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  • 2005-2009  (4,615)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (3,979)
  • Mannheim : SSOAR  (636)
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Material
Language
Years
Year
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
Subjects(RVK)
  • 101
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Globalisation and Emerging Economies : Brazil, Russia, India, Indonesia, China and South Africa (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264044814
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (454 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Globalisation and emerging economies
    DDC: 330.9172/4
    RVK:
    QG 020
    RVK:
    QM 000
    Keywords: Internationale Wirtschaft ; Außenwirtschaftspolitik ; Globalisierung ; Schwellenländer ; Brasilien ; Russland ; Indien ; Indonesien ; China ; Südafrika ; Trade ; Brazil ; China, People’s Republic ; India ; Indonesia ; Russian Federation ; South Africa ; Schwellenländer ; Globalisierung ; Außenwirtschaft ; Schwellenländer ; Globalisierung ; Außenwirtschaftspolitik ; Brasilien ; Russland ; Indien ; Indonesien ; China ; Südafrika ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Außenhandel ; Globalisierung
    Abstract: OECD countries still dominate the world economy, but their share of world trade dropped from 73% in 1992 to 64% in 2005, and some of the world’s most important economies are not members of the OECD. Foremost among these are the so-called BRIICS: Brazil, Russia, India, Indonesia, China and South Africa. This book analyses key elements of the trade performance of the BRIICS in relation to the rest of the world, focusing on trade and other policies influencing that performance. Developments in global trade policy are reviewed, notably the impact of preferential trade agreements on the multilateral system and patterns of world trade are described using both indices that reveal networks of trading relations and more standard modeling results. As well as the global analysis, the book also presents a separate chapter for each of the BRIICS, examining the key development and trade issues in each of the six countries over the past few years.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264044814-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 102
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Le commerce international : Libre, équitable et ouvert ? (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060289 , 9789264107144
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Series Statement: Les essentiels de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. International Trade; Free, Fair and Open?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Internationaler Handel; Frei, fair und offen?
    Keywords: Economics ; Trade
    Abstract: Le commerce international influence directement le prix et la disponibilité de tout ce que nous achetons ou presque. Son rôle est également notable dans beaucoup d’autres domaines, notamment l’emploi, l’environnement et la lutte contre la pauvreté. Les essentiels de l'OCDE : Le commerce international soutient que la prospérité a rarement, voire jamais, été atteinte ou maintenue sans le concours du commerce. Néanmoins, à lui seul, il ne constitue pas une condition suffisante, et des politiques orientées vers l’emploi, l’éducation, la santé et bien d’autres domaines encore sont nécessaires pour favoriser le bien-être et s’attaquer aux défis d’une économie mondialisée.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060289-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 103
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation: Piedmont, Italy 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264039162
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (250 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Piedmont, Italy
    RVK:
    QG 510
    RVK:
    QR 000
    RVK:
    QY 000
    Keywords: Technologiepolitik ; Regionalpolitik ; Piemont ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Italy ; Piemont ; Innovationsförderung ; Regionale Wirtschaftsförderung
    Abstract: Piedmont is one of the top ten manufacturing regions in Europe and enjoys the highest levels of business investment in R&D in Italy. Birthplace of the most famous Italian automotive company - Fiat – and home to many heavy engineering and manufacturing firms, the region has long been a central part of the national industrial core. Yet since the early 1970s, the fragility of Piedmont's production system has slowly became evident. This report reviews how Piedmont’s new regional strategy supports innovation and how its efforts can be improved.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264039162-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 104
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Reviews of National Policies for Education: Tertiary Education in Chile 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264051386
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (304 p.)
    Series Statement: Reviews of National Policies for Education
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La Educación Superior en Chile
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Tertiary education in Chile
    Keywords: Hochschule ; Hochschulpolitik ; Hochschulfinanzierung ; Chile ; Education ; Chile ; Chile ; Hochschule ; Hochschulpolitik ; Hochschulfinanzierung
    Abstract: This joint OECD and World Bank review gives a brief overview of post-secondary education in Chile and describes its development over the past twenty years. It presents an analysis of the system and identifies key directions for policy reform in light of the challenges encountered by officials, communities, enterprises, educators, parents and students. It concludes with a set of key recommendations concerning the structure of the system and its labour market relevance; access and equity, governance and management; research, development and innovation; internationalisation; and financing.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264051386-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 105
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chile Energy Policy Review 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073159
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Energy ; Chile
    Abstract: Drawing on the experience of IEA member countries, this IEA review assesses Chile’s major energy challenges and provides recommendations. Six main themes emerge: the successful liberalisation of the power sector in the 1980s; the essential role played by the state in ensuring energy security; the re-formulation of Chile’s long-term energy policy; the proposed reorganisation of the institutional framework; greater independence for the system operators; and the need for a clear framework of regulation so that long-term investment decisions integrate social and environmental costs.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073159-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 106
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation : Chine 2009 : Définir la frontière entre le marché et l'État (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059443
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (354 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform; China 2009; Defining the Boundary between the Market and the State
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: La Chine a énormément avancé dans la mise en place des fondements juridiques et réglementaires de l’économie de marché. Le secteur privé est désormais le principal moteur de la croissance et de nouvelles lois ont permis de progresser dans l’instauration de la propriété privée, de la concurrence et de mécanismes d’entrée et de sortie comparables à ceux de nombreux pays de l’OCDE. Pourtant, des défis majeurs demeurent, comme la nécessité de définir plus précisément le périmètre du secteur public, de réformer les rapports entre l’État central et les collectivités locales, de garantir un meilleur respect de la primauté du droit et de renforcer les institutions et procédures réglementaires. Cet examen porte sur le contexte économique général de la réforme de la réglementation et sur la capacité des autorités chinoises à gérer réforme réglementaire, élaboration et respect des politiques de la concurrence et ouverture du marché. Ce rapport examine également le cadre réglementaire des secteurs de l’électricité et de l’eau et de la santé. Conformément à la procédure appliquée aux pays de l’OCDE, l’examen s’appuie sur une démarche pluridisciplinaire et particulièrement interactive. L’examen de la Chine a été réalisé au moyen de divers instruments et politiques de l’OCDE, tout en prenant en compte les problématiques propres à l’économie chinoise. L’examen propose une liste exhaustive de recommandations pratiques.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264059443-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 107
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Improving Incentives in Donor Agencies (First Edition) : Good Practice and Self-Assessment Tool (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059788
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p.) , ill.
    Edition: First Edition
    Series Statement: Better Aid
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Améliorer les dispositifs d'incitation dans les organismes donneurs (Première édition) ; Bonnes pratiques et outil d'auto-évaluation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Improving incentives in donor agencies
    RVK:
    QC 347
    RVK:
    QM 353
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungsorganisation ; Leistungsanreiz ; Development ; Ratgeber ; Entwicklungsorganisation ; Selbstevaluation ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Effizienz
    Abstract: Under the Paris Declaration, donors and partner countries commit to “reform procedures and strengthen incentives - including for recruitment, appraisal and training - for management and staff to work towards harmonisation, alignment and results”. This commitment was based on the recognition that the needed changes to behaviour will not happen automatically as there are a number of up-front and long-term costs - institutional, financial and political. The importance of appropriate incentives in influencing managers and officials - and even more importantly political leaders - to bring about the necessary changes has been emphasised in a number of partner countries included in the Evaluation of the Paris Declaration. If incentives are to shift across the board, determined leadership, reinforced by pressure from well-informed stakeholders in partner and donor countries, will be needed. This publication adddresses this need and aims to provide donor agencies with guidance on how to improve aid effectiveness, and to assist them in identifying their strengths, weaknesses and gaps in incentives for promoting aid effectiveness.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264059788-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 108
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Renforcement des organisations régionales de la pêche (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073357
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Strengthening Regional Fisheries Management Organisations
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: L’élaboration et l’entrée en vigueur de l’Accord des Nations Unies sur les stocks chevauchants en 1995 marquait la volonté de la communauté internationale de renforcer les organisations régionales de gestion des pêches, établies pour assurer la gestion des ressources hauturières partagées. Cette étude dresse le bilan des changements introduits dans ces organisations et met en évidence le processus progressif d’amélioration qui a débouché sur de véritables succès. Quoiqu’il n’existe pas de recette unique pour mener à bien ce processus, l’étude souligne qu’il est essentiel de veiller à la présence de certains éléments fondamentaux permettant de créer et de maintenir la dynamique économique et politique indispensable au changement. La modification des incitations économiques sous-jacentes pourrait contribuer au rapprochement des intérêts des pays membres, propice à la formation de coalitions en faveur de la réforme. Cette étude s’appuie sur les informations contenues dans les études de plusieurs ORGP et plus particulièrement de la Commission pour la conservation du thon rouge du sud, de la Commission internationale pour la conservation des thonidés de l'Atlantique, de l’Organisation des pêches de l’Atlantique nord-ouest et de la Commission des pêches de l'Atlantique nord-est.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073357-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 109
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Students with Disabilities, Learning Difficulties and Disadvantages in the Baltic States, South Eastern Europe and Malta : Educational Policies and Indicators (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076860
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (190 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Education ; Baltic States ; Malta
    Abstract: This book provides an internationally comparable set of indicators on the educational provision for students with disabilities, learning difficulties and disadvantages (SENDDD). It covers the number of students concerned, their learning environment (special schools, special classes and regular classes) and level of education (pre-primary, compulsory and upper secondary education). It also discusses policy implications vis-à-vis special education needs and offers an analysis of the participation and performance of students with special education needs in the 2006 round of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076860-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 110
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Agricultural Policies in Emerging Economies 2009 : Monitoring and Evaluation (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059283
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009
    RVK:
    ZB 61000
    DOI: 10.1787/agr_emerging-2009-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 111
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Coherence for Health : Innovation for New Medicines for Infectious Diseases (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060166
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Series Statement: The Development Dimension
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: In developing countries, 6 out of 10 people die from infectious diseases. Nearly 1 billion humans suffer from a neglected infectious disease, according to the World Health Organisation. Yet less than 1% of the new drugs placed on the market from 1975 to the turn of the century were developed for these diseases. This book looks at ways of improving the availability of medicines for infectious diseases through strengthened coherence in health, trade, science and technology, development co-operation and finance.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060166-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 112
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Déficience cognitive, santé mentale et transports : Vers une accessibilité pour tous (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102213
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (28 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cognitive Impairment, Mental Health and Transport; Design with Everyone in Mind
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Pour la partie de plus en plus nombreuse de la population qui est atteinte de déficiences cognitives ou d’un problème de santé mentale, l’utilisation des transports publics peut être vécue comme un défi. La publication analyse ce domaine négligé en proposant des solutions allant de la formation des personnels de services à l'utilisation d'une meilleure signalétique, à des changements dans la présentation des horaires ainsi qu'à une présence accrue de personnel pour aider les voyageurs à prendre confiance.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282102213-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 113
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement : Égypte 2007 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264034648
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (84 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Investment Policy Reviews; Egypt 2007
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Egypt
    Abstract: En juillet 2007, l'Égypte adhéré à la Déclaration de l’OCDE sur l’investissement international et les entreprises multinationales. Le pays a fait l’objet d’un examen complet de ses politiques à l’égard de l’investissement international par des membres de l’OCDE, en fonction des critères du Cadre d’action pour l’investissement. Cette publication présente les résultats de cet examen. L’une des principales conclusions est que les investisseurs internationaux ont réagi rapidement aux initiatives gouvernementales de réforme des politiques, en multipliant par huit les entrées d’IDE en Égypte en trois ans à peine, en diversifiant leurs opérations au-delà du secteur pétrolier pour fournir des investissements particulièrement nécessaires à un large éventail d’activités manufacturières et de services. Toutefois, l’examen révèle aussi que les réformes du climat d’investissement prennent du temps et que de nombreux défis restent à relever. Il s’agit notamment des efforts actuellement déployés pour supprimer les restrictions sectorielles inutiles à l’encontre de l’investissement, maintenir l’impulsion pour l’élargissement du programme de privatisation et encourager l’entrepreneuriat en favorisant la transparence, l’obligation de rendre des comptes et la concurrence.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264034648-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 114
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    How Regions Grow : Trends and Analysis (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264039469
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Régions et croissance ; Une analyse des tendances
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als How regions grow
    RVK:
    QY 000
    Keywords: Regionales Wachstum ; OECD-Staaten ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; OECD ; Regionale Wirtschaftsentwicklung
    Abstract: Regional differences within OECD countries are often greater than those between countries and much inequality remains. This report explores what generates growth at the regional level. Based on in-depth econometric modelling and analyses, this report reframes the debate on regional policy and development, emphasising that opportunities for growth exist in all regions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264039469-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 115
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Reviews of Risk Management Policies: Japan 2009 : Large-Scale Floods and Earthquakes (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264050303
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (275 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Risk Management Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Japan
    Keywords: Katastrophe ; Überschwemmung ; Erdbeben ; Japan ; Environment ; Governance ; Japan ; Japan ; Risikomanagement ; Naturkatastrophe
    Abstract: Damages to economic assets resulting from natural disasters have soared in the past fifteen years, and climate change models forecast intensified exposure to extreme weather in many OECD countries. This OECD review of risk management policies focuses on Japan, because the geography, topography and climate of its national territory subject it to serious natural hazards, especially seismic activity and typhoons. The report looks at Japan’s policies in the areas of monitoring, preparing for and responding to floods and earthquakes, seeking out and identifying good practices and areas where improvements could be made. The case studies consider several issues of particular interest to policy makers, such as how to take climate change into account for long term policy planning related to large scale floods, and Japan’s unique earthquake insurance scheme for damages whose probability and impact are hard to accurately assess.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264050303-en
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  • 116
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation: 15 Mexican States 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060135
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (418 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Estudios de la OCDE de Innovación Regional; 15 estados mexicanos
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als 15 Mexican states
    RVK:
    QG 630
    Keywords: Regionalökonomik ; Regionales Cluster ; Technologiepolitik ; Mexiko ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Mexico ; Mexiko ; Regionale Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Technische Innovation
    Abstract: Despite macro-economic stability in recent years, Mexico still suffers from stagnant productivity growth. Mexico’s long-term competitiveness in a global context will require greater public and private action to spur innovation and economic growth in regions throughout the country. This report reviews how both national and state policies in Mexico can better support regional innovation systems and includes profiles of 15 states.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060135-en
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  • 117
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Promoting Consumer Education : Trends, Policies and Good Practices (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060098
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (190 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Promoting consumer education
    DDC: 381.33
    RVK:
    QR 460
    RVK:
    QW 300
    Keywords: Verbraucherpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Verbrauchererziehung ; Verbraucherschutz ; Internationaler Vergleich ; OECD
    Abstract: Consumers today are challenged by growing amounts of information and wider choices of products, requiring them to develop skills and knowledge for making good choices in complex markets. This publication examines the approaches that governments use to promote consumer education in OECD and some non-OECD countries, highlighting the policies and measures that have been particularly effective. It also analyses recent trends, the role of stakeholders, steps being taken to evaluate the effectiveness of current programmes and the principal challenges.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060098-en
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  • 118
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stability and Buffering Capacity of the Geosphere for Long-term Isolation of Radioactive Waste : Application to Crystalline Rock (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060579
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (302 p.)
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Geological settings selected as potential host formations for the deep geological disposal of radioactive waste are chosen for, among other assets, their long-term stability and buffering capacity against destabilising events and processes. These proceedings present the outcomes of a geosphere stability workshop, held in November 2007, that focused on crystalline and other types of hard, fractured rocks. The workshop underscored the fact that many such rocks are intrinsically stable environments that evolve extremely slowly and provide good buffering against external events and processes. The proceedings show a good understanding of the processes and events that can affect crystalline rocks and, although there is less confidence in predicting exactly when and where such events will occur and the volume of rock that will be affected, the extent of the impacts on a geological repository can be confidently addressed using bounding approaches supported by geological information from similar sites around the world.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060579-en
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  • 119
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Investment Policy Reviews: India 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076969
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (214 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement ; Inde 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als India
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Indien ; Finance and Investment ; India ; Bericht ; Indien ; Auslandsinvestition
    Abstract: This review of India's investment policy finds that India has made tremendous progress in building a policy environment to encourage investment. As a result, the country’s economy is growing more rapidly and FDI inflows have accelerated impressively. However, investment remains insufficient to meet India’s needs, particularly in infrastructure. Current efforts to strengthen and liberalise the regulatory framework for investment need to be intensified. India’s well-developed economic legislation should be implemented at an accelerated pace both at national level and right across India’s States and Union Territories. OECD Investment Policy Reviews: India charts India's progress in developing an effective policy framework to promote investment for development, especially since the acceleration of economic reform from 1991 onward. It focuses on policies towards investment, trade, competition and other elements of the business environment. Finally, it outlines some of the challenges of implementing national-level reforms at state level.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076969-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 120
    Online Resource
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    Perspectives de l'OCDE sur les pensions privées 2008 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056916
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (358 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Private Pensions Outlook 2008
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Au fur et à mesure que les régimes de pensions privées gagnent en importance, il convient de suivre leur développement et d’examiner leur performance dans un contexte international, surtout depuis la crise des marchés financiers de 2008. Cette première édition des Perspectives de l’OCDE sur les pensions privées présente des données essentielles sur les actifs, les investissements, les membres et la structure de ce secteur, à partir des dernières statistiques officielles. Ce volume offre aussi un cadre d’évaluation des tendances prédominantes des pensions, en comparant les régimes privés et publics. Enfin, ces Perspectives présente des profils par pays détaillés et décrit les accords de pensions privées qui existent entre les pays de l’OCDE. Cette édition contient un dossier spécial sur les conséquences de la crise financière pour les pensions privées. Un lien dynamique (StatLink) dirige le lecteur, pour chaque tableau, vers une page web où les données correspondantes sont disponibles en format Excel®.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264056916-fr
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    Rethinking e-Government Services : User-Centred Approaches (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059412
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD e-Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rethinking e-government services
    RVK:
    MF 7080
    Keywords: E-Government ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; OECD ; E-Government
    Abstract: Expecting substantial savings and improved public services – a trend further accentuated by the financial and economic crisis beginning in 2008 – OECD countries have invested in the development of e-government services over the past 10-15 years. However, despite the initial exceptional take-up, governments later saw low adoption and low use of e-government services which are still far from satisfactory today. This report gives a broad description of the shift in governments' focus on e-government development – from a government-centric to a user-centric approach. It gives a comprehensive overview of challenges to user take-up of e-government services in OECD countries and of the different types of approaches to improving it. The monitoring and evaluation of user take-up are also discussed, including the existence of formal measurement frameworks. Good practices are presented to illustrate the different concrete approaches used by OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264059412-en
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  • 122
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    OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264075344
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009
    DOI: 10.1787/tpg-2009-en
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  • 123
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    Reducing Fishing Capacity : Best Practices for Decommissioning Schemes (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264044418
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (118 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Réduction de la capacité de pêche ; Bonnes pratiques en matière de plans de sortie de flotte
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Cox, Anthony Reducing fishing capacity
    RVK:
    QT 500
    Keywords: Fischereipolitik ; Produktionskapazität ; Fischschutz ; Fish populations ; Fisheries Economic aspects ; Fishery management ; Fishery policy ; Fishes Conservation ; Agriculture and Food ; Graue Literatur ; OECD ; Fischereipolitik ; Fischerei ; Fischbestand ; Kapazitätsmanagement
    Abstract: Too many fishing vessels chasing too few fish is a persistent problem in many countries. To address this, governments often turn to vessel decommissioning schemes as a means of adjusting fishing capacity to match available fish resources. This report presents a set of best practice guidelines on the design and implementation of decommissioning schemes. By drawing on case studies of decommissioning schemes from OECD and non-OECD countries, it provides policy makers and fisheries managers with detailed analysis of the economic issues surrounding decommissioning schemes.
    Note: Literaturverz. S. 111 - 116 , Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Réduction de la capacité de pêche
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264044418-en
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  • 124
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    Les enjeux régionaux des migrations ouest-africaines : Perspectives africaines et européennes (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056039
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Cahiers de l'Afrique de l'Ouest
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Regional Challenges of West African Migration; African and European Perspectives
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Regional Challenges of West African Migration: African and European Perspectives
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Africa, West Emigration and immigration ; Westafrika ; Flüchtling
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage présente des réflexions d’experts internationaux sur les dynamiques migratoires ouest-africaines. Celles-ci apportent un regard nouveau, une approche autre qu’institutionnelle, aux débats actuels essentiellement centrés sur la dimension sécuritaire. Tout en prônant un dialogue plus régulier basé sur une analyse raisonnée des réalités, elles mettent en avant le concept gagnant-gagnant d'une mobilité pour chacune des parties (Europe, Afrique du Nord et Afrique de l'Ouest), quel que soit leur statut, d'accueil, de transit ou de départ.
    Note: Literaturangaben , Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Regional challenges of West African migration : African and European perspectives
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264056039-fr
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  • 125
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    OECD Principles for Integrity in Public Procurement (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056527
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principes de l'OCDE pour renforcer l'intégrité dans les marchés publics
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. OECD OECD principles for integrity in public procurement
    DDC: 352.5/3
    RVK:
    QL 300
    Keywords: Government purchasing ; Governance ; OECD ; Integrität ; Öffentliche Beschaffung
    Abstract: The OECD Principles for Integrity in Public Procurement are a ground-breaking instrument that promotes good governance in the entire procurement cycle, from needs assessment to contract management. Based on acknowledged good practices in OECD and non-member countries, they represent a significant step forward. They provide guidance for the implementation of international legal instruments developed within the framework of the OECD, as well as other organisations such as the United Nations, the World Trade Organisation and the European Union. In addition to the Principles, this exhaustive publication includes a Checklist for implementing the framework throughout the entire public procurement cycle. It also gives a comprehensive map of risks that can help auditors prevent as well as detect fraud and corruption. Finally, it features a useful case study on Morocco, where a pilot application of the Principles was carried out. “The Checklist will help governments and agencies to develop more transparent, efficient procurement systems” -Nicolas Raigorodsky, Under-secretary of Transparency Policies, Anticorruption Office, Argentina “Public procurement is one of the most important public governance issues. Action is needed to ensure integrity by reducing bribery and corruption” -Business and Industry Advisory Committee to the OECD “The general thrust and content of the document is commendable. Much of it tracks very closely to the United Nations Convention Against Corruption and the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law Model Law” -Stuart Gilman, Head of the UN Global Programme Against Corruption and the Anticorruption Unit, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Principles de l'OECD pour renforcer l'intégrité dans les marchés publics
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264056527-en
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  • 126
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    Système de notification des pays créanciers sur les activités d'aide 2008 : Activités daide dans le secteur de lapprovisionnement en eau et de lassainissement (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Edition: 2008
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Wasserversorgung ; Abwasserreinigung
    URL: Volltext
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  • 127
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    Les pensions dans les pays de l'OCDE 2009 : Panorama des systèmes de retraite (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264063464
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009
    DOI: 10.1787/pension_glance-2009-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 128
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    Perspectives de l'emploi de l'OCDE 2009 : Faire face à la crise de l'emploi (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264067967
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009
    DOI: 10.1787/empl_outlook-2009-fr
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  • 129
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    Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement : Fédération de Russie 2008 : Renforcer le cadre politique pour l'investissement (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Edition: 2008
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Russian Federation 2008: Strengthening the Policy Framework for Investment
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264046016-fr
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  • 130
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    Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation : Chine 2009 : Définir la frontière entre le marché et lÉtat (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Edition: 2009
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform: China 2009: Defining the Boundary between the Market and the State
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264059443-fr
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  • 131
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    OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies: Slovenia 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Edition: 2009
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Henrard, Valentine Slovenia
    DDC: 331.12094973
    RVK:
    QG 490
    RVK:
    QV 200
    RVK:
    QX 400
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarkt ; Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Flexicurity ; Sozialpolitik ; Slowenien ; Slowenien ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Beschäftigungsentwicklung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Rentenversicherung ; Sozialpolitik
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264068995-en
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  • 132
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    Agricultural Policies in Emerging Economies 2009 : Monitoring and Evaluation (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Edition: 2009
    RVK:
    ZB 61000
    Keywords: Agriculture and state ; Produce trade Government policy ; Schwellenländer ; Landwirtschaftsentwicklung ; Agrarpolitik
    URL: Volltext
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  • 133
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    Perspectives des technologies de l'information de l'OCDE 2008 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264055568
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2008
    DOI: 10.1787/it_outlook-2008-fr
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  • 134
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    Questions stratégiques et politiques liées à la transition des systèmes nucléaires thermiques aux systèmes rapides (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060678
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (90 p.)
    Series Statement: Développement de l'énergie nucléaire
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Strategic and Policy Issues Raised by the Transition from Thermal to Fast Nuclear Systems
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Kernenergie
    Abstract: Le renouveau d'intérêt pour l'énergie nucléaire résultant des préoccupations causées par le changement climatique global et la sécurité d'approvisionnement, qui est susceptible d'entraîner une croissance notable de la production d'électricité nucléaire, rend plus attractifs les réacteurs à neutrons rapides fonctionnant en cycle fermé. La transition entre le parc actuel de réacteurs à neutrons thermiques et des systèmes à neutrons rapides demandera plusieurs décennies et d'importants efforts de RD-D. Cet ouvrage identifie et analyse les questions stratégiques et politiques clés posées par une telle transition et vise à assister les décideurs dans le choix des meilleures approches pour mettre en œuvre des scénarios de transition.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Strategic and policy issues raised by the transition from thermal to fast nuclear systems
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060678-fr
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  • 135
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    Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : Finlande 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Edition: 2009
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Finland 2009
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060890-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 136
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    National Accounts of OECD Countries 2008, Volume IIIa, Financial Accounts: Flows (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English , French
    Edition: 2008
    Keywords: Finanzwirtschaft
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  • 137
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    Perspectives agricoles de l'OCDE et de la FAO 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264044883
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009
    DOI: 10.1787/agr_outlook-2009-fr
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  • 138
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    Pôles de compétitivité, innovation et entrepreneuriat (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264064102
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (205 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Développement économique et création d'emplois locaux (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Clusters, Innovation and Entrepreneurship
    Keywords: Employment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Cluster ; Netzwerk ; Innovation ; Entrepreneurship ; Wissenschaftstransfer
    Abstract: Cette publication examine les succès d’importants pôles d’entreprises et d’innovation des pays de l’OCDE, les défis auxquels ceux-ci doivent actuellement faire face pour maintenir leurs positions, ainsi que les enseignements dont pourraient bénéficier d’autres candidats à la création de pôles performants. De quels facteurs clés dépend le succès d’un pôle ? Quels sont les problèmes qui se profilent à l’horizon ? Quel rôle doit exactement jouer le secteur public pour soutenir le développement des pôles et vaincre les différents obstacles ? Ces questions, et bien d’autres encore, sont abordées par l’ouvrage qui se livre à l’analyse détaillée de sept pôles de renommée internationale : Grenoble, en France ; Vienne, en Autriche ; Waterloo, au Canada ; Dunedin, en Nouvelle-Zélande ; Medicon Valley, en Scandinavie ; Oxfordshire, au Royaume-Uni ; et Madison, aux États-Unis. Pour chacun de ces pôles, le livre examine les facteurs qui ont contribué à son développement, l’impact du pôle sur les performances de l’entrepreneuriat local, et les défis posés par une expansion supplémentaire. Le livre propose également une série de recommandations politiques s’attachant, dans un contexte élargi, à la question du développement des pôles. Cet ouvrage constitue une lecture essentielle pour tous les décideurs publics, praticiens et universitaires désireux de connaître les bonnes pratiques en matière de développement des pôles et souhaitant obtenir des conseils pour accroître l’impact économique des pôles.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Clusters, innovation and entrepreneurship
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264064102-fr
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  • 139
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    Rapport annuel sur les Principes directeurs de lOCDE à lintention des entreprises multinationales 2008 : Emploi et relations industrielles (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056428
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2008
    DOI: 10.1787/mne-2008-fr
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  • 140
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    Essai n 413 : Toxicité subchronique par inhalation : 90 jours (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070813
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (17 p.)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 413; Subchronic Inhalation Toxicity; 90-day Study
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 413: Subchronic Inhalation Toxicity: 90-day Study
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne directrice révisée a été conçue afin de caractériser pleinement la toxicité par inhalation du produit chimique testé suite à une exposition subchronique (90 jours), et de fournir des données fiables pour l’évaluation quantitative des risques liés à l’inhalation. Elle a été mise à jour en 2017 afin de permettre de tester et caractériser les effets des nanomatériaux. Des groupes de rongeurs (10 mâles et 10 femelles) sont exposés 6 heures par jour pendant une période de 90 jours a) à la substance d’essai à trois niveaux de concentration ou plus, b) à de l’air filtré (témoin négatif), et/ou c) au véhicule (groupe témoin du véhicule). Les animaux sont exposés en général 5 jours par semaine, mais il est aussi permis de les exposer 7 jours par semaine. Des mâles et des femelles sont toujours utilisés, mais peuvent être exposés à des niveaux de concentration différents si l’un des sexes est connu pour être plus sensible à une substance d’essai donnée. Les résultats de l’étude incluent des mesures et des observations quotidiennes détaillées (hématologie et chimie clinique) ainsi qu’une autopsie générale, de l’ophtalmologie, le poids des organes et de l’histopathologie. Afin de mieux caractériser la toxicité de la substance d’essai, la Ligne directrice laisse la possibilité d’inclure des groupes satellites (étude de réversibilité), des sacrifices en cours d’essai, des lavages broncho-alvéolaires, la mesure de la charge pulmonaire pour les particules, des tests neurologiques et des évaluations histopathologiques ou de pathologie clinique supplémentaires.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070813-fr
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    La OCDE en cifras 2008 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264062009
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (94 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD in Figures 2008
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'OCDE en chiffres 2008
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Die OECD in Zahlen 2008
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264062009-es
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  • 142
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    Clean Coal Technologies - Accelerating Commercial and Policy Drivers for Deployment (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264077164
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: Clean coal technologies (CCTs) have been developed and deployed to reduce the environmental impact of coal utilisation over the past 30 to 40 years. Initially, the focus was upon reducing emissions of particulates, SO2, NOX and mercury. The coal sector – producers, consumers and equipment suppliers – as well as governments and agencies in countries where coal is essential, have a long experience of stimulating clean coal technology deployment.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264077164-en
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  • 143
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    Essai n 302C : Biodégradabilité dite intrinsèque: Essai MITI modifié (II) (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070417
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (22 p.)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 3
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 302C; Inherent Biodegradability; Modified MITI Test (II)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 302C: Inherent Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (II)
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne directrice décrit l'essai MITI modifié (II). Cet essai permet la mesure de la demande biochimique en oxygène (DBO) et l'analyse des produits résiduels afin d'évaluer la biodégradabilité intrinsèque des produits chimiques qui, d'après la méthode standard MITI (I) sont faiblement dégradable. Un appareil de mesure automatisé de la consommation d'oxygène en circuit fermé (DBO-mètre) est utilisé. On inocule des micro-organismes dans des récipients contenant les produits chimiques à tester (six bouteilles avec des quantités différentes de produit chimique d'essai). Afin de vérifier l'activité de l'inoculum, l'utilisation des substances de contrôle (aniline, acétate de sodium ou benzoate de sodium) est souhaitable. Au cours de l'essai, la DBO est mesurée sans interruption. La biodégradabilité est calculée sur la base de la DBO et des analyses chimiques complémentaires, telles que la mesure de la concentration du carbone organique dissous, la concentration des produits résiduels, etc. La courbe de DBO est obtenue en continue et automatiquement pendant une période de 14 à 28 jours. Après cette même période, le pH, les produits chimiques résiduels et les produits intermédiaires des récipients d'essai sont analysés.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070417-fr
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    OECD Bribery Awareness Handbook for Tax Examiners 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264081857
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (42 p.)
    Keywords: Taxation
    Abstract: The aim of the present Bribery Awareness Handbook for Tax Examiners is to assist countries in making their tax examiners aware of the various bribery techniques used as well as giving them the tools to detect and identify bribes of foreign public officials and bribes to public officials in the domestic context. Countries may wish to use this Handbook and provide it to their tax officials in the context of their training programmes. Countries may also wish to use it to design their own Handbook that could enable them to incorporate their specific circumstances. For that purpose the Handbook identifies where countryspecific information can be added. The Handbook may also be used as a checklist during tax examinations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264081857-en
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  • 145
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    Medición del capital - Manual OCDE 2009 : Segunda edición (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264043695
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (210 p.)
    Edition: Segunda edición
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Measuring Capital - OECD Manual 2009; Second edition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mesure du capital - Manuel de l'OCDE 2009 ; Deuxième édition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Measuring Capital - OECD Manual 2009: Second edition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mesure du capital - Manuel de l'OCDE 2009 : Deuxième édition
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: El capital –en particular el de tipo físico– juega varios roles en la vida económica: este constituye riqueza y provee de servicios en el proceso de producción. El capital es invertido, desinvertido y se deprecia llegando a ser obsoleto, y existe una cuestión de cómo medir todas estas dimensiones del capital en la industria y en las cuentas nacionales. El Manual del Capital revisado es la primera guía comprehensiva para los enfoques hacia la medición del capital. Este está dirigido a estadísticos, investigadores y analistas, y trata de dar asesoría práctica, mientras que provee una estructura teórica y un resumen de la literatura relevante. El Manual se presenta en tres partes –una primera parte–, con una descripción no técnica de los principales conceptos y de los pasos necesarios para la medición del capital; una segunda parte, dirigida a la implementación y una tercera parte, describiendo la teoría con una formulación matemática más completa del proceso de medición.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264043695-es
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  • 146
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    Essai No. 441: Bio-essai de Hershberger sur le rat : Essai de dépistage à court terme de propriétés (anti)androgéniques (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076358
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (23 p)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 441; Hershberger Bioassay in Rats; A Short-term Screening Assay for (Anti)Androgenic Properties
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 441: Hershberger Bioassay in Rats: A Short-term Screening Assay for (Anti)Androgenic Properties
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Le bio-essai de Hershberger est un essai de dépistage in vivo à court terme. Il permet d’évaluer la capacité d’un produit chimique à induire des activités biologiques analogues à celles induites par des agonistes et des antagonistes d’androgène ou des inhibiteurs de 5α-réductase. L’essai actuel est fondé sur les variations de poids de cinq tissus dépendant des androgènes chez le rat mâle péri-pubertaire castré: la prostate ventrale, la vésicule séminale (plus les fluides et les glandes coagulantes), le muscle élévateur de l’anus et bulbo-caverneux, la paire de glandes de Cowper et le gland. Pour tester les androgènes ou les anti-androgènes, deux - respectivement trois - groupes de doses de la substance d’essai, plus un témoin positif et un témoin de véhicule (négatif) sont normalement suffisants. La substance d’essai est administrée par gavage ou injection sous-cutanée, chaque jour, pendant 10 jours consécutifs. Pour tester les anti-androgènes, la substance d’essai est administrée avec un agoniste d’androgène de référence. Chaque groupe traité ou témoin comprend au moins six animaux. Les animaux sont autopsiés environ 24 heures après la dernière administration de la substance d’essai. Les tissus sont excisés et les poids frais sont déterminés. Une augmentation (pour les androgènes) ou une diminution (pour les anti-androgènes) du poids de deux des cinq tissues, statistiquement significative, indique une réponse positive dans cet essai.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076358-fr
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  • 147
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    Enquête 2008 de suivi de la mise en œuvre de la Déclaration de Paris : Rendre l'aide plus efficace d'ici 2010 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264050853
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Series Statement: Pour une meilleure aide au développement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. 2008 Survey on Monitoring the Paris Declaration; Making Aid More Effective by 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. 2008 Survey on Monitoring the Paris Declaration: Making Aid More Effective by 2010
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Ce rapport d’enquête apporte des éléments de réponse à la dernière enquête de suivi de la mise en œuvre de la Déclaration de Paris et évalue les progrès accomplis dans 55 pays partenaires. Il permet de comprendre en quoi il est difficile d’accroître l’efficacité de l’aide au développement. À moins d’intensifier considérablement leurs efforts, les pays partenaires et les bailleurs de fonds ne réussiront pas à tenir les engagements internationaux et objectifs-cibles auxquels ils ont souscrit en vue de rendre l’aide efficace d’ici 2010. Il faut agir maintenant. Ce rapport formule trois recommandations d’action à haut niveau qui contribueront à accélérer le processus et à faire de la relation d’aide un véritable partenariat.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264050853-fr
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  • 148
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    Le point sur les coûts des échanges : Le transport maritime et son effet sur les échanges (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 34 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Clarifying Trade Costs: Maritime Transport and its Effect on Agricultural Trade
    Keywords: Trade
    Abstract: Les coûts du transport maritime ont un effet significatif sur les échanges de biens agricoles. Ces coûts représentent une proportion élevée de la valeur des produits agricoles importés, 10% en moyenne, ce qui est un niveau similaire à celui des barrières douanières agricoles. Cette étude montre que le doublement du coût d’expédition est associé à une diminution de 42% en moyenne des échanges pour l’ensemble des biens agricoles. La tentation de se procurer les biens importés dans les pays à faibles coûts de transport est donc forte. Les échanges de certains produits sont particulièrement affectés par les évolutions des coûts de transport maritime, en particulier les céréales et les oléagineux qui sont expédiés en vrac. Le temps de transit a également un effet marqué sur le commerce : un jour supplémentaire passé en mer par rapport à un voyage d’une durée moyenne de 20 jours implique une diminution des échanges de 4,5% entre deux pays partenaires. Les coûts de transport et l’efficience pour amener les produits agricoles vers le marché de destination sont ainsi des facteurs explicatifs importants des flux commerciaux.
    DOI: 10.1787/218843212846
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  • 149
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    Comment réformer le système fiscal belge afin de renforcer l'expansion économique (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 42 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.741
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. How to Reform the Belgian Tax System to Enhance Economic Growth
    Keywords: Economics ; Belgium
    Abstract: Les éléments constitutifs du système fiscal belge influe sur le processus de croissance par des canaux différents et à des degrés divers. Les impôts sur la consommation sont parmi ceux qui faussent le moins la croissance et il est tout à fait possible, en Belgique, d’exploiter davantage cette source de recettes fiscales. La taxation différenciée des instruments d’épargne fausse les décisions d’investissement, entravant le redéploiement des capitaux vers leur emploi le plus productif. Cependant, les impôts qui occasionnent le plus de distorsions sont ceux qui frappent le revenu du travail, en raison de leur impact sur les décisions des travailleurs en matière d'emploi. Conscientes de cela, les autorités belges ont cherché à alléger la fiscalité du travail. Cette dernière demeure cependant lourde en comparaison des autres pays, en raison de nombreuses exonérations, qui réduisent les bases d’imposition et nécessitent donc, pour compenser, des taux d’impôt plus élevés. Afin d’améliorer les perspectives des différents groupes sur le marché du travail, on a eu recours largement à des subventions salariales et des réductions de cotisations de sécurité sociale, créant ainsi un système complexe, souvent mal ciblé et visant parfois des objectifs contradictoires. En fin de compte, l’interaction entre l’impôt sur le revenu des personnes physiques, les cotisations de sécurité sociale et le généreux système de prestations a créé une multitude de pièges du marché du travail qui brident l’emploi. Les nouvelles réformes fiscales sont limitées par les problèmes importants et grandissants de viabilité des finances publiques, ce qui signifie que, à moins de procéder à de fortes compressions de dépenses, ces réformes devront s’autofinancer. Pour ce faire, il faut déplacer la charge fiscale vers les sources qui créent le moins de distorsions et élargir les bases d’imposition afin de pouvoir appliquer des taux plus bas. Ce document de travail se rapporte à l’Étude économique de l’OCDE de la Belgique, 2009 (www.oecd.org/eco/etudes/belgique).
    DOI: 10.1787/218613767672
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  • 150
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    PISA Data Analysis Manual: SAS, Second Edition (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056251
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (467 p.)
    Edition: Second Edition
    Series Statement: PISA
    Keywords: Education ; Economics
    Abstract: The OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) surveys collected data on students’ performance in reading, mathematics and science, as well as contextual information on students’ background, home characteristics and school factors which could influence performance. This publication includes detailed information on how to analyse the PISA data, enabling researchers to both reproduce the initial results and to undertake further analyses. In addition to the inclusion of the necessary techniques, the manual also includes a detailed account of the PISA 2006 database. It also includes worked examples providing full syntax in SAS®.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264056251-en
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  • 151
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    Terrorism and International Transport : Towards Risk-based Security Policy (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102329
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Round Tables no.144
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Terrorisme et transport international ; Pour une politique de sécurité fondée sur le risque
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Terrorisme et transport international : Pour une politique de sécurité fondée sur le risque
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Security is critical to transport systems as they are often appealing targets for terrorist attacks. The significant costs of potential damage make effective security policies a key concern for transport decision makers. This Round Table examines the contribution economic analysis can make to improving security in aviation and maritime shipping by identifying methods for quantifying the benefits of security measures and assessing their effectiveness, and examining techniques to allocate resources targeting the highest risks.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282102329-en
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  • 152
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    Corée : Mise à jour du Rapport sur la loi et les institutions en matière de concurrence (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 123-159
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3452
    Language: French
    Pages: 38 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Monitoring Review of Korea
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 123-159
    Keywords: Governance ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: Ce rapport passe en revue ce qui a été accompli au titre de la Feuille de route de trois ans concernant la réforme du marché en Corée. Cette évaluation est menée à la lumière de divers facteurs : les recommandations de l'OCDE demandant à la KFTC de redéfinir ses priorités et de réorienter ses ressources pour cibler les problèmes fondamentaux de concurrence liés à des objectifs d'efficience, alors qu'elle se concentrait traditionnellement sur la structure financière et la gouvernance des conglomérats; la nécessité de renforcer les pouvoirs d'investigation et d'adopter des dispositions plus claires contre les ententes injustifiables; la mise en oeuvre des recommandations visant à supprimer les exemptions qui protègent les petites entreprises de la concurrence et les exclusions des services professionnels, et d'assurer une coordination avec les autorités sectorielles de réglementation sur les problèmes de concurrence ; enfin, les changements institutionnels récents destinés à intégrer la KFTC au système d'application du droit des consommateurs. Le Comité de la concurrence s'est appuyé sur ce rapport pour effectuer un examen de suivi lors de sa réunion d'octobre 2006.
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v9-art12-fr
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  • 153
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    The context of higher education reform in the United States (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 21, no. 2, p. 1-18
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 18 p
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 21, no. 2, p. 1-18
    Keywords: Education ; United States
    Abstract: Higher education in the United States has received much scrutiny in the recent past from the federal and state governments, the press and the general public. In response to this scrutiny, a number of blue ribbon panels have been formed to examine how effectively higher education is serving American society. In this article, I analyse the proceedings and impact of the most recent prominent panel, the Secretary of Education’s Commission on the Future of Higher Education, commonly known as the Spellings Commission. I also briefly examine how the new administration of President Barack Obama is likely to affect colleges and universities in light of the global economic crisis. Le contexte de la réforme de l’enseignement supérieur aux États-Unis Ces dernières années, le gouvernement fédéral, les États, la presse et l’opinion publique ont placé l’enseignement supérieur aux États-Unis au centre d’une attention toute particulière. En conséquence de cela, de nombreux groupes d’experts se sont formés pour étudier dans quelle mesure le système d’enseignement supérieur sert efficacement la société américaine. Cet article examinera les procédures et l’impact de la commission du ministre de l’Éducation sur le futur de l’enseignement supérieur, plus généralement dénommée la commission Spellings, qui constitue le plus important groupe d’experts récemment constitué. Nous étudierons ensuite brièvement dans quelle mesure la nouvelle administration du Président Barack Obama est susceptible d’affecter les universités dans un contexte marqué par la crise économique mondiale.
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-21-5ksj0tzhshms
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  • 154
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    Measuring China's Innovation System : National Specificities and International Comparisons (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 100 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers no.2009/01
    DOI: 10.1787/227277262447
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  • 155
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    Terrorisme et transport international : Pour une politique de sécurité fondée sur le risque (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102343
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Series Statement: Tables rondes FIT no.144
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Terrorism and International Transport; Towards Risk-based Security Policy
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Terrorism and International Transport: Towards Risk-based Security Policy
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: La sûreté est un élément fondamental des systèmes de transport : ces derniers sont souvent pris pour cible dans les attaques terroristes. Les coûts significatifs des dommages potentiels font des politiques de sûreté une préoccupation majeure pour les autorités responsables des transports. Cette Table Ronde examine le rôle que peut jouer l’analyse économique pour renforcer la sécurité des transports aérien et maritime en quantifiant les avantages associés et en appréciant leur efficacité et la valeur des techniques qui visent à orienter les ressources vers l’atténuation des risques les plus importants.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282102343-fr
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  • 156
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    Pensions in Africa (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 34 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on Insurance and Private Pensions no.30
    DOI: 10.1787/227444006716
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  • 157
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    Education and Obesity in Four OECD Countries (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 47 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.46
    DOI: 10.1787/223688303816
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  • 158
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    Perspectives ouest-africaines : Les ressources pour le développement (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059740
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (114 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Cahiers de l'Afrique de l'Ouest
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. West African Perspectives; Resources for Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. West African Perspectives: Resources for Development
    Keywords: Development ; Africa, West Economic conditions ; Westafrika ; Entwicklungsökonomie
    Abstract: Ces Perspectives offrent une analyse accessible et synthétique des réalités de l’Afrique de l’Ouest. Elles s’adressent à un large public et illustrent leur propos par de nombreuses cartes. Elles se distinguent également par leur triple approche. Tout d’abord, l’ouvrage dégage à travers une analyse transversale les principaux enjeux et défis auxquels la région est confrontée et formule des propositions pour les relever. Il adopte ensuite une approche régionale et dresse un panorama des ressources ouest-africaines. L’analyse sort du strict champ économique pour explorer d’autres domaines, en particulier les ressources naturelles et le capital social, culturel et humain. Elle montre que les ressources de l’Afrique de l’Ouest sont nombreuses, variées et souvent partagées entre plusieurs de ses 18 pays. Enfin, ce livre apporte une contribution originale à la réflexion : il donne la parole à six témoins ouest-africains engagés dans le développement de leur région. Divers par leur origine et leur histoire personnelle, ces derniers ébauchent de réelles visions pour l’avenir des sociétés.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: West African perspectives : resources for development
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264059740-fr
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  • 159
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    Zéro tué sur la route : Un système sûr, des objectifs ambitieux (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282101988
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Towards Zero; Ambitious Road Safety Targets and the Safe System Approach
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Towards Zero; Ambitious Road Safety Targets and the Safe System Approach (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Towards Zero: Ambitious Road Safety Targets and the Safe System Approach
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Towards Zero: Ambitious Road Safety Targets and the Safe System Approach (Russian version)
    Keywords: Transport ; Verkehrssicherheit ; Politik
    Abstract: Chaque année, environ 1.2 million de personnes dans le monde sont tuées sur les routes et 50 millions sont blessées. Mais les accidents ne sont pas une fatalité. Beaucoup peut être fait pour réduire les immenses souffrances qu’ils entraînent ainsi que leurs conséquences économiques. Ce rapport fait le point sur les évolutions et les initiatives récentes pour atteindre des objectifs de sécurité routière de plus en plus ambitieux. Il constitue un examen majeur au niveau international de l’approche pour un « système sûr », qui a déjà été adoptée par quelques pays.
    Note: Literaturangaben , Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Towards zero : ambitious road safety targets and the safe system approach
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282101988-fr
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  • 160
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    Sustainability of Civil Service Reforms in Central and Eastern Europe Five Years After EU Accession (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 92 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Sigma Papers no.44
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Before joining the EU in May 2004, Central and Eastern European countries were required to professionalise their civil services. Most were perceived as having made improvements sufficient to be granted EU membership status. But what happened next? Five years after accession, this paper answers the question.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kml60pvjmbq-en
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  • 161
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    School Buildings in Today's Crisis (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 9 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: CELE Exchange, Centre for Effective Learning Environments no.2009/05
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les bâtiments scolaires au cœur de la crise actuelle
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: To get a picture of the impact of the current economic and financial crisis on educational building programmes so far, the OECD Centre for Effective Learning Environments (CELE) has been conducting a survey of member countries and regions. The survey focuses on three main issues: the impact of the crisis on publicly funded projects, the impact on projects funded by private finance initiatives or through a public-private partnership, and the extent to which the crisis has affected the construction industry’s ability to build schools.
    DOI: 10.1787/223658816566
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  • 162
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    What Works in Migrant Education? : A Review of Evidence and Policy Options (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 50 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.22
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Education plays an essential role in preparing the children of immigrants for participation in the labour market and society. Giving these children opportunities to fully develop their potential is vital for future economic growth and social cohesion in OECD countries. But migrant students in most OECD countries tend to have lower education outcomes than their native peers. Extensive previous research has described the system level, school level and individual level factors that influence the education outcomes of migrant students. Building on such previous research, this paper looks at the ways in which education policies can influence these factors to help provide better educational opportunities for migrant students.
    DOI: 10.1787/227131784531
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  • 163
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    Adjusting Housing Policies in Slovakia in Light of Euro Adoption (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 29 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.682
    Keywords: Economics ; Slovak Republic
    Abstract: House prices have risen strongly in past years, helped by rising incomes and declining interest rates. At the same time, construction of new dwellings has remained fairly muted and has only recently shown signs of picking up. A characteristic feature of the Slovak housing market, and a consequence of the privatization programme initiated in the early 1990s, is the virtual absence of a private rental market. As euro membership will most likely go along with easier financial conditions and also entails limited availability of national policy tools, current housing policies will have to be adjusted. The challenges are to avoid overheating of the housing market in the medium term, in part by making supply more reactive to demand, and to phase out the hurdles that are currently impeding the private rental market, which would facilitate labour mobility. This Working Paper relates to the 2009 OECD Economic Survey of the Slovak Republic.
    DOI: 10.1787/226173687724
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  • 164
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    Ghana: Agriculture is Becoming a Business (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: general papers Vol. 2009, no. 2, p. 9-32
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-283X
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: general papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 2, p. 9-32
    Keywords: Economics ; Ghana
    Abstract: Ghana’s agricultural sector has two faces. On the one hand, Ghana continues to face food security problems due to stagnating productivity in the food crop sector and undeveloped internal food markets. On the other hand, horticultural exports have been increasing and recent investments in cocoa and pineapple processing can been seen as signs of an emerging modern agricultural sector. The horticultural sector currently receives a lot of attention from donors and the Ghanaian government. The examination of several large donor projects in this sector reveals that donors are increasingly taking a value chain approach and trying to link smallholder farmers to exporters via outgrower schemes. Donors are also making an effort to connect their projects with other ongoing interventions. However, donor approaches vary according to donor preferences, and multi-donor programmes would probably be a better solution. While the current focus of donors and the Ghanaian government in the horticultural sector is welcome, it bears the risk of leaving the north of Ghana, where food crop production and poverty are concentrated, further behind. Food crops should receive more attention not only to resolve Ghana’s food security problem but also to take advantage of growing demand from Ghana’s middle-income class, which provides the opportunity for developing a local food industry.
    DOI: 10.1787/gen_papers-2009-5ks9zs5gt1d2
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  • 165
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    Promoting Biodiversity Co-Benefits in REDD (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 28 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Environment Working Papers no.11
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Promouvoir les avantages connexes liés à la biodiversité dans le cadre de la REDD
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This report examines how biodiversity co-benefits in REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) can be enhanced, both at the design and implementation level. It discusses potential biodiversity implications of different REDD design options that have been put forward in the international climate change negotiations and proceeds by examining how the creation of additional biodiversity-specific incentives could be used to complement a REDD mechanism, so as to target biodiversity benefits directly.
    DOI: 10.1787/220188577008
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  • 166
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    The information content of KOF indicators on Swiss current account data revisions (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 161-181
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2899
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 161-181
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper analyses revisions of Swiss current account data, taking into account the actual data revision process and the implied types of revisions. In addition we investigate whether the first release of current account data can be improved upon by the use of survey results as gathered by the KOF Swiss Economic Institute, ETH Zurich. An answer in the affirmative indicates that it is possible to improve first releases and thereby enhance the current assessment of the Swiss economy.
    DOI: 10.1787/jbcma-v2008-art9-en
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  • 167
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    The impact of reforms on the quality and responsiveness of universities in the United Kingdom (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 21, no. 2, p. 1-16
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 16 p
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 21, no. 2, p. 1-16
    Keywords: Education ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: The paper starts with a description of higher education in the United Kingdom and of reforms over the last 50 years. By reference to specified output measures, the performance of UK universities is judged to be good. The factors affecting this performance are postulated by comparing policies and approaches in the United Kingdom with those elsewhere (in particular in continental Europe). Three factors – the level of autonomy, the amount of competition, and the level of funding, combined with the universities’ direct control over funding – are identified as important factors. The level of autonomy for UK universities is long-standing. So too is the level of competition for recruiting the best students – although the reform in 1991 to bring universities and polytechnics into a single sector has increased that competition. Competition for research has increased through the reform initiated by the University Grants Committee in the mid 1980s to introduce the Research Assessment Exercise for non-specific funds. Recent reforms have provided both additional funding and, through tuition fees for UK students, greater influence for universities over the level of funding. Le système de l'enseignement supérieur au Royaume-Uni a fait l’objet de nombreuses réformes depuis cinquante ans. Evaluées à la lumière d’indicateurs spécifiques, les universités britanniques présentent de bons résultats. Les facteurs de cette performance sont postulés par comparaison des politiques et des approches adoptées au Royaume-Uni et à l’étranger (en particulier dans le reste de l'Europe). Associés au contrôle direct des universités sur le financement, le degré d'autonomie, le niveau de concurrence et le niveau de financement apparaissent ainsi comme trois facteurs de performances importants. Bien qu’elle ait été renforcée par la réforme de 1991 regroupant les universités et les instituts de technologie en un secteur unique, la concurrence pour le recrutement des meilleurs étudiants existe depuis longtemps, tout comme le degré d'autonomie important dont jouissent les universités britanniques. La concurrence a également gagné le milieu de la recherche où, suite à une réforme initiée par le University Grants Committee au milieu des années 1980, l’attribution de fonds non spécifiques est déterminée par le Research Assessment Exercise (exercice d’évaluation de la recherche). De récentes réformes ont permis d’accorder des financements supplémentaires et, par le biais des frais d’inscription imposés aux étudiants britanniques, de développer l’influence des universités par rapport au niveau de financement.
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-21-5ksj0twgc7vc
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  • 168
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    Government Consumption Volatility and the Size of Nations (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 36 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.687
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The aim of this paper is to analyze the relation between the volatility of government consumption and country size. Using a sample of 160 countries from 1960 to 2000 the main findings of our empirical analysis suggest that: 1) smaller countries have more volatile non-discretionary and discretionary government consumption, and also a more volatile government size; 2) the relation between government spending volatility and the size of a country is more negative for more volatile economies; 3) the relation between government consumption volatility and country size is more negative for functions of government spending that are characterized by a high level on non-rivality. The results are robust to different time and country samples, different econometric techniques and to several sets of control variables.
    DOI: 10.1787/225543847282
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  • 169
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    PISA 2006 Technical Report (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264048096
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (420 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: The PISA 2006 Technical Report describes the methodology underlying the PISA 2006 survey. It examines additional features related to the implementation of the project at a level of detail that allows researchers to understand and replicate its analyses. The reader will find a wealth of information on the test and sample design, methodologies used to analyse the data, technical features of the project and quality control mechanisms.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264048096-en
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  • 170
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    OECD Private Pensions Outlook 2008 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264044395
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (310 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Perspectives de l'OCDE sur les pensions privées 2008
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: As the role of private pension systems grows in importance, there is a need to monitor their development and review their performance in an international context, especially following the crisis in the financial markets in 2008. This first edition of the OECD Private Pensions Outlook provides essential data on assets, investments, membership, and industry structure based on the latest official statistics, as well as a framework for evaluating the trends shaping the pensions industry, based on the role of the private pensions in relation to the public pension system. It also provides comprehensive country profiles, describing private pension arrangements in individual OECD countries. This edition's special feature covers the implications for pensions and private pensions policy of the financial crisis. This publication includes StatLinks, URLs linking graphs and tables via the internet to Excel® table containing the underlying data.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264044395-en
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  • 171
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    PISA Data Analysis Manual: SPSS, Second Edition (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056275
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (475 p.)
    Edition: Second Edition
    Series Statement: PISA
    Keywords: Education ; Economics
    Abstract: The OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) surveys collected data on students’ performances in reading, mathematics and science, as well as contextual information on students’ background, home characteristics and school factors which could influence performance. This publication includes detailed information on how to analyse the PISA data, enabling researchers to both reproduce the initial results and to undertake further analyses. In addition to the inclusion of the necessary techniques, the manual also includes a detailed account of the PISA 2006 database and worked examples providing full syntax in SPSS®.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264056275-en
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  • 172
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    Network Externality Premiums and International Telecommunication Traffic Exchange (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 50 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.152
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The aim of this paper is to examine the economic impact of proposals to add a non-cost “premium” to international telecommunication charges. This work follows up on earlier OECD work which examined international traffic exchange. The paper concludes that attempts to use non-market methods, and distort prices, is likely to have negative implications for the provision of international telecommunication services and that competition is acting to more efficiently meet policy goals.
    DOI: 10.1787/222470556326
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  • 173
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    Private Pensions and Policy Responses to the Financial and Economic Crisis (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 34 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on Insurance and Private Pensions no.36
    DOI: 10.1787/224386871887
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  • 174
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    Recent Oil Price Movements : Forces and Policy Issues (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 30 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.737
    Keywords: Economics ; Erdölpreis ; Geschichte 2009
    Abstract: Crude oil prices have trended up since the end of the 1990s, peaking at a historic high in mid-2008 that was followed by a steep price correction with a subsequent rebound. This paper considers major forces behind the evolution of the oil price, using a simple model of supply and demand elasticities as a benchmark, highlights implications for inflation and economic activity and draws some conclusions for macroeconomic policy. The analysis suggests that the run-up in crude oil prices since 2003 was due to both vigorous oil demand growth by emerging markets and, from the middle of the decade onward, a weaker than expected oil supply response to rising prices. Prices are unlikely to fall back to levels seen in the first years of the decade either over the short or medium term.
    DOI: 10.1787/220061071212
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  • 175
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    New challenges in the use of governement debt issuance procedures, techniques and policies in OECD markets (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 197-208
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 12 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 197-208
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Government debt issuance procedures and policies differ across OECD jurisdictions, in particular in terms of technical standards for selling techniques, primary dealer systems and other primary market arrangements. However, the increased integration of global financial markets (including the jump in the integration of European government debt markets since the introduction of the Euro) has been an important catalyst in the standardisation of the structure and types of instruments as well as the convergence of general procedures and policies for the issuance government debt. In many countries, the ongoing credit and economic crises have prompted a review of existing issuance procedures and policies. This article provide (a) a survey of the general characteristics of government debt issuance procedures and related primary dealer (PD) arrangements in the OECD area; and (b) an evaluation of the challenges and changes generated by the impact of the turmoil in global financial markets on issuance procedures and policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/fmt-v2009-art9-en
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  • 176
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    Health-Care Reform in Japan : Controlling Costs, Improving Quality and Ensuring Equity (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 40 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.739
    Keywords: Economics ; Japan
    Abstract: Japan’s health-care system has provided universal access to care and contributed to the outstanding health status of the Japanese. Public spending has been kept below the OECD average through high co-payment rates and reductions in medical fees. However, with continued upward pressure on expenditure, in part due to rapid population ageing, reforms are needed to limit spending increases through greater efficiency, while improving quality. It is essential to shift long-term care out of hospitals, reform the pricing mechanism away from pay-for-visit, increase the use of generic drugs, encourage healthy ageing and promote restructuring in the hospital sector. Quality should be improved by increasing the availability of effective new drugs and medical devices. In funding spending increases, it is important to limit the share borne by employees to avoid negative effects on the labour market. Japan may need to allow more mixed billing to enhance access to some advanced medical treatments.
    DOI: 10.1787/220005270870
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  • 177
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    Top of the Class : High Performers in Science in PISA 2006 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060777
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Top of the class
    DDC: 371.262
    RVK:
    DO 1250
    Keywords: Education ; PISA-Studie ; OECD ; Naturwissenschaften ; Unterricht ; Qualität
    Abstract: The rapidly growing demand for highly skilled workers has led to a global competition for talent. While basic competencies are important for the absorption of new technologies, high-level skills are critical for the creation of new knowledge, technologies and innovation. The OECD’s Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) has taken an innovative approach to examining educational excellence, by directly assessing students’ knowledge, skills and attitudes and exploring how these relate to the characteristics of individual students, schools and education systems. Based on PISA survey results, this report examines who the highest performing students are, what the characteristics of the schools they attend are, to what extent they engage in science related activities outside of school, what their motivations and attitudes towards science are, and what their career intentions are.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060777-en
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  • 178
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    Architecture scolaire : des exemples à suivre en Australie (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 7 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: CELE Échanges, Centre pour des environnements pédagogiques efficaces no.2009/03
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. An Australian Approach to School Design
    Keywords: Education ; Australia
    Abstract: Pour concevoir des installations scolaires adaptées, il faut au préalable s’assurer que le projet est parfaitement compris durant les phases critiques que sont la préparation et la conception. Construits dans la ville de Perth, les bâtiments scolaires contemporains présentés dans les paragraphes qui suivent donneront au lecteur un aperçu de quelques modèles architecturaux exemplaires.
    DOI: 10.1787/223577138633
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  • 179
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    Dynamic scoring (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 9, no. 2, p. 1-26
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 26 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 2, p. 1-26
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Dynamic scoring – taking full account of all the economic effects of policies when estimating their budgetary effects – is almost self-evidently attractive. But it is formidably difficult to achieve. This paper assesses the key conceptual and practical challenges it poses and considers the pros and cons of adopting it. The objective should be to provide more useful information while being robust to the political debate.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-9-5ks70mg592wk
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  • 180
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    La procédure budgétaire en Roumanie (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 31-63
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 35 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Budgeting in Romania
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 31-63
    Keywords: Governance ; Romania
    Abstract: La présente étude sur le système budgétaire roumaine fait partie intégrante du Projet sur le budget du Groupe de travail des Hauts responsables du budget. Le projet sur le budget vise à mettre en place et renforcer des réseaux régionaux de hauts responsables du budget en dehors de la zone de l’OCDE. Cette étude a servi de base à l’examen du système budgétaire roumaine lors de la première réunion du réseau des hauts responsables du budget d’Europe centrale et orientale, les 10 et 11 novembre 2004 à La Haye.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v4-art15-fr
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  • 181
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    Financial Stability in the United Kingdom: Banking on Prudence (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 28 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.717
    Keywords: Economics ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: The UK financial market has been severely affected by the recent financial crisis. The crisis has exposed weaknesses in the supervisory framework as well as that for crisis management and resolution. This paper reviews the supervisory and regulatory framework and the many reforms that have already been adopted to remedy these weaknesses. It also provides recommendations for further reforms. This Working Paper relates to the 2009 Economic Survey of the United Kingdom (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/uk).
    DOI: 10.1787/222702735047
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  • 182
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    The Impact of the Crisis on ICTs and their Role in the Recovery (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 55 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.163
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The ICT industry had a tough start to 2009, with almost all first quarter indicators declining, often very sharply. There are signs of recovery, with the rate of decline bottoming out and turning up in the most recent cyclical data (May/June 2009), with positive month-on-month growth for most countries, and inventories running down sharply. Performance in the first quarter of 2009 tested 2001-2002 declines in most ICT sectors, but relative year-on-year declines were not a great deal worse than in 2001-2002 and some sectors have performed better than in the earlier period. The ICT industry is also performing considerably better in this crisis than industries such as automobiles...
    DOI: 10.1787/221641027714
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  • 183
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    How competitive is product market regulation in India? : An international and cross-state comparison (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: economic studies Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 1-25
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2856
    Language: English
    Pages: 25 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: economic studies
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 1-25
    Keywords: Economics ; India
    Abstract: This paper assesses the extent to which India's regulatory environment promotes or inhibits competition in markets where technology and market conditions make competition viable. The analysis is based on the OECD’s indicators of Product Market Regulation (PMR) which have been used extensively over the last decade to benchmark regulatory frameworks in OECD countries and have proven useful in encouraging countries to implement structural reforms that enhance economic performance.
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-v2009-art6-en
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  • 184
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    Accords bilatéraux (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 153-154
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 2 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Bilateral Agreements
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 153-154
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-v2009-art9-fr
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  • 185
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    Adaptation au changement climatique et coopération pour le développement : Document d'orientation (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060296
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (215 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Integrating Climate Change Adaptation into Development Co-operation; Policy Guidance
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Integración de la Adaptación en la Cooperación para el Desarrollo ; Guía sobre Políticas
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Integração da Adaptação às Alterações Climáticas na Cooperação para o Desenvolvimento; Guia para o Desenvolvimento de Políticas
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Integrating Climate Change Adaptation into Development Co-operation: Policy Guidance
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Integración de la Adaptación en la Cooperación para el Desarrollo : Guía sobre Políticas
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Integração da Adaptação às Alterações Climáticas na Cooperação para o Desenvolvimento: Guia para o Desenvolvimento de Políticas
    Keywords: Environment ; Development
    Abstract: Les objectifs de ce document d’orientation sont : i) expliciter les incidences du changement climatique sur les pratiques de développement et, par conséquent, la nécessité d’intégrer pleinement l’adaptation au changement climatique dans les politiques des agences d’aide et des pays partenaires ; ii) recenser les approches qui permettent d’intégrer l’adaptation au changement climatique dans les politiques de développement aux niveaux national, sectoriel et des projets, tant en milieu urbain que rural ; et iii) indiquer comment les donneurs peuvent concrètement soutenir les efforts des pays partenaires pour réduire leur vulnérabilité face à la variabilité et au changement climatiques. S’il revient aux pays partenaires de jouer un rôle moteur dans le cadre d’efforts visant à intégrer l’adaptation au changement climatique dans le développement, les agences d’aide auront un rôle déterminant à jouer en soutenant ces efforts.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060296-fr
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  • 186
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    Le déclassement d'Asse II : Un fardeau du passé en République fédérale d'Allemagne (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 65-82
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 18 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Decommissioning of Asse II: Burden of the Past in the Federal Republic of Germany
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 65-82
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Germany
    Abstract: Asse II, une mine de sel dans la formation de sel du permien supérieur située près de Wolfenbüttel, a fait l’objet de débats passionnés en matière de droit et de politique environnementale en République fédérale d’Allemagne. Jusqu’en 1995, Asse II était utilisée comme installation de recherche pour le développement de techniques liées au stockage définitif des déchets de faible et moyenne activité. De la potasse et du sel gemme ont été produits dans cette installation entre 1909 et 1964, et après l’arrêt de la production de sel, elle a servi, entre 1967 et 1978, au stockage des déchets radioactifs.
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-v2009-art3-fr
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  • 187
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    Inclusion des élèves à besoins éducatifs spéciaux dans les écoles en Irlande (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 6 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: CELE Échanges, Centre pour des environnements pédagogiques efficaces no.2009/01
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Including Pupils with Special Educational Needs in Schools in Ireland
    Keywords: Education ; Ireland
    Abstract: Rédigées à l’attention des chefs d’établissements, des conseils d’administration et des concepteurs, ces directives fournissent des indications en matière de planification et de conception de l’espace avec pour objectif la fourniture d’installations d’apprentissage permanentes conçues pour les élèves ayant des besoins éducatifs spéciaux dans les 26 comtés de l’Irlande. Ces directives reflètent nombre des changements récents dans le système éducatif irlandais, des changements qui ont accentué la nécessité de créer des espaces supplémentaires en mesure d’accueillir l’éventail croissant de services d’enseignement et de soutien destinés aux élèves présentant des troubles autistiques, des troubles émotifs et/ou des problèmes comportementaux, des troubles du langage, des déficiences auditives ou visuelles, des troubles multisensoriels ou d’autres besoins.
    DOI: 10.1787/224772044438
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  • 188
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    Employment-Productivity Trade-off and Labour Composition (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.698
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper formalises the analysis of the employment-productivity trade-off by extending the framework developed by Gordon (1997) to account for labour heterogeneity. The extent of the trade-off is determined by the extent of the adjustment of capital to effective labour and by the changes in aggregate labour quality. The main experiment reported in the paper consists of assessing the labour utilisation and productivity impacts in OECD countries of aligning group-specific employment rates to the US levels. Matching the US employment performance defined in that sense would enable low-employment OECD countries to reduce only half of the aggregate employment-rate gap vis-à-vis the United States, the other half being mechanically due to differences in the population structure by age and educational attainment. In this experiment, a 1% gain in employment is associated with a decrease of 0.24% in labour productivity on average across countries, and of 0.35% in low-employment countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/224146182015
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  • 189
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    Impact de la libéralisation des échanges de services sur les échanges de produits non agricoles (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 49 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Impact of Services Trade Liberalisation on Trade in Non-Agricultural Products
    Keywords: Trade
    Abstract: Cette étude permet de constater que les échanges de services contribuent à élargir l’éventail des prestataires de services qui soutiennent la compétitivité dans les secteurs de la production manufacturière de haute technologie et à forte valeur ajoutée. Elle montre que les grands pays qui présentent des coûts plus faibles mais toujours significatifs d’échanges de services bénéficient d’un avantage comparatif dans le secteur des produits manufacturés à forte intensité de services, avantage qui se trouve renforcé si le pays produit aussi des services intermédiaires de façon plus efficace ou oppose moins d’obstacles à l’entrée des fournisseurs de services. Les pays qui disposent de technologies organisationnelles plus avancées (qui utilisent plus efficacement les services aux producteurs) renforceront leur avantage comparatif dans la production manufacturière en profitant de la libéralisation des échanges de services. Les effets de la libéralisation des échanges de services sur la production manufacturière n’est pas linéaire. Ils restent modestes jusqu’à ce que les coûts des échanges atteignent un certain seuil. C’est donc en fin de libéralisation des échanges de services, en particulier avec la réduction des obstacles réglementaires, que les effets sont les plus sensibles. Les exportations de produits manufacturés à forte intensité de main-d’oeuvre exigent de nombreux services d’appui, et ces besoins augmentent d’année en année en raison de l’évolution des goûts des consommateurs et de leur intérêt croissant pour les normes de santé, de sécurité et de travail. Pour soutenir le développement industriel, les pays en développement doivent non seulement faire reposer leurs politiques d’échanges de services sur des intérêts offensifs, mais aussi veiller à ce que les producteurs locaux disposent d’un accès optimal aux services. Les effets les plus marqués résulteraient de l’amélioration de l’accès aux marchés des services de télécommunications et des services aux entreprises, tels que services juridiques, comptabilité, publicité et services de consultation technique.
    DOI: 10.1787/227015265410
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  • 190
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    International Air Passenger Transport in the Future (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 30 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2009/15
    DOI: 10.1787/5kmmr3hj23vk-en
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  • 191
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    New Avenues of Value Creation in the Agro-Food Sector (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 37 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Working Papers no.13
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nouvelles pistes de création de valeur dans le secteur agroalimentaire
    DOI: 10.1787/221300175226
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  • 192
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    Health Care Reform in the United States (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.665
    Keywords: Economics ; United States
    Abstract: In spite of improvements, on various measures of health outcomes the United States appears to rank relatively poorly among OECD countries. Health expenditures, in contrast, are significantly higher than in any other OECD country. While there are factors beyond the health-care system itself that contribute to this gap in performance, there is also likely to be scope to improve the health of Americans while reducing, or at least not increasing spending. This paper focuses on two factors that contribute to this discrepancy between health outcomes and health expenditures in the United States: inequitable access to medical services and subsidized private insurance policies; and inefficiencies in public health insurance. It then suggests two sets of reforms likely to improve the US health-care system. The first is a package of reforms to achieve close to universal health insurance coverage. The second set of reforms relates to payment methods and coverage decisions within the Medicare programme to realign incentives and increase the extent of economic evaluation of different medical procedures.
    DOI: 10.1787/227104360465
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  • 193
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    Durabilité et innovation dans les écoles du Royaume-Uni (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 8 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: CELE Échanges, Centre pour des environnements pédagogiques efficaces no.2009/10
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Sustainability Innovation in United Kingdom Schools
    Keywords: Education ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: Cet article émet des recommandations sur les approches à adopter en vue de la conception d’environnements pédagogiques durables. Les auteurs présentent des exemples récents de bâtiments scolaires britanniques qui réduisent leurs émissions de carbone et capitalisent sur les sources d’énergie renouvelables, et prédisent la manière dont les écoles répondront à leurs besoins énergétiques dans le futur.
    DOI: 10.1787/220370028720
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  • 194
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    Long-Distance Bus Services in Europe : Concessions or Free Market? (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2009/21
    DOI: 10.1787/5kmmr3br9932-en
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  • 195
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    Market Power and Vertical and Horizontal Integration in the Maritime Shipping and Port Industry (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 30 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2009/02
    DOI: 10.1787/227458312782
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  • 196
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    Effects of environmental policy on the type of innovation : The case of automotive emission-control technologies (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: economic studies Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 1-18
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2856
    Language: English
    Pages: 18 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: economic studies
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 1-18
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This article uses patent data to assess policy factors (domestic and international) for patenting activity in automotive emission control technologies. Particular attention is paid to the role of different policy types and fuel prices on both post-combustion and integrated abatement technologies. The results confirm that fuel prices have played a role in the development of integrated strategies, while regulatory standards have been more important with respect to post-combustion technologies. In addition, ‘integrated’ abatement strategies are more closely linked to general determinants of innovation than is the case for post-combustion technologies. This has implications for the design of policies which encourage innovations with both private and public benefits.
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-v2009-art2-en
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  • 197
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    Infrastructure Investment in Network industries : The Role of Incentive Regulation and Regulatory Independence (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.688
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper finds that coherent regulatory policies can boost investment in network industries of OECD economies. Rate-of-return regulation is generally thought to result in overinvestment, while incentive regulation is believed to entail underinvestment. Yet, previous empirical work has generally found that the introduction of incentive regulation has not systematically changed investment in network industries. According to the theoretical literature, regulatory uncertainty exposes both types of regimes to the danger of underinvestment. However, regulatory uncertainty is arguably higher under rate-of-return regulation because investment decisions (what can be included in the rate base) are usually evaluated in a discretionary manner, while firms operating under incentive regulation are less affected by this behaviour. In addition, incentive regulation encourages investment in cost-reducing technologies. Using Bayesian model averaging techniques, this paper shows that incentive regulation implemented jointly with an independent sector regulator (indicating lower regulatory uncertainty) has a strong positive impact on investment in network industries. In addition, lower barriers to entry are also found to encourage sectoral investment. These results support the importance of implementing policies in a coherent framework.
    DOI: 10.1787/225261508320
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  • 198
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    Towards better Schools and more Equal Opportunities for Learning in Italy (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 65 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.727
    Keywords: Economics ; Italy
    Abstract: Compulsory school education in Italy produces poor results in terms of 15-year olds’ performance on PISA tests, compared with other OECD countries, despite a relatively high level of expenditure. While the influence of social background is smaller than in many OECD countries, it is largely transmitted through a kind of self-segregation resulting from family choices among the different types of upper secondary school. Large differences in pupils’ performance between regions cannot be explained by the quantity of resources available; separating the influence of socio-economic conditions from school efficiency is difficult and must be treated carefully in plans for extending fiscal federalism. The Italian government is rightly concerned to get better value for money and this chapter argues that policies to improve the information available to schools and teachers on the results they are achieving, while giving them appropriate incentives, responsibility and power to respond to such information, are necessary accompaniments to expenditure-saving policies. An improved focus on good quality training, both for new recruits and experienced teachers, and recruitment procedures themselves, should also pay dividends on efficiency.
    DOI: 10.1787/220864240618
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  • 199
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    The role of stock exchanges in corporate governance (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 209-238
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 30 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 209-238
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Historically, the main direct contribution of exchanges to corporate governance has been listing and disclosure standards and monitoring compliance. Stock exchanges have established themselves as promoters of corporate governance recommendations for listed companies. Demutualisation and the subsequent self-listing of exchanges have spurred debate on the role of exchanges. Regulators have been concerned about conflicts of interest between exchanges' for-profit activities and their regulatory responsabilities. The conversion of exchanges to listed companies is thought to have intensified competition. And, the sharper competition has forced the question of whether there is a risk of a regulatory 'race to the bottom'. Recently, the rise of alternative trading systems (ATS), first in the United States and then in Europe have had a profound impact. Their existence has induced exchanges to cut fees and in some cases launch their own off-exchange trading platforms. The effect of ATSs on corporate governance is not clear. Two practical concerns voiced so far are, first, that trading fragmentation may reduce the transparency of the markets for corporate control and adverse consequences for price discovery. Secondly, exchanges are uneasy about the prospect of having to continue performing their traditional regulatory and other corporate-governance enhancing functions amid a shrinking revenue base.
    DOI: 10.1787/fmt-v2009-art10-en
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  • 200
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    The secondary markets of higher education : A Canadian context (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 21, no. 3, p. 1-18
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 18 p
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 21, no. 3, p. 1-18
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Viewed through a market paradigm, universities can appear as the aggregation of numerous and varied markets. While universities’ primary markets focus on teaching and research, they are active in many other markets, most of which support and contribute to their smooth, effective and efficient operation. Using financial and real estate markets as examples, the purpose of this article is to articulate some details that further validate the deepening complexity of the modern multiversity and to help clarify the extent to which market-like activities have infiltrated the institution, creating opportunities and posing threats. The cultural impact of the trend towards marketisation increases the need to protect the academic core of the academy. Les marchés secondaires de l’enseignement supérieur : un contexte canadien Vues à travers le paradigme du marché, les universités peuvent ressembler à un agrégat de marchés nombreux et différents. Bien que leurs marchés principaux se concentrent sur l’enseignement et la recherche, elles sont actives sur bien d’autres marchés dont la plupart est essentiel ou nécessaire à leur bon fonctionnement. En reprenant des exemples des marchés de l’immobilier et de la finance, l’article se propose d’articuler certains détails démontrant la complexité croissante de la multiversité moderne et apporte également un éclairage sur la façon dont les activités du marché ont infiltré l’université, ces phénomènes étant générateurs d’opportunités comme de menaces. L’impact culturel de la tendance portant vers la marchandisation accroît la nécessité de développer le corps enseignant de l’institution.
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-21-5ksb3fn6x1lt
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