbook of organizational psychology (2012-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
    BSZ
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  • 21
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    The American historical review (ab 1895-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | New York, NY [u.a.] : Macmillan | Washington DC [u.a.] : Assoc. | Chicago, Ill. : Univ. of Chicago Press ; 1.1895/96 -
    Dazugehörige Bände/Artikel
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-8762 , 1937-5239 , 1937-5239
    Sprache: Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 1.1895/96 -
    Suppl.: Beil. American Historical Association Recently published articles
    Suppl.: Index 1895/1945=1944,1 von American Historical Association Annual report of the American Historical Association Washington, DC : Smithsonian Inst. Press, 1889 0065-8561
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als The American historical review
    DDC: 050
    RVK:
    NA 1000
    Schlagwort(e): History Periodicals ; United States Periodicals History ; Zeitschrift ; Weltgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; USA ; Geschichte ; Amerika ; Geschichte
    Anmerkung: Repr.: Nendeln : Kraus
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    BSZ
    GBV
  • 22
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    Stellenbosch handbooks in African constitutional law (ab 2016-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press ; Book 1-
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf: Book 1-
    DDC: 340
    Schlagwort(e): Monografische Reihe
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    MPI-MMG
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 23
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Migration studies (2013-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press ; 1.2013 -
    Details
    ISSN: 2049-5846 , 2049-5838 , 2049-5838
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 1.2013 -
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Migration studies
    DDC: 300
    Schlagwort(e): Zeitschrift
    Anmerkung: Gesehen am 20.03.15
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    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2749939-X
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  • 24
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Social politics : international studies in gender, state, and society (1994-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press ; 1.1994 -
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    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2893 , 1072-4745 , 1072-4745
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 1.1994 -
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Social politics
    Schlagwort(e): Sozialpolitik ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation
    URL: https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/234
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/sp/issue
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    URL: https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/234
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2085321-X
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    HeBIS
  • 25
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Journal of refugee studies (1988-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press ; 1.1988 -
    Dazugehörige Bände/Artikel
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-6925 , 0951-6328 , 0951-6328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 1.1988 -
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Journal of refugee studies
    DDC: 300
    Schlagwort(e): Zeitschrift ; Flüchtling
    Anmerkung: Gesehen am 31.01.05
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2050042-7
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/jrs/issue
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    URL: http://heinonline.org
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    Online-Ressource
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  • 26
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The English historical review (1886-)
    London : Longmans, Green and Co. | Oxford : Oxford University Press ; 1.1886 -
    Dazugehörige Bände/Artikel
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    ISSN: 1477-4534 , 0013-8266 , 0013-8266
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 1.1886 -
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als The English historical review
    Vorheriger Titel: The english historical review online
    Schlagwort(e): Geschichte ; Großbritannien ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation
    Anmerkung: Gesehen am 01.04.13
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  • 27
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    Journal of social history, societies & cultures (ab 2006-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Fairfax, Va. : George Mason Univ. ; 40.2006/07 -
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    ISSN: 0022-4529 , ISSN 1527-1897
    Sprache: Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 40.2006/07 -
    Paralleltitel: Online-Ausg. Journal of social history
    Vorheriger Titel: Vorg. Journal of social history
    DDC: 390
    Schlagwort(e): Zeitschrift ; Sozialgeschichte
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  • 28
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    International affairs (ab 1931-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Oxford : Oxford Univ. Press | Guildford : Butterworth | Cambridge : Cambridge Univ. Press | Oxford : Blackwell | Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell ; 10.1931 -
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-5850 , 1468-2346 , 1468-2346
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 25 cm
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 10.1931 -
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als International affairs
    Vorheriger Titel: Vorg. Royal Institute of International Affairs Journal of the Royal Institute of International Affairs
    Vorheriger Titel: International affairs review supplement
    DDC: 320
    RVK:
    PR 1000
    RVK:
    MA 1000
    Schlagwort(e): Internationale Beziehungen ; Welt ; Zeitschrift ; Internationale Politik
    Anmerkung: Repr.: Folkestone : Dawson , Beteil. Körp. 10.1931 - 80.2004,4: Royal Institute of International Affairs, London , Ersch. zweimonatl., bis 78.2002 vierteljährl.; 79.2003 - 81.2005 5x jährl.
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  • 29
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Journal of social history (1967-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Pittsburgh, Pa. : Carnegie Mellon Univ. Press ; 1.1967/68 -
    Details
    ISSN: 1527-1897 , 0022-4529 , 0022-4529
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 1.1967/68 -
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. 1.1967/68 - 39.2005/06 Journal of social history
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. ab 40.2006/07 Journal of social history, societies & cultures
    DDC: 390
    Schlagwort(e): Sozialgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Sozialgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation ; Zeitschrift ; Sozialgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Sozialgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation
    Anmerkung: Gesehen am 19.03.15
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/jsh/issue
    URL: https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/103
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/jsocialhistoryy
    URL: http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2007084
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    URL: Volltext
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  • 30
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Journal of American history (1964-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Bloomington, Ind. : OAH ; 51.1964/65 -
    Details
    ISSN: 1945-2314 , 0021-8723
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 51.1964/65 -
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. The journal of American history
    Vorheriger Titel: Vorg.: Mississippi Valley historical review
    DDC: 910
    Schlagwort(e): Geschichte ; Geschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; USA ; USA ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; USA ; Geschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; USA ; Geschichte ; Zeitschrift
    Anmerkung: Gesehen am 19.02.2021
    URL: http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2002867
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    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The Oxford handbook of the sociology of machine learning (2023-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780197653630
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource , Illustrationen
    Serie: Oxford handbooks online
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 303.4834
    Schlagwort(e): Computers and IT. / ukslc ; Sociology & anthropology / thema ; Machine learning / Social aspects
    Kurzfassung: This handbook is currently in development, with individual articles publishing online in advance of print publication. At this time, we cannot add information about unpublished articles in this handbook, however the table of contents will continue to grow as additional articles pass through the review process and are added to the site. Please note that the online publication date for this handbook is the date that the first article in the title was published online
    Anmerkung: This handbook is currently in development, with individual articles publishing online in advance of print publication. At this time, we cannot add information about unpublished articles in this handbook, however the table of contents will continue to grow as additional articles pass through the review process and are added to the site. Please note that the online publication date for this handbook is the date that the first article in the title was published online. , Monthly
    DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197653609.001.0001
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 32
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Hindu Diasporas (2024)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest
    Details
    ISBN: 9780192637888
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (442 pages)
    Serie: The Oxford History of Hinduism Series
    DDC: 305.694509
    Schlagwort(e): Hinduism ; Electronic books
    Kurzfassung: Hinduism is a global religion with a significant presence in many countries. Hindu Diasporas analyses the religious traditions and practices of Hindus of South Asian descent living outside South Asia, offering a foundation for understanding Hindu traditions in their global diasporic contexts and the dynamic development of Hinduism around the world.
    Anmerkung: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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  • 33
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Repression in the digital age : surveillance, censorship, and the dynamics of state violence (2024)
    New York, NY : Oxford University Press | Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780197743607
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource , Illustrations.
    Serie: Disruptive technology and international security
    Serie: Oxford scholarship online
    DDC: 302.231
    Schlagwort(e): Internet Political aspects ; Internet governance Government policy ; State-sponsored terrorism ; Media Studies ; Sociology & anthropology
    Kurzfassung: In 'Repression in the Digital Age', Anita R. Gohdes provides an in-depth look into the relationship between digital technologies and state violence. Drawing on original data, Gohdes argues that mass access to the Internet presents governments who fear for their political survival with a set of response options, which in turn support different forms of violence by state forces. As digital communication has become a bedrock of modern opposition and protest movements, this text breaks new ground in examining state repression in the information age.
    Anmerkung: Also issued in print: 2024 , Includes bibliographical references and index
    DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197743577.001.0001
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197743577.001.0001
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    The Oxford handbook of human symbolic evolution (2024)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780198813781
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: lxxxiii, 1100 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Ausgabe: First Edition
    Serie: Oxford Library of Psychology
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 302.2223
    RVK:
    LC 50000
    Schlagwort(e): Signs and symbols ; Communication / History ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Anmerkung: "This handbook is currently in development, with individual articles publishing online in advance of print publication. The table of contents will continue to grow as additional articles pass through the peer-review process and are added to the site." , Includes bibliographical references , Gesture is an intrinsic part of modern-day human communication and may always have been so - Susan Goldin-Meadow -- - The Symbolic Revolution: A sexual conflict model - Camilla Power, Ian Watts, Chris Knight -- - Behavioral modernity, evolutionary synergies and the symbolic species - Ana Majki c -- - Animal signals and symbolism - Ulrike Griebel, D. Kimbrough Oller -- - Kanzi or can't he? Animal language projects - Heidi Lyn -- - The Evolution of Language and Speech: What We Know from Genetics - Antonio Ben itez-Burraco, Dan Dediu -- - The Narrative Origins of Language - Francesco Ferretti -- - The evolution of writing systems: An Introduction - Alex de Voogt
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  • 35
    Online-Ressource
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    The Digital Revolution : A Short History of an Ideology (2024)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780198875994
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (132 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 303.4834
    Schlagwort(e): Internet Social aspects ; Technology Social aspects ; Information technology ; Information society ; Internet-Social aspects ; Technology-Social aspects
    Kurzfassung: An investigation into the origins of the digital revolution, how it evolved, which other past revolutions consciously or unconsciously inspired it, which great stories it has conveyed over time, which of its key elements have changed and which ones have persisted and have been repeated in different historical periods.
    Kurzfassung: Introduction: Understanding the Digital Revolution as an Ideology -- 1. Defining the Revolution: Blessed Uncertainty -- 2. Comparing the Revolution: Past Inheritance, Present Construction -- 3. Thinking About the Revolution: The Mantras -- 4. Believing in the Revolution: A Contemporary Quasi-Religion -- Conclusion: Who Needs the Digital Revolution and Why Does it Keep Going?
    Anmerkung: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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  • 36
    Online-Ressource
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    By the numbers : numeracy, religion, and the quantitative transformation of early modern England (2024)
    New York, NY : Oxford University Press | Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780197608814
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource , Illustrations.
    Serie: Oxford scholarship online
    DDC: 303.48309410903
    Schlagwort(e): Numeracy History To 1500 ; Numeration, Arabic History ; Numeracy Religious aspects ; Christianity ; Society ; Sociology & anthropology
    Kurzfassung: During the 16 & 17th centuries, English numerical practices underwent a complex transformation with wide-ranging impacts on English society. At the beginning of the early modern period, English men & women believed that God had made humans universally numerate, although numbers were not central to their everyday lives. Over the next two centuries, rising literacy rates & the increasing availability of printed books revolutionized modes of arithmetical practice & education. Ordinary English people began to use numbers & quantification to explain abstract phenomena as diverse as the relativity of time, the probability of chance events, & the constitution of human populations. These changes reflected their participation in broader early modern European cultural & intellectual developments such as the Reformation & the Scientific Revolution.
    Anmerkung: Also issued in print: 2024 , Includes bibliographical references and index
    DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197608777.001.0001
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197608777.001.0001
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 37
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Unlocking Floating Solar Photovoltaics Potential in India (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Energy Study
    Schlagwort(e): Anchoring and Mooring ; Energy ; Energy Resources Development ; Energy Yield ; Environment ; Environment and Energy Efficiency ; Floating Solar Photovoltaics ; FSPV Ecosystem ; HSE ; Inverter ; Power Plants
    Kurzfassung: This report builds a compelling case for India to look beyond land and institute an ecosystem that supports the installation and operationalization of floating solar photovoltaics (FSPV) power plants. Since these plants are installed on the underutilized surfaces of large water bodies, no land needs to be diverted from other uses. The installation of FSPVs also spurs job creation and catalyzes the development of a domestic value chain as some of the components, such as floaters, need to bemanufactured close to installation sites. They also provide a range of other benefits as they generate relatively more power than ground-mounted solar plants (due to the cooling effect of water) and better utilize shared infrastructure such as transmission systems, wherever available
    DOI: 10.1596/40817
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 38
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    International Debt Report 2023 (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (210 pages)
    Serie: International Debt Report
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Bonds ; Creditor ; Data ; Debt ; Debtor ; Developing ; Development ; Economic ; FDI ; Finance ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Government ; Interest Payments ; Interest Rates ; Loans ; Maturity ; Principal ; Private Sector ; Public Sector ; Statistics
    Kurzfassung: The International Debt Report (IDR) is a longstanding annual publication of the World Bank featuring external debt statistics and analysis for the 122 countries that report to the World Bank Debtor Reporting System. IDR 2023 is the 50th annual edition and includes (1) analyses of external debt stocks and flows as of end-2022 for these countries; (2) the macroeconomic and debt outlook for 2023 and beyond; (3) a focus on improved public debt transparency and the quality of debt reporting; (4) a discussion of the need for innovative approaches to debt management; (5) a commentary on how the International Debt Statistics database serves as an indispensable resource for researchers and policy makers; and (6) a one-page snapshot of relevant debt indicators and summary of debt stocks and flows for six years (2010 and 2018-22) for each country, plus global income group and regional aggregates. Unique in its coverage of the important trends and issues fundamental to the financing of low- and middle-income countries, IDR 2023 is an indispensable resource for governments, economists, investors, financial consultants, academics, bankers, and the entire development community. For more information on IDR 2023 and related products, please visit the World Bank's Debt Statistics website at www.worldbank.org/debtstatistics
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 39
    Online-Ressource
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    Stress Testing Adaptive Social Protection Systems in the Sahel (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Social Protection Study
    Schlagwort(e): Crisis ; Sahel ; Shocks ; Social Protection ; Social Protections and Assistance ; Social Protections and Labor
    Kurzfassung: The Sahel region of Africa faces multiple crises, which further compound structural economic and human development challenges. The Sahel is one of the world's poorest regions and displays some of the lowest levels of human capital globally. Violence and insecurity in the Sahel have significantly increased in the past decade, with several countries experiencing active armed conflict and unrest. The impacts of climate change compound existing vulnerabilities and risks. Finally, the external shocks of the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine have impacted the Sahel, eroding purchasing power and aggravating poverty. Adaptive Social Protection (ASP) plays a critical role in preventing or mitigating the negative impacts of shocks and boosting resilience for long-term development. ASP has emerged as a flexible and dynamic approach to social protection during the past decade. It combines and exploits synergies between social protection, disaster risk management (DRM), and climate change adaptation. Adaptive Social Protection (ASP) plays a critical role in preventing or mitigating the negative impacts of shocks and boosting resilience for long-term development. The Sahel's vulnerability and exposure to shocks and crises is set to increase with accelerating climate change, calling for a shift from often externally funded, ad hoc responses toward building sustainable, government-led system. Over the past decade, ASP has been on a remarkable trajectory in the Sahel, and this is an appropriate time to take stock of the situation. This report provides an overview of the state of ASP across six Sahelian countries - Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, and Senegal - as well as a set of recommendations for actions to strengthen the adaptiveness and responsiveness of existing systems to shocks
    DOI: 10.1596/40814
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  • 40
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    Global RApid Post-Disaster Damage Estimation (GRADE) Report : Mw 6.3 Herat Earthquake Sequence in Afghanistan, October 2023 (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Risk and Vulnerability Assessment
    Schlagwort(e): Conflict and Development ; Damages ; Earthquake ; Environment ; Grade Methodology ; Herat Province ; Natural Disasters
    Kurzfassung: Following the Herat province (Western Afghanistan) earthquake sequence of October 7 to 15, 2023, the World Bank carried out a remote desk-based assessment of the physical damages using the Global RApid post-disaster Damage Estimation (GRADE) methodology. The objective of the assessment is to develop a model-based estimate of the direct physical (economic) damages to residential buildings (houses), non-residential buildings (e.g., education, health, worship, commercial, industrial assets) and infrastructure (e.g., transport, power, water, telecommunications), and to evaluate the spatial distribution of damages in order to support the development of a roadmap for recovery and reconstruction. This report summarizes the key findings of the assessment
    DOI: 10.1596/40816
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 41
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Lao PDR Fiscal Incidence Analysis - Raising the Bar : Toward an Equitable and Inclusive Fiscal Policy (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Financial Sector Study
    Schlagwort(e): Equity ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Fiscal Interventions ; Fiscal Policy ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Policy Reforms
    Kurzfassung: The Lao People's Democratic Republic (Laos) is facing economic challenges. The country is experiencing a growth slowdown with high levels of public debt. Growing current expenditure and debt service obligations amid sluggish tax revenue led to a widening fiscal deficit in the early 2010s, which remained high into the 2020s despite fiscal consolidation efforts. COVID-19 and deteriorating macroeconomic conditions have disrupted human capital investment and are expected to have worsened the incidence of poverty and inequality. Fiscal policy can be an instrument to address these challenges, but its role has been constrained by a precarious fiscal position. This report analyzes the distributive effects of the Lao fiscal system and potential reforms to address current economic challenges. The analysis adopts the Commitment to Equity (CEQ) methodology to assess the distributional impact of the Lao fiscal system on household welfare. The methodology disaggregates income to include or exclude fiscal interventions to analyze the impact of the fiscal system and each intervention on poverty and inequality. Fiscal interventions can be classified into three categories according to how they are imposed on households: direct interventions (direct taxes, social security contributions, and cash transfers), indirect interventions (indirect taxes and subsidies), and in-kind interventions (public health and education). The framework assesses how progressive a fiscal system and each fiscal intervention are and measures their impacts on poverty and inequality
    DOI: 10.1596/40815
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  • 42
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    Intercultural explorations and the court of Henry VIII (2024)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780191954313
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource , illustrations.
    Serie: Oxford textual perspectives
    Serie: Oxford scholarship online
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 390.094209031
    Schlagwort(e): Customs and Folklore ; Cultural studies: customs & traditions ; England Court and courtiers 16th century ; History ; England Social life and customs 16th century
    Kurzfassung: In this addition to the 'Oxford Textual Perspectives' series, Nadia T. Van Pelt takes the reader along to the dazzling world of the Tudor court culture: from music and drama, food and fashion, to the underlying religious, political, and dynastic trends that informed these cultural expressions.
    Anmerkung: Also issued in print: 2024. - Includes bibliographical references and index. - Description based on online resource and publisher information; title from PDF title page (viewed on October 6, 2023)
    DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192863447.001.0001
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 43
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Intercultural explorations and the court of Henry VIII (2024)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780191954313
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource , Illustrations.
    Serie: Oxford textual perspectives
    Serie: Oxford scholarship online
    DDC: 390.094209031
    Schlagwort(e): Customs and Folklore ; Cultural studies: customs & traditions ; England Court and courtiers 16th century ; History ; England Social life and customs 16th century
    Kurzfassung: In this addition to the 'Oxford Textual Perspectives' series, Nadia T. Van Pelt takes the reader along to the dazzling world of the Tudor court culture: from music and drama, food and fashion, to the underlying religious, political, and dynastic trends that informed these cultural expressions.
    Anmerkung: Also issued in print: 2024 , Includes bibliographical references and index
    DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192863447.001.0001
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192863447.001.0001
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  • 44
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    The individual in international law : history and theory (2024)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Dazugehörige Bände/Artikel
    Details
    ISBN: 9780198898917
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: xiv, 434 Seiten
    Serie: The history and theory of international law
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als The individual in international law
    Kurzfassung: "An abstract is a short description of your longer piece of work and is used as a free layer of content discoverable online. An abstract should not attempt to summarise the whole work as it is also there to show readers whether or not reading further is warranted. It is used to allow people searching on the internet to see that they have encountered a worthwhile 'hit'. This will encourage them to read further by clicking through to the work in full"--
    Kurzfassung: Shifts across the corpus of international law have brought the international legal system into a closer alignment with the interests of the individual. This has led to a great and growing interest in the roles and status of individuals in international law, and provided new impulses for debate. The Individual in International Law is an exploration of what is described as the humanisation of international law. It examines how international law has accommodated individuals, and how individual status, rights, and obligations have become denser and more important in the international legal system. Split into two parts, the book analyses the humanisation of international law in different historical periods and from various theoretical perspectives. The first part focuses on the historical evolution of international law, exploring how the interests of individuals have shaped the development of the legal system from antiquity to 1945, providing a counterpoint to State-centric readings of international law's history. The second part contains theoretical debates, critical approaches, and interdisciplinary investigations, offering perspectives from ius positivism and ius naturalism, Marxism, TWAIL, feminism, global law, global constitutionalism, law and economics, and legal anthropology. The book aims to stimulate further research on the humanisation and dehumanisation of new fields ranging from the ius contra bellum to climate law. The editors' introduction and conclusion frame the contributions, draw together their findings, and address critiques comprehensively. Written by a team of acknowledged experts in their fields, this volume elucidates how the interests, rights, obligations, and responsibilities of individuals have shaped international norms and regimes, and suggests how a reoriented transformative humanism can inform and develop international law in an era of profound ideological, ecological, and technical challenge.
    URL: Open Access
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  • 45
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    Changing Foreign Direct Investment Dynamics and Policy Responses : White Paper for Japan's G7 Presidency (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Foreign Trade, FDI, and Capital Flows Study
    Schlagwort(e): East Asia ; FDI ; FDI Policy Reforms ; Foreign Direct Investment ; International Economics and Trade ; Liberalization ; Sub-Saharan Africa
    Kurzfassung: A new report from the World Bank Group focuses on the trends in foreign direct investment (FDI), which encompasses foreign investment in new or existing firms and production facilities. FDI is a subset of overall capital flows, but it is perhaps the most critical because of its potential development impact and stability relative to other cross-border capital flows. Foreign capital flows to developing countries fell to an estimated USD 662 billion in 2022 from an average of over USD 1 trillion in the decade preceding the COVID-19 pandemic. Declining investment flows to developing markets largely reflect weaker macroeconomic prospects, geopolitical tensions, as well as the lasting impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The trend is also linked to the ongoing process of shifting global value chains and the transformation of investment in terms of modes of entry, sources, and sectors, among other dimensions. Growing climate change impacts, rising interest rates, and policy changes in advanced countries--such as incentives for green investments and localization of supply chains for key technologies--have also had far-reaching implications for the allocation of investment across the globe. The study seeks to provide a granular analysis of shifts in foreign direct investment flows and policy trends and suggests responses that developing countries may consider in order to reverse recent declines and to enable more private capital to support their development needs
    DOI: 10.1596/40934
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  • 46
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    The Primary Health Care System of the Republic of the Marshall Islands : A Primary Health Care Performance Initiative Assessment (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Health Sector Review
    Schlagwort(e): Access and Coverage ; Equity ; Financing ; Health Insurance ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; PHCPI Framework ; PHP ; Quality
    Kurzfassung: This report presents the findings of the primary health care (PHC) system in the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI), an assessment that the World Bank conducted in consultation with the Ministry of Health and Human Services (MHHS) of the government of RMI. The assessment provides an opportunity to understand the performance of RMI's PHC system, highlighting important areas of strengths and opportunities to address ongoing challenges. The assessment uses the Primary Health Care Performance Initiative (PHCPI) framework, which organizes various domains and subdomains of primary care using a logic model approach that encompasses the traditional inputs and outputs of a system, emphasizing service delivery and performance
    DOI: 10.1596/40846
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 47
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    Job Finding and Separation among Syrian refugees in Jordan and Their Hosts during the COVID-19 Pandemic (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (49 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Wahby, Sarah Job Finding and Separation among Syrian refugees in Jordan and Their Hosts during the COVID-19 Pandemic
    Schlagwort(e): Covid-19 Impact on Refugees ; Human Rights ; Involuntary Resettlement Law ; Job Finding ; Job Separation ; Labor Market Inequality ; Labor Markets ; Law and Development ; Refugee Camps and Resilience ; Refugees ; Social Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Voluntary and Involuntary Resettlement
    Kurzfassung: Refugees face important barriers to participation in the formal market, which locks them in informal employment and makes them more vulnerable to shocks. Using data from Jordan, this paper compares the job finding and separation rates of Syrian refugees to those of their hosts before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings show the change in these rates over time for Syrians to be similar to those of their Jordanian hosts prior to the pandemic, with a significant divergence after the start of the pandemic. Distinguishing between Syrians living in camps and those living in host communities shows that the Syrian disadvantage was entirely explained by living in camps
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10670
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 48
    Online-Ressource
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    Nigeria Development Update, December 2023 : Turning the Corner: From Reforms and Renewed Hope, to Results (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Schlagwort(e): Economic Forecasting ; Economic Growth ; FDI ; Foreign Direct Investment ; FX ; Import Bans ; Improved Welfare ; Inflation ; International Economics and Trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Oil Flows ; Private Sector Credit
    Kurzfassung: Important reform decisions have been taken for Nigeria to avoid a fiscal cliff, and temporary compensation is being provided to help the poorest and most vulnerable households. In May and June 2023, the incoming administration undertook two critical policy decisions, which have resulted in price and exchange rate adjustments in the second half of the year. Targeted cash transfers are helping to cushion the adjustment to higher gasoline prices. On fiscal policy, budget planning for the next several years is consistent with sustaining the fiscal savings from the subsidy reform and mobilizing more revenues. However, the reforms are yet to be completed to fully realize the economic benefits. The FX market has remained volatile and is still in a period of continuing adjustment to the new policy approach. Revenue gains from the FX reform are visible, but more clarity is needed on oil revenues, including the fiscal benefits from the PMS subsidy reform. The economic outlook for Nigeria in the short to medium term hinges on the continuation and effectiveness of its macroeconomic stabilization agenda. Successful implementation of the initiated reforms will be the first step toward improving Nigeria's growth prospect. Moving decisively onto a higher long-term growth and poverty reduction path requires not only a stable macroeconomic environment but also concerted structural reforms
    DOI: 10.1596/40863
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 49
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    Leveraging Women's Views to Influence Gender Norms around Women Working : Evidence from an Online Intervention in Indonesia (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (43 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Cameron, Lisa Leveraging Women's Views to Influence Gender Norms around Women Working: Evidence from an Online Intervention in Indonesia
    Schlagwort(e): Gender ; Gender Equality ; Gender Monitoring and Evaluation ; Women Employment ; Women In The Workforce
    Kurzfassung: How to influence social norms that drive behavior in relation to women's participation in employment is not well understood. Providing randomly selected participants with information on the extent of (i) women's support for women with children working; (ii) husband's support for sharing day-to-day childcare with wives; and (iii) mothers' and mother-in-law's support for working women, increased the probability of choosing an online career mentoring course for women over a shopping voucher of equal value by 25 percent. Information beyond women's support for working women further increased support for women working for some groups, although not strongly so
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10681
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 50
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    Bridging the Gap : Inequality and Jobs in Thailand (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Social Protection Study
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Inclusive Society ; Income Inequality ; Labor Markets ; Social Protections and Assistance ; Social Protections and Labor ; Structural Drivers ; Wage
    Kurzfassung: This report is intended to inform public debate and policymaking on income inequality in Thailand. It aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of income inequality in Thailand and identify opportunities to promote more inclusive growth. The analysis uses a wealth of data from a variety of sources (detailed in Appendix A) to examine the pattern, structure, and drivers of income inequality in the country, with a special focus on inequality and labor market supply-side factors. It is structured as follows. This section has laid the foundation for analysis, examining historical trends in both consumption - and income-based measures of inequality while providing geographic context and data on public perceptions about inequality. It also provided a summary of literature findings. Section 2 analyzes the pandemic's impacts on inequality, including the role that social assistance played in mitigating its effects but also the potential scarring effects on children's human capital development. Section 3 examines the structural drivers of inequality and its persistence, focusing on the role of inequality of opportunity in human capital development and access to basic services. Finally, Section 4 provides policy options to create a more inclusive society by addressing the root causes of persistent inequality and mitigating the challenges brought about by the pandemic. In particular, since a significant share of the poor in Thailand are engaged in agriculture, the report underscores that improving farm incomes is crucial for alleviating poverty and reducing inequality. As such, Section 4 draws its recommendations from a recent study on the key challenges and opportunities facing Thai farmers to raise agricultural productivity and incomes
    DOI: 10.1596/40878
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 51
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    Dysfunctional Family Management : Family-Managed Businesses and the Quality of Management Practices (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (36 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Gatti, Roberta Dysfunctional Family Management: Family-Managed Businesses and the Quality of Management Practices
    Schlagwort(e): Business Environment ; Family Owned Businesses ; Management Practices ; Managerial Talent ; Private Equity ; Private Sector ; Private Sector Development
    Kurzfassung: Better managed firms perform better. Existing evidence has shown that family-managed firms have poorer management practices. Several reasons have been proposed. Limiting to family members reduces the talent pool of potential managers. Family management creates disincentives for other talented workers given that the environment is not meritocratic. Family managers themselves may be less motivated given that they may not have to compete for the position. This study scales up the evidence by exploring the relationship between family managers and management practices for about 9,000 medium and large firms across 41 developing and advanced economies. The study contributes to the literature by investigating several internal and external operating factors that attenuate or accentuate the relationship between family management and the quality of management practices. The engagement of governments in terms of corruption and political connections is found to be influential
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10684
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 52
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    Rural Labor and Long Recall Loss (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (34 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Ambler, Kate Rural Labor and Long Recall Loss
    Schlagwort(e): Employment and Unemployment ; Labor Supply ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Household Survey ; Rural Labor ; Social Protections and Labor ; Unemployment
    Kurzfassung: Surveys frequently rely on annual recall to capture individuals' labor activities over the preceding year. This paper uses a panel of rural households in Malawi for a survey experiment to test the effect of a long, annual recall window on reported labor supply relative to a set of quarterly interviews. The paper documents large losses in reported labor participation using the long recall window with reductions of over 20 percent of reported activities and months worked and a 2.5 times greater incidence of reported unemployment relative to the shorter window. These losses are greater for activities further in the past and especially for individuals whose labor supply is reported by other family members, reaching up to 50 percent for some outcomes. The profile of households' primary respondents, predominantly male and older, and differential effects by age further suggest that long recall may cause meaningful biases in the resulting data for women and younger household members
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10680
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 53
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    Exit Patterns from Brazil's Bolsa Familia and the Role of the Local Labor Market (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (43 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Fietz, Katharina Exit Patterns from Brazil's Bolsa Familia and the Role of the Local Labor Market
    Schlagwort(e): Bolsa Familia ; Conditional Cash Transfer ; Dynamic Means-Tested Cash Transfer ; Labor Market ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Workers ; Social Protection Program Graduation ; Social Protections and Labor
    Kurzfassung: Can rising tides in the labor market lift the poor out of social assistance Although a substantial literature has studied the capacity of safety nets to expand automatically during labor market shocks, less is known about the dynamics of social assistance when labor market conditions improve, and who may benefit from positive changes. This paper studies how rising formal employment at the municipal level affects the likelihood of beneficiary families to exit Bolsa Familia, Brazil's dynamic means-tested cash transfer. The analysis exploits panel data from Brazil's vast social registry, matched with seven years of Bolsa Familia payroll information and formal employment records. The data reveal that the Bolsa Familia program displays significant and heterogeneous dynamism, with beneficiaries with higher levels of education and fewer constraints to labor supply taking fewer years to exit. The analysis then uses fixed-effects estimates, combined with an instrumental variable approach, to identify the effects of exogenous changes in the local labor market on exits. The findings show that the increase in local employment leads to a small, statistically significant rise in the probability of exiting from Bolsa Familia. These effects are concentrated in households with spare labor supply and those with medium levels of education
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10676
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 54
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    Little Nomads : Economic and Social Impacts of Migration on Children (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (48 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Cortina Toro, Magdalena Little Nomads: Economic and Social Impacts of Migration on Children
    Schlagwort(e): Child Migration ; Education Services ; Migration ; Migration Influence on Children ; Poverty Reduction
    Kurzfassung: This paper reviews the main findings from 110 studies produced between 1990 and 2023, focusing on the impact of migration on various child groups affected through the migration path, including left-behind, immigrant (including voluntary and forced), and native children. The findings reveal that migration's influence on children's outcomes is complex and context- dependent, and it is dramatically influenced by household demographics and public policies. Key findings include the following: (i) left-behind children benefit from remittances but experience dramatic declines in their cognitive and non-cognitive development due to parental absence; (ii) immigrant children generally fare better than those in their origin countries but still underperform compared to native children in host countries; and (iii) the impacts of migration on native children is largely dependent on the adjustment of public service supply to the increased demand for public services. In cases where education services expand to meet rising demand, the effect on native children can be minimal or even positive. The paper emphasizes the need for more experimental or quasi-experimental research examining the effectiveness of programs supporting migrant and minor host children and calls for longitudinal data collection for better understanding the challenges and needs of migrant children, particularly in developing countries
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10686
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 55
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    The Welfare Cost of Drought in Sub-Saharan Africa (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (49 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Gascoigne, Jon The Welfare Cost of Drought in Sub-Saharan Africa
    Schlagwort(e): Climate Change ; Climate Change and Health ; Draught ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Consumption ; Social Aspects of Climate Change ; Social Development ; Social Protection and Climate Change
    Kurzfassung: This paper quantifies the impact of drought on household consumption for five main agroecological zones in Africa, developing vulnerability (or damage) functions of the relationship between rainfall deficits and poverty. Damage functions are a key element in models that quantify the risk of extreme weather and the impacts of climate change. Although these functions are commonly estimated for storm or flood damages to buildings, they are less often available for income losses from droughts. The paper takes a regional approach to the analysis, developing standardized hazard definitions and methods for matching hazard and household data, allowing survey data from close to 100,000 households to be used in the analysis. The damage functions are used to quantify the impact of historical weather conditions on poverty for eight countries, highlighting the risk to poverty outcomes that weather variability causes. National poverty rates are 1-12 percent higher, depending on the country, under the worst weather conditions relative to the best conditions observed in the past 13 years. This amounts to an increase in the total poverty gap that ranges from USD 4 million to USD 2.4 billion (2011 purchasing power parity)
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10683
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 56
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    Fiscal Incidence on the Island : Grenada's Fiscal System and Its Incidence (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (32 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Canavire Bacarreza, Gustavo Fiscal Incidence on the Island: Grenada's Fiscal System and Its Incidence
    Schlagwort(e): Consumption ; Fiscal Incidence ; Fiscal Policy Interventions ; Inequality ; Living Standards ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty ; Poverty Reduction ; Public Expenditure ; Public Revenue ; Social Transfers ; Tax ; Taxation and Subsidies
    Kurzfassung: This paper examines the distributional effects of fiscal policy in Grenada. Using data from the 2017-18 Living Conditions and Household Budgets Survey and following the Commitment to Equity analysis framework, the paper estimates the effects of fiscal policy interventions on inequality and poverty. It analyzes the distributional incidence of direct and indirect taxes, direct transfers provided by social transfers and school feeding programs, and in-kind transfers generated by public services in health and education. The results show that Grenada has a tax system that is neutral on the value-added tax side and progressive on the personal income tax side. Furthermore, direct transfers make a modest contribution to poverty reduction and are almost neutral in their distributive impact. The results contribute to the understanding of who bears the burden of taxation and benefits from transfers and of how Grenada's fiscal system can improve its redistributive effect
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10678
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 57
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    Missing Evidence : Tracking Academic Data Use around the World (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (39 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Stacy, Brian Missing Evidence: Tracking Academic Data Use around the World
    Schlagwort(e): Academia ; Academic Research Article Survey ; Country Data Analysis ; Developing Country Research Study ; Economic Policy, Institutions and Governance ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Natural Language Processing ; Poverty and Policy ; Poverty Reduction
    Kurzfassung: Data-driven research on a country is key to producing evidence-based public policies. Yet little is known about where data-driven research is lacking and how it could be expanded. This paper proposes a method for tracking academic data use by country of subject, applying natural language processing to open-access research papers. The model's predictions produce country estimates of the number of articles using data that are highly correlated with a human-coded approach, with a correlation of 0.99. Analyzing more than 1 million academic articles, the paper finds that the number of articles on a country is strongly correlated with its gross domestic product per capita, population, and the quality of its national statistical system. The paper identifies data sources that are strongly associated with data-driven research and finds that availability of subnational data appears to be particularly important. Finally, the paper classifies countries into groups based on whether they could most benefit from increasing their supply of or demand for data. The findings show that the former applies to many low- and lower-middle-income countries, while the latter applies to many upper-middle- and high-income countries
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10673
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 58
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    Better Internet for All Filipinos : Reforms Promoting Competition and Increasing Investment for Broadband Infrastructure - A Policy Note (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Policy Notes
    Schlagwort(e): Broadband Infrastructure ; Digital Divide ; Digitalization ; ICT Legal and Regulatory Framework ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Internet ; Outdated Legal Frameworks
    Kurzfassung: Equitable access to broadband services is imperative to narrow the digital divide and for more people to benefit from digitalization. Compared to other ASEAN countries, the Philippines' internet connectivity lags in affordability, speed, and access, creating an uneven landscape for digital participation. Limited internet access curbs digital potential for citizens and businesses, with peri-urban connectivity being critical to future growth. The country's poor broadband infrastructure is rooted in outdated policy frameworks that stifle investment in rural areas and foster a market with weak competition, both of which hinder broadband expansion. Binding constraints underlying the Philippines' poor broadband infrastructure are inter-related, requiring a comprehensive package of reforms to yield desired entry, investment, and sector performance outcomes. The open access in data transmission (OADT) bill is a promising, viable start, among several proposals in Congress. Policymakers can build on immediate reforms through the open access bill as an entry point to broader and medium- to longer-term digital connectivity agenda. The cost of inaction - loss of growth opportunity, people remaining unequipped for future jobs, and widening of the digital divide - is too high for the Philippines
    DOI: 10.1596/40924
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 59
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    FY 2023 Zimbabwe Country Opinion Survey Report (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Opinion Surveys
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Kurzfassung: The Country Opinion Survey in Zimbabwe assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Zimbabwe perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Zimbabwe on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Zimbabwe; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Zimbabwe; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Zimbabwe; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Zimbabwe
    DOI: 10.1596/40914
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 60
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    FY 2023 Jamaica Country Opinion Survey Report (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Opinion Surveys
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Kurzfassung: The Country Opinion Survey in Jamaica assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Jamaica perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Jamaica on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Jamaica; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Jamaica; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Jamaica; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Jamaica
    DOI: 10.1596/40905
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 61
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    Ethiopia Country Program Evaluation (Approach Paper) (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: IEG Independent Evaluations and Annual Reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Conflict and Fragility ; CPE ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Drought and Climate Shocks ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Mavroeconomic Vulnerabilities ; Unsustainable Development ; Weak Business Environment
    Kurzfassung: The objective of this Country Program Evaluation (CPE) is to assess how well the World Bank Group supported Ethiopia in addressing key challenges that constrained its development and how that support adapted over time to respond to changing circumstances, an evolving relationship, and lessons from experience. The evaluation will cover fiscal years (FY)13-23. The time period is selected to include the last two Bank Group strategies to support Ethiopia and coincides with the period of theprevious two political administrations. The evaluation aims to inform the next Bank Group-supported Country Partnership Framework (CPF) for Ethiopia expected in FY25
    DOI: 10.1596/40887
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 62
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    South Sudan Economic Monitor : Investing in Humans (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Schlagwort(e): Economic Growth ; Financial Sector ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Food Security ; Inflation ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Monetary Policy ; Real Sector
    Kurzfassung: Notwithstanding slower global growth and lingering impacts of recent catastrophic floods, private sector activity, outside the oil sector, has been supported by a relative return to peace, and higher government spending. Nevertheless, the economy is estimated to have contracted by 0.4 percent in FY23/24, reflecting drags from oil production. Supported by a successful exchange rate liberalization, inflation averaged -3.2 percent in 2022 and around 3 percent in the first nine months of 2023. Monetary policy has tightened in recent months, but it remains imperative that the central bank refrain from financing the fiscal deficit. The FY23/24 budget projects a smaller financing gap of about 13 percent of budget expenditures comparedto previous years. However, financing vulnerabilities remain high because of limited fiscal and external liquidity buffers and limited debt-carrying capacity
    DOI: 10.1596/40856
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  • 63
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    Refining Indonesia's Intergovernmental Transfers Mechanism : Fiscal Capacity Estimation to Incentivize Subnational Tax Effort (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Equitable Growth, Finance and Institutions Insight
    Schlagwort(e): Fiscal Capacity Estimation ; Fiscal Policy ; Intergovernmental Transfers ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Subnational Tax Effort ; Tax Reform ; Taxation and Subsidies
    Kurzfassung: This paper discusses the application of the conceptual framework for potential revenue estimation using Indonesia's existing macroeconomic indicators. The authors find that Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), population, and urbanization rate are good predictors for most tax sources. These three indicators also predicted the total district's OSRs well, providing an empirical foundation for an aggregated macro-based model to estimate all OSRs using the abovementioned variables. The rest of the paper is structured as follows: section 1 provides a description of Indonesia's system of intergovernmental transfers and subnational taxation. It shows subnational fiscal reliance on transfers rather than OSRs. Section 2 makes the case for reforming the DAU formula and explains recent efforts by the Government of Indonesia on that front. Section 3 discusses the limited existing empirical literature on estimating potential revenues for transfers formula. Section 4 explains and applies our conceptual framework for potential revenue estimation. It also provides the empirical justification to use an aggregated approach to estimation rather than estimating each individual tax base. Section 5 applies the aggregated approach to estimating potential revenues. Section 6 discusses the equity implications and makes the case for using district fixed effects. Finally, section 7 provides a conclusion of this paper
    DOI: 10.1596/40975
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  • 64
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    FY 2023 Guinea Country Opinion Survey : Pulse Report (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Opinion Surveys
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Kurzfassung: The Country Opinion Survey in Guinea assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Guinea perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Guinea on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Guinea; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Guinea; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Guinea; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Guinea
    DOI: 10.1596/40904
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 65
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    Evidence on Public Procurement from Firm-Level Surveys : Global Statistics from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys and a Novel Public Procurement Survey Module (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Equitable Growth, Finance and Institutions Insight
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Firm-Level ; Global Statistics ; Public and Municipal Finance ; Public Procurement ; WBES
    Kurzfassung: Public procurement is at the intersection between the public and the private sectors. Policy makers and practitioners are increasingly paying attention to the potential catalytic role of public procurement to promote economic growth and inclusive and sustainable development, for example through participation of SMEs and women-owned firms in this market. However, despite a growing academic literature, there is still limited evidence on the link between public procurement and firms, which this paper contributes to address in two ways. First, this paper provides guidance on how to design a high-quality firm-level survey to study public procurement from the perspective of firms. Second, this paper presents some of the statistics and stylized facts that can be generated on public procurement from the existing World Bank Enterprise Surveys data, covering more than 150 countries worldwide. To sustain evidence-based policies in public procurement, firm-level survey data can be a valuable source of information on public procurement market. In particular, it can capture dimensions such as views and perceptions of firms that cannot be observed from e-government procurement data, it allows to study firms that never entered the public procurement market, and it provides data for countries that have not adopted an eGP system yet. Together with legislative and institutional reviews, and the analysis of transactional procurement data, firm-level survey data can be used to identify weaknesses of a public procurement system and inform reform efforts. This paper is part of a broader effort to continuously expand the available data, statistics, and tools for evidence-based policy making in public procurement
    DOI: 10.1596/40822
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  • 66
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    VAT Rate Structures in Theory and Practice (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (26 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Thomas, Alastair VAT Rate Structures in Theory and Practice
    Schlagwort(e): Economic Theory and Research ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Redistribution ; Reduced Rates ; Tax Law ; Tax Rate ; Tax Reform ; Value Added Tax (VAT)
    Kurzfassung: Most countries' value-added tax (VAT) systems apply reduced VAT rates to a selection of expenditure items in order to achieve distributional goals, and (to a lesser extent) social and cultural objectives. This paper assesses the case for applying reduced VAT rates, with a particular focus on OECD countries where reduced rates feature prominently. It examines both the theoretical and empirical evidence, as well as practical considerations, and concludes that the case for reduced VAT rates is weak. In particular, the optimal indirect tax literature finds no redistributive role for reduced VAT rates when other more direct instruments are available. These theoretical findings are supported by the empirical literature that shows reduced VAT rates to be a poorly targeted means of supporting lower income households, particularly when compared to targeted cash transfer programs. Similarly, reduced VAT rates are unlikely to be a well-targeted way to encourage consumption of merit goods, while they also create significant administrative complexity. These findings have significant implications for tax reform in both developed and developing economies. In particular, where countries have the administrative capacity to implement effectively targeted cash transfer programs, they should use these programs to support poorer households instead of reduced VAT rates
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10677
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 67
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    Female Headship and Poverty in the Arab Region : Analysis of Trends and Dynamics Based on a New Typology (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (97 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als AlAzzawi, Shireen Female Headship and Poverty in the Arab Region: Analysis of Trends and Dynamics Based on a New Typology
    Schlagwort(e): Female-Headed Households (FHH) ; Female-Headedness Typology ; Gender ; Household Survey Data ; Poverty Dynamics ; Poverty Feminization ; Poverty Reduction ; Synthetic Panels
    Kurzfassung: Various challenges are thought to render female-headed households (FHHs) vulnerable to poverty in the Arab region. Yet, previous studies have had mixed results and the absence of household panel survey data hinders analysis of poverty dynamics. This paper addresses these challenges by proposing a novel typology of FHHs and analyzes synthetic panels constructed from 20 rounds of repeated cross-sectional surveys spanning the past two decades from the Arab Republic of Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Mauritania, the West Bank and Gaza, and Tunisia. The paper finds that the definition of FHHs matters for measuring poverty levels and dynamics. Most types of FHHs are less poor than non--FHHs on average, but FHHs with a major share of female adults are generally poorer. FHHs are more likely to escape poverty than households on average, but FHHs without children are the most likely to do so. While more children are generally associated with more poverty for FHHs, there is heterogeneity across countries in addition to heterogeneity across measures of FHHs. The findings provide useful inputs for social protection and employment programs aiming at reducing gender inequalities and poverty in the Arab region
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10672
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 68
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    Costing Disasters : Hedonic Pricing, Neighborhood Effects, and the Nepal Gorkha Earthquakes (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (24 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Floreani, Vincent A Costing Disasters: Hedonic Pricing, Neighborhood Effects, and the Nepal Gorkha Earthquakes
    Schlagwort(e): Climate Change Economics ; Earthquakes ; Environment ; Hedonic Price ; Housing Prices ; Imputed Rent ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Microsimulation ; Natural Disaster ; Natural Disasters ; Neighborhood Effects ; Spatial Economics ; Welfare
    Kurzfassung: Disasters are frequent and clearly harmful in developing countries, but precisely estimating their overall cost and distributional impact is challenging. This paper proposes a microsimulation approach to do so rapidly, borrowing concepts from both poverty analysis and urban economics. Because housing prices reflect the present value of a specific bundle of living conditions, local earnings opportunities, and local access to services, their change in the aftermath of a disaster can be interpreted as a measure of the welfare cost incurred by households. A hedonic pricing function is used to estimate such changes based on the destruction experienced by the dwellings themselves, but also on the overall destruction suffered by their surrounding areas. The first element captures the damage from worse living conditions, whereas the second captures the loss from diminished earnings opportunities and access to services. The proposed approach is illustrated by estimating the cost of the 2015 Gorkha earthquakes in Nepal. Overall, the estimated impact is comparable to that from the official assessment. But its spatial distribution is significantly different due to the pivotal influence of neighborhood effects
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10668
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  • 69
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    FY 2023 Mongolia Country Opinion Survey Report (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Opinion Surveys
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Kurzfassung: The Country Opinion Survey in Mongolia assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Mongolia perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Mongolia on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Mongolia; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Mongolia; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Mongolia; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Mongolia
    DOI: 10.1596/40909
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 70
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    FY 2023 Ghana Country Opinion Survey Report (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Opinion Surveys
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Kurzfassung: The Country Opinion Survey in Ghana assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Ghana perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Ghana on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Ghana; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Ghana; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Ghana; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Ghana
    DOI: 10.1596/40902
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 71
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    A Focused Assessment of the International Development Association's Private Sector Window : An Update to the Independent Evaluation Group's 2021 Early-Stage Assessment (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: IEG Independent Evaluations and Annual Reviews
    Schlagwort(e): IDA ; Private Investment ; Private Sector ; Private Sector Development ; Private Sector Economics ; Private Sector Window (PSW)
    Kurzfassung: The private sector is essential for creating jobs and prosperity in poor countries, but developing it is challenging, especially in fragile and conflict-affected situations (FCS). The IDA Private Sector Window (PSW) is a blended finance facility that enables the International Finance Corporation (IFC), the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), and third-party private sector investors to conduct high-risk transactions in International Development Association (IDA) countries and FCS countries. This evaluation aims to assess the usage, market development potential, and enabling factors of the PSW. The evaluation assesses how the usage of the PSW has changed from its inception in 2017 to 2023 and explores its potential market development effects and its enabling factors, namely concessionality (for IFC and MIGA) and additionality (for IFC). Concessionality is the level of subsidy needed for IFC and MIGA to offer transactions in PSW-eligible countries at market prices. Additionality is the unique support IFC brings to private investments (on a project basis) that is not offered by commercial sources of finance. It comprises financial and nonfinancial additionality. This evaluation assesses the PSW across three IDA cycles: IDA18, which covers FY18-20; IDA19, which covers FY21-22; and IDA20, which covers FY23-25. It updates the 2021 IEG early-stage assessment of the PSW (FY18-20) and complements the IDA20 PSW Mid-Term Review, which was prepared jointly by IDA, IFC, and MIGA
    DOI: 10.1596/40884
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 72
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    Estimating Economic Costs of Unhealthy Diets : A Proposed Methodology (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (47 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Horton, Susan Estimating Economic Costs of Unhealthy Diets: A Proposed Methodology
    Schlagwort(e): Agrifood Policy ; Cancer ; Diet Quality ; Food Choices ; Health Economics and Finance ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Healthcare Costs ; Non-Communicable Disease ; Nutrition ; Obesity ; Undernutrition
    Kurzfassung: Healthy diets have been characterized as responding to four universal principles--nutrient adequacy, dietary diversity, macronutrient balance, and moderation. With rising incomes, diet concerns globally have shifted from inadequacy of nutrients and lack of diversity, to lack of balance and moderation. This has occurred alongside declining rates of stunting and wasting in children under five and increasing rates of overweight and obesity across a broad age span. Calculations undertaken for low- and middle-income countries for policy and advocacy purposes of the economic cost of unhealthy diets have used nutritional status as a proxy or have made estimates of the impact of noncommunicable diseases by simply adding up known risks of individual diet factors. Both these methods have problems. This paper proposes a new methodology, taking advantage of recent, more holistic, measures of diet quality. Preliminary regression results are presented using cross-country data and the Global Dietary Recommendations Score and Minimum Dietary Diversity for women. The results suggest that diet quality variables generally have the expected signs, but there are also clear limitations of using cross-country data. The methodology could be applied in future to a limited number of broadly representative low- and middle-income countries data sets containing both diet recall data as well as measures of noncommunicable disease risk status. The analysis suggests that this work could inform policies such as the repurposing of existing agrifood policies to complement existing public health policies, to reduce the economic and health burdens imposed by unhealthy diets
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10671
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 73
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    Are Global Value Chains Women Friendly in Developing Countries? : Evidence from Firm-Level Data (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (46 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Kalliny, Marize Are Global Value Chains Women Friendly in Developing Countries? Evidence from Firm-Level Data
    Schlagwort(e): Firm-Level Data ; Gender ; Gender and Economics ; Gender and Law ; Gender and Trade ; Gender Monitoring and Evaluation ; Gendered Entrepreneur Data ; Global Value Chain ; Women's Empowerment ; Women's Trade Participation
    Kurzfassung: Despite the efforts made to increase women's inclusion in the economy, they are still underrepresented in trade in general and in global value chains in particular. Thus, this paper aims at examining the impact of global value chains on women's trade participation as entrepreneurs and employees. It also analyzes how this effect is moderated through external (gender provisions in trade agreements) and internal (investment climate variables) factors. The analysis uses firm-level data for 154 developing economies and emerging markets with a special focus on the Middle East and North Africa region, being one of the regions with the lowest female labor force participation. The main findings show that global value chains integration increases the likelihood of being a female owner and the share of female employees, especially production ones. A less robust negative effect is found for the impact on being a female top manager. These effects are moderated by the inclusion of gender provisions in trade agreements and by the characteristics of the investment climate (especially tax policy, access to finance, and corruption). These results remain robust after controlling for the endogeneity of global value chains using an instrumental variable approach and a propensity score estimation method where the treatment is being part of a global value chains. Thus, global value chains can be perceived as a tool that boosts women's empowerment in emerging economies, especially in the Middle East and North Africa region
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10667
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 74
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    Could Digital Inclusion Close the Gender Economic Gap in the MENA Region? (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (18 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Mohieldin, Mahmoud Could Digital Inclusion Close the Gender Economic Gap in the MENA Region?
    Schlagwort(e): Access and Connectivity ; Connectivity and Gender Equity ; Digital Divide ; Equitable Development ; Female Labor Market ; Gender ; Gender and Economic Empowerment ; Gender and Economics ; Gender and Law ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Internet Access ; Labor Markets ; Social Protections and Labor
    Kurzfassung: Closing the gender digital divide by ensuring equal access to and benefit of the internet may reduce economic inequalities and close the gender gap in employment by providing new economic opportunities and facilitating access to market information. This paper estimates the impact of digital inclusion, measured by the Inclusive Internet Index on the female-to-male labor force participation ratio, while controlling for other economic and social factors. Using data from the World Development Indicators, the Economist Intelligence Unit database, and the World Bank's Women, Business and the Law database for 13 countries in the Middle East and North Africa region for four years (2018 to 2021), a pooled cross section dataset is constructed. The model is estimated using generalized least squares to control for heteroskedasticity. The results show that an inclusive internet environment would reduce the gender gap in the labor force. Other key drivers include the structure of the economic growth, norms, and gender roles in the society. These results are relevant for the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals agenda, mainly goals 5 and 10
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10663
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 75
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    Connecting People to Projects : A New Approach to Measuring Women's Employment in the Middle East and North Africa (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (38 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Ragui, Assaad Connecting People to Projects: A New Approach to Measuring Women's Employment in the Middle East and North Africa
    Schlagwort(e): Employment Survey Questionnaire ; Gender ; Gender and Rural Development ; Gender Informatics ; Household Enterprises ; Labor Market Panel Surveys ; Rural Development ; Rural Labor Markets ; Survey Design ; Women's Employment
    Kurzfassung: Innovations to date in detecting women's employment have focused primarily on improving individual-level questions. This paper explores an alternative approach, using data on household enterprises and asking who participates in these activities. This research uses the latest waves of the Labor Market Panel Surveys for the Arab Republic of Egypt (2018) and Tunisia (2014). The research questions are (1) How do men's and women's employment rates change when adding enterprise-based detection questions to standard individual-level questions (2) Was the additional market employment detected with project-based approaches classified as subsistence work with individual measurement approaches (3) For which women is additional employment detected using project-based approaches The paper presents descriptive results on work based on the different approaches. It also estimates changes in state (being reclassified as working) from adding enterprise-level data. The findings show large increases in employment rates for rural women in both countries when including enterprise-based detection questions
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10659
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 76
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    Online-Ressource
    Armenia Public Sector Accountability Survey : Main Results and Recommendations (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Equitable Growth, Finance and Institutions Insight
    Schlagwort(e): Anticorruption Agenda ; Governance ; Governance and Financial Sector ; Integrity Risks ; Law and Development ; Public Administration ; Public Procurement
    Kurzfassung: The Armenia public sector accountability survey is instrumental in addressing the disparities between de jure laws and regulations and de facto practices and seeks to fill existing knowledge gaps and inform further definition and implementation of the government's anticorruption initiatives. The survey was implemented by the Corruption Prevention Commission (CPC) and the World Bank. It aimed to: (i) provide a comprehensive assessment of the patterns and determinants of integrity risks, and how they can impact productivity and performance in the public administration in Armenia; (ii) understand the perceptions of Armenian public servants regarding ongoing anticorruption initiatives, their awareness of integrity risks, and the needs for further interventions; and (iii) generate evidence, support and inform further definition of reforms and anticorruption initiatives that help address and counter weak integrity practices in the public sector in Armenia. By highlighting the disparities between de jure laws and de facto practices, particularly in terms of integrity within the public sector, this survey aimed to serve as a cornerstone for informing effective implementation in targeted interventions and bridging the gap between policy intentions and actual practices within Armenia's governance. The Armenia public sector accountability survey was aimed at public servants in selected public entities in Armenia, including central ministries and agencies, regional governments, and selected municipalities across the country. The analysis of the survey findings is anchored in the government production function conceptual framework and adjusted to explicitly take into account the drivers and consequences of corruption
    DOI: 10.1596/40949
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  • 77
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    FY 2023 Kenya Country Opinion Survey Report (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Opinion Surveys
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Kurzfassung: The Country Opinion Survey in Kenya assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Kenya perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Kenya on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Kenya; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Kenya; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Kenya; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Kenya
    DOI: 10.1596/40908
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 78
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    Nepal Country Program Evaluation : World Bank Group Support to Nepal, Fiscal Years 2014-23 (Approach Paper) (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: IEG Independent Evaluations and Annual Reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Climate Change ; Conflict ; CPE ; Development Challenges ; Finance and Development ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Natural Disasters
    Kurzfassung: This Country Program Evaluation (CPE) will assess the performance of the World Bank Group's support to Nepal in achieving its development objectives between 2014 and 2023. The evaluation will focus on the Bank Group's support to Nepal as it tackled its long-term development challenges while undertaking political and institutional reforms relating to the shift to federalism and responding to multiple shocks and disasters. This period covered by this evaluation spans the last two country strategies--the FY14-18 Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) and the FY19-23 Country Partnership Framework (CPF). The CPE will assess the adaptive relevance and coherence of the Bank Group-supported program by examining how the Bank Group has adapted its support over time in response to changing conditions and priorities. This will include an examination of the Bank Group's response to the 2015 earthquakes and the COVID-19 pandemic. The evaluation will assess the Bank Group's work in three important thematic areas--resilience to natural disasters, federalism, and jobs and private sector development--in greater depth
    DOI: 10.1596/40888
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  • 79
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    The Primary Health Care System of the Republic of Kiribati : A Primary Health Care Performance Initiative Assessment (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Health Sector Review
    Schlagwort(e): Health Insurance ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; KIRIBATI ; PHP ; PHPCPI ; Vital Signs Profile
    Kurzfassung: The assessment of Kiribati's primary health care (PHC) system, carried out by the World Bank in collaboration with the Government of Kiribati under the Primary Health Care Performance Initiative (PHCPI), marks a unique opportunity to identify the system's strengths and gaps and to catalyze further improvements. The PHCPI tools, including the Vital Signs Profile (VSP) methodology, provide important insights into the country's PHC system and generate actionable policy recommendations for improvement
    DOI: 10.1596/40847
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  • 80
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    Trade, Outsourcing, and the Environment (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (57 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Artuc, Erhan Trade, Outsourcing, and the Environment
    Schlagwort(e): Border Carbon Adjustment ; Carbon Policy and Trading ; Carbon Tariffs ; Carbon Tax ; CO2 Emission Leakage ; Environment ; Environment and Trade ; Environmental Policy ; International Economics and Trade ; Law and Development ; Tax Law
    Kurzfassung: This paper analyzes the effects of carbon taxation and border carbon adjustments in a setting where firms can choose to respond to taxation by abating or by outsourcing part of their production. For this, this paper sets up a general equilibrium trade model, calibrated with world trade and input-output data that features a discrete choice production structure, where the producers choose between outsourcing or abating emission-intensive intermediate production steps. The paper finds that border adjustments that cannot target scope 3 emissions can lead to outsourcing, and thus leakage, further down the value chain, but nevertheless induce higher abatement both in the countries that impose the border adjustment and in the ones affected by it
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10665
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  • 81
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    For Labor or for Divorce? : Unilateral Divorce Laws and Women's Labor Outcomes (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (49 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als El Mekkaoui, Najat For Labor or for Divorce? Unilateral Divorce Laws and Women's Labor Outcomes
    Schlagwort(e): Demographic and Health Survey ; Divorce ; Gender ; Gender and Economic Policy ; Gender and Social Policy ; Intra-Household Bargaining ; Labor and Employment Law ; Labor Markets ; Law and Development ; Mothers Labor Force Participation ; Social Protections and Labor ; Unilateral Divorce ; Women's Agency ; Women's Labor Force Participation
    Kurzfassung: Despite substantial progress in closing the gender gap, women's labor force participation in the Middle East and North Africa remains one of the lowest globally, at a mere 18 percent. This paper investigates the effect of the introduction of unilateral divorce laws on women's labor outcomes, using data from the Demographic and Health Survey program that spans decades and a quasi-experimental difference-in-differences design in three countries: Morocco, the Arab Republic of Egypt, and Jordan. The results highlight that no-fault divorce legislation was associated with a modest increase in mothers' labor outcomes, measured by current employment, a few years after the reform. These findings are likely induced by a power shift and anticipatory effects that drive women into the labor force. However, when a longer time window is considered, 10 or more years after the reform, the study documents a negative effect of the reform on women's labor outcomes in Morocco, and a positive effect in the Arab Republic of Egypt and Jordan. These differences can be attributed to a set of countervailing effects, including social norms, labor market dynamics, and evolution of the legislation, that make the derived utility from marriage, in some cases, more attractive than that derived from employment, and vice versa. These findings partially confirm results from previous research on the relationship between no-fault divorce and women's agency and empowerment in the Middle East and North Africa region, but, at the same time, contrast with prominent perspectives on legislation that aims at reducing gender-based discrimination. Instead, they show that there might be undesired effects of legislation and provide a policy relevant discussion on that basis
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10661
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  • 82
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    Reassessing Welfare Impacts of Bulgarian Fiscal Policy through a Child Poverty Perspective (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (59 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Robayo, Monica Reassessing Welfare Impacts of Bulgarian Fiscal Policy through a Child Poverty Perspective
    Schlagwort(e): Child Poverty ; Commitment To Equity (CEQ) Model ; Covid-19 Pandemic Impact on Child Poverty ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Fiscal Incidence ; Fiscal Policy ; Living Standards ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Social Development ; Social Spending ; Taxation
    Kurzfassung: This paper delves into Bulgaria's persistent issue of child poverty, even amidst policy efforts at the European Union (EU) and national levels. The study updates a comprehensive fiscal incidence analysis using the Commitment to Equity (CEQ) model, considering COVID-19's impact and a child-focused perspective, and simulates child-related policy interventions' effectiveness in alleviating child poverty. Our results show that Bulgaria's fiscal system has a limited impact on the overall at-risk of poverty rate, though it shows potential in reducing poverty for lower income deciles. Bulgaria's fiscal system reduces inequality compared to other countries with similar income levels, primarily driven by the substantial influence of direct transfers, education, and health allocations. Nevertheless, the redistributive effect of direct taxes and transfers remains comparatively modest within Europe. The study emphasizes the progressive nature of Bulgaria's fiscal components, benefiting the poorest through social benefits. When applying a child lens, our results show that fiscal policy is not very effective in addressing child poverty, as it reduces it by just 0.3 percentage points. However, means-tested programs targeting families and children play a significant role in mitigating child poverty. This research also underscores that specific households in Bulgaria face heightened vulnerability and may not receive optimal support from fiscal measures, including households with three or more children and lone-parent households, especially those headed by lone females. Microsimulation results suggest that enhancing child tax deductions among low-income earners and refining the design of child benefits to improve targeting effectiveness and generosity can notably contribute to child poverty reduction. The paper offers insights into more equitable policy design in Bulgaria's pursuit of combating child poverty
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10657
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  • 83
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    Maldives Human Capital Review : Unleashing People's Full Potential (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Social Analysis
    Schlagwort(e): Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Access To Education ; Agriculture ; Climate Change Impact ; Covid-19 Impact ; Education ; Food Security ; Health Service Management and Delivery ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Capital Accumulation and Utilization ; Inclusive Development ; Long-Term Economic Growth ; Social Protections and Assistance ; Social Protections and Labor
    Kurzfassung: This report is undertaken as a part of the Human Capital Project (HCP), a globalinitiative of the World Bank Group that aims to increase governments' awarenessof the importance of investing in people (World Bank date of publication not identifiedb). One of the maincomponents of the HCP is a cross-country metric--the Human Capital Index (HCI). The HCI estimates the amount of human capital a child born today can expect to accumulate by the age of 18, thus highlighting how current health and education outcomes shape the work productivity of the next generation. Moreover, given the cumulative nature of human capital, the HCI has clear milestones across the entire human life cycle: at birth, children need to survive; during childhood, they need to be well-nourished; at school age, they must complete all schooling and active adequate learning levels; and in adulthood, they need to stay in good health. Finally, the HCI includes a result: a score that ranges from 0 to 1. A country where an average child has virtually no risk of being stunted or dying before age five, receives high-quality education, and becomes a healthy adult, would have an HCI close to 1. Conversely, when the risk of being ill-nourished or prematurely dying is high, access to education is limited, and the quality of learning is low, the HCI would approach zero
    DOI: 10.1596/40944
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 84
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    Fiscal Policy, Poverty, and Inequality in a Constrained Environment : The Case of the West Bank and Gaza (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (79 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Amjad, Beenish Fiscal Policy, Poverty, and Inequality in a Constrained Environment: The Case of the West Bank and Gaza
    Schlagwort(e): Cash Transfer Program ; Commitment To Equity ; Comparative Analysis ; Fiscal Policy ; Indirect Taxes ; Inequality ; Inequality Reduction ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Tax Administration ; VAT
    Kurzfassung: This report analyzes the distributional impacts of the main taxes and transfers on households' welfare in the West Bank and Gaza. The analysis uses the Commitment to Equity methodology, enabling comparison of the results to other countries where this framework has been applied. The report assesses the effects of government taxation, social expenditure, and indirect subsidies on poverty and inequality in the West Bank and Gaza. The results indicate that the combination of taxes and transfers modelled in the West Bank and Gaza reduces inequality by 6.5 Gini points but increases the national poverty headcount by 8.4 percentage points. These fiscal policy outcomes on poverty and inequality reduction are below average in terms of desirability compared to other lower-middle-income countries. The taxes and transfers modelled in the West Bank and Gaza achieve most inequality reduction through in-kind benefits from public basic education and public hospitals, followed by the Cash Transfer Program and the value-added tax (VAT). Their large impact on inequality reduction is explained by a combination of their progressivity and their size relative to household income. The redistributive effect of direct taxes, customs duties, and indirect subsidies is zero or close to zero. Indirect taxes represent the fiscal interventions contributing most to the increase in national poverty; customs duties followed by VAT represent the largest burden on households' incomes. Direct transfers from social protection cannot offset the impoverishment effect from indirect taxes because they have very limited coverage. Only the poorest decile is a net cash beneficiary after paying taxes and receiving cashable transfers. The rest of the deciles are net payers to the fiscal system. To decrease poverty and inequality in the West Bank and Gaza, the most significant policy recommendation to emerge from the analysis is to expand direct transfers to the second and third deciles to compensate for indirect tax burdens. Financing this reform is feasible through domestic tax mobilization or through rationalization of inefficient fuel and electricity subsidies that benefit the top income deciles most
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10687
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 85
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    The Impact of Climate Change on Work : Lessons for Developing Countries (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (56 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Feriga, Moustafa Amgad Moustafa Ahmed Moustafa The Impact of Climate Change on Work: Lessons for Developing Countries
    Schlagwort(e): Climate Change ; Climate Change and Labor ; Environment ; Labor Demand ; Labor Supply ; Productivity
    Kurzfassung: What is the impact of climate change on labor Reviewing the evidence, this paper finds five areas of potential impact. Climate change may have an immediate effect on labor demand, labor supply and time allocation, on-the-job productivity, and income and vulnerability among the self-employed. In the medium term, climate change may lead to a reallocation of labor across economic activities and across space. Impact estimates typically rely on fixed effect estimation. These estimates require care when interpreted as they typically reflect the short-term direct impact of past events and abstract from potential adaptation. The paper discusses emerging work trying to address this, analyzing the responses by firms, farms, households, and workers. Together, the existing evidence points toward six potential areas of government response. Potential labor policies include green jobs, green skills, labor-oriented adaptation, flexible work regulation, labor market integration, and social protection. The paper concludes by setting out avenues for future research in this field
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10682
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 86
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    The Costs Come before the Benefits : Why Donors Should Invest More in Refugee Autonomy in Uganda (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (14 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Atamanov, Aziz The Costs Come before the Benefits: Why Donors Should Invest More in Refugee Autonomy in Uganda
    Schlagwort(e): Communities and Human Settlements ; Development Assistance Need ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Displacement ; Financial Inclusion ; Human Migrations and Resettlements ; Humanitarian Aid ; International Economics and Trade ; International Migration ; Labor Market Inclusion ; Poverty Reduction ; Refugees ; Self-Reliance
    Kurzfassung: When host countries allow refugees to earn income, two main groups benefit: refugees, who become financially autonomous, and international institutions that can reduce the humanitarian aid that would otherwise be needed to support refugees. Uganda is one of the more progressive countries when it comes to promoting the financial independence of refugees and shifting from humanitarian aid to development ways of working. This note considers how successful refugees in Uganda have been in becoming financially independent and estimates how assistance has been saved due to these efforts at economic inclusion. Using the international poverty line of USD 2.15 in 2017 purchasing power parities to proxy the costs of basic needs, the results suggest that the amount of total aid needed was reduced by almost 45 percent. They also show that many refugees live in poverty, implying that the present combination of aid and work is inadequate to assure a decent standard of living. While more assistance is needed in the short run, reductions in development assistance are feasible but require upfront investments in refugee earning capacity to realize them
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10679
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 87
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    COVID-19, School Closures, and Student Learning Outcomes : New Global Evidence from PISA (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (32 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Jakubowski, Maciej COVID-19, School Closures, and Student Learning Outcomes: New Global Evidence from PISA
    Schlagwort(e): Covid-19 Impact ; Education ; Educational Institutions and Facilities ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; International Student Achievement Tests ; Large-Scale International Learning Assessment ; Learning Loss ; Programme For International Student Assessment (PISA) ; Public Examination System ; School Closure Impact ; Student Achievement
    Kurzfassung: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in significant disruption in schooling worldwide. This paper uses global test score data to estimate learning losses. It models the effect of school closures on achievement by predicting the deviation of the most recent results from a linear trend using data from all rounds of the Programme for International Student Assessment. Scores declined by an average of 14 percent of a standard deviation, roughly equal to seven months of learning. Losses were greater for students in schools that faced relatively longer closures, boys, immigrants, and disadvantaged students. Educational losses may translate into significant national income losses over time
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10666
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 88
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    The Primary Health Care System in Fiji : A Primary Health Care Performance Initiative Assessment (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Health Sector Review
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Health Insurance ; Health Policy and Management ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; PHC ; Primary Health Care Performance ; Vital Signs Profile
    Kurzfassung: This report presents the findings of the Vital Signs Profile (VSP) assessment conducted by the World Bank and the Primary Health Care Performance Initiative (PHCPI) in collaboration with Fiji's Ministry of Health and Medical Services (MHMS). The VSP provides an opportunity to assess the state of the primary health care (PHC) system in Fiji, highlighting areas of strength and challenges through the lens of the PHCPI framework. The framework organizes various domains and subdomains of primary health care using a logic model approach that encompasses the traditional inputs and outputs of PHC systems and emphasizes the capacity and processes of PHC service delivery and performance. Notably, while PHCPI recognizes the role of social determinants of health and intersectoral health promotion and prevention efforts as important factors influencing population health, the VSP is primarily focused on aspects of health service delivery. Fiji is one of four Pacific countries - alongside Kiribati, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and Solomon Islands that have, with support of the World Bank, used PHCPI tools to take stock of current performance, safeguard what works well, and lay out a vision for areas requiring improvement
    DOI: 10.1596/40943
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  • 89
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    Assessment of Indonesia's Early Childhood Education and Development Accreditation Process (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Education Study
    Schlagwort(e): Accreditation Policies ; Childhood Development ; Early Childhood Development ; Early Education ; ECED ; Education ; GOI
    Kurzfassung: Investments in early years of education and childhood development are among the most cost-effective and beneficial a country can make to tackle learning poverty, promote healthy child development, and enhance shared prosperity. Over the past two decades, the Government of Indonesia (GoI) has scaled up its commitment to early childhood education and development (ECED) through various educational reforms, policies, programs, and financial investments. With the expansion of Indonesia's ECED system, the GoI has committed to improving its quality since the early 2000s. As a key mechanism to raise the quality of ECED services, the GoI actively encourages PAUD centers to become accredited. An analysis of factors that influence whether and how PAUD centers participate in the accreditation system is helpful to inform continuous quality improvement of Indonesia's ECED services. The World Bank is providing the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology (MoECRT) technical assistance and advice to improve Indonesia's ECED system. Supported by the Learning for Human Capital Development Programmatic Advisory Services and Analytics (PASA), this study was conducted to inform further improvements to Indonesia's ECED accreditation system. This report presents the findings from the abovementioned ECED accreditation system assessment and is organized in four main sections after an introduction. Section I describes the study's background and the country context, with emphasis on the ECED system and its quality assurance mechanisms. Section II details the methodology used. Section III presents a summary of the survey results. Section IV discusses the implications of the findings and outlines recommendations to inform accreditation policies and programs
    DOI: 10.1596/40933
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  • 90
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    Trading Towards Sustainability : The Role of Trade Policies in Indonesia's Green Transformation (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other ESW Reports
    Schlagwort(e): Adaptation to Climate Change ; Environment ; Green Transformation ; International Economics and Trade ; Plastic Substitutes ; Sustainability ; Trade ; Trade Policies ; Trade Policy
    Kurzfassung: Climate change - and efforts to mitigate and adapt to it - will affect global flows of trade and Indonesia's ability to transition to a more environmentally sustainable economy on its path to become a high-income economy is, therefore, interlinked with trade policy. Environmental policy stringency (EPS) is increasing around the globe - a crucial challenge lies in harmonizing these with sustained economic growth, yet both goals can be reached. Although trade flows facilitate emissions, they are also a critical part of the solution, including through trade in environmental goods (EGs) and plastic substitutes - with important economic spillovers. This report provides a detailed analysis of the role of trade and trade policy on EGs and plastic substitutes in Indonesia's green transition. Chapter one describes the need for, and urgency of, this transition, by looking at the carbon intensity of Indonesia's trade, the impacts of environmental policies of Indonesia and key trading partners, and the roles of EGs. Chapter two examines where Indonesia stands on the level of trade in EGs and plastic substitutes and the competitiveness of EGs trade. Chapter three explores trade agreements and tariffs and simulates potential impacts of tariff reforms - including through multilateral actions. Chapter four examines what non-tariff measures (NTMs) apply on the products including inputs of firms exporting EGs and assesses which NTMs may be costly. Finally, chapter five concludes with policy recommendations
    DOI: 10.1596/40925
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  • 91
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    FY 2023 Serbia Country Opinion Survey : Pulse Report (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Opinion Surveys
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Kurzfassung: The Country Opinion Survey in Serbia assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Serbia perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Serbia on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Serbia; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Serbia; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Serbia; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Serbia
    DOI: 10.1596/40911
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  • 92
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    Gulf Economic Update, Fall 2023 : Structural Reforms and Shifting Social Norms to Increase Women's Labor Force Participation (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Schlagwort(e): Economic Growth ; Gender ; Gender and Development ; Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Saudi Arabia ; Women ; Women and Labor
    Kurzfassung: The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) economies have been a bright spot in an otherwise gloomy economic landscape. Average growthin the GCC surpassed 7 percent in 2022 led by Saudi Arabia, its biggest economy, which was globally the fastest growing large economy. This growth was not just a result of buoyant hydrocarbon prices but also continued growth of non-oil sectors. The latter was the result of persistent structural reforms undertaken by several GCC countries to improve the investment environment, promote flexible labor markets, and encourage women to join the labor market. GCC countries have used the windfall revenues from oil and gas to rebuild their buffers, pay down their debt, and shore-up their sovereign wealth funds. They have also sought to protect their vulnerable populations with continued subsidies on food, fuel, and utilities. Such policies have limited the impact of inflation on the domestic economy. Finally, GCC countries have also used their financial muscle to support economically weaker countries in the region. The stellar growth of 2022 is slowing down and growth is expected to moderate to 1 percent in 2023 before picking up again to 3.6 percent in 2024. The decline in economic activity in 2023 is driven by consecutive production cut decisions by OPEC+ in an effort to stabilize global oil prices. However, non-oil GDP continues its growth trajectory reaching 3.9 percent, resulting weaker integration between oil and non-oil sectors. To maintain this track record, GCC countries will need to continue to exercise prudent macroeconomic management, stay the course with structural reforms, and increase non-oil exports. Downside risks remain and it would be amiss not to mention them. The conflict in the Middle East presents major risks to the region and the GCC outlook if it extends or expands to include other regional players. While it is too early to quantify the impact and channels of the conflict, we already witness a 4 percentsurge in global oil futures. Although China is bouncing back after emerging from tight Covid-19 lockdowns, troubles in the real estate sector could still disrupt this trajectory. Persistent high inflation in the world's major economies has not been entirely vanquishedsuggesting a high interest rate environment for a longer period. Windfall revenues are anticipated as a result of higher oil prices driven by the conflict in the Middle East. However, the extent and duration of the conflict will play a pivotal role in determining economicramifications not only on energy markets but also on regional financial and trade markets and overall economic confidence. The Special Focus section of the report discusses the power of structural reforms and social norms in advancing female labor force participation in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia experienced an unprecedented surge in female labor force participation since 2016 as a result of: (i) changing regulations and the removal of legal barriers, shifting social norms, (ii) the implementation of sound structural reforms and (iii) effective government communications. Saudi Arabia's success in increasing female labor force participation from 17.4 percent in 2017 to 36 percent in 2023 offers important lessons to other countries in the region and the world
    DOI: 10.1596/40880
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  • 93
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    Comprehensive Assessment of the Childcare Landscape in Lebanon : A Mixed Methods Study (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Social Protection Study
    Schlagwort(e): Childcare ; Early Childhood Development ; Education ; Legal Framework ; Policies ; Services Mapping ; Social Protections and Assistance ; Social Protections and Labor
    Kurzfassung: The "Comprehensive Assessment of the Childcare Landscape in Lebanon: A Mixed Methods Study" analyzes the supply and demand of formal childcare services for children aged 0-3. It provides a review of Lebanon's regulatory and institutional framework around childcare, maps out the current supply of services including cost and quality aspects, and deepens the understanding of households' childcare needs. Findings show that there is a mismatch between supply and demand, with a gap in provision for the youngest children and that supply is mostly private, costly, and concentrated in coastal areas. Childcare responsibilities limit women's ability to join the labor force, and affordability is a main constraint for families to access services, resulting in low demand for formal childcare. The study proposes measures for an inclusive expansion of quality and affordable childcare services in four areas: (i) an enabling environment for efficient, affordable provision of quality childcare services, (ii) a more equitable distribution of the unpaid care work burden within the household, (iii) improved State support to address households' care needs, and (iv) inclusive family-friendly workplace conditions in the private sector
    DOI: 10.1596/40845
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  • 94
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    Labor Market Participation and Employment Choice in Ghana : Do Individual Personality Traits and Gender Role Attitudes Matter? (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (52 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Amankwah, Akuffo Labor Market Participation and Employment Choice in Ghana: Do Individual Personality Traits and Gender Role Attitudes Matter?
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Employment Outcome ; Employment Preference ; Gender ; Gender Monitoring and Evaluation ; Gender Norms ; Gender Role Attitudes ; Informal Sector Measurement Study ; Labor Markets ; Multi-Stage Sampling ; Personality Traits ; Poverty Reduction ; Secondary Education Equity ; Self-Employment
    Kurzfassung: In addition to the conventional determinants of labor market participation and the choice between wage employment and self-employment, there is a growing interest of the significance of gender role attitudes and personality traits. This study uses data from the 2022 Ghana Informal Sector Measurement Study to investigate the influence of these factors on employment outcomes in the Northern and Ashanti regions of Ghana. The findings are based on a series of analyses, including descriptive, multinomial logistic, and linear probability model regressions. The empirical results show the critical role played by both gender role attitudes and personality traits in shaping individuals' decisions on labor market participation and employment choices. Notably, personality traits emerge as significant drivers of observed employment outcomes. However, the impact of these personality traits is often mitigated or even reversed in the presence of heightened traditionalism. Furthermore, the gender-disaggregated analysis reveals that possessing at least a secondary education level is a pivotal factor in the selection of men into formal employment, whereas this criterion holds less significance for women. Conversely, once the decision to participate in the labor market has been made, having at least a secondary education becomes relevant for securing wage employment, regardless of an individual's gender
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10664
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  • 95
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    Feasibility Study : Disaster Risk Finance and Insurance (DRFI) Solutions for Family Farmers in El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras (January 2024) (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Risk and Vulnerability Assessment
    Schlagwort(e): Disaster Finance ; DRFI ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Crisis Management and Restructuring ; NCA ; North Central America
    Kurzfassung: The objective of this feasibility study is to identify disaster risk finance and insurance (DRFI) solutions for up to 1.9 million family farmers in El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras. This study is motivated by an emerging consensus on the need to design and implement large-scale DRFI solutions to improve the financial resilience of family farmers in North Central America (NCA) and reduce their vulnerability to extreme weather events and climate risks. The feasibility study provides an initial assessment of the technical, operational, financial, and policy considerations for developing and implementing DRFI solutions for family farmers in NCA. The feasibility study considers lessons learned from existing large-scale DRFI solutions in peer countries as well as ongoing programs and pilots in NCA
    DOI: 10.1596/40964
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  • 96
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    Investing in Human Capital in South Africa : A Framework for a Coordinated Multi-Sectoral Approach (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Social Analysis
    Schlagwort(e): Acceleration ; Human Capital ; Life Cycle ; Multisectoral Framework ; Policies ; Social Assessment ; Social Development ; Social Protections and Labor
    Kurzfassung: South Africa's economic growth and development agenda and to present a harmonized approach for investing in priority areas for human capital formation. The policy note first presents an in-depth diagnostic of the status of human capital in the country, applying a life cycle approach. The life cycle approach places a strong emphasis on investing in human capital development holistically, involving all relevant sectors, and as a continuum, following the trajectory of an individual's life. Focus is given to three critical stages of an individual's life, (i) early childhood; (ii) school age; and (iii) youth to adulthood. Based on the findings of the analysis, the policy note identifies the priority challenges and proposes a framework for action. The findings of this policy note aim to serve as a basis for a much-needed dialogue across key relevant government entities, including sector departments such as the Department of Health, the Department of Basic Education, the Department of Higher Education and Training, Department of Social Development, and others, such as National Treasury, Department of Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation, the Office of the Presidency as well as provincial government departments, on how best to invest in human capital, both in the short and medium-to-long term. The note could also be used to inform a range of stakeholders, including civil society, development partners, and the private sector of the human capital development challenges in South Africa and how certain gaps could be addressed through better coordination of interventions. Lastly, the note aims to motivate further research on key areas where there are information and knowledge gaps on human capital in South Africa
    DOI: 10.1596/40941
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  • 97
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    The Effects of Matching Grants on Technology Startups : The Case of Korea's TIPS (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other ESW Reports
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Matching Grants ; Mutual Funds ; Science and Technology Development ; Tech Incubator Program for Startup ; Technology Innovation ; Tips
    Kurzfassung: This report investigates the case of a Korean public-private matching grant program called the Tech Incubator Program for Startup (TIPS). Launched in 2013, the program provides a package of support to selected startups, including matching grant for research and development (R and D) and mentorship, for up to three years. After ten years in operation, TIPS is particularly well suited to answer the question of whether public funding can help startups innovate and subsequently improve their performance. Using a dataset that includes 1,650 startups that applied for TIPS between 2013 and 2020, this research analyzes the effects of TIPS on recipients' performance and offers empirical evidence to inform entrepreneurship policy. The results show that TIPS positively affected startup performance one year after selection in terms of innovation input and output, although it did not have a significant effect on revenue or research collaboration activities. The report concludes with five lessons derived from Korea's policy experience in designing and implementing TIPS: (i) a well-designed coordination mechanism may serve as a viable public-private partnership model for fostering innovative startups, (ii) a co-investment model can crowd in private investment and achieve a multiplier effect by reducing the risk of investment in early-stage startups, (iii) complementary supports that target different stages of the startup lifecycle are needed, (iv) patient capital and continuity in entrepreneurial policy with a long-term view are key to nurturing a vibrant entrepreneurial ecosystem, and (v) constant engagement with beneficiaries through data collection and monitoring enables the development of a dynamic monitoring and evaluation mechanism
    DOI: 10.1596/40932
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 98
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Mocha, May 2023, Myanmar : Global Rapid Post-Disaster Damage Estimation (GRADE) Report (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Risk and Vulnerability Assessment
    Schlagwort(e): Cyclonic Storm ; Environment ; Grade Methodology ; Natural Disasters ; Rakhine State ; Social Protections and Assistance ; Social Protections and Labor
    Kurzfassung: Extremely severe cyclonic storm Mocha made landfall as a Category 4-equivalent cyclone in the Saffir-Simpson hurricane wind scale on Sunday May 14, 2023, at 07:07 UTC (14:07 local time) around Sittwe city, the capital of Rakhine State, Myanmar. Given the fragile and conflict-affected situation with limited access in Myanmar, the World Bank has adopted the Global RApid post-disaster Damage Estimation (GRADE) methodology to estimate damages arising from Cyclone Mocha. GRADE is a remote, desktop analysis to estimate damage to capital stock. This report summarizes the results of the GRADE conducted to assess damages following the impact of Extremely severe cyclonic storm Mocha in Myanmar during May 2023
    DOI: 10.1596/40921
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 99
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    CEMAC Economic Barometer, December 2023, Vol.5 (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Schlagwort(e): CEMAC ; Country Level ; Economic Forecasting ; Economic Outlook ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth
    Kurzfassung: The CEMAC Economic Barometer is a World Bank publication that presents a snapshot of recent developments in and the economic outlook of the CEMAC region, followed by a brief assessment at the country level. The Economic Barometer also includes a focused technical section on a theme of regional relevance. This edition's special topic provides policy options for the CEMAC countries to take better advantage of future commodity price booms
    DOI: 10.1596/40864
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 100
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Somalia Economic Update, Eighth Edition : Integrating Climate Change with Somalia's Development: The Case for Water (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Schlagwort(e): Adaptation to Climate Change ; Climate Change ; Environment ; Food Security ; Fragile Recovery ; Pollitical Challenges ; Water Resources ; Water Security
    Kurzfassung: Somalia has remained on a strong economic reform path despite the various global and exogenous shocks that have continued to buffet the economy. Recurrent climate-related shocks, such as cycles of droughts, floods, locusts' infestation, higher international commodity prices, as well as increased insecurity and conflict, have interrupted the country's growth trajectory. However, this has not deterred the country's commitment to continue advancing reforms to strengthen key economic institutions and promote macroeconomic stability and recovery. As a result, Somalia has continued to make progress toward meeting the conditions for achieving the heavily indebted poor country (HIPC) completion point in December 2023. Within the framework of resilience, the eighth edition of the World Bank's Somalia economic update series provides an in-depth analysis of recent economic developments and growth outlook and makes a case for integrating climate change with Somalia's growth agenda. This report highlights macroeconomic policies and reforms that promote inclusive growth and institutional building including enhancing fiscal space for development priorities while strengthening expenditure controls; strengthening financial integrity; integrating Somalia into the global financial system; and improving debt management
    DOI: 10.1596/40852
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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