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  • 1
    Article
    Article
    No punishment without law (2022)
    Associated volumes
    In:  Elgar encyclopedia of human rights ; Volume 3: Entries I-O (2022), Seite 550-556 | year:2022 | pages:550-556
    Details
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Elgar encyclopedia of human rights ; Volume 3: Entries I-O
    Publ. der Quelle: Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2022), Seite 550-556
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2022
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:550-556
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    Article
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Promoting Handwashing and Sanitation : Evidence from a Large-Scale Randomized Trial in Rural Tanzania (2014)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Briceño, Bertha Promoting Handwashing and Sanitation: Evidence from a Large-Scale Randomized Trial in Rural Tanzania
    Abstract: The association between hygiene, sanitation, and health is well documented, yet thousands of children die each year from exposure to contaminated fecal matter. At the same time, evidence on the effectiveness of at-scale behavior change intervent
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7164
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    L' evaluation d'impact en pratique (2011)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9780821395868
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (252 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank Training Series
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Ce manuel constitue une introduction accessible a l'evaluation d'impact et a sa pratique dans le domaine du developpement. Il est principalement destine aux professionnels du developpement et aux decideurs, mais peut egalement etre utile aux etudiants et a toute personne interessee a l'evaluation d'impact. Les evaluations d'impact prospectives visent a determiner si un programme a atteint ou non les resultats esperes ou a tester differentes strategies pour atteindre ces resultats. Ce rapport considere qu'une augmentation du nombre d'evaluations et une amelioration de leur qualite permettront de renforcer l'ensemble des preuves existantes au sujet de l'efficacite des politiques et programmes de developpement dans le monde. L'espoir est que les gouvernements et les professionnels du developpement puissent prendre des decisions fondees sur des resultats eprouves, tels que les preuves generees par les evaluations d'impact, de maniere a rendre plus efficace l'utilisation des ressources pour reduire la pauvrete et ameliorer le bien-etre des populations. Les trois parties du manuel constituent une introduction non technique a l'evaluation d'impact. Elles decrivent ce qu'il convient d'evaluer et pourquoi (partie 1) ; exposent des methodes d'evaluation (partie 2) ; et indiquent comment mettre en cuvre une evaluation (partie 3). Ces etapes constituent des elements essentiels a la realisation d'une evaluation d'impact. L'approche de l'evaluation d'impact dans ce manuel est largement intuitive et essaie de minimiser les aspects techniques. Ce rapport presente au lecteur une gamme d'outils d'evaluation d'impact et illustre leur application a de reels programmes de developpement
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-8752-8
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Rewarding Provider Performance to Enable a Healthy Start to Life : Evidence from Argentina's Plan Nacer (2014)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (37 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Gertler, Paul Rewarding Provider Performance to Enable a Healthy Start to Life
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6884
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Investing cash transfers to raise long term living standards (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3994
    Parallel Title: Gertler, Paul Investing cash transfers to raise long term living standards
    Keywords: Transfer payments ; Transfer payments ; Mexico Rural conditions ; Mexico Rural conditions
    Abstract: "The authors test whether poor households use cash transfers to invest in income generating activities that they otherwise would not have been able to do. Using data from a controlled randomized experiment, they find that transfers from the Oportunidades program to households in rural Mexico resulted in increased investment in micro-enterprise and agricultural activities. For each peso transferred, beneficiary households used 88 cents to purchase consumption goods and services, and invested the rest. The investments improved the household's ability to generate income with an estimated rate of return of 17.55 percent, suggesting that these households were both liquidity and credit constrained. By investing transfers to raise income, beneficiary households were able to increase their consumption by 34 percent after five and a half years in the program. The results suggest that cash transfers to the poor may raise long-term living standards, which are maintained after program benefits end. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/21/2006 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Employment Generation in Rural Africa : Mid-Term Results from an Experimental Evaluation of the Youth Opportunities Program in Northern Uganda (2011)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Social Protection and Labor Discussion Papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Can cash transfers promote employment and reduce poverty in rural Africa? Will lower youth unemployment and poverty reduce the risk of social instability? The authors experimentally evaluate one of Uganda's largest development programs, which provided thousands of young people nearly unconditional, unsupervised cash transfers to pay for vocational training, tools, and business start-up costs. Mid-term results after two years suggest four main findings. First, despite a lack of central monitoring and accountability, most youth invest the transfer in vocational skills and tools. Second, the economic impacts of the transfer are large: hours of non-household employment double and cash earnings increase by nearly 50 percent relative to the control group. The authors estimate the transfer yields a real annual return on capital of 35 percent on average. Third, the evidence suggests that poor access to credit is a major reason youth cannot start these vocations in the absence of aid. Much of the heterogeneity in impacts is unexplained, however, and is unrelated to conventional economic measures of ability, suggesting we have much to learn about the determinants of entrepreneurship. Finally, these economic gains result in modest improvements in social stability. Measures of social cohesion and community support improve mildly, by roughly 5 to 10 percent, especially among males, most likely because the youth becomes a net giver rather than a net taker in his kin and community network. Most strikingly, we see a 50 percent fall in interpersonal aggression and disputes among males, but a 50 percent increase among females. Neither change seems related to economic performance nor does social cohesion a puzzle to be explored in the next phase of the study. These results suggest that increasing access to credit and capital could stimulate employment growth in rural Africa. In particular, unconditional and unsupervised cash transfers may be a more effective and cost-efficient forming of large-scale aid than commonly believed. A second stage of data collection in 2012 will collect longitudinal economic impacts, additional data on political violence and behavior, and explore alternative theoretical mechanisms
    DOI: 10.1596/26827
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    La evaluacion de impacto en la practica (2011)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9780821395851
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (252 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank Training Series
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Este libro pretende ser una introduccion accesible al tema de la evaluacion de impacto y a como aplicarla al ambito del desarrollo. Este tipo de evaluaciones sirve para determinar si un programa ha logrado o no los resultados previstos, y para explorar si existen estrategias alternativas con las que alcanzar mejor dichos resultados. El manual, que ofrece una introduccion no tecnica al tema, esta estructurado en tres partes: en la primera se explica que significa evaluar el impacto de los programas de desarrollo y por que es importante; la segunda parte se centra en como evaluar; en la tercera parte se aborda la cuestion de como implementar una evaluacion. Estos elementos constituyen los elementos basicos necesarios para llevar a cabo una evaluacion de impacto. La intencion es aproximarse al tema principalmente a partir de la intuicion, por lo que se ha minimizado la terminologia tecnica. Se ofrece al lector una serie de herramientas basicas de evaluacion (los conceptos y los metodos fundamentales) y se analiza su aplicacion a programas de desarrollo del mundo real
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-8681-1
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Preschool and child development under extreme poverty : evidence from a randomized experiment in rural Mozambique (2017)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Education Global Practice Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8290
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Martinez, Sebastian Preschool and Child Development under Extreme Poverty: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment in Rural Mozambique
    Keywords: Frühkindliche Bildung ; Humankapital ; Armut ; Mosambik ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This study analyzed the impact of a community-based preschool program on child development and schooling outcomes in high-poverty areas of rural Mozambique. Preschools were randomly assigned to 30 of 76 eligible communities. Using a panel survey of 2,000 households with preschool aged children, the study found that children who attended preschool experienced gains in cognitive development, communication, fine motor skills, and socio-emotional skills, scoring 0.33 standard deviations higher on a child development screening test. Preschoolers were 21 percentage points more likely to be enrolled in primary school, 14.9 percentage points more likely to enroll at the appropriate age, and had higher cognitive and communication scores in first grade. Treatment effects were generally larger for children from vulnerable households, those with higher initial development levels, and those with longer exposure to treatment. The preschool intervention also generated positive spillovers by increasing the school enrollment of older siblings and labor supply of adult caregivers. At a cost of approximately USD 3 per child per month, community-led preschools have the potential to be a cost-effective policy option for helping children meet their development potential even in the most resource deprived parts of the world
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8290
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Housing, Health, And Happiness (2007)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (36 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Titiunik, Rocio Housing, Health, And Happiness
    Keywords: Aged ; Child Development ; Children ; Depression ; Families ; Health ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health Outcomes ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Implementation ; Injuries ; Intervention ; Iron ; Mental ; Mental Health ; Paras ; Aged ; Child Development ; Children ; Depression ; Families ; Health ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health Outcomes ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Implementation ; Injuries ; Intervention ; Iron ; Mental ; Mental Health ; Paras ; Aged ; Child Development ; Children ; Depression ; Families ; Health ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health Outcomes ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Implementation ; Injuries ; Intervention ; Iron ; Mental ; Mental Health ; Paras
    Abstract: Despite the importance of housing for people's well-being, there has been little work done to assess the causal impact of housing and housing improvement programs on health and welfare. In this paper the authors help fill this gap by investigating the impact of a large-scale effort by the Mexican government to replace dirt floors with cement floors on child health and adult happiness. They find that replacing dirt floors with cement floors significantly reduces parasitic infestations in young children, reduces diarrhea, reduces anemia, and improves cognitive development. Finally, they also find that this program leave adults substantially better off, as measured by satisfaction with their housing and quality of life and by their significantly lower rates of depression and perceived stress
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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