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  • World Bank  (109)
  • Investments, Foreign  (43)
  • Poor  (37)
  • International trade  (33)
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  • 1
    ISBN: 9781464801266 , 9781464801273
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Serie: Directions in development
    DDC: 332.673096
    Schlagwort(e): Investments, Foreign ; Technology transfer ; Investments, Foreign ; Technology transfer ; Investments, Foreign ; Technology transfer ; Africa, Sub-Saharan ; Africa, Sub-Saharan Economic conditions ; Africa, Sub-Saharan Economic conditions
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Context, objectives, and methodologyConceptual frameworkThe role of mediating factors for FDI spillovers in developing countries : Evidence from a global datasetDetermining the nature and extent of spillovers : Empirical assessmentSector case study : miningSector case study : agribusinessSector case study : apparelSummary of main conclusionsPolicy implications.
    Anmerkung: "This study was prepared by Thomas Farole (Senior Economist, World Bank- PRMTR) and Deborah Winkler (Consultant Economist, World Bank- PRMTR) along with a team including: Cornelia Staritz (Vienna University and Austrian Research Foundation for International Development); Stacey Frederick (Duke University Center on Globalization, Governance, & Competitiveness); Rupert Barnard, Michelle de Bruyn, Philippa McLaren, and Nick Kempson (Kaiser Associates Economic Development) , Includes bibliographical references
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9781464800573
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 343.08
    Schlagwort(e): Foreign trade regulation ; Investments, Foreign ; Service industries Law and legislation ; Evaluation ; Trade regulation Evaluation ; Foreign trade regulation ; Investments, Foreign ; Service industries Law and legislation ; Evaluation ; Trade regulation Evaluation ; Foreign trade regulation ; Investments, Foreign ; Service industries ; Trade regulation
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and indexes
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, DC : World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821389270 , 9780821389287
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (p. cm)
    Ausgabe: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 332
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Financial institutions ; Microfinance ; Poor Finance, Personal ; Financial institutions ; Microfinance ; Poor Finance, Personal ; Financial institutions ; Microfinance ; Poor ; Mikrofinanzierung ; Kreditmarkt
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington DC : The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, The World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821398937
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xviii, 278 pages) , illustrations , 25 cm
    Ausgabe: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 330.9
    Schlagwort(e): Economic development ; International economic integration ; International trade ; Regional economic disparities ; Regional economics ; Economic development ; International economic integration ; International trade ; Regional economic disparities ; Regional economics ; Economic development ; International economic integration ; International trade ; Regional economic disparities ; Regional economics ; Developing countries ; Developing countries Commerce ; Developing countries Commerce
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9780821394656 , 9780821394663
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (p. cm)
    Ausgabe: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 330.95496
    Schlagwort(e): Investments, Foreign ; Labor market ; Investments, Foreign ; Labor market ; Investments, Foreign ; Labor market ; Nepal ; Nepal ; Nepal Economic conditions ; Nepal Economic policy ; Nepal Economic conditions ; Nepal Economic policy
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, DC : World Bank
    ISBN: 0821394517 , 0821395238 , 9780821394519 , 9780821395233
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xv, 169 p) , col. ill
    Ausgabe: 2015 World Bank eLibrary Also available on the Internet
    Schlagwort(e): Food prices Government policy ; Food prices ; Food security ; Nutrition ; Poor ; Food prices Government policy ; Food prices ; Food security ; Nutrition ; Poor ; Food prices ; Food prices ; Food security ; Nutrition ; Poor
    Anmerkung: Written by staffs of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund , Also available on the Internet.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9780821396049
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (p. cm)
    Ausgabe: 2012 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 333.79/13091724
    Schlagwort(e): Energy consumption ; Households Energy consumption ; Poor Energy assistance ; Energy consumption ; Households Energy consumption ; Poor Energy assistance ; Energy consumption ; Households ; Poor
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821389409 , 9780821394601
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (p. cm)
    Ausgabe: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    Serie: New frontiers of social policy
    DDC: 339.4/6
    Schlagwort(e): Cost and standard of living ; Financial crises Social aspects ; Global Financial Crisis, 2008-2009 Social aspects ; Poor ; Cost and standard of living ; Financial crises Social aspects ; Global Financial Crisis, 2008-2009 Social aspects ; Poor ; Cost and standard of living ; Financial crises ; Global Financial Crisis, 2008-2009 ; Poor ; Social aspects ; Social aspects
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, DC : World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821396698 , 9780821396704
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (p. cm)
    Ausgabe: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    Serie: MENA development reports
    DDC: 337.1/174927
    Schlagwort(e): Investments, Foreign ; Investments, Foreign ; Investments, Foreign ; Arab countries ; Arab countries ; Arab countries ; Middle East ; Middle East ; Arab countries Commerce ; Arab countries Commercial policy ; Arab countries Foreign economic relations ; Middle East Economic integration ; Middle East Economic policy ; Arab countries Commerce ; Arab countries Commercial policy ; Arab countries Foreign economic relations ; Middle East Economic integration ; Middle East Economic policy
    Anmerkung: "A Trade and Foreign Direct Investment Report for the Deauville Partnership , Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821386316 , 9780821386323
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xx, 327 p) , ill , 28 cm
    Ausgabe: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 382/.3
    Schlagwort(e): Balance of trade ; International economic relations ; International trade ; Balance of trade ; International economic relations ; International trade ; Balance of trade ; International economic relations ; International trade
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 11
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821385623 , 9780821385630
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xxi, 88 p) , ill. (some col.) , 26 cm
    Ausgabe: 2011 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 339.4/609567
    Schlagwort(e): Cost and standard of living ; Poor ; Poverty ; Cost and standard of living ; Poor ; Poverty ; Cost and standard of living ; Poor ; Poverty ; Iraq ; Iraq Economic conditions ; Iraq Economic conditions
    Anmerkung: "Poverty Reduction Strategy High Committee Government of Iraq , Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821388181 , 9780821388860
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xviii, 201 p) , ill , 24 cm
    Ausgabe: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 338.968
    Schlagwort(e): Investments, Foreign ; Technological innovations ; Technology transfer ; Investments, Foreign ; Technological innovations ; Technology transfer ; Investments, Foreign ; Technological innovations ; Technology transfer ; Africa, Southern ; Africa, Southern Economic policy ; Africa, Southern Economic policy
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1. Technology absorption and its determinants: an introduction2. Channels of and constraints to technology absorption -- 3. Policy options for greater technology absorption.
    Anmerkung: "This study was carried out by a team jointly led by Itzhak Goldberg (Consultant) and Smita Kuriakose (Economist, the World Bank) and comprised of David E. Kaplan (Professor, University of Cape Town), Krista Tuomi (Lecturer, American University), Reza Daniels (Lecturer, University of Cape Town) and Peter Draper (Senior Research Fellow, SAIIA) , Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 13
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 0821384120 , 9780821384121
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (ix, 93 p) , 26 cm.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 CD-ROM (4 3/4in.)
    Ausgabe: 2010 World Bank eLibrary
    Serie: World Bank study
    DDC: 657/.45
    Schlagwort(e): International trade Auditing ; Transportation Auditing ; International trade Auditing ; Transportation Auditing ; International trade ; Transportation
    Kurzfassung: The Trade and Transport Facilitation audit toolkit provides a simple and cost-effective instrument to analyze bottlenecks in international supply chains and to prepare corrective measures. Its key insight is that considerable knowledge can be easily obtained by interviewing key participants in the commercial or procedural transactions that combine to form international supply chains. These participants include private service providers such as freight forwarders, exporters, transporters and bankers as well as public agencies such as customs, port authorities, and transport regulators. The first chapters introduce the conceptual framework and some of the reasons for conducting an audit. The third describes the implementation of the audit including planning and scheduling, resource requirements and organization of the analysis and preparation of the reports. The annexes provide additional information on the concept, the methodology and content of the audit. The Interview Guides provides the scope for the meetings and checklists for all categories of interviewees and field visits
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 88-92) , The first version of the Toolkit was developed by John Raven and Marc Juhel in 2001
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 14
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 0821379348 , 0821379550 , 9780821379349 , 9780821379554
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xvii, 282 p) , ill , 26 cm
    Ausgabe: 2009 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 331.1209172/4
    Schlagwort(e): International trade Social aspects ; Labor Social aspects ; Labor market ; International trade Social aspects ; Labor Social aspects ; Labor market ; International trade ; Labor ; Labor market ; Developing countries ; Developing countries Commerce ; Developing countries Commerce
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Overview: the promises and perils of globalization / Raymond Robertson ... [et al.]A review of the globailization literature: implications for employment, wages, and labor standards / Drusilla Brown -- Globalization and working conditions : a framework for county studies / Raymond Robertson -- Globalization and working conditions : evidence from Cambodia / Samsen Neak and Raymond Robertson -- The effect of globalization on working conditions: El Salvador, 1995-2005 -- Globalization and working conditions : evidence from Honduras / Douglas Marcouiller and Raymond Robertson -- Globalization and working conditions: evidence from Indonesia / Raymond Robertson ... [et al.] -- Export processing zones in Madagascar: the impact of the dismantling of clothing quotas on employment and labor standards / Jean-Pierre Cling, Mireille Razafindrakoto, and François Roubaud.
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 15
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, DC : World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821374443 , 9780821377406
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xxiv, 308 p) , ill , 23 cm
    Ausgabe: 2009 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 362.1/042
    Schlagwort(e): Equality Health aspects ; Health services accessibility ; Poor Cross-cultural studies Medical care ; World health ; Equality Health aspects ; Health services accessibility ; Poor Cross-cultural studies Medical care ; World health ; Cross-Cultural Comparison ; Developing Countries ; Health Policy ; Health Status Disparities ; Healthcare Disparities ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Equality ; Health services accessibility ; Health aspects ; Poor ; World health ; Medical care ; Cross-Cultural Comparison ; Cross-cultural studies ; Developing Countries ; Health Policy ; Health Status Disparities ; Healthcare Disparities ; Socioeconomic Factors
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: An unacceptable realityApproaching a complex and persistent problem -- The importance of "listening" -- A menu of pro-poor policies -- Brazil, filling the cracks in universal coverage -- Cambodia: contracting with nongovernmental organizations to serve the poor -- Cambodia: health equity fund for the poor -- Chile: integrated services program for the poor -- Colombia: expanding health insurance for the poor -- India: community-based health care services -- Indonesia: health cards for the poor -- Kenya: expanding immunization reach through campaigns -- The Kyrgyz Republic: health financing reform and the poor -- Mexico: paying the poor to use health services -- Mexico: providing subsidized health insurance to the poor -- Nepal: participatory planning -- Rwanda: community-based health insurance -- Tanzania: social marketing for malaria prevention -- Vigilance.
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 289-294) and index
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 16
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 0821378406 , 0821378422 , 9780821378403 , 9780821378427
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (v. 〈1〉) , ill., tables , 28 cm
    Ausgabe: World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 336.3/435/091724
    Schlagwort(e): Debts, External Statistics ; Finance ; International finance ; Investments, Foreign ; Debts, External Statistics ; Finance ; International finance ; Investments, Foreign ; Debts, External ; Finance ; International finance ; Developing countries ; Developing countries ; Statistics ; Investments, Foreign
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: v. 1: Review, analysis, and outlookv. 2: Summary and country tables.
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  • 17
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 4826
    Paralleltitel: Schiff, Maurice W The regional dimension of North-South trade-related r&d spillover
    Schlagwort(e): Diffusion of innovations ; Industrial productivity. i ; International trade ; Diffusion of innovations ; Industrial productivity. i ; International trade
    Kurzfassung: "This paper examines the impact of trade with Japan, North America, and the European Union on technology diffusion and total factor productivity growth in Korea, Mexico, and Jordan. Measures of foreign research and development are constructed based on industry-specific research and development in the North, North-South trade patterns, and input-output relations in the South. The findings show that technology diffusion and productivity gains tend to be regional. Jordan benefits mainly from trade with the European Union, Korea from trade with Japan, and Mexico from trade with North America. In other words, the dynamic version of the "natural trading partners" hypothesis holds for these countries. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 18
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, DC : World Bank | [Tunisia] : Infrastructure Consortium for Africa | [Washington, D.C.] : Public-Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility
    ISBN: 0821377302 , 0821377310 , 9780821377307 , 9780821377314
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 111 pages) , color illustrations , 23 cm
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 658.15/224
    Schlagwort(e): Infrastructure (Economics) ; Investments, Foreign ; Public works Finance ; Public-private sector cooperation
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-104) and index
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  • 19
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 0821374729 , 9780821374726
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xxv, 155 p) , ill , 23 cm
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available on the World Wide Web
    Serie: Directions in development. Trade
    Schlagwort(e): Economic development ; Exports ; Investments, Foreign ; Economic development ; Exports ; Investments, Foreign ; Economic development ; Exports ; Investments, Foreign ; Balkan Peninsula ; Balkan Peninsula ; Balkan Peninsula ; Balkan Peninsula Commerce ; Balkan Peninsula Economic integration ; Balkan Peninsula Economic policy ; Balkan Peninsula Commerce ; Balkan Peninsula Economic integration ; Balkan Peninsula Economic policy
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Motivation and macroeconomic context -- Trade trends and patterns and labor competitiveness -- Deepening integration -- Services as an engine of growth: the regional dimension of trade in services -- Attracting private investment.
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 143-148) and index , Also available on the World Wide Web.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 20
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 0821375679 , 0821375687 , 9780821375679 , 9780821375686
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xxiii, 121 p) , col. ill , 28 cm.
    Zusätzliches Material: CD-ROM (4 3/4 in.)
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    DDC: 382.09/0511
    Schlagwort(e): Commercial statistics ; Commercial statistics Databases ; Economic indicators ; Economic indicators Databases ; International trade ; International trade Databases ; Commercial statistics ; Commercial statistics Databases ; Economic indicators ; Economic indicators Databases ; International trade ; International trade Databases ; Commercial statistics ; Commercial statistics ; Economic indicators ; Databases ; Economic indicators ; International trade ; Databases ; International trade
    Anmerkung: Errata slip inserted , Includes bibliographical references (p. [119]-121) and index
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 21
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 4687
    Paralleltitel: Gozzi, Juan Carlos Patterns of international capital raisings
    Schlagwort(e): Investments, Foreign ; Investments, Foreign
    Kurzfassung: "This paper documents several new patterns associated with firms issuing securities in foreign markets that motivate the need for and help guide future research. Besides noting that these international capital raisings grew almost four-fold from 1991 to 2005, accounting for 35 percent of all capital raised through security issuances, the paper has three main findings. First, a large and growing fraction of capital raisings, especially debt issuances, occurs in international markets, but a very small number of firms accounts for the bulk of international capital raisings, highlighting the distributional implications of financial globalization. Second, changes in firm performance following equity and debt issuances in international markets are qualitatively similar to those following domestic issuances, suggesting that capital raisings abroad are not intrinsically different from domestic ones. Third, after firms start accessing international markets, they significantly increase the amount raised in domestic markets, suggesting that international and domestic markets are complements. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/20/2009 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 22
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 4689
    Paralleltitel: Fung, K. C China and Central and Eastern European countries
    Schlagwort(e): Investments, Foreign ; Investments, Foreign ; Investments, Foreign ; Investments, Foreign ; Investments, Foreign ; Investments, Foreign
    Kurzfassung: "China has emerged as one of the top recipients of foreign direct investment in the world. Meanwhile, the successful transition experience of many Central and Eastern European countries has also allowed them to attract an increasing share of global foreign direct investment. In this paper, the authors use a panel data set to investigate whether foreign direct investment flows to these two regions are complements, substitutes, or independent of each other. Taking into account the role of host country characteristics - such as market size, degree of trade liberalization, and human capital - the authors find no evidence that foreign direct investment flows to one region are at the expense of those to the other. Instead, the results suggest that foreign direct investment flows are driven by distinct regional production networks (and thus are largely independent of each other) and the development of global supply chains (indicating that foreign direct investment flows are complementary). "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/20/2009 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 23
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 4730
    Paralleltitel: Fernandes, Ana Margarida Foreign direct investment in services and manufacturing productivity growth
    Schlagwort(e): Industrial productivity ; Investments, Foreign ; Industrial productivity ; Investments, Foreign
    Kurzfassung: "During the 1990s, foreign direct investment in producer service sectors in Latin America was massive. Such investment may increase the quality of services, reduce their cost, and offer opportunities for knowledge spillovers to downstream users of the services. This paper examines the effects of foreign direct investment in services on manufacturing productivity growth in Chile between 1992 and 2004. The authors estimate an extended production function where plant output growth depends on input growth and a weighted measure of foreign direct investment in services. The novelty of the approach is that the authors are able to assess the intensity of usage of various types of services at the plant level and use that information in the estimation of the importance of foreign direct investment in those services. The econometric results show a positive and significant effect of foreign direct investment in services on productivity growth of Chilean manufacturing plants which is robust to a multitude of tests. The economic impact of the estimates is that forward linkages from foreign direct investment in services account for almost 5 percent of the observed increase in Chilean manufacturing productivity growth during the sample period. This evidence therefore suggests that reducing the barriers restricting foreign direct investment in services in many developing economies may help accelerate productivity growth in their manufacturing sectors. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/12/2009 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 24
    ISBN: 0821371894 , 9780821371893
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (viii, 92 p) , col. ill , 28 cm
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available online
    Serie: Occasional paper / FIAS 18
    Schlagwort(e): Foreign Investment Advisory Service ; Foreign Investment Advisory Service ; Investments, Foreign ; Investments, Foreign ; Latvia Economic conditions 21st century ; Latvia Economic policy 21st century ; Latvia Economic conditions 21st century ; Latvia Economic policy 21st century
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 91-92) , Also available online.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 25
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821372258 , 9780821372265
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xii, 144 p) , ill , 23 cm
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Environment and development (Washington, D.C.)
    DDC: 382
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Climatic changes Economic aspects ; International trade Environmental aspects ; Climatic changes Economic aspects ; International trade Environmental aspects ; Climatic changes ; International trade ; Welthandel ; Klimaschutz ; World Trade Organization ; Klimaänderung
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 133-138) and index
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 26
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : Palgrave Macmillan
    ISBN: 0821369296 , 082136930X , 0821370308 , 9780821369296 , 9780821369302 , 9780821370308
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xix, 308 p) , ill , 25 cm
    Ausgabe: Rev. ed
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    DDC: 337
    Schlagwort(e): Capital movements ; Economic assistance ; Economic development ; Economic policy ; Emigration and immigration ; Globalization Economic aspects ; Globalization Economic aspects ; International economic relations ; International trade ; Poverty ; Capital movements ; Economic assistance ; Economic development ; Economic policy ; Emigration and immigration ; Globalization Economic aspects ; Globalization Economic aspects ; International economic relations ; International trade ; Poverty ; Capital movements ; Economic assistance ; Economic development ; Economic policy ; Emigration and immigration ; Globalization ; Globalization ; International economic relations ; Economic aspects ; Economic aspects ; International trade ; Developing countries ; Poverty
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Background and context -- Globalization and poverty -- Trade -- Finance -- Aid -- Migration/with Andrew L. Beath -- Ideas -- Toward a policy agenda.
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 265-284) and index
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  • 27
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3805
    Paralleltitel: Wang, Youjuan Di bao
    Schlagwort(e): Guaranteed annual income ; Poor ; Guaranteed annual income ; Poor
    Kurzfassung: "Concerns about incentives and targeting naturally arise when cash transfers are used to fight poverty. The authors address these concerns in the context of China's Di Bao program, which uses means-tested transfers to try to assure that no registered urban resident has an income below a stipulated poverty line. There is little sign in the data of poverty traps due to high benefit withdrawal rates. Targeting performance is excellent by various measures. Di Bao appears to be better targeted than any other program in the developing world. However, all but one measure of targeting performance is found to be uninformative, or even deceptive, about impacts on poverty. The authors find that the majority of the poor are not receiving help, even with a generous allowance for measurement errors. While on paper, Di Bao would eliminate urban poverty, it falls well short of that ideal in practice. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 1/10/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 28
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3861
    Paralleltitel: Baker, Judy L Integrated urban upgrading for the poor
    Schlagwort(e): Community development ; Low-income housing ; Poor ; Community development ; Low-income housing ; Poor
    Kurzfassung: "This study looks at the experience of integrated urban upgrading in a low-income neighborhood of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Infrastructure and social investments have been made in the community through a government program, with community participation playing a major role in the design and implementation. This approach is now perceived to be highly successful in terms of its implementation and positive impact on living conditions, and will provide the basis for a major state-wide program. This paper analyzes the lessons learned from the experience, with implications for scaling up as well as applications for other urban upgrading programs. Among the key issues looked at are: (1) what has worked well with the integrated urban upgrading approach and what has not; (2) how cost-effective the interventions were; (3) institutional arrangements given the multi-sectoral approach; and (4) sustainability issues of financing, tenure security, the prevention of further slum expansion, operations and maintenance, environmental sustainability, and job creation, and how they will impact on the poor over time. Key findings point to the importance of community participation, clear roles and responsibilities in institutional arrangements, the need for strong local government participation, and the high costs and challenges of providing housing for the poor. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/8/2006 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 29
    Online-Ressource
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    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3841
    Paralleltitel: Nicita, Alessandro Export led growth, pro-poor or not?
    Schlagwort(e): Globalization ; Job creation ; Poor ; Textile industry ; Globalization ; Job creation ; Poor ; Textile industry
    Kurzfassung: "Madagascar's textile and apparel industry has been among the fastest growing in Sub-Saharan Africa. Fueled by low labor costs, a fairly productive labor force, and preferential access to industrial countries, Madagascar's exports of textile and apparel products grew from about US
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 2/7/2006 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 30
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3889
    Paralleltitel: Do, Quy Toan Comparative advantage, demand for external finance, and financial development
    Schlagwort(e): Comparative advantage (International trade) ; Debts, External ; Investments, Foreign ; Comparative advantage (International trade) ; Debts, External ; Investments, Foreign
    Kurzfassung: "The differences in the levels of financial development between industrial and developing countries are large and persistent. Theoretical and empirical literature has argued that these differences are the source of comparative advantage and could therefore shape trade patterns. This paper points out the reverse link: financial development is influenced by comparative advantage. The authors illustrate this idea using a model in which a country's financial development is an equilibrium outcome of the economy's productive structure: financial systems are more developed in countries with large financially intensive sectors. After trade opening demand for external finance, and therefore financial development, are higher in a country that specializes in financially intensive goods. By contrast, financial development is lower in countries that primarily export goods which do not rely on external finance. The authors demonstrate this effect empirically using data on financial development and export patterns in a panel of 96 countries over the period 1970-99. Using trade data, they construct a summary measure of a country's external finance need of exports and relate it to the level of financial development. In order to overcome the simultaneity problem, they adopt a strategy in the spirit of Frankel and Romer (1999). The authors exploit sector-level bilateral trade data to construct, for each country and time period, a predicted value of external finance need of exports based on the estimated effect of geography variables on trade volumes across sectors. Their results indicate that financial development is an equilibrium outcome that depends strongly on a country's trade pattern. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/19/2006 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 31
    Online-Ressource
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    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3834
    Paralleltitel: Manroth, Astrid Access to financial services in Colombia
    Schlagwort(e): Financial services industry ; Poor ; Financial services industry ; Poor
    Kurzfassung: "The authors look at the depth of the financial sector in Bogota in terms of the "financial exclusion" of those, particularly poorer citizens, who operate without accounts in formal financial institutions-the unbanked. They begin with a review of the overall decline in financial intermediation from 1998 to 2003, which explains, in part, the high percentage of unbanked-61 percent in a recent household survey in Bogota. The authors next look at the banking system today, concluding that the present challenge is to increase financial intermediation overall, especially with the poor. Their analysis shows that Colombia's banks provide costly services mainly catered toward high-income clients. Existing fees and costs of checking, savings, and loan services average 5-10 percent of a monthly minimum wage, making them hard to afford for low-income clients. The authors also explore the characteristics and impacts of financial exclusion associated with lower and more uncertain incomes, lower education, and closer links to the informal sector. They cite the household survey conducted in Bogota, showing that 70 percent of the unbanked earn less than one minimum wage per month, are three times more likely to be unemployed than the banked, and have lower education levels. The unbanked save and borrow largely in the informal sector, at greater risk and greater cost. At the same time, however, high home ownership rates show that the unbanked have the capacity to build assets, demonstrating that they have "bankable" characteristics. The authors conclude with recommendations for government and for the financial sector to broaden access for the benefit of public and private sectors, and for the unbanked. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 2/6/2006 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 32
    Online-Ressource
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    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3882
    Paralleltitel: Busse, Matthias Foreign direct investment, regulations, and growth
    Schlagwort(e): Economic development ; Investments, Foreign ; Economic development ; Investments, Foreign
    Kurzfassung: "This paper explores the linkage between income growth rates and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows. So far the evidence is rather mixed, as no robust relationship between FDI and income growth has been established. The authors argue that countries need a sound business environment in the form of good government regulations to be able to benefit from FDI. Using a comprehensive data set for regulations, they test this hypothesis and find evidence that excessive regulations restrict growth through FDI only in the most regulated economies. This result holds true for different specifications of the econometric model, including instrumental variable regressions. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/19/2006 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 33
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    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3909
    Paralleltitel: Djankov, Simeon Trading on time
    Schlagwort(e): International trade ; Time Economic aspects ; International trade ; Time Economic aspects
    Kurzfassung: "The authors determine how time delays affect international trade using newly collected World Bank data on the days it takes to move standard cargo from the factory gate to the ship in 126 countries. They estimate a modified gravity equation, controlling for endogeneity and remoteness. On average, each additional day that a product is delayed prior to being shipped reduces trade by at least 1 percent. Put differently, each day is equivalent to a country distancing itself from its trade partners by 70 kilometers on average. Delays have an even greater impact on developing country exports and exports of time-sensitive goods, such as perishable agricultural products. In particular, a day's delay reduces a country's relative exports of time-sensitive to time-insensitive agricultural goods by 6 percent. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/10/2006 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 34
    Online-Ressource
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    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3907
    Paralleltitel: Reshef, Ariell Trade and harmonization
    Schlagwort(e): Infrastructure (Economics) ; International trade ; Infrastructure (Economics) ; International trade
    Kurzfassung: "Good institutional quality (function) and similar institutional design (form) can promote international trade by reducing transactions costs. The authors evaluate the relative importance of function versus form in a gravity model, using an indicator of different legal systems as a proxy for differences in form, together with indicators of overall institutional quality. They find that good institutions promote trade much more than similar legal systems and have much more explanatory power. This effect is economically large-up to 10 times the effect of different legal systems. Moreover, better infrastructure matters as much as good institutions. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2006 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 35
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : Palgrave Macmillan
    ISBN: 0821362747 , 9780821362747
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xix, 308 p) , ill , 24 cm
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    DDC: 337
    Schlagwort(e): Capital movements ; Economic assistance ; Economic development ; Economic policy ; Emigration and immigration ; Globalization Economic aspects ; Globalization Economic aspects ; International economic relations ; International trade ; Poverty ; Capital movements ; Economic assistance ; Economic development ; Economic policy ; Emigration and immigration ; Globalization Economic aspects ; Globalization Economic aspects ; International economic relations ; International trade ; Poverty ; Capital movements ; Economic assistance ; Economic development ; Economic policy ; Emigration and immigration ; Globalization ; Globalization ; International economic relations ; Economic aspects ; Economic aspects ; International trade ; Developing countries ; Poverty
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 265-284) and index
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 36
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3836
    Paralleltitel: Do, Quy Toan Trade, inequality, and the political economy of institutions
    Schlagwort(e): Equality ; Income distribution ; International trade ; Equality ; Income distribution ; International trade
    Kurzfassung: "The authors analyze the relationship between international trade and the quality of economic institutions such as contract enforcement, rule of law, or property rights. The literature on institutions has argued, both empirically and theoretically, that larger firms care less about good institutions and that higher inequality leads to worse institutions. Recent literature on international trade enables the authors to analyze economies with heterogeneous firms, and argue that trade opening leads to a reallocation of production in which large firms grow larger, while small firms become smaller or disappear. Combining these two strands of literature, the authors build a model that has two key features. First, preferences over institutional quality differ across firms and depend on firm size. Second, institutional quality is endogenously determined in a political economy framework. They show that trade opening can worsen institutions when it increases the political power of a small elite of large exporters that prefer to maintain bad institutions. The detrimental effect of trade on institutions is most likely to occur when a small country captures a sufficiently large share of world exports in sectors characterized by economic profits. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 2/7/2006 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 37
    Online-Ressource
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    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3832
    Paralleltitel: Luo, Xubei Entering the union
    Schlagwort(e): International economic integration ; International trade ; International economic integration ; International trade ; Europe Commerce ; Europe Economic integration ; Europe Commerce ; Europe Economic integration
    Kurzfassung: "The authors examine the impact of trade facilitation on bilateral trade flows. They examine trade facilitation and capacity-building priorities in 12 countries in the Europe and Central Asia region-eight of the current members of the European Union: Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia, and three candidate members: Bulgaria, Romania, and Turkey. The results suggest that behind-the-border factors play an important role in determining bilateral trade flows (controlling for the effects of tariffs, development levels, distance, and regional characteristics of exporters and importers, among other factors). The development of new data sets to expand work related to trade facilitation, including strengthening the empirical work explored here, is a key priority without which intelligent policy and priorities cannot be made. The authors' analysis is based on data from the World Economic Forum, Global Competitiveness Report 2001-2002, World Competitiveness Yearbook 2000, and Kaufmann, Kraay, and Zoido-Lobaton (2002). The results indicate that more gains in exports than in imports are expected should the values of three out of the four indicators (port efficiency, regulatory regimes, and information technology infrastructure) of the new and candidate member countries improve halfway to the EU15 average. These countries would expect large trade gains as well as improvements in trade balances as their integration into the EU continues. For example, the greatest absolute trade gains-
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 2/6/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 38
    Online-Ressource
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    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3835
    Paralleltitel: John, Patrick The urban unbanked in Mexico and the United States
    Schlagwort(e): Low-income consumers ; Low-income consumers ; Microfinance ; Microfinance ; Poor ; Poor ; Low-income consumers ; Low-income consumers ; Microfinance ; Microfinance ; Poor ; Poor
    Kurzfassung: "This paper examines the ways in which lower-income households obtain basic financial services in urban communities in Mexico and the United States. And it discusses the efforts that private sector and government organizations are making to lower the cost or improve the quality of those services. The paper summarizes available information on these issues and assesses the rationale and challenges facing the strategies that both countries are using to improve the financial services available to lower-income households, giving particular attention to "unbanked" households, meaning households that do not have deposit accounts with any regulated deposit-taking institution, and also to lower-income households in large urban areas. In comparing the experiences of the two countries, the paper reviews the extent to which lower-income households are unbanked, their use of non-bank financial services, and strategies for improving financial services to the unbanked. The underlying differences between the countries' typical household incomes-national income per capita in Mexico in 2002 was US
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 2/7/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 39
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 0821360671 , 082136068X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xxvi, 197 p) , ill , 23 cm
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Directions in development
    DDC: 338.1/09172/4
    Schlagwort(e): Agricultural assistance ; Agricultural development projects ; Agriculture Economic aspects ; Agriculture and state ; Poor ; Poverty ; Public-private sector cooperation ; Agricultural assistance ; Agricultural development projects ; Agriculture Economic aspects ; Agriculture and state ; Poor ; Poverty ; Public-private sector cooperation ; Agricultural assistance ; Agricultural development projects ; Agriculture ; Agriculture and state ; Poor ; Poverty ; Public-private sector cooperation
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 175-184) and index
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 40
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3501
    Paralleltitel: Jensen, Jesper Telecommunications reform within Russia's accession to the World Trade Organization
    Schlagwort(e): World Trade Organization ; World Trade Organization ; Investments, Foreign ; Telecommunication ; Telecommunication policy ; Investments, Foreign ; Telecommunication ; Telecommunication policy
    Kurzfassung: "In World Trade Organization (WTO) accession negotiations, telecommunications is always a sector that receives close scrutiny by the WTO Working Party, and the extent of market access and nondiscriminatory treatment of multinational telecommunications companies in Russia has been a significant issue in Russia's accession negotiations. Jensen, Rutherford, and Tarr use a computable general equilibrium model of the Russian economy to assess the role of telecommunications in the discussions regarding Russian accession to the WTO. The results show that reduction of barriers to foreign direct investment in telecommunications will bring substantial gains to the Russian economy, including an increase in the productivity of Russian labor and capital. Despite the fact that multinationals use Russian labor less intensively than Russian firms, demand for Russian labor employed in telecommunications should increase, following reductions in barriers to foreign direct investment that are included in the context of WTO accession. This is because the overall demand for telecommunication services should increase due to the growth effects of the liberalization of barriers against foreign direct investment generally and the reduction in tariffs. Russian capital owners in telecommunications will likely be sought as joint venture partners and can restructure and obtain gains as partners with foreign firms. Wholly owned Russian firms are likely to experience losses. This paper--a product of the Trade Team, Development Research Group--is part of a larger effort in the group to assess the consequences of liberalization of barriers against foreign direct investment in services"--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 1/28/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 41
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3627
    Paralleltitel: Kenny, Charles Reforming the posts
    Schlagwort(e): Poor ; Postal service ; Poor ; Postal service
    Kurzfassung: "The monopoly-supported universal service obligation (USO) is usually defended on the grounds that the monopoly allows for cross-subsidy in letter services that in turn allows universal access to a service of great importance to all. The author argues that letter delivery (as opposed to other services that may be provided by post offices) is not in universal demand in poor countries, that the size of the market in developing countries is such that USOs could not be met under the monopoly model, and that the monopoly carries heavy costs for sector development and consumer welfare. He proposes in the place of the postal USO a competitive approach involving universal access to a range of services that poor people have a need to access. Regarding reform of the incumbent, the author takes a preliminary first cut at examining the statistical relationship between postal performance (as measured by letters per capita allowing for income per capita), trust in the postal service, and postal efficiency, and finds a significant link between the three. The results suggest that reforms that improve postal efficiency and trust in the postal network will improve the performance of the postal network. The author suggests that there may be better uses of cross-subsidy from within the sector and government subsidy from without than supporting the inefficient delivery of a service rarely used by poor people. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/23/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 42
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3601
    Paralleltitel: Aroca González, Patricio Migration, trade, and foreign investment in Mexico
    Schlagwort(e): Investments, Foreign ; Migration, Internal ; Investments, Foreign ; Migration, Internal ; Mexico Emigration and immigration ; United States Emigration and immigration ; Mexico Emigration and immigration ; United States Emigration and immigration
    Kurzfassung: "Part of the rationale for the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was that it would increase trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) flows, creating jobs and reducing migration to the United States. Since poor data on illegal flows to the United States make direct measurement difficult, Aroca and Maloney instead evaluate the mechanism behind these predictions using data on migration within Mexico where the census data permit careful analysis. They offer the first specifications for migration within Mexico, incorporating measures of cost of living, amenities, and networks. Contrary to much of the literature, labor market variables enter very significantly and as predicted once the authors control for possible credit constraint effects. Greater exposure to FDI and trade deters out-migration with the effects working partly through the labor market. Finally, the authors generate some tentative inferences about the impact on increased FDI on Mexico-U.S. migration. On average, a doubling of FDI inflows leads to a 1.5-2 percent fall in migration. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/24/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 43
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3736
    Paralleltitel: Anderson, Kym Distortions to world trade
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture Economic aspects ; Farm produce ; International trade ; Agriculture Economic aspects ; Farm produce ; International trade
    Kurzfassung: "The authors provide estimates of the impact that removing all merchandise trade distortions (including agricultural subsidies) would have on food and agricultural production, trade, and incomes. Using the latest versions of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) database and the World Bank's LINKAGE model of the global economy (projected to 2015), their results suggest farm employment, the real value of agricultural output and exports, the real returns to farm land and unskilled labor, and real net farm incomes would all rise substantially in developing country regions with a move to free merchandise trade, thereby alleviating rural poverty-despite the decline in international terms of trade for developing countries that are net food importers or are enjoying preferential access to agricultural markets of high-income countries. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 9/30/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 44
    Online-Ressource
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    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3740
    Paralleltitel: Lindelow, Magnus Health shocks in China
    Schlagwort(e): Health insurance ; Medical care, Cost of ; Medical economics ; Poor ; Health insurance ; Medical care, Cost of ; Medical economics ; Poor
    Kurzfassung: "Health shocks have been shown to have important economic consequences in industrial countries. Less is known about how health shocks affect income, consumption, labor market outcomes, and medical expenditures in middle- and low-income countries. The authors explore these issues in China. In addition to providing new evidence on the general impact of health shocks, they also extend previous work by assessing the extent of risk protection afforded by formal health insurance, and by examining differences in the impact of health shocks between the rich and poor. The authors find that health shocks are associated with a substantial and significant reduction in income and labor supply. There are indications that the impact on income is less important for the insured, possibly because health insurance coverage is also associated with limited sickness insurance, but the effect is not significant. They also find evidence that negative health shocks are associated with an increase in unearned income for the poor but not the non-poor. This effect is however not strong enough to offset the impact on overall income. The loss in income is a consequence of a reduction in labor supply for the head of household, and the authors do not find evidence that other household members compensate by increasing their labor supply. Finally, negative health shocks are associated with a significant increase in out-of-pocket health care expenditures. More surprisingly, there is some evidence that the increase is greater for the insured than the uninsured. The findings suggest that households are exposed to considerable health-related shocks to disposable income, both through loss of income and health expenditures, and that health insurance offers very limited protection. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 10/4/2005 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 45
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3801
    Paralleltitel: Dollar, David Neither a borrower nor a lender
    Schlagwort(e): Alien property ; Capital movements ; Investments, Foreign ; Alien property ; Capital movements ; Investments, Foreign
    Kurzfassung: "China in the past few years has emerged as a net foreign creditor on the international scene with net foreign assets slightly greater than zero percent of wealth. This is surprising given that China is a relatively poor country with a capital-labor ratio about one-fifth the world average and one-tenth the U.S. level. The main questions that the authors address are whether it makes economic sense for China to be a net creditor and how they see China's net foreign asset position evolving over the next 20 years. They calibrate a theoretical model of international capital flows featuring diminishing returns, production risk, and sovereign risk. The calibrations for China yield a predicted net foreign asset position of -17 percent of China's wealth. The authors also estimate nonstructural cross-country regressions of determinants of net foreign assets in which China is always a significant outlier with 5 to 7 percentage points more of net foreign assets relative to wealth than is predicted by its characteristics. China's extensive capital controls can explain why its current net foreign asset position is far away from what is predicted by open-economy models and cross-country empirics. It seems reasonable to assume that China's international financial integration will increase over time. The authors calibrate and predict different scenarios out to 2025. These scenarios are necessarily speculative, but it is interesting that they typically imply negative net foreign asset positions between 3 and 9 percent of wealth. What may be counter-intuitive for many policymakers is that successful institutional reform and productivity growth are likely to lead to more negative net foreign asset positions than occurs with stagnation. Starting from China's zero net foreign assets position, it would take current account deficits in the range of 2-5 percent of GDP to reach any of these net foreign assets positions. These are not unreasonable deficits, but they require a large adjustment from the present 6 percent of GDP current account surplus. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 12/16/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 46
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
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    Serie: Policy research working paper 3784
    Paralleltitel: Diop, Ndiame Trade costs, export development, and poverty in Rwanda
    Schlagwort(e): Exports ; Poor ; Exports ; Poor ; Rwanda Commerce ; Rwanda Commerce
    Kurzfassung: "For Rwanda, one of the poorest countries in the world, trade offers the most effective route for substantial poverty reduction. But the poor in Rwanda, most of whom are subsistence farmers in rural areas, are currently disconnected from markets and commercial activities by extremely high transport costs and by severe constraints on their ability to shift out of subsistence farming. The constraints include lack of access to credit and lack of access to information on the skills and techniques required to produce commercial crops. The paper is based on information from the household survey and a recent diagnostic study of constraints to trade in Rwanda. It provides a number of indicative simulations that show the potential for substantial reductions in poverty from initiatives that reduce trade costs, enhance the quality of exportable goods, and facilitate movement out of subsistence into commercial activities. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 12/2/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 47
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
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    Serie: Policy research working paper 3718
    Paralleltitel: Mattoo, Aaditya Services in a development round
    Schlagwort(e): World Trade Organization ; World Trade Organization ; International trade ; Labor mobility ; Service industries Government policy ; International trade ; Labor mobility ; Service industries Government policy
    Kurzfassung: "The benefits of services trade reform are huge but services negotiations in the World Trade Organization (WTO) are making little progress. A proximate cause is the current negotiating process, based on an inertial request-and-offer approach rather than a set of goals that would give direction and momentum to the negotiations. The paper suggests that WTO members should consider: (1) locking in the current openness of cross-border trade for a wide range of services; (2) eliminating barriers to foreign investment either immediately or in a phased manner where regulatory inadequacies need to be remedied; and (3) allowing greater freedom of international movement at least for intra-corporate transferees and for service providers to fulfill specific services contracts. A deeper problem is that WTO members have sought to negotiate market access in services without adequately addressing concerns that the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) commitments limit regulatory freedom unduly and unpredictably, that regulatory institutions in many countries are too weak to cope with liberalized markets, and that there is no provision for the regulatory cooperation that is necessary for successful liberalization, particularly of temporary labor mobility. Three types of actions are needed: (1) at the current stage of its development, the GATS must focus primarily on disciplines for measures that discriminate against foreign services and providers, rather than on politically sensitive and legally complex rules for nondiscriminatory measures; (2) a credible assistance mechanism must be established to help developing countries make the regulatory improvements needed for successful liberalization; and (3) where necessary, WTO members should make access commitments on labor mobility conditional on the fulfillment of specific conditions by source countries-to screen services providers, accept and facilitate their return, and combat illegal migration. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 9/16/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 48
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
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    Serie: Policy research working paper 3676
    Paralleltitel: Hoekman, Bernard M Trade and employment
    Schlagwort(e): Free trade ; International trade ; Labor market ; Wages ; Free trade ; International trade ; Labor market ; Wages
    Kurzfassung: "The substantial literature investigating the links between trade, trade policy, and labor market outcomes-both returns to labor and employment-has generated a number of stylized facts, but many open questions remain. This paper surveys the subset of the literature focusing on trade policy and integration into the world economy. Although in the longer run trade opportunities can have a major impact in creating more productive and higher paying jobs, this literature tends to take employment as given. A common finding is that much of the shorter run impacts of trade and reforms involve reallocation of labor or wage impacts within sectors. This reflects a pattern of expansion of more productive firms-especially export-oriented or suppliers to exporters-and contraction and adjustment of less productive enterprises in sectors that become subject to greater import competition. Wage responses to trade and trade reforms are generally greater than employment impacts, but trade can only explain a small fraction of the general increase in wage inequality observed in both industrial and developing countries in recent decades. A feature of the literature survey is that the focus is almost exclusively on industries producing goods. Given the importance of service industries as a source of employment and determinants of competitiveness, the paper argues that one priority area for future research is to study the employment effects of services trade and investment reforms. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/12/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 49
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3797
    Paralleltitel: Knill, April M Taking the bad with the good
    Schlagwort(e): Investments, Foreign ; Portfolio management ; Small business Finance ; Investments, Foreign ; Portfolio management ; Small business Finance
    Kurzfassung: "The author examines the impact of the volatility of foreign portfolio investment on the financial constraints of small firms. Using a dataset of over 195,000 firm-year observations across 53 countries, she examines the impact of foreign portfolio investment instability on capital issuance and firm growth across countries and firm characteristics, in particular size. After controlling for the endogeneity of foreign portfolio investment instability, as well as for firm-, industry-, and country-level characteristics such as GDP growth, as well as the levels of foreign portfolio and direct investment, the author finds that the volatility of foreign portfolio investment is only significantly associated with a decreased ability to issue publicly-traded securities for small firms in years when nations are considered less "creditworthy." The volatility of foreign portfolio investment only hinders the growth of small firms significantly in periods when nations are deemed less "creditworthy." These results underscore both the significance of a good financial system that minimizes capital flow volatility, as well as the influence of property rights and country creditworthiness to instill confidence in foreign investors. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 12/15/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 50
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
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    Serie: Policy research working paper 3796
    Paralleltitel: Knill, April M Can foreign portfolio investment bridge the small firm financing gap around the world ?
    Schlagwort(e): Investments, Foreign ; Portfolio management ; Small business Finance ; Investments, Foreign ; Portfolio management ; Small business Finance
    Kurzfassung: "The author examines the impact of foreign portfolio investment on the financial constraints of small firms. Using a dataset of over 195,000 firm-year observations across 53 countries, she examines the impact of foreign portfolio investment on capital issuance and firm growth across countries and firm characteristics, in particular size. After controlling for firm-, industry-, and country-level characteristics such as change in foreign exchange rate, share of market capitalization, relative interest rates, and investment climate, she finds that foreign portfolio investment helps to bridge the gap between the amounts of financing small firms require and that which they can access through the capital markets. Specifically, the author finds that foreign portfolio investment is associated with an increased ability to issue publicly traded securities for small firms in all nations, regardless of property rights development. Since small firms often rely heavily on bank lending, she also tests for potential increases in credit for small firms using the bank lending theory of monetary transmission. Results show significantly decreased short-term debt and increased long-term debt, supporting the contention that bank debt maturity to these firms has increased. This transition to longer-term debt could also be a result of the increased public debt securities these firms are more able to access. The overall increased access to capital only leads to value-enhancing growth at the firm level in nations with more developed property rights, underscoring the significance of a good financial system that minimizes information asymmetry as well as corruption, and enhances liquidity as well as property rights. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 12/15/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 51
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3505
    Paralleltitel: Dean, Judith Myrle Are foreign investors attracted to weak environmental regulations?
    Schlagwort(e): Investments, Foreign ; Pollution Economic aspects ; Pollution Government policy ; Investments, Foreign ; Pollution Economic aspects ; Pollution Government policy
    Kurzfassung: "One of the most contentious debates today is whether pollution-intensive industries from rich countries relocate to poor countries with weaker environmental standards, turning them into "pollution havens." Empirical studies to date show little evidence to support the pollution haven hypothesis, but suffer potentially from omitted variable bias, specification, and measurement errors. Dean, Lovely, and Wang estimate the strength of pollution-haven behavior by examining the location choices of equity joint venture (EJV) projects in China. They derive a location choice model from a theoretical framework that incorporates the firm's production and abatement decision, agglomeration, and factor abundance. The authors estimate conditional logit and nested logit models using new data sets containing information on a sample of EJV projects, effective environmental levies on water pollution, and estimates of Chinese pollution-intensity for 3-digit ISIC (International Standard Industrial Classification) industries. Results from 2,886 manufacturing joint venture projects from 1993--96 show that EJVs from all source countries go into provinces with high concentrations of foreign investment, relatively abundant stocks of skilled workers, concentrations of potential local suppliers, special incentives, and less state ownership. Environmental stringency does affect location choice, but not as expected. Low environmental levies are a significant attraction only for joint ventures in highly-polluting industries with partners from Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan (China). In contrast, joint ventures with partners from OECD sources are not attracted by low environmental levies, regardless of the pollution intensity of the industry. The authors discuss the likely role of technological differences in explaining these results. This paper--a product of the Infrastructure and Environment Team, Development Research Group--is part of a larger effort in the group to understand the impact of environmental policies in developing countries"--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 2/1/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 52
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
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    Serie: Policy research working paper 3547
    Paralleltitel: Lokshin, Michael Who bears the cost of Russia's military draft?
    Schlagwort(e): Draft Economic aspects ; Poor ; Draft Economic aspects ; Poor
    Kurzfassung: "The authors use data from a large nationally representative survey in Russia to analyze the distributional and welfare implications of draft avoidance as a common response to Russia's highly unpopular conscription system. They develop a simple theoretical model that describes household compliance decisions with respect to enlistment. The authors use several econometric techniques to estimate the effect of various household characteristics on the probability of serving in the army and the implications for household income. Their results indicate that the burden of conscription falls disproportionately on the poor. Poor, rural households, with a low level of education, are more likely to have sons who are enlisted than urban, wealthy, and better-educated families. The losses incurred by the poor are disproportionately large and exceed the statutory rates of personal income taxes. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/12/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 53
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3557
    Paralleltitel: Heckelman, Jac C Foreign aid and market-liberalizing reform
    Schlagwort(e): Economic assistance ; Free enterprise ; Free trade ; International trade ; Economic assistance ; Free enterprise ; Free trade ; International trade
    Kurzfassung: "Market-oriented economic policies-reflected in limited economic activity by government, protection of private property rights, sound monetary policy, outward orientation regarding trade and efficient tax and regulatory policy-have been strongly linked to faster rates of economic growth. Foreign aid is often provided in the belief that it encourages liberalizing reforms in these areas. This paper analyzes the impact of aid on market-liberalizing policy reform, correcting for the possible endogeneity of aid. Results indicate that higher aid slowed reform over the 1980-2000 period, as measured by a broad index of policies. Disaggregating policy into five areas, aid is significantly linked to slower reform in some policy areas but not in others. Disaggregating by decade, aid's adverse impact on policy reform is much more pronounced for the 1980s than for the 1990s. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/11/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 54
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3659
    Paralleltitel: Honohan, Patrick Banking sector crises and inequality
    Schlagwort(e): Financial crises ; Income distribution ; Poor ; Financial crises ; Income distribution ; Poor
    Kurzfassung: "An apparent temporary narrowing of income inequality has been observed during several recent banking crises. But it would be a mistake to conclude that such crises don't matter for the poor. For one thing, the correlation is not strong, and the opposite pattern has also been present. Besides, the poor are much less able to absorb a cut in income: safety-net policies are crucial during a downturn even if the gap between rich and poor has temporarily narrowed. More fundamentally, distributional shifts during the crisis may be less important than the fact that underlying financial policy and infrastructures conducive to crisis can also be associated with more unequal societies."--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/19/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 55
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3663
    Paralleltitel: Eschenbach, Felix Services policy reform and economic growth in transition economies, 1990-2004
    Schlagwort(e): Investments, Foreign ; Investments, Foreign ; Municipal services ; Municipal services ; Post-communism Economic aspects ; Post-communism Economic aspects ; Investments, Foreign ; Investments, Foreign ; Municipal services ; Municipal services ; Post-communism Economic aspects ; Post-communism Economic aspects
    Kurzfassung: "Major changes have occurred in the structure of former centrally planned economies, including a sharp rise in the share of services in GDP, employment, and international transactions. However, large differences exist across transition economies with respect to services intensity and services policy reforms. The authors find that reforms in policies toward financial and infrastructure services, including telecommunications, power, and transport, are highly correlated with inward foreign direct investment. Controlling for regressors commonly used in the growth literature, they find that measures of services policy reform are statistically significant explanatory variables for the post-1990 economic performance of transition economies. These findings suggest services policies should be considered more generally in empirical analyses of economic growth "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/18/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 56
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3738
    Paralleltitel: Cororaton, Caesar B Doha scenarios, trade reforms, and poverty in the Philippines
    Schlagwort(e): Equilibrium (Economics) ; Free trade ; Poor ; Equilibrium (Economics) ; Free trade ; Poor ; Philippines Commercial policy ; Philippines Commercial policy
    Kurzfassung: "Since the early 1980s the Philippines has undertaken substantial trade reform. The current Doha Round of World Trade Organization (WTO) negotiations is now likely to bring further reform and shocks to world import prices and export demand. The impact of all these developments on the poor is not very clear and is the subject of intense debate. The authors use a detailed economywide computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to run a series of policy experiments. They find that poverty increases slightly with the implementation of the prospective Doha scenario. These effects are focused primarily among rural households in the wake of falling world prices and demand for the Philippines' agricultural exports. The authors find that the impacts of full liberalization-involving free world trade and complete domestic liberalization-depend strongly on the mechanism the government adopts to offset forgone tariff revenue. If an indirect tax is used, the incidence of poverty falls marginally, but the depth (poverty gap) and severity (squared poverty gap) increase substantially. If, instead, an income tax is used, all measures of poverty increase. In both cases, full liberalization favors urban households, as exports, which are primarily nonagricultural, expand. In separate simulations, the authors discover that free world trade is poverty reducing and favors rural households, whereas domestic liberalization is poverty increasing and favors urban households. Under free world trade, rural households benefit from increasing world agricultural demand. The anti-rural bias of domestic liberalization stems from the fact that import prices fall more for agricultural goods than for industrial goods, as initial import-weighted average tariff rates are higher for the former. In conclusion, the current Doha agreement appears likely to slightly increase poverty, especially in rural areas and among the unemployed, self-employed, and rural low-educated. The Philippines is found to have an interest in pushing for more ambitious world trade liberalization, as free world trade holds out promise for reducing poverty. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 10/4/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 57
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3725
    Paralleltitel: Rutherford, Thomas Fox The impact on Russia of WTO accession and the DOHA agenda
    Schlagwort(e): World Trade Organization ; World Trade Organization ; Doha Development Agenda ; Doha Development Agenda ; Free trade ; Investments, Foreign ; Free trade ; Investments, Foreign ; Russia (Federation) Economic conditions 1991- ; Russia (Federation) Economic conditions 1991-
    Kurzfassung: "Taking price changes from the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model of world trade, the authors use a small open economy computable general equilibrium comparative static model of the Russian economy to assess the impact of global free trade and a successful completion of the Doha Agenda on the Russian economy, and especially on the poor. They compare those results with the impact of Russian accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) on income distribution and the poor. The model incorporates all 55,000 households from the Russian Household Budget Survey as "real" households. Crucially, given the importance of foreign direct investment (FDI) liberalization as part of Russian WTO accession, the authors also include FDI and Dixit-Stiglitz endogenous productivity effects from liberalization of import barriers against goods and FDI in services. The authors estimate that Russian WTO accession in the medium run will result in gains averaged over all Russian households equal to 7.3 percent of Russian consumption (with a standard deviation of 2.2 percent of consumption), with virtually all households gaining. They find that global free trade would result in a weighted average gain to households in Russia of 0.2 percent of consumption, with a standard deviation of 0.2 percent of consumption, while a successful completion of the Doha Development Agenda would result in a weighted average gain to households of -0.3 percent of consumption (with a standard deviation of 0.2 percent of consumption). Russia, as a net food importer, loses from subsidy elimination, and the gains to Russia from tariff cuts in other countries are too small to offset these losses. The results strongly support the view that Russia's own liberalization is more important than improvements in market access as a result of reforms in tariffs or subsidies in the rest of the world. Foremost among the own reforms is liberalization of barriers against FDI in business services. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 9/23/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 58
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
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    Serie: Policy research working paper 3580
    Paralleltitel: Ravallion, Martin On the contribution of demographic change to aggregate poverty measures for the developing world
    Schlagwort(e): Fertility, Human ; Mortality ; Poor ; Fertility, Human ; Mortality ; Poor
    Kurzfassung: "Recent literature and new data help determine plausible bounds to some key demographic differences between the poor and non-poor in the developing world. The author estimates that selective mortality-whereby poorer people tend to have higher death rates-accounts for 10-30 percent of the developing world's trend rate of
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/11/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 59
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
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    Serie: Policy research working paper 3677
    Paralleltitel: Ravallion, Martin Inequality is bad for the poor
    Schlagwort(e): Income distribution ; Poor ; Poverty ; Income distribution ; Poor ; Poverty
    Kurzfassung: "It has been argued that inequality should be of little concern in poor countries on the grounds that (1) absolute poverty in terms of consumption (or income) is the overriding issue in poor countries, and (2) the only thing that really matters to reducing absolute income poverty is the rate of economic growth. The author takes (1) as given but questions (2). He argues that there are a number of ways in which the extent of inequality in a society, and how it evolves over time, influences the extent of poverty today and the prospects for rapid poverty reduction in the future. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/18/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 60
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
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    Serie: Policy research working paper 3773
    Paralleltitel: Hausman, Warren H Global logistics indicators, supply chain metrics, and bilateral trade patterns
    Schlagwort(e): International trade ; International trade
    Kurzfassung: "Past research into the determinants of international trade highlighted the importance of the basic spatial gravity model augmented by additional variables representing sources of friction. Studies modeled many sources of friction using various proxies, including indices based on expert judgment in some cases. This paper focuses on logistics friction and draws on a data set recently compiled by the World Bank with specific quantitative metrics of logistics performance in terms of time, cost, and variability in time. It finds that the new variables that relate directly to logistics performance have a statistically significant relationship with the level of bilateral trade. It also finds that a single logistics index can capture virtually all of the explanatory power of multiple logistics indicators. The findings should spur public and private agencies that have direct or indirect power over logistics performance to focus attention on reducing sources of friction so as to improve their country's ability to compete in today's global economy. Moreover, since the logistics metrics are directly related to operational performance, countries can use these metrics to target actions to improve logistics and monitor their progress. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 11/18/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 61
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : InWEnt
    ISBN: 082135616X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (vii, 162 p) , ill , 26 cm
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Schlagwort(e): Poor Congresses Developing countries ; Poverty Congresses Developing countries ; Public-private sector cooperation Congresses ; Poor Congresses Developing countries ; Poverty Congresses Developing countries ; Public-private sector cooperation Congresses ; Poor ; Poverty ; Public-private sector cooperation ; Developing countries ; Developing countries Congresses Social policy ; Developing countries Congresses Social policy
    Anmerkung: "The articles in this volume were presented at the fifth annual Berlin Workshop, held in July 2002"--P. 1 , Introduction , Making service work for poor people: a scholar's perspective , Why is a World Development Report on making services work for poor people needed? , Poverty in Russia , The role of altruistically motivated organizations in making services work for poor people ; The experience of the private not-for-profit health sector in Uganda , Basic services: a basic right , The Madrasa Early Childhood Programme in East Africa , The role of the private sector ; Evidence from a study of vouchers for private schooling in Colombia , The rural private practicioner , The role of local governments ; Delivering infrastructure: a strategic framework , Employment of farmers and poverty alleviation in China , Incentives and innovations ; Getting health services to the poor: incentives, efficiency, and health system performance , Bolivia's plan for achieving education for all goals , Rushing to help the poor through participation many be self-defeating , Modes of financing ; Tanzania's experience with education , How aid modalities influence the effectiveness of public expenditures in developing countries: a bilateral donor perspective , Financing development , Conclusion: making services work for poor people
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  • 62
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
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    Serie: Policy research working paper 3185
    Paralleltitel: Foster, Vivien Does infrastructure reform work for the poor?
    Schlagwort(e): Infrastructure (Economics) Government policy ; Poor ; Privatization ; Infrastructure (Economics) Government policy ; Poor ; Privatization
    Anmerkung: "January 7, 2004 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on January 7, 2004 , Also available in print.
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  • 63
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
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    Serie: Policy research working paper 3243
    Paralleltitel: Ravallion, Martin Competing concepts of inequality in the globalization debate
    Schlagwort(e): Equality ; Globalization ; Income distribution ; Poor ; Equality ; Globalization ; Income distribution ; Poor
    Anmerkung: "March 17, 2004 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on March 17, 2004 , Also available in print.
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  • 64
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3242
    Paralleltitel: Ravallion, Martin Pro-poor growth
    Schlagwort(e): Economic development ; Poor ; Economic development ; Poor
    Anmerkung: "March 17, 2004 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on March 17, 2004 , Also available in print.
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  • 65
    Online-Ressource
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    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
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    Serie: Policy research working paper 3448
    Paralleltitel: Islam, Roumeen What are the right institutions in a globalizing world? and-- can we keep them if we've found them?
    Schlagwort(e): Globalization ; International economic integration ; International trade ; Globalization ; International economic integration ; International trade
    Kurzfassung: "Greater trade integration has often been viewed as requiring greater standardization in institutions, without which the benefits of trade do not materialize. There are many current debates concerning the degree and area of standardization needed and these debates are likely to continue for the foreseeable future. This paper, drawing on both the fiscal federalism and the trade literature, argues that increasing trade integration is consistent with a wide array of institutional choices. The final outcome, in terms of which institutions have prevailed, has depended substantially on political pressures for standardization and not necessarily on a clear assessment of economic gains. This paper--a product of the Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Division, World Bank Institute--is part of a larger effort in the institute to understand the concept of 'good' governance and to disseminate its work in this area"--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 11/19/2004 , Also available in print.
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  • 66
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3449
    Paralleltitel: Saggi, Kamal Does it matter where you come from?
    Schlagwort(e): Capitalists and financiers ; Investments, Foreign ; Capitalists and financiers ; Investments, Foreign
    Kurzfassung: "Javorcik, Saggi, and Spatareanu use a firm-level panel data set from Romania to examine whether the nationality of foreign investors affects the degree of vertical spillovers from foreign direct investment. Investors' country of origin may matter for spillovers to domestic producers in upstream sectors (supplying intermediate inputs) in two ways. First, the share of intermediate inputs sourced by multinationals from a host country is likely to increase with the distance between the host and the source economy. Second, the sourcing pattern is likely to be affected by preferential trade agreements that cover some but not other source economies. In this case, the Association Agreement signed between Romania and the European Union (EU) implies that inputs sourced from the EU are subject to a lower tariff than inputs sourced from America or Asia. Moreover, while for European investors intermediate inputs sourced from home country suppliers comply with the rules of origin and thus can be exported to the EU on preferential terms, this would not be the case for home country suppliers of American or Asian multinationals. Therefore, one would expect that American and Asian investors source more from Romania than EU investors and thus present greater potential for vertical spillovers. The empirical analysis produces evidence in support of the authors' hypothesis. They find a positive association between the presence of American and Asian companies in downstream sectors and the productivity of Romanian firms in the supplying industries. Further, the productivity of Romanian firms in the supplying sectors is negatively correlated with operations of European investors in downstream sectors. The differences between the effects associated with investors of different origin are statistically significant. This paper--a product of the Trade Team, Development Research Group--is part of a larger effort in the group to study the effects of foreign direct investment on developing countries"--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 11/19/2004 , Also available in print.
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  • 67
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
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    Serie: Policy research working paper 3195
    Paralleltitel: Evenett, Simon J Government procurement
    Schlagwort(e): Free trade ; Government purchasing ; International trade ; Tariff ; Free trade ; Government purchasing ; International trade ; Tariff
    Anmerkung: "January 23, 2004 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on January 26, 2004 , Also available in print.
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  • 68
    Online-Ressource
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    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
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    Serie: Policy research working paper 3196
    Paralleltitel: Saggi, Kamal Technological asymmetry among foreign investors and mode of entry
    Schlagwort(e): Competition, International ; Investments, Foreign ; Investments, Foreign ; Joint ventures ; Joint ventures ; Competition, International ; Investments, Foreign ; Investments, Foreign ; Joint ventures ; Joint ventures
    Anmerkung: "January 23, 2004 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on January 26, 2004 , Also available in print.
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  • 69
    Online-Ressource
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    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
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    Serie: Policy research working paper 3442
    Paralleltitel: Estache, Antonio Emerging infrastructure policy issues in developing countries
    Schlagwort(e): Infrastructure (Economics) ; Poor ; Infrastructure (Economics) ; Poor
    Kurzfassung: "Estache reviews the recent economic research on emerging issues for infrastructure policies affecting poor people in developing countries. His main purpose is to identify some of the challenges the international community, and donors in particular, are likely to have to address over the next few years. He addresses six main issues: (1) the necessity of infrastructure in achieving the Millennium Development Goals; (2) the various dimensions of financing challenges for infrastructure; (3) the debate on the relative importance of urban and rural infrastructure needs; (4) the debate on the effectiveness of infrastructure decentralization; (5) what works and what does not when trying to target the needs of the poor, with an emphasis on affordability and regulation challenges; and (6) the importance of governance and corruption in the sector. The author concludes by showing how the challenges identified define a relatively well integrated agenda for both researchers and the international infrastructure community. This paper,a product of the Office of the Vice President, Infrastructure Network,is part of a larger effort in the network to stimulate more analytical assessments of emerging issues in the sector"--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 11/17/2004 , Also available in print.
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  • 70
    Online-Ressource
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    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
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    Serie: Policy research working paper 3275
    Paralleltitel: Javorcik, Beata K. Smarzynska Do foreign investors care about labor market regulations?
    Schlagwort(e): Investments, Foreign ; Labor laws and legislation ; Investments, Foreign ; Labor laws and legislation
    Anmerkung: "April 12, 2004 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on May 15, 2004 , Also available in print.
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  • 71
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3192
    Paralleltitel: Calderán, César Greenfield foreign direct investment and mergers and acquisitions
    Schlagwort(e): Consolidation and merger of corporations ; Globalization ; Investments, Foreign ; Privatization ; Consolidation and merger of corporations ; Globalization ; Investments, Foreign ; Privatization
    Anmerkung: "January 16, 2004 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on January 16, 2004 , Also available in print.
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  • 72
    Online-Ressource
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    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3293
    Paralleltitel: Berthelon, Matias On the conservation of distance in international trade
    Schlagwort(e): International trade ; International trade
    Anmerkung: "May 6, 2004 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on May 10, 2004 , Also available in print.
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  • 73
    Online-Ressource
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3323
    Paralleltitel: Taye Mengistae Investment climate and international integration
    Schlagwort(e): Infrastructure (Economics) ; International economic integration ; Investments, Foreign ; Infrastructure (Economics) ; International economic integration ; Investments, Foreign
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 6/4/2004 , Also available in print.
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  • 74
    Online-Ressource
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    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3320
    Paralleltitel: Available in another form Country portfolios
    Schlagwort(e): Capital movements ; Investments, Foreign ; Loans, Foreign ; Capital movements ; Investments, Foreign ; Loans, Foreign
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 6/4/2004 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 75
    Online-Ressource
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    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3361
    Paralleltitel: Busse, Matthias Trade, environmental regulations, and the World Trade Organization
    Schlagwort(e): World Trade Organization ; World Trade Organization ; Environmental law ; International trade ; Environmental law ; International trade
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 7/9/2004 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 76
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3391
    Paralleltitel: Jensen, Jesper The impact of liberalizing barriers to foreign direct investment in services
    Schlagwort(e): World Trade Organization ; World Trade Organization ; Free trade ; Investments, Foreign ; Free trade ; Investments, Foreign
    Kurzfassung: "Jensen, Rutherford, and Tarr use a computable general equilibrium model of the Russian economy to assess the impact of accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO), which encompasses improved market access, tariff reduction, and reduction of barriers against multinational service providers. They assume that foreign direct investment in business services is necessary for multinationals to compete well with Russian business service providers, but cross-border service provision is also present. The model incorporates productivity effects in both goods and services markets endogenously through a Dixit-Stiglitz framework. As a result, the estimated gains from WTO accession are much larger than would be obtained from a typical model with perfect competition. The ad valorem equivalent of barriers to foreign direct investment have been estimated based on detailed questionnaires completed by specialized research institutes in Russia. The authors estimate that Russia will gain about 7.2 percent of the value of Russian consumption in the medium run from WTO accession and up to 24 percent in the long run. They estimate that the largest gains to Russia will derive from liberalization of barriers against multinational service providers. Piecemeal and systematic sensitivity analysis shows that their results are robust. This paper--a product of the Trade Team, Development Research Group--is part of a larger effort in the group to assess the impact of liberalization of barriers against foreign direct investment in services sectors"--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 9/8/2004 , Also available in print.
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  • 77
    Online-Ressource
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    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3318
    Paralleltitel: Available in another form Location and welfare in cities
    Schlagwort(e): Poor ; Squatter settlements ; Poor ; Squatter settlements
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 6/4/2004 , Also available in print.
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  • 78
    Online-Ressource
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    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
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    Serie: Policy research working paper 3393
    Paralleltitel: Available in another form Indoor air quality for poor families
    Schlagwort(e): Indoor air pollution ; Poor ; Ventilation ; Indoor air pollution ; Poor ; Ventilation
    Kurzfassung: "Indoor air pollution (IAP) from cooking and heating is estimated to kill a million children annually in developing countries. To promote a better understanding of IAP, the authors investigate the determinants of IAP in Bangladesh using the latest air monitoring technology and a national household survey. The study concludes that IAP is dangerously high for many poor families in Bangladesh. Concentrations of respirable airborne particulates(PM10) 300 ug/m3 or greater are common in the sample, implying widespread exposure to a serious health hazard. Poor households in Bangladesh depend heavily on wood, dung, and other biomass fuels. The econometric results indicate that fuel choice significantly affects indoor pollution levels: Natural gas and kerosene are significantly cleaner than biomass fuels. However, household-specific factors apparently matter more than fuel choice in determining PM10 concentrations. In some biomass-burning households, concentrations are scarcely higher than in households that use natural gas. The results suggest that cross-household variation is strongly affected by structural arrangements cooking locations, construction materials, and ventilation practices. The authors' analysis also suggests that poor families may not have to wait for clean fuels or clean stoves to enjoy significantly cleaner air. Within their sample household population, some arrangements are already producing relatively clean conditions, even when "dirty" biomass fuels are used. Since these arrangements are already within the means of poor families, the scope for cost-effective improvements may be larger than is commonly believed. This paper--a product of the Infrastructure and Environment Team, Development Research Group--is part of a larger effort in the group to identify appropriate policies for the improvement of environmental quality"--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 9/8/2004 , Also available in print.
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  • 79
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    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3444
    Paralleltitel: Reimer, Jeffrey J Predicting the poverty impacts of trade reform
    Schlagwort(e): Commercial policy ; International trade ; Poor ; Commercial policy ; International trade ; Poor
    Kurzfassung: "An important area of research in recent years involves assessing the microeconomic implications of macro-level policies--particularly those related to international trade. While a wide range of research methodologies are available for assessing the microeconomic incidence of micro-policies, as well as for assessing the effect of macro-level policies on markets and broad groups of households, there is a gap when it comes to eliciting the disaggregated household and firm level effects of trade policies. Recent research addresses this knowledge gap and the present survey offers an overview of this literature. The preponderance of the evidence from the studies encompassed by this survey points to the dominance of earnings-side effects over consumption-side effects of trade reform. This is problematic, since household surveys are notable for their underreporting of income. From the perspective of the poor, it is the market for unskilled labor that is most important. The poverty effects of trade policy often hinge crucially on how well the increased demand for labor in one part of the economy is transmitted to the rest of the economy by way of increased wages, increased employment, or both. Further econometric research aimed at discriminating between competing factor mobility hypotheses is urgently needed. This paper--a product of the Trade Team, Development Research Group--is part of a larger effort in the group to assess the poverty impacts of trade policies"--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 11/19/2004 , Also available in print.
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  • 80
    Online-Ressource
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    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3256
    Paralleltitel: Oostendorp, R. H Globalization and the gender wage gap
    Schlagwort(e): Globalization ; International trade ; Investments, Foreign ; Sex discrimination against women ; Wage differentials ; Globalization ; International trade ; Investments, Foreign ; Sex discrimination against women ; Wage differentials
    Anmerkung: "March 24, 2004 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on March 26, 2004 , Also available in print.
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  • 81
    Online-Ressource
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    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3415
    Paralleltitel: Anderson, Kym The challenge of reducing subsidies and trade barriers
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Free trade ; International trade ; Subsidies ; Free trade ; International trade ; Subsidies
    Kurzfassung: "This is one of 10 studies for the Copenhagen Consensus Project that sought to evaluate the most feasible opportunities to improve welfare globally and alleviate poverty in developing countries. Anderson argues that phasing out distortionary government subsidies and barriers to international trade will yield an extraordinarily high benefit-cost ratio. A survey is provided of recent estimates using global economywide simulation models of the benefits of doing that by way of the current Doha round of multilateral trade negotiations. Even if adjustment costs are several times as large as suggested by available estimates, the benefit-cost ratio from seizing this opportunity exceeds 20. That is much higher than the rewards from regional or bilateral trade agreements or from providing preferential access for least-developed countries' exports to high-income countries. Such reform would simultaneously contribute to alleviating several of the other key challenges reflected in the United Nation's Millennium Development Goals. This paper a product of the Trade Team, Development Research Group is part of a larger effort in the group to better understand the likely consequences of further trade liberalization for global economic welfare and its distributional effects, particularly for the poor in developing countries"--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 9/23/2004 , Also available in print.
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  • 82
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3028
    Paralleltitel: Morisset, Jacques Does a country need a promotion agency to attract foreign direct investment?
    Schlagwort(e): Investments, Foreign ; Investments, Foreign
    Anmerkung: "April 15, 2003 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on April 22, 2003 , Also available in print.
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  • 83
    Online-Ressource
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    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3032
    Paralleltitel: Morisset, Jacques Information diffusion in international markets
    Schlagwort(e): Information services ; International trade ; Investments, Foreign ; Information services ; International trade ; Investments, Foreign
    Anmerkung: "April 17, 2003 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on April 22, 2003 , Also available in print.
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  • 84
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3121
    Paralleltitel: Hallward-Driemeier, Mary Do bilateral investment treaties attract foreign direct investment?
    Schlagwort(e): Globalization ; Investments, Foreign Law and legislation ; Investments, Foreign ; Globalization ; Investments, Foreign Law and legislation ; Investments, Foreign
    Anmerkung: "August 13, 2003 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on August 14, 2003 , Also available in print.
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  • 85
    ISBN: 0821354396 , 082135440X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xxiv, 141 p) , ill , 26 cm
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: World Bank working paper no.2
    DDC: 338.951/05
    Schlagwort(e): Infrastructure (Economics) Finance ; Investments, Foreign ; Infrastructure (Economics) Finance ; Investments, Foreign ; China Economic policy 2000- ; China Economic policy 2000-
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 139-141)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 86
    ISBN: 0821355740
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xx, 273 p) , ill , 26 cm
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: MENA development report
    DDC: 330.956
    Schlagwort(e): Investments, Foreign ; Investments, Foreign ; Investments, Foreign ; Investments, Foreign ; Investments, Foreign ; Investments, Foreign ; Africa, North ; Africa, North ; Africa, North ; Middle East ; Middle East ; Middle East ; Africa, North Commerce ; Africa, North Economic conditions ; Africa, North Foreign economic relations ; Middle East Commerce ; Middle East Economic conditions 1979- ; Middle East Foreign economic relations ; Africa, North Commerce ; Africa, North Economic conditions ; Africa, North Foreign economic relations ; Middle East Commerce ; Middle East Economic conditions 1979- ; Middle East Foreign economic relations
    Anmerkung: "The main authors of this book... are Dipak Dasgupta and Mustapha Kamel Nabli... earlier versions of the book, background papers, and main themes were presented at sessions at the Economic Research Forum (ERF) meetings in Cairo in 2001... and the Arab Monetary Fund meeting... in Abu Dhabi in 2003"--P. xvii , Includes bibliographical references (p. 239-258) and index
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  • 87
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3060
    Paralleltitel: Serven, Luis World market integration through the lens of foreign direct investors
    Schlagwort(e): Globalization ; International economic integration ; Investments, Foreign ; Time-series analysis ; Globalization ; International economic integration ; Investments, Foreign ; Time-series analysis
    Anmerkung: "May 20, 2003 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on May 21, 2003 , Also available in print.
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  • 88
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3101
    Paralleltitel: Aggarwal, Reena Portfolio preferences of foreign institutional investors
    Schlagwort(e): Foreign exchange ; Investments, Foreign ; Foreign exchange ; Investments, Foreign
    Anmerkung: "July 17, 2003 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on July 21, 2003 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 89
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3165
    Paralleltitel: Galasso, Emanuela Social protection in a crisis
    Schlagwort(e): Income maintenance programs ; Poor ; Income maintenance programs ; Poor ; Argentina Economic conditions 1983- ; Argentina Social policy ; Argentina Economic conditions 1983- ; Argentina Social policy
    Anmerkung: "November 6, 2003 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on November 6, 2003 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 90
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3177
    Paralleltitel: Foster, Vivien Does infrastructure reform work for the poor?
    Schlagwort(e): Infrastructure (Economics) ; Poor ; Infrastructure (Economics) ; Poor
    Anmerkung: "December 10, 2003 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on December 12, 2003 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 91
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 2988
    Paralleltitel: Mann, Catherine L Trade facilitation and economic development
    Schlagwort(e): Economic development ; Foreign trade promotion ; International trade ; Economic development ; Foreign trade promotion ; International trade
    Anmerkung: "March 7, 2003 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on March 12, 2003 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 92
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3150
    Paralleltitel: Fink, Carsten Income-related biases in international trade
    Schlagwort(e): Income distribution ; International trade ; Product differentiation ; Trademarks ; Income distribution ; International trade ; Product differentiation ; Trademarks
    Anmerkung: "October 2, 2003 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on October 2, 2003 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 93
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3114
    Paralleltitel: Majnoni, Giovanni The dynamics of foreign bank ownership
    Schlagwort(e): Banks and banking ; Investments, Foreign ; Privatization ; Banks and banking ; Investments, Foreign ; Privatization
    Anmerkung: "August 6, 2003 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on August 6, 2003 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 94
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3164
    Paralleltitel: Keefer, Philip Democracy, public expenditures, and the poor
    Schlagwort(e): Democracy ; Expenditures, Public ; Poor ; Democracy ; Expenditures, Public ; Poor
    Anmerkung: "November 6, 2003 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on November 6, 2003 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 95
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3051
    Paralleltitel: Available in another form Regional, multilateral, and unilateral trade policies of MERCOSUR for growth and poverty reduction in Brazil
    Schlagwort(e): Free trade ; International trade ; Poverty ; Free trade ; International trade ; Poverty ; Brazil Economic conditions 1985- ; Brazil Economic conditions 1985-
    Anmerkung: "May 8, 2003 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on May 14, 2003 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 96
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3118
    Paralleltitel: Smarzynska, Beata K To share or not to share
    Schlagwort(e): Corporations, Foreign ; Investments, Foreign ; Corporations, Foreign ; Investments, Foreign
    Anmerkung: "August 8, 2003 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on August 11, 2003 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 97
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3175
    Paralleltitel: Vittas, Dimitri The use of "asset swaps" by institutional investors in South Africa
    Schlagwort(e): Arbitrage ; Foreign exchange ; Hedging (Finance) ; Investments, Foreign ; Arbitrage ; Foreign exchange ; Hedging (Finance) ; Investments, Foreign
    Anmerkung: "December 10, 2003 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on December 12, 2003 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 98
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, DC : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 0195216083 , 082135048X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xiii, 174 p) , col. ill , 24 cm
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: A World Bank policy research report
    Schlagwort(e): Economic development ; Globalization Economic aspects ; International economic integration ; Poor ; Poverty ; Economic development ; Globalization Economic aspects ; International economic integration ; Poor ; Poverty ; Economic development ; Globalization ; International economic integration ; Economic aspects ; Poor ; Poverty ; Developing countries ; Developing countries ; Developing countries Economic conditions ; Developing countries Economic policy ; Developing countries Economic conditions ; Developing countries Economic policy ; Electronic books. ; Electronic books. ; Electronic books
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Overview -- The new wave of globalization and its economic effects -- Improving the international architecture for integration -- Strengthening domestic institutions and policies -- Power, culture, and the environment -- An agenda for action.
    Anmerkung: "A copublication of the World Bank and Oxford University Press" -- t.p , "This report was prepared under the supervision of Nicolas Stern, Chief Economist and Senior Vice President. It was written by Paul Collier (Director, Development Research Group) and David Dollar (Research Mamager in the Development Research Group" -- xiii , Includes bibliographical references (p.161-174)
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  • 99
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 2532
    Paralleltitel: Schiff, Maurice W Market presence, contestability, and the terms-of-trade effects of regional integration
    Schlagwort(e): Competition, International ; International trade ; Regionalism ; Terms of trade ; Competition, International ; International trade ; Regionalism ; Terms of trade
    Kurzfassung: How firms react to a given shock may depend on the degree to which rivals are present and on whether potentially viable entrants to that market exist. A preferred supplier market presence and threat of entry lessen a nonmember country's price reaction to most-favored-nation trade liberalization and increase its price reaction to preferential trade liberalization
    Anmerkung: "January 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 23, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 100
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 0821349392
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (136 p) , 28 cm
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: World Bank technical paper no.502
    DDC: 362.5/8/091724
    Schlagwort(e): International Movement ATD Fourth World ; International Movement ATD Fourth World ; Human rights ; Poor ; Poverty ; Human rights ; Poor ; Poverty ; Developing countries Economic conditions ; Developing countries Economic conditions
    Anmerkung: "All but one of the chapters of this report were presented in seminars organized by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund from mid 1999 to the end of 2000"--Ackn , Includes bibliographical references
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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