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  • 2000-2004  (112)
  • Dordrecht : Springer  (112)
  • Science Philosophy  (65)
  • Modern philosophy.  (58)
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  • 1
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    Does the World Exist? : Plurisignificant Ciphering of Reality (2004)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401000475
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (LXIV, 887 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 79
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology
    Kurzfassung: "Does the World exist?" There would be no reason to resurrect this question of modernity from its historical oblivion were it not for the fact that recent evolution in science and technology, impregnating culture, makes us wonder about the nature of reality, of the world we are living in, and of our status as living beings within it. Thus great metaphysical subjacent queries are forcefully revived, calling for new investigations to proceed in the light of the innumerable novel insights of science. This collection presents a wealth of material toward an elaboration of a new metaphysical groundwork of the ontopoiesis/ phenomenology of life sought to effect such investigations. The classic postulates of the metaphysics of reality, those of necessity and certainty here find a new formulation. Away from sclerotized ontological and cognitive assumptions and congenial with the views of contemporary science, the understanding of reality, of our world of life, and of ourselves within it is to be sought in the existential/ontopoietic ciphering of life (Tymieniecka)
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: From the Contens:Acknowledgments.- I: Framing the Ontopoietic Vision of the World and Existence.-II: Toward Lifting of the Classical Controversy Idealism/Realism -- III: Transcendentalism Revisited -- IV: Ciphering the Plurisignificant Sharing of Existence -- V: The Creating Ciphering of Reality by Art --  VI: The Worlds of Human Inward-Outward Existential Radiation of Reality -- VII: The Cultural Ciphers of the World.- VIII: The New Ciphering of the Constant Coordinates of the World and Existence -- IX: Some Contributions to the Scientific Interpretation of the Origins of Life -- Index Of Names.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0047-5
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  • 2
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    Metamorphosis : Creative Imagination in Fine Arts Between Life-Projects and Human Aesthetic Aspirations (2004)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402026430
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVI, 428 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 81
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Aesthetics ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: How do we perdure when we and everything around us are caught up in incessant change? But the course of this change does not seem to be haphazard and we may seek the modalities of its Logos in the transformations in which it occurs. The classic term "Metamorphosis" focuses upon the proportions between the transformed and the retained, the principles of sameness and otherness. Applied to life and its becoming, metamorphosis pinpoints the proportions between the vital and the aesthetic significance of life. Where could this metaphysical in-between territory come better to light than in the Fine Arts? In this collection are investigated the various proportions between the vital significance of the constructivism of life and a specifically human contribution made by the creative imagination to the transformatory search for beauty and aesthetic values. Papers by: Lawrence Kimmel, Mark L. Brack, Sheryl Tucker de Vazquez, William Roberts, Jadwiga Smith, Victor Gerald Rivas, Max Statkiewicz, Matti Itkonen, George R. Tibbetts, Linda Stratford, Jorella Andrews, Ingeborg M. Rocker, Stephen J. Goldberg, Leah Durner, Donnalee Dox, Catherine Schear, Samantha Henriette Krukowski, Gary Maciag, Kelly Dennis, Wanda Strukus, Magda Romanska, Patricia Trutty-Coohill, Ellen Burns, Tessa Morrison, Sabine Coelsch-Foisner, Gary Backhaus, Daniel M. Unger, Howard Pearce
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-2643-0
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  • 3
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    Knowledge and Demonstration : Aristotle’s Posterior Analytics (2004)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402027888
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 161 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 56
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy, Ancient. ; Philosophy—History. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This book examines a fundamental problem in Aristotle’s Posterior Analytics: what is the role of syllogistic logic in the theory of demonstrative knowledge? The answer to this question is sought in Aristotle’s metaphysical theory and his conception of substance. This interpretation challenges the traditional interpretation that approaches Aristotle’s theory of demonstration from the standpoint of scientific practice. It is argued, in this book, that the Posterior Analytics’ main objective is to articulate the notion of knowledge, viewed here as a conceptualisation, rather than analysing the structure and methods of scientific explorations. The original interpretation offered in this book sheds fresh light on issues, such as the conceptual difference between Aristotle’s logic and modern logic, the relationship between Aristotle’s logic and Greek mathematics, and the differences between the Aristotelian and modern notions of knowledge and proof. In attempting to present a comprehensive interpretation of one of the most difficult works in the Aristotelian corpus, this book is of major importance first and foremost for Aristotelian scholars and historians of Greek philosophy; the historical character of the analysis offered here makes it relevant also to historians of Greek mathematics, historians of logic, historians of science in general, and philosophers of sciences
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-2788-8
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  • 4
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    Classics in the History of Greek Mathematics (2004)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9781402026409
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 474 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 240
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 240
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Popular works. ; Mathematics ; History. ; Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Engineering. ; Life sciences. ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Kurzfassung: This volume includes a selection of 19 classic papers on the history of Greek mathematics that were published during the 20th century and affected significantly the state of the art of this field. It is divided into six thematic sections and covers all the major issues of the Greek mathematical production. First, the inclusion in one volume of a considerable number of papers that had been published for the first time in old, and in certain cases hard to find, scientific journals representing turning-points in the history of the field, constitutes a particularly useful aid for all those working on the history of mathematics. Second, by means of the selected papers and the introductory texts of six well-known modern historians of ancient mathematics that accompany them, the reader can follow the ways the historiography of Greek mathematics developed. Finally, the introductory texts that precede each chapter help the reader to approach critically the selected papers and at the same time to get an idea of the issues being further clarified by the new historiographical approaches. The audience of the book includes scholars from history and philosophy of mathematics and mathematical sciences, scholars from history of science, students in the field of history of mathematics and history of sciences
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The Beginnings of Greek Mathematics -- Studies on Greek Geometry -- Studies on proportion theory and incommensurability -- Studies on Greek Algebra -- Did the Greeeks have the notion of common fraction? Did they use it?- Methodological Issues in the Historiography of Greek Mathematics.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-2640-9
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  • 5
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    David Hilbert and the Axiomatization of Physics (1898-1918) : From Grundlagen der Geometrie to Grundlagen der Physik (2004)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402027789
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVII, 513 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 10
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    Schlagwort(e): Science Philosophy ; Mathematical physics ; Physics ; Mathematics. ; History. ; Philosophy and science.
    Kurzfassung: David Hilbert (1862-1943) was the most influential mathematician of the early twentieth century and, together with Henri Poincaré, the last mathematical universalist. His main known areas of research and influence were in pure mathematics (algebra, number theory, geometry, integral equations and analysis, logic and foundations), but he was also known to have some interest in physical topics. The latter, however, was traditionally conceived as comprising only sporadic incursions into a scientific domain which was essentially foreign to his mainstream of activity and in which he only made scattered, if important, contributions. Based on an extensive use of mainly unpublished archival sources, the present book presents a totally fresh and comprehensive picture of Hilbert’s intense, original, well-informed, and highly influential involvement with physics, that spanned his entire career and that constituted a truly main focus of interest in his scientific horizon. His program for axiomatizing physical theories provides the connecting link with his research in more purely mathematical fields, especially geometry, and a unifying point of view from which to understand his physical activities in general. In particular, the now famous dialogue and interaction between Hilbert and Einstein, leading to the formulation in 1915 of the generally covariant field-equations of gravitation, is adequately explored here within the natural context of Hilbert’s overall scientific world-view. This book will be of interest to historians of physics and of mathematics, to historically-minded physicists and mathematicians, and to philosophers of science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-2778-9
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  • 6
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    Salomon Maimon: Rational Dogmatist, Empirical Skeptic : Critical Assessments (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401729369
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 304 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in German Idealism 2
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy, Asian. ; Epistemology. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy—History. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: Salomon Maimon (1753-1800), one of the most fascinating characters of eighteenth-century intellectual history, came from a traditional orthodox Jewish community in Eastern Europe to Berlin to seek Enlightenment. Maimon remained an outsider: an 'Ostjude' among the enlightened Jews in Berlin, a freethinker among observant Jews and a Jew among the non-Jews. His autobiography became a classic of autobiographical literature of the Enlightenment. His 'inter-cultural' experience is reflected in his philosophy. Indebted to the Maimonidean as well as to the modern European (notably Kantian) philosophical tradition, he attempted a synthesis of normally exclusive orientations: 'Rational Dogmatism' and 'Empirical Skepticism'. Maimon's importance in the development from Kant to German Idealism has been acknowledged, but the interpretation of his own philosophical position suffered much from this narrow perspective. The essays of leading scholars collected in this volume focus on his synthesis of 'Rational Dogmatism' and 'Empirical Skepticism'
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preface -- Introductory Essay: A Philosopher between Two Cultures -- Part One: Rational Dogmatism. The Logic of Speculative Philosophy and Skepticism in Maimon's Philosophy: Satz der Bestimmbarkeit and the Role of Synthesis. From Kant to Leibniz? Salomon Maimon and the Question of Predication. Salomon Maimon's Philosophy and its Place in the Enlightenment: Wandering in the Land of Difference. Intuition and Diversity: Kant and Maimon on Space and Time. Causa materialis: Solomon Maimon, Moses ben Maimon and the Possibility of Philosophical Transmission -- Part Two: Empirical Skepticism. Maimon's Subversion of Kant's Critique of Pure Reason: There are No Synthetic a priori Judgments in Physics. Maimon's "Quid Facti" Argument. What should Kantians learn from Maimon's Skepticism?. Maimon and Fichte -- Part Three: Unknown Work of Salomon Maimon. Salomon Maimon als Rezensent, nebst einer bisher unbeachteten Rezension -- Appendices: The Published Works of Maimon -- Concordance -- Abbreviations -- Bibliography -- The Contributors -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2936-9
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  • 7
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    Modernity and the Final Aim of History : The Debate over Judaism from Kant to the Young Hegelians (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401701136
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 259 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées 187
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 187
    Serie: Springer eBook Collection
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: This book is intended not only for scholars and students in humanities, history (esp. the history of ideas), Jewish studies, philosophy (esp. the history of philosophy), and Christian theology, but also for those concerned with the roots of anti-Semitism and with the need for toleration and intercultural pluralism. Modernity and the Final Aim of History: * Combines the development of German philosophy from the Enlightenment to Idealism, and from Idealism to the revolutionary turning-point of the mid-nineteenth century with the Jewish question; * Shows the close entwining of anti-Jewish prejudices with awareness of the importance of Judaism in the formation of modern thought; * Points out the hopes, obstacles, compromises, and disappointments of Jewish emancipation right up to the appearance of racial anti-Semitism; * Traces the changes in the debate over Judaism from the theological perspective to the philosophical and from the philosophical to that of the economic and naturalistic; * Underlines the dangers to toleration that arise from seeing human history as directed towards a single aim; *Can be used in university courses and seminars, as well as in research groups
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: From the contents: Acknowledgments. Introduction -- One: Reason, Humanity and Religions -- Two: Christianity, People and Nations -- Three: Atheism, Progress and Revolution -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Index of subjects -- Index of names.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0113-6
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  • 8
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    Philosophical Dimensions of Logic and Science : Selected Contributed Papers from the 11th International Congress of Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science, Kraków, 1999 (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401726122
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 396 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 320
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Logic ; Philosophy of nature ; Artificial intelligence ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Philosophical Dimensions of Logic and Science is a collection of outstanding contributed papers presented at the 11th International Congress of Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science held in Kraków in 1999. The Congress was a follow-up to the series of meetings, initiated once by Alfred Tarski, which aimed to provide an interdisciplinary forum for scientists, philosophers and logicians. The articles selected for publication in the book comply with that idea and innovatively address current issues in logic, metamathematics, philosophy of language, philosophy of science, and cognitive science, as well as philosophical problems of biology, chemistry and physics. The volume will be of interest to philosophers, logicians and scientists interested in foundational problems of their disciplines
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preface -- I: Logic and Metamathematics. 1. A classification of logics over FLew. 2. On representing semantics in finite models. 3. Spectra of formulae with Henkin quantifiers. 4. On SigmaN-definability in arithmetic. 5. Arithmetic complexity of the predicate logics. 6. Straightforward proof of Köbler-Messner's result. 7. On the persistent difficulty of disjunction -- II: Science. 8. Science, lifeworld and realism. 9. Explaining laws by reduction. 10. Akaike's theorem and Bayesian methodology. 11. Does a living system have a state? 12. Do genes code for traits? 13. Chemistry and the completeness of physics. 14. The thermodynamic arrow of time. 15. Modal interpretations. 16. Cartwright's models are not adequate for EPR -- III: Language. 17. Radical anti-realism and substructural logics. 18. The minimalist conception of truth. 19. Truth and satisfaction by the empty sequence. 20. Truth, propositions and context. 21. Actuality and possibility. 22. Possible worlds semantics and the liar -- IV: Cognition. 23. The triplet modeling of concept connections. 24. Evaluation and testing in creativity. 25. Assessment in the limits of scientific inquiry. 26. Inferential traps in an escalation process -- Index of Names.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2612-2
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  • 9
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    Gardens and the Passion for the Infinite (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401716581
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 353 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 78
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Aesthetics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of nature
    Kurzfassung: What essentially is a garden? Is it a small plot of land that we put aside to cultivate our favourite vegetables or to grow flowers for our personal enjoyment? Or is it a symbol, a mirror, a reflection of our human passions? Within the context of phenomenology/ontopoiesis-of-life, we find the significance of the garden inscribed within the web of the Human Condition, creatively unfurling its form from the vital basis to its loftiest swings of the period. The aesthetic synthesis of our passions is carried by the logoic promise of life - its infinite renewal and infinite response. The topic of the present volume is the mysterious ways in which Imaginatio Creatix plays within the human ingrowness in natural life, transposing dreams, nostalgias, and enchantments
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1658-1
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  • 10
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    Lifetime : Max Scheler’s Philosophy of Time (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401701273
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 248 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H.L. van Breda and Published under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 169
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Economic policy. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Geriatrics ; Economics ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Kurzfassung: In comparison to Husserl and Heidegger, Max Scheler's philosophy of time as first presented here, is considerably wider in scope. Using posthumous manuscripts, Frings shows that Scheler conceived the origin of time in the self-activating center of individual and universal life as threefold "absolute" time of a four-dimensional expanse. This serves as a basis for establishing the phenomenon of objective time in multiple steps of constitutionality, including the physical field theory and theory of relativity. For Scheler, objective time, even though anchored in absolute time, deserves "maximum attention" in a technological society. Frings focuses here with Scheler on time experience of values and among social groups, time experiences in the mind-set of capitalism, in politics and morals, in population dynamics, and time experiences in the process of aging, all of which were signposts in Scheler's thought before his early demise
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0127-3
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  • 11
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    Bulgarian Studies in the Philosophy of Science (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401709613
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XII, 221 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 236
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 236
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Quantum theory ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Logic ; Phenomenology ; Quantum physics. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This volume attempts to provide a new articulation of issues surrounding scientific realism, scientific rationality, the epistemology of non-classical physics, the type of revolutionary changes in the development of science, the naturalization of epistemology within frameworks of cognitive science and structural linguistics, models of the information technology revolution, and reconstructions of early modern logical systems. A common denominator of the authors' positions is the rejection of the post-modern deconstruction of the "global philosophical accounts" of science's cognitive structure and dynamics. The volume takes on a dual task: it deals with major perspectives on philosophy of science "after the end of post-positivism", and it represents basic philosophical controversies in an Eastern-European society "after the end of state socialism
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0961-3
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  • 12
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    Feyerabend and Scientific Values : Tightrope-Walking Rationality (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401715423
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 259 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 235
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 235
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy, modern ; Logic ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Every philosopher of science, and every student of the philosophy of science, has heard of Paul Feyerabend: the iconoclast who supposedly asserted that science is not rational, nor objective, but is characterised by anarchism, relativism, subjectivism and power. In this book it is argued that this picture of Feyerabend is false. Though Feyerabend was an iconoclast, his destructive philosophy was also creative. Feyerabend was deeply critical of a particular theory of scientific rationality, herein labelled 'Rationalism' - characterised as the algorithmic application of universal, necessary, atemporal rules - but he did not completely reject the idea of scientific rationality. It is argued that Feyerabend implicitly supported an alternative theory of rationality, herein labelled tightrope-walking rationality, characterised as the context-sensitive balancing of inherently irreconcilable values. The first half of the book deals with the entrenched misunderstandings of Feyerabend's philosophy that have arisen through a lack of appreciation of the target of Feyerabend's criticisms. The second half of the book brings together the positive elements to be found in Feyerabend's work, and presents these elements as a coherent alternative conception of scientific rationality
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1542-3
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  • 13
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    Rescuing Reason : A Critique of Anti-Rationalist Views of Science and Knowledge (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401002899
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 559 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 230
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 230
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy and science. ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: Do knowledge and science arise from the application of canons of rationality and scientific method? Or is all our scientific knowledge caused by socio-political factors, or by our interests in the socio-political - the view of sociologists of "knowledge"? Or does it result from interplay of relations of power - the view of Michel Foucault? Or does our knowledge arise from "the will to power" - the view of Nietzsche? This volume sets out to critically examine the theses of those who would debunk the idea of rational explanation. The book is wide-ranging. The theories of method of Quine, Kuhn, Feyerabend (amongst others) are discussed and related to the views of Marx, Foucault, Wittgenstein and Nietzsche as well as sociologists of science such as Mannheim and Bloor. The author provides a wide interpretative framework which links the doctrines espoused by many of these authors; it is argued that they inherit many of the difficulties in the Strong Programme in the sociology of "knowledge", and that they fail to reconcile the normativity of knowledge with their naturalism. It is argued that neither relativists, sceptics, nihilists, sociologists of "knowledge" nor the postmodernists successfully debunk the claims of rational explanation, far from it: these theorists presuppose much of the theory of methodology they deny
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0289-9
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    (Over)Interpreting Wittgenstein (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789400708228
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 237 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 319
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Humanities ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: (Over)Interpreting Wittgenstein will be read by philosophers investigating Wittgenstein and by scholars, interpreters, students, and specialists, in both analytic and continental philosophy. It will intrigue readers interested in issues of interpretation and cultural studies. This book tells the story - as yet untold - of Wittgenstein interpretation during the past eighty years. It provides different interpretations, chronologies, developments, and controversies. It aims to discover the (socio-cultural rather than psychological) motives and motivations behind the philosophical community's project of interpreting Wittgenstein. As a cultural history of ideas, it traces the parallelism between Wittgenstein interpretation and the move from metaphysics, to language, to postmodernism effected in the twentieth century
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-0822-8
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  • 15
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    Dependencies, Connections, and Other Relations : A Theory of Mental Causation (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401701211
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXXV, 288 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophical Studies Series 93
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy of mind ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: When we do things for reasons, our behaviour seems to be caused by mental states such as beliefs and desires. But how can that be true? Is our body not already moved by 'physical' causes such as nerve impulses and muscle contractions? What difference is made by what is on our minds? It is unsettling that in contemporary analytic philosophy of mind we find widespread doubts about mental causation. For it is at the root of our existence as perceiving, thinking and acting subjects. Dependencies, Connections, and Other Relations. A Theory of Mental Causation covers, in its subsequent parts, ontology, the metaphysics of causation, and the philosophy of mind. It provides a firm theoretical basis for believing that in our all-physical world mental causation is perfectly real, and that it can be understood
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0121-1
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    The Epistemology of Keith Lehrer (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401000130
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (364p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophical Studies Series 95
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Epistemology. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: Keith Lehrer is one of the leading proponents of a coherence theory of knowledge that seeks to explain what it means to know in a characteristically human way. Central to his account are the pivotal role played by a principle of self-trust and his insistence that a sound epistemology must ultimately be ecumenical in nature, combining elements of internalism and externalism. The present book is an extensive, self-contained, up-to-date study of Lehrer's epistemological work. Covering all major aspects, it contains original contributions by some of the most distinguished specialists in the field, outgoing from the latest, significantly revised version of Lehrer's theory. All basic ideas are explained in an introductory chapter. Lehrer's extensive replies in a final chapter give unique access to his current epistemological thinking
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0013-0
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  • 17
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    Henry More, 1614-1687 : A Biography of the Cambridge Platonist (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401702171
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXVI, 278 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées 185
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 185
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; History ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History. ; Philosophy, Modern.
    Kurzfassung: Henry More (1614-1687), the Cambridge Platonist, is often presented as an elusive and contradictory figure. An early apologist for the new natural philosophy and its rational support for Christian doctrine, More also defended the existence of witchcraft and wrote extensively on the nature of the soul and the world of spirits. A vigorous and prolific controversialist against many varieties of contemporary `atheism' and `enthusiasm', More was himself a spiritual perfectionist and illuminist, believing that the goal of the religious life was a conscious union with God. Until now, most biographies of More have ignored these, his own, preoccupations, and have made of him a rather eccentric but important illustrative figure in one of several larger narratives dominated by canonical figures like Descartes, Boyle, Spinoza or Newton. This is the first modern biography to place his own religious and philosophical preoccupations centre-stage, and to provide a coherent interpretation of his work from a consideration of his own writings, their contexts and aims. It is also the first study of More to exploit the full range of his prolific writings and a number of unknown manuscripts relating to his life. In addition, it contains an annotated handlist of his extant correspondence
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0217-1
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    Ernst Mach’s World Elements : A Study in Natural Philosophy (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401701754
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XII, 292 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science 68
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 68
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy and science. ; History ; Philosophy—History. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Ernst Mach (1838-1916) was a seminal philosopher-scientist and a deserving member of the canon of major twentieth-century thinkers. Yet, despite a healthy resurgence in Mach studies, he is still widely thought to represent a simplistic positivist, even sensationalist, position that does not at all reflect the depth of Mach's interests and subtlety as a philosopher. By exploring Mach's views on science as well as philosophy, this book attempts to wrest him free from his customary association with logical positivism and to reinterpret him on his own terms as a natural philosopher and naturalist about human knowledge. Mach's development and his influences from 19th century German philosophy and science are probed in great conceptual and historical detail, and attention is paid to his unpublished Nachlaß as well as to the affinities between Mach's thought and that of other major philosopher-scientists such as Einstein, Bertrand Russell, William James, Helmholtz, Riemann, Herbart and Kant. In particular, the book strives to set forth the true nature of Mach's sensation-elements, the motivations for his critique of the concepts of space and time in physics, and the real meaning of his famous critique of metaphysics. The author's work has appeared in Synthese, Kant-Studien, Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics and the Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, but here these inquiries are gathered into a unified historico-critical treatment that follows Mach's conceptual development and the culmination of his work in a unique and intriguing natural philosophy. Physicists, psychologists, philosophers of science, historians of twentieth-century thought and culture, and educators will find this volume a valuable help in interpreting Mach's ideas in a context that includes philosophy and science and the bridge between them
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0175-4
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  • 19
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    Metaphysics, Facticity, Interpretation : Phenomenology in the Nordic Countries (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789400710115
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 245 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology 49
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 49
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology
    Kurzfassung: The past decade has witnessed a notable turn in philosophical orientation in the Nordic countries. For the first time, the North has a generation of philosophers who are oriented to phenomenology. This means a vital rediscovery of the phenomenological tradition as a partly hidden conceptual and methodological resource for taking on contemporary philosophical problems. The essays collected in the present volume introduce the reader to the phenomenological work done in the Nordic countries today. The material is organized under three general headings: metaphysics, facticity, and interpretation. The first part, "Metaphysics", asks if phenomenology is, or could be taken as, a metaphysical inquiry. It studies this possibility in a systematic as well as in a historical perspective. The second part, "Facticity", focuses on the double character of the philosophizing subject, on the one hand, as a worldly being bound by a cultural and historical situation, and on the other hand, as the one who thinks this condition and gives it an interpretation. It studies four aspects of facticity in particular: language, dwelling, alterity, and generation. The third part, "Interpretation", clarifies the different notions of interpretation central to phenomenology, understood as hermeneutics
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-1011-5
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  • 20
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    The New Science and Jesuit Science: Seventeenth Century Perspectives (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401703611
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 270 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 6
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion. ; Mathematics.
    Kurzfassung: Until recently, the contribution of the Society of Jesus to the Scientific Revolution remained sketchy at best, as the perception of the Jesuits as plodding pedagogues and obscurantists sanctioned the disregard of their activities. The present volume makes an important contribution toward a more nuanced appreciation of the Jesuits' interaction with "modernity", and a far greater recognition of their contribution to the two poles of modern science: the mathematization of natural philosophy and experimental science. The six essays provide a cross-section of the complex Jesuit encounter with the mathematical sciences during the seventeenth century, as well as a factor in the quandary faced by practitioners in their pursuit of science and in their ability to make their research public
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0361-1
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  • 21
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    Realism in Action : Essays in the Philosophy of the Social Sciences (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789400710467
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 292 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 321
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Realism in Action is a selection of essays written by leading representatives in the fields of action theory and philosophy of mind, philosophy of the social sciences and especially the nature of social action, and of epistemology and philosophy of science. Practical reason, reasons and causes in action theory, intending and trying, and folk-psychological explanation are some of the topics discussed by these leading participants. A particular emphasis is laid on trust, commitments and social institutions, on the possibility of grounding social notions in individual social attitudes, on the nature of social groups, institutions and collective intentionality, and on common belief and common knowledge. Applications to the social sciences include, e.g., a look at the Erklären-Verstehen controversy in economics, and at constructivist and realist views on archeological reconstructions of the past
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-1046-7
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  • 22
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    Locke on Essence and Identity (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789400710054
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 212 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophical Studies Series 98
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Ontology
    Kurzfassung: This book is a study of John Locke's metaphysics of organisms and persons, with particular emphasis on his theory of identity through time and his conventionalism with respect to kinds and essences. Although these positions seem to be obviously incompatible-his persistence conditions for organisms and persons evidently commit him to attributing de re essential properties to these objects-the final three chapters constitute a sustained argument against this position. After presenting three arguments for thinking that the organisms and persons in Locke's ontology have both spatial and temporal extent, Conn argues that on a four-dimensional ontology (and only on such an ontology) there is no contradiction between Locke's theory of identity and his rejection of essentialism
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-1005-4
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  • 23
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    Time and Ethics: Essays at the Intersection (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401735308
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 241 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 14
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Ethics seeks answers to questions about the moral status of human actions and human lives. Actions and lives are temporal things. Thus, one would think that answers to ethical questions should take some account of their temporal features. And yet, while a number of authors have drawn attention to the relation between time and ethics (Derek Parfit and Thomas Nagel in particular), there has never been a systematic study of the impact of temporal considerations on ethical issues. There is a pressing need for an investigation into how time and ethics impact on each other. This book leads the way in addressing that need. The essays in this collection raise and investigate some of the key issues that arise at the intersection between these two areas of philosophy. Anyone with an interest in ethics, (undergraduates, postgraduates and professional philosophers alike), will have a reason to read this book, as will anyone with an interest in the metaphysics of time, and how it connects with issues in other areas of philosophy
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3530-8
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  • 24
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    Philosophy and Neuroscience : A Ruthlessly Reductive Account (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401002370
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (256p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Brain and Mind 2
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Psychology, clinical ; Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy of mind ; Neuropsychology. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Philosophy and Neuroscience: A Ruthlessly Reductive Account is the first book-length treatment of philosophical issues and implications in current cellular and molecular neuroscience. John Bickle articulates a philosophical justification for investigating "lower level" neuroscientific research and describes a set of experimental details that have recently yielded the reduction of memory consolidation to the molecular mechanisms of long-term potentiation (LTP). These empirical details suggest answers to recent philosophical disputes over the nature and possibility of psycho-neural scientific reduction, including the multiple realization challenge, mental causation, and relations across explanatory levels. Bickle concludes by examining recent work in cellular neuroscience pertaining to features of conscious experience, including the cellular basis of working memory, the effects of explicit selective attention on single-cell activity in visual cortex, and sensory experiences induced by cortical microstimulation.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0237-0
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  • 25
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    The Return of Scepticism : From Hobbes and Descartes to Bayle (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401701310
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXVIII, 495 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 184
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 184
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: The theme of scepticism has been central in the study of the history of ideas in modern times since Richard Popkin's and Charles Schmitt's works. After them, the assumption connected with the philosophical notion of scepticism was broadened so as to define the critical use of reason and doubt concerning the truth of religion, the function of politics, the aims of science, thus becoming a central intellectual issue in the making of modernity. In this collection of articles (in fact the proceedings of an international conference held in Vercelli) special care is dedicated to placing the theme of scepticism within its philosophical tradition. Moreover, in comparison with other historical studies, the English philosophical thinkers appear here in the foreground, with a number of contributions on Hobbes, Locke, Cambridge Platonists and the Latitude-Men. The French Context also, ranging from Descartes to Malebranche, from Arnauld and Port-Royal to Huet, Bayle and his followers, is explored in depth. Some articles deal with Italian major figures (Vico and Galilei above all) and Spanish culture. Special care is dedicated to the relationships between history of philosophical ideas and the problems rising from the history of sciences (medicine, physics, linguistics, historical scholarship) in the 17th and the 18th centuries. Level of readership or target groups: University Courses, University Libraries, Specialized scholars
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0131-0
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    The Social Origins of Modern Science (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401141420
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (LXI, 267 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 200
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 200
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The most outstanding feature of this book is that here, for the first time, is made available in a single volume all the important historical essays Edgar Zilsel (1891-1944) published during WWII on the emergence of modern science. This edition also contains one previously unpublished essay and an extended version of an essay published earlier. In these essays, Zilsel developed the now famous thesis, named after him, that science came into being when, in the late Middle Ages, the social barriers between the intellectuals and the artisans were eroded, due to the fact that the rapidly expanding commercial classes of that period had a keen interest in improvements in technology. This class was city-based and stimulated a social environment in which men of learning came to regard the craftsmen and technicians with a new respect, in which they no longer felt any contempt for manual work and in which theory and practice were eventually combined to produce modern science. This critical edition also carries a long introduction in which much new material about Zilsel's life and work is presented. It suggests that a radical new look at Zilsel's project needs to be taken. Zilsel's essays on the history of science look like a standard case study to substantiate a particular position on the origins of modern science, but they were also an attempt to show that lawlike explanation in history and social theory is possible. It is claimed that Zilsel's historical essays were a part of another project he was working on which focused on the idea that social phenomena were open to causal explanation as much as physical phenomena. Hence the volume also contains the essays Zilsel wrote in relation to this other project. Previously there have been published a German and an Italian edition of the Zilsel essays. This edition is the first in English; compared to the other two editions this one is the first that includes unpublished material and the first to undertake a serious effort to research Zilsel's life and work. What is special about this volume is the well-articulated social perspective it takes on the origins of modern science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-4142-0
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    Philosophy of Latin America (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401736510
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 316 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Contemporary philosophy, A new survey 8
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy. ; Modern philosophy. ; Culture—Study and teaching. ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy—History. ; Ethnology. ; Culture.
    Kurzfassung: In most contributions collected in this volume, the influence from European and American philosophy can be felt. Remarkably, ten out of thirteen philosophers feel that the working out of a genuine Latin American local, national and continental cultural identity is a challenge to philosophy. This volume contains articles on topics within a variety of disciplines: political philosophy, ethics, history of philosophy, formal logic, philosophy of science and technology, as well as philosophical interpretation of literature. It is relevant to a large audience of philosophers and researchers in these disciplines
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preface -- Introduction -- Philosophy in Latin America in the 20th Century -- The Reception of Analytical Philosophy in Latin America -- La Philosophie Contemporaine en Amérique Latine -- La Philosophie Argentine au XXe Siècle -- Philosophy in Contemporary Colombia (1930-1994) -- La Philosophie au Chili -- A Phenomenological Reading of the Andes: Toward the Desublimation of the "Cholo" -- La Discussion Contemporaine entre l'Ethique du Discours et l'Ethique de la Libération -- Muere o Sobrevive la filosofía en el Ecuador? Razones de su descrédito y propuestas para su renacimiento -- Truth and Realism : A Current Debate in Latin America -- Philosophy of Science and Technology: A Personal Report -- On Some Recent Undecidability and Incompleteness Results in the Axiomatized Sciences -- Meta-Technics as the Philosophical Expression of the New World -- Index.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3651-0
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    Discovering Reality : Feminist Perspectives on Epistemology, Metaphysics, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401001014
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXXIX, 332 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Second Edition
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library 161
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 161
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    DDC: 305.42
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Methodology ; Philosophy and science. ; Epistemology. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Sociology—Methodology. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This collection of essays, first published two decades ago, presents central feminist critiques and analyses of natural and social sciences and their philosophies. Unfortunately, in spite of the brilliant body of research and scholarship in these fields in subsequent decades, the insights of these essays remain as timely now as they were then: philosophy and the sciences still presume kinds of social innocence to which they are not entitled. The essays focus on Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, Hobbes, Rousseau, and Marx; on the 'adversary method' model of philosophic reasoning; on principles of individuation on philosophical ontology and philosophy of language; on individualistic assumptions in psychology; functionalism in sociological and biological theory; evolutionary theory; the methodology of political science; and conceptions of objective inquiry in the sciences. In taking insights of both Liberal and Marxian women's movements into the purportedly most abstract and value-free areas of Western thought, these essays chart sexist and androcentric assumptions, claims and practices in the cognitive, technical cores of Western sciences and their philosophies. They begin to identify the distinctive aspects of women's experiences and locations in male-supremacist social structures which can provide resources needed for the creation of post-androcentric thinking in research, scholarship, and public policy. Such uses of feminist insights remain controversial today, and even among some feminists
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0101-4
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    Philosophy of Arithmetic : Psychological and Logical Investigations with Supplementary Texts from 1887-1901 (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401000604
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (LXIV, 515 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Edmund Husserl, Collected Works 10
    Serie: Husserliana: Edmund Husserl – Collected Works 10
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    Schlagwort(e): Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Mathematics ; Phenomenology ; Number theory ; History.
    Kurzfassung: In his first book, Philosophy of Arithmetic, Edmund Husserl provides a carefully worked out account of number as a categorial or formal feature of the objective world, and of arithmetic as a symbolic technique for mastering the infinite field of numbers for knowledge. It is a realist account of numbers and number relations that interweaves them into the basic structure of the universe and into our knowledge of reality. It provides an answer to the question of how arithmetic applies to reality, and gives an account of how, in general, formalized systems of symbols work in providing access to the world. The "appendices" to this book provide some of Husserl's subsequent discussions of how formalisms work, involving David Hilbert's program of completeness for arithmetic. "Completeness" is integrated into Husserl's own problematic of the "imaginary", and allows him to move beyond the analysis of "representations" in his understanding of the logic of mathematics. Husserl's work here provides an alternative model of what "conceptual analysis" should be - minus the "linguistic turn", but inclusive of language and linguistic meaning. In the process, he provides case after case of "Phenomenological Analysis" - fortunately unencumbered by that title - of the convincing type that made Husserl's life and thought a fountainhead of much of the most important philosophical work of the twentieth Century in Europe. Many Husserlian themes to be developed at length in later writings first emerge here: Abstraction, internal time consciousness, polythetic acts, acts of higher order ('founded' acts), Gestalt qualities and their role in knowledge, formalization (as opposed to generalization), essence analysis, and so forth. This volume is a window on a period of rich and illuminating philosophical activity that has been rendered generally inaccessible by the supposed "revolution" attributed to "Analytic Philosophy" so-called. Careful exposition and critique is given to every serious alternative account of number and number relations available at the time. Husserl's extensive and trenchant criticisms of Gottlob Frege's theory of number and arithmetic reach far beyond those most commonly referred to in the literature on their views
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0060-4
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    Descartes’s Mathematical Thought (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401712255
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 496 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 237
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 237
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy and science. ; Mathematics ; History ; Philosophy—History. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Covering both the history of mathematics and of philosophy, Descartes's Mathematical Thought reconstructs the intellectual career of Descartes most comprehensively and originally in a global perspective including the history of early modern China and Japan. Especially, it shows what the concept of "mathesis universalis" meant before and during the period of Descartes and how it influenced the young Descartes. In fact, it was the most fundamental mathematical discipline during the seventeenth century, and for Descartes a key notion which may have led to his novel mathematics of algebraic analysis
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1225-5
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    Mixture and Chemical Combination : And Related Essays (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401722926
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXX, 322 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 223
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 223
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Chemistry ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Much of Duhem's work as a professional scientist was closely related to the newly emerging discipline of physical chemistry. The book and associated papers translated here revolve around his concomitant philosophical and historical interests in chemistry-topics largely uncovered by Duhem's writings hitherto available in English. He understood contemporary concerns of chemists to be a development of the ancient dispute over the nature of mixture. Having developed his historical account from distinctions drawn from the atomists and Aristotelians of antiquity, he places his own views of chemical combination squarely within the Aristotelian tradition. Apart from illuminating Duhem's own work, it is of interest to see how the ancient dispute can be related to modern science by someone competent to make such comparisons. The book is lucid and logically stringent without assuming any particular mathematical prerequisites, and provides a masterly statement of an important line of nineteenth century thought which is of interest in its own right as well as providing insight into Duhem's broader philosophical views
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2292-6
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    If Tropes (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401700795
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 188 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 308
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy of nature
    Kurzfassung: In the book If Tropes, the author attempts to approach and then deal with some of the most basic problems for a theory of tropes. The investigation proceeds from three basic assumptions: (i) tropes (i.e. particular properties) exist, (ii) only tropes exist (that is, tropes are the only basic or fundamental kind of entities), and (iii) the main-function for tropes is to serve as truth-makers for atomic propositions. Provided that one accepts these assumptions the author finds that the trope-theorist will have to deal with two important matters. Some atomic propositions seem to require universal truth-makers and others seem to require concrete truth-makers. This means that universals and concrete particulars will need to be constructed from the material of tropes. Such constructions are attempted and it is argued that it is possible to deal at least with these basic issues while staying squarely within the boundaries of a purely trope-theoretical framework. The book is written in an untechnical language but requires some prior understanding of basic metaphysics
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0079-5
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    E.A. Burtt, Historian and Philosopher : A Study of the author of The Metaphysical Foundations of Modern Physical Science (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401713313
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 299 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 226
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 226
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Burtt's book, The Metaphysical Foundations of Modern Physical Science, is something of a puzzle within the context of twentieth-century intellectual history, especially American intellectual history. Burtt's pioneering study of the scientific revolution has proved to prophetic in its rejection of both scientism and positivism. Published in 1924, Burtt's book continues to be read in educated circles and remains both the rose and the thorn on university reading lists, raising skeptical questions about science methods and science knowledge just as it did seventy-five years ago. This book examines Burtt's public, academic and personal life. From his politics of conscience after World War I on through the Cold War Burtt is shown to be a man of unparalleled integrity, whose relentless search for philosophic understanding drove his more quixotic philosophical quests and steered his personal life, including its tragic dimension, toward simple virtue. The many who have been affected by The Metaphysical Foundations will be especially interested in this new perspective on the life and thought of its author. Those who have not read Burtt's books might be inspired to study this unusual American thinker
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1331-3
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    What was Mechanical about Mechanics : The Concept of Force between Metaphysics and Mechanics from Newton to Lagrange (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401736725
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVI, 280 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 224
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 224
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Physics. ; Mechanics ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The great debates of the 18th century about the true measure of living force and the principle of least action, etc., can only be understood in depth if we realize that, at that time, mechanics was more than just mechanics. From Newton and Leibniz to Euler, Maupertuis, d'Alembert, and Lagrange, there was a metaphysical dimension to the pertinent issues, albeit partly at an implicit level. This gave the debates their typical flavor and texture, and influenced their outcomes deeply. On an explicit level, there was a progressive rejection of the traditional metaphysical approach to the foundations of mechanics. This was accompanied by profound conceptual changes in mechanics, away from force conceived as a substance, like water, and toward force conceived as a relationship between the elements in a structure of space and time. Thus these controversies helped to turn mechanics into the discipline we recognize today
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3672-5
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    The Practice of Language (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401734394
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VI, 273 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: How is linguistic theory related to linguistic practice? What do theoretical notions and models tell us about real-life language use? Are there any limits to what such notions and models can reasonably be taken to accomplish? These questions are fundamental to any serious investigation into the phenomena of human communication. The essays in this book show that philosophers and linguists of quite different brands have tended to give undue priority to their own favourite theoretical framework, and have presupposed that the descriptive scheme invoked by that framework constitutes a pattern to which any linguistic practice somehow has to conform. What unites the contributors to this volume is a critical attitude towards such essentialist aspirations. By investigating several concrete examples of this tendency - examples collected from such seemingly disparate areas as structuralism, contemporary analytic philosophy and feminist epistemology - the authors collectively manage to cast doubt on the very attempt to fit the whole of linguistic practice into a general theoretical mould
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Part I: Historical Perspectives. On the Linguistic Turn in Philosophy. Humboldt: Grammatical Form and `Weltansicht'. Language as Sign and Use: A Study of Certain Aspects of Saussure's View of Language -- Part II: Prejudiced Preconceptions: Notions of Language Within Linguistics and Feminist Epistemology. Expression and Content in Linguistic Theory. The History of Swedish Grammar and Professor Chomsky. How Ordinary is Ordinary Experience? Language in Feminist Epistemology and Philosophy of Science -- Part III: The Practice of Meaning and Truth. Putnam on Truth. Meaning, Saying, Truth -- Part IV: Themes from Wittgenstein. Wittgenstein, Meursault and the Difficulty of Philosophy. Wittgenstein, Logical Form and Grammatical Remarks. On Rule-Following. Are We all Trapped in Nonsense? On the Need for a Listener and Community Standards -- References -- Notes on the Contributors -- Index.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3439-4
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    Individuals, Essence and Identity : Themes of Analytic Metaphysics (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401718660
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (516 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Topoi Library 4
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The book's aim is to give a working representation of what metaphysics is today. The historical contributions reveal the roots of metaphysical themes and how today's methods are linked to their Aristotelian and Leibnizian past. The volume also touches on the relationships between ontological and linguistic analysis, the questions of realism and ontological commitment, the nature of abstract objects, the existential meaning of particular quantification, the primitiveness of identity, the question of epistemic versus ontological vagueness, the necessity of origin, the nature of natural necessity, the possibility of intermittent existence, the notion of a temporal part and its place in an account of persistence, the question of identity and change across time and possible worlds, and many more. Readership: A toolbox for any researcher in metaphysics and an essential source for any PhD student with ontological interests
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction -- Part One: Ontology and Analysis. The Question of Realism. Words and Objects -- Part Two: Essence and Existence. Being and Essence in Contemporary Interpretations of Aristotle. Some Comments on Prof. Enrico Berti's Paper "Being and Essence in Contemporary Interpretations of Aristotle". Existence, Identity, and Aristotelian Tradition. Orenstein on Existence and Identity. Abstract Objects: A Case Study. Kinds, Essence, and Natural Necessity. Kinds of Necessity: a Commentary on E.J. Lowe's Paper -- Part Three: Identity. Aristotle's Notion of Identity. Sameness in Aristole's Topics. Identity and Supervenience. Comments on Wiggings's Paper "Identity and Supervenience". Vagueness, Identity, and Leibniz's Law. Williamson on Vagueness, Identity, and Leibniz's Law. Origins and Identities. Forbes on Origins and Identities -- Part Four: Time and Persistence. Leibniz, Composite Substances and the Persistence of Organic Things. On Naturalising Leibniz (a Reply to Anthony Savile). Temporal Parts and Identity Across Time. Van Inwagen on Temporal Parts and Identity Across Time. Change and Change-Ersatz. Starting over -- List of Contributors -- Bibliography -- Index of Names.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1866-0
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    The Creative Matrix of the Origins : Dynamisms, Forces and the Shaping of Life (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401005388
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXVI, 408 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 77
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Philosophy of mind. ; Self.
    Kurzfassung: Creative force or creative shaping? This unprecedented effort to plumb the workings of the ontopoiesis of life by disentangling its primordial forces and shaping devices as they enter into the originary matrixes of life yields fascinating insights. Prepared by the investigation of the first two matrixes (the `womb of life' and `sharing-in-life', Analecta Husserliana Volume 74) the present collection of essays focuses upon the third and crowning creative matrix, Imaginatio Creatrix here proves itself to be the source and driving force which brings us to the origins of the human mind - human life. Studies by: Elof Axel Carlson, A-T. Tymieniecka, N. Milkov, Eldon C. Wait, K. Rokstad, M. Golaszewska, M. Küle, W. Kim Rogers, Piotr Mróz, R. Pinilla Burgos, A. Carrillo Canán, G.R. Ronsivalle, J.E. Smith, A. Pawliszyn, A. Rizzacasa, L. Galzigna and M. Galzigna, Jiro Watanabe, M. Jakubczak, K. Tarnowski, M. Durst, W. Pawliszyn, R.A. Kurenkova, Carmen Cozma, E. Supinska-Polit, I.S. Fiut, Gerald Nyenhuis, Osvaldo Rossi, R.D. Sweeney, and D. Ulicka
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: From the contents:Acknowledgements -- Section I: Color perception: an on-going convergence of reductionism and phenomenology -- Section II: Intersubjective parameters of the life process -- Section III: Leibniz's performationism: between metaphysics and biology -- Section IV: The significance of art for human life from the viewpoint of ontological aesthetics -- Section V: Roman Ingarden's analysis of the concepts of truth in literature -- Index.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0538-8
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    A Paradigm Theory of Existence : Onto-Theology Vindicated (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401705882
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XII, 286 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophical Studies Series 89
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Religion. ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: What is it for any contingent thing to exist? Why does any contingent thing exist? For some time now, the preferred style in addressing such questions has been deflationary when it has not been eliminativist. In its critical half, this book thoroughly analyzes and demolishes the main deflationary and eliminativist accounts of existence, including those of Brentano, Frege, Russell, and Quine, thereby restoring existence to its rightful place as one of the deep topics in philosophy, if not the deepest. In its constructive half, the book defends the thesis that the two questions admit of a unified answer, and that this answer takes the form of what the author calls a paradigm theory of existence. The central idea of the paradigm theory is that existence itself is a paradigmatically existent concrete individual. In this way the author vindicates onto-theology and puts paid to the Heideggerian conceit that Being cannot itself be a being. This work will be of interest to all serious students and teachers of philosophy, especially those interested in metaphysics and the philosophy of religion
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preface -- I: The Idea of a Paradigm Theory of Existence -- II: Is Existence a First-Level Property?- III: The `No Difference' Theory -- IV: Is Existence a Property of Properties?- V: Mondial Attribute Theories -- VI: The Ontology of the Contingent Existent -- VII: The Ground of the Contingent Existent -- VIII: The Paradigm Existent. References -- Index.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0588-2
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    History of Philosophy of Science : New Trends and Perspectives (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401717854
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 441 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook [2001], Institut ‘Wiener Kreis’ Society for the Advancement of the Scientific World Conception 9
    Serie: Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook, Institute Vienna Circle, University of Vienna Vienna Circle Society, Society for the Advancement of Scientific World Conceptions 9
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Philosophy—History. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This volume includes in its special part recent contributions to the philosophy of science from a historical point of view and of the highest topicality: the range of the topics is covering all fields in the philosophy of the science provided by authors from Europe, America and around the world focussing on ancient , modern and contemporary periods in the development of the science philosophy. It represents a distinguished selection of the "Third Biennial Meeting of the History of Philosophy of Science Working Group" in Vienna (HOPOS 2000), which was jointly organised by Vienna Circle Institute at the University of Vienna. The audience of this proceedings is the scientific community and students at graduate level as well as postdocs in this interdisciplinary field of research.The general part contains as usual a report/document section with special highlights - contributions on American philosophers (by Gerald Holton) and on Wittgenstein (David Stern) - as well as review articles and review related new publications and short documentation of Vienna Circle Institute's activities
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1785-4
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    Hermeneutic Philosophy of Science, Van Gogh’s Eyes, and God : Essays in Honor of Patrick A. Heelan, S.J (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401717670
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVII, 495 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 225
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy, modern ; Aesthetics ; Phenomenology ; Religion. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This richly textured book bridges analytic and hermeneutic and phenomenological philosophy of science, featuring unique resources for students of the philosophy and history of quantum mechanics and the Copenhagen Interpretation, cognitive theory and the psychology of perception, the history and philosophy of art, and the pragmatic and historical relationships between religion and science. Of special interest is the new technology of variational graphic representations with the insights (and mathematical apparatus) of Patrick Heelan's work on the perception of space and the history of art, particularly the work of Cézanne and Van Gogh. This book will interest students of the scientific philosophies of Heisenberg and Bohr, Wittgenstein (on science - Hertz - and on religion - Rush Rhees), as well as the social histories of Thomas Kuhn and Ludwig Fleck, and the philosophical insights of Husserl, Heidegger, Merleau-Ponty, Lacan, Foucault, and including pragmatism and the contemporary Thomism of Bernard Longeran
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1767-0
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    Appraising Lakatos : Mathematics, Methodology, and the Man (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401707695
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 382 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Vienna Circle Institute Library 1
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Epistemology. ; Modern philosophy. ; Political philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Mathematics. ; History. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Imre Lakatos (1922-1974) was one of the protagonists in shaping the "new philosophy of science". More than 25 years after his untimely death, it is time for a critical re-evaluation of his ideas. His main theme of locating rationality within the scientific process appears even more compelling today, after many historical case studies have revealed the cultural and societal elements within scientific practices. Recently there has been, above all, an increasing interest in Lakatos' philosophy of mathematics, which emphasises heuristics and mathematical practice over logical justification. But suitable modifications of his approach are called for in order to make it applicable to modern axiomatised theories. Pioneering historical research in England and Hungary has unearthed hitherto unknown facts about Lakatos' personal life, his wartime activities and his involvement in the political developments of post-war Europe. From a communist activist committed to Györgyi Lukács' thinking, Lakatos developed into a staunch anti-Marxist who found his intellectual background in Popper's critical rationalism. The volume also publishes for the first time a part of his Debrecen Ph.D. thesis and it is concluded by a bibliography of his Hungarian writings
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0769-5
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    Capital as Organic Unity : The Role of Hegel’s Science of Logic in Marx’s Grundrisse (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401598545
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIII, 193 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophical Studies in Contemporary Culture 9
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Political science Philosophy ; Political philosophy. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Logic ; History ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This is a work of historical critical exegesis. It aims to establish the influence of the Science of Logic (SL) of G.W.F. Hegel on the Grundrisse of Karl Marx. It is the first work in the history of Marx Studies to demonstrate that the Hegelian logic guided Marx's doctrinal development, and that the ordering of the logical categories in the SL is reflected in the ordering of economic categories in the Grundrisse. The Grundrisse are both a critique of political economy, and a critical appropriation of Hegel's SL. Thus, the work establishes that Marx was cognizant of, and respected, the necessity of the development of Hegel's exposition of logical categories of scientific method. The Grundrisse can therefore be divided into three sections. Each is distinguished from the others based upon the peculiar logic that is used in the exposition of the particular subject matter that is treated in that section. This work uses a particular form of historical critical exegesis that relies on "concept exegesis" (Begriffsexegese). It attempts to establish that the ideas that are found in one text are related to ideas in another; and, to be more specific, that the logical form of one work is indebted to the logical form of another. The method that is used in concept exegesis is empirical. The text under scrutiny is first broken down into component parts, and further subdivided. The logical form of the argumentation in each part is isolated. It is then compared to the logical form of another text, for purposes of establishing an indebtedness
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9854-5
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    Topik (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401735483
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IV, 210 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Reihe Gegründet von H.L. van Breda und Publiziert unter Schirmherrschaft der Husserl-Archive 162
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 162
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Logic ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: "Wahr" oder "unwahr" scheinen Prädikate, die nur einer Aussage zukommen können. Die Frage, auf die eine Aussage antwortet, das Thema, worauf sie sich einläßt, der Gegenstand, über den sie sich ausspricht, scheinen nicht "wahr" oder "verkehrt", sondern allenfalls "interessant" oder "uninteressant" sein zu können. Die Frage der Topik, wie sie hier gestellt und erörtert wird, ist dahingegen die, ob sich nicht auch für eine Frage, ein Thema, einen Gegenstand, verbunden mit der Frage des Interesses, eine Frage der Wahrheit (die Frage einer "topischen Wahrheit") stellt, da sonst die Frage nach der `mogischen Wahrheit' einer Aussage buchstäblich gegenstandlos zu werden Gefahr läuft. In einem ersten Kapitel soll im Hinblick auf eine Reihe von Phänomenen (vom `Betrug' bis hin zur `Diskussion') gezeigt sein, daß sich eine solche Frage der Topik in der Tat stellt; im zweiten Kapitel, daß sie sich auch längst schon, sei es auch nicht unter diesem Namen, in der modernen Wissenschaftsphilosophie (von Kant bis Thomas Kuhn) erhoben hat. Das dritte Kapitel ist ein Versuch zur Grundlegung einer Antwort auf die Frage der Topik. Das vierte Kapitel soll zeigen, daß die gewöhnliche Ausflucht aus der Frage der Topik selber auf einer eigentümlichen Antwort auf die Frage der Topik beruht
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3548-3
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    Ceterus Paribus Laws (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401710091
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (III, 174 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy of mind ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Natural and social sciences seem very often, though usually only implicitly, to hedge their laws by ceteris paribus clauses - a practice which is philosophically very hard to understand because such clauses seem to render the laws trivial and unfalsifiable. After early worries the issue is vigorously discussed in the philosophy of science and the philosophy of mind since ca. 15 years. This volume collects the most prominent philosophers of science in the field and presents a lively, controversial, but well-integrated, highly original and up-to-date discussion of the issue. It will be the reference book in the coming years concerning ceteris paribus laws
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1009-1
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    Mutating Concepts, Evolving Disciplines: Genetics, Medicine, and Society (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401002691
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 333 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophy and Medicine 75
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    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Human genetics ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Philosophy and science.
    Kurzfassung: Advances in genetics, such as the Human Genome Project's successful mapping of the human genome and the discovery of ever more sites of disease-related mutations, invite re-examination of basic concepts underlying our fundamental social practices and institutions. Having children, assigning responsibility, identifying causes, using social and scientific resources to improve human well-being, among other concepts, will never be the same. Our concepts of moral and legal responsibility, cause and effect, disease prevention, health, disability, enhancement, personal identity, and reproductive autonomy and responsibility are all subtly changing in response to developments in genetics. Biology, law, medicine, and other disciplines are also evolving in response to mutating concepts in genetics itself-for example, dominance, causation, behavior, gene expression, and gene. The selections in this volume employ philosophical and historical perspectives to shed light on classic social, ethical, and philosophical issues raised with renewed urgency against the backdrop of the mapping of the human genome
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0269-1
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    Ideas for a Hermeneutic Phenomenology of the Natural Sciences : Volume II: On the Importance of Methodical Hermeneutics for a Hermeneutic Phenomenology of the Natural Sciences (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401003797
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XV, 208 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 46
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Ideas for Hermeneutic Phenomenology of Natural Sciences (published in 1993 as volume 15 of this series) comprised mainly ontological reflections on the natural sciences. That book explained why the natural sciences must be considered inherently interpretive in character, and clarified the conditions under which scientific interpretations are "legitimate" and may be called "true". This companion volume focuses on methodological issues. Its first part elucidates the methodical hermeneutics developed in the 19th century by Boeckh, Birt, Dilthey, and others. Its second part, through the use of concrete examples drawn from modern physics as it unfolded from Copernicus to Maxwell, clarifies and "proves" the main points of the ontologico-hermeneutical conception of the sciences elaborated in the earlier volume. It thereby both illuminates the most important problems confronting an ontologico-phenomenological approach to the natural sciences and offers an alternative to Kuhn's conception of the historical development of the natural sciences
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0379-7
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    Emotions and Choice from Boethius to Descartes (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401005067
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 342 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in the History of Philosophy of Mind 1
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Modern philosophy. ; Medieval philosophy. ; Philosophy, medieval ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy, Ancient.
    Kurzfassung: The essays in this book give the first comprehensive picture of the medieval development of philosophical theories concerning the nature of emotions and the influence they have on human choice. The historical span reaches from the late ancient to the early modern philosophy, showing in detail how old and new ideas were bred and brought into the Middle Ages, and how they resulted in a genuinely modern perspective in the thought of Descartes. The essays are original contributions by a mixture of established senior scholars and promising young researchers writing on their own specialties. Since the essays look at the medieval theories of the emotions and the will with full awareness of contemporary philosophy of mind, they open up a whole new perspective on medieval philosophy
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0506-7
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    The Thomist Tradition (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401599160
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 239 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Suppl.: Rezensiert in Dougherty, Jude P. Book review 2004
    Serie: Handbook of Contemporary Philosophy of Religion 2
    Serie: Springer eBook Collection
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    RVK:
    BF 8800
    RVK:
    CE 4713
    RVK:
    CC 8500
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Medieval philosophy. ; Philosophy, medieval ; Philosophy, modern ; Religion. ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History. ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Thomismus ; Religionsphilosophie ; Thomismus ; Religionsphilosophie ; Thomas von Aquin, Heiliger 1225-1274 ; Rezeption ; Neuthomismus
    Kurzfassung: The Thomist Tradition focuses on central themes in contemporary Thomism, including religious knowledge, language, science, evil, morality, human nature, God and religious diversity
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9916-0
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    Inconsistency in Science (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401700856
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 223 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Origins, Studies in the sources of scientific creativity 2
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy and science. ; Logic ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: For centuries, inconsistencies were seen as a hindrance to good reasoning, and their role in the sciences was ignored. In recent years, however, logicians as well as philosophers and historians have showed a growing interest in the matter. Central to this change were the advent of paraconsistent logics, the shift in attention from finished theories to construction processes, and the recognition that most scientific theories were at some point either internally inconsistent or incompatible with other accepted findings. The new interest gave rise to important questions. How is `logical anarchy' avoided? Is it ever rational to accept an inconsistent theory? In what sense, if any, can inconsistent theories be considered as true? The present collection of papers is the first to deal with this kind of questions. It contains case studies as well as philosophical analyses, and presents an excellent overview of the different approaches in the domain
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0085-6
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    Cartesian Spacetime : Descartes’ Physics and the Relational Theory of Space and Motion (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401709750
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XII, 251 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées 181
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 181
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Physics. ; Modern philosophy. ; Applied mathematics. ; Engineering mathematics. ; Philosophy, modern ; Mathematics ; Metaphysics ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Although Descartes' natural philosophy marked an advance in the development of modern science, many critics over the years, such as Newton, have rejected his particular `relational' theory of space and motion. Nevertheless, it is also true that most historians and philosophers have not sufficiently investigated the viability of the Cartesian theory. This book explores, consequently, the success of the arguments against Descartes' theory of space and motion by determining if it is possible to formulate a version that can eliminate its alleged problems. In essence, this book comprises the first sustained attempt to construct a consistent `Cartesian' spacetime theory: that is, a theory of space and time that consistently incorporates Descartes' various physical and metaphysical concepts. Intended for students in the history of philosophy and science, this study reveals the sophisticated insights, and often quite successful elements, in Descartes' unjustly neglected relational theory of space and motion
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0975-0
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    Recent Themes in the Philosophy of Science : Scientific Realism and Commonsense (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401728621
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXIII, 215 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 17
    Serie: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 17
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This volume brings together ten original, thematically-related papers, written by prominent figures in the philosophy of science in Australasia and elsewhere. The contributed papers are focused on two fundamental issues in contemporary philosophy of science, the status of scientific realism and the relationship between science and commonsense. The contemporary scientific realism debate turns on the viability of the claims that science aims at truth and that we can justifiably believe that science has achieved or approximated this aim. Several papers in the collection constitute original contributions to this debate. Other papers explore what appears to be an increasingly divergent relationship between the scientific and commonsense images of the world. This volume is a valuable resource for all who are interested in and engaged by contemporary philosophy of science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2862-1
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    A Collection of Polish Works on Philosophical Problems of Time and Spacetime (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401700979
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 160 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 309
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Science Philosophy ; Quantum theory ; Astrophysics. ; Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy of nature ; Astronomy. ; Mathematical physics. ; Quantum physics. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Humanities. ; Social sciences.
    Kurzfassung: These works concern fundamental philosophical problems of time and spacetime, such as the implications of the absolute and relations concepts of motion for the disputes about the character of spacetime, the role of relativity, quantum mechanics, quantum gravity and noncommutative geometry with respect to the controversy concerning the objectivity of the flow of time, the existence of the future, the concept of branching spacetime. One paper presents the views on time of an outstanding representative of phenomenology, Roman Ingarden, thus enriching the book with some questions of philosophical anthropology and ethics. The collection is mainly addressed to research workers and graduate students
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0097-9
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    In the Scope of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science : Volume Two of the 11th International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, Cracow, August 1999 (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401704755
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (376 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 316
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy. ; Artificial intelligence ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: This is the second of two volumes containing papers submitted by the invited speakers to the 11th international Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, held in Cracow in 1999, under the auspices of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science, Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science. The invited speakers are the leading researchers and accordingly the book presents the current state of the intellectual discourse in the respective fields
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0475-5
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    Analytic Philosophy of Religion (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401707190
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 433 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Suppl.: Rezensiert in Power, William L. James F. Harris, Analytic Philosophy of Religion 2004
    Serie: Handbook of Contemporary Philosophy of Religion 3
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: This book should prove to be an invaluable resource and reference for both scholars and students interested in any problem in the area of analytic philosophy of religion. Analytic Philosophy of Religion is a thorough examination of the major issues that have occupied twentieth-century Anglo-American, analytic philosophy of religion and the positions that have been developed by the major figures in the field. The author also develops his own critical reactions to these positions and, in many cases, his own positions as well. Attention is focused on what have proven to be the enduring, major problems of analytic philosophy of religion: the development and nature of analytic philosophy, the problem of religious language, the nature of God, arguments for the existence of God, religious experience, religious epistemology, religion and science, the problem of evil, naturalism and humanism, religion and ethics, and religious pluralism. For contents and a free preview for all three volumes: www.new-in-philosophy.com
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0719-0
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    The Visible and the Invisible in the Interplay between Philosophy, Literature and Reality (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401004855
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (344p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook Of Phenomenological Research 75
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Comparative Literature ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Merleau-Ponty's categories of the visible and the invisible are investigated afresh and with originality in this penetrating collection of literary and philosophical inquiries. Going beyond the traditional and current references to the mental and the sensory, mind and body, perceptual content and the abstract ideas conveyed in language, etc., these studies range from the `hidden spheres of reality', to the play of the visible and the invisible left as traces in works of human genius, the origins of intellect and language, the real and the imaginary in literature, and the `hidden realities' in the philosophy of the everyday world. These literary and philosophical probings collectively reveal the role of this disjoined/conjoined pairing in the ontopoietic establishment of reality, that is, in the manifestation of the logos of life. In tandem they bring to light the hidden play of the visible and the invisible in the emergence of our vital, societal, intimate, intellectual, and creative involvements
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0485-5
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    Knowledge and Language : Selected Essays of L. Jonathan Cohen (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401720205
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (352 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 227
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 227
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This collection of twenty papers deals with a wide range of issues in philosophy of language, epistemology, history of philosophy, philosophy of psychology, jurisprudence and philosophy of science. It should be of interest to, and prove a stimulus for new work by, researchers and practitioners working in any of these fields. Tracing a route backwards through the papers as presented here, the final group is largely concerned with how empirical knowledge may be acquired through evidence in states of uncertainty; the middle group explores how such evidence often requires or results in conceptual innovation and is given to us in language the meaning of which may be difficult to determine; the first group explores how a theory of meaning can be constructed for natural and artificial languages. The papers exhibit a distinctive analytical perspective and a great deal of thematic continuity, underpinned by commitment to the richness both of language and of enquiry and opposition to simplistic or dogmatic formalisations and analyses
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2020-5
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    A Model-Theoretic Realist Interpretation of Science (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401705837
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XV, 203 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 311
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Logic ; Ontology ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: In this book Emma Ruttkamp demonstrates the power of the full-blown employment of the model-theoretic paradigm in the philosophy of science. Within this paradigm she gives an account of sciences as process and product. She expounds the "received statement" and the "non-statement" views of science, and shows how the model-theoretic approach resolves the spurious tension between these views. In this endeavour she also engages the views of a number of contemporary philosophers of science with affinity to model theory. This text can be read by specialists working in philosophy of science or formal semantics, by logicians working on the structure of theories, and by students in philosophy of science - this text offers a thorough introduction to non-statement accounts of sciences as well as a discussion of the traditional statement account of science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0583-7
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    Life Truth in its Various Perspectives : Cognition, Self-Knowledge, Creativity, Scientific Research, Sharing-in-Life, Economics… (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401720854
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVII, 379 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 76
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Epistemology. ; Aesthetics ; Ethics ; Phenomenology ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: What is truth? This fascinating spectrum of studies into the various rationalities of our human dealings with life - psychological, aesthetic, economic, spiritual - reveals their joints and calls for a new approach to truth. Putting both classical and contemporary conceptions aside, we find the primogenital ground of truth in the networks of correspondences, adequations, relevancies, and rationales at work in life's becoming. Does this plurivocal differentiation mean that the status of truth is relative? On the contrary, submits Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka, given the universal significance of the crucial instrument of the logos of life, "truth is the vortex of life's ontopoietic unfolding
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2085-4
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    Internal Logic : Foundations of Mathematics from Kronecker to Hilbert (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401700832
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 251 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 310
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    RVK:
    CC 2000
    RVK:
    SK 130
    Schlagwort(e): Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy and science. ; Mathematics ; Logic ; Mathematical logic. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Arithmetik ; Logischer Schluss
    Kurzfassung: Internal logic is the logic of content. The content is here arithmetic and the emphasis is on a constructive logic of arithmetic (arithmetical logic). Kronecker's general arithmetic of forms (polynomials) together with Fermat's infinite descent is put to use in an internal consistency proof. The view is developed in the context of a radical arithmetization of mathematics and logic and covers the many-faceted heritage of Kronecker's work, which includes not only Hilbert, but also Frege, Cantor, Dedekind, Husserl and Brouwer. The book will be of primary interest to logicians, philosophers and mathematicians interested in the foundations of mathematics and the philosophical implications of constructivist mathematics. It may also be of interest to historians, since it covers a fifty-year period, from 1880 to 1930, which has been crucial in the foundational debates and their repercussions on the contemporary scene
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0083-2
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    Hume’s Reflection on Religion (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401008488
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIII, 336 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées 178
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion. ; Religion—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This book presents a comprehensive interpretation of Hume's `serious reflection' on religion from the perspective afforded by his philosophical project and its Enlightened ends. I relate his account of the origin, development, and significant effects of religious beliefs to his own historical works, and conversely take the former as the leading thread into the disclosure of a Humean philosophy of history. I also critically analyze his views about the eminently irrational and feigned character of most religious faith and its inevitable negative effect on morality. Finally, I examine Hume's attack on the validity of the conclusions of rational theology. Reasonable support is provided for the claim that the belief in God, as an intelligent author of the universe, is a natural and reasonable belief. This work may interest both scholars and general readers who are intrigued or troubled by religion and the issues `of the utmost importance' which it raises
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0848-8
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    Long Travail and Great Paynes : A Politics of Reformation Revision (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401721158
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXXIX, 190 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Early Modern Religious Reforms 1
    Serie: Studies in Early Modern Religious Tradition, Culture and Society 1
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Semantics ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion. ; Semiotics.
    Kurzfassung: Some of England's most fascinating Renaissance texts have been forgotten by historians, literary critics and theologians alike. The earliest printed Bibles in the English language provide an astonishingly rich resource for interdisciplinary studies in the 21st century. Long Travail and Great Paynes is a close textual analysis of seven texts that for a wide range of reasons, but no good ones, have been reduced to paratextual entries in general histories of the English Bible. Through extensive collations of her own, Westbrook uncovers the work of seven Renaissance Bible translator-revisers and argues forcefully for a new agenda to replace the outmoded and inappropriate one of evaluating Renaissance Bibles according to the extent of their influence on the 1611 King James Authorised Version. Every sixteenth-century text reflects something of the historical dynamic in which it was created, and English Renaissance Bibles, with their ever-changing text and paratext, have their own unique stories to tell
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2115-8
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    Knowledge, Cause, and Abstract Objects : Causal Objections to Platonism (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401597470
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVII, 240 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 67
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of law ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Political science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Law—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: According to platonists, entities such as numbers, sets, propositions and properties are abstract objects. But abstract objects lack causal powers and a location in space and time, so how could we ever come to know of the existence of such impotent and remote objects? In Knowledge, Cause, and Abstract Objects, Colin Cheyne presents the first systematic and detailed account of this epistemological objection to the platonist doctrine that abstract objects exist and can be known. Since mathematics has such a central role in the acquisition of scientific knowledge, he concentrates on mathematical platonism. He also concentrates on our knowledge of what exists, and argues for a causal constraint on such existential knowledge. Finally, he exposes the weaknesses of recent attempts by platonists to account for our supposed platonic knowledge. This book will be of particular interest to researchers and advanced students of epistemology and of the philosophy of mathematics and science. It will also be of interest to all philosophers with a general interest in metaphysics and ontology
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9747-0
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    Millenarianism and Messianism in Early Modern European Culture : Volume III The Millenarian Turn: Millenarian Contexts of Science, Politics, and Everyday Anglo-American Life in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401722827
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (224 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées 175
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 175
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: The influence of millenarian thinking upon Cromwell's England is well-known. Less well examined, perhaps, has been the cultural and intellectual conceptions of the role of millenarian ideas in the `long' eighteenth century when, so the `official' story goes, the religious sceptics and deists of Enlightened England effectively tarred such religious radicalism as `enthusiasm'. In this collection of essays, we endeavour to revise this `official' story and to trace the influence of millenarian ideas in the science, politics, and everyday life of England and America in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preface. Introduction. Essay 1: The Appropriation of Joseph Mede. Millenarianism in the 1640s -- Essay 2: Britain and the Beast: The Apocalypse and the Seventeenth-Century Debate about the Creation of the British State -- Essay 3: A Whig Apocalypse: Millenarianism, Astrology, and Politics in the Restoration Crisis, 1678-1683 -- Essay 4: Boyle on Knowledge of Nature in the Afterlife -- Essay 5: Robert Boyle, the Conversion of the Jews, and Millennial Expectations -- Essay 6: The Virgin, the Dynamo, and Newton's Prophetic History -- Essay 7: `The Mystery of This Restitution of All Things': Isaac Newton on the Return of the Jews -- Essay 8: The Occult Bible: Hebraic Millenarianism in Eighteenth-Century England -- Essay 9: David and Goliath: Jewish Conversion and Philosemitism in Late-Eighteenth-Century Millenarian Thought -- Essay 10: Caveat Emptor: Pre- and Postmillennialism in the Late Reformation -- Essay 11: The Eschatology of Everyday Things, England, 1600-1800 -- Index.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2282-7
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    Structures in Science : Heuristic Patterns Based on Cognitive Structures. An Advanced Textbook in Neo-Classical Philosophy of Science (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401597395
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XV, 413 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 301
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy and science. ; Logic ; Artificial intelligence ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The philosophy of science has lost its self-confidence, witness the lack of advanced textbooks in contrast to the abundance of elementary textbooks. Structures in Science is an advanced textbook that explicates, updates, accommodates, and integrates the best insights of logical-empiricism and its main critics. This `neo-classical approach' aims at providing heuristic patterns for research. The book introduces four ideal types of research programs (descriptive, explanatory, design, and explicative) and reanimates the distinction between observational laws and proper theories. It explicates various patterns of explanation by subsumption and specification as well as structures in reductive and other types of interlevel research. Its analysis of theory evaluation leads to new characterizations of confirmation, empirical progress, and pseudoscience. Partial analogies between progress in nomological research (i.e. observational, referential, and theoretical truth approximation, presented in detail in From Instrumentalism to Constructive Realism, 2000) and progress in explicative and design research emerge. Finally, special chapters are devoted to design research programs, computational philosophy of science, the structuralist approach to theories, and research ethics
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9739-5
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    Between Leibniz, Newton, and Kant : Philosophy and Science in the Eighteenth Century (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401597296
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVI, 288 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 220
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: It is a truism that philosophy and the sciences were closely linked in the age of Leibniz, Newton, and Kant; but a more precise determination of the structure and dynamics of this linkage is required. The subject matter of this volume is the interactions among the developments in philosophy and the transformations that the different branches of sciences, Baconian as well as classical, underwent during this period. Among the topics addressed are the transformations of metaphysics as a discipline, the emergence of analytical mechanics and its consequences for founding physics on metaphysics, the diverging avenues of 18th-century Newtonianism, the body-mind problem as dealt with by philosophers and physicians, and philosophical principles of classification in the life sciences. As an appendix, a critical edition and first translation into English of Newton's scholia from David Gregory's Estate on the Propositions IV through IX Book III of his Principia is added
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9729-6
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    Explanation : Theoretical Approaches and Applications (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401597319
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIII, 345 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 302
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Consciousness ; Social sciences Methodology ; Philosophy and science. ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy of mind ; Cognitive psychology. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Kurzfassung: The merits of this book are first and foremost the combination of theory and practice, then the unique presentation of a philosophical dialogue between prominent authors in the field: Peter Lipton and Wesley C. Salmon, who present in a conciliatory spirit opposing views of explanation. Finally the book features an interdisciplinary account of the application of explanation in philosophy, philosophy of science, psychology, perception, cognition, social sciences, political science, and aesthetics. There is currently a great interest in this kind of interdisciplinary collection of papers, not only among students and researchers of philosophy of science, but also among psychologists and social scientists. The interdisciplinary character of the book will attract readers from various fields of research. Practicing scientists and students who are interested in a particular field of study, will also find in this book insightful theoretical analyses of explanation. The aim of the book is to shed light on the very concept of explanation and to examine its application in diverse settings
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9731-9
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    Incommensurability and Related Matters (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401596800
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXXIV, 337 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 216
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 216
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Observations, Astronomical. ; Metaphysics ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Astronomy—Observations. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: Incommensurability and Related Matters draws together some of the most distinguished contributors to the critical literature on the problem of the incommensurability of scientific theories. It addresses all the various problems raised by the problem of incommensurability, such as meaning change, reference of theoretical terms, scientific realism and anti-realism, rationality of theory choice, cognitive aspects of conceptual change, as well as exploring the broader implications of incommensurability for cultural difference. While it offers new work, and new directions of discussion, on the topic of incommensurability, the book also recapitulates the history of the discussion of the topic that has taken place within the literature on incommensurability
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9680-0
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    Computers and Cognition: Why Minds are not Machines (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401009737
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (352p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Cognitive Systems 25
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy and science. ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Artificial intelligence
    Kurzfassung: An important collection of studies providing a fresh and original perspective on the nature of mind, including thoughtful and detailed arguments that explain why the prevailing paradigm - the computational conception of language and mentality - can no longer be sustained. An alternative approach is advanced, inspired by the work of Charles S. Peirce, according to which minds are sign-using (or `semiotic') systems, which in turn generates distinctions between different kinds of minds and overcomes problems that burden more familiar alternatives. Unlike conceptions of minds as machines, this novel approach has obvious evolutionary implications, where differences in semiotic abilities tend to distinguish the species. From this point of view, the scope and limits of computer and AI systems can be more adequately appraised and alternative accounts of consciousness and cognition can be more thoroughly criticised. Readership: Intermediate and advanced students of computer science, AI, cognitive science, and all students of the philosophy of the mind
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0973-7
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    Modern Freedom : Hegel’s Legal, Moral, and Political Philosophy (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401008563
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (704p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in German Idealism 1
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Political science Philosophy ; Political philosophy. ; Public international law. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ethics ; Law—Philosophy. ; International law. ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This book, the result of 40 years of Hegel research, gives an integral interpretation of G.W.F. Hegel's mature practical philosophy as contained in his textbook, Grundlinien der Philosophie des Rechts, published in 1820, and the courses he gave on the same subject between 1817 and 1830. The content of Hegel's book encompasses not only `right' or `law' in our sense of those words, but also morality, the family, economics (`civil society'), politics (`the state' and `international politics'), and world history. These matters are treated philosophically, that is, the treatise is dominated by an implicit logic, which has puzzled all scholars who have tried to reconstruct Hegel's arguments
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0856-3
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    Passions of the Earth in Human Existence, Creativity, and Literature (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401009300
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 327 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 71
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Comparative Literature ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Literature reveals that the hidden strings of the human `passional soul' are the creative source of the specifically human existence. Continuing the inquiry into the `elemental passions of the soul' and the Human Creative Soul pursued in several previous volumes of this series, the present volume focuses on the `passions of the earth', bringing to light some of the primogenital existential threads of the innermost bonds of the Human Condition and mother earth. In Tymieniecka's words, the studies purpose to unravel the essential bond between the living human being and the earth - a bond that lies at the heart of our existence. A heightened awareness of this bond should enlighten our situation and help us find our existential bearings
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0930-0
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    Analyses Concerning Passive and Active Synthesis : Lectures on Transcendental Logic (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401008464
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (LXVII, 661 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Husserliana: Edmund Husserl !! Collected Works 9
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Modern philosophy. ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Genetische Epistemologie ; Phänomenologie
    Kurzfassung: Coming from what is arguably the most productive period of Husserl's life, this volume offers the reader a first translation into English of Husserl's renowned lectures on `passive synthesis', given between 1920 and 1926. These lectures are the first extensive application of Husserl's newly developed genetic phenomenology to perceptual experience and to the way in which it is connected to judgments and cognition. They include an historical reflection on the crisis of contemporary thought and human spirit, provide an archaeology of experience by questioning back into sedimented layers of meaning, and sketch the genealogy of judgment in `active synthesis'. Drawing upon everyday events and personal experiences, the Analyses are marked by a patient attention to the subtle emergence of sense in our lives. By advancing a phenomenology of association that treats such phenomena as bodily kinaesthesis, temporal genesis, habit, affection, attention, motivation, and the unconscious, Husserl explores the cognitive dimensions of the body in its affectively significant surroundings. An elaboration of these diverse modes of evidence and their modalizations (transcendental aesthetic), allows Husserl to trace the origin of truth up to judicative achievements (transcendental logic). Joined by several of Husserl's essays on static and genetic method, the Analyses afford a richness of description unequalled by the majority of Husserl's works available to English readers. Students of phenomenology and of Husserl's thought will find this an indispensable work
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0846-4
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    Millenarianism and Messianism in Early Modern European Culture : Volume II Catholic Millenarianism: From Savonarola to the Abbé Grégoire (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401722803
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVII, 118 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 174
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 174
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: Over three hundred years ago, the paramount modern Catholic exegete, Cornelius a Lapide, S.J., wrote that the 25th of March, 2000, was the most likely date for the world to end. Catholic Millenarianism does not let the day pass without comment. Catholic Millenarianism offers an authoritative overview of Catholic apocalyptic thought combined with detailed presentations by specialists on nine major Catholic authors, such as Savonarola, Luis de León, and António Vieira. With its companion volumes, Catholic Millenarianism illustrates a hold apocalyptic concerns had on intellectual life, particularly between 1500 and 1900, rivaling and influencing rationalism and skepticism. Catholics do not ordinarily expect a messianic reign by earthly means. Catholic Millenarianism shows instead what is common to Catholic authors: their preoccupation with the relationship between linguistic prophecies and the events they foretell. This makes the perspectives offered as surprisingly diverse as their particular times, and the book itself interesting and worth repeated reading
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2280-3
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    Evolution and Progress in Democracies : Towards New Foundations of a Knowledge Society (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401715041
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IV, 394 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Theory and Decision Library, Series A: Philosophy and Methodology of the Social Sciences 31
    Serie: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 31
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Economics ; Economic theory. ; Philosophy and science. ; Social sciences ; Philosophy. ; Econometrics. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: In a ground-breaking series of articles, one of them written by a Nobel Laureate, this volume demonstrates the evolutionary dynamic and the transformation of today's democratic societies into scientific-democratic societies. It highlights the progress of modeling individual and societal evaluation by neo-Bayesian utility theory. It shows how social learning and collective opinion formation work, and how democracies cope with randomness caused by randomizers. Nonlinear `evolution equations' and serial stochastic matrices of evolutionary game theory allow us to optimally compute possible serial evolutionary solutions of societal conflicts. But in democracies progress can be defined as any positive, gradual, innovative and creative change of culturally used, transmitted and stored mentifacts (models, theories), sociofacts (customs, opinions), artifacts and technifacts, within and across generations. The most important changes are caused, besides randomness, by conflict solutions and their realizations by citizens who follow democratic laws. These laws correspond to the extended Pareto principle, a supreme, socioethical democratic rule. According to this principle, progress is any increase in the individual and collective welfare which is achieved during any evolutionary progress. Central to evolutionary modeling is the criterion of the empirical realization of computed solutions. Applied to serial conflict solutions (decisions), evolutionary trajectories are formed; they become the most influential causal attractors of the channeling of societal evolution. Democratic constitutions, legal systems etc., store all advantageous, present and past, adaptive, competitive, cooperative and collective solutions and their rules; they have been accepted by majority votes. Societal laws are codes of statutes (default or statistical rules), and they serve to optimally solve societal conflicts, in analogy to game theoretical models or to statistical decision theory. Such solutions become necessary when we face harmful or advantageous random events always lurking at the edge of societal and external chaos. The evolutionary theory of societal evolution in democracies presents a new type of stochastic theory; it is based on default rules and stresses realization. The rules represent the change of our democracies into information, science and technology-based societies; they will revolutionize social sciences, especially economics. Their methods have already found their way int ...
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1504-1
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    Millenarianism and Messianism in Early Modern European Culture : Volume I: Jewish Messianism in the Early Modern World (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401722780
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIX, 246 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées 173
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 173
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: This volume brings together ten essays by leading scholars about Jewish messianic ideas and movements in the early modern world. While much of the previous literature in this field has focused on the internal dynamics of Jewish thought, these essays stress the broader historical and philosophical context. The papers deal with such topics as messianic ideology in the wake of the Spanish Expulsion, messianism and Renaissance philosophy, the Sabbatean movement and its impact on Christian thought, messianism and conversion, the relationship of Christian kabbalists to Jewish messianic ideas, the Frankist movement, and Freemasonry. As a group, the essays here represent a challenge to Gershom Scholem's reading of Jewish messianism in this era, offering a rich tapestry of relationships between the religious imagination of Jews and that of their neighbors. Scholars and students of early modern history, eschatology and religion will find much food for thought here
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2278-0
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    Estonian Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401006729
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 306 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 219
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 219
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Regional planning ; Philosophy and science. ; Culture—Study and teaching. ; Philosophy of mind ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Ethnology. ; Culture.
    Kurzfassung: The present collection attempts to be an essential step in acquainting the international reader with the Estonian contribution to the philosophy and history of science, including the recent history and policy of science and philosophy in Estonia on its way back to the Western world after the break-up of the Soviet Union. The book comprises mainly new papers. The authors - philosophers and scientists - represent every generation from emeritus professors to young researchers who have already received their education according to international standards and acquired a contemporary way of analytic reasoning and technique of investigation. The primary audience for this volume is: students as well as professionals of philosophy, methodology and logic of science; history of science and science studies; philosophy of mind; medical ethics; history, philosophy and methodology of physics, mathematics, chemistry, geography, medicine, but also those interested in cultural history and recent developments in a small Baltic country
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0672-9
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    John Stuart Mill and the Ethic of Human Growth (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401720106
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 294 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophical Studies Series 85
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy. ; Political philosophy. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; History ; Political science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: In this well-researched, comprehensive study of J.S. Mill, Professor Habibi argues that the persistent, dominant theme of Mill's life and work was his passionate belief in human improvement and progress. Several Mill scholars recognize this; however, numerous writers overlook his 'growth ethic', and this has led to misunderstandings about his value system. This study defines and establishes the importance of Mill's growth ethic and clears up misinterpretations surrounding his notions of higher and lower pleasures, positive and negative freedom, the status of children, the legitimacy of authority, and support for British colonialism. Drawing from the entire corpus of Mill's writings, as well as the extensive secondary literature, Habibi has written the most focused, sustained analysis of Mill's grand, leading principle. This book will be useful to college students in philosophy and intellectual history as well as specialists in these fields
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2010-6
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    The Importance of Time : Proceedings of the Philosophy of Time Society, 1995-2000 (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401733625
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XV, 295 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophical Studies Series 87
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The Importance of Time is a unique work that reveals the central role of the philosophy of time in major areas of philosophy. The first part of the book consists of symposia on two of the most important works in the philosophy of time over the past decade: Michael Tooley's Time, Tense, and Causation and D.H. Mellor's Real Time II. What characterizes these essays, and those that follow, are the interchanges between original papers, with original responses to them by commentators. The wide range of interrelated topics covered in this book is one of its most distinctive features. The book is divided into six parts: I. Book Symposia, II. Temporal Becoming, III. The Phenomenology of Time, IV. God, Time and Foreknowledge, V. Time and Physical Objects, and VI. Time and Causation, and contains 24 essays by leading philosophers in the various areas: Laurie Paul, Quentin Smith, L. Nathan Oaklander, Hugh Mellor, John Perry, William Lane Craig, Brian Leftow, Ned Markosian, Ronald C. Hoy, Michael Tooley, Storrs McCall, David Hunt, Mark Hinchliff, Robin Le Poidevin, Iain Martel and Eric M. Rubenstein
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3362-5
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    Philosophy and Geometry : Theoretical and Historical Issues (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401096225
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (276p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 66
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy and science. ; Geometry ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Philosophers have studied geometry since ancient times. Geometrical knowledge has often played the role of a laboratory for the philosopher's conceptual experiments dedicated to the ideation of powerful theories of knowledge. Lorenzo Magnani's new book Philosophy and Geometry illustrates the rich intrigue of this fascinating story of human knowledge, providing a new analysis of the ideas of many scholars (including Plato, Proclus, Kant, and Poincaré), and discussing conventionalist and neopositivist perspectives and the problem of the origins of geometry. The book also ties together the concerns of philosophers of science and cognitive scientists, showing, for example, the connections between geometrical reasoning and cognition as well as the results of recent logical and computational models of geometrical reasoning. All the topics are dealt with using a novel combination of both historical and contemporary perspectives. Philosophy and Geometry is a valuable contribution to the renaissance of research in the field
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-9622-5
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    Ernst Mach’s Vienna 1895-1930 : Or Phenomenalism as Philosophy of Science (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401596909
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 350 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 218
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 218
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Physics. ; History ; Philosophy, Ancient. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Physics—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: This work gives insight into the philosophical influence Ernst Mach (1838-1916) has had on leading Viennese physicists and philosophers of his time by relating the ideas and works of these men to Mach's phenomenalism. The relation between Mach and the University of Vienna Philosophical Society is also examined. In the process little-known documents and correspondence from Mach are presented. Additionally, this extensive research helps clarify the conflict between Mach and most physicists over the reality of atoms and places the claim of Mach and his followers to represent science and philosophy of science against the claim of Planck and Einstein that phenomenalism and positivism were not even compatible with science. Audience: This is an ideal book for both graduate students and scholars in the field of history and philosophy of science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9690-9
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    John von Neumann and the Foundations of Quantum Physics (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401720120
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 373 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook [2000], Institut ‘Wiener Kreis’ Society for the Advancement of the Scientific World Conception 8
    Serie: Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook, Institute Vienna Circle, University of Vienna Vienna Circle Society, Society for the Advancement of Scientific World Conceptions 8
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Quantum theory ; Physics. ; Philosophy and science. ; History ; Elementary particles (Physics). ; Quantum field theory. ; Quantum physics. ; Mathematical physics. ; Physics—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: John von Neumann (1903-1957) was undoubtedly one of the scientific geniuses of the 20th century. The main fields to which he contributed include various disciplines of pure and applied mathematics, mathematical and theoretical physics, logic, theoretical computer science, and computer architecture. Von Neumann was also actively involved in politics and science management and he had a major impact on US government decisions during, and especially after, the Second World War. There exist several popular books on his personality and various collections focusing on his achievements in mathematics, computer science, and economy. Strangely enough, to date no detailed appraisal of his seminal contributions to the mathematical foundations of quantum physics has appeared. Von Neumann's theory of measurement and his critique of hidden variables became the touchstone of most debates in the foundations of quantum mechanics. Today, his name also figures most prominently in the mathematically rigorous branches of contemporary quantum mechanics of large systems and quantum field theory. And finally - as one of his last lectures, published in this volume for the first time, shows - he considered the relation of quantum logic and quantum mechanical probability as his most important problem for the second half of the twentieth century. The present volume embraces both historical and systematic analyses of his methodology of mathematical physics, and of the various aspects of his work in the foundations of quantum physics, such as theory of measurement, quantum logic, and quantum mechanical entropy. The volume is rounded off by previously unpublished letters and lectures documenting von Neumann's thinking about quantum theory after his 1932 Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics. The general part of the Yearbook contains papers emerging from the Institute's annual lecture series and reviews of important publications of philosophy of science and its history
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2012-0
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    Conceptual Challenges in Evolutionary Psychology : Innovative Research Strategies (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401006187
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXIX, 401 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Cognitive Systems 27
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Consciousness ; Evolutionary biology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Evolution (Biology) ; Anthropology ; Cognitive psychology. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This book offers a multi-disciplinary approach by scientists and philosophers that reveals the stamp of evolution on everyday life: how kinship unravels nurture, how family life affects the personalities we acquire, how our minds develop to negotiate social hierarchies, whether we decide to eat or not, what qualities we prefer in our sexual and marriage patterns, how we name and raise our children, how our thoughts and emotions are framed to make adaptive decisions, and methods for identifying evolved adaptations of the human life-cycle. It serves as an advanced text for students and scholars that critiques the dominating work of Buss, Cosmides and Tooby, Dennett, and Pinker. Taking the field beyond the narrow and contentious innatist-adaptionist view of the mind, it supplies a much sought-after interactional, `biopsycho-sociocultural' paradigm using a variety of evidence to converge on carefully reasoned conclusions
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0618-7
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    Issues in Contemporary Philosophy of Religion (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401005166
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (220p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Philosophy and Religion 23
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy ; Religion. ; Religion—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This collection of original articles, written by leading contemporary European and American philosophers of religion, is presented in celebration of the publication of the fiftieth volume of the International Journal for Philosophy of Religion. Following the Editor's Introduction, John Macquarrie, Adriaan Peperzak, and Hent de Vries take up central themes in continental philosophy of religion. Macquarrie analyzes postmodernism and its influence in philosophy and theology. Peperzak argues for a form of universality different from that of modern philosophy, and de Vries analyzes an intrinsic and structural relationship between religion and the media. The next three essays discuss issues in analytic philosophy of religion. Philip Quinn argues that religious diversity reduces the epistemic status of exclusivism and makes it possible for a religious person to be justified while living within a pluralistic environment. William Wainwright plumbs the work of Jonathan Edwards in order to better understand debates concerning freedom, determinism, and the problem of evil, and William Hasker asks whether theological incompatibilism is less inimical to traditional theism than some have supposed. Representing the Thomist tradition, Fergus Kerr challenges standard readings of Aquinas on the arguments for the existence of God. David Griffin analyzes the contributions of process philosophy to the problem of evil and the relation between science and religion. Illustrating comparative approaches, Keith Ward argues that the Semitic and Indian traditions have developed a similar concept of God that should be revised in view of post-Enlightenment theories of the individual and the historical. Keith Yandell explores themes in the Indian metaphysical tradition and considers what account of persons is most in accord with reincarnation and karma doctrines. Feminist philosophy of religion is represented in Pamela Anderson's article, in which she argues for a gender-sensitive and more inclusive approach to the craving for infinitude
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0516-6
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    Life Interpretation and the Sense of Illness within the Human Condition : Medicine and Philosophy in a Dialogue (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401007801
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXI, 281 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 72
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; History ; medicine Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Ethics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy. ; Medicine—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Medical sciences.
    Kurzfassung: In medicine the understanding and interpretation of the complex reality of illness currently refers either to an organismic approach that focuses on the physical or to a 'holistic' approach that takes into account the patient's human sociocultural involvement. Yet as the papers of this collection show, the suffering human person refers ultimately to his/her existential sphere. Hence, praxis is supplemented by still other perspectives for valuation and interpretation: ethical, spiritual, and religious. Can medicine ignore these considerations or push them to the side as being subjective and arbitrary? Phenomenology/philosophy-of-life recognizes all of the above approaches to be essential facets of the Human Condition (Tymieniecka). This approach holds that all the facets of the Human Condition have equal objectivity and legitimacy. It completes the accepted medical outlook and points the way toward a new `medical humanism'
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0780-1
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  • 84
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    Holism in Philosophy of Mind and Philosophy of Physics (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401717878
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 370 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 298
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy of mind ; Pragmatism ; Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The topic of this book is a comparison between holism in the philosophy and language and social holism on the one hand and holism about space-time and quantum systems on the other hand. The main claim is that holism in the humanities and holism in fundamental physics come under the same substantial, general conception of holism. That is to say: arguments to the effect that the holism of the mental is unscientific or that the mental is separated from the physical owing to holism are not sound. The holism of the mental fits into a world-view that bases itself on scientific realism. The addressees of this book are all those who care about our view of the world and ourselves in the spirit of an argumentative examination of different positions. No familiarity with physics is presupposed
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1787-8
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  • 85
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    Reference, Truth and Conceptual Schemes : A Defense of Internal Realism (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401728683
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 163 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 296
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy of mind ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: This systematic development of the internal realist approach, first developed by Hilary Putnam, tries to steer a middle course between metaphysical realism and relativism. It argues against metaphysical realism that it is open to global skepticism and cannot cope with conceptual pluralism. Against realism it is claimed that there are mind-independent constraints on the validity of our claims to knowledge. The book provides a moderately verificationist account of semantics and a novel explanation of the idea of conceptual schemes. It is also argued that the approach developed can accommodate our commonsense realist intuitions and is also compatible with physicalism and naturalism. Readership: Philosophers at graduate student and advanced level. Advanced undergraduate courses could be based on certain parts of the book
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2868-3
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  • 86
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    Schopenhauer’s Broken World-View : Colours and Ethics between Kant and Goethe (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401593694
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 291 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Science and Philosophy 10
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy and science. ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: Schopenhauer's philosophy, at first sight so beautifully rounded, upon analysis reveals itself as the secret arena of two conflicting world-views. The present analysis considers the conflict by confronting Schopenhauer as a `disciple-of-sorts of Kant' with Schopenhauer as `Goethe's one-time collaborator on the theory of colour'. Here the two meet over profound issues which the Scientific Revolution of the 17th century has ineluctably put before us: what is the right level at which to apprehend nature; what is the proper foundation for a consistent ethics; how (if at all) to arrive at a unified conception of a world broken by modern science? In this deeply-delving, lucidly written, humane and erudite study, the history of philosophical currents is blended with history of science, with history of ideas generally, and (to elucidate relevant portions of Schopenhauer's biography and intellectual and social environment) with German history too. The analysis, while benefiting from the scholarly literature, is grounded primarily in original research among the collected works of Schopenhauer, Kant and Goethe, considered in all their philosophical, scientific, and literary variety
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9369-4
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  • 87
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    From Instrumentalism to Constructive Realism : On Some Relations between Confirmation, Empirical Progress, and Truth Approximation (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401716185
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 372 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 287
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy, modern ; Logic ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: Surprisingly, modified versions of the confirmation theory (Carnap and Hempel) and truth approximation theory (Popper) turn out to be smoothly sythesizable. The glue between the two appears to be the instrumentalist methodology, rather than that of the falsificationalist. The instrumentalist methodology, used in the separate, comparative evaluation of theories in terms of their successes and problems (hence, even if already falsified), provides in theory and practice the straight road to short-term empirical progress in science ( à la Laudan). It is also argued that such progress is also functional for all kinds of truth approximation: observational, referential, and theoretical. This sheds new light on the long-term dynamics of science and hence on the relation between the main epistemological positions, viz., instrumentalism (Toulmin, Laudan), constructive empiricism (Van Fraassen), referential realism (Hacking, Cartwright), and theory realism of a non-essentialist nature (constructive realism à la Popper). Readership: Open minded philosophers and scientists. The book explains and justifies the scientist's intuition that the debate among philosophers about instrumentalism and realism has almost no practical consequences
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1618-5
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  • 88
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    Number to Sound : The Musical Way to the Scientific Revolution (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401595780
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIII, 323 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 64
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Music
    Kurzfassung: This volume deals with the origin of the modern conception of the object as well as the subject of music - of musical sound as well as man as the recipient of music. This is what music offered to the Scientific Revolution of the 16th and 17th centuries. The story is developed in 12 essays written by influential musicologists and historians of science. Starting from the magic of numbers of Pythagorean and neo-Platonic doctrines, the essays lead the reader to `sound' and `affections' in modern terms. The conceptual framework that grasps the intellectual shift from number to sound is new, it relates to the ontological change of the object of music to the psychological change of man as the subject (viz., the recipient and beneficiary) of music
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9578-0
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  • 89
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    The Growth of Mathematical Knowledge (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401595582
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XLI, 428 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 289
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy and science. ; Logic ; History ; Mathematics. ; Mathematical logic. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This book draws its inspiration from Hilbert, Wittgenstein, Cavaillès and Lakatos and is designed to reconfigure contemporary philosophy of mathematics by making the growth of knowledge rather than its foundations central to the study of mathematical rationality, and by analyzing the notion of growth in historical as well as logical terms. Not a mere compendium of opinions, it is organised in dialogical forms, with each philosophical thesis answered by one or more historical case studies designed to support, complicate or question it. The first part of the book examines the role of scientific theory and empirical fact in the growth of mathematical knowledge. The second examines the role of abstraction, analysis and axiomatization. The third raises the question of whether the growth of mathematical knowledge constitutes progress, and how progress may be understood. Readership: Students and scholars concerned with the history and philosophy of mathematics and the formal sciences
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9558-2
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  • 90
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    The Tensed Theory of Time : A Critical Examination (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401593458
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 294 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 293
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The central question in the philosophy of time is whether time is tensed or tenseless, viz., whether the moments of time are objectively past, present or future, or whether they are ordered merely by the tenseless temporal relations earlier than, simultaneous with, and later than. In this book and the companion volume The Tenseless Theory of Time: A Critical Examination, Craig undertakes the first thorough appraisal of the arguments for and against the tensed and tenseless theories of time. The discussions range widely over issues in the philosophy of language, phenomenology, relativity theory, philosophy of space and time, metaphysics, and philosophy of religion. The Tensed Theory of Time sets out to discover whether the ineliminability of tense from language and our experience of tense warrants a belief in its objective ontological status, or whether the defeaters raised by McTaggart's paradox and the Myth of Passage serve to undermine any warrant that the tensed theory of time may be supposed to enjoy
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9345-8
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  • 91
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    Between form and Event : Machiavelli’s Theory of Political Freedom (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401593373
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (360 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Topoi Library 2
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Political philosophy. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy. ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Before Machiavelli, political freedom was approached as a problem of the best distribution of the functions of ruler and ruled. Machiavelli changed the terms of freedom, requiring that its discourse address the demand for no-rule or non-domination. Political freedom would then develop only through a strategy of antagonism to every form of legitimate domination. This leads to the emergence of modern political life: any institution that wishes to rule legitimately must simultaneously be inscribed with its immanent critique and imminent subversion. For Machiavelli, the possibility of instituting the political form is conditioned by the possibility of changing it in an event of political revolution. This book shows Machiavelli as a philosopher of the modern condition. For him, politics exists in the absence of those absolute moral standards that are called upon to legitimate the domination of man over man. If this understanding lies open to relativism and historicism, it does so in order to render effective the project of reinventing the sense of human freedom. Machiavelli's legacy to modernity is the recognition of an irreconcilable tension between the demands of freedom and the imperatives of morality
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9337-3
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  • 92
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    Phenomenology on Kant, German Idealism, Hermeneutics and Logic : Philosphical Essays in Honor of Thomas M. Seebohm (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401594462
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VI, 355 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 39
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Logic ; Phenomenology ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: This volume comprises systematic as well as historical essays, including contributions intended to give comprehensive overviews of such areas as genetic phenomenology, transcendental phenomenology, philosophy and history of logic and mathematics, Kant, hermeneutics, Hegel, and philosophy of language. The book is addressed to phenomenologists, particularly those who are interested in some or all of the areas mentioned. In his introduction Joseph J. Kockelmans indicates that these diverse areas enter into dialogue in the work of Thomas M. Seebohm, whom the editors and authors wish to honor, and the systematic papers mirror the state of the art of research in the above-mentioned disciplines
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9446-2
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  • 93
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    Rationality, Rules, and Structure (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401596169
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 216 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Theory and Decision Library, Series A: Philosophy and Methodology of the Social Sciences 28
    Serie: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 28
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Kurzfassung: It is an obvious fact that human agency is constrained and structured by many kinds of rules: rules that are constitutive for communication, morality, persons, and society, and juridical rules. So the question is: what roles are played by social rules and the structural traits of human agency in rational decision making? What bearing does this have on the theory of practical rationality? These issues can only be discussed within an interdisciplinary setting, with researchers drawn from philosophy, decision theory and the economic and social sciences. The problem is of profound, fundamental concern to the social scientist and has attracted a great deal of intellectual effort. Contributors include distinguished researchers in their respective fields and the book thus presents state-of-the-art theory. It can also be used as a textbook in advanced philosophy, economics and social science classes
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9616-9
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  • 94
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    Basic Questions on Truth (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401140348
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 230 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Episteme, A Series in the Foundational, Methodological, Philosophical, Psychological, Sociological, and Political Aspects of the Sciences, Pure and Applied 24
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Logic ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: There are basic questions concerning truth that have been perennial throughout the history of philosophy from the Ancient Greeks onwards: Is `true' a superfluous particle? Is `true' a predicate? What is the relation of truth to the validity of inference rules? Are definitions true or false? What are the bearers of truth - sentences, judgements, or propositions? Can truth be interpreted by correspondence to facts, despite difficulties with the Liar and with a definition of `fact' ? Can we have a consistent and adequate understanding of approximate truth (verisimilitude)? And the metaphysical question: does truth have some relation to being? All these questions are treated in a rigorous argumentation style: (1) Question, (2) objections to a positive answer, (3) answer and thesis, (4) comments and reply to the objections. This transparent, systematic style facilitates our understanding, touches on a variety of aspects of the question, and teaches us to think
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-4034-8
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  • 95
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    The Apologetic Value of Human Holiness : Von Balthasar’s Christocentric Philosophical Anthropology (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401008723
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIII, 232 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Philosophy and Religion 21
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; Epistemology. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: The Apologetic Value of Human Holiness begins by providing the first comprehensive account of the model of human holiness developed by the leading theologian Hans Urs von Balthasar. In so doing, the book also provides the first detailed explication of his Christocentric philosophical anthropology. Part 2 argues that von Balthasar anticipates some key developments in late twentieth-century Anglo-American analytical philosophy, and that certain of these developments - in particular, the `internal realism' of Hilary Putnam - provide powerful support for von Balthasar's theological philosophy. The final part elucidates von Balthasar's core intuition that human holiness is of immense apologetic value for religious faith, and concludes with a new, `internalist' theory of religious pluralism. The Apologetic Value of Human Holiness will be seen as an important and original contribution to both Philosophy of Religion and Theology, and is likely to prove essential reading in upper-level undergraduate and postgraduate courses in both subjects
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0872-3
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  • 96
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    The Tenseless Theory of Time : A Critical Examination (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401734738
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 262 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 294
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The central question in the philosophy of time is whether time is tensed or tenseless, viz., whether the moments of time are objectively past, present or future, or whether they are ordered merely by the tenseless temporal relations earlier than, simultaneous with, and later than. In this book and the companion volume The Tensed Theory of Time: A Critical Examination, Craig undertakes the first thorough appraisal of the arguments for and against the tensed and tenseless theories of time. The discussions range widely over issues in the philosophy of language, phenomenology, relativity theory, philosophy of space and time, metaphysics, and philosophy of religion. The Tenseless Theory of Time sets out to discover whether the ineliminability of tense from language and our experience of tense warrants a belief in its objective ontological status, or whether the defeaters raised by McTaggart's paradox and the Myth of Passage serve to undermine any warrant that the tensed theory of time may be supposed to enjoy
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3473-8
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  • 97
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    Maimonides and the Sciences (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401721288
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XV, 256 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 211
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 211
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; History ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: In this book, 11 leading scholars contribute to the understanding of the scientific and philosophical works of Moses Maimonides (1135-1204), the most luminous Jewish intellectual since Talmudic times. Deeply learned in mathematics, astronomy, astrology (which he strongly rejected), logic, philosophy, psychology, linguistics, and jurisprudence, and himself a practising physician, Maimonides flourished within the high Arabic culture of the 12th century, where he had momentous influence upon subsequent Jewish beliefs and behavior, upon ethical demands, and upon ritual traditions. For him, mastery of the sciences was indispensable in the process of religious fulfilment
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2128-8
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  • 98
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    Time for Science Education : How Teaching the History and Philosophy of Pendulum Motion can Contribute to Science Literacy (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401139946
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (452p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Innovations in Science Education and Technology 8
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Education Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Philosophy and science. ; History ; Mathematical physics. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Education—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The book demonstrates the importance of history and philosophy of science for science education. It provides a case study of the pendulum, showing the pivotal role played by the pendulum in the Scientific Revolution. It describes how the pendulum enabled the creation of accurate clocks that, among other things, enabled the long-standing problem of longitude to be solved. The book charts how the solution of the longitude problem was of enormous social, economic and cultural significance for European and consequently world history. Further, the book shows how the discovery of the laws of pendulum motion by Galileo, Huygens and Newton hinged on the acceptance of a new methodology for science. The pendulum laws are a window through which to view the fascinating mixture of experiment, mathematics and philosophy that characterized the foundations of modern science - the Galilean-Newtonian paradigm - and distinguished it from Aristotelian, medieval and commonsense science. The book covers: learning about the nature of science; navigation and the longitude problem; ancient and medieval timekeeping; Galileo's analysis of pendulum motion; Huygens, Hooke, Newton and the pendulum; clocks and culture; science and philosophy; the mechanical world view; teaching about time and pendulum motion; and teacher education and culture. The book defends a liberal, or contextual, approach to the teaching of science. It shows how understanding the scientific, philosophical and cultural contexts and ramifications of the pendulum laws can allow teachers to plan more engaging lessons, and conduct informative historical- investigative experiments. Students can re-live history. Contextual understanding of the pendulum allows connections to be made with other parts of the science curriculum, and with other subject areas such as geography, literature, religion, music and mathematics. Readers will come away with a deeper understanding of the nature of science and its role in history
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3994-6
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    BSZ
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 99
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Witches, Scientists, Philosophers: Essays and Lectures (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401595049
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 206 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 65
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: Robert E. Butts (1928-1997) was a philosopher and historian of science whose central concerns were the distinction between the rational and the irrational. He viewed scientific rationality as our major defence against the various conditions that encourage witch hunts and similar outbursts of irrationality, with all their attendant pain and terror. Butts saw himself as a pragmatic realist, combining what he took to be the best aspects of logical empiricism with a historically informed pragmatism, deeply appreciative of the methods of science, trying to describe a kind of rationality essential in the struggle to preserve human values. This volume gathers previously unpublished essays and lectures with some previously published, thematically related essays. It includes essays and lectures on philosophical aspects of the European witch hunt, on scientific rationality and methodology, and on the relationships between science and philosophy exhibited in the writings of such historically significant figures as Leibniz, D'Alembert, Hume, Kant, Carnap and Kuhn
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9504-9
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 100
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Judging Appearances : A Phenomenological Study of the Kantian sensus communis (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401139311
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (176p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 156
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Aesthetics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: Kant's Critique of Judgment accounts for the sharing of a common world, experienced affectively, by a diverse human plurality. In order to appreciate Kant's project, Judging Appearances retrieves the connection between appearance and judgment in the Critique of Judgment. Kleist emphasizes the important but neglected idea of a sensus communis, which provides the indeterminate criterion for judgments regarding appearance. Judging Appearances examines the themes of appearance and judgment against the background of Kant's debt to Leibniz and Shaftesbury. Drawing upon treatments by Husserl, Sartre, Ricoeur and Arendt, Kleist delineates the proto-phenomenological method through which Kant uncovers the idea of a sensus communis. Kleist shows that taste is a discipline of opening oneself to appearance, requiring a subject who dwells in a common world of appearances among a diverse human plurality. This volume will prove valuable for anyone interested in a fresh approach to themes at the heart of Kant's aesthetics
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3931-1
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online-Ressource
    BSZ
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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