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  • 2005-2009  (183)
  • 1980-1984  (5)
  • Dordrecht : Springer  (109)
  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank  (79)
  • Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press
  • Education  (188)
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  • 1
    ISBN: 9780387981253
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Print version Argumentation and Education
    DDC: 370.152
    Keywords: Education ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Erziehungsphilosophie
    Abstract: Constituting an important dimension of daily life and of professional activities, argumentation plays a special role in democracies and is at the heart of philosophical reasoning and scientific inquiry. This title provides both theoretical backgrounds, and examples of experiments and results in school contexts in a range of domains
    Description / Table of Contents: 184287_1_En_FM1_Chapter.pdf; 184287_1_En_1_Chapter.pdf; 184287_1_En_2_Chapter.pdf; 184287_1_En_3_Chapter.pdf; 184287_1_En_4_Chapter.pdf; 184287_1_En_5_Chapter.pdf; 184287_1_En_6_Chapter.pdf; 184287_1_En_7_Chapter.pdf; 184287_1_En_8_Chapter.pdf; 184287_1_En_9_Chapter.pdf; 184287_1_En_BM1_Chapter.pdf; 184287_1_En_BM2_Chapter.pdf;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 2
    Book
    Book
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 1402095287 , 9781402095290 , 9781402095283
    Language: English
    Pages: VIII, 239 S. , Ill. , 24 cm
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Media Education in Asia
    DDC: 302.2307105
    RVK:
    Keywords: Curriculum planning ; Education ; Medienpädagogik ; Asien ; Australien ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Mass media ; Study and teaching ; Asia
    Note: Formerly CIP Uk. - Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Cover
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9781402090189
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xxvii, 1238 Seiten)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: International handbooks of religion and education Volume 3
    Series Statement: International handbooks of religion and education
    DDC: 207.5
    Keywords: Early childhood education ; Education ; Education Philosophy ; Religion and education
    Abstract: Acknowledging and understanding spiritual formation is vital in contemporary education. This book explores the dynamic relationship between education and wellbeing. It examines the theory underpinning the practice of education in different societies where spirituality and care are believed to be at the heart of all educational experiences. The book recognizes that, regardless of the context or type of educational experience, education is a caring activity in which the development of the whole person - body, mind and spirit - is a central aim for teachers and educators in both formal and inform
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS; Author Biographies; General Introduction; I The Psychology of Religion and Spirituality: Implications forEducation and Wellbeing - An Introduction; 1 Ways of Studying the Psychology of Religion and Spirituality; 2 Measuring Religiousness and Spirituality: Issues, ExistingMeasures, and the Implications for Education and Wellbeing; 3 Examining Religious and Spiritual Development During Childhoodand Adolescence; 4 Understanding and Assessing Spiritual Health; 5 The Contribution of Religiousness and Spirituality to SubjectiveWellbeing and Satisfaction with Life
    Description / Table of Contents: 6 Culture, Religion and Spirituality in Relation to Psychiatric Illness7 Psychological Type Theory and Religious and SpiritualExperiences; 8 Understanding the Attitudinal Dimensions of Religion andSpirituality; 9 Social, Religious and Spiritual Capitals: A PsychologicalPerspective; 10 Mystical, Religious, and Spiritual Experiences; 11 The Spiritual Dimension of Coping: Theoretical and PracticalConsiderations; 12 The Psychology of Faith Development; 13 The Psychology of Prayer: A Review of Empirical Research; II The Role of Spirituality in Human Development and Identity: AnIntroduction
    Description / Table of Contents: 14 Spirituality and Mental Health: The Mystery of Healing15 The Dynamics of Spiritual Development; 16 Does Positive Psychology Have a Soul for Adolescence?; 17 Voices of Global Youth on Spirituality and Spiritual Development:Preliminary Findings from a Grounded Theory Study; 18 Moment to Moment Spirituality in Early Childhood Education; 19 Children's Spiritual Intelligence; 20 In Search of the Spiritual: Adolescent Transitions as Portals to theSpirit Self; 21 Reflection for Spiritual Development in Adolescents
    Description / Table of Contents: 22 Developing Contemplative Capacities in Childhood andAdolescence: A Rationale and Overview23 The Contribution of Spirituality to "Becoming a Self" in Child andYouth Services; 24 Coming of Age as a Spiritual Task in Adolescence; 25 Youthful Peak Experiences in Cross-Cultural Perspective:Implications for Educators and Counselors; 26 Peak Experiences Explored Through Literature; 27 Developing Spiritual Identity: Retrospective Accounts FromMuslim, Jewish, and Christian Exemplars
    Note: Enthält Part 1 und 2. - Auf der Titelseite als Part 1 bezeichnet
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9789048123582
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (digital)
    Series Statement: Professional Learning and Development in Schools and Higher Education 3
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    Keywords: Education ; Education ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Lehrer ; Berufslaufbahn ; Lehrerfortbildung
    Abstract: Collects various scholarly contributions and perspectives on teachers' career trajectories and work lives. This work describes a variety of national contexts, illustrating how problems and challenges relating to the teaching profession manifest themselves and are tackled in different countries
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction to Teachers' Career Trajectories; Teachers' Career Trajectories: An Examination of Research; Career Stories as Gateway to Understanding Teacher Development; Committed for Life? Variations in Teachers' Work, Lives and Effectiveness; On the Unacknowledged Significance of Teachers' Habitus and Dispositions; Teachers' Professional Learning and the Workplace Curriculum; Careers Under Stress: Teacher Adaptations at a Time of Intensive Reform; Postscript to 'Careers Under Stress: Teacher Adaptations at a Time of Intensive Reform'
    Description / Table of Contents: The Careers of Urban Teachers: A Synthesis of Findings from UCLA's Longitudinal Study of Urban EducatorsTeacher Gender and Career Patterns; Regenerating Teachers; Listening to Professional Life Stories: Some Cross-Professional Perspectives; Epilogue: Teaching Professions in Restructuring Contexts;
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 5
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (9 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Asadullah, Mohammad Niaz Social Interactions And Student Achievement In A Developing Country
    Keywords: Business School ; Education ; Education for All ; Education sector ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Graduation rate ; Human Development ; Industry ; Learning ; Learning outcomes ; Literature ; Papers ; Primary Education ; School quality ; Student Achievement ; Tertiary Education ; Water Resources ; Water and Industry ; Business School ; Education ; Education for All ; Education sector ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Graduation rate ; Human Development ; Industry ; Learning ; Learning outcomes ; Literature ; Papers ; Primary Education ; School quality ; Student Achievement ; Tertiary Education ; Water Resources ; Water and Industry ; Business School ; Education ; Education for All ; Education sector ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Graduation rate ; Human Development ; Industry ; Learning ; Learning outcomes ; Literature ; Papers ; Primary Education ; School quality ; Student Achievement ; Tertiary Education ; Water Resources ; Water and Industry
    Abstract: This paper identifies endogenous social effects in mathematics test performance for eighth graders in rural Bangladesh using information on arsenic contamination of water wells at home as an instrument. In other words, the identification relies on variation in test scores among peers owing to exogenous exposure to arsenic contaminated water wells at home. The results suggest that the peer effect is significant, and school selection plays little role in biasing peer effects estimates
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  • 6
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (40 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Patrinos, Harry Anthony Quality of Schooling, Returns To Schooling And The 1981 Vouchers Reform In Chile
    Keywords: Basic schooling ; Cognitive skills ; Compulsory schooling ; Education ; Education for All ; Education investments ; Educational attainment ; Educational levels ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Primary Education ; School age ; School students ; Schooling ; Secondary Education ; Secondary school ; Basic schooling ; Cognitive skills ; Compulsory schooling ; Education ; Education for All ; Education investments ; Educational attainment ; Educational levels ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Primary Education ; School age ; School students ; Schooling ; Secondary Education ; Secondary school ; Basic schooling ; Cognitive skills ; Compulsory schooling ; Education ; Education for All ; Education investments ; Educational attainment ; Educational levels ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Primary Education ; School age ; School students ; Schooling ; Secondary Education ; Secondary school
    Abstract: This paper exploits unique information on cognitive ability to examine the importance of schooling and non-schooling cognitive skills for heterogeneous individuals using instrumental variables estimation. Using a binary instrument based on the 1981 reform in Chile, the authors find that the main beneficiaries of the reform were those who at the time were pupils in basic schooling (ages 6-13). For this treated group of pupils, only a negligible part of the estimated return to schooling is due to classical ability bias. The labor market reward to an additional year of schooling is a measure of the "true" non-cognitive return to schooling. However, once the treated group is expanded to include secondary school students, the pure return to schooling decreases dramatically, while the return to schooling cognitive and non-schooling cognitive skills increases accordingly, suggesting that a large part of the estimated return in an earnings function is due to classical ability bias. For this treated group (mixture of basic school and secondary school age students), the labor market rewarded cognitive skills (especially those acquired through schooling) significantly
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 7
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (54 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Das, Jishnu India Shining And Bharat Drowning
    Keywords: Achievement ; Education ; Educational Sciences ; Human development ; Learning ; Mathematics ; Primary Education ; Private schools ; Schools ; Secondary Education ; Secondary education ; Secondary schooling ; Secondary schools ; Secondary students ; Teaching and Learning ; Tertiary Education ; Achievement ; Education ; Educational Sciences ; Human development ; Learning ; Mathematics ; Primary Education ; Private schools ; Schools ; Secondary Education ; Secondary education ; Secondary schooling ; Secondary schools ; Secondary students ; Teaching and Learning ; Tertiary Education ; Achievement ; Education ; Educational Sciences ; Human development ; Learning ; Mathematics ; Primary Education ; Private schools ; Schools ; Secondary Education ; Secondary education ; Secondary schooling ; Secondary schools ; Secondary students ; Teaching and Learning ; Tertiary Education
    Abstract: This paper uses student answers to publicly released questions from an international testing agency together with statistical methods from Item Response Theory to place secondary students from two Indian states -Orissa and Rajasthan -on a worldwide distribution of mathematics achievement. These two states fall below 43 of the 51 countries for which data exist. The bottom 5 percent of children rank higher than the bottom 5 percent in only three countries-South Africa, Ghana and Saudi Arabia. But not all students test poorly. Inequality in the test-score distribution for both states is next only to South Africa in the worldwide ranking exercise. Consequently, and to the extent that these two states can represent India, the two statements "for every ten top performers in the United States there are four in India" and "for every ten low performers in the United States there are two hundred in India" are both consistent with the data. The combination of India's size and large variance in achievement give both the perceptions that India is shining even as Bharat, the vernacular for India, is drowning. Comparable estimates of inequalities in learning are the building blocks for substantive research on the correlates of earnings inequality in India and other low-income countries; the methods proposed here allow for independent testing exercises to build up such data by linking scores to internationally comparable tests
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  • 8
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (45 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Murakami, Yuki Accessibility And Affordability of Tertiary Education In Brazil, Colombia, Mexico And Peru Within A Global Context
    Keywords: Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Access to Finance ; Access to tertiary education ; Education ; Education Sector ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Gender equity ; Human Development ; Investments in education ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Student Loan ; Student assistance ; Tertiary Education ; Tertiary Education ; Workers ; Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Access to Finance ; Access to tertiary education ; Education ; Education Sector ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Gender equity ; Human Development ; Investments in education ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Student Loan ; Student assistance ; Tertiary Education ; Tertiary Education ; Workers ; Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Access to Finance ; Access to tertiary education ; Education ; Education Sector ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Gender equity ; Human Development ; Investments in education ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Student Loan ; Student assistance ; Tertiary Education ; Tertiary Education ; Workers
    Abstract: This paper examines the financing of tertiary education in Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and Peru, comparing the affordability and accessibility of tertiary education with that in high-income countries. To measure affordability, the authors estimate education costs, living costs, grants, and loans. Further, they compute the participation rate, attainment rate, and socio-economic equity index in education and the gender equity index as indicators of accessibility. This is the first study attempting to estimate affordability of tertiary education in Latin America within a global context. The analysis combines information from household surveys, expenditure surveys, and administrative and institutional databases. The findings show that families in Latin America have to pay 60 percent of per-capita income for tertiary education per student per year compared with 19 percent in high-income countries. Living costs are significant, at 29 percent of gross domestic product per capita in Latin America (19 percent in high-income countries). Student assistance through grants and loans plays a marginal role in improving affordability. Moreover, the paper confirms previous findings of low access to tertiary education in the region. One policy implication of the findings is that Latin American governments could take steps to make tertiary education more affordable through student assistance
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (28 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Lokshin, Michael Does Poverty Research In Russia Follow The Scientific Method?
    Keywords: Education ; Information Security and Privacy ; Literature ; Papers ; Poverty Monitoring and Analysis ; Poverty Reduction ; Research findings ; Researchers ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Scientific journals ; Scientific knowledge ; Scientific papers ; Scientific research ; Scientists ; Social science ; Tertiary Education ; Education ; Information Security and Privacy ; Literature ; Papers ; Poverty Monitoring and Analysis ; Poverty Reduction ; Research findings ; Researchers ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Scientific journals ; Scientific knowledge ; Scientific papers ; Scientific research ; Scientists ; Social science ; Tertiary Education ; Education ; Information Security and Privacy ; Literature ; Papers ; Poverty Monitoring and Analysis ; Poverty Reduction ; Research findings ; Researchers ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Scientific journals ; Scientific knowledge ; Scientific papers ; Scientific research ; Scientists ; Social science ; Tertiary Education
    Abstract: This paper presents the first critical review of literature on poverty published in Russia between 1992 and 2006. Using a dataset of about 250 publications in Russian scientific journals, the authors assess whether the poverty research in Russia satisfies the general criteria of a scientific publication and if such studies could provide reliable guidance to the Russian government as it maps out its anti-poverty policies. The findings indicate that only a small proportion of papers on poverty published in Russia in 1992-2006 follow the universally-recognized principles of the scientific method. The utility of policy advice based on such research is questionable. The authors also suggest steps that could, in their view, improve the quality of poverty research in Russia
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  • 10
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (45 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Jimenez, Emmanuel Can Cost-Benefit Analysis Guide Education Policy In Developing Countries?
    Keywords: Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Average schooling ; Education ; Education Policy ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Investments in education ; Job training ; Primary Education ; Primary levels ; Primary schools ; Schooling ; Social benefits ; Social benefits of education ; Tertiary Education ; Textbooks ; Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Average schooling ; Education ; Education Policy ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Investments in education ; Job training ; Primary Education ; Primary levels ; Primary schools ; Schooling ; Social benefits ; Social benefits of education ; Tertiary Education ; Textbooks ; Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Average schooling ; Education ; Education Policy ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Investments in education ; Job training ; Primary Education ; Primary levels ; Primary schools ; Schooling ; Social benefits ; Social benefits of education ; Tertiary Education ; Textbooks
    Abstract: Cost-benefit analysis in education is an important tool in the economists' arsenal. However, it is essential that research, especially on the social benefits of education, make further progress to make cost-benefit more analysis. There is a need for more research on the effects of policy interventions on outcomes beyond access to a year in school and what they earn as a result, such as on what children actually learn. Such research should focus on ensuring that the interventions are attributable to outcomes. Nevertheless, it is worthwhile to go through the discipline of noting the benefits and costs, even if social rates of return cannot be calculated robustly
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  • 11
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (34 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Banerjee, Abhijit V Pitfalls of Participatory Programs
    Keywords: Education ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Development ; Interventions ; Learning ; Learning outcomes ; Primary Education ; Primary schools ; Public schools ; Quality of education ; Reading ; Teachers ; Tertiary Education ; Universal primary education ; Education ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Development ; Interventions ; Learning ; Learning outcomes ; Primary Education ; Primary schools ; Public schools ; Quality of education ; Reading ; Teachers ; Tertiary Education ; Universal primary education ; Education ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Development ; Interventions ; Learning ; Learning outcomes ; Primary Education ; Primary schools ; Public schools ; Quality of education ; Reading ; Teachers ; Tertiary Education ; Universal primary education
    Abstract: Participation of beneficiaries in the monitoring of public services is increasingly seen as key to improving their efficiency. In India, the current government flagship program on universal primary education organizes community members, specifically locally elected leaders and parents of children enrolled in public schools, into committees and gives these powers over resource allocation, monitoring and management of school performance. However, in a baseline survey this paper finds that people were not aware of the existence of these committees and their potential for improving education. The paper evaluates three different interventions to encourage beneficiaries' participation: providing information, training community members in a new testing tool, and training and organizing volunteers to hold remedial reading camps for illiterate children. The authors find that these interventions had no impact on community involvement in public schools, and no impact on teacher effort or learning outcomes in those schools. However, the intervention that trained volunteers to teach children to read had large impact on activity outside public schools -- local youths volunteered to be trained, and children who attended these camps substantially improved their reading skills. These results suggest that citizens face substantial constraints in participating to improve the public education system, even when they care about education and are willing to do something to improve it
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  • 12
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (40 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Demombynes, Gabriel Connecting The Unobserved Dots
    Keywords: Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Debt Markets ; Earnings Inequality ; Education ; Education for All ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Household Survey ; Labor Markets ; Minimum wage ; Primary Education ; Salaried employment ; Salaried workers ; Skilled workers ; Social Protections and Labor ; Union membership ; Wage distribution ; Wage employment ; Wage inequality ; Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Debt Markets ; Earnings Inequality ; Education ; Education for All ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Household Survey ; Labor Markets ; Minimum wage ; Primary Education ; Salaried employment ; Salaried workers ; Skilled workers ; Social Protections and Labor ; Union membership ; Wage distribution ; Wage employment ; Wage inequality ; Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Debt Markets ; Earnings Inequality ; Education ; Education for All ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Household Survey ; Labor Markets ; Minimum wage ; Primary Education ; Salaried employment ; Salaried workers ; Skilled workers ; Social Protections and Labor ; Union membership ; Wage distribution ; Wage employment ; Wage inequality
    Abstract: There are several possible explanations for the observed changes in inequality, the returns to education, and the gap between the wages of informal and formal salaried workers in Argentina over the period 1980-2002. Largely due to the lack of evidence for competing explanations, skill-biased technical change is the most likely explanation for the increases in the returns to education that occurred in the 1990s. Using a semi-parametric re-weighting variance decomposition technique and data from the Permanent Household Survey, the authors show that during the same period there was an increase in the returns to unobserved skill. This finding lends support to the hypothesis that skill-biased technical change has been a main driver of increases in inequality in Argentina. The pattern of changes suggests that the growth in returns to unobserved skill may have been partly responsible for the relative deterioration of informal salaried wages during the 1990s
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  • 13
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (32 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Das, Maitreyi Bordia Minority Status And Labor Market Outcomes
    Keywords: Education ; Educational Policy and Planning ; Employment ; Employment outcomes ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human capital ; Labor ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Labor force ; Labor market ; Labor market outcomes ; Labor markets ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Population Policies ; Previous work ; Primary education ; Public Sector Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Education ; Educational Policy and Planning ; Employment ; Employment outcomes ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human capital ; Labor ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Labor force ; Labor market ; Labor market outcomes ; Labor markets ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Population Policies ; Previous work ; Primary education ; Public Sector Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Education ; Educational Policy and Planning ; Employment ; Employment outcomes ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human capital ; Labor ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Labor force ; Labor market ; Labor market outcomes ; Labor markets ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Population Policies ; Previous work ; Primary education ; Public Sector Development ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: This paper uses data from the 61st Round of the National Sample Survey to understand the employment outcomes of Dalit and Muslim men in India. It uses a conceptual framework developed for the US labor market that states that ethnic minorities skirt discrimination in the primary labor market to build successful self-employed ventures in the form of ethnic enclaves or ethnic labor markets. The paper uses entry into self-employment for educated minority groups as a proxy for minority enclaves. Based on multinomial logistic regression, the analysis finds that the minority enclave hypothesis does not hold for Dalits but it does overwhelmingly for Muslims. The interaction of Dalit and Muslim status with post-primary education in urban areas demonstrates that post-primary education confers almost a disadvantage for minority men: it does not seem to affect their allocation either to salaried work or to non-farm self-employment but does increase their likelihood of opting out of the labor force - and if they cannot afford to drop out, they join the casual labor market. Due to the complexity of these results and the fact that there are no earnings data for self-employment, it is difficult to say whether self-employment is a choice or compulsion and whether builders of minority enclaves fare better than those in the primary market
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  • 14
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (39 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Pandey, Priyanka Public Participation, Teacher Accountability, And School Outcomes
    Keywords: Education ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Human development ; Human resource development ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Professional development ; Schools ; Secondary Education ; Student achievement ; Student learning ; Teacher ; Teachers ; Teaching ; Tertiary Education ; Education ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Human development ; Human resource development ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Professional development ; Schools ; Secondary Education ; Student achievement ; Student learning ; Teacher ; Teachers ; Teaching ; Tertiary Education ; Education ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Human development ; Human resource development ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Professional development ; Schools ; Secondary Education ; Student achievement ; Student learning ; Teacher ; Teachers ; Teaching ; Tertiary Education
    Abstract: This paper presents findings from baseline surveys on student learning achievement, teacher effort and community participation in three Indian states, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. Results indicate low teacher attendance and poor student learning. Parents and school committees are neither aware of their oversight roles nor participating in school management. However, there is substantial heterogeneity in outcomes across states. Karnataka has better student and teacher outcomes as well as higher levels of community awareness and participation than the other two states. The authors find substantial variation in teacher effort within schools, but most observable teacher characteristics are not associated with teacher effort. One reason for low teacher effort may be lack of accountability. Regression analysis suggests low rates of teacher attendance are only part of the problem of low student achievement. The gains in test scores associated with higher rates of attendance and engagement in teaching are small in the states of Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh, suggesting teachers themselves may not be effective. Ineffective teaching may result from lack of accountability as well as poor professional development of teachers. Further research is needed to examine not only issues of accountability but also professional development of teachers
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (34 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Mattoo, Aaditya Foreign Professionals And Domestic Regulation
    Keywords: Access and Eq ; Communication technologies ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Corporate Law ; Education ; Foreign professionals ; Global market ; Graduate degrees ; Higher education ; Higher education system ; Housing and Human Habitats ; Human capital ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Information and Communication Technologies ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Public Examination System ; Secondary Education ; Skilled professionals ; Tertiary Education ; Trade and Services ; Workers ; Access and Eq ; Communication technologies ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Corporate Law ; Education ; Foreign professionals ; Global market ; Graduate degrees ; Higher education ; Higher education system ; Housing and Human Habitats ; Human capital ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Information and Communication Technologies ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Public Examination System ; Secondary Education ; Skilled professionals ; Tertiary Education ; Trade and Services ; Workers ; Access and Eq ; Communication technologies ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Corporate Law ; Education ; Foreign professionals ; Global market ; Graduate degrees ; Higher education ; Higher education system ; Housing and Human Habitats ; Human capital ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Information and Communication Technologies ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Public Examination System ; Secondary Education ; Skilled professionals ; Tertiary Education ; Trade and Services ; Workers
    Abstract: Changes in demographics and patterns of investment in human capital are creating increased scope for international trade in professional services. The scope for mutually beneficial trade is, however, inhibited not only by quotas and discriminatory taxation, but also by domestic regulation - including a range of qualification and licensing requirements and procedures. To illustrate the nature and implications of these regulatory impediments, this paper presents a detailed description of the regulatory requirements faced in the United States market by four types of Indian professionals: doctors, engineers, architects, and accountants. India is one of the largest exporters of skilled services, and the United States is one of the largest importers of skilled services, so these two countries reflect broader global trends. The paper argues that regulatory discrimination, for example through preferential recognition agreements, has implications both for the pattern of trade and for welfare. It presents some illustrative estimates that suggest the economic cost of regulations may be substantial. The paper concludes by examining how the trade-inhibiting impact of regulatory requirements could be addressed through bilateral and multilateral negotiations
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  • 16
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (43 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Ebers, Chris Brazil Within Brazil
    Keywords: Confidence intervals ; Descriptive statistics ; Education ; Enumeration ; Geographical Information Systems ; Precision ; Predictions ; Reliability ; Sample design ; Sample surveys ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Small Area Estimation Poverty Mapping ; Standard errors ; Statistical and Mathematical Sciences ; Validity ; Confidence intervals ; Descriptive statistics ; Education ; Enumeration ; Geographical Information Systems ; Precision ; Predictions ; Reliability ; Sample design ; Sample surveys ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Small Area Estimation Poverty Mapping ; Standard errors ; Statistical and Mathematical Sciences ; Validity ; Confidence intervals ; Descriptive statistics ; Education ; Enumeration ; Geographical Information Systems ; Precision ; Predictions ; Reliability ; Sample design ; Sample surveys ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Small Area Estimation Poverty Mapping ; Standard errors ; Statistical and Mathematical Sciences ; Validity
    Abstract: The small-area estimation technique developed for producing poverty maps has been applied in a large number of developing countries. Opportunities to formally test the validity of this approach remain rare due to lack of appropriately detailed data. This paper compares a set of predicted welfare estimates based on this methodology against their true values, in a setting where these true values are known. A recent study draws on Monte Carlo evidence to warn that the small-area estimation methodology could significantly over-state the precision of local-level estimates of poverty, if underlying assumptions of spatial homogeneity do not hold. Despite these concerns, the findings in this paper for the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, indicate that the small-area estimation approach is able to produce estimates of welfare that line up quite closely to their true values. Although the setting considered here would seem, a priori, unlikely to meet the homogeneity conditions that have been argued to be essential for the method, confidence intervals for the poverty estimates also appear to be appropriate. However, this latter conclusion holds only after carefully controlling for community-level factors that are correlated with household level welfare
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  • 17
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (53 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: de Brauw, Alan Migrant Opportunity And The Educational Attainment of Youth In Rural China
    Keywords: Education ; Education for All ; Educational Attainment ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Development ; Labor Markets ; Migrant ; Migrants ; Migration ; Policy ReseaRch ; Policy ReseaRch WoRking PaPeR ; Population Policies ; Public Services ; School age ; Secondary Education ; Social Protections and Labor ; Tertiary Education ; Young adults ; Education ; Education for All ; Educational Attainment ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Development ; Labor Markets ; Migrant ; Migrants ; Migration ; Policy ReseaRch ; Policy ReseaRch WoRking PaPeR ; Population Policies ; Public Services ; School age ; Secondary Education ; Social Protections and Labor ; Tertiary Education ; Young adults ; Education ; Education for All ; Educational Attainment ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Development ; Labor Markets ; Migrant ; Migrants ; Migration ; Policy ReseaRch ; Policy ReseaRch WoRking PaPeR ; Population Policies ; Public Services ; School age ; Secondary Education ; Social Protections and Labor ; Tertiary Education ; Young adults
    Abstract: This paper investigates how reductions of barriers to migration affect the decision of middle school graduates to attend high school in rural China. Change in the cost of migration is identified using exogenous variation across counties in the timing of national identity card distribution, which made it easier for rural migrants to register as temporary residents in urban destinations. The analysis first shows that timing of identification card distribution is unrelated to local rainfall shocks affecting migration decisions, and that timing is not related to proxies reflecting time-varying changes in village policy or administrative capacity. The findings show a robust negative relationship between migrant opportunity and high school enrollment. The mechanisms behind the negative relationship are suggested by observed increases in subsequent local and migrant non-agricultural employment of high school age young adults as the size of the current village migrant network increases
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  • 18
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (42 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Dang, Hai-Anh How To Interpret The Growing Phenomenon of Private Tutoring
    Keywords: Academic performance ; Education ; Education for All ; Education programs ; Educational achievement ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Instruction ; Levels of education ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Schools ; Secondary Education ; Student achievement ; Tertiary Education ; Tutoring ; Tutoring programs ; Academic performance ; Education ; Education for All ; Education programs ; Educational achievement ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Instruction ; Levels of education ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Schools ; Secondary Education ; Student achievement ; Tertiary Education ; Tutoring ; Tutoring programs ; Academic performance ; Education ; Education for All ; Education programs ; Educational achievement ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Instruction ; Levels of education ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Schools ; Secondary Education ; Student achievement ; Tertiary Education ; Tutoring ; Tutoring programs
    Abstract: Private tutoring is now a major component of the education sector in many developing countries, yet education policy too seldom acknowledges and makes use of it. Various criticisms have been raised against private tutoring, most notably that it exacerbates social inequalities and may even fail to improve student outcomes. This paper surveys the literature for evidence on private tutoring-the extent of the tutoring phenomenon, the factors that explain its growth, and its cost-effectiveness in improving student academic performance. It also presents a framework for assessing the efficiency and equity effects of tutoring. It concludes that tutoring can raise the effectiveness of the education system under certain reasonable assumptions, even taking into account equity concerns, and it offers guidance for attacking corruption and other problems that diminish the contributions of the tutoring sector
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  • 19
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (38 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Akresh, Richard Armed Conflict And Schooling
    Keywords: Armed Conflict ; Civil war ; Conflict and Development ; Education ; Education for All ; Genocide ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household surveys ; Human Development ; Policy ReseaRch ; Policy ReseaRch WoRking PaPeR ; Population Policies ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Primary Education ; Progress ; Public Services ; War ; Youth and Government ; Armed Conflict ; Civil war ; Conflict and Development ; Education ; Education for All ; Genocide ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household surveys ; Human Development ; Policy ReseaRch ; Policy ReseaRch WoRking PaPeR ; Population Policies ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Primary Education ; Progress ; Public Services ; War ; Youth and Government ; Armed Conflict ; Civil war ; Conflict and Development ; Education ; Education for All ; Genocide ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household surveys ; Human Development ; Policy ReseaRch ; Policy ReseaRch WoRking PaPeR ; Population Policies ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Primary Education ; Progress ; Public Services ; War ; Youth and Government
    Abstract: To examine the impact of Rwanda's 1994 genocide on children's schooling, the authors combine two cross-sectional household surveys collected before and after the genocide. The identification strategy uses pre-war data to control for an age group's baseline schooling and exploits variation across provinces in the intensity of killings and which children's cohorts were school-aged when exposed to the war. The findings show a strong negative impact of the genocide on schooling, with exposed children completing one-half year less education representing an 18.3 percent decline. The effect is robust to including control variables, alternative sources for genocide intensity, and an instrumental variables strategy
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  • 20
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (35 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: de Mel, Suresh Who Are The Microenterprise Owners?
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Employment generation ; Entry costs ; Informal sector ; Labor Markets ; Labor force ; Labor organization ; Microfinance ; Productive employment ; Self employed ; Social Protections and Labor ; Tertiary Education ; Work & Working Conditions ; Worker ; Workers ; Education ; Employment ; Employment generation ; Entry costs ; Informal sector ; Labor Markets ; Labor force ; Labor organization ; Microfinance ; Productive employment ; Self employed ; Social Protections and Labor ; Tertiary Education ; Work & Working Conditions ; Worker ; Workers ; Education ; Employment ; Employment generation ; Entry costs ; Informal sector ; Labor Markets ; Labor force ; Labor organization ; Microfinance ; Productive employment ; Self employed ; Social Protections and Labor ; Tertiary Education ; Work & Working Conditions ; Worker ; Workers
    Abstract: Is the vast army of the self-employed in low income countries a source of employment generation? This paper uses data from surveys in Sri Lanka to compare the characteristics of own account workers (non-employers) with wage workers and with owners of larger firms. The authors use a rich set of measures of background, ability, and attitudes, including lottery experiments measuring risk attitudes. Consistent with the International Labor Organization's views of the self employed (represented by Tokman), the analysis finds that two-thirds to three-quarters of the own account workers have characteristics which are more like wage workers than larger firm owners. This suggests the majority of the own account workers are unlikely to become employers. Using a two and a half year panel of enterprises, the authors show that the minority of own account workers who are more like larger firm owners are more likely to expand by adding paid employees. The results suggest that finance is not the sole constraint to growth of microenterprises, and provides an explanation for the low rates of growth of enterprises supported by microlending
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  • 21
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (42 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Pandey, Priyanka Community Participation In Public Schools
    DDC: 370
    Keywords: Education ; Education for All ; Education sector ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Human development ; Human resource development ; Learning ; Learning outcomes ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Schools ; Teacher ; Teachers ; Tertiary Education ; Workers ; Education ; Education for All ; Education sector ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Human development ; Human resource development ; Learning ; Learning outcomes ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Schools ; Teacher ; Teachers ; Tertiary Education ; Workers ; Education ; Education for All ; Education sector ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Human development ; Human resource development ; Learning ; Learning outcomes ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Schools ; Teacher ; Teachers ; Tertiary Education ; Workers
    Abstract: This study evaluates the impact of a community-based information campaign on school performance from a cluster randomized control trial. The campaign consisted of eight to nine public meetings in each of 340 treatment villages across three Indian states to disseminate information to the community about its state mandated roles and responsibilities in school management. The findings from the first follow-up 2-4 months after the campaign show that providing information through a structured campaign to communities had a positive impact in all three states. In two states there was a significant and positive impact on reading (14-27 percent) in one of the three grades tested; in the third state there was a significant impact on writing in one grade (15 percent) and on mathematics in the other grade tested (27 percent). The intervention is associated with improvement in teacher effort in two states. Some improvements occurred in the delivery of certain benefits entitled to students (stipend, uniform, and mid day meal) and in process variables such as community participation in each of the three states. Follow-up research needs to examine whether there is a systematic increase in learning when the impact is measured over a longer time period and whether a campaign sustained over a longer time is able to generate greater impact on school outcomes
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  • 22
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (29 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Dessus, Sebastien Migration And Education Decisions In A Dynamic General Equilibrium Framework
    Keywords: Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Dependency ratios ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human capital ; Inequality ; Investm ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Labor supply ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Migrant ; Migration ; Policy research ; Policy research working paper ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Progress ; Remittances ; Skilled workers ; Social Protections and Labor ; Tertiary Education ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Dependency ratios ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human capital ; Inequality ; Investm ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Labor supply ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Migrant ; Migration ; Policy research ; Policy research working paper ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Progress ; Remittances ; Skilled workers ; Social Protections and Labor ; Tertiary Education ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Dependency ratios ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human capital ; Inequality ; Investm ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Labor supply ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Migrant ; Migration ; Policy research ; Policy research working paper ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Progress ; Remittances ; Skilled workers ; Social Protections and Labor ; Tertiary Education
    Abstract: With growing international skilled labor mobility, education and migration decisions have become increasingly inter-related, and potentially have a large impact on the growth trajectories of source countries, through their effects on labor supply, savings, or the cost of education. The authors develop a generic dynamic general equilibrium model to analyze the education-migration nexus in a consistent framework. They use the model as a laboratory to test empirical conditions for the existence of net brain gain, that is, greater domestic accumulation of human capital (in per capita terms) with greater migration of skilled workers. The results suggest that although some structural parameters can favor simultaneously greater human capital accumulation and greater skilled migration - such as high ratio of remittances over domestic incomes, high dependency ratios in migrant households, low dependency ratios in source countries, increasing returns to scale in the education sector, technological transfers and export market access with Diasporas, and efficient financial markets - this does not necessarily mean that greater migration encourages the constitution of greater stocks of human capital in source countries
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  • 23
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (43 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Marotta, Daniela Human Capital And University-Industry Linkages' Role In Fostering Firm Innovation
    Keywords: Agricultural Knowledge and Information Systems ; Agriculture ; Competitiveness ; E-Business ; Education ; Email Address ; Human Capital ; Innovation ; Innovation ; Innovation Program ; Internationalisation ; Knowledge for Development ; Labor Policies ; Manufacturing ; Private Sector Development ; R & D ; Rural Development ; Science and Technology Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Technological Innovation ; Web ; Agricultural Knowledge and Information Systems ; Agriculture ; Competitiveness ; E-Business ; Education ; Email Address ; Human Capital ; Innovation ; Innovation ; Innovation Program ; Internationalisation ; Knowledge for Development ; Labor Policies ; Manufacturing ; Private Sector Development ; R & D ; Rural Development ; Science and Technology Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Technological Innovation ; Web ; Agricultural Knowledge and Information Systems ; Agriculture ; Competitiveness ; E-Business ; Education ; Email Address ; Human Capital ; Innovation ; Innovation ; Innovation Program ; Internationalisation ; Knowledge for Development ; Labor Policies ; Manufacturing ; Private Sector Development ; R & D ; Rural Development ; Science and Technology Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Technological Innovation ; Web
    Abstract: A firm's absorptive capacity, human capital and linkages with knowledge institutions have been shown to increase the firm's probability of innovating in OECD economies. Despite its importance for national- and firm-level competitiveness, few papers examine the impact of the same variables for firms innovation in Latin America. This paper investigates the link between firm innovation and its absorption capacity as proxied by the presence of a R&D department, the firm's human capital, and its interaction with research centers and universities. We analyze the case of Chilean and Colombian manufacturing firms using data from innovation surveys. A probit regression model is applied to identify the determinants of innovation activity. We find that collaboration with university and research institutions is associated with an increase in the probability of introducing a new product in Chilean and Colombian firms of 29 and 44 percent, respectively, and it can increase up to 58 percent in the case of Colombian firms interacting with research centers. Moreover, firms whose employees have a higher level of education, or whose managers/supervisors have a higher (perceived) level of knowledge, are more likely to innovate. Although the estimates could be affected by biases and suffer from shortcomings in data, the findings suggest that policies and incentives to increase firm-level human capital and industry-university linkages are important to increase innovation in Latin America
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  • 24
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (22 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Asadullah, Mohammad Niaz Madrasas And Ngos
    DDC: 370
    Keywords: Curriculum ; Education ; Education for All ; Education sector ; Education services ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Female Education ; Female enrollment ; Gender ; Gender and Education ; Human Development ; Primary Education ; Primary schools ; Reading ; Schooling ; Schools ; Tertiary Education ; Curriculum ; Education ; Education for All ; Education sector ; Education services ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Female Education ; Female enrollment ; Gender ; Gender and Education ; Human Development ; Primary Education ; Primary schools ; Reading ; Schooling ; Schools ; Tertiary Education ; Curriculum ; Education ; Education for All ; Education sector ; Education services ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Female Education ; Female enrollment ; Gender ; Gender and Education ; Human Development ; Primary Education ; Primary schools ; Reading ; Schooling ; Schools ; Tertiary Education
    Abstract: There has been a proliferation of non-state providers of education services in the developing world. In Bangladesh, for instance, Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee runs more than 40,000 non-formal schools that cater to school-drop outs from poor families or operate in villages where there's little provision for formal schools. This paper presents a rationale for supporting these schools on the basis of their spillover effects on female enrollment in secondary (registered) madrasa schools (Islamic faith schools). Most madrasa high schools in Bangladesh are financed by the sate and include a modern curriculum alongside traditional religious subjects. Using an establishment-level dataset on student enrollment in secondary schools and madrasas, the authors demonstrate that the presence of madrasas is positively associated with secondary female enrollment growth. Such feminization of madrasas is therefore unique and merits careful analysis. The authors test the effects of the Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee primary schools on growth in female enrollment in madrasas. The analysis deals with potential endoegeneity by using data on number of the number of school branches and female members in the sub-district. The findings show that madrasas that are located in regions with a greater number of Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee schools have higher growth in female enrollment. This relationship is further strengthened by the finding that there is, however, no effect of these schools on female enrollment growth in secular schools
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  • 25
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (25 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Asadullah, Mohammad Niaz Poisoning The Mind
    Keywords: Achievement of Children ; Cognitive skills ; Education ; Education for All ; Educational participation ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Learning ; Learning outcomes ; Population Policies ; Primary data ; Reading ; School survey ; Schooling ; Secondary school ; Tertiary Education ; Urban Solid Waste Management ; Achievement of Children ; Cognitive skills ; Education ; Education for All ; Educational participation ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Learning ; Learning outcomes ; Population Policies ; Primary data ; Reading ; School survey ; Schooling ; Secondary school ; Tertiary Education ; Urban Solid Waste Management ; Achievement of Children ; Cognitive skills ; Education ; Education for All ; Educational participation ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Learning ; Learning outcomes ; Population Policies ; Primary data ; Reading ; School survey ; Schooling ; Secondary school ; Tertiary Education ; Urban Solid Waste Management
    Abstract: Bangladesh has experienced the largest mass poisoning of a population in history owing to contamination of groundwater with naturally occurring inorganic arsenic. Continuous drinking of such metal-contaminated water is highly cancerous; prolonged drinking of such water risks developing diseases in a span of just 5-10 years. Arsenicosis-intake of arsenic-contaminated drinking water-has implications for children's cognitive and psychological development. This study examines the effect of arsenicosis at school and at home on cognitive achievement of children in rural Bangladesh using recent nationally representative school survey data on students. Information on arsenic poisoning of the primary source of drinking water-tube wells-is used to ascertain arsenic exposure. The findings show an unambiguously negative and statistically significant correlation between mathematics score and arsenicosis at home, net of exposure at school. Split-sample analysis reveals that the effect is only specific to boys; for girls, the effect is negative but insignificant. Similar correlations are found for cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes such as subjective well-being, that is, a self-reported measure of life satisfaction (also a direct proxy for health status) of students and their performance in primary-standard mathematics. These correlations remain robust to controlling for school-level exposure
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (33 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Amin, Mohammad Competition And Demographics
    Keywords: Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Emerging Markets ; Knowledge for Development ; Labor Policies ; Labor market ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Market competition ; Markets and Market Access ; Price setting ; Private Sector Development ; Product markets ; Retail ; Retail stores ; Retailing ; Social Protections and Labor ; Spread ; Suppliers ; Tying ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Emerging Markets ; Knowledge for Development ; Labor Policies ; Labor market ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Market competition ; Markets and Market Access ; Price setting ; Private Sector Development ; Product markets ; Retail ; Retail stores ; Retailing ; Social Protections and Labor ; Spread ; Suppliers ; Tying ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Emerging Markets ; Knowledge for Development ; Labor Policies ; Labor market ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Market competition ; Markets and Market Access ; Price setting ; Private Sector Development ; Product markets ; Retail ; Retail stores ; Retailing ; Social Protections and Labor ; Spread ; Suppliers ; Tying
    Abstract: Mainstream economics views demographic changes in the structure of households as of little relevance for the behavior of firms or the functioning of markets. The present paper dispels this view by arguing that changes in the number of non-workers could affect the intensity with which consumers search for best prices and therefore the level of competition. The author also analyzes the relationship between income and competition, which some studies suggest is negative. The author argues that the negative relationship is most likely due to the demographic factors discussed
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (35 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Ravallion, Martin Evaluation In The Practice of Development
    Keywords: Beneficiaries ; Counterfactual ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Impact assessment ; Impact evaluation ; Infrastructure projects ; Intervention ; Learning ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Monitoring and Analysis ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty outcomes ; Programs ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Targeting ; Tertiary Education ; Beneficiaries ; Counterfactual ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Impact assessment ; Impact evaluation ; Infrastructure projects ; Intervention ; Learning ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Monitoring and Analysis ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty outcomes ; Programs ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Targeting ; Tertiary Education ; Beneficiaries ; Counterfactual ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Impact assessment ; Impact evaluation ; Infrastructure projects ; Intervention ; Learning ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Monitoring and Analysis ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty outcomes ; Programs ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Targeting ; Tertiary Education
    Abstract: Knowledge about development effectiveness is constrained by two factors. First, the project staff in governments and international agencies who decide how much to invest in research on specific interventions are often not well informed about the returns to rigorous evaluation and (even when they are) cannot be expected to take full account of the external benefits to others from new knowledge. This leads to under-investment in evaluative research. Second, while standard methods of impact evaluation are useful, they often leave many questions about development effectiveness unanswered. The paper proposes ten steps for making evaluations more relevant to the needs of practitioners. It is argued that more attention needs to be given to identifying policy-relevant questions (including the case for intervention); that a broader approach should be taken to the problems of internal validity; and that the problems of external validity (including scaling up) merit more attention
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (40 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Lewis, Maureen Social Exclusion And The Gender Gap In Education
    Keywords: Completion rates ; Disability ; Education ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Female education ; Gender ; Gender Gap ; Gender and Education ; Girls ; Human Development ; Learning ; Primary Education ; Primary school ; Primary school completion ; Schooling ; Social Protections and Labor ; Social development ; Completion rates ; Disability ; Education ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Female education ; Gender ; Gender Gap ; Gender and Education ; Girls ; Human Development ; Learning ; Primary Education ; Primary school ; Primary school completion ; Schooling ; Social Protections and Labor ; Social development ; Completion rates ; Disability ; Education ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Female education ; Gender ; Gender Gap ; Gender and Education ; Girls ; Human Development ; Learning ; Primary Education ; Primary school ; Primary school completion ; Schooling ; Social Protections and Labor ; Social development
    Abstract: Despite a sharp increase in the share of girls who enroll in, attend, and complete various levels of schooling, an educational gender gap remains in some countries. This paper argues that one explanation for this gender gap is the degree of social exclusion within these countries, as indicated by ethno-linguistic heterogeneity, which triggers both economic and psycho-social mechanisms to limit girls' schooling. Ethno-linguistic heterogeneity initially was applied to explaining lagging economic growth, but has emerged in the literature more recently to explain both civil conflict and public goods. This paper is a first application of the concept to explain gender gaps in education. The paper discusses the importance of female education for economic and social development, reviews the evidence regarding gender and ethnic differences in schooling, reviews the theoretical perspectives of various social science disciplines that seek to explain such differences, and tests the relevance of ethnic and linguistic heterogeneity in explaining cross-country differences in school attainment and learning. The study indicates that within-country ethnic and linguistic heterogeneity partly explains both national female primary school completion rates and gender differences in these rates, but only explains average national learning outcomes when national income measures are excluded
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (57 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Oosterbeek, Hessel Financing Lifelong Learning
    Keywords: Access to Finance ; Education ; Education finance ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Expenditures ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Higher education ; Human Development ; Income contingent loans ; Knowledge economy ; Lifelong Learning ; Literature ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Teachers ; Tertiary Education ; Access to Finance ; Education ; Education finance ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Expenditures ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Higher education ; Human Development ; Income contingent loans ; Knowledge economy ; Lifelong Learning ; Literature ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Teachers ; Tertiary Education ; Access to Finance ; Education ; Education finance ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Expenditures ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Higher education ; Human Development ; Income contingent loans ; Knowledge economy ; Lifelong Learning ; Literature ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Teachers ; Tertiary Education
    Abstract: This paper describes and analyzes different financial schemes to promote lifelong learning. Considered are financial instruments to stimulate successful early learning, financial aid schemes and subsidization mechanisms. Theoretical analyses about funding of early learning have mainly focused on vouchers. Yet, the available empirical evidence is more ambiguous about the effects of vouchers than about the effects of conditional cash transfers and financial incentives for pupils and teachers. Positive effects of financial incentives to pupils are not restricted to high ability pupils, as low ability students also seem to benefit. The evidence regarding the effects of subsidy forms is limited. The most prominent knowledge gaps regarding the effects of various financing schemes related to lifelong learning are the effects of vouchers in compulsory education; financial aid schemes for students; and entitlements and individual learning accounts
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402063022
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook Of Phenomenological Research 95
    DDC: 100
    RVK:
    Keywords: Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Education ; Education Philosophy ; Konferenzschrift ; Erziehungsphilosophie
    Abstract: Education is the transmission of knowledge and skill from one generation to another, and is vitally significant for the growth and unfolding of the living individual. It manifests the quintessential ability of the logos to differentiate life in self-individualization from within, and in its spread through inter-generative networks. The present collection of papers focuses on the underpinnings of the creative workings of the human strategies of reason.
    Abstract: Education is the transmission of knowledge and skill from one generation to another, and is vitally significant for the growth and unfolding of the living individual. It manifests the quintessential ability of the logos to differentiate life in self-individualization from within, and in its spread through inter-generative networks. Without reaching the evolutive phase of the human creative condition, the human being establishes a unique creative platform on which to conduct its co-existence. On this platform the progress of life is being transformed from a natural ontopoietic accomplishment into an autonomous achievement of the creative planning of the human mind. Specifically, human education focuses upon creative planning moving like a pendulum between nature and freedom. The present collection of papers focuses on the underpinnings of the creative workings of the human strategies of reason. Papers by: Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka, Zaiga Ikere, Daniela Verducci, Klymet Selvi, Andrina Tonkli-Komel, Jan Szmyd, Brian Grassom, Alon Segev, Mara Rubene, Dean Komel, Patricia Trutty-Coohill, Carmen Cozma, Piotr Mroz, Clara Mandolini, Mobeen Shahid, Semiha Akinci, Oliver W. Holmes, Khawaja Muhammad Saeed, Angela Ales Bello, Virpi Yliraudanjoki, Brian Hughes, Ella Buceniece, Halil Turan, Fabio Petrelli, Roberto Verolini, Bronislaw Bombala, Osvaldo Rossi, Joanna Handerek, Rimma Kurenkova, M. Chkeneva, Maija Kule, Nikolay Kozhevnikov
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Education For Creative Planning; Human Being as a Creative Differentiator of the Logos of Life; Education And The Ontopoietic Conception Of Life; Phenomenological Approach in Education; Poetry and Knowledge in Plato'S Critique of Sophistic Education; Civilizational Contexts of the Contemporary Educational Crisis; Beyond Knowledge; Philosophical System and Art Experience in Hegel and Gadamer; Distance Education "Here" and "now"; Art As The Possibility Of Philosophical; Can Art Be Taught?; Ethical View upon the Human Situation Within the "Unity-of-Everything-There-is-Alive"
    Description / Table of Contents: The Educational Aspect of the Primordial Situation of One's Being-in-the-worldAction, Work, and Education in Blondel; Husserl's Phenomenological Analysis of Ethics As a Foundation for Pedagogy; The Philosophical Roots of the Concepts of Equality and Justice in Education; Theories of Nature and Education in the Development of the Human Self in the Eighteenth Century; Spiritual Experience and the Foundation of Education; Self-Cultivation and Educative Responsibility; Merleau-Ponty's in Northern Feminist Education Context; Hermeneutic Excellence as a Meta-Ethic
    Description / Table of Contents: Sensuous Experience and Transcendental Empiricism (F. Brentano, E. Husserl, P. DAle)Learning by Eureka; Rethinking Education from the Perspective of Life; In Search of a New Model of Education; Art Between Communion and Communication; Relations with Others in the Face of Lévinas' il-y-a; Communication in the Teacher Training University; Humanities in Transcending the Perspective of Experience; Phenomenology of Modern Universalism; Back Matter
    Note: "Published under the auspices of the World Institute for Advanced Phenomenological Research and Learning , Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402063879
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Education in the Asia-Pacific Region: Issues, Concerns and Prospects 11
    DDC: 370.95
    Keywords: Education ; Arts ; Performing arts ; Humanities
    Abstract: Currently not available, will follow before Dec 30.
    Abstract: Written by leaders in a wide range of creative fields and from all corners of the Asian region, this collection of essays presents arts and education programs which reflect traditional and contemporary practices. The volume brings together researchers, practitioners, educators, children and young people with shared interests in the arts and activities that cross disciplinary divisions and aims to encourage the use of the arts in developing international understanding, celebrating cultural diversity, building cultural bridges and creating cross-cultural dialogue throughout the Asian region. Thi
    Description / Table of Contents: The Arts - Unifying Principles in Education; Masters and Pupils; Art for Education; Arts Education in Iran; The Arts-in-Education Programme; Arts Education in Cambodia; Representation of Japanese Art at the Art Gallery of New South Wales (Sydney, Australia); Mountains in the Evolution of Visual Arts in Kyrgyzstan; Development of Contemporary Art in Thailand; Information Technology, Art Education and Creativity in Singapore; The Power of Creation and Expression in Digital-Age Children; Art Education in Uzbekistan; To Strive, to Seek, to Find and not to Yield
    Description / Table of Contents: Sustainable Education for Sustaining CommunitiesNew and Varied Initiatives in Arts Education for Cultural Development in Philippine Society; Crossroads for Cultural Education Through Music; Symphony and Sa Re Ga; A Paradigm Shift in Teaching Music in Schools; Layers of Thought on Korean Music, Music Education and the Value of Music and Arts in the Context of Education and Human Development; Rasa - A Life Skill; Tertiary Dance Education in Malaysia; Theatre and Education; The Black Box Exercise; Conclusion
    Note: Description based upon print version of record , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402066139
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2007 Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Educational Research: Networks and Technologies 2
    Parallel Title: Print version Educational Research
    DDC: 370.72
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Education Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Pädagogik ; Empirische Forschung ; Pädagogik ; Forschungsmethode
    Abstract: There have always been networks in the context of educational research as well as particular technologies. Yet recent developments in ICT have put their mark on contemporary education and on educational research and more in general on knowledge and understanding. Does the ???network society??? and its supporting technologies constitute a thoroughly radical innovation in social practice? Does information technology poison the minds of the younger generation? Do educational institutions have to be transformed in order to effectively serve the needs of the twenty-first century? And what are the i
    Description / Table of Contents: FM.pdf; Toc.pdf; Book_Smeyers.pdf; Introduction.pdf; Ch-01.pdf; Ch-02.pdf; Ch-03.pdf; Ch-04.pdf; Ch-05.pdf; Ch-06.pdf; Ch-07.pdf; Ch-08.pdf; Ch-09.pdf; Ch-10.pdf; Ch-11.pdf; Ch-12.pdf; Ch-13.pdf; Ch-14.pdf; Ch-15.pdf; Ch-16.pdf
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 33
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (56 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Ayyagari, Meghana Firm Innovation In Emerging Markets
    Keywords: Competitor ; Competitors ; Cooperatives ; Corporations ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economy ; Education ; Emerging Markets ; Enterprises ; Entrepreneurs ; Entrepreneurship ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Institution ; Financial Literacy ; Firm ; Firm Size ; Firms ; Foreign Partners ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Knowledge for Development ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Microfinance ; Private Sector Development ; Small Scale Enterprises ; Social Protections and Labor ; Competitor ; Competitors ; Cooperatives ; Corporations ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economy ; Education ; Emerging Markets ; Enterprises ; Entrepreneurs ; Entrepreneurship ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Institution ; Financial Literacy ; Firm ; Firm Size ; Firms ; Foreign Partners ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Knowledge for Development ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Microfinance ; Private Sector Development ; Small Scale Enterprises ; Social Protections and Labor ; Competitor ; Competitors ; Cooperatives ; Corporations ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economy ; Education ; Emerging Markets ; Enterprises ; Entrepreneurs ; Entrepreneurship ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Institution ; Financial Literacy ; Firm ; Firm Size ; Firms ; Foreign Partners ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Knowledge for Development ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Microfinance ; Private Sector Development ; Small Scale Enterprises ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: The authors investigate the determinants of firm innovation in over 19,000 firms across 47 developing economies. They define the innovation process broadly, to include not only core innovation such as the introduction of new products and new technologies, but also other types of activities that promote knowledge transfers and adapt production processes. The authors find that more innovative firms are large exporting firms characterized by private ownership, highly educated managers with mid-level managerial experience, and access to external finance. In contrast, firms that do not innovate much are typically state-owned firms without foreign competitors. The identity of the controlling shareholder seems to be particularly important for core innovation, with those private firms whose controlling shareholder is a financial institution being the least innovative. While the use of external finance is associated with greater innovation by all private firms, it does not make state-owned firms more innovative. Financing from foreign banks is associated with higher levels of innovation compared with financing from domestic banks
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  • 34
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (19 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Verner, Dorte School Drop-Out And Push-Out Factors In Brazil
    Keywords: Adolescent Health ; Birth Rates ; Children and Youth ; Completion Rates ; Disability ; Education ; Education ; Education for All ; Elementary Education ; Enrollment Rates ; First Grade ; Grade Repetition ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; High School ; High School Diploma ; Low Educational Attainment ; Population Policies ; Primary Education ; Social Protections and Labor ; Street Children ; Tertiary Education ; Urban Development ; Youth and Government ; Adolescent Health ; Birth Rates ; Children and Youth ; Completion Rates ; Disability ; Education ; Education ; Education for All ; Elementary Education ; Enrollment Rates ; First Grade ; Grade Repetition ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; High School ; High School Diploma ; Low Educational Attainment ; Population Policies ; Primary Education ; Social Protections and Labor ; Street Children ; Tertiary Education ; Urban Development ; Youth and Government ; Adolescent Health ; Birth Rates ; Children and Youth ; Completion Rates ; Disability ; Education ; Education ; Education for All ; Elementary Education ; Enrollment Rates ; First Grade ; Grade Repetition ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; High School ; High School Diploma ; Low Educational Attainment ; Population Policies ; Primary Education ; Social Protections and Labor ; Street Children ; Tertiary Education ; Urban Development ; Youth and Government
    Abstract: This paper aims to identify the major drop-out and push-out factors that lead to school abandonment in an urban surrounding-the shantytowns of Fortaleza, Northeast Brazil. The authors use an extensive survey addressing risk factors faced by the population in these neighborhoods, which cover both in-school and out-of-school youth of both genders. They focus on the role of early parenthood, child labor, and poverty in pushing teenagers out of school. The potential endogeneity of some of the determinants is dealt with in the empirical analysis. The authors take advantage of the rich set of variables available and apply an instrumental variables approach. Early parenthood is instrumented with the age declared by the youngsters as the ideal age to start having sexual relationships. Work is instrumented using the declared reservation wage (minimum salary acceptable to work). Results indicate that early parenthood has a strong impact of driving teenagers out of school. Extreme poverty is another factor lowering school attendance, as children who have suffered hunger at some point in their lives are less likely to attend school. In this particular urban context, working does not necessarily have a detrimental effect on school attendance, which could be linked to the fact that dropping out of school leads most often to inactivity and not to work
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  • 35
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (36 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Leon, Joana Severo Youth Well-Being In Brazil
    Keywords: Adolescent Health ; Adolescents ; Age ; Aids ; Birth Weight ; Childhood To Adulthood ; Children ; Children and Youth ; Cigarette Smoking ; Education ; Families ; Gender ; Gender and Health ; Health, Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Rights ; Illicit Drug Use ; Mortality ; Mortality Rate ; Population Policies ; Primary Education ; Youth and Government ; Adolescent Health ; Adolescents ; Age ; Aids ; Birth Weight ; Childhood To Adulthood ; Children ; Children and Youth ; Cigarette Smoking ; Education ; Families ; Gender ; Gender and Health ; Health, Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Rights ; Illicit Drug Use ; Mortality ; Mortality Rate ; Population Policies ; Primary Education ; Youth and Government ; Adolescent Health ; Adolescents ; Age ; Aids ; Birth Weight ; Childhood To Adulthood ; Children ; Children and Youth ; Cigarette Smoking ; Education ; Families ; Gender ; Gender and Health ; Health, Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Rights ; Illicit Drug Use ; Mortality ; Mortality Rate ; Population Policies ; Primary Education ; Youth and Government
    Abstract: This study constructs three indices to measure how well Brazil's young people are surviving their transition to adulthood. Youth development is difficult to quantify because of the multi-dimensionality of youth behavior. Most monitoring use individual indicators in specific sectors, making it difficult to track overall progress. The study adapts to the Brazilian case a methodology developed by Duke University to measure the well-being of U.S. children and youth. It uses readily available data to construct three indices for each Brazilian state based on 36 indicators encompassing the health, behavior, school performance, institutional connectedness, and socioeconomic conditions. The indices conclude that young people in the states of Santa Catarina and the Federal District are doing particularly well and those in Alagoas and Pernambuco are the worst off. While these rankings are expected to continue into the next generation, young people in other states have a brighter (Espiritu Santo) or more dismal (Rio Grande de Sul, Tocatins) future due to underinvestment in today's children. Still others (Rio de Janeiro) are underutilizing their resources so their young citizens are in a worse situation than they could be if the state were to invest more. The hope is that the methodology can be used in Brazil as it has been used in the United States to estimate the indices annually, thus allowing policymakers, young people, and society to track the well-being of youth in each state over time
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  • 36
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (34 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Ostby, Gudrun Horizontal Inequalities, Political Environment, And Civil Conflict
    Keywords: Armed Conflict ; Boundary ; Civil War ; Civil Wars ; Conflict ; Conflict and Development ; Conflicts ; Constraints ; Criminality ; Education ; Education and Society ; Elections ; Exploitation ; Gender ; Genocide ; Governance ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Security ; Independence ; Industry ; Law and Development ; Parliamentary Government ; Population Policies ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Post Conflict Reintegration ; Poverty Reduction ; Services and Transfers to Poor ; Social Conflict and Violence ; Social Development ; Armed Conflict ; Boundary ; Civil War ; Civil Wars ; Conflict ; Conflict and Development ; Conflicts ; Constraints ; Criminality ; Education ; Education and Society ; Elections ; Exploitation ; Gender ; Genocide ; Governance ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Security ; Independence ; Industry ; Law and Development ; Parliamentary Government ; Population Policies ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Post Conflict Reintegration ; Poverty Reduction ; Services and Transfers to Poor ; Social Conflict and Violence ; Social Development ; Armed Conflict ; Boundary ; Civil War ; Civil Wars ; Conflict ; Conflict and Development ; Conflicts ; Constraints ; Criminality ; Education ; Education and Society ; Elections ; Exploitation ; Gender ; Genocide ; Governance ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Security ; Independence ; Industry ; Law and Development ; Parliamentary Government ; Population Policies ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Post Conflict Reintegration ; Poverty Reduction ; Services and Transfers to Poor ; Social Conflict and Violence ; Social Development
    Abstract: Several studies of civil war have concluded that economic inequality between individuals does not increase the risk of internal armed conflict. This is perhaps not so surprising. Even though an individual may feel frustrated if he is poor compared with other individuals in society, he will not start a rebellion on his own. Civil wars are organized group conflicts, not a matter of individuals randomly committing violence against each other. Hence, we should not neglect the group aspect of human well-being and conflict. Systematic inequalities that coincide with ethnic, religious, or geographical cleavages in a country are often referred to as horizontal inequalities (or inter-group inequalities). Case studies of particular countries as well as some statistical studies have found that such inequalities between identity groups tend to be associated with a higher risk of internal conflict. But the emergence of violent group mobilization in a country with sharp horizontal inequalities may depend on the characteristics of the political regime. For example, in an autocracy, grievances that stem from group inequalities are likely to be large and frequent, but state repression may prevent them from being openly expressed. This paper investigates the relationship between horizontal inequalities, political environment, and civil war in developing countries. Based on national survey data from 55 countries it calculates welfare inequalities between ethnic, religious, and regional groups for each country using indicators such as household assets and educational levels. All the inequality measures, particularly regional inequality, are positively associated with higher risks of conflict outbreak. And it seems that the conflict potential of regional inequality is stronger for pure democratic and intermediate regimes than for pure autocratic regimes. Institutional arrangements also seem to matter. In fact it seems that the conflict potential of horizontal inequalities increases with more inclusive electoral systems. Finally, the presence of both regional inequalities and political exclusion of minority groups seems to make countries particularly at risk for conflict. The main policy implication of these findings is that the combination of politically and economically inclusive government is required to secure peace in developing countries
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (17 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Jennings, Colin Political Leadership, Conflict, And The Prospects For Constitutional Peace
    Keywords: Agreement ; Agreements ; Compromise ; Conflict ; Conflict Resolution ; Conflict and Development ; Constitutional Reform ; Contract ; Convention ; Conventions ; Economy ; Education ; Education and Society ; Fighting ; Frontier ; Meeting ; Peace and Peacekeeping ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Post Conflict Reintegration ; Agreement ; Agreements ; Compromise ; Conflict ; Conflict Resolution ; Conflict and Development ; Constitutional Reform ; Contract ; Convention ; Conventions ; Economy ; Education ; Education and Society ; Fighting ; Frontier ; Meeting ; Peace and Peacekeeping ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Post Conflict Reintegration ; Agreement ; Agreements ; Compromise ; Conflict ; Conflict Resolution ; Conflict and Development ; Constitutional Reform ; Contract ; Convention ; Conventions ; Economy ; Education ; Education and Society ; Fighting ; Frontier ; Meeting ; Peace and Peacekeeping ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Post Conflict Reintegration
    Abstract: The emphasis on constitutional political economy has been that new rules and institutions can be devised that improve the welfare of a society. Given the number of societies that are infected with political conflict and, as a result, lower levels of welfare, this paper attempts to analyze why we do not see more constitutional conventions aimed at eliminating conflict. The key idea is that expressively motivated group members may create incentives for instrumentally motivated group leaders such that it leads them to choose conflict rather than compromise. Nonetheless, it is not argued that such a peace is impossible to obtain. This leads to a further question, that if such a constitutional agreement could be found, would the expressive perspective alter the conventional instrumental perspective on the sort of constitutional reform that should be undertaken?
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  • 38
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (32 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Coulibaly, Souleymane Urbanization And Productivity
    Keywords: Business environment ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial support ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Knowledge for Development ; Localization ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Manufacturing ; Market access ; Market potential ; Municipal Financial Management ; Population Policies ; Private Sector Development ; Productivity ; Result ; Results ; Urban Development ; Web ; Business environment ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial support ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Knowledge for Development ; Localization ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Manufacturing ; Market access ; Market potential ; Municipal Financial Management ; Population Policies ; Private Sector Development ; Productivity ; Result ; Results ; Urban Development ; Web ; Business environment ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial support ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Knowledge for Development ; Localization ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Manufacturing ; Market access ; Market potential ; Municipal Financial Management ; Population Policies ; Private Sector Development ; Productivity ; Result ; Results ; Urban Development ; Web
    Abstract: Since the early 1980s, Turkey has been going through a rapid urbanization process at a pace beyond the World average. This paper aims at assessing the impact of this rapid urbanization process on the country's sector productivity. The authors built a database combining two-digit manufacturing data and some geographical, infrastructural, and socio-economic data collected at the provincial level by the Turkish State Institute of Statistics. The paper develops a parsimonious econometric relation linking sector productivity to accessibility, localization, and urbanization economies, proxying variables in the tradition of the New Economic Geography literature. The estimation results suggest that both localization and urbanization economies, as well as market accessibility, are productivity-enhancing factors in Turkey, although the causation link between productivity and these agglomeration measures is not clearly established. The sector-by-sector estimation confirms this result, although the localization economies effect is negative for the non-oil mineral sector, and the urbanization economies effect is weak for natural-resource-based sectors such as the wood and metal industry. Although the data cover the period up to 2000 and thus ignore the financial crisis that hit Turkey in 2001, the current structural transformation of the country away from the agricultural sector gives room to use the insights of these results as a preliminary step to understand the new challenges faced by the Turkish manufacturing sector. The results provide a discussion base to revisit the policy agenda on the improvement of the accessibility to markets, the improvement of the business environment to ease the creation and development of new firms, and a well-managed urbanization process to tap in the economic potential of cities
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (34 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Beegle, Kathleen The Long-Run Impact of Orphanhood
    Keywords: Aged ; Education ; Extended families ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health effects ; Health outcomes ; Health services ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Mortality ; Population Policies ; Primary Education ; Social Research ; Street Children ; Urban Development ; Vaccination ; Workers ; Young adults ; Youth and Government ; Aged ; Education ; Extended families ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health effects ; Health outcomes ; Health services ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Mortality ; Population Policies ; Primary Education ; Social Research ; Street Children ; Urban Development ; Vaccination ; Workers ; Young adults ; Youth and Government ; Aged ; Education ; Extended families ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health effects ; Health outcomes ; Health services ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Mortality ; Population Policies ; Primary Education ; Social Research ; Street Children ; Urban Development ; Vaccination ; Workers ; Young adults ; Youth and Government
    Abstract: This paper presents unique evidence that orphanhood matters in the long run for health and education outcomes, in a region of Northwestern Tanzania. The paper studies a sample of 718 non-orphaned children surveyed in 1991-94, who were traced and re-interviewed as adults in 2004. A large proportion, 19 percent, lost one or more parents before the age of 15 in this period, allowing the authors to assess the permanent health and education impacts of orphanhood. The analysis controls for a wide range of child and adult characteristics before orphanhood, as well as community fixed effects. The findings show that maternal orphanhood has a permanent adverse impact of 2 cm of final height attainment and one year of educational attainment. Expressing welfare in terms of consumption expenditure, the result is a gap of 8.5 percent compared with similar children whose mother survived till at least their 15th birthday
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  • 40
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (42 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Lambert, Sylvie A Micro-Decomposition Analysis of The Macroeconomic Determinants of Human Development
    Keywords: Curriculum ; Education ; Education for All ; Enrollment ; Enrollment rate ; Gender gap ; Gender of teachers ; Girls ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Development ; Inequality ; Literacy ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Primary Education ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Schooling ; Schools ; Curriculum ; Education ; Education for All ; Enrollment ; Enrollment rate ; Gender gap ; Gender of teachers ; Girls ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Development ; Inequality ; Literacy ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Primary Education ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Schooling ; Schools ; Curriculum ; Education ; Education for All ; Enrollment ; Enrollment rate ; Gender gap ; Gender of teachers ; Girls ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Development ; Inequality ; Literacy ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Primary Education ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Schooling ; Schools
    Abstract: This paper shows how differences in aggregate human development outcomes over time and space can be additively decomposed into a pure economic-growth component, a component attributed to differences in the distribution of income, and components attributed to "non-income" factors and differences in the model linking outcomes to income or non-income characteristics. The income effect at the micro level is modeled non-parametrically, so as to flexibly reflect distributional changes. The paper illustrates the decomposition using data for Morocco and Vietnam, and the results offer some surprising insights into the observed aggregate gains in schooling attainments. A user friendly STATA program is available to implement the method in other settings
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  • 41
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (39 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Czubala, Witold Help Or Hindrance ?
    Keywords: Article ; Bibliographic Database ; Catalogue ; Description ; Documents ; Education ; Information Management ; Information Security and Privacy ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Probability ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Standardization ; Standards and Technical Regulations ; Terminology ; Web ; Website ; Article ; Bibliographic Database ; Catalogue ; Description ; Documents ; Education ; Information Management ; Information Security and Privacy ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Probability ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Standardization ; Standards and Technical Regulations ; Terminology ; Web ; Website ; Article ; Bibliographic Database ; Catalogue ; Description ; Documents ; Education ; Information Management ; Information Security and Privacy ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Probability ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Standardization ; Standards and Technical Regulations ; Terminology ; Web ; Website
    Abstract: The authors test the hypothesis that product standards harmonized to de facto international standards are less trade restrictive than ones that are not. To do this, the authors construct a new database of European Union (EU) product standards. The authors identify standards that are aligned with ISO standards (as a proxy for de facto international norms). The authors use a sample-selection gravity model to examine the impact of EU standards on African textiles and clothing exports, a sector of particular development interest. The authors find robust evidence that non-harmonized standards reduce African exports of these products. EU standards which are harmonized to ISO standards are less trade restricting. Our results suggest that efforts to promote African exports of manufactures may need to be complemented by measures to reduce the cost impacts of product standards, including international harmonization. In addition, efforts to harmonize national standards with international norms, including through the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade Agreement, promise concrete benefits through trade expansion
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  • 42
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (25 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Cerdan-Infantes, Pedro More Time Is Better
    Keywords: Academic Year ; Disability ; Education ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Gender ; Gender and Education ; Human Development ; Learning Outcomes ; Literature ; Ministry of Education ; Papers ; Pedagogical Model ; Primary Education ; Research ; School ; Schools ; Science ; Secondary Education ; Social Protections and Labor ; Student ; Student ; Tertiary Education ; Academic Year ; Disability ; Education ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Gender ; Gender and Education ; Human Development ; Learning Outcomes ; Literature ; Ministry of Education ; Papers ; Pedagogical Model ; Primary Education ; Research ; School ; Schools ; Science ; Secondary Education ; Social Protections and Labor ; Student ; Student ; Tertiary Education ; Academic Year ; Disability ; Education ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Gender ; Gender and Education ; Human Development ; Learning Outcomes ; Literature ; Ministry of Education ; Papers ; Pedagogical Model ; Primary Education ; Research ; School ; Schools ; Science ; Secondary Education ; Social Protections and Labor ; Student ; Student ; Tertiary Education
    Abstract: This paper estimates the impact of the full-time school program in Uruguay on standardized test scores of 6th grade students. The program lengthened the school day from a half day to a full day, and provided additional inputs to schools to make this possible, such as additional teachers and construction of classrooms. The program was not randomly placed, but targeted poor urban schools. Using propensity score matching, the authors construct a comparable group of schools, and show that students in very disadvantaged schools improved in their test scores by 0.07 of a standard deviation per year of participation in the full-time program in mathematics, and 0.04 in language. While the program is expensive, it may, if well targeted, help address inequalities in education in Uruguay, at an increase in cost per student not larger than the current deficit in spending between Uruguay and the rest of the region
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  • 43
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (37 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Woolcock, Michael Local Conflict And Development Projects In Indonesia
    Keywords: Armed Conflict ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Conflict Mediation ; Conflict and Development ; Conflicts ; Consultants ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Development Project ; Development Projects ; Dispute Resolution ; Economic Development ; Economies ; Education ; Education and Society ; Ethnic Diversity ; International Community ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Post Conflict Reintegration ; Poverty Reduction ; Social Accountability ; Social Conflict and Violence ; Social Development ; Armed Conflict ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Conflict Mediation ; Conflict and Development ; Conflicts ; Consultants ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Development Project ; Development Projects ; Dispute Resolution ; Economic Development ; Economies ; Education ; Education and Society ; Ethnic Diversity ; International Community ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Post Conflict Reintegration ; Poverty Reduction ; Social Accountability ; Social Conflict and Violence ; Social Development ; Armed Conflict ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Conflict Mediation ; Conflict and Development ; Conflicts ; Consultants ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Development Project ; Development Projects ; Dispute Resolution ; Economic Development ; Economies ; Education ; Education and Society ; Ethnic Diversity ; International Community ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Post Conflict Reintegration ; Poverty Reduction ; Social Accountability ; Social Conflict and Violence ; Social Development
    Abstract: Drawing on an integrated mixed methods research design, the authors explore the dynamics of the development-conflict nexus in rural Indonesia, and the specific role of development projects in shaping the nature, extent, and trajectories of "everyday" conflicts. They find that projects that give inadequate attention to dispute resolution mechanisms in many cases stimulate local conflict, either through the injection of development resources themselves or less directly by exacerbating preexisting tensions in target communities. But projects that have explicit and accessible procedures for managing disputes arising from the development process are much less likely to lead to violent outcomes. The authors argue that such projects are more successful in addressing project-related conflicts because they establish direct procedures (such as forums, facilitators, and complaints mechanisms) for dealing with tensions as they arise. These direct mechanisms are less successful in addressing broader social tensions elicited by, or external to, the development process, though program mechanisms can ameliorate conflict indirectly through changing norms and networks of interaction
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (54 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Nielsen, Chantal Pohl Immigrant Overeducation
    Keywords: Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Education ; Education for All ; Educational attainment ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human capital ; Jobs ; Labor Markets ; Labor market ; Labor market experience ; Labour ; Labour market ; Occupation ; Population Policies ; Social Protections and Labor ; Vocational education ; Worker ; Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Education ; Education for All ; Educational attainment ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human capital ; Jobs ; Labor Markets ; Labor market ; Labor market experience ; Labour ; Labour market ; Occupation ; Population Policies ; Social Protections and Labor ; Vocational education ; Worker ; Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Education ; Education for All ; Educational attainment ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human capital ; Jobs ; Labor Markets ; Labor market ; Labor market experience ; Labour ; Labour market ; Occupation ; Population Policies ; Social Protections and Labor ; Vocational education ; Worker
    Abstract: Anecdotes abound in the Danish public debate about well-educated immigrants that are in jobs they are formally overqualified for. Using a 1995-2002 panel data set based on Danish registers, this study attempts to find out how large a problem immigrant overeducation is in the context of the Danish labor market. More specifically, three questions are posed: First, to what extent are immigrants overeducated and are they more likely to be so than native Danes? Second, why are some immigrants more likely to become overeducated than others? And finally, what are the consequences of overeducation for individual wages? The authors find that among wage earners with at least a vocational education or higher, 25 percent of male non-Western immigrants are overeducated. The same applies for 15 percent of native Danes. Particularly immigrants with a foreign-acquired education risk becoming overeducated - here the share is 30 percent among those with a vocational education or higher. The authors find that Danish labor market experience is extremely important in reducing the likelihood of becoming overeducated. Years spent in the country without accumulating labor market experience do not improve an individual's chances of an appropriate job-to-education match. In terms of earnings consequences, the study concludes that years of overeducation do increase wages for immigrants, but much less so than years of adequate education. This is also true for native Danes, but the relative penalty for overeducation is much larger for immigrants than for Danes
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (25 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Yusuf, Shahid About Urban Mega Regions
    Keywords: Agglomeration economies ; Congestion ; E-Business ; Education ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Pollution ; Population Policies ; Private Sector Development ; Suburbs ; Surface transport ; Tax ; Tertiary Education ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transport costs ; Transport infrastructure ; Transportation ; Agglomeration economies ; Congestion ; E-Business ; Education ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Pollution ; Population Policies ; Private Sector Development ; Suburbs ; Surface transport ; Tax ; Tertiary Education ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transport costs ; Transport infrastructure ; Transportation ; Agglomeration economies ; Congestion ; E-Business ; Education ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Pollution ; Population Policies ; Private Sector Development ; Suburbs ; Surface transport ; Tax ; Tertiary Education ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transport costs ; Transport infrastructure ; Transportation
    Abstract: Mega urban regions are not a passing phenomenon. They are likely to persist and to enlarge their economic footprints because they benefit from the advantages of market scale, agglomeration economies, location, and the increasing concentration of talented workers. Metropolitan regions which are polycentric, relatively well managed, and have invested heavily in transport infrastructure are able to contain some of the problems attendant upon a concentration of people and industry. Moreover, with energy and water resources becoming relatively scarce and many countries anxious to preserve arable land for farming, the economic advantages of densely populated urban areas are on the rise because they have a lower resource utilization quotient. During the next 15 years, mega urban economies could coalesce in three Southeast Asian locations: Bangkok, Jakarta, and the Singapore-Iskander Development Region (IDR, South Johor). The Bangkok and Jakarta (Jabotabek) metropolitan regions have passed the threshold at least in terms of population size but they have yet to approach the industrial diversity, dynamism, and growth rates of a Shanghai or a Shenzhen-Hong Kong region. Singapore, if coupled with IDR, has the potential but it is still far from being an integrated urban region. This paper examines the gains from closer economic integration and the issues to be settled before it could occur. The paper notes that a tightening of localized economic links between two sovereign nations through the formation of an urban region would involve a readiness to make long-term political commitments based on a widely perceived sense of substantial spillovers and equitably shared benefits. Delineating these benefits convincingly will be essential to winning political support and a precondition for a successful economic flowering
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  • 46
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (32 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Patrinos, Harry Anthony Institutional effects as determinants of learning outcomes
    Keywords: Education ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Human Development ; Learning ; Learning Outcomes ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Quality of Education ; Schools ; Secondary Education ; State education ; Student achievement ; Student learning ; Teachers ; Tertiary Education ; Education ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Human Development ; Learning ; Learning Outcomes ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Quality of Education ; Schools ; Secondary Education ; State education ; Student achievement ; Student learning ; Teachers ; Tertiary Education ; Education ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Human Development ; Learning ; Learning Outcomes ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Quality of Education ; Schools ; Secondary Education ; State education ; Student achievement ; Student learning ; Teachers ; Tertiary Education
    Abstract: This paper uses the OECD's Program for International Student Assessment student-level achievement database for Mexico to estimate state education production functions, controlling for student characteristics, family background, home inputs, resources, and institutions. The authors take advantage of the state-level variation and representative sample to analyze the impact of institutional factors such as state accountability systems and the role of teachers' unions in student achievement. They argue that accountability, through increased use of state assessments, will improve learning outcomes. The authors also cast light on the role of teachers' unions, namely their strength through appointments to the school and relations with state governments. The analysis shows the importance of good relations between states and unions. Furthermore, it demonstrates that accountability systems are cost-effective measures for improving outcomes
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  • 47
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (48 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Shalizi, Zmarak Balancing expenditures on mitigation of and adaptation to climate change
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Budget constraints ; Damages ; Debt Markets ; Development policies ; Development strategies ; Development strategy ; Disability ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Educational Sciences ; Equilibrium ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; GDP ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Natural resources ; Optimization ; Social Development ; Social Inclusion and Institutions ; Social Protections and Labor ; Agriculture ; Budget constraints ; Damages ; Debt Markets ; Development policies ; Development strategies ; Development strategy ; Disability ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Educational Sciences ; Equilibrium ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; GDP ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Natural resources ; Optimization ; Social Development ; Social Inclusion and Institutions ; Social Protections and Labor ; Agriculture ; Budget constraints ; Damages ; Debt Markets ; Development policies ; Development strategies ; Development strategy ; Disability ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Educational Sciences ; Equilibrium ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; GDP ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Natural resources ; Optimization ; Social Development ; Social Inclusion and Institutions ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: Although climate policies have been so far mostly focused on mitigation, adaptation to climate change is a growing concern in developed and developing countries. This paper discusses how adaptation fits into the global climate strategy, at the global and national levels. To do so, a partial equilibrium optimization model of climate policies-which includes mitigation, proactive adaptation (ex ante), and reactive adaptation (ex post)-is solved without and with uncertainty. Mitigation, proactive adaptation, and reactive adaptation are found to be generally jointly determined. Uncertainty on the location of damages reduces the benefits of "targeted" proactive adaptation with regard to mitigation and reactive adaptation. However, no single country controls global mitigation policies, and budget constraints might make it difficult for developing countries to finance reactive adaptation, especially if climate shocks affect the fiscal base. Rainy-day funds are identified as a supplemental instrument that can alleviate future budget constraints while avoiding the risk of misallocating resources when the location of damages is uncertain
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (96 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Abadzi, Helen Absenteeism And Beyond
    Keywords: Education ; Education for All ; Educational Quality ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Human Development ; Instruction ; Learning ; Learning outcomes ; Literacy ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Schools ; Secondary Education ; Social Sciences ; Teacher ; Tertiary Education ; Education ; Education for All ; Educational Quality ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Human Development ; Instruction ; Learning ; Learning outcomes ; Literacy ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Schools ; Secondary Education ; Social Sciences ; Teacher ; Tertiary Education ; Education ; Education for All ; Educational Quality ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Human Development ; Instruction ; Learning ; Learning outcomes ; Literacy ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Schools ; Secondary Education ; Social Sciences ; Teacher ; Tertiary Education
    Abstract: Studies have shown that learning outcomes are related to the amount of time students engage in learning tasks. However, visits to schools have revealed that students are often taught for only a fraction of the intended time, particularly in lower-income countries. Losses are due to informal school closures, teacher absenteeism, delays, early departures, and sub-optimal use of time in the classroom. A study was undertaken to develop an efficient methodology for measuring instructional time loss. Thus, instructional time use was measured in sampled schools in Tunisia, Morocco, Ghana, and the Brazilian state of Pernambuco. The percentage of time that students were engaged in learning vis-à-vis government expectations was approximately 39 percent in Ghana, 63 percent in Pernambuco, 71 percent in Morocco, and 78 percent in Tunisia. Instructional time use is a mediator variable that is challenging to measure, so it often escapes scrutiny. Research suggests that merely financing the ingredients of instruction is not enough to produce learning outcomes; students must also get sufficient time to process the information. The quantity-quality tradeoff that often accompanies large-scale enrollments may be partly due to instructional time restrictions. Time wastage also distorts budgetary outlays and teacher salary rates. To achieve the Millennium Development Goals students must get more of the time that governments, donors, and parents pay for
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (82 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Available in another form Exports and Productivity
    Keywords: Buyers ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Export Market ; Export Markets ; International Comparison ; Knowledge for Development ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Marketing ; Networks ; Private Sector Development ; Productivity ; Result ; Results ; Social Protections and Labor ; Web ; Buyers ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Export Market ; Export Markets ; International Comparison ; Knowledge for Development ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Marketing ; Networks ; Private Sector Development ; Productivity ; Result ; Results ; Social Protections and Labor ; Web ; Buyers ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Export Market ; Export Markets ; International Comparison ; Knowledge for Development ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Marketing ; Networks ; Private Sector Development ; Productivity ; Result ; Results ; Social Protections and Labor ; Web
    Abstract: The authors use comparable micro level panel data for 14 countries and a set of identically specified empirical models to investigate the relationship between exports and productivity. The overall results are in line with the big picture that is by now familiar from the literature: Exporters are more productive than non-exporters when observed and unobserved heterogeneity are controlled for, and these exporter productivity premia tend to increase with the share of exports in total sales; there is strong evidence in favour of self-selection of more productive firms into export markets, but nearly no evidence in favour of the learning-by-exporting hypothesis. The authors document that the exporter premia differ considerably across countries in identically specified empirical models. In a meta-analysis of their results the authors find that countries that are more open and have more effective government report higher productivity premia. However, the level of development per se does not appear to be an explanation for the observed cross-country differences
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  • 50
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (34 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: McKenzie, David A Land of Milk And Honey With Streets Paved With Gold
    Keywords: Accurate Information ; Annual Income ; Bank ; Consumer ; Consumer Goods ; Demands ; Earnings ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Health Systems Development and Reform ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Income ; Income ; Income ; Incomes ; Information ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Money ; Population Policies ; Public Sector Development ; Remittances ; Social Protections and Labor ; Accurate Information ; Annual Income ; Bank ; Consumer ; Consumer Goods ; Demands ; Earnings ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Health Systems Development and Reform ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Income ; Income ; Income ; Incomes ; Information ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Money ; Population Policies ; Public Sector Development ; Remittances ; Social Protections and Labor ; Accurate Information ; Annual Income ; Bank ; Consumer ; Consumer Goods ; Demands ; Earnings ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Health Systems Development and Reform ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Income ; Income ; Income ; Incomes ; Information ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Money ; Population Policies ; Public Sector Development ; Remittances ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: Millions of people emigrate every year in search of better economic and social opportunities. Anecdotal evidence suggests that emigrants may have over-optimistic expectations about the incomes they can earn abroad, resulting in excessive migration pressure, and in disappointment among those who do migrate. Yet there is almost no statistical evidence on how accurately these emigrants predict the incomes that they will earn working abroad. In this paper the authors combine a natural emigration experiment with unique survey data on would-be emigrants' probabilistic expectations about employment and incomes in the migration destination. Their procedure enables them to obtain moments and quantiles of the subjective distribution of expected earnings in the destination country. The authors find a significant underestimation of both unconditional and conditional labor earnings at all points in the distribution. This underestimation appears driven in part by potential migrants placing too much weight on the negative employment experiences of some migrants, and by inaccurate information flows from extended family, who may be trying to moderate remittance demands by understating incomes
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (54 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Domeland, Dorte Trade And Human Capital Accumulation
    Keywords: Capital Accumulation ; Comparative Advantage ; Cost ; Country Strategy and Performance ; Debt Markets ; Demand ; Economic Growth ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economics ; Education ; Educational Sciences ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Free Trade ; GDP ; Gross Domestic Product ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Home Country ; Human Capital ; International ; Labor Markets ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Political Economy ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Capital Accumulation ; Comparative Advantage ; Cost ; Country Strategy and Performance ; Debt Markets ; Demand ; Economic Growth ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economics ; Education ; Educational Sciences ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Free Trade ; GDP ; Gross Domestic Product ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Home Country ; Human Capital ; International ; Labor Markets ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Political Economy ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Capital Accumulation ; Comparative Advantage ; Cost ; Country Strategy and Performance ; Debt Markets ; Demand ; Economic Growth ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economics ; Education ; Educational Sciences ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Free Trade ; GDP ; Gross Domestic Product ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Home Country ; Human Capital ; International ; Labor Markets ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Political Economy ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: This study provides empirical evidence that trade increases on-the-job human capital accumulation by estimating the effect of home country openness on estimated returns to home country experience of U.S. immigrants. The positive effect of trade on on-the-job human capital accumulation remains significant when controlling for GDP, educational attainment, and institutional quality. It is not the result of self-selection, heterogeneity in returns to experience, English-speaking origin, or cultural background. The effect persists when restricting the sample to non-OECD countries, thereby resolving the theoretical ambiguity of whether trade increases or decreases learning-by-doing. The role of trade in generating economic growth is therefore likely to be more important than generally considered
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  • 52
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (34 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Bundervoet, Tom Civil War, Crop Failure, And Child Stunting In Rwanda
    Keywords: Adolescent Health ; Age ; Boys ; Child Health ; Children ; Children and Youth ; Civil Conflict ; Civil War ; Conflict and Development ; Early Childhood ; Education ; Health, Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Level ; Infant ; Information Systems ; Policy ; Policy Makers ; Policy Research ; Population Policies ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Street Children ; Urban Development ; Youth and Government ; Adolescent Health ; Age ; Boys ; Child Health ; Children ; Children and Youth ; Civil Conflict ; Civil War ; Conflict and Development ; Early Childhood ; Education ; Health, Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Level ; Infant ; Information Systems ; Policy ; Policy Makers ; Policy Research ; Population Policies ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Street Children ; Urban Development ; Youth and Government ; Adolescent Health ; Age ; Boys ; Child Health ; Children ; Children and Youth ; Civil Conflict ; Civil War ; Conflict and Development ; Early Childhood ; Education ; Health, Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Level ; Infant ; Information Systems ; Policy ; Policy Makers ; Policy Research ; Population Policies ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Street Children ; Urban Development ; Youth and Government
    Abstract: Economic shocks at birth have lasting effects on children's health several years after the shock. The authors calculate height for age z-scores for children under age five using data from a Rwandan nationally representative household survey conducted in 1992. They exploit district and time variation in crop failure and civil conflict to measure the impact of exogenous shocks that children experience at birth on their height several years later. They find that boys and girls born after the shock in regions experiencing civil conflict are both negatively affected with height for age z-scores 0.30 and 0.72 standard deviations lower, respectively. Conversely, only girls are negatively affected by crop failure, with these girls exhibiting 0.41 standard deviation lower height for age z-scores and the impact is worse for girls in poor households. Results are robust to using sibling difference estimators, household level production, and rainfall shocks as alternative measures of crop failure
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  • 53
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (50 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Lukyanova, Anna Skills Shortages And Training In Russian Enterprises
    Keywords: Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Education ; Education for All ; Educational achievements ; Educational attainment ; Formal education ; Formal education system ; Higher education ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Primary Education ; Quality of education ; Returns to education ; Schooling ; Service training ; Skilled workers ; Social Protections and Labor ; Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Education ; Education for All ; Educational achievements ; Educational attainment ; Formal education ; Formal education system ; Higher education ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Primary Education ; Quality of education ; Returns to education ; Schooling ; Service training ; Skilled workers ; Social Protections and Labor ; Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Education ; Education for All ; Educational achievements ; Educational attainment ; Formal education ; Formal education system ; Higher education ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Primary Education ; Quality of education ; Returns to education ; Schooling ; Service training ; Skilled workers ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: In the transition to a market economy, the Russian workforce underwent a wrenching period of change, with excess supply of some industrial skills coexisting with reports of skills shortages by many enterprises. This paper uses data from the Russia Competitiveness and Investment Climate Survey and related local research to gain insight into the changing supply and demand for skills over time, and the potential reasons for reported staffing problems and skills shortages, including labor turnover, compensation policies, and the inhibiting effects of labor regulations. It discusses in-service training as an enterprise strategy for meeting staffing and skills needs, and presents evidence on the distribution, intensity, and determinants of in-service training in Russia. It investigates the productivity and wage outcomes of in-service training, and the supportive role of training in firms' research and development and innovative activities. A final section concludes with some policy implications of the findings
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  • 54
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (48 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Tiongson, Erwin R Returns To Education In The Economic Transition
    Keywords: Bank Policy ; Checks ; Debt Markets ; Education ; Education Reform and Management ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Government expenditures ; Human capital ; Labor market ; Macroeconomic controls ; Market economy ; Market environment ; Primary Education ; Returns ; Transition economies ; Bank Policy ; Checks ; Debt Markets ; Education ; Education Reform and Management ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Government expenditures ; Human capital ; Labor market ; Macroeconomic controls ; Market economy ; Market environment ; Primary Education ; Returns ; Transition economies ; Bank Policy ; Checks ; Debt Markets ; Education ; Education Reform and Management ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Government expenditures ; Human capital ; Labor market ; Macroeconomic controls ; Market economy ; Market environment ; Primary Education ; Returns ; Transition economies
    Abstract: This paper examines the assertion that returns to schooling increase as an economy transitions to a market environment. This claim has been difficult to assess as existing empirical evidence covers only a few countries over short time periods. A number of studies find that returns to education increased from the "pre-transition" period to the "early transition" period. It is not clear what has happened to the skills premium through the late 1990s, or the period thereafter. The authors use data that are comparable across countries and over time to estimate returns to schooling in eight transition economies (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Latvia, Poland, Russia, Slovak Republic, and Slovenia) from the early transition period up to 2002. In the case of Hungary, they capture the transition process more fully, beginning in the late 1980s. Compared to the existing literature, they implement a more systematic analysis and perform more comprehensive robustness checks on the estimated returns, although at best they offer only an incomplete solution to the problem of endogeneity. The authors find that the evidence of a rising trend in returns to schooling over the transition period is generally weak, except in Hungary and Russia where there have been sustained and substantial increases in returns to schooling. On average, the estimated returns in the sample are comparable to advanced economy averages. There are, however, significant differences in returns across countries and these differentials have remained roughly constant over the past 15 years. They speculate on the likely institutional and structural factors underpinning these results, including incomplete transition and significant heterogeneity and offsetting developments in returns to schooling within countries
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  • 55
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (39 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Manacorda, Marco Giving Children A Better Start
    Keywords: Adolescent Health ; Average attendance ; Compulsory schooling ; Education ; Education for All ; Educational Sciences ; Enrollment ; Grade retention ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Preschool education ; Primary Education ; Primary education ; Primary school ; Primary school performance ; Retention rates ; School system ; Youth and Government ; Adolescent Health ; Average attendance ; Compulsory schooling ; Education ; Education for All ; Educational Sciences ; Enrollment ; Grade retention ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Preschool education ; Primary Education ; Primary education ; Primary school ; Primary school performance ; Retention rates ; School system ; Youth and Government ; Adolescent Health ; Average attendance ; Compulsory schooling ; Education ; Education for All ; Educational Sciences ; Enrollment ; Grade retention ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Preschool education ; Primary Education ; Primary education ; Primary school ; Primary school performance ; Retention rates ; School system ; Youth and Government
    Abstract: The authors study the effect of pre-primary education on children's subsequent school outcomes by exploiting a unique feature of the Uruguayan household survey (ECH) that collects retrospective information on preschool attendance in the context of a rapid expansion in the supply of pre-primary places. Using a within household estimator, they find small gains from preschool attendance at early ages that magnify as children grow up. By age 15, treated children have accumulated 0.8 extra years of education and are 27 percentage points more likely to be in school compared with their untreated siblings. Instrumental variables estimates that control for nonrandom selection of siblings into preschool lead to similar results. The authors speculate that early grade repetition harms subsequent school progression and that pre-primary education appears as a successful policy option to prevent early grade failure and its long lasting consequences
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (20 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Yusuf, Shahid From Creativity To Innovation
    Keywords: Agricultural Knowledge and Information Systems ; Agriculture ; Capabilities ; Domain ; E-Business ; Education ; Global markets ; Human capital ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Innovation ; Innovations ; Knowledge for Development ; Networks ; Private Sector Development ; Product innovation ; Productivity ; Rural Development ; Tertiary Education ; Uses ; Agricultural Knowledge and Information Systems ; Agriculture ; Capabilities ; Domain ; E-Business ; Education ; Global markets ; Human capital ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Innovation ; Innovations ; Knowledge for Development ; Networks ; Private Sector Development ; Product innovation ; Productivity ; Rural Development ; Tertiary Education ; Uses ; Agricultural Knowledge and Information Systems ; Agriculture ; Capabilities ; Domain ; E-Business ; Education ; Global markets ; Human capital ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Innovation ; Innovations ; Knowledge for Development ; Networks ; Private Sector Development ; Product innovation ; Productivity ; Rural Development ; Tertiary Education ; Uses
    Abstract: Talent is the bedrock of a creative society. Augmenting talent involves mobilizing culture and tradition, building institutions to increase the stock of human capital, enhance its quality, and instill values favoring achievements and initiative. The productivity of this talent in the form of ideas can be raised by nurturing wikicapital-the capital arising from networks. Translating creativity into innovation is a function of multiple incentives and sustaining innovation is inseparable from heavy investment in research. Finally, the transition from innovation to commercially viable products requires the midwifery of many service providers and the entrepreneurship skills of firms small and large
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  • 57
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (45 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Arze del Granado, F. Javier Investing In Indonesia's Education
    Keywords: Academic year ; Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Education ; Education expenditures ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Formal education ; Level of education ; Levels of education ; Primary Education ; Private schools ; Quality of education ; Quality of education services ; Teacher ; Teachers ; Tertiary Education ; Academic year ; Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Education ; Education expenditures ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Formal education ; Level of education ; Levels of education ; Primary Education ; Private schools ; Quality of education ; Quality of education services ; Teacher ; Teachers ; Tertiary Education ; Academic year ; Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Education ; Education expenditures ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Formal education ; Level of education ; Levels of education ; Primary Education ; Private schools ; Quality of education ; Quality of education services ; Teacher ; Teachers ; Tertiary Education
    Abstract: What are the current trends and main characteristics of public education spending in Indonesia? Is education spending insufficient? Are expenditures in education efficient and equitable? This study reports the first account of Indonesia's aggregated (national and sub-national) spending on education, as well as the economic composition of education spending and its breakdown by programs. It presents estimations of the expected (average) level of education spending for a country with its economic and social characteristics. This analysis sheds light on the efficiency and equity of education spending by presenting social rates of return by level of education, by assessing the adequacy of current teacher earnings relative to other paid workers and the distribution of teachers across urban, rural, and remote regions, and by identifying the main determinants of education enrollment. It concludes that the current challenges in Indonesia are no longer defined by the need of additional spending, but rather the need to improve the quality of education services, and to improve the efficiency of education expenditures by re-allocating teachers to undersupplied regions and re-adjusting the spending mix within and between education programs for future additional spending in the sector. The study finds that poverty and student-aged labor are also significant constraints to education enrollment, stressing the importance of policies aimed at addressing demand-side factors
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (33 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Sharma, Siddharth Financial Development And Innovation In Small Firms
    Keywords: Access to Finance ; Debt Markets ; Education ; External finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Development ; Financial market ; Financial systems ; Firm performance ; Informational asymmetries ; International Bank ; Lenders ; Market failures ; Microfinance ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Small loan ; Access to Finance ; Debt Markets ; Education ; External finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Development ; Financial market ; Financial systems ; Firm performance ; Informational asymmetries ; International Bank ; Lenders ; Market failures ; Microfinance ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Small loan ; Access to Finance ; Debt Markets ; Education ; External finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Development ; Financial market ; Financial systems ; Firm performance ; Informational asymmetries ; International Bank ; Lenders ; Market failures ; Microfinance ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Small loan
    Abstract: This paper uses firm level data from a cross-section of 57 countries to study how financial development affects innovation in small firms. The analysis finds that relative to large firms in the same industry, spending on research and development by small firms is more likely and sizable in countries at higher levels of financial development. The estimates imply that among firms doing research and development in a country like Romania, which is at the 20th percentile of financial development, a 1 standard deviation decrease in firm size is associated with a decrease of 0.7 standard deviations in research and development spending. In contrast, this decrease is only 0.2 standard deviations in a country like South Africa, which is at the 80th percentile of the distribution of financial development. Small firms also report producing more innovations per unit of research and development spending than large firms, and this gap is narrower in countries at higher levels of financial development. As a robustness check, the author shows that these patterns are stronger in industries inherently more reliant on external finance
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  • 59
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (34 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Blunch, Niels-Hugo Changing Norms About Gender Inequality In Education
    Keywords: Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Education ; Equality In Education ; Equality In Marriage ; Gender ; Gender ; Gender Equality ; Gender Inequality ; Gender and Development ; Gender and Law ; Girls ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Labor Market ; Law and Development ; Marriages ; Married Women ; Population Policies ; Primary Education ; Social Development ; Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Education ; Equality In Education ; Equality In Marriage ; Gender ; Gender ; Gender Equality ; Gender Inequality ; Gender and Development ; Gender and Law ; Girls ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Labor Market ; Law and Development ; Marriages ; Married Women ; Population Policies ; Primary Education ; Social Development ; Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Education ; Equality In Education ; Equality In Marriage ; Gender ; Gender ; Gender Equality ; Gender Inequality ; Gender and Development ; Gender and Law ; Girls ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Labor Market ; Law and Development ; Marriages ; Married Women ; Population Policies ; Primary Education ; Social Development
    Abstract: Using a recent household survey for two cohorts of married women, this paper examines norms about gender equality in education for children and adults. Among the main findings are that gender education gap norms have changed: younger generations of women are more positive about female vs. male education, both as pertaining to child and adult education outcomes. Perhaps the strongest result is that Bangladeshi women are more likely to espouse attitudes of gender equality in education for their children and less so about gender equality among spouses. It is also easier to explain norms regarding children's education and more difficult to explain norms about equality in marriages. The authors believe that question on relative education of boys and girls captures the value of education per se, while the question on educational equality in marriage captures the norms regarding marriage and the relative worth of husbands and wives. The effect of education in determining norms is significant though complex, and spans own and spousal education, as well as that of older females in the household. This indicates sharing of education norms effects or externalities arising from spousal education in the production of gender education gap norms within marriage as well as arising from the presence of older educated females in the household. Lastly, the authors also find associations between gender education gap norms and household poverty, information processing and religion, though the evidence here is more mixed
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  • 60
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (34 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Andres, Luis Diffusion of The Internet
    Keywords: Basic ; Computers ; Connectivity ; Digital ; E-Business ; Education ; Education for the Knowledge Economy ; High-Speed ; Income ; Industry ; Information Security and Privacy ; Information Technologies ; Innovations ; Internet Services ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; New Technology ; Private Sector Development ; Simulation ; Social Protections and Labor ; Technology Industry ; Basic ; Computers ; Connectivity ; Digital ; E-Business ; Education ; Education for the Knowledge Economy ; High-Speed ; Income ; Industry ; Information Security and Privacy ; Information Technologies ; Innovations ; Internet Services ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; New Technology ; Private Sector Development ; Simulation ; Social Protections and Labor ; Technology Industry ; Basic ; Computers ; Connectivity ; Digital ; E-Business ; Education ; Education for the Knowledge Economy ; High-Speed ; Income ; Industry ; Information Security and Privacy ; Information Technologies ; Innovations ; Internet Services ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; New Technology ; Private Sector Development ; Simulation ; Social Protections and Labor ; Technology Industry
    Abstract: This paper analyzes the process of Internet diffusion across the world using a panel of 199 countries during 1990-2004. The authors group countries in two categories-low and high-income countries-and show that the Internet diffusion process is well characterized by an S-shape curve for both groups. Low-income countries display a steeper diffusion curve that is equivalent to a right shift of the diffusion curve for high-income countries. The estimated diffusion curves provide evidence of a "catching-up" process, although a very slow one. The paper explores the determinants of Internet diffusion at the country level and across the same income groups. The most novel finding is that network effects seem to be crucial-the number of Internet users in a country in a given year is positively associated with the number of users in the previous year. The findings also show that the degree of competition in the provision of Internet service contributes positively to its diffusion, and there are significant positive language externalities
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  • 61
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (41 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Demombynes, Gabriel How Good A Map ?
    Keywords: Capital Expenditure ; Degrees of Freedom ; Delta Method ; Econometrics ; Education ; Estimates of Poverty ; Explanatory Variables ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Survey ; Household Survey Data ; Households ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Parameter Estimates ; Population ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Profit ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Small Area Estimation Poverty Mapping ; Statistical and Mathematical Sciences ; Capital Expenditure ; Degrees of Freedom ; Delta Method ; Econometrics ; Education ; Estimates of Poverty ; Explanatory Variables ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Survey ; Household Survey Data ; Households ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Parameter Estimates ; Population ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Profit ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Small Area Estimation Poverty Mapping ; Statistical and Mathematical Sciences ; Capital Expenditure ; Degrees of Freedom ; Delta Method ; Econometrics ; Education ; Estimates of Poverty ; Explanatory Variables ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Survey ; Household Survey Data ; Households ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Parameter Estimates ; Population ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Profit ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Small Area Estimation Poverty Mapping ; Statistical and Mathematical Sciences
    Abstract: The authors examine the performance of small area welfare estimation. The method combines census and survey data to produce spatially disaggregated poverty and inequality estimates. To test the method, they compare predicted welfare indicators for a set of target populations with their true values. They construct target populations using actual data from a census of households in a set of rural Mexican communities. They examine estimates along three criteria: accuracy of confidence intervals, bias, and correlation with true values. The authors find that while point estimates are very stable, the precision of the estimates varies with alternative simulation methods. While the original approach of numerical gradient estimation yields standard errors that seem appropriate, some computationally less-intensive simulation procedures yield confidence intervals that are slightly too narrow. The precision of estimates is shown to diminish markedly if unobserved location effects at the village level are not well captured in underlying consumption models. With well specified models there is only slight evidence of bias, but the authors show that bias increases if underlying models fail to capture latent location effects. Correlations between estimated and true welfare at the local level are highest for mean expenditure and poverty measures and lower for inequality measures
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  • 62
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (40 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Oyefusi, Aderoju Oil And The Propensity To Armed Struggle In The Niger Delta Region of Nigeria
    Keywords: Civil Conflict ; Civil War ; Conflict and Development ; Disability ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Education and Society ; Educational Attainment ; Environmental Damage ; Ethnic Group ; Ethnic Groups ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Immigration ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Minority ; Natural Resource ; Natural Resources ; Policy ; Political Economy ; Population Policies ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Social Conflict and Violence ; Social Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Civil Conflict ; Civil War ; Conflict and Development ; Disability ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Education and Society ; Educational Attainment ; Environmental Damage ; Ethnic Group ; Ethnic Groups ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Immigration ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Minority ; Natural Resource ; Natural Resources ; Policy ; Political Economy ; Population Policies ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Social Conflict and Violence ; Social Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Civil Conflict ; Civil War ; Conflict and Development ; Disability ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Education and Society ; Educational Attainment ; Environmental Damage ; Ethnic Group ; Ethnic Groups ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Immigration ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Minority ; Natural Resource ; Natural Resources ; Policy ; Political Economy ; Population Policies ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Social Conflict and Violence ; Social Development ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: This paper attempts to explain the determinants of the propensity to armed struggle and the probability of participation by individuals in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria using primary (micro) data. While grievance appears to be pervasive among individuals and communities in the region and can be systematically explained, neither the grievance level nor its commonly cited causal factors appear to be strong enough to create a disposition toward armed rebellion. Rather, factors that reduce the opportunity cost and risk of participation or increase the perceived benefits appear to be more important. The study identifies three of these factors that are amenable to the policymaker's (government's) control as income level, educational attainment, and government presence
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (20 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Patrinos, Harry Anthony The Living Conditions of Children
    Keywords: Access to primary education ; Children start primary school ; Early childhood interventions ; Early interventions ; Education ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Gender gap ; Gender parity ; Girls ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Primary Education ; Primary school-aged children ; Street Children ; Urban Development ; Young people ; Youth ; Access to primary education ; Children start primary school ; Early childhood interventions ; Early interventions ; Education ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Gender gap ; Gender parity ; Girls ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Primary Education ; Primary school-aged children ; Street Children ; Urban Development ; Young people ; Youth ; Access to primary education ; Children start primary school ; Early childhood interventions ; Early interventions ; Education ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Gender gap ; Gender parity ; Girls ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Primary Education ; Primary school-aged children ; Street Children ; Urban Development ; Young people ; Youth
    Abstract: This paper summarizes the socioeconomic conditions of children around the world. It explores solutions to the main problems, along with a summary of the costs and benefits of some of the solutions. Emphasis is on the results from rigorous studies, impact evaluations, and randomized experiments. Although the cost-evidence literature is scarce, a good case for early interventions and key quality-enhancing education interventions exists
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  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (38 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Yusuf, Shahid Strengthening China's Technological Capability
    Keywords: Agricultural Knowledge and Information Systems ; Agriculture ; E-Business ; Education ; Electronics ; Engineering ; Equipment ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Industry ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Information technology ; Innovations ; Nanotechnology ; New technologies ; Private Sector Development ; Rural Development ; Technological Capability ; Technological capabilities ; Technology Industry ; Technology transfer ; Tertiary Education ; Agricultural Knowledge and Information Systems ; Agriculture ; E-Business ; Education ; Electronics ; Engineering ; Equipment ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Industry ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Information technology ; Innovations ; Nanotechnology ; New technologies ; Private Sector Development ; Rural Development ; Technological Capability ; Technological capabilities ; Technology Industry ; Technology transfer ; Tertiary Education ; Agricultural Knowledge and Information Systems ; Agriculture ; E-Business ; Education ; Electronics ; Engineering ; Equipment ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Industry ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Information technology ; Innovations ; Nanotechnology ; New technologies ; Private Sector Development ; Rural Development ; Technological Capability ; Technological capabilities ; Technology Industry ; Technology transfer ; Tertiary Education
    Abstract: China is increasing its outlay on research and development and seeking to build an innovation system that will deliver quick results not just in absorbing technology but also in pushing the technological envelope. China's spending on R&D rose from 1.1 percent of GDP in 2000 to 1.3 percent of GDP in 2005. On a purchasing power parity basis, China's research outlay was among the world's highest, far greater than that of Brazil, India, or Mexico. Chinese firms are active in the fields of biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, alternative energy sources, and nanotechnology. This surge in spending has been parallel by a sharp increase in patent applications in China, with the bulk of the patents registered in the areas of electronics, information technology, and telecoms. However, of the almost 50,000 patents granted in China, nearly two-thirds were to nonresidents. This paper considers two questions that are especially important for China. First, how might China go about accelerating technology development? Second, what measures could most cost-effectively deliver the desired outcomes? It concludes that although the level of financing for R&D is certainly important, technological advance is closely keyed to absorptive capacity which is a function of the volume and quality of talent and the depth as well as the heterogeneity of research experience. It is also a function of how companies maximize the commercial benefits of research and development, and the coordination of research with production and marketing
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  • 65
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Keywords: Access To Finance ; Education ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Lessons Learned ; Primary Education ; Sustainability
    Abstract: This case study examines the impact of World Bank assistance to the education sector in Mali from 1990-2005. It also examines the ways in which government, donors, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and civil society have responded to the enormous challenges in the sector, and suggests a variety of ways in which the support from all actors, and particularly the Bank, can be improved
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  • 66
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (38 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Arnold, Jens Does Services Liberalization Benefit Manufacturing Firms ?
    Keywords: Bank ; Banking ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Credit Enterprises ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Education for the Knowledge ; Emerging Markets ; Equilibrium Models ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Foreign Entry ; Governments ; Industry ; Infrastructure ; Insurance ; Knowledge Economy ; Labor ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets ; Operations ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Social Protections and Labor ; Bank ; Banking ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Credit Enterprises ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Education for the Knowledge ; Emerging Markets ; Equilibrium Models ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Foreign Entry ; Governments ; Industry ; Infrastructure ; Insurance ; Knowledge Economy ; Labor ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets ; Operations ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Social Protections and Labor ; Bank ; Banking ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Credit Enterprises ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Education for the Knowledge ; Emerging Markets ; Equilibrium Models ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Foreign Entry ; Governments ; Industry ; Infrastructure ; Insurance ; Knowledge Economy ; Labor ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets ; Operations ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: While there is considerable empirical evidence on the impact of liberalizing trade in goods, the effects of services liberalization have not been empirically established. Using firm-level data from the Czech Republic for the period 1998-2003, this study examines the link between services sector reforms and the productivity of domestic firms in downstream manufacturing. Several aspects of services reform are considered and measured, namely, the increased presence of foreign providers, privatization, and enhanced competition. The manufacturing-services linkage is measured using information on the degree to which manufacturing firms in a particular industry rely on intermediate inputs from specific services sectors. The econometric results lead to two conclusions. First, the study finds that services policy matters for the productivity of manufacturing firms relying on services inputs. This finding is robust to several econometric specifications, including controlling for unobservable firm heterogeneity and for other aspects of openness. Second, it finds evidence that opening services sectors to foreign providers is a key channel through which services liberalization contributes to improved performance of downstream manufacturing sectors. This finding is robust to instrumenting for the extent of foreign presence in services industries. As most barriers to foreign investment today are not in goods but in services sectors, the findings may strengthen the argument for reform in this area
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (96 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Hanushek, Eric A The Role of Education Quality For Economic Growth
    Keywords: Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Adult Literacy ; Cognitive Skills ; Education ; Education ; Education For All ; Education For All Initiative ; Education Policy ; Education for All ; Educational Outcomes ; Educational Quality ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Enrollment Rates ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Knowledge ; Population Policies ; Primary Education ; Secondary Education ; Tertiary Education ; Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Adult Literacy ; Cognitive Skills ; Education ; Education ; Education For All ; Education For All Initiative ; Education Policy ; Education for All ; Educational Outcomes ; Educational Quality ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Enrollment Rates ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Knowledge ; Population Policies ; Primary Education ; Secondary Education ; Tertiary Education ; Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Adult Literacy ; Cognitive Skills ; Education ; Education ; Education For All ; Education For All Initiative ; Education Policy ; Education for All ; Educational Outcomes ; Educational Quality ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Enrollment Rates ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Knowledge ; Population Policies ; Primary Education ; Secondary Education ; Tertiary Education
    Abstract: The role of improved schooling, a central part of most development strategies, has become controversial because expansion of school attainment has not guaranteed improved economic conditions. This paper reviews the role of education in promoting economic well-being, focusing on the role of educational quality. It concludes that there is strong evidence that the cognitive skills of the population-rather than mere school attainment-are powerfully related to individual earnings, to the distribution of income, and to economic growth. New empirical results show the importance of both minimal and high-level skills, the complementarity of skills and the quality of economic institutions, and the robustness of the relationship between skills and growth. International comparisons incorporating expanded data on cognitive skills reveal much larger skill deficits in developing countries than generally derived from just school enrollment and attainment. The magnitude of change needed makes it clear that closing the economic gap with industrial countries will require major structural changes in schooling institutions
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  • 68
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (37 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Chaudhury, Nazmul Conditional Cash Transfers And Female Schooling
    Keywords: Adults ; Education ; Education ; Education Reform and Management ; Education System ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Female Children ; Female Education ; Female Enrollment ; Female Schooling ; Female Students ; Gender ; Gender Disparity ; Gender and Education ; Literacy ; Primary Education ; Private Secondary Schoo ; Secondary Education ; Tertiary Education ; Adults ; Education ; Education ; Education Reform and Management ; Education System ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Female Children ; Female Education ; Female Enrollment ; Female Schooling ; Female Students ; Gender ; Gender Disparity ; Gender and Education ; Literacy ; Primary Education ; Private Secondary Schoo ; Secondary Education ; Tertiary Education ; Adults ; Education ; Education ; Education Reform and Management ; Education System ; Education for All ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Female Children ; Female Education ; Female Enrollment ; Female Schooling ; Female Students ; Gender ; Gender Disparity ; Gender and Education ; Literacy ; Primary Education ; Private Secondary Schoo ; Secondary Education ; Tertiary Education
    Abstract: Instead of mean-tested conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs, some countries have implemented gender-targeted CCTs to explicitly address intra-household disparities in human capital investments. This study focuses on addressing the direct impact of a female school stipend program in Punjab, Pakistan: Did the intervention increase female enrollment in public schools? To address this question, the authors draw on data from the provincial school censuses of 2003 and 2005. They estimate the net growth in female enrollments in grades 6-8 in stipend eligible schools. Impact evaluation analysis, including difference-and-difference (DD), triple differencing (DDD), and regression-discontinuity design (RDD) indicate a modest but statistically significant impact of the intervention. The preferred estimator derived from a combination of DDD and RDD empirical strategies suggests that the average program impact between 2003 and 2005 was an increase of six female students per school in terms of absolute change and an increase of 9 percent in female enrollment in terms of relative change. A triangulation effort is also undertaken using two rounds of a nationally representative household survey before and after the intervention. Even though the surveys are not representative at the subprovincial level, the results corroborate evidence of the impact using school census data
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (42 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Justesen, Michael Factors Impacting Youth Development In Haiti
    Keywords: Adolescent Health ; Children ; Children and Youth ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Domestic Violence ; Drug Abuse ; Early Sexual Initiation ; Education ; Families ; Female Adolescents ; Gender ; Gender and Health ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health Services ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Housing and Human Habitats ; Male Peers ; Physical Abuse ; Population Policies ; Primary Education ; Risk Factors ; Role Models ; Youth and Government ; Adolescent Health ; Children ; Children and Youth ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Domestic Violence ; Drug Abuse ; Early Sexual Initiation ; Education ; Families ; Female Adolescents ; Gender ; Gender and Health ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health Services ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Housing and Human Habitats ; Male Peers ; Physical Abuse ; Population Policies ; Primary Education ; Risk Factors ; Role Models ; Youth and Government ; Adolescent Health ; Children ; Children and Youth ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Domestic Violence ; Drug Abuse ; Early Sexual Initiation ; Education ; Families ; Female Adolescents ; Gender ; Gender and Health ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health Services ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Housing and Human Habitats ; Male Peers ; Physical Abuse ; Population Policies ; Primary Education ; Risk Factors ; Role Models ; Youth and Government
    Abstract: Of the 1.6 million Haitian youth aged 15-24, only 13 percent are content with their lives. More than half of 20-year-olds have not completed secondary education and nearly half of youth in the labor market are unemployed. This paper investigates protective and risk factors predisposing youth to positive and negative behaviors. These factors, including poverty, gender, education, labor market, migration, family, health, and violence, are examined by using statistics and probability models based on Haiti's first household living conditions survey. Key findings show that female youth need special attention because they are more likely than their male peers to drop out of school and to be unemployed or inactive. Role models, guidance, expectations, and contacts in the form of parents or household heads are decisive factors in keeping youth in school, and to some extent, in their finding employment. In addition, domestic migration has a negative impact on the probability of being unemployed or inactive (positive self-selection), while marriage, drug abuse, and domestic violence increase the probability of dropping out of school
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  • 70
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (30 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Barrera-Osorio, Felipe The Impact of Private Provision of Public Education
    Keywords: Academic Achievement ; Disability ; Dropout Rates ; Education ; Education Reform and Management ; Education for All ; Educational System ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Gender ; Gender and Education ; Learning ; Literature ; Low-Income Students ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Private Education ; Private Schools ; Quality of Education ; Research ; Secondary Education ; Social Protections and Labor ; Tertiary Education ; Academic Achievement ; Disability ; Dropout Rates ; Education ; Education Reform and Management ; Education for All ; Educational System ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Gender ; Gender and Education ; Learning ; Literature ; Low-Income Students ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Private Education ; Private Schools ; Quality of Education ; Research ; Secondary Education ; Social Protections and Labor ; Tertiary Education ; Academic Achievement ; Disability ; Dropout Rates ; Education ; Education Reform and Management ; Education for All ; Educational System ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Gender ; Gender and Education ; Learning ; Literature ; Low-Income Students ; Papers ; Primary Education ; Private Education ; Private Schools ; Quality of Education ; Research ; Secondary Education ; Social Protections and Labor ; Tertiary Education
    Abstract: In 1999 the city of Bogota, Colombia launched the concession school program designed to broaden the coverage and quality of basic education. It consists of a contract between a group of private schools and the public educational system such that private agents provide education for low-income students. This paper tests three main hypotheses concerning the impact of concessions on the quality of education: first, dropout rates are lower in concession schools than in similar public schools; second, other public schools nearby the concession schools have lower dropout rates in comparison with other public schools outside the area of influence; and third, test scores from concession schools are higher than scores in similar public schools. The paper presents evidence in favor of the three hypotheses using propensity score and matching estimators
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402055607
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: HIGHER EDUCATION DYNAMICS 18
    DDC: 378.44
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulfinanzierung ; Nonprofit-Management ; Hochschulreform ; Hochschulpolitik ; Education ; Education, Higher ; Finance ; Social policy ; Political science ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Hochschulfinanzierung
    Abstract: This crucial book addresses newer practices of resource allocation which tie university funding to indicators of performance. It covers the evolvement of mass higher education and the associated curtailment of funding, the public management reform debate within which performance-based budgeting or funding evolved, and sketches alternative governance and management modes which can be used instead. Four appendices cover more technical matters.
    Abstract: "Financing Public Universities addresses newer practices of resource allocation which tie funding to indicators of performance. The gist of these efforts is to raise the quality of institutional systems. Performance-based budgeting and funding of public universities is part of broader efforts to reform public management, and it is being promoted and implemented by various government agencies around the globe. In particular, European universities with their normally strong governmental ties, or higher education systems molded on European universities, are prime targets of such reforms. Performance funding has made its inroads in attempts to grant university systems managerial autonomy: autonomy was to be granted in exchange for funding modes which are tied to the measurement of performance indicators. Unfortunately, performance-based budgeting or funding measures cannot meet the various expectations: they do not raise the quality of teaching or learning, they do not raise research performance, they take back a great deal of managerial autonomy which is commonly judged to be essential for the well being of higher education institutions, in particular research universities, and they act as automata in place of proper governance and management. ""Financing Public Universities"" addresses policy makers, higher education administrators, scholars and students of higher education management. After an introduction to the theme and to the book (Chapter 1), ""Financing Public Universities"" covers the evolvement of mass higher education and the associated curtailment of funding (Chapter 2), the public management reform debate (Chapter 3) within which performance-based budgeting or funding evolved (Chapter 4), sketches alternative governance and management modes which can be used instead (Chapter 5), and epitomizes inertia or challenges (Chapter 6). Four appendices cover more technical matters, such as a comparative exposition of the research performance of universities by nation (Appendix C) and examples of funding systems in the UK and in the USA (Appendix D)."
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Introduction; Mass Higher Education and Funding Bases; Public Management Reform Debate; Performance-Based Budgeting or Funding; Alternative Governance and Management Modes; Inertia and Challenges; Back Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 207-223) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402057045
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: UNESCO-UNEVOC Book Series Technical and Vocational Education and Training: Issues, Concerns and Prospects 7
    DDC: 371.11
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Berufsbildung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: This book provides insight into the history and current status of teaching in technical and vocational education across a broad range of countries. It contains studies of the profiles of teachers and lecturers and their educational practices in: Germany, Brazil, Denmark, China, France, Japan, Norway, Turkey, the UK and the USA. All chapters follow a common structure making it easy for the reader to focus on specific aspects. An overarching introduction embeds the content of the book into the current global context of Technical and Vocational Education and Training.
    Abstract: This book provides insight into the history and current status of teaching in technical and vocational education across a broad range of countries. It contains studies of the profiles of teachers and lecturers and their educational practices in: Germany, Brazil, Denmark, China, France, Japan, Norway, Turkey, the UK and the USA. All chapters follow a common structure making it easy for the reader to focus on specific aspects. An overarching introduction embeds the content of the book into the current global context of Technical and Vocational Education and Training
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; TVET Teachers: an Endangered Species or Professional Innovation Agents?; TVET Teachers in Brazil; China's TVET Teachers and Their Professionalization; The Professional Situation and Training of Vocational Teachers in Denmark; Teachers of Technical and Vocational Education in France; TVET Teachers and Instructors in Germany; The Development and Present Situation of Vocational and Technical Teachers' Professions in Japan; Technical and Vocational Education and its Teacher Training in Norway; Vocational Teachers in Russia; TVET Teachers and Lecturers in Turkey
    Description / Table of Contents: Perspectives on Teachers of Vocational and Technical Education in the UKCareer and Technical Teaching and Teacher Education in the United States of America; Back Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 73
    ISBN: 9781402060120
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Higher Education Dynamics 20
    DDC: 378.107
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Education, Higher ; Educational tests and measurements
    Abstract: By bringing together leading experts on quality assurance in higher education from seven countries (from Europe, the USA and South Africa), this volume intends to go several steps further than most publications on the same subject. Containing comprehensive discussion of the most relevant trends in quality assurance regulation, translation and transformation, researchers and policy makers will find an engaged, academic reflection on how quality assurance is embedded in higher education and in a dynamic way to assess its impacts and potential improvements.
    Abstract: By bringing together leading experts on quality assurance in higher education from seven countries (from Europe, the USA and South Africa), this volume intends to go several steps further than most publications on quality assurance. First, it brings together views from micro to macro levels in the multi-actor space, showing how quality assurance impacts the higher education system throughout. Second, it links quality assurance solidly to issues of regulation, translation (rather than mechanical implementation ) and transformation, instead of being only focused on quality assurance as a single policy instrument. Third, it uses this broad range of research insights to criticize current practices, explaining for instance why sometimes people have difficulty in tracing any concrete effects of all initiatives taken in this area. Finally, the book offers proposals for better focusing quality assurance in the future to address institutional challenges better. The general purpose of the book then is to give an engaged, academic reflection on how quality assurance is embedded in higher education and in a dynamic way to assess its impacts and potential improvements.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; The Public Regulation of Higher Education Qualities: Rationale, Processes, and Outcomes; Will Market Competition Assure Academic Quality? An Analysis of the UK and US Experience; States and Europe and Quality of Higher Education; Quality as Fashion: Exploring the Translation of a Management Idea into Higher Education; The 'Quality Game': External Review and Institutional Reaction over Three Decades in the United States; Analysing Quality Assurance in Higher Education: Proposals for a Conceptual Framework and Methodological Implications
    Description / Table of Contents: A Self-assessment of Higher Education Institutions from the Perspective of the EFQM Excellence ModelImproving Teaching and Learning in Higher Education: Can Learning Theory Add Value to Quality Review?; Transforming Quality Evaluation: Moving On; Conclusions and Further Challenges; Back Matter
    Note: "Douro series , Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402057472
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: Springer International Handbooks of Education 17
    DDC: 371.2
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Comparative education ; Education and state ; Wörterbuch ; Schulentwicklung
    Abstract: This book reviews of the development, implementation and practice of the disciplines of school effectiveness and school improvement. Seven main topics are addressed: History of the school effectiveness movement over the last 25 years; Changes in accountability and standards; Leadership in school effectiveness; Changes in teacher education; Impact of Diverse Populations; Education Funding and its Impact; and Best Practice Case Studies. The contributors are active in school effectiveness research worldwide.
    Abstract: This handbook provides the most comprehensive international review of the school effectiveness and school improvement research in the twenty five years since the disciplines became prominent. The handbook contains chapters, not only from most of the key contributors to this research from the USA, the UK, Hong Kong and Europe, but also contains a number of chapters that document the progress of the field in regions of the world that are less known, including the Asian-Pacific region, Latin America, Africa and the Middle East. It contains the thoughts of not only the proponents of school effectiveness research, but those that have been critical of it. It documents the progress of the field over the past quarter century and clearly identifies the improvements in research techniques and the ability to consider context as a major feature. It provides both theoretical constructs and practical applications and case studies that are transnational and those that are local. Finally, it provides some possibilities for future research, policy and practice to guide the discipline into the next decade of change. The handbook provides a state of the art analysis of the complex issues facing schools, school systems, societies and nations that will support researchers, policy makers and practitioners in their search for ways to provide a high quality education to all students.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; 20 Years of ICSEI: The Impact of School Effectiveness and School Improvement on School Reform; Four Decades of Body-Surfing the Breakers of School Reform: Just Waving, Not Drowning; Generic and Differentiated Models of Educational Effectiveness: Implications for the Improvement of Educational Practice; Improving School Effectiveness: Retrospective and Prospective; School Effectiveness Research in Latin America; "Effective for What; Effective for Whom?" Two Questions SESI Should Not Ignore; Pursuing the Contextualisation Agenda: Recent Progress and Future Prospects
    Description / Table of Contents: A History of School Effectiveness and Improvement Research in the USA Focusing on the Past Quarter CenturyHistory of the School Effectiveness and Improvement Movement in Canada over the Past 25 Years; School Improvement in Latin America: Innovations over 25 Years (1980-2006); Growing Together: School Effectiveness and School Improvement in the UK; Educational Effectiveness and Improvement: The Development of the Field in Mainland Europe; School Effectiveness and Improvement in Asia: Three Waves, Nine Trends and Challenges; School Effectiveness and Improvement in Taiwan
    Description / Table of Contents: School Effectiveness and Improvement in Mainland ChinaThe Maturing of a Movement: Tracking Research, Policy and Practice in Australia; Schooling Reform: Reflections on the New Zealand Experience; History of the School Effectiveness and Improvement Movement in Africa; School Autonomy for School Effectiveness and Improvement: The Case of Israel; Recent Initiatives in School Effectiveness and Improvement: The Case of Turkey; Recent Initiatives in School Effectiveness and Improvement: The Case of the Islamic Republic of Iran; The Relationship Between Student Attainment and School Resources
    Description / Table of Contents: Accountability, Funding and School Improvement in CanadaCost and Financing of Education and Its Impact on Coverage and Quality of Services and Efficiency and Equity in Sub-Saharan African Countries; Resources and School Effectiveness and Improvement; School Effectiveness and School Improvement (SESI): Links with the International Standards/Accountability Agenda; Evolution of School Performance Research in the USA: From School Effectiveness to School Accountability and Back; Education Decentralisation and Accountability Relationships in Latin American and the Caribbean Region
    Description / Table of Contents: Equity, Efficiency and the Development of South African SchoolsPolicy Perspective on School Effectiveness and Improvement at the State Level: The Case of South Australia; Diverse Populations and School Effectiveness and Improvement in the USA; School Leadership, School Effectiveness and School Improvement: Democratic and Integrative Leadership; Leadership and School Reform Factors; The Emotional Side of School Improvement: A Leadership Perspective; Leadership and School Effectiveness and Improvement; Leadership Development for School Effectiveness and Improvement in East Asia
    Description / Table of Contents: Teacher Leadership: Barriers and Supports
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  • 75
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402059711
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Higher Education Dynamics 19
    DDC: 378.4
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Education and state ; Education, Higher ; Political science ; Konferenzschrift 2006 ; Hochschulreform ; Europäische Integration ; Europäische Union ; Hochschulpolitik ; Bologna-Prozess ; Lissabon-Strategie
    Abstract: "The European University is under stress. It has become commonplace to argue that radical reforms are needed. The claim is that while environments are changing rapidly, European universities do not learn, adapt and reform themselves fast enough. Reform plans comprise the purposes of universities, i.e. definitions of what the University is, can be and should be, criteria for quality and success, the kinds of research, education., services and innovation to be produced, and for whom. Reform plans also include the universities' organization and financial basis, their governance structures, who should influence the future dynamics of universities, and according to what principles. In contrast, it can be argued that the currently dominant reform rhetoric is only one among several competing visions and understandings of the University and its dynamics. What is at stake is ""what kind of University for what kind of society"" and which, and whose values, interests and beliefs should be given priority in University governance and reforms? This book explores the visions underlying the attempts to reform the European University as well as two European integration processes (""Bologna"" and ""Lisbon"") affecting University dynamics. Above all, the book presents a framework for analyzing ongoing ""modernization"" reforms and reform debates that take place at various governance levels, not least the European level, and a long-term research agenda."
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; European Debates on the Knowledge Institution: The Modernization of the University at the European Level; The Institutional Dynamics of the European University; A Rule-governed Community of Scholars: The Humboldt Vision in the History of the European University; An Instrument for National Political Agendas: The Hierarchical Vision; An Internal Representative System: The Democratic Vision; A Service Enterprise: The Market Vision; The Bologna Process: An Intergovernmental Policy Perspective; The Lisbon Process: A Supranational Policy Perspective
    Description / Table of Contents: "Europe of Knowledge:" Search for a New PactBack Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 215-235) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 76
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402061936
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Lifelong Learning Book Series 11
    DDC: 374.001
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Curriculum planning ; Education and state ; Education Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: This book provides an easily accessible, practical yet scholarly source of information about the international concern for the philosophy, theory, categories and concepts of lifelong learning. Written in a straightforward understandable manner, the book examines in depth the range of philosophical perspectives in the field of lifelong learning theory, policy, practice and applied scholarship.
    Abstract: The aim of this book is provide an easily accessible, practical yet scholarly source of information about the international concern for the philosophy, theory, categories and concepts of lifelong learning. The books is concerned to examine in depth the range of philosophical perspectives in the field of lifelong learning theory, policy, practice and applied scholarship, extending the scale and scope of the substantive contribution made by philosophical and theoretical approaches to our understanding of education. The book seeks to make an informed contribution to shaping, expanding and deepeni
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Lifelong Learning: Concepts and Conceptions; Lifelong Learning and the Politics of the Learning Society; Lifelong Learning and Vocational Education and Training: Values, Social Capital, and Caring in Work-Based Learning Provision; From Adult Education to Lifelong Learning and Back Again; 'Framing' Lifelong Learning in the Twenty-First Century: Towards a Way of Thinking; Lifelong Learning: Conceptual and Ethical Issues; Lifelong Learning: Beyond Neo-Liberal Imaginary; Widening Participation in Higher Education: Lifelong Learning as Capability
    Description / Table of Contents: Lifelong Learning: Exploring Learning, Equity and Redress, and AccessLifelong Learning and Democratic Citizenship Education in South Africa; Lifelong Learning and Knowledge: Towards a General Theory of Professional Inquiry; The Nature of Knowledge and Lifelong Learning; Reading Lifelong Learning Through a Postmodern Lens; Good Practice in Lifelong Learning; Philosophical Perspectives on Lifelong Learning: Insights from Education, Engineering, and Economics; Building a Learning Region: Whose Framework of Lifelong Learning Matters?; Changing Ideas and Beliefs in Lifelong Learning?; Back Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 77
    ISBN: 9781402060441
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Higher education dynamics 21
    DDC: 378.1
    RVK:
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Education ; Comparative education ; Education and state ; Education, Higher ; Labor economics ; Sociology
    Abstract: This book investigates how social and cultural factors affect the education, training and career development of graduates of higher education in Japan and the Netherlands. The aim of this book is to explore how Dutch and Japanese graduates choose and develop their careers in reference to the above-mentioned challenges. It is based on a unique data set consisting of surveys held among graduates three and eight years after leaving higher education.
    Abstract: This book investigates how social and cultural factors affect the education, training and career development of graduates of higher education in Japan and the Netherlands. Despite their different historical paths, both countries are now subject to the common pressure of globalization. As a result, the higher education sector in both countries is becoming more universal and available to a larger population, and the economy and society are becoming increasingly knowledge-intensive. The aim of this book is to explore how Dutch and Japanese graduates choose and develop their careers in reference to the above-mentioned challenges. It is based on a unique data set consisting of surveys held among graduates 3 and 8 years after leaving higher education.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Introduction; policies on the transition from higher education to employment since the 1990s; Competencies acquired at university and required in the workplace; University and college differences in the returns to education in japan and the netherlands; University education and its relevance to working life; On the use and generation of knowledge economy competencies; Influence of diversified employment on the initial career of higher education graduates; Career and mobility in japan and the netherlands; Japanese and dutch graduates' work orientations and job satisfaction
    Description / Table of Contents: Individualism and collectivismDoes Higher Education Provide Opportunities For Career Development Of Men And Women?; The relationships between higher education and employment in japan and the netherlands; Back Matter
    Note: Description based upon print version of record , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 78
    ISBN: 9781402066788
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 134 S.) , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 370
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Genetic epistemology ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Education Philosophy ; Pädagogik ; Empirische Forschung ; Neoliberalismus ; Szientismus
    Abstract: "This volume offers a critical examination of the growing pressure to apply scientific principles as a means to improve education. The authors trace the ideology of scientism to the early faith Auguste Comte placed in science and the scientific method as a panacea to all human problem solving. By revealing many of the epistemological problems confronted by the social sciences, including education, the authors undermine the prevailing view that a science of education is possible or desirable. Besides revealing the epistemological problems associated with education research, they suggest that the instrumentalism and micro level responsibility related to scientism in education constitute a manipulative ideological smokescreen to distract public attention away from the structural inequities that generate disparate academic outcomes among students in industrialized democracies. The book deals a severe blow to the belief that science is a suitable lens through which to view or strengthen educational practice. ""One begins this book with the skeptical belief that it can t be right. The task of reading, then, is to locate where Hyslop-Margison goes wrong to reach his radical and disturbing conclusions. At the very least, even the most skeptical will have to recognize that the unsayable that current educational research has proven largely fruitless for discernable reasons is certainly plausible. He brilliantly brings an issue that has been considered too eccentric to contemplate into the heart of current educational discourse. Everyone concerned with educational research researchers and those policy-makers, administrators, and other educational workers who draw on the products of educational research should read this important book carefully."" Kieran Egan, Faculty of Education, Simon Fraser University"
    Abstract: "This volume offers a critical examination of the growing pressure to apply scientific principles as a means to improve education. The authors trace the ideology of scientism to the early faith Auguste Comte placed in science and the scientific method as a panacea to all human problem solving. By revealing many of the epistemological problems confronted by the social sciences, including education, the authors undermine the prevailing view that a science of education is possible or desirable. Besides revealing the epistemological problems associated with education research, they suggest that the instrumentalism and micro level responsibility related to scientism in education constitute a manipulative ideological smokescreen to distract public attention away from the structural inequities that generate disparate academic outcomes among students in industrialized democracies. The book deals a severe blow to the belief that science is a suitable lens through which to view or strengthen educational practice. ""One begins this book with the skeptical belief that it can t be right. The task of reading, then, is to locate where Hyslop-Margison goes wrong to reach his radical and disturbing conclusions. At the very least, even the most skeptical will have to recognize that the unsayable that current educational research has proven largely fruitless for discernable reasons is certainly plausible. He brilliantly brings an issue that has been considered too eccentric to contemplate into the heart of current educational discourse. Everyone concerned with educational research researchers and those policy-makers, administrators, and other educational workers who draw on the products of educational research should read this important book carefully."" Kieran Egan, Faculty of Education, Simon Fraser University"
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Introduction; Education Research; Epistemological Problems in Social Science Research; Empirical Research in Education; Education Research as Analytic Truths; Empirical Research as Neo-liberal Ideology; Back Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 126-130) and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 79
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402055799
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Lifelong Learning Book Series 8
    DDC: 374
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Curriculum planning ; Education and state ; Education Philosophy ; Lebenslanges Lernen ; Lernpsychologie ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: This text explores the different ways in which the various social practices in which people participate becomes signed as learning, how and why that occurs and with what consequences. It takes seriously the linguistic turn in social theory to draw upon semiotics and poststructuralism through which to explore the significance of lifelong learning as an emerging discourse in education.
    Abstract: This text explores the different ways in which the various social practices in which people participate becomes signed as learning, how and why that occurs and with what consequences. It takes seriously the linguistic turn in social theory to draw upon semiotics and poststructuralism through which to explore the significance of lifelong learning as an emerging discourse in education. The text explores the different ways in which learning conveys meaning and is given meaning. Given this, lifelong learning therefore is a way, and a significant way, in which learning is fashioned. The text then explores the notion that, if learning is lifelong and lifewide, what precisely is learning as distinct from other social practices and how those practices are given meaning as learning.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 173-180) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 80
    ISBN: 9781402057427
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 378.125
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Education, Higher ; Education Psychology ; Hochschulbildung ; College ; Collegeunterricht
    Abstract: Pivotal to the transformation of higher education in the 21stCentury is the nature of pedagogy and its role in advancing the aims of various stakeholders. This book brings together pre-eminent scholars to critically assess teaching and learning issues that cut across most disciplines. Systematically explored throughout the book is the avowed linkage between classroom teaching and motivation, learning, and performance outcomes in students.
    Abstract: Pivotal to the transformation of higher education in the 21st Century is the nature of pedagogy and its role in advancing the aims of various stakeholders. This book brings together pre-eminent scholars from Australia, Canada, Europe, the Middle East, and the USA to critically assess teaching and learning issues that cut across most disciplines. In addressing long-standing and newly emerging issues, the researchers examine the scientific evidence on what constitutes effective teaching in college classrooms, on the psychometric integrity of measures of teaching effectiveness, and on the use of such measures for tenure, promotion, and salary decisions. Systematically explored throughout the book is the avowed linkage between classroom teaching and motivation, learning, and performance outcomes in students. In so doing, the book deals with the nexus between knowledge production by researchers and knowledge utility for end-users made up of classroom instructors, department heads, deans, directors, and policymakers. The book will appeal to researchers interested in teaching and learning, faculty members developing evidence-based pedagogical practices, academic administrators and policymakers responsible for instituting teaching and learning protocols, and faculty development officers promoting the effective teaching practices.
    Description / Table of Contents: 978-1-4020-5742-7_5_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-1-4020-5742-7_1_Part_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-1-4020-5742-7_2_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-1-4020-5742-7_3_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-1-4020-5742-7_4_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-1-4020-5742-7_1_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-1-4020-5742-7_6_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-1-4020-5742-7_2_Part_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-1-4020-5742-7_7_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-1-4020-5742-7_8_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-1-4020-5742-7_9_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-1-4020-5742-7_10_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-1-4020-5742-7_11_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-1-4020-5742-7_3_Part_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-1-4020-5742-7_12_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-1-4020-5742-7_13_OnlinePDF.pdf
    Description / Table of Contents: 978-1-4020-5742-7_14_OnlinePDF.pdf978-1-4020-5742-7_15_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-1-4020-5742-7_16_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-1-4020-5742-7_BookFrontMatter_OnlinePDF.pdf
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 81
    ISBN: 9781402056680
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Self Study of Teaching and Teacher Education Practices 4
    DDC: 370.71/1
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Curriculum planning ; Teachers Training of ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Lehrerbildung
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 82
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402030529
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Springer International Handbook of Research in Arts Education 16
    DDC: 700.71
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Arts ; Humanities ; Music ; Performing arts ; Ästhetische Erziehung
    Abstract: Providing a distillation of knowledge in the various disciplines of arts education (dance, drama, music, literature and poetry and visual arts), the Handbook synthesizes existing research literature, helps define the past, and contributes to shaping the substantive and methodological future of the respective and integrated disciplines of arts education. While research can at times seem distant from practice, the Handbook aims to maintain connection with the lived practice of art and of education, capturing the vibrancy and best thinking in the field of theory and practice. The Handbook is organized into 13 sections, each centering on a major area or issue in arts education research. These areas include: History of arts education, curriculum, evaluation, cultural centers, appreciation, composition, informal learning, child culture, creativity, the body, spirituality, and technology. The individual chapters address cross-cultural research related to the central theme of the section from the perspectives of the particular arts discipline. Interludes provide reflective thoughts on the theme.
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS; Introduction; List of Reviewers; Section 1 History; 1 Prelude: History of Education and Arts Education; 2 Capitalizing Art Education: Mapping International Histories; 3 Interlude: Arts Education, the Aesthetic and Cultural Studies; 4 A History of Drama Education: A Search for Substance; 5 The Teaching and Learning of Music in the Settings of Family, Church, and School: Some Historical Perspectives; 6 Interlude: History Looking Forward; 7 Social History and Dance as Education; 8 The Teaching of English Language Arts as Poetic Language: An Institutionalist View; Section 2 Curriculum
    Description / Table of Contents: 9 Prelude: Making Sense of Curriculum Research in Arts Education10 Currents of Change in the Music Curriculum; 11 Experiencing the Visual and Visualizing Experiences; 12 Interlude: On Learning to Draw and Paint as an Adult; 13 Proteus, the Giant at the Door: Drama and Theater in the Curriculum; 14 Narrative as Artful Curriculum Making; 15 Interlude: Imagining Ms. Eddy Alive; or, the Return of the Arts Teacher and her Personalized Curriculum; 16 Dance Curriculum Research; 17 Music (and Arts) Education from the Point of View of Didaktik and Bildung
    Description / Table of Contents: 18 Arts Integration in the Curriculum: A Review of Research and Implications for Teaching and Learning19 Artists in the Academy: Curriculum and Instruction; Section 3 Assessment and Evaluation; 20 Prelude: Making Connections in Assessment and Evaluation in Arts Education; 21 To See and to Share: Evaluating the Dance Experience in Education; 22 Harmonizing Assessment and Music in the Classroom; 23 Interlude: Reflections on a Line from Dewey; 24 Assessing English within the Arts; 25 Wrestling with Assessment in Drama Education; 26 Interlude: Assessment and Evaluation in Education and the Arts
    Description / Table of Contents: 27 Evaluation Research in Visual Arts EducationSection 4 Composition; 28 Prelude: The Composition Section Composing as Metaphor and Process; 29 Compositional Process in Music; 30 Four Metaphors of the Composing Process; 31 Interlude: Metaphor and the Mission of the Arts; 32 Composition in Theater: Writing and Devising Performance; 33 Research in Choreography; 34 Interlude: Art and Metaphor, Body and Mind; 35 Composing in Visual Arts; Section 5 Appreciation; 36 Prelude: Locating the Heart of Experience; 37 Moving into Dance: Dance Appreciation as Dance Literacy
    Description / Table of Contents: 38 Appreciation: The Weakest Link in Drama/Theater Education39 Music Appreciation: Exploring Similarity and Difference; 40 Later "In the Early World": The Changing Role of Poetry and Creative Writing in the K-12 Classroom; 41 Teaching Toward Appreciation in the Visual Arts; 42 Interlude: The Arches of Experience; 43 Interlude: On Reading Maxine's Interlude; 44 Postcards from "A World Made Possible": Excerpts from Virtual Conversations; Section 6 Musuems and Cultural Centers; 45 Prelude: Museums, Cultural Centers, and What We Don't Know
    Description / Table of Contents: 46 The Role of Theater in Museums and Historic Sites: Visitors, Audiences, and Learners
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  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402060939
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: Inclusive Education: Cross Cultural Perspectives 5
    DDC: 371.9046
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Education ; Education Philosophy ; Integrationspädagogik ; Erziehungsphilosophie
    Abstract: The inclusion of disabled children and those with difficult behaviour is increasingly being seen as an impossible challenge and, not surprisingly, concerns are being expressed by teachers unions and researchers about teachers??? capacities, and willingness, to manage these demands. With Warnock, the so-called ???architect??? of inclusion now pronouncing this her ???big mistake??? and calling for a return to special schooling, inclusion appears to be under threat as never before. This book takes key ideas of the philosophers of difference ??? Deleuze, Foucault and Derrida ??? and puts them to w
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Territories of Failure; The Repetition of Exclusion in Policy and Legislation; Excluding Research; Deleuze and Guattari's Smooth Spaces; Derrida and the (IM)Possibilities of Justice; Foucault and the Art of Transgression; Teachers and Students: Subverting, Subtracting, Inventing; Nomadic Learning to Teach: Recognition, Rupture and Repair; Performing Inclusion: Instructive Arts Experiences; Inclusive Research?; The Politics of Inclusion; Back Matter;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 84
    ISBN: 9781402061844
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Lifelong Learning Book Series 10
    DDC: 649.1
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Curriculum planning ; Teachers Training of ; Education Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Werterziehung ; Ethikunterricht ; Lebenslanges Lernen
    Abstract: The aim of this book is to provide an easily accessible, practical yet scholarly source of information about the international concern for the nature, theory and practices of the ideas of values education and lifelong learning. Each chapter in this book is written in an accessible style by an international expert in the field. The book tackles the task of identifying, analyzing and addressing the key problems, topics and issues relevant to education and Lifelong Learning.
    Abstract: The aim of this book is to provide an easily accessible, practical yet scholarly source of information about the international concern for the nature, theory and practices of the ideas of values education and lifelong learning. Each chapter in this book is written in an accessible style by an international expert in the field. Authors tackle the task of identifying, analysing and addressing the key problems, topics and issues relevant to questions about the nature, purpose and scope of values education and Lifelong Learning that are internationally generalisable and, in times of rapid change, of enduring interest to the scholar and practitioner. Authors explore the ways and means by which learners may be encouraged to become educated and grow, both as individual beings and social agents, throughout the whole of their lifespan. The book seeks to provide accounts and critical appraisal of some of the different principles, philosophies, theories, beliefs, traditions and cultures that might form the basis of, frame and furnish the setting for values education policies and programs. We look at some of the main theories behind versions of value in lifelong learning and we point to some of the key concepts and categories at work in such theories. We provide reference to and accounts of some examples of policies or proposals in various national contexts and a range of examples of good practice in policies, programs and curriculum schemes from different schools, school systems and other educating agencies, institutions and organisations around the world.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; The Ontology of Values and Values Education; Opening the Road to Values Education; The Ethics of Lifelong Learning and its Implications for Values Education; Values Education in Context; Rational Autonomy as an Educational Aim; Avoiding Bad Company: The Importance of Moral Habitat and Moral Habits in Moral Education; How Cognitive and Neurobiological Sciences Inform Values Education for Creatures Like us; Challenges for Values Education Today: In Search of a Humanistic Approach for the Cultivation of the Virtue of Private Citizenship; Combining Values and Knowledge Education
    Description / Table of Contents: Formalizing Institutional Identity: A Workable Idea?Values Education: The Missing Link in Quality Teaching and Effective Learning; A Vision Splendid?; "What Kinds of People are We?": Values Education After Apartheid; Anti-egoistic School Leadership: Ecologically Based Value Perspectives for the 21st Century; Teaching for a Better World: The Why and How of Student-initiated Curricula; The Neglected Role of Religion and Worldview in Schooling for Wisdom, Character, and Virtue; Clusters and Learning Networks: A Strategy for Reform in Values Education
    Description / Table of Contents: Values Education and Lifelong Learning: Policy ChallengeLifelong Learning in Asia: Eclectic Concepts, Rhetorical Ideals, and Missing Values. Implications for Values Education; Lifelong Learning, Adult Education, and Democratic Values: Evoking and Shaping an Inclusive Imagination; Whole-School Approaches to Values Education: Models of Practice in Australian Schools; Back Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 85
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402064463
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 371.207
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Education and state ; Educational tests and measurements ; Bildungswesen ; Organisationsentwicklung ; Governance
    Abstract: Educational systems are now more than ever faced with the challenge of improving their performance and proving that suitable measures are being taken to guarantee greater efficiency regarding equity. Bringing together a wide range of disciplines and experience in several countries, this book details possible models of governance and describes ways to measure their effects in terms of efficiency and equity.
    Abstract: Education has increasingly become the focus of public discourse and policy, with its methods, resources and achievements widely debated. As a result, educational systems are now more than ever faced with the challenge of improving their performance and of proving that suitable measures are being taken to guarantee greater efficiency regarding equity. This desire for better results requires that better methods for their measurement exist so that they can be better understood and, ultimately, improved. Several disciplines have already developed instruments for this purpose. The educational sciences have been particularly active in this field. Other disciplines, such as sociology, economics, management, information technology, and political science are also making significant contributions to the emergence of a better form of governance. Before one can benefit from these developments, one first must know about their existence and analyse and question them. The proposed book is unique in that it brings together a wide range of disciplines and experience from several countries. What are possible models of governance? How do we measure their effects in terms of efficiency and equity? What type of contribution can financial and information systems make? How do we adapt the prevailing culture to the challenge of better performance? These are some of the concrete questions to which this book provides an answer.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Introduction: Governance and Performance of Education Systems; The New Regulation Forms of Educational Systems in Europe: Towards a Post-bureaucratic Regime; Comparing Higher Education Governance Systems in Four European Countries; Purpose and Limits of a National Monitoring of the Education System Through Indicators; Measuring and Comparing the Equity of Education Systems in Europe; The Economic Benefits of Improved Teacher Quality; Direct Democracy and Public Education in Swiss Cantons; School Factors Related to Quality: Multilevel Analysis for Three Swiss Cantons
    Description / Table of Contents: Are Swiss Secondary Schools Efficient?Funding Schools by Formula; A Cost Model of Schools: School Size, School Structure and Student Composition; The Potential of School Information Systems for Enhancing School Improvement; School Autonomy and Financial Manoeuvrability: French Principals' Strategies; Finnish Strategy for High-Level Education for All; Back Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9781402057762
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: International Handbooks of Religion and Education 2
    DDC: 371.0712
    Keywords: Education ; Education Philosophy
    Abstract: Knowledge of Catholic educational scholarship and research has been largely confined to specific national settings. Now is the time to bring together this scholarship. This is the first international handbook on Catholic educational scholarship and research. The unifying theme of the Handbook is 'Catholic Education: challenges and responses' in a number of international settings. In addition to analyzing the largest faith-based educational system worldwide, the book also critically examines contemporary issues such as church-state relations and the impact of secularization and globalization.
    Abstract: Knowledge of Catholic educational scholarship and research has been largely confined to specific national settings. Now is the time to bring together this scholarship in an international Handbook reflecting the fact that the Catholic Church is an international organisation and that its various educational systems can learn from each other. The unifying theme of the Handbook will be 'Catholic Education: challenges and responses' in a number of international settings. The analytical focus will be problem orientated in examining church-state relations, the consequences of globalisation, the impact of secularisation, the extent of Vatican II transformations of educational policy and practice, issues of school leadership and governance and other contemporary challenges. At the same time an examination will be undertaken of the various responses which are being made to these challenges. The two volumes will be organized by geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Grace_FM.pdf; Grace Ch01.pdf; Grace Ch02.pdf; Grace Ch03.pdf; Grace Ch04.pdf; Grace Ch05.pdf; Grace Ch06.pdf; Grace Ch07.pdf; Grace Ch08.pdf; Grace Ch09.pdf; Grace Ch10.pdf; Grace Ch11.pdf; Grace Ch12.pdf; Grace Ch13.pdf; Grace Ch14.pdf; Grace Ch15.pdf; Grace Ch16.pdf; Grace Ch17.pdf; Grace Ch18.pdf; Grace Ch19.pdf; Grace Ch20.pdf; Grace Ch21.pdf; Grace Ch22.pdf; Grace Ch23.pdf; Grace Ch24.pdf; Grace Ch25.pdf; Grace Ch26.pdf; Grace Ch27.pdf; 978-1-4020-5776-2_Book_OnlinePDF.pdf;
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 87
    ISBN: 9781402057366
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: CERC Studies in Comparative Education 18
    DDC: 375.006
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Comparative education ; Curriculum planning ; Education and state ; Sociology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Grundschule ; Lehrplanentwicklung ; Sekundarstufe ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: In this special edited volume, scholars with diverse backgrounds and conceptual frameworks explore how economic, political, social and ideological forces impact on school curricula over time and place. In providing regional and global perspectives on curricular policies, practices and reforms, the authors move beyond the conventional notion that school contents reflect principally national priorities and subject-based interests.
    Abstract: School curricula are established not only to prepare young people for a real world, but also to beckon an imagined one anchored in individual rights and collective progress. Both worlds the real and the imagined increasingly reflect influential trans-national forces. In this special edited volume, scholars with diverse backgrounds and conceptual frameworks explore how economic, political, social and ideological forces impact on school curricula over time and place. In providing regional and global perspectives on curricular policies, practices and reforms, the authors move beyond the conventional notion that school contents reflect principally national priorities and subject-based interests. Some authors emphasize a convergence to standardized global curricular structures and discourses. Others suggest that changes regarding the intended contents of primary and secondary school curricula reveal regional or trans-cultural influences. Overall, these comparative and historical studies demonstrate that the dynamics of curriculum-making and curricular reform are increasingly forged within wider regional, cross-regional and global contexts.
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS; List of Tables and Figures; Acronyms; Series Editor's Foreword; Dedication to Cecilia Braslavsky Juan Carlos TEDESCO; Acknowledgements; Introduction; THE CHANGING IDEOLOGICAL BASES OF THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM; 1 Educational Ideology and the School Curriculum; 2 The Worldwide Rise of Human Rights Education; CURRICULAR CONTENTS AND PRACTICES IN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION; 3 The Spread of English Language Instruction in the Primary School; 4 Educating Future Citizens in Europe and Asia; 5 Historical Competence as a Key to Promote Democracy
    Description / Table of Contents: 6 The Marginalization of Aesthetic Education in the School Curriculum7 Transmission of Values in Muslim Countries: Religious Education; 8 World Models of Secondary Education, 1960--2000; 9 Micro-politics and the Examination of Curricular Practices:; THE DYNAMICS OF CURRICULUM-MAKING AND CURRICULAR REFORM; 10 The Current Discourse on Curriculum Change: A Comparative Analysis of National Reports on Education; 11 The Dynamics of Curriculum Design and Development: Scenarios for Curriculum Evolution; 12 Socio-historical Processes of Curriculum Change
    Description / Table of Contents: 13 New Proposals for Upper Secondary Curricula inSCHOOL CURRICULA IN PERSPECTIVE: REFLECTIONS ON THE PAST, AND DIRECTIONS FOR THE FUTURE; 14 Cecilia Braslavsky and the Curriculum: Reflections on a Lifelong Journey in Search of Quality Education for All; 15 World Models, National Curricula, and the Centrality of the Individual; Contributors; Bibliography; Index
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 88
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402056666
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research 22
    DDC: 378
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Curriculum planning ; Education and state ; Education, Higher
    Abstract: Part of a series which offers a compendium of integrative literature reviews on a diverse array of topics of interest to the higher education scholarly and policy communities. This book focuses on twelve general areas that encompass the salient dimensions of scholarly and policy inquiries undertaken in the international higher education community
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; A Career Out of Control (Maybe); Accountability, Assessment, and the Scholarship of "Best Practice"; Striving for What? Exploring the Pursuit of Prestige; 'Outsiders', Student Subcultures, and the Massification of Higher Education; Teachers' Nonverbal Behavior and its Effects on Students; The Pell Program at Thirty Years; The Political Economy of Redistribution Through Higher Education Subsidies; Adjusting for Nonresponse in Surveys; Neoliberal Policies and Community College Faculty Work; Signals and Strategies in Hiring Faculty of Color
    Description / Table of Contents: Marketing Sameness: Consumerism, Commercialism, and the Status QuoBack Matter;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402055683
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: CERC Studies in Comparative Education 17
    DDC: 370.922
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Comparative education ; Education and state ; Education Philosophy ; History ; Humanities ; China ; Pädagogik
    Abstract: This book conveys an understanding of China s educational development from within. It does so through portraits of eleven influential educators whose ideas have shaped the educational reforms initiated by Deng Xiaoping in 1978. These eleven educators are portrayed in the context of their cultural heritage, families, communities and schools, offering their own deeply reflective interpretations of Chinese education. The book provides glimpses into the educational context of China s recent move onto the world stage.
    Abstract: This book conveys an understanding of China??'s educational development from within. It does so through portraits of eleven influential educators whose ideas have shaped the educational reforms initiated by Deng Xiaoping in 1978. These eleven educators are portrayed in the context of their cultural heritage, families, communities and schools, offering their own deeply reflective interpretations of Chinese education. The book provides glimpses into the educational context of China??'s recent move onto the world stage
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Creating the Portraits - An Interpretive Framework; Wang Chengxu - A Leading Figure in Comparative Education; Li Bingde - Pioneer of Learning Theory and Educational Experimentation; Zhu Jiusi - A Visionary University Leader; Pan Maoyuan - Founder of Higher Education Studies in China; Xie Xide - An Outstanding Scientist and Educator; Wang Fengxian - A Leading Philosopher of Education; Wang Yongquan - Higher Education Thinker and Leader; Gu Mingyuan - Comparative Educator and Modernization Theorist; Lu Jie - A Woman Educator of Standing
    Description / Table of Contents: Liu Fonian and Ye Lan - Influential Educators of Two GenerationsComparative Reflections on the Portraits; Back Matter;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 90
    ISBN: 9781402056123
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Educational Innovation in Economics and Business 10
    DDC: 658.40711
    RVK:
    Keywords: Führungskräfteentwicklung ; Betriebswirtschaftsstudium ; Wirtschaftsstudium ; Wirtschaftspädagogik ; Education ; Education, Higher ; Educational tests and measurements ; Führungskraft ; Hochschulbildung
    Abstract: This volume explores the challenges of educating professionals to succeed in a complex, uncertain and global business world. The book contains intellectual concepts and practical advice from leaders in innovative education around the globe. It will help educators and the educational enterprise become more innovative, efficient, and effective in addressing the teaching/learning challenges associated with helping students prepare to face their own challenges.
    Abstract: "As an educator, are you struggling with any of the following challenges? Do you know what competencies, capacities, attitudes, and perspectives learners need to develop so they can be contributing, productive members of organizations and society? What resource constraints do you need to address in trying to provide innovative and meaningful education? How can you make the learning process more effective? How can you best use technology to effectively deliver content and meaningfully engage learners in the educational process? What can you do to help people become effective leaders of businesses and other organizations in an increasingly complex and values-driven world that is changing rapidly and often contentiously? How do you accommodate the needs of learners throughout their lives? How do you accomplish all of this in a multicultural and global environment? If you are facing any of these challenges, this volume is a ""must read"" it tackles these questions and more, providing perspectives and insights from leading educators around the globe. This volume will help educators and the educational enterprise become more innovative, efficient, and effective in addressing the teaching/learning challenges associated with helping students prepare to face their own challenges as leaders and followers in an increasingly complex, uncertain, and global economy."
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS; Contributing Authors; Acknowledgments; Editorial Team; Preface; PART I: INTRODUCTION; The Challenges of Educating People to Lead in a Challenging World; PART II: THE TEACHING/LEARNING CONUNDRUM: ISSUES, CHALLENGES, AND PROSPECTS; The Education Objective for the Knowledge Economy; A Process for Implementing Problem-based Learning; Universitat Oberta de Catalunya; A Tempus Tacis Project as a Catalyst for Change in Post-Soviet Georgia; Is There a Gap Between the Idea and its Application in Higher Education?; Implementing and Sustaining Educational Innovations
    Description / Table of Contents: Use, Misuse, and Abuse of Student Evaluations of InstructionPART III: ASSESSING THE DIMENSIONS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF LEARNING AND LEARNERS; The Identification of Constructivist Pedagogy in Different Learning Environments; Development of Competence in Translating Business Ideas into Practice; Commonalities in Attitudes and Beliefs Toward Different Academic Subjects; Multicultural Perceptions of the Entrepreneurial Lifestyle; Developing Learning Materials for the Unknown Online Learner; Piloting the Accreditation of Experiential Learning - A Case Study
    Description / Table of Contents: PART IV: DEVELOPING COMPETENCIES FOR CAREER SUCCESS: ISSUES AND PRACTICESTeaching for Life - Generic Capabilities that Link University Learning with Workplace Learning; How Distance Education Can Sustain the Development of Competencies; An Approach for Helping Students Become Authentic Ethical Role Models; Developing Critical Thinking Skills Online to Facilitate a Discursive Multicultural Classroom; The Role of University Education; PART V: USING TECHNOLOGY TO FACILITATE TEACHING AND LEARNING; Where Did the Didactics Go?; An Exploratory Analysis
    Description / Table of Contents: Applying the Concept of a Corporate University to a Business SectorThe ITESM Model; An Exploratory Case Study Examining the Impact of Action Learning on the Design of Management-level Web-based Instruction; Lower Perceived Performance by Students; PART VI: TEACHING AND LEARNING INSIGHTS FROM UNIQUE APPLICATIONS; Powerful Ideas for Innovative Learning Design and the Use of IT in Corporate Education; Leveraging Diversity in Globalizing Education; The Relevance of a Public Sector Experiment for Innovative Education; Principles and Practices; PBL Experience with First Year Business Undergraduates
    Description / Table of Contents: Index
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  • 91
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402050329
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 507.12
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Teachers Training of
    Abstract: In August 2005, over 500 international researchers from the field of science education met at the 5th European Science Education Research Association conference in Barcelona, Spain. Two of the main topics at this conference were: the decrease in the number of students interested in school science and concern about the worldwide outcomes of studies on students??? scientific literacy. At the conference, over 400 papers were presented, covering a wide range of topics relevant to science education research, such as evidence-based practice, teachers??? professional development, the role of ICT and
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Interest in Science: Lessons and non-lessons from TIMSS and PISA; Research-based Innovative Units for Enhancing Student Cognitive Outcomes and Interest in Science; Girls and Physics: Dilemmas and Tensions; Contested Territory: The Actual and Potential Impact of Research on Teaching and Learning Science on Students' Learning; Studying Science Teaching Practices in Relation to Learning: Time Scales of Teaching Phenomena; The Potential of Video Studies in Research on Teaching and Learning Science; Pedagogical Content Knowledge: What Does it Mean to Science Teachers?
    Description / Table of Contents: Science Teachers' PCK and Teaching Practice: Learning to Scaffold Students' Open-inquiry LearningPhysics in Context - A program for Improving Physics Instruction in Germany; The Relationship of Capability Beliefs and Teaching Environments of New Danish Elementary Teachers of Science to Teaching Success; A Beginners' Module of Integrated Natural Science for Secondary Teacher Students: The result of an Educational Reconstruction Process over Three Iterations; Learning Process Studies; Meaning Construction and Contextualization While Solving a Dynamics Task in the Laboratory
    Description / Table of Contents: Development of a Model of Formative AssessmentMemorisation of Information from Scientific Movies; Micro-organisms: Everyday Knowledge Predates and Contrasts with School Knowledge; Using the Processes of Electrical Charge of Bodies as a Tool in the Assessment of University Students' Learning in Electricity; Representation and Learning about Evaporation; Learning from the History and Philosophy of Science: Deficiencies in Teaching the Macroscopic Concepts of Substance and Chemical Change; Non-Formal Science Teaching and Learning
    Description / Table of Contents: Adults' Understanding of Analogy-based Exhibits in an Interactive Science MuseumThe Puppets Project: Using Puppets to Promote Engagement and Talk in Science; Inquiring the Inquiry Laboratory in High School; Developing Students' Views on the Nature of Science through Non-traditional Writing-to-Learn Experiences in the Science Classroom; Towards a Validated Conception of Scientific Models; The Development of Elementary Students' Understanding of Complex Ecosystems Through a Model-Based Approach
    Description / Table of Contents: Effects of Model-Based Teaching on the Durability of Pre-Service Physics Teachers' Conceptions of Lunar EventsLearning and Teaching about Ecosystems Based on Systems Thinking and Modelling in an Authentic Practice; Argumentation and the Learning of Science; Students' Argumentation in Group Discussions on a Socio-Scientific Issue; Exemplary Teaching of Argumentation: A Case Study of Two Science Teachers; What Can We Learn from a Study of Argumentation in the Students Answers and Group Discussion to Open Physics Problems?
    Description / Table of Contents: Evaluating Students' Multimedia Science Design Projects in the Elementary Classroom
    Note: Edited papers from the 5th European Science Education Research Association conference held August 2005 in Barcelona, Spain , Includes bibliographical references and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402055164
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies In Educational Leadership 5
    DDC: 371.2012
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Education and state ; Education, Higher ; Schulleitung ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: This book contributes significantly to our understanding of successful school leaders by describing similarities and differences in the work of such leaders in countries ranging from England to Australia, the United States to Norway, and Sweden to Hong Kong. Bringing together case study research, the book helps explain what all successful principals do and the ways in which context shapes some of their work.
    Abstract: The leadership of school principals is an enormously powerful influence on the quality of schools and the learning of pupils. While the work of principals has been examined intensively over the past 20 years, almost no effort has been made to understand the role from an international or cross-cultural perspective. This book contributes significantly to our understanding of successful school leaders by describing similarities and differences in the work of such leaders in countries ranging from England to Australia, the United States to Norway, Sweden to Hong Kong. Bringing together case study research, the book helps explain what all successful principals do and the ways in which context shapes some of their work.
    Description / Table of Contents: 978-1-4020-5516-4_BookFrontmatter_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-1-4020-5516-4_1_OnlinePDF.pdf; Starting with What we Know; 978-1-4020-5516-4_2_OnlinePDF.pdf; Successful School Principalship in Tasmania; 978-1-4020-5516-4_3_OnlinePDF.pdf; Models of Successful Principal Leadership: Victorian Case Studies; 978-1-4020-5516-4_4_OnlinePDF.pdf; Sustaining Success in Challenging Contexts: Leadership in English Schools; 978-1-4020-5516-4_5_OnlinePDF.pdf; Successful Leadership Based on Democratic Values; 978-1-4020-5516-4_6_OnlinePDF.pdf; Successful PrincipalshipThe Swedish Case
    Description / Table of Contents: 978-1-4020-5516-4_7_OnlinePDF.pdfCommunicative Strategies Among Successful Danish School Principals; 978-1-4020-5516-4_8_OnlinePDF.pdf; Successful Leadership: Does Context Matter and If So, How?; 978-1-4020-5516-4_9_OnlinePDF.pdf; Successful Principalship in Shanghai: A Case Study; 978-1-4020-5516-4_10_OnlinePDF.pdf; Against the Odds: Successful Principals in Challenging U.S. Schools; 978-1-4020-5516-4_11_OnlinePDF.pdf; Building and Sustaining Successful Principalship: Key Themes; 978-1-4020-5516-4_12_OnlinePDF.pdf; What We Learned: A Broad View
    Note: Description based upon print version of record , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 93
    ISBN: 9781402060229
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in Educational Leadership 6
    DDC: 371.2
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Educational tests and measurements ; Schulleitung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: This book offers cutting edge thinking on effective leadership processes. It pulls together the thinking of 16 educators with diverse backgrounds and experiences, all of whom hold keen interests in harnessing the forces that can improve educational opportunity for students. The book is intended to stimulate the thinking of every educator who aspires to influence decision-making and to provide direction to their school, district or institution.
    Abstract: Effective educational leadership, while highly contextualized, is more and more recognized as a crucial input and process variable that determines to a very large extent the outcomes for educational organizations. This book pulls together the thinking of 16 educators with diverse backgrounds and experiences, all of whom hold keen interests in harnessing the forces that can improve educational opportunity for students. Becoming an effective education leader requires more than a passing knowledge of leadership theory, it also requires knowledge of what works in education and an on-going commitment to thinking about how leadership dynamics and pedagogical theory intersect within contextual realities. Intelligent Leadership: Constructs for Thinking Education Leaders is intended to stimulate the thinking of every educator who aspires to influence decision-making and to provide direction to their school, district or institution.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; In Search of the Elusive General Theory; Observations on Leadership: Linking Theory, Practice and Lived Experience; Change Theory as a Force for School Improvement; What We Know About Educational Leadership; Contemporary Learning Theories, Instructional Design and Leadership; Democratic School Leadership in Canada's Public School Systems: Professional Value and Social Ethic; School and Community; Using Resources Effectively in Education; Leading Towards Learning and Achievement: The Role of Quality Classroom Assessment
    Description / Table of Contents: A Survey of Existing School Leadership Preparation and Development Programs
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 94
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402051999
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Springer International Handbooks of Education 19
    DDC: 370
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Education and state ; Stadt ; Bildungswesen
    Abstract: The universality of the problematics with urban education, together with the importance of understanding the context of improvement interventions, brings into sharp focus the importance of an undertaking like the International Handbook of Urban Education. An important focus of this book is the interrogation of both the social and political factors that lead to different problem posing and subsequent solutions within each region.
    Abstract: It is evident that urban education has become the central focus of educators at the present time. In the U.S., for example, almost one third of all school age children attend schools in large urban school districts. It is in these urban schools where the diversity of cultures and languages is highest and where student learning is most problematic. What has emerged from recent work to improve urban schools is the insight that there is no one-size-fits-all panacea. Rather, we have discovered that the local context shapes, in critically important ways, what will be effective at the school level. The universality of the problematics with urban education, together with the importance of understanding the local, or situated, context of improvement interventions, brings into sharp focus the importance and timeliness of an undertaking like the International Handbook of Urban Education. An important focus of the International Handbook of Urban Education will be the interrogation of both the social and political factors that lead to different problem posing and subsequent solutions within each region. An important question to be answered, for example, is what it takes in terms of resources, political will and policy actions to improve urban education.
    Description / Table of Contents: pt. 1, section 1. Africa ; section 2. Asia Pacific ; section 3. Western Europe -- pt. 2, section 4. Latin America ; section 5. North America ; section 6. United Kingdom.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402059223
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Science & Technology Education Library 32
    DDC: 507.1
    Keywords: Education ; Mathematics ; Science Study and teaching ; Erlebnisbericht ; Philadelphia, Pa. ; High school ; Mathematik ; Physik ; Lehrer ; Berufslaufbahn ; Arbeitsfeld ; Philadelphia, Pa. ; High school ; Interkulturelle Erziehung
    Abstract: This book explores what happens as beginning urban teachers transition through their first few years in the classroom. It captures one teacher's journey through the first three years of teaching science and mathematics in a large urban district in the US. Combining narrative with critical analysis, the authors focus on Ian's agency as a beginning teacher and explore his success in working with diverse students.
    Abstract: What happens as beginning urban teachers transition through their first few years in the classroom? This book captures one teacher's journey through the first three years of teaching science and mathematics in a large urban district in the US. The authors focus on Ian's agency as a beginning teacher and explore his success in working with diverse students. Using critical ethnography combined with first-person narrative, they investigate Ian's teaching practices in four contexts: his student teaching experience, his work with students on a summer curriculum development project, his first year of teaching in a small, urban high school, and his second year of teaching in a large, comprehensive high school. In each field, the authors describe the structural changes Ian encounters and the ways in which he re-utilizes the practices he used successfully in previous fields. Specific practices that helped foster community and led to the increased agency of his students as learners are highlighted.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402062261
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Enhancing teaching and learning through assessment
    DDC: 370
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Educational tests and measurements ; Schulleistungsmessung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Assessment is the daily life of a teacher; designing plans, setting questions, giving feedback and grading are all activities that teachers undertake on a regular basis. This book provides a practical guide on the effective use of assessment. It includes the use of assessment tools and pedagogical design that help students deepen their learning. Major issues on assessment and some excellent examples are presented as a useful resource to university teachers in enhancing teaching and students' learning.
    Abstract: Assessment is the daily life of a teacher, designing plans, setting questions, giving feedback and grading are all activities that teachers undertake on a regular basis. Yet, the close examination of such activities can be hindered by constraints caused by the context in which different teaching and learning activities occur and an unawareness of the effect that assessment has on the students themselves. This book provides a practical guide on the effective use of assessment. It includes the use of assessment tools and pedagogical design that help students deepen their learning. Major issues on assessment and some excellent examples are presented as a useful resource to university teachers in enhancing teaching and students' learning. It will also be found useful by teachers when implementing various assessment methods. School administrators and teaching development professionals will find the book useful when making decisions related to learning and teaching issues in their institutions.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Implementing Criterion-Referenced Assessment; Reinforcing Formative and Summative Assessment; Aligning Assessment with Learning and Teaching; Rethinking Teacher Professional Development; Teaching with Group Work, Peer and Self Assessment; Designing Multiple Assessment Methods; Reviewing Outcome-based Assessment and Implementation issues; Examining Assessment in the Workplace; Making Use of Technology in Assessment; Exploring Implementation Issues and their Implications; Back Matter
    Note: "Assessment series"--P. facing t.p , "This book arose out of papers given at the UGC-funded First International Conference 'Enhancing Teaching and Learning through Assessment', held at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University in June, 2005"--Foreword , "The contributions ... are from ... Conference titled, 'The First International Conference on Enhancing Teaching and Learning through Assessment'--Acknowledgements , Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402047732
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 370
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Comparative Education ; Education ; Teachers Training of ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Lehrerbildung ; Lehrerfortbildung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: This book provides a wide-ranging review of the current state of teacher education, with contributions by an international group of teacher educators. It focuses on issues confronting teacher educators today and in the coming decade, including the impact of globalization on the profession of teaching, and the need for teacher education to adapt to changing accountability requirements, and establish a set of minimum standards that qualify a person to teach.
    Abstract: This book provides an international review of the current state of teacher education, with chapters from an international group of teacher educators. It focuses on major issues that are confronting teacher educators now and in the next decade. These include the impact of globalization on the profession of teaching, and how teacher education must deal with changing accountability requirements from governments and establish a set of minimum standards acceptable to enable a person to teach. The work also considers aspects of the three major phases of teacher education: the period prior to commencing in the profession, successful induction into the profession, and the ongoing professional development of teachers. Finally, it identifies ways in which new technologies can be used to improve the training and ongoing development of teachers. Cases from different countries are used to provide a rich base of data to help us understand how the profession is moving onwards.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 98
    ISBN: 9781402047008
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 379.1535 22
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Sociology ; Dezentralisation ; Schule ; Schulverwaltung ; Bildungsreform ; Bildungssystem ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Schulpolitik ; Dezentralisation ; Globalisierung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Here is a review of worldwide economic, political, cultural and educational changes since the beginning of the 1980s, examining new trends in educational governance. It describes the processes of globalization and shows how national education systems have responded. The book explains how world education models have emerged in international agencies and traces the ways these models are borrowed, imitated, imposed and adapted as different countries reform primary and secondary education.
    Abstract: The book makes an overview of the world wide economic, political, cultural and educational changes since the beginning of the 1980's and presents the new type of educational governance. It describes the processes of globalization and how national education systems have responded to these processes. It argues that symbolic world models (for the way of organizing national societies and education) have emerged in international agencies and how these models are borrowed, imitated, imposed and so on, when different countries reform their primary and secondary education. This book extensively reviews outcomes of educational decentralization using research findings from Australia, China, Kyrgyz Republic, Czech Republic, Sweden, England, Mozambique, South Africa, Senegal, Nicaragua, the USA. It also presents grassroots cases from different countries against the background of the overall changes in governance philosophy and applications. It reviews literature and reports on decentralization in the wider context of educational restructuring and gives a detailed account for different types of decentralization and their short and medium term impact. Also, it presents case studies from countries in Africa, Europe and Latin America and describes what is taking place at the local levels. Focus is on the outcomes in terms of parent and teacher participation in school.
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS; List of Tables and Figure; Appendixes; Introduction; Chapter 1 Globalization and the Governance of National Education Systems; Chapter 2 How Does Educational Decentralization Work and What Has it Achieved?; Chapter 3 The State Gives, the State Takes: Educational Restructuring in Norway; Chapter 4 Steps of Educational Decentralization in Greece: between Delegation and Deconcentration; Chapter 5 School Autonomy in Nicaragua: Two Case Studies; Chapter 6 Decentralization in Senegal - Ambiguous Agendas for Community Education
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 7 Technocratic School Governance and South Africa's Quest for Democratic ParticipationChapter 8 Educational Decentralization in Mozambique: A Case Study in the Region of Nampula; Chapter 9 Decentralization and Community Participation: School Clusters in Cambodia; Chapter 10 People's Participation in School Governance? Realities of Educational Decentralization in Nepal; Chapter 11 Educational Governance: Comparison of Some Aspects; Author Index; Subject Index
    Note: Description based upon print version of record , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 99
    ISBN: 9781402059087
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 370
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Comparative education ; Mathematics ; Science Study and teaching
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402053085
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: Educational Research v.1
    DDC: 370.7
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Education Philosophy ; Education and state ; Education, Higher ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Forschung ; Pädagogik ; Praxis
    Abstract: Education and educational research are concerned with 'what works', to the exclusion of all other considerations. This book focuses on the problematical nature of the search for 'what works' in educational contexts, in practice as well as in theory
    Description / Table of Contents: The 'good practices' of Jozef Emiel Verheyenschoolman and Professor of Education at the Ghent University / Marc Depaepe, Frank Simon & Angelo Van Gorp -- Ovide Decroly, a hero of education / Angelo Van Gorp -- Why generalizability is not generalizable / Lynn Fendler -- The new languages and old institutions : problems of implementing new school governance / Daniel Tröhler -- Problematization or methodology / James D. Marshall -- The relevance of irrelevant research ; the irrelevance of relevant research / Paul Smeyers -- Expectations of what schientific research could (not) do / Kathleen Coessens and Jean Paul Van Bendegem -- Kuhnian science and education research : analytics of practice and training / Lynda Stone -- The international and the excellent in educational research / David Bridges -- Technical difficulties : the workings of practical judgement / Richard Smith -- The science of education -- disciplinary knowledge on non-knowledge/ignorance? / Edwin Keiner.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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