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  • 2005-2009  (4,863)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (3,979)
  • Oxford : Oxford University Press
  • Paris : OECD Publishing.
Years
Year
  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Language: English
    Series Statement: Oxford books for BTEC national awards
    DDC: 302.35024658
    Keywords: Organization
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  • 2
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | New York, NY [u.a.] : Macmillan | Washington DC [u.a.] : Assoc. | Chicago, Ill. : Univ. of Chicago Press ; 1.1895/96 -
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    ISSN: 0002-8762 , 1937-5239 , 1937-5239
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1895/96 -
    Additional Information: Beil. American Historical Association Recently published articles
    Additional Information: Index 1895/1945=1944,1 von American Historical Association Annual report of the American Historical Association Washington, DC : Smithsonian Inst. Press, 1889 0065-8561
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The American historical review
    DDC: 050
    RVK:
    Keywords: History Periodicals ; United States Periodicals History ; Zeitschrift ; Weltgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; USA ; Geschichte ; Amerika ; Geschichte
    Note: Repr.: Nendeln : Kraus
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  • 3
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Macmillan | Washington DC [u.a.] : Assoc. | Chicago, Ill. : Univ. of Chicago Press | Oxford : Oxford University Press ; 1.1895/96 -
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    ISSN: 0002-8762 , 1937-5239 , 1937-5239
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1895/96 -
    Additional Information: Beil. American Historical Association Recently published articles
    Additional Information: Index 1895/1945=1944,1 von American Historical Association Annual report of the American Historical Association
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. The American historical review
    RVK:
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Weltgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; USA ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Repr.: Nendeln : Kraus
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  • 4
    Language: English
    Series Statement: Oxford handbooks in religion and theology
    Keywords: Cults ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Neue Religion
    Note: Band 2 herausgegeben von James R. Lewis und Inga B. Tøllefsen , Teilweise mit dem Gesamttitel Oxford handbooks in religion and theology erschienen
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  • 5
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Fairfax, Va. : George Mason Univ. ; 40.2006/07 -
    ISSN: 0022-4529 , 1527-1897
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 40.2006/07 -
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Journal of social history
    Former Title: Vorg.: Journal of social history
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Sozialgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Sozialgeschichte ; Zeitschrift
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  • 6
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Zug : Inter Documentation Co. | London : Oxford University Press ; 1.1968 -
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1968 -
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 7
    Media Combination
    Media Combination
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
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    Language: English
    Pages: Medienkombination
    Series Statement: Oxford intensive English courses
    DDC: 428.24
    Keywords: English language
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  • 8
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Milton Keynes : open University ; 1.1995 -
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1995 -
    DDC: 910
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 9
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Fairfax, Va. : George Mason Univ. ; 40.2006/07 -
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    ISSN: 0022-4529 , ISSN 1527-1897
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 40.2006/07 -
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Journal of social history
    Former Title: Vorg. Journal of social history
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Sozialgeschichte
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    London : Longmans, Green and Co. | Oxford : Oxford University Press ; 1.1886 -
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    ISSN: 1477-4534 , 0013-8266 , 0013-8266
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1886 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The English historical review
    Former Title: The english historical review online
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Großbritannien ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation
    Note: Gesehen am 01.04.13
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press ; 1.1994 -
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    ISSN: 1468-2893 , 1072-4745 , 1072-4745
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1994 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Social politics
    Keywords: Sozialpolitik ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    London : Arnold | [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Sage | Oxford : Oxford University Press ; 1.1984 -
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    ISSN: 1477-089X , 0266-3554 , 0266-3554
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1984 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als German history
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Geschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Deutschland ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation
    Note: Gesehen am 01. Februar 2017
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  • 13
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Fairfax, Va. : George Mason Univ. ; 40.2006/07 -
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    ISSN: 0022-4529 , 1527-1897
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 40.2006/07 -
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Journal of social history
    Former Title: Vorg. Journal of social history
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Sozialgeschichte
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  • 14
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Oxford : Oxford Univ. Press | Guildford : Butterworth | Cambridge : Cambridge Univ. Press | Oxford : Blackwell | Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell ; 10.1931 -
    ISSN: 0020-5850 , 1468-2346 , 1468-2346
    Language: English
    Pages: 25 cm
    Dates of Publication: 10.1931 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als International affairs
    Former Title: Vorg. Royal Institute of International Affairs Journal of the Royal Institute of International Affairs
    Former Title: International affairs review supplement
    DDC: 320
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationale Beziehungen ; Welt ; Zeitschrift ; Internationale Politik
    Note: Repr.: Folkestone : Dawson , Beteil. Körp. 10.1931 - 80.2004,4: Royal Institute of International Affairs, London , Ersch. zweimonatl., bis 78.2002 vierteljährl.; 79.2003 - 81.2005 5x jährl.
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Pittsburgh, Pa. : Carnegie Mellon Univ. Press ; 1.1967/68 -
    ISSN: 1527-1897 , 0022-4529 , 0022-4529
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1967/68 -
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. 1.1967/68 - 39.2005/06 Journal of social history
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. ab 40.2006/07 Journal of social history, societies & cultures
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Sozialgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Sozialgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Sozialgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Sozialgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation
    Note: Gesehen am 19.03.15
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press ; 1.1988 -
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    ISSN: 1471-6925 , 0951-6328 , 0951-6328
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1988 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Journal of refugee studies
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Flüchtling
    Note: Gesehen am 31.01.05
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Bloomington, Ind. : OAH ; 51.1964/65 -
    ISSN: 1945-2314 , 0021-8723
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 51.1964/65 -
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. The journal of American history
    Former Title: Vorg.: Mississippi Valley historical review
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Geschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; USA ; USA ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; USA ; Geschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; USA ; Geschichte ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Gesehen am 19.02.2021
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264088122
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 p.)
    Series Statement: IEA Technology Roadmaps
    Keywords: Carbon dioxide capture and storage ; Energietechnik ; Finanzierung ; Gesetz ; Entwicklung ; Tendenz ; Szenario ; Reduktion ; Rückgang ; Kohlendioxid ; Internationale Kooperation ; Umweltpolitik ; Global Kohlendioxid-Abscheidung und -Lagerung ; Energietechnik ; Finanzierung ; Rechtliche Regelung ; Entwicklungsperspektive und -tendenz ; Szenario ; Reduzierung/Rückgang ; Kohlendioxid ; Internationale umweltpolitische Zusammenarbeit ; Energy ; Erde
    Abstract: This energy technology roadmap on carbon capture and storage (CCS) identifies, for the first time, a detailed scenario for the technology’s growth from a handful of large-scale projects today to over three thousand projects by 2050. It finds that the next decade is a key “make or break” period for CCS; governments, industry and public stakeholders must act rapidly to demonstrate CCS at scale around the world in a variety of settings. The roadmap concludes with a set of near-term actions that stakeholders will need to take to achieve the roadmap’s vision.
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  • 19
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.660
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le secteur financier peut-il rester le principal moteur de la croissance au Luxembourg?
    Keywords: Economics ; Luxembourg
    Abstract: The financial sector has emerged as the main economic engine over the past two decades. The comparative advantages of placing financial activities in Luxembourg have mostly been in terms of an adaptive legislative and regulatory framework and low taxation. As a result, Luxembourg is today one of the main international centres for investment funds. Besides the sector’s direct and indirect employment effects, the most important effect is the large tax revenue generating capacity of the sector, accounting directly for over 20% of aggregate tax revenues. On the other hand, these tax revenues are volatile as the sector is highly sensitive to developments in international financial markets. Indeed, past downturns in international financial markets have tended to lead to a sharp slowdown of growth in the economy as well as in revenues, pointing to potential large risks associated with the current turmoil in international financial markets. Besides these short-term considerations, a lower trend growth rate of the sector is likely over the medium term. The main activities of the sector are in middle and back offices dealing with financial administration which, with new IT technologies, will tend to be increasingly outsourced. At the same time, the sector is having problems in attracting highly specialised talent to enter higher value front office activities. Over the longer term, international competition will continue to exert pressures that may eventually erode Luxembourg’s position. The extent of the decline in the sector’s trend growth depends on the ability to maintain and expand the attractiveness of investing and working in Luxembourg. Achieving this will depend on being able to adjust tax, infrastructure, and housing policies to attract foreign talent while updating and increasing the transparency of financial sector regulation.
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 36 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.157
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The focus of this paper is to provide an overview of developments in broadband power line technologies and related policy issues. The electric power grid is a hostile environment for high-speed data transmission, but after years of development, the technology to deliver high-speed data over the existing electric power delivery network has emerged, somewhat tentatively, in the marketplace. This technology, referred to as Broadband over Power Lines (BPL), uses medium- and low-voltage power lines to provide broadband Internet access to residential users and businesses and is considered by some as a third access technology offering potential competition to xDSL telecommunication lines and cable modems. Recent trends, however, indicate that the focus of BPL technology is shifting from providing broadband connectivity to smart meter usage allowing households to reduce energy costs and allow energy companies to better manage their networks by developing a “smart grid”.
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9789264070608
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (19 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 403 ; Toxicité aigue͏̈ par inhalation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 403 : Toxicité aigue͏̈ par inhalation
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This method provides information on health hazard likely to arise from short-term exposure to a test article (gas, vapour or aerosol/particulate test article) by inhalation. The revised Test Guideline describes two studies: a traditional LC50 protocol and a Concentration x Time (C x t) protocol. It can be used to estimate a median lethal concentration (LC50), non-lethal threshold concentration (LC01) and slope, and to identify possible sex susceptibility. This Test Guideline enables a test article quantitative risk assessment and classification according to the Globally Harmonized System for the Classification and Labelling of Chemicals. In the traditional LC50 protocol, animals are exposed to one limit concentration or to three concentrations, at least, for a predetermined duration, generally of 4 hours. Usually 10 animals should be used for each concentration. In the C x T protocol, animals are exposed to one limit concentration or a series of concentrations over multiple time durations. Usually 2 animals per C x t interval are used. Animals (the preferred species is the rat) should be observed for at least 14 days. The study includes measurements (including weighing), daily and detailed observations, as well as gross necropsy.
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264070615
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (21 p.)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 403; Acute Inhalation Toxicity
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Test No. 403: Acute Inhalation Toxicity
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette méthode fournit des informations sur les dangers pour la santé qui peuvent résulter d’une exposition à court terme à un article d’essai (gaz, produit volatil, aérosol, substance particulaire) par inhalation. La ligne directrice révisée décrit deux études : un protocole traditionnel (CL50) et un protocole « concentration x temps ». Elle peut être utilisée pour estimer une concentration létale médiane (CL50), une concentration seuil non létale (LC01), et une pente, et pour identifier des susceptibilités possibles liées au sexe. Elle permet une évaluation quantitative des risques et une classification selon le selon le Système général harmonisé de classification et d’étiquetage des produits chimiques. Dans le protocole traditionnel, les animaux sont exposés à une concentration limite, ou à trois concentrations au moins, pour une durée prédéterminée, en principe 4 heures. En général, 10 animaux sont utilisés pour chaque concentration. Dans le protocole CxT, les animaux sont exposés à une concentration limite ou à une série de concentrations pour des durées multiples. En général, 2 animaux sont utilisés pour chaque CxT. La durée d’observation des animaux (rats de préférence) est d’au moins 14 jours. L’étude comprend des mesures dont celle du poids, des observations quotidiennes détaillées, et une autopsie générale.
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  • 23
    ISBN: 9789264055674
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Insights
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Sustainable Development; Linking Economy, Society, Environment
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le développement durable ; À la croisée de l'économie, de la société et de l'environnement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Sustainable Development: Linking Economy, Society, Environment
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le développement durable : À la croisée de l'économie, de la société et de l'environnement
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Abstract: Was bedeutet “nachhaltige Entwicklung” tatsächlich? Welchen Einfluss haben Produktion, Konsum und Globalisierung auf Nachhaltigkeit? Wie kann Nachhaltigkeit gemessen werden? Und was können Regierungen, Unternehmen und der Einzelne tun, um nachhaltige Entwicklung zu fördern? Zu vielen Themen, die nachhaltige Entwicklung betreffen, erstellt die OECD Daten und veröffentlicht Empfehlungen für Forschung und Politik; dazu gehören der Klimawandel, Entwicklungszusammenarbeit und verantwortungsvolle Unternehmensführung. Die neue Veröffentlichung „Sustainable Development“ aus der Buchreihe „OECD Insights“ stützt sich auf diese Fachkompetenz. Um nachhaltige Entwicklung zu erreichen, müssen die drei Bereiche Wirtschaft, Gesellschaft und Umwelt zusammen berücksichtigt werden.
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264058439
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (98 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD in Figures 2008
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'OCDE en chiffres 2008
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La OCDE en cifras 2008
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9789264068476
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (233 p.) , ill.
    Edition: Second edition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mesure du capital - Manuel de l'OCDE 2009 ; Deuxième édition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Medición del capital - Manual OCDE 2009 ; Segunda edición
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mesure du capital - Manuel de l'OCDE 2009 : Deuxième édition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Medición del capital - Manual OCDE 2009 : Segunda edición
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Measuring capital
    RVK:
    Keywords: Kapitalstock ; Messung ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Kapitalbildung ; Kapitalvermögen ; Kapitalertrag ; Messung
    Abstract: Capital - in particular of the physical sort - plays several roles in economic life: it constitutes wealth and it it provides services in production processes. Capital is invested, disinvested and it depreciates and becomes obsolescent and there is a question how to measure all these dimensions of capital in industry and national accounts. This revised Capital Manual is a comprehensive guide to the approaches toward capital measurement. It gives statisticians, researchers and analysts practical advice while providing theoretical background and an overview of the relevant literature. The manual comes in three parts - a first part with a non-technical description with the main concepts and steps involved in measuring capital; a second part directed at implementation and a third part outlining theory and a more complete mathematical formulation of the measurement process.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 51 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.668
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This overview paper examines the financial crisis in light of past country experience and economic theory and sets out some preliminary policy recommendations. A number of facets of the crisis are detailed, including its origins and spreading factors as well as crisis resolution policies and their associated gross and net fiscal costs. The implications of the crisis on key macro-economic variables are subsequently presented. Finally, policy recommendations for both addressing the economic downturn and enhancing the resilience of the economies over the medium to long-term are discussed.
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9789264076242
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (33 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 231 ; Essai de métamorphose des amphibiens
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 231 : Essai de métamorphose des amphibiens
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes an amphibian metamorphosis assay intended to screen substances which may interfere with the normal functioning of the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis. The assay was validated with the species Xenopus laevis, which is recommended for use in the Guideline. The assay uses three test chemical concentrations and the necessary controls, including a carrier control if necessary. The assay starts with tadpoles at the development stage 51 on the Nieuwkoop and Faber scale and is extended for a duration of 21 days. Four replicate test vessels are used for each treatment level and control(s). After 7 days of exposure, a sub-set of tadpoles from each treatment level is sampled for the measurement of the length of the hind-limb. At termination of 21-day exposure period, developmental stage, snout-to-vent length and hind limb length are measured on all remaining tadpoles. A sub-set of tadpoles from each treatment level is fixed (whole-body or dissected) for histopathology of the thyroid gland.
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 53 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers no.2009/09
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264060531
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (202 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Insights
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. International Trade; Free, Fair and Open?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le commerce international ; Libre, équitable et ouvert ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. International Trade: Free, Fair and Open?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le commerce international : Libre, équitable et ouvert ?
    Keywords: Economics ; Trade
    Abstract: Der internationale Handel hat Auswirkungen auf den Preis und die Verfügbarkeit von fast allem, was wir kaufen. Zudem hat er Einfluss auf eine Vielzahl anderer Bereiche wie Beschäftigung, Umwelt und Armutsbekämpfung. Und er wird seinerseits von einer Fülle verschiedener Faktoren beeinflusst, von der natürlichen Ressourcenausstattung bis hin zu Modetrends. Die OECD ist eine führende Quelle für Daten, Analysen und Politikempfehlungen in Handelsfragen. Gestützt auf dieses umfassende Fachwissen wird in OECD Insights: Internationaler Handel deutlich gemacht, dass es ohne Handel – wenn überhaupt – nur selten gelungen ist, Wohlstand zu erreichen oder zu sichern. Handel allein ist jedoch nicht genug. Es bedarf darüber hinaus Maßnahmen in Bereichen wie Beschäftigung, Bildung oder Gesundheit, um das Wohlergehen der Menschen zu fördern und die Herausforderungen der globalisierten Wirtschaft zu bewältigen.
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264044395
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (310 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Perspectives de l'OCDE sur les pensions privées 2008
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: As the role of private pension systems grows in importance, there is a need to monitor their development and review their performance in an international context, especially following the crisis in the financial markets in 2008. This first edition of the OECD Private Pensions Outlook provides essential data on assets, investments, membership, and industry structure based on the latest official statistics, as well as a framework for evaluating the trends shaping the pensions industry, based on the role of the private pensions in relation to the public pension system. It also provides comprehensive country profiles, describing private pension arrangements in individual OECD countries. This edition's special feature covers the implications for pensions and private pensions policy of the financial crisis. This publication includes StatLinks, URLs linking graphs and tables via the internet to Excel® table containing the underlying data.
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  • 31
    Language: English
    Pages: 68 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.17
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This paper provides a survey of recent developments in the reporting of intangible assets. It finds that rather than the wholesale restructuring of the accounting model that was proposed years ago, the trend has been to address gaps in reporting with new forms of reporting. New forms of reporting appear better suited to capture the type of information that users of intangibles data seek. Financial reporting standards continue to change both at the national and the international level with the result that they are better able to capture some types of intangibles data. Even so, some areas such as human capital remain difficult to reflect in traditional financial statements. Users interested in human capital information are much better served by reports that are tailored to their needs, and by reporting techniques that take into account the specificities of human capital. On the policy front, companies are receiving considerable encouragement to provide more information on the intangible drivers of corporate performance than ever before. In Europe, part of the impetus has been the Accounts Modernisation Directive, which requires an “enhanced director’s report” that can include a discussion of human capital to the extent that directors feel that it is important for a full understanding of the business and its performance.
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  • 32
    Language: English
    Pages: 37 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2009/05
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  • 33
    Language: French
    Pages: 49 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Impact of Services Trade Liberalisation on Trade in Non-Agricultural Products
    Keywords: Trade
    Abstract: Cette étude permet de constater que les échanges de services contribuent à élargir l’éventail des prestataires de services qui soutiennent la compétitivité dans les secteurs de la production manufacturière de haute technologie et à forte valeur ajoutée. Elle montre que les grands pays qui présentent des coûts plus faibles mais toujours significatifs d’échanges de services bénéficient d’un avantage comparatif dans le secteur des produits manufacturés à forte intensité de services, avantage qui se trouve renforcé si le pays produit aussi des services intermédiaires de façon plus efficace ou oppose moins d’obstacles à l’entrée des fournisseurs de services. Les pays qui disposent de technologies organisationnelles plus avancées (qui utilisent plus efficacement les services aux producteurs) renforceront leur avantage comparatif dans la production manufacturière en profitant de la libéralisation des échanges de services. Les effets de la libéralisation des échanges de services sur la production manufacturière n’est pas linéaire. Ils restent modestes jusqu’à ce que les coûts des échanges atteignent un certain seuil. C’est donc en fin de libéralisation des échanges de services, en particulier avec la réduction des obstacles réglementaires, que les effets sont les plus sensibles. Les exportations de produits manufacturés à forte intensité de main-d’oeuvre exigent de nombreux services d’appui, et ces besoins augmentent d’année en année en raison de l’évolution des goûts des consommateurs et de leur intérêt croissant pour les normes de santé, de sécurité et de travail. Pour soutenir le développement industriel, les pays en développement doivent non seulement faire reposer leurs politiques d’échanges de services sur des intérêts offensifs, mais aussi veiller à ce que les producteurs locaux disposent d’un accès optimal aux services. Les effets les plus marqués résulteraient de l’amélioration de l’accès aux marchés des services de télécommunications et des services aux entreprises, tels que services juridiques, comptabilité, publicité et services de consultation technique.
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 62 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.24
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Do some forms of student (and school) assessment hinder the introduction of innovative educational practices and the development of innovation skills in education systems? This report focuses on the impact of high-stake summative assessment on innovation and argues that it is possible to reconcile high-stakes assessments and examinations through innovative approaches to testing. While necessary, assessment based on high-stake examinations often acts as an incentive to teach or study “to the test”. It may thus limit risk-taking by teachers, students and parents, for instance. The problem may be amplified if a system of accountability and incentives uses the results of these examinations and tests to assess teachers and schools. What should be done to ensure that the systems used to assess education systems do not stifle the risk-taking inherent to innovation – and that they foster innovation skills in students? This study proposes three main ways of combining assessment and innovation: 1) developing a wide range of performance measurements for both students and schools; 2) rethinking the alignment of standards and assessment; 3) measuring the impact of assessments on teaching and learning. One way of influencing teaching and learning might be to modify high-stake testing. Systems will adapt to this, and both teaching and learning will focus on acquiring the right skills. Rather than testing the content of learning, standards could relate to cognitive skills such as problem-solving, communicating and reasoning – with test/examination developers adapting those skills to subjects such as mathematics, science or literary analysis. Similarly, more use might be made of innovative assessment methods based on information and communication technologies, inasmuch as these may feature simulation or interactivity, for instance, at a reasonable cost. Focusing the assessment on cognitive processes rather than content would leave more scope for teachers to put in place innovative teaching/learning strategies. This does, however, assume a high standard of professionalism in teachers and an adequate system of continuing training and knowledge management. As a single type of assessment cannot fully capture student learning, one effective strategy might also be to multiply the number of measurements and thus relieve the pressure on students and teachers to perform well in a single, high-visibility, high-stake test. At the same time, this larger number of measurements could provide the necessary input for systems based on accountability, diagnosis and assessment of the effectiveness of innovative practice. Finally, assessing the technical standard of tests and examinations is an integral part of their development, but it is less common to address the impact they have on teaching/learning or the validity of how their results are used. Since assessment is an integral part of the education process, it is just as important to assess tests and examinations as it is other educational practices in order to achieve improvements and innovation in educational assessment, but also in educational practice.
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264063747
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (554 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Understanding National Accounts
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Este manual explica el ámbito y el significado del PIB y la RNB (o INB) y de sus componentes. Muestra cómo y para qué se utilizan estos agregados e incluye ejemplos y ejercicios prácticos que ayudan a comprender estos conceptos. El manual presenta las cuentas nacionales desde una perspectiva global y dedica capítulos especiales a las comparaciones internacionales y a los sistemas de cuentas nacionales de EEUU, México y Chile. El primer capítulo muestra la relación entre los principales conceptos de cuentas nacionales y el análisis macroeconómico. El libro continúa con el análisis de las variaciones de precios y de volumen, las comparaciones internacionales, el ámbito de la producción, los empleos finales y las cuentas no financieras de los hogares, de las empresas (sociedades no financieras e instituciones financieras) y de las administraciones públicas (o gobierno general). También describe el ámbito de las tablas input output y de las cuentas económicas integradas y, por último, informa sobre la historia, y el futuro, de los sistemas internacionales de cuentas nacionales.
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 26 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.96
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 48 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.742
    Keywords: Economics ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: This paper uses the OECD’s indicators of product market regulation (PMR) to assess the extent to which the regulatory environment in Russia supports competition and to draw attention to the areas where further reform efforts would pay dividends. The indicators show that, despite improvements in some areas, many aspects of Russia’s regulatory framework are still restrictive, which provides considerable scope for reaping gains from bringing regulation into line with international best practice. In particular, the scores suggest that Russia’s economic performance would greatly benefit from a reduction in the role of the state enterprise sector in markets that are inherently competitive and reinvigorated efforts to liberalise foreign trade and direct investment regimes. In some network sectors, recent regulatory changes have significantly improved the scope for competition. However, ongoing work needs to focus on separating competitive and monopoly market segments and eliminating barriers to entry. In addition, the authorities need to develop the capacity and strengthen the hands of the sectoral regulators. Introducing an overarching competition policy would also help bring the issue of competition to centre stage and spread a competition ethos through different levels of government.
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 29 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.682
    Keywords: Economics ; Slovak Republic
    Abstract: House prices have risen strongly in past years, helped by rising incomes and declining interest rates. At the same time, construction of new dwellings has remained fairly muted and has only recently shown signs of picking up. A characteristic feature of the Slovak housing market, and a consequence of the privatization programme initiated in the early 1990s, is the virtual absence of a private rental market. As euro membership will most likely go along with easier financial conditions and also entails limited availability of national policy tools, current housing policies will have to be adjusted. The challenges are to avoid overheating of the housing market in the medium term, in part by making supply more reactive to demand, and to phase out the hurdles that are currently impeding the private rental market, which would facilitate labour mobility. This Working Paper relates to the 2009 OECD Economic Survey of the Slovak Republic.
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 20 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2009/26
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  • 40
    Language: English
    Pages: 30 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.737
    Keywords: Economics ; Erdölpreis ; Geschichte 2009
    Abstract: Crude oil prices have trended up since the end of the 1990s, peaking at a historic high in mid-2008 that was followed by a steep price correction with a subsequent rebound. This paper considers major forces behind the evolution of the oil price, using a simple model of supply and demand elasticities as a benchmark, highlights implications for inflation and economic activity and draws some conclusions for macroeconomic policy. The analysis suggests that the run-up in crude oil prices since 2003 was due to both vigorous oil demand growth by emerging markets and, from the middle of the decade onward, a weaker than expected oil supply response to rising prices. Prices are unlikely to fall back to levels seen in the first years of the decade either over the short or medium term.
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 52 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.669
    Keywords: Economics ; United States
    Abstract: The global financial crisis that emerged in mid 2007 has caused considerable economic disruptions in the United States and elsewhere, and exposed major flaws in the global financial system. After examining the origins of the crisis, this paper recommends specific policy responses to resolve the immediate problems and discusses how to make the US financial system more resilient and stable in the future.
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  • 42
    Language: English
    Pages: 2 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Policy Insights no.89
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Crises de la dette souveraine et indicateurs d'alerte : le rôle du marché obligataire primaire
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: During the 1990s and the 2000s a variety of crises affected the stability of international capital markets: from the European Monetary System crisis in 1992-93 and the emerging market crises to today’s financial crisis have been present in the arenas of capital markets. These crises stimulated the theoretical and empirical literature on the economics of the crises in several ways, among other things on the determinants of a crisis, its impact on domestic output, and policy implications. In most of the recent crises public sector financing difficulties combined with currency problems dominated the collapse of these countries. Both unsustainable fiscal and monetary policies were important factors behind these crises (...)
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 28 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.717
    Keywords: Economics ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: The UK financial market has been severely affected by the recent financial crisis. The crisis has exposed weaknesses in the supervisory framework as well as that for crisis management and resolution. This paper reviews the supervisory and regulatory framework and the many reforms that have already been adopted to remedy these weaknesses. It also provides recommendations for further reforms. This Working Paper relates to the 2009 Economic Survey of the United Kingdom (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/uk).
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 34 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on Insurance and Private Pensions no.30
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  • 45
    Language: English
    Pages: 56 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.43
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  • 46
    Language: English
    Pages: 47 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.693
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: There are local air pollution benefits from pursuing greenhouse gases emissions mitigation policies, which lower the net costs of emission reductions and thereby may strengthen the incentives to participate in a global climate change mitigation agreement. The main purpose of this paper is to assess the extent to which local air pollution co-benefits can lower the cost of climate change mitigation policies in OECD and non-OECD countries and can offer economic incentives for developing countries to participate in a post- 2012 global agreement. The paper sets out an analytical framework to answer these questions. After a literature review on the estimates of the co-benefits, new estimates, which are obtained within a general equilibrium, dynamic, multi-regional framework, are presented. The main conclusion is that the co-benefits from climate change mitigation in terms of reduced outdoor local air pollution might cover a significant part of the cost of action. Nonetheless, they alone may not provide sufficient participation incentives to large developing countries. This is partly because direct local air pollution control policies appear to be typically cheaper than indirect action via greenhouse gases emissions mitigation.
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 9 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: CELE Échanges, Centre pour des environnements pédagogiques efficaces no.2009/09
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Evaluating Quality in Educational Spaces: OECD/CELE Pilot Project
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: L’Étude pilote internationale du CELE pour l’évaluation de la qualité des espaces éducatifs a pour objectif d’aider les autorités éducatives, les écoles et d’autres à optimiser l’utilisation des investissements dans les environnements pédagogiques. Cet article donne un aperçu de l’avancement de l’étude pilote actuellement mise en œuvre au Brésil, au Mexique, en Nouvelle-Zélande, au Portugal et au Royaume-Uni.
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 48 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Working Papers no.89
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  • 49
    Language: English
    Pages: 34 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on Insurance and Private Pensions no.36
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2009/04
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 25 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2009/13
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  • 52
    Language: English
    Pages: 57 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.709
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper breaks new ground by providing comparable estimates of intergenerational wage and education persistence across 14 European OECD countries based on a new micro data from Eurostat. A further novelty is that it examines the potential role of public policies and labour and product market institutions in explaining observed differences in intergenerational wage mobility across countries. The empirical estimates show that intergenerational wage persistence is relatively high in southern European countries, as well as in the United Kingdom. Likewise, intergenerational persistence in education is relatively high both in southern European countries and in Luxembourg and Ireland. By contrast, both persistence in wages and education tends to be lower in Nordic countries. In addition, empirical results show that education is one important driver of intergenerational wage persistence across European countries. There is a positive crosscountry correlation between intergenerational wage mobility and redistributive policies, as well as a positive correlation between wage-setting institutions that compress the wage distribution and mobility.
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Working Papers no.14
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Initiatives des pouvoirs publics concernant l'alimentation, la santé et la nutrition
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  • 54
    Language: English
    Pages: 44 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.18
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Human capital – the productive capacity that is embedded in people – is one of the most important contributors to the growth in nations’ output and standard of living. Globalisation and technological change have increased the importance of human capital in recent years, to the point that there are now only two options to sustain high profits and high wages in developed nations: escalating the skill levels of individuals or developing superior capacity for managing those skills and “human capital” more broadly. Employers have responded to these new phenomena by increasing wages for employees with more skills and by increasing their use of downsizing and other methods (such as “offshoring”) intended to reduce labour costs. There is little evidence, however, that such efforts by employers have improved profits, productivity, or stock price performance. Employer-provided training for employees represents one method of improving the skill level of a nation’s workforce. Although long-standing economic theory suggests that existing incentives for employers and employees should naturally yield the delivery of an optimal level of training, there is new awareness of a variety of market failures that may be causing a sub-optimal level of training, despite evidence that points to a positive relationship between employer-provided training and firm outcomes (productivity, profitability, employee retention, customer retention, stock performance).
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  • 55
    Language: English
    Pages: 36 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2009/17
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 10 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: CELE Échanges, Centre pour des environnements pédagogiques efficaces no.2009/04
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. San Diego's Capital Planning Process
    Keywords: Education ; United States
    Abstract: Dans le cadre de son mécanisme de planification de l’équipement, le San Diego Unified School District (Californie, États-Unis) a établi une analyse systématique de la qualité fonctionnelle dans chacun de ses établissements scolaires. La qualité fonctionnelle représente un critère déterminant dans la planification des équipements éducatifs ainsi qu’un complément nécessaire à l’évaluation de l’état du bâtiment.
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 71 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.164
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report makes a case for investment in a competitive, open-access national fibre-to-the-home network rollout based on potential spillovers in four key sectors of the economy: electricity, health, transportation and education. This research offers a new approach to evaluating the costs of building the most forward-looking network possible by evaluating what short-term cost savings (benefits) would have to be achieved in other key economic sectors to justify the investment. On average, a cost savings of between 0.5% and 1.5% in each of the four sectors over ten years resulting directly from the new broadband network platform could justify the cost of building a national point-to-point, fibre-to-the-home network.
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  • 58
    Language: English
    Pages: 25 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on Insurance and Private Pensions no.31
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  • 59
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.696
    Keywords: Economics ; New Zealand
    Abstract: New Zealand’s living standards remain well below the OECD average. This is entirely attributable to persistently low labour productivity, which in turn is related to economic geography as well as structural policy factors. The small size and remoteness of the economy diminish its access to world markets, the scale and efficiency of domestic businesses, the level of competition and proximity to the world’s technology frontier. This points to the need for a “New Zealand policy advantage”, that is, a set of structural policies attractive and welcoming enough to overcome the geographic handicap and attract the drivers of prosperity – investment, skills and ideas – to New Zealand. The reforms of the 1980s and 1990s laid much of the groundwork for creating this advantage and for a pick-up in productivity growth. But in recent years, New Zealand has lost ground relative to its OECD peers. The reform focus shifted away from growth and the government introduced much often poor quality regulation. Policies should be refocused around the productivity goal in a number of areas, beginning with those covered in this paper, namely international trade, the business climate for domestic and foreign investment, public sector efficiency, infrastructure, innovation and natural resources management. This paper also evaluates the recently legislated emissions trading scheme through a productivity lens. This Working Paper relates to the 2009 OECD Economic Survey of New Zealand (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/nz).
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.665
    Keywords: Economics ; United States
    Abstract: In spite of improvements, on various measures of health outcomes the United States appears to rank relatively poorly among OECD countries. Health expenditures, in contrast, are significantly higher than in any other OECD country. While there are factors beyond the health-care system itself that contribute to this gap in performance, there is also likely to be scope to improve the health of Americans while reducing, or at least not increasing spending. This paper focuses on two factors that contribute to this discrepancy between health outcomes and health expenditures in the United States: inequitable access to medical services and subsidized private insurance policies; and inefficiencies in public health insurance. It then suggests two sets of reforms likely to improve the US health-care system. The first is a package of reforms to achieve close to universal health insurance coverage. The second set of reforms relates to payment methods and coverage decisions within the Medicare programme to realign incentives and increase the extent of economic evaluation of different medical procedures.
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 46 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on Insurance and Private Pensions no.32
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  • 62
    ISBN: 9789264056466
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (178 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Patent Statistics Manual
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manual de estadísticas de patentes de la OCDE
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: L’édition 2009 du Manuel de l’OCDE sur les statistiques de brevets intègre les développements récents du domaine. Elle fournit des lignes directrices pour l’utilisation des données de brevets à des fins de mesure de S&T, et des recommandations pour la compilation et l’interprétation des indicateurs de brevets dans ce contexte. Le manuel vise à montrer à quoi les données de brevets peuvent ou ne peuvent pas être utilisées, et comment compter les brevets de façon à maximiser l’information sur la S&T tout en minimisant le bruit et les biais statistiques. Enfin, il décrit comment les données de brevets peuvent être utilisées dans l’analyse d’un large spectre de thèmes liés au changement technique et à la prise de brevets, y compris les liens science-industrie, les stratégies de brevets des entreprises, l’internationalisation de la recherche, et la mesure de la valeur des brevets.
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 42 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Working Papers no.17
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les marges extensives des échanges agricoles
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  • 64
    Language: English
    Pages: 36 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.687
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The aim of this paper is to analyze the relation between the volatility of government consumption and country size. Using a sample of 160 countries from 1960 to 2000 the main findings of our empirical analysis suggest that: 1) smaller countries have more volatile non-discretionary and discretionary government consumption, and also a more volatile government size; 2) the relation between government spending volatility and the size of a country is more negative for more volatile economies; 3) the relation between government consumption volatility and country size is more negative for functions of government spending that are characterized by a high level on non-rivality. The results are robust to different time and country samples, different econometric techniques and to several sets of control variables.
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.743
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fédéralisme budgétaire en Belgique : Défis principaux et réformes envisageables
    Keywords: Economics ; Belgium
    Abstract: The paper discusses the current state of fiscal relations across levels of government in Belgium and how it has developed over time. As the current system of fiscal federalism is creating imbalances between the federal and the sub-federal governments (vertical imbalance), and between sub-federal governments (horizontal imbalance) the paper also suggests directions for improvements. Without reform, the vertical imbalance will widen as the fiscal burden from the ageing of the population falls mainly on the federal level. Reform should therefore strengthen the fiscal capacity of the federal government by improving its revenue sources and by shifting some spending obligations to sub-federal governments. The imbalance between regions arises because of the lack of coherence between taxation and spending. Shared revenues from the personal income tax are allocated to the region of residence, while the region of the workplace does not benefit, which particularly affects Brussels’ revenue level. This imbalance could be eliminated by allocating more of the shared personal income tax to the region of the workplace. Furthermore, the system of equalisation grants should be re-designed to provide incentives to the recipient regions to develop their own revenue base. The performance of the fiscal system could further be improved by raising the efficiency of spending in areas of national interest, which have been assigned to sub-federal governments or where there are overlapping responsibilities, such as in employment, R&D, training, education, energy and environmental policies.
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 64 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.714
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Economic growth is the basis of increased prosperity. This makes the attainment of growth a key objective for governments across the world. The rate of growth can be affected by policy choices through the effect that taxation has upon economic decisions and through productive public expenditures. This paper surveys research that has undertaken empirical analysis of aggregate data. The focus of the survey is the identification of the factors that determine the rate of growth.
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  • 67
    Language: English
    Pages: 34 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.41
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This paper discusses issues related to the teaching and assessment of 21st century skills and competencies in OECD countries drawing on the findings of a questionnaire study and other relevant background material such as white papers or curriculum documents. Although all OECD countries were invited to participate in the questionnaire survey, responses were received from seventeen countries or regions, and the paper focuses primarily on this group. The paper presents a short discussion of the importance and relevance of 21st century skills and competencies in the current policy debate and the definitions and conceptual frameworks that have been used in the literature, and proposes a new three-dimensional framework, consisting of the dimensions of information, communication and ethics and social impact. The findings of the questionnaire survey show that most countries or regions cover 21st century skills and competencies in their regulations, guidelines or recommendations for compulsory education. However, there are few specific definitions of these skills and competencies at national or regional level and virtually no clear formative or summative assessment policies for these skills. The only evaluation regarding their teaching is often left to external inspectors as part of their whole school audits. Similarly there are few teacher training programmes that target the teaching or development of 21st century skills, although there exist several teacher training initiatives that focus on developing teachers’ ICT pedagogical skills, most of them optional. The paper discusses the implications of these findings especially with regard to the particular role of ICT in the development of these skills and competencies, and issues related to assessment practices and teacher training.
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  • 68
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 9 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: CELE Échanges, Centre pour des environnements pédagogiques efficaces no.2009/05
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. School Buildings in Today's Crisis
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Afin de comprendre l’impact à ce jour de la crise économique et financière actuelle sur les programmes de construction et d’équipement de l’éducation, le Centre de l’OCDE pour des environnements pédagogiques efficaces (CELE) mène actuellement une enquête auprès des pays et régions membres. L’enquête porte sur trois questions principales : l’impact de la crise sur les projets financés par l’État, l’impact sur les projets financés par des initiatives de financement privées ou par le biais de partenariats public-privé et la mesure dans laquelle la crise a affecté la capacité de l’industrie du bâtiment à construire des écoles.
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  • 69
    Language: English
    Pages: 29 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Working Papers no.92
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le point sur les coûts des échanges : Le transport maritime et son effet sur les échanges
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  • 70
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 18 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Trade and Environment Working Papers no.2009/01
    Keywords: Trade
    Abstract: This document provides a second update on developments in the field of regional trade agreements and environment covering the period late 2007 to December 2008. It complements the 2007 publication “Environment and Regional Trade Agreements”, and the first update presented to the JWPTE in December 2007 (COM/TAD/ENV/JWPTE/RD(2007)40/FINAL). It is based on publicly available information and refers to agreements which have been signed by the Parties, though not all have entered into force yet. It also includes information on recent Trade Promotion Agreements (TPAs) which were not covered by the first study.
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  • 71
    Language: English
    Pages: 22 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2009/08
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 8 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: CELE Échanges, Centre pour des environnements pédagogiques efficaces no.2009/10
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Sustainability Innovation in United Kingdom Schools
    Keywords: Education ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: Cet article émet des recommandations sur les approches à adopter en vue de la conception d’environnements pédagogiques durables. Les auteurs présentent des exemples récents de bâtiments scolaires britanniques qui réduisent leurs émissions de carbone et capitalisent sur les sources d’énergie renouvelables, et prédisent la manière dont les écoles répondront à leurs besoins énergétiques dans le futur.
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  • 73
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 48 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.725
    Keywords: Economics ; Iceland
    Abstract: The global financial and economic crisis has struck Iceland with extreme force. Iceland’s three main banks, accounting for almost all of the banking system, failed in October 2008. They were unable to resist the deterioration in global financial markets following the failure of Lehman Brothers. The banks had pursued risky expansion strategies – notably borrowing in foreign capital markets to finance the aggressive international expansion of Icelandic investment companies – that made them vulnerable to the deterioration in global financial markets. They had also grown to be too big for the government to rescue. When access to foreign capital eventually closed, the banks failed. Non-financial firms and households were also vulnerable to the deterioration in global financial conditions, having taken on a lot of debt in recent years based on inflated collateral values. In some cases, the debt was foreign-currency denominated, without matching foreign-currency assets or revenues. In the wake of the banking crisis, the government obtained an IMF Stand-By Arrangement to provide favourable access to foreign capital markets and creditability for the recovery programme. Even so, the recession is likely to be deeper in Iceland than in most other OECD countries owing to the seriousness of the banking crisis and the weakness of private sector balance sheets. Reforms are needed to strengthen prudential regulation and supervision. This Working Paper relates to the 2009 Economic Survey of Iceland.
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 39 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.83
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  • 75
    Language: English
    Pages: 47 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.97
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  • 76
    Language: English
    Pages: 49 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Environment Working Papers no.6
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The present report seeks to inform critical questions with regard to policy mixes of investments in adaptation and mitigation, and how they might vary over time. This is facilitated here by examining adaptation within global Integrated Assessment Modelling frameworks. None of the existing Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) captures adaptation satisfactorily. Many models do not specify the damages from climate change, and those that do mostly assume implicitly that adaptation is set at an “optimal” level that minimizes the sum total of the costs of adaptation and the residual climate damages that might occur. This report develops and applies a framework for the explicit incorporation of adaptation in Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs). It provides a consistent framework to investigate “optimal” balances between investments in mitigating climate change, investments in adapting to climate change and accepting (future) climate change damages. By including adaptation into IAMs these already powerful tools for policy analysis are further improved and the interactions between mitigation and adaptation can be analysed in more detail. To demonstrate the approach a framework for incorporating adaptation as a policy variable was developed for two IAMs– the global Dynamic Integrated model for Climate and the Economy (DICE) and its regional counterpart, the Regional Integrated model for Climate and the Economy (RICE). These modified models – AD-DICE and AD-RICE – are calibrated and then used in a number of policy simulations to examine the distribution of adaptation costs and the interactions between adaptation and mitigation. Using the limited information available in current models, and calibrating to a specific damage level, so-called adaptation cost curves are estimated for the world. Adaptation cost curves are also estimated for different regions, although given the limited information available to calibrate the regional curves these should be considered as rough approximations of the actual adaptation potential in the different regions. These adaptation cost curves reflect how different adaptation levels will provide a wedge between gross damages (i.e. damages that would occur in the absence of adaptation) and residual damages. The analysis presented suggests that a good adaptation policy matters especially when suboptimal mitigation policies are implemented. Similarly, a good mitigation strategy is more important when optimal adaptation levels are unattainable. The rationale for this result is that both policy control options can compensate to some extent for deviations from the efficient outcome caused by non-optimality of the other control option. It should be noted, however, that in many cases there are limits to adaptation with regard to the magnitude and rate of climate change. The higher the current value of damages, the more important mitigation is as a policy option in comparison to adaptation. The comparison between adaptation and mitigation therefore depends crucially on the assumptions in the model, and especially on the discount rate and the level of future damages. The policy simulations also suggest that to combat climate change in an efficient way, short term optimal policies would consist of a mixture of substantial investments in adaptation measures, coupled with investments in mitigation, even though the latter will only decrease damages in the longer term. The costs of inaction are high, and thus it is more important to start acting on mitigation and adaptation even when there is limited information on which to base the policies, than to ignore the problems climate change already poses. Ongoing increases in expected damages over time imply that adaptation is not an option that should be considered only for the coming decades, but it will be necessary to keep investing in adaptation options, as both the challenges and benefits of adaptation increase. The results of these policy simulations confirm the findings of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on the relationship between adaptation and mitigation as described in the Synthesis Report of the Fourth Assessment Report. The framework developed in this report opens the door for further simulations that examine adaptation cost issues within other, more complex IAMs. The model additions investigated in this report can also shed light on how the next generation of IAMs will look. These tools can also be further strengthened by the incorporation of more detailed regional knowledge on the impacts of climate change and of adaptation options.
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  • 77
    Language: English
    Pages: 67 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.95
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.85
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  • 79
    ISBN: 9789264071209
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (16 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 452 ; Études de toxicité chronique
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 452 : Études de toxicité chronique
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The objective of these chronic toxicity studies is to characterize the profile of a substance in a mammalian species (primarily rodents) following prolonged and repeated exposure. The Test Guideline focuses on rodents and oral administration. Both sexes should be used. For rodents, at least 20 animals per sex per group should normally be used at each dose level, while for non-rodents a minimum of 4 per sex per group is recommended. At least three dose levels should be used in addition to the concurrent control group. Frequency of exposure normally is daily, but may vary according to the route chosen (oral, dermal or inhalation) and should be adjusted according to the toxicokinetic profile of the test substance. The duration of the exposure period should be 12 months. The study report should include: measurements (weighing) and regular detailed observations (haematological examination, urinalysis, clinical chemistry), as well as necropsy procedures and histopathology.
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  • 80
    ISBN: 9789264060593
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Radioaktiver Abfall ; Unterirdische Lagerung ; Sicherheit ; Endlager ; Hochradioaktiver Abfall ; Unterirdisches Bauwerk ; Lagerung ; Langzeitverhalten
    Abstract: A key challenge in the development of safety cases for the deep geological disposal of radioactive waste is handling the long time frame over which the radioactive waste remains hazardous. The intrinsic hazard of the waste decreases with time, but some hazard remains for extremely long periods. This report reviews the current status and ongoing discussions of this issue, addressing such issues as ethical principles, the evolution of the hazard over time, uncertainties in the evolution of the disposal system (and how these uncertainties themselves evolve), the stability and predictability of the geological environment, repository planning and implementation including regulatory requirements, siting decisions, repository design, the development and presentation of safety cases and the planning of pre- and post-closure institutional controls such as monitoring requirements.
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  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264065185
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Series Statement: Pour une meilleure aide au développement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Aid Effectiveness; A Progress Report on Implementing the Paris Declaration
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: La Déclaration de Paris de 2005 sur l’efficacité de l’aide définit les principes et les engagements que les donneurs et les pays en développement sont déterminés à suivre pour contribuer à la réalisation des Objectifs du millénaire pour le développement comme à d’autres objectifs de développement approuvés à l’échelle internationale. Ce rapport est un examen à mi-parcours des progrès accomplis dans la concrétisation de ces engagements. Il s’appuie sur de nombreuses sources, dont l’Enquête 2008 de suivi de la mise en œuvre de la Déclaration de Paris et le Rapport de synthèse de l’évaluation. La Partie I met en lumière les principaux enseignements et messages qui se dégagent des progrès réalisés à ce jour. La Partie II rend compte des engagements pris au titre des cinq Principes de partenariat se rapportant à l’appropriation, l’alignement, l’harmonisation, la gestion axée sur les résultats et la responsabilité mutuelle. Elle traite également de quatre sujets revêtant un intérêt fondamental : les perspectives au niveau sectoriel, le rôle des organisations de la société civile, les situations de fragilité et de conflit, et la nouvelle architecture de l’aide.
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  • 82
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264059887
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (216 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ensuring Environmental Compliance; Trends and Good Practices
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ensuring Environmental Compliance; Trends and Good Practices (Chinese version)
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance
    Abstract: En dépit des progrès accomplis ces dernières années, il est de plus en plus manifeste que certains des principaux objectifs environnementaux des pays de l’OCDE ne sont pas en voie d’être atteints. Cette étude examine les stratégies et instruments utilisés par les pouvoirs publics pour garantir la conformité aux réglementations en matière de prévention et de réduction de la pollution, en particulier dans le secteur industriel. Elle s’appuie sur une analyse comparative de la mise en application des dispositions environnementales dans six pays membres de l’OCDE (États-Unis, Finlande, France, Japon, Pays-Bas et Royaume-Uni), ainsi qu’en Chine et en Russie. L'étude propose aux responsables de l’action publique et aux organismes chargés de la réglementation sur l'environnement et autres parties prenantes une analyse approfondie de la conception, de la gestion et des principaux éléments qui constituent les programmes mis en place par les pouvoirs publics pour veiller au respect de la réglementation. Mettant plus particulièrement l’accent sur la promotion et la surveillance de la conformité aux réglementations et sur les mesures prises en cas de non-respect, elle recense et compare les bonnes pratiques observées dans les pays étudiés, les situe dans le contexte de la culture réglementaire de chaque pays et met en évidence les tendances clés observées à l’échelle internationale.
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  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264061972
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (214 p.)
    Series Statement: Des emplois pour les jeunes/Jobs for Youth
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes; France 2009
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; France
    Abstract: Les premières expériences sur le marché du travail à la sortie de l’école conditionnent fortement la trajectoire professionnelle. Présente une analyse des principales barrières à l'emploi des jeunes en France et évalue la pertinence et l'efficacité des dispositifs existants pour faciliter la transition de l'école à l'emploi. Une série de recommandations sur les politiques que les autorités publiques et les partenaires sociaux devraient mener complète l'ouvrage.
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264055902
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (102 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The State of the Public Service
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance
    Abstract: Au cours des 20 dernières années, la gestion de l’emploi public a évolué de façon spectaculaire dans la plupart des pays de l’OCDE. Premièrement, les gouvernements se sont efforcés de réduire sa taille afin de diminuer les coûts de la production de services publics, soit directement, soit indirectement en sous-traitant la prestation de services au secteur privé dans la recherche d’une plus grande efficacité. Deuxièmement, dans nombre de cas, les gouvernements ont tenté d’appliquer les bons principes de gestion à la gestion de la fonction publique. C’est ainsi que l’emploi public dans nombre de secteurs de l’administration a perdu son caractère unique et est devenu assez semblable au système d’emploi général des différents pays. Cette publication dresse un bilan des principaux changements intervenus dans la gestion de l’emploi public dans les pays de l’OCDE. Elle examine également la manière dont les pays trouvent un équilibre entre, d’une part, le soutien des valeurs fondamentales comme l’équité, la justice et la cohésion sociale, de façon à préserver la confiance politique dans l’ensemble de l’appareil gouvernemental et, de l’autre, l’attention à l’efficience, à la productivité et à l’efficacité.
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  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264060616
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (183 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Adema, Willem Chile
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarkt ; Armut ; Einkommensverteilung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Sozialpolitik ; Altersvorsorge ; Chile ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Chile ; Chile ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Sozialpolitik
    Abstract: This report analyses in detail the implications of recent developments in Chile's labour market and social policy and considers the available policy options from the perspective of OECD countries’ experience. The report finds that Chile has enjoyed rising living standards over two decades of strong economic growth. The incidence of poverty is now much lower and there is better access to adequate housing, education and healthcare. Nevertheless, Chile’s income distribution remains disturbingly unequal by OECD standards. This is partly due to Chile’s a relatively low employment rate, especially for women, but it also reflects a segmented labour market, where much of the recent job creation has occurred in relatively low-productive sectors. Moreover, despite the existence of an internationally renowned pension programme, Chile’s social protection system as a whole has still a relatively long way to go before reaching the standards of developed countries in terms of effective coverage and capacity to assist needy households. Chilean policy makers have begun to develop and implement a series of ambitious reforms, intended to promote the twin goals of work and equity.
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264059368
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (205 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Doing Better for Children
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: S’appuyant sur un large éventail de sources de données, cette publication construit et analyse différents indicateurs du bien-être des enfants dans les pays de l’OCDE. Ces indicateurs couvrent six dimensions essentielles : le bien-être matériel, le logement et l’environnement, l’éducation, la santé et la sécurité, les comportements à risque et la qualité de la vie scolaire. Ils montrent qu’aucun pays de l’OCDE n’est performant dans tous les domaines et que chacun d’eux pourrait faire davantage pour améliorer la vie de ses enfants et adolescents. Elle analyse également les montants dépensés par les pays au titre de l’enfance et à quel stade interviennent ces dépenses ; c’est la première fois qu’un tel exercice comparatif est entrepris pour l’ensemble de la zone OCDE. D’autres chapitres examinent dans le détail les politiques à destination des enfants de moins de trois ans, l’impact de la monoparentalité sur les enfants et l’effet des inégalités intergénérationnelles. En conclusion, elle fait un certain nombre de recommandations d’ordre général en vue d’améliorer le bien-être des enfants. À lire également Croissance et inégalités: Distribution des revenus et pauvreté dans les pays de l’OCDE (2008) Bébés et employeurs – Comment réconcilier travail et vie de famille : synthèse des résultats pour les pays de l’OCDE (2007)
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  • 87
    ISBN: 9789264039506
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2008
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  • 88
    ISBN: 9789264075696
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Implementing energy efficiency policies 2009
    RVK:
    Keywords: Energieeinsparung ; Energiepolitik ; Welt ; Energy ; Bericht ; Internationale Energieagentur ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Energiepolitik ; Effizienz
    Abstract: This book presents 25 energy efficiency recommendations from the IEA which could, if implemented globally without delay, reduce global CO2 emissions by 8.2 gigatonnes per year by 2030 – equivalent to roughly two-times the amount of current EU CO2 emissions. This innovative book provides the first assessment of IEA member countries’ progress on implementing energy efficiency policy. Using a rigorous evaluation process, it finds that while these countries are implementing a full range of energy efficiency measures, their efforts fall short. Pressing energy, climate and financial challenges require even more energy efficiency policy action – particularly in the transport sector. To address this action gap, IEA member countries must urgently ramp up their energy efficiency policy efforts. The IEA and its member countries can play a critical role in promoting the Agency’s call for “Worldwide Implementation Now” (W.I.N.) of energy efficiency. What will it be? W.I.N or lose the opportunity?
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264075344
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264076808
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Pharmacogenetics
    RVK:
    Keywords: Pharmakologie ; Gesundheitsökonomik ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Pharmakogenetik ; Innovation ; Gesundheitspolitik
    Abstract: Pharmacogenetics helps us understand the relationship between an individual’s genetic make-up and the way medicines work for each person. This book reviews the use of pharmacogenetics across all stages of the health innovation cycle from research through to uptake by doctors and patients. It focuses on how to optimise the use of pharmacogenetics to deliver effective innovations for public health, and design policies that enhance their economic and social benefits. The book argues for large-scale studies to validate the biomarkers that underpin pharmacogenetics and policies to share the cost and risk of using pharmacogenetics to improve the use of existing medicines. Governments and others need to align regulatory, reimbursement and other incentives and work with industry to measure better the impacts of pharmacogenetics. Health systems need to take positive steps to adapt to the use of pharmacogenetics and ensure that health professionals receive adequate training.
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264073982
    Language: English , French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
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  • 92
    ISBN: 9789264073111
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (498 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'économie politique de la réforme ; Retraites, emplois et déréglementation dans dix pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Tompson, William The political economy of reform
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Rentenreform ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Deregulierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; OECD ; Rentenreform ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Deregulierung
    Abstract: This report examines why some policy reforms get implemented and others languish by examining 20 structural reform efforts in 10 OECD countries over the past two decades. The case studies cover a wide variety of reform attempts in three key areas: pensions, labour- and product-market regulation. Key factors in the political, economic and reform-specific arenas are identified as helping or hindering reform, and these findings are cross-checked using a relatively simple set of Spearman rank correlations. The report’s two-pronged analytical approach – quantitative and qualitative – results in unique insights for policy makers designing, adopting and implementing structural policy reforms.
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264075924
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Series Statement: Educational Research and Innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This book analyses systemic innovation in education by looking at the ways in which educational systems encourage innovation, the knowledge base and processes used, and the procedures and criteria used to assess progress and evaluate outcomes. It draws on findings from 14 case studies in Vocational Education and Training in six OECD countries: Australia, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Mexico and Switzerland. The resulting analysis helps us understand how we can support and sustain innovation in educational systems in the VET sector.
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264061958
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (210 p.)
    Series Statement: Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Des emplois pour les jeunes/Jobs for Youth; France 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als France
    RVK:
    Keywords: Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Jugendarbeitslosigkeit ; Frankreich ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; France ; Frankreich ; Jugendarbeitslosigkeit ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik
    Abstract: First experiences on the labour market have a profound influence on later working life. This report on France contains a survey of the main barriers to employment for young people, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to improve the transition from school-to-work, and a set of policy recommendations for further action by the public authorities and social partners.
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264056909
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (368 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Bioeconomy to 2030; Designing a Policy Agenda
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Les sciences biologiques apportent une valeur ajoutée à de très nombreux biens et services qui sont génériquement réunis sous le terme de « bioéconomie » et les progrès dans ce domaine peuvent aboutir à des avancées socioéconomiques majeures, dans les pays de l’OCDE. En utilisant des analyses quantitatives des données concernant les innovations en cours et les dépenses de recherche et développement tirées des bases de données privées et publiques, elle estime les évolutions futures dans le domaine des biotechnologies d’ici 2015. Adoptant un point de vue institutionnel plus large, elle examine également les rôles joués par le financement de la recherche et du développement, les ressources humaines, la propriété intellectuelle et la réglementation de la bioéconomie, ainsi que les évolutions futures qui seraient susceptibles d’influer sur les nouveaux modèles économiques. Des scénarios fictifs à l’horizon 2030 sont pris en compte pour encourager les lecteurs à réfléchir sur l’interaction entre les choix de politique économique et les avancées technologiques dans la mise en place de la bioéconomie. Enfin, l’ouvrage étudie les différentes options de politique économique permettant de tirer parti des avantages sociaux, environnementaux et économiques de la bioéconomie.
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264076969
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (214 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement ; Inde 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als India
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Indien ; Finance and Investment ; India ; Bericht ; Indien ; Auslandsinvestition
    Abstract: This review of India's investment policy finds that India has made tremendous progress in building a policy environment to encourage investment. As a result, the country’s economy is growing more rapidly and FDI inflows have accelerated impressively. However, investment remains insufficient to meet India’s needs, particularly in infrastructure. Current efforts to strengthen and liberalise the regulatory framework for investment need to be intensified. India’s well-developed economic legislation should be implemented at an accelerated pace both at national level and right across India’s States and Union Territories. OECD Investment Policy Reviews: India charts India's progress in developing an effective policy framework to promote investment for development, especially since the acceleration of economic reform from 1991 onward. It focuses on policies towards investment, trade, competition and other elements of the business environment. Finally, it outlines some of the challenges of implementing national-level reforms at state level.
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  • 97
    ISBN: 9789264059269
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Series Statement: Etudes du Centre de Développement
    Series Statement: Études du Centre de développement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Is Informal Normal ?; Towards More and Better Jobs in Developing Countries
    Keywords: Employment ; Development
    Abstract: Le secteur informel prive les États de recettes publiques et les salariés de protection sociale. Cependant, il constitue souvent la partie la plus dynamique de l’économie et crée massivement des emplois. L’emploi informel est omniprésent et croissant. La crise financière qui a débuté en 2008 a fait de la gestion de l’emploi informel un sujet encore plus brûlant. Il est impératif de répondre à ce nouveau défi, non seulement pour le bien-être de millions de salariés mais aussi pour le développement social. Cet ouvrage donne des indications aux responsables politiques sur les moyens de traiter cette question d’une importance essentielle pour les pays en développement comme pour les pays industrialisés. « Dans des pays comme la Chine, l’ampleur exceptionnelle des migrations rurales vers les villes amplifie les problèmes posés par l’économie informelle. Ces travaux offrent des résultats analytiques précieux pour la compréhension de cette transformation majeure, de ses problèmes et de ses impacts. » Professeur Li Shi, Université Normale de Pékin « Cet ouvrage constitue une contribution importante aux débats actuels de politique économique sur l’économie informelle. Il recommande l’attribution d’aides aux travailleurs pauvres de l’économie informelle, ce qui permettrait de rendre les structures formelles plus efficientes, plus souples et plus créatrices d’emplois formels ». Professeur Marty Chen, Harvard Kennedy School et WIEGO « Les qualités de cet ouvrage sont nombreuses : des données montrant que « l’économie informelle est normale » ; des références à de nombreuses études et modes de pensée plus récents ; la stratégie cohérente à trois volets ; l’accessibilité. Ce livre servira de référence dans les travaux sur l’économie informelle au cours des années à venir ». Professeur Gary Fields, Université de Cornell
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  • 98
    ISBN: 9789264039575
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (308 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Improving School Leadership, Volume 2; Case Studies on System Leadership
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Improving School Leadership, Volume 2: Case Studies on System Leadership
    Keywords: Education ; Schulverwaltung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: La fonction de chef d’établissement scolaire a radicalement changé. En effet, les pays transforment leurs systèmes éducatifs pour préparer les jeunes aux mutations technologiques rapides d’aujourd’hui, à la mondialisation de l’économie et à l’accroissement des migrations. Dans ce contexte, les chefs d’établissement ont une nouvelle mission qui leur permet d’élargir leur champ d’activité au-delà des limites de leur propre établissement. Il s’agit maintenant pour eux de contribuer non seulement au succès de leur école mais aussi à celui du système dans son ensemble – afin que chaque école soit une bonne école. En quoi la direction systémique peut-elle contribuer à améliorer l’école ? Cet ouvrage dévoile les points de vue des spécialistes sur la question. Les études de cas portent sur des stratégies novatrices de répartition des fonctions de direction dans les établissements scolaires en Belgique (Flandre), en Finlande et au Royaume-Uni (Angleterre) ainsi que sur des programmes de perfectionnement de la direction en vue d’une amélioration du système en Australie et en Autriche. Ces pratiques étant nouvelles, cet ouvrage présente une première perspective comparée de l’état actuel de la direction systémique à l’échelle mondiale.
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Edition: 2009
    Series Statement: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Italy
    Keywords: Ländliche Entwicklung ; Entwicklungsplanung ; Italien ; Italien ; Ländliche Entwicklung ; Regionalpolitik
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  • 100
    ISBN: 9789264059740
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (114 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Cahiers de l'Afrique de l'Ouest
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. West African Perspectives; Resources for Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. West African Perspectives: Resources for Development
    Keywords: Development ; Africa, West Economic conditions ; Westafrika ; Entwicklungsökonomie
    Abstract: Ces Perspectives offrent une analyse accessible et synthétique des réalités de l’Afrique de l’Ouest. Elles s’adressent à un large public et illustrent leur propos par de nombreuses cartes. Elles se distinguent également par leur triple approche. Tout d’abord, l’ouvrage dégage à travers une analyse transversale les principaux enjeux et défis auxquels la région est confrontée et formule des propositions pour les relever. Il adopte ensuite une approche régionale et dresse un panorama des ressources ouest-africaines. L’analyse sort du strict champ économique pour explorer d’autres domaines, en particulier les ressources naturelles et le capital social, culturel et humain. Elle montre que les ressources de l’Afrique de l’Ouest sont nombreuses, variées et souvent partagées entre plusieurs de ses 18 pays. Enfin, ce livre apporte une contribution originale à la réflexion : il donne la parole à six témoins ouest-africains engagés dans le développement de leur région. Divers par leur origine et leur histoire personnelle, ces derniers ébauchent de réelles visions pour l’avenir des sociétés.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: West African perspectives : resources for development
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