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  • 2010-2014  (3,127)
  • 1995-1999  (308)
  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank  (3,435)
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  • 1
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (36 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als de la Fuente, Alejandro Living on the Edge: Vulnerability to Poverty and Public Transfers in Mexico
    Abstract: Social policy in Mexico has focused on identifying and supporting chronically poor households. Yet, Mexico has a significant number of households that are just above the poverty line who are not eligible, by definition, for antipoverty programs
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  • 2
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (36 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Carletto, Gero From Tragedy to Renaissance: Improving Agricultural Data for Better Policies
    Abstract: Agricultural development is an essential engine of growth and poverty reduction, yet agricultural data suffer from poor quality and narrow sectoral focus. There are several reasons for this: (i) difficult-to-measure smallholder agriculture is pr
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  • 3
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (33 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Balcázar, Carlos Felipe Broken Gears: The Value Added of Higher Education on Teachers' Academic Achievement
    Abstract: Good teachers are essential for high-quality educational systems. However, little is known about teachers' skills formation during college. By combining two standardized tests for Colombian students, one taken at the end of senior year in high s
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  • 4
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Briceño, Bertha Promoting Handwashing and Sanitation: Evidence from a Large-Scale Randomized Trial in Rural Tanzania
    Abstract: The association between hygiene, sanitation, and health is well documented, yet thousands of children die each year from exposure to contaminated fecal matter. At the same time, evidence on the effectiveness of at-scale behavior change intervent
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  • 5
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Harwood, Alison SME Exchanges in Emerging Market Economies: A Stocktaking of Development Practices
    Abstract: In recent years, many emerging market countries have developed or are in the process of developing SME Exchanges to provide financing to SMEs, but few have succeeded. This paper aims to help stock exchanges and policy makers think through the ke
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  • 6
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (57 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Cherkashin, Ivan Firm Heterogeneity and Costly Trade: A New Estimation Strategy and Policy Experiments
    Abstract: This paper builds a tractable partial equilibrium model to help explain the role of trade preferences given to developing countries, as well as the efficacy of various subsidy policies. The model allows for firm level heterogeneity in demand and
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  • 7
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Balcázar, Carlos Felipe Born with a Silver Spoon: Inequality in Educational Achievement across the World
    Abstract: This paper assesses inequality of opportunity in educational achievement using the Human Opportunity Index methodology on data from the Programme for International Student Assessment. The findings suggest that there are large inequalities in lea
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  • 8
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (38 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Alcántara, Alejandra Mendoza Integrating Qualitative Methods into Investment Climate Impact Evaluations
    Abstract: Incorporating qualitative methods into the evaluation of development programs has become increasingly popular in recent years, both for the distinctive insights such approaches can bring in their own right and because of their capacity to comple
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  • 9
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (63 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Cubas, Diana OECS Ports: An Efficiency and Performance Assessment
    Abstract: Handling charges in Caribbean ports are two to three times higher than in similar ports in other regions of the world. In some cases, it costs significantly less to ship a container to Hong Kong SAR, China, or Europe than it does to ship to a ne
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  • 10
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (46 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Constantinescu, Cristina The Global Trade Slowdown: Cyclical or Structural?
    Abstract: This paper focuses on the sluggish growth of world trade relative to income growth in recent years. The analysis uses an empirical strategy based on an error correction model to assess whether the global trade slowdown is structural or cyclical
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  • 11
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Health Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This report presents the findings of the first phase of a series of analytical and evaluation studies contributing to the design of an impact and process evaluation of South Africa's National Adherence Guidelines for Chronic Diseases. The work package is a collaborative effort between the National Department of Health of South Africa, the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), the National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD), Boston University/Health Economics and Epidemiology Research Office (HE2RO) and the World Bank. The evaluation seeks to answer which mechanisms, strategies and delivery models work best in different settings in South Africa to improve enrolment in ART after HIV diagnosis, adherence to ART and long-term retention in care. The research was conducted in 2014 and consisted of a literature and data review and semi-structured interviews with key informants and health care clients in five selected provinces (Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, North West, and Western Cape). Based on the evidence, the report provides recommendations for future treatment adherence models and differentiated care in four priority areas: Improving clients' understanding of their treatment; Providing focused counselling and grow accountability; Ensuring that there are tools and strategies to assist client self-monitoring; and Reducing barriers to diagnosis, treatment and care. This research contributed to the development of South Africa's chronic treatment adherence guideline
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  • 12
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Rural Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The Land Governance Assessment Framework (LGAF) is a diagnostic tool to assess the status of land governance at country level using a participatory process that draws systematically on existing evidence and local expertise rather than on outsiders. The analysis covers nine themes: land tenure recognition; rights to forest and common lands and rural land use regulations; urban land use, planning, and development; public land management; process for transfer of public land to private use; public provision of land information (land administration and information systems); land valuation and taxation; dispute resolution and review of institutional arrangements and policies. The assessment follows a scorecard approach and produces a matrix of policy priorities matrix. The LGAF process helps to establish a consensus on (i) gaps in existing evidence; (ii) areas for regulatory or institutional change, piloting of new approaches, and interventions to improve land governance on a broader scale (e.g. by strengthening land rights and improving their enforcement); and (iii) criteria to assess the effectiveness of these measures. This report presents the result for South Sudan
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The global economy is showing signs of recovery, but at an uneven pace; global growth is expected to rise modestly to 2.6 percent in 2014, and an average 3.3 percent in 2015-17. The gradual strengthening of activity in the Euro Area and especially the US will boost demand for exports from developing East Asia and Pacific (EAP), helping the region sustain its growth performance. There are early signs of firming up of economic recovery in Vietnam. GDP growth picked up to a relatively brisk 6.2 percent (y-o-y) in the third quarter of 2014, contributing to an overall growth rate of 5.6 percent for the first nine months of the year. Credit growth continues to come in below target, hampering the State Bank of Vietnam's efforts to carry out credit expansion to support economic growth. The Government has taken some important measures in 2014 to improve business conditions, which are expected to bear fruit from 2015 onward. The Government issued Resolution 19 (March 18, 2014), which prioritizes shortening the time for processing and completion of administrative procedures, reducing administrative costs, and strengthening transparency and accountability of state administrative agencies. The Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) provides a comprehensive framework to identify financial system vulnerabilities and develop appropriate policy responses. Recognizing its importance, in July 2012 the Government of Vietnam invited the World Bank and the IMF to initiate an FSAP for Vietnam. In recent years the Vietnamese economy had shown signs of corporate and financial distress, and slowdown in GDP growth. In response to this, the government announced a comprehensive reform program designed to address the problems faced by the financial and corporate sectors. The FSAP provides a broad set of policy recommendations that can be used to operationalize the SEDP and the banking restructuring program. The recommendations include recapitalization plans, the workout of NPLs, regulatory and other reforms, and the temporary extension of the safety net
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: IFC, a member of the World Bank Group, seeks to promote private sector led growth in order to support job creation and inclusive growth. In this context, an important priority of IFC in Lebanon is to support small and medium enterprises (SMEs). In Lebanon, SMEs represent 97 percent of the total formal enterprises, employ more than 51 percent of the working population, and are mostly family-owned. Supporting Lebanese SMEs is therefore an important mechanism for increasing employment opportunities, and improved access to finance for SMEs is an essential factor allowing SMEs to grow. As part of its activities in Lebanon, IFC partners with local banks and other financial institutions to (i) broaden their networks and facilitate greater outreach to SMEs; and (ii) offer innovative products that expand financing options for SMEs. Fransabank and IFC have had a long-standing relationship dating back to the 1990s. In 2007, IFC supported Fransabank under the Lebanon Rebuild Program with two facilities including a risk-sharing facility to support the bank's lending to SMEs. IFC's counter-cyclical support not only provided liquidity but also helped restore investor confidence in Lebanon and its private sector in a post-conflict situation. Measuring the impact of IFC's investment and advisory activities can be complex. With the idea of quantifying job creation through financial markets investments in Lebanon, IFC and Fransabank have undertaken this in-depth study. The key objectives of the study are: (i) to measure the job impact on SMEs from increased access to finance; and (ii) to understand the broader development outcomes facilitated by engagements in the financial sector. The results are based on a survey implemented in March 2013, which sampled 73 companies that received loans from Fransabank during 2008 and 2011. The enterprises ranged from very small to medium firms in the service, agribusiness, and manufacturing sectors across the five regions of Lebanon. While it is difficult to draw any definitive conclusions from these findings, the results validate that SMEs are vital and have the potential to contribute significantly to job creation. The findings should also encourage financial institutions like Fransabank to continue supporting SMEs through financing and other services to promote sustained job growth in Lebanon
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Education Sector Review
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The scope and pace of education reforms in Georgia over the last decade are unique in the region but have not yet yielded the expected improvements in the quality of education. In particular, reforms of financing and governance of educational institutions, that other countries have been grappling with for years, have been implemented. The key reforms included: (i) the decentralization of the management; (ii) the adoption of a per-student financing mechanism at all levels of education; (iii) the creation, under the umbrella of the ministry of education and science, of new public legal entities responsible for ensuring the quality of reforms; (iv) the adoption of new standards and outcome-based national curricula in general education along with the development of new textbooks; and (v) the design of a new national assessment and examination system. The government has set a clear vision for the future of the education sector as a tool for human capital development to support economic growth. To achieve the new vision for the sector s development, the government needs to address the remaining challenges both at the system and sub-sector level. The analysis presented in this report reveals that the major challenge across all levels of education in Georgia is improving quality and, more specifically, improving student outcomes. The document presents comparative analysis and brings in relevant examples from other countries and country comparisons for that purpose
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Urban Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Since 2004 Ethiopia has e ...
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (68 p)
    Series Statement: South Asia Economic Focus
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Global recovery remains below expectations and uneven across major advanced economies. Monetary tightening in a recovering US economy and potential deflation in a weak Eurozone constitute sources of risk for developing and emerging market economies. Nonetheless, developing country growth remains fairly robust. Notably, India continues its path towards sustained and faster growth as well as macroeconomic stability thereby paving the way for a solid regional performance in South Asia. While the region’s external position has been further solidified, key domestic challenges include reducing risks on the fiscal side as well as sustaining investment and export growth through structural reform and prudent macroeconomic policy. The overall short and medium term outlook for South Asia points towards continued acceleration with potential downside risks concentrated on the fiscal and structural reform side. Future growth dynamics will increasingly depend on strong investment and export performance. While a challenging task, it may afford South Asia to significantly catch up with the fastest growing region - East Asia and Pacific. This edition’s special focus section takes a macroeconomic look at exports and their potential for becoming a permanent growth pillar in South Asia
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  • 18
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (20 p)
    Series Statement: Middle East and North Africa Quarterly Economic Brief
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Ongoing regional tensions, together with a challenging (albeit slightly improving) external environment, have hit the economies of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region hard. Economic growth is slowing, fiscal buffers are depleting, unemployment is rising, and inflation is mounting in seven of the region’s most vulnerable economies-- Egypt, Tunisia, Iran, Lebanon, Jordan, Yemen and Libya. Short-term policy actions such as increasing public sector wages and subsidies—aimed at reducing social tensions--exacerbate the situation, which is driven by long-standing structural weaknesses, including labor market rigidities, complicated and opaque regulations, infrastructure deficiencies, regressive and inefficient subsidies, and inadequate social safety nets. While these countries face an unstable political and macroeconomic environment, the growth slowdown after the Arab Spring creates a unique opportunity to address these structural problems to both create fiscal space and restructure the economy towards job creation and inclusive growth
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  • 19
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Transformando las ciudades con el transporte publico presenta la vision mas actualizada sobre cuando, como y por que las ciudades pueden crecer alrededor de nuevos sistemas masivos de transporte publico. Resalta la integracion entre el uso del suelo y el transporte publico como una de las iniciativas estrategicas mas importantes disponibles para el desarrollo de un futuro urbano mas sostenible. Para lograr una integracion efectiva es necesario tener una vision estrategica, contundente y progresista de la futura ciudad, un marco institucional propicio y unos modelos financieros sostenibles. Las ciudades necesitan prever su futuro a largo plazo, al elaborar visiones que posteriormente se articulan en planes espaciales e iniciativas especificas para el uso de la tierra. Un marco espacial debe guiar las inversiones en el transporte publico y en otros elementos de la infraestructura. El libro brinda lecciones y recomendaciones vitales que se basan en cuidadosos analisis de caso. Expone exhaustivamente tanto los exitos como los desafios relacionados con el desarrollo urbano que el transporte publico fomenta, y lo hace por medio de profundos y detallados estudios de caso en cuanto al diseno y manejo del uso del suelo, tanto en ciudades desarrolladas como en aquellas en vias de desarrollo
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank Annual Report
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: El Grupo del Banco Mundial ha establecido objetivos ambiciosos pero alcanzables en torno a los cuales centrara la labor que desarrolla para superar estos desafios historicos. Especificamente, la institucion procurara poner fin a la pobreza extrema en todo el mundo para 2030 y promover la prosperidad compartida en los paises en desarrollo, lo que supondra fomentar el aumento de los ingresos del 40% mas pobre de la poblacion. Se procurara lograr estos objetivos de un modo sostenible en lo ambiental, social y economico, de modo de garantizar que los avances en el desarrollo no afecten el bienestar de las generaciones actuales y futuras. El presente informe anual se centra en las operaciones del Banco Internacional de Reconstruccion y Fomento (BIRF) y la Asociacion Internacional de Fomento (AIF), denominados colectivamente Banco Mundial. Lo invitamos a leer este informe para conocer mas sobre la labor del Banco Mundial, las actividades que desarrolla y los resultados que obtiene en las seis regiones donde trabaja, asi como sus logros en la superacion de la pobreza y la creacion de oportunidades para los habitantes de los paises en desarrollo. The Annual Report is prepared by the Executive Directors of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and the International Development Association (IDA)-collectively known as the World Bank-in accordance with the by-laws of the two institutions. The President of the IBRD and IDA and the Chairman of the Board of Executive Directors submits the Report, together with the accompanying administrative budgets and audited financial statements, to the Board of Governors
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  • 21
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: IEG's Country Program Evaluation (CPE) covers the period FY05-13. The period spans three World Bank Group country strategies and one progress report. It also covers the last years of the Ben Ali regime and the transition to a new political dispensation following the revolution of January 2011. The CPE aims to reflect on past performance to inform the preparation of a new Bank Group strategy for Tunisia. The following recommendations are proposed to strengthen ongoing Bank Group efforts to improve performance in support of reform in Tunisia: (i) Conduct political economy analysis to better manage risk in a volatile environment. (ii) Galvanize public support for reform. (iii) Selectively and carefully sequence first-order policy reforms (based on the political economy analysis) in designing Bank Group strategy, taking into account capacity and other constraints inherent in the transition period. (iv) Build government ownership and capacity on how to roll out the reform agenda
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  • 22
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: The initial hours and days after a humanitarian emergency are generally seen as the most important. Because they affect the rapid deployment of relief to people in need, international trade policies, and the way in which they are implemented, can make an enormous difference to the effectiveness of the humanitarian response, in many cases, the difference between life and death. The same issues that affect trade on a daily basis, such as costly, inefficient and onerous borders procedures, are magnified in times of humanitarian emergencies where speed and reliability of delivery are so critical. Trade also plays a key role in recovery and reconstruction well beyond the initial phase of an emergency. This report surveys three main areas at the intersection of trade-related policies and humanitarian emergencies: (i ) border procedures and trade facilitation; (ii) trade and disaster recovery and reconstruction; and (iii) other trade policies affecting humanitarian response
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Abstract: The purpose of this policy note is to present reform options on cabotage liberalization. The goal of cabotage liberalization is to help i) foster more competition in the domestic shipping industry, ii) reduce shipping cost, and iii) improve efficiency, maritime services, and safety standards. These, together with complementary reforms in domestic shipping and ports, can help enhance consumer and producer welfare through lower consumer prices, higher household real income, timely delivery of goods, and ultimately, job creation and poverty reduction through greater market access. This policy note on cabotage is organized as follows. Part one provides an overview of the domestic shipping industry and discusses the key issues that it faces. Part two discusses the underlying reasons for the industry's inefficiency. Part three discusses the concept of cabotage, the cost and benefit of cabotage liberalization, and the cabotage regimes of the Philippines and of selected countries. Part four closes with a discussion of reform options
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  • 24
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Public Investment Review
    Abstract: This report is intended to provide in one single document the background, principal recent and current World Bank activities and the proposed program of technical assistance to the Government in the area of public investment programming and management in post-revolution Libya. Aside from the convenience, both for the Bank and other international partners, of a synthesis of all major assessments and advice provided by the Bank in this central area of public sector management, this report shows the substantial continuity of diagnosis and assistance from the immediate aftermath of the Revolution through mid-2014. The first section recounts the early activities and, against that background, the second section summarizes the activities conducted and initial results achieved during FY2014. The concluding section lists the preliminary agreements with the Government on how to build on those initial results with complementary activities and deepening of a number of initiatives, specifically during FY2015 and with general indications for the subsequent years. The text of the report is limited to a summary of key issues and recommendations, with full details provided in the several annexes
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  • 25
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Abstract: This is a policy note following from the book Health Financing in the Republic of Gabon. The book is a comprehensive assessment of health financing in the Republic of Gabon. The book reviews the health financing situation in light of the government's introduction of a national health insurance program and its commitment to achieving universal health insurance coverage in the medium term. The book provides a diagnostic of the situation in light of recent data from the demographic and health survey, updated national health accounts, and a review of public expenditures in the health sector. Additionally, it performs a benchmarking exercise to assess how Gabon performs in its health spending and health outcomes compared to countries of similar income and compared to countries in the region. A forthcoming household survey is expected to provide better information on financial protection against illness costs. This book attempts to diagnose Gabon's current situation in regards to achieving universal health coverage. Gabon should be commended for its commitment to improving health indicators of the poor and the underserved. The book shows that while the government has set an ambitious goal for itself, several challenges exist in meeting these objectives in the medium term as follows (i) resource mobilization efforts are a priority to sustain its programs financially; (ii) to prioritize resources for areas considered, value for money, to improve equity in access and delivery of health services, with particular focus on primary care, public health program, and quality of care; (iii) to increase the population's coverage under the national health insurance program, with focus on the poor and the informal sector workers; and (v) to consider areas that would improve efficiency and reduce costs. The book is timely, given that the government has recently produced, the Plan Social. It provides a diagnostic of the health sector and provides key recommendations and options for the government to consider in the short to medium term
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  • 26
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, said he was honored to share the Prince Mahidol award with a distinguished group of individuals who have spent many years fighting to end the HIV-AIDS epidemic. He said that Thailand was the first developing country to mount a successful HIV prevention response. Thailand's successes in AIDS prevention and treatment were not inevitable, neither was its quest for universal health coverage. He have learned that investing in people is not just the right moral choice, ambitious reforms require skillful balancing of competing demands and a handful of committed people with vision have the power to change the world. He concludes that lessons are universal and timeless that we can achieve great things, if we learn from history, and contribute to a lasting evidence-based wisdom
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  • 27
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discusses maternal and child deaths; developing finance; and transforming business in global health and development. He announced that the creation of the Global Financing Facility in support of Every Woman Every Child will enable countries to close the gaps in achieving the health millennium development goals, building on proven experience with results-based financing for health. The Facility will help countries mobilize additional domestic and international resources, including from domestic budgets, other bilateral and multilateral donors, the private sector, and innovative financing mechanisms
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group states that the infrastructure gap is enormous --an estimated USD 1 trillion to USD 1.5 trillion more is needed each year. To fill this gap, the Bank needs to tap into the trillions of dollars held by institutional investors, most of which are sitting on the sidelines, and direct those assets into projects that will have great benefit for a range of developing countries. The Bank announced the creation of the Global Infrastructure Facility, which is designed to attract financing for infrastructure needs. To combat Ebola, the Bank needed to move to an emergency footing. During all of the efforts on infrastructure, Ebola, and climate change, teams from across the institution worked collaboratively and displayed an inspiring commitment to innovation. The Bank will be aggressive and creative and apply large-scale solutions to help states manage, prepare for, recover from and conquer the risks, so they can grow and flourish. The Bank's strategy on climate change has five parts: carbon pricing, eliminating fuel subsidies, cleaner cities, smart agricultural policies, and renewable energy investment
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER)
    Abstract: This report focuses specifically on policies in the area of student assessment. Papua New Guinea has focused on increasing student learning outcomes by improving the quality of education in the country. An effective student assessment system is an important component of efforts to improve education quality and learningoutcomes because it provides the necessary information to meet stakeholders' decision-makingneeds. In order to gain a better understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of its existing assessment system, Papua New Guinea decided to benchmark thissystem using standardized tools developed under The World Bank's Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER) program. SABER is an evidence-based program to help countries systematically examine and strengthen the performance of different aspects of their education systems. The goal of SABER-Student Assessment is to promote stronger assessment systems that contribute to improved education quality and learning for all
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER)
    Abstract: The Solomon Islands has focused on increasing studentlearning outcomes by improving the quality of educationin the country. An effective student assessment systemis an important component of efforts to improveeducation quality and learning outcomes because itprovides the necessary information to meet stakeholders' decision-making needs. In order to gain abetter understanding of the strengths and weaknesses ofits existing assessment system, the Solomon Islands decided to benchmark this system using standardized tools developed under The World Bank's Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER) program.SABER is an evidence-based program to help countriessystematically examine and strengthen the performanceof different aspects of their education systems. The goal ofSABER-Student Assessment is to promote stronger assessment systems that contribute to improved education quality and learning for all
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER)
    Abstract: The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has focused on increasing student learning outcomes by improving the quality of education in the country. An effective student assessment system is an important component to improving education quality and learning outcomes as it provides the necessary information to meet stakeholders' decision-making needs. In order to gain a better understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of its existing assessment system, DRC decided to benchmark this system using standardized tools developed under The World Bank's Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER) program. SABER is an evidence-based program to help countries systematically examine and strengthen the performance of different aspects of their education systems. The key policy areas for this students assessment are as follows: (i) Classroom Assessment; (ii) Examinations; (iii) National Large-Scale Assessment (NLSA); and (iv) International Large-Scale Assessment (ILSA)
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: Legislation based on international standards and harmonized between trade partners facilitates trade and enables products from developing countries to be competitive in the international market. Countries looking to export to the EU should aim to harmonize legislation with EU rules. If exporting to EU markets is not a priority, countries should follow requirements of the WTO SPS agreement and thus ensure that their products can access markets of all WTO member states. Both the EU and WTO legislative models for food safety require a risk-based approach to food safety controls, prioritizing funds and activity on the most risky areas. Reforms in this area should be primarily focused on ensuring food safety, although ensuring that consumers are receiving the quality of food that they expect is also a consideration. When planning legislative reform, the burden on business should be carefully considered, and consultation with the business community is strongly recommended to obtain a good understanding of the business perspective. Public awareness on the need for reforms can be important and it is essential to outline the benefits of improved food safety legislation to consumers and their representative bodies as they can help to support reforms and sustain their results
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  • 33
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: Public-private dialogue (PPD) is highly necessary in fragile and conflict-affected situations (FCS) to fill the gap resulting from the lack of legitimate institutions, to help create transparency and trust among stakeholders, and to identify the need for reforms and interventions that can improve the business environment and attract investment. Moreover, creating a platform for PPD can provide a useful starting point for private sector development in FCS for projects in key sectors, such as agribusiness and extractives, where PPD can help build links between large-scale investments and the local economy. To support PPD projects in FCS, the World Bank Group has conducted a survey of 27 task team leaders and other program staff members with experiences from 30 FCS countries. The survey was followed by in-depth interviews with 13 key staff members who have experience from selected countries. By conducting in-depth interviews, the Bank Group aimed to capture important experiences and lessons learned, including a description of challenges, useful tools and methods, and do s and don ts. The results of PPD are produced by the reforms it initiates and also the process it implements. In FCS, the peacebuilding and conflict-mitigating results are difficult to capture. However, the stakeholders that benefit from the results highly value them. This study will inform the design of guidelines intended for PPD project managers operating in FCS environments
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  • 34
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Education Study
    Abstract: Swaziland's economic growth has moderated over the last two decades and has been among the lowest in Sub-Saharan Africa. The slow growth has exacerbated the serious challenges facing the country's development, for example, high unemployment, particularly among the youth. The demographic shift in the coming two decades will cause working age population growth to outpace population growth. At the recent Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rates, job creation will fail to keep pace with the number of new entrants, most of them are the youth and current job seekers in the labor market. Although skills development is a continuing process and most of it takes place on the job, for young people, foundation skills are developed in education and training institutions. In particular, their basic vocational and technical skills are developed through technical and vocational education and training (TVET). Thus, whether the current TVET system in the country can meet the above mentioned expectations needs to be examined. The rapid assessment provides an overview of a highly varied landscape of TVET providers. At present, Swaziland has 70 TVET institutions, 27 are public, 29 are private for-profit, and 14 are run by NGOs, churches and communities (private but non-profit). These institutions offer 415 training programs in 60 areas ranging from vocational programs such as sewing, farming, carpentry, et cetera to highly technical and professional programs such as business management, computer programming, education, et ceteraThe assessment also reveals the fragmentation and lack of coordination of the country's current TVET system. Some principal weaknesses include : 1) Low efficiency of the system, especially in the public sector; 2) Limited range of programs; 3) Lack of strong quality assurance mechanisms at both national and institutional levels; 4) Insufficient public investment in TVET. From the assessment, it is clear that urgent attention must be given to the weak alignment between current TVET provision and labor market requirements. This is particularly evident in priority industries of tourism, food processing, manufacturing, and mining. This report sheds light on potential areas for policy intervention to improve the TVET system and make it more effective in helping address youth unemployment in the country
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  • 35
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: Located in South Asia, Pakistan is the sixth most populous country in the world. Pakistan is divided into four provinces, a state and federally and provincially administrated territories. The country is exposed to several types of natural disasters, prominent among which are earthquakes, floods, droughts, cyclones and landslides. Recurring floods formed the bulk of the natural disasters to have struck Pakistan since the country's formation, with the collective toll of the floods prior to the earthquake of 2005 leaving 6,700 people dead. Windstorms, though less frequent, have also been devastating for Pakistan. As of the earthquake of 2005, the windstorm of 1965 remained the most fatal natural disaster in the country's history, claiming about 10,000 lives. The devastation caused by the earthquake of 2005, however, eclipsed all previous disasters. Reacting decisively to the earthquake, the government established a new reconstruction agency, the Earthquake Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Authority (ERRA) to lead, coordinate and oversee reconstruction. This case study, based on comprehensive literature review and interviews with key stakeholders, presents the highlights of the post-earthquake reconstruction process. It outlines the decision-making processes in recovery planning and extracts best practices and key lessons learned from the experience
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Law and Justice Study
    Abstract: Afghanistan has a multitude of complementary, competing, and at times conflicting spaces for rule-setting and dispute resolution; state laws, Shari'a, and customary practices and norms are applied and enforced in varying situations, by state as well as non-state justice institutions. State justice institutions are those which represent the central government and the formal legal system. Non-state justice institutions include a range of both traditional and new community organizations, such as shuras (local councils), among others. Even significant individual positions in communities can represent non-state justice institutions, as can be the case for mullahs. This study looks at the gender dynamics of access to justice services in Afghanistan. It examines the intersecting spaces of state and non-state institutions and their respective bodies of law and norms to gain a better understanding of how they affect the choices that women make in resolving disputes through those institutions. By investigating barriers hindering women's access to justice services, identifying the most common disputes or cases that women and men bring before justice institutions, examining justice-seeking behaviors of women and men, and documenting levels of satisfaction with the process and its outcomes, the study aims to provide Afghan and international policy makers and program designers with quantitative evidence to devise approaches that address gender-based inequities in women's access to justice and justice outcomes. Another contribution of this study is to inform the World Bank-financed Justice Service Delivery Project (JSDP), which is aimed at improving access to justice by supporting both state and non-state justice institutions
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Environmental Study
    Keywords: Adaptation To Climate Change ; Climate Change ; Climate Change Economics ; Climate Change Impacts ; Decision Making ; Environment ; Financial Management ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector
    Abstract: The 2013 Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC AR5) advised that warming of the climate system is unequivocal and said that since the 1950s many of the observed changes are unprecedented over decades to millennia. Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time it affects every country and yet progress in mainstreaming climate change into the policy-making process is patchy. Some countries political leaderships have put in place high-profile climate change mitigation and adaptation plans, with broad participation across government agencies and nongovernmental stakeholders, and with their central finance and planning agencies assuming a key role. In many other countries, however, climate change issues remain the preserve of specialist environmental agencies and there is no framework or mechanism by which climate change issues are systematically taken into account in national planning. This Climate Change Public Expenditure and Institutional Review Sourcebook (CCPEIR) seeks to provide practitioners with the tools and information needed to respond to the public expenditure policy and management challenges arising from climate change. It is a series of notes and supporting materials written to consolidate current research and international experience, to identify emerging practice, and to provide practical and applicable guidance for staff of central finance agencies, development agencies, environmental agencies, and international organizations working on climate change issues
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (46 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dávalos, María E Moldova: A Story of Upward Economic Mobility
    Abstract: During the early 2000s, Moldova experienced strong economic growth and poverty and inequality reductions. This paper aims at uncovering the patterns behind these poverty trends by looking at economic mobility and its associated factors in Moldov
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  • 39
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (43 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Brülhart, Marius More than Copper: Toward the Diversification and Stabilization of Zambian Exports
    Abstract: This paper analyzes Zambian export patterns using a new transaction-level trade data set for the period 1999-2011. The data show that, in international comparison, Zambian exports are exceptionally concentrated (on mining products). This relianc
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  • 40
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dasgupta, Susmita Facing the Hungry Tide: Climate Change, Livelihood Threats, and Household Responses in Coastal Bangladesh
    Abstract: This paper quantifies the impact of inundation risk and salinization on the family structure and economic welfare of coastal households in Bangladesh. These households are already on the "front line" of climate change, so their adaptation presag
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  • 41
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Lederman, Daniel Export Shocks and the Volatility of Returns to Schooling: Evidence from Twelve Latin American Economies
    Abstract: This paper builds on previous studies to uncover evidence suggesting that cyclical fluctuations in returns to schooling are determined by fluctuations in foreign demand, which tend to be positively correlated with returns to schooling. The effec
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  • 42
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (48 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Strand, Jon A "Delphi Exercise" as a Tool in Amazon Rainforest Valuation
    Abstract: The Amazon rainforest, the world's largest and most biodiverse, represents a global public good of which 15 percent has already been lost. The worldwide value of preserving the remaining forest is today unknown. A "Delphi" exercise was conducted
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  • 43
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Briceño-Garmendia, Cecilia Connectivity for Caribbean Countries: An Initial Assessment
    Abstract: Every discussion of the Caribbean states considers their characteristics as sea-locked countries, small economies, highly vulnerable to natural disasters, and a geographic platform that calls for regional cooperation and integration. The Caribbe
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Hinks, Tim Intentions to Return: Evidence from Romanian Migrants
    Abstract: Romania faces an acute population crisis with an aging workforce and an increased number of emigrants particularly from the young, highly educated/skilled population. This paper uses a new cross-sectional data set of Romanian emigrants to find w
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  • 45
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Financial Sector Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The report aims to assess the current market for movable assets based lending with respect to micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia. The sections of the report highlight the addressable demand for MSMEs and the current supply provided by various formal sources of financing in Indonesia. Traditionally, financial institutions have preferred lending against fixed asset collateral only. Using that as a starting point, the report seeks to identify the current challenges in lending against movable assets. It further extends the need for a greater financial infrastructure that can facilitate the ability of lenders to evaluate risks in movable assets based lending. This report delves into the lending challenges faced by MSMEs as well as the challenges that restrict greater supply of credit by financial institutions. It draws on data and insights based on discussions with over 70 financial institutions in Indonesia, and an understanding of the credit requirements of MSMEs - based on over 850 sample cases for quantitative data. These findings were further examined through in-depth qualitative discussions with 34 MSMEs spread across multiple regions in Indonesia. As the Indonesian economy follows a traditional model of providing credit based on fixed collateral, such as land and buildings, the study focuses on: (i) understanding the current credit demand that can be potentially addressed by movable assets to complement the traditional model, and (ii) the challenges that need to be addressed to facilitate the ensuing movable assets based lending
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Rural Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The Land Governance Assessment Framework (LGAF) is a diagnostic tool to assess the status of land governance at country level using a participatory process that draws systematically on existing evidence and local expertise rather than on outsiders. The analysis covers nine themes: land tenure recognition; rights to forest and common lands and rural land use regulations; urban land use, planning, and development; public land management; process for transfer of public land to private use; public provision of land information (land administration and information systems); land valuation and taxation; dispute resolution and review of institutional arrangements and policies. The assessment follows a scorecard approach and produces a matrix of policy priorities matrix. The LGAF process helps to establish a consensus on (i) gaps in existing evidence; (ii) areas for regulatory or institutional change, piloting of new approaches, and interventions to improve land governance on a broader scale (e.g. by strengthening land rights and improving their enforcement); and (iii) criteria to assess the effectiveness of these measures. This report presents the result for Karnataka
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Energy-Environment Review
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Diesel gensets contribute to emissions of fine particulate matter (PM), including black carbon, which derives from the incomplete combustion of diesel (as occurs in many diesel generating sets or gensets). Particulate matter is a predisposing factor for respiratory and cardiopulmonary disease leading to increased hospital visits and risk of premature death. Local health costs can have a greater impact in the short-run in densely populated urban centers such as Abuja and Lagos. Black carbon (BC) is the most strongly light-absorbing component of particulate matter and is the second largest warming agent after carbon dioxide. The emerging role of BC as a significant driver of global climate change is increasing attention on its mitigation efforts. In addition to the negative health and the climate effects of emissions, most gensets contribute significantly to noise pollution which further reduces the quality of life of users and non-users alike
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Global growth is projected to pick up to 3.4 percent in 2015 and 3.5 percent in 2016, propelled by highincome countries. Developing country growth will benefit from these tailwinds, with growth projected to increase from 4.8 percent in 2014 to 5.5 percent in 2016 broadly in line with potential. Global growth projections for 2014, however, have been marked down from 3.2 percent to 2.8 percent on account of the bumpy start this year, buffeted by poor weather in the United States, financial market turbulence and the conflict in Ukraine. The outlook for the East Asia and the Pacific region continues to reflect several counterbalancing factors, including domestic policy adjustment, volatile financing conditions, political crisis in Thailand, and sustained recovery in global demand for exports. Regional GDP growth is expected to slow down slightly to 7.0 percent by 2016, about 2 percentage points slower than the pre-crisis boom years but broadly in line with potential. Regional risks include volatility and eventual tightening of global financing conditions, possible setbacks in China s restructuring and a weaker contribution from net exports than assumed in the baseline. Potential escalation of regional political tensions presents additional risk to the outlook
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Education Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Uzbekistan is a lower middle-income country located in Central Asia with a population of 30 million people and an economy that has been growing by over 8 percent per annum since the mid-2000s. The composition of the workforce has also changed dramatically in recent years. The higher education system is characterized by low access and concerns about the quality and relevance of the skills of its graduates. A recent regional skills study concluded that Uzbekistan is experiencing a substantial shortage of university graduates. The internal management of the higher education system is fragmented, with different actors having overlapping responsibilities, thereby making it difficult to ensure system-wide accountability. In order to enable the Uzbek higher education system to serve the economy and student population well, the quality assurance system should be compliant with global best practices while remaining locally relevant. While reported overall state budget spending on education, at around 8 percent of GDP, is one of the highest in the world, the share of this spending on tertiary education, at around 0.4 percent of GDP, is one the lowest. In summary, Uzbekistan's higher education system needs to modernize to better adapt to needs of the country's economy. The report, having analyzed the sector in detail, proposes measures to modernize the higher education sector in Uzbekistan
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: IFC, a member of the World Bank Group, contributes to the World Bank mission of global poverty reduction by creating opportunities for people to improve their lives through private sector solutions. In Pakistan, IFC's strategy has focused on addressing the key challenges that affect private sector development, from investing in the infrastructure sector, including energy, to enhancing access to finance, with a view to improving the conditions for growth and employment generation. As part of its country program, IFC has focused on increasing access to finance for small and medium enterprises (SMEs), which are the backbone of Pakistan's economy as they constitute more than 90 percent of total private enterprises in the formal industrial sectors and employ over 70 percent of the labor force. Often these SMEs struggle to obtain the financing needed to grow and create jobs. For this reason, IFC has partnered with financial institutions to improve service provision to SMEs and stimulate economic development across the country. Since 2007, IFC has been engaged with HBL, Pakistan's largest private sector commercial bank, and provided financing to strengthen the bank's capital following its privatization, as well as advised on how to scale up the bank's SMEs portfolio in a sustainable manner. The objective of this study is to develop an understanding of the relationship between access to finance for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and job creation. IFC has analyzed a sample of more than 100 SMEs that obtained loans from its client, Habib Bank Ltd (HBL), in 2009 in Pakistan, at a challenging time for the country
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  • 51
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This paper provides an account of the Emerging Markets Corporate Governance Research Network (EMCGN) and its first 10 years of activities. The network was established under the auspices of the Global Corporate Governance Forum (now incorporated into IFC's Corporate Governance Group). The paper describes the history of the EMCGN and its objective (to stimulate research focused on corporate governance in emerging markets as well as transition and developing countries); its structure, which is a joint undertaking of corporate governance research centers and internationally recognized scholars, with IFC Corporate Governance acting as its catalyst; and its modalities: organizing workshops, holding biennial conferences, and disseminating and communicating research. The paper reviews the quantity and quality of EMCGN's output, based on objective research rankings, and its effects on countries in capacity building and policy changes and development, based on the experiences of participants and policymakers exposed to its work. Analysis of publication data shows that EMCGN has been successful in encouraging research on corporate governance in emerging markets in most areas of research identified as critical at the Network's inception and through its interactions with practitioners and policymakers. EMCGN also has been successful in stimulating collaborative research and facilitating dialogue between scholars and the larger corporate governance community. Its impact on policy and practice development, inherently difficult to pinpoint, seems to have been most effective when channeled through efforts of local corporate governance associations with professional members to influence relevant policymakers and when actively using media to communicate the need for key reforms
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  • 52
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Shared Prosperity through Inclusive Business: How Successful Companies Reach the Base of the Pyramid summarizes the practical lessons learned from IFC clients that successfully reach low-income people as suppliers or customers. There are lessons for each phase of the value chain-including procurement, product development, distribution and retail, and marketing and sales. The lessons-each of them illustrated with a profile of an IFC client-can also be adapted to the context of a particular sector or region
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This regular economic report records the economic activities of Armenia for the year 2013-2014. A decline in construction contributed to a significant weakening of economic growth in Armenia in 2013. The decline of the construction sector offset a dynamic expansion of industry, agriculture and services. The volume of merchandise exports rose by 7.2 percent, and net remittances exceeded 1.5 billion US dollars, a 15-percent increase over 2012. For a third year in a row, the execution of public capital spending was lower than budgeted. Tax revenues were in line with the budget because of improved tax administration, policy measures that expanded the tax base, and a one-off license fee paid by the fourth mobile phone operator. Armenia needs to further improve the business environment and competitiveness, and facilitate FDI and exports to create well-paying jobs. Some employees objected to the introduction of the new, funded pension system, and opposition parties appealed against some legal provisions in court. The government's medium-term reform agenda, supported by the ongoing Development Policy Operation supported by the World Bank reflects the priorities. It includes critical reforms to the business climate and public administration aimed at strengthening competitiveness and increasing public sector efficiency. These reforms are expected to create jobs by reducing the costs of doing business for firms, expanding access to credit to Small and medium enterprises (SMEs), and increasing opportunities for employment and job creation through increased trade and connectivity. The public administration reforms, which aim to strengthen resource management and policy formulation, will also facilitate more inclusive access to services as a result of more efficient use of resources and a sounder policy formulation framework. The government plans to call a Consultative Group Meeting to seek donors' support for upgrading the country's competitiveness and addressing the country's job creation agenda
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The ambition to reach full global financial inclusion requires that we address the challenge of delivering appropriate and affordable financial services to an estimated 2.5 billion unbanked individuals globally. One response to this challenge has involved the design of products such as microloans, low balance savings accounts, micro-insurance, and mobile money transfer that are specifically tailored to meet the needs of the often excluded low-income mass market. Delivering these products and services on a large scale, however, cannot be achieved without accessible channels that lower the cost of service and increase reach. Alternative delivery channels (ADC), defined as those channels that expand the reach of services beyond the traditional bank branch channel, have emerged as a result of innovations in information and communication technology and a shift in consumer expectations. This handbook serves as a tool for Financial Services Providers (FSPs) to increase the technical understanding of ADC platforms and to provide practical guidance on how to approach an ADC technology project. The handbook is structured as follows: 1) Chapter one provides an overview of ADCs and the technologies that underpin them; 2) Chapter two offers guidelines to develop a channel strategy, taking into account the internal and external factors that impact strategy decisions; 3) Chapter three outlines the different components of a technology platform, aiming to provide guidance on how the channel strategy can be mapped to a specific technology platform; 4) Chapter four highlights the importance of identifying requirements and outlines the steps involved in selecting the right provider and solution; and 5) Chapter five introduces a best-practice implementation methodology and key considerations for a successful implementation. In addition, the chapter discusses how a channel should be monitored, maintained and scaled up after going live
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Accounting and Auditing Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This assessment of accounting and auditing practices in Slovenia is part of a joint initiative of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) to prepare Reports on the Observance of Standards and Codes (ROSC). The assessment focuses on the strengths and weaknesses of the accounting and auditing environment that influence the quality of corporate financial reporting and includes a review of both mandatory requirements and actual practice. This is the second A&A ROSC for Slovenia and based on information collected in 2013, early 2014. The first one was published in 2004. As the requirements of the EU acquis communautaire and international standards have already been adopted in the financial sector this assessment focuses on the proper application of these requirements, with the view that improved financial information raises the capacity of regulators to maintain financial stability, and improve the level of trust in the financial system, in the context of an ongoing recapitalization exercise. In the State Owned Enterprises, or SOEs, the report focuses on the requirements applicable to them and how well these are enforced, as well as to what extent the government uses the financial reporting and audit process to monitor SOEs and hold their management teams accountable. This report also considers SMEs financial reporting, including how current requirements compare with the latest revisions to the EU Accounting Directive, which further simplified requirements for smaller companies. Finally, audit oversight and quality assurance systems are assessed, including the feasibility of incorporating the audit oversight body as part of the financial sector supervisor
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This white paper aims to create awareness - among stakeholders including policy makers, utilities, and regulators of the opportunities and challenges of the rooftop solar market. It focuses on implementation options, including public-private partnerships, and discusses practical issues related to planning and implementing rooftop solar initiatives. It discusses policy and technical issues that can help stakeholders make informed decisions, especially in terms of meeting local objectives. It presents how to involve rooftop owners and the private sector in developing the rooftop solar market while drawing on current international rooftop solar experience through case studies and interviews. It offers an overview of the nascent market in India, and specifically the Gujarat rooftop solar program. For more publications on IFC Sustainability please visit www.ifc.org/sustainabilitypublications
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (74 p)
    Series Statement: South Asia Economic Focus
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Gradual removal of stimulus policies continues as developed economies follow their expected path of slow but sustained recovery. After suffering from international portfolio rebalancing triggered by gradual removal of quantitative easing in the US announced in May 2013, India in particular and South Asia more broadly have managed to reduce external vulnerability. However, growth across the region continues to falter while formidable domestic challenges remain to be tackled. The overall short and medium term outlook for South Asia remains cautiously positive. External vulnerabilities are gradually giving way to domestic downside risks as primary concern for growth and macroeconomic stability. Hence, as previous regional economic updates have argued, any positive development in growth will depend on progress isolating domestic threats to and building buffers for macroeconomic stability, strengthening the investment climate, and removing infrastructure bottlenecks. Over the short and medium run, the economic fortunes of South Asian economies will depend in part on financial sector developments. In the short term the key question is how further monetary contraction in the US will affect them. Over the medium run it will be crucial to achieve more robust and efficient financial intermediation to ensure greater resilience to shocks and that resources are allocated to fund major remaining infrastructure gaps. This edition’s focus section attempts to answer the first question and sheds light on risks in the South Asian banking sector
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  • 58
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (11 p)
    Series Statement: Middle East and North Africa Quarterly Economic Brief
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: While the focus has been on the recent change in government in Egypt, five countries in the Middle East and North Africa Region, including Egypt, Tunisia, Lebanon, Jordan and Iran are facing a growth slowdown, rising fiscal deficits and debt, and high unemployment and inflation. Continued political turmoil in Egypt and spillovers from the civil war in Syria to Jordan and Lebanon threaten to make their economic situation worse. While easing political tensions in Tunisia and post-election improvements in Iran’s international relations may help these countries, the overall macroeconomic outlook in all five countries for the rest of 2013 is grim
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  • 59
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p)
    Series Statement: Middle East and North Africa Quarterly Economic Brief
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: This issue of the Quarterly Economic Brief looks at the actual growth performance of these countries and highlights the limitations of forecasting in the wake of the 2011 uprisings, at the consequences of the growth slowdown, including unemployment, where perceptions may diverge from reality. The story is told in fourteen charts
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (53 p)
    Series Statement: Africa's Pulse
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Africa’s Pulse is a biannual publication containing an analysis of the near-term macro-economic outlook for the region. It also includes a section focusing on a topic that represents a particular development challenges for the continent. It is produced by the Office of the Chief Economist for the Africa Region
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (49 p)
    Series Statement: Africa's Pulse
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Africa’s Pulse is a biannual publication containing an analysis of the near-term macro-economic outlook for the region. It also includes a section focusing on a topic that represents a particular development challenges for the continent. It is produced by the Office of the Chief Economist for the Africa Region.This issue is an analysis of issues shaping Africa's economic future. Growth remains stable in Sub-Saharan Africa. Some countries are seeing a slowdown, but the region's economic prospects remain broadly favorable. External risks of higher global financial market volatility and lower growth in emerging market economies weigh on the downside. In several Sub-Saharan African countries, large budgetary imbalances are a source of vulnerability to exogenous shocks and underscore the need for rebuilding fiscal buffers in these countries. The Ebola outbreak is exacting a heavy human and economic toll on affected countries and, if not rapidly contained, the risk of wider contagion grows. Without a scale-up of effective interventions, growth would slow markedly not only in the core countries (Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone), but also in the sub region as transportation, cross-border trade, and supply chains are severely disrupted. In Sub-Saharan Africa, growth in agriculture and services is more effective at reducing poverty than growth in industry. Structural transformation has a role to play in accelerating poverty reduction in Sub-Saharan Africa. Increasing agricultural productivity will be critical to fostering structural transformation. Boosting rural income diversification can facilitate this transformation, as well. Investments in rural public goods and services (for example, education, health, rural roads, electricity and ICT), including in small towns, will be conducive to lifting productivity in the rural economy. Although Sub-Saharan Africa's pattern of growth has largely bypassed manufacturing, growing the region's manufacturing base, especially by improving its fundamentals, lower transport cost, cheaper and more reliable power, and a more educated labor force, will benefit all sectors
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (48 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: En 2012, la region de America Latina y el Caribe (LAC) continuo su exitosa campana de reduccion de la pobreza y de aumento de la clase media. La reduccion de la pobreza estuvo acompanada de un fuerte crecimiento del ingreso entre el 40% mas pobre de la poblacion, siendo este el indicador de Prosperidad Compartida del Banco Mundial. Sin embargo, la reciente desaceleracion de la actividad economica y el estancamiento de la reduccion de la desigualdad sugieren que las ganancias sociales pueden enfrentar importantes desafios en el futuro. Dadas las futuras expectativas modestas, la estrategia para la reduccion de la pobreza en la region debe enfocarse en la implementacion de politicas que restablezcan el crecimiento y mantengan la estabilidad macroeconomica, al mismo tiempo que fortalezcan la participacion y contribucion al crecimiento por parte de los grupos mas desfavorecidos. En este informe se evalua el progreso en dos areas de politica publica relevantes: (1) la politica fiscal equitativa y (2) los avances en la creacion de igualdad de condiciones de manera que todos los ninos de America Latina y el Caribe tengan el mismo acceso a bienes y servicios basicos necesarios para que puedan disfrutar la vida que elijan. Haciendo uso de los resultados del proyecto Compromiso con la Equidad, el reporte muestra que la politica fiscal es todavia un mecanismo muy poco explotado en terminos de nivel e incidencia de los impuestos y gastos. El a?ndice de Oportunidades Humanas muestra que las oportunidades se estan expandiendo para los ninos en la region, si bien siguen existiendo importantes diferencias en acceso y calidad
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: Running a business involves continuous growth. Such growth can be organic, stemming from resources created internally in the enterprise. However, in many cases an external development strategy is adopted, based on acquisition of other entities. Such an acquisition may involve creation of a capital group, within which each of the companies maintains its separate legal personality. However, if a capital group is not the optimal form for the given business activity, acquisition of another entity may take form of a business combination. In such case, assets and liabilities of the acquire are directly incorporated into the books of the acquirer. The overriding principle of accounting regulation is primacy of economic substance over legal format. Pursuant to this principle, economic transactions must be recorded in the accounting records in accordance with their economic nature1. In order to determine properly the economic nature of a business combination, an analysis must be performed of economic impacts of such a combination. Economic consequences for merging entities are described in the provisions of commercial law
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  • 64
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: Detailed principles of accounting for financial instruments have been prescribed in Financial Instruments Regulation, but some general principles in that area have also been outlined in the Accounting Act. According to article 3, paragraph 1, point 23 of the accounting act, financial instrument is defined as any contract giving rise to financial assets of one entity and a financial liability or an equity instrument of another entity, on condition that the contract concluded by two or more parties clearly results in economic effects, irrespective of whether the execution of contractual rights or obligations in unconditional or conditional. Financial assets include: monetary assets (assets in the form of domestic currency, foreign currencies and foreign exchange instruments and other financial assets, in particular accrued interest on financial assets, equity instruments issued by other entities, and contractual right to receive monetary assets or to exchange financial instruments with another entity under favorable conditions. Equity instruments are defined as contracts which give right to assets of an entity which remain after satisfying or securing all its creditors, as well as an obligation of an entity to issue or deliver its own equity instruments, in particular shares, share options or warrants
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discusses fundamental issues in global development and the World Bank Group's role in helping countries and the private sector meet the greatest challenges in development. He speaks about the twin goals, to end extreme poverty by 2030 and to boost shared prosperity. Due to television, everyone knows how everyone else lives. We must not remain voluntarily blind to the impact of economic choices on the poor and vulnerable. He added that we must ensure that our economic progress does not irreparably compromise our children's future due to climate change. World Bank's lending capacity - or the amount of loans we can carry on our balance sheet -- will increase by USD 100 billion dollars in the next decade, to roughly USD 300 billion dollars. He concludes by saying that all parts of our global society must unite to translate the vision of a more just, sustainable economy into the resolute action. That will be our legacy to the future. Dr. Kim fielded questions
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  • 66
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discusses how the World Bank is focused on a prosperity that is shared by everyone, and to lift the billion or so people living in extreme poverty out of that condition so that they can have those things that everybody in the world seems to want. He speaks about the inequality in the economic growth of the countries around the world. He highlights the health care and education sectors as essential to improving lives in developing countries. He points to the fact that the time is now to think about positive ways of moving in a direction to grow economies and at the same time, increase the participation of everyone. He talks about how the World Bank Group is working very hard now to reduce bureaucratic processes so that people in the countries feel a difference. He speaks about climate change and the challenges involved in tackling it. He concludes by saying that they're looking at every possible way of investing in people, of spurring innovation
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discusses how to boost Latin America's growth. The region needs to increase productivity, spur innovation, and adapt its productive structure to changing circumstances which must become a national priority for all countries, independent of their political cycles and ideologies. Improving logistics and infrastructure, education, and the contractual environment are critical to advance development in the region. World Bank Group is working with the Haitian Government and the private sector to introduce best practices in public-private partnerships and to create opportunities for the Haitian people who have been waiting so long for them. He concludes by saying that providing disadvantaged children access to a quality education raises their productive capacity and enhances social inclusion through higher employability leading to higher growth and improved quality of life
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  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group discusses measured hope and optimism, to share a vision for a path forward, to a just and sustainable future in the Middle East and North Africa. He talks about a way forward to help not only Syria rebuild, but also to help Lebanon, Jordan, Turkey, and Iraq recover from the massive spillover effects of the war is to be supported by the principles of co-existence, tolerance, compromise, transparency, good governance, and inclusive economic growth. He talks about the need for improvement in quality of education. He talks about development that requiring a commitment to transparency on the part of governments, and well-informed citizens to hold governments accountable. He speaks about helping women overcome the multiple legal and cultural constraints that have kept their labor force participation in the region at 29 percent, the lowest in the world. He talks about the young people here and throughout the Arab world deserve a chance to grow up in a region that is focused on creating jobs, not on conflict-a region focused on inclusive growth, not on growth for just the elite. The region needs to invest in its people with strong education and health systems
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  • 69
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discusses the need for more trained health workers in the countries most-affected by Ebola, the Global Infrastructure Facility, and fight against cholera in Haiti. The World Bank Group is pledging USD 50 million to help improve access to safe water and sanitation for all Haitians, aimed at preventing waterborne diseases
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  • 70
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discusses two goals: to end extreme poverty by 2030 and to boost shared prosperity for the bottom 40 percent of the Population. These efforts require us fight against corruption in its many forms. He talks about the need to be alert, respond immediately when things go wrong, learn from the experience, and assure it doesn't happen again. He cautions about the lack of governance, which is a necessary condition for corruption to thrive. The challenge is to get the knowledge and tools to the right people at the right time, and to fully leverage opportunities for reform. World Bank, with support from Australia, Denmark and Norway, created the International Corruption Hunters Alliance to engage in what is happening at a multilateral level, to provide access to the latest anti-corruption tools and information, and to create the dialogue that drives our collective effort to beat corruption. He concludes by saying that the intersection with corruption and dirty money are undeniable, and the implications for sustainable, inclusive development are clear
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  • 71
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, focuses on economic policy as the key to mobilizing a coordinated global response to climate change. He talks about the need to confront climate change, without which there will be no hope of ending poverty or boosting shared prosperity. He adds that the longer the delay in tackling climate change, the higher the cost will be to do the right thing for our planet and our children. He affirms that from the Paris meeting we will make the rallying cry for effective management of local, national and global economies to fight climate change. The Paris agreement needs to speak as loudly of economic transformation as it does of pollution or carbon emissions targets. Carbon pricing that can raise revenues and can be used to generate more economic and social benefits. Specific efforts are needed to scale up renewable energy and develop carbon capture and sequestration technology, at a pace that will allow us to reach carbon neutrality by the end of the century. He concludes by saying that he will drive the World Bank Group and all its capabilities--financial, technical, and human--to support this development transition toward the goal of preserving our planet for all future generations
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discusses setting a clear target for growth. He is pleased with the focus on infrastructure. The World Bank, the Asian Development Bank, African Development Bank, and the Inter-American Development Bank plus others, together will supply about USD 100 billion in support for infrastructure. Kim fielded questions about the fight against Ebola, the proposal for a contingency fund to prevent future outbreaks, developing country expectations of the G20 summit, inequality, the Global Infrastructure Facility, and the China-US pact and climate change
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  • 73
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, emphasized that children learned better when we level the playing field at an early stage. He stressed the need for stronger basic education with immediate investment, and a focus on recruitment, grooming, and motivation of teachers. He concluded that we must sustain this momentum and use all available resources and evidence to make sure that every child is in school and learning
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER)
    Abstract: This report presents an analysis of the Early Childhood Development (ECD) subsector, including programs and policies that affect young children in the Republic of Kiribati. This was a collaborative effort between UNICEF and the World Bank Group; it combines the World Bank Group's Systems Approach for Better Education Results SABER-ECD framework, which includes analysis of early learningand child p, health, nutrition, and social rotection policies and interventions in Kiribati, along with regional and international comparisons, as well as the regionally developed UNICEF National Situational Analysis ECD, which takes a greater in-depth look at the following system components, which have been highlighted by the Pacific Region as priority components for quality Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) implementation: policy, legislation, and governance; human resources; curriculum, child assessment, and environment; performance monitoring and assessment; and community partnerships. In 2008, the Ministry of Education (MOE) drafted the Kiribati Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) Policy, which was formally endorsed by Cabinet in 2010. The ECCE policy, targeting ages three to five, calls ECCE a "national responsibility" with a mission "to culturally nurture young children in a loving and caring environment to enhance through interactive play the fullest potential of their physical, intellectual, social, emotional and spiritual growth in line with trends and development". This country report presents a framework to benchmark Kiribati's ECD system; each of the nine policy levers and five system components are examined in detail, and policy options to strengthen ECD are offered. This report is intended to serve as a first step for decision making within the government of Kiribati to improve the ECD system. Now that some areas in need of policy attention have been identified, the country can move forward in prioritizing policy options to promote healthy and robust development for all children during their early years
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  • 75
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER)
    Abstract: This report presents an assessment of school feeding policies and institutions that affect young children in Uganda. The analysis is based on a World Bank tool developed as part of the Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER) initiative that aims to systematically assess education systems against evidence based global standards and good practice to assist countries reform their education systems for proper learning for all. The overall objective of the initiative is to help countries design effective policies to improve their education systems, facilitate comparative policy analysis, identify key areas to focus investment, and assist in disseminating good practice
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  • 76
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: The purpose of this report on corporate financial reporting in Austria is to describe the key features of Austria's corporate financial reporting environment as well as its practical application in regard to small and medium enterprises (SMEs') financial reporting practices in Austria. This report builds on the World Bank accounting and auditing reports on standards and codes (ROSC) methodology to give an overview of the Austrian corporate financial reporting system. It selectively provides good practice examples that can give incentives to overcome impediments to financial reporting reform. Based on the findings of two surveys conducted among Austrian SMEs and Austrian financial institutions, the report focuses particularly on aspects relevant to SME financial reporting. This report forms part of the activities of the center for financial reporting reform (CFRR) within the road to Europe program of accounting reform and institutional strengthening (REPARIS), which also provided funding
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  • 77
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Agricultural Study
    Abstract: This sourcebook summarizes the outputs and lessons of the Livestock in Africa: improving data for better policies project. It aims to present the challenges facing professionals collecting and analyzing livestock data and statistics and possible solutions. While the Sourcebook does not address all conceivable issues related to enhancing livestock data and underlining statistical issues, it does represent a unique document for a number of reasons. To begin with, it is possibly the first document which specifically addresses the broad complexity of livestock data collection, taking into consideration the unique characteristics of the sector. Indeed, in most cases livestock data are dealt with, if ever, within the context of major agricultural initiatives. Second, the sourcebook is a joint product of users and suppliers of livestock data, with its overarching objective being to respond to the information needs of data users, and primarily the Ministries responsible for livestock in African countries and the National Statistical Authorities. Finally, the sourcebook represents a unique experiment of inter-institutional collaboration, which jointly places the World Bank, the FAO Animal Production and Health Division, the ILRI and the Africa Union, Interafrican Bureau for Animal Resources as well as national governments in Niger, Tanzania and Uganda at the forefront of data and statistical innovation for evidence-based livestock sector policies and investments. This sourcebook represents a first step towards a demand-driven and sustainable approach to enhance the livestock information available to decision makers. It is hoped it will provide a useable framework for significantly improving the quantity and quality of livestock data and statistics available to the public and private sector, and also increase the efficacy of investments that country governments and the international community allocate to generate information for livestock sector policies and investments
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Financial Sector Study
    Abstract: This study presents options for disaster risk financing in Brazil, drawing from international experience. The study presents a series of complementary options for disaster risk financing, based on a preliminary fiscal risk analysis and a preliminary review of the current budget management of natural disasters in Brazil. It benefits from the international experience of the World Bank, which has provided assistance to several countries on the design and implementation ofsovereign disaster risk financing strategies (e.g. Mexico, Colombia, Peru, Indonesia, Vietnam, Philippines, Pakistan and the Caribbean island states). This experience is tailored to the extensive risk profile and institutional, social and economic characteristics of Brazil, as well as to the availability of relevant data
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  • 79
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: The main objective of the study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of HIV and health financing needs, investment opportunities, and health system development in the context of the Government of Niger's HIV National Strategic Plan (NSP) 2013-17. The analysis provides support for HIV policy decision-making, investment scenarios and programmatic targeting and prioritization. In addition, the analysis helps Niger build the case for HIV and health impact investment including delivering estimates of health care savings as a result of these investments. The analysis was implemented by the World Bank in collaboration with UNAIDS from a request for analytical support from the Government of Niger. The study involved a desk review of HIV- and health-related evidence, epidemic trends and financial modeling. The Optima model (formerly Prevtool) was used to estimate optimal resource allocation during the NSP, and the impact and cost-effectiveness of past HIV investments. A financial commitment framework was used to estimate longer-term costs and savings of the HIV program and the fiscal dimension of HIV in Niger
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  • 80
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Debt Management Performance Assessment
    Abstract: In response to a request from the Government of Republic of Haiti, a World Bank mission team undertook a debt management performance assessment (DeMPA) mission to Port-au-Prince, Haiti between March 13 and 21, 2014. The mission comprised Zeinab Partow (Senior Economist, PRMED Team Leader, World Bank), Karen Bihr (Project Manager, UNCTAD, Implementing Partner), Mame Pierre Kamara (Consultant), Patrick van der Wansem (Consultant), Mamonjiarisoa Volatantely Randrianjanaka (World Bank and Ministry of Finance of Madagascar) and Evans Jadotte (Economist, LCSPE, World Bank). This report includes the results of the assessment. The mission met with officials at the Ministry of Economy and Finance, the Central Bank of Haiti, the Ministry of Planning and External Cooperation, the Supreme Audit Institution, the Prime Minister's Office, as well as with financial sector entities. The team wishes to sincerely thank the authorities for their collaboration and support of the mission team, for the rich and substantive discussions that took place, and for their hospitality
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  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (26 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Islam, Asif Entrepreneurship and the Allocation of Government Spending under Imperfect Markets
    Abstract: Previous studies have established a negative relationship between total government spending and entrepreneurship activity. However, the relationship between the composition of government spending and entrepreneurial activity has been woefully un
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  • 82
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (27 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Brockmeyer, Anne Public Sector Size and Performance Management: A Case-Study of Post-Revolution Tunisia
    Abstract: This paper examines public sector size and performance management in post-revolution Tunisia, drawing on macro-empirical, legal, and qualitative analyses. The paper first shows that public sector employment figures and the wage bill have increas
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  • 83
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (31 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Balcázar, Carlos Felipe Long-Run Effects of Democracy on Income Inequality: Evidence from Repeated Cross-Sections
    Abstract: This paper assesses the link between democracy and inequality. Inequality is measured at the cohort level with pseudo-panel data built from nine Latin American countries' household surveys (1995-2009, biannual). Democracy is measured as a stock
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  • 84
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This note is a part of a series of policy notes prepared by the World Bank in anticipation of a post-conflict transition in Yemen. These notes aim to identify immediate priorities for stabilization, recovery and restoration of services and infrastructure in the aftermath of Yemen's current conflict. A subset within these notes specifically focused on ways to restore service delivery in an inclusive manner immediately after conflict. As such, these notes examined short-to-medium-term institutional challenges facing the restoration and improvement of service across sectors. They focused on the immediate post-conflict priorities and challenges facing Energy, Water, Telecommunication, Education, Health, and Transport sectors in restoring services while also contributing to higher-level objectives of addressing systemic inequities and reinforcing trust in the state. These notes make practical suggestions to the Government of Yemen and international development partners to provide immediate post-conflict support to ensure empowerment, accountability, and better governance in service delivery. The current paper focuses specifically on steps required to restore Water services in a more inclusive manner immediately after the conflict ends Yemen
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  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Poverty Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This report summarizes the results of the PSIA and explains the three analyses used to determine the impact of the tax reform. The first analysis integrates data from administrative tax records with household statistics from the Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares (GEIH) conducted by the Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadastica (DANE) to correct for the problem of underrepresentation of high-income households that is typical of household surveys. The second analysis, which is based on consumption data from the Encuesta de Calidad de Vida (ENCV) also conducted by DANE, follows the LATAX micro-simulation technique and focuses on the effect of taxes on income distribution and on government revenues on the assumption that individuals' purchasing habits remain the same. The third analysis uses a general equilibrium model of the labor market to estimate the impact of the tax reforms on the labor market and on informality. The first analysis shows that the effects of Colombia's income tax reform serve the intended purpose of reducing income inequality. Results based on the constructed full income distribution, which uses administrative tax records and household survey data, indicate that the Gini coefficient decreases from 0.586 to 0.579. Considering that the average yearly reduction of the Gini coefficient in Latin America over the last 10 years was 0.51 percentage points, the estimated reduction in Colombia's Gini coefficient is not trivial. These results also demonstrate the importance of using the full income distribution to calculate true inequality in a country
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  • 86
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Rural Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The Land Governance Assessment Framework (LGAF) is a diagnostic tool to assess the status of land governance at country level using a participatory process that draws systematically on existing evidence and local expertise rather than on outsiders. The analysis covers nine themes: land tenure recognition; rights to forest and common lands and rural land use regulations; urban land use, planning, and development; public land management; process for transfer of public land to private use; public provision of land information (land administration and information systems); land valuation and taxation; dispute resolution and review of institutional arrangements and policies. The assessment follows a scorecard approach and produces a matrix of policy priorities matrix. The LGAF process helps to establish a consensus on (i) gaps in existing evidence; (ii) areas for regulatory or institutional change, piloting of new approaches, and interventions to improve land governance on a broader scale (e.g. by strengthening land rights and improving their enforcement); and (iii) criteria to assess the effectiveness of these measures. This report presents the result for Ukraine
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Rural Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The Land Governance Assessment Framework (LGAF) is a diagnostic tool to assess the status of land governance at country level using a participatory process that draws systematically on existing evidence and local expertise rather than on outsiders. The analysis covers nine themes: land tenure recognition; rights to forest and common lands and rural land use regulations; urban land use, planning, and development; public land management; process for transfer of public land to private use; public provision of land information (land administration and information systems); land valuation and taxation; dispute resolution and review of institutional arrangements and policies. The assessment follows a scorecard approach and produces a matrix of policy priorities matrix. The LGAF process helps to establish a consensus on (i) gaps in existing evidence; (ii) areas for regulatory or institutional change, piloting of new approaches, and interventions to improve land governance on a broader scale (e.g. by strengthening land rights and improving their enforcement); and (iii) criteria to assess the effectiveness of these measures. This report presents the result for West Bengal
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  • 88
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Rural Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The Land Governance Assessment Framework (LGAF) is a diagnostic tool to assess the status of land governance at country level using a participatory process that draws systematically on existing evidence and local expertise rather than on outsiders. The analysis covers nine themes: land tenure recognition; rights to forest and common lands and rural land use regulations; urban land use, planning, and development; public land management; process for transfer of public land to private use; public provision of land information (land administration and information systems); land valuation and taxation; dispute resolution and review of institutional arrangements and policies. The assessment follows a scorecard approach and produces a matrix of policy priorities matrix. The LGAF process helps to establish a consensus on (i) gaps in existing evidence; (ii) areas for regulatory or institutional change, piloting of new approaches, and interventions to improve land governance on a broader scale (e.g. by strengthening land rights and improving their enforcement); and (iii) criteria to assess the effectiveness of these measures. This report presents the result for Bihar
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Systematic Country Diagnostics
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Myanmar is going through a critical transformation in its development path - from isolation and fragmentation to openness and integration; and from pervasive state control, exclusion, and individual disengagement, to inclusion, participation, and empowerment. This dual shift is happening against a backdrop of broader political reforms that started in 2011 when a new administration took office. The country's transition after the planned elections in 2015 will be a major test of the progress on political reforms. There remain risks of political instability, policy discontinuity, and stalled reforms due to vested interests
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Evidence on the impacts of many teacher policies remains insufficient and scattered, and the impact of many reforms depends on specific design features. In addition, teacher policies can have very different impacts, depending on the context and other education policies in place. A new tool, systems approach for better education results (SABER) - teachers, aims to help fill the gap by collecting, analyzing, synthesizing, and disseminating comprehensive information on teacher policies in primary- and secondary-education systems around the world. SABER - teachers collects data on 10 core teacher policy areas to offer a comprehensive, descriptive overview of the teacher policies that are in place in each participating education system. To offer informed policy guidance, SABER - teachers analyzes the information collected to assess the extent to which the teacher policies of an education system are aligned with policies shown by research evidence to have a positive effect on student achievement. This report presents results of the application of SABER - teachers in Mozambique. It describes Mozambique's performance for each of the eight teacher policy goals, alongside comparative information from education systems that have consistently scored high results in international student achievement tests and have participated in SABER - teachers
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Senegal is located in the Sahel region of West Africa. Between 1970 and 2000, the country suffered prolonged droughts that contributed to rural exodus. Communities in these peri-urban areas, already among the poorest in the country, are the most vulnerable to episodes of heavy rainfall and subsequent flooding. The impact of floods in this situation of uncontrolled urban growth is exacerbated by the lack of a functional storm water drainage system, ineffective land-use policies and non-compliance with the urban planning and development master plan. The negative impact of flooding during the first decade of this century, especially those of 2005, 2009 and 2012, continue to be reflected in existing socio-economic conditions. The World Bank's Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR), the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) and the European Union (EU) are collaborating on a guide for Disaster Recovery Framework (DRF). This guide aims to help governments and partners plan for resilient post disaster recovery while contributing to longer-term sustainable development. It is based on practices gleaned from country experiences in disaster recovery around the world. Following the 2009 floods, the Government of Senegal elaborated its first recovery plan after a post-disaster needs assessment (PDNA) was conducted with the support of the international community. This case study thus uses the 2009 exercise as the point of departure for examining Senegal's policies for recovery and prevention of urban floods
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  • 92
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Violence against women is increasingly being recognized as an urgent public health priority and a significant human rights concern, as well as a major threat to social and economic development. Globally, an estimated 20 percent of all women will face some form of violence during their lifetime, including emotional coercion, physical violence, and sexual violence. The overall objective of the impact evaluation is to identify low-cost and scalable interventions, which demonstrate improvements in social, psychological, and economic functioning of sexual violence survivors in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). To this end, the authors conducted an impact evaluation of a village savings and loans association (VSLA) program to understand its impact on economic, social, and psychological outcomes for a sample of female sexual violence survivors. The impact evaluation had four components: (1) a qualitative needs assessment; (2) a quantitative baseline assessment; (3) a qualitative post-program assessment; and (4) a quantitative post-program assessment. This report presents a brief description of components 1 and 2 and then a full description of the method and results of the impact evaluation focusing on components 3 and 4. In terms of improving the psychological, social, and economic well-being of survivors of sexual violence, this study shows important results in some of the social and economic outcomes, but fewer results than expected for psychological outcomes. One recommendation from these results will be to explore the idea of pairing VSLA with other interventions to work more specifically on the certain outcomes that VSLA may not change on its own
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: SABER-Student Assessment is a component of the SABER program that focuses specifically on benchmarking studentassessment policies and systems. The goal of SABER-Student Assessment is to promote stronger assessment systems that contribute to improved education quality and learning for all. Jordan has focused on increasing student learning outcomes by improving the quality of education in the country. An effective student assessment system is an important component to improving education quality and learning outcomesas it provides the necessary information to meet stakeholders' decision-making needs. In order to gain a better understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of its existing assessment system, Jordan decided to benchmark this system using standardized tools developed under the World Bank's Systems Approach for Better Education Results(SABER) program. SABER is an evidence-based program to help countries systematically examine and strengthen the performance of different aspects of their education systems. The SABER-Student Assessment framework is built on the available evidence base for what an effective assessment system looks like. The framework provides guidance on how countries can build more effective student assessment systems. The framework is structured around two main dimensions of assessment systems: the types/purposes of assessment activitiesand the quality of those activities. The key policy areas for this student assessment status are as follows: (i) Classroom Assessment; (ii) Examinations; (iii) National Large-Scale Assessment (NLSA); and (iv) International Large-Scale Assessment (ILSA)
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This report addresses the insolvency of natural persons following this structure: a first part introduces the objectives and nature of the report, deals with general issues, and describes the foundations of a system for the treatment of the insolvency of natural persons. The second part of the report analyzes the core legal attributes of system for the treatment of the insolvency of natural persons: within this system, the most relevant questions are analyzed in depth, namely the design of the system and the institutional framework, access to the system, the participation of creditors, the solutions to the insolvency process, and discharge. The main objective of this report is to provide guidance on the characteristics of an effective insolvency regime for natural persons and on the opportunities and challenges encountered in the development of such a regime. In this regard, the report raises awareness about the importance of a regime for the treatment of the insolvency of natural persons, and explores the advantages and disadvantages of the solutions to the numerous practical issues that have to be confronted in the design of an insolvency regime for natural persons
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  • 95
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Water and Sanitation Program
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This study explores the potential of prepaid meters for serving urban poor communities. It provides urban utilities, oversight agencies, and other stakeholders in Africa with a basis for decision-making on the suitability, introduction, and management of such meters. The need for the assessment emerged from prepaid meters increasingly being utilized by water and sanitation utilities in developing countries, including World Bank clients. The technologies adopted have expanded over this period, but there has been a lack of consolidated data and analysis that capture the service delivery, operational efficiency, and access to services aspects of such systems across utilities and regions systematically. The review initially aimed to research experiences in six African countries from the perspective of their communities, as well as from water sector bodies, governments, and other investors. The number of case studies was increased to eight with the addition of Windhoek in Namibia and Nakuru in Kenya, as it became apparent that they may offer additional lessons. Windhoek, for example, is one of the prepaid water pioneers in Africa. The study specifically canvased the perspectives of customers, including market research and opinion surveys on people s experience and views of prepaid water in practice. Women and children were well represented in many of these groups. The analysis aimed to be robustly investigative, deliberately not advocating for prepaid systems in principle, or making firm recommendations, but rather offering balanced analysis and assessment, and considerations to inform policymakers and sector leaders, as well as other stakeholders who may face decisions or challenges on such systems. One of the key conceptual bases that the analysis identified was the need to differentiate between prepaid applications of prepaid system for standpipes, individual connections, and institutional and commercial customers each of which have different implications for their users, as well as for cost effectiveness. Utilities must be able to justify the investment in a prepayment system and its opportunity costs specific to the application they choose, and relative to alternative means of improving services
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: International Finance Corporation (IFC), a member of the World Bank Group, creates opportunity for people to escape poverty and improve their lives. The Indonesia Corporate Governance Manual (CG Manual) was commissioned by IFC as part of the Indonesia Corporate Governance Program that IFC is implementing in Indonesia since 2012. As part of this Program, IFC has established a formal cooperation with Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK). A key product of this cooperation between IFC and OJK is the development of this Indonesia Corporate Governance Manual, which serves as a learning instrument to benchmark existing standards and practices in Indonesia with internationally recognized best practices. In this respect, this Corporate Governance Manual should be considered as a major tool for Corporate Governance in Indonesia as it targets a wide spectrum of stakeholders, such as directors and commissioners, academics, policymakers, corporate governance experts and more generally, individuals and institutions interested to know about the corporate governance framework in Indonesia. IFC is happy to be part of this initiative with OJK and remains committed to helping raise governance standards across the market and contribute to a sustainable private sector in Indonesia. The Fifteen chapters of the Manual focus on the key corporate governance issues. All issues are closely examined through Indonesian law and regulations and when applicable, internationally recognized best practices. While it is recommended to read the entire Manual to gain a full understanding of the corporate governance framework in Indonesia, it is not necessary to read all the chapters in chronological order. The reader is encouraged to begin with a topic of interest and follow the links and references included in the text for guidance to other chapters. Examples, illustrations, and checklists are included to make the Manual clear and useful
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  • 97
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This publication lends itself to careful perusal as well as quick reference. An executive summary enumerates the main points, and callouts in the main text summarize the key messages of individual pages. The report provides an in-depth discussion and further detail, and text boxes, figures, and quotes add enriching perspectives. The two appendixes offer: 1) Basel Committee guidance on the governance of bank subsidiaries, and 2) a selection of recommendations from a past International Finance Corporation (IFC) publication on governance of banks in Southeastern Europe. Finally, the list of references consulted during preparation of this publication may be useful for pursuing a deeper understanding of the issues. It is important to note that this publication reflects the views of bankers, regulators, and others on a deeply complex and complicated issue and is not intended to be a comprehensive or even complete evaluation of the issues explored. For more publications on IFC Sustainability please visit www.ifc.org/sustainabilitypublications
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  • 98
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Capital markets have been a source of funding for green investments for a number of years, but until recently, financing was predominantly from equity. Private equity, venture capital, and government funding were the most accessible sources of capital when green technologies such as solar and wind were in early stages of development. More recently, as these technologies have been tested, proven, and refined, funders have naturally progressed along the capital structure towards public equity and debt financing to support growth and scale. At the same time, leading financial institutions have provided impetus for expanded green investing. International Finance Corporation (IFC) and the Kellogg School of Management have collaborated to author this paper which attempts to cover the bounty of credit tools available for harvesting by issuers and sponsors, with the aim of attracting new investments to green industry. This paper is the first in a series to proffer avenues to enhance the financial environment towards addressing this gap. This paper presents a brief overview of efforts that can circumvent these barriers by introducing a mix of innovative products to attract different kinds of fixed income investors and draw more private capital into funding green technologies
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Financial Sector Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This study investigates the state of the electronic (e) and mobile (m)-commerce sector in Vietnam and its impact on the development of cashless payments and online financial services. The e- and m-commerce sector in Vietnam is growing organically. Although still immature and small in volume, advances in the region suggest that the sector will continue to expand and that investment is increasing in startups involved in payments, FinTech, third party logistics, and software aiming to support development. Vietnam has one of the fastest growing economies globally and the World Bank estimates that its GDP per capital will double in the next decade. It is one of the most populous countries in South East Asia with a majority of its inhabitants under 30. The rest of this document is structured as follows: Section two provides a short overview of the research conducted with end users and clients of e- and m-commerce firms; Section three describes the company survey methodology and the survey population of e-and m-commerce and support service firms; Section four presents the results from the survey including findings about payment acceptance and usage by e-and m-commerce firms and their clients as well as the business of payments and related services and logistics providers supporting the industry in Vietnam; and Section five provides key conclusions. The Annex to this report contains information about the surveyed companies, questionnaires and a snap shot of the front running firms and investors that are active in this market segment
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Accounting and Auditing Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The auditing profession in Chad is characterized by the existence of numerous practitioners who provide accounting and auditing services illegally, in violation of community regulations, and whose qualifications often do not meet the international standards. To date, Chad has not yet set up a national association of chartered accountants. One of the most pressing areas in transposing community texts relates to the establishment of a national association of chartered accountants, whose existence is essential for the development and practice of the accountancy profession in Chad. It is also important for consolidating accounting and auditing processes, improving the quality of financial reporting, facilitating access to credit and supporting foreign direct investors, as well as improving the competitiveness of national businesses. With regard to the accounting standards, the Uniform Act (UA) organizing and harmonizing accounting systems for businesses, as well as the accounting chart of accounts and the provisions put in place by the Commission Bancaire d'Afrique Centrale (COBAC) and the Conference Interafricaine des Marches d'Assurances (CIMA) code, there has been very little change since their entry into force towards the end of the 1990s. This is due to shortcomings in the functioning of the regional bodies in charge of ensuring that these texts were updated in line with changes in the accounting, economic, and legal fields. Looking ahead, the major areas of focus in seeking to strengthen the legal and regulatory framework governing accountancy and auditing professions in Chad are the following: (i) the reclassification of CEMAC licensed accounting technicians in Chad in the category of public accountants, in accordance with community regulations, (ii) the establishment of a national association of chartered accountants, (iii) the proper functioning of the national accounting standards commission, (iv) the adoption of auditing professional standards and a code of ethics in line with those established by International Federation of Accountants, or IFAC independent standard-setting board, (v) the strengthening of initial training through the improvement of the quality of the national curriculum and by drafting a continuous professional training plan, and (iv) the capacity building of the Court of Accounts to enable it implement INTOSAI auditing standards in order to ensure proper supervision of public enterprises
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