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  • Dordrecht : Springer  (228)
  • Bielefeld : transcript  (31)
  • Philosophy
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  • 1
    ISBN: 9783837665024
    Language: German
    Pages: 326 Seiten
    Series Statement: Edition panta rei
    DDC: 306
    Keywords: Cultural studies ; Geschichte: Theorie und Methoden ; History: theory & methods ; Kulturwissenschaften ; PHILOSOPHY / Social ; Philosophie ; Philosophy ; Themen der Philosophie ; Criticism of Culture ; Cultivation ; Cultural Optimism ; Cultural Pessimism ; Culture ; Deutsche Philosophiegeschichte ; Dialektik ; Ernst Cassirer ; Georg Simmel ; German History of Philosophy ; Geschichtsphilosophie ; Kultivierung ; Hochschulschrift
    Abstract: Die Simmel-Cassirer-Kontroverse behandelt den grundlegenden technikphilosophischen Gegensatz zwischen Kulturpessimismus und Kulturoptimismus. Diesen virtuellen Dialog beider Denker arbeitet Oliver Honer neu auf und entwickelt in einem aufsteigenden Reflexionsgang die Simmel'sche Rede von der "kulturellen Logik der Objekte" zum Begriff. Damit modelliert er das Verhältnis agierender Individuen zu ihren jeweiligen Möglichkeitsräumen und zeigt deren prekären Subjektstatus in diesen Räumen auf. Die dabei freigelegten Verhältnisse eröffnen angesichts technisch induzierter Eigenlogiken neue Wege einer dialektischen Kulturkritik
    URL: Cover
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  • 2
    ISBN: 3837658627 , 9783837658620
    Language: German
    Pages: 414 Seiten , Illustrationen , 22.5 cm x 14.8 cm, 318 g
    Series Statement: Digitale Gesellschaft Band 40
    Series Statement: Digitale Gesellschaft
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rahmstorf, Olaf, 1963 - Wikipedia: die rationale Seite der Digitalisierung?
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rahmstorf, Olaf, 1963 - Wikipedia: die rationale Seite der Digitalisierung?
    DDC: 306.42
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Media studies ; Medienwissenschaften: Internet, digitale Medien und Gesellschaft ; Philosophie ; Philosophy ; SOCIAL SCIENCE / Media Studies ; Argumentationstheorie ; Aufklärung ; Bildung ; Commons ; Crowdworking ; Digitale Medien ; Digitalisierung ; Digitalization ; Education ; Encyclopedia ; Enlightenment ; Enzyklopädie ; Epistemologie ; Epistemology ; Internet ; Wikipedia ; Wissen ; Neutralität ; Rationalität ; Argumentation ; Legitimität ; Wikipedia ; Medienpädagogik ; Crowdworking ; Digitalisierung
    Abstract: Die Wikipedia präsentiert das Wissen der Welt im digitalen Zeitalter. Damit stellt sie sich in eine Linie mit den Aufklärern des 18. Jahrhunderts - und quer zu den irrationalen Exzessen digitaler Filterblasen. Aber wie sehen die Produktionsbedingungen dieses Wissens in der Praxis aus und nach welchen Kriterien wird "wahres" von "falschem" Wissen unterschieden? Olaf Rahmstorf diagnostiziert aus einer wissenssoziologischen Perspektive einen verkürzenden Formalismus, der sich vor inhaltliche Argumentation schiebt. Hiervon ausgehend analysiert er den "Neutral point of view", das formale und epistemologische Kernstück der Wikipedia, konfrontiert ihn mit den Erkenntnissen zeitgenössischer Rationalitätstheorien und entwickelt daraus schließlich eine diskurstheoretische Bestimmung der Wikipedia
    URL: Cover  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9783839458624 , 9783839458624
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (414 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Digitale Gesellschaft Volume 40
    Series Statement: Digitale Gesellschaft
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rahmstorf, Olaf, 1963 - Wikipedia: die rationale Seite der Digitalisierung?
    DDC: 306.42
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    Keywords: Media studies ; Medienwissenschaften: Internet, digitale Medien und Gesellschaft ; Philosophie ; Philosophy ; SOCIAL SCIENCE / Media Studies ; Argumentationstheorie ; Aufklärung ; Bildung ; Commons ; Crowdworking ; Digitale Medien ; Digitalisierung ; Digitalization ; Education ; Encyclopedia ; Enlightenment ; Enzyklopädie ; Epistemologie ; Epistemology ; Internet ; Wikipedia ; Medienpädagogik ; Medienphilosophie ; Crowdworking ; Digitalisierung
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9783839465943 , 9783732865949
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (337 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Political science Volume 145
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Heuer, Wolfgang, 1949 - Cosmos and republic
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Heuer, Wolfgang, 1949 - Cosmos and republic
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Heuer, Wolfgang, 1949 - Cosmos and Republic
    Keywords: POLITICAL SCIENCE / History & Theory ; Political science & theory ; Political structures: democracy ; Democracy ; Literature ; Philosophy ; Political Science ; Political Sociology ; Political Theory ; Politics ; Society ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Arendt, Hannah 1906-1975 ; Rezeption ; Entpolitisierung ; Unfreiheit ; Krise ; Arendt, Hannah 1906-1975 ; Essay ; Politik
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9783839467619 , 9783837667615
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (312 Seiten)
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Media studies ; Film theory & criticism
    Abstract: What kind of relationship do we have with artificial beings (avatars, puppets, robots, etc.)? What does it mean to mirror ourselves in them, to perform them or to play trial identity games with them? Actor & Avatar addresses these questions from artistic and scholarly angles. Contributions on the making of »technical others« and philosophical reflections on artificial alterity are flanked by neuroscientific studies on different ways of perceiving living persons and artificial counterparts. The contributors have achieved a successful artistic-scientific collaboration with extensive visual material
    Note: English
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9783839462201 , 9783837662207
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (356 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Wissen der Künste
    Keywords: Theory of art ; Philosophy ; Cultural studies ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Ästhetik ; Wissensproduktion ; Kunstproduktion
    Abstract: Künste bilden einen genuinen Bereich der Produktion von Wissen. Künstlerisches Wissen steht dabei im Austausch mit anderen kulturellen, sozialen oder politischen Wissensbereichen, es ist zugleich mit Praktiken verbunden, die an die Ränder etablierter und konsolidierter Wissensformen führen können. Die Beiträger*innen des Bandes stellen transdisziplinäre Ansätze zum Verständnis künstlerischer Wissensgenerierung vor, die aus dem Graduiertenkolleg »Das Wissen der Künste« hervorgegangen sind
    Note: German
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9783837666311 , 383766631X
    Language: German
    Pages: 288 Seiten , 22.5 cm x 14.8 cm, 438 g
    Series Statement: Edition Medienwissenschaft Band 103
    Series Statement: Edition Medienwissenschaft
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Kirchartz, Melina, 1985 - Riskantes Denken
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Kirchartz, Melina, 1985 - Riskantes Denken
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Universität Siegen 2020
    DDC: 302.2301
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    Keywords: Media studies ; Medienwissenschaften ; Philosophie ; Philosophy ; SOCIAL SCIENCE / Media Studies ; Themen der Philosophie ; Analogie ; Extensionsthese ; Kybernetik ; Maschine ; Mechanik ; Media ; Media Philosophy ; Media Studies ; Media Theory ; Medien ; Medienphilosophie ; Medientheorie ; Medienwissenschaft ; Mensch ; Hochschulschrift ; Mensch ; Maschine ; Analogie ; Medienwissenschaft ; Technikphilosophie ; Kybernetik ; Medienwissenschaft ; Medienphilosophie ; Medientheorie ; Medienwissenschaft ; Technikphilosophie ; Kybernetik
    Abstract: Die Medienwissenschaft operiert häufig mit gleichermassen überstrapazierten wie langlebigen Analogiekonstruktionen. Verführt durch das Kopplungspotenzial von Analogien verschenkt sie damit Teile ihres genuin theoretischen Potenzials und riskiert mitunter fatale Folgekosten. Melina Kirchartz nimmt die noch immer unterschätzte konstitutive Rolle von prominenten Analogien wie der zwischen Mensch und Maschine für die Genese von Theorien unter die Lupe. Der Blick auf die theoretische Struktur der Medienwissenschaft selbst fördert ein argumentationsstrategisches Phänomen zutage, das es in das Bewusstsein geisteswissenschaftlicher Diskurse zu rücken gilt
    Note: Interessenniveau: 06, Professional and scholarly: For an expert adult audience, including academic research. (06)
    URL: Cover
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9783837666601 , 3837666603
    Language: German
    Pages: 372 Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme , 24 cm x 15.5 cm, 607 g
    Series Statement: KI-Kritik Band 5
    Series Statement: AI critique
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als KI-Realitäten
    DDC: 303.483
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    Keywords: Media studies ; Medienwissenschaften: Internet, digitale Medien und Gesellschaft ; Philosophie ; Philosophy ; SOCIAL SCIENCE / Media Studies ; Artificial intelligence ; Digitale Medien ; Digitalisierung ; Digitalization ; Epistemologie ; Epistemology ; Künstliche Intelligenz ; Machine learning ; Maschinelles Lernen ; Media ; Media Philosophy ; Media Studies ; Medien ; Medienphilosophie ; Mediensoziologie ; Konferenzschrift 2021 ; Maschinelles Lernen ; Künstliche Intelligenz ; Gesellschaft ; Wandel ; Maschinelles Lernen ; Künstliche Intelligenz ; Sozialstruktur ; Auswirkung ; Systemtheorie ; Soziologie
    Abstract: Maschinelles Lernen stellt zunehmend einen wichtigen Faktor soziotechnischen Wandels dar. Zugleich ist es selbst Produkt der Realitäten, an deren Reproduktion es in Form praktischer Anwendungen wie auch als Spekulationsobjekt beteiligt ist. Die Beiträge des Bandes verhandeln gegenwärtige Manifestationen maschinellen Lernens als Phänomene, die für epistemische Verunsicherungen sorgen und die Bedingungen von Sozialität rekonfigurieren. Sie begegnen dieser Herausforderung, indem sie konkrete Verfahren in ihrer gesellschaftlichen Einbettung analysieren sowie bestehende theoretische Charakterisierungen sogenannter Künstlicher Intelligenz kritisch reflektieren
    URL: Cover  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9783837664966 , 3837664961
    Language: German
    Pages: 288 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Digitale Gesellschaft Band 57
    Series Statement: Digitale Gesellschaft
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Denecke, Mathias, 1987 - Informationsströme in digitalen Kulturen
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Denecke, Mathias, 1987 - Informationsströme in digitalen Kulturen
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Denecke, Mathias, 1987 - Informationsströme in digitalen Kulturen
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Leuphana Universität Lüneburg 2021
    DDC: 302.23101
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    Keywords: Internet ; Kommunikationswissenschaft ; Informationsverbreitung ; Media studies ; Medienwissenschaften ; Medienwissenschaften: Internet, digitale Medien und Gesellschaft ; Philosophie ; Philosophy ; SOCIAL SCIENCE / Media Studies ; Computergeschichte ; Culture ; Digital Culture ; Digitale Kultur ; Digitale Medien ; Digitalisierung ; Digitalization ; Informationstechnik ; Infrastrukturen ; Kultur ; Logistics ; Logistik ; Media ; Media Philosophy ; Hochschulschrift ; Neue Medien ; Medientheorie ; Medienwissenschaft ; Medienphilosophie ; Digitalisierung ; Informationstechnik ; Informationsfluss ; Kybernetik
    Abstract: Wir sind umgeben von einer Vielzahl an Informationsströmen, die uns selbstverständlich erscheinen. Um diese digitalen Kulturen zu beschreiben, entwickeln medienwissenschaftliche Arbeiten Theorien einer Welt im Fluss. Dabei erliegen ihre Diagnosen oftmals einem Technikfetisch und vernachlässigen gesellschaftliche Strukturen. Mathias Denecke legt eine systematische Kritik dieser Theoriebildung vor. Dazu zeichnet er die Geschichte der Rede von strömenden Informationen in der Entwicklung digitaler Computer nach und diskutiert, wie der Begriff für Gegenwartsbeschreibungen produktiv gemacht werden kann
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seiten 259-288
    URL: Cover  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 10
    ISBN: 9783839464960 , 9783732864966
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (288 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Digitale Gesellschaft Band 57
    Series Statement: Digitale Gesellschaft
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Denecke, Mathias, 1987 - Informationsströme in digitalen Kulturen
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Leuphana Universität Lüneburg 2021
    DDC: 302.23101
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    Keywords: Internet ; Kommunikationswissenschaft ; Informationsverbreitung ; Media studies ; Medienwissenschaften ; Medienwissenschaften: Internet, digitale Medien und Gesellschaft ; Philosophie ; Philosophy ; SOCIAL SCIENCE / Media Studies ; Computergeschichte ; Culture ; Digital Culture ; Digitale Kultur ; Digitale Medien ; Digitalisierung ; Digitalization ; Informationstechnik ; Infrastrukturen ; Kultur ; Logistics ; Logistik ; Media ; Media Philosophy ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Neue Medien ; Medientheorie ; Medienwissenschaft ; Medienphilosophie ; Digitalisierung ; Informationstechnik ; Informationsfluss ; Kybernetik ; Neue Medien ; Medientheorie ; Medienwissenschaft ; Medienphilosophie ; Digitalisierung ; Informationstechnik
    Abstract: Wir sind umgeben von einer Vielzahl an Informationsströmen, die uns selbstverständlich erscheinen. Um diese digitalen Kulturen zu beschreiben, entwickeln medienwissenschaftliche Arbeiten Theorien einer Welt im Fluss. Dabei erliegen ihre Diagnosen oftmals einem Technikfetisch und vernachlässigen gesellschaftliche Strukturen. Mathias Denecke legt eine systematische Kritik dieser Theoriebildung vor. Dazu zeichnet er die Geschichte der Rede von strömenden Informationen in der Entwicklung digitaler Computer nach und diskutiert, wie der Begriff für Gegenwartsbeschreibungen produktiv gemacht werden kann
    URL: Cover  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Cover  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 11
    ISBN: 9783839464588 , 3839464587
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (253 p.)
    Series Statement: Lettre
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als He, Lianhua Geschichtsphilosophie als Literatur
    Keywords: Müller, Heiner Criticism and interpretation ; Müller, Heiner - 1929-1995 ; 1900-1999 ; German literature 20th century ; Philosophy ; Intertextuality ; Littérature allemande - 20e siècle ; Philosophie ; Intertextualité ; philosophy ; LITERARY CRITICISM / European / German ; German literature ; Intertextuality ; Philosophy ; Allgemeine Literaturwissenschaft ; Asien ; DDR ; Europa ; Germanistik ; Geschichtsphilosophie ; Heiner Müller ; Intertextualität ; Kulturgeschichte ; Literatur ; Literaturwissenschaft ; Lyrik ; Theaterwissensschaft Allgemeine Literaturwissenschaft ; Theaterwissensschaft ; Criticism, interpretation, etc ; Asia ; Cultural History ; Europe ; GDR (East Germany) ; German Literature ; Heiner Müller ; Intertextuality ; Literary Studies ; Literature ; Philosophy of History ; Poetry
    Abstract: Das Werk Heiner Müllers wurde bisher hauptsächlich aus eurozentrischer Perspektive interpretiert. Ein postkolonialer Blick hingegen eröffnet neue Lesarten für die Deutung seiner Arbeit. Lianhua He untersucht mit diesem Ansatz die implizite Geschichtsphilosophie in den Theaterstücken und dem lyrischen Werk Heiner Müllers. Anhand ausgewählter Texte analysiert sie die literarischen Vorlagen und deren Bearbeitung, und zeigt, inwiefern sich seine Geschichtsphilosophie auch in der Textstruktur und den intertextuellen Bezügen seines gesamten Werks nachweisen lässt
    Description / Table of Contents: Cover -- Inhalt -- Danksagung -- I. Einleitung -- II. Historischer Hintergrund und Probleme in der Praxis -- die Zensur -- III. Forschungsbericht -- 1. Wichtigste Forschungsansätze zu Müllers Werken -- 2. Forschung zu Geschichte und Geschichtsphilosophie in Müllers Dramen -- 3. Müllers Geschichtsphilosophie in seinen Gedichten nach 1990 -- 4. Müller-Forschung in China -- IV. Ziel und Methode der Arbeit -- 1. Definition -- 2. Ziel der Arbeit -- 3. Methode -- 4. Textauswahl -- V. Müllers Shakespeare Factory -- 1. Bearbeitung eines Klassikers: Macbeth -- 1.1 Rezeption und Diskussion
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.2 Müllers Macbeth heute (Forschungsbericht) -- 1.3 Macbeth. Müllers erster Umgang mit Shakespeare: additive Bearbeitung und hypertextuelles Verfahren -- 1.4 Fazit -- 2. Hamletmaschine: eine zeitgemäße Transformation des zeitlosen Hamlet -- 2.1 Interpretationsversuche zu Die Hamletmaschine -- 2.2 Dekonstruktion der Figuren und der Form -- 2.3 Fazit -- 3. Exkurs: Die Hamletmaschine in anderen Kulturen und Zeiten. Rezeption und Adaptionen auf ostasiatischen Bühnen -- 3.1 Hamletmaschine-Rezeption in Japan und Südkorea -- 3.2 Hamletmaschine-Rezeption in China -- 3.3 Fazit
    Description / Table of Contents: 4. Anatomie Titus Fall of Rome Ein Shakespearekommentar. Heiner Müllers Anatomie der Geschichte -- 4.1 Titus Andronicus als Hypotext -- 4.2 Heiner Müllers Anatomie von Titus Andronicus -- 4.3 Eine Shakespeare-Parodie -- 4.4 Fazit: Müllers Geschichtsphilosophie und seine Verabschiedung von Brecht -- VI. Heiner Müllers Dialog mit den Toten -- 1. Senecas Tod: Essen mit den Gespenstern -- 1.1 Seneca als Material -- 1.2 Heiner Müllers Senecas Tod im intertextuellen Kontext -- 1.3 Die lyrische Form von Senecas Tod -- 1.4 Fazit -- 2. Exkurs: Müllers Nachdichtungen und Übersetzungen chinesischer Autoren
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1 Heiner Müllers chinesische Gedichte -- 2.2 Prosa nach chinesischen Vorlagen -- 2.3 Fazit -- 3. Mommsens Block: Ästhetik der Historie bei Heiner Müller -- 3.1 Nietzsche-Rezeption bei Heiner Müller -- 3.2 Interpretationsversuche zu Mommsens Block -- 3.3 Mommsens Block als Transformation des Hypotextes Vom Nutzen und Nachteil der Historie für das Leben -- 3.4 Fazit -- 4. Exkurs: Der Ich-Sprecher in Heiner Müllers Gedichten -- 4.1 Der Ich-Sprecher in Müllers Theaterstücken -- 4.2 Das Autobiografische im Ich-Sprecher -- 4.3 Der Ich-Sprecher in Müllers Gedichten
    Description / Table of Contents: 5. Ajax zum Beispiel: Selbstzitat und Modell durch das Leben -- 5.1 Heiner Müllers Ajax -- 5.2 Ajax zum Beispiel -- 5.3 Fazit -- VII. Schlussbetrachtung -- Literaturverzeichnis
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9783837659870 , 3837659879
    Language: German
    Pages: 485 Seiten , 22.5 cm x 14.8 cm, 693 g
    Series Statement: Kultur und Kollektiv Band 8
    Series Statement: Kultur und Kollektiv
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2021
    DDC: 302.301
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    Keywords: Kollektive Intentionalität ; Gruppenverhalten ; Intersubjektivität ; Reziprozität ; Wir-Modus ; Differentia Specifica ; Phänomenologie ; Sprachanalytik ; Verhaltensforschung ; Evolution ; Gesellschaft ; Soziologische Theorie ; Sozialphilosophie ; Philosophie ; Soziologie ; Intersubjectivity ; Reciprocity ; Phenomenology ; Language Analytics ; Behavioural Research ; Society ; Sociological Theory ; Social Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Sociology ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Gruppenverhalten ; Kollektive Intentionalität
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bielefeld : transcript | Berlin, Germany : Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    ISBN: 9783839459874
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (485 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Kultur und Kollektiv Band 8
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2021
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    Keywords: Intentionalität ; Kollektiv ; Gruppenverhalten ; Kollektive Intentionalität ; Intersubjektivität ; Reziprozität ; Wir-Modus ; Differentia Specifica ; Phänomenologie ; Sprachanalytik ; Verhaltensforschung ; Evolution ; Gesellschaft ; Soziologische Theorie ; Sozialphilosophie ; Philosophie ; Soziologie ; Intersubjectivity ; Reciprocity ; Phenomenology ; Language Analytics ; Behavioural Research ; Society ; Sociological Theory ; Social Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Sociology ; Hochschulschrift
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9783839463055 , 9783837663051
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource, 389 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Edition Moderne Postmoderne
    Keywords: Philosophy
    Abstract: Wie verändern sich Mensch und Körper durch Technik? Und welches Menschenverständnis vertritt der Transhumanismus? Anna Puzio befasst sich in der ersten philosophischen Studie zur Anthropologie des Transhumanismus mit führenden Personen des Feldes, u. a. mit Nick Bostrom, David Pearce und Natasha Vita-More. Neben Körperoptimierung und Medizintechnologien beleuchtet sie auch Alltagstechnologien wie Wearables. Dabei entwickelt sie einen neuen Ansatz zur Technikanthropologie und ein neues inklusives Menschen- und Körperverständnis im Anschluss an Donna Haraway und den Kritischen Posthumanismus im amerikanischen Raum
    Note: German
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bielefeld : transcript
    ISBN: 9783839466261 , 9783837666267 , 9783743566262
    Language: German
    Pages: 129 Seiten
    Series Statement: Digitale Gesellschaft 60
    Series Statement: Digitale Gesellschaft
    Keywords: Media studies ; Philosophy ; Medientheorie ; Marxismus ; Digitalisierung ; Kapitalismus ; Kritik
    Abstract: Digitale Technologien sind eine Zumutung! Um dies zu ändern, sollten wir uns nicht von ihnen abwenden, sondern uns eingehender mit ihrer transformatorischen Macht befassen. Shintaro Miyazaki ruft dazu auf, die alternativen Rhythmen des kooperativen, solidarischen Zusammenlebens (Commoning) operabel zu machen und die Digitalität so zum Tanzen zu bringen. Er macht ein Leben vorstellbar, in dem Profit und Eigentum keine Rolle mehr spielen, sondern das nachhaltige Zusammenspiel der Bedürfnisse unserer lebendigen Ökosysteme mit jenen aller Menschen oberste Priorität hat. Hier trifft Kapitalismuskritik auf eine kritische, marxistisch-informierte Medientheorie der algorithmischen Modellierung anderer Zukünfte
    Note: German
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9783837656978 , 3837656977
    Language: German
    Pages: 263 Seiten , Illustration , 22.5 cm x 14.8 cm, 378 g
    Series Statement: Edition Moderne Postmoderne
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Auf den Spuren von Anton Wilhelm Amo
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Auf den Spuren von Anton Wilhelm Amo
    DDC: 193
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    Keywords: Amo, Anton Wilhelm ; Amo, Anton Wilhelm - approximately 1700-approximately 1754 ; 1700-1799 ; Cultural relations Philosophy ; Philosophy, Ghanaian ; Philosophy ; Philosophers 18th century ; Philosophers 18th century ; Authors, Black 18th century ; Authors, Black 18th century ; Cross-cultural studies Philosophy ; Cross-cultural studies Philosophy ; Decolonization Philosophy ; Philosophes - Ghāna - 18e siècle ; Philosophes - Allemagne - 18e siècle ; Écrivains noirs - Ghāna - 18e siècle ; Écrivains noirs - Allemagne - 18e siècle ; Études transculturelles - Allemagne - Philosophie ; Études transculturelles - Ghāna - Philosophie ; Décolonisation - Philosophie ; Philosophers ; Authors, Black ; Germany ; Ghana ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Amo, Anton Wilhelm 1703-1753 ; Interkulturelle Philosophie ; Interkulturelle Philosophie ; Amo, Anton Wilhelm 1703-1753 ; Rezeption
    Note: Literaturangaben
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9783837658378
    Language: German
    Pages: 191 Seiten , 23 cm
    Series Statement: Edition Politik Band 124
    Series Statement: Edition Politik
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Große Kracht, Hermann-Josef, 1962 - »Solidarität zuerst«
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Große Kracht, Hermann-Josef, 1962 - "Solidarität zuerst"
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Große Kracht, Hermann-Josef, 1962 - "Solidarität zuerst"
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Große Kracht, Hermann-Josef, 1962 - "Solidarität zuerst"
    DDC: 320.11
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    Keywords: Solidarity Political aspects ; Philosophy ; Democracy Philosophy ; Solidarität ; Solidarismus ; Politische Theorie ; Soziologische Theorie
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 185-191
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9783839452059
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Achtsamkeit - Bildung - Medien Band 3
    Series Statement: Achtsamkeit - Bildung - Medien
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 302.2301
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    Keywords: Medienphilosophie ; Philosophie ; Pragmatismus ; Digitalisierung ; Ökologie ; Bildung ; Kommunikation ; Kultur ; Computerspiel ; Suchtkultur ; Soziale Arbeit ; Spiritualität ; Filmphilosophie ; Medienphilosophie ; Medienpädagogik ; Pädagogik ; Media ; Philosophy ; Pragmatism ; Digitalization ; Ecology ; Education ; Communication ; Culture ; Computer Game ; Addiction Culture ; Social Work ; Spirituality ; Philosophy of Film ; Media Philosophy ; Media Education ; Pedagogy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Electronic books. ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Medienphilosophie
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9789402417906
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 211 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Mobile communication in Asia: local insights, global implications
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306.46
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    Keywords: Culture and Technology ; Media Sociology ; Philosophy of Technology ; Culture ; Technology ; Mass media ; Communication ; Philosophy ; Privatsphäre ; Social Media ; Mobile Telekommunikation ; Globalisierung ; Regionalismus ; Asien ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Asien ; Mobile Telekommunikation ; Social Media ; Privatsphäre ; Regionalismus ; Globalisierung
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9783837647556 , 3837647552
    Language: German
    Pages: 333 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Schriften zum Kultur- und Museumsmanagement
    Uniform Title: Über Strategie - Entwicklung einer allgemeingültigen Theorie der Strategie und deren kontextuale Spezifizierung im öffentlich-getragenen Kultursektor
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hamburg 2019
    DDC: 306.068
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    Keywords: Kulturmanagement ; Kulturindustrie ; Strategie ; Kulturelle Einrichtung ; Begriff ; Kultur ; Kunst ; Gesellschaft ; Philosophie ; Kultursektor ; Kulturmanagement ; Strategy ; Culture ; Art ; Society ; Philosophy ; Cultural Sector ; Cultural Management ; Strategie ; KJM ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Kulturelle Einrichtung ; Kulturmanagement ; Kulturindustrie ; Strategie ; Begriff
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9783837647266 , 3837647269
    Language: German
    Pages: 297 Seiten , Illustrationen , 22.5 cm x 14.8 cm, 408 g
    Series Statement: Konsumästhetik Band 6
    Series Statement: Konsumästhetik
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Konsumästhetik
    DDC: 306.3
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    Keywords: Konsumgesellschaft ; Kulturwissenschaften ; Massenkultur ; Philosophie ; Ästhetik ; Verbrauch ; Literaturwissenschaft ; Kulturwissenschaften ; Kultur ; Popkultur ; Ästhetik ; Kulturtheorie ; Konsum ; Kulturwissenschaft ; Philosophy ; Literary Studies ; Culture ; Popular Culture ; Aesthetics ; Cultural Theory ; Consumption ; Cultural Studies ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Verbrauch ; Ästhetik ; Philosophie ; Kulturwissenschaften ; Verbrauch ; Konsumgesellschaft ; Ästhetik ; Massenkultur
    Note: Literaturangaben
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  • 22
    Book
    Book
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789048129324
    Language: English
    Pages: xii, 422 Seiten , 235 mm x 155 mm
    Series Statement: Dao companions to Chinese philosophy volume 11
    Series Statement: Dao companions to Chinese philosophy
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dao Companion to Korean Confucian Philosophy
    DDC: 181.11209519
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    Keywords: Philosophy, Asian ; Religion ; Philosophy ; Culture-Study and teaching ; Non-Western Philosophy ; Philosophy, Confucian ; Korea ; History ; Philosophy, Confucian ; Korea ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Korea ; Konfuzianismus ; Philosophie ; Geschichte
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  • 23
    ISBN: 9783839447550
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (333 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Series Statement: Schriften zum Kultur- und Museumsmanagement
    Uniform Title: Über Strategie - Entwicklung einer allgemeingültigen Theorie der Strategie und deren kontextuale Spezifizierung im öffentlich-getragenen Kultursektor
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Johannsen, Björn Strategie und Kultur
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hamburg 2019
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    Keywords: Kultursektor ; Öffentliches Unternehmen ; Nonprofit-Management ; Strategisches Management ; Deutschland ; Culture ; Society ; Philosophy ; Art ; Cultural Management ; Cultural Sector ; Gesellschaft ; Strategy ; Kultur ; Kulturmanagement ; Kunst ; Kultursektor ; Philosophie ; Strategie; Kultur; Kunst; Gesellschaft; Philosophie; Kultursektor; Kulturmanagement; Strategy; Culture; Art; Society; Philosophy; Cultural Sector; Cultural Management; ; Hochschulschrift ; Kulturelle Einrichtung ; Kulturmanagement ; Strategie ; Begriff
    Abstract: Der Begriff »Strategie« findet vielerorts Anwendung - auch im Alltag von Kultureinrichtungen. Doch was bedeutet Strategie wirklich? Björn Johannsen bietet eine neue Perspektive auf das Themenfeld, indem er aktuelle Tendenzen im Kulturmanagement hinterfragt, sich kritisch mit tradierten Theorien auseinandersetzt und dabei auch philosophische Überlegungen einbringt. Er formuliert die These, dass Strategie eine Fähigkeit ist, löst sie somit aus ihrem wirtschaftlichen Bezug und stellt sie hier besonders dem öffentlich getragenen Kultursektor mit seinen spezifischen Vorzeichen zur Verfügung. Es werden jedoch auch grundsätzliche Anregungen gegeben, wie die Fähigkeit »Strategie« praktisch geschult werden kann. Interviews mit Gerd Uecker, Andreas Hoffmann und Konstanze Ullmer ergänzen die Ausführungen.
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 313-333
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  • 24
    ISBN: 9783837641523
    Language: German
    Pages: 216 Seiten , 22.5 cm x 13.5 cm, 269 g
    Series Statement: X-Texte zu Kultur und Gesellschaft
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 780
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    Keywords: Hip-Hop ; Philosophie ; Philosophie ; Performance ; Musik ; Kultur ; Popkultur ; Popmusik ; Kulturwissenschaft ; Hiphop ; Philosophy ; Music ; Culture ; Popular Culture ; Pop Music ; Cultural Studies ; Hip-Hop ; Philosophie
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9783837644340 , 3837644340
    Language: English
    Pages: 281 Seiten
    Uniform Title: Rape : conceptual problems and pragmatic solutions
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2018
    DDC: 305.3
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    Keywords: Vergewaltigung ; Sexismus ; Ideologie ; Sozialverhalten ; Begriff ; Feminist Philosophy ; Social Structures ; Sexist Ideology ; Sexual Violence ; Violence ; Gender ; Social Philosophy ; Gender Studies ; Analytical Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Vergewaltigung ; Sozialverhalten ; Sexismus ; Ideologie ; Vergewaltigung ; Begriff ; Sexismus ; Ideologie
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9783839438527
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (217 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed
    Series Statement: Edition Moderne Postmoderne
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ort und Verortung
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Kulturwissenschaft ; Philosophie ; Raum ; Culture ; Erfahrung ; Kultur ; Kulturtheorie ; Philosophy ; Space ; Cultural Theory ; Hermeneutik ; Hermeneutics ; Cultural studies ; Place ; Kulturphilosophie ; Philosophy of Culture ; Phänomenologie ; Phenomenology ; Experience ; Kulturwissenschaften ; Erfahrung ; Phänomenologie ; Kulturphilosophie ; Ort ; Raum ; Philosophie ; Cultural Studies ; Cultural Theory ; Culture ; Erfahrung ; Experience ; Hermeneutics ; Hermeneutik ; Kultur ; Kulturphilosophie ; Kulturtheorie ; Kulturwissenschaft ; Phenomenology ; Philosophie ; Philosophy ; Philosophy of Culture ; Phänomenologie ; Place ; Raum ; Space ; Konferenzschrift 14.07.2016 ; Konferenzschrift 2016 ; Konferenzschrift 14.07.2016 ; Konferenzschrift 14.07.2016 ; Konferenzschrift 2016 ; Conference papers and proceedings ; Electronic books ; Konferenzschrift 2016 ; Philosophie ; Raum ; Erfahrung ; Kulturphilosophie ; Kulturwissenschaften ; Ort ; Phänomenologie
    Abstract: Rund um den Begriff »Ort« hat in der englischsprachigen Philosophie hermeneutischer und phänomenologischer Prägung ein Prozess der Theoriebildung eingesetzt, der in Deutschland bislang nur wenig rezipiert wurde.Der Band ändert dies - er vereint sowohl grundlegende philosophische Beiträge einschlägiger Autor_innen zum Ortsdenken als auch Beiträge, in denen die Ortsproblematik an konkreten Beispielen in Einzelanalysen verdeutlicht wird. Zum Thema wird dabei u.a. die Bedeutung des Ortes in der Literatur, in populären Medien wie Film und Computerspielen, in Kult und Mythos sowie in der Verquickung von Ökonomie und Alltagserfahrung
    Abstract: Around the term 'place' a process of theory formation has emerged in English-language philosophy with hermeneutic and phenomenological orientation, which in Germany has until now rarely been acknowledged. This book changes that - with both foundational philosophical contributions from relevant authors on thinking about 'place' as well as with articles which illustrate the difficulties of 'place' via individual analyses of concrete examples. It addresses among others the meaning of 'place' in literature, popular media such as film and computer games, cults and myths, as well as in the fusion of economy and everyday experience
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9789402411645 , 9789402411621
    Language: English
    Pages: vii, 144 Seiten
    Series Statement: Studies in global justice volume 16
    Series Statement: Studies in global justice
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Allen, Michael Civil Disobedience in Global Perspective
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    Keywords: Philosophy ; Political science ; Civil law ; Philosophy ; Political science ; Civil law ; Gewaltloser Widerstand ; Anstand ; Politische Philosophie ; Politische Wissenschaft ; Anstand ; Gewaltloser Widerstand ; Politische Philosophie ; Politische Wissenschaft
    Note: Literaturangaben
    URL: Cover
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9789402411485
    Language: English
    Pages: xxii, 224 Seiten , Illustrationen , 159 x 241 x 20
    Series Statement: The international library of ethics, law and technology volume 18
    Series Statement: The international library of ethics, law and technology
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    Keywords: Anthropology ; Computers and Society ; Computers and civilization ; Ethics ; Philosophy ; Floridi, Luciano 1964- ; Informationstheorie ; Ethik
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9783839435496
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Bioethik/Medizinethik Band 2
    Series Statement: Bioethik/Medizinethik
    Uniform Title: Hermeneutik der Sorge
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Alpen Adria Universität Klagenfurt 2015
    DDC: 610
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    Keywords: Ethics of Care ; Medizinische Ethik ; Lebenskunst ; Philosophie ; Fürsorge ; Ancient Philosophy ; Antike Philosophie ; Art of Living ; Care ; Ethics ; Ethik ; Lebenskunst ; Medical Ethics ; Medicine ; Medizin ; Medizinethik ; Pflege ; Philosophy ; Sorge ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Ethics of Care ; Medizinische Ethik ; Fürsorge ; Philosophie ; Lebenskunst
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  • 30
    ISBN: 9783837635492 , 383763549X
    Language: German
    Pages: 390 Seiten , 22.5 cm x 14.8 cm, 678 g
    Series Statement: Bioethik/Medizinethik Band 2
    Series Statement: Bioethik/Medizinethik
    Uniform Title: Hermeneutik der Sorge Dissertation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Alpen Adria Universität Klagenfurt 2015
    DDC: 610
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    Keywords: Ethics of Care ; Medizinische Ethik ; Lebenskunst ; Philosophie ; Fürsorge ; Ancient Philosophy ; Antike Philosophie ; Art of Living ; Care ; Ethics ; Ethik ; Lebenskunst ; Medical Ethics ; Medicine ; Medizin ; Medizinethik ; Pflege ; Philosophy ; Sorge ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Ethics of Care ; Medizinische Ethik ; Fürsorge ; Philosophie ; Lebenskunst
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 371-390 , Dissertation erschienen unter dem Titel: Schuchter, Patrick: Hermeneutik der Sorge
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  • 31
    ISBN: 9783837634365 , 3837634361
    Language: German
    Pages: 588 Seiten
    Edition: Neuausgabe
    Series Statement: Edition Moderne Postmoderne
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 641.01
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    Keywords: Angewandte Ethik ; Nahrungsaufnahme ; Philosophie ; Gastrosophie ; Culture ; Eating ; Ernährung ; Essen ; Esskultur ; Ethics ; Ethics of Consumption ; Ethik ; Food Studies ; Gastrosophie ; Gastrosophy ; Global Inequality ; Globale Ungleichheit ; Globalisierung ; Globalization ; Konsumethik ; Kultur ; Lebensstil ; Lifestyle ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Nutrition ; Philosophy ; Sustainability ; Welternährung ; World Nutrition ; Hochschulschrift ; Nahrungsaufnahme ; Philosophie ; Gastrosophie ; Angewandte Ethik
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9789401773768
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XX, 476 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Law, governance and technology series volume 24
    Series Statement: Law, Governance and Technology Ser. v.24
    Series Statement: Law, governance and technology series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Data protection on the move
    DDC: 302.2
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    Keywords: Philosophy ; Electronic books ; Konferenzschrift ; Konferenzschrift ; Europäische Union ; Datenschutz
    Abstract: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Mind the Air Gap -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Privacy Concerns for Domestic Robots -- 3 Why Privacy Need Not Be a Problem: Unravelling the Arguments -- 4 Mind the Air Gap: Prevention Rather Than Cure -- 5 Air Gaps and Domestic and Service Robots: A Look at the Issues -- 6 The Weaknesses of Air Gaps Revisited -- 7 Conclusion: A Plea for Privacy Before Design -- Bibliography -- Europe Versus Facebook: An Imbroglio of EU Data Protection Issues -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Safe Harbor Program -- 3 Factual and Legal Background -- 4 Comment and Analysis -- 4.1 Article 3 of the Safe Harbor Agreement -- 4.2 The EU Data Protection Directive -- 4.3 The EU Charter -- 5 Additional Issues -- 5.1 What if There Is no Transfer? -- 5.2 What if Facebook Inc. Must Comply with the Directive Pursuant to Article 4? -- 5.3 Can the DPAs Enforce Their Decisions? -- 6 Conclusion -- The Context-Dependence of Citizens' Attitudes and Preferences Regarding Privacy and Security -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Measuring People's Perceptions of Security Technologies -- 2.1 Operationalization of Privacy -- 2.2 Operationalization of Security -- 2.3 Vignettes as a Tool for Contextualisation -- 2.4 Data Collection -- 3 Descriptive Results -- 4 Determinant of Citizen's Acceptance of Specific Surveillance Oriented Security Technologies -- 4.1 Methodology -- 4.2 Results -- 5 Discussion of Results and Conclusions -- Bibliography -- On Locational Privacy in the Absence of Anonymous Payments -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Overview -- 2.1 Problem Space -- 2.2 Approach -- 2.3 Roaming -- 3 System Design -- 3.1 Group Signatures and XSGS -- 3.2 Bootstrapping the System -- 3.3 Setting up New Charging Stations -- 3.4 Decommission of Charging Stations -- 3.5 Ensuring Authenticity of Metering Data -- 3.6 Transmission of Metering Data.
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  • 33
    ISBN: 9783837630992
    Language: German
    Pages: 409 S.
    Series Statement: Kultur und Kollektiv 1
    Series Statement: Kultur und Kollektiv
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Dissertation note: Zugl.: Berlin, Freie Univ., Diss., 2012
    DDC: 100
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    Keywords: Tarde, Gabriel de ; Latour, Bruno ; Kollektivismus ; Sozialität ; Sozialordnung ; Actor-Network-Theory ; Universalien ; Sozialphilosophie ; Akteur-Netzwerk-Theorie ; Gabriel Tarde ; Wiederholung ; Universalien ; Sozialontologie ; Sozialität ; Gesellschaft ; Sozialphilosophie ; Soziologische Theorie ; Politische Philosophie ; Soziologie ; Philosophie ; Actor-network-theory ; Repetition ; Universals ; Social Ontology ; Social Relations ; Society ; Social Philosophy ; Sociological Theory ; Political Philosophy ; Sociology ; Philosophy ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Tarde, Gabriel de 1843-1904 ; Latour, Bruno 1947-2022 ; Sozialität ; Actor-Network-Theory ; Sozialphilosophie ; Universalien ; Sozialordnung ; Kollektivismus
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9783839431313
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (334 S.)
    Edition: 1. Aufl.
    Series Statement: Edition Moderne Postmoderne
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 302.1401
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    Keywords: Pragmatismus ; Soziale Anerkennung ; Sozialphilosophie ; Erfahrung ; Kritische Theorie ; Axel Honneth ; John Dewey ; Sozialität ; Sozialphilosophie ; Politische Philosophie ; Philosophie ; Politics of Acknowledgment ; Experience ; Critical Theory ; Social Relations ; Social Philosophy ; Political Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Soziale Anerkennung ; Pragmatismus ; Sozialphilosophie
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  • 35
    ISBN: 9789401791908
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 329 p. 4 illus., 3 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: The International Library of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Ethics 22
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Re-thinking organic food and farming in a changing world
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Quality of Life ; Geography ; Sustainable development ; Quality of Life Research ; Philosophy ; Biologische Landwirtschaft ; Biologisches Lebensmittel ; Ethik ; Biologische Landwirtschaft ; Biologisches Lebensmittel ; Ethik
    Abstract: This book is based on the assumption that “organic has lost its way”. Paradoxically, it comes at a time when we witness the continuing of growth in organic food production and markets around the world. Yet, the book claims that organic has lost sight of its first or fundamental philosophical principles and ontological assumptions. The collection offers empirically grounded discussions that address the principles and fundamental assumptions of organic farming and marketing practices. The book draws attention to the core principles of organic and offers different clearly articulated and well-defined conceptual frameworks that offer new insights into organic practices. Divided into five parts, the book presents new perspectives on enduring issues, examines standards and certification, gives insights into much-discussed and additional market and consumer issues, and reviews the interplay of organic and conventional farming. The book concludes with a framework for rethinking ethics in the organic movement and reflections on the positioning of organic ethics
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  • 36
    ISBN: 9789401798228
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 438 p. 52 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences 11
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Braillard, Pierre-Alain Explanation in biology
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy
    Abstract: Patterns of explanation in biology have long been recognized as different from those deployed in other scientific disciplines, especially physics. Celebrating the diversity of explanatory models found in biology, this volume details their varying types as well as their relationships to one another. It covers the key current debates in the philosophy of biology over the nature of explanation, and its apparent diversity that stems from a variety of historical, causal, mechanistic, or mathmatical explanatory practices. Offering a wealth of fresh analyses on the nature of explanation in contemporary biology chapters examine aspects ranging from the role of mathematics in explaining cell development to the complexities thrown up by evolutionary-developmental biology, where explanation is altered by multidisciplinarity itself. They cover major domains such as ecology and systems biology, as well as contemporary trends, such as the mechanistic explanations spawned by progress in molecular biology. With contributions from researchers of many different nationalities, the book provides a many-angled perspective on a revealing feature of the discipline of biology
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401791069
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 175 p. 5 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 116
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Sedation at the end-of-life
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Public health ; Public health laws ; Philosophy ; Ethics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Public health ; Public health laws ; Sterben ; Sedierung ; Palliativmedizin ; Recht ; Bioethik ; Moraltheologie
    Abstract: The book’s main contribution is its interdisciplinary approach to the issue of sedation at the end-of-life. Because it occurs at the end of life, palliative sedation raises a number of important ethical and legal questions, including whether it is a covert form of euthanasia and for what purposes it may legally be used. Many of the book chapters address the first question and almost all deal with a specific form of the second: whether palliative sedation should be used for those experiencing “existential suffering”? This raises the question of what existential suffering is, a topic that is also discussed in the book. The different chapters address these issues from the perspectives of the relevant disciplines: Palliative Medicine, Bioethics, Law and Theology. Hence, helpful accounts of the clinical and historical background for this issue are provided and the importance of drawing accurate ethical and legal distinctions is stressed throughout the whole book. So the volume represents a valuable contribution to the emerging literature on this topic and should be helpful across a broad spectrum of readers: philosophers, theologians and physicians
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  • 38
    Online Resource
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401790635
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 302 p. 13 illus., 12 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 115
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. From sky and earth to metaphysics
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Phenomenology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Kosmologie ; Phänomenologie ; Weltall ; Mensch ; Literatur ; Kunst ; Phänomenologie
    Abstract: This is an exceptional volume which expands upon the World Phenomenology Institute’s recent research: the study of the beautiful intertwining of the skies and the cosmos with the human pursuits of philosophy, literature and the arts. The relationship of humans to the cosmos is examined through the exploration of phenomenology, metaphysics and the arts. The authors of this volume write on a variety of topics which all seek to open the reader’s eyes to the relationship of humans and our perception of our place in the cosmos. This volume offers a framework in which to present a rich panorama; a variety of perspectives illustrating how the perception of the interplay between human beings and the celestial realm advances in common experience and worldviews. This attempt to uncover our cosmic position is a great and worthwhile intellectual challenge. Philosophy as well as literature and the arts are nourished by this human quest for knowledge and understanding
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  • 39
    ISBN: 9789401799560
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 176 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 74
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Leibniz's metaphysics and adoption of substantial forms
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 ; Metaphysik
    Abstract: This anthology is about the signal change in Leibniz’s metaphysics with his explicit adoption of substantial forms in 1678-79. This change can either be seen as a moment of discontinuity with his metaphysics of maturity or as a moment of continuity, such as a passage to the metaphysics from his last years. Between the end of his sejour at Paris (November 1676) and the first part of the Hanover period, Leibniz reformed his dynamics and began to use the theory of corporeal substance. This book explores a very important part of the philosophical work of the young Leibniz. Expertise from around the globe is collated here, including Daniel Garber’s work based on the recent publication of Leibniz's correspondence from the late 1690s, examining how the theory of monads developed during these crucial years. Richard Arthur argues that the introduction of substantial forms, reinterpreted as enduring primitive forces of action in each corporeal substance, allows Leibniz to found the reality of the phenomena of motion in force, and thus avoid reducing motion to a mere appearance. Amongst other themes covered in this book, Pauline Phemister’s paper investigates Leibniz’s views on animals and plants, highlighting changes, modifications and elaborations over time of Leibniz’s views and supporting arguments and paying particular attention to his claim that the future is already contained in the seeds of living things. The editor, Adrian Nita, contributes a paper on the continuity or discontinuity of Leibniz’s work on the question of the unity and identity of substance from the perspective of the relation with soul (anima) and mind (mens)
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  • 40
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789048129270
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 569 p. 10 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Dao Companions to Chinese Philosophy 6
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Dao companion to Daoist philosophy
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Regional planning ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Regional planning ; Religion (General) ; Taoismus ; Philosophie
    Abstract: This is the first comprehensive companion to the study of Daoism as a philosophical tradition. It provides a general overview of Daoist philosophy in various thinkers and texts from 6th century BCE to 5th century CE and reflects the latest academic developments in the field. It discusses theoretical and philosophical issues based on rigorous textual and historical investigations and examinations, reflecting both the ancient scholarship and modern approaches and methodologies. The themes include debates on the origin of the Daoism, the authorship and dating of the Laozi, the authorship and classification of chapters in the Zhuangzi, the themes and philosophical arguments in the Laozi and the Zhuangzi, their transformations and developments in Pre-Qin, Han, and Wei-Jin periods, by Huang-Lao school, Heguanzi, Wenzi, Huainanzi, Wang Bi, Guo Xiang, and Worthies in bamboo grove, among others. Each chapter is written by expert(s) and specialist(s) on the topic discussed
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  • 41
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401798709
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 323 p. 7 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 120
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    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Medicine and society, new perspectives in continental philosophy
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; medicine Philosophy ; Medicine ; Philosophy ; Medical ethics ; Medizinische Ethik ; Philosophie ; Medizin
    Abstract: This volume addresses some of the most prominent questions in contemporary bioethics and philosophy of medicine: ‘liberal’ eugenics, enhancement, the normal and the pathological, the classification of mental illness, the relation between genetics, disease and the political sphere, the experience of illness and disability, and the sense of the subject of bioethical inquiry itself. All of these issues are addressed from a “continental” perspective, drawing on a rich tradition of inquiry into these questions in the fields of phenomenology, philosophical hermeneutics, French epistemology, critical theory and post-structuralism. At the same time, the contributions engage with the Anglo-American debate, resulting in a fruitful and constructive conversation that not only shows the depth and breadth of continental perspectives in bioethics and medicine, but also opens new avenues of discussion and exploration. For decades European philosophers have offered important insights into the relation between the practices of medicine, the concept of illness, and society more broadly understood. These interventions have generally striven to be both historically nuanced and accessible to non-experts. From Georges Canguilhem’s seminal The Normal and the Pathological, Michel Foucault’s lectures on madness, sexuality, and biopolitics, Hans Jonas’s deeply thoughtful essays on the right to die, life extension, and ethics in a technological age, Hans-Georg Gadamer’s lectures on The Enigma of Health, and more recently Jürgen Habermas’s carefully nuanced interventions on the question of liberal eugenics, these thinkers have sought to engage the wider public as much as their fellow philosophers on questions of paramount importance to current bioethical and social-political debate. The essays contained here continue this tradition of engagement and accessibility. In the best practices of European philosophy, the contributions in this volume aim to engage with and stimulate a broad spectrum of readers, not just experts. In doing so the volume offers a showcase of the richness and rigor of continental perspectives on medicine and society.
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  • 42
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401797566
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 218 p. 7 illus, online resource)
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Hess, Kendy M. The Fallacy of Corporate Moral Agency, by David Rönnegard. Dordrecht: Springer, 2015. 218 pp. ISBN 978-94-017-9756-6 2016
    Series Statement: Issues in Business Ethics 44
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    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Economics ; Philosophy
    Abstract: It is uncontroversial that corporations are legal agents that can be held legally responsible, but can corporations also be moral agents that are morally responsible? Part one of this book explicates the most prominent theories of corporate moral agency and provides a detailed debunking of why corporate moral agency is a fallacy. This implies that talk of corporate moral responsibilities, beyond the mere metaphorical, is essentially meaningless. Part two takes the fallacy of corporate moral agency as its premise and spells out its implications. It shows how prominent normative theories within Corporate Social Responsibility, such as Stakeholder Theory and Social Contract Theory, rest on an implicit assumption of corporate moral agency. In this metaphysical respect such theories are untenable. In order to provide a more robust metaphysical foundation for corporations the book explicates the development of the corporate legal form in the US and UK, which displays how the corporation has come to have its current legal attributes. This historical evolution shows that the corporation is a legal fiction created by the state in order to serve both public and private goals. The normative implication for corporate accountability is that citizens of democratic states ought to primarily make calls for legal enactments in order to hold the corporate legal instruments accountable to their preferences
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  • 43
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401793490
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 210 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in Philosophy, Religion and Public Life 2
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; History ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This notable collection provides an interdisciplinary platform for prominent thinkers who have all made significant recent contributions to exploring the nexus of philosophy and narrative. It includes the latest assessments of several key positions in the current philosophical debate. These perspectives underpin a range of thematic strands exploring the influence of narrative on notions of selfhood, identity, temporal experience, and the emotions, among others. Drawing from the humanities, literature, history and religious studies as well as philosophy, the volume opens with papers on narrative intelligence and the relationship between narrative and agency. It features special sections of in-depth commentary on a range of topics. How, for example, do narrative and philosophical biography interact? Do celebrated biographical and autobiographical accounts of the lives of philosophers contribute to our understanding of their work? This new volume has a substantive remit that incorporates the intercultural religious view of philosophy’s links to narrative together with its many secular aspects. A valuable new resource for more advanced scholars in all its constituent disciplines, it represents a significant addition to the literature of this richly productive area of research
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9789401790178
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 362 p, online resource)
    Edition: 2nd ed. 2015
    Series Statement: International Library of Ethics, Law, and the New Medicine 58
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Mental health in South Asia
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Psychiatry ; Medical ethics ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Südasien ; Psychische Gesundheit ; Psychohygiene
    Abstract: This book tackles the issue of mental health legislation in South Asia. The first of its kind, it addresses an issue that is necessary for protecting the rights of people with mental disorders and serves as an essential text for reinforcing mental health policy in South Asia. it is a timely addition to our global understanding of mental health and how different regions address it.Asia is by far the largest continent in the world in terms of area with population exceeding 3.5 billion and has dozens of cultures, religions, languages and ethnic groups. As a result of its highly varied political systems, Asia also spawns a wide variety of health care systems including mental health care systems, often based on historical roots and at times colonial heritages. The people who suffer from mental or neurological disorders in the continent form a vulnerable section of society and often face stigma, discrimination and marginalization in all societies, and this increases the likelihood that their human rights will be violated
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9789401794428
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 372 p. 4 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions To Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 74
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
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    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Horizons of authenticity in phenomenology, existentialism, and moral psychology
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Humanities ; Consciousness ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Phänomenologie ; Existenzialismus ; Existenzphilosophie ; Authentizität ; Ethik ; Moralpsychologie
    Abstract: This volume centers on the exploration of the ways in which the canonical texts and thinkers of the phenomenological and existential tradition can be utilized to address contemporary, concrete philosophical issues. In particular, the included essays address the key facets of the work of Charles Guignon, and as such, honor and extend his thought and approach to philosophy. To this end, the four main sections of the volume deal with the question of authenticity, i.e. what it means to be an authentic person, the ways in which the phenomenological and existential traditions can impact the sciences, how best to understand the fact of human mortality, and, finally, the ways philosophical reflection can help address current questions of value. The volume is designed primarily to serve as a secondary resource for students and specialists interested in rediscovering the practical application of existential and phenomenological thought. The collection of scholarly essays, then, could be used in conjunction with some of the more recent scholarship concerning the practical value of philosophy. Along with contributing to previous scholarship, the essays in this proposed volume attempt to update and expand the scope of phenomenological and existential inquiry
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  • 46
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401798372
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXIV, 221 p. 19 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences 12
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    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Moreno, Alvaro Biological autonomy
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Biological models ; Consciousness ; Philosophy ; Biologie ; Philosophie ; Systembiologie ; Biologisches Modell
    Abstract: Since Darwin, Biology has been framed on the idea of evolution by natural selection, which has profoundly influenced the scientific and philosophical comprehension of biological phenomena and of our place in Nature. This book argues that contemporary biology should progress towards and revolve around an even more fundamental idea, that of autonomy. Biological autonomy describes living organisms as organised systems, which are able to self-produce and self-maintain as integrated entities, to establish their own goals and norms, and to promote the conditions of their existence through their interactions with the environment. Topics covered in this book include organisation and biological emergence, organisms, agency, levels of autonomy, cognition, and a look at the historical dimension of autonomy. The current development of scientific investigations on autonomous organisation calls for a theoretical and philosophical analysis. This can contribute to the elaboration of an original understanding of life - including human life - on Earth, opening new perspectives and enabling fecund interactions with other existing theories and approaches. This book takes up the challenge
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  • 47
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401795791
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXVIII, 1224 p. 120 illus, online resource)
    Edition: 2nd ed. 2015
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 119
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Sadegh-Zadeh, Kazem Handbook of analytic philosophy and medicine
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; medicine Philosophy ; Medicine ; Bioinformatics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; medicine Philosophy ; Medicine ; Bioinformatics
    Abstract: Medical practice is practiced morality, and clinical research belongs to normative ethics. The present book elucidates and advances this thesis by: 1. analyzing the structure of medical language, knowledge, and theories; 2. inquiring into the foundations of the clinical encounter; 3. introducing the logic and methodology of clinical decision-making, including artificial intelligence in medicine; 4. suggesting comprehensive theories of organism, life, and psyche; of health, illness, and disease; of etiology, diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, and therapy; and 5. investigating the moral and metaphysical issues central to medical practice and research. Many systems of (classical, modal, non-classical, probability, and fuzzy) logic are introduced and applied. Fuzzy medical deontics, fuzzy medical ontology, fuzzy medical concept formation, fuzzy medical decision-making and biomedicine and many other techniques of fuzzification in medicine are introduced for the first time
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword; Preface to the Second Edition; Preface to the First Edition; Contents; Introduction; 0.1 A Fresh Start; 0.2 The Objective; 0.3 The Subject; 0.4 Methods of Inquiry; 0.5 How to Read this Book; Part I The Language of Medicine; 1 The Epistemic Impact of Medical Language; 1.0 Introduction; 1.1 Types of Knowledge; 1.2 Propositional Knowledge; 1.3 Propositions and Facts; 1.4 Medical Sentences and Statements; 1.5 Medical Concepts; 1.6 How to Care About our Medical Concepts?; 1.7 Summary; 2 The Syntax and Semantics of Medical Language; 2.0 Introduction
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1 Medical Language is an Extended Natural Language2.2 What a Medical Term Means; 2.3 Ambiguity; 2.4 Vagueness; 2.4.1 The Nature of Vagueness; 2.4.2 The Sorites Paradox; 2.4.3 Varieties of Vagueness; 2.5 Clarity and Precision; 2.6 Semantic Nihilism; 2.7 Summary; 3 The Pragmatics of Medical Language; 3.0 Introduction; 3.1 The So-Called Language Games; 3.2 Assertion, Acceptance, and Rejection; 3.3 Speech Acts in Medicine; 3.3.1 Constatives; 3.3.2 Performatives; 3.4 The Pragmatic Impact of Medical Language; 3.5 The Communal Origin of Medical Language; 3.6 Summary; 4 Medical Linguistics
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.0 Introduction4.1 What Medical Linguistics is; 4.2 Vocabularies; 4.3 Medical Terminologies; 4.3.1 Medical Nomenclatures; Anatomical nomenclatures; Nosological nomenclatures; 4.3.2 International Classification of Diseases (ICD); 4.3.3 Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine (SNOMED); 4.3.4 GALEN, GRAIL, UMLS, MeSH, et al.; 4.4 Summary; 5 Varieties of Medical Concepts; 5.0 Introduction; 5.1 Qualitative, Comparative, and Quantitative Concepts; 5.1.1 Individual Concepts; 5.1.2 Qualitative Concepts; 5.1.3 Comparative Concepts; 5.1.4 Quantitative Concepts; 5.2 Dispositional Terms in Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.3 Linguistic and Numerical Variables in Medicine5.4 Non-Classical; 5.5 Summary; 6Fundamentals of Medical Concept Formation; 6.0 Introduction; 6.1 What a Definition is; 6.2 What Role a Definition Plays; 6.3 Methods of Definition; 6.3.1 Explicit Definition; 6.3.2 Conditional Definition; 6.3.3 Operational Definition; 6.3.4 Definition by Cases; 6.3.5 Recursive Definition; 6.3.6 Set-Theoretical Definition; 6.3.7 Ostensive Definition; 6.4 What an Explication is; 6.4.1 What: Quod; 6.4.2 Is; 6.5 Summary; Part II Medical Praxiology; 7The Patient; 7.0 Introduction; 7.1 The Suffering Individual
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.2 The Bio-Psycho-Social Agent7.2.0 Introduction; 7.2.1 The Living Body; 7.2.2 The Psyche; 7.2.3 The Social Agent; 7.2.4 Summary; 7.3 Health, Illness, and Disease; 7.3.0 Introduction; 7.3.1 Disease; 7.3.2 Health; 7.3.3 Illness; 7.3.4 Disease, Health, and Illness Violate Classical Logic; 7.3.5 Summary; 7.4 Systems of Disease; 7.4.0 Introduction; 7.4.1 Symptomatology; 7.4.2 Nosological Systems; 7.4.3 Pathology; 7.4.4 Nosological Spaces; 7.4.5 Summary; 7.5 Etiology; 7.5.0 Introduction; 7.5.1 Cause and Causation; 7.5.2 Deterministic Etiology; 7.5.3 Probabilistic Etiology; 7.5.4 Fuzzy Etiology
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.5.5 Summary
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 48
    ISBN: 9789401793797
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 330 p. 25 illus., 19 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions To Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 73
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Aesthetics and the embodied mind
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; Phenomenology ; Consciousness ; Philosophy ; Cartesischer Dualismus ; Ästhetik
    Abstract: The project of naturalizing human consciousness/experience has made great technical strides (e.g., in mapping areas of brain activity), but has been hampered in many cases by its uncritical reliance on a dualistic “Cartesian” paradigm (though as some of the authors in the collection point out, assumptions drawn from Plato and from Kant also play a role). The present volume proposes a version of naturalism in aesthetics drawn from American pragmatism (above all from Dewey, but also from James and Peirce)-one primed from the start to see human beings not only as embodied, but as inseparable from the environment they interact with-and provides a forum for authors from diverse disciplines to address specific scientific and philosophical issues within the anti-dualistic framework considering aesthetic experience as a process of embodied meaning-making. Cross-disciplinary contributions come from leading researchers including Mark Johnson, Jim Garrison, Daniel D. Hutto, John T. Haworth, Luca F. Ticini, Beatriz Calvo-Merino. The volume covers pragmatist aesthetics, neuroaesthetics, enactive cognitive science, literary studies, psychology of aesthetics, art and design, sociology
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  • 49
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400721531
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 134 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in the History of Philosophy of Mind 10
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Epistemology ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Epistemology ; Philosophy of mind
    Abstract: This book is about the epistemological views and arguments of the early Stoics. It discusses such questions as: How is knowledge possible, and what is it? How do we perceive things and acquire notions of them? Should we rely on arguments? How do we come to make so many mistakes? The author tries to give a comprehensive and conservative account of Stoic epistemology as a whole as it was developed by Chrysippus. He emphasizes how the epistemological views of the Stoics are interrelated among themselves and with views from Stoic physics and logic. There are a number of Stoic views and arguments that we will never know about. But there are passages on Stoic epistemology in Sextus Empiricus, Galen, Plutarch, Cicero, and a few others authors. The book is like a big jigsaw puzzle of these scattered pieces of evidence
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction1. From Zeno to Chrysippus -- 2. Nurtured by Nature -- 3. Our thoughts and their objects -- 4. Knowledge and mistakes -- 5. Our progress towards virtue -- 6. From Carneades to Cicero -- Bibliography.
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  • 50
    ISBN: 9789401797047
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 243 p. 2 illus., 1 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Issues in Business Ethics 43
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    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Economics ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This book offers different perspectives onHumanism as developed by Catholic Social Teaching, with a particular focus on its relevance in economics and business. The work is composed of three sections, covering what is meant by Christian Humanism, how it links with economic activity, and its practical relevance in the business world of today. Itreviewsthe historical development of Christian Humanism and discusses the arguments which justify it in the current cultural context and how it contributes to human development. The book argues that the current recognition of human dignity and the existence of innate human rights are both ultimately rooted in Christian Humanism. Itsets out the importance of the concept for economic activities, and how Christian Humanism can serve as a metaphysical foundation and ethical basis for a social market economy. Applying Christian Humanism to business leads to the centrality of the person in organizations and to seeing the company as a community of persons working together for the common good. Three thought-provoking case studies illustrate the wide-reaching positive impacts of applying Christian Humanism in the organization
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  • 51
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401794480
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 191 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Sophia Studies in Cross-cultural Philosophy of Traditions and Cultures 8
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Politics of religion - religions of politics
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Konferenzschrift XX.02.2010 ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Politik ; Religion ; Religionspolitik ; Religionsphilosophie
    Abstract: The liberal enlightenment as well as the more radical left have both traditionally opposed religion as a reactionary force in politics, a view culminating in an identification of the politics of religion as fundamentalist theocracy. But recently a number of thinkers-Agamben, Badiou, Tabues and in particular Simon Critchley-have begun to explore a more productive engagement of the religious and the political in which religion features as a possible or even necessary form of human emancipation. The papers in this collection, deriving from a workshop held on and with Simon Critchley at the University of Texas at San Antonio in February 2010, take up the ways in which religion’s encounter with politics transforms not only politics but also religion itself, molding it into various religions of politics, including not just heretical religious metaphysics, but also what Critchley describes as non-metaphysical religion, the faith of the faithless. Starting from Critchley’s own genealogy of Pauline faith, the articles in this collection explore and defend some of the religions of politics and their implications. Costica Bradatan teases out the implications of Critchley’s substitution of humor for tragedy as the vehicle for the minimal self-distancing required for any politics. Jill Stauffer compares Critchley’s non-metaphysical religiosity with Charles Taylor’s account of Christianity. Alistair Welchman unpacks the political theology of the border in terms of god’s timeless act of creation. Anne O’Byrne explores the subtle dialectic between mores and morality in Rousseau’s political ethics. Roland Champagne sees a kind non-metaphysical religion in Arendt’s category of the political pariah. Davide Panagia presents Critchley’s ethics of exposure as the basis for a non-metaphysical political bond. Philip Quadrio wonders about the political ramifications of Critchley’s own ‘mystical anarchism’ and Tina Chanter re-reads the primal site in the Western tradition at which the political and the religious intersect, the Antigone story, side-stepping philosophical interpretations of the story (dominated by Hegel’s reading) by means of a series of post-colonial re-imaginings of the play. The collection concludes with an interview with Simon Critchley taking up the themes of the workshop in the light of more recent political events: the Arab Spring and the rise and fall of the Occupy movement
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  • 52
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400747074
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXII, 1850 p. 31 illus., 20 illus. in color. eReference, online ressource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Clausen, Jens, 1969 - Handbook of neuroethics
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences ; Philosophy ; Public health laws ; Ethics ; Neurology ; Life sciences ; Medical laws and legislation. ; Ethik ; Hirnforschung ; Neurowissenschaften
    Abstract: Neuroethics - as a multi-disciplinary and inter-disciplinary endeavor - examines the implications of the neurosciences on human beings in general and on their self-understanding and their social interactions in particular. The range of approaches adopted in neuroethics includes but is not limited to historical, anthropological, ethical, philosophical, theological, sociological and legal approaches. Based on the study of neuroscientific developments and innovations, examined from different angles, this Handbook provides a comprehensive overview of the international neuroethical debate, and offers unprecedented insights into the impact of neuroscientific research, diagnosis, and therapy. This Handbook deals with a plethora of topics divided into in three parts: the first part contains discussions of theories of neuroethics, identity, free will, as well as other philosophical considerations. The second part is dedicated to issues involved in current and future clinical applications of neurosciences, such as brain stimulation, brain imaging, prosthetics, addiction, and psychiatric ethics. The final part deals with neuroethics and society and includes chapters on neurolaw, neurotheology, neuromarketing, and enhancement
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9789401788878
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XX, 211 p. 2 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences 7
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Classification, disease and evidence
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Medicine ; Medical ethics ; Philosophy ; Medizin ; Philosophie
    Abstract: This anthology of essays presents a sample of studies from recent philosophy of medicine addressing issues which attempt to answer very general (interdependent) questions: (a) what is a disease and what is health? (b) How do we (causally) explain diseases? (c) And how do we distinguish diseases, i.e. define classes of diseases and recognize that an instance X of disease belongs to a given class B? (d) How do we assess and choose cure/ therapy? The book is divided into three sections: classification, disease, and evidence. In general, attention is focused on statistics in medicine and epidemiology, issues in psychiatry, and connecting medicine with evolutionary biology and genetics. Many authors position the theories that they address within their historical contexts. The nature of health and disease will be addressed in several essays that also touch upon very general questions about the definition of medicine and its status. Several chapters scrutinize classification because of its centrality within philosophical problems raised by medicine and its core position in the philosophical questioning of psychiatry. Specificities of medical explanation have recently come under a new light, particularly because of the rise of statistical methods, and several chapters investigate these methods in specific contexts such as epidemiology or meta-analysis of random testing. Taken together this collection addresses the question of how we gather, use and assess evidence for various medical theories. The rich assortment of disciplines featured also includes epidemiology, parasitology, and public health, while technical aspects such as the application of game theory to medical research and the misuse of the DSM in forensic psychiatry are also given an airing. The book addresses more than the construction of medical knowledge, however, adding cogent appraisal of the processes of decision making in medicine and the protocols used to justify therapeutic choices
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  • 54
    ISBN: 9783839426449
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (248 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Edition Moderne Postmoderne
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 304.2301
    Keywords: Kulturwissenschaften ; Spatial turn ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Kultur ; Philosophie ; Ort ; Soziologie ; Spatial Turn ; Kulturphilosophie ; Kulturtheorie ; Kulturwissenschaft ; Space ; Culture ; Philosophy ; Place ; Sociology ; Philosophy of Culture ; Cultural Theory ; Cultural Studies ; Raum ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Spatial turn ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Kulturwissenschaften
    Note: Lizenzpflichtig , Langzeitarchivierung gewährleistet, LZA
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  • 55
    ISBN: 9789400779143
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (vi, 248 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Philosophy of Engineering and Technology Volume 17
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The moral status of technical artefacts
    DDC: 303.483
    RVK:
    Keywords: Technology -- Social aspects ; Engineering design -- Philosophy ; Technology ; Social aspects ; Engineering design ; Philosophy ; Electronic books ; Engineering ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Political science ; Technology ; Technik ; Artefakt ; Ethik ; Artefakt ; Ethik ; Technik
    Abstract: This book considers the question: to what extent does it make sense to qualify technical artefacts as moral entities? The authors' contributions trace recent proposals and topics including instrumental and non-instrumental values of artefacts, agency and artefactual agency, values in and around technologies, and the moral significance of technology. The editors' introduction explains that as 'agents' rather than simply passive instruments, technical artefacts may actively influence their users, changing the way they perceive the world, the way they act in the world and the way they interact with each other. This volume features the work of various experts from around the world, representing a variety of positions on the topic. Contributions explore the contested discourse on agency in humans and artefacts, defend the Value Neutrality Thesis by arguing that technological artefacts do not contain, have or exhibit values, or argue that moral agency involves both human and non-human elements.The book also investigates technological fields that are subject to negative moral valuations due to the harmful effects of some of their products. It includes an analysis of some difficulties arising in Artificial Intelligence and an exploration of values in Chemistry and in Engineering. The Moral Status of Technical Artefacts is an advanced exploration of the various dimensions of the relations between technology and morality.
    Abstract: Intro -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Introduction: The Moral Status of Technical Artefacts -- Reference -- Chapter 2: Agency in Humans and in Artifacts: A Contested Discourse -- 2.1 Intentions, Ethics, and Artifacts -- 2.2 Artifacts with Secondary Agency -- 2.3 Artifacts as Delegated Agents -- 2.4 Artifacts and Cultures -- 2.5 Questioning Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3: Towards a Post-human Intra-actional Account of Sociomaterial Agency (and Morality) -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Making Sense of Sociomaterial Agency (and Morality) -- 3.2.1 The Inter-actional Human-Centred Account of Sociomaterial Agency -- 3.2.2 The Intra-actional Post-humanist Account of Sociomaterial Agency -- 3.3 Figuring Intra-actional Agency in the Plagiarism Detection Phenomenon -- 3.3.1 'Cutting and Pasting' and the Reconstitution of Writing and Authorship -- 3.3.2 The Emergence of the Phenomenon of Plagiarism -- 3.3.3 'Cutting and Pasting' and the Constitution of the Plagiarist -- 3.3.4 PDS, Education and the Production of Intellectual Property -- 3.4 Intra-actional Agency and Disclosive Ethics -- 3.4.1 Disclosive Archaeology of Phenomena -- 3.4.2 Towards Intra-actional Responsibility -- References -- Chapter 4: Which Came First, the Doer or the Deed? -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Individualism -- 4.3 A Modernist Frame -- 4.4 Composite Agency -- 4.5 A Postmodernist Frame -- 4.6 Zooming Out -- 4.7 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5: Some Misunderstandings About the Moral Significance of Technology -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Do Artifacts Have Morality? -- 5.3 Do Artifacts Have Agency? -- 5.4 Can Things Have Intentionality? -- 5.5 Can Freedom Be Technologically Mediated? -- 5.6 Conclusion: Is There a Symmetry Between Humans and Technologies? -- References -- Chapter 6: "Guns Don't Kill, People Kill" -- Values in and/or Around Technologies -- 6.1 Introduction.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters. Description based on print version record
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789048129218
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 422 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Dao Companions to Chinese Philosophy 5
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dao companion to Japanese Confucian philosophy
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Regional planning ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy, Confucian--Japan. ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Japan ; Konfuzianismus ; Ideengeschichte 1600-1868
    Abstract: This volume features in-depth philosophical analyses of major Japanese Confucian philosophers as well as themes and topics addressed in their writings. Its main historical focus is the early-modern period (1600-1868), when much original Confucian philosophizing occurred. Written by scholars from the United States, Canada, Europe, Australia, Japan, and China and eclectic in methodology and disciplinary approach, this anthology seeks to advance new multidimensional studies of Japanese Confucian philosophy for English language readers. It presents essays that focus on Japanese Confucianism, while including topics related to Buddhism, Shintō, Nativism, and even Andō Shōeki 安藤昌益 (1703-1762), one of the most vehement critics of Confucianism in all of East Asia. The book builds on the premise that Japanese Confucian philosophy consists in the ongoing engagement in critical, self-reflective discussions of and speculative theorizing about ethics, epistemology, metaphysics, political theory, and spiritual problems, as well as aesthetics, cosmology, and ontology
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  • 57
    ISBN: 9789048194735
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 988 p. 79 illus., 18 illus. in color. eReference, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Eemeren, Frans H. van, 1946 - Handbook of argumentation theory
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Logic ; Law ; Social sciences ; Linguistics. ; Argumentationstheorie
    Abstract: The Handbook Argumentation Theory provides an up to date survey of the various theoretical contributions to the development of argumentation theory for all scholars interested in argumentation, informal logic and rhetoric. It describes the historical roots of modern argumentation theory that are still an important theoretical background to contemporary approaches. Because of the complexity, diversity and rate of developments in argumentation theory, there is a real need for an overview of the state of the art, the main approaches that can be distinguished and the distinctive features of these approaches. The Handbook covers classical and modern backgrounds to the study of argumentation, the New Rhetoric developed by Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca, the Toulmin model, formal approaches, informal logic, communication and rhetoric, pragmatic approaches, linguistic approaches and pragma-dialectics. The Handbook is co-authored by Frans H. van Eemeren, Bart Garssen, Erik C.W. Krabbe, A. Francisca Snoeck Henkemans, Bart Verheij and Jean Wagemans, who are a coherent and prominent writing team whose expertise covers the whole field. The authors are assisted by an international Editorial Board consisting of outstanding argumentation scholars whose fields of interest are represented in the volume
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401794510
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 90 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Philosophy
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of mind ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This book addresses a tightly knit cluster of questions in the philosophy of mind. There is the question: Are mental properties identical with physical properties? An affirmative answer would seem to secure the truth of physicalism regarding the mind, i.e., the belief that all mental phenomena obtain solely in virtue of physical phenomena. If the answer is negative, then the question arises: Can this solely in virtue of relation be understood as some kind of dependence short of identity? And answering this requires answering two further questions. Exactly what sort of dependence on the physical does physicalism require, and what is needed for a property or phenomenon to qualify as physical? It is argued that multiple realizability still provides irresistible proof (especially with the possibility of immaterial realizers) that mental properties are not identical with any properties of physics, chemistry, or biology. After refuting various attempts to formulate nonreductive physicalism with the notion of realization, a new definition of physicalism is offered. This definition shows how it could be that the mental depends solely on the physical even if mental properties are not identical with those of the natural sciences. Yet, it is also argued that the sort of psychophysical dependence described is robust enough that if it were to obtain, then in a plausible and robust sense of ‘physical’, mental properties would still qualify as physical properties
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9789400769342
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 372 p. 7 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in the Philosophy of Sociality 2
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Institutions, emotions, and group agents
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Consciousness ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Consciousness ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Sozialphilosophie ; Ontologie ; Gruppe ; Institution ; Sozialphilosophie ; Gruppe ; Institution
    Abstract: The contributions gathered in this volume present the state of the art in key areas of current social ontology. They focus on the role of collective intentional states in creating social facts, and on the nature of intentional properties of groups that allow characterizing them as responsible agents, or perhaps even as persons. Many of the essays are inspired by contemporary action theory, emotion theory, and theories of collective intentionality. Another group of essays revisits early phenomenological approaches to social ontology and accounts of sociality that draw on the Hegelian idea of recognition. This volume is organized into three parts. First, the volume discusses themes highlighted in John Searle’s work and addresses questions concerning the relation between intentions and the deontic powers of institutions, the role of disagreement, and the nature of collective intentionality. Next, the book focuses on joint and collective emotions and mutual recognition, and then goes on to explore the scope and limits of group agency, or group personhood, especially the capacity for responsible agency. The variety of philosophical traditions mirrored in this collection provides readers with a rich and multifaceted survey of present research in social ontology. It will help readers deepen their understanding of three interrelated and core topics in social ontology: the constitution and structure of institutions, the role of shared evaluative attitudes, and the nature and role of group agents
    Description / Table of Contents: AcknowledgementsChapter 1. Introduction: Contributions to Social Ontology-Institutions, Emotions, and Group Agents; Anita Konzelmann Ziv and Hans Bernhard Schmid -- Part I: Intentionality and Institutions -- Chapter 2. Document Acts; Barry Smith -- Chapter 3. Searlean Reflections on Sacred Mountains; Filip Buekens -- Chapter 4. Social Objects without Intentions; Brian Epstein -- Chapter 5. The Logical Form of Totalitarianism; Jennifer Hudin -- Chapter 6. Groups, Normativity and Disagreement; Rodrigo E. Sànchaz Brigido -- Chapter 7. Joint Actions, Social Institutions and Collective Goods: A Teleological Account; Seumas Miller -- Chapter 8. Three Types of Heterotropic Intentionality: A Taxonomy in Social Ontology; Francesca De Vecchi -- Part II: Shared Emotions and Recognition -- Chapter 9. Emergence and Empathy; Ronald De Sousa -- Chapter 10. The Functions of Collective Emotions in Social Groups; Mikko Salmela -- Chapter 11. Feelings of Being-Together and Caring With; H. Andrés Sànchez Guerrero -- Chapter 12. Joining the Background: Habitual Sentiments behind We-Intentionality; Emanuele Caminada -- Chapter 13. Collective Intentionality and Recognition from Others; Arto Laitinen -- Chapter 14. The Conditions of Collectivity: Joint Commitment and the Shared Norms of Membership; Titus Stahl -- Part III: Collective Reasons and Group Agency -- Chapter 15. Acting Over Time, Acting Together; Michael E. Bratman -- Chapter 16. How Where We Stand Constrains Where I Stand: Applying Bratman’s Account of Self-Governance to Collective Action; Joseph Kisolo-Ssonko -- Chapter 17. Team Reasoning and Shared Intention; Abraham Sesshu Roth -- Chapter 18. Collective Intentionality and Practical Reason; Juliette Gloor -- Chapter 19. The SANE Approach to Real Collective Responsibility; Sara Chant -- Chapter 20. Are Individualist Accounts of Collective Responsibility Morally Deficient?; András Szigeti -- Chapter 21. Can Groups Be Autonomous Rational Agents? A Challenge to the List-Pettit-Theory; Vuko Andric -- Chapter 22. Direct and Indirect Common Belief; Emiliano Lorini and Andreas Herzig.
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  • 60
    ISBN: 9789400769670
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 746 p. 1 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in the History of Philosophy of Mind 12
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Sourcebook for the history of the philosophy of mind
    Parallel Title: Print version Sourcebook for the History of the Philosophy of Mind : Philosophical Psychology from Plato to Kant
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, medieval ; Philosophy of mind ; Psychology History ; Philosophy ; Philosophy of Mind ; Geschichte ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Fresh translations of key texts, exhaustive coverage from Plato to Kant, and detailed commentary by expert scholars of philosophy add up to make this sourcebook the first and most comprehensive account of the history of the philosophy of mind. Published at a time when the philosophy of mind and philosophical psychology are high-profile domains in current research, the volume will inform our understanding of philosophical questions by shedding light on the origins of core conceptual assumptions often arrived at before the instauration of psychology as a recognized subject in its own right. The chapters closely follow historical developments in our understanding of the mind, with sections dedicated to ancient, medieval Latin and Arabic, and early modern periods of development. The volume’s structural clarity enables readers to trace the entire progression of philosophical understanding on specific topics related to the mind, such as the nature of perception. Doing so reveals the fascinating contrasts between current and historical approaches. In addition to its all-inclusive source material, the volume provides subtle expert commentary that includes critical introductions to each thematic section as well as detailed engagement with the central texts. A voluminous bibliography includes hundreds of primary and secondary sources. The sheer scale of this new publication sheds light on the progression, and discontinuities, in our study of the philosophy of mind, and represents a major new sourcebook in a field of extreme importance to our understanding of humanity as a whole
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 61
    ISBN: 9789400770829
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 280 p. 7 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Advances in Business Ethics Research, A Journal of Business Ethics Book Series 4
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Accounting for the public interest
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Auditing ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Auditing ; Rechnungslegung ; Ethik ; Rechnungslegung ; Ethik
    Abstract: This volume explores the opportunities and challenges facing the accounting profession in an increasingly globalized business and financial reporting environment. It looks back at past experiences of the profession in attempting to meet its public interest obligation. It examines the role and responsibilities of accounting to society including regulatory requirements, increased emphasis on corporate social responsibility, accounting fraud and whistle-blowing implications, internationalization of public interest obligations, and providing the education needed to be successful. The book incorporates an ethical dimension in making these assessments. Its focus is a conceptual, theoretical one drawing on classical philosophy, the sociology of professions, economic theory, and the public interest dimension of accountants as professionals. The authors of papers are long-time contributors to the annual symposium on Research in Accounting Ethics sponsored by the Public Interest Section of the AAA.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 62
    ISBN: 9789400760349
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 281 p. 6 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology 68
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Schutzian phenomenology and hermeneutic traditions
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Social sciences Methodology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Social sciences Methodology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Hermeneutik ; Phänomenologische Soziologie ; Schütz, Alfred 1899-1959 ; Hermeneutik ; Phänomenologische Soziologie ; Schütz, Alfred 1899-1959
    Abstract: Schutzian Phenomenology and Hermeneutic Traditions links Alfred Schutz to the larger hermeneutic tradition in Continental thought, illuminating the deep affinity between Schutzian phenomenology and hermeneutics. The essays collected here explore a broad spectrum of Schutzian themes and concerns, from Schutz’s concrete affinities to hermeneutic traditions, his interpretationism and the pragmatist nature of Schutz’s thought, to questions concerning the role of the media and music in our understanding of the life-world and intersubjectivity. The essays go on to explore the practical applicability of Schutz’s thoughts on questions regarding economics, literature, ethics and the limits of human understanding. Given its emphasis on the application of Schutzian ideas and concepts, this book willbe of special interest to a wide range of readers in the social sciences and humanities, who are interested in the application of phenomenology to social, political, and cultural phenomena
    Description / Table of Contents: INTRODUCTORY ESSAY.- Reflections on the Relationship of ‘Social Phenomenology’ and Hermeneutics in Alfred Schutz:  An Introduction, M. STAUDIGL.- I. SCHUTZIAN PHENOMENOLOGY AND HERMENEUTIC TRADITIONS.- The Lifeworld Analysis of Alfred Schutz and the Methodology of the Social Sciences, T. EBERLE.- Understanding Sociologies and Tradition(s) of Hermeneutics, M. ENDRESS.-  Alfred Schutz and a Hermeneutical Sociology of Knowledge, H. NASU.-  The Interpretationism of Alfred Schutz or How Woodcutting can have Referential and Non-Referential Meaning, L. EMBREEII. THEORETICAL AND CONCEPTUAL REASSESSMENTS.-  Pragmatic theory of the life-world and hermeneutics of the social sciences, I. SRUBAR.-  Media Structures of the Life-World, R. AYASS.- The Musical Foundations of Alfred Schutz’ Hermeneutics of the Social World, A. G. STASCHEIT.- III. EXPLORATIONS OF THE PRACTICAL WORLD.-  Scientific Practice and the World of Working: Beyond Schutz’s Wirkwelt, D. BISCHUR.-  Hermeneutics of Transcendence:  Understanding and Communication at the Limits of Experience, A. HILT --    Alfred Schutz’s Practical-Hermeneutical Approach to Law and Normativity, I. COPOERU.-  Everyday Morality. Questions with and for Alfred Schutz, B. WALDENFELS .- IV. INVESTIGATIONS INTO MULTIPLE REALITIES.- Goffman and Schutz on multiple realities, G. PSATHAS.- Literature and the Limits of Pragmatism:  Alfred Schutz’s Goethe Manuscripts, M. D. BARBER.- Life-World Analysis and Literary Interpretation. On the Reconstruction of Symbolic Reality Spheres, J. DREHER.- Image Worlds. Aesthetic Experience and the Problem of Hermeneutics in the Social Sciences, D. TÄNZLER.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 63
    ISBN: 9789400760011
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 457 p. 29 illus., 16 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in Brain and Mind 6
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Neurosciences ; Philosophy of mind ; Computer vision ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Neurosciences ; Philosophy of mind ; Computer vision
    Abstract: This volume is product of the third online consciousness conference, held at http://consciousnessonline.com in February and March 2011. Chapters range over epistemological issues in the science and philosophy of perception, what neuroscience can do to help us solve philosophical issues in the philosophy of mind, what the true nature of black and white vision, pain, auditory, olfactory, or multi-modal experiences are, to higher-order theories of consciousness, synesthesia, among others. Each chapter includes a target article, commentaries, and in most cases, a final response from the author. Though wide-ranging all of the papers aim to understand consciousness both from the inside, as we experience it, and from the outside as we encounter it in our science. The Online Consciousness Conference, founded and organized by Richard Brown, is dedicated to the rigorous study of consciousness and mind. The goal is to bring philosophers, scientists, and interested lay persons together in an online venue to promote high-level discussion and exchanging of views, ideas and data related to the scientific and philosophical study of consciousness
    Description / Table of Contents: Chp. 1 Richard Brown “Introduction”I. First-Person Data and the Science of Consciousness -- Chp. 2. Ruth Millikan  “An Epistemology for Phenomenology?” -- Chp.  3. Gualtiero Piccinini & Corey J. Maley “From Phenomenology to the Self-Measurement Methodology of First-Person Data” -- II. Phenomenal Properties and Dualism -- Chp. 4. Paul Churchland “Consciousness and the Introspection of Apparent Qualitative Simples” -- Chp. 5. Torin Alter “Churchland on arguments against physicalism” -- Chp. 6. Paul Churchland “Response to Torin Alter” -- III. Property Dualism and Panpsychism -- Chp. 7. Philip Goff “Orthodox Property Dualism + the Linguistic Theory of Vagueness = Panpsychism” -- Chp. 8. Bill Robinson “A Wake Up Call” -- Chp. 9. Jon Simon “What is Acquaintance with Consciousness?” -- Chp. 10. Philip Goff “Reply to Simon and Robinson” -- IV. Naïve Realism, Hallucinations, and Perceptual Justification -- Chp. 11. Benj Hellie “It’s Still There!” -- Chp. 12. Jacob Berger “Perceptual Justification Outside of Consciousness” -- Chp. 13. Jeff Speaks “Some Thoughts about Hallucination, Self-Representation, and “It’s Still There!”” -- Chp. 14. Heather Logue “But Where is a Hallucinator’s Perceptual Justification?” -- Chp. 15. Benj Hellie “Yep -Still There” -- V. Beyond Color-Consciousness -- Chp. 16. Kathleen Akins “Black and White and Color” -- Chp. 17. Pete Mandik “What is Visual and Phenomenal but Concerns Neither Hue nor Shade?” -- VI. Phenomenal Externalism and the Science of Perception -- Chp. 18. Adam Pautz “The Real Trouble for Phenomenal Externalists: New Evidence for a Brain-Based Theory of Consciousness” -- Chp. 19. David Hilbert & Colin Klein “No Problem” -- Chp. 20. Adam Pautz “Ignoring the Real Problems for Phenomenal Externalism: A Reply to Hilbert and Klein” -- VII. The Ontology of Audition -- Chp. 21. Jason Leddington “What We Hear” -- Chp. 22. Casey O'Calleghan “Audible Independence and Binding” -- Chp. 23. Matt Nudds “Commentary on Leddington” -- VIII. Multi-Modal Experience -- Chp. 24. Kevin Connolly “Making Sense of Multiple Senses” -- Chp. 25. Matt Fulkerson “Explaining Multisensory Experience” -- IX. Synesthesia -- Chp. 26. Berit Brogaard “Seeing as a Non-Experiential Mental State: The Case from Synesthesia and Mental Imagery” -- Chp. 27. Ophelia Deroy “Synesthesia: An Experience of the Third Kind?” -- Chp. 28. Berit Brogaard “Varieties of Synesthetic Experience” -- X. Higher-Order Thought Theories of Consciousness and the Prefrontal Cortex -- Chp. 29. Miguel Ángel Sebastián “Not a Hot Dream” -- Chp. 30. Josh Weisberg “Sweet Dreams are Made of This?  A HOT Response to Sebastián” -- Chp. 31. Matt Ivonowich “The dlPFC isn’t a NCHOT: A Commentary on Sebastián’s “Not a HOT Dream” -- Chp. 32. Miguel Ángel Sebastián “I Cannot Tell You (Everything) About My Dreams: Reply to Ivanowich and Weisberg”.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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  • 64
    ISBN: 9783319008011
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 225 p. 3 illus., 1 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 365
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Artefact kinds
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Engineering design ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Engineering design ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Artefakt ; Ontologie ; Wirklichkeit ; Technikphilosophie
    Abstract: This book is concerned with two intimately related topics of metaphysics: the identity of entities and the foundations of classification. What it adds to previous discussions of these topics is that it addresses them with respect to human-made entities, that is, artefacts. As the chapters in the book show, questions of identity and classification require other treatments and lead to other answers for artefacts than for natural entities. These answers are of interest to philosophers not only for their clarification of artefacts as a category of things but also for the new light they may shed on these issue with respect to to natural entities. This volume is structured in three parts. The contributions in Part I address basic ontological and metaphysical questions in relation to artefact kinds: How should we conceive of artefact kinds? Are they real kinds? How are identity conditions for artefacts and artefact kinds related? The contributions in Part II address meta-ontological questions: What, exactly, should an ontological account of artefact kinds provide us with? What scope can it aim for? Which ways of approaching the ontology of artefact kinds are there, how promising are they, and how should we assess this? In Part III, the essays offer engineering practice rather than theoretical philosophy as a point of reference. The issues addressed here include: How do engineers classify technical artefacts and on what grounds? What makes specific classes of technical artefacts candidates for ontologically real kinds, and by which criteria?
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction: The Ontology of Technical Artefacts; Maarten Franssen, Peter Kroes, Thomas A. C. Reydon and Pieter E. VermaasPart I: Artefact Kinds and Metaphysics -- Chapter 2. How Real are Artefacts and Artefact Kinds?; E. J. Lowe -- Chapter 3. Artifacts and Mind-Independence; Crawford L. Elder -- Chapter 4. Public Artifacts, Intentions, and Norms; Amie L. Thomasson -- Chapter 5. Artefact Kinds, Ontological Criteria and Forms of Mind-Dependence; Maarten Franssen and Peter Kroes -- Chapter 6. Artifact Kinds, Identity Criteria and Logical Adequacy; Massimiliano Carrara, Silvia Gaio and Marzia Soavi -- Part II: Artefact Kinds and New Perspectives -- Chapter 7. Creating Artifactual Kinds; Jesús Vega-Encabo and Diego Lawler -- Chapter 8. Metaphysical and Epistemological Approaches to Developing a Theory of Artifact Kinds; Thomas A. C. Reydon -- Chapter 9. Ethnotechnology: A Manifesto; Beth Preston -- Part III: Artefact Kinds and Engineering Practice -- Chapter 10. On What is Made: Instruments, Products and Natural Kinds of Artefacts; Wybo Houkes and Pieter E. Vermaas -- Chapter 11. Artefactual Systems, Missing Components and Replaceability; Nicola Guarino -- Chapter 12. Engineering Differences Between Natural, Social and Artificial Kinds; Eric T. Kerr.
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400769588
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 843 p. 2 illus. eReference, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy—History. ; Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: The History of Philosophy in Australia and New Zealand is a comprehensive account of the historical development of philosophy in Australia and New Zealand, from the establishment of the first Philosophy Chair in Australasia in 1886 at the University of Melbourne to the current burgeoning of Australasian philosophy. The work is divided into two broad sections, the first providing an account of significant developments and events during various periods in the history of Australasian philosophy, and the second focusing on ideas and theories that have been influential in various disciplines within Australasian philosophy. The work consists of chapters contributed by various philosophers, on specific fields of inquiry or historical periods within Australasian philosophy
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  • 66
    ISBN: 9789400771314
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (222 pages) , illustrations.
    Series Statement: Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning, Interdisciplinary Perspectives from the Humanities and Social Sciences 2
    DDC: 149.94
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Political science ; Philosophy ; Electronic books
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index. Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed January 2, 2014)
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  • 67
    ISBN: 9789400755994 , 9400755996
    Language: English
    Pages: vi, 351 Seiten
    Series Statement: Studies in the philosophy of sociality Volume 1
    Series Statement: Studies in the philosophy of sociality
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Schmitz, Michael The Background of Social Reality
    DDC: 302.3
    RVK:
    Keywords: Collective behavior ; Social groups ; Social sciences ; Philosophy ; Ontology ; Konferenzschrift 2009 ; Konferenzschrift 2009 ; Soziales Handeln ; Gruppenverhalten ; Sozialphilosophie ; Soziale Norm ; Soziales Handeln ; Gruppenverhalten ; Sozialphilosophie ; Soziale Norm
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  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400745995 , 128363385X , 9781283633857
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 255 p. 102 illus., 12 illus. in color, digital)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 357
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Betz, Gregor Debate dynamics: how controversy improves our beliefs
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Science Philosophy ; Artificial intelligence ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Science Philosophy ; Artificial intelligence ; Argumentationstheorie ; Debatte
    Abstract: Is critical argumentation an effective way to overcome disagreement? And does the exchange of arguments bring opponents in a controversy closer to the truth? This study provides a new perspective on these pivotal questions. By means of multi-agent simulations, it investigates the truth and consensus-conduciveness of controversial debates. The book brings together research in formal epistemology and argumentation theory. Aside from its consequences for discursive practice, the work may have important implications for philosophy of science and the way we construe scientific rationality as well.
    Description / Table of Contents: Debate Dynamics: How Controversy Improves Our Beliefs; Acknowledgements; Contents; Chapter 1: General Introduction; 1.1 The Aims of Argumentation; 1.2 An Example of a Controversial Argumentation; 1.3 Modeling Controversial Debate; 1.4 Results Pertaining to Consensus-Conduciveness; 1.5 Results Pertaining to Truth-Conduciveness; 1.6 Objections and Caveats; 1.7 Putting the Approach in Perspective; Chapter 2: An Introduction to the Theory of Dialectical Structures; 2.1 Fundamental Concepts; 2.2 Degrees of Justification; 2.3 The Space of Coherent Positions; 2.4 Normalized Closeness Centrality
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.5 Inferential Density2.6 The General Design of the Simulations; Part I: Why Do We Agree? On the Consensus-Conduciveness of Controversial Argumentation; Chapter 3: Introduction to Part I; 3.1 Outline of Part I; 3.2 Main Results and Their Justification; Chapter 4: The Consensual Dynamics of Simple Random Debates; 4.1 Setup; 4.2 Results; 4.3 Discussion; 4.4 Results, Continued; 4.5 Discussion, Continued; Chapter 5: The Consensual Dynamics of Random Debates with Explicit Background Knowledge; 5.1 Setup; 5.2 Results; 5.3 Discussion
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 6: Comparing the Consensual Dynamics of Four Proponent-Specific Argumentation Strategies in Dualistic Debates6.1 Setup; 6.2 Results; 6.3 Discussion; Chapter 7: The Consensual Dynamics of Argumentation Strategies in Many-Proponent Debates; 7.1 Setup; 7.2 Results; 7.3 Discussion; Chapter 8: The Consensual Dynamics of Debates with Core Updating; 8.1 Setup; 8.2 Results; 8.3 Discussion; Chapter 9: The Consensual Dynamics of Debates with Core Argumentation; 9.1 Setup; 9.2 Results; 9.3 Discussion; Part II: How Do We Know? On the Truth-Conduciveness of Controversial Argumentation
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 10: Introduction to Part II10.1 Outline of Part II; 10.2 Main Results and Their Justification; Chapter 11: The Veritistic Dynamics of Simple Random Debates; 11.1 Setup; 11.2 Results; 11.2.1 Truth's Attraction: How Rapidly Does the Proponents' Verisimilitude Increase?; 11.2.2 The Verisimilitude of Consensus Positions: Is Mutual Agreement a Good Indicator of Having Reached the Truth?; 11.2.3 The Verisimilitude of Stable Positions: Are Proponent Positions Which Remain Relatively Stable Closer to the Truth?; 11.3 Discussion
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 12: The Veritistic Dynamics of Random Debates with Explicit Background Knowledge12.1 Setup; 12.2 Results; 12.3 Discussion; Chapter 13: Comparing the Veritistic Dynamics of Four Proponent-Specific Argumentation Strategies in Dualistic Debates; 13.1 Setup; 13.2 Results; 13.3 Discussion; Chapter 14: The Veritistic Dynamics of Argumentation Strategies in Many-Proponent Debates; 14.1 Setup; 14.2 Results; 14.2.1 Truth's Attraction: How Rapidly Does the Proponents' Verisimilitude Increase?
    Description / Table of Contents: 14.2.2 The Verisimilitude of Consensus Positions: Is Mutual Agreement a Good Indicator of Having Reached the Truth?
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  • 69
    ISBN: 9789400744820 , 1283612305 , 9781283612302
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 272 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in Global Justice 11
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Pulcini, Elena, 1950 - 2021 Care of the world
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Political science Philosophy ; Consciousness ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Political science Philosophy ; Consciousness ; Globalization ; Globalisierung ; Soziale Verantwortung ; Furcht ; Philosophie ; Globalisierung ; Soziale Verantwortung ; Furcht ; Philosophie
    Abstract: This book proposes a philosophy of care in a global age. It discusses the distinguishing and opposing pathologies produced by globalization: unlimited individualism or self-obsession, manifested as (Promethean) omnipotence and (narcissistic) indifference, and endogamous communitarianism or an us-obsession that results in conflict and violence. The polarization between a lack and an excess of pathos is reflected in the distorted forms taken on by fear. The book advocates a metamorphosis of fear, which may restore in the subject an awareness of vulnerability and become the precondition for moral action. Such awareness and the recognition of the condition of contamination caused by the others unavoidable presence teach us to fear for rather than be afraid of. Fear for the world means care of the world, and care, understood as concern and solicitude, is a new notion of responsibility, in which the stress is shifted to a relational subject capable of responding to and taking care of the other. From a global perspective, the proposed vision of care also compels us to explore a new paradigm of justice.
    Description / Table of Contents: Care of the World; Translator's Note; Acknowledgements; Contents; Chapter 1: Introduction: The Ambivalence of Globalization; 1.1 Global Unification and Local Fragmentation; 1.2 Self- and Us-Obsession; 1.3 Absence and Excess of Pathos; 1.4 For a Relational Subject; 1.4.1 Addition to the English Edition; Part I: Pathologies of the Global Age: Unlimited Individualism, EndogamousCommunitarianism; Chapter 2: Unlimited Individualism; 2.1 Prometheus and Narcissus; 2.2 Between Unlimitedness and Insecurity; 2.2.1 The Spectator Self; 2.2.2 The Consumer Self; 2.2.3 The Creator Self (homo creator)
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 3: Endogamous Communitarianism3.1 The Need for Community in Modernity; 3.2 The Need for Community in the Global Age; 3.2.1 As the Response to Unlimited Individualism; 3.2.2 As the Response to Exclusion; 3.3 Struggles for Recognition: Identity and Difference; 3.4 Immunitarian Communities; 3.4.1 The Us-Them Contrast; 3.4.2 Communities without Solidarity; 3.4.3 The Split between Individualism and Communitarianism; Part II: Pathologies of Feeling: The Metamorphosis of Fear in the Global Age; Chapter 4: Modernity and Fear; 4.1 A Desirable Passion; 4.2 Reciprocal Fear; 4.3 Productive Fear
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 5: Risk Society: From Fear to Anxiety?5.1 In the Face of Global Risks; 5.2 Fear of the Other; 5.3 Fear, Anxiety and Global Fear; Chapter 6: Spectators and Victims: Between Denial and Projection; 6.1 Global Risks and Absence of Fear; 6.2 Denial and Self-Deception; 6.3 Spectators and Victims; 6.4 Projection of Fear and the Scapegoat's Ineffectiveness; Part III: Responsibility and Care of the World; Chapter 7: Actors: Relearning to Fear; 7.1 Vulnerable Humanity; 7.2 A 'Loving Fear': 33 Fear and Imagination; 7.2.1 Reawakening Productive Fear; 7.2.2 Fear for the World
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.3 From Fear of the Other to Contamination: Towards Solidaristic Recognition7.3.1 The Challenge of Difference; Chapter 8: From Fear to Care; 8.1 Responsibility For; 8.2 'Responsibility for' and the Vulnerable Subject; 8.3 Global Vulnerability; 8.4 Responsibility as Care; Chapter 9: A World in Common; 9.1 Creating a World; 9.2 Plural Worlds; Part IV: Care and Justice; Chapter 10: Care and Justice: The Perspective of the Passions; 10.1 Care Versus Justice?; 10.1.1 Care Ethics and the Critique of the Theory of Justice; 10.1.2 The Affective Dimension of Justice
    Description / Table of Contents: 10.1.3 Compassion as a Motivation for Justice10.2 The Passions of Justice; 10.2.1 The Experience of Injustice; 10.2.2 Envy or Indignation?; 10.3 Beyond Justice: Care and Love; Bibliography; Index;
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  • 70
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400752139
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 496 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology 66
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Husserl's Ideen
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Husserl, Edmund, 1859-1938 ; Ideen ; Husserl, Edmund, 1859-1938 ; Influence ; Phenomenology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 Ideen zu einer reinen Phänomenologie und phänomenologischen Philosophie ; Rezeption ; Ideengeschichte
    Abstract: This collection of more than two dozen essays by philosophy scholars of international repute traces the profound impact exerted by Husserl’s Meisterwerk, known in its shortened title as Ideen, whose first book was released in 1913. Published to coincide with the centenary of its original appearance, and fifty years after the second book went to print in 1952, the contributors offer a comprehensive array of perspectives on the ways in which Husserl’s concept of phenomenology influenced leading figures and movements of the last century, including, among others, Ortega y Gassett, Edith Stein, Martin Heidegger, Aron Gurwitsch, Ludwig Landgrebe, Dorion Cairns, Simone de Beauvoir, Jean-Paul Sartre, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Jacques Derrida and Giles Deleuze. In addition to its documentation and analysis of the historical reception of these works, this volume also illustrates the ongoing relevance of the Ideen, offering scholarly discussion of the issues raised by his ideas as well as by the figures who took part in critical phenomenological dialogue with them. Among the topics discussed are autism, empathy, the nature of the emotions, the method and practice of phenomenology, the foundations of ethics, naturalism, intentionality, and human rights, to name but a few. Taken together, these specially commissioned original essays offer an unrivaled overview of the reception of Husserl‘s Ideen, and the expanding phenomenological enterprise it initiated. They show that the critical discussion of issues by phenomenologists continues to be relevant for the 21st century.
    Description / Table of Contents: Husserl's Ideen; Preface; Contents; Introduction; The Project and First Effect of the Ideen; The Freiburg School and Beyond; The Organization of This Volume; Part I Initial and Continued Reception; Chapter 1: José Ortega y Gasset and Human Rights; The Influence of Husserl; A Non-idealistic Phenomenology; Introduction; Liberals and Communitarians with an Epilogue on Human Rights and Feminism; Reconstructing Plurality: The First Movement of Historical Reason; The Function of European Culture: The Second Movement of Historical Reason; Epilogue: Historical Reason and Full Human Rights for Women
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 2: Reading and Rereading the Ideen in JapanA Century of Japanese Readings; Introduction; Translating Husserl; The Early Phenomenologists; Phenomenology in Postwar Japan; Responding to the Ideen Today; Chapter 3: Edith Stein and Autism; Influence on Stein; An Application to Understanding Autism; The Husserl/Stein Theory of Intersubjectivity Applied to ASDs; Conclusions; Chapter 4: Ludwig Ferdinand Clauss and Racialization; Clauss and Husserl's Ideen I; Phenomenology's Rejection of the Biologization of Race; The Question of Race in Clauss
    Description / Table of Contents: The Phenomenological Concept of Race After ClaussToward a Phenomenology of Racialization; Implications for the Fight Against Racism; Chapter 5: The Ideen and Neo-Kantianism; Introduction; Eidetics, Intuition, and Conceptual Knowledge; Difficulties with an Eidetic Science of Consciousness; Conclusion: Phenomenology's Foundational Claim; Chapter 6: The Distinctive Structure of the Emotions; Introduction; Emotions as Non-objectivating and Founded Acts; A Phenomemological Case of the Emotions: Trust; Critical Assessment; Concluding Remarks; Chapter 7: From the Natural Attitude to the Life-World
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 8: Husserl on the Human Sciences in Ideen IIIntroduction; Concluding Remarks; Part II: After World War I; Chapter 9: The Spanish-Speaking World and José Vasconcelos; Ideen I in Spain and Hispano-America; On José Vasconcelos's Inverted Epochē and the Limits of Language; Chapter 10: Ideen I in Italy and Enzo Paci and the Milan School; A Historical Introduction; Paci's Interpretation of the Epochē; Chapter 11: Martin Heidegger and Grounding of Ethics; The Impact of the " Ideen " on Heidegger; Husserl and Heidegger on the Ultimate Grounds for Action; The Fundamental Difference
    Description / Table of Contents: Heidegger on the Groundless GroundHusserl on the Ultimate Grounds of Ethics; The Question Itself: Grounding Ultimate Grounds?; Chapter 12: Aron Gurwitsch and the Transcendence of the Physical; The Impact of Ideen I; The Transcendence of Physical Things; Introduction; Husserl in the Ideen; Merleau-Ponty; Going Further; Chapter 13: Ludwig Landgrebe and the Significance of Marginal Consciousness; Landgrebe with Husserl; The Significance of Marginal Consciousness; The "Organization" of Marginal Contents; Self-Awareness as Marginal
    Description / Table of Contents: The Streaming Character of Consciousness Constituted in the Margins
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- INITIAL AND CONTINUED RECEPTION -- 1. José Ortega y Gasset and Human Rights, J.M. Díaz Álvarez -- Reading and Rereading Ideen in Japan, T. Tani.-  Edith Stein and Autism, K.M. Haney.-  Ludwig Ferdinand Clauss and Racialization, R. Bernasconi -- The Ideen and Neo-Kantianism, A. Staiti.-  The Distinctive Structure of the Emotions, A.J. Steinbock -- From Natural Attitude to Life-World, D. Moran -- Husserl on the Human Sciences in Ideen II, T.M. Seebohm -- AFTER WORLD WAR I -- The Spanish Speaking World and José Vasconcelos, A. Zirión -- The Ideen and Italy, R.Sacconghi -- Martin Heidegger and the Grounding of Action, T.J. Nenon -- Aron Gurwitsch and the Transcendence of the Physical, W. McKenna -- Ludwig Landgrebe and Marginal Consciousness, D. Marcelle -- Dorion Cairns, Empirical Types, and Field of Consciousness, L. Embree -- Ideen I and Eugen Fink, R. Bruzina -- Emmanuel Levinas and a Soliloquy of Light and Reason, N. de Warren -- Jan Patočka and Built Space, J. Dodd -- The Ideen in the Portuguese Speaking World, P.M.S. Alves -- Alfred Schutz and the Problem of Empathy, M. Barber -- Jean-Paul Sartre and Phenomenological Ontology, M. C. Eshleman -- Simone de Beauvoir and Life, U. Björk -- Merleau-Ponty and Lifeworldly Naturalism, T. Toadvine -- AFTER WORLD WAR II -- Paul Ricoeur and the Praxis of Phenomenology, N. Depraz -- Post-War German Reception of Ideen I and Reflection, S. Geniusas -- Ideen I Confronting its Critics, R.R.P. Lerner -- Jacques Derrida and the Future, V.W. Cisney -- Gilles Deleuze, and Hearing-Oneself-Speak, L. Lawlor -- Thoughts on the Translation of Husserl‘s Ideen, Erstes Buch, F. Kersten -- Notes on Contributors. ​.
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  • 71
    ISBN: 9789400763500
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 290 p. 15 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Philosophy of Engineering and Technology 10
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Education Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Education Philosophy ; Humanities ; Ingenieurstudium ; Soziale Gerechtigkeit ; Technikphilosophie
    Abstract: Hoping to help transform engineering into a more socially just field of practice, this book offers various perspectives and strategies while highlighting key concepts and themes that help readers understand the complex relationship between engineering education and social justice. This volume tackles topics and scopes ranging from the role of Buddhism in socially just engineering to the blinding effects of ideologies in engineering to case studies on the implications of engineered systems for social justice. This book aims to serve as a framework for interventions or strategies to make social justice more visible in engineering education and enhance scholarship in the emerging field of Engineering and Social Justice (ESJ). This creates a ‘toolbox’ for engineering educators and students to make social justice a central theme in engineering education
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents; Part I: Introduction to Engineering Education and Engineering for Social Justice (ESJ); Chapter 1: Introduction; 1.1 Who Is This Book For?; 1.2 Motivations for Putting This Book Together; 1.3 Historic Convergence of Circumstances; 1.3.1 Calls for Change; 1.3.2 An (In)Visible History; 1.4 Defining Social Justice; 1.5 How This Book Approaches ESJ: Autobiographical, Historical, Philosophical, Pedagogical, Practical and Beyond; References; Part II: Where Have We Been? Where Can We Go?; Chapter 2: Engineering, Social Justice, and Peace: Strategies for Educational and Professional Reform
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1 Introduction2.2 Background: A Short History of ESJP; 2.3 Methods and Scope; 2.4 Educational Reform Strategies; 2.4.1 Pedagogical Initiatives; 2.4.1.1 Liberal-Education Courses; 2.4.1.2 Technical Course Modules; 2.4.1.3 Critical Learning Thresholds; 2.4.1.4 Experiential Learning; 2.4.1.5 Liberative Pedagogies; 2.4.2 Curricular Initiatives; 2.4.2.1 Structuring General Education Content; 2.4.2.2 Social and Technical Integration in Engineering Design; 2.4.3 Institutional Initiatives; 2.5 Professional Reform Strategies; 2.5.1 Networking; 2.5.2 Re-conceptualizing "Engineering"; 2.6 Conclusions
    Description / Table of Contents: ReferencesChapter 3: Power. Systems. Engineering. Traveling Lines of Resistance in Academic Institutions; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Thermo as Usual; 3.2.1 Thermo and Gnosticism: A Tale of Two Esoteric Subjects; 3.2.2 Learning to Stay and Fight: Lessons from Social Justice; 3.3 Transformative Processes; 3.3.1 First Attempts; 3.3.2 Teaching About Power; 3.3.3 Epistemology: Teaching Material and Its Critique; 3.3.4 Book Project; 3.4 Institutional Obstacles; 3.4.1 Obstacles; 3.4.2 Students and Faculty; 3.5 How I Got Away with It (So Far); 3.6 Conclusion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Part III: Conceptual Contributions to ESJChapter 4: The (Mis)Framing of Social Justice: Why Ideologies of Depoliticization and Meritocracy Hinder Engineers' Ability to Think About Social Injustices; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Cultural Ideologies in Engineering; 4.3 Depoliticization of Engineering; 4.4 The Ideology of Meritocracy; 4.5 Misframing Social Justice Issues; 4.5.1 Non-dominant and Dominant Groups Adopt These Ideologies; 4.6 The Insufficiency of One Lecture or One Essay: The Task of Reframing; 4.7 Conclusion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 5: What Can Buddhism Offer to a Socially Just Engineering Education?5.1 Introduction; 5.2 The Practice of the Six Virtues of the Bodhisattva Path; 5.2.1 Generosity; 5.2.2 Ethics; 5.2.3 Patience; 5.2.4 Perseverance; 5.2.5 Mindfulness; 5.2.6 Wisdom; 5.3 The Practice of the Six Virtues and Leadership Theory; 5.4 Three-Level Model of Leadership Based on Buddhism 12; 5.4.1 First Level: Actions to Benefit Oneself; 5.4.2 Second Level: Actions to Benefit Others; 5.4.3 Third Level: Interrelated Benefits; 5.5 Implementing the Framework in a Pre-college Engineering Case Scenario
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.5.1 Description of the Scenario
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  • 72
    ISBN: 9789400750678 , 1299198147 , 9781299198142
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 179 p. 4 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 296
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. The structural links between ecology, evolution and ethics
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Evolution (Biology) ; History ; Congresses ; Ecology ; History ; Congresses ; Environmental ethics ; Congresses ; Konferenzschrift 2005 ; Ökologie ; Evolution ; Ethik ; Bioethik ; Ökologie ; Evolutionsbiologie
    Abstract: Evolutionary biology, ecology and ethics: at first glance, three different objects of research, three different worldviews and three different scientific communities. In reality, there are both structural and historical links between these disciplines. First, some topics are obviously common across the board. Second, the emerging need for environmental policy management has gradually but radically changed the relationship between these disciplines. Over the last decades in particular, there has emerged a need for an interconnecting meta-paradigm that integrates more strictly evolutionary studies, biodiversity studies and the ethical frameworks that are most appropriate for allowing a lasting co-evolution between natural and social systems. Today such a need is more than a mere luxury, it is an epistemological and practical necessity.In short, the authors of this volume address some of the foundational themes that interconnect evolutionary studies, ecology and ethics. Here they have chosen to analyze a topic using one of these specific disciplines as a kind of epistemological platform with specific links to topics from one or both of the remaining disciplines
    Description / Table of Contents: The Structural Linksbetween Ecology, Evolution and Ethics; Acknowledgements; Contents; Contributors; List of Figures; Chapter 1: Ecology, Evolution, Ethics: In Search of a Meta-paradigm - An Introduction; 1.1 Some Landmarks of an Interweaved History of Ecology, Evolution and Ethics; 1.2 Looking for an Epistemic and Practical Meta-paradigm: The Transactional Framework; 1.3 Evolution between Ethics and Creationism; 1.4 Chance and Time between Evolution and Ecology; 1.5 Ethics between Ecology and Evolution; Notes; References; Chapter 2: Evolution Versus Creation: A Sibling Rivalry?
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1 Before The Origin2.2 Charles Darwin; 2.3 The Darwinian Evangelist; 2.4 The Twenty-first Century; References; Chapter 3: Evolution and Chance; 3.1 Three Meanings of the Concept of Chance; 3.1.1 Luck; 3.1.2 Random Events; 3.1.3 Contingency with Respect to a Theoretical System; 3.2 Modalities of Chance in the Biology of Evolution; 3.2.1 Mutation; 3.2.2 Random Genetic Drift; 3.2.3 Genetic Revolution; 3.2.4 The Ecosystem Level; 3.2.5 The Macroevolutionary Level (Paleobiology); 3.2.6 Other Cases; 3.3 Conclusion; Notes; References; Chapter 4: Some Conceptions of Time in Ecology
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.1 Scales of Time4.2 The Chronological Issue; 4.3 Crop Rotation; 4.4 Succession and Equilibrium; 4.5 Irreversibility and Unpredictability; 4.6 Persistence and Anticipation; Notes; References; Chapter 5: Facts, Values, and Analogies: A Darwinian Approach to Environmental Choice; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Naturalism: The Method of Experience; 5.3 An Empirical Hypothesis; 5.4 Scaling and Environmental Problem Formulation; 5.5 Darwin and Environmental Ethics; Note; References; Chapter 6: Towards EcoEvoEthics; 6.1 An Equilibrium World and the Ecosystem Paradigm
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.2 Protection of Nature: The Path to Ecology6.3 Ecocentrism, the Ethical Counterpart of the Ecosystem Paradigm; 6.4 Ecology Meets Evolution: The Co-change Paradigm; 6.5 An Eco-evolutionary Ethics Is Needed; 6.6 Uniqueness, Diversity, and Evolutionary Values; 6.7 Conclusion; Notes; References; Chapter 7: Ecology and Moral Ontology; 7.1 The Superorganism Paradigm in Ecology; 7.2 The Ecosystem Paradigm in Ecology; 7.3 The Rise and Fall of Ecosystems as Superorganisms; 7.4 Organisms as Superecosystems; 7.5 Classical and Recent Expressions of the Organism as Superecosystem Concept
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.6 From a Modern to a Post-modern Moral Ontology7.7 Post-modern Ecological Moral Ontology: Toward an Erotic Ethic; References; Chapter 8: Animal Rights and Environmental Ethics; 8.1 Defining Characteristics of Moral Rights; 8.1.1 ``No Trespassing´´; 8.1.2 Equality; 8.1.3 Trump; 8.1.4 Respect; 8.2 Who Has Moral Rights?; 8.2.1 Subjects-of-a-Life; 8.2.2 Animal Rights; 8.3 A Number of Environmentally-based Objections Have Been Raised Against the Rights View2; 8.3.1 The Rights View and Predator-Prey Relations; 8.3.2 The Rights View and Endangered Species; Notes; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 9: Reconciling Individualist and Deeper Environmentalist Theories? An Exploration
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  • 73
    ISBN: 9789400754850
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 332 p. 15 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 273
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. The Berlin Group and the philosophy of logical empiricism
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Dubislav, Walter, 1895- ; Oppenheim, Paul, 1885- ; Grelling, Kurt ; Fries, Jakob Friedrich, 1773-1843 ; Science ; Philosophy ; History ; 20th century ; Congresses ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Reichenbach, Hans 1891-1953 ; Neopositivismus ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie
    Abstract: The Berlin Group for scientific philosophy was active between 1928 and 1933 and was closely related to the Vienna Circle. In 1930, the leaders of the two Groups, Hans Reichenbach and Rudolf Carnap, launched the journal Erkenntnis. However, between the Berlin Group and the Vienna Circle, there was not only close relatedness but also significant difference. Above all, while the Berlin Group explored philosophical problems of the actual practice of science, the Vienna Circle, closely following Wittgenstein, was more interested in problems of the language of science. The book includes first discussion ever (in three chapters) on Walter Dubislav’s logic and philosophy. Two chapters are devoted to another author scarcely explored in English, Kurt Grelling, and another one to Paul Oppenheim who became an important figure in the philosophy of science in the USA in the 1940s-1960s. Finally, the book discusses the precursor of the Nord-German tradition of scientific philosophy, Jacob Friedrich Fries
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Milkov, Peckhaus.- Part I. Introductory Chapters -- Part II. Historical-Theoretical Context -- Part III. Hans Reichenbach -- Part IV. Walter Dubislav -- Part V. Kurt Grelling and  Alexander Herzberg -- Part VI. Carl Hempel und Paul Oppenheim.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400754010
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 382 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H.L. van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 209
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Perreau, Laurent, 1976 - Le monde social selon Husserl
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 ; Philosophie ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 ; Phänomenologie ; Sozialphilosophie
    Abstract: Cette étude est consacrée à l'examen de la théorie du monde social qui se découvre dans la phénoménologie d’Edmund Husserl : est-elle à même de dire les phénomènes sociaux, sur quel mode et avec quels résultats ?Dans un premier moment, nous reconstituons le propos des deux « ontologies sociales » qui pensent le monde social en son essence et en ses essences : d’une part, l'ontologie de la région « monde social », subordonnée à la région de l'« esprit » et élaborée à partir d'une phénoménologie de la communication ; d’autre part, l'ontologie morphologique et eidétique des formes essentielles de communautés sociales. Dans un second moment, nous suivons l'élaboration d'une « sociologie transcendantale » qui reconsidère le rapport de la subjectivité transcendantale au monde social. Nous montrons comment les développements de la théorie de la personne dans la perspective de la phénoménologie génétique, qui semblent nous détourner de la considération de sa socialité, précisent en réalité le rapport du sujet personnel au monde social sous l'angle de sa « mienneté », de l'habitualité et de la familiarité d'une part, et dans la perspective d'une éthique sociale d'autre part. On établit enfin comment, autour de la Krisis, la théorie du monde de la vie fournit le cadre théorique d'une « sociologie transcendantale » qui se développe, sur le fond d'une anthropologie du monde commun, comme théorie de la générativité. De l'ontologie sociale à la sociologie transcendantale, cette recherche est conçue comme une investigation des ressources et des difficultés de la voie d'accès à la réduction transcendantale par l'ontologie, relativement à la question du « social ».Remarquable enquête menée sur l'expérience sociale du sujet, la phénoménologie husserlienne du monde social est susceptible d’intéresser le sociologue tout autant que le philosophe qui s’interroge sur la nature du « social » en général
    Description / Table of Contents: Le Monde Social Selon Husserl; Remerciements; Table des Matières; Abréviations; Remarques générales; Abréviations retenues pour les références aux œuvres de Husserl; Chapitre 1: Introduction générale : comment dire les phénomènes sociaux?; 1.1 L'idée d'une phénoménologie du monde social; 1.2 Vers une «sociologie transcendantale»; 1.3 Les préventions à l'égard de la phénoménologie husserlienne du monde social; 1.3.1 Les limites d'une philosophie du sujet; 1.3.2 Les prestiges de l'alter ego; 1.3.3 La supposée inconsistance du propos husserlien sur le monde social
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.2.2 Le rapport à la personne autre comme foyer expressif3.3 La communication effective; 3.3.1 La prise de «contact» ( Berührung); 3.3.2 L'échange réciproque; 3.3.3 Le rapport Je-Tu et la synthèse de recouvrement; 3.3.4 La formation du «consensus» ( Einverständnis); Chapitre 4: La région ontologique «monde social»; 4.1 La pulsion sociale; 4.1.1 La pulsion sociale comme pulsion socialisée (pulsion sexuelle et pulsion maternelle); 4.1.2 La pulsion sociale comme puissance de socialisation; 4.1.3 La pulsion sociale comme tendance primaire à la communautisation
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.2 La théorie des «actes sociaux» : du monde de la communication ( kommunikative Welt) à la communauté de volonté ( Willensgemeinschaft)4.3 Les «personnalités d'ordre supérieur»; 4.3.1 Sur le sens de l'expression «d'ordre supérieur» (höhere Ordnung); 4.3.2 La dimension «personnelle» de la communauté sociale; 4.3.3 L'unité normative des «personnalités d'ordre supérieur»; 4.3.4 La distinction phénoménologique des «personnalités d'ordre supérieur»; Deuxième partie: les formes essentielles du monde social; Chapitre 5: Vers une morpho-typique eidétique du monde social
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.1 Du projet général d'une élucidation des particularités conceptuelles des sciences sociales à l'idée d'une morphologie eidétique du monde social
    Description / Table of Contents:  REMERCIEMENTS -- TABLE DES MATIÈRES -- ABRÉVIATIONS -- Abréviations retenues pour les références aux œuvres de Husserl -- Introduction : dire les phénomènes sociaux -- PREMIERE PARTIE : ONTOLOGIES DU MONDE SOCIAL -- Introduction -- SECTION I : La région « monde social » -- Chapitre I : De l’esprit au monde social.- Chapitre II. La communication comme forme élémentaire de la vie sociale.- Chapitre III. La région ontologique « monde social » -- SECTION II : Les formes essentielles du monde social -- Chapitre IV : Vers une morpho-typique éïdétique du monde social.- Chapitre V : De quelques formes essentielles du monde social.- SECONDE PARTIE : VERS UNE « SOCIOLOGIE TRANSCENDANTALE » -- SECTION III : Sujet personnel et monde social. Problémes et difficultés d’une définition transcendantale de la personne -- Chapitre VI : Problèmes et difficultés d’une théorie de la personne dans les Ideen II.- Chapitre VII. La genèse passive de la personne : l’appropriation habituelle, typique et familière du monde environnant.- Chapitre VIII. La genèse active de la personne.- Conclusion de la section III  -- Section IV : DU MONDE DE LA VIE AU MONDE SOCIAL -- Introduction : De la question de la genèse personnelle de soi aux problèmes de la prédonation de l’expérience sociale -- Chapitre IX : De la théorie du monde de la vie à la théorie du monde social.-Chapitre X : Le monde de la vie comme monde commun : le fondement anthropologique de la sociologie transcendantale.- Chapitre XI : La theorie de la générativité comme theorie de la relativisation socio-historique de l’expérience communautaire.- Conclusion -- Bibliographie -- Index Nominum.
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  • 75
    ISBN: 9789400760257
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 218 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Philosophy of Engineering and Technology 12
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Coeckelbergh, Mark, 1975 - Human being risk
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Phenomenology ; Technology Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Technology Philosophy ; Risikomanagement ; Medizinische Ethik
    Abstract: Whereas standard approaches to risk and vulnerability presuppose a strict separation between humans and their world, this book develops an existential-phenomenological approach according to which we are always already beings-at-risk. Moreover, it is argued that in our struggle against vulnerability, we create new vulnerabilities and thereby transform ourselves as much as we transform the world. Responding to the discussion about human enhancement and information technologies, the book then shows that this dynamic-relational approach has important implications for the evaluation of new technologies and their risks. It calls for a normative anthropology of vulnerability that does not ask which objective risks are acceptable, how we can become invulnerable, or which technologies threaten human nature, but which vulnerability transformations we want. To the extent that we can steer the growth of new technologies at all, this tragic and sometimes comic project should therefore be guided by what we want to become.​
    Description / Table of Contents: Human Being Risk; Acknowledgments; Contents; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1.1 The Experience of Risk and Vulnerability; 1.2 The Struggle Against Risk and Vulnerability; 1.3 Technological Risk and the Ethical Evaluation of New Technologies; 1.4 Risk, Vulnerability, and Technology; 1.5 Transhumanism; 1.6 Outline of the Book; References; Part I: Descriptive Anthropology of Vulnerability; Chapter 2: The Transhumanist Challenge; 2.1 The Ethical Discussion About Human Enhancement and Its Assumptions About Human Being and Vulnerability
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1.1 Transhumanists Versus Bioconservatives and Infoconservatives: The Anthropological Issue2.1.2 Fighting the Dragon or Accepting What Is Given by Nature or God? The Question Concerning Human Vulnerability and Tech...; 2.2 First Response to the Anthropological Issue; 2.2.1 Human Nature Has Always Changed; 2.2.2 Technology Has Always Changed Who We Are; 2.2.3 Philosophical Anthropology Has Always Been Normative; 2.2.4 From Human Nature to Human Being: From Essence to Existence; References; Chapter 3: Anthropology of Vulnerability; 3.1 Standard Dualist Views of Risk and Vulnerability
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.1.1 Objectivist Views: Risk Science, Medicine, and the Psychology of Risk3.1.2 The Social Construction of Risk and Cultural Theory of Risk; 3.2 An Existential-Phenomenological Alternative: A Relational Anthropology of Vulnerability; 3.2.1 Existential Vulnerability: Preliminary Phenomenology of Risk and Vulnerability; 3.2.2 Existential Vulnerability: Being-at-Risk, Fear, and Care (Using Heidegger 1); 3.2.3 Existential Versus Existentialist (Not Using Heidegger 2); 3.2.4 The Tradition of Philosophical Anthropology: Plessner; References; Chapter 4: Cultures and Transformations of Vulnerability
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.1 Culture(s) of Vulnerability4.1.1 Experience: Imaginations of Vulnerability; 4.1.1.1 An Example: Experiences and Cultures of Health and Illness; 4.1.2 Praxis and Habitus: Imagination as Representation Versus Imagination in Action; 4.2 Vulnerability Transformations; 4.2.1 Spiritual Technologies and Religious Culture; 4.2.2 Material Technologies and Technological, Financial, and Economic Culture; 4.2.3 Social Technologies and Political Culture; 4.2.4 Technologies of the Self and Self-Culture; 4.3 Conclusion: Vulnerability Transformations as Transformations of a Form of Life; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Part II: Normative Anthropology of VulnerabilityChapter 5: Ethics of Vulnerability (i): Implications for Ethics of Technology; 5.1 Vulnerability and Ethics; 5.1.1 The Value of Vulnerability and the Vulnerability of Value; 5.1.2 Evaluating Vulnerability Transformations; 5.1.2.1 Personal Robots; 5.1.2.2 Human Genetic Enhancement; 5.2 Ethics of Technology as an Ethics of Vulnerability; 5.2.1 Standard View: Human Values Versus Technological Means; 5.2.2 Alternative: Learning to Be-at-Risk; 5.3 The Design and Growth of Human Vulnerability; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 6: Ethics of Vulnerability (ii): Imagining the Posthuman Future
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I Descriptive Anthropology of Vulnerability --  Chapter 1. The Transhumanist Challenge -- Chapter 2. An Anthropology of Vulnerability -- Chapter 3. Cultures and Transformations of Vulnerability -- Part II Normative Anthropology of Vulnerability -- Chapter 4. Ethics of Vulnerability (1): Implications for ethics of technology -- Chapter 5. Ethics of Vulnerability (2): Imagining the Posthuman future -- Chapter 6. Ethics of Vulnerability (3): Vulnerability in the Information Age -- Chapter 7. Politics of Vulnerability: Freedom, Justice, and the Public/Private distinction -- Chapter 8. Normative Aesthetics of Vulnerability: The Art of Coping with Vulnerability -- Conclusion.​.
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  • 76
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400753044
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 243 p. 6 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 363
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Functions
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Neurosciences ; Metaphysics ; Science Philosophy ; Evolution (Biology) ; Anthropology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Neurosciences ; Metaphysics ; Science Philosophy ; Evolution (Biology) ; Anthropology ; Teleology ; Causation ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Funktion ; Wissenschaft
    Abstract: This volume handles in various perspectives the concept of function and the nature of functional explanations, topics much discussed since two major and conflicting accounts have been raised by Larry Wright and Robert Cummins’s papers in the 1970s. Here, both Wright’s ‘etiological theory of functions’ and Cummins’s ‘systemic’ conception of functions are refined and elaborated in the light of current scientific practice, with papers showing how the ‘etiological’ theory faces several objections and may in reply be revisited, while its counterpart became ever more sophisticated, as researchers discovered fresh applications for it. Relying on a firm knowledge of the original positions and debates, this volume presents cutting-edge research evincing the complexities that today pertain in function theory in various sciences. Alongside original papers from authors central to the controversy, work by emerging researchers taking novel perspectives will add to the potential avenues to be followed in the future. Not only does the book adopt no a priori assumptions about the scope of functional explanations, it also incorporates material from several very different scientific domains, e.g. neurosciences, ecology, or technology. In general, functions are implemented in mechanisms; and functional explanations in biology have often an essential relation with natural selection. These two basic claims set the stage for this book’s coverage of investigations concerning both ‘functional’ explanations, and the ‘metaphysics’ of functions. It casts new light on these claims, by testing them through their confrontation with scientific developments in biology, psychology, and recent developments concerning the metaphysics of realization. Rather than debating a single theory of functions, this book presents the richness of philosophical issues raised by functional discourse throughout the various sciences.​
    Description / Table of Contents: Functions: selection and mechanisms; Acknowledgements; Contents; Introduction; 1 The Theories of Function and the Current Issues; 2 Position and Structure of This Book; 3 Contributions in Detail; References; Part I: Biological Functions and Functional Explanations: Genes, Cells, Organisms and Ecosystems - Functions, Organization and Development in Life Sciences; Evolution and the Stability of Functional Architectures; 1 A Concept of Function; 2 A General Form for Attributions of Function and Some of Its Consequences; 3 Small Mutations as the Raw Material for Changes in Functional Organization
    Description / Table of Contents: 4 Generative Entrenchment and the Stability of Deep Functions5 Multiple Realization, Stability, Robustness, and Evolvability; 6 Deep Function and the Limitations of a Selectionist Account of Function; 7 Two Modes of Descriptive Abstraction for Function; 8 Conclusion; References; Mechanism, Emergence, and Miscibility: The Autonomy of Evo-Devo; 1 Mechanism; 2 Emergence; 2.1 Ontological Versus Explanatory Emergence; 2.2 Invariance and Explanation; 2.3 Completeness and Complementarity; 2.4 Autonomy; 2.5 Downward Explanation; 3 Miscibility; 4 The Autonomy of Evo-Devo
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.1 Two Conceptions of Adaptive Evolution4.2 Emergent Explanation in Evo-Devo; 5 Conclusion; References; Does Oxygen Have a Function, or Where Should the Regress of Functional Ascriptions Stop in Biology?; 1 Introduction; 2 Theories of Function: Three Families; 3 Functions and Levels of Organization; 4 Can Elementary Molecules Have a Function?; 5 Organisms and Above; 6 Conclusion; References; Part II: Biological Functions and Functional Explanations: Genes, Cells, Organisms and Ecosystems - Functional Pluralism for Biologists?
    Description / Table of Contents: How Ecosystem Evolution Strengthens the Case for Functional Pluralism1 Introduction; 2 Diversity Rules; 3 Looking Ahead; 4 Conclusion; References; A General Case for Functional Pluralism; 1 Mountain Geology; 2 The Analogous Situation in Biology; 3 Form, History, and Function; 4 Conclusion; References; Weak Realism in the Etiological Theory of Functions; 1 The Etiological Theory as a Realist Theory of Functions and Its Requisites; 2 The Weaknesses of SE; 2.1 Logical-Type Problem; 2.2 Problem of the Bundle of Effects; 3 Establish and Explain Functions; 3.1 Functional Organisation Schema
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.2 Design Counterfactual Analysis3.2.1 The Simple Case; 3.2.2 More Complicated Cases; 3.3 The Comparative Method; 3.4 Confronting Methods; 3.4.1 Divergent Results and Selection; 3.4.2 Etiological Theory?; 4 Conclusion; References; Part III: Psychology, Philosophy of Mind and Technology: Functions in a Man's World - Metaphysics, Function and Philosophy of Mind; Functions and Mechanisms: A Perspectivalist View; 1 Introduction; 2 What Makes a Neurotransmitter a Neurotransmitter?; 3 Mechanisms; 4 Levels of Mechanisms; 5 Explanation: The Mechanist's Stance
    Description / Table of Contents: 6 Etiological Explanation and Adaptational Functions
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Section I. Biological functions and functional explanations: genes, cells, organisms and ecosystems -- Part 1.A. Functions, organization and development in life sciences -- Chapter 1. William C. Wimsatt. Evolution and the Stability of Functional Architectures -- Chapter 2. Denis M. Walsh. Teleological Emergence: The Autonomy of Evo-Devo -- Chapter 3. Jean Gayon. Does oxygen have a function, or: where should the regress of biological functions stop? -- Part 1.B. Functional pluralism for biologists? Chapter 4. Frédéric Bouchard. How ecosystem evolution strengthens the case for functional pluralism -- Chapter 5. Robert N. Brandon. A general case for functional pluralism -- Chapter 6. Philippe Huneman. Weak realism in the etiological theory of functions -- Section 2. Section II. Psychology, philosophy of mind and technology: Functions in a man’s world -- Part 2.A. 2A. Metaphysics, function and philosophy of mind -- Chapter 7. Carl Craver. Functions and Mechanisms in Contemporary Neuroscience -- Chapter 8. Carl Gillett. Understanding the sciences through the fog of ‘functionalism(s).’ -- 2.B. Philosophy of technology , design and functions -- Chapter 9. Françoise Longy. Artifacts and Organisms: A Case for a New Etiological Theory of Functions -- Chapter 10. Pieter Vermaas and Wybo Houkes. Functions as Epistemic Highlighters: An Engineering Account of Technical, Biological and Other Functions -- Epilogue -- Larry Wright. Revising teleological explanations: reflections three decades on.     ​.
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  • 77
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400721876 , 1283633663 , 9781283633666
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 289 p. 10 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library 71
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Hume, David 1711-1776 A treatise of human nature ; Objekt
    Abstract: This book provides the first comprehensive account of Humes conception of objects in Book I of A Treatise of Human Nature. What, according to Hume, are objects? Ideas? Impressions? Mind-independent objects? All three? None of the above? Through a close textual analysis, Rocknak shows that Hume thought that objects are imagined ideas. But, she argues, he struggled with two accounts of how and when we imagine such ideas. On the one hand, Hume believed that we always and universally imagine that objects are the causes of our perceptions. On the other hand, he thought that we only imagine such causes when we reach a "philosophical level of thought. This tension manifests itself in Humes account of personal identity; a tension that, Rocknak argues, Hume acknowledges in the Appendix to the Treatise. As a result of Rocknaks detailed account of Humes conception of objects, we are forced to accommodate new interpretations of, at least, Humes notions of belief, personal identity, justification and causality.
    Description / Table of Contents: Imagined Causes: Hume's Conception of Objects; Contents; General Introduction; General Overview; Structure of This Book; Part I: Laying the Groundwork; Introduction to Part I; Chapter 1: Four Distinctions; 1 Introduction; 2 Distinction #1: Impressions v. Ideas; 2.1 A Note on Hume's Psychological Method; 3 Distinction #2: Impressions of Sensation v. Impressions of Reflection; 4 The Scope of the Memory and Imagination; 5 Distinction #3: Simple Perceptions v. Complex Perceptions; 5.1 General Overview; 5.2 The Origin of Simple Ideas; 5.3 The Separability of Simple Ideas
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.4 The Origin of Complex Ideas6 Distinction #4: The Principle of Imagination v. the Principle of Memory; 7 Representation 25; 7.1 The Precision Argument: Beattie; 7.2 Response to Beattie; 7.3 The Relational Argument: Falkenstein; 7.4 A Response to Falkenstein; 7.5 The Qualitative Argument: Garrett; 7.6 Response to Garrett; 7.7 Textual Evidence that Directly Opposes the Replication Theory; 8 Summary; 8.1 Principles; Chapter 2: Elementary Belief, Causally-Produced Belief and the Natural Relation of Causality; 1 Introduction; 2 Elementary Belief: The Positive Account of Induction, Part I
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1 Of the Component Parts of Our Reasonings Concerning Cause and Effect: An Analysis of 1.3.42.2 Of the Impressions of the Senses and Memory: An Analysis of 1.3.5; 2.3 Of the Inference from the Impression to the Idea: An Analysis of 1.3.6; 2.3.1 Experience; 3 Causally-Produced Belief: The Positive Account of Induction, Part II; 4 Necessity: The Negative Account of Induction; 4.1 Why Reason Does Not Provide the Idea of Causal Necessity; 4.2 The Role of the Imagination; 4.3 The Role of Resemblance; A Partial Analysis of 1.3.14
    Description / Table of Contents: 5 The Natural Relation of Causality v. The Philosophical Relation of Causality: A Closer Look6 Humean Reason: An Overview; 6.1 Reasoning as a Comparison: Demonstrative v. Probable; 7 Summary; Chapter 3: The Two Systems of Reality; 1 Introduction; 2 The Two Systems; 3 Elementary Beliefs and Causally-Produced Beliefs: How Do They Operate in Hume's Two Systems of Reality?; 4 General Rules; 5 Resemblance and Contiguity; 6 Justification: What We Know So Far; 7 Summary; Summary of Part I; Part II: Perfect Identity and the Transcendental Imagination; Introduction to Part II
    Description / Table of Contents: A Brief Review of the ScholarshipPrice; Kemp Smith; Wilbanks; Waxman; Summary; Transcendentalism and Naturalism: A Happy Marriage?; Structural Overview of Part II; Chapter 4: Proto-Objects; 1 Introduction; 2 A Brief Review of the Different Meanings of a Humean Object; 3 Six Instances Where 'Object' Means Simple Idea; 4 Proto-Objects Do Not Admit of a Perfect Identity; 4.1 A Preliminary Glance at "Perfect Identity"; 4.2 Proto Objects and Continuity and Distinctness; 4.2.1 Why the Senses Are Not Responsible for Our Belief in the Continued and Distinct Existence of Objects
    Description / Table of Contents: 5 Continuity and Distinctness v. Uninterruptedness and Invariability
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  • 78
    ISBN: 9789400760134
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 151 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 45
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of mind ; Computer simulation ; Consciousness ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of mind ; Computer simulation ; Consciousness
    Abstract: As is well known, cognition is not only a self-organising process. It is also a co-operative and coupled process. If we consider the external environment as a complex, multiple and stratified Source which interacts with the nervous system, we can easily realise that the cognitive activities devoted to the "intelligent" search for the depth information living in the Source, may determine the very change of the complexity conditions according to which the Source progressively expresses its "wild" action. In this sense, simulation models are not neutral or purely speculative: the true cognition actually appears to be necessarily connected with successful forms of reading, those forms, in particular, that permit a specific coherent unfolding of the deep information content of the Source. Therefore, the simulation models, if valid, materialise as "creative" channels, i.e., as autonomous functional systems, as the very roots of a new possible development of the entire system represented by mind and its Reality
    Abstract: As is well known, cognition is not only a self-organising process. It is also a co-operative and coupled process. If we consider the external environment as a complex, multiple and stratified Source which interacts with the nervous system, we can easily realise that the cognitive activities devoted to the "intelligent" search for the depth information living in the Source, may determine the very change of the complexity conditions according to which the Source progressively expresses its "wild" action. In this sense, simulation models are not neutral or purely speculative: the true cognition actually appears to be necessarily connected with successful forms of reading, those forms, in particular, that permit a specific coherent unfolding of the deep information content of the Source. Therefore, the simulation models, if valid, materialise as "creative" channels, i.e., as autonomous functional systems, as the very roots of a new possible development of the entire system represented by mind and its Reality
    Description / Table of Contents: Epistemic Complexity and Knowledge Construction; Acknowledgements; Contents; Chapter 1: Complexity, Self-Organization and Natural Evolution; 1.1 Entropy and the "Intermediate State"; 1.2 Algorithmic Complexity and Self-Referentiality; 1.3 Cellular Automata and Self-Organization; Notes; Chapter 2: Embodiment Processes and Biological Computing; 2.1 The Game of Life and the Alternative Splicing; 2.2 The Interface Between Ruler and Coder; 2.3 The Recipe at Work: The Role of the Simulation Tools at the Evolutionary Level; 2.4 Reflexive Domains vs. Self-Organizing Domains; Notes
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 3: Randomness, Semantic Information and Limitation Procedures3.1 Logic and Probability: The Role of Constituents; 3.2 Semantic Information and Algorithmic Complexity; 3.3 Surface Information vs. Depth Information: The Biological Computer; 3.4 Non-standard Models and Limitation Procedures; Notes; Chapter 4: Natural Language and Boolean Semantics: the Genesis of the Cognitive Code; 4.1 Intensional Language and Natural Logic; 4.2 Logic and Ontology; 4.3 Meaning as Use and the Unfolding of Cognitive Activity; Notes; Chapter 5: Morphogenesis and the Emergence of Meaning
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.1 Eigenforms, Categorial Intuitions and Rational Perception5.2 Meaning Clarification and the "Thinking I"; 5.3 Knowledge and Reality: The Role of Conceptual Constructions; Notes; Bibliography; Name Index; Subject Index
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  • 79
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400762749
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 269 p. 14 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: The International Library of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Ethics 20
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Farm economics ; Social sciences ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Farm economics ; Social sciences
    Abstract: This edited volume presents ethical and economic analyses of agrifood competition. By systematically examining fairness and openness in agricultural markets, it seeks to answer the question of whether there is adequate competition in the agrifood industry and whether the system is fair to all participants. It outlines ethical and economic principles important for understanding agrifood competition, presents arguments for and against consolidation, globalization and the integration of agrifood industries, and looks at the implications of globalization on the nature of competition in specific agricultural contexts
    Abstract: This edited volume presents ethical and economic analyses of agrifood competition. By systematically examining fairness and openness in agricultural markets, it seeks to answer the question of whether there is adequate competition in the agrifood industry and whether the system is fair to all participants. It outlines ethical and economic principles important for understanding agrifood competition, presents arguments for and against consolidation, globalization and the integration of agrifood industries, and looks at the implications of globalization on the nature of competition in specific agricultural contexts
    Description / Table of Contents: The Ethics and Economics of Agrifood Competition; Acknowledgements; Contents; About the Authors; Chapter 1: Introduction to the Ethics and Economics of Agrifood Competition: Connotations, Complications and Commentary; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 The Meaning of Adequacy; 1.3 The Meaning of Fairness; 1.4 Analyses of Agrifood Competition; 1.5 The Lesson; References; Part I Conceptualizing Agrifood Competition; Chapter 2: Conceptualizing Fairness in the Context of Competition: Philosophical Sources; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Fair Treatment and Fair Play; 2.3 Fairness and the Social Contract
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.4 Fairness and Efficient Competition2.5 Fairness and Outcomes; 2.6 Fairness and Rules; 2.7 Assessing Fair Competition; 2.8 Fair Agrifood Competition; References; Chapter 3: Are Ethics and Efficiency Locked in Antithesis?; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 What Is Ethics?; 3.3 What Is Efficiency?; 3.4 The Relation Between Ethics and Efficiency; 3.4.1 Ethical Duties as a Constraint on Production; 3.4.2 Ethical Consumption and Ethical Production; 3.4.3 Institutionalizing Ethical Considerations in the Sector; 3.5 Conclusion; References; Chapter 4: The Fallacy of "Competition" in Agriculture
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.1 Introduction4.2 The True Central Question of Competition: What Is It?; 4.2.1 The Nature of Competition; 4.2.2 `Free and Fair' Competition; 4.2.2.1 Free Competition; 4.2.2.2 Fair Competition; 4.3 The Problem of Perfect Competition; 4.4 Competition in Agriculture; 4.4.1 The Demise of Competition in Agriculture?; 4.4.2 The Shortcoming of Government Intervention; 4.4.3 Competition in Agriculture Today; 4.4.4 So Whence Concerns About Competition in Agriculture Today?; 4.4.5 What Does This Tell Us About Competition in Agriculture?; 4.4.6 Ethics and the Fallacy of Competition; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 5: Efficiency, Power and Freedom5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Overview; 5.3 Aggregate Economic Efficiency; 5.3.1 The Free Market; 5.4 Morals of Monopoly and Competition; 5.5 Antitrust and Competition Policy; 5.5.1 Collusion in Fixing the Rules of the Marketplace; 5.5.2 Knightian Welfare Economics; 5.5.3 Economic Freedom for Farmers and Ranchers; 5.5.4 Serfdom; 5.5.5 Economic Freedom for Consumers; 5.5.6 Innovation and Democracy; 5.6 Concluding Remarks: Back to the Agrifood System; References; Chapter 6: Networks, Power and Dependency in the Agrifood Industry; 6.1 Introduction
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.2 Previous Research on Agrifood Industry Structure6.3 Networks, Dependency and Power; 6.4 Differential Dependencies in Stylized Agrifood Networks; 6.4.1 Broilers; 6.4.2 Beef; 6.4.3 Corn and Soybeans; 6.5 Ethics of Dependency; 6.6 Conclusions; References; Chapter 7: Reaping and Sowing for a Sustainable Future: The Import of Roman Catholic Social Teaching for Agrifood Competition; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Roman Catholic Social Teaching; 7.3 Agrifood Competition in Roman Catholic Social Teaching; 7.3.1 Rerum Novarum (1891); 7.3.2 Quadragesimo Anno (1931); 7.3.3 Excursus: César Chávez
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.3.4 Mater et Magistra (1961)
    Note: Includes index
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  • 80
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400757752 , 1283909324 , 9781283909327
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 76 p, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Law 7
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy of law ; Philosophy ; Criminal Law ; Criminology ; Law ; Law ; Philosophy of law ; Philosophy ; Criminal Law ; Criminology ; Verhältnismäßigkeitsgrundsatz ; Rechtsphilosophie
    Abstract: The book applies the principle of proportionality to a number of conventional wisdoms in the social sciences, such as in dubio pro reo and the assumption that a crime is always a crime; that you must go to war if instructed to do so. Individuals and states are not obliged to come to the aid of stricken individuals and states. The book is organised in seven chapters, each dealing with a self-standing theme related to proportionality.
    Abstract: The book applies the principle of proportionality to a number of conventional wisdoms in the social sciences, such as in dubio pro reo and the assumption that a crime is always a crime; that you must go to war if instructed to do so. Individuals and states are not obliged to come to the aid of stricken individuals and states. The book is organised in seven chapters, each dealing with a self-standing theme related to proportionality
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Preface -- 2. Introduction -- 3. Book I, In Dubio Pro Reo -- 4. Book II, When a Crime is not a Crime -- 5. Book III, Love and Proportionality -- 6. Book IV, The End Justifying the Means -- 7. Book V, True Globalisation -- 8. Book VI, Large and Small Crimes -- 9. Book VII, A Farewell to Evolution. 〈br〉.
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  • 81
    ISBN: 9789400749511
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 259 p. 1 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 32
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Science Philosophy
    Abstract: This book is a radical reappraisal of the importance of Aristotelianism in Britain. Using a full range of manuscripts as well as printed sources, it provides an entirely new interpretation of the impact of the early-modern Aristotelian tradition upon the rise of British Empiricism, and reexamines the fundamental shift from a humanist logic to epistemology and facultative logic. The task is to reconstruct the philosophical background and framework in which the thought of philosophers such Locke, Berkeley and Hume originated: some aspects of their empiricism can be explained only in reference to the academic Aristotelian tradition, even if these authors established themselves as anti-scholastic, anti-Aristotelian philosophers outside the official institutions.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Introduction -- 2 Logic in the British Isles during the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries -- 3 Logic in the Universities of the British Isles -- 4 Zabarella’s Empiricism 5 Early Aristotelianism between Humanism and Ramism -- the British School 7 Continental Aristotelians in the British Isles -- 8 The Empiricism of the Seventeenth-Century Aristotelianism -- 9. The Reformers of Aristotelian Logic -- 10 Late Seventeenth-Century Aristotelianism -- 11 Conclusion -- Bibliography.-Index ​.
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  • 82
    ISBN: 9789400715189
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 414 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H.L. van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 206
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Schütz, Alfred, 1899 - 1959 Collected papers ; 6: Literary reality and relationships
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Linguistics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Linguistics ; Literatur ; Interaktion
    Abstract: This book contains texts devoted by Alfred Schutz to the 'normative' areas of literature and ethics. It includes writings dealing with the author-reader relationship, multiple realities, the literary province of meaning, and Schutz's views on equality. Never published in English commentaries on Goethe's novel and the account of personality in the social world appear in this volume.
    Abstract: The three essays in this volume illuminate Alfred Schutz’s understanding of literature and literary relationships. The first, “Life Forms and Meaning Structures,” presents such ideal life-forms as duration, memory, the speaking ego, and the I in relation to the Thou. This essay also describes the fundamental nature of human experience, its pluralized realms, the passage of time, perspectival interpretation, action and its impediments-all concepts which make possible an understanding of literature and literary themes. The essay goes on to discuss opera, and the relationship between music and language in opera. The second essay, “The Problem of Personality in the Social World,” offers insights into the unity the social person achieves, temporality, and the role of the body and the importance of pragmatic relevances. This shows how, even before he arrived in the United States, Schutz went beyond his 1932 Phenomenology of the Social World in a pragmatic direction. This essay anticipates Schutz’s 1945 essay, “On Multiple Realities,” by discussing reality-spheres of working, phantasy, dreams, and theory. Reality-spheres are vital for understanding literature, as shown in the third essay, which translates for the first time two Goethe manuscripts produced by Schutz in 1948. The first text, on Lehrjahre, reveals Schutz actually interpreting a piece of literature, tracing the themes of art and life and fate and freedom through the text. The second, a commentary on Goethe’s Wanderjahre, presents an inchoate theory of literature. Defending Goethe’s 1829 version of the Wanderjahre novel, Schutz argues that critics miss the point that readers of literature adopt a specific kind of epoché in which they enter a reality-sphere governed by “the logic of the poetic event,” whose rules are not those of everyday life or theoretical contemplation. In sum, this volume brings out the distinctive character of literary reality and the relationships between author and reader, and invites the reader to derive a sense of how Schutz himself read literature.
    Description / Table of Contents: Editorial Introduction by Michael Barber -- Life Forms and Meaning Structures -- The Problem of Personality in the Social World” -- Two Goethe Texts: “Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre” (Wilhelm Meister’s Year of Apprenticeship) and “Zu Wilhelm Meisters Wanderjahren” (On Wilhelm Meister’s Years of Travel).
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  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400762237
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 235 p. 2 illus, digital)
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Silver, David Business Ethics in the 21st Century, by Norman E. Bowie. Dordrecht: Springer, 2013. 235 pp. ISBN: 978-9400762220 2015
    Series Statement: Issues in Business Ethics 39
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Economics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Economics ; Wirtschaftsethik
    Abstract: This work provides a critical look at business practice in the early 21st century and suggests changes that are both practical and normatively superior. Several chapters present a reflection on business ethics from a societal or macro-organizational point of view. It makes a case for the economic and moral superiority of the sustainability capitalism of the European Union over the finance-based model of the United States. Most major themes in business ethics are covered and some new ones are introduced, including the topic of the right way to teach business ethics. The general approach adopted in this volume is Kantian. Alternative approaches are critically evaluated
    Description / Table of Contents: Business Ethics in the 21st Century; Introduction by the Series Editors; Preface; Editorial Board Issues in Business Ethics; Editorial Board Eminent Voices in Business Ethics; Contents; Part I: Economic Issues in Business Ethics; Chapter 1: Fair Markets Revisited; Morality as a Ground of Legal Decisions; A Rejoinder and Reply; Advice for Managers; Characteristics of Fairness; Objections and Replies; Conclusion; Chapter 2: What's Wrong with Efficiency and Always Low Prices; Introduction; The Problem; Some Observations from Home and Abroad; What Some Others Are Saying; The Issue or Issues
    Description / Table of Contents: What's to Be DoneObjections and Replies; Conclusion; Chapter 3: Economics, Friend or Foe of Ethics; Economics as Foe; Foe: Adherence to Psychological Egoism; Foe: Assumptions of Agency Theory; Dropping the "No Transaction Costs" Assumption: Transaction Cost Economics; Turning Economics from Foe to Friend; Codes of Ethics; The Importance of a Good "Ethical Climate"; Multinationals and Universal Standards; The Argument for Universal Ethical Values; An Argument for Truly Universal Standards of Business Ethics; A Complication; Fairness as an Explanatory Variable in Economics and Management Theory
    Description / Table of Contents: ConclusionPart II: Philosophical Issues in Business; Chapter 4: Kantian Themes; Why Kant; Organization of This Chapter; Rethinking and Defending Business Ethics : A Kantian Perspective; Chapter 1 Immoral Business Practices; Chapter 2 Treating the Humanity of Stakeholders as Ends Rather than as Means Merely; Chapter 3 The Firm as a Moral Community; Chapter 4 Acting from Duty: How Pure a Motive?; Chapter 5 The Cosmopolitan Perspective; The New Generation of Scholars Applying Kant to Business Ethics; Aristotle-Not Kant; Kantian Accounts of Corporate Social Responsibility; Conclusion
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 5: Limitations of the Pragmatist Approach to Business EthicsBackground; Rorty's Contingency, Irony, and Solidarity; Why Literature Misleads; Rorty's Address Before the Society for Business Ethics; The Pragmatism of Ed Freeman and Some of His Students; Should Stakeholder Theorists Adopt a Pragmatist Methodology?; Concluding Thought; Part III: International Issues in Business Ethics; Chapter 6: Varieties of Corporate Social Responsibility; The Maximization of Shareholder Wealth Capitalism-American Finance Based Capitalism; Corporate Social Responsibility as Charity
    Description / Table of Contents: An Addendum to the Classical American View: Stakeholder CapitalismSocial Responsibility Under the Stakeholder Model; The European Sustainability Version of Capitalism; Philanthropy, the Safety Net, and Human Rights; The Business Case for Social Responsibility; Corporate Social Responsibility in Asia; Japan; India; China; Evidence That China Seems to Lack a Sense of Corporate Social Responsibility; Which Version of Corporate Social Responsibility Should a Country Adopt?; The Moral Argument for Sustainability; Why Philanthropy Is Not Enough
    Description / Table of Contents: Does China Need Corporate Social Responsibility to Survive
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 84
    ISBN: 9789400758452
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 512 p. 30 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: The Philosophy of Science in a European Perspective 4
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy
    Abstract: This volume is a serious attempt to open up the subject of European philosophy of science to real thought, and provide the structural basis for the interdisciplinary development of its specialist fields, but also to provoke reflection on the idea of ‘European philosophy of science’. This efforts should foster a contemporaneous reflection on what might be meant by philosophy of science in Europe and European philosophy of science, and how in fact awareness of it could assist philosophers interpret and motivate their research through a stronger collective identity. The overarching aim is to set the background for a collaborative project organising, systematising, and ultimately forging an identity for, European philosophy of science by creating research structures and developing research networks across Europe to promote its development
    Description / Table of Contents: Table of Contents; From the Sciences that Philosophy Has "Neglected" to the New Challenges; I; II; III; IV; Teams A and D The Philosophy of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence; Computing with Mathematical Arguments; Abstract; 1. Interactively Formalizing Mathematical Arguments; 2. Proof-Checking Technology; 3. Problems for Formal Proofs; 3.1 Inferentialism, indeterminacy of content; 3.2 Regress; 4. What Counts As "Obvious"?; 5. Conclusion; References; Is There a Unique Physical Entropy? Micro versus Macro; Abstract; 1. Entropy in Statistical Physics; 2. Entropy in Thermodynamics
    Description / Table of Contents: 3. A Discrepancy4. The Standard "Solution": Indistinguishability of Particles of The Same Kind; 5. Permutations of "Identical" Classical Particles; 6. An Alternative "Solution": Distinguishability ofParticles of The Same Kind; 7. The Difference Between The Thermodynamic and Statistical Entropies; References; A Defence of the Principle of Information Closureagainst the Sceptical Objection; Abstract; 1. Introduction; 2. The formulation of the Principle of Information Closure; 3. The sceptical objection; 4. The defence of the principle; 5. An objection against the defence and a reply
    Description / Table of Contents: 6. Conclusion: Information closure and the logic of being informedReferences; Probabilistic Logics in Quantum Computation; Abstract; 1. Introduction; 2. Preliminary Notions; 3. Probabilistic-Type Logic for Qbits; 4. Probabilistic-Type Logic for Mixed States; 5. Connections with Fuzzy Logic; References; Quantum Observer, Information Theory and Kolmogorov Complexity; Abstract; 1. Introduction; 2. Observer In The Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics; 2.1 Observer in the Copenhagen orthodoxy; 2.2 London and Bauer; 2.3 Wigner; 2.4 Everett; 3.Information-Theoretic Definition of Observer
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.1 Observer as a system identification algorithm3.2 Quantum and classical systems; 4. Elements of Reality; 4.1 Entropic criterion of objectivity; 4.2 Relativity of observation; 5. Experimental Test; 6. Concluding Remarks; References; Mathematical Philosophy?; Abstract; 1. Introduction; 2. Logical Analysis and Logical Explication; 3. The Dawn of Mathematics in Philosophy; 4. Recent uses of Mathematical methods in Philosophy; 5. Limitations?; 5.1 Philosophy and our conceptual world; 5.2 Models and instrumentalism; 5.3 Informal concepts and the discursive style
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.4 The bounded scope of mathematical methodsReferences; The Value of Computer Science for Brain Research; Abstract; 1. Introduction; 2. Brain research and its need for analogies; 3. Computer Science as the way out of the black box; 4. Simulating the brain: The Blue Brain Project; 5. Bottom-up vs. top-down simulations: Function before structure; 6. Conclusion; On Algorithm and Robustness in a Non-standard Sense; Abstract; 1. Introducation; 2. Reverse Mathematics; 2.1. Alan Turing's machine and Recursion Theory; 2.2. Reverse Mathematics and robustness; 3. Reuniting the Antipodes
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.1. The notion of finite procedure in Nonstandard Analysis
    Description / Table of Contents: Wenceslao J. Gonzalez, Preface,- Teams A and D: The Philosophy of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence -- Jesse Alama, Reinhard Kahle, Computing with Mathematical Arguments -- Dennis Dieks, Is There a Unique Physical Entropy? Micro versus Macro -- Luciano Floridi, A Defence of the Principle of Information Closure against the Sceptical Objection -- Roberto Giuntini, Hector Freytes,  Antonio Ledda, Giuseppe Sergioli,  Probabilistic Logics in Quantum Computation -- Alexei Grinbaum, Quantum Observer, Information Theory and Kolmogorov Complexity -- Leon Horsten, Mathematical Philosophy? -- Ulriche Pompe, The Value of Computer Science for Brain Research -- Sam Sanders, On Algorithm and Robustness in a Non-standard Sense.-  Francisco C. Santos, Jorge M. Pacheco, Behavioral Dynamics under Climate Change Dilemmas -- Sonja Smets, Reasoning about Quantum Actions: A Logician's Perspective -- Leszek Wroński, Branching Space-Times and Parallel Processing -- Team B: Philosophy of Systems Biology -- Gabriele Gramelsberger, Simulation and System Understanding -- Tarja Knuuttila, Andrea Loettgers, Synthetic Biology as an Engineering Science? Analogical Reasoning, Synthetic Modeling, and Integration.- Anders Strand, Gry Oftedal, Causation and Counterfactual Dependence in Robust Biological Systems.- Melinda Bonnie Fagan, Experimenting Communities in Stem Cell Biology: Exemplars and Interdisciplinarity -- William Bechtel, From Molecules to Networks: Adoption of Systems Approaches in Circadian Rhythm Research.- Olaf Wolkenhauer, Jan-Hendrik Hofmeyr, Interdisciplinarity as both Necessity and Hurdle for Progress in the Life Sciences -- Team C: The Sciences of the Artificial vs. the Cultural and Social Sciences.- Amparo Gómez, Archaeology and Scientific Explanation: Naturalism, Interpretivism and ‘A Third Way’.- Demetris Portides, Idealization in Economics Modeling -- Ilkka Niiniluoto, On the Philosophy of Applied Social Sciences -- Arto Siitonen, The Status of Library Science: From Classification to Digitalization -- Paolo Garbolino, The Scientification of Forensic Practice -- Wenceslao J. Gonzalez, The Sciences of Design as Sciences of Complexity: The Dynamic Trait -- Subrata Dasgupta, Epistemic Complexity and the Sciences of the Artificial -- María José Arrojo, Communication Sciences as Sciences of the Artificial: The Analysis of the Digital Terrestrial Television.- Team E: The Philosophy of the Sciences that Received Philosophy of Science Neglected: Historical Perspective -- Elisabeth Nemeth, The Philosophy of the Other Austrian Economics -- Veronika Hofer, Philosophy of Biology in Early Logical Empiricism -- Julie Zahle, Participant Observation and Objectivity in Anthropology -- Jean-Marc Drouin, Three Philosophical Approaches to Entomology -- Anastasios Brenner, François Henn, Chemistry and French Philosophy of Science. A Comparison of Historical and Contemporary Views -- Cristina Chimisso, The Life Sciences and French Philosophy of Science: Georges Canguilhem on Norms -- Massimo Ferrari, Neglected History: Giulio Preti, the Italian Philosophy of Science, and the Neo-Kantian Tradition -- Thomas Mormann, Topology as an Issue for History of Philosophy of Science -- Graham Stevens, Philosophy, Linguistics, and the Philosophy of Linguistics -- PSE Symposium at EPSA 2011: New Challenges to Philosophy of Science.- Olav Gjelsvik, Philosophy as Interdisciplinary Research -- Theo Kuipers, Philosophy of Design Research -- Raffaella Campaner, Philosophy of Medicine and Model Design -- Roman Frigg, Seamus Bradley, Reason L. Machete, Leonard A. Smith, Probabilistic Forecasting: Why Model Imperfection Is a Poison Pill -- Daniel Andler, Dissensus in Science as a Fact and as a Norm. .
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  • 85
    ISBN: 9789400751316
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 175 p. 4 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Issues in Business Ethics 37
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Education Philosophy ; Industrial management ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Education Philosophy ; Industrial management ; Unternehmensethik ; Unternehmen ; Komplexes System ; Metareflexion
    Abstract: Corporations, and the environments in which they operate, are complex, with changing multiple dimensions, and an inherent capacity to evolve qualitatively. A central premise of this study is that a postmodern reading of ethics represents an expression of, and an engagement with, the ethical complexities that define the business landscape. In particular, the deconstructive philosophy of Jacques Derrida offers a non-trivial reading of a complex notion of ethics, and thereby helps us to develop the skills necessary to critique and intervene in our practices, and to develop robust strategies for living in the absence of prescriptive ethical frameworks. Although a central premise of this study is that substantive ethical claims can only be generated within a given context, the study nevertheless presents readers with a meta-position that illustrates the type of considerations that should inform ethical reflection from a complexity perspective. In order to illustrate the value that this meta-position holds for business ethics, these considerations are explored in terms of the implications that they hold for our understanding of corporate social responsibility, for the practice of responsible management and leadership practices, and for teaching business ethics.
    Description / Table of Contents: On the (Im) Possibility of Business Ethics; Preface; Acknowledgements; Contents; Part I: Theoretical Foundation; Chapter 1: Towards a Postmodern Understanding of Business Ethics; Introduction; Characterising Postmodernism; Analytic Distinctions; (Anti)Ideological Distinctions; The Crisis of Representation; The Provisionality of Meaning; Reflexivity; The Decentring of the Subject; Assessing the Viability of a Postmodern Business Ethics; Walton´s Scepticism; Gustafson´s Defence of Postmodernism; Postmodern Insights: Redefining the Agenda for Business Ethics
    Description / Table of Contents: The Status of Contesting Knowledge ClaimsThe Ethical Task: Learning to Reflect on, and Engage with, Ethical Problems; Performative Reflexivity and Moral Judgement; The Ethical Task: Broadening Perspectives on Available Choices; The Contextually-Defined Nature of Ethical Practices; The Ethical Task: Nurturing a Critical Disposition; Critical Challenges: Problematising the Fact-Value Distinction; The Fields of Business Ethics; The Normative Field; The Descriptive Field; The Postmodern Challenge; Problematising Descriptive Ethics; Problematising Normative Ethics; Implications
    Description / Table of Contents: Postmodern Ethics as an Ethics of PracticeReferences; Chapter 2: The Ethics of Complexity and the Complexity of Ethics; Introduction; Characterising Critical Complexity; Two Understandings of Complexity Theory; Restricted Complexity; General Complexity; Features of Complex Systems; Complex Systems Are Not Complicated Systems; Complex Systems Are Characterised by Richly Interconnected Components; The Component Parts of Complex Systems Have a Double-Identity; Upward and Downward Causation Give Rise to Complex Structures; Complex Systems Are Non-additive
    Description / Table of Contents: Complex Systems Exhibit Self-Organising and Emergent BehaviourComplex Systems Are Structured; Complex Systems Are Open and Bounded Systems; Ethical Implications; The Ethics of Complexity and the Limits of Knowledge; The Status of Our Models; Reductionism in the Social Sciences; Modelling and the Importance of a Double-Consciousness; The Embeddedness of Ethical Practices: Positioning the Moral Agent; Static Versus Fluid Conceptions of Identity; Moral Agency in a Complex World; The Complexity of Ethics and Responsible Action; Towards a Meta-Ethical Position; The Provisional Imperative
    Description / Table of Contents: Postmodernism, Complexity, and Theories of the OrganisationReferences; Chapter 3: Introducing a Deconstructive Ethics; Introduction; Derrida´s Central Concepts; Beyond Logocentricism; Hierarchy and Authority; (Con)text; The Example of Speech and Writing; On Deconstructing; The First and Second Movements of Deconstruction; Revisiting the Example of Speech and Writing; Beyond a Binary Logic; Supplementary Complications; Play, Différance, and the Trace; Deconstructing Plato´s Pharmacy; Deconstruction Is Hymeneal; Complexity, Deconstruction, and Ethics; The Ethics of Deconstruction
    Description / Table of Contents: Ethical Testimony
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9789400759985
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 812 p. 6 illus., 2 illus. in color, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Spheres of global justice
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Political science Philosophy ; Medicine ; Law ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Political science Philosophy ; Medicine ; Law ; Weltordnung ; Soziale Gerechtigkeit ; Globalisierung ; Politische Beteiligung ; Erde
    Abstract: Spheres of Global Justice analyzes six of the most important and controversial spheres of global justice, each concerning a specific global social good. These spheres are democratic participation, migrations, cultural minorities, economic justice, social justice, and intergenerational justice. Together they constitute two constellations dealt with, in this collection of essays by leading scholars, in two different volumes: Global Challenges to Liberal Democracy and Fair Distribution. These essays illustrate each of the spheres, delving into their differences, commonalities, collisions and interconnections. Unlike many writings on global justice, Spheres of Global Justice does not content itself with describing the painful and advantageous effects of the globalization process as being ipso facto a global injustice or a just global order. Rather, this multidisciplinary collection of essays, from a pluralist inspiration, combines empirical analysis with theoretical approaches and ethical principles, paying close attention to two aspects of the effects of the globalization process. These aspects are the causal relationships that lead to such effects and the kinds of obligations, or of normative relationships between global rights and correlative duties, that applies to each specific individual case. This volume illustrates how diverse global obligations are, and how they can be, grounded in diverse relationships (identity, ability to provide help, causal responsibility, past injustices, protection of agency and promotion of independence, etc.). These essays also demonstrate that an ethical global approach has not only international or transnational, but also domestic, local and interpersonal dimensions
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 General Introduction; Jean-Christophe Merle -- Volume 1 Global Challenges to Liberal Democracy: Political Participation, Minorities and Migrations -- Co-Editors: Luc Foisneau, Christian Hiebaum, Juan Carlos Velasco -- 2 Introduction; Luc Foisneau, Christian Hiebaum and Juan Carlos Velasco -- Part 1 Political Participation;  Co-Editor:  Christian Hiebaum -- 3 Global Democracy. Promises and Delusions; Klaus Müller -- 4 Democracy in the Age of Global Markets; Urs Marti -- 5 Bringing Democracy Back In? From local politics to global politics; Hans Vorländer -- 6 Demarchy - A Dubious Conception of Global Democracy; Christian Hiebaum -- 7 Participation in Public Debate and Ethical Division Within Nations; Emmanuel Picavet -- 8 Deliberative Democracy and the Politics of Difference; Daniel Loewe -- 9 Political Legitimacy of the EU in the Perspective of Citizens' Participation and Representation; Herman von Erp -- 10 Global Citizenship? Political Rights Under Imperial Conditions; Massimo La Torre -- Part 2 Minorities; Co-Editor: Luc Foisneau -- 11 What is 'Political' about Minority Rights?; Luc Foisneau -- 12 Walzer on Community and Emergency: the Question of Minorities; Tom Sorell -- 13 Territoriality and Transnational Citizenship; Oliviero Angeli -- 14 Minority Parties, Parties not Unlike the Others: The Case of the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (DAHR); Antonela Capelle-Pogacean -- 15 Minority Rights and Global Justice: A Netherlands Perspective; Piet de Klerk -- 16 Integrating Cultural Concerns in the Interpretation of Traditional Individual Rights - Lessons from the International Human Rights Jurisprudence; Julie Ringelheim -- 17 Intercultural Justice. Cutting across the cultural boundaries of legal norms; Francisco Colom-Gonzalez -- 18 Cultural Defense, Hate Crimes and Equality Before the Law; Jean-Christophe Merle -- 19 On the Relationship Between Law and Morality in a National and in a Global Perspective; Paul Cobben -- 20 Cultural and Minority Rights in European Integration - Promises and Pitfalls; Francis Cheneval and Sonja Dänzer -- 21 The Recognition of New States and the Protection of Minority Rights in Yugoslavia; Richard Caplan -- 22 Cosmopolitan Justice and Minority Rights: The Case of Minority Nations (or Kant again, but different); Ferran Requejo -- Part 3 Migrations; Co-Editor: Juan Carlos Velasco -- 23 Beyond the Borders. Migration Policies, Justice and Citizenship from a Global Perspective; Juan Carlos Velasco -- 24 Migration and Global Inequalities; Francis Cheneval -- 25 To Each Their Own Place? Immigration, Justice, and Political Reflexivity; Hans Lindahl -- 26 Migration and the Division of Moral Labor; Christian Hiebaum -- 27 The Dilemmas of Control: rights, walls and identities in state policies to international migration; Ana López Sala -- 28 From Protection of the Migrant to the Rights of the Migrant Person: Free the migrant from his legal exile..; Sylvie Saroléa -- 29 Immigration and Cultural Justice: A Reflection On Human Rights Of "New" Minorities; Eduardo J. Ruiz Vieytez -- 30 Challenging Illegalization: Migrant Struggles, Political Actions and Rancière's Political Philosophy; Noelia González Cámara -- 31 The Democratic Integration of Difference: Reflections on the Paradoxes of the French Republican Model of Citizenship; Matteo Gianni -- 32 Headscarves in School Again: How republican is the 2004 law banning ostentatious religious signs from public schools?; Jean-Fabien Spitz -- Volume 2 Fair Distribution: Global Economic, Social and Intergenerational Justice; Co-Editors: Paul Cobben, Urs Marti -- 33 Introduction to Global Social Justice; Urs Marti -- Part 1Global Social Justice; Co-Editor:  Urs Marti -- 34 Social and Global Justice; Peter Koller -- 35 Global Social Justice: Whose justice, whose responsibility?; Bernd Ladwig -- 36 Human Capabilities and Global Justice; Ricardo Parellada -- 37 Social Right in a Global Economy; Urs Marti -- 38 Institutionalization of Social Justice and Constitutionalization of Socio-Economic Equality; Caroline Guibet Lafaye -- 39 Consequentialist and Nonconsequentialist Dimensions in the Ethical Evaluation of Inequality; Emmanuel Picavet.-40 The Discourse of Justice in Political, Legal and Moral Community; Peter Burgess -- 41 Which Identities are Entitled to Collective Rights?; Paul Cobben -- 42 Are WTO Sanctions Unjust?; Henri Culot -- 43 Global Justice. Imposed and Shared Risks; Véronique Munoz-Dardé -- Part 2 Global Economic Justice; Co-Editor: Paul Cobben -- 44 Introduction to Global Economic Justice; Paul Cobben -- 45 Positive Rights and Globalization of Duties; Txetxu Ausín.-  46 Global Distributions of World Resources; Caroline Guibet-Lafaye -- 47 Perfecting Imperfect Duties via Institutionalization; Markus Stepanians -- 48 Do We Have a Negative Duty Towards the Global Poor?Thomas Pogge on global justice; Roland Pierik -- 49 World poverty and the duty to aid; Johan Graafland and Mandy Bosma -- 50 The WHO Policy of Primary Health Care; Caroline Guibet Lafaye -- 51 Dancing with the Devil: A (Limited) Defence of Protectionism; Krista Nadakavukaren-Schefer -- 52 Neoliberalism and Authority Relationships; Emmanuel Picavet -- 53 Economic Citizenship Rights as Barriers to Trade? Production-related Local Justice and Business-driven Globalisation; Richard Sturn -- 54 Can Multinationals be Considered Moral Actors? Or: does business ethics make any sense?; Paul Cobben -- 55 Justice of Wages in Germany and Abroad - An Empirical Investigation; Gert Wagner, Stefan Liebig and Jürgen Schupp -- Part 3 Intergenerational Justice -- 56 Introductory Remark -- 57 Climate Justice: Past Emissions and the Present Allocation of Emission Rights; Lukas Meyer and Dominic Roser -- 58 Sustainable development as practical intragenerational and intergenerational justice: interpretations, requirements, and indicators; Paul-Marie Boulanger -- 59 On the Relevancy of the Ecological Footprint for the Study of Intergenerational Justice; Grégory Ponthière -- 60 Pension funds, sovereign-wealth funds and intergenerational justice; Alexander Cappelen and Runa Urheim.-  61 The Polluter Pays? Backward-Looking Principles of Intergenerational Justice and the Environment; Daniel Butt -- 62 Democracy and Future Generations. Should the unborn have a voice?; Ludvig Beckmann -- 63 The Preservation of Humankind as an Object of Moral Concern; Herman van Erp -- 64 About the Authors.
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400765344
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 393 p. 74 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 30
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Computer science ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Computer science ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical
    Abstract: Written by experts in the field, this volume presents a comprehensive investigation into the relationship between argumentation theory and the philosophy of mathematical practice. Argumentation theory studies reasoning and argument, and especially those aspects not addressed, or not addressed well, by formal deduction. The philosophy of mathematical practice diverges from mainstream philosophy of mathematics in the emphasis it places on what the majority of working mathematicians actually do, rather than on mathematical foundations. The book begins by first challenging the assumption that there is no role for informal logic in mathematics. Next, it details the usefulness of argumentation theory in the understanding of mathematical practice, offering an impressively diverse set of examples, covering the history of mathematics, mathematics education and, perhaps surprisingly, formal proof verification. From there, the book demonstrates that mathematics also offers a valuable testbed for argumentation theory. Coverage concludes by defending attention to mathematical argumentation as the basis for new perspectives on the philosophy of mathematics.
    Description / Table of Contents: IntroductionPart I. What are Mathematical Arguments? -- Chapter 1. Non-Deductive Logic in Mathematics: The Probability of Conjectures; James Franklin -- Chapter 2. Arguments, Proofs, and Dialogues; Erik C. W. Krabbe -- Chapter 3. Argumentation in Mathematics; Jesús Alcolea Banegas -- Chapter 4. Arguing Around Mathematical Proofs; Michel Dufour -- Part II. Argumentation as a Methodology for Studying Mathematical Practice -- Chapter 5. An Argumentative Approach to Ideal Elements in Mathematics; Paola Cantù -- Chapter 6. How Persuaded Are You? A Typology of Responses; Matthew Inglis and Juan Pablo Mejía-Ramos -- Chapter 7. Revealing Structures of Argumentations in Classroom Proving Processes; Christine Knipping and David Reid -- Chapter 8. Checking Proofs; Jesse Alama and Reinhard Kahle -- Part III. Mathematics as a Testbed for Argumentation Theory -- Chapter 9. Dividing by Zero-and Other Mathematical Fallacies; Lawrence H. Powers -- Chapter 10. Strategic Maneuvering in Mathematical Proofs; Erik C. W. Krabbe -- Chapter. 11 Analogical Arguments in Mathematics; Paul Bartha -- Chapter 12. What Philosophy of Mathematical Practice Can Teach Argumentation Theory about Diagrams and Pictures; Brendan Larvor -- Part IV. An Argumentational Turn in the Philosophy of Mathematics -- Chapter 13. Mathematics as the Art of Abstraction; Richard L. Epstein -- Chapter 14. Towards a Theory of Mathematical Argument; Ian J. Dove -- Chapter 15. Bridging the Gap Between Argumentation Theory and the Philosophy of Mathematics; Alison Pease, Alan Smaill, Simon Colton and John Lee -- Chapter 16. Mathematical Arguments and Distributed Knowledge; Patrick Allo, Jean Paul Van Bendegem and Bart Van Kerkhove -- Chapter 17. The Parallel Structure of Mathematical Reasoning; Andrew Aberdein -- Index.
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400760912
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 389 p. 35 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning, Interdisciplinary Perspectives from the Humanities and Social Sciences 1
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Cellucci, Carlo, 1940 - Rethinking logic
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Computer science ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Computer science ; Computer science ; Logic ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logik ; Interdisziplinäre Forschung
    Abstract: This volume examines the limitations of mathematical logic and proposes a new approach to logic intended to overcome them. To this end, the book compares mathematical logic with earlier views of logic, both in the ancient and in the modern age, including those of Plato, Aristotle, Bacon, Descartes, Leibniz, and Kant. From the comparison it is apparent that a basic limitation of mathematical logic is that it narrows down the scope of logic confining it to the study of deduction, without providing tools for discovering anything new. As a result, mathematical logic has had little impact on scientific practice. Therefore, this volume proposes a view of logic according to which logic is intended, first of all, to provide rules of discovery, that is, non-deductive rules for finding hypotheses to solve problems. This is essential if logic is to play any relevant role in mathematics, science and even philosophy. To comply with this view of logic, this volume formulates several rules of discovery, such as induction, analogy, generalization, specialization, metaphor, metonymy, definition, and diagrams. A logic based on such rules is basically a logic of discovery, and involves a new view of the relation of logic to evolution, language, reason, method and knowledge, particularly mathematical knowledge. It also involves a new view of the relation of philosophy to knowledge. This book puts forward such new views, trying to open again many doors that the founding fathers of mathematical logic had closed historically
    Description / Table of Contents: PrefaceChapter 1. Introduction -- Part I. Ancient Perspectives -- Chapter 2. The Origin of Logic -- Chapter 3. Ancient Logic and Science -- Chapter 4. The Analytic Method -- Chapter 5. The Analytic-Synthetic Method -- Chapter 6. Aristotle's Logic: The Deductivist View -- Chapter 7. Aristotle's Logic: The Heuristic View -- Part II. Modern Perspectives -- Chapter 8. The Method of Modern Science -- Chapter 9. The Quest for a Logic of Discovery -- Chapter 10. Frege's Approach to Logic -- Chapter 11. Gentzen's Approach to Logic -- Chapter 12. The Limitations of Mathematical Logic -- Chapter 13. Logic, Method, and the Psychology of Discovery -- Part III: An Alternative Perspective -- Chapter 14. Reason and Knowledge -- Chapter 15. Reason, Knowledge and Emotion -- Chapter 16. Logic, Evolution, Language and Reason -- Chapter 17. Logic, Method and Knowledge -- Chapter 18. Classifying and Justifying Inference Rules -- Chapter 19. Philosophy and Knowledge -- Part IV: Rules of Discovery -- Chapter 20. Induction and Analogy -- Chapter 21. Other Rules of Discovery -- Chapter 22. Conclusion -- References -- Name Index -- Subject Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographies and index
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  • 89
    ISBN: 9789400747463
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 631 p. 73 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 27
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy
    Abstract: This book reconstructs key aspects of the early career of Descartes from 1618 to 1633; that is, up through the point of his composing his first system of natural philosophy, Le Monde, in 1629-33. It focuses upon the overlapping and intertwined development of Descartes’ projects in physico-mathematics, analytical mathematics, universal method, and, finally, systematic corpuscular-mechanical natural philosophy. The concern is not simply with the conceptual and technical aspects of these projects; but, with Descartes’ agendas within them and his construction and presentation of his intellectual identity in relation to them. Descartes’ technical projects, agendas and senses of identity shifted over time, entangled and displayed great successes and deep failures, as he morphed from a mathematically competent, Jesuit trained graduate in neo-Scholastic Aristotelianism to aspiring prophet of a systematised corpuscular-mechanism, passing through stages of being a committed physico-mathematicus, advocate of a putative ‘universal mathematics’, and projector of a grand methodological dream. In all three dimensions-projects, agendas and identity concerns-the young Descartes struggled and contended, with himself and with real or virtual peers and competitors, hence the title ‘Descartes-Agonistes’. ​
    Description / Table of Contents: Descartes-Agonistes; Preface; Contents; Chapter 1: Introduction: Problems of Descartes and the Scientific Revolution; 1.1 Prologue: The 'Young' and the 'Mature' Descartes, Natural Philosopher; 1.2 Descartes and the Historians of Science; 1.3 Key Pitfalls (and Opportunities) Facing Descartes' Biographers (Even Authors of Quite Truncated Biographies); 1.3.1 The Problem of Method and Its Texts: Regulae and Discours; 1.3.2 The Problem of Descartes the Natural Philosopher, and of Natural Philosophy as a Wide and Dynamic Field of Discourse and Contention
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.3.3 Scientific Biography and the Historiography of Science1.4 Overview of the Argument; References; Works of Descartes and Their Abbreviations; Other; Chapter 2: Conceptual and Historiographical Foundations-Natural Philosophy, Mixed Mathematics, Physico-mathematics, Method; 2.1 Jesuit neo-Scholasticism for the noblesse de robe; 2.2 In Search of Proper Categories and Angle of Attack; 2.3 Constructing the Category of Natural Philosophy, Part 1-Natural Philosophizing as Culture and Process; 2.4 Some Heuristic Help: Modeling Modern Sciences as Unique, Agonal Traditions in Process
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.5 Constructing the Category of Natural Philosophy, Part 2: The Dynamics and Rules of Contestation of Natural Philosophizing2.5.1 Articulation on Subordinate Disciplines: Grammar and Specific Utterance; 2.5.2 Find or Steal Discoveries, Novelties or Facts, Including Experimental Ones; 2.5.3 Bend or Brake Aristotle's Rules About Mathematics and Natural Philosophy: The Gambit of 'Physico-Mathematics'; 2.5.4 "Hot Spots" of Articulation Contest: Additional Causes and Effects of Heightened Turbulence in the Field of Natural Philosophizing
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.5.5 Modeling System Construction and Contestation - The 'Core', 'Vertical' and 'Horizontal' Dimensions of a Natural Philosophical System2.5.6 The Mechanics of Responding to 'Outside' Challenges and Opportunities; 2.6 The Special Status of the Problem of Method; 2.7 Phases and Stages in the 'Scientific Revolution' Seen as an Unfolding Process in the Field of Natural Philosophizing, with Its Attendant Articulations to Other Domains; 2.8 Looking Forward-What Kind of Natural Philosopher/Physico-Mathematician Was René Descartes?; References; Works of Descartes and Their Abbreviations; Other
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 3: 'Recalled to Study'-Descartes, Physico-Mathematicus3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Beeckman: Mentor and Colleague in Physico-Mathematics and Natural Philosophy; 3.2.1 Corpuscular-Mechanical Natural Philosophy and the Values of the Practical Arts; 3.2.2 Beeckman's Causal Register, Principles of Mechanics and Version of Physico-Mathematics; 3.3 Exemplary Physico-Mathematics: The Hydrostatics Manuscript of 1619; 3.3.1 Stevin, Archimedes and the Hydrostatic Paradox; 3.3.2 The Hydrostatics Manuscript [1] The Micro-Corpuscular Reduction; 3.3.3 The Hydrostatics Manuscript [2] The Force of Motion
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.4 What's the Agenda: Descartes' Radical Form of Physico-Mathematics
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: Problems of Descartes and the Scientific Revolution -- Conceptual and Historiographical Foundations.-  Recalled to Study: Descartes Physico-Mathematicus  Descartes Opticien: The Optical Triumph of the 1620s -- nalytical Mathematics, Universal Mathematics and Method: Descartes’ Identity and Agenda Entering the 1620s.- Method and the Problem of the Historical Descartes.-  Universal Mathematics Interruptus: The Program of the later Regulae and its Collapse 1626-28 -- Reinventing the Agenda and Identity: Descartes, Physico-mathematical Philosopher of Nature 1629-33.-  Reading Le Monde as Pedagogy and Fable -- Waterworld: Descartes’ Vortical Celestial Mechanics and Cosmological Optics in Le Monde. - Le Monde as a System of Natural Philosophy -- Cosmography, Realist Copernicanism and Systematising Strategy in the Principia Philosophiae -- Conclusion: The Young and the Mature Descartes Agonistes -- Appendix 1 Descartes, Mydorge and Beeckman: The Evolution of Cartesian Lens Theory 1627-1637.-  Appendix 2 Decoding Descartes’ Vortex Celestial Mechanics in the Text of Le Monde.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400760677
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 273 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 106
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Neutrality and theory of law
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of law ; Criminology ; Law ; Law ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of law ; Criminology ; Criminology ; Genetic epistemology ; Law ; Philosophy of law ; Law ; Philosophy ; Congresses ; Konferenzschrift 2010 ; Rechtswissenschaft ; Rechtstheorie ; Rechtspositivismus ; Rechtsphilosophie ; Rechtsphilosophie ; Kriminologie
    Abstract: This book brings together twelve of the most important legal philosophers in the Anglo-American and Civil Law traditions. The book is a collection of the papers these philosophers presented at the Conference on Neutrality and Theory of Law, held at the University of Girona, in May 2010. The central question that the conference and this collection seek to answer is: Can a theory of law be neutral? The book covers most of the main jurisprudential debates. It presents an overall discussion of the connection between law and morals, and the possibility of determining the content of law without appealing to any normative argument. It examines the type of project currently being held by jurisprudential scholarship. It studies the different approaches to theorizing about the nature or concept of law, the role of conceptual analysis and the essential features of law. Moreover, it sheds some light on what can be learned from studying the non-essential features of law. Finally, it analyzes the nature of legal statements and their truth values. This book takes the reader a step further to understanding law
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- The Province of Jurisprudence Underdetermined; Juan Carlos Bayón -- Necessity, Importance, and the Nature of Law; Frederick Schauer -- Ideals, Practices, and Concepts in Legal Theory; Brian Bix -- Alexy Between Positivism and non-Positivism; Eugenio Bulygin -- The Architecture of Jurisprudence ; Jules Coleman -- Norms, Truth and Legal Statements; Jorge Rodríguez -- Juristenrecht. Inventing Rights, Obligations, and Powers; Riccardo Guastini -- The Demarcation Problem in Jurisprudence: A New Case for Skepticism; Brian Leiter -- Normative Legal Positivism, Neutrality, and the Rule of Law; Bruno Celano -- On the Neutrality of Charter Reasoning; Wilfrid Waluchow -- Between Positivism and Non-Positivism? A Third Reply to Eugenio Bulygin; Robert Alexy -- The Scientific Model of Jurisprudence; Dan Priel -- Jurisprudential Methodology: Is Pure Interpretation Possible?; Kevin Walton.    ​.
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  • 91
    ISBN: 9789400761100
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 270 p. 4 illus., 3 illus. in color, digital)
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 107
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Coherence: insights from philosophy, jurisprudence and artificial intelligence
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Genetic epistemology ; Computers Law and legislation ; Law ; Law ; Genetic epistemology ; Computers Law and legislation ; Law ; Philosophy ; Sense of coherence ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Kohärenz ; Rechtsphilosophie
    Abstract: This book is a thorough treatise concerned with coherence and its significance in legal reasoning. The individual chapters present the topic from the general philosophical perspective, the perspective of legal-theory as well as the viewpoint of cognitive sciences and the research on artificial intelligence and law. As it has turned out the interchange of knowledge among these disciplines is very fruitful for each of them, providing mutual inspiration and increasing understanding of a given topic. This book is a unique resource for anyone interested in the concept of coherence and the role it plays in reasoning. As this book captures important contemporary issues concerning the ongoing discussion on coherence and law, those interested in legal reasoning should find it particularly helpful. By presenting such a broad scope of views and methods on approaching the issue of coherence we hope to promote the general interest in the topic as well as the academic research that centers around coherence and law.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- About the Authors -- Table of Contents -- Three Kinds of Coherentism; Jaap Hage -- Coherence and Reliability in Judicial Reasoning; Stefan Schubert and Erik J. Olsson -- Coherence and Probability: A Probabilistic Account of Coherence; William Roche -- Coherence: An Outline in Six Metaphors and Four Rules; Juan Manuel Peréz Bermejo -- Legal Interpretation and Coherence; Bartosz Brożek -- Normative Inconsistency and Logical Theories. A First Critique of Defeasibilism; Giovanni Battista Ratti -- The Third Theory of Legal Objectivity; Aldo Schiavello -- Pattern Languages & Institutional Facts.Functions and Coherences in the Law; Kenneth Ehrenberg -- Consistency and Coherence in the “Hypertext” of Law. A Textological Approach; Wojciech Cyrul -- Case Classification, Similarities, Spaces of Reasons, and Coherences; Marcello Guarini -- Coherence as Constraint Satisfaction: Judicial Reasoning Support Mechanism; Jaromír Šavelka -- Limits of Constraint Satisfaction Theory of Coherence as a Theory of (Legal) Reasoning; Michał Araszkiewicz -- Ten Theses on Coherence in Law; Amalia Amaya.  Introduction -- About the Authors -- Table of Contents -- Three Kinds of Coherentism; Jaap Hage -- Coherence and Reliability in Judicial Reasoning; Stefan Schubert and Erik J. Olsson -- Coherence and Probability: A Probabilistic Account of Coherence; William Roche -- Coherence: An Outline in Six Metaphors and Four Rules; Juan Manuel Peréz Bermejo -- Legal Interpretation and Coherence; Bartosz Brożek -- Normative Inconsistency and Logical Theories. A First Critique of Defeasibilism; Giovanni Battista Ratti -- The Third Theory of Legal Objectivity; Aldo Schiavello -- Pattern Languages & Institutional Facts.Functions and Coherences in the Law; Kenneth Ehrenberg -- Consistency and Coherence in the “Hypertext” of Law. A Textological Approach; Wojciech Cyrul -- Case Classification, Similarities, Spaces of Reasons, and Coherences; Marcello Guarini -- Coherence as Constraint Satisfaction: Judicial Reasoning Support Mechanism; Jaromír Šavelka -- Limits of Constraint Satisfaction Theory of Coherence as a Theory of (Legal) Reasoning; Michał Araszkiewicz -- Ten Theses on Coherence in Law; Amalia Amaya.  .
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Cover
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400765078
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 533 p. 11 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 33
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Psychology History ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Psychology History
    Abstract: This book discusses that imagination is as important to thinking and reasoning as it is to making and acting. By reexamining our philosophical and psychological heritage, it traces a framework, a conceptual topology, that underlies the most disparate theories: a framework that presents imagination as founded in the placement of appearances. It shows how this framework was progressively developed by thinkers like Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, and Kant, and how it is reflected in more recent developments in theorists as different as Peirce, Saussure, Wittgenstein, Benjamin, and Bachelard. The conceptual topology of imagination incorporates logic, mathematics, and science as well as production, play, and art. Recognizing this topology can move us past the confusions to a unifying view of imagination for the future
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgments; Contents; Chapter 1: Beginning in the Middle of Things; 1.1 Constellations of Questions About Imagination; 1.2 The Occluded-Occulted Tradition of Intelligent Imagining; References; Chapter 2: Locating Emergent Appearance; 2.1 Some Practice of Imagining, and Thoughts About It; 2.2 Psychologism, Antipsychologism, and the Persistence of the Visual Model; 2.3 Limits of the Visual Model; 2.4 Elementary and Complex Imagining; 2.5 Listening to Images; 2.6 Can Philosophers Sing?; 2.7 Simple Imagining and Beyond; References40
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 3: Locating Imagination: The Inceptive Field Productivity and Differential Topology of Imagining (Plus What It Means to Play a Game)3.1 Hume's Blue; 3.2 From Resemblant Production to Schematized Activity in Fields; 3.3 Imagination as a Release in/of/from the Conditions of Perception; 3.4 The Repositioning of Imagination and the Problem of Reifying Consciousness; 3.5 Fields; 3.6 Imaginative Topology and Topographies; 3.7 Placing the Topological Dynamics of Imagination; 3.8 From Basketball Practice to the Biplanarity of Imagining
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.9 From the Biplanarity of Imagining to the Practice of Art3.10 Transition: Reversing the Occlusion and Occultation of Tradition; References66; Chapter 4: Plato and the Ontological Placement of Images; 4.1 Pre-Platonic Philosophy and the Emergence of the Image-Bearer; 4.2 Image-Bearers, Figures, and Images in Plato's Meno; 4.3 The Use and Abuse of Images; 4.4 Speech as Image, Reason as Imaginative, and the Platonic Ontology of Imaging; 4.5 The Multilevel Look of Things in the Republic; 4.6 The Paradoxes of Imaging; 4.7 The Ontology of Images and the Psychology of Scenario-Imagining
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.8 The Grand Image-Sequence of the Republic : From the Good Itself to the Dialectical Education of the Philosopher4.9 Singing and Hearing the logos; 4.10 Forming an Equable Icon of the Cosmos; 4.11 The Perfect Image of the Cosmos as the Goal of Dialectic; 4.12 Conclusion; References74; Chapter 5: Aristotle's phantasia : From Animal Sensation to Understanding Forms of Fields; 5.1 Aristotle's Physiologically Based Psychology of Imagination; 5.2 Placing Soul in Aristotelian Context; 5.3 Aristotle's Imagination Conventionalized; 5.4 Phantasia Beyond the Conventions
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.5 The Perplexities of Imagination in On the Soul III: An Overview5.6 The Imagination of On the Soul III.3: What It Is and What It Isn't; 5.7 Imagination, Sensation, Motion; 5.8 What the Physics of Motion Implies; 5.9 From Motions of Sensation to Structures of Imagining; 5.10 What Aristotle's Definition of Imagination Means; 5.11 Is Imagination the Same as Intellect?; 5.12 Parsing the Phenomenon of Thinking; 5.13 Thinking Imagination; 5.14 Conclusion; References; Chapter 6: The Dynamically Imaginative Cognition of Descartes; 6.1 Imagination After Aristotle and Before Descartes
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.2 Descartes's Starting Point
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400748071
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 313 p. 30 illus., 5 illus. in color, digital)
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 208
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Science in the age of Baroque
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Naturwissenschaften ; Kultur ; Geschichte 1600-1700
    Abstract: This volume examines the New Science of the 17th century in the context of Baroque culture, analysing its emergence as an integral part of the high culture of the period. The collected essays explore themes common to the new practices of knowledge production and the rapidly changing culture surrounding them, as well as the obsessions, anxieties and aspirations they share, such as the foundations of order, the power and peril of mediation and the conflation of the natural and the artificial. The essays also take on the historiographical issues involved: the characterization of culture in general and culture of knowledge in particular; the use of generalizations like ‘Baroque’ and the status of such categories; and the role of these in untangling the historical complexities of the tumultuous 17th century. The canonical protagonists of the ‘Scientific Revolution’ are considered, and so are some obscure and suppressed figures: Galileo side by side with Scheiner;Torricelli together with Kircher; Newton as well as Scilla. The coupling of Baroque and Science defies both the still-triumphalist historiographies of the Scientific Revolution and the slight embarrassment that the Baroque represents for most cultural-national histories of Western Europe. It signals a methodological interest in tensions and dilemmas rather than self-affirming narratives of success and failure, and provides an opportunity for reflective critique of our historical categories which is valuable in its own right.
    Description / Table of Contents: Science in the Age of Baroque; Contents; Chapter 1: Baroque Modes and the Production of Knowledge; Introduction: The Great Opposition; The Papers 2 : Shades of Baroque; Conclusion: Dilemmas and Anxieties; Notes; References; Part I: Order; Chapter 2: What Was the Relation of Baroque Culture to the Trajectory of Early Modern Natural Philosophy?; Introduction: Thinking About "Baroque Science"; Constructing the Category of Natural Philosophy-Natural Philosophising as Culture and Process
    Description / Table of Contents: Phases and Stages in the 'Scientific Revolution' Seen as an Unfolding Process in the Field of Natural PhilosophisingThe Dynamics and Rules of Natural Philosophical Contestation During the 'Crisis Within a Crisis' Phase; Articulation on Subordinate Disciplines: Grammar and Specific Utterance; Find or Steal Discoveries, Novelties or Facts, Including Experimental Ones; Bend or Brake Aristotle's Rules About Mathematics and Natural Philosophy: The Gambit of 'Physico-mathematics'; "Hot Spots" of Articulation Contest: Additional Causes and Effects of a Field in Crisis
    Description / Table of Contents: The Mechanics of Responding to 'Outside' Challenges and OpportunitiesRecruitment of Baroque Behaviours, Norms and Identities?; An Additional, Surprising, Conjectural Finding; Conclusion; References; Chapter 3: "Bent and Directed Towards Him": A Stylistic Analysis of Kircher's Sunflower Clock; Kircher's Sunflower Clock Reassessed; The Baroque Style; The Problem of Style; The Baroque Problem; A Stylistic Analysis; Clocks; Magnetism; Sunflowers; A Baroque Instrument; Conclusion; References; Chapter 4: From Divine Order to Human Approximation: Mathematics in Baroque Science; Kepler and Newton
    Description / Table of Contents: Kepler and PerfectionNewton and the Moving Aphelia; Kepler's ISL; The ISL After Kepler; Newton's ISL; Conclusion; References; Part II: Vision; Chapter 5: "The Quality of Nothing:" Shakespearean Mirrors and Kepler's Visual Economy of Science; Introduction; Shakespearean Mirrors and the End of Renaissance Science; Kepler's Astronomical Speculations, Aristotelian Metabasis and Renaissance Imagination; Keplerian Shadows on a Wall; Towards Baroque Modes of Observation; References; Chapter 6: Agostino Scilla: A Baroque Painter in Pursuit of Science; Introduction; The Making of a Learned Painter
    Description / Table of Contents: From Messina to RomeThe Genesis of a Scientific Conversation; Seeing Fossils Like a Painter; References; Chapter 7: What Exactly Was Torricelli's "Barometer?"; Introduction; "Torricelli's Barometer:" The Extant Sources; Rethinking Torricelli's Esperienza of 1644; Torricelli's Mercury Esperienza as Baroque Performance; Conclusion; References; Chapter 8: William Harvey and the Way of the Artisan; Introduction; Harvey's Way of Inquiry; The Problem of Inquiry; The Priority of Experience; The Way of the Artisan; The Particular; Apprenticeship and Experience; Artisans and Trust
    Description / Table of Contents: William Harvey and the Way of the Artisan
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Ofer Gal and Raz Chen Morris: Baroque Modes and the Production of Knowledge -- A. Order -- 2. John Schuster: What Was the Relation of Baroque Culture to the Trajectory of Early Modern Natural Philosophy? -- 3. Koen Vermeir: “Bent And Directed Towards Him:” A Baroque Perspective on Kircher’s Sunflower Clock -- 4. Ofer Gal: From Divine Order to Human Approximation: Mathematics in Baroque Science -- B. Vision -- 5. Raz Chen-Morris: “The Quality of Nothing,” Or Kepler's Visual Economy of Science -- 6. Paula Findlen: Agostino Scilla:  A Baroque Painter in Pursuit of Science -- 7. J.B. Shank: What Exactly Was “Torricelli’s Barometer?” -- 8. Alan Salter: William Harvey and the Way of the Artisan -- C. Excess -- 9. John Gascoigne: Crossing the Pillars of Hercules: Francis Bacon, the Scientific Revolution and the New World -- 10. Nicholas Dew: The Hive and the Pendulum: Universal Metrology and Baroque Science.-11. Victor Boantza: Chymical Philosophy and Boyle’s Incongruous Philosophical Chymistry.-12 Rivka Feldhay: The Simulation of Nature and the Dissimulation of the Law on a Baroque Stage: Galileo and the Church Revisited​.
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400747890
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXVI, 328 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 118
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Autonomy and the self
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of mind ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Autonomie ; Selbst ; Willensfreiheit ; Selbstständigkeit ; Person
    Abstract: This volume addresses the complex interplay between the conditions of an agent's personal autonomy and the constitution of her self in light of two influential background assumptions: a libertarian thesis according to which it is essential for personal autonomy to be able to choose freely how one's self is shaped, on the one hand, and a line of thought following especially the seminal work of Harry Frankfurt according to which personal autonomy necessarily rests on an already sufficiently shaped self, on the other hand. Given this conceptual framework, a number of influential aspects within current debate can be addressed in a new and illuminating light: accordingly, the volume's contributions range from 1) discussing fundamental conceptual interconnections between personal autonomy and freedom of the will, 2) addressing the exact role and understanding of different personal traits, e.g. Frankfurt's notion of volitional necessities, commitments to norms and ideals, emotions, the phenomenon of weakness of will, and psychocorporeal aspects, 3) and finally taking into account social influences, which are discussed in terms of their ability to buttress, to weaken, or even to serve as necessary preconditions of personal autonomy and the forming of one's self. The volume thus provides readers with an extensive and most up-to-date discussion of various influential strands of current philosophical debate on the topic. It is of equal interest to all those already engaged in the debate as well as to readers trying to get an up-to-date overview or looking for a textbook to use in courses
    Abstract: This volume addresses the complex interplay between the conditions of an agent’s personal autonomy and the constitution of her self in light of two influential background assumptions: a libertarian thesis according to which it is essential for personal autonomy to be able to choose freely how one’s self is shaped, on the one hand, and a line of thought following especially the seminal work of Harry Frankfurt according to which personal autonomy necessarily rests on an already sufficiently shaped self, on the other hand. Given this conceptual framework, a number of influential aspects within current debate can be addressed in a new and illuminating light: accordingly, the volume’s contributions range from 1) discussing fundamental conceptual interconnections between personal autonomy and freedom of the will, 2) addressing the exact role and understanding of different personal traits, e.g. Frankfurt’s notion of volitional necessities, commitments to norms and ideals, emotions, the phenomenon of weakness of will, and psychocorporeal aspects, 3) and finally taking into account social influences, which are discussed in terms of their ability to buttress, to weaken, or even to serve as necessary preconditions of personal autonomy and the forming of one’s self. The volume thus provides readers with an extensive and most up-to-date discussion of various influential strands of current philosophical debate on the topic. It is of equal interest to all those already engaged in the debate as well as to readers trying to get an up-to-date overview or looking for a textbook to use in courses.
    Description / Table of Contents: Autonomy and the Self; Foreword; Contents; Introduction; The Self; Subjectivist Accounts of the Self; Existential Account; Essential Nature Account; Social-Relational Accounts of the Self; Narrative Accounts of the Self; Autonomy and the Self; Existential cum Libertarian Thesis; Authenticity via Essential Nature Thesis; Internal vs. External Aspects of Autonomy and the Self; Autonomy, the Self, and Limited Freedom; Overview of Contributions; Part I: Autonomy and Free Will; Part II: Autonomy, the Self, and the Role of Personal T raits; Part III: Autonomy and the Self Within Society's Grip
    Description / Table of Contents: ReferencesPart I: Autonomy and Free Will; Freedom Without Choice?; 1 Introducing the Problem; 2 The Concept of Freedom; 3 Cutting the Possibilities Criterion; 4 Advancing the Criterion of "Naturalness"; 5 Freedom Dependent on Actual Choice; 6 Freedom Dependent on Possible Choice; 7 Possible Forms of Freedom Without Choice; 8 Conclusion; References; Freedom and Normativity - Varieties of Free Will; 1 Terminological and Substantial Disputes About Free Will; 2 The Evaluative Approach; 3 Varieties of Free Will; 3.1 Reflexivity or Capacity for Self- Consciousness
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.2 The Internal Structure of Free Will3.2.1 The Will I Experience as My Own; 3.2.2 The Will I Experience Wholeheartedly as My Own; 3.2.3 The Will I Try to Make My Own; 3.2.4 Will with the (Positive or Indifferent) Experience of Having Alternative Possibilities (Willkürfreiheit); 3.2.5 The Will I Experience (Positively) as Being Without Alternatives (Necessary Will); 3.2.6 Diachronic and Dynamic Will; 3.2.7 Strong or Rational Will; 3.3 The Context of Embedded Will; 3.3.1 The Will Which Is My Own (Authentic Will); 3.3.2 The Will I Make My Own (Autonomous Will)
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.3.3 Will with and Without Alternative Possibilities of Willing3.3.4 Will with Good Options; 3.3.5 Realizable Will; 3.3.6 Recognized Will; 3.3.7 Accountable and Responsible Will; 3.4 The Content of Free Will; 3.4.1 The Will Which Wills Free Will; 3.4.2 Prudent, Moral, and Legal Will; 3.4.3 Collective or Shared Will; 3.4.4 Transgressing Borders: Extended Will; 3.4.5 Ethical (Sittlicher) Will; References; Part II: Autonomy, the Self, and the Role of Personal Traits; Norm-Guided Formation of Cares Without Volitional Necessity - A Response to Frankfurt
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Introduction : Identification, Leeway, and Existential Autonomy2 Preliminaries: Rationalist Constitutivism and Arguments Against Leeway-Liberty; 3 From Caring to Volitional Necessities: Frankfurt's VN-Arguments; 3.1 Identification, Caring, and Love; 3.2 Frankfurt's Kantian Analogy; 3.3 Frankfurt's Integrity Argument; 3.4 The Emptiness of Total Liberty; 4 An Existentialist Response to Frankfurt: Projective Motivation and Norms; 4.1 Frankfurt's False Dichotomy and Internalism; 4.2 Normative Authority Without Prior Motives; 4.3 Existential Autonomy with Leeway-Liberty to the Core
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.4 The Dilution of Options by Too Many Alternatives?
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword -- Introduction; Michael Kühler, Nadja Jelinek -- Section I: Autonomy and Free Will -- 1. Freedom Without Choice?; Gottfried Seebaß -- 2. Freedom and Normativity - Varieties of Free Will; Barbara Merker -- Section II: Autonomy, the Self, and the Role of Personal Traits -- 3. Norm-Guided Formation of Cares without Volitional Necessity - A Response to Frankfurt; John Davenport -- 4. Dynamics in Autonomy; Nadja Jelinek -- 5. The Normative Significance of Personal Projects; Monika Betzler -- 6. Normative Self-Constitution and Individual Autonomy; John Christman -- 7. Psychocorporeal Selfhood, Practical Intelligence, and Adaptive Autonomy; Diana Tietjens Meyers -- 8. Emotion, Autonomy, and Weakness of Will; Sabine Döring -- 9. Who Am I to Uphold Unrealizable Normative Claims?; Michael Kühler -- Section III: Autonomy and the Self Within Society's Grip -- 10. Paternalistic Love and Reasons for Caring; Bennett W. Helm -- 11. Self-Identity and Moral Agency; Marina Oshana -- 12. Being Identical by Being (Treated as) Responsible; Michael Quante -- 13. Integrity Endangered by Hypocrisy; Nora Hangel -- 14. Who Can I Blame?; Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen -- About the Authors -- Index..
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  • 95
    ISBN: 9789400752313
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 212 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Sophia Studies in Cross-cultural Philosophy of Traditions and Cultures 3
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Regional planning ; Migration ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Regional planning ; Migration
    Abstract: This searching examination of the life and philosophy of the twentieth-century Indian intellectual Jarava Lal Mehta details, among other things, his engagement with the oeuvres of Martin Heidegger, Hans-Georg Gadamer, and Jacques Derrida. It shows how Mehta's sense of cross-cultural philosophy and religious thought were affected by these engagements, and maps the two key contributions Mehta made to the sum of human ideas. First, Mehta outlined what the author dubs a 'postcolonial hermeneutics' that uses the 'ethnotrope' of the pilgrim to challenge the philosophical hermeneutic emphasis on supplementation and augmentation. For Mehta, the hermeneutic encounter ruptures, rather than supplements, the self. Secondly, Mehta extended this concept of hermeneutics to interrogate the Hindu tradition, arriving at the concept of the 'negative messianic'. In contrast to Derrida's emphasis on the 'one to come', Mehta shows how the Hindu bhakti model represents the very opposite, that is, the 'withdrawn other, ' identifying thereby the ethical pitfalls of deconstructivism's emphasis on the messianic tradition. This is the only full-length study in English of this high-profile Hindu philosopher
    Abstract: This searching examination of the life and philosophy of the twentieth-century Indian intellectual Jarava Lal Mehta details, among other things, his engagement with the oeuvres of Martin Heidegger, Hans-Georg Gadamer, and Jacques Derrida. It shows how Mehta’s sense of cross-cultural philosophy and religious thought were affected by these engagements, and maps the two key contributions Mehta made to the sum of human ideas. First, Mehta outlined what the author dubs a ‘postcolonial hermeneutics’ that uses the ‘ethnotrope’ of the pilgrim to challenge the philosophical hermeneutic emphasis on supplementation and augmentation. For Mehta, the hermeneutic encounter ruptures, rather than supplements, the self. Secondly, Mehta extended this concept of hermeneutics to interrogate the Hindu tradition, arriving at the concept of the ‘negative messianic’. In contrast to Derrida's emphasis on the 'one to come', Mehta shows how the Hindu bhakti model represents the very opposite, that is, the 'withdrawn other,' identifying thereby the ethical pitfalls of deconstructivism's emphasis on the messianic tradition. This is the only full-length study in English of this high-profile Hindu philosopher
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- From Banaras to the West and and Back -- From Subcontinent to Continental -- Pilgrims and Pilgrimages -- Digging at the Roots: The Logic of the Hindu Tradition -- Heroes, Jewish Nomads, and Hindu Pilgrims: Ulysses, Abraham and Uddhava at the Cross- (cultural) - roads -- Bibliography.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400752191
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 1041 p. 8 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Humanities ; Religion (General)
    Abstract: The envisioned volume is a collection of recent essays about the philosophical exploration, critique and comparison of (a) the major philosophical models of God, gods and other ultimate realities implicit in the worlds philosophical schools and religions, and of (b) the ideas of such models and doing such modeling per se. The aim is to identify exactly what a model of ultimate reality is; create a comprehensive and accessible collection of extant models; and determine how best, philosophically, to model ultimate reality, if possible and desirable.
    Abstract: Dedicated to exploring the enormous variety of ultimate realities at the center of the world’s great religions and philosophical traditions, this volume is a richly varied collection of essays on how we conceive this central notion, whether expressed as God, or as an ultimate reality of another kind. Years in the making, the collection examines the guiding principles of 15 major philosophical traditions and 6 living religions. A publication of monumental scale and detail, it features an innovative thematic structure that aggregates traditions according to their core models, allowing the reader to grasp the common features of ultimate realities as understood in diverse traditions such as Hindu, Buddhist, Jewish, Muslim, Christian, and in some non-religious discussions. Borne out of proceedings at both the American Philosophical Association and the American Academy of Religion, the volume also examines foundational questions related to the human propensity for creating and using such models, including the issue of whether we are capable of acquiring knowledge of ultimate reality. It features a sustained analysis of the concept that modeling such an ultimate reality is a fruitless endeavor doomed to failure since the ultimate might well be beyond human conception, as well as reflections on the staggering diversity of these models and their application to concepts such as spirituality, gender equality, war, and global warming. Accessible and authoritative, the collection combines section primers for those new to the field, deeper treatment in dedicated essays, and a wealth of references for further reading and study
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400748453 , 128363418X , 9781283634182
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 203 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 104
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Kaufman, Whitley R. P., 1963 - Honor and revenge: a theory of punishment
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Criminology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Criminology ; Punishment ; Philosophy ; Punishment in crime deterrence ; Retribution ; Strafe ; Rechtsphilosophie ; Kriminologie ; Strafe ; Rechtsphilosophie ; Kriminologie
    Abstract: This book addresses the problem of justifying the institution of criminal punishment. It examines the "paradox of retribution: the fact that we cannot seem to reject the intuition that punishment is morally required, and yet we cannot (even after two thousand years of philosophical debate) find a morally legitimate basis for inflicting harm on wrongdoers. The book comes at a time when a new "abolitionist movement has arisen, a movement that argues that we should give up the search for justification and accept that punishment is morally unjustifiable and should be discontinued immediately. This book, however, proposes a new approach to the retributive theory of punishment, arguing that it should be understood in its traditional formulation that has been long forgotten or dismissed: that punishment is essentially a defense of the honor of the victim. Properly understood, this can give us the possibility of a legitimate moral justification for the institution of punishment.?
    Description / Table of Contents: Honor and Revenge: A Theory of Punishment; Contents; Chapter 1: The Problem of Punishment; 1.1 The Paradox of Retribution; 1.2 The Incoherence of Public Policy: A Muddle of Theories; 1.3 The Rise of Abolitionism; 1.4 The Strategy of This Book; 1.5 The Importance of the Debate; Chapter 2: Punishment as Crime Prevention; 2.1 Does Punishment Prevent Crime?; 2.2 Crime Prevention and the Utilitarian Moral Theory; 2.3 The Critique of Consequentialism; 2.4 Is It Ever Useful to Punish the Innocent?; 2.5 Punishing the Guilty; 2.6 What's Left of the Crime Prevention Theory?
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.7 The Intend/Foresee Distinction2.8 The Crime-Prevention Theory and Double Effect; 2.9 The DDE and Punishing the Innocent; 2.10 Deterrence and Retribution; Chapter 3: Can Retributive Punishment Be Justified?; 3.1 Crypto-Utilitarian Theories of Retribution; 3.1.1 The Deterrence-Based Theory of Retribution; 3.1.2 Retribution and Satisfaction of Victims; 3.2 Retribution as a Natural Instinct or Emotion; 3.3 Retribution as a Requirement of Reason; 3.3.1 Respect for the Offender; 3.3.2 Right to Be Punished; 3.3.3 Consent to Be Punished; 3.3.4 Unfair Advantage
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.4 Retribution as Conceptual Requirement3.5 The Expressive Theory of Retribution; 3.5.1 Can the Expressive Theory Justify Punishment?; 3.5.2 Why Hard Treatment?; 3.6 Retribution as a Moral Primitive; Chapter 4: The Mixed Theory of Punishment; 4.1 The Idea of "Separate Questions"; 4.2 The Conceptual Version of the Mixed Theory; 4.3 Legal Formalism; 4.4 The Separation of Powers Principle; 4.5 The Rule-Utilitarian Theory; 4.6 H.L.A. Hart's Two-Level Theory; 4.7 The "Practice Conception" Argument; 4.8 Utilitarianism, Retribution, and the Two Levels; 4.9 Conclusion
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 5: Retribution and Revenge5.1 Six Supposed Distinctions Between Revenge and Retribution; 5.2 Revenge Is Personal; 5.3 Revenge Is Inherently Excessive; 5.4 Revenge Is for Insults and Slights, Not Moral Wrongs; 5.5 Revenge Is Based on Sadistic Pleasure; 5.6 Revenge Is Based on the Principle of Collective Responsibility; 5.7 Revenge Is Based upon Strict Liability; 5.8 Conclusion: Revenge Versus Retribution; 5.9 Is Revenge Morally Permissible?; 5.10 Revenge, Retribution, and Honor; Chapter 6: What Is the Purpose of Retribution?; 6.1 The Intending Harm Requirement
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.2 Assessing the "Intending Harm Requirement"6.3 The Purpose of Revenge; 6.4 Punishment and Honor; 6.5 Honor and Punishment; 6.6 Intending Harm Versus Defending Honor; 6.7 From Private Revenge to Societal Punishment; 6.8 Retribution and Intentional Harm; 6.9 Honor and Impartiality; 6.10 The Expressive Theory Revisited; Chapter 7: Making Sense of Honor; 7.1 The Descriptive Claim and the Evolutionary Alternative; 7.2 The Value of Honor; 7.3 Is Honor Essentially External?; 7.4 The External Honor Thesis; 7.5 Five Interpretations of the External Honor Thesis; 7.6 Is Honor External?
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 8: Is Punishment Justified?
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  • 98
    ISBN: 9789400751019
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 315 p. 7 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: International Library of Ethics, Law, and the New Medicine 52
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Sports medicine ; Medical ethics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Sports medicine ; Medical ethics
    Abstract: The book provides an in-depth discussion on the human nature concept from different perspectives and from different disciplines, analyzing its use in the doping debate and researching its normative overtones. The relation between natural talent and enhanced abilities is scrutinized within a proper conceptual and theoretical framework: is doping to be seen as a factor of the athlete’s dehumanization or is it a tool to fulfill his/her aspirations to go faster, higher and stronger? Which characteristics make sports such a peculiar subject of ethical discussion and what are the, both intrinsic and extrinsic, moral dangers and opportunities involved in athletic enhancement? This volume combines fundamental philosophical anthropological reflection with applied ethics and socio-cultural and empirical approaches. Furthermore it presents guidelines to decision- and policy-makers on local, national and international levels.
    Description / Table of Contents: Athletic Enhancement, Human Nature and Ethics; Preface; Technology and Sport, Meanings and Realities; Acknowledgements; Contents; Contributors; Chapter 1: Introduction: Human Nature as a Promising Concept to Make Sense of the Spirit of Sport; 1.1 Part I: Conceptual and Theoretical Framework; 1.2 Part II: Transgressing the Limits of Human Nature; 1.3 Part III: The Normative Value of Human Nature; 1.4 Part IV: Socio-Cultural and Empirical Approaches; 1.5 Part V: Practices and Policies; Part I: Conceptual and Theoretical Framework
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 2: Self , Other, Play, Display and Humanity: Development of a Five-Level Model for the Analysis of Ethical Arguments in the Athletic Enhancement Debate2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Creation of an Ethical Research Model; 2.3 What Is at Stake?; 2.4 And What if Humanity Is at Stake?; 2.5 Doctoring Genes: Threats and Opportunities; 2.6 Integrity, Fairness, Freedom and Health; 2.7 Inclusion and Exclusion of Athletes; 2.8 Discussion and Conclusion; References; Chapter 3: Is Human Enhancement Unnatural and Would This Be an Ethical Problem?; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Some Meanings of the Natural
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.3 The Natural As According to Nature3.4 The Natural As the Normal; 3.5 The Natural As the Essential; 3.6 Conclusions for the Moral Value of the Natural; Ref erences; Chapter 4: Dignified Doping: Truly Unthinkable? An Existentialist Critique of 'Talentocracy' in Sports; 4.1 What Doping Is - And What It Need Not Be; 4.1.1 The Need for Rigorous Intrinsic Inquiry; 4.1.2 What is Doping?; 4.1.3 A Structured Search for Doping's Intrinsic Wrongs; 4.2 Proper Origins. May the Best, or May the Blessed Man Win; 4.2.1 Talent As Robustness and Doped Performances As Flukes
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.2.2 The Talented As the Authentic and Dopers As Phonies4.2.3 Natural Endowment As the Gift of Place and Purpose, and Doping As Its Loss; 4.2.4 Talent As a Signal of Fitness and Doping As Misleading Mimicry; 4.3 Proper Processes. Just Do It, or: Let Nature Do It for You; 4.3.1 Agency-Enabling Doping; 4.3.2 Baseline-Lifting Doping; 4.3.3 Passive Consumption of Natural Processes; 4.4 Proper Outcomes. Sporting Towards a Blank Slate or To Showcase a Blueprint; 4.4.1 Reshaping the Human Figure As Straying from the Original Plan; 4.4.2 Reshaping the Human Figure As Repugnant Deformation
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.4.3 Reshaping the Human Figure As (Mutual) Alienation4.5 Conclusion. The Unbearable Lightness of Being a Self-Made Man, Out There Playing Games; References; Part II: Transgressing the Limits of Human Nature; Chapter 5: Subhuman , Superhuman, and Inhuman: Human Nature and the Enhanced Athlete; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 The Appeal of Philosophical Boundary Work; 5.3 Stooping to the Subhuman; 5.4 Aspiring to the Superhuman; 5.5 Engineering the Inhuman; 5.6 The Meaning of Athletic Agency; 5.7 Conclusion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 6: Prometheus on Dope: A Natural Aim for Improvement or a Hubristic Drive to Mastery?
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface by Thomas H. Murray, President Emeritus of the Hastings Center and Chair of the Ethical Issues Review Panel for the World Anti-Doping Agency.Introduction: Human nature as a promising concept to make sense of the spirit of sport -- Part I Conceptual and Theoretical Framework -- Jan Tolleneer and Paul Schotsmans, Self, other, play, display and humanity. Development of a five-level model for the analysis of ethical arguments in the athletic enhancement debate -- Christian Lenk, Is human enhancement unnatural and would this be an ethical problem? -- Pieter Bonte, Dignified doping: truly unthinkable? An existentialist critique of ‘talentocracy’ in sports. - Part II Transgressing the limits of human nature -- Eric Juengst, Subhuman, superhuman, and inhuman. Human nature and the enhanced athlete -- Trijsje Franssen, Prometheus on dope. A natural aim for improvement or a hubristic drive to mastery? -- Darian Meacham, Outliers, freaks, and cheats. Constituting normality in the age of enhancement -- Part III The normative value of human nature -- Andreas De Block, Doping use as an artistic crime. On natural performances and authentic art -- Andrew Holowchak, Something from nothing or nothing from something?. Performance-enhancing drugs, risk, and the natures of contest and of humans -- Mike McNamee, Transhuman athletes and pathological perfectionism. Recognising limits in sports and human nature -- Part IV Socio-cultural and empirical approaches -- Marianne Raakilde Jespersen, “Definitely not for women”. An online community’s reflections on women’s use of performance enhancing drugs in recreational sports -- Denis Hauw, Toward a situated and dynamic understanding of doping behaviors -- Tara Magdalinski, Restoring or enhancing athletic bodies. Oscar Pistorius and the threat to pure performance -- Part V Practices and policies -- John Hoberman, Sports physicians, human nature, and the limits of medical enhancement -- Bengt Kayser and Barbara Broers, Anti-doping policies: choosing between imperfections -- Roger Brownsword, A simple regulatory principle for performance-enhancing technologies. Too good to be true?.
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400753570 , 1283936097 , 9781283936095
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 215 p. 23 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 362
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Bayesian argumentation
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Computer simulation ; Applied linguistics ; Social sciences Methodology ; Applied psychology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Computer simulation ; Applied linguistics ; Social sciences Methodology ; Applied psychology ; Reasoning (Psychology) ; Congresses ; Logic ; Congresses ; Thought and thinking ; Congresses ; Probabilities ; Congresses ; Bayesian statistical decision theory ; Congresses ; Konferenzschrift ; Argumentationstheorie ; Bayes-Entscheidungstheorie
    Abstract: Relevant to, and drawing from, a range of disciplines, the chapters in this collection show the diversity, and applicability, of research in Bayesian argumentation. Together, they form a challenge to philosophers versed in both the use and criticism of Bayesian models who have largely overlooked their potential in argumentation. Selected from contributions to a multidisciplinary workshop on the topic held in Lund, Sweden, in autumn 2010, the authors count legal scholars and cognitive scientists among their number, in addition to philosophers. They analyze material that includes real-life court cases, experimental research results, and the insights gained from computer models.The volume provides a formal measure of subjective argument strength and argument force, robust enough to allow advocates of opposing sides of an argument to agree on the relative strengths of their supporting reasoning. With papers from leading figures such as Mike Oaksford and Ulrike Hahn, the book comprises recent research conducted at the frontiers of Bayesian argumentation and provides a multitude of examples in which these formal tools can be applied to informal argument. It signals new and impending developments in philosophy, which has seen Bayesian models deployed in formal epistemology and philosophy of science, but has yet to explore the full potential of Bayesian models as a framework in argumentation. In doing so, this revealing anthology looks destined to become a standard teaching text in years to come.
    Description / Table of Contents: Bayesian Argumentation; Foreword; Contents; Bayesian Argumentation: The Practical Side of Probability; 1 Introduction; 2 The Bayesian Approach to Argumentation; 3 Chapter Overview; 3.1 The Bayesian Approach to Argumentation; 3.2 The Legal Domain; 3.3 Modeling Rational Agents; 3.4 Theoretical Issues; References; Part I: The Bayesian Approach to Argumentation; Testimony and Argument: A Bayesian Perspective; 1 Introduction; 2 Testimony, Argumentation and the `Third Way´; 3 Some Problems for MAXMIN; 4 A Bayesian Perspective; 5 Message Content and Message Source: Exploring Norms and Intuitions
    Description / Table of Contents: 6 Rehousing Argumentation Schemes Within a Bayesian Framework7 Concluding Remarks; References; Why Are We Convinced by the Ad Hominem Argument?: Bayesian Source Reliability and Pragma-Dialectical Discussion Rules; 1 Types of the Argumentum Ad Hominem; 2 The Pragma-Dialectical Approach; 3 The Bayesian Approach; 4 An Experiment on the Argument Ad Hominem; 5 Method; 6 Results and Discussion; 7 Conclusion; Appendix: Experimental Materials; Abusive; Circumstantial; Tu Quoque; Control; References; 1 Introduction; 2 Survey of Relevant Uncertainties; Part II: The Legal Domain
    Description / Table of Contents: A Survey of Uncertainties and Their Consequences in Probabilistic Legal Argumentation2.1 The Example Case; 2.2 Factual Uncertainty; 2.3 Normative Uncertainty; 2.4 Moral Uncertainty; 2.5 Empirical Uncertainty; 2.6 Interdependencies; 3 Desirable Attributes for a Probabilistic Argument Model to Assist Litigation Planning; 3.1 Assessment of Utilities; 3.2 Easy Knowledge Engineering; 3.3 Conflict Resolution and Argument Weights; 4 Sample Assessment of Graphical Models; 4.1 A Graphical Structure of the Analysis; 4.2 Casting the Example into a Graphical Model; 4.3 Generic Bayesian Networks
    Description / Table of Contents: 5 Carneades5.1 A Brief Introduction to the Carneades Model; 5.2 Carneades Bayesian Networks; 5.3 Carneades Bayesian Networks with Probabilistic Assumptions; 5.4 Introduction to Argument Weights; 6 Extension of Carneades to Support Probabilistic Argument Weights; 7 Desiderata for Future Developments; 7.1 Weights Subject to Argumentation; 7.2 Inform Weights from Values; 8 Conclusions and Future Work; References; Was It Wrong to Use Statistics in R v Clark? A Case Study of the Use of Statistical Evidence in Criminal Courts; 1 Introduction; 2 Factual Background; 3 Existing Explanations
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.1 The Flaws in Meadow´s Calculation3.2 The Psychological Effect of the Statistical Evidence; 3.3 The Prosecutor´s Fallacy; 3.4 Bayes´ Theorem; 3.5 The Insignificance of the SIDS Statistics; 4 The Contrastive Explanation; 5 Conclusion; References; Part III: Modeling Rational Agents; A Bayesian Simulation Model of Group Deliberation and Polarization; 1 Introduction; 2 The Laputa Simulation Framework; 3 The Underlying Bayesian Model; 4 Interpreting Laputa; 5 Do Bayesian Inquirers Polarize?; 6 Conclusion and Discussion; Appendix; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Degrees of Justification, Bayes´ Rule, and Rationality
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: Frank Zenker.​- Part 1 -- The Bayesian Approach to Argumentation -- Chapter 1. Testimony and Argument: A Bayesian Perspective: Ulrike Hahn, Mike Oaksford and Adam J.L. Harris -- Chapter 2. Why are we convinced by the Ad Hominem Argument?: Source Reliability or Pragma-Dialectics: Mike Oaksford and Ulrike Hahn.- Part 2. The Legal Domain.-Chapter 3. A survey of uncertainties and their consequences in Probabilistic Legal Argumentation: Matthias Grabmair and Kevin D. Ashley -- Chapter 4. What went wrong in the case of Sally Clark? A case-study of the use of Statistical Evidence in Court: Amid Pundik -- Part 3. Modeling Rational Agents -- Chapter 5. A Bayesian Simulation Model of Group Deliberation: Erik J. Olsson -- Chapter 6. Degrees of Justification, Bayes' Rule, and Rationality: Gregor Betz -- Chapter 7. Argumentation with (Bounded) Rational Agents: Robert van Rooij and Kris de Jaeghery -- Part 4. Theoretical Issues -- Chapter 8. Reductio, Coherence, and the Myth of Epistemic Circularity: Tomoji Shogenji -- Chapter 9. On Argument Strength: Niki Pfeiffer -- Chapter 10 -- Upping the Stakes and the Preface Paradox: Jonny Blamey -- References.​.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400750319 , 1283640864 , 9781283640862
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 318 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in German Idealism 14
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Studies in German idealism
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Poma, Andrea The impossibility and necessity of theodicy
    RVK:
    Keywords: Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm: Essais de théodicée sur la bonté de Dieu, la liberté de l'homme et l'origine du mal ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm *1646-1716* ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; Philosophy ; Theodizee ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 Essais de théodicée sur la bonté de dieu, la liberté de l'homme et l'origine du mal ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 ; Theodizee ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 Essais de théodicée sur la bonté de dieu, la liberté de l'homme et l'origine du mal ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 ; Theodizee
    Abstract: This book provides an analytical interpretation of Leibniz's 'Essais de Théodicée' with wide-ranging references to all his works. It shows and upholds many thesis: Leibniz's rational conception of faith, his rational notion of mystery, the reformation of classical ontology, and the importance of Leibniz's thought in the tradition of the critical idealism. In his endeavor to formulate a theodicy, Leibniz emerges as a classic exponent of a non-immanentist modern rationalism, capable of engaging in a close dialogue with religion and faith. This relation implies that God and reason are directly involved in posing the challenge and that the defence of one is the defence of the other. Theodicy and logodicy are two key aspects of a philosophy which is open to faith and of a faith which is able to intervene in culture and history.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Impossibility and Necessity of Theodicy; Contents; Abbreviations and Symbols; Part I: The Impossibility and Necessity of Theodicy. The "Essais" of Leibniz; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1 Theodicy; 2 Philosophical Theodicy; 3 The Theodicy of Leibniz; Chapter 2: True Piety; 1 Truth and Appearance; 2 The Fundamental Truths of Faith; 3 Light and Virtue; 4 The Love of God; 5 Fatum Christianum; Chapter 3: Faith and Reason; 1 The General Terms of the Controversy; 2 Reason; 3 Truth Over and Against Reason: Mystery; 4 Faith and Apologetics: Comprehending and Upholding
    Description / Table of Contents: 5 The Antagonist of the Theodicy: ScepticismChapter 4: Apologetic Arguments in the Theodicy; 1 The Brief; 2 The Legal Arguments; 2.1 The Presumed Innocence of God; 2.2 That the Onus of Proof Lies with the Prosecution; 2.3 It Is Not Legitimate to Do Wrong in Order to Obtain that Which Is Right; 3 The Apologetic Arguments; 4 The Antagonist of the Theodicy: Gnosis; Chapter 5: Predetermination and Free Will; 1 Absolute Necessity vs. Hypothetical and Moral Necessity; 2 Contingency; 3 The Will; 4 Freedom; Chapter 6: Evil and the Best of All Possible Worlds; 1 The Principle of "the Best"
    Description / Table of Contents: 2 The Best of All Possible Worlds3 Evil; 4 Evil in the Best of All Possible Worlds; Chapter 7: God and the Reason Principle; 1 Divine Attributes: Faculties and Values; 2 The Central Role of Wisdom; 3 The Existence of God; 4 The Necessary Being and the Supremely Perfect Being; 5 God and the Reason Principle; Chapter 8: Conclusion; 1 The Theodicy of Leibniz; 2 Philosophical Theodicy; 3 Theodicy; Part II: Appendices; Chapter 9: Appendix One: The Metaphor of the "Two Labyrinths" and Its Implications in Leibniz's Thought; 1 The Metaphor and Its Meaning; 2 Geometric and Mechanical Curves
    Description / Table of Contents: 3 Natural and Artificial Machines4 Necessity and Contingency; 5 Hypothetical and Moral Necessity; 6 The Calculus of Variations; 7 The Best of All Possible Worlds; 8 Conclusion; Chapter 10: Appendix Two: The Reasons of Reason According to Leibniz; Chapter 11: Appendix Three: From Ontology to Ethics: Leibniz vs. Eckhard; Chapter 12: Appendix Four: Moral Necessity in Leibniz; 1 Possibility and Necessity: Non-existent Possibles; 2 Certain Determination; 3 Moral Necessity; Name Index;
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