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  • 2005-2009  (61)
  • Dordrecht : Springer  (61)
  • Science Philosophy  (31)
  • Science Study and teaching  (20)
  • History
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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402085185
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas 199
    Serie: SpringerLink
    Serie: Bücher
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. Renaissance scepticisms
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Philosophy ; Skepticism History ; 16th century ; Philosophy, Renaissance ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Skeptizismus ; Renaissance ; Skeptizismus ; Geschichte 1420-1600 ; Skeptizismus ; Renaissance ; Skeptizismus ; Geschichte 1420-1600
    Kurzfassung: Even if specific pieces of research (on the sources or on individual authors, such as Pico, Agrippa, Erasmus, Montaigne, Sanches etc.) have given and are still producing significant results on Renaissance scepticism, an overall synthesis comprising the entire period has not been achieved yet. No predetermined idea of that complex historical subject that is Renaissance scepticism underlies this book, and we want to sacrifice the complexity of movements, personalities, tendencies and interpretations to any sort of a priori unity of theme even less. We acknowledge unhesitatingly that we had always thought of "scepticisms" in the plural, and believe that the different contexts (philosophical, religious, cultural) in which these forms grew up must also be taken into account. Furthermore, given the transversal nature and provocative character of the sceptical challenge, this book contains essays also on philosophers who, without being sceptics and sometimes engaged in fighting scepticism, nevertheless took up its challenge. The main authors considered in this book are: Vives, Castellio, Agrippa, Pedro de Valencia, Pico, Sanchez, Montaigne, Charron, Bruno, Bacon, and Campanella. The various essays in the book show the relevance of the philosophical thought of authors little known by the general public and put in new perspective important aspects of the thought of some of the great thinkers of the Renaissance.
    URL: Cover
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  • 2
    Buch
    Buch
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789048125371 , 9789048125388
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: XIV, 347 S. , 24cm
    Paralleltitel: Online-Ausg. Bilimoria, Purushottama Postcolonial Philosophy of Religion
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Bilimoria, Purushottama Postcolonial Philosophy of Religion
    DDC: 200
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Religion Philosophy ; History ; East and West Philosophy ; Great Britain Colonies ; Religious life and customs ; Konferenzschrift 1996 ; Konferenzschrift 1996 ; Religionsphilosophie ; Postkolonialismus ; Indien ; Religionsphilosophie ; Postkolonialismus ; Amerika ; Religionsphilosophie ; Postkolonialismus
    Anmerkung: Literaturangaben
    URL: Cover
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402068997
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 261
    DDC: 501
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Unterbestimmtheit
    Kurzfassung: This timely book offers a wide-ranging study of the thesis that scientific theories are systematically 'underdetermined' by the data they account for. After analyzing the epistemological and ontological aspects of the topic in detail, and reviewing pertinent logical facts and selected scientific cases, the author carefully examines the merits of arguments for and against the thesis. Along the way, he investigates methodological proposals and recent theories of confirmation.
    Kurzfassung: Underdetermination. An Essay on Evidence and the Limits of Natural Knowledgeis a wide-ranging study of the thesis that scientific theories are systematically 'underdetermined' by the data they account for. This much-debated thesis is a thorn in the side of scientific realists and methodologists of science alike and of late has been vigorously attacked. After analyzing the epistemological and ontological aspects of the controversy in detail, and reviewing pertinent logical facts and selected scientific cases, Bonk carefully examines the merits of arguments for and against the thesis. Along the way, he investigates methodological proposals and recent theories of confirmation, which promise to discriminate among observationally equivalent theories on evidential grounds. He explores sympathetically but critically W.V.Quine and H. Putnam’s arguments for the thesis, the relationship between indeterminacy and underdetermination, and possibilities for a conventionalist solution.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS; 1 A Humean Predicament?; 1.1 Aspects of Underdetermination; 1.2 Significance of the Thesis; 1.3 Quine, Realism, and Underdetermination; 1.4 No Quick Solutions; 1.5 Three Responses and Strategies; 2 Underdetermination Issues in the Exact Sciences; 2.1 Logical Equivalence, Interdefinability, and Isomorphism; 2.2 Theorems of Ramsey and Craig; 2.3 From Denotational Vagueness to Ontological Relativity; 2.4 Semantic Arguments; 2.5 Physical Equivalence; 2.6 Underdetermination of Geometry; 3 Rationality, Method, and Evidence; 3.1 Deductivism Revisited; 3.2 Quine on Method and Evidence
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 3.3 Instance Confirmation and Bootstrapping3.4 Demonstrative Induction; 3.5 Underdetermination and Inter-theory Relations; 4 Competing Truths; 4.1 Constructivism; 4.2 Things versus Numbers; 4.3 Squares, Balls, Lines and Points; 4.4 Algorithms; 5 Problems of Representation; 5.1 Ambiguity; 5.2 Conventionalism:Local; 5.3 Conventionalism:Global; 5.4 Verification and Fictionalism; 6 Underdetermination and Indeterminacy; 6.1 Underdetermination of Translation; 6.2 Indeterminacy versus Underdetermination; 6.3 Empirical Investigations of Cognitive Meaning; 6.4 Indeterminacy and the Absence of Fact
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 6.5 Quine's Pragmatic Interpretation of UnderdeterminationBibliography; Index
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 4
    Buch
    Buch
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402058820 , 9781402036125
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: VII, 354 S. , ill. (partly col.) , 25 cm
    Serie: Models and modeling in science education 1
    Serie: Models and modeling in science education
    DDC: 370.1
    RVK:
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    Schlagwort(e): Science Study and teaching ; Visualization ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Naturwissenschaftlicher Unterricht ; Visualisierung ; Fachdidaktik
    Anmerkung: Literaturangaben
    URL: Cover
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9781402029875
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: Boston Studies In The Philosophy Of Science 241
    DDC: 306.4509409034
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Physics History ; Geschichte
    Kurzfassung: This fascinating text is an exploration of the relationship between science and philosophy in the early nineteenth century. This subject remains one of the most misunderstood topics in modern European intellectual history. By taking the brilliant career of Danish physicist-philosopher Hans ChristianØrsted as their organizing theme, leading international philosophers and historians of science reveal illuminating new perspectives on the intellectual map of Europe in the age of revolution and romanticism.
    Kurzfassung: The relations between science and philosophy in the early nineteenth century remain one of the most misunderstood topics in modern European intellectual history. By taking the brilliant career of Danish physicist-philosopher Hans Christian Ørsted as their organizing theme, leading international philosophers and historians of science reveal illuminating new perspectives on the intellectual map of Europe in the age of revolution and romanticism. They show how Ørsted, an intrepid traveller and cosmopolitan from the periphery of enlightened Europe, mediated between the great scientists of Germany, France, and Britain and profoundly shaped post-kantian philosophy and the emerging new energy physics of the nineteenth-century.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Front Matter; The Way From Nature To God; The Other Side Of Ørsted: Civil Obedience; The Making Of A Danish Kantian: Science And The New Civil Society; Phrenology And Danish Romanticism; Natural Ends And The End Of Nature; The Influence Of Kant's Philosophy On The Young H. C. Ørsted; Ørsted's Concept Of Force And Theory Of Music; Kant-Naturphilosophie-Electromagnetism; Steffens, Ørsted, And The Chemical Construction Of The Earth; The Culture Of Science And Experiments In Jena Around 1800; The Romantic Experiment As Fragment; Ørsted And The Rational Unconscious
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Romanticism And Resistance: Humboldt And "German" Natural Philosophy In Napoleonic FranceBetween Enlightenment And Romanticism: The Case Of Dr. Thomas Beddoes; Ørsted's Presentation Of Others'-And His Own-Work; Ørsted, Ritter, And Magnetochemistry; Ørsted's Work On The Compressibility Of Liquids And Gases, And His Dynamic Theory Of Matter; Hans Christian Ørsted's Spiritual Interpretation Of Natural Science; The Spiritual In The Material; Back Matter
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 6
    Buch
    Buch
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402059087 , 9781402059070 , 1402059078
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: XXVII, 542 S. , Ill.
    DDC: 306.43
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Mathematik ; Naturwissenschaft ; Education and globalization ; Mathematics Study and teaching ; Science Study and teaching ; Mathematikunterricht ; Naturwissenschaftlicher Unterricht ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Mathematikunterricht ; Naturwissenschaftlicher Unterricht
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  • 7
    Buch
    Buch
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: xxxix, 346 p. , ill. (some col.) , 25 cm
    Serie: Models and modeling in science education 1
    Serie: Models and modeling in science education
    DDC: 507.1
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Naturwissenschaft ; Science Study and teaching ; Visualization ; Dreidimensionale Rekonstruktion ; Dreidimensionale geometrische Modellierung ; Visualisierung ; Naturwissenschaftlicher Unterricht ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Visualisierung ; Naturwissenschaftlicher Unterricht ; Dreidimensionale Rekonstruktion ; Dreidimensionale geometrische Modellierung
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical reference and index
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402050329
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 507.12
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Teachers Training of
    Kurzfassung: In August 2005, over 500 international researchers from the field of science education met at the 5th European Science Education Research Association conference in Barcelona, Spain. Two of the main topics at this conference were: the decrease in the number of students interested in school science and concern about the worldwide outcomes of studies on students??? scientific literacy. At the conference, over 400 papers were presented, covering a wide range of topics relevant to science education research, such as evidence-based practice, teachers??? professional development, the role of ICT and
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Front Matter; Interest in Science: Lessons and non-lessons from TIMSS and PISA; Research-based Innovative Units for Enhancing Student Cognitive Outcomes and Interest in Science; Girls and Physics: Dilemmas and Tensions; Contested Territory: The Actual and Potential Impact of Research on Teaching and Learning Science on Students' Learning; Studying Science Teaching Practices in Relation to Learning: Time Scales of Teaching Phenomena; The Potential of Video Studies in Research on Teaching and Learning Science; Pedagogical Content Knowledge: What Does it Mean to Science Teachers?
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Science Teachers' PCK and Teaching Practice: Learning to Scaffold Students' Open-inquiry LearningPhysics in Context - A program for Improving Physics Instruction in Germany; The Relationship of Capability Beliefs and Teaching Environments of New Danish Elementary Teachers of Science to Teaching Success; A Beginners' Module of Integrated Natural Science for Secondary Teacher Students: The result of an Educational Reconstruction Process over Three Iterations; Learning Process Studies; Meaning Construction and Contextualization While Solving a Dynamics Task in the Laboratory
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Development of a Model of Formative AssessmentMemorisation of Information from Scientific Movies; Micro-organisms: Everyday Knowledge Predates and Contrasts with School Knowledge; Using the Processes of Electrical Charge of Bodies as a Tool in the Assessment of University Students' Learning in Electricity; Representation and Learning about Evaporation; Learning from the History and Philosophy of Science: Deficiencies in Teaching the Macroscopic Concepts of Substance and Chemical Change; Non-Formal Science Teaching and Learning
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Adults' Understanding of Analogy-based Exhibits in an Interactive Science MuseumThe Puppets Project: Using Puppets to Promote Engagement and Talk in Science; Inquiring the Inquiry Laboratory in High School; Developing Students' Views on the Nature of Science through Non-traditional Writing-to-Learn Experiences in the Science Classroom; Towards a Validated Conception of Scientific Models; The Development of Elementary Students' Understanding of Complex Ecosystems Through a Model-Based Approach
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Effects of Model-Based Teaching on the Durability of Pre-Service Physics Teachers' Conceptions of Lunar EventsLearning and Teaching about Ecosystems Based on Systems Thinking and Modelling in an Authentic Practice; Argumentation and the Learning of Science; Students' Argumentation in Group Discussions on a Socio-Scientific Issue; Exemplary Teaching of Argumentation: A Case Study of Two Science Teachers; What Can We Learn from a Study of Argumentation in the Students Answers and Group Discussion to Open Physics Problems?
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Evaluating Students' Multimedia Science Design Projects in the Elementary Classroom
    Anmerkung: Edited papers from the 5th European Science Education Research Association conference held August 2005 in Barcelona, Spain , Includes bibliographical references and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402063244
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: 2nd Edition
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: Handbook of Philosophical Logic 14
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    Schlagwort(e): Logic ; Linguistics Science_xLogic design ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Logic design ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie ; Logik
    Kurzfassung: The fourteenth volume of the Second Edition covers central topics in philosophical logic that have been studied for thousands of years, since Aristotle: Inconsistency, Causality, Conditionals, and Quantifiers. These topics are central in many applications of logic in central disciplines such as computer science, artificial intelligence, linguistics, and philosophy. This book is indispensable to any advanced student or researcher using logic in these areas. The chapters are comprehensive and written by major figures in the field
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Front Matter; Logics of Formal Inconsistency; Causality; On Conditionals; Quantifiers in Formal and Natural Languages; Back Matter
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 10
    ISBN: 9781402050343
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 5
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. Perspectives on mathematical practices
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    Schlagwort(e): Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Mathematics ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Mathematik ; Wissenschaftstheorie
    Kurzfassung: In the eyes of the editors, this book will be considered a success if it can convince its readers of the following: that it is warranted to dream of a realistic and full-fledged theory of mathematical practices, in the plural. If such a theory is possible, it would mean that a number of presently existing fierce oppositions between philosophers, sociologists, educators, and other parties involved, are in fact illusory.
    Kurzfassung: Philosophy of mathematics has transformed into a very complex network of diverse ideas, viewpoints, and theories. This title emphasises on the "classical" foundational work (often connected with the use of formal logical methods), and on the sociological dimension of the mathematical research community
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 11
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402052163
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: Philosophy and Medicine 90
    Serie: Philosophy and medicine
    DDC: 610.1
    RVK:
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    Schlagwort(e): Metaphysics ; medicine Science_xMetaphysics ; Social sciences Medicine ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Medicine ; Philosophy, Medical ; Bioethics ; Bioethical Issues ; Metaphysics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Biomedizin
    Kurzfassung: Medicine raises numerous philosophical issues. This volume approaches the philosophy of medicine from the broad naturalist perspective. This holds that philosophy must be continuous with, constrained by, and relevant to empirical results of the natural and social sciences. The upshot is a unique volume that ties medicine to contemporary issues in philosophy of science and metaphysics.
    Kurzfassung: Contemporary medicine is a rich source of controversies and examples that raise important issues in philosophy of science, philosophy of biology, and metaphysics. This volume presents a collection of essays in the philosophy of medicine. It also ties medicine to contemporary issues in philosophy of science and metaphysics
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction; Normality, Disease and Enhancement; Holistic Theories of Health as Applicable to Non-Human Living Beings; Disease and the Concept of Supervenience; Decision and Discovery in Defining 'Disease'; Race and Scientific Reduction; Towards an Adequate Account of Genetic Disease; Why Disease Persists: An Evolutionary Nosology; Creating Mental Illness in Non-Disordered Community Populations; Gender Identity Disorder; Clinical Trials as Nomological Machines: Implications for Evidence-Based Medicine; The Social Epistemology of NIH Consensus Conferences
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Maternal Agency and the Immunological Paradox of PregnancyViolence and Public Health: Exploring the Relationship Between Biological Perspectives on Violent Behavior and Public Health Approaches to Violence Prevention; Taking Equipoise Seriously: The Failure of Clinical or Community Equipoise to Resolve the Ethical Dilemmas in Randomized Clinical Trials
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402059223
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: Science & Technology Education Library 32
    DDC: 507.1
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Mathematics ; Science Study and teaching ; Erlebnisbericht ; Philadelphia, Pa. ; High school ; Mathematik ; Physik ; Lehrer ; Berufslaufbahn ; Arbeitsfeld ; Philadelphia, Pa. ; High school ; Interkulturelle Erziehung
    Kurzfassung: This book explores what happens as beginning urban teachers transition through their first few years in the classroom. It captures one teacher's journey through the first three years of teaching science and mathematics in a large urban district in the US. Combining narrative with critical analysis, the authors focus on Ian's agency as a beginning teacher and explore his success in working with diverse students.
    Kurzfassung: What happens as beginning urban teachers transition through their first few years in the classroom? This book captures one teacher's journey through the first three years of teaching science and mathematics in a large urban district in the US. The authors focus on Ian's agency as a beginning teacher and explore his success in working with diverse students. Using critical ethnography combined with first-person narrative, they investigate Ian's teaching practices in four contexts: his student teaching experience, his work with students on a summer curriculum development project, his first year of teaching in a small, urban high school, and his second year of teaching in a large, comprehensive high school. In each field, the authors describe the structural changes Ian encounters and the ways in which he re-utilizes the practices he used successfully in previous fields. Specific practices that helped foster community and led to the increased agency of his students as learners are highlighted.
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 13
    ISBN: 9781402059087
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 370
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Comparative education ; Mathematics ; Science Study and teaching
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 14
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402050435
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: Studies in the History of Philosophy of Mind 3
    DDC: 121
    RVK:
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of mind ; Science Philosophy ; Griechenland ; Argumentation ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Wissensbasis ; Geschichte 400 v. Chr.-300
    Kurzfassung: This book offers the first synoptic study of how the primary elements in knowledge structures were analysed in antiquity from Plato to late ancient commentaries. It argues that, in the Platonic-Aristotelian tradition, the question of starting points was treated from two distinct points of view: as a question of how we acquire basic knowledge; and as a question of the premises we may immediately accept in the line of argumentation.
    Kurzfassung: If we know something, do we always know it through something else? Does this mean that the chain of knowledge should continue infinitely? Or, rather, should we abandon this approach and ask how we acquire knowledge? Irrespective of the fact that very basic questions concerning human knowledge have been formulated in various ways in different historical and philosophical contexts, philosophers have been surprisingly unanimous concerning the point that structures of knowledge should not be infinite. In order for there to be knowledge, there must be at least some primary elements which may be called 'starting points'. This book offers the first synoptic study of how the primary elements in knowledge structures were analysed in antiquity from Plato to late ancient commentaries, the main emphasis being on the Platonic-Aristotelian tradition. It argues that, in the Platonic-Aristotelian tradition, the question of starting points was treated from two distinct points of view: from the first perspective, as a question of how we acquire basic knowledge, and from the second perspective, as a question of the premises we may immediately accept in the line of argumentation. It was assumed that we acquire some general truths rather naturally and that these function as starting points for inquiry. In the Hellenistic period, an alternative approach was endorsed: the very possibility of knowledge became a central issue when sceptics began demanding that true claims should always be distinguishable from false ones.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS; Acknowledgements; Abbreviations and a Note on the Texts; Introduction; The Topic, Scope, and Aim of this Book; The Structure of the Book; A Brief Survey of the Existing Literature; PART I: PLATONIC-ARISTOTELIAN TRADITION; 1. Theories of Argumentation; 1.1 Plato; 1.2 Aristotle; 1.3 Later Developments; 2. Intellectual Apprehension; 2.1 The Connection between the Two Contexts; 2.2 Perception; 2.3 From Perception to Intellection; PART II: ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES; 3. Hellenistic Philosophy; 3.1 Is there a Starting Point for Knowledge?
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 3.2 Is There a Transition from the Evident to the Non-Evident?3.3 What is Left for the Sceptic?; 3.4 What Does a Doctor Know? - Medical Empiricism as an Alternative Approach to Scientific Knowledge; Conclusion; Bibliography; Index of Names; Index Locorum; Index of Topics
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 295-312) and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9781402062469
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: Australasian Studies In History And Philosophy Of 21
    DDC: 016.5094542
    RVK:
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    Schlagwort(e): Science (General) ; Science History ; Philosophy (General) ; History ; Mathematics_$xHistory ; Toskana ; Experiment ; Naturphilosophie ; Geschichte 1600-1700
    Kurzfassung: This work counters historiographies that search for the origins of modern science within the experimental practices of Europe's first scientific institutions, such as the Cimento. It proposes that we should look beyond the experimental rhetoric found in published works, to find that the Cimento academicians were participants in a culture of natural philosophical theorising that existed throughout Europe.
    Kurzfassung: The Accademia del Cimento (1657-1667) was the first institution in Europe purporting to use an experimental method in its scientific inquiries. According to some recent accounts, the Cimento belonged to a new culture of knowledge making that abandoned the practice of constructing theories in favour of a programme that simply accumulated 'matters of fact', free from theoretical arguments and speculations. However, while the Cimento, led by Tuscany's Prince Leopoldo de'Medici, created a persuasive experimental rhetoric, in actuality the academicians continued to construct experiments and interpret their results on the basis of their theoretical aims and their broader interests in natural philosophy. This analysis begins by examining the use of experiments, mathematics, and natural philosophy in seventeenth-century Italy. Once these topics are clearly defined, it becomes easier to understand the intellectual interests and motivations of each of the Cimento's members. Case studies regarding the Cimento's work on air-pressure, the vacuum, the freezing process, and the properties and effects of heat and cold, reveal the group's natural philosophical skills, commitments, and agendas. Meanwhile, in an attempt to avoid religious pressure and to maintain an uncontroversial reputation for the academy, Leopoldo censored the academicians from publicly expressing their views on a number of issues. The purpose of this work is to counter historiographies that search for the origins of modern science within the experimental practices of Europe's first scientific institutions, such as the Cimento. It proposes that we should look beyond the experimental rhetoric found in published works, to find that the Cimento academicians were participants in a culture of natural philosophical theorising that existed throughout Europe.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Front Matter; 350 Years of coming to grips with the experimental activities of Galileo and his followers; Vincenzio Viviani (1622-1703): Galileo's last disciple; Giovanni Alfonso Borelli (1608-1679); What it meant to be a Cimento academician; Experiments concerning air pressure and the void and a look at the Accademia's internal workings; The artificial freezing process of liquids, and the properties and effects of heat and cold; The Cimento's publication process and presentational techniques: formulating a policy of self-censorship
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The Saturn problem and the path of comets: an analysis of the academicians' theoretical and observational AstronomyBack Matter
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 16
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    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402042652
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science 71
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Mathematik ; Abstraktion ; Hume, David 1711-1776 ; Zahlentheorie ; Philosophie
    Kurzfassung: This volume collects together a number of important papers concerning both the method of abstraction generally and the use of particular abstraction principles to reconstruct central areas of mathematics along logicist lines. Attention is focused on extending the Neo-Fregean treatment to all of mathematics, with the reconstruction of real analysis from various cut- or cauchy-sequence-related abstraction principles and the reconstruction of set theory from various restricted versions of Basic Law V as case studies.
    Kurzfassung: This volume collects together a number of important papers concerning both the method of abstraction generally and the use of particular abstraction principles to reconstruct central areas of mathematics along logicist lines. Gottlob Frege's original logicist project was, in effect, refuted by Russell's paradox. Crispin Wright has recently revived Frege's enterprise, however, providing a philosophical and technical framework within which a reconstruction of arithmetic is possible. While the Neo-Fregean project has recieved extensive attention and discussion, the present volume is unique in presenting a thorough going examination of the mathematical aspects of the neo-logicist project (and the particular philosophical issues arising from these technical concerns). Attention is focused on extending the Neo-Fregean treatment to all of mathematics, with the reconstruction of real analysis from various cut - or cauchy-sequence-related abstraction principles and the reconstruction of set theory from various restricted versions of Basic Law V as case studies. As a result, the volume provides a test of the scope and limits of the neo-logicist project, detailing what has been accomplished and outlining the desiderata still outstanding. All papers in the anthology have their origins in presentations at Arché events, thus providing a volume that is both a survey of the cutting edge in research on the technical aspects of abstraction and a catalogue of the work in this area that has been supported in various ways by Arché.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Front Matter; Is Hume's Principle Analytic?; Is Hume's Principle Analytic?; Frege, Neo-Logicism and Applied Mathematics; Finitude and Hume's Principle; On Finite Hume; Could Nothing Matter?; On the Philosophical Interest of Frege Arithmetic; "Neo-Logicist" Logic is not Epistemically Innocent; Aristotelian Logic, Axioms, and Abstraction; Frege's Unofficial Arithmetic; Reals by Abstraction; The State of the Economy: Neo-Logicism and Inflation; Frege Meets Dedekind: A Neo-Logicist Treatment of Real Analysis; Neo-Fregean Foundations for Real Analysis: Some Reflections on Frege's Constraint
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: New V, ZF, and AbstractionWell- and Non-Well-Founded Fregean Extensions; Abstraction & Set Theory; Prolegomenon to Any Future Neo-Logicist Set Theory: Abstraction and Indefinite Extensibility; Neo-Fregeanism: An Embarrassment of Riches; Iteration one More Time;
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 17
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    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402053122
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: Higher Education Dynamics 16
    DDC: 378.12
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Education, Higher ; Education Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Promotion ; USA ; Promotionsstudium ; Curriculum ; USA ; Promotion
    Kurzfassung: Generic advice in earning a PhD usually falls short of relevance, because of differences in the degree path from one discipline to another. Yet doctoral candidates and their supervisors know this process is governed by protocols and parameters - often implicit - that must be understood and mastered. This book explores these protocols, drawing upon a large-scale study of Australian universities, and also compares doctoral programs in different national systems.
    Kurzfassung: Provides an analysis of the experience of learning to make knowledge at the level of the research doctorate. This book draws principally upon an empirical investigation at a number of Australian universities. It also provides a comparative account of doctoral study in different national systems
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction; Doctoral Study and Disciplinary Learning; Socialisation; Induction Processes; Exploring the Research Environment; Coping in the Arena; Linguistic Acceptability; Achieving Socialisation; Improving the Doctoral Experience
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 153-159) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 18
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402055683
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Serie: CERC Studies in Comparative Education 17
    DDC: 370.922
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Comparative education ; Education and state ; Education Philosophy ; History ; Humanities ; China ; Pädagogik
    Kurzfassung: This book conveys an understanding of China s educational development from within. It does so through portraits of eleven influential educators whose ideas have shaped the educational reforms initiated by Deng Xiaoping in 1978. These eleven educators are portrayed in the context of their cultural heritage, families, communities and schools, offering their own deeply reflective interpretations of Chinese education. The book provides glimpses into the educational context of China s recent move onto the world stage.
    Kurzfassung: This book conveys an understanding of China??'s educational development from within. It does so through portraits of eleven influential educators whose ideas have shaped the educational reforms initiated by Deng Xiaoping in 1978. These eleven educators are portrayed in the context of their cultural heritage, families, communities and schools, offering their own deeply reflective interpretations of Chinese education. The book provides glimpses into the educational context of China??'s recent move onto the world stage
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Front Matter; Creating the Portraits - An Interpretive Framework; Wang Chengxu - A Leading Figure in Comparative Education; Li Bingde - Pioneer of Learning Theory and Educational Experimentation; Zhu Jiusi - A Visionary University Leader; Pan Maoyuan - Founder of Higher Education Studies in China; Xie Xide - An Outstanding Scientist and Educator; Wang Fengxian - A Leading Philosopher of Education; Wang Yongquan - Higher Education Thinker and Leader; Gu Mingyuan - Comparative Educator and Modernization Theorist; Lu Jie - A Woman Educator of Standing
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Liu Fonian and Ye Lan - Influential Educators of Two GenerationsComparative Reflections on the Portraits; Back Matter;
    Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9781402042515
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (XIX, 232 Seiten)
    Serie: Archimedes 14
    Serie: SpringerLink
    Serie: Bücher
    Paralleltitel: Buchausg. u.d.T. Revisiting discovery and justification
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Naturwissenschaften ; Philosophie ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; Entdeckung ; Verifikation
    Kurzfassung: The distinction between the contexts of discovery and justification has left a turbulent wake in the philosophy of science. This book recognizes the need to re-open the debate about the nature, development, and significance of the context distinction, about its merits and flaws. The discussion clears the ground for the productive and fruitful integration of these new developments into philosophy of science.
    Kurzfassung: The distinction between the contexts of discovery and justification has had a turbulent career in philosophy of science. At times celebrated as the hallmark of philosophical approaches to science, at times condemned as ambiguous, distorting, and misleading, the distinction dominated philosophical debates from the early decades of the twentieth century to the 1980s. Until today, it informs our conception of the content, domain, and goals of philosophy of science. It is due to this fact that new trends in philosophy of experimentation and history and sociology of science have been marginalized by traditional scholarship in philosophy. To acknowledge properly this important recent work we need to re-open the debate about the nature, development, and significance of the context distinction, about its merits and flaws. The contributions to this volume provide close readings and detailed analyses of the original textual sources for the context distinction. They revise those accounts of 'forerunners' of the distinction that have been written through the lens of Logical Empiricism. They map, clarify, and analyse the derivations and mutations of the context distinctions as we encounter them in current history and philosophy of science. The re-evaluation of the distinction helps us deal with the philosophical challenges that the New Experimentalism and historically, socio-politically and economically oriented science studies have placed before us. This volume thus clears the ground for the productive and fruitful integration of these new developments into philosophy of science.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preliminaries; CONTENTS; Some Thoughts on the Discovery Justification Distinction; Inductive Justification and Discovery; Freedom in a Scientific Society: Reading the Context of Reichenbach's Contexts; Germano Cantabrigian History of the Fundamental Ideas; Autonomy versus Development: Duhem on Progress in Science; Psychologism and the Distinction Between Discovery and Justification; Context of Discovery versus Context of Justification and Thomas Kuhn; Weaknesses of the Strong Programme in the Sociology of Science; Heuristic Appraisal: Context of Discovery or Justification
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Concept Formation and the Limits of Justification Discovering the two ElectricitiesContexts of Justifying and Discovering the Nature of Ecosystems; On the Inextricability of the Context of Discovery and the Context of Justification
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references
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  • 20
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    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402051906
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 200
    Schlagwort(e): History ; Sociology ; Demography ; Religion (General) ; Westliche Welt ; Geburtenrückgang ; Religion
    Kurzfassung: "The impact of religion on family and reproduction is one of the most fascinating and complex topics open to scholarly research. The linkage between family and religion has received no systematic treatment on a comparative basis, either in the social sciences or in historical studies. This book provides new insights into the relationships between religion and demography during the crucial period of the nineteenth and early twentieth century. Apart from providing a wealth of descriptive information on family life and fertility in different national and religious settings, the major strength of the book lies in its conceptual insights. The book will attract and stimulate readers at the advanced undergraduate or at the graduate level in history, religious studies, women's studies, family studies, social demography, sociology, and anthropology due to its subject matter (moral issues related to fertility decline and family change played an important role in processes like secularisation, and religious secessions in the19th and 20th century), its analytical approach (all chapters make use of micro-level data on family and family size and use comparable statistical methods specifically suited for these kinds of data), and its theoretical orientation (the chapters explicitly focus on the variety of mechanisms via which religions had an effect on family life and fertility). The book is truly cross-cultural, showing the similarities as well as the differences in the positions of the various churches on matters important for reproduction in Western Europe, the US and Canada in the period 1850-1950. The consideration of the causes of variations in family size in the past provides a refreshing perspective on contemporary effects of religion on reproductive behaviour and the family. ""This volume successfully promotes an agenda for research on the complex and diverse historical relationships between fertility, identity, community and religion."" Simon Szreter, Fellow of St John's College, Cambridge ""These well-researched and lucidly argued papers will provide important reading for all those interested in the religious history of the nineteenth century."" Hugh McLeod is Professor of Church History at the University of Birmingham ""This is a very valuable new resource for scholars, both established and new, to understand the role of religious institutions in family and demographic behavior and the ways in which those behaviors change across long periods of time."" Arland Thornton, Director, Population Studies Center, University of Michigan ""This book shows also that modern demographic and social history is able to revive the past in ways unthinkable only a generation ago."" Massimo Livi-Bacci is Professor of Demography, University of Florence, and honorary president of the ""International Union for the Scientific Study of Population""."
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction / Frans van Poppel and Renzo DerosasTheoretical and analytical approaches to religious beliefs, values, and identities during the modern fertility transition / Katherine A. Lynch -- Religion, family, and fertility : what do we know historically and comparatively? / Calvin Goldscheider -- Religious differentials in marital fertility in The Hague (Netherlands), 1860-1909 / John Schellekens and Frans van Poppel -- Stemming the tide. Denomination and religiousness in the Dutch fertility transition, 1845-1945 / Jan Kok and Jan Van Bavel -- Family limitation among political Catholics in Baden in 1869 / Ernest Benz -- The evolution of religious differences in fertility : Lutherans and Catholics in Alsace, 1750-1860 / Kevin McQuillan -- State institutions as mediators between religion and fertility : a comparison of two Swiss regions, 1860-1930 / Anne-Françoise Praz -- Between identity and assimilation : Jewish fertility in nineteenth-century Venice / Renzo Derosas -- The religious claim on babies in nineteenth-century Montreal / Patricia Thornton and Sherry Olson -- Religious diversity and the onset of the fertility transition : Canada, 1870-1900 / Danielle Gauvreau -- Religion and the decline of fertility : Conclusions / David I Kertzer.
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 271-299) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9781402026720
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Science & Technology Education Library 25
    DDC: 507.1
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Science Study and teaching
    Kurzfassung: This book synthesizes the most current literature and research on scientific inquiry and nature of science in K-12 instruction. It is unique in its presentation of the distinctions and overlaps of inquiry and nature of science as instructional outcomes. The text would be appropriate for individuals preparing to become science teachers as well as experienced teachers. Researchers and teachers will find the text interesting as it carefully explores the subtleties and challenges of designing curriculum and instruction for integrating inquiry and nature of science
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: ""TABLE OF CONTENTS""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY AND SCIENCE TEACHING""; ""PART I: HISTORICAL AND CONTEMPORARY EDUCATIONAL CONTEXTS""; ""HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES ON INQUIRY TEACHING IN SCHOOLS""; ""THE SPECIAL ROLE OF SCIENCE TEACHING IN SCHOOLS SERVING DIVERSE CHILDREN IN URBAN POVERTY""; ""ADDRESSING DISABILITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF INQUIRY AND NATURE OF SCIENCE INSTRUCTION""; ""USING TECHNOLOGY TO SUPPORT INQUIRY IN MIDDLE SCHOOL SCIENCE""; ""PART II: TEACHING AND LEARNING SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY""
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: ""THE KNOWLEDGE BUILDING ENTERPRISES IN SCIENCE AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOL SCIENCE CLASSROOMS""""COMMUNITY, CULTURE, AND CONVERSATION IN INQUIRY- BASED SCIENCE INSTRUCTION""; ""DEVELOPING UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY IN SECONDARY STUDENTS""; ""INQUIRY IN SCIENCE TEACHER EDUCATION""; ""A BALANCED APPROACH TO SCIENCE INQUIRY TEACHING""; ""PART III: CURRICULUM AND ASSESSMENT""; ""ON THE CONTENT OF TASK-STRUCTURED SCIENCE CURRICULA""; ""ENVISIONING A CURRICULUM OF INQUIRY IN THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL""; ""CLASSROOM ASSESSMENT OF OPPORTUNITY TO LEARN SCIENCE THROUGH INQUIRY""
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: ""PART IV: TEACHING AND LEARNING ABOUT NATURE OF SCIENCE""""SYNTAX OF NATURE OF SCIENCE WITHIN INQUIRY AND SCIENCE INSTRUCTION""; ""RELATING HISTORY OF SCIENCE TO LEARNING AND TEACHING SCIENCE: USING AND ABUSING""; ""AUTHENTIC SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY AS CONTEXT FOR TEACHING NATURE OF SCIENCE""; ""INQUIRY LEARNING IN COLLEGE CLASSROOMS""; ""OVER AND OVER AGAIN: COLLEGE STUDENTS� VIEWS OF NATURE OF SCIENCE""; ""PERUSING PANDORA�S BOX""; ""INDEX""; ""ABOUT THE EDITORS""
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  • 22
    Buch
    Buch
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 1402039743 , 1402039751 , 9781402039744 , 9781402039751
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: VIII, 309 S. , Ill., graph. Darst.
    Serie: Archimedes 12
    Serie: Archimedes
    DDC: 507.114
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Geschichte 1500-1800 ; Geschichte ; Naturwissenschaft ; Science Congresses Study and teaching (Higher) ; History ; Science Congresses History ; Universities and colleges Congresses History ; Naturwissenschaften ; Universität ; Europa ; Europa ; Konferenzschrift 1999 ; Konferenzschrift 1999 ; Konferenzschrift 1999 ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Europa ; Universität ; Naturwissenschaften ; Geschichte 1500-1800
    URL: Cover
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  • 23
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402039751
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 12
    DDC: 507.1104
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): History ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Medicine ; Science Study and teaching ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Universität ; Naturwissenschaften ; Geschichte 1450-1800
    Kurzfassung: "The present volume offers the most comprehensive synthesis to date of the fecundity of early modern universities, their receptivity to novel scientific ideas, and their contribution to the critical dialogue that vitalized the emergent European scientific community. The ""soul"" of the early modern university was its well-rounded, humanistically informed curriculum and the culture of erudition it inculcated. The authors of this volume offer a fresh assessment of how this course of study affected generations of natural philosophers, from the Iberian Peninsula to Scandinavia, from Italy to Scotland, even as it was increasingly modified to accommodate the new science. The fresh evidence gathered here emphasizes just how rigorously science was pursued by academics, notwithstanding institutional constraints. Individually, each paper illustrates the nexus of complexities specific locales made on the reception and transmission of scientific ideas, collectively, the papers offer a comparative framework that should prove invaluable in our evaluating the profound changes undergone by early modern universities during the era of Scientific Revolution."
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , "Mathematics for astronomy" at universities in Copernicus' time , The University of Salamanca and the renaissance of astronomy during the second half of the 15th century , Medical science and medical teachings at the University of Salamanca in the 15th century , The faculty of medicine of Valencia , The cultivation of astronomy in Spanish universities in the latter half of the 16th century , The Sphere of Jacques du Chevreul: astronomy at the University of Paris in the 1620s , Lectures and practices: the variety of mathematical and mechanical teaching at the University of Uppsala in the 17th century , Mathematical research in Italian universities in the modern era , Universities, academies, and sciences in the modern age , Natural philosophy and mathematics in Portuguese universities, 1550-1650 , Venetian policy toward the University of Padua and scientific progress during the 18th century , Candide in Caledonia: the culture of science in the Scottish universities, 1690-1805 , The sciences at the University of Rome in the 18th century , Enlightenment and renovation in the Spanish university , Spanish chemistry textbooks during late 18th century , Botany in University studies in the late 18th century : the case of Valencia University , Scientific education and the crisis of the university in 18th century Barcelona , The theories of Copernicus and Newton in the Viceroyship of Nueva Granada and the Audiencia de Caracas during the 18th century , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 24
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402041013
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook [2004] 12
    DDC: 146.42
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Logic ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Ramsey, Frank Plumpton 1903-1930 ; Wiener Kreis
    Kurzfassung: The Institute Vienna Circle held a conference in Vienna in 2003, Cambridge and Vienna - Frank P. Ramsey and the Vienna Circle, to commemorate the philosophical and scientific work of Frank Plumpton Ramsey (1903-1930). This Ramsey conference provided not only historical and biographical perspectives on one of the most gifted thinkers of the Twentieth Century, but also new impulses for further research on at least some of the topics pioneered by Ramsey, whose interest and potential are greater than ever. Ramsey did pioneering work in several fields, practitioners of which rarely know of his important work in other fields: philosophy of logic and theory of language, foundations of mathematics, mathematics, probability theory, methodology of science, philosophy of psychology, and economics. There was a focus on the one topic which was of strongest mutual concern to Ramsey and the Vienna Circle, namely the question of foundations of mathematics, in particular the status of logicism. Although the major scientific connection linking Ramsey with Austria is his work on logic, to which the Vienna Circle dedicated several meetings, certainly the connection which is of greater general interest concerns Ramsey's visits and discussions with Wittgenstein. Ramsey was the only important thinker to actually visit Wittgenstein during his school-teaching career in Puchberg and Ottertal in the 1920s, in Lower Austria, and later, Ramsey was instrumental in getting Wittgenstein positions at Cambridge.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Frank Ramsey - A Biographical Sketch; Wittgenstein and Ramsey; The Vicious Circle Principle; Ramsey's Psychological Theory of Belief; Discovering "Weight, or the Value of Knowledge"; Ramsey's Ramsey-sentences; Ramsey and the Vienna Circle on Logicism; Logical Problems Suggested by Logicism; The Foundation of Human Evaluation in Democracies from Ramsey to Damasio; Ramsey'S "Note on Time"; Philosophy of Science after the Social Turn; Notes on the Origins of Fleck's Concept of "Denkstil"; Hans Reichenbach and Logical Empiricism in Turkey
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Steve Awodey & Carsten Klein (eds.), Carnap Brought Home: The View from Jena. Full Circle: Publications of the Archive of Scientific Philosophy. Volume 2. Chicago: Open Court, 2004Bergmann, Gustav, Collected Works Vol. I: Selected Papers I, edited by E. Tegtmeier , Frankfurt/Lancaster: Ontos-Verlag, 2003; Ferrari, Massimo : Ernst Cassirer - Stationen einer philosophischen Biographie. Von der Marburger Schule zur Kulturphilosophie, Meiner: Hamburg, 2003 (German translation of Cassirer. Dalla Scuola di M
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Richard C. Jeffrey , Subjective Probability: The Real Thing, Cambridge University Press, 2004 Richard C. Jeffrey , After Logical Empiricism/Depois do Empirismo Lógico, English edition with Portuguese; Patrick Suppes , Representation and Invariance of Scientific Structures, CSLI publications, Stanford, California (distributed by Chicago University Press)
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 25
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402040542
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 69
    DDC: 160
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Logic ; Metaphysics ; Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Mathematische Logik ; Philosophie ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Philosophie der Logik ; Axiomatische Mengenlehre ; Logik
    Kurzfassung: The papers in this collection are united by an approach to philosophy. They illustrate the manifold contributions that logic makes to philosophical progress, both by the application of formal methods to traditional philosophical problems and by opening up new avenues of inquiry as philosophers sort out the implications of new and often surprising technical results. Contributions include new technical results rich with philosophical significance for contemporary metaphysics, attempts to diagnose the philosophical significance of some recent technical results, philosophically motivated proposals for new approaches to negation, investigations in the history and philosophy of logic, and contributions to epistemology and philosophy of science that make essential use of logical techniques and results. Where the work is formal, the motives are obviously philosophical, not merely mathematical. Where the work is less formal, it is deeply informed by the relevant formal material. The volume includes contributions from some of the most interesting philosophers now working in philosophical logic, philosophy of logic, epistemology and metaphysics.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction; Externalism, Anti-Realism, and the KK-Thesis; Choice Principles in Intuitionistic Set Theory; Assertion, Proof, and the Axiom of Choice; Montague's Modal Completeness Theorem of 1955; On the Rational Reconstruction of Our Theoretical Knowledge; Do We have the Right Limitative Theorems?; Empirical Negation in Intuitionistic Logic; Negation's Holiday: Aspectival Dialetheism; Monism: The One True Logic
    Anmerkung: Essays , Includes bibliographical references (p. 210-218) and index , Memorial volume , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 26
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402042126
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 59
    DDC: 323/.09
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): History ; Political Science ; Law History ; Humanities ; Law Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Recht ; Geschichte 1200-1500 ; Recht ; Geschichte 1500-1800 ; Rechtsphilosophie ; Geschichte 1300-1800
    Kurzfassung: Rights language is a fundamental feature of the modern world. Virtually all significant social and political struggles are waged, and have been waged for over a century now, in terms of rights claims. In some ways, it is precisely the birth of modern rights language that ushers in modernity in terms of moral and political thought, and the struggle for a modern way of life seems for many synonymous with the fight for a universal recognition of equal, individual human rights. Where did modern rights language come from? What kinds of rights discourses is it rooted in? What is the specific nature of modern rights discourse, when and where were medieval and ancient notions of rights transformed into it? Can one in fact find any single such transformation of medieval into modern rights discourse? This book brings together some of the most central scholars in the history of medieval and early-modern rights discourse. Through the different angles taken by its authors, the volume brings to light the multifaceted nature of rights languages in the medieval and early modern world.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preliminaries; CONTENTS; 1. Are There Any Individual Rights or Only Duties?; 2. Rights and Duties in Late Scholastic Discussion on Extreme Necessity; 3. Right(s) in Ockham: A Reasonable Vision of Politics; 4. Politics, Right(s) and Human Freedom in Marsilius of Padua; 5. Summenhart's Theory of Rights; 6. Moral Self-Ownership and Ius Possessionis in Late Scholastics; 7. Dominion of Self and Natural Rights Before Locke and After; 8. Natural Law and Practical Reasoning in Late Medieval Scholasticism; 9. Liberty and Natural Rights in Pufendorf's Natural Law Theory
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 10. Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness11. The Lockean Rightholders; Index Of Names
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 307-310) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 27
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402042935
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF THE HISTORY OF IDEAS 194
    DDC: 236.9
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): History ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Mede, Joseph 1586-1638 ; Großbritannien ; Apokalyptik ; Chiliasmus ; Geschichte
    Kurzfassung: This book contributes to the ongoing revision of early modern British history by examining the apocalyptic tradition through the life and writings of Joseph Mede (1586-1638). The history of the British apocalyptic tradition has yet to undergo a thorough revision. Past studies followed a historiographical paradigm which associated millenarianism with a revolutionary agenda. A careful study of Joseph Mede, one of the key individuals responsible for the rebirth of millenarianism in England, suggests a different picture of seventeenth-century apocalypticism. The roots of Mede's apocalyptic thought are not found in extreme activism, but in the detailed study of the Apocalypse with the aid of ancient Christian and Jewish sources. Mede's legacy illustrates the geographical prevalence and long-term sustainability of his interpretations. This volume shows that the continual discussion of millenarian ideas reveals a vibrant tradition that cannot be reconstructed to fit within one simple historiographical narrative.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction; Biography; Crypto-Papists, Anti-Calvinists and the Antichrist; Joseph Mede and the Cambridge Platonists; Protestant Irenicism and the Millennium: Mede and the 65 Hartlib Circle; The Origins of the Clavis Apocalyptica: A Millenarian Conversion; Millenarians, The Church Fathers and Jewish Rabbis; An English Millenarian Legacy; Colonial North America: The Puritan Errand Revised; The Continental Millenarian Tradition; Conclusion: Revising British Millenarianism
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 251-276) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 28
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402046742
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: Classics in Science Education 1
    DDC: 370
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Teachers Training of ; Early childhood education ; Vorschulerziehung ; Grundschule ; Naturwissenschaftlicher Unterricht ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Kurzfassung: This well-written and thought-provoking book presents the state-of-the-art in science education for kindergarten and primary schools. It begins with a thorough theoretical discussion on why it is incumbent on the science educator to teach science at first stages of childhood. It goes on to analyze and synthesize a broad range of educational approaches and themes. The book also presents novel strategies to science teaching.
    Kurzfassung: When it comes to science, many children experience narrow and impoverished learning opportunities. This book begins with a theoretical discussion on why it is incumbent on the science educator to teach science already at first stages of childhood. It then goes on to analyze and synthesize a range of educational approaches and themes
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Should Science Be Taught in Early Childhood?; How Should Science Be Taught in Early Childhood?; When Learning Science By Doing Meets Design and Technology; From the Known to the Complex: The Inquiry Events Method as a Tool for K-2 Science Teaching; Bridging In-School and Out-Of-School Learning: Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal
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  • 29
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402041945
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Suppl.: Rezensiert in Gunnoe, Charles D. [Rezension von: Bruening, Michael W., Calvinism's First Battleground: Conflict and Reform in the Pays de Vaud, 1528-1559] 2007
    Serie: Studies in Early Modern Religious Reforms 4
    DDC: 284.2494
    Schlagwort(e): History ; Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Waadt ; Reformation ; Calvinismus ; Geschichte 1528-1559
    Kurzfassung: Talks about Calvinism's first battleground
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: INTRODUCTION; POLITICS AND DIPLOMACY IN VAUD; ZWINGLIANISM AND LUTHERANISM IN BERN; THE CLASH OF THE OLD AND NEW FAITHS; FROM SACRAMENTARIANS TO CALVINISTS; FROM POLITICAL CALVINISM TO THE REFORMATION OF THE REFUGEES; FROM THE PAYS DE VAUD TO FRANCE; CONCLUSION;
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  • 30
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402042072
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: Studies in history and philosophy of science v. 20
    DDC: 121
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Musgrave, Alan 1940- ; Philosophie ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; Musgrave, Alan 1940- ; Philosophie
    Kurzfassung: Alan Musgrave has consistently defended two positions that he regards as commonsensical: critical realism and critical rationalism. In this volume a group of internationally-renowned authors discuss themes that are relevant in one way or another to Musgrave's work. Rather than a standard celebratory festschrift, this book offers a new examination of topics of current interest in philosophy. The contributory essays are followed by responses from Alan Musgrave himself.
    Kurzfassung: Alan Musgrave has consistently defended two positions that he regards as commonsensical - critical realism and critical rationalism. In defence of critcal realism he argues for the objective existence of the external world as opposed to idealism, as well as arguing for scientific realism against all anti-realist accounts of science. His critical rationalism is drawn from the work of Karl Popper and stands opposed to inductivist and irrationalist methodologies. In defence of these positions, Musgrave's writings have covered a wide range of topics in epistemology, metaphysics, philosophy of science, philosophy of mathematics, history of science, theories of truth, and economic theory. In this volume a group of internationally-renowned authors discuss themes that are relevant in one way or another to Musgrave's work. This is not intended as a standard celebratory festschrift but rather as a new examination of topics of current interest in philosophy. The contributory essays are followed by responses from Alan Musgrave himself.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction; Where Does the Burden of Theory Lie?; Testimony, Induction and Reasonable Belief; Theory-Confirmation and History; Critical Rationalism and its Failure to Withstand Critical Scrutiny; Methodological Rules, Rationality, and Truth; Why is it Rational to Believe Scientific Theories are True?; Thinking About the Ultimate Argument for Realism; The Unseen World; Why Alan Musgrave Should Become an Essentialist; The Metaphysics of Realism and Structural Realism; Scientific Realism and Mathematical Nominalism: A Marriage Made in Hell
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: A Methodological Critique of the Semantic Conception of TheoriesA Refutation of Peircean Idealism; Historiography as a Hypothetico-Deductive Science: A Criticism of Methodological Historism; Ptolemy's Musical Models for Mind-Maps and Star-Maps; Responses
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 31
    ISBN: 9781402026720
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Dordrecht Springer Springer-11648 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Serie: Science & Technology Education Library 25
    DDC: 507/.1
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Science Study and teaching
    Kurzfassung: N. G. Lederman
    Kurzfassung: Synthesizes literature and research on scientific inquiry and the nature of science in K-12 instruction. This book also explores the subtleties and challenges of designing curriculum and instruction for integrating inquiry and nature of science
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS; INTRODUCTION; 1. SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY AND SCIENCE TEACHING; Part I: Historical and Contemporary Educational Contexts; 2. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES ON INQUIRY TEACHING IN SCHOOLS ; 3. THE SPECIAL ROLE OF SCIENCE TEACHING IN SCHOOLS SERVING DIVERSE CHILDREN IN URBAN POVERTY ; 4. ADDRESSING DISABILITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF INQUIRY AND NATURE OF SCIENCE INSTRUCTION ; 5. USING TECHNOLOGY TO SUPPORT INQUIRY IN MIDDLE SCHOOL SCIENCE ; Part II: Teaching and Learning Scientific Inquiry; 6. THE KNOWLEDGE BUILDING ENTERPRISES IN SCIENCE AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOL SCIENCE CLASSROOMS
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 7. COMMUNITY, CULTURE, AND CONVERSATION IN INQUIRY-BASED SCIENCE INSTRUCTION 8. DEVELOPING UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY IN SECONDARY STUDENTS ; 9. INQUIRY IN SCIENCE TEACHER EDUCATION ; 10. A BALANCED APPROACH TO SCIENCE INQUIRY TEACHING ; Part III: Curriculum and Assessment ; 11. ON THE CONTENT OF TASK-STRUCTURED SCIENCE CURRICULA ; 12. ENVISIONING A CURRICULUM OF INQUIRY IN THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ; 13. CLASSROOM ASSESSMENT OF OPPORTUNITY TO LEARN SCIENCE THROUGH INQUIRY ; Part IV: Teaching and Learning About Nature of Science
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 14. SYNTAX OF NATURE OF SCIENCE WITHIN INQUIRY AND SCIENCE INSTRUCTION 15. RELATING HISTORY OF SCIENCE TO LEARNING AND TEACHING SCIENCE: USING AND ABUSING ; 16. AUTHENTIC SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY AS CONTEXT FOR TEACHING NATURE OF SCIENCE ; 17. INQUIRY LEARNING IN COLLEGE CLASSROOMS ; 18. OVER AND OVER AGAIN: COLLEGE STUDENTS' VIEWS OF NATURE OF SCIENCE ; 19. PERUSING PANDORA'S BOX ; INDEX ; ABOUT THE EDITORS
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 32
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402021404
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: Science & Technology Education Library 24
    DDC: 507
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Artificial intelligence ; Mathematics ; Science Study and teaching ; Physics ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; Unterricht
    Kurzfassung: This book is the culmination of over twenty years of work toward a pedagogical theory that promotes experiential learning of model-laden theory and inquiry in science. The book focuses as much on course content as on instruction and learning methodology, presenting practical aspects that have repeatedly demonstrated their value in fostering meaningful and equitable learning of physics and other science courses at the secondary school and college levels.
    Kurzfassung: Presents practical aspects to foster learning of physics and other science courses at the secondary school and college levels. This book shows how a scientific theory that is the object of a given science course can be organized around a limited set of basic models. It also introduces special tools, including modeling schemata
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Fundamental Tenets of Modeling Theory; Modeling Schemata; Paradigmatic Evolution; Modeling Program; Learning Cycles;
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  • 33
    ISBN: 9781402040894
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 13
    DDC: 509.2
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Science Philosophy ; Physics History ; Science (General) ; Humanities ; Biografie ; Morley, Edward William 1838-1923 ; USA ; Naturwissenschaften ; Geschichte 1860-1910 ; USA ; Naturwissenschaften ; Chemie ; Geschichte 1800-1900 ; Morley, Edward William 1838-1923
    Kurzfassung: "An American Scientist on the Research Frontier is the first scholarly study of the nineteenth-century American scientist Edward Williams Morley. In part, it is the long-overdue story of a man who lent his name to the Michelson and Morley Ether-Drift Experiment, and who conclusively established the atomic weight of oxygen. It is also the untold story of science in provincial America: what Hamerla presents as science on the ""American research frontier"". This important examination of Morley's struggle for personal and professional legitimacy extends and transforms our understanding of science during a foundational period, and leads to a number of unique conclusions that are vital to the literature and historiography of science. By revealing important aspects of the scientific culture of the American heartland, An American Scientist on the Research Frontier deepens our understanding of an individual scientist and of American science more broadly. In so doing, Hamerla changes the way we approach and understand the creation of scientific knowledge, scientific communities, and the history of science itself."
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction; The Morleys; Edward Morley: Education, Civil War, and the Western Reserve; Making a Place; Kindred Spirits: The Ether Drift; Intellectual Heritage, Prout's Hypothesis; Oxygen
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 239-254) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9781402037375
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 91
    DDC: 142.7
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Logic ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of Mind ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift 2004 ; Wissenschaft ; Erkenntnis ; Interrogativlogik ; Phänomenologie ; Sozialphilosophie ; Logos ; Kommunikation ; Psychologie
    Kurzfassung: Prompted and ever diversified by the specifically human interrogative logos, scientific inquiries seek a common system of links in order to mutually confirm and rectify their results. Coming closer and closer to phenomenology, the sciences of life find the common ground of the reality in the ontopoiesis of life. Could it not be that the interrogative logos of science, participating in human creative inventiveness will bring together also the divergent scientific methods in a common network? A network which comprises natural processes, societal sharing-in-life, and existential communication.
    Kurzfassung: Prompted and ever diversified by the specifically human interrogative logos, scientific inquiries seek a common system of links in order to mutually confirm and rectify their results. Coming closer and closer to phenomenology, the sciences of life find the common ground of the reality in the ontopoiesis of life. Could it not be that the interrogative logos of science, participating in human creative inventiveness will bring together also the divergent scientific methods in a common network? A network which comprises natural processes, societal sharing-in-life, and existential communication. Papers by: Gary Backhaus, Anjana Bhattacharjee, Simon Du Plock, Ignacy Fiut, Maria Golaszewska, Wendy C. Hamblet, Alexandr Kouzmin, Nikolay Kozhevnikov, Olga Louchakova, Jarlath Mc Kenna, Amy Louise Miller, Aria Omrani, Arthur Piper, Leszek Pyra, W. Kim Rogers, A.L. Samian, Camilo Serrano Bonitto, Natalia Smirnova, Eva Syristova, Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka, Roberto Verolini, Eldon C. Wait, Leo Zonneveld.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Scientific Knowledge and Human Knowledge; Science in Mind: Exploring the Language of the Logos; "Objective Science" in Husserlian Life-World Phenomenology; Phenomenological Aspects of the Natural Coordinate System; Alienation and Wholeness; M. Heidegger's Project for the Optical Interpretation of Reflexion: The Time, the Reflexion and the Logos; "Phenomena" in Newton's Mathematical Experience; What Computers Could Never Do; Sensible Models in Cognitive Neuroscience; Philosophical Aspects of the New Evolutionistic Paradigms; Phenomenology and Ecophilosophy; Men in Front of Animals
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Toward a Cultural PhenomenologyContexts: The Landscapes of Human Life; Schutz's Conception of Relevances and Its Influence on Social Philosophy; Demonstrating Mobility; The Phenomenology of Self as Non-Local: Theoretical Considerations and Research Report; An Existential-Phenomenological Critique of Philosophical Counselling; Logos in Psychotherapy: The Phenomena of Encounter and Hope in the Psychotherapeutic Relationship; The Meaningfulness of Mental Health as Being Within a World of Apparently Meaningless Being
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Ontopoiesis and Union in the Prayer of the Heart: Contributions to Psychotherapy and LearningDas Lachen als die Kehrseite der Existenziellen Not;
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  • 35
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402044465
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Serie: Higher education dynamics 11
    DDC: 338.475072
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Politikberatung ; Experten ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Großbritannien ; Science, general ; Social Policy ; Political Science ; Science Philosophy ; Medicine
    Kurzfassung: *Penetration of normally inaccessible processes of government *Close-grained empirical study of government-science interaction*New conceptualisation of key processes and relationships*Testing theories of science and government through detailed fieldwork*Illumination of issues of concern to current research policymakers in many systems
    Kurzfassung: "There has been a flare-up in interest in science policy and a key factor in this is the increased interest in analysing the role that research can play in informing policy making. A pioneering venture in this field was Government and Research: The Rothschild Experiment in a Government Department (1983) Heinemann. No other work had penetrated the deepest recesses of government to observe at first hand the attempts of a major department to determine its research agenda through collaboration with leading scientists in a wide range of fields, to observe how research was commissioned, and then evaluated by scientific teams, and how it began to enter the policy blood streams of the departments. This revised and augmented version updates the original text for current policy concerns and takes account of changes in science policy studies, whilst preserving its essential themes. It contains a succinct account of where matters now stand as well as an extended analysis of the themes that continue to dominate research and science policy. ""Finally, the rest of the world has caught up with Kogan and Henkel. Twenty-five years ago their ground-breaking study of the UK's Department of Health led them to conclude that sustained interaction between scientists and bureaucrats was the key to unleashing the value of science for the policy process. I found the first edition of this book the single most compelling and comprehensive treatment of this complex interaction. They may have felt like voices in the wilderness then, today, however, they can take their rightful place as pre-cursors and leaders of what has become a mass-movement for 'evidence-based policy'. This re-issued and significantly updated edition, includes many recent initiatives that they and colleague Steve Hanney might rightfully claim as their offspring. The timeliness of the current edition only serves to highlight just how far ahead of their time they really were."" Dr Jonathan Lomas, Chief Executive Officer of the Canadian Health Services Research Foundation. Bryony Soper: ""This thoughtful and thoroughly researched book was an important theoretical and practical guide for those establishing the NHS RD Programme in the early 1990s. Some of the details of the multi-faceted relationships between science and government have necessarily changed over the years, but the complexities described in this book are still all too evident, and it remains as relevant today as it was originally."" Bryony Soper, former Assistant Secretary in the RD Division of the Department of Health."
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Relationships between Government and Science; Theories of Science and Science Policies; Theories and Practice of Government; The DHSS and the Research Management System; Science and Macro Scientific Policy: the Case of the CSRC and the Intermediate Boards; The Chief Scientist's Organisation and the Research Councils: the Case of the Panel on Medical Research and Relationships with the SSRC; Research Liaison Groups and the Small Grants Committee: Two Contrasting Systems; The Chief Scientist's Organisation and External Research Bases: the Case of the DHSS Research Units
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Review of Units and Scientific Merit: Chief Scientist's VisitsReview of Units and Policy Relevance: the Customer Review; The Functions, Process and Impact of Research Commissioning; Emerging Roles; Policy after Rothschild and Generalisations;
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  • 36
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402032615
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 242
    DDC: 540.1
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Chemistry ; Science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Chemie ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie
    Kurzfassung: This comprehensive volume marks a new standard in scholarship in the emerging field of the philosophy of chemistry. Philosophers, chemists, and historians of science ask some fundamental questions about the relationship between philosophy and chemistry.
    Kurzfassung: Including selections drawn from a wide range of scholarly disciplines, philosophers, chemists, and historians of science, this work asks some of the fundamental questions about the relationship between philosophy and chemistry
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction; The Philosophy of Chemistry; Aristole's Theory of Chemical Reaction and Chemical Substances; Kant's Legacy for the Philosophy of Chemistry; The Conceptual Structure of the Sciences; Normative and Descriptive Philosophy of Science and the Role of Chemistry; How Classical Models of Explanation Fail to Cope with Chemistry; Professional Ethics in Science; Is There Downward Causation in Chemistry?; Physics in the Crucible of Chemistry; Some Philosophical Implications of Chemical Symmetry; The Periodics Systems of Molecules; A New Paradigm for Schrödinger and Kohn; Virtual Tools
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Space in Molecular Representation or How Pictures Represent Objects; Visualizing Instrumental Techniques of Surface Chemistry; Are Chemical Kinds Natural Kinds?; Water is Not H2O; From Metaphysics to Metachemistry
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  • 37
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402034084
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: Science & Technology Education Library 31
    DDC: 507
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic drug effects ; Neoplasms genetics ; Wissenschaft ; Leistungsbeurteilung
    Kurzfassung: The conclusions and recommendations made in this book are derived from a study of ten teachers in Hong Kong as they tried to change their practice following a reform of the Hong Kong assessment system. Hong Kong is simply a context that provided the opportunity to gather very rich and informative data on issues pertaining to assessment reforms which also have very wide implications in many countries' contexts. The text is written in a lucid and easy-to-read style.
    Kurzfassung: The conclusions and recommendations madein the book are derived from a study of ten teachers in Hong Kong as they tried to change their practice following a reform of the Hong Kong assessment system. Hong Kong is simply a context that provided the opportunity to gather very rich and informative data on issues pertaining to assessment reforms which also have very wide implications in many countries contexts.The book is written for practising teachers, teachers-in-training, teacher educators, policy makers and researchers who are interested in teachers classroom practices, teacher beliefs, teacher professionalism, implementation of educational reforms in general and high stakes assessment reforms in particular.The book is organized in a manner that rapidly presents the case histories of the teachers to the readers. These can be helpful to all teachers, whether in training or experienced, in a number of ways: (1) as a set of ideas to be debated upon and to act as a springboard for reflection on the purposes of assessment in education and on the role of teachers in these purposes, (2) as examples of practice that can be compared to the readers' own existing practices, and (3) as a source of models of practice to apply and test in readers' own classrooms. The case histories are followed by a discussion of a number of issues that arise from this group of teachers beliefs and practices. To cater for research-oriented readers, the relevant literature, theoretical underpinnings, and the intriguing research methodology that led to the case histories will appear as appendices.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction; The Assessment Reform; Teachers' Enactment of the Reform; Alan; Bob; Carl; Dawn; Eddy; Hugo; Ivor; John; Looking Across the Cases; Three Views of Fairness; Teacher Professionalism and Policy Interpretation; Ways of Seeing and Ways of Enacting
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 38
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402037702
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Serie: Science & Technology Education Library 28
    DDC: 507.1
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Bildung ; Methode ; Rationalität ; Wissenschaft ; Wissenschaftstheorie
    Kurzfassung: Presenting an account of education that places critical inquiry at the core of education in general and science education in particular, this title explains the nature of science, paying attention to scientific methodology and scientific modeling and at the same time showing their relevance in the science classroom
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Belief, Learning and Education; Knowledge, Education and Critical Inquiry; Plato on Knowledge, and a Socratic Model of Inquiry; Some Problems for Theories of Knowledge and Their Resolution; Varieties of Constructivism and the Inaccessibility of Reality Argument; The Aims of Science and Critical Inquiry; Naive Inductivism as a Methodology in Science; Hypothetico-Deductivism as a Methodology in Science; Bayesian Methodology in Science; Scientific Realism and Modelling Reality; Sociology Versus Rationality in Science; Lyotard,Postmodernism and Education; Multiculturalism and Science Education
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Politics of Science and Science Education
    Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 39
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402038303
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: Science & Technology Education Library 30
    DDC: 507
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Hochschuldidaktik ; Metapher ; Analogie
    Kurzfassung: This book brings together powerful ideas and new developments from internationally recognised scholars and classroom practitioners to provide theoretical and practical knowledge to inform progress in science education. This is achieved through a series of related chapters reporting research on analogy and metaphor in science education. Throughout the book, contributors not only highlight successful applications of analogies and metaphors, but also foreshadow exciting developments for research and practice. Themes include metaphor and analogy: best practice, as reasoning, for learning, applications in teacher development, in science education research, philosophical and theoretical foundations. Accordingly, the book is likely to appeal to a wide audience of science educators - classroom practitioners, student teachers, teacher educators and researchers.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Metaphor and Analogy; Teaching and Learning with Analogies; Complementary Epistemologies of Science Teaching; Post-Festum and Heuristic Analogies; The Affective Dimension of Analogy; The Role of Models, Mental Models and Analogies in Chemistry Teaching; Metaphors for Genes; Role Play as Analogical Modelling in Science; Metaphor, Students' Conceptions of Learning and Teaching, and Metacognition; The Role of Analog Models in the Understanging of the Nature of Models in Chemistry; The Role of Metaphor in a New Science Teacher's Learning from Experience; Metaphors and Analogies in Transition
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Why Do Science Teachers Teach the Way They Do and How Can They Improve Practice?Can Analogy Help in Science Education Research?; Metaphors We Write by; Metaphorically Thinking
    Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 40
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402039072
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: Synthese Library 330
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Logic ; Pragmatism ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Genetic epistemology ; Artificial intelligence ; Erklärung ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; Abduktiver Schluss ; Abduktion
    Kurzfassung: Abductive Reasoning: Logical Investigations into Discovery and Explanation is a much awaited original contribution to the study of abductive reasoning, providing logical foundations and a rich sample of pertinent applications. Divided into three parts on the conceptual framework, the logical foundations, and the applications, this monograph takes the reader for a comprehensive and erudite tour through the taxonomy of abductive reasoning, via the logical workings of abductive inference ending with applications pertinent to scientific explanation, empirical progress, pragmatism and belief revision.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preliminaries; Contents; Foreword; 1 LOGICS OF GENERATION AND EVALUATION; 2 WHAT IS ABDUCTION; 3 ABDUCTION AS LOGICAL INFERENCE; 4 ABDUCTION AS COMPUTATION; 5 SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION; 6 EMPIRICAL PROGRESS; 7 PRAGMATISM; 8 EPISTEMIC CHANGE; References; Author Index
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 41
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402048760
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science 72
    DDC: 530.1
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Quantum theory ; Quantum computing ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Quantentheorie ; Mathematische Physik
    Kurzfassung: The essays in this volume were written by leading researchers on classical mechanics, statistical mechanics, quantum theory, and relativity. They detail central topics in the foundations of physics, including the role of symmetry principles in classical and quantum physics, Einstein's hole argument in general relativity, quantum mechanics and special relativity, quantum correlations, quantum logic, and quantum probability and information.
    Kurzfassung: Includes essays that cover a number of central topics in the foundations of physics, including the role of symmetry principles in classical and quantum physics, Einstein's hole argument in general relativity, quantum mechanics and special relativity, quantum correlations, quantum logic, and quantum probability and information
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: A New Modal Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics in Terms of Relational Properties; Why Special Relativity Should Not Be a Template for a Fundamental Reformulation of Quantum Mechanics; On Symmetry and Conserved Quantities in Classical Mechanics; On the Notion of a Physical Theory of an Incompletely Knowable Domain; Markov Properties and Quantum Experiments; Quantum Entropy; Symmetry and the Scope of Scientific Realism; Is it True; or is it False; or Somewhere in Between? The Logic of Quantum Theory; Einstein's Hole Argument and Weyl's Field-body Relationalism
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Quantum Mechanics as a Theory of ProbabilityJohn Von Neumann on Quantum Correlations; Kriske, Tupman and Quantum Logic: The Quantum Logician's Conundrum
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 42
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402040405
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 70
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Intuition ; Naturwissenschaften ; Intuition ; Logik ; Intuitionistische Mathematik
    Kurzfassung: Following developments in modern geometry, logic and physics, many scientists and philosophers in the modern era considered Kant's theory of intuition to be obsolete. But this only represents one side of the story concerning Kant, intuition and twentieth century science. Several prominent mathematicians and physicists were convinced that the formal tools of modern logic, set theory and the axiomatic method are not sufficient for providing mathematics and physics with satisfactory foundations. All of Hilbert, Gödel, Poincaré, Weyl and Bohr thought that intuition was an indispensable element in describing the foundations of science. They had very different reasons for thinking this, and they had very different accounts of what they called intuition. But they had in common that their views of mathematics and physics were significantly influenced by their readings of Kant. In the present volume, various views of intuition and the axiomatic method are explored, beginning with Kant's own approach. By way of these investigations, we hope to understand better the rationale behind Kant's theory of intuition, as well as to grasp many facets of the relations between theories of intuition and the axiomatic method, dealing with both their strengths and limitations, in short, the volume covers logical and non-logical, historical and systematic issues in both mathematics and physics.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Locke and Kant on Mathematical Knowledge; The View from 1763: Kant on the Arithmetical Method Before Intuition; The Relation of Logic and Intuition in Kant'S Philosophy of Science, Particularly Geometry; Edmund Husserl on the Applicability of Formal Geometry; The Neo-Fregean Program in the Philosophy of Arithmetic; Gödel, Realism and Mathematical 'Intuition'; Intuition, Objectivity and Structure; Intuition and Cosmology: The Puzzle of Incongruent Counterparts; Conventionalism and Modern Physics: A Re-Assessment; Intuition and the Axiomatic Method in Hilbert's Foundation of Physics
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Soft Axiomatisation: John von Neumann on Method and von Neumann's Method in the Physical SciencesThe Intuitiveness and Truth of Modern Physics; Functions of Intution in Quantum Physics; Intuitive Cognition and the Formation of the Theories
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 43
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402047138
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: Boston studies in the philosophy of science v. 247
    DDC: 501
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Phenomenology ; Science, general ; Science History ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Naturwissenschaften ; Phänomenologie ; Hermeneutik ; Philosophie
    Kurzfassung: This book sets out an extensive argument against the foundationalist theories of justification, and advocates new life for philosophy of science. The author brings together aspects of an ontology of the interpretative constitution of research objects and a holistic picture of science's cognitive structures. The book is a contribution to a wide range of discussion concerning the post-Gadamerian extension of philosophical hermeneutics beyond the scope of the traditional humanistic culture.
    Kurzfassung: Whether philosophy of science is crucially tied down to epistemological justification is a significant topic of contemporary debates. This book sets out an argument against the foundationalist theories of justification. In developing a project of a hermeneutic context of constitution, it advocates new life for philosophy of science
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS; PREFACE; INTRODUCTION; Chapter One; IDEAS FOR THE SITUATED TRANSCENDENCE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH; Chapter Two; REFORMULATING THE CONCEPT OF ""NORMAL SCIENCE"" IN THE FRAMEWORK OF HERMENEUTIC PHENOMENOLOGY; Chapter Three; HERMENEUTIC PHENOMENOLOGY OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH; Chapter Four; THE NORMATIVITY OF NORMAL SCIENCE: HERMENEUTIC CONTECTUALISM AND PROTO-NORMATIVITY; NOTES; REFERENCES; NAME INDEX
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 239-256) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9781402048203
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: Archimedes (Dordrecht, Netherlands) v. 15
    DDC: 580.22209033
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Botanik ; Illustration ; Geschichte 1700-1800 ; Pflanzen ; Illustration ; Geschichte 1700-1800 ; Botanik ; Illustration ; Geschichte 1700-1800
    Kurzfassung: This book is the first in-depth study of eighteenth-century botanical illustrations. Its findings offer a completely new insight into the working practices of the botanists and scientific draughtsmen of this period. The author describes the different production stages of these illustrations. For the first time, the author presents a convincing description of how botanical illustrations developed, ascertaining the criteria that drove this process.
    Kurzfassung: Presents a study of 18th-century botanical illustrations, offering insight into the working practices of botanists and scientific draughtsmen of this period. This book describes the different production stages of these illustrations, traces their uses, and explores their visual language, with particular emphasis on the difficult issue of colour
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction; The Making of Botanical Illustrations; The Content of Botanical Illustrations; The Role of Botanical Illustrations; Visual Language; Links with Tradition; The Construction of Botanical Illustrations; Methods and Materials
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Revised thesis (doctoral) - Universität, Bern, 2002 , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9781402033957
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: Theory and Decision Library A 39
    DDC: 121.3
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Evolution (Biology) ; Anthropology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Rationalität ; Sprachphilosophie ; Kulturtheorie ; Evolutionäre Erkenntnistheorie ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie
    Kurzfassung: For the first time in history, scholars working on language and culture from within an evolutionary epistemological framework, and thereby emphasizing complementary or deviating theories of the Modern Synthesis, were brought together. Of course there have been excellent conferences on Evolutionary Epistemology in the past, as well as numerous conferences on the topics of Language and Culture. However, until now these disciplines had not been brought together into one all-encompassing conference. Moreover, previously there never had been such stress on alternative and complementary theories of the Modern Synthesis. Today we know that natural selection and evolution are far from synonymous and that they do not explain isomorphic phenomena in the world. 'Taking Darwin seriously' is the way to go, but today the time has come to take alternative and complementary theories that developed after the Modern Synthesis, equally seriously, and, furthermore, to examine how language and culture can merit from these diverse disciplines. As this volume will make clear, a specific inter- and transdisciplinary approach is one of the next crucial steps that needs to be taken, if we ever want to unravel the secrets of phenomena such as language and culture.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction to evolutionary epistemology, language and culture; Evolutionary epistemology: The non-adaptationist approach; Like cats and dogs: Radical constructivism and evolutionary epistemology; The biological boundary conditions for our classical physical world view; Is the real world something more than the world of our experience? Relations between Neo-Darwinism, transcendental philosophy and cognitive sciences; Universal Darwinism and process essentialism; Darwinism, traditional linguistics and the new Palaeolithic Continuity Theory of language evolution
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The extended mind model of the origin of language and cultureFrom changes in the world to changes in the words; Evolutionary epistemology and the origin and evolution of language: Taking symbiogenesis seriously; The self-organization of dynamic systems: Modularity under scrutiny; Against human nature; Cognition, evolution, and sociality; Cultural evolution, the Baldwin effect, and social norms; Cultural creativity and evolutionary flexibility; Some ideas to study the evolution of mathematics; Computer modelling as a tool for understanding language evolution
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Simulating the syntax and semantics of linguistic constructions about timeEvolutionary game-theoretic semantics and its foundational status; Towards a quantum evolutionary scheme: Violating Bell's inequalities in language
    Anmerkung: Conference held at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, 2004 , Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 46
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402042997
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: SYNTHESE LIBRARY 334
    DDC: 146.42
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Logic ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Biografie ; Bibliografie ; Notwendigkeit ; Synthetisches Urteil ; Analytizität ; Logik ; Formale Semantik ; Pap, Arthur 1921-1959 ; Pap, Arthur 1921-1959 ; Neopositivismus
    Kurzfassung: This volume collects some of the most significant papers of Arthur Pap. Pap's work played an important role in the development of the analytic tradition. This goes beyond the merely historical fact of Pap's influential views of dispositional and modal concepts. Pap's writings in philosophy of science, modality, and philosophy of mathematics provide insightful alternative perspectives on philosophical problems of current interest.
    Kurzfassung: Arthur Pap s work played an important role in the development of the analytic tradition. This role goes beyond the merely historical fact that Pap s views of dispositional and modal concepts were influential. As a sympathetic critic of logical empiricism, Pap, like Quine, saw a deep tension in logical empiricism at its very best in the work of Carnap. But Pap s critique of Carnap is quite different from Quine s, and represents the discovery of limits beyond which empiricism cannot go, where there lies nothing other than intuitive knowledge of logic itself. Pap s arguments for this intuitive knowledge anticipate Etchemendy s recent critique of the model-theoretic account of logical consequence. Pap s work also anticipates prominent developments in the contemporary neo-Fregean philosophy of mathematics championed by Wright and Hale. Finally, Pap s major philosophical preoccupation, the concepts of necessity and possibility, provides distinctive solutions and perspectives on issues of contemporary concern in the metaphysics of modality. In particular, Pap s account of modality allows us to see the significance of Kripke s well-known arguments on necessity and apriority in a new light.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preliminaries; Contents; Acknowledgments; Introduction; On the Meaning of Necessity (1943); The Different Kinds of A Priori (1944); Logic and the Synthetic A Priori (1949); Are all Necessary Propositions Analytic? (1949); Necessary Propositions and Linguistic Rules (1955); Note on the "Semantic" and the "Absolute" Concepts of Truth (1952); Propositions, Sentences, and the Semantic Definition of Truth (1954); Belief and Propositions (1957); Semantic Examination of Realism (1947); Logic and the Concept of Entailment (1950); Strict Implication, Entailment, and Modal Iteration (1955)
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Mathematics, Abstract Entities, and Modern Semantics (1957)Extensionality, Attributes, and Classes (1958); A Note on Logic and Existence (1947); The Linguistic Hierarchy and the Vicious-Circle Principle (1954); Other Minds and the Principle of Verifiability (1951); Semantic Analysis and Psycho-Physical Dualism (1952); The Concept of Absolute Emergence (1951); Reduction Sentences and Open Concepts (1953); Extensional Logic and Laws of Nature (1955); Disposition Concepts and Extensional Logic (1958); Are Physical Magnitudes Operationally Definable? (1959)
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Arthur Pap (1921-1959) : Intellectual Biography of Arthur PapArthur Pap: Biographical Notes; A Bibliography of Arthur Pap; References; Index
    Anmerkung: Bibliography of Arthur Pap p. 375-379 , Collection of texts published previously , Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 47
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402046704
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: BOSTON STUDIES IN PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE 246
    DDC: 537.2446
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Science Science_xHistory ; Particles (Nuclear physics) ; Crystallography ; Physics History ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Piezoelektrizität ; Geschichte
    Kurzfassung: The Beginnings of Piezoelectricity, the first history of the subject, exhaustively examines how diverse influences led to the discovery of the phenomenon in 1880, and how they shaped subsequent research until the consolidation of an empirical and theoretical knowledge of the field circa 1895. Shaul Katzir's historical account shows that this 'mundane' science was an intriguing intellectual and practical enterprise, which involved originality, surprises and controversies.
    Kurzfassung: Studies a particular subdiscipline representative of many similar "mundane" branches of physics that did not bear revolutionary consequences beyond their field. This work shows that this mundane science was an intriguing intellectual and practical enterprise, which involved, among other things, originality, surprises and controversies
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Front Matter; INTRODUCTION; THE DISCOVERY OF THE PIEZOELECTRIC EFFECT; THE ROAD TO THE DESCRIPTIVE THEORY; THEORIES AND MODELS ABOUT THE CAUSES OF THE PIEZOELECTRIC PHENOMENA; THEORETICAL ELABORATION OF VOIGT'S THEORY; EMPIRICAL WORK IN THE 1890s; Back Matter
    Anmerkung: Dissertation , Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 48
    ISBN: 9781402037542
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 24
    DDC: 303.483
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Political Science ; Sociology ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Political science ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift 2003 ; Wissenschaftssoziologie ; Entscheidungsfindung ; Demokratisierung ; Politik ; Wissenschaftliche Beratung ; Politische Entscheidung
    Kurzfassung: "'Scientific advice to politics', the 'nature of expertise', and the 'relation between experts, policy makers, and the public' are variations of a topic that currently attracts the attention of social scientists, philosophers of science as well as practitioners in the public sphere and the media. This renewed interest in a persistent theme is initiated by the call for a democratization of expertise that has become the order of the day in the legitimation of research funding. The new significance of 'participation' and 'accountability' has motivated scholars to take a new look at the science - politics interface and to probe questions such as ""What is new in the arrangement of scientific expertise and political decision-making?"", ""How can reliable knowledge be made useful for politics and society at large, and how can epistemically and ethically sound decisions be achieved without losing democratic legitimacy?"", ""How can the objective of democratization of expertise be achieved without compromising the quality and reliability of knowledge?"" Scientific knowledge and the 'experts' that represent it no longer command the unquestioned authority and public trust that was once bestowed upon them, and yet, policy makers are more dependent on them than ever before. This collection of essays explores the relations between science and politics with the instruments of the social studies of science, thereby providing new insights into their re-alignment under a new régime of governance."
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: What's New in Scientific Advice to Politics?; Bioethical Controversies and Policy Advice: The Production of Ethical Expertise and its Role in the Substantiation of Political Decision-Making; Advisory Systems in Pluralistic Knowledge Societies: A Criteria-Based Typology to Assess and Optimize Environmental Policy Advice; Institutional Design for Socially Robust Knowledge: The National Toxicology Program's Report on Carcinogens; Representation, Expertise, and the German Parliament: A Comparison of Three Advisory Institutions
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Expertise and Political Responsibility: The Columbia Shuttle CatastropheKnowledge and Decision-Making; Science/Policy Boundaries: A Changing Division of Labour in Dutch Expert Policy Advice; Inserting the Public Into Science; Between Policy and Politics; Participation as Knowledge Production and the Limits of Democracy; Judgment Under Siege: The Three-Body Problem of Expert Legitimacy
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 49
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402029042
    Sprache: Englisch
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    DDC: 570.1
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Biology Mathematical models ; Biology Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Models, Biological ; Philosophy ; Theoretische Biologie ; Forschungsgegenstand
    Kurzfassung: This book originated as a Festschrift to mark the publication of Volume 50 of the journal `Acta Biotheoretica' in 2002 and the journal's 70th anniversary in 2005. In it, eleven previously unpublished research papers have been collected that reflect the entire scope of topics on which `Acta Biotheoretica' publishes. `Acta Biotheoretica' is a journal on theoretical biology, published by Kluwer Academic Publishers, that has its roots in the Dutch tradition of theoretical biology. From the perspective of this tradition, theoretical biology is understood as encompassing a broad spectrum of disciplines ranging from mathematical biology to philosophy of biology. To reflect the Dutch roots of the journal, all papers have been invited from authors that work in The Netherlands. This book is aimed at an audience of theoretical and mathematical biologists, philosophers of biology and philosophers of science, and biologists in general.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preliminaries; Table of Contents; Chapter 1 The History of Acta Biotheoretica and the Nature of Theoretical Biology; Chapter 2 Images of the Genome; Chapter 3 The Functional Perspective of Organismal Biology; Chapter 4 Infectious Biology; Chapter 5 The Composite Species Concept; Chapter 6 The Wonderful Crucible of Life's Creation; Chapter 7 The Symbiontic Nature of Metabolic Evolution; Chapter 8 The Founder and Allee Effects in the Patch Occupancy Metapopulation Model; Chapter 9 Balancing Statistics and Ecology
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Chapter 10 Resilience and Persistence in the Context of Stochastic Population ModelsChapter 11 Evolution of Specialization and Ecological Character Displacement: Metabolic Plasticity; List of Contributors
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 50
    ISBN: 9781402035265
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 542 S.) , v.: digital
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    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. Matthews, Michael R., 1948 - The Pendulum
    DDC: 507.1
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Mathematics ; Science Study and teaching ; Teachers Training of ; Mechanics ; Physics History ; Pendel
    Kurzfassung: The pendulum is a universal topic in primary and secondary schools, but its full potential for learning about physics, the nature of science, and the relationships between science, mathematics, technology, society and culture is seldom realised. Contributions to this 32-chapter anthology deal with the science, history, methodology and pedagogy of pendulum motion. There is ample material for the richer and more cross-disciplinary treatment of the pendulum from elementary school to high school, and through to advanced university classes. Scientists will value the studies on the physics of the pendulum, historians will appreciate the detailed treatment of Galileo, Huygens, Newton and Foucault's pendulum investigations, psychologists and educators will learn from the papers on Piaget, teachers will welcome the many contributions to pendulum pedagogy. All readers will come away with a new awareness of the importance of the pendulum in the foundation and development of modern science, and for its centrality in so many facets of society and culture.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The Pendulum: Its Place in Science, Culture and Pedagogy; The Pendulum in the 21st Century-Relic or Trendsetter; The Pendulum: A Paradigm for the Linear Oscillator; Introduction to the Treatment of Non-Linear Effects Using a Gravitational Pendulum; Experimental Control of Simple Pendulum Model; Soup-can Pendulum; What Makes the Foucault Pendulum Move among the Stars?; Galileo and the Pendulum: Latching on to Time; The Treatment of Cycloidal Pendulum Motion in Newton's Principia; Pendulums, Pedagogy, and Matter: Lessons from the Editing of Newton's Principia
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The Treatment of the Motion of a Simple Pendulum in Some Early 18th Century Newtonian TextbooksNewton's Path to Universal Gravitation: The Role of the Pendulum; Léon Foucault: His Life, Times and Achievements; The Pendulum: From Constrained Fall to the Concept of Potential; Idealisation and Galileo's Pendulum Discoveries: Historical, Philosophical and Pedagogical Considerations; Pendula, Models, Constructivism and Reality; The Poet and the Pendulum; Methodology and Politics: A Proposal to Teach the Structuring Ideas of the Philosophy of Science through the Pendulum
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Degree of Influence on Perception of Belief and Social Setting: Its Relevance to Understanding Pendulum MotionPiaget and the Pendulum; What the Pendulum Can Tell Educators about Children's Scientific Reasoning; Pendulum Phenomena and the Assessment of Scientific Inquiry Capabilities; Roles of Abductive Reasoning and Prior Belief in Children's Generation of Hypotheses about Pendulum Motion; Types of Two-Dimensional Pendulums and Their Uses in Education; The Pendulum as a Vehicle for Transitioning from Classical to Quantum Physics: History, Quantum Concepts, and Educational Challenges
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Analyzing Dynamic Pendulum Motion in an Interactive Online Environment Using FlashPendulum Activities in the Israeli Physics Curriculum: Used and Missed Opportunities; The Pendulum as Presented in School Science Textbooks of Greece and Cyprus; The Public Understanding of Pendulum Motion: From 5 to 88 Years Old; Using Excel to Simulate Pendulum Motion and Maybe Understand Calculus a Little Better; Teaching Cultural History from Primary Events; Pendulums in The Physics Education Literature: A Bibliography
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and indexes , Partly reprinted from Science & Education Vol 13, nos. 4-5 and 7-8 , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 51
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402039096
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 192
    DDC: 914.045
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): History ; Humanities ; Linguistics ; Regional planning ; Russland ; Reisebericht ; Westeuropabild
    Kurzfassung: Journeys to a Graveyard examines the descriptions provided by eight Russian writers of journeys made to western European countries between 1697 and 1880. The descriptions reveal the mentality and preoccupations of the Russian social and intellectual elites during this period. The travellers' perceptions of western European countries are treated here as an ambivalent response to a civilization with which Russia was belatedly coming into close contact as a result of the imperial ambition of the Russian state and the westernization of the Russian elites. The travellers perceived the most advanced European countries as superior to Russia in terms of material achievement and the maturity and refinement of their cultures, but they also promoted a view of Russia as in other respects superior to the western nations. Heavily influenced from the late eighteenth century by Romanticism and by the rise of nationalism in the west, they tended to depict European civilization as moribund. By this means they managed to define their own emergent nation in a contrastive way as having youth and promising futurity.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction; Piotr Tolstoi: a travel diary; Fonvizin: letters from foreign journeys; Karamzin: The Letters of a Russian Traveller; Pogodin: A Year in Foreign Lands; Botkin: Letters on Spain; Herzen: Letters from France and Italy; Dostoevskii: Winter Notes on Summer Impressions; Saltykov-Shchedrin: Across the Border
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 52
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402033995
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 300
    DDC: 128.3
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Logic ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Artificial intelligence ; Animal behavior ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Philosophie ; Wissenschaftliches Denken ; Philosophie
    Kurzfassung: This volume is a collection of some of the most important philosophical papers by Peter Gärdenfors. Spanning a period of more than 20 years of his research, they cover a wide ground of topics, from early works on decision theory, belief revision and nonmonotonic logic to more recent work on conceptual spaces, inductive reasoning, semantics and the evolutions of thinking. Many of the papers have only been published in places that are difficult to access. The common theme of all the papers is the dynamics of thought. Several of the papers have become minor classics and the volume bears witness of the wide scope of Gärdenfors' research and of his crisp and often witty style of writing. The volume will be of interest to researchers in philosophy and other cognitive sciences.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Probabilistic Reasoning and Evidentiary Value; Unreliable Probabilities, Risk Taking, and Decision Making; Rights, Games and Social Choice; The Dynamics of Belief Systems: Foundations vs. Coherence Theories; The Role of Expectations in Reasoning; How Logic Emerges from the Dynamics of Information; Induction, Conceptual Spaces and AI; Three Levels of Inductive Inference; Frameworks for Properties: Possible Worlds vs. Conceptual Spaces; The Pragmatic Role of Modality in Natural Language; The Social Stance; The Emergence of Meaning; Does Semantices Need Reality?
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The Nature of Man - Games That Genes Play?The Detachment of Thought; Cognitive Science: From Computers to Anthills as Models of Human Thought
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 53
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402030468
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 326
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Technology Philosophy ; Erkenntnis ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; Theoretische Physik ; Theoriebildung ; Wissenschaftliche Revolution ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; Naturwissenschaften ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Kurzfassung: Vyacheslav Stepin (born 19.08.1934) is a distinguished Russian philosopher, PhD, Professor, active member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Honoured Professor of Moscow State University and Honorary Doctor of the Karlsruhe University (Germany). He is the organizer and leader of large-scale joint research projects with foreign universities and research centers (USA, Germany, France, China) on problems of philosophy of sciences and technics, globalization and basic values of culture. In the book Theoretical Knowledge by V. Stepin, an original conception of a structure and dynamics of scientific knowledge is proposed. A detailed analysis of the foundations of science performed by the author allowed him to develop new ideas and approaches, to demonstrate how sociocultural factors are incorporated in the process of yielding of new theories. He shows direct and inverse links between foundations of science and new theories and empirical facts evolved from those, how among many potentially possible histories of science a culture selects just those directions which become a real history of science. The author analyses mechanisms of the generation of scientific theories and shows that those are changed in the process of historical development of science. He displays three historical types of scientific rationality (classical, non-classical and post-non-classical, which appears in modern science) and shows features of their coexistence and interplay. It is shown that along with the emerging of post-non-classical rationality science increases the sphere of its worldview applications. Science begins to correlate not only with the basic values of technogenic civilization but also with some values and patterns of traditional cultures. The investigation is based on the extensive literature on the history of natural and social sciences. The reader will find in the book authentic historical reconstructions of the processes of the development of classical and quantum electrodynamics, relativity, and conceptions of evolution in biology.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Scientific Cognition in a Sociocultural Context; Structure of Theoretical Knowledge; The Foundations of Science; Genesis of Theoretical Knowledge in Classical Science; Formation and Development of Theory in Non-Classical Science; Scientific Revolutions; Strategies of Theoretical Investigation in the Epoch of Post-Non-Classical Science; Strategies of Theoretical Investigation in the Epoch of Post-Non-Classical Science
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 381-394) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 54
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402032585
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 4
    DDC: 000
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy of Nature ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Naturphilosophie ; Naturgesetz
    Kurzfassung: One of the most basic problems in the philosophy of science involves determining the extent to which nature is governed by laws. This volume presents a wide-ranging overview of the contemporary debate and includes some of its foremost participants. It begins with an extensive introduction describing the historical, logical and philosophical background of the problems dealt with in the essays. Among the topics treated in the essays is the relationship between laws of nature and causal laws as well as the role of ceteris paribus clauses in scientific explanations. Traditionally, the problem of the unity of science was intimately connected to the problem of understanding the unity of nature. This fourth volume of Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science tackles these problems as part of our consideration of the most fundamental aspects of scientific understanding.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction; Why Are (Most) Laws of Nature Mathematical?; How Nature Makes Sense; Nancy Cartwright and Leszek Nowak on Scientific Laws and Scientific Explanation; The Explanatory Virtues of Probabilistic Causal Laws; The Nature of Natural Laws; How the Ceteris Paribus Laws of Physics Lie; Necessary Laws; Laws of Nature - A Skeptical View; The Laws' Properties; Laws of Nature Versus System Laws; Psychologism, Universality and the Use of Logic
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Most of the papers were presented at the 5th Baltic Workshop on Logic and the Philosophy of Science held at Copenhagen May 24-27, 2001 , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 55
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402033339
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. 2005 Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 244
    Paralleltitel: Print version Turkish Studies in the History and Philosophy if Science
    DDC: 001.01 s
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy of Mind ; Science History ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Türkei ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie
    Kurzfassung: As an academic discipline, the philosophy and history of science in Turkey was marked by two historical events: Hans Reichenbach's immigrating to Turkey and taking a post between 1933 and 1938 at Istanbul University prior to his tenure at UCLA, and Aydin Sayili's establishing a chair in the history of science in 1952 after having become the first student to receive a Ph.D. under George Sarton at Harvard University. Since then, both disciplines have flourished in Turkey. The present book, which contains seventeen newly commissioned articles, aims to give a rich overview of the current state of research by Turkish philosophers and historians of science. Topics covered address issues in methodology, causation, and reduction, and include philosophy of logic and physics, philosophy of psychology and language, and Ottoman science studies. The book also contains an unpublished interview with Maria Reichenbach, Hans Reichenbach's wife, which sheds new light on Reichenbach's academic and personal life in Istanbul and at UCLA.
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 56
    ISBN: 9781402033766
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
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    Serie: Science & Technology Education Library 26
    DDC: 371.3
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Unterricht ; Sachverhalt ; Veranschaulichung
    Kurzfassung: This book explores reading and interpretation practices related to visual materials - here referred to as inscriptions - that accompany texts. Guiding questions include: 'What practices are required for reading inscriptions?' and 'Do textbooks allow students to develop graphicacy skill required to critically read scientific texts?' The book reveals what it takes to interpret, read, and understand visual materials, and what it takes to engage inscriptions in a critical way.
    Kurzfassung: School science is dominated by textbook-oriented approaches to teaching and learning. Some surveys reveal that students have to read, depending on academic level, between ten and thirty-six pages per week from their textbook. One therefore has to ask, To what degree do textbooks introduce students to the literary practices of their domain? Few studies have addressed the quality of science curriculum materials, particularly textbooks, from a critical perspective. In this light, we are concerned in this book with better understanding the reading and interpretation practices related to visual materials - here referred to as inscriptions - that accompany texts. Our overarching questions included: What practices are required for reading inscriptions? and Do textbooks allow students to develop levels of graphicacy required to critically read scientific texts? Some of the more specific questions included: What are the practices of relating inscriptions, captions, and main text?, and What practices are required to read inscriptions in school textbooks? That is, we are interested not only in understanding what it takes to interpret, read, and understand visual materials (i.e., inscriptions), but also in understanding what it takes to engage inscriptions in a critical way. It is only when citizens can critically engage with language (texts, speech) and inscriptions that they become knowledgeable users of television, newspapers, and magazines, who can choose or leave aside particular expressions as part of the particular politics that they participate in.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Toward a critical graphicacy; The work of reading graphs; Graphicacy and context; Photographs in biology texts; Graphicacy in lectures; Interpretive graphicacy in practice; Layered inscriptions: what does it take to get their point?; Semiotics of chemical inscriptions; Reading layered, dynamic inscriptions; Epilogue: steps toward critical graphicacy
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 273-277) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 57
    ISBN: 9781402033452
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: Philosophy and Medicine 86
    DDC: 616.89/075
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders ; Philosophy (General) ; medicine Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Medicine ; Mental Disorders classification ; Mental Disorders diagnosis ; Philosophy ; Psychische Störung ; Diagnostik ; Klassifikation
    Kurzfassung: " This book is about the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, more commonly known as the D.S.M. The D.S.M. is published by the American Psychiatric Association and aims to list and describe all mental disorders. The D.S.M. is embedded in mental health care at every turn. In the U.S., hospital records note a D.S.M. diagnosis and medical insurance companies demand D.S.M. codes before they will consider reimbursing for the cost of care. Worldwide, research papers are couched in D.S.M. terminology and pharmaceutical companies list the D.S.M. diagnoses that their drugs treat. Mental health professionals, and their patients, can not avoid being affected by the D.S.M. The D.S.M. is important, but it is also controversial. While its publishers claim that the D.S.M. is a scientific classification system based on sound data, many have doubts. Big business has interests in the D.S.M. Perhaps the D.S.M. has been distorted by pressures stemming from insurance companies, or from pharmaceutical companies? Others are concerned that whether a condition is classified as a mental disorder depends too greatly on social and political factors. More conceptual worries are also frequent. If classification requires a theory, and if mental disorders are poorly understood, then a sound classification system may be presently unobtainable. Possibly even attempting to construct a classification system that ""cuts nature at the joints"" is conceptually naïve. Maybe types of mental disorder are radically unlike, say, chemical elements, and simply fail to have a natural structure. Classifying Madness offers a sustained philosophical critique of the D.S.M. that addresses these concerns. The first half of the book asks whether the project of constructing a classification of mental disorders that reflects natural distinctions makes sense. I conclude that it does. The second half of the book addresses epistemic worries. Even supposing a natural classification system to be possible in principle, there may be reasons to be suspicious of the categories included in the D.S.M. I examine the extent to which the D.S.M. depends on psychiatric theory, and look at how it has been shaped by social and financial factors. I aim to be critical of the D.S.M. without being antagonistic towards it. Ultimately, however, I am forced to conclude that although the D.S.M. is of immense practical importance, it is not on track to become the best possible classification of mental disorders. Classifying Madness will be of interest to both mental health professionals and to philosophers interested in classification in science. The possibility that there may be philosophical difficulties with the D.S.M. has become a commonplace in the mental health literature, and Classifying Madness offers mental health professionals an opportunity to explore suspicions that there might be conceptual problems with the D.S.M. For philosophers, this book aims to contribute to debates in the philosophy of science concerning natural kinds, the theory-ladenness of classification, and the effect of sociological factors in science. These issues are normally approached via a consideration of the natural sciences and, as will be seen, approaching them via a consideration of psychiatry helps shed new light on old problems. "
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction; What is Mental Disorder?; Are Mental Disorders Natural Kinds?; The Problem of Theory-Ladenness; The D.S.M. and Feedback in Applied Science
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 153-164) and index , Revised thesis (Ph.D.) - Cambridge University, 2002 , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 58
    ISBN: 9781402036736
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 507.1
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Curriculum planning ; Science Study and teaching ; Teachers Training of ; Konferenzschrift 2003 ; Forschung ; Naturwissenschaftliche Bildung ; Forschung ; Naturwissenschaftlicher Unterricht
    Kurzfassung: In August 2003 over 400 researchers in the field of science education from all over the world met at the 4th ESERA conference in Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands. During the conference 300 papers about actual issues in the field, such as the learning of scientific concepts and skills, scientific literacy, informal science learning, science teacher education, modeling in science education were presented. The book contains 40 of the most outstanding papers presented during the conference. These papers reflect the quality and variety of the conference and represent the state of the art in the field of research in science education.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preliminaries; TABLE OF CONTENTS; 1: THE QUALITY OF SCIENCE EDUCATION; 2: SCIENCE CURRICULUM INNOVATION; 3: SCIENCE TEACHER EDUCATION; 4: TEACHING-LEARNING SEQUENCES IN SCIENCE EDUCATION; 5: TEACHING THE NATURE OF SCIENCE; 6: MODELS, MODELLING AND ANALOGIES IN SCIENCE EDUCATION; 7: DISCOURSE AND ARGUMENTATION IN SCIENCE EDUCATION; 8: TEACHING AND LEARNING SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS; NAME INDEX
    Anmerkung: Selection of papers presented at the 4th conference organized by the European Science Education Research Association (ESERA) , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9781402038082
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: Science & Technology Education Library 29
    DDC: 507.1
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Teachers Training of
    Kurzfassung: There is surprisingly little known about affect in science education. Despite periodic forays into monitoring students' attitudes-toward-science, the effect of affect is too often overlooked. Beyond Cartesian Dualism gathers together contemporary theorizing in this axiomatic area. In fourteen chapters, senior scholars of international standing use their knowledge of the literature and empirical data to model the relationship between cognition and affect in science education. Their revealing discussions are grounded in a broad range of educational contexts including school classrooms, universities, science centres, travelling exhibits and refugee camps, and explore an array of far reaching questions. What is known about science teachers' and students' emotions? How do emotions mediate and moderate instruction? How might science education promote psychological resilience? How might educators engage affect as a way of challenging existing inequalities and practices? This book will be an invaluable resource for anybody interested in science education research and more generally in research on teaching, learning and affect. It offers educators and researchers a challenge, to recognize the mutually constitutive nature of cognition and affect.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preliminaries; TABLE OF CONTENTS; 1. BRIDGING THE CARTESIAN DIVIDE; 2. THE IMPORTANCE OF AFFECT IN SCIENCE EDUCATION; 3. INCALCULABLE PRECISION; 4. ATTITUDES TOWARD SCIENCE: A REVIEW OF THE FIELD; 5. EMPOWERED FOR ACTION?; 6. THE SHIFTING ROLES OF ACCEPTANCE AND DISPOSITIONS IN UNDERSTANDING BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; 7. STUDENT LEARNING IN SCIENCE CLASSROOMS; 8. PRACTICAL WORK AND THE AFFECTIVE DOMAIN; 9. MUSEUMS, AFFECT, AND COGNITION; 10. EMOTIONS AND SCIENCE TEACHING; 11. ACTIVE SCIENCE FOR CHILD REFUGEES; 12. ORCHESTRATING THE CONFLUENCE; 13. FROM DESPAIR TO SUCCESS
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 14. EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT, SCIENCE AND CO-EDUCATIONINDEX
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 60
    ISBN: 9781402037030
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Serie: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 19
    DDC: 530.01
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): History ; Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Physics History ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Naturphilosophie ; Geschichte 1600-1700 ; Wissenschaftliche Revolution ; Physik ; Naturwissenschaften ; Geschichte 1600-1700
    Kurzfassung: " The seventeenth century marked a critical phase in the emergence of modern science. But we misunderstand this process, if we assume that seventeenth-century modes of natural inquiry were identical to the highly specialised, professionalised and ever proliferating family of modern sciences practised today. In early modern Europe the central category for the study of nature was ""natural philosophy"", or as Robert Hooke called it in his Micrographia, the Science of Nature. In this discipline general theories of matter, cause, cosmology and method were devised, debated and positioned in relation to superior disciplines, such as theology, cognate disciplines, such as mathematics and ethics, and subordinate disciplines, such as the ""mixed mathematical sciences"" of astronomy, optics and mechanics. Thus, the ""Scientific Revolution"" of the Seventeenth Century did not witness the sudden birth of 'modern science' but rather conflict and change in the field of natural philosophy: Aristotelian natural philosophy was challenged and displaced, as thinkers competed to redefine natural philosophy and its relations to the superior, cognate and subordinate disciplines. From this process the more modern looking disciplines of natural science emerged, and the idea of a general Science of Nature suffered a slow demise. The papers in this collection focus on patterns of change in natural philosophy in the seventeenth century, aiming to encourage the use and articulation of this category in the historiography of science. The volume is intended for scholars and advanced students of early modern history of science, history of philosophy and intellectual history. Philosophers of science and sociologists of scientific knowledge concerned with historical issues will also find the volume of relevance. Above all, the volume is addressed to anyone interested in current debates about the origin and nature of modern science. "
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction; The Onset of the Scientific Revolution; 'Waterworld': Descartes' Vortical Celestial Mechanics; Circular Argument; From Mechanics to Mechanism; The Autonomy of Natural Philosophy; Physico-Theology and the Mixed Sciences; The Saturn Problem; Experimental Versus Speculative Natural Philosophy
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographic references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 61
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402036132
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: Models and Modeling in Science Education 1
    DDC: 507.1
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Naturwissenschaftlicher Unterricht ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Kurzfassung: This book addresses key issues concerning visualization in the teaching and learning of science at any level in educational systems. It is the first book specifically on visualization in science education. The book draws on the insights from cognitive psychology, science, and education, by experts from five countries. It unites these with the practice of science education, particularly the ever-increasing use of computer-managed modelling packages.
    Kurzfassung: 'Visualization in Science Education' draws on the insights from cognitive psychology, science, and education, by experts from Australia, Israel, Slovenia, UK, and USA. It unites these with the practice of science education, particularly the ever-increasing use of computer-managed modelling packages, especially in chemistry. The first section explores the significance and intellectual standing of visualization. The second section shows how the skills of visualization have been developed practically in science education. This is followed by accounts of how the educational value of visualization has been integrated into university courses in physics, genomics, and geology. The fourth section documents experimental work on the classroom assessment of visualization. An endpiece summarises some of the research and development needed if the contribution of this set of universal skills is to be fully exploited at all levels and in all science subjects.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction; Visualization: A Metacognitive Skill in Science and Science Education; Prolegomenon to Scientific Visualizations; Mental Models: Theoretical Issues for Visualizations in Science Education; A Model of Molecular Visualization; Leveraging Technology and Cognitive Tehory on Visualization to Promote Students' Science; Teaching and Learning with Three-dimensional Representations; Students Becoming Chemists: Developing Representationl Competence; Imagery in Physics Learning - from Physicists' Practice to Naive Students' Understanding; Imagery in Science Learning in Students and Experts
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Learning Electromagnetism with Visualizations and Active LearningVisualizing the Science of Genomics; Visualization in Undergraduate Geology Courses; Evaluating the Educational Value of Molecular Structure Representations; Assessing Learning from the Use of Multimedia Chemical Visualiztion Software; Endpiece: Research and Development on Visualization in Science Education
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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