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  • 2005-2009  (3,030)
  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank  (1,439)
  • Boston, MA : Safari  (1,096)
  • Oxford : Oxford University Press
Datasource
Material
Language
Years
Year
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
Subjects(RVK)
  • 1
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    The American historical review (from 1895-)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Macmillan | Washington DC [u.a.] : Assoc. | Chicago, Ill. : Univ. of Chicago Press | Oxford : Oxford University Press ; 1.1895/96 -
    Show associated volumes/articles
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-8762 , 1937-5239 , 1937-5239
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1895/96 -
    Additional Information: Beil. American Historical Association Recently published articles
    Additional Information: Index 1895/1945=1944,1 von American Historical Association Annual report of the American Historical Association
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. The American historical review
    RVK:
    NA 1000
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Weltgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; USA ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Repr.: Nendeln : Kraus
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    Journal/Serial
    HeBIS
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    German history : the journal of the German History Society (1984-)
    London : Arnold | [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Sage | Oxford : Oxford University Press ; 1.1984 -
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    Details
    ISSN: 1477-089X , 0266-3554 , 0266-3554
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1984 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als German history
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Geschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Deutschland ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation
    Note: Gesehen am 01. Februar 2017
    URL: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?db=30h&jid=%2231M%22&scope=site
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/gh/issue
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/gh/issue
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqm&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=journal&req_dat=xri:pqil:&svc_dat=xri:pqil:context=title&rft_dat=xri:pqd:PMID=1819272
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/gh/issue
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?1484879-X
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/gh/issue
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    HeBIS
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The English historical review (1886-)
    London : Longmans, Green and Co. | Oxford : Oxford University Press ; 1.1886 -
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    Details
    ISSN: 1477-4534 , 0013-8266 , 0013-8266
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1886 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The English historical review
    Former Title: The english historical review online
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Großbritannien ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation
    Note: Gesehen am 01.04.13
    URL: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?db=30h&jid=%22EHR%22&scope=site
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/ehr/issue/
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/ehr/issue/
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/ehr/issue
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/englhistrevi
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/englhistrevi
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/englhistrevi
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2059456-2
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/ehr/issue
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/englhistrevi
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    HeBIS
  • 4
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Journal of social history, societies & cultures (from 2006-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Fairfax, Va. : George Mason Univ. ; 40.2006/07 -
    Show associated volumes/articles
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-4529 , ISSN 1527-1897
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 40.2006/07 -
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Journal of social history
    Former Title: Vorg. Journal of social history
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Sozialgeschichte
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    Journal/Serial
    KOBV
  • 5
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Journal of social history, societies & cultures (from 2006-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Fairfax, Va. : George Mason Univ. ; 40.2006/07 -
    Show associated volumes/articles
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-4529 , 1527-1897
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 40.2006/07 -
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Journal of social history
    Former Title: Vorg. Journal of social history
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Sozialgeschichte
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    Journal/Serial
    BSZ
    GBV
  • 6
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Hull monographs on South-East Asia (from 1968-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Zug : Inter Documentation Co. | London : Oxford University Press ; 1.1968 -
    Details
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1968 -
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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    Journal/Serial
    Weltkulturen Museum
    BSZ
    GBV
  • 7
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Journal of social history, societies & cultures (from 2006-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Fairfax, Va. : George Mason Univ. ; 40.2006/07 -
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-4529 , 1527-1897
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 40.2006/07 -
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Journal of social history
    Former Title: Vorg.: Journal of social history
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Sozialgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Sozialgeschichte ; Zeitschrift
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Journal/Serial
    HeBIS
    HBZ
  • 8
    Book
    Book
    The organization in its environment (1987-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Language: English
    Series Statement: Oxford books for BTEC national awards
    DDC: 302.35024658
    Keywords: Organization
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Book
    GBV
  • 9
    Book
    Book
    The Oxford handbook of new religious movements (2004-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
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    Details
    Language: English
    Series Statement: Oxford handbooks in religion and theology
    Keywords: Cults ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Neue Religion
    Note: Band 2 herausgegeben von James R. Lewis und Inga B. Tøllefsen , Teilweise mit dem Gesamttitel Oxford handbooks in religion and theology erschienen
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Book
    MPI-MMG
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 10
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    The shape of the world : explorations in human geography (from 1995-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Milton Keynes : open University ; 1.1995 -
    Details
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1995 -
    DDC: 910
    RVK:
    RB 10558
    RVK:
    QT 200
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Journal/Serial
    MPI-MMG
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 11
    Media Combination
    Media Combination
    Fast forward advanced (1991-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
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    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Medienkombination
    Series Statement: Oxford intensive English courses
    DDC: 428.24
    Keywords: English language
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    Media Combination
  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Social politics : international studies in gender, state, and society (1994-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press ; 1.1994 -
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    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2893 , 1072-4745 , 1072-4745
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1994 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Social politics
    Keywords: Sozialpolitik ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation
    URL: https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/234
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/sp/issue
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/sp/issue
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/sp/issue
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/sp/issue
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/234
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2085321-X
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    HeBIS
  • 13
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    The American historical review (from 1895-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | New York, NY [u.a.] : Macmillan | Washington DC [u.a.] : Assoc. | Chicago, Ill. : Univ. of Chicago Press ; 1.1895/96 -
    Show associated volumes/articles
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-8762 , 1937-5239 , 1937-5239
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1895/96 -
    Additional Information: Beil. American Historical Association Recently published articles
    Additional Information: Index 1895/1945=1944,1 von American Historical Association Annual report of the American Historical Association Washington, DC : Smithsonian Inst. Press, 1889 0065-8561
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The American historical review
    DDC: 050
    RVK:
    NA 1000
    Keywords: History Periodicals ; United States Periodicals History ; Zeitschrift ; Weltgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; USA ; Geschichte ; Amerika ; Geschichte
    Note: Repr.: Nendeln : Kraus
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Journal/Serial
    BSZ
    GBV
  • 14
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    International affairs (from 1931-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Oxford : Oxford Univ. Press | Guildford : Butterworth | Cambridge : Cambridge Univ. Press | Oxford : Blackwell | Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell ; 10.1931 -
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-5850 , 1468-2346 , 1468-2346
    Language: English
    Pages: 25 cm
    Dates of Publication: 10.1931 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als International affairs
    Former Title: Vorg. Royal Institute of International Affairs Journal of the Royal Institute of International Affairs
    Former Title: International affairs review supplement
    DDC: 320
    RVK:
    PR 1000
    RVK:
    MA 1000
    Keywords: Internationale Beziehungen ; Welt ; Zeitschrift ; Internationale Politik
    Note: Repr.: Folkestone : Dawson , Beteil. Körp. 10.1931 - 80.2004,4: Royal Institute of International Affairs, London , Ersch. zweimonatl., bis 78.2002 vierteljährl.; 79.2003 - 81.2005 5x jährl.
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Journal/Serial
    DNB
    HU Berlin
    MPI-MMG
  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Journal of refugee studies (1988-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press ; 1.1988 -
    Show associated volumes/articles
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-6925 , 0951-6328 , 0951-6328
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1988 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Journal of refugee studies
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Flüchtling
    Note: Gesehen am 31.01.05
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2050042-7
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/jrs/issue
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: http://heinonline.org
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    MPI-MMG
  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Journal of social history (1967-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Pittsburgh, Pa. : Carnegie Mellon Univ. Press ; 1.1967/68 -
    Details
    ISSN: 1527-1897 , 0022-4529 , 0022-4529
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1967/68 -
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. 1.1967/68 - 39.2005/06 Journal of social history
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. ab 40.2006/07 Journal of social history, societies & cultures
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Sozialgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Sozialgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation ; Zeitschrift ; Sozialgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Sozialgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation
    Note: Gesehen am 19.03.15
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/jsh/issue
    URL: https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/103
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/jsocialhistoryy
    URL: http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2007084
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/jsh/issue
    URL: https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/103
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqm&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=journal&req_dat=xri:pqil:&svc_dat=xri:pqil:context=title&rft_dat=xri:pqd:PMID=1818318
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/jsocialhistoryy
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2007084-6
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/jsh/issue
    URL: https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/103
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/jsocialhistoryy
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2007084-6
    URL: https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/103
    URL: https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/103
    URL: http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?db=30h&jid=%22JSH%22&scope=site
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/jsh/issue
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/jsh/issue
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqm&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=journal&req_dat=xri:pqil:&svc_dat=xri:pqil:context=title&rft_dat=xri:pqd:PMID=1818318
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/jsh/issue
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/jsocialhistory
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/jsocialhistoryy
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/jsocialhistory
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/jsh/issue
    URL: https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/103
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/jsocialhistoryy
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2007084-6
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/jsh/issue
    URL: https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/103
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/jsocialhistoryy
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2007084-6
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    Online Resource
    BSZ
    GBV
    KOBV
    HeBIS
    HBZ
  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Journal of American history (1964-)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Bloomington, Ind. : OAH ; 51.1964/65 -
    Details
    ISSN: 1945-2314 , 0021-8723
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 51.1964/65 -
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. The journal of American history
    Former Title: Vorg.: Mississippi Valley historical review
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Geschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; USA ; USA ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; USA ; Geschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; USA ; Geschichte ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Gesehen am 19.02.2021
    URL: http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2002867
    URL: http://www.journalofamericanhistory.org/issues/
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/jah/issue
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/jamericanhistory
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2002867-2
    URL: http://www.journalofamericanhistory.org/issues/
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/jah/issue
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/jamericanhistory
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2002867-2
    URL: http://www.journalofamericanhistory.org/issues/
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/jah/issue
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/jamericanhistory
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2002867-2
    URL: http://www.journalofamericanhistory.org/issues/
    URL: https://academic.oup.com/jah/issue
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/jamericanhistory
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    BSZ
    GBV
    KOBV
    HeBIS
    HBZ
  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Adolescents and war : how youth deal with political violence (2009)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780199894116
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 332 p) , ill
    Parallel Title: Print version
    DDC: 303.60835
    Keywords: Political violence Psychological aspects ; Youth and war Psychological aspects ; Violence Psychological aspects ; Youth and violence Psychological aspects ; War Psychological aspects
    Abstract: Experts aim to understand and document the intricacies of youth who have been involved in political violence. They argue that the assumption that youth are automatically debilitated by this violence is too simplistic: effective care must include an awareness of motives and beliefs, roles they played in the conflict, relationships, etc
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195343359.001.0001
    URL: Volltext
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    Online Resource
    GBV
  • 19
    Book
    Book
    The Oxford illustrated companion to South Indian classical music (2009)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780195699982
    Language: English
    Pages: xxiii, 517 Seiten , Illustrationen, Notenbeispiele
    RVK:
    LS 39000
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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    Book
    HeBIS
  • 20
    E-Resource
    E-Resource
    Global justice : a cosmopolitan account (2009)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780199230945 , 9780199230938 , 9786611930844 (Sekundärausgabe)
    Language: English
    Pages: XVI, 366 S.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Ann Arbor, Michigan Proquest 2009 Online-Ressource ISBN 9786611930844
    Edition: ISBN (falsch) 9780191552311
    Edition: [Online-Ausg.]
    DDC: 306.3
    RVK:
    CC 7700
    RVK:
    MS 1290
    RVK:
    MS 1170
    Keywords: Gerechtigkeit ; Globalisierung ; Ethik
    Note: Online-Ausg.:
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    E-Resource
    HeBIS
  • 21
    Book
    Book
    Networks of innovation : change and meaning in the age of the Internet (2009)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780199269051 , 019926905X
    Language: English
    Pages: 251 S. , graph. Darst.
    Edition: Repr.
    DDC: 303.4833
    Keywords: Technological innovations ; Internet
    Note: Includes index. - Bibliography. - Originally published: 2002
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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    Book
    HBZ
  • 22
    Book
    Book
    Pañcatantra : the book of India's folk wisdom (2009)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 0199555753 , 9780199555758
    Language: English
    Pages: LII, 195 S. , 20 cm
    Edition: Reissued
    Series Statement: Oxford world's classics
    DDC: 398.24520954
    Note: 1e dr.: 1997
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    Book
    HeBIS
  • 23
    Book
    Book
    A field guide to the mammals of Central America & Southeast Mexico (2009)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780195343229 , 0195343220 , 9780195343236 , 0195343239
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: XVII, 1-206, 52, 207- 346 S. , Ill., Kt. , 24 cm
    Edition: 2. ed.
    DDC: 599.0972
    RVK:
    WS 5272
    Keywords: Mammals ; Central America ; Mammals ; Mexico ; Zoological illustration ; Mammals in art
    Note: Formerly CIP Uk. - Includes bibliographical references (p. 313-332) and indexes
    URL: http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0824/2008033417.html
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    Book
    Weltkulturen Museum
    BSZ
  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The handbook of rational and social choice : an overview of new foundations and applications (2009)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780199290420 , 9780191710506 (Sekundärausgabe)
    Language: English
    Pages: ix, 581 p. , Ill.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource ISBN 9780191710506
    Edition: [Online-Ausg.]
    DDC: 302.13
    RVK:
    QC 010
    RVK:
    QC 160
    Keywords: Entscheidungstheorie ; Kollektiventscheidung ; Wohlfahrtstheorie ; Rational Choice
    Abstract: This volume provides an overview of issues arising in work on the foundations of decision theory & social choice. The collection will be of value to researchers in economics with interests in utility or welfare, but also to any social scientist or philosopher interested in theories of rationality or group decision-making.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Online-Ausg.:
    DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199290420.001.0001
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199290420.001.0001
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    Online Resource
    HeBIS
  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Family business : litigation and the political economies of daily life in early modern France (2009)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780199558070 , 9780191721038 (Sekundärausgabe)
    Language: English
    Pages: viii, 257 p.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource ISBN 9780191721038
    Edition: [Online-Ausg.]
    DDC: 306.85094409032
    RVK:
    NW 7700
    Keywords: Geschichte 1600-1700 ; Familienbetrieb ; Frankreich
    Abstract: In 17th-century France, families were essential in the shaping of capitalism and the process of state formation. Exploring civil lawsuits in French cities, 'Family Business' reveals the part that the management of everyday difficulties, in court and out, played in these wider phenomena.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Online-Ausg.:
    DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199558070.001.0001
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199558070.001.0001
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    BSZ
    GBV
    KOBV
    HeBIS
  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Divine discontent : the religious imagination of W.E.B. Du Bois (2009)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 019973660X , 9780199736607
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (vi, 183 p)
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Parallel Title: Print version Divine discontent
    DDC: 303.48/4092
    Keywords: Du Bois, W. E. B Religion ; Natural theology ; African Americans Religion ; Race relations Religious aspects ; Christianity ; Pragmatism ; Naturalism Religious aspects ; African Americans ; Religion ; Du Bois, W. E. B ; (William Edward Burghardt) ; 1868-1963 ; Religion ; Natural theology ; Naturalism ; Religious aspects ; Pragmatism ; Race relations ; Religious aspects ; Christianity ; United States ; Race relations ; Electronic books ; United States Race relations
    Abstract: W. E. B. Du Bois is an improbable candidate for a project in religion. His skepticism of and, even, hostility toward religion is readily established and canonically accepted. Indeed, he spent his career rejecting normative religious commitments to institutions and supernatural beliefs. In this book, Jonathon Kahn offers a fresh and controversial reading of Du Bois that seeks to overturn this view. Kahn contends that the standard treatment of Du Bois turns a deaf ear to his writings. For if we're open to their religious timbre, those writings-from his epoch-making The Souls of Black Folk to his unstudied series of parables that depict the lynching of an African American Christ-reveal a virtual obsession with religion. Du Bois's antimetaphysical religious voice, he argues, places him firmly in the American tradition of pragmatic religious naturalism typified by William James. This innovative reading of Du Bois should appeal to scholars of American religion, intellectual history, African American Studies, and philosophy of religion.
    Abstract: Cover -- Contents -- Introduction: Divine Discontent as Religious Faith -- 1. What Is Pragmatic Religious Naturalism, and What Does It Have to Do with Du Bois? -- 2. Pragmatic Religious Naturalism and the Binding of The Souls of Black Folk -- 3. "Love for These People": Racial Piety as Religious Devotion -- 4. Rewriting the American Jeremiad: On Pluralism, Black Nationalism, and a New America -- 5. "Behold the Sign of Salvation-A Noosed Rope": The Promise and Perils of Du Bois's Economies of Sacrifice -- Conclusion: Beyond Du Bois: Toward a Tradition of African American Pragmatic Religious Naturalism -- Notes -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- V -- W -- Z.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction : Divine discontent as religious faithWhat is pragmatic religious naturalism, and what does it have to do with Du Bois? -- Pragmatic religious naturalism and the binding of The souls of Black folk -- "Love for these people" : racial piety as religious devotion -- Rewriting the American jeremiad : on pluralism, Black nationalism, and a new America -- "Behold the sign of salvation-a noosed rope" : the promise and perils of Du Bois's economies of sacrifice -- Conclusion : Beyond Du Bois : toward a tradition of African American pragmatic religious naturalism.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. [137]-178) and index
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    Moldova : Policy Notes for the Government (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This set of policy notes is intended to provide suggestions to the new Government on policy actions for addressing the various economic and social challenges that Moldova faces. Economic and social policy issues are the focus of this document. The notes have been prepared in the context of the current economic crisis, with short-term priorities and suggestions for immediate policy actions highlighted. This guidance for responding to the current crisis is followed by a medium-term agenda, which outlines possible policy measures for the longer term to promote and support sustainable development. However, it must be noted, that acting on these policy notes effectively will only be possible in a political climate of consensus in which the wounds left by the post-election conflict are allowed to heal. This will need reaffirmation of Moldova's citizens' basic human and civil rights. However, the global economic crisis has significantly clouded Moldova's immediate outlook. In addition, due to the global economic crisis, the economy of the Transnistria region has collapsed. Russia is now paying the civil service wage bill and pensions. An important contribution to the reintegration of the region would be for the Government of Moldova to assist in mitigating the impact of the crisis on the poor in Transnistria
    DOI: 10.1596/28118
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    Scaling up Local and Community Driven Development : A Real World Guide to Its Theory and Practice (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Local and Community Driven Development (LCDD) is an approach that gives control of development decisions and resources to community groups and representative local governments. Poor communities receive funds, decide on their use, plan and execute the chosen local projects, and monitor the provision of services that result from it. It improves not just incomes but people's empowerment and governance capacity, the lack of which is a form of poverty as well. LCDD operations have demonstrated effectiveness at delivering results and have received substantial support from the World Bank. Since the start of this decade, our lending for LCDD has averaged around US
    DOI: 10.1596/28252
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    Leveraging ICT for Growth and Competition in Bangladesh : IT/ITES Industry Development (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The objective of this study is to assist Bangladesh in becoming a viable player in the IT/ITES industry in five years by identifying the strategies, programs and investments needed in order for the country to leverage ICT for economic growth and competitiveness, as well as for social development by increasing gender equality and youth employment. Why is it important for Bangladesh to concentrate its efforts in developing the IT/ITES industry? First of all, industry development is aligned with many of the goals for Digital Bangladesh as described in the manifesto, including development of software exports, IT parks, youth employment, etc. Secondly, the global IT/ITES is too large to be ignored - leaving a significant untapped market for which many countries are competing. Beyond direct economic benefits, IT/ITES growth can generate large-scale employment. India and the Philippines are established competitors while China, Vietnam, Sri Lanka and Pakistan are emerging as new threats. To-date, the IT/ITES industry development activities in Bangladesh, while not without its successes, generally lacks widely accepted, centralized leadership or focus. This must change if Bangladesh is going to mount serious competition for an increase in market share
    DOI: 10.1596/28249
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    Determinants of Farm Policies in the United States, 1996-2008 (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
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    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This paper focuses on the political economy of United States (U.S.) farm policy since the Uruguay round trade negotiations concluded in 1994 and established the World Trade Organization (WTO). The continued ability of the powerful farm lobby in the U.S. to elicit support in the political arena is evident from this analysis. Yet there have been some substantial changes in policy that have reduced their distortionary effects, as well as some setbacks to liberalizing reform. New Doha round commitments could put further constraints on subsidies provided by some U.S. policy instruments. And despite the ability of the farm lobby to retain its support programs through 2012, there are several political uncertainties about the alignments that have allowed U.S. farm support to endure
    DOI: 10.1596/28160
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    Supply Chain Security Guide (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
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    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Transport Papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: A supply chain is a system of resources, organizations, people, technologies, activities and information involved in the act of transporting goods from producer to consumer and user. This (SCS) guide is intended for trade and transport government officials, port authorities and transport, cargo and logistics communities, in particular in developing countries. The purpose of the guide is to make concerned trade and transport-related officials, managers and personnel in developing countries acquainted with, and aware of, the many initiatives mushrooming in the field of supply chain security, what these will mean for their respective organizations, and how to tackle the inlaid challenges. This chapter attempts to clarify the background and current status of the multitude of programs that exist across the world today. This is achieved by, firstly, giving a brief account of the changing security environment (post 9/11) and its resulting implications for SCS programs. This is important as it helps to explain the motivation of the programs which are later expanded upon in more detail within the chapter. Within this section, the motivations for different types of programs, not directly linked to the events of 9/11 but to other reasons, such as combating illegal activities, enhancement of efficiency and standardization are also explained. Secondly, a list of the main programs is present under four main subheadings: compulsory programs, major voluntary programs, regional or national programs, and others. Tables are presented at the end of the section summarizing the main points of each program. Finally, some of the issues surrounding the programs are presented in the concluding section
    DOI: 10.1596/28128
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    Political Economy of Agricultural Trade Interventions in Africa (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
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    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This paper uses new data on agricultural policy interventions to examine the political economy of agricultural trade policies in Sub-Saharan Africa. Historically, African governments have discriminated against agricultural producers in general (relative to producers in non-agricultural sectors), and against producers of export agriculture in particular. While more moderate in recent years, these patterns of discrimination persist. They do so even though farmers comprise a political majority. Rather than claiming the existence of a single best approach to the analysis of policy choice, the authors explore the impact of three factors: institutions, regional inequality, and tax revenue-generation. The authors find that agricultural taxation increases with the rural population share in the absence of electoral party competition; yet, the existence of party competition turns the lobbying disadvantage of the rural majority into political advantage. The authors also find that privileged cash crop regions are particular targets for redistributive taxation, unless the country's president comes from that region. In addition, governments of resource-rich countries, while continuing to tax export producers, reduce their taxation of food consumers
    DOI: 10.1596/28166
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    Financing Public Infrastructure in Sub-Saharan Africa : Patterns and Emerging Issues, Cross-Country Annex (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
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    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Recent Economic Development in Infrastructure
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: To be credible, any plan for scaling up infrastructure in Africa must rest on a thorough evaluation of how fiscal resources are allocated and financed. Because in every plausible scenario the public sector retains the lion's share of infrastructure financing, with private participation remaining limited, a central purpose of such an evaluation is to identify where and how fiscal resources can be better used if not increased without jeopardizing macroeconomic and fiscal stability. The stakes are high, because the magnitude of Africa's infrastructure needs carries a commensurate potential for misuse of scarce fiscal resources. The authors analyze recent public expenditure patterns to identify ways to make more fiscal resources available for infrastructure. The authors do this in three ways. First, we quantify the level and composition of public spending on infrastructure so as to match fiscal allocations to the particular characteristics of individual subsectors and to countries' macroeconomic type (low-income fragile, low-income no fragile, oil-exporting, and middle-income). Second, the authors evaluate public budgetary spending for infrastructure against macroeconomic conditions to get a sense of the scope for making additional fiscal resources available based on actual allocation decisions in recent years. And, third, the authors look for ways to make public spending for infrastructure more efficient, so as to better use existing resources. Any exercise of this kind encounters data limitations. First, because it was not feasible to visit all sub national entities, some decentralized infrastructure expenditures probably have been underrepresented, with particular implications for the water sector. Second, it was not always possible to fully identify which items of the budget are financed by donors, and contributions by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to rural infrastructure projects are likely to have been missed completely. Third, it was not always possible to obtain full financial statements for all of the infrastructure special funds that the authors identified. Fourth, accurate recording of annual changes in fixed capital formation (capital expenditure) of State-owned enterprises (SOEs) remains a methodological challenge. Fifth, accurate measurement of existing public infrastructure stock will require further methodological development
    DOI: 10.1596/28237
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    Welfare- and Trade-Based Indicators of National Distortions to Agricultural Incentives (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
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    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Despite reforms over the past quarter-century, world agricultural markets remain highly distorted by government policies. Traditional indicators of those price distortions such as the nominal rate of assistance and consumer tax equivalent provide measures of the degree of intervention, but they can be misleading as indicators of the true effects of those policies. By drawing on recent theoretical literature that provides indicators of the trade- and welfare-reducing effects of price and trade policies, this paper develops more-satisfactory indexes for capturing distortions to agricultural incentives. It then exploits the agricultural distortion database recently compiled by the World Bank to generate estimates of them for both developing and high-income countries over the past half century, based on a sample of 75 countries that together account for all but one-tenth of the world's population, gross domestic product (GDP) and agricultural production. While they are still only partial equilibrium measures, they provide a much better approximation of the true trade and welfare effects of sectoral policies without needing a formal model of global markets or even price elasticity estimates
    DOI: 10.1596/28180
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    The Status and Progress of Women in the Middle East and North Africa (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Women in Development and Gender Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Over the years, the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) social and economic development group has regularly compiled briefs on the status and progress of women in the region for internal and external use. This is the third compendium and its content is drawn from existing data banks, records, statistics, and sources found in the public domain. The compendium includes a regional gender overview, country gender profiles covering all MENA countries, individual country gender briefs for Djibouti, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Syrian Arab Republic, West Bank and Gaza, and the Republic of Yemen. In addition, the compendium provides information on research carried out in the area of gender and transport as there is an increased interest in the role of infrastructure in women's economic empowerment, as well as research on attitudes regarding gender roles based on the world values survey
    DOI: 10.1596/28425
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    Palestinian Economic Prospects : Gaza Recovery and West Bank Revival (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
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    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: In its report to the September 22, 2008 meeting of the Ad Hoc Liaison Committee (AHLC), the World Bank noted that the Palestinian Authority (PA), Israel, and the international donor community made some progress on the three parallel conditions for Palestinian economic revival, albeit to different degrees. The report notes the dramatic impact of Israel s recent three-week offensive in Gaza and analyzes the variety of recovery and reconstruction schemes being explored by the donor community. We find that these have not yet led to any significant impact on the ground due to the continued closure imposed on Gaza. The devastation in Gaza, coupled with a fluid political environment in both the PA and Israel, has made it necessary for this report to revisit the fundamentals of donor support to the PA in view of the long-term goal of establishing an economically viable Palestinian state independent of external aid. Examination through this lens reveals a fundamentally flawed picture
    DOI: 10.1596/28091
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    Review of Denmark's Program for Better Business Regulation (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
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    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The report is organized as follows: the executive summary (I) pulls together all major conclusions and recommendations of the report. The following five sections then focus on key requirements of any successful regulatory reform program: (II) business regulation policy, (III) measurements and Targets, (IV) organization and procedures, (V) incentives for reform, and (VI) communication of results. Sections I-VI focuses on regulatory reform impacting directly on the private sector. The final section (VII) broadens the discussion and highlights potential benefits of further consolidating and integrating other regulatory reform efforts into a broader and coherent policy for regulatory quality and reform. Two annexes provide more details on two aspects of particular importance for the Danish regulatory reform program after 2010: measuring broader impacts of existing regulation, and regulatory advisory bodies
    DOI: 10.1596/28070
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    Lessons for Reformers : How to Launch, Implement, and Sustain Regulatory Reform (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
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    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This paper focuses on core aspects of the political economy of reform, drawing on case studies of three economies transitioning to stronger business environments (Hungary, the Republic of Korea, and Mexico) and three countries with well-developed business environments (Australia, Italy, and the United Kingdom). The purpose is threefold: first, to identify so-called drivers of reform among successfully reforming countries; second, to explore how a reform strategy can make optimal use of the opportunities provided by the drivers of change; and third; to suggest how these lessons can be proactively used by other reformers to design and guide reforms. The case study findings suggest that, regardless of the content of reform, success is influenced by an evolving mix of seven drivers of change: i) globalization or competitiveness; ii) crisis; iii) political leadership; iv) unfolding reform synergies; v) technocrats; vi) changes in civil society, and vii) external pressure. The case studies suggest that reformers can influence the direction and pace of change by mobilizing and exploiting drivers of it. Rather than a cause-and-effect scenario in which a single driver-such as a crisis-creates and defines the success of a body of reforms, what happens is an unfolding series of events in which various drivers become more and less important in defining phases of the reform process
    DOI: 10.1596/28141
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    Potential Climate Change Mitigation Opportunities in the Transport Sector in Vietnam (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
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    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Environmental Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Vietnam's transport sector plays an important role in its socioeconomic development. Passenger transport helps meets daily needs and contributes significantly to tourist service development while freight transport helps meet the country's demand for delivery of raw materials and of semi-finished products to production facilities and for transport of finished products to consumers. With the overall growth in transport in the country, each of the main forms of transport (road, railway, aviation, inland waterways and maritime) are currently increasing the total fuel use for transport and as a result overall greenhouse gas emissions. In addition to the mix of transport modes used, the major factors affecting the impact of this growth on current and future greenhouse gases from each mode of transport are the quality and quantity of the vehicles and supporting infrastructure and the type of fuels used and their efficiency. The following sections evaluate the infrastructure and fuel use of each of the modes of transport (sections 1.1-1.5), the current and projected greenhouse gas emissions from the sector and the reasons for this (section 2), and typologies of interventions that can reduce the emissions from the sector (section 3)
    DOI: 10.1596/28216
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    Global Investment Promotion Benchmarking Report : Eyes on COMESA (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
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    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Many countries are convinced that Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) should be an important component of their growth strategy. To encourage FDI, they have improved their business climates, developed various guarantees for investors, and offered incentives. In the real world, Investment Promotion Intermediaries (IPIs) face tight budget and human resource constraints. Allocating scarce resources among the various possible activities is a major component of developing an effective promotion strategy. Research, including that covered in this report, suggests that many IPIs are failing to devote enough attention to the most basic-and least costly-promotion function, one that, if it fails, undermines all other promotion activities. Provision of services to potential investors-and particularly the provision of information-is basic to all promotion. Image-building efforts can be hugely expensive. Similarly, targeted missions and personal selling are costly in terms of both time and effort. FDI offers the prospects of growth and jobs to host countries, but attracting it requires a good deal of effort. Effective investment promotion is not only less costly than adding on more incentives for investors; reform and incentives are unlikely to accomplish their goals without promotion. Promotion efforts will, however, fail to attract desired investment if IPIs are not skilled at the most basic function: collecting and providing to potential investors relevant and timely information. Ensuring that this function works well should be the top priority in the promotion strategy and in the development of management systems
    DOI: 10.1596/28205
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    Examining Early Child Development in Low-Income Countries : A Toolkit for the Assessment of Children in the First Five Years of Life (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
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    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Education Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The primary purpose of this toolkit is to provide a resource for researchers from various disciplines interested in planning and evaluating programs or interventions aimed at improving the health and development of infants and young children. The toolkit aims to: provide an overview of issues affecting early development and its measurement; discuss the types of tests typically used with children under five years; provide guidelines for selecting and adapting tests for use in developing countries, and make recommendations for planning successful assessment strategies. The toolkit focuses on children who have not yet entered school, and are thus under six years old. The primary reason we are focusing on this age group is that during the first five years of life, children's language, early understanding of mathematics and reading, and self-control emerge. The extent to which children master these skills during this critical period has implications for success in school (Lerner, 1998), and thus we wanted to focus on children in this pre-school period. The toolkit is essential at this time for the following reasons: children in developing countries are growing up at a disadvantage; assessments of children must expand to include a wider range of outcomes; and no such toolkit exists as present
    DOI: 10.1596/28107
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    Pacific Islands Coconut Oil Power Generation : A How-To Guide for Small Stationary Engines (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
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    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Energy Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This guide has been written to assist anyone interested in running small stationary diesel powered engines on coconut oil. It is intended to be a 'how-to' guide to provide with relevant information of every aspect of fuelling an engine with coconut oil. The guide is specifically written with small (less than about 50 kVA) diesel generators in mind. While the information and principles can be applied to all diesel engines, there are additional complicating factors to consider when applying to a vehicle, for example. It must be noted also, that this manual is intended for stationary applications that typically involve few stop-starts, longer running times and consistent loads. Diesel engines that stop-start regularly and unpredictably (eg. car engine or back up generator) are outside the scope of this guide. The technical considerations for running a diesel engine on coconut oil, or any vegetable oil for that matter, are not particularly complex. The concept of powering a diesel engine with vegetable oil is, after all, as old as the diesel engine itself. To do it successfully, however, and particularly with today's modern diesel engines, several key elements of the fuel delivery and combustion system must be suitable or made suitable. If these elements are not the engine will be damaged and it will ultimately lead to premature engine failure
    DOI: 10.1596/27716
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    Russian Federation Diagnostic Review of Consumer Protection in Financial Services : Comparison against Good Practices (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
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    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Financial Accountability Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Over the last decade, consumer credit in the Russian Federation has expanded from almost nothing to 9.2 percent of GDP in 2008, at 84 percent average annual growth in 2003-2008 year for five years. Yet, the increases have been uneven throughout the Russian population: more than 40 percent are still financially excluded and only 16 percent have bank accounts. A 2008 survey found that Russian consumers had low levels of financial literacy and lacked awareness of their rights as financial consumers. Three-quarters of the survey's respondents said they would like to receive financial education in order to protect themselves financially and plan for the future. Similar trends of the booming credit markets amid significant gaps in financial literacy around the world have contributed to the global financial crisis of 2008 and emphasized the importance of consumer protection and financial education programs for the long-term health of the financial sector. Responding to a request from Russian authorities, the World Bank conducted a diagnostic review to help Russia design an effective consumer protection and financial literacy framework. This review, presented in two volumes, outlines the key findings and recommendations in Volume I, and analyzes the existing rules and practices in Russia, in comparison with international good practices - in Volume II. Banking, non-bank credit, securities, insurance, private pensions, and credit reporting segments are covered
    DOI: 10.1596/26568
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    Improving Women's Access to Land and Financial Resources in Tajikistan (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
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    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Women in Development and Gender Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Since independence in 1991, the Government of Tajikistan has embarked on a land reform program, which includes extensive farm restructuring. Given the demography of rural households in Tajikistan where the phenomenon of female-headed households is quite significant, women's access to land and credit assumes special importance. To date, however, no thorough gender analysis of access to land and finance in Tajikistan has been conducted. As a result, there is insufficient gender disaggregated data to inform policy. It is not clear how effective the reforms are in addressing factors inhibiting women - access to land and their ability to benefit from any changes. In addition, due to the lack of data, no comprehensive microeconomic study on access to finance has been done. Many Tajik women are sole heads of households and caretakers of their families as a direct consequence of war and migration. Migration in particular has a great impact on gender relations, gender division of labor, and gender roles with the possible empowerment or disempowerment of women left behind. Households headed by women in Tajikistan are 28.6 percent more likely to be poorer than those headed by men. Improving and securing access to land and ensuring the gender sensitivity of land reforms, therefore, has potential for improving the conditions of these vulnerable households. The reports propose several areas of action. While fostering women's access to agricultural production can be considered a policy for improving basic welfare, access to finance is an important ingredient for increased productivity and farm growth (i.e., professionalization and potentially commercialization). Financial access opens up opportunities to diversify income generation beyond farming activities. Complementary initiatives for women's empowerment support their access to productive assets and entrepreneurial standing in society, and may simultaneously lift women's self-constraints in demand for finance
    DOI: 10.1596/25981
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    Adaptation to Climate Change in Europe and Central Asia Agriculture (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Environmental Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: To ensure the viability and competitiveness of agriculture and forestry and sustain rural livelihoods, it is critical to take stock of the impacts of climate change on rural sectors in Europe and Central Asia (ECA) countries and implement appropriate adaptive measures. The interactions between the weather-sensitive agriculture and forestry sectors, climate change, and the natural resource base are highly complex and deserve special attention. Globally, the increased frequency of heat stress, droughts and flooding events caused by climate change threaten to reduce crop yields and livestock productivity in many areas, while increased risks of fires and pest outbreaks will have negative consequences for forests. In this paper, the authors examine the exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity of ECA agriculture to climate change, and provide recommendations for addressing the challenges of climate through adaptation. We have made use of the best available climate change projections to categorize countries in the region by likely agricultural sector impacts. We have also attempted to synthesize information from the literature on climate change adaptation in agriculture in order to identify the most relevant points for ECA countries, including options for technical, institutional and policy measures. Based on this initial assessment, there are plans to support World Bank clients in carrying out assessments and developing strategies at the country level in the near future
    DOI: 10.1596/25983
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    La promesa del desarrollo en la primera infancia en America Latina y el Caribe (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: En America Latina y el Caribe, gran cantidad de ninos pequenos no reciben nutricion, estimulos ni cuidados adecuados, aun habiendose demostrado que el desarrollo en la primera infancia afecta enormemente los resultados de la vida futura de una persona, incluidos los aspectos de salud, educacion y acceso a buenos trabajos. 'La promesa del desarrollo en la primera infancia en America Latina y el Caribe' presenta opciones para implementar intervenciones efectivas en la ninez temprana para garantizar que todos los pequenos de la region reciban oportunidades adecuadas para lograr su maximo potencial. El libro busca ayudar a cerrar las brechas que existen en el conocimiento sobre el desarrollo en la primera infancia y las politicas relacionadas en America Latina y el Caribe, mediante la revision de una seleccion de programas de DPI de la region y del resto del mundo & incluidos aquellos sobre educacion, salud y nutricion&, y extrayendo lecciones relacionadas con su diseno, implementacion e institucionalizacion
    DOI: 10.1596/978-9-5883-0778-7
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  • 47
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    Le prix et le cout du transport en Afrique : Etude des principaux corridors (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9780821378816
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (180 p)
    Series Statement: Directions in Development - Infrastructure
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Pour la majorite des pays africains sans littoral, le prix du transport represente 15 a 20 % du cout des importations ; une proportion deux a trois fois superieure a celle de la plupart des pays developpes. On le sait, des resultats commerciaux mediocres s'expliquent beaucoup par le manque d'infrastructures. C'est pourquoi, il importe de comprendre quels sont les services de transport regional en operation dans les pays africains sans littoral ; de la meme facon, pouvoir identifier les disparites qui existent entre les reglementations et les anomalies contenues dans les dispositions reglementaires, qui reduisent l'efficacite des infrastructures. 'Le prix et le cout du transport en Afrique' propose une analyse des differentes raisons qui expliquent les mauvaises performances du secteur largement observees sur le continent. Les auteurs avancent d'excellentes raisons pour justifier l'application d'un certain nombre de reformes nationales et regionales indispensables aux efforts menes pour s'attaquer non seulement aux causes sous-jacentes du niveau eleve des prix et des couts du transport sur le continent, mais aussi au caractere imprevisible des prestations fournies en Afrique. Cet ouvrage sera un instrument tres utile pour les autorites de tutelle de la region ; il les aidera a concevoir et mettre en cuvre des politiques de transport integrees au service de la croissance durable
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-7882-3
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Banque Mondiale - Rapport Annuel 2009 : Bilan De L'Exercice (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9780821381557
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (64 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Le present rapport couvre la periode allant du 1er juillet 2008 au 30 juin 2009. Conformement aux reglements respectifs de la Banque internationale pour la reconstruction et le developpement (BIRD) et de l'Association internationale de developpement (IDA) - qui, reunies, prennent le nom de Banque mondiale -, ce Rapport annuel a ete etabli par les Administrateurs des deux institutions. Monsieur Robert B. Zoellick, President de la BIRD et de l'IDA, et President du Conseil des Administrateurs, a soumis ce rapport, ainsi que les budgets administratifs et les etats financiers audites, au Conseil des Gouverneurs. Les rapports annuels de la Societe financiere internationale (IFC), de l'Agence multilaterale de garantie des investissements (MIGA) et du Centre international pour le reglement des differends relatifs aux investissements (CIRDI) sont publies separement
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-8088-8
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 49
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    LAC Semiannual Report October 2017 : Between a Rock and a Hard Place: The Monetary Policy Dilemma in Latin America (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (73 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: After a growth slowdown that lasted six years (including a contraction of 1.3 percent last year), the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) region is finally expected to resume positive growth in 2017, with market analysts forecasting real GDP growth of 1.2 percent for 2017 and 2.3 percent for 2018. The recovery, particularly in South America, will be led by a strong rebound in Argentina, which is expected to grow by 2.8 percent in 2017 and 3.0 percent in 2018, and Brazil, which is expected to resume positive growth as well, expanding by 0.7 percent in 2017 and 2.3 in 2018, after contracting for two consecutive years. The usual external drivers of growth (particularly commodity prices, and growth in China and U.S.) are expected to remain relatively neutral, which points to the need for the region to reinforce its own sources of growth (e.g., structural reforms, investment in infrastructure, and further international trade both within and outside the region). Unfortunately, the region finds itself in a weak fiscal situation with 28 out of 32 countries with an overall fiscal deficit, which implies that a gradual but sustained fiscal consolidation will be needed in the years ahead.The report's main focus (Chapter 2) is on the monetary policy dilemma faced by countries in LAC. When a typical commodity-exporter country in LAC is hit by, say, a negative terms of trade shock, real GDP falls, the currency depreciates, and inflation increases. The Central Bank faces the dilemma of (i) increasing policy rates to defend the currency/fight inflation, but at the cost of aggravating the recession or (ii) reducing the policy rate, thus stimulating output, but encouraging further depreciation and inflation. Traditionally, LAC countries have chosen the first option and have thus pursued procyclical monetary policy (i.e., increasing policy rates in bad times). Recently, however, many countries have been able to switch and become countercyclical (i.e., reducing policy rates in bad times), which enables them to prop up the economy in recessionary times (which is particularly important when lack of fiscal space precludes countercyclical fiscal policy)
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1217-0
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  • 50
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    Enseignement superieur et equite en Afrique subsaharienne : Elargir l'opportunite au-dela de l'elite (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464812675
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (132 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Malgre une spectaculaire expansion du secteur de l'enseignement superieur en Afrique subsaharienne, l'offred'education tertiaire n'a pas reussi a suivre le rythme de la demande, et la region continue a etre a la trainepar rapport a toutes les autres regions en termes d'acces a l'enseignement superieur. Cette situation est dueen partie a des tendances profondement enracinees d'inequite dans l'acces a l'enseignement superieur et laperpetuation de ce que les chercheurs appellent un "systeme d'elites". A ce jour, l'acces a l'enseignement superieur en Afrique subsaharienne a indument profite aux etudiants issusdes menages les plus aises, et les effectifs dans leur ensemble restent disproportionnellement masculins etmetropolitains. Ces facteurs etouffent le potentiel catalytique de l'enseignement superieur, erodant lepotentiel qu'il a de stimuler la croissance economique et de soutenir la reduction de la pauvrete. Lestendances en matiere d'acces a l'enseignement superieur en Afrique subsaharienne ont generalementrenforce et reproduit l'inegalite sociale plutot que d'en attenuer les effets sociaux et economiques pernicieux.L'ouvrage "Enseignement superieur et equite en Afrique subsaharienne : Elargir l'opportunite au-dela de l'elite"cherche a donner une meilleure comprehension de la question de l'equite dans les inscriptions au niveautertiaire dans les pays d'Afrique subsaharienne et examine dans quelle mesure l'inequite constitue un goulotd'etranglement, empechant les universites africaines de stimuler des ameliorations dans la qualite de viegenerale et dans la competitivite economique. Dans notre etude des donnees factuelles, nous cherchonsegalement a cerner les politiques les plus efficaces pour la promotion de l'equite dans l'acces aux systemesd'enseignement superieur en Afrique subsaharienne. Pour ce faire, nous avons, a travers cet ouvrage,recueilli, genere et analyse des donnees empiriques sur les tendances en matiere d'inequite ; nous avonsexamine les causes sous-jacentes ; et nous avons evalue les politiques publiques en reponse a l'inequite
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1266-8
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    Toward a New Social Contract : Taking on Distributional Tensions in Europe and Central Asia (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464813542
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (248 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Europe and Central Asia Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: The growing economic fissures in the societies of Europe and Central Asia between generations, between insiders and outsiders in the labor market, between rural and urban communities, and between the super-rich and everyone else, are threatening the sustainability of the social contract. The institutions that helped achieving a remarkable degree of equity and prosperity over the course of several decades now face considerable difficulties in coping with the challenges presented by these emerging forms of inequality. Public surveys reveal rising concerns over inequality of opportunity, while electoral results show a marked shift to populist parties that offer radical solutions to voters dissatisfied with the status quo.There is no single solution to relieve these tensions, and attempts to address them will vary considerably across the region. However, this publication proposes three broad policy principles: (1) promote labor market flexibility while maintaining protection for all types of labor contracts; (2) seek universality in the provision of social assistance, social insurance, and basic quality services; and (3) expand the tax base by complementing progressive labor-income taxation with taxation of capital. These principles could guide the rethinking of the social contract and fulfil European citizens' aspirations for growth and equity
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1353-5
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  • 52
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    Informe Anual 2018 del Banco Mundial (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (80 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: World Bank Annual Report
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: El Banco Mundial esta formado por el Banco Internacional de Reconstruccion y Fomento (BIRF) y la Asociacion Internacional de Fomento (AIF). Su mision es poner fin a la pobreza extrema e impulsar la prosperidad compartida de manera sostenible
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1314-6
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    Doing Business 2019 : Training for Reform (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464813382
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Doing Business
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Sixteenth in a series of annual reports comparing business regulation in 190 economies, Doing Business 2019 measures aspects of regulation affecting 10 areas of everyday business activity: - Starting a business - Dealing with construction permits - Getting electricity - Registering property - Getting credit - Protecting minority investors - Paying taxes - Trading across borders - Enforcing contracts - Resolving insolvencyThese areas are included in the distance to frontier score and ease of doing business ranking. Doing Business also measures features of labor market regulation, which is not included in these two measures. This edition also presents the findings of the pilot indicator entitled 'Contracting with the Government,' which aims at benchmarking the efficiency, quality and transparency of public procurement systems worldwide.The report updates all indicators as of May 1, 2018, ranks economies on their overall 'ease of doing business', and analyzes reforms to business regulation -- identifying which economies are strengthening their business environment the most.Doing Business illustrates how reforms in business regulations are being used to analyze economic outcomes for domestic entrepreneurs and for the wider economy. It is a flagship product produced in partnership by the World Bank Group that garners worldwide attention on regulatory barriers to entrepreneurship. Almost 140 economies have used the Doing Business indicators to shape reform agendas and monitor improvements on the ground
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1326-9
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    Paths between Peace and Public Service : A Comparative Analysis of Public Service Reform Trajectories in Postconflict Countries (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464810831
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (442 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Directions in Development;Directions in Development - Public Sector Governance
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Building a capable public ...
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1082-4
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    L' industrie legere en Afrique : Politiques ciblees pour susciter l'investissement prive et creer des emplois (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: La strategie de la Banque mondiale pour l'avenir de l'Afrique reconnait l'importance centrale de l'industrialisation de l'Afrique subsaharienne et la creation d'emplois productifs pour les Africains, industrialisation et creation d'emplois qui sont de longue date la preoccupation des leaders et dirigeants politiques africains. Ce livre s'efforce de traiter ces questions. Si le recent redressement de la croissance de l'economie africaine est encourageant, pour que cette croissance soit durable, elle doit s'accompagner d'une transformation structurelle et creer des emplois productifs pour la population. Pour de nombreux pays africains, cette transformation implique le passage de nombreuses personnes actives des secteurs agricole et informel a productivite faible a des activites plus productives. L'industrie legere peut offrir une solution viable a l'Afrique subsaharienne, etant donne la competitivite potentielle de celle-ci qui repose sur la faiblesse de ses couts salariaux et sa richesse en ressources naturelles susceptibles de constituer les matieres premieres necessaires aux industries. Au moyen de cinq outils d'analyses et sources de donnees, ce livre etudie les obstacles contraignants dans chacun des cinq secteurs d'activite qu'il couvre : le vetement, les articles en cuir, les produits metalliques, les produits agroindustriels et les articles en bois. L'Ethiopie est utilisee comme exemple, le Vietnam comme pays de comparaison et la Chine comme reference, tandis que des apercus sont donnes sur la Tanzanie et la Zambie afin d'en tirer des enseignements pour l'ensemble de l'Afrique subsaharienne. Le texte recommande un programme de politiques ciblees dans le but d'exploiter l'avantage comparatif latent de l'Afrique dans certaines industries legeres, en particulier les articles en cuir, le vetement et les produits agricoles transformes
    DOI: 10.1596/978-2-7440-7662-6
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    Residential Piped Water in Uganda (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464807091
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (118 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: World Bank Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: This World Bank Study provides a basic diagnostic of residential piped water coverage and affordability in Uganda and its relationship with poverty using a series of nationally representative household surveys for the period 2002-13. The study fi rst analyzes trends in piped water coverage using both administrative and survey data. Demand-side and supply-side factors reducing the take-up of piped water service by households in areas where the service is available are estimated. The study also documents the extent to which piped water coverage enables households to shift time use away from domestic tasks toward market work, and the benefi cial effect that this may have on poverty. The targeting performance to the poor of water subsidies is estimated and results obtained for Uganda are compared with estimates for other countries. Finally, the study analyzes issues related to affordability-including the impact of the tariff increase of 2012 on household consumption, poverty, and piped water affordability-as well as the cost for households to connect to the piped water network
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0708-4
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    Working with Smallholders : A Handbook for Firms Building Sustainable Supply Chains (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464812781
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (324 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: The world's population is ...
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1277-4
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  • 58
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    Renewable Natural Resources : Practical Lessons for Conflict-Sensitive Development (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This paper explores how a 'conflict and violence sensitive' framework in project assessment, design and implementation facilitates early identification and mitigation of negative consequences of competition and dispute, and promotes sustainable development over the longer term. It discusses the role of renewable resources in perpetuating conflict and violence, and distills lessons from selected development programming experiences in managing conflict risks associated with these dynamics. The study emphasizes that building capacity to productively address conflict and to improve community resilience to ecological change decreases vulnerability to violence, and improves livelihoods particularly for the world's poorest communities. The study draws on a range of development experience and specifically examines six case studies: three from the World Bank portfolio and three external to the Bank. Of the World Bank projects, the paper considers Andhra Pradesh Community Forest Management Project (India), Land Conflict and Vulnerability Pilot Project (Afghanistan), and Second Fadama Development Project (Nigeria). The paper also studies three external cases: conservation of managed indigenous areas (Ecuador) and Building the Capacity of Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature (ICCN) to Resolve and Manage Environmental Conflicts in Virunga National Park (DRC), both financed by U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID); and the Community Development Component of German Technical Cooperation's (GTZ's) Palestinian Water Program (West Bank). The concluding chapter outlines good practice and lessons learned from experience, emphasizing principals for building institutional and organizational capacity that support constructive conflict management
    DOI: 10.1596/28150
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    Agricultural Protection and Poverty in Indonesia : A General Equilibrium Analysis (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: A general equilibrium modeling approach is used to estimate the effects within Indonesia of unilateral and global trade liberalization, including effects on poverty incidence. It is concluded that global reform of trade policy in all commodities is a significant potential source of poverty reduction for Indonesia. The poor rural and urban have a strong interest in global trade policy reform. If Indonesia were to liberalize unilaterally, poverty incidence also will decline but the effect is small. If liberalization is confined to agricultural products, the effects are similar but the declines in poverty incidence within Indonesia are much smaller
    DOI: 10.1596/28152
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  • 60
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    Welfare and Poverty Effects of Global Agricultural and Trade Policies Using the Linkage Model (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This paper analyzes the economic effects of agricultural price and merchandise trade policies around the world as of 2004 on global markets, net farm incomes, and national and regional economic welfare and poverty, using the global economy wide Linkage model, new estimates of agricultural price distortions for developing countries, and poverty elasticity's approach. It addresses two questions: to what extent are policies as of 2004 still reducing rewards from farming in developing countries and thereby adding to inequality across countries in farm household incomes? Are they depressing value added more in primary agriculture than in the rest of the economy of developing countries, and earnings of unskilled workers more than of owners of other factors of production, thereby potentially contributing to inequality and poverty within developing countries (given that farm incomes are well below non-farm incomes in most developing countries and that agriculture there is intensive in the use of unskilled labor)? Results are presented for the key countries and regions of the world and for the world as a whole. They reveal that, by moving to free markets, income inequality between countries will be reduced at least slightly, all but one-sixth of the gains to developing countries will come from agricultural policy reform, unskilled workers in developing countries the majority of whom work on farms will benefit most from reform, net farm incomes in developing countries will rise by 6 percent compared with 2 percent for non-agricultural value added, and the number of people surviving on less than US
    DOI: 10.1596/28155
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    Agricultural Distortion Patterns since the 1950s : What Needs Explaining? (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This paper summarizes a new database that sheds light on the impact of trade-related policy developments over the past half century on distortions to agricultural incentives and thus also to consumer prices for food in 75 countries spanning the per capita income spectrum. Price support policies of advanced economies hurt not only domestic consumers and exporters of other products but also foreign producers and traders of farm products, and they reduce national and global economic welfare. On the other hand, the governments of many developing countries have directly taxed their farmers over the past half-century, both directly (e.g., export taxes) and also indirectly via overvaluing their currency and restricting imports of manufactures. Thus the price incentives facing farmers in many developing countries have been depressed by both own-country and other countries' agricultural price and international trade policies. The authors summarize these and realted stylized facts that can be drawn from a new World Bank database that is worthy of the attention of political economy theorists, historians and econometricians. These indicators can be helpful in addressing such questions as the following: where is there still a policy bias against agricultural production? To what extent has there been overshooting in the sense that some developing-country food producers are now being protected from import competition along the lines of the examples of earlier-industrializing Europe and Japan? What are the political economy forces behind the more-successful reformers, and how do they compare with those in less-successful countries where major distortions in agricultural incentives remain? And what explains the pattern of distortions across not only countries but also industries and in the choice of support or tax instruments within the agricultural sector of each country?
    DOI: 10.1596/28173
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    Why Governments Tax or Subsidize Trade : Evidence from Agriculture (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This paper empirically explores the political-economic determinants of why governments choose to tax or subsidize trade in agriculture. The authors use a new data set on nominal rates of assistance (NRA) across a number of commodities spanning the last five decades for 64 countries. NRAs measure the effect on domestic (relative to world) price of the quantitative and price-based instruments used to regulate agricultural markets. The data set admits consideration of both taxes and subsidies on exports and imports. The authors find that both economic and political variables play important roles in determining the within-variation in the NRA data. Based on results the authors offer a number of data-driven exploratory hypotheses that can inform future theoretical and empirical research on why governments choose to tax or subsidize agricultural products an important policy question that is also one of the least understood by scholars
    DOI: 10.1596/28182
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    Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Poverty and Inequality in Argentina (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Using the most recent estimates of agricultural price distortions, this chapter studies the economic, poverty, and income inequality impacts of both global and domestic trade reform in Argentina, with a special focus on export taxes. Argentina offers an interesting case study as the only large agricultural exporter that has, at many points in its history, applied export taxes to several of its agricultural products. The chapter combines results from a global economy-wide model (World Bank's linkage model), a national computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, and micro-simulations. The results suggest that liberalization of world trade (including subsidies and import taxes, but not export taxes), both for agricultural and non-agricultural goods, reduces poverty and inequality in Argentina. However, if only agricultural goods are included, indicators for poverty and inequality do not improve and even deteriorate somewhat. This is particularly the case if export taxes are eliminated. The chapter discusses the possible reasons for those results, offers some caveats, and suggests some lines for further research
    DOI: 10.1596/28170
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  • 64
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    Monitoring and Evaluation of Technical Conditions of Seismic Isolation Systems Implemented in Armenia : Institutional Arrangements for Disaster Risk Management and Reduction (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: One of the objectives of a GFDRR funded project in Armenia (Institutional Arrangements on Disaster Risk Management and Reduction) is awareness building among the decision makers, professional engineering and construction community, and local self-governments on the modern, anti-seismic technologies successfully developed and implemented in Armenia. To raise awareness on the seismic isolation technology it was decided to first evaluate the functioning of all seismic isolation systems in the already constructed buildings in Armenia. Then based on the carried out observations to analyze the results, to draw lessons from the findings and to present the conclusions and recommendations to the wider engineering and construction community, as well as to the decision makers in the construction industry. For that purpose monitoring and evaluation of the technical conditions of the seismic isolation systems in the buildings which were seismically isolated for more than a decade ago was carried out. This initiative was very useful, as it helped to answer to the frequently asked questions and concerns on the sustainability and effectiveness of the technology, of the seismic isolators. It also helped to draw lessons and recommend solutions for improving their construction and maintenance practices
    DOI: 10.1596/28255
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  • 65
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    Governance, Fragility, and Conflict : Reviewing International Governance Reform Experiences in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Countries (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This report seeks to inform the development of a framework for addressing governance reform in fragile and conflict affected environments through are view of international experiences. The report analyzes the experience both of countries that sustained a transition to peace and those that fell back into conflict. Pertinent lessons will be drawn selectively from a range of fragile and conflict affected countries, including Haiti, Cambodia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Mozambique, Liberia, Timor-Leste, Afghanistan, Rwanda, Indonesia, Sierra Leone, and Angola. No specific typologies have been adopted or formed in order to assess these lessons, because typologies can be limiting and experiences can be better assessed based on the specificity of each country's context. The first section of the report sets out broadly accepted definitions of key terms such as governance, state building, and fragility. The second section reviews experiences with diverse governance dimensions and explores the objectives, opportunities, and constraints associated with each
    DOI: 10.1596/28147
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  • 66
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    Global Poverty and Distributional Impacts of Agricultural Distortions (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This paper assesses the potential impacts of the removal of agricultural and other trade distortions using a newly developed dataset and methodological approach for evaluating the global poverty and inequality effects of policy reforms. It finds that liberalization of agriculture will increase global extreme poverty (US
    DOI: 10.1596/28154
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  • 67
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    Political Economy of Distortions to Agricultural Incentives : Introduction and Summary (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: During the 1960s and 1970s most developing countries imposed anti-agricultural policies, while many high-income countries restricted agricultural imports and subsidized their farmers. Both sets of policies inhibited economic growth and poverty alleviation in developing countries, while doing little to assist small farmers in high-income countries. Since the 1980s, however, many developing countries began to reduce the anti-agricultural bias of sectoral policies, and from the early 1990s the European Union began to move away from price supports to more-direct forms of farm income payments. This paper summarizes a forthcoming book that seeks to explain this evolving pattern of distortions to incentives conceptually and econometrically by making use of new political economy theory and a new globally comprehensive and consistent set of estimates of the changing extent of annual distortions over the past half-century. The distortion estimates involve more than 70 products that cover around 70 percent of the value of agricultural output in each of 75 countries that together account for over 90 percent of the global economy, and they expose the contribution of the various policy instruments (both farm and non-farm) to the net distortion to farmer incentives. Such a widespread coverage of countries, products, years and policy instruments has allowed this collection of studies to test a wide range of hypotheses suggested by the new political economy literature, including the importance of institutions. As a set it sheds much new light on the underlying forces that have affected incentives facing farmers in the course of national and global economic and political development, and hence on how those distortions might change in the future - or be changed by concerted actions to offset political pressures from traditionally powerful vested interests
    DOI: 10.1596/28164
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  • 68
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    Special Interests versus the Public Interest in Policy Determination (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This paper focuses on recent theoretical developments in political economy and what role they might play in explaining and reforming individual country and global distortions in food and agricultural markets. Four groups of forces are isolated: political governance structures emphasizing the role of democratic mechanisms; the design of polycentric structures for assigned governmental authority for setting policy instruments; market structure and other socioeconomic characteristics; and the role of sector mobility and asset diversification. Each of these forces are distilled and data sources are reviewed that will allow econometric specifications that have both explanatory and policy reform implications
    DOI: 10.1596/28251
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  • 69
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    Estimating the Impact of Labor Taxes on Employment and the Balances of the Social Insurance Funds in Turkey (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Social Protection Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: High labor tax wedges and slow formal employment growth have combined to make labor tax reform an important economic policy issue in Turkey. This synthesis report presents the results of a series of empirical studies of the impact of a labor tax reform. The analysis was undertaken before the social contribution reforms that were introduced as part of the 2008 employment package. Using data from firms, households, and social insurance files, the research finds that employment does respond to changes in labor costs at levels that are comparable to those found in other middle-income and Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. The results show that reducing labor costs could significantly boost registered employment. However, the actual effect of lower taxes on employment would be diluted because a significant portion of the reduced tax will be captured by workers through higher wages rather than by employers through lower labor costs. As a result, tax cuts targeted towards low-wage labor would be more cost-effective than across-the-board reductions. To achieve overall fiscal neutrality, compensating additional revenues from other sources or reduced expenditures will be needed to accompany lower contribution rates
    DOI: 10.1596/28211
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  • 70
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    Potential Climate Change Mitigation Opportunities in Waste Management Sector in Vietnam (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Environmental Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Along with economic growth and improved living standards, waste from households, industries, and commercial or service establishments is expected to increase rapidly over the next years. Managing this waste is a hard challenge for the Government of Vietnam because of its substantial cost and lack of awareness and participation of people and businesses. Wastes can be classified according to: their form (wastewater, solid waste); their origin (industrial wastes, agricultural wastes, urban (municipal) wastes); and their hazardous nature (non-hazardous or hazardous)
    DOI: 10.1596/28217
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  • 71
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    Review of the Legislative and Regulatory Documents for the Oil and Gas Industry (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Mining, Oil and Gas
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This report documents the activities and findings the legislative and regulatory advisor during his visits made between 19th October and 17th November 2009 to the Ministry of energy of the Republic of Ghana. The purpose of the visits was to meet the officials of the Ministry of energy in Accra and obtain a first-hand brief of the requirements of the Ministry for their review of their draft legislative and regulatory documents for the Ghana oil and gas industry. In June 2007, Ghana discovered commercial quantities of light crude oil with significant amount of associated natural gas in its offshore area. The discovered oil and gas lies in the Jubilee Field, which straddles the offshore Deepwater Tano and the Deepwater West Cape three Points Block, and is located some 50 kilometres from the Ghanaian coast in water depths of between 1020 to 1720 metres. Associated gas is reported to have been tested at a gas-to-oil ratio of 1,058 standard cubic feet per barrel of oil. Oil production of 120,000 barrels per day would therefore provide produced associated gas production of about 127 million standard cubic feet per day. To optimise the benefit of having indigenous supplies of oil and gas, the Government of Ghana now has to effect an administrative and management transition with respect to its petroleum industry. It has to move from simply encouraging investment in exploration to that of managing petroleum production, the enormous values arising from such, and the wise utilisation of the produced oil and gas to drive economic development
    DOI: 10.1596/28105
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  • 72
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    Indonesia Economic Quarterly, December 2009 : Back on Track? (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The Indonesian economic quarterly reports on and synthesizes the past three month s key developments in Indonesia s economy. It places them in a longer-term and global context, and assesses their implications for the outlook for Indonesia s economic and social welfare. Its coverage ranges from the macro economy to financial markets to indicators of human welfare and development. Indonesia s economy appears to be broadly backed on track. Economic activity has been picking up, inflation has remained moderate, financial markets have risen, and the newly reelected government, having established the strong fundamentals that supported Indonesia through the global crisis, appears to be now gearing up for new investments in Indonesia s physical infrastructure, human services and institutions of state. Indonesia seems well-positioned to get back on its pre-crisis growth trajectory, with the possibility of further acceleration and more inclusive growth. The sustainability of the global recovery is still not entirely clear and portfolio flows into emerging markets, which have surged in the last nine months, may as easily be reversed as policy makers elsewhere move to unwind the large monetary and fiscal stimulus efforts initiated over the last year
    DOI: 10.1596/27781
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  • 73
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    China : Social Analysis of Heating Reforms in Liaoning Province (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Social Analysis
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Urban heating demand in Liaoning has grown rapidly, due to rising incomes, housing sector growth, and privatization of housing. During the past decade, demand increased at an annual growth rate of 14 percent. Heating supply has been unable to keep pace with this surging demand. Small coal-fired boilers continue to provide the bulk of heating services in most cities, and the capacity to expand the district heating system while maintaining satisfactory service has been constrained by low energy efficiency. Additionally, the use of small coal-fired boilers has been considered a major source of air pollution problems during winter months in many cities. The main purpose of the social analysis report is to present the findings of this household survey. The survey focuses on the impact of changes in billing and pricing, heating quality, the extent of social assistance programs for heating, and the extent of public awareness of heating reforms
    DOI: 10.1596/28153
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  • 74
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    Forced Displacement : The Development Challenge (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This note discusses the development dimensions of forced displacement, and the potential role of the World Bank to address these dimensions and contribute to durable solutions for group's who have returned from or are in displacement situations. For the purposes of this note, forced displacement refers to the situation of persons who are forced to leave or flee their homes due to conflict, violence, and human rights violations
    DOI: 10.1596/27717
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  • 75
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    Mongolia : The Economic Value of the Upper Tuul Ecosystem (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Environmental Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The economic value of the Upper Tuul ecosystem in Mongolia reports on a study carried out under the auspices of the World Bank and the Government of Mongolia. The goal of the study was to improve understanding about the economic value of the Upper Tuul ecosystem for Ulaanbaatar's water supplies and how this might be affected by different land and resource management options in the future. The study also aims to develop and apply ecosystem valuation methods that can be used more widely in the country, to generate information about the contribution of the environment to the Mongolian economy, and to make the case for improved budget allocations for the conservation of the Upper Tuul. Integrating eco-hydrological and economic valuation techniques, the study traces through the biophysical effects and socioeconomic impacts of future land and resource degradation, and ecosystem conservation, in the upper watershed
    DOI: 10.1596/27593
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  • 76
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    Turkey : Strengthening the Framework for Sub-National Borrowing (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Local government finance has taken on increasing importance in Turkey, with the evolving fiscal decentralization and the growing role of local administrations in public investment. The focus of this policy note is on sub-national borrowing as an essential component of the framework for sustainable sub-national finance. Sound management of sub-national borrowing is important for ensuring debt sustainability. Past problems with fiscal deficits by local administrations in Turkey have led to two major debt restructurings. The Government has undertaken many laudable improvements in the system of fiscal management and control of local administrations in recent years, in particular by regulating the procedures for borrowing, raising the requirements for accounting and reporting, and tightening the terms for Treasury guarantees of foreign borrowing. The rest of the policy note is organized as follows. The next section summarizes the framework for sub-national borrowing in Turkey and reviews areas for further development, including in particular, an effective insolvency mechanism. Section three presents rationales for a sub-national insolvency mechanism and describes how the entry points for reform have contributed to varying modalities across countries. Section four discusses key design issues for a sub-national insolvency mechanism, driven by the fundamental difference between public and private insolvency. Final section five presents possible medium-term reform options for Turkey
    DOI: 10.1596/26063
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  • 77
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    Forets tropicales humides du Cameroun : Une decennie de reformes (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9780821380130
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (228 p)
    Series Statement: Directions in Development - Environment and Sustainable Development
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: En 1994, le gouvernement camerounais a initie des reformes legales et commerciales visant a reguler les droits d'acces et d'usage des forets tropicales, qui constituent une richesse incontestable pour le pays. Ces reformes cherchaient a equilibrer les interets publics et prives et a plus largement integrer les perspectives economiques, culturelles et environnementales. Aujourd'hui, plus de 60 pourcent des forets tropicales du Cameroun sont exploitees selon un plan d'amenagement agree. L'exploitation illegale dans les forets amenagees a significativement diminue, la biodiversite est protegee plus efficacement et l'industrie forestiere, restructuree, adhere largement aux pratiques de gestion durable reconnues internationalement. Base sur des donnees historiques, des recherches specifiques et des travaux analytiques, 'Forets tropicale humides du Cameroun : Une decennie de reformes' presente la genese et le deploiement de ces reformes. Ce livre identifie les politiques qui ont porte leur fruit, celles qui n'ont pas fonctionne et propose des ameliorations. Bien que ces reformes aient ete elaborees et mises en oeuvre dans un contexte specifique, les enseignements tires de cette experience pourront servir a d'autres pays, connaissant des realites similaires. Ce livre devrait etre notamment utiles aux analystes politiques et experts du developpement, ainsi qu'aux gouvernements, aux populations et aux agences de developpement des pays riches en forets tropicales, en Afrique et ailleurs
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-7879-3
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  • 78
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    Transferencias monetarias condicionadas : reduccion de la pobreza actual y future (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (364 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: En este informe se analiza el impacto de las transferencias monetarias condicionadas (TMC) en los resultados actuales en terminos de pobreza, educacion, salud y nutricion. Para ello, se utiliza como fundamento una gran cantidad de evaluaciones de impacto de programas de TMC cuidadosamente elaboradas. Especificamente, se plantea un marco conceptual que analiza la justificacion economica y politica de las TMC; se examina la creciente evidencia empirica acumulada sobre las TMC, en especial aquella proveniente de evaluaciones de impacto; se analiza como el marco conceptual y los resultados sobre los impactos deben utilizarse como insumos para el diseno de programas de TMC en la practica, y se estudia que lugar ocupan las TMC en el contexto mas amplio de las politicas sociales
    DOI: 10.1596/978-9-5883-0773-2
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  • 79
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    Faire de l'Enseignement superieur le moteur du developpement en Afrique Sub-saharienne (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9780821379271
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p)
    Series Statement: Directions in Development - Human Development
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: La relance de la croissance economique de l'Afrique subsaharienne depuis le debut du millenaire est une evolution encourageante. Maintenir cette croissance de facon durable est a la fois une necessite et un defi de premier ordre. La cle de la reussite economique d'un pays plonge dans la mondialisation repose de plus en plus sur sa capacite a assimiler les connaissances disponibles et a se creer des avantages comparatifs dans certains domaines ayant de bonnes perspectives de croissance. L'importance croissante de l'enseignement superieur et de la recherche dans l'Afrique subsaharienne permettra a cette region d'accroitre son avantage comparatif en repoussant les frontieres de la technologie par l'innovation, en suscitant la diversification de ses produits et services et en maximisant les rendements par une allocation et une gestion plus efficiente des ses actifs. Les pays africains ont deja fait beaucoup pour elever les niveaux d'alphabetisation et de scolarisation primaire. Ces progres ont mis en place la base d'une nouvelle evolution. Aujourd'hui, il leur faut rapidement acquerir des competences de niveau superieur qui leur permettront d'accroitre la valeur ajoutee de leurs activites economiques et creer de nouvelles activites notamment de service. 'Faire de l'Enseignement superieur le moteur du developpement en Afrique Sub-saharienne' demontre sans conteste la necessite d'une croissance ayant un plus riche contenu de connaissances et demande d'accorder une attention renouvelee a l'enseignement secondaire et surtout a l'enseignement superieur. Cette etude montre pourquoi les systemes d'enseignement superieur d'Afrique subsaharienne doivent mieux s'aligner sur le developpement economique national et sur les strategies de reduction de la pauvrete et identifie les avantages qu'apportera un tel changement de perspective. Ce rapport interessera fortement les organisations internationales, les gouvernements et les universites et etablissements de recherche de toute la region
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-7926-4
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  • 80
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    Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 9) : Improving Health and Reducing Poverty (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464805288
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (426 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Disease Control Priorities
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: As the culminating volume in the DCP3 series, volume 9 will provide an overview of DCP3 findings and methods, a summary of messages and substantive lessons to be taken from DCP3, and a further discussion of cross-cutting and synthesizing topics across the first eight volumes. The introductory chapters (1-3) in this volume take as their starting point the elements of the Essential Packages presented in the overview chapters of each volume. First, the chapter on intersectoral policy priorities for health includes fiscal and intersectoral policies and assembles a subset of the population policies and applies strict criteria for a low-income setting in order to propose a "highest-priority" essential package. Second, the chapter on packages of care and delivery platforms for universal health coverage (UHC) includes health sector interventions, primarily clinical and public health services, and uses the same approach to propose a highest priority package of interventions and policies that meet similar criteria, provides cost estimates, and describes a pathway to UHC
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0527-1
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    Transforming Karachi into a Livable and Competitive Megacity : A City Diagnostic and Transformation Strategy (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464812125
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (128 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Directions in Development;Directions in Development - Infrastructure
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: With a population of 16 million, Karachi is the largest megacity in Pakistan. Despite being a large city that is home to many, it has seen a substantial decline in quality of life and economic competitiveness in recent decades. Basic service delivery is very poor, with very low indicators for water supply, sanitation, public transport and public spaces. Pollution levels are high, and the city is vulnerable to disasters and climate change. A highly complex political economy, institutional fragmentation, land contestation, crime and security issues and social exclusion exacerbate these issues and make city management challenging.The Karachi City Diagnostic and Transformation Strategy attempts to present detailed data on the economy, livability and key urban services of the city, by identifying and quantifying the requirements to bridge the services gap in the city. It also proposes pathways towards the transformation of Karachi into a more livable, inclusive and economically competitive city by outlining policy actions that the city can undertake.The first part of the report provides an in-depth review of Karachi and is organized into three themes focused on key aspects of city management: (i) city growth and prosperity discussing city economy, competitiveness, business environment and poverty; (ii) city livability discussing urban and spatial planning, urban governance and municipal service delivery (water and sanitation, public transport and solid waste); and (iii) sustainability and inclusiveness discussing the city's long term resilience based on fiscal management, disaster resilience and climate change, and social inclusion. In each section, a diagnostic is provided on the issues, along with possible prioritized actions to resolve them.The second part of the report concludes by identifying four pillars for city transformation. These include: (i) building inclusive, coordinated and accountable institutions; (ii) greening Karachi for sustainability and resilience; (iii) leveraging on the city's economic, social and environmental assets; and (iv) creating a smart city through smart policies and technology
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1211-8
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    South Asia's Hotspots : The Impact of Temperature and Precipitation Changes on Living Standards (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464811562
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: South Asia Development Matters
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: South Asia is particularly vulnerable to climate change. Most previous studies have focused on the projected impacts of sea-level rise or extreme weather - droughts, floods, heatwaves and storm surges. This study adds to that knowledge by identifying the impacts of long-term changes in the climate - rising temperatures and changes in precipitation patterns - on living standards. It does so by first building an understanding of the relationship between current climate conditions and living standards across South Asia. The study also identifies the set of climate models that are best suited for projecting long-term changes in climate across South Asia. This novel understanding of living standards and climate change is then combined to project impacts of long-term changes in climate on living standards in South Asia.The study finds that higher temperatures will reduce living standards for most of South Asia, with the severity impacts depending on future global greenhouse gas emissions. The study projects "hotspots", which are locations where long-term changes in climate will have negative impacts on living standards. Many hotspots are in locations that hitherto have not been identified as particularly vulnerable to climate change. Moreover, hotspots have distinguishing features that vary from country to country. This detailed assessment provides a mosaic of information that enriches our understanding of how climate change will impact people and which populations are most vulnerable. The report also provides guidance on the kinds of actions are most likely to reduce impacts of climate change in each country.The study is a major contribution to our understanding of how increasing temperatures and changing precipitation patterns interact with social and economic structures at a fine granular level across South Asia
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1155-5
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  • 83
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    Estudio de la urbanizacion en Centroamerica : Oportunidades de una Centroamerica urbana (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464812217
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Directions in Development - Countries and Regions
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Centroamerica experimenta una transicion importante. Las poblaciones urbanas aumentan a gran velocidad,lo que trae consigo desafios apremiantes asl coma oportunidades para impulsar un crecimiento sostenido,inclusivo y resiliente. Hoy en dfa, el 59 par ciento de la poblacion de Centroarnerica vive en zonas urbanas,pero se espera que en la proxirna generacion 7 de cada 10 personas habran de vivir en ciudades, lo queequivale a sumar 700,000 nuevos residentes urbanos cada afio. Al ritmo actual de urbanizacion, la poblacionurbana de la region se duplicara en tarnafio en 2050, dando la bienvenida a mas de 25 millones de nuevoshabitantes urbanos que dernandaran una mejor infraestructura, una mayor cobertura y calidad de lasservicios urbanos, y mejores oportunidades de empleo. A medida que un mayor nurnero de personas seconcentre en las zonas urbanas, las gobiernos nacionales y locales de Centroarnerica tienen tantooportunidades coma desafios para asegurar la prosperidad de las generaciones actuales y futuras de su pals.El Estudio de la Urbanlzacion en Centroarnerica: Oportunidades de una Centroarnerica Urbana ofrece unamejor comprension de las tendencias y las implicaciones de la urbanizacion en las seis pafses de la region -Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua y Panarna-v las acciones que las gobiernos centralesy locales pueden tomar para obtener las beneficios previstos de esta transforrnacicn. El estudio hacerecomendaciones sabre coma las polfticas urbanas pueden contribuir a abordar las principales desaffos dedesarrollo de la region, coma la falta de inclusion social, la alta vulnerabilidad a las desastres naturales y lafalta de oportunidades econornicas y de competitividad. En concreto, el estudio se centra en cuatro areasprioritarias para las ciudades de Centroarnerica: instituciones para la gestion de la ciudad, acceso a unavivienda adecuada y bien ubicada, resiliencia a las desastres naturales y aumento de la competitividad a travesdel desarrollo econornico local.Este libro sera de interes para tomadores de decisiones nacionales y locales, el sector privado, la sociedadcivil, investigadores y personas que trabajan en temas de desarrollo en America Central yen el mundo, cuyaatencion se centra en la forma de aprovechar las oportunidades que trae la urbanizacion en el siglo 21
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1220-0
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  • 84
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    La evaluacion de impacto en la practica, Segunda edicion (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464809897
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (402 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: La segunda edicion del libro 'Evaluacion de impacto en la practica' es una introduccion completa y accesible al mundo de las evaluaciones de impacto para los formuladores de politicas publicas y los profesionales del desarrollo. Publicado por primera vez en 2011, este libro ha sido utilizado ampliamente por las comunidades academicas y del desarrollo. El libro incorpora ejemplos de la vida real para introducir guias practicas para el diseno y la implementacion de evaluaciones de impacto. Los lectores podran tener un conocimiento solido sobre evaluaciones de impacto y las mejores formas de utilizarlas para disenar politicas y programas basados en evidencia rigurosa.La version actualizada cubre las tecnicas mas novedosas de evaluacion de programas e incluye consejos practicos, asi como un conjunto ampliado de ejemplos y estudios de casos provenientes de problematicas de desarrollo recientes. Tambien incluye un nuevo material sobre la etica de la investigacion y asociaciones para llevar a cabo evaluaciones de impacto. El libro esta dividido en cuatro secciones: en la primera parte se analiza que evaluar y por que; en la segunda parte se presentan los principales metodos de evaluacion de impacto; la parte tres aborda el tema de como administrar las evaluaciones de impacto; en la parte cuatro se revisa la etapa de muestreo de las evaluaciones de impacto y la recoleccion de datos. Ademas, los estudios de casos ilustran diferentes aplicaciones de las evaluaciones de impacto. El libro contiene enlaces a material instruccional complementario disponible en linea, incluyendo un caso aplicado, asi como preguntas y respuestas. La segunda edicion actualizada sera un recurso valioso para la comunidad internacional del desarrollo, universidades, y aquellos formuladores de politicas publicas que buscan contar con una mejor evidencia en torno a lo que funciona en el mundo del desarrollo
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0888-3
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  • 85
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    Le maroc a l'horizon 2040 : Investir dans le capital immateriel pour accelerer l'emergence economique (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464810794
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (402 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Directions in Development - Countries and Regions
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Le Maroc a l'horizon 2040 : Investir dans le capital immateriel pour accelerer l'emergence economique documenteles grandes avancees economiques et sociales realisees par le Maroc au cours des 15 dernieres annees etanalyse les politiques economiques ainsi que les conditions d'economie politique a meme d'accelerer lerythme de rattrapage de l'economie marocaine d'ici 2040. Un tel rattrapage passerait par des effortsdecuples pour renforcer le capital institutionnel, humain et social du Maroc - ce qu'on appelle aussi lecapital immateriel
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1078-7
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  • 86
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    Rapport sur le developpement dans le monde 2018 : Apprendre pour realiser la promesse de l'education (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464813191
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: World Development Report
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Chaque annee, le Rapport ...
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1318-4
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  • 87
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    World Development Report 2019 : The Changing Nature of Work (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464813566
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: World Development Report
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Work is constantly reshaped by technological progress. New ways of production are adopted, markets expand, and societies evolve. But some changes provoke more attention than others, in part due to the vast uncertainty involved in making predictions about the future. The 2019 World Development Report will study how the nature of work is changing as a result of advances in technology today.Technological progress disrupts existing systems. A new social contract is needed to smooth the transition and guard against rising inequality. Significant investments in human capital throughout a person's lifecycle are vital to this effort. If workers are to stay competitive against machines they need to train or retool existing skills. A social protection system that includes a minimum basic level of protection for workers and citizens can complement new forms of employment. Improved private sector policies to encourage startup activity and competition can help countries compete in the digital age. Governments also need to ensure that firms pay their fair share of taxes, in part to fund this new social contract. The 2019 World Development Report presents an analysis of these issues based upon the available evidence
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1328-3
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  • 88
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    Le defi d'etablir des universites de rang mondial (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9780821380000
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Directions in Development - Human Development
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Les gouvernements sont de plus en plus conscients du role important que jouent les universites de rang mondial par leur contribution a la competitivite globale de leurs economies. Aussi bien les pays industrialises que les pays en developpement se rendent compte de la necessite d'avoir une ou plusieurs universites de haut standing qui peuvent tenir leur rang par rapport aux meilleures parmi les meilleures. En replacant les efforts pour etablir des universites de rang mondial dans le contexte plus general du developpement des systemes d'enseignement superieur et en reconnaissant l'impact croissant des classements nationaux et internationaux d'universites, ce livre presente les strategies et les approches qui peuvent etre suivies pour mettre en place des universites competitives au plus haut niveau. Il explore les defis lies a ces efforts, ainsi que les couts et les risques afferents. Les conclusions de cet ouvrage sont d'un interet particulier pour les decideurs, les responsables d'universites, les chercheurs et la communaute internationale impliquee dans le developpement des systemes educatifs
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-7972-1
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  • 89
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    L' enseignement post-primaire en Afrique subsaharienne : Viabilite financiere des differentes options de developpement (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9780821383032
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (232 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Africa Human Development Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Les pays d'Afrique subsaharienne ont realise de remarquables progres vers l'achevement universel du cycle primaire.Un nombre croissant de jeunes vont se presenter a la porte du secondaire dans les annees a venir et la pression, deja forte aujourd'hui, va s'accroitre et requerir l'extension des capacites d'accueil de l'enseignement secondaire et ensuite du superieur. Definir une strategie soutenable d'expansion du post-primaire constitue d'ores et deja un defi pour l'ensemble du continent.Etant donnee la diversite de situation des pays africains, l'ouvrage ne pretend pas offrir une solution universelle mais plutot un outil d'analyse a l'intention des decideurs nationaux et de leurs partenaires au developpement pour eclairer les discussions autour des diverses options possibles dans chaque contexte national.Les scenarios de simulation qu'il presente ont une fonction illustrative pour attirer l'attention sur les leviers de politique educative a considerer tels que la reforme de l'organisation des services educatifs afin de maitriser les couts, la diversification des flux d'eleves apres le premier cycle du secondaire, l'accroissement des financements prives, et une mobilisation accrue de ressources budgetaires pour l'education. L'etude identifie la nature des choix politiques en presentant differentes options et en les testant pour evaluer la capacite des pays a financer ce que les auteurs qualifient de choix "plutot" parcimonieux ou "plutot" genereux. Un apport interessant de l'etude reside dans la flexibilite du modele qui permet d'adapter les options aux contextes nationaux.L'ouvrage, qui presente des resultats detailles pour 33 pays d'Afrique subsaharienne, constitue un precieux outil pour les decideurs politiques nationaux, les partenaires au developpement ainsi que pour la communaute des chercheurs et les consultants en education
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-8302-5
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  • 90
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    Transformations rurales et developpement : Les defis du changement structurel dans un monde globalise (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (258 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Dans les regions en developpement, les pays les plus pauvres sont confrontes a des defis considerables. Ils doivent affronter simultanement leur transition demographique et leur transition economique dans un monde globalise tout en tenant compte du changement climatique. S'appuyant sur de nouveaux resultats issus d'enquetes de terrain (8 000 menages ruraux dans sept pays d'Afrique et d'Amerique latine), Transformations rurales et developpement analyse la situation tres particuliere de regions encore profondement ancrees dans l'agriculture. L'ouvrage examine la realite de leur integration aux marches globaux et la diversite de leur economie rurale. Il s'interesse ensuite aux mecanismes de diversification des economies agricoles et aboutit a des recommandations pour faciliter les processus de changement structurel. Les propositions portent sur la necessite de reinvestir clairement le champ des strategies de developpement, avec des politiques ciblees et des approches regionalisees, sur un appui prioritaire aux agricultures familiales et aux cultures vivrieres et, enfin, sur un developpement territorial fonde sur la densification des liaisons villes - campagnes grace a un renforcement des fonctions economiques des petites villes et des bourgs ruraux
    DOI: 10.1596/978-2-3260-0022-3
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  • 91
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    Water and Sanitation in Uganda (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464807138
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (128 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: World Bank Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: This World Bank Study provides a basic diagnostic of access to safe water and sanitation in Uganda and their relationship with poverty. The analysis relies on a series of nationally representative household surveys for the period 2002-13, as well as on qualitative data collection. The study first relies on household surveys to analyze trends in access to safe water and some of the constraints faced by households for access. The issue of the cost of water for households without a connection to the piped water network is discussed. This includes a discussion of public stand pipes. Next, qualitative data are presented on the obstacles faced by households in accessing safe water. The next two chapters are devoted to sanitation. The focus is again first on analyzing household survey data about sanitation, including with respect to toilets, bathrooms, waste disposal, and hand washing, and next on an analysis of qualitative data from focus groups and key informants. Finally, the study reviews some of the policies and programs that have been implemented in order to improve access to safe water and sanitation for the poor as well as options going forward
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0711-4
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  • 92
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    Back to School : Pathways for Reengagement of Out-of-School Youth in Education (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: International Development in Focus
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: "Back to School: Pathways for Reengagement of Out-of-School Youth in Education" focuses on a social and global problem--200 million adolescents and youth are out of school, live in adverse life circumstances, and face multiple disadvantages. It analyzes the available evidence for what works, how, and why for reengaging and retaining these young people in education. The study further explores for whom and in what contexts the identified interventions can be effective, considering variations in both individual and contextual characteristics of the targeted youth. The synthesized findings from this review are used to build a broad theory of change which can guide efforts of policy and programming for designing contextualized interventions for education reengagement
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1404-4
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  • 93
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    World Bank East Asia and Pacific Economic Update, April 2019 : Managing Headwinds (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (166 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Despite global economic volatility, growth in developing East Asia and Pacific (EAP) was resilientduring 2018, and in the first quarter of 2019. The growth outlook for developing EAP is expected tosoften in 2019, as China's economic expansion continues to moderate. Downside risks remain,including expected moderated global demand, continued trade tensions, the risk of a faster-thanexpectedfinancial tightening in developed economies, the risk of weaker-than-expected growth inChina, and continued financial market volatility. Also, or in combination, these risks could weigh on the region's growth prospects in the short-to-medium term. To manage global and regionalheadwinds, developing EAP economies should reduce short-term vulnerabilities and enhance buffers,redouble their commitment to an open, rules-based international trade and investment framework,including through deeper regional economic integration, and deepen structural reforms. Theintensification of risks underscores the need to continue to enhance economic security by investingin human capital and strengthen social assistance
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1412-9
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    Securing Development (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Robert B. Zoellick, President of the World Bank, remarked that the traumas of fragile states and the interconnections of globalization require our generation to recognize anew the nexus among economics, governance, and security. Most wars are now conflicts within states, and fragile states account for most of them. The "R" in IBRD has a new meaning: reconstructing Afghanistan, Cambodia, Cote d'Ivoire, Haiti, Iraq, Kosovo, Liberia, the Palestinian territories, the Solomon Islands, Southern Sudan, Timor-Leste, and other lands of conflict. One billion people live in fragile states. Zoellick provided ten priorities toward fragile states: 1) first, focus on building legitimacy of the state; 2) provide security; 3) building rule of law and legal order; 4) bolster local and national ownership; 5) ensure economic stability - as a foundation for growth and opportunity; 6) pay attention to the political economy; 7) crowd in the private sector; 8) coordinate across institutions and actors; 9) consider the regional context; 10) recognize the long-term commitment. He reviewed these principles in practice for Afghanistan, Haiti, and Liberia
    DOI: 10.1596/29635
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  • 95
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    Global Experiences on Expanding Services to the Urban Poor (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Water and Sanitation Program
    Abstract: In 2006-07, the Water and Sanitation Program-South Asia (WSP-SA) initiated a research toidentify barriers to service delivery for the urban poor. The research included a review ofvarious initiatives from across the globe that have resulted in improved service delivery for theurban poor and consultations with the urban poor communities. The present volume is adocumentation of this research and supports the Guidance Notes on Improving WaterSupply and Sanitation Services for the Urban Poor in India
    DOI: 10.1596/30966
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    East Asia and Pacific Update, April 2009 : Battling the Forces of Global Recession (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: World Bank East Asia and Pacific Economic Update
    Abstract: Developing East Asia is battling the forces of global recession. The impact of the crisis in the advanced countries was transmitted to the economies of the region with unusual speed. In the region, the initial global financial turbulence was marked by sudden reversals of capital flows in the middle-income economies, rapidly declining equity market prices, a sharp increase in the price of external private capital, a shortage of dollar liquidity, and in some cases, a depreciating currency. Now with aggregate global demand falling precipitously, region-wide declines in exports and industrial production are triggering widespread factory closures, rising unemployment, and lower real wages, with disproportionate effects on the poor and near-poor. Authorities in many countries are implementing social programs and cash transfers to assist those most in need. Where possible, policymakers have responded quickly with expansionary monetary and fiscal policies, including fiscal stimulus packages, although in most cases these measures will only mitigate, not overcome, the contraction forces operating on their economies
    DOI: 10.1596/14684
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    Business Registration Reform Case Studies : Malaysia (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This collection of case studies describes experiences and draws lessons from varied business registration reform programs in economies in vastly different stages of development: Bulgaria, Estonia, Ireland, Madagascar, and Malaysia. Over the last twenty years, a number of countries have recognized the importance of smooth and efficient business start up procedures. A functioning business registration system is now viewed as an important regulatory requirement of any economy, and a predictable, transparent, and modern business registration system is acknowledged to help promote private sector growth and job generation. Business registration gives businesses formal status and formal operation in the marketplace. It is a dynamic process that impacts the life of its stakeholders, commercial counterparties, and employees by introducing new responsibilities, opportunities, and challenges
    DOI: 10.1596/28142
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Serbia Financial Sector Assessment Program Update : Deposit Insurance (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Financial Sector Assessment Program
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This note focuses on the deposit insurance scheme. An analysis of the Deposit Insurance Agency (DIA) is provided to the extent that it is relevant to the management of the deposit insurance scheme and no detail analysis of the other functions performed by the DIA, e.g. bank resolution, is included. Policy recommendations on the bank resolution are included in the Aide Memoire. DIA revenue sources are volatile and Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF) related revenues are used to subsidize non-DIF related activities. The legal framework is ambiguous as to whether DIF resources can be used to cover running costs of the DIA. To improve transparency and ensure sustainability of the DIF, the legal framework should be amended to clarify the use of DIF resources and cap use for operating costs. The authorities should develop a medium term strategy for the DIA, including a funding strategy for non-DIF related activities
    DOI: 10.1596/28076
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 99
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    Voices to Choices : Bangladesh's Journey in Women's Economic Empowerment (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank | Washington, D.C. : The World Bank Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (282 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: International Development in Focus
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    DDC: 305.43095492
    Abstract: Women have experienced significant changes in various spheres of their lives during the last decades as Bangladesh made economic progress. Yet women's economic engagement and empowerment are subdued, as they cannot make sufficient choices for themselves. This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the economic developments in gender equality in Bangladesh. Through examining women's participation in the labour force, ownership and control of household assets, use and control of financial assets, and opportunities for entrepreneurship, the authors have made concrete recommendations to overcome challenges that lie ahead for women's economic empowerment. This book is an important contribution to the knowledge on interventions required by the policy makers and broader stakeholders towards narrowing gender gaps. --Fahmida Khatun, PhD, Executive Director, Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD), BangladeshThe women's story is central to Bangladesh's economic and social transformation. There is an urgent need to deepen researched understanding of the multidimensional pathways of women's economic empowerment and extent of real progress made. Voices to Choices is an important contribution to this story. Surely, the journey of women's economic empowerment remains a long and challenging one. Realizing the full benefits of new opportunities is often hampered by both new and entrenched insecurities. The task is as much one of empowering women's agency as of dismantling barriers. The responsibility is as much women's as society's. --Hossain Zillur Rahman, PhD, Executive Chairman, Power and Participation Research Centre (PPRC)This book provides critical insights and is timely, as it outlines how girls and women in Bangladesh have gained more opportunities in labor force participation,(...)
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1374-0
    URL: http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/978-1-4648-1374-0
    URL: Inhaltsbeschreibung der Sammlung und Zugangshinweise
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    The Pharmaceutical Sector in Ghana (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Main pharmaceutical policy goals in Ghana are access to essential medicines for everybody, quality assurance for all drugs on the market, a functioning and efficient supply chain as well as rational use of medicines by professionals and patients. There is also a commitment to strengthen the domestic pharmaceutical industry, outlined under health industry in the national health policy. The National Health Insurance System (NHIS) has significantly improved access to medicines for insured patients, measured in increased utilization of facilities and rapidly growing turnover of revolving drug funds. The risk is now that non-rational prescribing and fraud lead to a growing medicine bill that threatens financial sustainability of NHIS. On the other hand, National Health Insurance Authority (NHIA) has the resources and purchasing power to influence provider behavior as well as the market in terms of quality and price. The purpose of this policy note is to provide a compact overview of the situation, trends and opportunities in the pharmaceutical sector in Ghana as relevant to the strategic objectives in the five year program of work. It summarizes data from a number of recent studies and reports that were done by a range of partners inside and outside the country as well as discussions with key stakeholders in the sector. The intent is to give decision makers up-to-date background information and provide some suggestions for specific policy initiatives designed to achieve the work program objectives, with a particular focus on the role health insurance can play to stabilize and improve service delivery, increase access to quality medicines and promote rational use. The overall legal framework for the pharmaceutical sector is set by the Food and Drugs Law from 1992, amended by Act 523 in 1996. It defines the role of the food and drugs board as separate entity under control of the Ministry of Health (MOH), responsible for regulating the sector. The Food and Drugs Board (FDB) also runs the official drug quality control laboratory that is in charge of testing quality samples obtained from manufacturers, importers, distributors or other sources. The FDB is also working on an improvement of its public website in an effort to strengthen communication with the general public to increase transparency and improve governance
    DOI: 10.1596/28117
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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