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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789048129324
    Language: English
    Pages: xii, 422 Seiten , 235 mm x 155 mm
    Series Statement: Dao companions to Chinese philosophy volume 11
    Series Statement: Dao companions to Chinese philosophy
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dao Companion to Korean Confucian Philosophy
    DDC: 181.11209519
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy, Asian ; Religion ; Philosophy ; Culture-Study and teaching ; Non-Western Philosophy ; Philosophy, Confucian ; Korea ; History ; Philosophy, Confucian ; Korea ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Korea ; Konfuzianismus ; Philosophie ; Geschichte
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9789402409703
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 277 p. 4 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 42
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: History
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Printed edition
    Keywords: Ethics ; Modern philosophy ; Philosophy of nature ; Political philosophy ; History
    Abstract: This volume brings together recent scholarly contributions on Hermann by physicists, historians and philosophers of science, and philosophers and educators following in Hermann’s steps. Also included are translations of Hermann’s two most important essays, in the foundations of physics and in ethics. The former is here translated into English for the first time. Those interested in the many fields Hermann contributed to will find here a comprehensive discussion of her philosophy of physics that places it in the context of her wider work. Grete Hermann (1901-1984) was a pupil of mathematical physicist Emmy Noether, follower and co-worker of neo-Kantian philosopher Leonard Nelson, and an important intellectual figure in post-war German social democracy. She is also known for her work on the philosophy of modern physics in the 1930s, some of which emerged from intense discussions with Heisenberg and Weizsäcker in Leipzig. Hermann’s avowed aim was to counter the perceived threat to the Kantian notion of causality stemming from the new quantum mechanics. She not only succeeded to her satisfaction, but also discussed in depth the question of ‘hidden variables’ (including the first critique of von Neumann’s alleged impossibility proof) and provided an extensive analysis of Bohr’s notion of complementarity. Her work places her in the first rank among philosophers who wrote about modern physics in the first half of the last century
    Abstract: Introduction: G. Bacciagaluppi and E.Crull -- Philosophical background of Grete Hermann's work: F. Leal Carratero -- Hermann's road to Leipzig and the 1935 essay: E. Crull -- Understanding Hermann's philosophy of nature: G. Paparo -- Grete Hermann's pioneering contribution to the philosophy of quantum physics: An attempt to reconcile quantum mechanics with transcendental philosophy: L.Soler -- Changing perspectives on Heisenberg's microscope thought experiment: M. Frappier -- C.F.von Wiezsäcker's article on the Heisenberg microscope and its influence on Grete Hermann's notion of 'relative causation': T.Filk -- Challenging the gospel: Grete Hermann on von Neumann's no-hidden-variables proof: M. Seevinck -- Grete Hermann and the 'Copenhagen Interpretation': G. Bacciagaluppi.-Panel discussion on Grete Hermann's ethics and politics: D. Krohn, F. Leal Carretero and R. Saran -- General Discussion -- The natural-philosophical foundations of quantum mechanics: G. Hermann -- Conquering chance: G. Hermann
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9789401793643
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 233 p. 10 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 306
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Philosophy of chemistry
    Keywords: History ; Chemistry ; Chemie ; Philosophie
    Abstract: This volume follows the earlier successful book in the same series, which helped to introduce and spread the Philosophy of Chemistry to a wider audience of philosophers, historians, and science educators, as well as chemists, physicists and biologists. The introduction summarizes the way in which the field has developed in the ten years since the previous volume was conceived and introduces several new authors who did not contribute to the earlier book. The editors are well placed to assemble this book, as they are the editor in chief and deputy editors of the leading academic journal in the field, Foundations of Chemistry. The philosophy of chemistry remains a somewhat neglected field, unlike the philosophy of physics and the philosophy of biology. Why there has been little philosophical attention to the central discipline of chemistry among the three natural sciences is a theme that is explored by several of the contributors. This volume will do a great deal to redress this imbalance. Among the themes covered is the question of reduction of chemistry to physics, the reduction of biology to chemistry, whether true chemical laws exist and causality in chemistry. In addition more general questions of the nature of organic chemistry, biochemistry and chemical synthesis are examined by specialist in these areas
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401793490
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 210 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in Philosophy, Religion and Public Life 2
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; History ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This notable collection provides an interdisciplinary platform for prominent thinkers who have all made significant recent contributions to exploring the nexus of philosophy and narrative. It includes the latest assessments of several key positions in the current philosophical debate. These perspectives underpin a range of thematic strands exploring the influence of narrative on notions of selfhood, identity, temporal experience, and the emotions, among others. Drawing from the humanities, literature, history and religious studies as well as philosophy, the volume opens with papers on narrative intelligence and the relationship between narrative and agency. It features special sections of in-depth commentary on a range of topics. How, for example, do narrative and philosophical biography interact? Do celebrated biographical and autobiographical accounts of the lives of philosophers contribute to our understanding of their work? This new volume has a substantive remit that incorporates the intercultural religious view of philosophy’s links to narrative together with its many secular aspects. A valuable new resource for more advanced scholars in all its constituent disciplines, it represents a significant addition to the literature of this richly productive area of research
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401797290
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 197 p. 4 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Globalisation, Comparative Education and Policy Research 13
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Nation-building and history education in a global culture
    RVK:
    Keywords: Curriculum planning ; Education, Higher ; History ; Education ; Schulbildung ; Geschichtsunterricht ; Erziehungsziel ; Relation ; Globalisierung ; Geschichtsbild ; Nationenbildung ; Nationalbewusstsein ; Identitätsentwicklung ; Kulturelle Identität ; Theorie ; Praxis ; Erde
    Abstract: This book examines the nexus between nation-building and history education globally and the implication for cultural diversity and social justice. It studies some of the major education reforms and policy issues in history education in a global culture, and regards them in the light of recent shifts in history education and policy research. In doing so, the volume provides a comprehensive picture of the intersecting and diverse discourses of globalisation, history education and policy-driven reforms. It makes clear that the impact of globalisation on education policy and reforms is a strategically significant issue for us all. The book focuses on the importance of nation-building and patriotism in history education, and presents up-to-date research on global trends in history education reforms and policy research. It provides an easily accessible, practical yet scholarly source of information about the international concerns in the field of globalisation, history education and policy research
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400743182 , 1283633736 , 9781283633734
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 288 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Dao Companions to Chinese Philosophy 2
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Political science Philosophy ; History ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Political science Philosophy ; History ; Han, Fei
    Abstract: Han Fei, who died in 233 BC, was one of the primary philosophers of Chinas classical era, a reputation still intact despite recent neglect. This edited volume on the thinker, his views on politics and philosophy, and the tensions of his relations with Confucianism (which he derided) is the first of its kind in English.Featuring contributions from specialists in various disciplines including religious studies and literature, this new addition to the Dao Companions to Chinese Philosophy series includes the latest research. It breaks new ground with studies of Han Feis intellectual antecedents, and his relationship as a historical figure with Han Feizi, the text attributed to him, as well as surveying the full panoply of his thought. It also includes a chapter length survey of relevant scholarship, both in Chinese and Japanese.
    Description / Table of Contents: Dao Companion to the Philosophy of Han Fei; Editor's Acknowledgments; Contents; Contributors; Introduction: Han Fei and the Han Feizi; Works Cited; Part I: Han Fei's Predecessors; From Historical Evolution to the End of History: Past, Present and Future from Shang Yang to the First Emperor; Change and Stability in Warring States Thought; The Book of Lord Shang; Past, Present and Future in Han Fei; Qin's "End of History" and Its Aftermath; Works Cited; Shen Dao's Theory of fa and His In fl uence on Han Fei; Introduction; The Main Idea of the Shenzi Fragments: fa 法
    Description / Table of Contents: The Source of Law in Shen Dao's TheoryShen Dao's In fl uence on Han Fei; Works Cited; Part II: The Philosophy of Han Fei; Submerged by Absolute Power: The Ruler's Predicament in the Han Feizi; Foundations of the Ruler's Authority; Safeguarding the Ruler's Power; The Invisible Ruler; Back to Ministerial Power?; Conclusion; Works Cited; Beyond the Rule of Rules: The Foundations of Sovereign Power in the Han Feizi; Legitimating a Repressive Order: The Quest for an Artificial Paradise; From the Spontaneous to the Automatic; A Paradise with No Aberrations? The Paradox of the Norm and the Exception
    Description / Table of Contents: Inborn Human Nature: Changeable vs. UnchangeableHuman Qualities: Same vs. Different; The Source of Han Fei's View That Human Beings Focus on Pursuing Their Own Profit; Conclusion; Works Cited; Part IV: Studies of Specific Chapters; The Difficulty with "The Dif fi culties of Persuasion" ("Shuinan" 說難); Shui 說 in the Han Feizi; The Contradictions of "The Difficulties of Persuasion"; Early Authors on the Morality of shui 說; "Solitary Frustration" and the Morality of "The Dif fi culties of Persuasion"; The Legacy of Han Fei; Works Cited
    Description / Table of Contents: Han Feizi and the Old Master: A Comparative Analysis and Translation of Han Feizi Chapter 20, "Jie Lao," and Chapter 21, "Yu Lao"Introduction; Exegetical Strategies: Philosophical Principles Versus Illustrative Anecdotes; Passages Cited; Citation Styles; Citation Content: The Whole vs. The Part?; The Han Feizi and the Wang Bi Laozi Texts; Markers of Date; Bang Versus Guo to Denote the Concept of the State; The Historical Anecdotes of "Yu Lao"; Viewpoint and Vocabulary; "Yu Lao"; "Jie Lao"; Harmonizing Inner Potency, Humaneness, Righteousness, and Ritual ( de 德, ren 仁, yi 義, li 禮)
    Description / Table of Contents: Cultivating the Compassion of the Mother
    Description / Table of Contents: Works CitedHan Fei on the Problem of Morality; What Is Order?; On Morality and Order; A Possible Role for Morality in Governance?; On the Notion of Desert; Works Cited; Part III: Han Fei and Confucianism; Han Fei and Confucianism: Toward a Synthesis; Works Cited; Did Xunzi's Theory of Human Nature Provide the Foundation for the Political Thought of Han Fei?; Introduction; Modern Scholars' Views of the Relationship Between Xunzi and Han Fei; The Concept of xing in the Xunzi and the Han Feizi; Minxing 民性; Tianxing 天性; Qingxing 情性; The Concept of ren 人 (Mankind) in the Xunzi and the Han Feizi
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400743458
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 338 p. 9 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 282
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. The mechanization of natural philosophy
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy ; Science ; Philosophy ; History ; 16th century ; Science ; Philosophy ; History ; 17th century ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Naturphilosophie ; Mechanismus ; Ideengeschichte 1550-1720
    Abstract: The Mechanisation of Natural Philosophy is devoted to various aspects of the transformation of natural philosophy during the 16th and 17th centuries that is usually described as mechanical philosophy .Drawing the border between the old Aristotelianism and the « new » mechanical philosophy faces historians with a delicate task, if not an impossible mission. There were many natural philosophers who actually crossed the border between the two worlds, and, inside each of these worlds, there was a vast spectrum of doctrines, arguments and intellectual practices. The expression mechanical philosophy is burdened with ambiguities. It may refer to at least three different enterprises: a description of nature in mathematical terms; the comparison of natural phenomena to existing or imaginary machines; the use in natural philosophy of mechanical analogies, i.e. analogies conceived in terms of matter and motion alone.However mechanical philosophy is defined, its ambition was greater than its real successes. There were few mathematisations of phenomena. The machines of mechanical philosophers were not only imaginary, but had little to do with the machines of mecanicians. In most of the natural sciences, analogies in terms of matter and motion alone failed to provide satisfactory accounts of phenomena.By the same authors: Mechanics and Natural Philosophy before the Scientific Revolution (Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 254).
    Description / Table of Contents: The Mechanization of Natural Philosophy; Preface; Contents; Contributors; Introduction; Part I: The Construction of Historical Categories; Chapter 1: Remarks on the Pre-history of the Mechanical Philosophy; 1.1 What Was the Mechanical Philosophy?; 1.2 The Mechanical Philosophy Before Boyle; 1.3 Bacon; 1.4 Galileo; 1.5 Mersenne; 1.6 Descartes/Gassendi/Hobbes: Mechanical Philosophers?; 1.7 Novatores, Latitudinarians, and the Construction of the Mechanical Philosophy; 1.8 A Broader Conception of Mechanism?; Chapter 2: How Bacon Became Baconian
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1 The Meaning of Mechanical Operation in Bacon's Oeuvre2.2 Mechanical and Vital Readings of Bacon's Natural Philosophy in Seventeenth-Century England; 2.3 Conclusion; Chapter 3: An Empire Divided: French Natural Philosophy (1670-1690); 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 A Debate on Natural Philosophy; 3.3 On the Side of the New Philosophers; 3.3.1 The Methodology of Ontology: Beings Should Not Be Multiplied Without Necessity; 3.3.2 The Way of Physics: Physics Should Explain Phenomena, Namely, Give Efficient Causes; 3.3.3 Ontological Categories: The Bipartition Between Body and Soul Should Be Respected
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.3.4 The Social Twist3.4 On the Side of the Old Philosophers; 3.4.1 The Methodology of Ontology: The Multiplication of Corpuscles and the Missing Metaphysical Supplement; 3.4.2 The Way of Physics: One Should Not Indulge in Hypotheses, Ignore Experiments and Use Empty Words; 3.4.3 The Ontological Categories and the Controversy Over Animal Souls; 3.4.4 Another Social Twist; 3.5 Conclusions; Part II: Matter, Motion, Physics and Mathematics; Chapter 4: Matter and Form in Sixteenth-Century Spain: Some Case Studies; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 The Corpuscular Theories of the Physician d'Olesa
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.2.1 Elements, Minima and Qualities4.2.2 The Problem of Mixture; 4.2.3 A Corpuscular Theory of Light and Vision; 4.3 The Absence of a Tradition; 4.3.1 The Hypothesis of Menéndez Pelayo; 4.3.2 The Salamacan Physician Gomez Pereira; 4.3.3 The Salamacan Physician Francisco Valles; 4.4 Conclusion; Chapter 5: The Composition of Space, Time and Matter According to Isaac Newton and John Keill; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 The Isomorphism of Space, Time and Matter in Early Modern Natural Philosophy; 5.3 The Evolution of Newton's Views on the Composition of Space, Time and Matter
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.4 The Isomorphism of Space, Time and Matter According to John Keill5.5 Conclusion; Chapter 6: Beeckman, Descartes and Physico-Mathematics; 6.1 Beeckman; 6.1.1 Persistence of Motion; 6.1.2 Persistence of the Form of a Motion; 6.1.3 Conservation in the Exchange of Motion; 6.1.4 Isoperimetric Figures; 6.2 Descartes; 6.2.1 Persistence of Motion; 6.2.2 Communication of Motion; 6.2.3 Persistence and Direction; 6.3 Physico-Mathematics; Chapter 7: Between Mathematics and Experimental Philosophy: Hydrostatics in Scotland About 1700; 7.1 Between Mathematics and Experimental Philosophy
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.2 The Mathematical Hydrostatics of Wallis, Gregorie, and Newton
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9789400744387
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 375 p. 31 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 26
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Tanaka, Kōji, 1965 - Paraconsistency
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Parakonsistente Logik
    Abstract: A logic is called 'paraconsistent' if it rejects the rule called 'ex contradictione quodlibet', according to which any conclusion follows from inconsistent premises. While logicians have proposed many technically developed paraconsistent logical systems and contemporary philosophers like Graham Priest have advanced the view that some contradictions can be true, and advocated a paraconsistent logic to deal with them, until recent times these systems have been little understood by philosophers. This book presents a comprehensive overview on paraconsistent logical systems to change this situation. The book includes almost every major author currently working in the field. The papers are on the cutting edge of the literature some of which discuss current debates and others present important new ideas. The editors have avoided papers about technical details of paraconsistent logic, but instead concentrated upon works that discuss more "big picture" ideas. Different treatments of paradoxes takes centre stage in many of the papers, but also there are several papers on how to interpret paraconistent logic and some on how it can be applied to philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of language, and metaphysics
    Abstract: A logic is called 'paraconsistent' if it rejects the rule called 'ex contradictione quodlibet', according to which any conclusion follows from inconsistent premises. While logicians have proposed many technically developed paraconsistent logical systems and contemporary philosophers like Graham Priest have advanced the view that some contradictions can be true, and advocated a paraconsistent logic to deal with them, until recent times these systems have been little understood by philosophers. This book presents a comprehensive overview on paraconsistent logical systems to change this situation. The book includes almost every major author currently working in the field. The papers are on the cutting edge of the literature some of which discuss current debates and others present important new ideas. The editors have avoided papers about technical details of paraconsistent logic, but instead concentrated upon works that discuss more 'big picture' ideas. Different treatments of paradoxes takes centre stage in many of the papers, but also there are several papers on how to interpret paraconistent logic and some on how it can be applied to philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of language, and metaphysics.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Part 2. Applications ; An Approach to Human-Level Commonsense Reasoning , Paraconsistency: Introduction , Distribution in the Logic of Meaning Containment and in Quantum Mechanics , Wittgenstein on Incompleteness Makes Paraconsistent Sense , Pluralism and "Bad" Mathematical Theories: Challenging our Prejudices , Arithmetic Starred , Notes on Inconsistent Set Theory , Sorting out the Sorites , Are the Sorites and Liar Paradox of a Kind? , Vague Inclosures , Part 1. Logic ; Making Sense of Paraconsistent Logic: The Nature of Logic, Classical Logic and Paraconsistent Logic , On Discourses Addressed by Infidel Logicians , Information, Negation, and Paraconsistency , Noisy vs. Merely Equivocal Logics , Assertion, Denial and Non-classical Theories , New Arguments for Adaptive Logics as Unifying Frame for the Defeasible Handling of Inconsistency , Consequence as Preservation: Some Refinements , On Modal Logics Defining Jaśkowski's D2-Consequence , FDE: A Logic of Clutters , A Paraconsistent and Substructural Conditional Logic
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789400754850
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 332 p. 15 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 273
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. The Berlin Group and the philosophy of logical empiricism
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Dubislav, Walter, 1895- ; Oppenheim, Paul, 1885- ; Grelling, Kurt ; Fries, Jakob Friedrich, 1773-1843 ; Science ; Philosophy ; History ; 20th century ; Congresses ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Reichenbach, Hans 1891-1953 ; Neopositivismus ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie
    Abstract: The Berlin Group for scientific philosophy was active between 1928 and 1933 and was closely related to the Vienna Circle. In 1930, the leaders of the two Groups, Hans Reichenbach and Rudolf Carnap, launched the journal Erkenntnis. However, between the Berlin Group and the Vienna Circle, there was not only close relatedness but also significant difference. Above all, while the Berlin Group explored philosophical problems of the actual practice of science, the Vienna Circle, closely following Wittgenstein, was more interested in problems of the language of science. The book includes first discussion ever (in three chapters) on Walter Dubislav’s logic and philosophy. Two chapters are devoted to another author scarcely explored in English, Kurt Grelling, and another one to Paul Oppenheim who became an important figure in the philosophy of science in the USA in the 1940s-1960s. Finally, the book discusses the precursor of the Nord-German tradition of scientific philosophy, Jacob Friedrich Fries
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Milkov, Peckhaus.- Part I. Introductory Chapters -- Part II. Historical-Theoretical Context -- Part III. Hans Reichenbach -- Part IV. Walter Dubislav -- Part V. Kurt Grelling and  Alexander Herzberg -- Part VI. Carl Hempel und Paul Oppenheim.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400753105
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 207 p. 220 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 92
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Different kinds of specificity across languages
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    Keywords: Comparative linguistics ; Semantics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Linguistics ; Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Comparative linguistics ; Semantics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Definiteness (Linguistics) ; Semantics ; Konferenzschrift 2007 ; Definitheit ; Kontrastive Semantik
    Abstract: This anthology of papers analyzes a range of specificity markers found in natural languages. It reflects the fact that despite intensive research into these markers, the vast differences between the markers across languages and even within single languages have been less acknowledged. Commonly regarded specific indefinites are by no means a homogenous class, and so this volume fills a gap in our understanding of the semantics and pragmatics of indefinites. The papers explore differences and similarities among these specificity markers, concentrating on the following issues: whether specificity is a purely semantic or also a pragmatic notion; whether the contribution of specificity markers is located on the level of the at-issue content; whether some kind of speaker-listener asymmetry concerning the identification of the referent is involved; and the behavioral scope of these indefinites in the context of other quantifiers, negation, attitude verbs, and intensional/modal operators
    Abstract: This anthology of papers analyzes a range of specificity markers found in natural languages. It reflects the fact that despite intensive research into these markers, the vast differences between the markers across languages and even within single languages have been less acknowledged. Commonly regarded specific indefinites are by no means a homogenous class, and so this volume fills a gap in our understanding of the semantics and pragmatics of indefinites.The papers explore differences and similarities among these specificity markers, concentrating on the following issues: whether specificity is a purely semantic or also a pragmatic notion; whether the contribution of specificity markers is located on the level of the at-issue content; whether some kind of speaker-listener asymmetry concerning the identification of the referent is involved; and the behavioral scope of these indefinites in the context of other quantifiers, negation, attitude verbs, and intensional/modal operators.
    Description / Table of Contents: Different Kinds of Specificity Across Languages; Contents; Contributors; Chapter 1: Introduction; References; Chapter 2: Specificity Markers and Nominal Exclamatives in French; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Un N Précis Versus un N; 2.2.1 An Anti-singleton Indefinite; 2.2.2 A Selective Indefinite; 2.2.3 Background and Scope; 2.3 Un Certain N Versus un N (Précis); 2.3.1 Un Certain N And un N Précis; 2.3.2 Un Certain N Versus un N; 2.3.2.1 The Uses of un Certain N; 2.3.2.2 The Evidential Value of un Certain N; 2.3.3 Intermediate Conclusion; 2.4 The Puzzle of Exclamative Nominal Sentences
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.4.1 The Guise of the Surprise2.4.2 A Temporal Conflict; 2.4.3 Some Speculations About Evaluative Items; 2.5 Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: The Interpretation of the German Specificity Markers Bestimmt and Gewiss; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 The Syntax of Bestimmt and Gewiss; 3.3 Semantic Differences Between Bestimmt and Gewiss; 3.3.1 Identifiability; 3.3.2 The Scope-Taking Behaviour of `Bestimmt' and `Gewiss'; 3.3.2.1 Negation; 3.3.2.2 Nominal Quantifiers; 3.3.2.3 Conditionals; 3.3.2.4 Intensional Operators; 3.4 A Comparison to Other Specificity Markers; 3.5 A Formal Analysis
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.5.1 Technicalities: Concealed Questions Under Cover3.5.2 The Meaning of `Bestimmt'; 3.5.2.1 Pragmatic Issues; 3.5.2.2 Identifiability; 3.5.2.3 Scope: Nominal Quantifiers; 3.5.2.4 Scope: Negation; 3.5.2.5 Scope: Intensional Operators and Conditionals; 3.5.3 Technicalities: Conventional Implicatures; 3.5.4 The Meaning of `Gewiss'; 3.6 Conclusion; References; Chapter 4: Pragmatic Variation Among Specificity Markers; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Specificity Marking in English and Russian; 4.3 Felicity Conditions on Specificity; 4.3.1 ThisR-Indefinites and Noteworthiness
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.3.2 OdinR-Indefinites and Identifiability4.3.3 Felicity Conditions: Noteworthiness vs. Identifiability; 4.3.4 Shades of Identifiability; 4.3.5 Crosslinguistic Evidence; 4.4 Anti-uniqueness; 4.4.1 A Possible Answer: Maximize Presupposition; 4.4.2 Deriving the Anti-uniqueness Effects on OdinR; 4.5 Possessive Constructions; 4.5.1 Types of Possessive Constructions in Russian; 4.5.2 Possessive Constructions and Specificity in Russian; 4.5.3 The Puzzle; 4.6 Conclusion and Further Questions; References; Chapter 5: Certain Presuppositions and Some Intermediate Readings, and Vice Versa
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.1 Introduction5.2 Choice Functions and Intermediate Readings; 5.2.1 Wide-Scope Indefinites and Choice Functions; 5.2.2 Existential Closure versus Choice Functions from Context; 5.3 Different Kinds of Exceptional Scope: A Certain and Some; 5.4 The Meaning for Some and a Presuppositional Explanation of Schwarz's Generalization; 5.5 Presuppositions of a Certain; 5.6 Conclusion; References; Chapter 6: Exceptional Scope: The Case of Spanish; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Domain Restriction and Exceptional Scope: Un vs. Algún; 6.2.1 Singleton Indefinites; 6.2.2 Un vs. Algún
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.2.3 Testing the Prediction: Un vs. Algún in Relative Clauses and Conditionals
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  • 11
    ISBN: 9789400753075
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 196 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Muslims in Global Societies Series 5
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Religion and education ; History ; Migration ; Education ; Education ; Religion and education ; History ; Migration ; Judenvernichtung ; Muslim ; Einstellung ; Soziale Wahrnehmung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: The way people think about the Holocaust is changing. The particular nature of the transformation depends on people's historical perspectives and how they position themselves and their nation or community vis-à-vis the tragedy. Understandably, European Muslims perceive the Holocaust as less central to their history than do other Europeans. Yet while the acknowledgement and commemoration of the horrors of the Holocaust are increasingly important in Europe, Holocaust denial and biased views on the Holocaust are widespread in European Muslims' countries of origin. In this book, a number of distinguished scholars and educators of various backgrounds discuss views of the Holocaust. Problematic views are often influenced by a persistent attitude of Holocaust denial which is derived, in part, from discourses in the Muslim communities in their countries of origin. The essays collected here explore the backgrounds of these perceptions and highlight positive approaches and developments. Many of the contributions were written by people working in the field and reflecting on their experiences. This collection also reveals that problematic views of the Holocaust are not limited to Muslim communities
    Abstract: The way people think about the Holocaust is changing. The particular nature of the transformation depends on people’s historical perspectives and how they position themselves and their nation or community vis-à-vis the tragedy. Understandably, European Muslims perceive the Holocaust as less central to their history than do other Europeans. Yet while the acknowledgement and commemoration of the horrors of the Holocaust are increasingly important in Europe, Holocaust denial and biased views on the Holocaust are widespread in European Muslims’ countries of origin.In this book, a number of distinguished scholars and educators of various backgrounds discuss views of the Holocaust. Problematic views are often influenced by a persistent attitude of Holocaust denial which is derived, in part, from discourses in the Muslim communities in their countries of origin. The essays collected here explore the backgrounds of these perceptions and highlight positive approaches and developments. Many of the contributions were written by people working in the field and reflecting on their experiences. This collection also reveals that problematic views of the Holocaust are not limited to Muslim communities.
    Description / Table of Contents: Perceptions of the Holocaust in Europe and Muslim Communities; Acknowledgements; Contents; Introduction; References; History Aside?; Antisemitism and Holocaust Remembrance; References; Participation of European Muslim Organisations in Holocaust Commemorations; Introduction; International Commemoration; Muslim Reactions to Holocaust Commemoration; Muslim Leaders Address the Holocaust; Teaching the Holocaust; Assessment; References; The Evolution of Arab Perceptions of the Holocaust; From the End of WWII to the Establishment of Israel
    Description / Table of Contents: The Evolution of the Major Themes of Holocaust RepresentationCritical Voices in a Promising Era of a Peace Process; The Counter Reaction to the New Discourse; Conclusions; References; Perceptions of the Holocaust in Turkey; 'Positive' Perceptions of the Holocaust; The Armenian Genocide and the Holocaust; The 'Turkish Diplomats Who Saved Turkish Jews'; Negative Perceptions; "The Palestine Question and Genocide"; Holocaust Denial; Hollywood and Films Dealing with the Holocaust; The American Media and Holocaust; Conclusion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Antisemitism and the Politics of Holocaust Memorial Day in the UK and ItalyIntroduction; Survivors, Perpetrators, Bystanders; Universalism and Particularism; Responses from Muslim Organisations; Criticising Holocaust Memorial Day; On Holocaust Memorial Day; Rearticulating Antisemitism; References; ' Hamas, Hamas, All Jews to the Gas.' The History and Significance of an Antisemitic Slogan in the Netherlands, 1945-2010; Introduction; Globalisation of the Israeli-Palestinian Con fl ict; Antisemitism in the Netherlands After the Liberation; Secondary Antisemitism
    Description / Table of Contents: Philosemitism, Anti-Antisemitism and Red (Jews) NosesFootball Hooliganism; Jews as Nazis; New Dutch and the Shoah; Conclusion; References; Perceptions of the Holocaust Among Young Muslims in Berlin, Paris and London; Introduction; Shared Basic Knowledge of the Holocaust; Sources of Knowledge; Doubts, Denial and Conspiracies About the Holocaust; Comparing the Holocaust to Other Atrocities; Equating the Sufferings of Palestinians with the Holocaust; The Topos of Jews Taking Revenge for the Holocaust with the Palestinians
    Description / Table of Contents: Analogies Between the Holocaust and the War in Iraq and Equations of the US-President with HitlerAnalogies Between the Holocaust and Persecution of Muslims; Explicitly Rejecting Antisemitic Equations; The Holocaust and the Creation of the State of Israel; German Guilt and Compensation Payments; Moral Judgements and Emotional Reactions to the Holocaust; Condemnations of the Holocaust; Condemning the Holocaust with Restrictions: Accusations of Exploitation and Emotional Distance; Empathy; Approval of the Holocaust and Common Ground with Nazis; Conclusions; References
    Description / Table of Contents: History and Memory of the Other: An Experimental Encounter-Programme with Israeli Jews and Palestinians from Israel 1
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction, J. Allouche-Benayoun, G. Jikeli -- History aside?- Juliane Wetzel: Antisemitism and Holocaust Remembrance, G. Bensoussan -- Participation of European Muslim Organisations in Holocaust Commemorations, M. Whine -- The Evolution of Arab Perceptions of the Holocaust, E. Webman -- Perceptions of the Holocaust in Turkey, R.N. Bali -- Anti-Semitism and the Politics of Holocaust Memorial Day in the UK and Italy, P. Spencer, S.V. di Palma -- ‘Hamas, Hamas, all Jews to the Gas.’ The History and Significance of an Antisemitic Slogan in the Netherlands, 1945-2010, E. Gans -- Perceptions of the Holocaust among young Muslims in Berlin, Paris and London, G. Jikeli -- History and Memory of the Other: An Experimental Encounter-Program with Israeli Jews and Palestinians from Israel, M. Eckmann -- Speach Acts. Observing Antisemitism and Holocaust Education in the Netherlandsm R. Ensel, A. Stremmelaar -- Challenges and Opportunities of Educational Concepts concerning National Socialist Crimes in German Immigration Society, M. Can, K. Georg and R. Hatlapa.
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9789400744646
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 156 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 29
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Frápolli, María José, 1960 - The nature of truth
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Pragmatism ; Semantics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Pragmatism ; Semantics ; Truth ; Wahrheit ; Wahrheit
    Abstract: The book offers a characterization of the meaning and role of the notion of truth in natural languages and an explanation of why, in spite of the big amount of proposals about truth, this task has proved to be resistant to the different analyses. The general thesis of the book is that defining truth is perfectly possible and that the average educated philosopher of language has the tools to do it. The book offers an updated treatment of the meaning of truth ascriptions from taking into account the latest views in philosophy of language and linguistics.
    Abstract: The wealth of proposals about truth and its meaning in natural languages everywhere should open it to analysis and definition, but this book makes the startlingly rare assertion that we can define truth using the latest methods in linguistics and philosophy
    Description / Table of Contents: The Nature of Truth; Acknowledgements; Contents; Chapter 1: Some Preliminary Issues; 1.1 The General Purpose; 1.2 Some Features of the Proposal; 1.3 Required Philosophical Assumptions; 1.4 The Content of a Theory of Truth; 1.5 The Pragmatist Ingredient; 1.6 The Structure of the Book; Chapter 2: Syntax: Playing with Building Blocks; 2.1 Does Syntax Matter?; 2.2 The Truth Predicate; 2.3 The Truth Operator; 2.4 Truth and Identity; 2.5 Adverbs, Adjectives and Nouns; Chapter 3: The Meaning and Content of Truth Ascriptions; 3.1 The Distinction; 3.2 Kinds of Proforms; 3.3 Truth-Ascriptions
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.4 A Classification of Truth-Ascriptions3.5 Special Semantic Tasks; Chapter 4: What Do We Do with Truth Ascriptions?; 4.1 Pragmatics and Semantics; 4.2 Assertions; 4.3 Expressivism; 4.4 Particular Pragmatic Functions; Chapter 5: The Liar Paradox (And Other Logico-Semantic Issues); 5.1 Is There a Liar Paradox?; 5.2 Truth Bearers; 5.3 Logical Form; 5.4 The Paradox; Chapter 6: What Do You Mean by "Redundancy"?; 6.1 R amsey's View; 6.2 Redundancy, of What?; 6.3 Syntactic Redundancy; 6.4 Semantic Redundancy; 6.5 Pragmatic Redundancy; Chapter 7: Obvious Answers for Ready-Made Objections
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.1 Standard Objections7.2 The Epistemic Objections; 7.2.1 Definitions vs. Criteria; 7.2.2 The Causal Effect of Truth; 7.3 The Logical Objection; 7.4 The Semantic Objection; 7.5 Mathematical Truth and Other Metaphors; References; Index;
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400759343
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 240 p. 5 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 119
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Virtuous thoughts
    DDC: 191
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Sosa, Ernest 1940- ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Ethik
    Abstract: This collection is a major contribution to the understanding and evaluation of Ernest Sosa’s profound and wide-ranging philosophy, in epistemology and beyond. A balanced, fair and critical volume, it offers a sensitive appreciation of his wide philosophical purview, a nuanced assessment of the detail of his thought, and a spur to exploring the linkages between the varied topics explored by the subtle mind of this great American scholar.The papers explore a wealth of Sosa’s academic interests, including his work on philosophical method, the philosophy of mind and language, metaphysics, and value theory, in addition to his output on epistemology itself. It offers, for example, a rebuttal of the counterarguments to Sosa’s reliabilist theory of introspective justification, which itself concludes with some objections to Sosa’s stated views on the ‘speckled hen’ problem. Other authors track the connections of his virtue theory to his advocacy of bi-level epistemology, provide reflections on Sosa’s views on the epistemological tradition, and examine the nexus of his beliefs on intuition and philosophical methodology. This volume is an insightful reckoning of Sosa’s academic account
    Description / Table of Contents: Virtuous Thoughts: The Philosophy of Ernest Sosa; Preface; Contents; Contributors; Chapter 1: Virtue, Intuition, and Philosophical Methodology; 1 The Role of Intuitions in the Epistemology of Philosophy; 1.1 What Are Intuitions?; 1.2 Perceptual Models; 1.3 Factive Models; 1.4 Competence Models; 1.5 Mistaken Intuitions Justifying; 1.6 Virtue Without Intuition?; 2 Challenges to Intuition; 2.1 Calibration; 2.2 Experimentalist Critiques; 2.3 Do Survey Results Reflect Disagreement?; 2.4 Defeaters; 2.5 Arbitrariness; Bibliography; Chapter 2: Objective Value and Requirements; 1; 2; 3; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 3: Realism and Relativism1 Introduction; 2 Four Forms of Realism; 2.1 The External World; 2.2 Supervenient Things; 2.3 Subjects; 2.4 Value; 3 Motivations and Prospects for Realism and Relativism; 3.1 Seeking Viae Mediae; 3.2 Realist Relativism?; 3.3 The Epistemology of Our Commitment to Realism; 3.4 Toward an Ethical Approach to Metaphysics; Bibliography; Chapter 4: The Metaphysics of Persons; 1 Personal Identity; 2 The Nature of Persons; 3 Are Cartesian Souls Intelligible?; 4 Is Dualistic Interaction Possible?; 5 The Explosion of Reality; Bibliography
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 5: Self-Conception: Sosa on De Se Thought1 The Problem of De Re Thought; 2 Sosa's Account of De Se Thoughts; 3 The Token-Reflexive Account of De Se Thoughts; 4 De Se Thoughts and Immunity to Error Through Misidentification; References; Chapter 6: Introspective Justification and the Fineness of Grain of Experience; 1 The Problem of the Speckled Hen; 2 Challenging the Same Experience Assumption: Fumerton's Proposals; 2.1 An Indeterminate Number of Speckles? Fineness of Grain Revisited; 2.2 Fumerton's Acquaintance with Determinables as a Solution; 2.3 Attention as a Solution
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.4 Awareness of Correspondence3 Challenging the Same Concepts and Different Justification Assumptions: Feldman's Proposal; 3.1 Kinds of Concepts and Feldman's Inferentialism; 3.2 Inferentialism Versus Sosa's Theory; 4 Conclusion; Bibliography; Chapter 7: Truth and Epistemology; 1 Sosa on the Nature of Truth; 2 Sosa on the Role of Truth in Epistemology; References; Chapter 8: Bi-Level Virtue Epistemology; 1 Foundationalism and Coherentism; 2 Internalism and Externalism; 3 Knowledge, Performance and Safety; 4 Meta-Aptness and Knowing Full Well; 5 Conclusion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 9: Safety and Epistemic Frankfurt Cases1 The Problems with Sensitivity; 2 Sosa on Safety; 3 Epistemic Frankfurt Cases; 4 Conclusion; References; Chapter 10: Reflective Knowledge and the Pyrrhonian Problematic; 1 The Pyrrhonian Problematic; 2 Reflective Knowledge; 3 Reflective Knowledge and the Pyrrhonian Problematic; 4 Evaluation; References; Chapter 11: The Virtues of Testimony; 1 Testimonial Knowledge and Sosa's General Epistemology; 2 Sosa on the Nature of Testimony; 3 Sosa on Testimonial Knowledge; 4 Conclusion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 12: Historical Reflections: Sosa's Perspective on the Epistemological Tradition
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Virtue, Intuition and Philosophical Methodology; Jonathan Jenkins Ichikawa -- Objective Value and Requirements; Noah Lemos -- Realism and Relativism; Allan Hazlett -- The Metaphysics of Persons; Gary Rosenkrantz -- Self-Conception: Sosa on De Se Thought;  Manuel García-Carpintero -- Introspective Justification and the Fineness of Grain of Experience: Sosa on Specked Hens; Michael Pace -- Truth and Epistemology; Matt McGrath and Jeremy Fantl -- Bi-Level Virtue Epistemology; John Turri -- Safety and Epistemic Frankfurt Cases; Juan Comesaña.- Reflective Knowledge and the Pyrrhonian Problematic; John Greco -- The Virtues of Testimony; Jennifer Lackey -- Historical Reflections: Sosa’s Perspective on the Epistemological Tradition; Baron Reed -- Appendix.
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9789400754584
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 257 p. 1 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Linguistics Philosophy ; Sign language ; Developmental psychology ; Law ; Law ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Sign language ; Developmental psychology
    Abstract: This book present a structure for understanding and exploring the semiotic character of law and law systems. Cultivating a deep understanding for the ways in which lawyers make meaning-the way in which they help make the world and are made, in turn by the world they create -can provide a basis for consciously engaging in the work of the law and in the production of meaning. The book first introduces the reader to the idea of semiotics in general and legal semiotics in particular, as well as to the major actors and shapers of the field, and to the heart of the matter: signs. The second part studies the development of the strains of thinking that together now define semiotics, with attention being paid to the pragmatics, psychology and language of legal semiotics. A third part examines the link between legal theory and semiotics, the practice of law, the critical legal studies movement in the USA, the semiotics of politics and structuralism. The last part of the book ties the different strands of legal semiotics together, and closely looks at semiotics in the lawyer’s toolkit-such as: text, name and meaning. ​
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Contents; Part I Face-to-Face with Legal Semiotics; Chapter 1 Semiotics: A Fresh Start for Law; Semiotics; Legal Semiotics; Semiotics and Communication; Roberta Kevelson; Jourdain's Bewilderment; Study Semiotics and Law; Chapter 2 Signs, and Signs in Law; What is a Sign?; Communication; Culture, Law and Medicine; Signs, Symptoms, Names; Signs Merge Law and Semiotics; Community; The Cf. Citation as a Sign; General Considerations; Part II Godfathers of Semiotics; Chapter 3 Peirce and Legal Semiotics; Peirce Elucidates Legal Language; Peirce's Philosophical Texts
    Description / Table of Contents: From Philosophy to Semiotics to LawReading Peirce; Why Lawyers Read Peirce; Peirce Foundational for Law; The General and the Particular; Chapter 4 Greimas, Law, Discourse and Interpretative Squares: The Precursor De Saussure; The Precursor: De Saussure; The Language Circuit in Operation; The Arbitrary Character of a Sign; Differences and Other Relations; Chapter 5 Greimas, Law, Discourse and InterpretativeSquares: An Author, his Squares and LegalDiscourse Analysis; Squares and Discourse Analysis; Law and Greimas Squares; Semiotic Constraints; The Structure of Semiotic Systems
    Description / Table of Contents: Series of SquaresA Legal Discourse Semiotically Analyzed; Law as a Text; Greimas and Peirce; Chapter 6 Lacan: The Semiotics of Law's Voices; The `délire à deux': a Challenge to Lawyers; An Appeal to Language; Narcissus' Ego and Me; Das Ich muß entwickelt werden; The Ethics of Signifying; Language - Identity - Reference; Master Signifiers, Master Discourses; Chapter 7 Those Three Godfathers, After All; Godfathers and the Law; Law's Order, Semiotic Path; Meaning Making; Part III Jurisprudence and Legal Semiotics; Chapter 8 Legal Theory and Semiotics: On The Origins of Legal Semiotics
    Description / Table of Contents: Semiotics and SignificsJacob Israel de Haan; Legal Significs; Language; Discourse Levels; Significs and Jurisprudence; Chapter 9 Legal Theory and Semiotics: Semiotics, Theory and Practice of Law; Semiotics and Legal Theory; Semiotics and Legal Interpretation; Two Legal Semiotic Traditions; Semiotics and Legal Practices; Faces in Legal Relations; Names; Faces Function Linguistically; Faces of Justice; Application, Analysis/Assemblage, Engineering; The Critical Approach; The CLS themes; Chapter 10 Legal Theory and Semiotics: The Legal Semiotics Critical Approach
    Description / Table of Contents: The Critical Approach and Semiotic PerspectivesPolitics and the Semiotic Approach; A Lawyer's Words and their Meaning; Chapter 11 Politics, Semiotics and Law: Self and State; Self and State, State and Self; Self and Harmony; Kant and the Semiotics of the Self; The Semiotics of the Magnus Homo I: Figures, Images; The Semiotics of the Magnus Homo II: Legal Language; The Semiotics of the State; Individual, State, and the Semiotics of Anarchy; Individual, State, and Personhood; Chapter 12 Politics, Semiotics and Law: Person and Thing; Persons and Things; Citizens United Unveiled
    Description / Table of Contents: Facts in/of Citizens United
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents -- Preface -- Part I Face-To-Face With Legal Semiotics -- 1.Semiotics: A Fresh  Start For Law -- 2.Signs, and Signs in Law -- Part II Godfathers of Semiotics -- 3. Peirce and Legal Semiotics -- 4. Greimas, Law, Discourse and Interpretative Squares -- 5.Lacan: The Semiotics of Law's Voices. - 6.Those Three Godfathers, After All -- Part III   Jurisprudence and Legal Semiotics -- 7. Legal Theory And Semiotics -- 8.  Politics, Semiotics and Law -- 9. Structuralism and Legal Semiotics -- Part IV   Doing and Saying Legal Semiotics -- 10. The Legal Semiotic Modus Operandi -- 11. Artificiality and Naturalness: The Tyche Deity -- 12. A Vocabulary -- 13.  A Bibliography -- 14. Name Index -- 15. Subject Index.​.
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400753518 , 1283936070 , 9781283936071
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 315 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 298
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Agassi, Joseph, 1927 - 2023 The very idea of modern science
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science ; Europe ; History ; 16th century ; Science ; Europe ; History ; 17th century ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie ; Citizen Science ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie ; Citizen Science
    Abstract: This book is a study of the scientific revolution as a movement of amateur science. It describes the ideology of the amateur scientific societies as the philosophy of the Enlightenment Movement and their social structure and the way they made modern science such a magnificent institution. It also shows what was missing in the scientific organization of science and why it gave way to professional science in stages. In particular the book studies the contributions of Sir Francis Bacon and of the Hon. Robert Boyle to the rise of modern science. The philosophy of induction is notoriously problematic, yet its great asset is that it expressed the view of the Enlightenment Movement about science. This explains the ambivalence that we still exhibit towards Sir Francis Bacon whose radicalism and vision of pure and applied science still a major aspect of the fabric of society. Finally, the book discusses Boyle’s philosophy, his agreement with and dissent from Bacon and the way he single-handedly trained a crowd of poorly educated English aristocrats and rendered them into an army of able amateur researchers.​
    Description / Table of Contents: The Very Idea of ModernScience; Abstract; Preface; Acknowledgement; Contents; Part I: Bacons Doctrine of Prejudice (A Study in a Renaissance Religion); Introductory Note; Chapter 1: The Riddle of Bacon; 1.1 The Problem of Methodology; 1.2 The Criticism of Bacon's Writings; 1.3 The Past Suggested Solutions; Chapter 2: Bacon's Philosophy of Discovery; 2.1 Bacon's Utopianism; 2.2 Bacon's Metaphysics; 2.3 Bacon's Induction; 2.4 Bacon's Inductive Machine; Chapter 3: Ellis' Major Difficulty; Chapter 4: The Function of the Doctrine of Prejudice; 4.1 Radicalism; 4.2 Radicalism Invented
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.3 Radical MethodologyChapter 5: Bacon on the Origin of Error and Prejudice; Chapter 6: Prejudices of the Senses; 6.1 The Problem of Observation; 6.2 Prejudices of the Senses; 6.3 Bacon's Theory of Discovery; 6.4 Whewell's Theory of Discovery; 6.5 Popper's Theory of Discovery; 6.6 Bacon's "Mark" of Science; Chapter 7: Prejudices of Opinions; 7.1 Suspension of Judgment; 7.2 What Is a Prejudice?; 7.3 Bacon and the Logical Empiricists; 7.4 Bacon's Double Game; 7.5 The Origin of Scientific Theories; 7.6 Science and Imagination; Chapter 8: Bacon's Influence; 8.1 Influence on Immediate Posterity
    Description / Table of Contents: 8.2 Permission to Propose a Hypothesis and to Assert Metaphysics8.3 Permission De Jure and de Facto; 8.4 Legitimation Versus Criticism; 8.5 Bacon's Influence; Chapter 9: Conclusion : The Rise of the Riddle of Bacon; Part II: The Religion of Inductivism as a Living Force; Quasi-Terminological Notes; "The Inductive Style"; "Speculation" and "Hypothesis"; "Hypothesis" and "Fact"; On the Recent Literature; Homage to Robert Boyle; Chapter 10: Philosophical Background; 10.1 Inductivism Classical and Modern; 10.2 Metaphysical Views, Classical and Modern; 10.3 The Doctrine of Prejudice
    Description / Table of Contents: 10.4 The Moral Code of the Fraternity10.5 Conclusion; Chapter 11: The Social Background of Classical Science; 11.1 Researchers as Amateurs; 11.2 Researchers as Experts; 11.3 Researchers as Inventors; 11.4 Researchers as Dilettantes; Chapter 12: The Missing Link Between Bacon and the Royal Society; 12.1 The Rise of the Royal Society; 12.2 Boyle's Spirit; 12.3 Boyle's Views on the Spread of Science; Chapter 13: Boyle in the Eyes of Posterity; 13.1 The Eighteenth Century; 13.2 Herschel's Unfair Comment; 13.3 Who Discovered Boyle's Law?; 13.4 Modern Views on Boyle; 13.5 Conclusion
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 14: The Inductive Style14.1 The Discussion of Style; 14.2 The Inductive Style Versus the Argumentative Style; 14.3 Reporting on Experiments and Writing Systems; 14.4 Boyle on some Systems; 14.5 Thinking and Experimenting; 14.6 The Inductive Style; 14.7 Encyclopedia of Facts or a Just History of Nature; 14.8 Boyle's Promiscuous Experiments; 14.9 Boyle on Attempts to Create some Theories; 14.10 Methodological Tolerance; 14.11 The Usefulness of Hypotheses; 14.12 Civilized Argument; 14.13 Boyle on the Method of Quoting; 14.14 Circumstantial Descriptions A: The Problem
    Description / Table of Contents: 14.15 Circumstantial Descriptions B: Recent Solutions
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Acknowledgement -- PART I: BACONS DOCTRINE OF PREJUDICE -- (A study in a Renaissance Religion) Introductory Note -- I The Riddle of Bacon -- (1)  The Problem of Methodology -- (2)    II Bacon’s Philosophy of Discovery -- III Ellis’ Major Difficulty -- IV The Function of the Doctrine of Prejudice -- V Bacon on the origin of error and prejudice -- VI Prejudices of the Senses -- VII Prejudices of Opinions -- VIII Bacon’s Influence -- IX Conclusion: The rise of the commonwealth of learning -- PART II: A RELIGION OF INDUCTIVISM AS A LIVING FORCE -- A Quasi-Terminological Note -- On the recent literature -- Homage to Robert Boyle -- I Background Material -- II The social background of classical science -- III The Missing Link between Bacon and the Royal Society of London -- IV Boyle in the Eyes of Posterity -- V The Inductive Style -- VI Mechanism -- VII The new doctrine of prejudice -- Appendices. ​.
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9789400757219
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 258 p. 135 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 31
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Meskens, Ad, 1962 - Practical mathematics in a commercial metropolis
    RVK:
    Keywords: Science History ; Architecture ; Science, general ; Science History ; Architecture ; Coignet, Michel, 1549-1623 ; Heyns, Peeter, 1537-1598 ; Mathematics ; Belgium ; Antwerp ; History ; 16th century ; Angewandte Mathematik ; Geschichte
    Abstract: Describes the development and the ultimate demise of the practice of mathematics in sixteenth century Antwerp. Against the background of the violent history of the Religious Wars the story of the practice of mathematics in Antwerp is told through the lives of two protagonists Michiel Coignet and Peeter Heyns. The book touches on all aspects of practical mathematics from teaching and instrument making to the practice of building fortifications of the practice of navigation.?
    Abstract: This volumedescribes the development and the ultimate demise of the practice of mathematics in sixteenth century Antwerp. Against the background of the violent history of the Religious Wars the story of the practice of mathematics in Antwerp is told through the lives of two protagonists Michiel Coignet and Peeter Heyns. The book touches on all aspects of practical mathematics from teaching and instrument making to the practice of building fortifications of the practice of navigation.​
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Preface -- 2 Introduction -- 3 The Family Coignet -- 4 Peeter Heyns and the Nymphs of the Laurel Tree -- 5 The Arithmetic Teacher and his School -- 6 The Antwerp arithmetic books -- 7 Winegauging -- 8 Instrumentmakers -- 9 The Art of Navigation -- 10 Mapping the World -- 11 Looking towards the Stars -- 12 Ballistics and fortifications -- 13 Conclusion -- Appendices -- Index.​.
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9789048190720 , 1283633604 , 9781283633604
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 247 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Quality of Life in Asia 1
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Inoguchi, Takashi, 1944 - The quality of life in Asia
    DDC: 306.095090511
    RVK:
    Keywords: Lebensqualität ; Zufriedenheit ; Lebensstil ; Vergleich ; Asien ; Social sciences ; Quality of Life ; Regional economics ; Social policy ; Quality of Life Research ; Social Sciences ; Social sciences ; Quality of Life ; Regional economics ; Social policy ; Quality of Life Research ; Quality of life ; United States ; History ; 21st century ; Asien ; Lebensqualität ; Asien ; Lebensqualität
    Abstract: This book studies and compares quality of life in 29 countries/societies in Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Korea(South), Laos, Malaysia, Maldives, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, the Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Thailand, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Vietnam. We utilize the AsiaBarometer Surveys conducted annually from 2003 through 2008. We focus on the notion of subjective quality of life and conceptualize it as two levels, global and domain. After we explain about the AsiaBarometer Survey Project, we explore current country profile, demographics, lifestyles, value priorities, specific life domain assessment and overall quality of life. We then estimate the independent effects of demographics, lifestyles, value priorities, life domain assessment on the overall quality of life within each society. As well as comparing the results between nations, we look for key generalized characteristics of life quality for the entire and sub-regions of Asia.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Quality of Life in Asia; Synoptic Outline; Acknowledgements; Contents; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1.1 Asia: Enormous Diversity; 1.2 Asia: Why Is Quality of Life in Asia Important to Examine?; 1.3 The Notion of Quality of Life and Research Design; 1.4 Organization; References; Chapter 2: The AsiaBarometer Survey Project; 2.1 Its Aim and Trust; 2.1.1 Introduction; 2.1.2 Rationale and Promises of the AsiaBarometer; 2.1.2.1 Knowledge Begets Prosperity; 2.1.2.2 Knowledge Engenders Stability; 2.1.2.3 Contribution to Scholarship; 2.1.3 Principles of Questionnaire Formulation
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1.3.1 Minimum Unobtrusiveness2.1.3.2 Minimum Oddness; 2.1.3.3 Most Similar and Most Dissimilar Systems Comparisons; 2.1.4 Four Distinctive Clusters of Questions; 2.1.4.1 Daily Lives of Ordinary People; 2.1.4.2 Perceptions and Assessments of Their Lives; 2.1.4.3 From Relationships of Their Lives to Larger Social Entities; 2.1.4.4 Norms, Beliefs, Value Preferences, and Actions; 2.1.5 Harvesting the AsiaBarometer Survey; 2.1.6 Gauging Developmental, Democratic, and Regionalizing Potentials; 2.2 Methodology; 2.2.1 Countries/Societies; 2.2.2 Sampling Methods of the AsiaBarometer Survey
    Description / Table of Contents: ReferencesChapter 3: Overall Quality of Life in Asia; 3.1 Levels of Happiness; 3.2 Levels of Enjoyment; 3.3 Levels of Achievement; Reference; Chapter 4: Satisfaction Levels with Specific Life Domains; 4.1 Materialist Life Sphere; 4.1.1 Housing; 4.1.2 Standard of Living; 4.1.3 Household Income; 4.1.4 Health; 4.1.5 Education; 4.1.6 Job; 4.2 Post-materialist Life Sphere; 4.2.1 Friendships; 4.2.2 Marriage; 4.2.3 Neighbors; 4.2.4 Family Life; 4.2.5 Leisure; 4.2.6 Spiritual Life; 4.3 Public Sphere of Life; 4.3.1 Public Safety; 4.3.2 The Condition of the Environment; 4.3.3 Social Welfare System
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.3.4 The Democratic System4.4 Patterns of Life Domain Satisfactions by Society; 4.5 Distinguishing Life Sphere of Domain Satisfactions in Each Country and Society; 4.5.1 East Asia; 4.5.1.1 China; 4.5.1.2 Hong Kong; 4.5.1.3 Japan; 4.5.1.4 South Korea; 4.5.1.5 Taiwan; 4.5.2 Southeast Asia; 4.5.2.1 Brunei; 4.5.2.2 Cambodia; 4.5.2.3 Indonesia; 4.5.2.4 Laos; 4.5.2.5 Malaysia; 4.5.2.6 Myanmar; 4.5.2.7 The Philippines; 4.5.2.8 Singapore; 4.5.2.9 Thailand; 4.5.2.10 Vietnam; 4.5.3 South Asia; 4.5.3.1 Bangladesh; 4.5.3.2 Bhutan; 4.5.3.3 India; 4.5.3.4 The Maldives; 4.5.3.5 Nepal; 4.5.3.6 Pakistan
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.5.3.7 Sri Lanka4.5.4 Central Asia; 4.5.4.1 Afghanistan; 4.5.4.2 Kazakhstan; 4.5.4.3 Kyrgyzstan; 4.5.4.4 Mongolia; 4.5.4.5 Tajikistan; 4.5.4.6 Uzbekistan; 4.5.5 Types of Countries (Societies) Based on Factor Analyses; References; Chapter 5: Lifestyles; 5.1 Modern Life; 5.2 Digital Life; 5.3 Religious Life; 5.4 Global Life; 5.5 Political Life; 5.6 Family Life; 5.7 Self-Assessments of Relative Standard of Living; References; Chapter 6: Value Priorities; Chapter 7: Determinants of Overall Quality of Life; 7.1 Dependent Variables; 7.1.1 Happiness; 7.1.2 Enjoyment; 7.1.3 Achievement
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.2 Independent Variables
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400748071
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 313 p. 30 illus., 5 illus. in color) , digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 208
    DDC: 180-190
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: This volume examines the New Science of the 17th century in the context of Baroque culture, analysing its emergence as an integral part of the high culture of the period. The collected essays explore themes common to the new practices of knowledge production and the rapidly changing culture surrounding them, as well as the obsessions, anxieties and aspirations they share, such as the foundations of order, the power and peril of mediation and the conflation of the natural and the artificial. The essays also take on the historiographical issues involved: the characterization of culture in general and culture of knowledge in particular; the use of generalizations like ‘Baroque’ and the status of such categories; and the role of these in untangling the historical complexities of the tumultuous 17th century. The canonical protagonists of the ‘Scientific Revolution’ are considered, and so are some obscure and suppressed figures: Galileo side by side with Scheiner;Torricelli together with Kircher; Newton as well as Scilla.   The coupling of Baroque and Science defies both the still-triumphalist historiographies of the Scientific Revolution and the slight embarrassment that the Baroque represents for most cultural-national histories of Western Europe. It signals a methodological interest in tensions and dilemmas rather than self-affirming narratives of success and failure, and provides an opportunity for reflective critique of our historical categories which is valuable in its own right.
    Description / Table of Contents: Science in the Age of Baroque; Contents; Chapter 1: Baroque Modes and the Production of Knowledge; Introduction: The Great Opposition; The Papers 2 : Shades of Baroque; Conclusion: Dilemmas and Anxieties; Notes; References; Part I: Order; Chapter 2: What Was the Relation of Baroque Culture to the Trajectory of Early Modern Natural Philosophy?; Introduction: Thinking About "Baroque Science"; Constructing the Category of Natural Philosophy-Natural Philosophising as Culture and Process
    Description / Table of Contents: Phases and Stages in the 'Scientific Revolution' Seen as an Unfolding Process in the Field of Natural PhilosophisingThe Dynamics and Rules of Natural Philosophical Contestation During the 'Crisis Within a Crisis' Phase; Articulation on Subordinate Disciplines: Grammar and Specific Utterance; Find or Steal Discoveries, Novelties or Facts, Including Experimental Ones; Bend or Brake Aristotle's Rules About Mathematics and Natural Philosophy: The Gambit of 'Physico-mathematics'; "Hot Spots" of Articulation Contest: Additional Causes and Effects of a Field in Crisis
    Description / Table of Contents: The Mechanics of Responding to 'Outside' Challenges and OpportunitiesRecruitment of Baroque Behaviours, Norms and Identities?; An Additional, Surprising, Conjectural Finding; Conclusion; References; Chapter 3: "Bent and Directed Towards Him": A Stylistic Analysis of Kircher's Sunflower Clock; Kircher's Sunflower Clock Reassessed; The Baroque Style; The Problem of Style; The Baroque Problem; A Stylistic Analysis; Clocks; Magnetism; Sunflowers; A Baroque Instrument; Conclusion; References; Chapter 4: From Divine Order to Human Approximation: Mathematics in Baroque Science; Kepler and Newton
    Description / Table of Contents: Kepler and PerfectionNewton and the Moving Aphelia; Kepler's ISL; The ISL After Kepler; Newton's ISL; Conclusion; References; Part II: Vision; Chapter 5: "The Quality of Nothing:" Shakespearean Mirrors and Kepler's Visual Economy of Science; Introduction; Shakespearean Mirrors and the End of Renaissance Science; Kepler's Astronomical Speculations, Aristotelian Metabasis and Renaissance Imagination; Keplerian Shadows on a Wall; Towards Baroque Modes of Observation; References; Chapter 6: Agostino Scilla: A Baroque Painter in Pursuit of Science; Introduction; The Making of a Learned Painter
    Description / Table of Contents: From Messina to RomeThe Genesis of a Scientific Conversation; Seeing Fossils Like a Painter; References; Chapter 7: What Exactly Was Torricelli's "Barometer?"; Introduction; "Torricelli's Barometer:" The Extant Sources; Rethinking Torricelli's Esperienza of 1644; Torricelli's Mercury Esperienza as Baroque Performance; Conclusion; References; Chapter 8: William Harvey and the Way of the Artisan; Introduction; Harvey's Way of Inquiry; The Problem of Inquiry; The Priority of Experience; The Way of the Artisan; The Particular; Apprenticeship and Experience; Artisans and Trust
    Description / Table of Contents: William Harvey and the Way of the Artisan
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Ofer Gal and Raz Chen Morris: Baroque Modes and the Production of Knowledge -- A. Order -- 2. John Schuster: What Was the Relation of Baroque Culture to the Trajectory of Early Modern Natural Philosophy? -- 3. Koen Vermeir: “Bent And Directed Towards Him:” A Baroque Perspective on Kircher’s Sunflower Clock -- 4. Ofer Gal: From Divine Order to Human Approximation: Mathematics in Baroque Science -- B. Vision -- 5. Raz Chen-Morris: “The Quality of Nothing,” Or Kepler's Visual Economy of Science -- 6. Paula Findlen: Agostino Scilla:  A Baroque Painter in Pursuit of Science -- 7. J.B. Shank: What Exactly Was “Torricelli’s Barometer?” -- 8. Alan Salter: William Harvey and the Way of the Artisan -- C. Excess -- 9. John Gascoigne: Crossing the Pillars of Hercules: Francis Bacon, the Scientific Revolution and the New World -- 10. Nicholas Dew: The Hive and the Pendulum: Universal Metrology and Baroque Science.-11. Victor Boantza: Chymical Philosophy and Boyle’s Incongruous Philosophical Chymistry.-12 Rivka Feldhay: The Simulation of Nature and the Dissimulation of the Law on a Baroque Stage: Galileo and the Church Revisited​.
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9789400750678 , 1299198147 , 9781299198142
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 179 p. 4 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 296
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. The structural links between ecology, evolution and ethics
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Evolution (Biology) ; History ; Congresses ; Ecology ; History ; Congresses ; Environmental ethics ; Congresses ; Konferenzschrift 2005 ; Ökologie ; Evolution ; Ethik ; Bioethik ; Ökologie ; Evolutionsbiologie
    Abstract: Evolutionary biology, ecology and ethics: at first glance, three different objects of research, three different worldviews and three different scientific communities. In reality, there are both structural and historical links between these disciplines. First, some topics are obviously common across the board. Second, the emerging need for environmental policy management has gradually but radically changed the relationship between these disciplines. Over the last decades in particular, there has emerged a need for an interconnecting meta-paradigm that integrates more strictly evolutionary studies, biodiversity studies and the ethical frameworks that are most appropriate for allowing a lasting co-evolution between natural and social systems. Today such a need is more than a mere luxury, it is an epistemological and practical necessity.In short, the authors of this volume address some of the foundational themes that interconnect evolutionary studies, ecology and ethics. Here they have chosen to analyze a topic using one of these specific disciplines as a kind of epistemological platform with specific links to topics from one or both of the remaining disciplines
    Description / Table of Contents: The Structural Linksbetween Ecology, Evolution and Ethics; Acknowledgements; Contents; Contributors; List of Figures; Chapter 1: Ecology, Evolution, Ethics: In Search of a Meta-paradigm - An Introduction; 1.1 Some Landmarks of an Interweaved History of Ecology, Evolution and Ethics; 1.2 Looking for an Epistemic and Practical Meta-paradigm: The Transactional Framework; 1.3 Evolution between Ethics and Creationism; 1.4 Chance and Time between Evolution and Ecology; 1.5 Ethics between Ecology and Evolution; Notes; References; Chapter 2: Evolution Versus Creation: A Sibling Rivalry?
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1 Before The Origin2.2 Charles Darwin; 2.3 The Darwinian Evangelist; 2.4 The Twenty-first Century; References; Chapter 3: Evolution and Chance; 3.1 Three Meanings of the Concept of Chance; 3.1.1 Luck; 3.1.2 Random Events; 3.1.3 Contingency with Respect to a Theoretical System; 3.2 Modalities of Chance in the Biology of Evolution; 3.2.1 Mutation; 3.2.2 Random Genetic Drift; 3.2.3 Genetic Revolution; 3.2.4 The Ecosystem Level; 3.2.5 The Macroevolutionary Level (Paleobiology); 3.2.6 Other Cases; 3.3 Conclusion; Notes; References; Chapter 4: Some Conceptions of Time in Ecology
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.1 Scales of Time4.2 The Chronological Issue; 4.3 Crop Rotation; 4.4 Succession and Equilibrium; 4.5 Irreversibility and Unpredictability; 4.6 Persistence and Anticipation; Notes; References; Chapter 5: Facts, Values, and Analogies: A Darwinian Approach to Environmental Choice; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Naturalism: The Method of Experience; 5.3 An Empirical Hypothesis; 5.4 Scaling and Environmental Problem Formulation; 5.5 Darwin and Environmental Ethics; Note; References; Chapter 6: Towards EcoEvoEthics; 6.1 An Equilibrium World and the Ecosystem Paradigm
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.2 Protection of Nature: The Path to Ecology6.3 Ecocentrism, the Ethical Counterpart of the Ecosystem Paradigm; 6.4 Ecology Meets Evolution: The Co-change Paradigm; 6.5 An Eco-evolutionary Ethics Is Needed; 6.6 Uniqueness, Diversity, and Evolutionary Values; 6.7 Conclusion; Notes; References; Chapter 7: Ecology and Moral Ontology; 7.1 The Superorganism Paradigm in Ecology; 7.2 The Ecosystem Paradigm in Ecology; 7.3 The Rise and Fall of Ecosystems as Superorganisms; 7.4 Organisms as Superecosystems; 7.5 Classical and Recent Expressions of the Organism as Superecosystem Concept
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.6 From a Modern to a Post-modern Moral Ontology7.7 Post-modern Ecological Moral Ontology: Toward an Erotic Ethic; References; Chapter 8: Animal Rights and Environmental Ethics; 8.1 Defining Characteristics of Moral Rights; 8.1.1 ``No Trespassing´´; 8.1.2 Equality; 8.1.3 Trump; 8.1.4 Respect; 8.2 Who Has Moral Rights?; 8.2.1 Subjects-of-a-Life; 8.2.2 Animal Rights; 8.3 A Number of Environmentally-based Objections Have Been Raised Against the Rights View2; 8.3.1 The Rights View and Predator-Prey Relations; 8.3.2 The Rights View and Endangered Species; Notes; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 9: Reconciling Individualist and Deeper Environmentalist Theories? An Exploration
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9789400727892 , 1283935856 , 9781283935852
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 488p. 25 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: CERC Studies in Comparative Education 30
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Portraits of 21st century Chinese universities
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: History ; Humanities ; Education ; Education ; Education Philosophy ; History ; Humanities ; Universities and colleges ; China ; Education, Higher ; China ; College students ; China ; Attitudes ; College teachers ; China ; Attitudes ; College administrators ; China ; Attitudes ; China ; Universität
    Abstract: This book examines the ways in which China’s universities have changed in the dramatic move to a mass stage which has unfolded since the late 1990s. Twelve universities in different regions of the country are portrayed through the eyes of their students, faculty and leaders. The book begins with the national level policy process around the move to mass higher education. This is followed by an analysis of the views of 2,300 students on the 12 campuses about how the changes have affected their learning experiences and civil society involvement. The 12 portraits in the next section are of three comprehensive universities, three education-related universities, three science and technology universities, and three newly emerging private universities. The final chapter sketches the contours of an emerging Chinese model of the university, and explores its connections to China’s longstanding scholarly traditions.
    Description / Table of Contents: Portraits of 21st CenturyChinese Universities:; Contents; List of Abbreviations; List of Figures; List of Tables; List of Photos; Foreword; Introduction and Acknowledgements; Research Design; Portraits of 21st Century Chinese Universities; Part I: Overview and Main Themes; 1 Understanding China's Move to Mass Higher Education from a Policy Perspective; The Expansion and Massification of the Chinese System; The Changing Landscape of the Chinese System; A Decentralized Structure to Support the World's Largest System; Issues of Regional Disparity, Quality & Equality, and Employment
    Description / Table of Contents: Attaching High Value to EducationPursuing Optimal Efficiency and Curricular Integration as the Goal; Scholars Involvement in Strategic Planning and Public Communication; Government Policy Papers Having Legislative Power; Adoption of an Enrollment-Based Financing Mechanism and a FeeCharging Policy; A Systematic Decentralization Pushing the Institutions to Strategically Plan for Their Future; Discussion & Conclusion: Theorizing Patterns of Policy Makingin China; Embracing the Market Economy: An Efficiency-Driven Rationale Emerging
    Description / Table of Contents: "Walking on Two Legs": Quality and Equality Issues Coming to the CenterA Shift in the Policy Formation Model?64 What More Can Scholars Do?; 2 Equity, Institutional Change and Civil Society - The Student Experience in China's Move to Mass Higher Education; Introduction; Higher Education and Civil Society; Universities as Civic Actors; Citizenship and Civil Society; Analytical Frameworks; Methods; Limitations; Results of the Survey; Experiences of Access and Success in Higher Education Access; Affordability; Success
    Description / Table of Contents: Perceptions and Experiences of Institutional Change Feelings toward the changesViews on the role of the expansion in socioeconomic development; Flexibility in the selection of courses or programs; Teaching quality; Institutional internationalization; Political Socialization toward Citizenship and Civil Society Civic knowing and wisdom; Associational life as civic action; The interplay among civic knowing, wisdom and action; Discussion of Findings; Martin Trow's Framework Revisited; Reflections on Equal Opportunity in China's Move to Mass Higher Education
    Description / Table of Contents: Reflections on the Role of Mass Higher Education in Nurturing a Civil SocietyConclusions; Part II: Portraits of Three Public Comprehensive Universities; 3 Peking University - Icon of Cultural Leadership; History and Context; The Imperial University and the Early Republic; Cai Yuanpei and the Spirit of Peking University; Peking University in War-time Circumstances; Ma Yinchu and the Spirit of Peking University; Peking University's Move to Mass Higher Education:An Empirical Overview; Growth in Student Enrollments; Beida's Changing Financial Profile; Curricular Evolution
    Description / Table of Contents: Vision and Strategic Direction
    Description / Table of Contents: List of Abbreviations -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- List of Photos -- Foreword; Robert F. ARNOVE -- Introduction and Acknowledgements; Ruth HAYHOE -- PART I: Overview and Main Themes -- 1. Understanding China’s Move to Mass Higher Education from a Policy Perspective; Qiang ZHA -- 2. Equity, Institutional Change and Civil Society - The Student Experience in China’s Move to Mass Higher Education; Jun LI -- PART II: Portraits of Three Public Comprehensive Universities.- 3. Peking University - Icon of Cultural Leadership; Ruth HAYHOE and Qiang ZHA, with YAN Fengqiao -- 4. Nanjing University - Redeeming the Past by Academic Merit; Jun LI and Jing LIN, with GONG Fang -- 5. Xiamen University - A Southeastern Outlook; Ruth HAYHOE and Qiang ZHA, with XIE Zuxu -- PART III: Portraits of Three Education-Related Universities.- 6. East China Normal University - Education in the Lead; Ruth HAYHOE and Qiang ZHA, with LI Mei -- 7. Southwest University - An Unusual Merger and New Challenges; Jun LI and Jing LIN, with LIU Yibin -- 8. Yanbian University - Building a Niche through a Multicultural Identity; Jing LIN and Jun LI, with PIAO Taizhu -- PART IV: Portraits of Three Science and Technology Universities.- 9. The University of Science and Technology of China - Can the Caltech Model take Root in Chinese Soil?; Qiang ZHA and Jun LI, with CHENG Xiaofang -- 10. Huazhong University of Science and Technology - A Microcosm of New China’s Higher Education; Ruth HAYHOE and Jun LI, with CHEN Min and ZHOU Guangli -- 11. Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University - An Agricultural Multiversity?; Qiang ZHA and Ruth HAYHOE, with NIU Hongtai -- PART V: Portraits of Three Private Universities -- 12. Yellow River University of Science and Technology - Pioneer of Private Higher Education; Ruth HAYHOE and Jing LIN, with TANG Baomei -- 13. Xi’an International University - Transforming Fish into Dragons; Jun LI and Jing LIN, with WANG Guan -- 14. Blue Sky - A University for the Socially Marginalized; Jing LIN and Qiang ZHA -- PART VI: Conclusion and Future Directions.- 15. Is There an Emerging Chinese Model of the University?; Qiang ZHA -- Notes on the Authors -- Index..
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  • 21
    Online Resource
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400724242
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXV, 283 p. 118 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 291
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Murphey, Murray G., 1928 - The development of Quine's philosophy
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Philosophy ; Quine, W. V ; (Willard Van Orman) ; Science ; Philosophy ; Quine, W. V. 1908-2000 ; Philosophie
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9789048138258 , 9048138256
    Language: English
    Pages: XXIV, 401 S. , Ill. , 24 cm
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Pearce, Charles E.M. Oceanic Migration
    DDC: 304.89600901
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    RVK:
    Keywords: Prehistoric peoples ; Human beings Migrations ; Human beings Migrations ; Culture diffusion ; Culture diffusion ; Climatic changes Social aspects ; History ; Oceania Civilization ; Polynesia Civilization ; Prehistoric peoples ; Pacific Area ; Human beings ; Pacific Area ; Migrations ; Culture diffusion ; Polynesia ; Civilization ; Pazifischer Ozean ; Indischer Ozean ; Meereskunde ; Indischer Ozean Region ; Klimaänderung ; Migration ; Pazifischer Raum ; Siedlung ; Pazifischer Raum ; Seehandel
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  • 23
    ISBN: 9789048125371 , 9789048125388
    Language: English
    Pages: XIV, 347 S. , 24cm
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Bilimoria, Purushottama Postcolonial Philosophy of Religion
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Bilimoria, Purushottama Postcolonial Philosophy of Religion
    DDC: 200
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Religion Philosophy ; History ; East and West Philosophy ; Great Britain Colonies ; Religious life and customs ; Konferenzschrift 1996 ; Konferenzschrift 1996 ; Religionsphilosophie ; Postkolonialismus ; Indien ; Religionsphilosophie ; Postkolonialismus ; Amerika ; Religionsphilosophie ; Postkolonialismus
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402085185
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas 199
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Renaissance scepticisms
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Philosophy ; Skepticism History ; 16th century ; Philosophy, Renaissance ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Skeptizismus ; Renaissance ; Skeptizismus ; Geschichte 1420-1600 ; Skeptizismus ; Renaissance ; Skeptizismus ; Geschichte 1420-1600
    Abstract: Even if specific pieces of research (on the sources or on individual authors, such as Pico, Agrippa, Erasmus, Montaigne, Sanches etc.) have given and are still producing significant results on Renaissance scepticism, an overall synthesis comprising the entire period has not been achieved yet. No predetermined idea of that complex historical subject that is Renaissance scepticism underlies this book, and we want to sacrifice the complexity of movements, personalities, tendencies and interpretations to any sort of a priori unity of theme even less. We acknowledge unhesitatingly that we had always thought of "scepticisms" in the plural, and believe that the different contexts (philosophical, religious, cultural) in which these forms grew up must also be taken into account. Furthermore, given the transversal nature and provocative character of the sceptical challenge, this book contains essays also on philosophers who, without being sceptics and sometimes engaged in fighting scepticism, nevertheless took up its challenge. The main authors considered in this book are: Vives, Castellio, Agrippa, Pedro de Valencia, Pico, Sanchez, Montaigne, Charron, Bruno, Bacon, and Campanella. The various essays in the book show the relevance of the philosophical thought of authors little known by the general public and put in new perspective important aspects of the thought of some of the great thinkers of the Renaissance.
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9789048126149
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 220p. 65 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Argumentation Library 16
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Applied linguistics ; Humanities ; Philosophy ; Applied linguistics ; Humanities ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Logic ; Philosophy (General) ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Argumentation ; Sprachphilosophie
    Abstract: In Fallacies and Judgments of Reasonableness, Frans H. van Eemeren, Bart Garssen and Bert Meuffels report on their systematic empirical research of the conventional validity of the pragma-dialectical discussion rules. The experimental studies they carried out during more than ten years start from the pragma-dialectical theory of argumentation developed at the University of Amsterdam, their home university. In these studies they test methodically the intersubjective acceptability of the rules for critical discussion proposed in this theory by confronting ordinary arguers who have not received any special education in argumentation and fallacies with discussion fragments containing both fallacious and non-fallacious argumentative moves. The research covers a wide range of informal fallacies. In this way, the authors create a basis for comparing the theoretical reasonableness conception of pragma-dialectics with the norms for judging argumentative moves prevailing in argumentative practice. Fallacies and Judgments of Reasonableness provides a unique insight into the relationship between theoretical and practical conceptions of reasonableness, supported by extensive empirical material gained by means of sophisticated experimental research.
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS; 1 Theoretical Background and Organization of the Study; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 A Historical Overview of the Study of Fallacies; 1.3 Modern Theoretical Approaches to the Fallacies; 1.4 The Pragma-Dialectical Approach; 1.5 Plan of the Empirical Study; 1.6 Structure of this Volume; 2 Considerations Regarding the Design of the Study; 2.1 An Outline of Methodological Backgrounds; 2.2 Bowker and Trapp's Research of Ordinary Arguers' Assessment of Argumentation; 2.3 Implications of the Discussion of Bowker and Trapp's Research
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.4 Schreier, Groeben and Christmann's Studies on "ArgumentationalIntegrity"2.5 Alternative Methods; 3 Ad Hominem Fallacies: An Exemplary Study; 3.1 Variants of the Argumentum Ad Hominem; 3.2 Ad hominem Attacks: Fallacies or Not?; 3.3 Organization of the Study; 3.4 Results; 3.5 Discussion; 3.6 Conclusion; 4 The Confrontation Stage: The Freedom Rule; 4.1 The Freedom Rule; 4.2 The Argumentum Ad Baculum, the ArgumentumAd Misericordiam, Declaring a Standpoint Tabooor Sacrosanct
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.3 Judging About the Reasonableness or Unreasonablenessof Discussion Moves with and Without Violation of the FreedomRule4.4 Results; 4.5 Politeness as an Alternative Explanation; 4.6 The Loadedness of the Standpoint; 4.7 Cultural Differences and the Freedom Rule; 4.8 Conclusions; 5 The Opening Stage: The Obligation-to-Defend Rule (I); 5.1 The Obligation-to-Defend Rule in Non-mixed Disputes; 5.2 The Burden of Proof: Onus Probandi; 5.3 Shifting the Burden of Proof; 5.4 Evading the Burden of Proof: Presenting the Standpointas Self-Evident
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.5 Evading the Burden of Proof: Personally Guaranteeingthe correctness of the Standpoint5.6 Evading the Burden of Proof: Immunizing a Standpoint AgainstCriticism; 5.7 Conclusions; 6 The Opening Stage: The Obligation-to-Defend (II); 6.1 The Burden of Proof in Mixed Differences of Opinion; 6.2 The Sequential Problem in Mixed Differences of Opinion; 6.3 The Presumption Principle and the Sequential Problem in MixedDifferences of Opinion; 6.4 The Role of Presumptions in Shifting and Evading the Burden ofProof
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.5 Explicit Verbal Indicators as to the Presumption Principle and Evading the Burden of Proof6.6 The Sequential Order Rule Versus the Obligation-to-Defend Rule; 6.7 Conclusions; 7 The Argumentation Stage: The Argument Scheme Rule; 7.1 Overview of Rules for the Argumentation Stage; 7.2 Argument Schemes, Critical Questions and Types of Fallacies; 7.3 The Argumentum Ad Consequentiam; 7.4 The Argumentum Ad Populum; 7.5 The Fallacy of the Slippery Slope; 7.6 The Fallacy of False Analogy; 7.7 Conclusions; 8 The Concluding Stage: The Concluding Rule; 8.1 The Concluding Rule
    Description / Table of Contents: 8.2 Violations of the Concluding Rule
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402055683
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: CERC Studies in Comparative Education 17
    DDC: 370.922
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Comparative education ; Education and state ; Education Philosophy ; History ; Humanities ; China ; Pädagogik
    Abstract: This book conveys an understanding of China s educational development from within. It does so through portraits of eleven influential educators whose ideas have shaped the educational reforms initiated by Deng Xiaoping in 1978. These eleven educators are portrayed in the context of their cultural heritage, families, communities and schools, offering their own deeply reflective interpretations of Chinese education. The book provides glimpses into the educational context of China s recent move onto the world stage.
    Abstract: This book conveys an understanding of China??'s educational development from within. It does so through portraits of eleven influential educators whose ideas have shaped the educational reforms initiated by Deng Xiaoping in 1978. These eleven educators are portrayed in the context of their cultural heritage, families, communities and schools, offering their own deeply reflective interpretations of Chinese education. The book provides glimpses into the educational context of China??'s recent move onto the world stage
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Creating the Portraits - An Interpretive Framework; Wang Chengxu - A Leading Figure in Comparative Education; Li Bingde - Pioneer of Learning Theory and Educational Experimentation; Zhu Jiusi - A Visionary University Leader; Pan Maoyuan - Founder of Higher Education Studies in China; Xie Xide - An Outstanding Scientist and Educator; Wang Fengxian - A Leading Philosopher of Education; Wang Yongquan - Higher Education Thinker and Leader; Gu Mingyuan - Comparative Educator and Modernization Theorist; Lu Jie - A Woman Educator of Standing
    Description / Table of Contents: Liu Fonian and Ye Lan - Influential Educators of Two GenerationsComparative Reflections on the Portraits; Back Matter;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9781402062445
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Argumentation Library 12
    DDC: 400
    RVK:
    Keywords: Humanities ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Applied linguistics ; Language and languages ; Englisch ; Konversationsanalyse ; Argumentation ; Diskursmarker
    Abstract: This volume identifies and analyses English words and expressions that are crucial for an adequate reconstruction of argumentative discourse. It provides a systematic set of instruments for giving a well founded analysis that results in an analytic overview of the elements that are relevant for the evaluation of the argumentation. By starting from everyday examples, the study immediately connects with the practice of argumentative discourse.
    Abstract: Argumentative Indicators: A Pragma-Dialectical Study identifies and analyses English words and expressions that are crucial for an adequate reconstruction of argumentative discourse. It provides the analyst of argumentative discussions and texts with a systematic set of instruments for giving a well founded analysis which results in an analytic overview of the elements that are relevant for the evaluation of the argumentation. In the book a systematic connection is made between linguistic insights into the characteristics of argumentative discourse and insights from argumentation theory into the resolution of differences of opinion by means of argumentation.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9781402061042
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library 41
    DDC: 121
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ontology ; Science medicine_xOntology ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; medicine Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Searle, John R. 1932- ; Gesellschaft ; Ontologie
    Abstract: Ten original essays examine the central themes of John Searle's ontology of society. Written by an international team of philosophers and social scientists, the essays contribute to a deeper understanding of Searle's work. Moreover, these essays open the door to new approaches to addressing fundamental questions about social phenomena. This book also features a new essay by Searle himself that summarizes and further develops his work.
    Abstract: This book includes ten original essays in three parts that critically examine central themes of John Searle s ontology of society, as well as a new essay by Searle that summarizes and further develops his work in that area. Part I (Aspects of Collective Intentionality) examines the account of collective intention and action underlying Searle s analysis of social and institutional facts, with special emphasis on how that account relates to the dispute between individualism and anti-individualism in the analysis of social behaviour, and to the opposition between internalism and externalism in the analysis of intentionality. Part II (From Intentions to Institutions: Development and Evolution) scrutinizes the ontogenetic and phylogenetic credentials of Searle s view that, unlike other kinds of social facts, institutional facts are uniquely human, and develops original suggestions concerning their place in human evolution and development. Part III (Aspects of Institutional Reality) focuses on Searle s claim that institutional facts owe their existence to the collective acceptance of constitutive rules whose effect is the creation of deontic powers, and examines central issues relevant to its assessment (among others, the status of the distinction between regulative and constitutive rules, the significance of the distinction between brute and deontic powers, and the issue of the logical derivability of normative from descriptive propositions, and the import of the difference between moral and non-moral normative principles).
    Description / Table of Contents: pt. 1. Aspects of collective intentionalitypt. 2. From intentions to institutions : development and evolution -- pt. 3. Aspects of institutional reality.
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9781402053207
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 340
    Keywords: Philosophy of law ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Rechtssystem ; Semiotik
    Abstract: The study of legal semiotics emphasizes the contingency and fluidity of legal concepts and stresses the existence of overlapping, competing and coexisting legal discourses. New problems, changing power structures and societal norms and new faces of injustice - all these force reconsideration, reformulation and even replacement of established doctrines. This book focuses on the application of law in a wide variety of contexts, including international politics and diplomatic practice.
    Abstract: "Legal semiotics emphasizes the contingency and fluidity of legal concepts and stresses the existence of overlapping, competing and coexisting legal discourses. In response to new problems, changing power structures, changing societal norms and new faces of injustice established doctrines are reconsidered, reformulated and partly replaced by competing doctrines and hypotheses. Given the relative indeterminacy of law, it is no surprise that the problem of interpretation has always been one of the focal points of attention for legal semiotics. Who has the power to define words and concepts? Who can successfully assume the power to speak on behalf of the legal community? Which methods are used to justify the power to define? This book discusses the questions mentioned above from three, related perspectives: Legal theory (Part I). This part discusses how more traditional approaches have dealt with the problem of legal interpretation and indeterminacy, questions the methods applied in traditional legal theory and offers new theoretical tools to understand the problem of legal interpretation. Judicial reasoning (Part II). The insights discussed in Part I are refined using legal semiotics, speech act theory and rhetorics and applied to the legal reasoning of courts and tribunals either in common law and civil law traditions. Application of law in politics and diplomatic practice (Part III). Traditionally, the study of legal reasoning has focussed on the application of law by courts and tribunals. However, legal reasoning also takes place outside the courtroom and takes up in the political and diplomatic arena. Who is included and excluded by particular conceptions of law? How does law deal with the phenomenon of interculturality? ""Combining theoretical inspiration with a keen interest in case law, this volume will appeal to scholars and students of legal theory, jurisprudence, legal anthropology, postcolonial studies, indeed to anyone who's interested in problems of interpretation in legal and political theory and practice. It should also come in very handy in the classroom.""Ronnie Lippens, Professor of Criminology, Keele University."
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Law as Fact, Law as Fiction; Lexical Indeterminacy; Topical Jurisprudence; Legal Speech Acts as Intersubjective Communicative Action; Who needs Fact when you've got Narrative? The Case of P,C&S vs. United Kingdom; Taking Facts Seriously; Transforming Ambiguity into Vagueness in Legal Interpretation; The Inclusive/Exclusive Nation; Global Values and Floating Borders in the Brazilian Amazon; Landmarks for Aboriginal Law in Australia; Back Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 205-219) , Selected papers presented at the 2004 International Roundtable for the Semiotics of Law in Lyon , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 30
    ISBN: 9781402057588
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 55
    DDC: 160
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Konferenzschrift 2001 ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 Logische Untersuchungen ; China ; Europa
    Abstract: In this volume, phenomenologists from the West join hands with specialists from mainland China and Hong Kong to discuss the heritage of Husserl's Logical Investigations. Readers will learn of the early reception of Husserl's Logical Investigations in China and understand how Husserl's doctrine of intentionality of consciousness has paved the way to a novel phenomenological explication of religious experience.
    Abstract: This volume is the first of its kind in which phenomenologists from the West join hands with specialists from mainland China and Hong Kong to discuss the heritage of Husserl s Logical Investigations. Whereas all Western contributors to the volume are scholars who possess indubitable authority in phenomenology, their Chinese counterparts are much less well-known in the Western academic arena. Yet the latters' contributions are of the utmost interest. From them readers will learn of the early reception of Husserl s Logical Investigations in China. They will also understand in what way Husserl s doctrine of intentionality of consciousness in the Logical Investigations has paved the way to Scheler s phenomenology of feeling, to a novel phenomenological explication of religious experience, as well as to the little known young Foucault s tentative formulation of a paradoxical phenomenology of the dream. Last but not least, they will also discover how a young Chinese scholar undertakes a thorough reassessment of the problem of being in Husserl in the light of Heideggerian ontology. With these joint perspectives - Western and Chinese - we hope that this volume will contribute to demonstrate the surprisingly rich and inexhaustible life that Husserl s Logical Investigations continues to enjoy in the new century.
    Description / Table of Contents: table of contents.pdf; preface.pdf; Ch 01.pdf; Ch 02.pdf; Ch 03.pdf; Ch 04.pdf; Ch 05.pdf; Ch 06.pdf; Ch 07.pdf; Ch 08.pdf; Ch 09.pdf; Ch 10.pdf; Ch 11.pdf; Notes on Contributors.pdf; Index of Names.pdf
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402059353
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 404/.2019
    RVK:
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Applied linguistics ; Psycholinguistics ; Language and languages ; Consciousness ; Kognition ; Zweisprachigkeit ; Zweisprachigkeit ; Psycholinguistik
    Abstract: This work has a uniquely cognitive-functional perspective on bi-lingualism. This means that it makes a clear distinction between real world and projected world. Information conveyed by language must be about the projected world. Both the experimental results and the systematic claims in this volume call for a weak form of whorfianism. The authors examine too some relatively unexplored issues of bilingualism, such as, among others, gender systems in the bilingual mind, synergic concepts, and ontological categorization.
    Abstract: A unique feature of this book is that chapters favor that line of cognitive linguistics which makes a clear distinction between real world and projected world. Information conveyed by language must be about the projected world. Both the experimental results and the systematic claims in this volume call for a weak form of whorfianism. Also, chapters add some relatively unexplored issues of bilingualism to the well-known ones, such as gender systems in the bilingual mind, context and task, synergic concepts, blending, the relationship between lexical categorization and ontological categorization among others.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; The Neurofunctional Components of the Bilingual Cognitive System; Synergic Concepts in the Bilingual Mind; Matrix: Schematic Universals. How Many Minds Does a Bilingual Have?; Grammatical Gender in the Bilingual Lexicon: A Psycholinguistic Approach; Bilingualism and Cognitive Arithmetic; The Role of Cross-Linguistic and Cross-Cultural Experiences in Bilinguals' Divergent Thinking; Task and Context Effects in Bilingual Lexical Processing; Representation and Skill in Second Language Learners and Proficient Bilinguals
    Description / Table of Contents: Second Language Gender System Affects First Language Gender ClassificationBeyond Language: Childhood Bilingualism Enhances High-Level Cognitive Functions; Cross-Linguistic and Cognitive Structures in the Acquisition of WH-Questions in an Indonesian-Italian Bilingual Child
    Note: Description based upon print version of record , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9781402061226
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Collection Fondée Par H.L. Van Breda Et Publiée Sous Le Patronage Des Centres D'Archives-Husserl 183
    DDC: 320.01
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ethics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Political science Linguistics_xOntology ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Lévinas, Emmanuel 1906-1995 ; Philosophie
    Abstract: Ernst Wolff
    Abstract: Emmanuel Lévinas est le philosophe de la non-indifférence; il nest en aucune sorte un philosophe indifférent. Son inquiétude personnelle et engagement politique ont trouvé une expression philosophique dans une quête à deux versants. Dans le versant ontologique, il cherche à montrer que même si lhomme est lévénement de compréhension de lêtre, tout lhomme et toute signification ne se réduisent pas à la compréhension de lêtre seul. Dans le versant politique, il sinterroge sur la possibilité de soumettre la tendance totalitaire de toute politique à une recherche de justice qui ne dépend pas finalement de la politique même. Mais ces deux versants nen font quun. La découverte dune signification qui excède la compréhension de lêtre léthique fournit en même temps la source de renouvellement de la justice. Ainsi, par cette double question, Lévinas nous présente les fils conducteurs de notre enquête: une signification au-delà de la compréhension de lêtre et sa portée éthique, que nous appelons «langage» et que nous explorons dans la perspective de son importance politique. Les études analytiques dans lesquelles les notions de politique et de langage fonctionnent comme clef dinterprétation mutuelle débouchent sur une critique centrée sur deux problèmes: limpossibilité dinterpréter la signifiance de lautre et le danger inhérent à la conception dune justice dépassant lEtat.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 33
    ISBN: 9781402062469
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Australasian Studies In History And Philosophy Of 21
    DDC: 016.5094542
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Science History ; Philosophy (General) ; History ; Mathematics_$xHistory ; Toskana ; Experiment ; Naturphilosophie ; Geschichte 1600-1700
    Abstract: This work counters historiographies that search for the origins of modern science within the experimental practices of Europe's first scientific institutions, such as the Cimento. It proposes that we should look beyond the experimental rhetoric found in published works, to find that the Cimento academicians were participants in a culture of natural philosophical theorising that existed throughout Europe.
    Abstract: The Accademia del Cimento (1657-1667) was the first institution in Europe purporting to use an experimental method in its scientific inquiries. According to some recent accounts, the Cimento belonged to a new culture of knowledge making that abandoned the practice of constructing theories in favour of a programme that simply accumulated 'matters of fact', free from theoretical arguments and speculations. However, while the Cimento, led by Tuscany's Prince Leopoldo de'Medici, created a persuasive experimental rhetoric, in actuality the academicians continued to construct experiments and interpret their results on the basis of their theoretical aims and their broader interests in natural philosophy. This analysis begins by examining the use of experiments, mathematics, and natural philosophy in seventeenth-century Italy. Once these topics are clearly defined, it becomes easier to understand the intellectual interests and motivations of each of the Cimento's members. Case studies regarding the Cimento's work on air-pressure, the vacuum, the freezing process, and the properties and effects of heat and cold, reveal the group's natural philosophical skills, commitments, and agendas. Meanwhile, in an attempt to avoid religious pressure and to maintain an uncontroversial reputation for the academy, Leopoldo censored the academicians from publicly expressing their views on a number of issues. The purpose of this work is to counter historiographies that search for the origins of modern science within the experimental practices of Europe's first scientific institutions, such as the Cimento. It proposes that we should look beyond the experimental rhetoric found in published works, to find that the Cimento academicians were participants in a culture of natural philosophical theorising that existed throughout Europe.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; 350 Years of coming to grips with the experimental activities of Galileo and his followers; Vincenzio Viviani (1622-1703): Galileo's last disciple; Giovanni Alfonso Borelli (1608-1679); What it meant to be a Cimento academician; Experiments concerning air pressure and the void and a look at the Accademia's internal workings; The artificial freezing process of liquids, and the properties and effects of heat and cold; The Cimento's publication process and presentational techniques: formulating a policy of self-censorship
    Description / Table of Contents: The Saturn problem and the path of comets: an analysis of the academicians' theoretical and observational AstronomyBack Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9781402029875
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Boston Studies In The Philosophy Of Science 241
    DDC: 306.4509409034
    RVK:
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Physics History ; Geschichte
    Abstract: This fascinating text is an exploration of the relationship between science and philosophy in the early nineteenth century. This subject remains one of the most misunderstood topics in modern European intellectual history. By taking the brilliant career of Danish physicist-philosopher Hans ChristianØrsted as their organizing theme, leading international philosophers and historians of science reveal illuminating new perspectives on the intellectual map of Europe in the age of revolution and romanticism.
    Abstract: The relations between science and philosophy in the early nineteenth century remain one of the most misunderstood topics in modern European intellectual history. By taking the brilliant career of Danish physicist-philosopher Hans Christian Ørsted as their organizing theme, leading international philosophers and historians of science reveal illuminating new perspectives on the intellectual map of Europe in the age of revolution and romanticism. They show how Ørsted, an intrepid traveller and cosmopolitan from the periphery of enlightened Europe, mediated between the great scientists of Germany, France, and Britain and profoundly shaped post-kantian philosophy and the emerging new energy physics of the nineteenth-century.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; The Way From Nature To God; The Other Side Of Ørsted: Civil Obedience; The Making Of A Danish Kantian: Science And The New Civil Society; Phrenology And Danish Romanticism; Natural Ends And The End Of Nature; The Influence Of Kant's Philosophy On The Young H. C. Ørsted; Ørsted's Concept Of Force And Theory Of Music; Kant-Naturphilosophie-Electromagnetism; Steffens, Ørsted, And The Chemical Construction Of The Earth; The Culture Of Science And Experiments In Jena Around 1800; The Romantic Experiment As Fragment; Ørsted And The Rational Unconscious
    Description / Table of Contents: Romanticism And Resistance: Humboldt And "German" Natural Philosophy In Napoleonic FranceBetween Enlightenment And Romanticism: The Case Of Dr. Thomas Beddoes; Ørsted's Presentation Of Others'-And His Own-Work; Ørsted, Ritter, And Magnetochemistry; Ørsted's Work On The Compressibility Of Liquids And Gases, And His Dynamic Theory Of Matter; Hans Christian Ørsted's Spiritual Interpretation Of Natural Science; The Spiritual In The Material; Back Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 35
    ISBN: 1402039743 , 1402039751 , 9781402039744 , 9781402039751
    Language: English
    Pages: VIII, 309 S. , Ill., graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Archimedes 12
    Series Statement: Archimedes
    DDC: 507.114
    RVK:
    Keywords: Geschichte 1500-1800 ; Geschichte ; Naturwissenschaft ; Science Congresses Study and teaching (Higher) ; History ; Science Congresses History ; Universities and colleges Congresses History ; Naturwissenschaften ; Universität ; Europa ; Europa ; Konferenzschrift 1999 ; Konferenzschrift 1999 ; Konferenzschrift 1999 ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Europa ; Universität ; Naturwissenschaften ; Geschichte 1500-1800
    URL: Cover
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402041013
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook [2004] 12
    DDC: 146.42
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Logic ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Ramsey, Frank Plumpton 1903-1930 ; Wiener Kreis
    Abstract: The Institute Vienna Circle held a conference in Vienna in 2003, Cambridge and Vienna - Frank P. Ramsey and the Vienna Circle, to commemorate the philosophical and scientific work of Frank Plumpton Ramsey (1903-1930). This Ramsey conference provided not only historical and biographical perspectives on one of the most gifted thinkers of the Twentieth Century, but also new impulses for further research on at least some of the topics pioneered by Ramsey, whose interest and potential are greater than ever. Ramsey did pioneering work in several fields, practitioners of which rarely know of his important work in other fields: philosophy of logic and theory of language, foundations of mathematics, mathematics, probability theory, methodology of science, philosophy of psychology, and economics. There was a focus on the one topic which was of strongest mutual concern to Ramsey and the Vienna Circle, namely the question of foundations of mathematics, in particular the status of logicism. Although the major scientific connection linking Ramsey with Austria is his work on logic, to which the Vienna Circle dedicated several meetings, certainly the connection which is of greater general interest concerns Ramsey's visits and discussions with Wittgenstein. Ramsey was the only important thinker to actually visit Wittgenstein during his school-teaching career in Puchberg and Ottertal in the 1920s, in Lower Austria, and later, Ramsey was instrumental in getting Wittgenstein positions at Cambridge.
    Description / Table of Contents: Frank Ramsey - A Biographical Sketch; Wittgenstein and Ramsey; The Vicious Circle Principle; Ramsey's Psychological Theory of Belief; Discovering "Weight, or the Value of Knowledge"; Ramsey's Ramsey-sentences; Ramsey and the Vienna Circle on Logicism; Logical Problems Suggested by Logicism; The Foundation of Human Evaluation in Democracies from Ramsey to Damasio; Ramsey'S "Note on Time"; Philosophy of Science after the Social Turn; Notes on the Origins of Fleck's Concept of "Denkstil"; Hans Reichenbach and Logical Empiricism in Turkey
    Description / Table of Contents: Steve Awodey & Carsten Klein (eds.), Carnap Brought Home: The View from Jena. Full Circle: Publications of the Archive of Scientific Philosophy. Volume 2. Chicago: Open Court, 2004Bergmann, Gustav, Collected Works Vol. I: Selected Papers I, edited by E. Tegtmeier , Frankfurt/Lancaster: Ontos-Verlag, 2003; Ferrari, Massimo : Ernst Cassirer - Stationen einer philosophischen Biographie. Von der Marburger Schule zur Kulturphilosophie, Meiner: Hamburg, 2003 (German translation of Cassirer. Dalla Scuola di M
    Description / Table of Contents: Richard C. Jeffrey , Subjective Probability: The Real Thing, Cambridge University Press, 2004 Richard C. Jeffrey , After Logical Empiricism/Depois do Empirismo Lógico, English edition with Portuguese; Patrick Suppes , Representation and Invariance of Scientific Structures, CSLI publications, Stanford, California (distributed by Chicago University Press)
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  • 37
    ISBN: 9781402042126
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 59
    DDC: 323/.09
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: History ; Political Science ; Law History ; Humanities ; Law Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Recht ; Geschichte 1200-1500 ; Recht ; Geschichte 1500-1800 ; Rechtsphilosophie ; Geschichte 1300-1800
    Abstract: Rights language is a fundamental feature of the modern world. Virtually all significant social and political struggles are waged, and have been waged for over a century now, in terms of rights claims. In some ways, it is precisely the birth of modern rights language that ushers in modernity in terms of moral and political thought, and the struggle for a modern way of life seems for many synonymous with the fight for a universal recognition of equal, individual human rights. Where did modern rights language come from? What kinds of rights discourses is it rooted in? What is the specific nature of modern rights discourse, when and where were medieval and ancient notions of rights transformed into it? Can one in fact find any single such transformation of medieval into modern rights discourse? This book brings together some of the most central scholars in the history of medieval and early-modern rights discourse. Through the different angles taken by its authors, the volume brings to light the multifaceted nature of rights languages in the medieval and early modern world.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preliminaries; CONTENTS; 1. Are There Any Individual Rights or Only Duties?; 2. Rights and Duties in Late Scholastic Discussion on Extreme Necessity; 3. Right(s) in Ockham: A Reasonable Vision of Politics; 4. Politics, Right(s) and Human Freedom in Marsilius of Padua; 5. Summenhart's Theory of Rights; 6. Moral Self-Ownership and Ius Possessionis in Late Scholastics; 7. Dominion of Self and Natural Rights Before Locke and After; 8. Natural Law and Practical Reasoning in Late Medieval Scholasticism; 9. Liberty and Natural Rights in Pufendorf's Natural Law Theory
    Description / Table of Contents: 10. Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness11. The Lockean Rightholders; Index Of Names
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 307-310) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9781402039751
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 12
    DDC: 507.1104
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    Keywords: History ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Medicine ; Science Study and teaching ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Universität ; Naturwissenschaften ; Geschichte 1450-1800
    Abstract: "The present volume offers the most comprehensive synthesis to date of the fecundity of early modern universities, their receptivity to novel scientific ideas, and their contribution to the critical dialogue that vitalized the emergent European scientific community. The ""soul"" of the early modern university was its well-rounded, humanistically informed curriculum and the culture of erudition it inculcated. The authors of this volume offer a fresh assessment of how this course of study affected generations of natural philosophers, from the Iberian Peninsula to Scandinavia, from Italy to Scotland, even as it was increasingly modified to accommodate the new science. The fresh evidence gathered here emphasizes just how rigorously science was pursued by academics, notwithstanding institutional constraints. Individually, each paper illustrates the nexus of complexities specific locales made on the reception and transmission of scientific ideas, collectively, the papers offer a comparative framework that should prove invaluable in our evaluating the profound changes undergone by early modern universities during the era of Scientific Revolution."
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , "Mathematics for astronomy" at universities in Copernicus' time , The University of Salamanca and the renaissance of astronomy during the second half of the 15th century , Medical science and medical teachings at the University of Salamanca in the 15th century , The faculty of medicine of Valencia , The cultivation of astronomy in Spanish universities in the latter half of the 16th century , The Sphere of Jacques du Chevreul: astronomy at the University of Paris in the 1620s , Lectures and practices: the variety of mathematical and mechanical teaching at the University of Uppsala in the 17th century , Mathematical research in Italian universities in the modern era , Universities, academies, and sciences in the modern age , Natural philosophy and mathematics in Portuguese universities, 1550-1650 , Venetian policy toward the University of Padua and scientific progress during the 18th century , Candide in Caledonia: the culture of science in the Scottish universities, 1690-1805 , The sciences at the University of Rome in the 18th century , Enlightenment and renovation in the Spanish university , Spanish chemistry textbooks during late 18th century , Botany in University studies in the late 18th century : the case of Valencia University , Scientific education and the crisis of the university in 18th century Barcelona , The theories of Copernicus and Newton in the Viceroyship of Nueva Granada and the Audiencia de Caracas during the 18th century , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 39
    ISBN: 9781402042997
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: SYNTHESE LIBRARY 334
    DDC: 146.42
    RVK:
    Keywords: Logic ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Biografie ; Bibliografie ; Notwendigkeit ; Synthetisches Urteil ; Analytizität ; Logik ; Formale Semantik ; Pap, Arthur 1921-1959 ; Pap, Arthur 1921-1959 ; Neopositivismus
    Abstract: This volume collects some of the most significant papers of Arthur Pap. Pap's work played an important role in the development of the analytic tradition. This goes beyond the merely historical fact of Pap's influential views of dispositional and modal concepts. Pap's writings in philosophy of science, modality, and philosophy of mathematics provide insightful alternative perspectives on philosophical problems of current interest.
    Abstract: Arthur Pap s work played an important role in the development of the analytic tradition. This role goes beyond the merely historical fact that Pap s views of dispositional and modal concepts were influential. As a sympathetic critic of logical empiricism, Pap, like Quine, saw a deep tension in logical empiricism at its very best in the work of Carnap. But Pap s critique of Carnap is quite different from Quine s, and represents the discovery of limits beyond which empiricism cannot go, where there lies nothing other than intuitive knowledge of logic itself. Pap s arguments for this intuitive knowledge anticipate Etchemendy s recent critique of the model-theoretic account of logical consequence. Pap s work also anticipates prominent developments in the contemporary neo-Fregean philosophy of mathematics championed by Wright and Hale. Finally, Pap s major philosophical preoccupation, the concepts of necessity and possibility, provides distinctive solutions and perspectives on issues of contemporary concern in the metaphysics of modality. In particular, Pap s account of modality allows us to see the significance of Kripke s well-known arguments on necessity and apriority in a new light.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preliminaries; Contents; Acknowledgments; Introduction; On the Meaning of Necessity (1943); The Different Kinds of A Priori (1944); Logic and the Synthetic A Priori (1949); Are all Necessary Propositions Analytic? (1949); Necessary Propositions and Linguistic Rules (1955); Note on the "Semantic" and the "Absolute" Concepts of Truth (1952); Propositions, Sentences, and the Semantic Definition of Truth (1954); Belief and Propositions (1957); Semantic Examination of Realism (1947); Logic and the Concept of Entailment (1950); Strict Implication, Entailment, and Modal Iteration (1955)
    Description / Table of Contents: Mathematics, Abstract Entities, and Modern Semantics (1957)Extensionality, Attributes, and Classes (1958); A Note on Logic and Existence (1947); The Linguistic Hierarchy and the Vicious-Circle Principle (1954); Other Minds and the Principle of Verifiability (1951); Semantic Analysis and Psycho-Physical Dualism (1952); The Concept of Absolute Emergence (1951); Reduction Sentences and Open Concepts (1953); Extensional Logic and Laws of Nature (1955); Disposition Concepts and Extensional Logic (1958); Are Physical Magnitudes Operationally Definable? (1959)
    Description / Table of Contents: Arthur Pap (1921-1959) : Intellectual Biography of Arthur PapArthur Pap: Biographical Notes; A Bibliography of Arthur Pap; References; Index
    Note: Bibliography of Arthur Pap p. 375-379 , Collection of texts published previously , Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402042935
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF THE HISTORY OF IDEAS 194
    DDC: 236.9
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    Keywords: History ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Mede, Joseph 1586-1638 ; Großbritannien ; Apokalyptik ; Chiliasmus ; Geschichte
    Abstract: This book contributes to the ongoing revision of early modern British history by examining the apocalyptic tradition through the life and writings of Joseph Mede (1586-1638). The history of the British apocalyptic tradition has yet to undergo a thorough revision. Past studies followed a historiographical paradigm which associated millenarianism with a revolutionary agenda. A careful study of Joseph Mede, one of the key individuals responsible for the rebirth of millenarianism in England, suggests a different picture of seventeenth-century apocalypticism. The roots of Mede's apocalyptic thought are not found in extreme activism, but in the detailed study of the Apocalypse with the aid of ancient Christian and Jewish sources. Mede's legacy illustrates the geographical prevalence and long-term sustainability of his interpretations. This volume shows that the continual discussion of millenarian ideas reveals a vibrant tradition that cannot be reconstructed to fit within one simple historiographical narrative.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Biography; Crypto-Papists, Anti-Calvinists and the Antichrist; Joseph Mede and the Cambridge Platonists; Protestant Irenicism and the Millennium: Mede and the 65 Hartlib Circle; The Origins of the Clavis Apocalyptica: A Millenarian Conversion; Millenarians, The Church Fathers and Jewish Rabbis; An English Millenarian Legacy; Colonial North America: The Puritan Errand Revised; The Continental Millenarian Tradition; Conclusion: Revising British Millenarianism
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 251-276) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9781402037290
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Synthese library v. 329
    RVK:
    Keywords: Logic ; Pragmatism ; Semantics ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Mathematics ; Peirce, Charles S. 1839-1914 ; Spieltheorie ; Sprachphilosophie ; Zeichen ; Kommunikation ; Sprachphilosophie ; Zeichen ; Peirce, Charles S. 1839-1914 ; Semiotik ; Logik
    Abstract: Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914) was one of the United States' most original and profound thinkers, and a prolific writer. Peirce's game theory-based approaches to the semantics and pragmatics of signs and language, to the theory of communication, and to the evolutionary emergence of signs, provide a toolkit for contemporary scholars and philosophers. Drawing on unpublished manuscripts, the book offers a rich, fresh picture of the achievements of a remarkable man.
    Abstract: Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914), the principal subject of this book, was one of the most profound and prolific thinkers and scientists to have come out of the United States. His pragmatic logic and scientific methodology largely represent the application of interactive and intercommunicative triadic processes, best viewed as strategic and dialogic conceptualisations of logical aspects of thought, reasoning and action. These viewpoints also involve pragmatic issues in communicating linguistic signs, and are unified in his diagrammatic logic of existential graphs. The various game-theoretic approaches to the semantics and pragmatics of signs and language, to the theory of communication, and to the evolutionary emergence of signs, provide a contemporary toolkit, the relevance of which Peirce envisioned to a wondrous extent. This work sheds considerable new light on these and other aspects of Peirce s philosophy and his pragmatic theory of meaning. Many of his most significant writings in this context reflect his later thinking, covering roughly the last 15-20 years of his life, and they are still unpublished. Drawing comprehensively from his unpublished manuscripts, the book offers a fresh and rich picture of this remarkable man s original involvement with logical aspects of thought in action.
    Description / Table of Contents: An introduction to peirce's logic and semeiotics; From pragmatism to the pragmatics of communication; Peirce's game-theoretic ideas in logic; Moving pictures of thought I; Moving pictures of thought II; Existence, constructivism, models, modalities; Spiel-trieb operationalised: semantic games in logic and language; Logic, language games and ludics; Dialogue foundations and informal logic; Games as formal tools versus games as explanations; The evolution of semantics and language games for meaning; Common ground, relevance and other notions of pragmatics: from peirce to grice and beyond
    Description / Table of Contents: Peirce's theory of communication and its contemporary relevanceGames VIS-À-VIS multi-agent systems: a peircean manifesto; Final words
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 465-484) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 42
    ISBN: 9781402047473
    Language: English , Latin
    Pages: Online-Ressource (vi, 324 Seiten)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Amsterdam studies in Jewish thought v. 11
    Series Statement: Amsterdam studies in Jewish thought
    DDC: 212.6
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Metaphysics ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, medieval ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Thomas von Aquin, Heiliger 1225-1274 ; Maimonides, Moses 1135-1204 ; Gotteserkenntnis
    Abstract: This in-depth study of Thomas Aquinas' Quaestio de Attributis binds together the findings of previous research on the unique history of this text by reconstructing the historical circumstances surrounding its composition, shows that the Quaestio contains Aquinas' final answer to the dispute on the divine attributes, and thoroughly examines his interpretation of Maimonides' position on the issue of the knowledge of God by analysing this and other texts related to it chronologically and doctrinally.
    Abstract: Presents a study of Thomas Aquinas' "Quaestio de attributis", which binds together the findings of research on the history of this text by reconstructing the historical circumstances surrounding its composition. This book also shows that the "Quaestio" contains Aquinas' final answer to the dispute on the divine attributes
    Description / Table of Contents: The Dispute on the Divine Attributes; Aquinas and Maimonides on the Divine Names; The Quaestio de Attributis and Zechariah 14, 9; The Quaestio de Attributis and the Limits of Natural Knowledge; The Knowledge of the Existence of God
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. [307]-317) and indexes , Revision of the author's thesis (Ph.D.)--Hebrew University, 2001 , Text in English and Latin , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402051470
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 105
    DDC: 808.397
    RVK:
    Keywords: Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Metaphysik ; Fiktion ; Entität ; Fiktion ; Objekt ; Semantik ; Metaphysik
    Abstract: This book presents a novel theory of fictional entities which integrates the work of previous authors. It puts forward a new metaphysical conception of the nature of these entities, according to which a fictional entity is a compound entity built up from both a make-believe theoretical element and a set-theoretical element. The author advances a new combined semantic and ontological defence of the existence of fictional entities.
    Abstract: This book presents a novel theory of fictional entities which is syncretistic insofar as it integrates the work of previous authors. It puts forward a new metaphysical conception of the nature of these entities, according to which a fictional entity is a compound entity built up from both a make-believe theoretical element and a set-theoretical element. The fictional entity is constructed by imagining the existence of an individual with certain properties and adding a set-theoretical element consisting of the set of properties corresponding to the properties of the imagined entity. Moreover, the book advances a new combined semantic and ontological defence of the existence of fictional entities.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Committal Theories (I); The Committal Theories (II); The Syncretistic Theory; Further Developments of the Syncretistic Theory; The Noncommittal Theories; The Syncretistic Theory; An Ontological Argument in Favor of the Existence of Fictional Entities
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 247-254) and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9781402041945
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Gunnoe, Charles D. [Rezension von: Bruening, Michael W., Calvinism's First Battleground: Conflict and Reform in the Pays de Vaud, 1528-1559] 2007
    Series Statement: Studies in Early Modern Religious Reforms 4
    DDC: 284.2494
    Keywords: History ; Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Waadt ; Reformation ; Calvinismus ; Geschichte 1528-1559
    Abstract: Talks about Calvinism's first battleground
    Description / Table of Contents: INTRODUCTION; POLITICS AND DIPLOMACY IN VAUD; ZWINGLIANISM AND LUTHERANISM IN BERN; THE CLASH OF THE OLD AND NEW FAITHS; FROM SACRAMENTARIANS TO CALVINISTS; FROM POLITICAL CALVINISM TO THE REFORMATION OF THE REFUGEES; FROM THE PAYS DE VAUD TO FRANCE; CONCLUSION;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402051906
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 200
    Keywords: History ; Sociology ; Demography ; Religion (General) ; Westliche Welt ; Geburtenrückgang ; Religion
    Abstract: "The impact of religion on family and reproduction is one of the most fascinating and complex topics open to scholarly research. The linkage between family and religion has received no systematic treatment on a comparative basis, either in the social sciences or in historical studies. This book provides new insights into the relationships between religion and demography during the crucial period of the nineteenth and early twentieth century. Apart from providing a wealth of descriptive information on family life and fertility in different national and religious settings, the major strength of the book lies in its conceptual insights. The book will attract and stimulate readers at the advanced undergraduate or at the graduate level in history, religious studies, women's studies, family studies, social demography, sociology, and anthropology due to its subject matter (moral issues related to fertility decline and family change played an important role in processes like secularisation, and religious secessions in the19th and 20th century), its analytical approach (all chapters make use of micro-level data on family and family size and use comparable statistical methods specifically suited for these kinds of data), and its theoretical orientation (the chapters explicitly focus on the variety of mechanisms via which religions had an effect on family life and fertility). The book is truly cross-cultural, showing the similarities as well as the differences in the positions of the various churches on matters important for reproduction in Western Europe, the US and Canada in the period 1850-1950. The consideration of the causes of variations in family size in the past provides a refreshing perspective on contemporary effects of religion on reproductive behaviour and the family. ""This volume successfully promotes an agenda for research on the complex and diverse historical relationships between fertility, identity, community and religion."" Simon Szreter, Fellow of St John's College, Cambridge ""These well-researched and lucidly argued papers will provide important reading for all those interested in the religious history of the nineteenth century."" Hugh McLeod is Professor of Church History at the University of Birmingham ""This is a very valuable new resource for scholars, both established and new, to understand the role of religious institutions in family and demographic behavior and the ways in which those behaviors change across long periods of time."" Arland Thornton, Director, Population Studies Center, University of Michigan ""This book shows also that modern demographic and social history is able to revive the past in ways unthinkable only a generation ago."" Massimo Livi-Bacci is Professor of Demography, University of Florence, and honorary president of the ""International Union for the Scientific Study of Population""."
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction / Frans van Poppel and Renzo DerosasTheoretical and analytical approaches to religious beliefs, values, and identities during the modern fertility transition / Katherine A. Lynch -- Religion, family, and fertility : what do we know historically and comparatively? / Calvin Goldscheider -- Religious differentials in marital fertility in The Hague (Netherlands), 1860-1909 / John Schellekens and Frans van Poppel -- Stemming the tide. Denomination and religiousness in the Dutch fertility transition, 1845-1945 / Jan Kok and Jan Van Bavel -- Family limitation among political Catholics in Baden in 1869 / Ernest Benz -- The evolution of religious differences in fertility : Lutherans and Catholics in Alsace, 1750-1860 / Kevin McQuillan -- State institutions as mediators between religion and fertility : a comparison of two Swiss regions, 1860-1930 / Anne-Françoise Praz -- Between identity and assimilation : Jewish fertility in nineteenth-century Venice / Renzo Derosas -- The religious claim on babies in nineteenth-century Montreal / Patricia Thornton and Sherry Olson -- Religious diversity and the onset of the fertility transition : Canada, 1870-1900 / Danielle Gauvreau -- Religion and the decline of fertility : Conclusions / David I Kertzer.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 271-299) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 46
    ISBN: 9781402037030
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 19
    DDC: 530.01
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: History ; Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Physics History ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Naturphilosophie ; Geschichte 1600-1700 ; Wissenschaftliche Revolution ; Physik ; Naturwissenschaften ; Geschichte 1600-1700
    Abstract: " The seventeenth century marked a critical phase in the emergence of modern science. But we misunderstand this process, if we assume that seventeenth-century modes of natural inquiry were identical to the highly specialised, professionalised and ever proliferating family of modern sciences practised today. In early modern Europe the central category for the study of nature was ""natural philosophy"", or as Robert Hooke called it in his Micrographia, the Science of Nature. In this discipline general theories of matter, cause, cosmology and method were devised, debated and positioned in relation to superior disciplines, such as theology, cognate disciplines, such as mathematics and ethics, and subordinate disciplines, such as the ""mixed mathematical sciences"" of astronomy, optics and mechanics. Thus, the ""Scientific Revolution"" of the Seventeenth Century did not witness the sudden birth of 'modern science' but rather conflict and change in the field of natural philosophy: Aristotelian natural philosophy was challenged and displaced, as thinkers competed to redefine natural philosophy and its relations to the superior, cognate and subordinate disciplines. From this process the more modern looking disciplines of natural science emerged, and the idea of a general Science of Nature suffered a slow demise. The papers in this collection focus on patterns of change in natural philosophy in the seventeenth century, aiming to encourage the use and articulation of this category in the historiography of science. The volume is intended for scholars and advanced students of early modern history of science, history of philosophy and intellectual history. Philosophers of science and sociologists of scientific knowledge concerned with historical issues will also find the volume of relevance. Above all, the volume is addressed to anyone interested in current debates about the origin and nature of modern science. "
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; The Onset of the Scientific Revolution; 'Waterworld': Descartes' Vortical Celestial Mechanics; Circular Argument; From Mechanics to Mechanism; The Autonomy of Natural Philosophy; Physico-Theology and the Mixed Sciences; The Saturn Problem; Experimental Versus Speculative Natural Philosophy
    Note: Includes bibliographic references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402039058
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Trends in Logic, Studia Logica Library 24
    RVK:
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Logic ; Computational Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Mathematische Logik
    Abstract: Develops a hybrid architecture that allows to incorporate anaphora resolution into grammatical deduction. After giving an introduction into Type Logical Grammar in general, this book discusses the formal properties of this connective
    Description / Table of Contents: Preliminaries; Contents; List of Tables; 1 TYPE LOGICAL GRAMMAR THE FRAMEWORK; 2 THE PROBLEM OF ANAPHORA; 3 LAMBEK CALCULUS WITH LIMITED CONTRACTION; 4 PRONOUNS AND QUANTIFICATION; 6 INDEFINITES; References; Index
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402023019
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: En]Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 81
    DDC: 415
    RVK:
    Keywords: Semantics ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Artificial intelligence ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Ellipse ; Satz
    Abstract: The papers in this volume address two main topics:Q1: What is the nature, and especially the scope, of ellipsis in natural language? Q2: What are the linguistic/philosophical implications of what one takes the nature/scope of ellipsis to be? Each of these main topics includes a large sub-part that deals specifically with nonsentential speech. Within the first main topic, Q1, there arises the sub-issue of whether nonsentential speech falls within the scope of ellipsis or not, within the second main topic, Q2, there arises the sub-issue of what linguistic/philosophical implications follow, if nonsentential speech does/does not count as ellipsis. This book is unique in that it offers the reader, Papers on the boundary between philosophy and linguistics, Applications of advanced work in theoretical linguistics to traditional philosophical questions, It is the only volume of papers ever published on sub-sentential speech, Major contribution to our understanding of ellipsis in natural language, presently a central topic in syntactic theory. This book is of interest to professionals and advanced graduate students in the fields of philosophy of language, semantics, and syntax.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Against Reconstruction in Ellipsis; The Semantics of Nominal Exclamatives; Nonsententials in Minimalism; A Note on Alleged Cases of Nonsentential Assertion; On the Interpretation and Performance of Non-Sentential Assertions; Non-Sentences, Implicature, and Success in Communication; The Link between Sentences and 'Assertion': An Evolutionary Accident?; Knowledge by Acquaintance and Meaning in Isolation; Co-Extensive Theories and Unembedded Definite Descriptions; The Ellipsis Account of Fiction-Talk; Quinean Interpretation and Anti-Vernacularism
    Description / Table of Contents: Saying What You Mean: Unarticulated Constituents and Communication
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  • 49
    ISBN: 9781402033971
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 328
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Glycoproteins Congresses physiology ; Tarski, Alfred 1901-1983 ; Wahrheitstheorie ; Österreich ; Polen ; Analytische Philosophie ; Wahrheitstheorie ; Geschichte 1800-1933 ; Wahrheit
    Abstract: This book offers a detailed study of the truth-bearers problem, that is, the question of which category of items the predicates 'true' and 'false' are predicated. The book has two dimensions: historical and systematic. Both focus around Tarski's semantic theory of truth. The author locates Tarski's ideas in a broad context of Austrian philosophy, in particular, Brentano's tradition. However, Bolzano and phenomenology (Husserl and Reinach) are also taken into account. The historical perspective is completed by showing how Tarski was rooted in Polish philosophical tradition originated with Twardowski and his version of Brentanism. The historical considerations are the basis for showing how the idea of truth-bearers as acts of judging was transformed into the theory of truth-bearers as sentences. In particular, the author analyses the way to nominalism in Polish philosophy, culminating in Lesniewski, Kotarbinski and Tarski. This book is indispensable for everybody interested in the evolution of Austrian philosophy from descriptive psychology to semantics. It is also a fundamental contribution toward a deeper understanding of the philosophical background of Tarski's theory of truth.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: Alfred Tarski's Philosophical Background in the Context of His 1933 Definition of Truth; The Notion of the Truth Bearer; Descriptive Psychology: The Theory of Judgement as the Theory of Cognition and Knowledge; Judgement, Psychology, and Language; The Ontology of Judgement; Reism; The Objectivity of Truth; Ontologism, Abstract Objects and Nominalism; Brentanism and the Background of the Semantics of the Lvov-Warsaw School; Judgment, Belief, and Sentences: Remarks on the Truth Bearer in the Lvov-Warsaw School; Final Comments
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 221-233) and index , Originally presented as the author's thesis (doctoral), written in German under the title: Vom Urteil zum Satz. Das Wahrheitsträgerproblem von Bolzano zu Tarski , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 50
    ISBN: 9781402039096
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 192
    DDC: 914.045
    RVK:
    Keywords: History ; Humanities ; Linguistics ; Regional planning ; Russland ; Reisebericht ; Westeuropabild
    Abstract: Journeys to a Graveyard examines the descriptions provided by eight Russian writers of journeys made to western European countries between 1697 and 1880. The descriptions reveal the mentality and preoccupations of the Russian social and intellectual elites during this period. The travellers' perceptions of western European countries are treated here as an ambivalent response to a civilization with which Russia was belatedly coming into close contact as a result of the imperial ambition of the Russian state and the westernization of the Russian elites. The travellers perceived the most advanced European countries as superior to Russia in terms of material achievement and the maturity and refinement of their cultures, but they also promoted a view of Russia as in other respects superior to the western nations. Heavily influenced from the late eighteenth century by Romanticism and by the rise of nationalism in the west, they tended to depict European civilization as moribund. By this means they managed to define their own emergent nation in a contrastive way as having youth and promising futurity.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Piotr Tolstoi: a travel diary; Fonvizin: letters from foreign journeys; Karamzin: The Letters of a Russian Traveller; Pogodin: A Year in Foreign Lands; Botkin: Letters on Spain; Herzen: Letters from France and Italy; Dostoevskii: Winter Notes on Summer Impressions; Saltykov-Shchedrin: Across the Border
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 51
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402030338
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 62
    DDC: 415/.63
    RVK:
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Psycholinguistics ; Semantics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Aspekt
    Abstract: The study of the linguistic reflexes of aspect has been an active field of research in various sub-disciplines of linguistics, such as syntax, semantics (including discourse theory) and acquisition studies. However, communication and dissemination of results across these various subfields has often been indirect. The different angles brought together give us a comprehensive picture of the representation of aspect in the mind/brain of the speaker. The papers in this volume represent the results of a workshop on the syntax, semantics and acquisition of aspect held in 2002 whose purpose was to foment active cross-disciplinary communication. A number of the papers examine the syntactic representation of lexical or situation aspect, while others focus on the syntactic interaction of lexical aspect with grammatical aspect, and of grammatical aspect and tense. Other papers examine the role of aspect in discourse representations, while a third group of papers reports on results of empirical studies on the acquisition of aspect in both first and second language acquisition, and patterns of loss of morphosyntactic reflexes of aspect in language attrition.
    Description / Table of Contents: Issues and Interfaces in the Study of Aspect; Topic or Aspect; Some Notes on the Syntax of Quantity; Articulated vPS and the Computation of Aspectual Classes; Flavors of v; Semi-Copulas; PP, FP and the Telic/Atelic Distinction in Norwegian Motion Constructions; The Spatio-Temporal Path and Aspectual Composition; Aspect and Temporal Modification; Aspectual Entities and Tense in Discourse; Stage Structure and Stage Salience for Event Semantics; Aspectual Viewpoints, Speech Act Functions and Discourse Structure; Child Non-Finite Clauses and the Mood-Aspect Connection; Imperfect Imperfectives
    Description / Table of Contents: L2 Acquisition of Aspectual Distinctions in PolishAspect Lost, Aspect Regained; Tracking the Elusive Imperfect in Adult L2 Acquisition
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. [421]-449) and index , The papers in this volume represent the results of the Workshop on the Syntax, Semantics, and Acquisition of Aspect, held at the University of Iowa in May 2002 , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 52
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402033339
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2005 Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 244
    Parallel Title: Print version Turkish Studies in the History and Philosophy if Science
    DDC: 001.01 s
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy of Mind ; Science History ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Türkei ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie
    Abstract: As an academic discipline, the philosophy and history of science in Turkey was marked by two historical events: Hans Reichenbach's immigrating to Turkey and taking a post between 1933 and 1938 at Istanbul University prior to his tenure at UCLA, and Aydin Sayili's establishing a chair in the history of science in 1952 after having become the first student to receive a Ph.D. under George Sarton at Harvard University. Since then, both disciplines have flourished in Turkey. The present book, which contains seventeen newly commissioned articles, aims to give a rich overview of the current state of research by Turkish philosophers and historians of science. Topics covered address issues in methodology, causation, and reduction, and include philosophy of logic and physics, philosophy of psychology and language, and Ottoman science studies. The book also contains an unpublished interview with Maria Reichenbach, Hans Reichenbach's wife, which sheds new light on Reichenbach's academic and personal life in Istanbul and at UCLA.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9781402024559
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 287 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 239
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 239
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Physics. ; History ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This book collects contributions by some of the leading scholars working on seventeenth-century mechanics and the mechanical philosophy. Together, the articles provide a broad and accurate picture of the fortune of Galileo's theory of motion in Europe and of the various physical, mathematical, and ontological arguments that were used in favour and against it. Were Galileo's contemporaries really aware of what Westfall has described as "the incompatibility between the demands of mathematical mechanics and the needs of mechanical philosophy"? To what extent did Galileo's silence concerning the cause of free fall impede the acceptance of his theory of motion? Which methods were used, before the invention of the infinitesimal calculus, to check the validity of Galileo's laws of free fall and of parabolic motion? And what sort of experiments were invoked in favour or against these laws? These and related questions are addressed in this volume
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  • 54
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401006903
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (372p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 74
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Semantics ; Syntax. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: Predicates and their Subjects is an in-depth study of the syntax-semantics interface focusing on the structure of the subject-predicate relation. Starting from where the author's 1983 dissertation left off, the book argues that there is syntactic constraint that clauses (small and tensed) are constructed out of a one-place unsaturated expression, the predicate, which must be applied to a syntactic argument, its subject. The author shows that this predication relation cannot be reduced to a thematic relation or a projection of argument structure, but must be a purely syntactic constraint. Chapters in the book show how the syntactic predication relation is semantically interpreted, and how the predication relation explains constraints on DP-raising and on the distribution of pleonastics in English. The second half of the book extends the theory of predication to cover copular constructions; it includes an account of the structure of small clauses in Hebrew, of the use of `be' in predicative and identity sentences in English, and concludes with a study of the meaning of the verb `be'
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  • 55
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400710368
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 415 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 54
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy. ; Linguistics Philosophy ; History ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: This book gives a clear and thorough description of three fascinating linguistic projects that were carried out in the seventeenth century: the philosophical languages of George Dalgarno (1661) and John Wilkins (1668), as well as the work of Leibniz in this area. These projects combined practical purposes, such as improving communication, with profound theoretical insights concerning the representation of knowledge and the nature of language. Rich in detail, this book provides all the material for a proper understanding of the workings of these schemes, while illuminating the intellectual context in which they took shape. It will be welcomed by anyone interested in the history of linguistics and philosophy of language
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  • 56
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401000116
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 260 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 96
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Methodology ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: Through a variety of logical/linguistic investigations, the past century witnessed some of the most important advances in the history of philosophy. The outcome, however, has been the largely isolated results of a piece-meal approach to philosophy. In his landmark work Sign Levels, D.S. Clarke provides readers with an integrative framework designed to overcome this lack of sustained focus. Drawing on the pragmatist tradition of semiotic of Peirce and Morris, he traces the development of the logical categories of language to the more primitive sign levels of natural events and signals. The concluding chapters discuss the unique features introduced by spoken natural languages and the written specialized languages used within social institutions. This bold venture into synthetic philosophy provides: * a methodology for comparing language to primitive sign levels that avoids reductionism; * comparisons and contrasts between sign levels that enable distinctions between necessary and contingent features of language; * an integrative framework for relating isolated results in linguistic philosophy, experimental psychology, and ethology; * a means of resolving some of the principal metaphysical disputes derived from linguistic investigations
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  • 57
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401701754
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 292 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science 68
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 68
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy and science. ; History ; Philosophy—History. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Ernst Mach (1838-1916) was a seminal philosopher-scientist and a deserving member of the canon of major twentieth-century thinkers. Yet, despite a healthy resurgence in Mach studies, he is still widely thought to represent a simplistic positivist, even sensationalist, position that does not at all reflect the depth of Mach's interests and subtlety as a philosopher. By exploring Mach's views on science as well as philosophy, this book attempts to wrest him free from his customary association with logical positivism and to reinterpret him on his own terms as a natural philosopher and naturalist about human knowledge. Mach's development and his influences from 19th century German philosophy and science are probed in great conceptual and historical detail, and attention is paid to his unpublished Nachlaß as well as to the affinities between Mach's thought and that of other major philosopher-scientists such as Einstein, Bertrand Russell, William James, Helmholtz, Riemann, Herbart and Kant. In particular, the book strives to set forth the true nature of Mach's sensation-elements, the motivations for his critique of the concepts of space and time in physics, and the real meaning of his famous critique of metaphysics. The author's work has appeared in Synthese, Kant-Studien, Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics and the Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, but here these inquiries are gathered into a unified historico-critical treatment that follows Mach's conceptual development and the culmination of his work in a unique and intriguing natural philosophy. Physicists, psychologists, philosophers of science, historians of twentieth-century thought and culture, and educators will find this volume a valuable help in interpreting Mach's ideas in a context that includes philosophy and science and the bridge between them
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  • 58
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401703611
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 270 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion. ; Mathematics.
    Abstract: Until recently, the contribution of the Society of Jesus to the Scientific Revolution remained sketchy at best, as the perception of the Jesuits as plodding pedagogues and obscurantists sanctioned the disregard of their activities. The present volume makes an important contribution toward a more nuanced appreciation of the Jesuits' interaction with "modernity", and a far greater recognition of their contribution to the two poles of modern science: the mathematization of natural philosophy and experimental science. The six essays provide a cross-section of the complex Jesuit encounter with the mathematical sciences during the seventeenth century, as well as a factor in the quandary faced by practitioners in their pursuit of science and in their ability to make their research public
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9789401701877
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 249 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 182
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 182
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; History ; Anthropology ; Plant science. ; Botany. ; Plant systematics. ; Plant taxonomy.
    Abstract: This volume completes a trilogy meant to be a commentary on the botanophilia that captured the literate public in 18th-century France. Enthusiastic public support for any governmental initiative likely to expand botanical knowledge was an expression of immense curiosity about the natural world beyond Europe, which extended into a curiosity about primitive people and cultures little known. It amounted to a quest for universal knowledge that could benefit all mankind: useful knowledge that could improve the human condition in this life. That was the spirit of the Enlightenment, the sciences believed to be the key to humanity's advancement. The botanists exploring abroad brought back exciting quantities of new species and genera, but also a message about the condition of primitive people that undercut the fashionable image of noble savagery. No matter how dispiriting were some of the conditions they observed abroad, they retained a faith that ignorance and superstition could be vanquished
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  • 60
    ISBN: 9789401701976
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 278 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 92
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Epistemology. ; Social sciences ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Concepts of Meaning includes contributions from well-known philosophers of language and semanticists. It is a useful collection for students in philosophy of language, semantics and epistemology. This work discusses new research in semantics, theory of truth, philosophy of language and theory of communication from a trans-disciplinary perspective. An integrated theory of linguistic behavior should provide a framework to make behavior intelligible. This work addresses issues such as sentence meaning, utterance meaning, speaker's intention and reference, linguistic context, circumstances and background theories. Readers will learn that interpretation is a result of a complex pattern
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  • 61
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401703192
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XX, 339 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Early Modern Religious Reforms 2
    Series Statement: Studies in Early Modern Religious Tradition, Culture and Society 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy. ; History ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: This collection of seventeen essays addresses the substance of Richard Hooker's achievement as a theologian and philosopher in the context of principal themes of English Reformation thought. Hooker has been variously described as a Protestant scholastic, Renaissance Aristotelian, Erasmian humanist, Thomist, moderate Calvinist, and founder of a distinctive new theological method. The main thrust of these essays is to weigh such protean claims against careful readings of his oeuvre. Five principal loci of Reformation discourse are addressed: 1) the relation between the "orders" of Grace and Nature; 2) the doctrines of Providence and Predestination; 3) the Church and the liturgy; 4) sacramental theology; and 5) the polemical cut-and-thrust of the late-Elizabethan context. Scholars, seminarians, and students alike will find that this volume offers a fresh, critical illumination of Hooker's distinctive contribution to sixteenth-century religious reform
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  • 62
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401701310
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVIII, 495 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 184
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 184
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: The theme of scepticism has been central in the study of the history of ideas in modern times since Richard Popkin's and Charles Schmitt's works. After them, the assumption connected with the philosophical notion of scepticism was broadened so as to define the critical use of reason and doubt concerning the truth of religion, the function of politics, the aims of science, thus becoming a central intellectual issue in the making of modernity. In this collection of articles (in fact the proceedings of an international conference held in Vercelli) special care is dedicated to placing the theme of scepticism within its philosophical tradition. Moreover, in comparison with other historical studies, the English philosophical thinkers appear here in the foreground, with a number of contributions on Hobbes, Locke, Cambridge Platonists and the Latitude-Men. The French Context also, ranging from Descartes to Malebranche, from Arnauld and Port-Royal to Huet, Bayle and his followers, is explored in depth. Some articles deal with Italian major figures (Vico and Galilei above all) and Spanish culture. Special care is dedicated to the relationships between history of philosophical ideas and the problems rising from the history of sciences (medicine, physics, linguistics, historical scholarship) in the 17th and the 18th centuries. Level of readership or target groups: University Courses, University Libraries, Specialized scholars
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  • 63
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400708228
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 237 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 319
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Humanities ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: (Over)Interpreting Wittgenstein will be read by philosophers investigating Wittgenstein and by scholars, interpreters, students, and specialists, in both analytic and continental philosophy. It will intrigue readers interested in issues of interpretation and cultural studies. This book tells the story - as yet untold - of Wittgenstein interpretation during the past eighty years. It provides different interpretations, chronologies, developments, and controversies. It aims to discover the (socio-cultural rather than psychological) motives and motivations behind the philosophical community's project of interpreting Wittgenstein. As a cultural history of ideas, it traces the parallelism between Wittgenstein interpretation and the move from metaphysics, to language, to postmodernism effected in the twentieth century
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  • 64
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401702171
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVI, 278 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées 185
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 185
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; History ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History. ; Philosophy, Modern.
    Abstract: Henry More (1614-1687), the Cambridge Platonist, is often presented as an elusive and contradictory figure. An early apologist for the new natural philosophy and its rational support for Christian doctrine, More also defended the existence of witchcraft and wrote extensively on the nature of the soul and the world of spirits. A vigorous and prolific controversialist against many varieties of contemporary `atheism' and `enthusiasm', More was himself a spiritual perfectionist and illuminist, believing that the goal of the religious life was a conscious union with God. Until now, most biographies of More have ignored these, his own, preoccupations, and have made of him a rather eccentric but important illustrative figure in one of several larger narratives dominated by canonical figures like Descartes, Boyle, Spinoza or Newton. This is the first modern biography to place his own religious and philosophical preoccupations centre-stage, and to provide a coherent interpretation of his work from a consideration of his own writings, their contexts and aims. It is also the first study of More to exploit the full range of his prolific writings and a number of unknown manuscripts relating to his life. In addition, it contains an annotated handlist of his extant correspondence
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  • 65
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401715027
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 212 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, Series A: Philosophy and Methodology of the Social Sciences 37
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 37
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Law. ; Logic ; History ; Philosophy. ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; Law—Philosophy. ; Comparative law. ; International law. ; Law—History.
    Abstract: Evolution and Constitution for the first time brings together case law and law based on norms. It offers the reader a survey and a new explanation of evolutionary emergence of social contracts and constitutions in the European history, and -after all - should help to build a bridge between 'two cultures', science and humanities. Evolutionary approach to law had been advocated already at the time of Darwin by English ethnologists of law like Sumner Maine and American anthropologists like Morgan. The present work is an attempt to apply evolutionary thought to the continental legal philosophy and juristic methodology. Although in the 19th century the idea of an evolution of law was present also on the continent it was burdened with reproaches of social Darwinism (proved nowadays as unreasonable). Grounds for the negotiability of evolutionary approach to complex social systems are provided by the latest research in evolutionary theory of cognition and evolutionary ethics as well as by the theory of complex systems in the sense of Friedrich von Hayek. This book provides a profounder (conformable to the biological theory of evolution) explanatory basis not only for anthropology and history of law but also for juristic methodology. In addition it offers a practical model of juristic argumentation processes, illustrated by many examples
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  • 66
    ISBN: 9789401701457
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 278 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Language Policy 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; South Asian Languages ; Language and languages ; Language and education. ; Languages. ; Applied linguistics ; Sociolinguistics ; History ; Asia—Languages. ; Language and languages—Study and teaching.
    Abstract: Language and Language-in-Education Planning in the Pacific Basin examines and reviews the ecological context (including, e.g., the historical, political and educational issues) of language planning in 14 countries in the Pacific basin: Japan, the two Koreas, Taiwan, the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. The planning goals pursued in these states are then examined in terms of an overarching view of language planning. The book provides the only up-to-date overview and review of language policy in the region and challenges those interested in language policy and planning to think about how such goals might be achieved in the context of language ecology. In a world where languages and their uses and users are changing rapidly, and where governments and other political bodies are driving planned language change, there is a need to understand and consider how and why language planning is done. The book will be of interest to specialists interested in language and education, and to more general readers wishing to understand the dynamics of history and politics and its impact on language and language-in-education policy decisions
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  • 67
    ISBN: 9789401703918
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (364 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 186
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 186
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy. ; Ontology ; History ; Political science. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: The study of natural law theories is presently one of the most fruitful areas of research in the studies of early modern intellectual history, and moral and political theory. Likewise the historical significance of the Enlightenment for the development of `modernisation' in many different forms continues to be the subject of controversy. This collection therefore offers a timely opportunity to re-examine both the coherence of the concept of an `early Enlightenment', and the specific contribution of natural law theories to its formation. The works of major thinkers such as Grotius, Hobbes, Locke, Malebranche, Pufendorf and Thomasius are reassessed, and the appeal and importance of the discourse of natural jurisprudence both to those working inside conventional educational and political structures and to those outside - such as in the Huguenot diaspora - is evaluated. This volume will therefore be of importance to all those readers concerned to study the character of the debates in the period 1650-1750 surrounding moral and political agency, sovereignty and obligation, and the legitimation of religious toleration in the divergent states and patriotic contexts of Europe
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  • 68
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401729468
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXII, 416 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 231
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 231
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Humanities ; Epistemology. ; History ; Political science. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: In Science and Culture, Joseph Agassi addresses scientism and relativism, two false philosophies that divorce science from culture in general and from tradition in particular. According to Agassi, science is an integral part of culture, and both scientism and relativism ignore the cultural value of science. This work helps break the isolation of science from the rest of culture by promoting popular science and reasonable history of science. Agassi provides examples of the value of science to culture at large, discussions of items of the general culture and their interactions with science, and practical strategies and tools. He offers a wide variety of case studies to exemplify these. In this book Agassi puts significant topics such as autonomy, tolerance, reason, philosophy and responsibility on the agenda of democratic philosophy today
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  • 69
    ISBN: 9789401701136
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 259 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées 187
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 187
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: This book is intended not only for scholars and students in humanities, history (esp. the history of ideas), Jewish studies, philosophy (esp. the history of philosophy), and Christian theology, but also for those concerned with the roots of anti-Semitism and with the need for toleration and intercultural pluralism. Modernity and the Final Aim of History: * Combines the development of German philosophy from the Enlightenment to Idealism, and from Idealism to the revolutionary turning-point of the mid-nineteenth century with the Jewish question; * Shows the close entwining of anti-Jewish prejudices with awareness of the importance of Judaism in the formation of modern thought; * Points out the hopes, obstacles, compromises, and disappointments of Jewish emancipation right up to the appearance of racial anti-Semitism; * Traces the changes in the debate over Judaism from the theological perspective to the philosophical and from the philosophical to that of the economic and naturalistic; * Underlines the dangers to toleration that arise from seeing human history as directed towards a single aim; *Can be used in university courses and seminars, as well as in research groups
    Description / Table of Contents: From the contents: Acknowledgments. Introduction -- One: Reason, Humanity and Religions -- Two: Christianity, People and Nations -- Three: Atheism, Progress and Revolution -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Index of subjects -- Index of names.
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  • 70
    ISBN: 9789401701495
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIII, 482 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Science Across Cultures: The History of Non-Western Science 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Environmental sciences ; Regional planning ; Philosophy of nature ; Ecology ; History ; Environment. ; Culture—Study and teaching.
    Abstract: Nature Across Cultures: Views of Nature and the Environment in Non-Western Cultures consists of about 25 essays dealing with the environmental knowledge and beliefs of cultures outside of the United States and Europe. In addition to articles surveying Islamic, Chinese, Native American, Aboriginal Australian, Indian, Thai, and Andean views of nature and the environment, among others, the book includes essays on Environmentalism and Images of the Other, Traditional Ecological Knowledge, Worldviews and Ecology, Rethinking the Western/non-Western Divide, and Landscape, Nature, and Culture. The essays address the connections between nature and culture and relate the environmental practices to the cultures which produced them. Each essay contains an extensive bibliography. Because the geographic range is global, the book fills a gap in both environmental history and in cultural studies. It should find a place on the bookshelves of advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, and scholars, as well as in libraries serving those groups
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  • 71
    ISBN: 9789401726122
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 396 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 320
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Logic ; Philosophy of nature ; Artificial intelligence ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Philosophical Dimensions of Logic and Science is a collection of outstanding contributed papers presented at the 11th International Congress of Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science held in Kraków in 1999. The Congress was a follow-up to the series of meetings, initiated once by Alfred Tarski, which aimed to provide an interdisciplinary forum for scientists, philosophers and logicians. The articles selected for publication in the book comply with that idea and innovatively address current issues in logic, metamathematics, philosophy of language, philosophy of science, and cognitive science, as well as philosophical problems of biology, chemistry and physics. The volume will be of interest to philosophers, logicians and scientists interested in foundational problems of their disciplines
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- I: Logic and Metamathematics. 1. A classification of logics over FLew. 2. On representing semantics in finite models. 3. Spectra of formulae with Henkin quantifiers. 4. On SigmaN-definability in arithmetic. 5. Arithmetic complexity of the predicate logics. 6. Straightforward proof of Köbler-Messner's result. 7. On the persistent difficulty of disjunction -- II: Science. 8. Science, lifeworld and realism. 9. Explaining laws by reduction. 10. Akaike's theorem and Bayesian methodology. 11. Does a living system have a state? 12. Do genes code for traits? 13. Chemistry and the completeness of physics. 14. The thermodynamic arrow of time. 15. Modal interpretations. 16. Cartwright's models are not adequate for EPR -- III: Language. 17. Radical anti-realism and substructural logics. 18. The minimalist conception of truth. 19. Truth and satisfaction by the empty sequence. 20. Truth, propositions and context. 21. Actuality and possibility. 22. Possible worlds semantics and the liar -- IV: Cognition. 23. The triplet modeling of concept connections. 24. Evaluation and testing in creativity. 25. Assessment in the limits of scientific inquiry. 26. Inferential traps in an escalation process -- Index of Names.
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  • 72
    ISBN: 9789401701792
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 349 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Zorn, Hans [Rezension von: Friedman, Russell L., The Medieval Heritage in Early Modern Metaphysics and Modal Theory, 1400-1700] 2006
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 53
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Medieval philosophy. ; Cultural studies. ; Philosophy, medieval ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; History ; Philosophy. ; Culture—Study and teaching.
    Abstract: The thirteen articles brought together in this volume explore key aspects of the transmission of learning and the transformation of thought from the late Middle Ages to the early modern period. Focusing on important topics in early modern metaphysics, philosophical theology, and modal theory, the contributions gathered here view developments in the early modern period against the backdrop of late-medieval scholasticism. This approach not only reveals the continuity of Western intellectual life in a period of profound change, but also makes it possible to identify with precision what is original in early modern thought. The topics dealt with include metaphysics as a science, the rise of probabilistic modality, freedom of the human will, as well as the role and validity of logical reasoning in speculative theology. The volume will be of interest to scholars who work on medieval and early modern philosophy, theology, and intellectual history
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction -- 2. Via Antiqua and Via Moderna in the Fifteenth Century: Doctrinal, Institutional, and Church Political Factors in the Wegestreit -- 3. Ockham and Locke on Mental Language- 4. Metaphysics as a Discipline: From the "Transcendental Philosophy of the Ancients" to Kant's Notion of Transcendental Philosophy -- 5. God as First Principle and Metaphysics as a Science -- 6. Gabriel Biel and Later-Medieval Trinitarian Theology.-7. The Question of the Validity of Logic in Late Medieval Thought -- 8. Uses of Philosophy in Reformation Thought: Melanchthon, Schegk, and Crellius -- 9. Divine Foreknowledge and Human Freedom: Auriol, Pomponazzi, and Luther on "Scholastic Subtleties" -- 10. The Ontological Source of Logical Possibility in Catholic Second Scholasticism -- 11. The Renaissance of Statistical Modalities in Early Modern Scholasticism -- 12. Modal Logic in Germany at the Beginning of the Seventeenth Century: Christoph Scheibler's Opus Logicum -- 13. Leibniz on Compossibility: Some Scholastic Sources -- Index of Names.
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  • 73
    ISBN: 9789401141420
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (LXI, 267 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 200
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 200
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The most outstanding feature of this book is that here, for the first time, is made available in a single volume all the important historical essays Edgar Zilsel (1891-1944) published during WWII on the emergence of modern science. This edition also contains one previously unpublished essay and an extended version of an essay published earlier. In these essays, Zilsel developed the now famous thesis, named after him, that science came into being when, in the late Middle Ages, the social barriers between the intellectuals and the artisans were eroded, due to the fact that the rapidly expanding commercial classes of that period had a keen interest in improvements in technology. This class was city-based and stimulated a social environment in which men of learning came to regard the craftsmen and technicians with a new respect, in which they no longer felt any contempt for manual work and in which theory and practice were eventually combined to produce modern science. This critical edition also carries a long introduction in which much new material about Zilsel's life and work is presented. It suggests that a radical new look at Zilsel's project needs to be taken. Zilsel's essays on the history of science look like a standard case study to substantiate a particular position on the origins of modern science, but they were also an attempt to show that lawlike explanation in history and social theory is possible. It is claimed that Zilsel's historical essays were a part of another project he was working on which focused on the idea that social phenomena were open to causal explanation as much as physical phenomena. Hence the volume also contains the essays Zilsel wrote in relation to this other project. Previously there have been published a German and an Italian edition of the Zilsel essays. This edition is the first in English; compared to the other two editions this one is the first that includes unpublished material and the first to undertake a serious effort to research Zilsel's life and work. What is special about this volume is the well-articulated social perspective it takes on the origins of modern science
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  • 74
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401702393
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 235 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 51
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Linguistics ; Philosophy. ; Medieval philosophy. ; Philosophy, medieval ; Logic ; Historical linguistics. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: Abelard is one of the foremost protagonists of the "twelfth-century Renaissance". He 'picks up the baton' from Boethius resuming the activity of commenting on Aristotle's works. The present book focuses on the logical-grammatical analysis of natural language, which for Abelard is a fragment of "scientific Latin". Tools of modern categorial grammar are employed to clarify many of the problems raised by historiography (such as meaning, abstract entities and universals). Among the merits of the volume is the fact that it has enlightened the radical interplay between the traditions of Aristotle's and Priscian's commentators and, in this context, Abelard's peculiar role in exploring a new field of linguistic inquiry. An ample analysis of grammatical sources and critical literature allows to evaluate the progress which is at the basis of the forthcoming terministic logic. The book is aimed at scholars of medieval philosophy as well as historians of logic and linguistics
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface. 1: Grammatical Sources. 1.1. Grammatici logicis consistientes. 1.2. Categorization. 1.3. Lexical categories. 1.4. Composition. 1.5. The meaning relation. 1.6. Predication and truth -- 2: Categories and Lexicon. 2.1. Categorization. 2.2. Categories and type meanings. 2.3. Semantic categories. 2.4. Derived expressions. 2.5. Non-defined expressions -- 3: Grammatical Composition. 3.1. Syntactic rules. 3.2. Pronouns and determiners. 3.3. Expressions composed of common nouns and adjectives. 3.4. Expressions composed of 'est' and nominal phrases. 3.5.Complex sentences. 3.6. Modal phrases. 3.7. Determined modal expressions -- 4: Meaning. 4.1. Problems of semantic representation. 4.2. Denotations of terms and sentences. 4.3. The meaning relation. 4.4. Composition of meanings. 4.5. Transfers of meaning. 4.6. The conceptual meaning -- 5: Predication and truth. 5.1. Praedicari de pluribus. 5.2. The meaning of predicative link. 5.3. The truth: Consequentia de propositionibus ad res. 5.4. The truth of categorical propositions. 5.5. The truth of hypothetical propositions. 5.6. A model for modalities -- Appendix. Bibliography. Index.
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  • 75
    ISBN: 9789401735841
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (365 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 233
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 233
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Regional planning ; Culture—Study and teaching. ; Chemistry ; History ; Culture. ; Ethnology.
    Abstract: Travels have without doubt been a perennial source of attraction to scholars in different fields. Yet historians of science have seldom looked at travels within the European space. Travels of Learning will help to fill this gap. It offers a reappraisal of the topic of scientific and technological travelling and takes the viewpoint of the European peripheries, including case studies of Portugal, Spain, Greece, Turkey, Russia, Hungary and the Scandinavian countries. The book covers different periods of time and different local settings, and uses a variety of methodological approaches. It contributes to the clarification of mechanisms of appropriation of scientific ideas, instruments, practices and of technological expertise. This book is of interest to scholars and students of history and philosophy of science and technology, to cultural and social historians and to scholars and students of science, technology and society studies. It will also appeal to high school teachers
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  • 76
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401726184
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 259 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: A Discourse of the World Religions 5
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Genetic epistemology ; Religion (General) ; History ; Epistemology. ; Religion.
    Abstract: Religions are the largest communities of the global society and claim, at least in the cases of Islam and Christianity, to be universal interpretations of life and orders of existence. With the globalization of the world economy and the unity of the global society in the Internet, they gain unprecedented access to the entire human race through modern means of communication. At the same time, this globalization brings religions into conflict with one another in their claims to universal validity. How can the conflict of religions be defused? The speculative, philosophical method of dealing with a religion is a way to present one's own religious convictions in the medium of philosophy and rational discourse. The philosophical approach to religion can serve as the basis of the conversation of the world religions, without dissolving their truth claims. It can reduce dogmatic claims and contribute to overcoming fundamentalism. Philosophy builds bridges between religions. The series A Discourse of the World Religions presents with this volume the fifth and last of the EXPO-Discourses of the World Religions, which took place near the end of the World Exposition EXPO 2000 in Hannover, Germany. The five EXPO-Discourses were held before and during the World Exposition EXPO 2000 in Hannover with the objective of a philosophical-theological dialogue of religions about central themes of their teachings. The series aims at a deeper understanding of the similarities and differences between Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam in their theological and philosophical propositions. It sees in philosophy a bridge between the religions and a means to overcome religious hostility and fundamentalism and to further the dialogue of the religions
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  • 77
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401702133
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 341 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 8
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Physics ; Romance languages ; History ; Astronomy—Observations. ; Observations, Astronomical.
    Abstract: The Alfonsine Tables of Toledo is for historians working in the fields of astronomy, science, the Middle Ages, Spanish and other Romance languages. It is also of interest to scholars interested in the history of Castile, in Castilian-French relations in the Middle Ages and in the history of patronage. It explores the Castilian canons of the Alfonsine Tables and offers a study of their context, language, astronomical content, and diffusion. The Alfonsine Tables of Toledo is unique in that it: includes an edition of a crucial text in history of science; provides an explanation of astronomy as it was practiced in the Middle Ages; presents abundant material on early scientific language in Castilian; presents new material on the diffusion of Alfonsine astronomy in Europe; describes the role of royal patronage of science in a medieval context
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  • 78
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401712255
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 496 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 237
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 237
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy and science. ; Mathematics ; History ; Philosophy—History. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Covering both the history of mathematics and of philosophy, Descartes's Mathematical Thought reconstructs the intellectual career of Descartes most comprehensively and originally in a global perspective including the history of early modern China and Japan. Especially, it shows what the concept of "mathesis universalis" meant before and during the period of Descartes and how it influenced the young Descartes. In fact, it was the most fundamental mathematical discipline during the seventeenth century, and for Descartes a key notion which may have led to his novel mathematics of algebraic analysis
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  • 79
    ISBN: 9789401598545
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 193 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies in Contemporary Culture 9
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Political science Philosophy ; Political philosophy. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Logic ; History ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This is a work of historical critical exegesis. It aims to establish the influence of the Science of Logic (SL) of G.W.F. Hegel on the Grundrisse of Karl Marx. It is the first work in the history of Marx Studies to demonstrate that the Hegelian logic guided Marx's doctrinal development, and that the ordering of the logical categories in the SL is reflected in the ordering of economic categories in the Grundrisse. The Grundrisse are both a critique of political economy, and a critical appropriation of Hegel's SL. Thus, the work establishes that Marx was cognizant of, and respected, the necessity of the development of Hegel's exposition of logical categories of scientific method. The Grundrisse can therefore be divided into three sections. Each is distinguished from the others based upon the peculiar logic that is used in the exposition of the particular subject matter that is treated in that section. This work uses a particular form of historical critical exegesis that relies on "concept exegesis" (Begriffsexegese). It attempts to establish that the ideas that are found in one text are related to ideas in another; and, to be more specific, that the logical form of one work is indebted to the logical form of another. The method that is used in concept exegesis is empirical. The text under scrutiny is first broken down into component parts, and further subdivided. The logical form of the argumentation in each part is isolated. It is then compared to the logical form of another text, for purposes of establishing an indebtedness
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  • 80
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401720205
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (352 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 227
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 227
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This collection of twenty papers deals with a wide range of issues in philosophy of language, epistemology, history of philosophy, philosophy of psychology, jurisprudence and philosophy of science. It should be of interest to, and prove a stimulus for new work by, researchers and practitioners working in any of these fields. Tracing a route backwards through the papers as presented here, the final group is largely concerned with how empirical knowledge may be acquired through evidence in states of uncertainty; the middle group explores how such evidence often requires or results in conceptual innovation and is given to us in language the meaning of which may be difficult to determine; the first group explores how a theory of meaning can be constructed for natural and artificial languages. The papers exhibit a distinctive analytical perspective and a great deal of thematic continuity, underpinned by commitment to the richness both of language and of enquiry and opposition to simplistic or dogmatic formalisations and analyses
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  • 81
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401700856
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 223 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Origins, Studies in the sources of scientific creativity 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy and science. ; Logic ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: For centuries, inconsistencies were seen as a hindrance to good reasoning, and their role in the sciences was ignored. In recent years, however, logicians as well as philosophers and historians have showed a growing interest in the matter. Central to this change were the advent of paraconsistent logics, the shift in attention from finished theories to construction processes, and the recognition that most scientific theories were at some point either internally inconsistent or incompatible with other accepted findings. The new interest gave rise to important questions. How is `logical anarchy' avoided? Is it ever rational to accept an inconsistent theory? In what sense, if any, can inconsistent theories be considered as true? The present collection of papers is the first to deal with this kind of questions. It contains case studies as well as philosophical analyses, and presents an excellent overview of the different approaches in the domain
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  • 82
    ISBN: 9789401003797
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 208 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 46
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Ideas for Hermeneutic Phenomenology of Natural Sciences (published in 1993 as volume 15 of this series) comprised mainly ontological reflections on the natural sciences. That book explained why the natural sciences must be considered inherently interpretive in character, and clarified the conditions under which scientific interpretations are "legitimate" and may be called "true". This companion volume focuses on methodological issues. Its first part elucidates the methodical hermeneutics developed in the 19th century by Boeckh, Birt, Dilthey, and others. Its second part, through the use of concrete examples drawn from modern physics as it unfolded from Copernicus to Maxwell, clarifies and "proves" the main points of the ontologico-hermeneutical conception of the sciences elaborated in the earlier volume. It thereby both illuminates the most important problems confronting an ontologico-phenomenological approach to the natural sciences and offers an alternative to Kuhn's conception of the historical development of the natural sciences
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9789401728621
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIII, 215 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 17
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 17
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This volume brings together ten original, thematically-related papers, written by prominent figures in the philosophy of science in Australasia and elsewhere. The contributed papers are focused on two fundamental issues in contemporary philosophy of science, the status of scientific realism and the relationship between science and commonsense. The contemporary scientific realism debate turns on the viability of the claims that science aims at truth and that we can justifiably believe that science has achieved or approximated this aim. Several papers in the collection constitute original contributions to this debate. Other papers explore what appears to be an increasingly divergent relationship between the scientific and commonsense images of the world. This volume is a valuable resource for all who are interested in and engaged by contemporary philosophy of science
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  • 84
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401599948
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 293 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 10
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This book defends moral cognitivism with a new approach. The author maintains that the truth of moral judgments is determined in fundamentally the same way as is the truth of non-moral judgments, i.e. by appeal to truth conditions which are incorporated in beliefs held in common by a wide variety of societies. She argues that if a moral theory can be developed which can account for widely held, well-established moral beliefs, this would provide a set of truth conditions for moral judgments. A theory designed to do this - and through which major moral disagreements can be resolved - is presented here, together with discussions of many actual and possible objections. The book is intended for professional philosophers and advanced students of philosophy
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  • 85
    ISBN: 9789401727914
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 142 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: A Discourse of the World Religions 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; History ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion.
    Abstract: The question of the progress, the apocalyptic end, and the completion of history and the question of the life after death and the resurrection of the human person differ and are interconnected in the religions at the same time. The individual's completion and the completion of the world, the historical communities and humankind are conditional on each other. The world religions offer more than an interpretation of present history and the present world and existence of the human race. They also convey to humankind a theory of world history and of history before and above world history. This interpretation of universal history in the religions can be apocalypticism as the theory of the end of the world or apocalypticism and eschatology as the theory of the end, completion, and transfiguration of world and history. The completion of the world is inseparable from the completion of the individual human life in immortality and vice versa. Immortality is described in the Abrahamic religions as personal resurrection; in Hinduism as entering the divine self, the Atman; and in Buddhism as being united with the Buddha. How do the religions interpret universal history and what statements do they make about life after death? Leading scholars of Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have created with this volume a first-hand source of information, which enables the reader to gain a better understanding of these five world religions and their teachings about the end of history and the life after death of the human person
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9789401735759
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 282 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 313
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy. ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: Willard Van Orman Quine (1908-2000) was probably the most influential American philosopher of the twentieth century. In Trading Ontology for Ideology Lieven Decock offers an insightful analysis of the development of Quine's ontological views from his first texts in the early thirties onwards. The importance of Quine's work in logic and set theory for his ontology is highlighted. Decock argues that the tenet of extensionalism is at least as important as naturalism, and assesses the relation between the two. The other focus of the work is the relation between ontology, i.e. what there is, and ideology, i.e. what can be expressed by means of words. Decock shows that the interplay between ontology and ideology is far more complicated and interesting than has generally been assumed
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  • 87
    ISBN: 9789401598705
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XX, 314 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Cognitive Systems 28
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Artificial intelligence ; History
    Abstract: The book provides a valuable text for undergraduate and graduate courses on the historical and theoretical issues of Cognitive Science, Artificial Intelligence, Psychology, Neuroscience, and the Philosophy of Mind. The book should also be of interest for researchers in these fields, who will find in it analyses of certain crucial issues in both the earlier and more recent history of their disciplines, as well as interesting overall insights into the current debate on the nature of mind. From the reviews: "..a book that will help those studying social sciences to realize the mechanical roots of the ongoing debate about cognition, but at the same time will help scholars of AI to put their discourse on intelligence in a historical and social perspective
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Chemical machines and action systems -- 2. Nervous conduction: early connectionism, physical analogies and machines -- 3. The Robot Approach -- 4. Behavior, purpose and teleology -- 5. Cybernetics and the origins of Artificial Intelligence -- 6. New steps towards the artificial -- 7. The many forms of the artificial -- References. List of machines -- Name Index -- Subject Index.
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  • 88
    ISBN: 9789401718660
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (516 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Topoi Library 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The book's aim is to give a working representation of what metaphysics is today. The historical contributions reveal the roots of metaphysical themes and how today's methods are linked to their Aristotelian and Leibnizian past. The volume also touches on the relationships between ontological and linguistic analysis, the questions of realism and ontological commitment, the nature of abstract objects, the existential meaning of particular quantification, the primitiveness of identity, the question of epistemic versus ontological vagueness, the necessity of origin, the nature of natural necessity, the possibility of intermittent existence, the notion of a temporal part and its place in an account of persistence, the question of identity and change across time and possible worlds, and many more. Readership: A toolbox for any researcher in metaphysics and an essential source for any PhD student with ontological interests
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Part One: Ontology and Analysis. The Question of Realism. Words and Objects -- Part Two: Essence and Existence. Being and Essence in Contemporary Interpretations of Aristotle. Some Comments on Prof. Enrico Berti's Paper "Being and Essence in Contemporary Interpretations of Aristotle". Existence, Identity, and Aristotelian Tradition. Orenstein on Existence and Identity. Abstract Objects: A Case Study. Kinds, Essence, and Natural Necessity. Kinds of Necessity: a Commentary on E.J. Lowe's Paper -- Part Three: Identity. Aristotle's Notion of Identity. Sameness in Aristole's Topics. Identity and Supervenience. Comments on Wiggings's Paper "Identity and Supervenience". Vagueness, Identity, and Leibniz's Law. Williamson on Vagueness, Identity, and Leibniz's Law. Origins and Identities. Forbes on Origins and Identities -- Part Four: Time and Persistence. Leibniz, Composite Substances and the Persistence of Organic Things. On Naturalising Leibniz (a Reply to Anthony Savile). Temporal Parts and Identity Across Time. Van Inwagen on Temporal Parts and Identity Across Time. Change and Change-Ersatz. Starting over -- List of Contributors -- Bibliography -- Index of Names.
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  • 89
    ISBN: 9789401717854
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 441 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook [2001], Institut ‘Wiener Kreis’ Society for the Advancement of the Scientific World Conception 9
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook, Institute Vienna Circle, University of Vienna Vienna Circle Society, Society for the Advancement of Scientific World Conceptions 9
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Philosophy—History. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This volume includes in its special part recent contributions to the philosophy of science from a historical point of view and of the highest topicality: the range of the topics is covering all fields in the philosophy of the science provided by authors from Europe, America and around the world focussing on ancient , modern and contemporary periods in the development of the science philosophy. It represents a distinguished selection of the "Third Biennial Meeting of the History of Philosophy of Science Working Group" in Vienna (HOPOS 2000), which was jointly organised by Vienna Circle Institute at the University of Vienna. The audience of this proceedings is the scientific community and students at graduate level as well as postdocs in this interdisciplinary field of research.The general part contains as usual a report/document section with special highlights - contributions on American philosophers (by Gerald Holton) and on Wittgenstein (David Stern) - as well as review articles and review related new publications and short documentation of Vienna Circle Institute's activities
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  • 90
    ISBN: 9789401005708
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (368 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Regional planning ; Humanities ; Culture—Study and teaching. ; Cultural heritage. ; Ethics ; History ; Philosophy. ; Ethnology. ; Culture. ; Cultural property.
    Abstract: Refiguring the Archive at once expresses cutting-edge debates on `the archive' in South Africa and internationally, and pushes the boundaries of those debates. It brings together prominent thinkers from a range of disciplines, mainly South Africans but a number from other countries. Traditionally archives have been seen as preserving memory and as holding the past. The contributors to this book question this orthodoxy, unfolding the ways in which archives construct, sanctify, and bury pasts. In his contribution, Jacques Derrida (an instantly recognisable name in intellectual discourse worldwide) shows how remembering can never be separated from forgetting, and argues that the archive is about the future rather than the past. Collectively the contributors demonstrate the degree to which thinking about archives is embracing new realities and new possibilities. The book expresses a confidence in claiming for archival discourse previously unentered terrains. It serves as an early manual for a time that has already begun
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401734394
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 273 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: How is linguistic theory related to linguistic practice? What do theoretical notions and models tell us about real-life language use? Are there any limits to what such notions and models can reasonably be taken to accomplish? These questions are fundamental to any serious investigation into the phenomena of human communication. The essays in this book show that philosophers and linguists of quite different brands have tended to give undue priority to their own favourite theoretical framework, and have presupposed that the descriptive scheme invoked by that framework constitutes a pattern to which any linguistic practice somehow has to conform. What unites the contributors to this volume is a critical attitude towards such essentialist aspirations. By investigating several concrete examples of this tendency - examples collected from such seemingly disparate areas as structuralism, contemporary analytic philosophy and feminist epistemology - the authors collectively manage to cast doubt on the very attempt to fit the whole of linguistic practice into a general theoretical mould
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Part I: Historical Perspectives. On the Linguistic Turn in Philosophy. Humboldt: Grammatical Form and `Weltansicht'. Language as Sign and Use: A Study of Certain Aspects of Saussure's View of Language -- Part II: Prejudiced Preconceptions: Notions of Language Within Linguistics and Feminist Epistemology. Expression and Content in Linguistic Theory. The History of Swedish Grammar and Professor Chomsky. How Ordinary is Ordinary Experience? Language in Feminist Epistemology and Philosophy of Science -- Part III: The Practice of Meaning and Truth. Putnam on Truth. Meaning, Saying, Truth -- Part IV: Themes from Wittgenstein. Wittgenstein, Meursault and the Difficulty of Philosophy. Wittgenstein, Logical Form and Grammatical Remarks. On Rule-Following. Are We all Trapped in Nonsense? On the Need for a Listener and Community Standards -- References -- Notes on the Contributors -- Index.
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  • 92
    ISBN: 9789401005876
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 226 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Physics. ; Chemistry ; History ; Science—History. ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The theme was chosen because of the great concern with the worldwide decreasing interest in the natural sciences. The image of these sciences as dull, uninspiring, masculine, environmentally unfriendly and very technical was mentioned as an important reason. Historical context would help in the discussions around these recent perceptions. Many intriguing questions are discussed. How is the changing image of the distinct sciences experienced by the general public, by the scientists themselves, or in disciplines in which natural sciences are applied? How can it be connected to the phenomenon of the low number of women in science? The book is useful to a broad spectrum of readers, from our colleagues in universities to the general public. It can very well be used as a textbook in undergraduate courses in the history of science and in science and society. In addition, the individual chapters can stand on their own and be studied in courses in the various sciences, or in philosophy
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  • 93
    ISBN: 9789401704755
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (376 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 316
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy. ; Artificial intelligence ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: This is the second of two volumes containing papers submitted by the invited speakers to the 11th international Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, held in Cracow in 1999, under the auspices of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science, Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science. The invited speakers are the leading researchers and accordingly the book presents the current state of the intellectual discourse in the respective fields
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401715508
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 390 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The GeoJournal Library 64
    Series Statement: GeoJournal Library 64
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Hydraulic engineering ; Humanities ; Geography ; Geographical information systems ; History ; Hydrogeology. ; Cultural heritage.
    Abstract: This is the first book of its kind to attempt a multi-disciplinary approach to understanding how terrain has affected the outcome of warfare in history. Taking a broad sweep from mediaeval times, the English Civil Wars of the 17th century and the Napoleonic Wars of the 18th century, its primary focus is on the major battles and engagements of the century of warfare from 1850 to 1950. Examining the American Civil War, the Anglo-Zulu War, the Boer War, the Great War of 1914-1918, the Spanish Civil War and finally the Second World War, it takes a total terrain view. All aspects of terrain, including the cultural and spiritual significance of battle, the physical geography and geology of the battlefield and the growing discipline of battlefield archaeology are covered. Audience: Intended as a text for the military historian, historical and physical geographer, practitioner of GIS or archaeologist, this volume also provides important case histories for advanced undergraduates, researchers and enthusiasts wishing to know more about the conduct of battle
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401722926
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXX, 322 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 223
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 223
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Chemistry ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Much of Duhem's work as a professional scientist was closely related to the newly emerging discipline of physical chemistry. The book and associated papers translated here revolve around his concomitant philosophical and historical interests in chemistry-topics largely uncovered by Duhem's writings hitherto available in English. He understood contemporary concerns of chemists to be a development of the ancient dispute over the nature of mixture. Having developed his historical account from distinctions drawn from the atomists and Aristotelians of antiquity, he places his own views of chemical combination squarely within the Aristotelian tradition. Apart from illuminating Duhem's own work, it is of interest to see how the ancient dispute can be related to modern science by someone competent to make such comparisons. The book is lucid and logically stringent without assuming any particular mathematical prerequisites, and provides a masterly statement of an important line of nineteenth century thought which is of interest in its own right as well as providing insight into Duhem's broader philosophical views
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  • 96
    ISBN: 9789401736725
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 280 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 224
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 224
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Physics. ; Mechanics ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The great debates of the 18th century about the true measure of living force and the principle of least action, etc., can only be understood in depth if we realize that, at that time, mechanics was more than just mechanics. From Newton and Leibniz to Euler, Maupertuis, d'Alembert, and Lagrange, there was a metaphysical dimension to the pertinent issues, albeit partly at an implicit level. This gave the debates their typical flavor and texture, and influenced their outcomes deeply. On an explicit level, there was a progressive rejection of the traditional metaphysical approach to the foundations of mechanics. This was accompanied by profound conceptual changes in mechanics, away from force conceived as a substance, like water, and toward force conceived as a relationship between the elements in a structure of space and time. Thus these controversies helped to turn mechanics into the discipline we recognize today
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  • 97
    ISBN: 9789401713313
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 299 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 226
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 226
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Burtt's book, The Metaphysical Foundations of Modern Physical Science, is something of a puzzle within the context of twentieth-century intellectual history, especially American intellectual history. Burtt's pioneering study of the scientific revolution has proved to prophetic in its rejection of both scientism and positivism. Published in 1924, Burtt's book continues to be read in educated circles and remains both the rose and the thorn on university reading lists, raising skeptical questions about science methods and science knowledge just as it did seventy-five years ago. This book examines Burtt's public, academic and personal life. From his politics of conscience after World War I on through the Cold War Burtt is shown to be a man of unparalleled integrity, whose relentless search for philosophic understanding drove his more quixotic philosophical quests and steered his personal life, including its tragic dimension, toward simple virtue. The many who have been affected by The Metaphysical Foundations will be especially interested in this new perspective on the life and thought of its author. Those who have not read Burtt's books might be inspired to study this unusual American thinker
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401720557
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIV, 225 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 5
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Science Study and teaching ; History ; Physics. ; Science education.
    Abstract: This book intends to answer the following questions: What made it possible to create the Cavendish Laboratory in the 1870s? What was the Laboratory's principal role within Cambridge University and how did this role change over time? Who performed research at the Cavendish, when did they work there, and what topics did they investigate? In what ways and to what extent did the Laboratory's directors influence the work of Cavendish researchers? How did the Cavendish become the mecca of experimental physics during the first third of the twentieth century? In short, why was the Cavendish Laboratory so successful? In his search for the most plausible answers, the author makes clear that the history of Cavendish Laboratory is not only the story of a successful physics laboratory but also the story of great men
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  • 99
    ISBN: 9789401700771
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 175 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 16
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 16
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Algebra ; Mathematics ; History ; Mathematics—Study and teaching .
    Abstract: In the early modern period, a crucial transformation occurred in the classical conception of number and magnitude. Traditionally, numbers were merely collections of discrete units that measured some multiple. Magnitude, on the other hand, was usually described as being continuous, or being divisible into parts that are infinitely divisible. This traditional idea of discrete number versus continuous magnitude was challenged in the early modern period in several ways. This detailed study explores how the development of algebraic symbolism, logarithms, and the growing practical demands for an expanded number concept all contributed to a broadening of the number concept in early modern England. An interest in solving practical problems was not, in itself, enough to cause a generalisation of the number concept. It was the combined impact of novel practical applications together with the concomitant development of such mathematical advances as algebraic notation and logarithms that produced a broadened number concept
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  • 100
    ISBN: 9789401006026
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (282p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 221
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 221
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Evolutionary biology. ; Evolution (Biology) ; History ; Social sciences
    Abstract: This book provides both for academic historians and the general reader a broad perspective on Darwin's impact in the Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking worlds. In Latin American countries with black and Amerindian populations, evolutionary theory was quickly mobilized for theorizing racial differences, while in Spain attention was focused on class differentiation, explained by a series of Darwinian, Social Darwinist, and Eugenic hypotheses. The wide variety of approaches to evolutionary and social theory in countries whose culture was very similar points illuminates those issues thought to be of particular significance for national identity, whether political, ethnic, or racial
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