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  • 2000-2004  (108)
  • Dordrecht : Springer  (108)
  • London : Bloomsbury Academic
  • Humanities  (75)
  • Metaphysics
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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400710177
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 374 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 82
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    Schlagwort(e): Linguistics ; Aesthetics ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Comparative Literature ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Through mystery, literature reveals to us the Great Unknown. While we are absorbed by the matters at hand with the present enactment of our life, groping for clues to handle them, it is through literature that we discover the hidden strings underlying their networks. Hence our fascination with literature. But there is more. The creative act of the human being, its proper focus, holds the key to the Sezam of life: to the great metaphysical/ontopoietic questions which literature may disclose. First, it leads us to the sublimal grounds of transformation in the human soul, source of the specifically human significance of life (Analecta Husserliana, Volume III, XIX, XXIII, XXVII) Second, it leads us to the unveiling of the hidden workings of life in the twilight of knowing in a dialectic between The Visible and the Invisible, (Volume LXXV, 2002, Analecta Husserliana) down to the ontopoietic truth. (Volume LXXVI, 2002, Analecta Husserliana) This prying into the unknown which provokes the human being as he or she attempts to conquer, step by step, a space of existence, finds its culmination in the phenomenon of mystery as the subject of the present collection. Its formulation brings us to the greatest question of all: the enigmatic solidarity -in-distinctiveness of human cognition and existence. Papers are written by: Tony E. Afejuku, Gary Backhaus, Paul G. Beidler, Matthew J. Duffy, Raffaela Giovagnoli, Jennifer Anna Gosetti-Ferencei, Matti Itkonen, Lawrence Kimmel, Catherine Malloy, Vladimir L. Marchenkov, Nancy Mardas, Howard Pearce, Bernadette Prochaska, Victor Gerald Rivas, M.J. Sahlani, Dennis Skocz, Jadwiga S. Smith, Mara Stafecka, Max Statkiewicz, Mariola Sulkowska, Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka, Leon U. Weinman, Tim Weiss
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9781402024559
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 287 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 239
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 239
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Physics. ; History ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This book collects contributions by some of the leading scholars working on seventeenth-century mechanics and the mechanical philosophy. Together, the articles provide a broad and accurate picture of the fortune of Galileo's theory of motion in Europe and of the various physical, mathematical, and ontological arguments that were used in favour and against it. Were Galileo's contemporaries really aware of what Westfall has described as "the incompatibility between the demands of mathematical mechanics and the needs of mechanical philosophy"? To what extent did Galileo's silence concerning the cause of free fall impede the acceptance of his theory of motion? Which methods were used, before the invention of the infinitesimal calculus, to check the validity of Galileo's laws of free fall and of parabolic motion? And what sort of experiments were invoked in favour or against these laws? These and related questions are addressed in this volume
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9781402026430
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVI, 428 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 81
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Aesthetics ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: How do we perdure when we and everything around us are caught up in incessant change? But the course of this change does not seem to be haphazard and we may seek the modalities of its Logos in the transformations in which it occurs. The classic term "Metamorphosis" focuses upon the proportions between the transformed and the retained, the principles of sameness and otherness. Applied to life and its becoming, metamorphosis pinpoints the proportions between the vital and the aesthetic significance of life. Where could this metaphysical in-between territory come better to light than in the Fine Arts? In this collection are investigated the various proportions between the vital significance of the constructivism of life and a specifically human contribution made by the creative imagination to the transformatory search for beauty and aesthetic values. Papers by: Lawrence Kimmel, Mark L. Brack, Sheryl Tucker de Vazquez, William Roberts, Jadwiga Smith, Victor Gerald Rivas, Max Statkiewicz, Matti Itkonen, George R. Tibbetts, Linda Stratford, Jorella Andrews, Ingeborg M. Rocker, Stephen J. Goldberg, Leah Durner, Donnalee Dox, Catherine Schear, Samantha Henriette Krukowski, Gary Maciag, Kelly Dennis, Wanda Strukus, Magda Romanska, Patricia Trutty-Coohill, Ellen Burns, Tessa Morrison, Sabine Coelsch-Foisner, Gary Backhaus, Daniel M. Unger, Howard Pearce
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  • 4
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401000475
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (LXIV, 887 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 79
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology
    Kurzfassung: "Does the World exist?" There would be no reason to resurrect this question of modernity from its historical oblivion were it not for the fact that recent evolution in science and technology, impregnating culture, makes us wonder about the nature of reality, of the world we are living in, and of our status as living beings within it. Thus great metaphysical subjacent queries are forcefully revived, calling for new investigations to proceed in the light of the innumerable novel insights of science. This collection presents a wealth of material toward an elaboration of a new metaphysical groundwork of the ontopoiesis/ phenomenology of life sought to effect such investigations. The classic postulates of the metaphysics of reality, those of necessity and certainty here find a new formulation. Away from sclerotized ontological and cognitive assumptions and congenial with the views of contemporary science, the understanding of reality, of our world of life, and of ourselves within it is to be sought in the existential/ontopoietic ciphering of life (Tymieniecka)
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: From the Contens:Acknowledgments.- I: Framing the Ontopoietic Vision of the World and Existence.-II: Toward Lifting of the Classical Controversy Idealism/Realism -- III: Transcendentalism Revisited -- IV: Ciphering the Plurisignificant Sharing of Existence -- V: The Creating Ciphering of Reality by Art --  VI: The Worlds of Human Inward-Outward Existential Radiation of Reality -- VII: The Cultural Ciphers of the World.- VIII: The New Ciphering of the Constant Coordinates of the World and Existence -- IX: Some Contributions to the Scientific Interpretation of the Origins of Life -- Index Of Names.
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  • 5
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401701211
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXXV, 288 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophical Studies Series 93
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy of mind ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: When we do things for reasons, our behaviour seems to be caused by mental states such as beliefs and desires. But how can that be true? Is our body not already moved by 'physical' causes such as nerve impulses and muscle contractions? What difference is made by what is on our minds? It is unsettling that in contemporary analytic philosophy of mind we find widespread doubts about mental causation. For it is at the root of our existence as perceiving, thinking and acting subjects. Dependencies, Connections, and Other Relations. A Theory of Mental Causation covers, in its subsequent parts, ontology, the metaphysics of causation, and the philosophy of mind. It provides a firm theoretical basis for believing that in our all-physical world mental causation is perfectly real, and that it can be understood
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  • 6
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    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401701754
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XII, 292 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science 68
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 68
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy and science. ; History ; Philosophy—History. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Ernst Mach (1838-1916) was a seminal philosopher-scientist and a deserving member of the canon of major twentieth-century thinkers. Yet, despite a healthy resurgence in Mach studies, he is still widely thought to represent a simplistic positivist, even sensationalist, position that does not at all reflect the depth of Mach's interests and subtlety as a philosopher. By exploring Mach's views on science as well as philosophy, this book attempts to wrest him free from his customary association with logical positivism and to reinterpret him on his own terms as a natural philosopher and naturalist about human knowledge. Mach's development and his influences from 19th century German philosophy and science are probed in great conceptual and historical detail, and attention is paid to his unpublished Nachlaß as well as to the affinities between Mach's thought and that of other major philosopher-scientists such as Einstein, Bertrand Russell, William James, Helmholtz, Riemann, Herbart and Kant. In particular, the book strives to set forth the true nature of Mach's sensation-elements, the motivations for his critique of the concepts of space and time in physics, and the real meaning of his famous critique of metaphysics. The author's work has appeared in Synthese, Kant-Studien, Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics and the Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, but here these inquiries are gathered into a unified historico-critical treatment that follows Mach's conceptual development and the culmination of his work in a unique and intriguing natural philosophy. Physicists, psychologists, philosophers of science, historians of twentieth-century thought and culture, and educators will find this volume a valuable help in interpreting Mach's ideas in a context that includes philosophy and science and the bridge between them
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  • 7
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401703192
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XX, 339 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Early Modern Religious Reforms 2
    Serie: Studies in Early Modern Religious Tradition, Culture and Society 2
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy. ; History ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: This collection of seventeen essays addresses the substance of Richard Hooker's achievement as a theologian and philosopher in the context of principal themes of English Reformation thought. Hooker has been variously described as a Protestant scholastic, Renaissance Aristotelian, Erasmian humanist, Thomist, moderate Calvinist, and founder of a distinctive new theological method. The main thrust of these essays is to weigh such protean claims against careful readings of his oeuvre. Five principal loci of Reformation discourse are addressed: 1) the relation between the "orders" of Grace and Nature; 2) the doctrines of Providence and Predestination; 3) the Church and the liturgy; 4) sacramental theology; and 5) the polemical cut-and-thrust of the late-Elizabethan context. Scholars, seminarians, and students alike will find that this volume offers a fresh, critical illumination of Hooker's distinctive contribution to sixteenth-century religious reform
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  • 8
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401702294
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XLIV, 251 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Islamic Philosophy and Occidental Phenomenology in Dialogue 1
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, Asian. ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: The Passions of the Soul in the Metamorphosis of Becoming is relevant to Islamicists, phenomenologists, comparatists, metaphysicians, philosophers of religion, and historians of ideas. Although in the past decades numerous inquiries in phenomenology have offered us some intriguing interpretations of the history of philosophy, no research has been thoroughly conducted on the correspondences between Islamic Philosophy and Occidental Phenomenology. This book is the first volume of our new unique and pioneering book series: Islamic Philosophy and Occidental Phenomenology in Dialogue. The main aim of this new book series is to engage in a philosophical exploration, bringing back to the philosophical arena key philosophical issues presently forgotten; issues that underlie both of these intellectual projects revived and critically enriched with contemporary insights, will return to their proper significance for future philosophy. An exchange of insights and intuitions between these traditions should advance and fructify them both and so enhance the cultural development of humankind
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  • 9
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401702058
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 139 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Law and Philosophy Library 67
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Political science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Law—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: What is an action, and what is an omission? Are actions natural phenomena, or rather a product of our vision of the world? What is the difference between an action and a mere bodily movement? Can actions be counted? What is the role of intention for the identification of actions? Can we make mistakes in identifying our own actions? Under what conditions is it possible to impute a non-intentional action to someone? This book suggests answers, or at least presents conceptual tools for finding answers, to these and other, related questions. The author displays a sovereign command and profound understanding of the complex theoretical issues involved and offers an original approach to the analysis of action. The book is written in a very accessible style and is of interest to lawyers, legal scientists and philosophers. It will be of specific interest to specialists of action theory and non-specialists who wish to learn more about some of the principal philosophical and legal conceptions of action and the analysis of their structures
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  • 10
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401703611
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 270 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 6
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion. ; Mathematics.
    Kurzfassung: Until recently, the contribution of the Society of Jesus to the Scientific Revolution remained sketchy at best, as the perception of the Jesuits as plodding pedagogues and obscurantists sanctioned the disregard of their activities. The present volume makes an important contribution toward a more nuanced appreciation of the Jesuits' interaction with "modernity", and a far greater recognition of their contribution to the two poles of modern science: the mathematization of natural philosophy and experimental science. The six essays provide a cross-section of the complex Jesuit encounter with the mathematical sciences during the seventeenth century, as well as a factor in the quandary faced by practitioners in their pursuit of science and in their ability to make their research public
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  • 11
    ISBN: 9789401703918
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (364 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 186
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 186
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy. ; Ontology ; History ; Political science. ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: The study of natural law theories is presently one of the most fruitful areas of research in the studies of early modern intellectual history, and moral and political theory. Likewise the historical significance of the Enlightenment for the development of `modernisation' in many different forms continues to be the subject of controversy. This collection therefore offers a timely opportunity to re-examine both the coherence of the concept of an `early Enlightenment', and the specific contribution of natural law theories to its formation. The works of major thinkers such as Grotius, Hobbes, Locke, Malebranche, Pufendorf and Thomasius are reassessed, and the appeal and importance of the discourse of natural jurisprudence both to those working inside conventional educational and political structures and to those outside - such as in the Huguenot diaspora - is evaluated. This volume will therefore be of importance to all those readers concerned to study the character of the debates in the period 1650-1750 surrounding moral and political agency, sovereignty and obligation, and the legitimation of religious toleration in the divergent states and patriotic contexts of Europe
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  • 12
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401702096
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 312 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophical Studies Series 97
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Biology Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy of nature ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: According to Ariel Meirav, the root of some of our most noteworthy difficulties in the metaphysics of concrete entities has been the traditional tendency to focus on the horizontal dimension of wholes (i.e. relations between the parts of a whole), and to neglect the vertical dimension (i.e. relations between the whole itself and its parts). In Wholes, Sums and Unities, Meirav formulates a critique of widely accepted mereological assumptions, presents a new conception of wholes as `Unities', and demonstrates the advantages of this new conception in treating a variety of metaphysical puzzles (such as that of Tibbles the cat). More generally he suggests that conceiving wholes as Unities offers us a new way of understanding the world in non-reductive terms
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  • 13
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401735308
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 241 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 14
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Ethics seeks answers to questions about the moral status of human actions and human lives. Actions and lives are temporal things. Thus, one would think that answers to ethical questions should take some account of their temporal features. And yet, while a number of authors have drawn attention to the relation between time and ethics (Derek Parfit and Thomas Nagel in particular), there has never been a systematic study of the impact of temporal considerations on ethical issues. There is a pressing need for an investigation into how time and ethics impact on each other. This book leads the way in addressing that need. The essays in this collection raise and investigate some of the key issues that arise at the intersection between these two areas of philosophy. Anyone with an interest in ethics, (undergraduates, postgraduates and professional philosophers alike), will have a reason to read this book, as will anyone with an interest in the metaphysics of time, and how it connects with issues in other areas of philosophy
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9789401701853
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 243 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Atmospheric sciences. ; Cultural heritage. ; Fine arts. ; Environmental management ; Biotechnology ; Environmental engineering. ; Bioremediation. ; Atmospheric science. ; Cultural property. ; Arts.
    Kurzfassung: This book is the first to give a general overview of the application of aerobiology (the science that studies the biological components of the atmosphere) to the conservation of our cultural heritage. Aerobiological monitoring makes it possible to estimate the risks of degradation of artefacts of historical or artistic importance by airborne microorganisms (airborne spores and vegetative structures) according to the types of materials forming the artefacts, to the conditions of the microclimate and to the type of environmental pollution, thus enabling the planning of preventive or reparative intervention
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  • 15
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401729468
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXXII, 416 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 231
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 231
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Humanities ; Epistemology. ; History ; Political science. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: In Science and Culture, Joseph Agassi addresses scientism and relativism, two false philosophies that divorce science from culture in general and from tradition in particular. According to Agassi, science is an integral part of culture, and both scientism and relativism ignore the cultural value of science. This work helps break the isolation of science from the rest of culture by promoting popular science and reasonable history of science. Agassi provides examples of the value of science to culture at large, discussions of items of the general culture and their interactions with science, and practical strategies and tools. He offers a wide variety of case studies to exemplify these. In this book Agassi puts significant topics such as autonomy, tolerance, reason, philosophy and responsibility on the agenda of democratic philosophy today
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  • 16
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401701310
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXVIII, 495 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 184
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 184
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: The theme of scepticism has been central in the study of the history of ideas in modern times since Richard Popkin's and Charles Schmitt's works. After them, the assumption connected with the philosophical notion of scepticism was broadened so as to define the critical use of reason and doubt concerning the truth of religion, the function of politics, the aims of science, thus becoming a central intellectual issue in the making of modernity. In this collection of articles (in fact the proceedings of an international conference held in Vercelli) special care is dedicated to placing the theme of scepticism within its philosophical tradition. Moreover, in comparison with other historical studies, the English philosophical thinkers appear here in the foreground, with a number of contributions on Hobbes, Locke, Cambridge Platonists and the Latitude-Men. The French Context also, ranging from Descartes to Malebranche, from Arnauld and Port-Royal to Huet, Bayle and his followers, is explored in depth. Some articles deal with Italian major figures (Vico and Galilei above all) and Spanish culture. Special care is dedicated to the relationships between history of philosophical ideas and the problems rising from the history of sciences (medicine, physics, linguistics, historical scholarship) in the 17th and the 18th centuries. Level of readership or target groups: University Courses, University Libraries, Specialized scholars
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  • 17
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401702171
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXVI, 278 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées 185
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 185
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; History ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History. ; Philosophy, Modern.
    Kurzfassung: Henry More (1614-1687), the Cambridge Platonist, is often presented as an elusive and contradictory figure. An early apologist for the new natural philosophy and its rational support for Christian doctrine, More also defended the existence of witchcraft and wrote extensively on the nature of the soul and the world of spirits. A vigorous and prolific controversialist against many varieties of contemporary `atheism' and `enthusiasm', More was himself a spiritual perfectionist and illuminist, believing that the goal of the religious life was a conscious union with God. Until now, most biographies of More have ignored these, his own, preoccupations, and have made of him a rather eccentric but important illustrative figure in one of several larger narratives dominated by canonical figures like Descartes, Boyle, Spinoza or Newton. This is the first modern biography to place his own religious and philosophical preoccupations centre-stage, and to provide a coherent interpretation of his work from a consideration of his own writings, their contexts and aims. It is also the first study of More to exploit the full range of his prolific writings and a number of unknown manuscripts relating to his life. In addition, it contains an annotated handlist of his extant correspondence
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  • 18
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401701877
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 249 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 182
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 182
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; History ; Anthropology ; Plant science. ; Botany. ; Plant systematics. ; Plant taxonomy.
    Kurzfassung: This volume completes a trilogy meant to be a commentary on the botanophilia that captured the literate public in 18th-century France. Enthusiastic public support for any governmental initiative likely to expand botanical knowledge was an expression of immense curiosity about the natural world beyond Europe, which extended into a curiosity about primitive people and cultures little known. It amounted to a quest for universal knowledge that could benefit all mankind: useful knowledge that could improve the human condition in this life. That was the spirit of the Enlightenment, the sciences believed to be the key to humanity's advancement. The botanists exploring abroad brought back exciting quantities of new species and genera, but also a message about the condition of primitive people that undercut the fashionable image of noble savagery. No matter how dispiriting were some of the conditions they observed abroad, they retained a faith that ignorance and superstition could be vanquished
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9789401701792
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VI, 349 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Suppl.: Rezensiert in Zorn, Hans [Rezension von: Friedman, Russell L., The Medieval Heritage in Early Modern Metaphysics and Modal Theory, 1400-1700] 2006
    Serie: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 53
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Medieval philosophy. ; Cultural studies. ; Philosophy, medieval ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; History ; Philosophy. ; Culture—Study and teaching.
    Kurzfassung: The thirteen articles brought together in this volume explore key aspects of the transmission of learning and the transformation of thought from the late Middle Ages to the early modern period. Focusing on important topics in early modern metaphysics, philosophical theology, and modal theory, the contributions gathered here view developments in the early modern period against the backdrop of late-medieval scholasticism. This approach not only reveals the continuity of Western intellectual life in a period of profound change, but also makes it possible to identify with precision what is original in early modern thought. The topics dealt with include metaphysics as a science, the rise of probabilistic modality, freedom of the human will, as well as the role and validity of logical reasoning in speculative theology. The volume will be of interest to scholars who work on medieval and early modern philosophy, theology, and intellectual history
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1. Introduction -- 2. Via Antiqua and Via Moderna in the Fifteenth Century: Doctrinal, Institutional, and Church Political Factors in the Wegestreit -- 3. Ockham and Locke on Mental Language- 4. Metaphysics as a Discipline: From the "Transcendental Philosophy of the Ancients" to Kant's Notion of Transcendental Philosophy -- 5. God as First Principle and Metaphysics as a Science -- 6. Gabriel Biel and Later-Medieval Trinitarian Theology.-7. The Question of the Validity of Logic in Late Medieval Thought -- 8. Uses of Philosophy in Reformation Thought: Melanchthon, Schegk, and Crellius -- 9. Divine Foreknowledge and Human Freedom: Auriol, Pomponazzi, and Luther on "Scholastic Subtleties" -- 10. The Ontological Source of Logical Possibility in Catholic Second Scholasticism -- 11. The Renaissance of Statistical Modalities in Early Modern Scholasticism -- 12. Modal Logic in Germany at the Beginning of the Seventeenth Century: Christoph Scheibler's Opus Logicum -- 13. Leibniz on Compossibility: Some Scholastic Sources -- Index of Names.
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  • 20
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    ISBN: 9789401735841
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (365 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 233
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 233
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Regional planning ; Culture—Study and teaching. ; Chemistry ; History ; Culture. ; Ethnology.
    Kurzfassung: Travels have without doubt been a perennial source of attraction to scholars in different fields. Yet historians of science have seldom looked at travels within the European space. Travels of Learning will help to fill this gap. It offers a reappraisal of the topic of scientific and technological travelling and takes the viewpoint of the European peripheries, including case studies of Portugal, Spain, Greece, Turkey, Russia, Hungary and the Scandinavian countries. The book covers different periods of time and different local settings, and uses a variety of methodological approaches. It contributes to the clarification of mechanisms of appropriation of scientific ideas, instruments, practices and of technological expertise. This book is of interest to scholars and students of history and philosophy of science and technology, to cultural and social historians and to scholars and students of science, technology and society studies. It will also appeal to high school teachers
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  • 21
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401000550
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XX, 238 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 52
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, Ancient. ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: This book develops a new interpretation of Aristotle's Metaphysics. By exploring the significance of the long ignored distinction between being with regard to categories and being with regard to potentiality and actuality, the author presents that Aristotle's science of being has two distinct aspects: an investigation of the basic constituents of reality in terms of categories, predication, and definition, and an investigation which deals with change, process, and order of the world. The author argues that corresponding to the distinction between these two kinds of being, the central books of the Metaphysics contain not one, but two theories of substance, depending on whether the matter/form relation is associated with the potentiality/actuality relation. Together, these two studies of being and substance provide a complete picture of Aristotle's world as both a static and a dynamic reality. The book will be of interest to all those who wish to gain a better understanding of Aristotle's Metaphysics
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  • 22
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401002899
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 559 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 230
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 230
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy and science. ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: Do knowledge and science arise from the application of canons of rationality and scientific method? Or is all our scientific knowledge caused by socio-political factors, or by our interests in the socio-political - the view of sociologists of "knowledge"? Or does it result from interplay of relations of power - the view of Michel Foucault? Or does our knowledge arise from "the will to power" - the view of Nietzsche? This volume sets out to critically examine the theses of those who would debunk the idea of rational explanation. The book is wide-ranging. The theories of method of Quine, Kuhn, Feyerabend (amongst others) are discussed and related to the views of Marx, Foucault, Wittgenstein and Nietzsche as well as sociologists of science such as Mannheim and Bloor. The author provides a wide interpretative framework which links the doctrines espoused by many of these authors; it is argued that they inherit many of the difficulties in the Strong Programme in the sociology of "knowledge", and that they fail to reconcile the normativity of knowledge with their naturalism. It is argued that neither relativists, sceptics, nihilists, sociologists of "knowledge" nor the postmodernists successfully debunk the claims of rational explanation, far from it: these theorists presuppose much of the theory of methodology they deny
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  • 23
    ISBN: 9789401000437
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (254p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Landscapes: The Arts, Aesthetics, and Education 2
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Fine arts. ; Cultural heritage. ; Art education. ; Teaching. ; Arts. ; Cultural property. ; Art—Study and teaching. ; Teachers—Training of.
    Kurzfassung: Researching Visual Arts Education in Museums and Galleries brings together case studies from Europe, Asia and North America, in a way that will lay a foundation for international co-operation in the future development and communication of practice-based research. The research in each of the cases directly stems from educational practice in very particular contexts, indicating at once the variety and detail of practitioners' concerns and their common interests
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: From the Contents: Introduction -- Section A: Museums and Lifelong Learning -- Section B: Museums and Formal Education -- Section C: Museums and Personal Discovery -- Section D: Landscaping The Future -- Index.
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  • 24
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    ISBN: 9789401726184
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 259 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: A Discourse of the World Religions 5
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Genetic epistemology ; Religion (General) ; History ; Epistemology. ; Religion.
    Kurzfassung: Religions are the largest communities of the global society and claim, at least in the cases of Islam and Christianity, to be universal interpretations of life and orders of existence. With the globalization of the world economy and the unity of the global society in the Internet, they gain unprecedented access to the entire human race through modern means of communication. At the same time, this globalization brings religions into conflict with one another in their claims to universal validity. How can the conflict of religions be defused? The speculative, philosophical method of dealing with a religion is a way to present one's own religious convictions in the medium of philosophy and rational discourse. The philosophical approach to religion can serve as the basis of the conversation of the world religions, without dissolving their truth claims. It can reduce dogmatic claims and contribute to overcoming fundamentalism. Philosophy builds bridges between religions. The series A Discourse of the World Religions presents with this volume the fifth and last of the EXPO-Discourses of the World Religions, which took place near the end of the World Exposition EXPO 2000 in Hannover, Germany. The five EXPO-Discourses were held before and during the World Exposition EXPO 2000 in Hannover with the objective of a philosophical-theological dialogue of religions about central themes of their teachings. The series aims at a deeper understanding of the similarities and differences between Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam in their theological and philosophical propositions. It sees in philosophy a bridge between the religions and a means to overcome religious hostility and fundamentalism and to further the dialogue of the religions
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  • 25
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401002370
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (256p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Brain and Mind 2
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Psychology, clinical ; Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy of mind ; Neuropsychology. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Philosophy and Neuroscience: A Ruthlessly Reductive Account is the first book-length treatment of philosophical issues and implications in current cellular and molecular neuroscience. John Bickle articulates a philosophical justification for investigating "lower level" neuroscientific research and describes a set of experimental details that have recently yielded the reduction of memory consolidation to the molecular mechanisms of long-term potentiation (LTP). These empirical details suggest answers to recent philosophical disputes over the nature and possibility of psycho-neural scientific reduction, including the multiple realization challenge, mental causation, and relations across explanatory levels. Bickle concludes by examining recent work in cellular neuroscience pertaining to features of conscious experience, including the cellular basis of working memory, the effects of explicit selective attention on single-cell activity in visual cortex, and sensory experiences induced by cortical microstimulation.
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  • 26
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401141420
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (LXI, 267 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 200
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 200
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The most outstanding feature of this book is that here, for the first time, is made available in a single volume all the important historical essays Edgar Zilsel (1891-1944) published during WWII on the emergence of modern science. This edition also contains one previously unpublished essay and an extended version of an essay published earlier. In these essays, Zilsel developed the now famous thesis, named after him, that science came into being when, in the late Middle Ages, the social barriers between the intellectuals and the artisans were eroded, due to the fact that the rapidly expanding commercial classes of that period had a keen interest in improvements in technology. This class was city-based and stimulated a social environment in which men of learning came to regard the craftsmen and technicians with a new respect, in which they no longer felt any contempt for manual work and in which theory and practice were eventually combined to produce modern science. This critical edition also carries a long introduction in which much new material about Zilsel's life and work is presented. It suggests that a radical new look at Zilsel's project needs to be taken. Zilsel's essays on the history of science look like a standard case study to substantiate a particular position on the origins of modern science, but they were also an attempt to show that lawlike explanation in history and social theory is possible. It is claimed that Zilsel's historical essays were a part of another project he was working on which focused on the idea that social phenomena were open to causal explanation as much as physical phenomena. Hence the volume also contains the essays Zilsel wrote in relation to this other project. Previously there have been published a German and an Italian edition of the Zilsel essays. This edition is the first in English; compared to the other two editions this one is the first that includes unpublished material and the first to undertake a serious effort to research Zilsel's life and work. What is special about this volume is the well-articulated social perspective it takes on the origins of modern science
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  • 27
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401001854
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVII, 306 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Sociology of the Sciences 23
    Serie: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 23
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Social sciences Methodology ; Sociology. ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Kurzfassung: This volume brings together contributions that resemble spotlights thrown on the past twenty-five years of science and technology studies. The contributions cover a broad range: history of science; science and politics; science and contemporary democracy; science and the public; science and the constitution; science and metaphors; and science and modernity. The contributors provide a critical overview of how the field of science and technology studies has emerged and developed. While assessing major achievements and potential, they also cast a critical view on deficiencies; provide a diagnosis of where we stand at present and articulate thoughtful concerns about where to go from here. The 2002 Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook provides ideal teaching material for discussion in class. Social Studies of Science and Technology: Looking Back, Ahead is for practising professionals and students in social studies of science and technology. It is also relevant to social scientists who realize the importance of science and technology in contemporary society and to natural scientists who want to find out what this field has to offer
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preface: Yet Another Turn -- 1. The Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook: A Personal Retrospective -- I: STS and Society -- 2. Sciences, Science Studies and their Publics: Speculating on Future Relations -- 3. Is That Politics?- 4.Science and the Postmodern Shift in Contemporary Democracies -- II: STS and The Social Sciences. 5. History of Social Science: Understanding Modernity and Rethinking Social Studies of Science. 6. The `Triple Helix' and `New Production of Knowledge' as Socio-Cognitive Fields. 7. The Conundrum of Consciousness: Changing Landscapes of Knowledge at the Turn of the Millennium. 8. In a Constitutional Moment: Science and Social Order at the Millennium -- III: STS - Emergence of a Field. 9. Growth, Differentiation, Expansion and Change of Identity - The Future of Science. 10. Institutionalizing Science & Technology Studies in the Academy. 11. Prolepsis: Considerations for Histories of Science After 2000. 12. Joy in Repetition Makes the Future Disappear: a Critical Assessment of the Present State of STS. 13. Reflections on the Millennium, Calendars, and the Gregorian Hegemony -- List of Contributors -- Biographical Notes -- Author Index.
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  • 28
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    ISBN: 9789401729369
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 304 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in German Idealism 2
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy, Asian. ; Epistemology. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy—History. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: Salomon Maimon (1753-1800), one of the most fascinating characters of eighteenth-century intellectual history, came from a traditional orthodox Jewish community in Eastern Europe to Berlin to seek Enlightenment. Maimon remained an outsider: an 'Ostjude' among the enlightened Jews in Berlin, a freethinker among observant Jews and a Jew among the non-Jews. His autobiography became a classic of autobiographical literature of the Enlightenment. His 'inter-cultural' experience is reflected in his philosophy. Indebted to the Maimonidean as well as to the modern European (notably Kantian) philosophical tradition, he attempted a synthesis of normally exclusive orientations: 'Rational Dogmatism' and 'Empirical Skepticism'. Maimon's importance in the development from Kant to German Idealism has been acknowledged, but the interpretation of his own philosophical position suffered much from this narrow perspective. The essays of leading scholars collected in this volume focus on his synthesis of 'Rational Dogmatism' and 'Empirical Skepticism'
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preface -- Introductory Essay: A Philosopher between Two Cultures -- Part One: Rational Dogmatism. The Logic of Speculative Philosophy and Skepticism in Maimon's Philosophy: Satz der Bestimmbarkeit and the Role of Synthesis. From Kant to Leibniz? Salomon Maimon and the Question of Predication. Salomon Maimon's Philosophy and its Place in the Enlightenment: Wandering in the Land of Difference. Intuition and Diversity: Kant and Maimon on Space and Time. Causa materialis: Solomon Maimon, Moses ben Maimon and the Possibility of Philosophical Transmission -- Part Two: Empirical Skepticism. Maimon's Subversion of Kant's Critique of Pure Reason: There are No Synthetic a priori Judgments in Physics. Maimon's "Quid Facti" Argument. What should Kantians learn from Maimon's Skepticism?. Maimon and Fichte -- Part Three: Unknown Work of Salomon Maimon. Salomon Maimon als Rezensent, nebst einer bisher unbeachteten Rezension -- Appendices: The Published Works of Maimon -- Concordance -- Abbreviations -- Bibliography -- The Contributors -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
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  • 29
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    ISBN: 9789400710054
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 212 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophical Studies Series 98
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Ontology
    Kurzfassung: This book is a study of John Locke's metaphysics of organisms and persons, with particular emphasis on his theory of identity through time and his conventionalism with respect to kinds and essences. Although these positions seem to be obviously incompatible-his persistence conditions for organisms and persons evidently commit him to attributing de re essential properties to these objects-the final three chapters constitute a sustained argument against this position. After presenting three arguments for thinking that the organisms and persons in Locke's ontology have both spatial and temporal extent, Conn argues that on a four-dimensional ontology (and only on such an ontology) there is no contradiction between Locke's theory of identity and his rejection of essentialism
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  • 30
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400708228
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 237 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 319
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Humanities ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: (Over)Interpreting Wittgenstein will be read by philosophers investigating Wittgenstein and by scholars, interpreters, students, and specialists, in both analytic and continental philosophy. It will intrigue readers interested in issues of interpretation and cultural studies. This book tells the story - as yet untold - of Wittgenstein interpretation during the past eighty years. It provides different interpretations, chronologies, developments, and controversies. It aims to discover the (socio-cultural rather than psychological) motives and motivations behind the philosophical community's project of interpreting Wittgenstein. As a cultural history of ideas, it traces the parallelism between Wittgenstein interpretation and the move from metaphysics, to language, to postmodernism effected in the twentieth century
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  • 31
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    ISBN: 9789401598927
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 172 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The Archivist’s Library 2
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Management information systems ; Information technology. ; Business—Data processing. ; Cultural heritage. ; Software engineering ; Library science ; Business information services. ; Cultural property.
    Kurzfassung: This book addresses theoretical and practical issues relating to the reliability and authenticity of records created in the electronic environment by organizations of all kinds. It explores both the conceptual and practical problems of design of record-keeping systems that will allow organizations to maintain reliable and authentic electronic records. It analyzes the elements of electronic records using diplomatic analysis, thoroughly explains the concepts of reliability and authenticity as applied to records, and provides a careful exposition of the methods for creating and maintaining reliable and authentic electronic records. The research for this book was conducted in conjunction with the United States Department of Defense and influenced its standards for electronic record-keeping, which have been widely adopted by software manufacturers. Audience: This book is aimed at anyone involved in creation, maintenance, and preservation of electronic records, such as records managers, information systems managers, archivists. It will also serve as a basic text for students of records management and archives in post-secondary educational institutions
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9789401735759
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVII, 282 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 313
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy. ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: Willard Van Orman Quine (1908-2000) was probably the most influential American philosopher of the twentieth century. In Trading Ontology for Ideology Lieven Decock offers an insightful analysis of the development of Quine's ontological views from his first texts in the early thirties onwards. The importance of Quine's work in logic and set theory for his ontology is highlighted. Decock argues that the tenet of extensionalism is at least as important as naturalism, and assesses the relation between the two. The other focus of the work is the relation between ontology, i.e. what there is, and ideology, i.e. what can be expressed by means of words. Decock shows that the interplay between ontology and ideology is far more complicated and interesting than has generally been assumed
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  • 33
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401709750
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XII, 251 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées 181
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 181
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Physics. ; Modern philosophy. ; Applied mathematics. ; Engineering mathematics. ; Philosophy, modern ; Mathematics ; Metaphysics ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Although Descartes' natural philosophy marked an advance in the development of modern science, many critics over the years, such as Newton, have rejected his particular `relational' theory of space and motion. Nevertheless, it is also true that most historians and philosophers have not sufficiently investigated the viability of the Cartesian theory. This book explores, consequently, the success of the arguments against Descartes' theory of space and motion by determining if it is possible to formulate a version that can eliminate its alleged problems. In essence, this book comprises the first sustained attempt to construct a consistent `Cartesian' spacetime theory: that is, a theory of space and time that consistently incorporates Descartes' various physical and metaphysical concepts. Intended for students in the history of philosophy and science, this study reveals the sophisticated insights, and often quite successful elements, in Descartes' unjustly neglected relational theory of space and motion
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9789401727914
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 142 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: A Discourse of the World Religions 4
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; History ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion.
    Kurzfassung: The question of the progress, the apocalyptic end, and the completion of history and the question of the life after death and the resurrection of the human person differ and are interconnected in the religions at the same time. The individual's completion and the completion of the world, the historical communities and humankind are conditional on each other. The world religions offer more than an interpretation of present history and the present world and existence of the human race. They also convey to humankind a theory of world history and of history before and above world history. This interpretation of universal history in the religions can be apocalypticism as the theory of the end of the world or apocalypticism and eschatology as the theory of the end, completion, and transfiguration of world and history. The completion of the world is inseparable from the completion of the individual human life in immortality and vice versa. Immortality is described in the Abrahamic religions as personal resurrection; in Hinduism as entering the divine self, the Atman; and in Buddhism as being united with the Buddha. How do the religions interpret universal history and what statements do they make about life after death? Leading scholars of Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have created with this volume a first-hand source of information, which enables the reader to gain a better understanding of these five world religions and their teachings about the end of history and the life after death of the human person
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  • 35
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    ISBN: 9789401598682
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 198 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophy and Medicine 73
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; medicine Philosophy ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy. ; Medicine—Philosophy. ; Philosophy, Ancient.
    Kurzfassung: This book addresses the venerable and vexing issues surrounding the problem of whether death can be a harm to the person who dies. This problem is an ancient one which was raised long ago by the early Greek philosopher Epicurus, who notoriously argued that death is at no time a harm to its 'victim' because before death there is no harm and after death there is no victim. Epicurus' conclusion is conspicuously at odds with our pre-reflective - and in most cases our post-reflective - intuitions, and numerous strategies have therefore been proposed to refute or avoid it. How then are we to account for our intuition that death is not just an evil, but perhaps the worst evil that may befall us? This is the key issue that the author addresses. This book explores various alternative approaches to the puzzling issues surrounding Epicurus' notorious argument and provides a defence of the intuitively plausible conclusion that death can indeed be a harm to the person who dies. This challenge to Epicurus' argument is developed by way of a detailed exploration of the issues raised not only by Epicurus, but also by his many successors, who have responded variously to the challenging issues which Epicurus raised. This book is a valuable contribution to, and continuation of, a debate which has stimulated philosophical reflection for millennia. Dr. William Grey
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  • 36
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401728621
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXIII, 215 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 17
    Serie: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 17
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This volume brings together ten original, thematically-related papers, written by prominent figures in the philosophy of science in Australasia and elsewhere. The contributed papers are focused on two fundamental issues in contemporary philosophy of science, the status of scientific realism and the relationship between science and commonsense. The contemporary scientific realism debate turns on the viability of the claims that science aims at truth and that we can justifiably believe that science has achieved or approximated this aim. Several papers in the collection constitute original contributions to this debate. Other papers explore what appears to be an increasingly divergent relationship between the scientific and commonsense images of the world. This volume is a valuable resource for all who are interested in and engaged by contemporary philosophy of science
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  • 37
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401710091
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (III, 174 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy of mind ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Natural and social sciences seem very often, though usually only implicitly, to hedge their laws by ceteris paribus clauses - a practice which is philosophically very hard to understand because such clauses seem to render the laws trivial and unfalsifiable. After early worries the issue is vigorously discussed in the philosophy of science and the philosophy of mind since ca. 15 years. This volume collects the most prominent philosophers of science in the field and presents a lively, controversial, but well-integrated, highly original and up-to-date discussion of the issue. It will be the reference book in the coming years concerning ceteris paribus laws
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  • 38
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    ISBN: 9789401700856
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 223 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Origins, Studies in the sources of scientific creativity 2
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy and science. ; Logic ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: For centuries, inconsistencies were seen as a hindrance to good reasoning, and their role in the sciences was ignored. In recent years, however, logicians as well as philosophers and historians have showed a growing interest in the matter. Central to this change were the advent of paraconsistent logics, the shift in attention from finished theories to construction processes, and the recognition that most scientific theories were at some point either internally inconsistent or incompatible with other accepted findings. The new interest gave rise to important questions. How is `logical anarchy' avoided? Is it ever rational to accept an inconsistent theory? In what sense, if any, can inconsistent theories be considered as true? The present collection of papers is the first to deal with this kind of questions. It contains case studies as well as philosophical analyses, and presents an excellent overview of the different approaches in the domain
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  • 39
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401598903
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXVII, 300 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Argumentation Library 5
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Education Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Epistemology. ; Chemistry ; Education—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: Many Sides is the first full-length study of Protagorean antilogic, an argumentative practice with deep roots in rhetorical history and renewed relevance for contemporary culture. Founded on the philosophical relativism of Protagoras, antilogic is a dynamic rather than a formal approach to argument, focused principally on the dialogical interaction of opposing positions (anti-logoi) in controversy. In ancient Athens, antilogic was the cardinal feature of Sophistic rhetoric. In Rome, Cicero redefined Sophistic argument in a concrete set of dialogical procedures. In turn, Quintilian inherited this dialogical tradition and made it the centrepiece of his own rhetorical practice and pedagogy. Many Sides explores the history, theory, and pedagogy of this neglected rhetorical tradition and, by appeal to recent rhetorical and philosophical theory, reconceives the enduring features of antilogical practice in a dialogical approach to argumentation especially suited to the pluralism of our own age and the diversity of modern classrooms
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9789401004855
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (344p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook Of Phenomenological Research 75
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Comparative Literature ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Merleau-Ponty's categories of the visible and the invisible are investigated afresh and with originality in this penetrating collection of literary and philosophical inquiries. Going beyond the traditional and current references to the mental and the sensory, mind and body, perceptual content and the abstract ideas conveyed in language, etc., these studies range from the `hidden spheres of reality', to the play of the visible and the invisible left as traces in works of human genius, the origins of intellect and language, the real and the imaginary in literature, and the `hidden realities' in the philosophy of the everyday world. These literary and philosophical probings collectively reveal the role of this disjoined/conjoined pairing in the ontopoietic establishment of reality, that is, in the manifestation of the logos of life. In tandem they bring to light the hidden play of the visible and the invisible in the emergence of our vital, societal, intimate, intellectual, and creative involvements
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9789401718660
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (516 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Topoi Library 4
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The book's aim is to give a working representation of what metaphysics is today. The historical contributions reveal the roots of metaphysical themes and how today's methods are linked to their Aristotelian and Leibnizian past. The volume also touches on the relationships between ontological and linguistic analysis, the questions of realism and ontological commitment, the nature of abstract objects, the existential meaning of particular quantification, the primitiveness of identity, the question of epistemic versus ontological vagueness, the necessity of origin, the nature of natural necessity, the possibility of intermittent existence, the notion of a temporal part and its place in an account of persistence, the question of identity and change across time and possible worlds, and many more. Readership: A toolbox for any researcher in metaphysics and an essential source for any PhD student with ontological interests
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction -- Part One: Ontology and Analysis. The Question of Realism. Words and Objects -- Part Two: Essence and Existence. Being and Essence in Contemporary Interpretations of Aristotle. Some Comments on Prof. Enrico Berti's Paper "Being and Essence in Contemporary Interpretations of Aristotle". Existence, Identity, and Aristotelian Tradition. Orenstein on Existence and Identity. Abstract Objects: A Case Study. Kinds, Essence, and Natural Necessity. Kinds of Necessity: a Commentary on E.J. Lowe's Paper -- Part Three: Identity. Aristotle's Notion of Identity. Sameness in Aristole's Topics. Identity and Supervenience. Comments on Wiggings's Paper "Identity and Supervenience". Vagueness, Identity, and Leibniz's Law. Williamson on Vagueness, Identity, and Leibniz's Law. Origins and Identities. Forbes on Origins and Identities -- Part Four: Time and Persistence. Leibniz, Composite Substances and the Persistence of Organic Things. On Naturalising Leibniz (a Reply to Anthony Savile). Temporal Parts and Identity Across Time. Van Inwagen on Temporal Parts and Identity Across Time. Change and Change-Ersatz. Starting over -- List of Contributors -- Bibliography -- Index of Names.
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  • 42
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    ISBN: 9789401705882
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XII, 286 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophical Studies Series 89
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Religion. ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: What is it for any contingent thing to exist? Why does any contingent thing exist? For some time now, the preferred style in addressing such questions has been deflationary when it has not been eliminativist. In its critical half, this book thoroughly analyzes and demolishes the main deflationary and eliminativist accounts of existence, including those of Brentano, Frege, Russell, and Quine, thereby restoring existence to its rightful place as one of the deep topics in philosophy, if not the deepest. In its constructive half, the book defends the thesis that the two questions admit of a unified answer, and that this answer takes the form of what the author calls a paradigm theory of existence. The central idea of the paradigm theory is that existence itself is a paradigmatically existent concrete individual. In this way the author vindicates onto-theology and puts paid to the Heideggerian conceit that Being cannot itself be a being. This work will be of interest to all serious students and teachers of philosophy, especially those interested in metaphysics and the philosophy of religion
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preface -- I: The Idea of a Paradigm Theory of Existence -- II: Is Existence a First-Level Property?- III: The `No Difference' Theory -- IV: Is Existence a Property of Properties?- V: Mondial Attribute Theories -- VI: The Ontology of the Contingent Existent -- VII: The Ground of the Contingent Existent -- VIII: The Paradigm Existent. References -- Index.
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  • 43
    ISBN: 9789401713313
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 299 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 226
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 226
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Burtt's book, The Metaphysical Foundations of Modern Physical Science, is something of a puzzle within the context of twentieth-century intellectual history, especially American intellectual history. Burtt's pioneering study of the scientific revolution has proved to prophetic in its rejection of both scientism and positivism. Published in 1924, Burtt's book continues to be read in educated circles and remains both the rose and the thorn on university reading lists, raising skeptical questions about science methods and science knowledge just as it did seventy-five years ago. This book examines Burtt's public, academic and personal life. From his politics of conscience after World War I on through the Cold War Burtt is shown to be a man of unparalleled integrity, whose relentless search for philosophic understanding drove his more quixotic philosophical quests and steered his personal life, including its tragic dimension, toward simple virtue. The many who have been affected by The Metaphysical Foundations will be especially interested in this new perspective on the life and thought of its author. Those who have not read Burtt's books might be inspired to study this unusual American thinker
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  • 44
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    ISBN: 9789401700795
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 188 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 308
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy of nature
    Kurzfassung: In the book If Tropes, the author attempts to approach and then deal with some of the most basic problems for a theory of tropes. The investigation proceeds from three basic assumptions: (i) tropes (i.e. particular properties) exist, (ii) only tropes exist (that is, tropes are the only basic or fundamental kind of entities), and (iii) the main-function for tropes is to serve as truth-makers for atomic propositions. Provided that one accepts these assumptions the author finds that the trope-theorist will have to deal with two important matters. Some atomic propositions seem to require universal truth-makers and others seem to require concrete truth-makers. This means that universals and concrete particulars will need to be constructed from the material of tropes. Such constructions are attempted and it is argued that it is possible to deal at least with these basic issues while staying squarely within the boundaries of a purely trope-theoretical framework. The book is written in an untechnical language but requires some prior understanding of basic metaphysics
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9789401700931
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (242 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H.L. van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 164
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy. ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: Husserl himself considered Logical Investigations (1900-1901) to constitute his `breakthrough' to phenomenology, and it stands out not only as one of Husserl's most important works, but as a key text in twentieth century philosophy. By predating the split between `analytical philosophy' and `continental philosophy', Logical Investigations remains of particular interest to those concerned with the possibility of a rapprochement between the two traditions. The work had a tremendous influence on the subsequent development of phenomenology, and it also left its mark on such diverse disciplines as linguistics, comparative literature, psychology, cognitive science, and mathematics. This volume commemorates the centenary of Logical Investigations by subjecting the work to a comprehensive critical analysis. It contains new contributions by leading scholars addressing some of the most central analyses to be found in the book
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Preface -- Part I: Problems of Logic. Different Concepts of Logic and Their Relation to Subjectivity. The Logical Investigations: Paving the Way to a Transcendental Logic. Non-Objectifying Acts. What is "Logical" in Husserl's Logical Investigations? The Copenhagen Interpretation -- Part II: Realism and Idealism. The World Well Won: Husserl's Epistemic Realism One Hundred Years later. "Aristotelian" Themes in Husserl's Logical Investigations. Metaphysical Neutrality in Logical Investigations -- Part III: Categorial Intuition. Husserl's Revision of the Sixth Logical Investigation. Husserl's Concept of Categorial Intuition. Categories, Diagrams, Schemata: The Cognitive Grasping of Ideal Objects in Husserl and Peirce -- Part IV: Semiotics, Alterity, Cognitive Science. Semiotics in Husserl's Logical Investigations. The Puzzling Case of Alterity in Husserl's Logical Investigations. The Relation of Husserl's Logical Investigations to Descriptive Psychology and Cognitive Science -- Appendix. The First Motivation of Transcendental Epoché -- Index.
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  • 46
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401715508
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 390 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The GeoJournal Library 64
    Serie: GeoJournal Library 64
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    Schlagwort(e): Hydraulic engineering ; Humanities ; Geography ; Geographical information systems ; History ; Hydrogeology. ; Cultural heritage.
    Kurzfassung: This is the first book of its kind to attempt a multi-disciplinary approach to understanding how terrain has affected the outcome of warfare in history. Taking a broad sweep from mediaeval times, the English Civil Wars of the 17th century and the Napoleonic Wars of the 18th century, its primary focus is on the major battles and engagements of the century of warfare from 1850 to 1950. Examining the American Civil War, the Anglo-Zulu War, the Boer War, the Great War of 1914-1918, the Spanish Civil War and finally the Second World War, it takes a total terrain view. All aspects of terrain, including the cultural and spiritual significance of battle, the physical geography and geology of the battlefield and the growing discipline of battlefield archaeology are covered. Audience: Intended as a text for the military historian, historical and physical geographer, practitioner of GIS or archaeologist, this volume also provides important case histories for advanced undergraduates, researchers and enthusiasts wishing to know more about the conduct of battle
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  • 47
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401734394
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VI, 273 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: How is linguistic theory related to linguistic practice? What do theoretical notions and models tell us about real-life language use? Are there any limits to what such notions and models can reasonably be taken to accomplish? These questions are fundamental to any serious investigation into the phenomena of human communication. The essays in this book show that philosophers and linguists of quite different brands have tended to give undue priority to their own favourite theoretical framework, and have presupposed that the descriptive scheme invoked by that framework constitutes a pattern to which any linguistic practice somehow has to conform. What unites the contributors to this volume is a critical attitude towards such essentialist aspirations. By investigating several concrete examples of this tendency - examples collected from such seemingly disparate areas as structuralism, contemporary analytic philosophy and feminist epistemology - the authors collectively manage to cast doubt on the very attempt to fit the whole of linguistic practice into a general theoretical mould
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Part I: Historical Perspectives. On the Linguistic Turn in Philosophy. Humboldt: Grammatical Form and `Weltansicht'. Language as Sign and Use: A Study of Certain Aspects of Saussure's View of Language -- Part II: Prejudiced Preconceptions: Notions of Language Within Linguistics and Feminist Epistemology. Expression and Content in Linguistic Theory. The History of Swedish Grammar and Professor Chomsky. How Ordinary is Ordinary Experience? Language in Feminist Epistemology and Philosophy of Science -- Part III: The Practice of Meaning and Truth. Putnam on Truth. Meaning, Saying, Truth -- Part IV: Themes from Wittgenstein. Wittgenstein, Meursault and the Difficulty of Philosophy. Wittgenstein, Logical Form and Grammatical Remarks. On Rule-Following. Are We all Trapped in Nonsense? On the Need for a Listener and Community Standards -- References -- Notes on the Contributors -- Index.
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  • 48
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    ISBN: 9789401598705
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XX, 314 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Cognitive Systems 28
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Artificial intelligence ; History
    Kurzfassung: The book provides a valuable text for undergraduate and graduate courses on the historical and theoretical issues of Cognitive Science, Artificial Intelligence, Psychology, Neuroscience, and the Philosophy of Mind. The book should also be of interest for researchers in these fields, who will find in it analyses of certain crucial issues in both the earlier and more recent history of their disciplines, as well as interesting overall insights into the current debate on the nature of mind. From the reviews: "..a book that will help those studying social sciences to realize the mechanical roots of the ongoing debate about cognition, but at the same time will help scholars of AI to put their discourse on intelligence in a historical and social perspective
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Chemical machines and action systems -- 2. Nervous conduction: early connectionism, physical analogies and machines -- 3. The Robot Approach -- 4. Behavior, purpose and teleology -- 5. Cybernetics and the origins of Artificial Intelligence -- 6. New steps towards the artificial -- 7. The many forms of the artificial -- References. List of machines -- Name Index -- Subject Index.
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  • 49
    ISBN: 9789401005708
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (368 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
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    Schlagwort(e): Regional planning ; Humanities ; Culture—Study and teaching. ; Cultural heritage. ; Ethics ; History ; Philosophy. ; Ethnology. ; Culture. ; Cultural property.
    Kurzfassung: Refiguring the Archive at once expresses cutting-edge debates on `the archive' in South Africa and internationally, and pushes the boundaries of those debates. It brings together prominent thinkers from a range of disciplines, mainly South Africans but a number from other countries. Traditionally archives have been seen as preserving memory and as holding the past. The contributors to this book question this orthodoxy, unfolding the ways in which archives construct, sanctify, and bury pasts. In his contribution, Jacques Derrida (an instantly recognisable name in intellectual discourse worldwide) shows how remembering can never be separated from forgetting, and argues that the archive is about the future rather than the past. Collectively the contributors demonstrate the degree to which thinking about archives is embracing new realities and new possibilities. The book expresses a confidence in claiming for archival discourse previously unentered terrains. It serves as an early manual for a time that has already begun
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  • 50
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    ISBN: 9789401005876
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 226 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Physics. ; Chemistry ; History ; Science—History. ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The theme was chosen because of the great concern with the worldwide decreasing interest in the natural sciences. The image of these sciences as dull, uninspiring, masculine, environmentally unfriendly and very technical was mentioned as an important reason. Historical context would help in the discussions around these recent perceptions. Many intriguing questions are discussed. How is the changing image of the distinct sciences experienced by the general public, by the scientists themselves, or in disciplines in which natural sciences are applied? How can it be connected to the phenomenon of the low number of women in science? The book is useful to a broad spectrum of readers, from our colleagues in universities to the general public. It can very well be used as a textbook in undergraduate courses in the history of science and in science and society. In addition, the individual chapters can stand on their own and be studied in courses in the various sciences, or in philosophy
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  • 51
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    ISBN: 9789401002691
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 333 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophy and Medicine 75
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    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Human genetics ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Philosophy and science.
    Kurzfassung: Advances in genetics, such as the Human Genome Project's successful mapping of the human genome and the discovery of ever more sites of disease-related mutations, invite re-examination of basic concepts underlying our fundamental social practices and institutions. Having children, assigning responsibility, identifying causes, using social and scientific resources to improve human well-being, among other concepts, will never be the same. Our concepts of moral and legal responsibility, cause and effect, disease prevention, health, disability, enhancement, personal identity, and reproductive autonomy and responsibility are all subtly changing in response to developments in genetics. Biology, law, medicine, and other disciplines are also evolving in response to mutating concepts in genetics itself-for example, dominance, causation, behavior, gene expression, and gene. The selections in this volume employ philosophical and historical perspectives to shed light on classic social, ethical, and philosophical issues raised with renewed urgency against the backdrop of the mapping of the human genome
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  • 52
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    ISBN: 9789401004176
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXXIV, 398 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 74
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Philosophy. ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of nature ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: The nature of life consists in a constructive becoming (see Analecta Husserliana vol. 70). Though caught up in its relatively stable, stationary intervals manifesting the steps of its accomplishments that our attention is fixed. In this selection of studies we proceed, in contrast, to envisage life in the Aristotelian perspective in which energia, forces, and dynamisms of life at work are at the fore. Startling questions emerge: `what distinction could be drawn between the prompting forces of life and its formation? Or, is this distinction a result of our transcendental faculties?' The answers to these questions reveal themselves, as Tymieniecka proposes, at the phenomenologically ontopoietic level of life's origination where transcendentality surges
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  • 53
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    ISBN: 9789401720557
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXIV, 225 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 5
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Science Study and teaching ; History ; Physics. ; Science education.
    Kurzfassung: This book intends to answer the following questions: What made it possible to create the Cavendish Laboratory in the 1870s? What was the Laboratory's principal role within Cambridge University and how did this role change over time? Who performed research at the Cavendish, when did they work there, and what topics did they investigate? In what ways and to what extent did the Laboratory's directors influence the work of Cavendish researchers? How did the Cavendish become the mecca of experimental physics during the first third of the twentieth century? In short, why was the Cavendish Laboratory so successful? In his search for the most plausible answers, the author makes clear that the history of Cavendish Laboratory is not only the story of a successful physics laboratory but also the story of great men
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  • 54
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    ISBN: 9789401700771
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 175 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 16
    Serie: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 16
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Algebra ; Mathematics ; History ; Mathematics—Study and teaching .
    Kurzfassung: In the early modern period, a crucial transformation occurred in the classical conception of number and magnitude. Traditionally, numbers were merely collections of discrete units that measured some multiple. Magnitude, on the other hand, was usually described as being continuous, or being divisible into parts that are infinitely divisible. This traditional idea of discrete number versus continuous magnitude was challenged in the early modern period in several ways. This detailed study explores how the development of algebraic symbolism, logarithms, and the growing practical demands for an expanded number concept all contributed to a broadening of the number concept in early modern England. An interest in solving practical problems was not, in itself, enough to cause a generalisation of the number concept. It was the combined impact of novel practical applications together with the concomitant development of such mathematical advances as algebraic notation and logarithms that produced a broadened number concept
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  • 55
    ISBN: 9789401722803
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVII, 118 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 174
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 174
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: Over three hundred years ago, the paramount modern Catholic exegete, Cornelius a Lapide, S.J., wrote that the 25th of March, 2000, was the most likely date for the world to end. Catholic Millenarianism does not let the day pass without comment. Catholic Millenarianism offers an authoritative overview of Catholic apocalyptic thought combined with detailed presentations by specialists on nine major Catholic authors, such as Savonarola, Luis de León, and António Vieira. With its companion volumes, Catholic Millenarianism illustrates a hold apocalyptic concerns had on intellectual life, particularly between 1500 and 1900, rivaling and influencing rationalism and skepticism. Catholics do not ordinarily expect a messianic reign by earthly means. Catholic Millenarianism shows instead what is common to Catholic authors: their preoccupation with the relationship between linguistic prophecies and the events they foretell. This makes the perspectives offered as surprisingly diverse as their particular times, and the book itself interesting and worth repeated reading
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  • 56
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    ISBN: 9789401728157
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XII, 391 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The GeoJournal Library 60
    Serie: GeoJournal Library 60
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Regional planning ; Geography ; Architecture ; Culture—Study and teaching. ; Cultural heritage.
    Kurzfassung: This book is the first of its kind to examine the design and use of public space such as streets, squares, and parks in the cities of contemporary Asia Pacific, which has experienced the fastest urban and economic growth in the world during the past three decades. This collection of eighteen essays, all written by experts in their own fields, provides timely and first-hand reports on the unique characteristics of Asia Pacific public places (as compared to those in Western cities), current problems and debates, and newly proposed design/planning solutions. The discussions cover all important aspects of the subject matter, such as the creation of indigenous identity amid the tide of globalization; the search for design/planning strategies to address high density, mobility, sustainability, and other functional issues; and the proper roles of the government, local community, and privatization in the development of public space. Audience: Filled with case studies and illustrated with some 250 drawings and photographs, the publication is a necessary research and learning tool for architects, planners, public administrators, developers, and everyone involved in the making of public places. The volume also provides rich material for scholars and students of other disciplines related to Asia Pacific cities
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  • 57
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    ISBN: 9789401597531
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 267 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 43
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Ontology ; Phenomenology
    Kurzfassung: While earlier research considered Simone de Beauvoir in the perspectives of Existentialism or Feminism, this work is the first to emphasize her reflective and descriptive approach and the full range of issues she addresses. There are valuable chapters and sections that are historical and/or comparative, but most of the contents of this work critically examine Beauvoir's views on old age (whereon she is the first phenomenologist to work), biology, gender, ethics, ethnicity (where she is among the first), and politics (again among the first). Besides their systematic as well as historical significance, these chapters show her philosophy as on a par with those of Merleau-Ponty and Jean-Paul Sartre in quality, richness and distinctiveness of problematics, and the penetration of her insight into collective as well as individual human life within the socio-historical world
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  • 58
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    ISBN: 9789401723947
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 155 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: A Discourse of the World Religions 3
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Genetic epistemology ; Religion (General) ; Epistemology. ; History ; Religion. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: Technology and the control of nature have arisen from the endeavor to reduce the neediness of human life. Since this reduction is also the goal of religions, there is a necessary proximity between religion and technology. The relationship of humans to nature and technology is an object of religious doctrine and ethics in all of the world's religions. The interpretations and the norms of the treatment of nature in economy and technology, but also the veneration of nature in nature-mysticism and its elevation in cult and sacrament, are forms of expression of the relationship to nature in religions. The development of the modern control of nature through technology appears to be connected to the biblical commission to rule over nature. Buddhism and Hinduism, however, also interpret technology and human control of nature. Technological power raises the question of how the normativeness of the created order intended by religion's concept of creation relates to the human freedom to reshape creation. What answers do religions give to the question of the humane form of technology and the limits to technological power and human control of nature? Leading scholars of Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism have created with this volume a first-hand source of information which enables the reader to gain a better understanding of these five world religions and their teachings on nature and technology
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9789401732765
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 238 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophical Studies Series 86
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy of mind ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Self.
    Kurzfassung: The Diachronic Mind makes an original contribution to current philosophical debates on the nature of personal identity and the reducibility of the mind. It traces traditional problems facing psychological continuity theories of personal identity to the ease with which theorists of personal identity adopt and apply a sometimes naive physicalism about the mind. This novel diagnosis opens that way to new solutions to traditional problems in the debate on the psychological criterion of personal identity. Through these solutions, an unorthodox version of nonreductive physicalism about the mind-brain relation is developed that avoids the recurrent epiphenomenalism objection to such positions. The book is written in a crisp style that presupposes no more than an elementary knowledge of philosophy. It is intended for students and professional philosophers alike
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  • 60
    ISBN: 9789401722780
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIX, 246 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées 173
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 173
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: This volume brings together ten essays by leading scholars about Jewish messianic ideas and movements in the early modern world. While much of the previous literature in this field has focused on the internal dynamics of Jewish thought, these essays stress the broader historical and philosophical context. The papers deal with such topics as messianic ideology in the wake of the Spanish Expulsion, messianism and Renaissance philosophy, the Sabbatean movement and its impact on Christian thought, messianism and conversion, the relationship of Christian kabbalists to Jewish messianic ideas, the Frankist movement, and Freemasonry. As a group, the essays here represent a challenge to Gershom Scholem's reading of Jewish messianism in this era, offering a rich tapestry of relationships between the religious imagination of Jews and that of their neighbors. Scholars and students of early modern history, eschatology and religion will find much food for thought here
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  • 61
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    ISBN: 9789401729567
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 399 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 228
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 228
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Biology Philosophy ; Ethics ; History ; Biology—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This book highlights not only aspects of the career of Everett Mendelsohn, one of the premier historians of biology of our age, but also a wide range of topics that are now grouped under the general heading of science studies. This broad collection includes articles on the relations between science and the military, science as narrative, natural history and conservation, Marxism and science, the Human Genome Project, and the relation of philosophy to the study of embryonic development in the 18th century. This book is essential not only for those who admire Professor Mendelsohn's work but also for those who want a slice of the current field of science studies. Audience: The main readership of this volume consists of historians of science, technology, and medicine, and sociologists of science. The book will also appeal to philosophers of science and biologists. Those interested in Middle Eastern studies will find the discussion of Professor Mendelsohn's political work in this area, as well as the article dealing with his activism in general, of considerable interest
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  • 62
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    ISBN: 9789401728683
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 163 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 296
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy of mind ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: This systematic development of the internal realist approach, first developed by Hilary Putnam, tries to steer a middle course between metaphysical realism and relativism. It argues against metaphysical realism that it is open to global skepticism and cannot cope with conceptual pluralism. Against realism it is claimed that there are mind-independent constraints on the validity of our claims to knowledge. The book provides a moderately verificationist account of semantics and a novel explanation of the idea of conceptual schemes. It is also argued that the approach developed can accommodate our commonsense realist intuitions and is also compatible with physicalism and naturalism. Readership: Philosophers at graduate student and advanced level. Advanced undergraduate courses could be based on certain parts of the book
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  • 63
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    ISBN: 9789401597890
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 159 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: A Discourse of the World Religions 2
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Genetic epistemology ; Religion (General) ; Epistemology. ; History ; Religion. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: All religions face the challenge of explaining, in view of God's goodness, the existence of evil and suffering in the world. They must develop theories of the origin and the overcoming of evil and suffering. The explanations in Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, and Judaism of evil and suffering and their origin, as well as these world religions' theories of how to overcome evil and suffering, differ from one another, but are also similar in many respects. The human person is always considered to be the origin of evil, and also to be the focus of aspirations to be able to overcome it. The conviction that evil and suffering are not original and can be overcome is characteristic of and common to the religions. The explanations of the origin of evil are closely related to the explanations of the continuation and propagation of evil in human persons, in nature, and in our technology and culture that have been developed in the religions - in Christianity, for example, as the doctrine of original sin. Finally, the world religions are concerned with how to cope with suffering and offer guidance for overcoming evil and suffering. Leading scholars of five world religions, Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, Judaism, and Hinduism, have created with this volume a first-hand source of information, which enables the reader to gain a better understanding of these religions' central teachings about the origin and the overcoming of evil and suffering
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  • 64
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    ISBN: 9789401733625
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XV, 295 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophical Studies Series 87
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The Importance of Time is a unique work that reveals the central role of the philosophy of time in major areas of philosophy. The first part of the book consists of symposia on two of the most important works in the philosophy of time over the past decade: Michael Tooley's Time, Tense, and Causation and D.H. Mellor's Real Time II. What characterizes these essays, and those that follow, are the interchanges between original papers, with original responses to them by commentators. The wide range of interrelated topics covered in this book is one of its most distinctive features. The book is divided into six parts: I. Book Symposia, II. Temporal Becoming, III. The Phenomenology of Time, IV. God, Time and Foreknowledge, V. Time and Physical Objects, and VI. Time and Causation, and contains 24 essays by leading philosophers in the various areas: Laurie Paul, Quentin Smith, L. Nathan Oaklander, Hugh Mellor, John Perry, William Lane Craig, Brian Leftow, Ned Markosian, Ronald C. Hoy, Michael Tooley, Storrs McCall, David Hunt, Mark Hinchliff, Robin Le Poidevin, Iain Martel and Eric M. Rubenstein
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  • 65
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    ISBN: 9789401597739
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIX, 207 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 44
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Religion—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Although there are various `religious' traces in Heidegger's philosophy, little effort has been made to show the systematic import which his thinking has for outlining a full range of religious and theological questions. Precisely because his thought is opposed to the construction of any `dogma', his vast writings provide clues to what meaning(s) the `Sacred' and the `Divine' may have in a postmodern age where the very possibility of `faith' hangs in the balance. By showing how Heidegger's own thinking can be interpreted as a struggle to come to terms with religious questions, this book undertakes a postmodern investigation of the Sacred which both draws upon and transcends various world-religions and denominations. A postmodern, non-sectarian vision of the Sacred thereby becomes possible which is open to the plurality of religious experiences on the one hand, and yet affirms on the other Heidegger's emphasis (in Beiträge zur Philosophie) on the `last god' as the displacing of all sectarian visions of god. This book will have special appeal to Heidegger scholars, as well as students interested in the overlap between phenomenology and philosophical theology
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  • 66
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    ISBN: 9789401598491
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (V, 206 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 179
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 179
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Climatic changes ; Plant science. ; Plant systematics. ; Plant taxonomy. ; Climate change. ; Fine arts. ; History ; Botany. ; Science—History. ; Plants—Evolution. ; Environment. ; Arts.
    Kurzfassung: The book describes the innovations that enabled botany, in the Eighteenth century, to emerge as an independent science, independent from medicine and herbalism. This encompassed the development of a reliable system for plant classification and the invention of a nomenclature that could be universally applied and understood. The key that enabled Linnaeus to devise his classification system was the discovery of the sexuality of plants. The book, which is intended for the educated general reader, proceeds to illustrate how many aspects of French life were permeated by this revolution in botany between about 1760 to 1815, a botanophilia sometimes inflated into botanomania. The reader should emerge with a clearer understanding of what the Enlightenment actually was in contrast to some popular second-hand ideas today
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  • 67
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    ISBN: 9789401716833
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 336 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The GeoJournal Library 62
    Serie: GeoJournal Library 62
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Geography ; History ; Human Geography
    Kurzfassung: This book is a comprehensive treatment of the professionalization and institutionalization of the academic discipline of geography in Europe and North America, with emphasis on the 20th century and the last quarter of the 19th. It consists of entirely new essays written by some of the world's leading experts in the history of geography. No other book has ever attempted coverage of this sort. Although it is aimed at geographers, both professionals and neophytes, the book could enlighten readers from other fields, especially practitioners of the social and earth sciences, as well as historians of science and education. The chapters are rather brief, but they provide a firm foundation for further discussion of the issues that they raise, and it is hoped that they will be followed by lengthier writings, perhaps even book-length studies, of the subject by the present authors or others
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  • 68
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    ISBN: 9789401598439
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 174 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Computer science ; Library science ; Social sciences ; User interfaces (Computer systems). ; Human-computer interaction.
    Kurzfassung: Interdisciplinary inquiry has become more pervasive in recent decades, yet we still know little about the conduct of this type of research or the information problems associated with it. This book is one of few empirical studies of interdisciplinary knowledge practices. It examines how interdisciplinary scientists discover and exchange information and knowledge, highlighting how the boundaries between disciplines affect how information is used and how knowledge is constructed. It is written for scholars and practitioners with an interest in developing information systems and research environments to foster innovative scientific work. Target groups include researchers in information science, science studies, communication, as well as research administrators and information professionals
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  • 69
    ISBN: 9789401598477
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VI, 172 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Technology Philosophy ; Medical ethics ; Philosophy. ; Ethics ; Bioethics. ; Technology—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Among the vast literature on contemporary reproductive technologies, Prosthetic Bodies stands out in its effective combination of insights, methods, and theories from the history of medicine, constructivist science and technology studies, and feminist theory. The double focus on IVF and related techniques, and fetal treatment and surgery, enables the identification of debatable tendencies within today's reproductive medicine: the translation of ever more medical problems basically unrelated to women's own reproductive health - and, in the case of fetal diagnosis and treatment, sometimes formerly even unrelated to reproduction as such - into medical indications for invasive, often highly experimental interventions in women's bodies. The analyses show how, through the operations and workings of reproductive technologies themselves, as well as a variety of discursive mechanisms within scientific language, today's recasting of men's fertility problems and children's congenital anomalies as women's reproductive problems comes to appear inevitable. The book challenges the ability of traditional forms of medical ethics and law to adequately identify this incremental process. The careful analyses and arguments in Prosthetic Bodies will be relevant to students of science and technology, gender studies, philosophy, medical ethics, and law, and others interested in the cultural, ethical, and political ramifications of contemporary reproductive technologies
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  • 70
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    ISBN: 9789401721158
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXXIX, 190 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Early Modern Religious Reforms 1
    Serie: Studies in Early Modern Religious Tradition, Culture and Society 1
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Semantics ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion. ; Semiotics.
    Kurzfassung: Some of England's most fascinating Renaissance texts have been forgotten by historians, literary critics and theologians alike. The earliest printed Bibles in the English language provide an astonishingly rich resource for interdisciplinary studies in the 21st century. Long Travail and Great Paynes is a close textual analysis of seven texts that for a wide range of reasons, but no good ones, have been reduced to paratextual entries in general histories of the English Bible. Through extensive collations of her own, Westbrook uncovers the work of seven Renaissance Bible translator-revisers and argues forcefully for a new agenda to replace the outmoded and inappropriate one of evaluating Renaissance Bibles according to the extent of their influence on the 1611 King James Authorised Version. Every sixteenth-century text reflects something of the historical dynamic in which it was created, and English Renaissance Bibles, with their ever-changing text and paratext, have their own unique stories to tell
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  • 71
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    ISBN: 9789401596565
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VI, 369 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 295
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Humanities ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy of mind ; History ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: Current debate in cognitive science, from robotics to analysis of vision, deals with problems like the perception of form, the structure and formation of mental images and their modelling, the ecological development of artificial intelligence, and cognitive analysis of natural language. It focuses in particular on the presence of a hierarchy of intellectual constructions in different formats of representation. These diverse approaches, which share a common assumption of the inner nature of representation, call for a new epistemology - even a new psychophysics - based on a theory of reference which is intrinsically cognitive. As a contribution to contemporary research, the reading presents the core of theories developed in Central Europe between the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries by philosophers, physicists, psychologists and semanticists who shared a dynamic approach and a pronounced concern with problems of interaction and dependence. These theories offer innovative solutions to some of the epistemological and philosophical problems currently at the centre of debate, like part-whole, theory of relations, and conceptual and linguistic categorization
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  • 72
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    ISBN: 9789401009737
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (352p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Cognitive Systems 25
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy and science. ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Artificial intelligence
    Kurzfassung: An important collection of studies providing a fresh and original perspective on the nature of mind, including thoughtful and detailed arguments that explain why the prevailing paradigm - the computational conception of language and mentality - can no longer be sustained. An alternative approach is advanced, inspired by the work of Charles S. Peirce, according to which minds are sign-using (or `semiotic') systems, which in turn generates distinctions between different kinds of minds and overcomes problems that burden more familiar alternatives. Unlike conceptions of minds as machines, this novel approach has obvious evolutionary implications, where differences in semiotic abilities tend to distinguish the species. From this point of view, the scope and limits of computer and AI systems can be more adequately appraised and alternative accounts of consciousness and cognition can be more thoroughly criticised. Readership: Intermediate and advanced students of computer science, AI, cognitive science, and all students of the philosophy of the mind
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  • 73
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401009300
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 327 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 71
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Comparative Literature ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Literature reveals that the hidden strings of the human `passional soul' are the creative source of the specifically human existence. Continuing the inquiry into the `elemental passions of the soul' and the Human Creative Soul pursued in several previous volumes of this series, the present volume focuses on the `passions of the earth', bringing to light some of the primogenital existential threads of the innermost bonds of the Human Condition and mother earth. In Tymieniecka's words, the studies purpose to unravel the essential bond between the living human being and the earth - a bond that lies at the heart of our existence. A heightened awareness of this bond should enlighten our situation and help us find our existential bearings
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  • 74
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401597470
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVII, 240 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 67
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of law ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Political science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Law—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: According to platonists, entities such as numbers, sets, propositions and properties are abstract objects. But abstract objects lack causal powers and a location in space and time, so how could we ever come to know of the existence of such impotent and remote objects? In Knowledge, Cause, and Abstract Objects, Colin Cheyne presents the first systematic and detailed account of this epistemological objection to the platonist doctrine that abstract objects exist and can be known. Since mathematics has such a central role in the acquisition of scientific knowledge, he concentrates on mathematical platonism. He also concentrates on our knowledge of what exists, and argues for a causal constraint on such existential knowledge. Finally, he exposes the weaknesses of recent attempts by platonists to account for our supposed platonic knowledge. This book will be of particular interest to researchers and advanced students of epistemology and of the philosophy of mathematics and science. It will also be of interest to all philosophers with a general interest in metaphysics and ontology
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  • 75
    ISBN: 9789401729543
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 249 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The International Library of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Ethics 1
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Plant science. ; Agriculture ; Botany ; History
    Kurzfassung: Science Cultivating Practice is an institutional history of agricultural science in the Netherlands and its overseas territories. The focus of this study is the variety of views about a proper relationship between science and (agricultural) practice. Such views and plans materialised in the overall organisation of research and education. Moreover, the book provides case studies of genetics and plant breeding in the Netherlands, colonial rice breeding, and agricultural statistics. Ideas affected the organisation as much as the other way round. The net result was an institutional development in which the values of academic science were rated higher than the values of practice. This book is a distinctive piece of work as it treats the dynamics of science in a European as well as in a colonial context. These different ecological and social environments lead to other forms of knowledge and experimentation as well as other ways of organising science
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  • 76
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    ISBN: 9789401006200
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XV, 284 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Contemporary Trends and Issues in Science Education 14
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    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Humanities ; Science education. ; Social sciences ; Science—Study and teaching.
    Kurzfassung: This book provides an overview of the theory and practice of science communication. It covers the whole area and illustrates it by looking at the experience of research workers in science communication and those whose task is to put science communication into practice. It deals with modes of informal communication such as science centres, television programs, and journalism and the research that informs practitioners about the effectiveness of their programs. It aims to meet the needs of those studying science communication as well as the increasing numbers of people who are employed in science centres and museums but have no formal training in this field. It is envisaged that the book will form a readily accessible source of expertise for communicators
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  • 77
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401096225
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (276p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 66
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy and science. ; Geometry ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Philosophers have studied geometry since ancient times. Geometrical knowledge has often played the role of a laboratory for the philosopher's conceptual experiments dedicated to the ideation of powerful theories of knowledge. Lorenzo Magnani's new book Philosophy and Geometry illustrates the rich intrigue of this fascinating story of human knowledge, providing a new analysis of the ideas of many scholars (including Plato, Proclus, Kant, and Poincaré), and discussing conventionalist and neopositivist perspectives and the problem of the origins of geometry. The book also ties together the concerns of philosophers of science and cognitive scientists, showing, for example, the connections between geometrical reasoning and cognition as well as the results of recent logical and computational models of geometrical reasoning. All the topics are dealt with using a novel combination of both historical and contemporary perspectives. Philosophy and Geometry is a valuable contribution to the renaissance of research in the field
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  • 78
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401596800
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXXIV, 337 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 216
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 216
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Observations, Astronomical. ; Metaphysics ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Astronomy—Observations. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: Incommensurability and Related Matters draws together some of the most distinguished contributors to the critical literature on the problem of the incommensurability of scientific theories. It addresses all the various problems raised by the problem of incommensurability, such as meaning change, reference of theoretical terms, scientific realism and anti-realism, rationality of theory choice, cognitive aspects of conceptual change, as well as exploring the broader implications of incommensurability for cultural difference. While it offers new work, and new directions of discussion, on the topic of incommensurability, the book also recapitulates the history of the discussion of the topic that has taken place within the literature on incommensurability
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  • 79
    ISBN: 9789401007443
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (160p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées 176
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 176
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Political philosophy. ; History ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History. ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This is the first book to bring together studies of a wide variety of millenarians who were active in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in France, The Netherlands, Germany, Sweden, and eastern Europe. The sheer variety of millenarian ideas and movements and their myriad of ebbs and flows and interactions teach us that millenarianism was a much more complex and influential factor than most studies have recognized. It was part and parcel of the growth of science, the progress of philosophy, and the genesis of political reform. This volume provides much food for thought for students and teachers of early modern ideas, the history of philosophy and religion, and the making of the modern world. Researchers in these fields will find that it opens up many avenues for further work
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  • 80
    ISBN: 9789401597395
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XV, 413 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 301
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy and science. ; Logic ; Artificial intelligence ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The philosophy of science has lost its self-confidence, witness the lack of advanced textbooks in contrast to the abundance of elementary textbooks. Structures in Science is an advanced textbook that explicates, updates, accommodates, and integrates the best insights of logical-empiricism and its main critics. This `neo-classical approach' aims at providing heuristic patterns for research. The book introduces four ideal types of research programs (descriptive, explanatory, design, and explicative) and reanimates the distinction between observational laws and proper theories. It explicates various patterns of explanation by subsumption and specification as well as structures in reductive and other types of interlevel research. Its analysis of theory evaluation leads to new characterizations of confirmation, empirical progress, and pseudoscience. Partial analogies between progress in nomological research (i.e. observational, referential, and theoretical truth approximation, presented in detail in From Instrumentalism to Constructive Realism, 2000) and progress in explicative and design research emerge. Finally, special chapters are devoted to design research programs, computational philosophy of science, the structuralist approach to theories, and research ethics
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  • 81
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    ISBN: 9789401006729
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 306 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 219
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 219
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Regional planning ; Philosophy and science. ; Culture—Study and teaching. ; Philosophy of mind ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Ethnology. ; Culture.
    Kurzfassung: The present collection attempts to be an essential step in acquainting the international reader with the Estonian contribution to the philosophy and history of science, including the recent history and policy of science and philosophy in Estonia on its way back to the Western world after the break-up of the Soviet Union. The book comprises mainly new papers. The authors - philosophers and scientists - represent every generation from emeritus professors to young researchers who have already received their education according to international standards and acquired a contemporary way of analytic reasoning and technique of investigation. The primary audience for this volume is: students as well as professionals of philosophy, methodology and logic of science; history of science and science studies; philosophy of mind; medical ethics; history, philosophy and methodology of physics, mathematics, chemistry, geography, medicine, but also those interested in cultural history and recent developments in a small Baltic country
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  • 82
    ISBN: 9789401722827
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (224 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées 175
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 175
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: The influence of millenarian thinking upon Cromwell's England is well-known. Less well examined, perhaps, has been the cultural and intellectual conceptions of the role of millenarian ideas in the `long' eighteenth century when, so the `official' story goes, the religious sceptics and deists of Enlightened England effectively tarred such religious radicalism as `enthusiasm'. In this collection of essays, we endeavour to revise this `official' story and to trace the influence of millenarian ideas in the science, politics, and everyday life of England and America in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preface. Introduction. Essay 1: The Appropriation of Joseph Mede. Millenarianism in the 1640s -- Essay 2: Britain and the Beast: The Apocalypse and the Seventeenth-Century Debate about the Creation of the British State -- Essay 3: A Whig Apocalypse: Millenarianism, Astrology, and Politics in the Restoration Crisis, 1678-1683 -- Essay 4: Boyle on Knowledge of Nature in the Afterlife -- Essay 5: Robert Boyle, the Conversion of the Jews, and Millennial Expectations -- Essay 6: The Virgin, the Dynamo, and Newton's Prophetic History -- Essay 7: `The Mystery of This Restitution of All Things': Isaac Newton on the Return of the Jews -- Essay 8: The Occult Bible: Hebraic Millenarianism in Eighteenth-Century England -- Essay 9: David and Goliath: Jewish Conversion and Philosemitism in Late-Eighteenth-Century Millenarian Thought -- Essay 10: Caveat Emptor: Pre- and Postmillennialism in the Late Reformation -- Essay 11: The Eschatology of Everyday Things, England, 1600-1800 -- Index.
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  • 83
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    ISBN: 9789401710817
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (276 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 217
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 217
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Technology Philosophy ; Economics Methodology ; Philosophy. ; Economic history. ; Organic chemistry. ; Chemistry, Organic ; Chemistry ; History ; Economics—History. ; Technology—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Colouring Textiles is an attempt to provide a new cross-cultural comparative approach to the art of dyeing and printing with natural dyestuffs in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Divided into thematic chapters, it uncovers new data from the vast historical heritage of natural dyestuffs from a range of European cities, to present new historiographic insights for the understanding of this technology. Through a sort of anatomic dissection, the book explores the study and cultivation of dye-plants in botanical gardens and plantations, and the tacit values hidden in dyeing workshops, factories, laboratories, or national and international exhibitions. It metaphorically submits the natural dyestuffs of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries to a series of systematic historical tests, and traces back the circulation of those sources of colours through colonial spaces, dye works, cross-cultural networks, schools of artistic design, and science-based industries for the making of synthetic colorants. Colouring Textiles contributes to a better understanding of the role of natural dyestuffs in the processes of industrialization in Western Europe. Audience: Historians of science and technology, historians of chemistry, philosophers, economic historians, professional chemists, arts and crafts historians, and cultural anthropologists
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  • 84
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    ISBN: 9789401090322
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (284p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Sociology of the Sciences 22
    Serie: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 22
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Economics ; Physics. ; Business. ; Management science.
    Kurzfassung: This book explores a little-studied arena that exists between science and technology, an arena in which a singular and important variety of open-ended, multi-purpose instrumentation is developed by practitioners (neither scientist nor engineer, call them research-technologists) for use in academia, industry, state metrology and technical services, and considerably beyond. The generic instrumentation designed in this almost subterraneously institutionalized/professionalized, interstitial arena fuels both science and engineering work. This involves intermittent crossings of the boundaries that demarcate and protect the conventional cognitive and artefact cultures familiar to many historians and sociologists. Research-technologists thereby comprise a distinctive (but never distinct) transverse science and technology culture that generates a species of pragmatic universality, which in turn provides multiple and diversified audiences with a common repertory of vocabularies, notational systems, images, and perhaps even paradigms. Research-technology practitioners deliver a lingua franca that contributes to cognitive, material, and social cohesion. Research-technology is about the complementarity between boundary-crossing and the stability/maintenance of boundaries
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  • 85
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    ISBN: 9789401734738
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 262 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 294
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The central question in the philosophy of time is whether time is tensed or tenseless, viz., whether the moments of time are objectively past, present or future, or whether they are ordered merely by the tenseless temporal relations earlier than, simultaneous with, and later than. In this book and the companion volume The Tensed Theory of Time: A Critical Examination, Craig undertakes the first thorough appraisal of the arguments for and against the tensed and tenseless theories of time. The discussions range widely over issues in the philosophy of language, phenomenology, relativity theory, philosophy of space and time, metaphysics, and philosophy of religion. The Tenseless Theory of Time sets out to discover whether the ineliminability of tense from language and our experience of tense warrants a belief in its objective ontological status, or whether the defeaters raised by McTaggart's paradox and the Myth of Passage serve to undermine any warrant that the tensed theory of time may be supposed to enjoy
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  • 86
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    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401594943
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 230 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archives Internationales D’histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 172
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 172
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy. ; History ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: This book provides a uniquely detailed case study of the origins of millenarianism within the vast opera of one of its earliest and most influential Calvinist exponents: the Herborn encyclopedist Johann Heinrich Alsted (1588-1638). The young Alsted, it emerges, looked forward not to the millennium of Apocalypse 20 but to a brief, final period of enhanced illumination described in a poorly understood central European tradition of astrological, alchemical, spiritualist, and generally `occult' prophetic speculation. It was the disasters following the Bohemian Revolt of 1618 which forced Alsted to recast these expectations as the more exclusively scriptural expectation of a literal millennium; and the material for this revision was found in a protracted dispute over the millennium between senior theologians in Herborn and Heidelberg and a little-known work on the conversion of the Jews by one of the figures most probably behind the composition of the Rosicrucian manifestos. Based on study of the full range of Alsted's works, his diverse sources, and widely dispersed manuscript material, the result is the first English book on 17th-century continental millenarianism and the first monograph in any language exclusively devoted to the origins of the doctrine within mainstream Protestantism
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  • 87
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401734158
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 386 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 66
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of nature ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Life appears ungraspable, yet its understanding lies at the heart of current preoccupations. In our attempt to understand life through its origins, the ambition of the present collection is to unravel the network of the origin of the various spheres of sense that carry it onwards. The primogenital matrix of generation (Tymieniecka), elaborated as the fulcrum of this collection, elucidates the main riddles of the scientific / philosophical controversies concerning the status of various spheres that seek to make sense of life
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  • 88
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401594448
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 181 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophical Studies in Contemporary Culture 7
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Fine arts. ; Political philosophy. ; Aesthetics ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy. ; Arts. ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This book offers a comprehensive and novel argument in favor of subsidizing the arts. For readers already in favor of subsidy, the book offers a distinctly political rationale for government support: engaging the arts helps develop the intellectual faculties of judgment. By appealing to art's instrumental ability to educate democratic citizens, the book avoids the most common criticisms of subsidy, namely that it is elitist and paternalistic. For those who oppose subsidy or are undecided, the book injects new ideas into the debate and maps arts subsidy onto the larger landscape of political liberalism. Yet, while using political liberalism as its point of departure, the book's positive argument for subsidy draws on numerous philosophical traditions, including continental philosophy and the philosophy of art. This multi-disciplinary approach gives the book a comprehensiveness not found in purely analytical treatments of the topic. The book is accessible, and should serve a variety of readers, including political philosophers, philosophers of art, art historians, policy makers, and practising artists interested in the subsidy issue
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  • 89
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401594424
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 244 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Origins, Studies in the sources of scientific creativity 1
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; History ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: There is currently no general, encompassing theory of metaphor and analogy, largely due to the many types of contexts in which metaphor and analogy occur, and to the many functions they serve. This collection of papers contains historical case studies, systematic contributions of a general nature, and applications to specific sciences. The bibliographies of the contributions contain references to all central items from the traditions that are relevant today. While providing access to contemporary views on the issue, the papers illustrate the wide variety of functions of metaphors and analogies, as well as the many connections between the study of some of these functions and other subjects and disciplines. The reader is confronted with the provisional and problematic aspects, the specificity of the problems, the specific constraints on their solution, and more. All papers present results from active research. Several of them open up new lines of research
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  • 90
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401595049
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 206 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 65
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Kurzfassung: Robert E. Butts (1928-1997) was a philosopher and historian of science whose central concerns were the distinction between the rational and the irrational. He viewed scientific rationality as our major defence against the various conditions that encourage witch hunts and similar outbursts of irrationality, with all their attendant pain and terror. Butts saw himself as a pragmatic realist, combining what he took to be the best aspects of logical empiricism with a historically informed pragmatism, deeply appreciative of the methods of science, trying to describe a kind of rationality essential in the struggle to preserve human values. This volume gathers previously unpublished essays and lectures with some previously published, thematically related essays. It includes essays and lectures on philosophical aspects of the European witch hunt, on scientific rationality and methodology, and on the relationships between science and philosophy exhibited in the writings of such historically significant figures as Leibniz, D'Alembert, Hume, Kant, Carnap and Kuhn
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  • 91
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401732345
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 326 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 65
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Fine arts. ; Aesthetics ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy. ; Arts.
    Kurzfassung: Let us revive the true sense of fine arts: enchantment! In the conceptualised, commercialised, artificial approach to fine arts, we forgot its authentic experiential sense. It lies at the imaginative heart of all arts there to be retrieved by the creative recipient as the very 'truth of it all'
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  • 92
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401593458
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 294 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 293
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The central question in the philosophy of time is whether time is tensed or tenseless, viz., whether the moments of time are objectively past, present or future, or whether they are ordered merely by the tenseless temporal relations earlier than, simultaneous with, and later than. In this book and the companion volume The Tenseless Theory of Time: A Critical Examination, Craig undertakes the first thorough appraisal of the arguments for and against the tensed and tenseless theories of time. The discussions range widely over issues in the philosophy of language, phenomenology, relativity theory, philosophy of space and time, metaphysics, and philosophy of religion. The Tensed Theory of Time sets out to discover whether the ineliminability of tense from language and our experience of tense warrants a belief in its objective ontological status, or whether the defeaters raised by McTaggart's paradox and the Myth of Passage serve to undermine any warrant that the tensed theory of time may be supposed to enjoy
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  • 93
    ISBN: 9789401594646
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 232 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 171
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 171
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Medicine ; Chemistry ; History ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; Medicine—History.
    Kurzfassung: In Elements, Principles and Particles, Antonio Clericuzio explores the relationships between chemistry and corpuscular philosophy in the age of the Scientific Revolution. Science historians have regarded chemistry and corpuscular philosophy as two distinct traditions. Clericuzio's view is that since the beginning of the 17th century atomism and chemistry were strictly connected. This is attested by Daniel Sennert and by many hitherto little-known French and English natural philosophers. They often combined a corpuscular theory of matter with Paracelsian chemical (and medical) doctrines. Boyle plays a central part in the present book: Clericuzio redefines Boyle's chemical views, by showing that Boyle did not subordinate chemistry to the principles of mechanical philosophy. When Boyle explained chemical phenomena, he had recourse to corpuscles endowed with chemical, not mechanical, properties. The combination of chemistry and corpuscular philosophy was adopted by a number of chemists active in the last decades of the 17th century, both in England and on the Continent. Using a large number of primary sources, the author challenges the standard view of the corpuscular theory of matter as identical with the mechanical philosophy. He points out that different versions of the corpuscular philosophy flourished in the 17th century. Most of them were not based on the mechanical theory, i.e. on the view that matter is inert and has only mechanical properties. Throughout the 17th century, active principles, as well as chemical properties, are attributed to corpuscles. Given its broad coverage, the book is a significant contribution to both history of science and history of philosophy
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  • 94
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401594882
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 311 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 40
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of nature ; Philosophy of mind. ; Self.
    Kurzfassung: This volume is the first collection of original essays on the related issues of gender and feminism approached phenomenologically. Lived experience is gendered and especially women's experiences are not well reflected in ordinary language. To understand them, one must go beyond analyzing language and to the matters of gendered human life itself. The essays in this volume advance this investigation
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  • 95
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401090360
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (316p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 214
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 214
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy of nature ; Philosophy. ; Technology—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Science is a multifaceted, natural and historical phenomenon. It consists of five elements, that is, it happens in five distinct media: biological, linguistic, technological, social, and historical. None of these alone provides an indubitable basis for the truth of scientific knowledge, but combined together they compose a solid ground for our trust in its reliability. The composition, however, is uniquely related to our modern mode of living. Science did not exist before modernity, and it will cease to exist in this form if our way of life should change. The book presents a thorough analysis of all these dimensions and their relations, and thus lays the path for an integral theory of science. Because of this it can be used as a textbook for general courses in the theory of science at both the undergraduate and graduate level
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  • 96
    ISBN: 9789401008723
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIII, 232 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Philosophy and Religion 21
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; Epistemology. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: The Apologetic Value of Human Holiness begins by providing the first comprehensive account of the model of human holiness developed by the leading theologian Hans Urs von Balthasar. In so doing, the book also provides the first detailed explication of his Christocentric philosophical anthropology. Part 2 argues that von Balthasar anticipates some key developments in late twentieth-century Anglo-American analytical philosophy, and that certain of these developments - in particular, the `internal realism' of Hilary Putnam - provide powerful support for von Balthasar's theological philosophy. The final part elucidates von Balthasar's core intuition that human holiness is of immense apologetic value for religious faith, and concludes with a new, `internalist' theory of religious pluralism. The Apologetic Value of Human Holiness will be seen as an important and original contribution to both Philosophy of Religion and Theology, and is likely to prove essential reading in upper-level undergraduate and postgraduate courses in both subjects
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  • 97
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401593816
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 230 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 212
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 212
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Morphology (Animals) ; Evolutionary biology. ; Animal anatomy. ; Evolution (Biology) ; History ; Anatomy, Comparative.
    Kurzfassung: Elie Metchnikoff (1845-1916), winner of the Nobel Prize in 1907 for his contributions to immunology, was first a comparative zoologist, who, working in the wake of Darwin's On the Origin of Species, made seminal contributions to evolutionary biology. His work in comparative embryology is best known in regard to the debates with Ernst Haeckel concerning animal genealogical relationships and the theoretical origins of metazoans. But independent of those polemics, Metchnikoff developed his `phagocytosis theory' of immunity as a result of his early comparative embryology research, and only in examining the full breadth of his work do we appreciate his signal originality. Metchnikoff's scientific papers have remained largely untranslated into English. Assembled here, annotated and edited, are the key evolutionary biology papers dating from Metchnikoff's earliest writings (1865) to the texts of his mature period of the 1890s, which will serve as an invaluable resource for those interested in the historical development of evolutionary biology
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  • 98
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401595285
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 323 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 4
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Observations, Astronomical. ; History ; Astronomy—Observations.
    Kurzfassung: Eclipses have long been seen as important celestial phenomena, whether as omens affecting the future of kingdoms, or as useful astronomical events to help in deriving essential parameters for theories of the motion of the moon and sun. This is the first book to collect together all presently known records of timed eclipse observations and predictions from antiquity to the time of the invention of the telescope. In addition to cataloguing and assessing the accuracy of the various records, which come from regions as diverse as Ancient Mesopotamia, China, and Europe, the sources in which they are found are described in detail. Related questions such as what type of clocks were used to time the observations, how the eclipse predictions were made, and how these prediction schemes were derived from the available observations are also considered. The results of this investigation have important consequences for how we understand the relationship between observation and theory in early science and the role of astronomy in early cultures, and will be of interest to historians of science, astronomers, and ancient and medieval historians
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  • 99
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401596183
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 322 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics 24
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    Schlagwort(e): Linguistics ; Humanities ; Computational linguistics ; Psycholinguistics
    Kurzfassung: The German language offers a variety of possibilities for asking and answering new questions in psycholinguistic sentence comprehension research. The collection of papers in this volume contributes to the increasingly relevant crosslinguistic comparison of mechanisms of human sentence processing. The topics covered are incremental structure assembly, on-line ambiguity resolution, and phonological, contextual, and working memory aspects of reanalysis. The new theoretical and experimental insights presented in this volume should be of great interest to linguists and psychologists working on human language comprehension. The introductory information provided by the authors makes the volume easily accessible to advanced students
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  • 100
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    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401140706
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XV, 200 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 169
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 169
    Serie: Springer eBook Collection
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; History
    Kurzfassung: A distinguished group of international scholars from the disciplines of history, philosophy, literature and art history offer a reconsideration of the ideas and the impact of the abbé Henri Grégoire, one of the most important figures of the French Revolution and a contributor to the campaigns for Jewish emancipation, rights for blacks, the reform of the Catholic Church and many other causes
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