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  • 2005-2009  (374)
  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank  (255)
  • Cham : Springer International Publishing AG  (119)
  • Economic Theory and Research  (255)
  • Political science  (119)
Datasource
Material
Language
Years
Year
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
Subjects(RVK)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Erfolge und Defizite der Integration türkeistämmiger Einwanderer : Entwicklung der Lebenssituation 1999 bis 2008 (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531918723 , 3531918729
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (183 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sauer, Martina Erfolge und Defizite der Integration türkeistämmiger Einwanderer
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MS 3550
    RVK:
    MS 3600
    Keywords: Geschichte 1999-2008 ; Türkischer Einwanderer ; Soziale Integration ; Lebensbedingungen ; Sociology ; Political science ; Emigration and immigration ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Human Migration ; Deutschland
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91872-3
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91872-3
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Rückkehr des Staates? : Politische Handlungsmöglichkeiten in unsicheren Zeiten (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531917276 , 3531917277
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (245 Seiten) , 5 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Heinze, Rolf G Rückkehr des Staates?
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MD 7600
    RVK:
    MG 15900
    RVK:
    MD 6300
    RVK:
    MS 4400
    RVK:
    MG 15010
    Keywords: Staat ; Politisches Handeln ; Finanzkrise ; Soziale Steuerung ; Governance ; Politische Soziologie ; Sociology ; Political science ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Deutschland
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91727-6
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91727-6
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Theatralisierung der Gesellschaft : Band 1: Soziologische Theorie und Zeitdiagnose (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531914428 , 3531914421
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (IX, 627 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Theatralisierung der Gesellschaft
    DDC: 306.42
    Keywords: Knowledge, Sociology of ; Sociology ; Political science ; Mass media ; Sociology of Knowledge and Discourse ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Media Sociology
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91442-8
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91442-8
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fantasy and Political Violence : The Meaning of Anticommunism in Chile (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531917375 , 3531917374
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (133 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Palacios, Margarita Fantasy and Political Violence
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MI 85070
    Keywords: Militärdiktatur ; Antikommunismus ; Gewalt ; Politik ; Psychodynamik ; Sociology ; Political science ; Ethnology ; Culture ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Regional Cultural Studies ; Chile
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91737-5
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91737-5
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Familie im Umbruch : Quantitative und qualitative Befunde zur Wahl von Familienmodellen (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531913629 , 353191362X
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XII, 212 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Träger, Jutta Familie im Umbruch
    DDC: 305.2
    RVK:
    MS 1990
    Keywords: Familie ; Lebensform ; Sozialer Wandel ; Berufstätigkeit ; Familienpolitik ; Sociology ; Social groups ; Political science ; Sociology of Family, Youth and Aging ; Political Science ; Sociology ; Deutschland
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91362-9
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91362-9
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Familienpolitik als Determinante weiblicher Lebensverläufe? : Die Auswirkungen des Erziehungsurlaubs auf Familien- und Erwerbsbiograpien in Deutschland (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531917351 , 3531917358
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (355 Seiten) , 83 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ziefle, Andrea Familienpolitik als Determinante weiblicher Lebensverläufe?
    DDC: 305.3
    RVK:
    MS 1900
    RVK:
    MS 2050
    RVK:
    MS 3050
    Keywords: Frau ; Berufsrückkehr ; Elternzeit ; Familiengründung ; Mutter ; Berufstätigkeit ; Karriere ; Verlauf ; Einkommensunterschied ; Familienpolitik ; Maßnahme ; Sex ; Sociology ; Political science ; Gender Studies ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Deutschland
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91735-1
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91735-1
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Gesellschafts-Transformation im 21. Jahrhundert : Ein neues Konzept sozialen Wandels (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531918594 , 3531918591
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (211 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Reißig, Rolf Gesellschafts-Transformation im 21. Jahrhundert
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MS 1170
    Keywords: Sozialer Wandel ; Paradigma ; Gesellschaft ; Transformation ; Konzeption ; Bürgerliche Gesellschaft ; Sociology ; Social structure ; Equality ; Political science ; Sociology ; Social Structure ; Political Theory ; Westliche Welt
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91859-4
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91859-4
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Die Qualität qualitativer Daten : Manual für die Durchführung qualitativer Interviews (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531918587 , 3531918583
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (214 Seiten)
    Edition: 3rd ed. 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Helfferich, Cornelia Die Qualität qualitativer Daten
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MR 2400
    Keywords: Qualitatives Interview ; Sociology ; Political science ; Social sciences ; Education ; Psychology—Methodology ; Communication ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Society ; Education ; Psychological Methods ; Media and Communication
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91858-7
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91858-7
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Islamfeindlichkeit : Wenn die Grenzen der Kritik verschwimmen (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531916927 , 3531916920
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (485 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Islamfeindlichkeit
    DDC: 306.42
    RVK:
    BE 8608
    RVK:
    MS 6575
    Keywords: Gesellschaft ; Islamfeindlichkeit ; Knowledge, Sociology of ; Sociology ; Political science ; Mass media ; Sociology of Knowledge and Discourse ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Media Sociology ; Deutschland ; Aufsatzsammlung
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91692-7
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91692-7
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Daseinsvorsorge : Eine gesellschaftswissenschaftliche Annäherung (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531918761 , 3531918761
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (222 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2009
    Series Statement: Demografischer Wandel - Hintergründe und Herausforderungen
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Daseinsvorsorge
    DDC: 305.2
    RVK:
    MS 1630
    RVK:
    MS 4200
    Keywords: Ländlicher Raum ; Vorsorge ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Sociology ; Social groups ; Political science ; Sociology of Family, Youth and Aging ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Deutschland ; Aufsatzsammlung
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91876-1
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91876-1
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fragebogen : Ein Arbeitsbuch (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531918402 , 3531918400
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (195 Seiten)
    Edition: 2nd ed. 2009
    Series Statement: Studienskripten zur Soziologie
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Porst, Rolf Fragebogen
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MR 2500
    Keywords: Empirische Sozialforschung ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Entwicklung ; Fragebogen ; Datenerhebung ; Methode ; Sociology ; Political science ; Social sciences ; Communication ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Society ; Media and Communication ; Lehrbuch
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91840-2
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91840-2
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Kriminalität im Alltag : Eine handlungstheoretische Analyse von Gelegenheiten (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531914350 , 3531914359
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VIII, 220 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Eifler, Stefanie Kriminalität im Alltag
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MR 6600
    RVK:
    MS 6380
    Keywords: Alltag ; Kriminalsoziologie ; Kriminalität ; Spontaneität ; Rechtfertigung ; Handlungstheorie ; Situationsanalyse ; Sociology ; Political science ; Sociology ; Political Science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91435-0
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91435-0
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Governance der Quartiersentwicklung : Theoretische und praktische Zugänge zu neuen Steuerungsformen (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531928753 , 3531928759
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (272 Seiten) , 25 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2009
    Series Statement: Quartiersforschung
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Governance der Quartiersentwicklung
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MS 1840
    Keywords: Stadtviertel ; Stadtentwicklung ; Governance ; Sociology ; Sociology, Urban ; Political science ; Sociology ; Urban Sociology ; Political Science ; Aufsatzsammlung
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-92875-3
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-92875-3
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Zuwanderung im Zeichen der Globalisierung : Migrations-, Integrations- und Minderheitenpolitik (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531915135 , 3531915134
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (304 Seiten)
    Edition: 4th ed. 2009
    Series Statement: Interkulturelle Studien
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Zuwanderung im Zeichen der Globalisierung
    DDC: 305.2
    RVK:
    MG 10968
    RVK:
    MS 1560
    RVK:
    MS 3600
    RVK:
    RB 10594
    Keywords: Globalisierung ; Einwanderungspolitik ; Sociology ; Social groups ; Emigration and immigration ; Political science ; Sociology of Family, Youth and Aging ; Human Migration ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Aufsatzsammlung
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91513-5
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91513-5
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Demokratische Gemeinschaft trotz ethnischer Differenz : Theorien, Institutionen und soziale Dynamiken (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531915784 , 3531915789
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (320 Seiten) , 7 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Schlenker-Fischer, Andrea Demokratische Gemeinschaft trotz ethnischer Differenz
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MS 1000
    Keywords: Demokratie ; Gemeinschaft ; Politische Stabilität ; Ethnische Gruppe ; Soziales Kapital ; Gruppenidentität ; Sociology ; Political science ; Sociology ; Political Theory
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91578-4
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91578-4
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Geschlecht und Macht : Analysen zum Spannungsfeld von Arbeit, Bildung und Familie (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531913957 , 3531913956
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VI, 234 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Geschlecht und Macht
    DDC: 305.3
    RVK:
    MS 3000
    RVK:
    MS 3150
    RVK:
    MS 4450
    Keywords: Geschlechterverhältnis ; Macht ; Karriere ; Geschlechtsunterschied ; Chancengleichheit ; Bildung ; Sex ; Political science ; Gender Studies ; Political Science ; Aufsatzsammlung
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91395-7
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91395-7
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Krankenversicherung oder Gesundheitsversorgung? : Gesundheitssysteme im Vergleich (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531919676 , 3531919679
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (344 Seiten) , 59 Abb.
    Edition: 2nd ed. 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Wendt, Claus Krankenversicherung oder Gesundheitsversorgung?
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MG 11920
    RVK:
    MS 6200
    RVK:
    QX 700
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Sociology ; Political science ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Deutschland ; Österreich ; Großbritannien ; Dänemark
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91967-6
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91967-6
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Theatralisierung der Gesellschaft : Band 2: Medientheatralität und Medientheatralisierung (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531915869 , 353191586X
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (467 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Theatralisierung der Gesellschaft
    DDC: 306.42
    Keywords: Knowledge, Sociology of ; Sociology ; Political science ; Mass media ; Sociology of Knowledge and Discourse ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Media Sociology
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91586-9
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91586-9
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Interpretative Sozialforschung : Eine Einführung in die Praxis des Interpretierens (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531919874 , 3531919873
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (240 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Kleemann, Frank Interpretative Sozialforschung
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    AP 13800
    RVK:
    MR 2000
    Keywords: Interpretative Sozialforschung ; Sociology ; Political science ; Social sciences ; Communication ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Society ; Media and Communication ; Lehrbuch ; Medienkombination
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91987-4
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91987-4
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Delphi-Befragungen : Ein Arbeitsbuch (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531919263 , 3531919261
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (248 Seiten) , 10 Abb.
    Edition: 2nd ed. 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Häder, Michael Delphi-Befragungen
    DDC: 301.01
    RVK:
    MR 2400
    RVK:
    MR 2950
    Keywords: Delphi-Technik ; Sociology Methodology ; Science Philosophy ; Sociology ; Political science ; Social sciences ; Psychology Methodology ; Sociological Methods ; Philosophy of Science ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Society ; Psychological Methods ; Einführung
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91926-3
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91926-3
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sozialforschung im Internet : Methodologie und Praxis der Online-Befragung (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531917917 , 3531917919
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VII, 370 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sozialforschung im Internet
    DDC: 301.01
    RVK:
    MR 2400
    Keywords: Online-Befragung ; Methodologie ; Sociology Methodology ; Communication ; Political science ; Sociology ; Social sciences ; Sociological Methods ; Media and Communication ; Political Science ; Sociology ; Society ; Fallstudiensammlung
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91791-7
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91791-7
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Schlüsselwerke der Cultural Studies (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531918396 , 3531918397
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (340 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2009
    Series Statement: Medien • Kultur • Kommunikation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Schlüsselwerke der Cultural Studies
    DDC: 306.42
    RVK:
    MR 7100
    Keywords: Kulturwissenschaften ; Werk ; Kommunikationswissenschaft ; Medienwissenschaft ; Knowledge, Sociology of ; Political science ; Sociology ; Social sciences ; Communication ; Sociology of Knowledge and Discourse ; Political Science ; Sociology ; Society ; Media and Communication ; Einführung
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91839-6
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91839-6
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sozialstrukturanalyse : Eine kompakte Einführung (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531917092 , 3531917099
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (403 Seiten) , 18 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2009
    Series Statement: Studientexte zur Soziologie
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rössel, Jörg Sozialstrukturanalyse
    DDC: 305.5
    RVK:
    MQ 1400
    RVK:
    MS 1300
    Keywords: Sozialstruktur ; Forschung ; Social structure ; Equality ; Political science ; Sociology ; Social Structure ; Political Science ; Sociology ; Einführung
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91709-2
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91709-2
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
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  • 24
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    Internet und Migration : Theoretische Zugänge und empirische Befunde (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531919027 , 3531919024
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (342 Seiten) , 22 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2009
    Series Statement: Medien • Kultur • Kommunikation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Internet und Migration
    DDC: 302.2
    RVK:
    AP 18420
    RVK:
    MS 3600
    RVK:
    MS 7965
    Keywords: Internet ; Nutzung ; Einwanderer ; Communication ; Political science ; Sociology ; Media and Communication ; Political Science ; Sociology ; Aufsatzsammlung
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91902-7
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91902-7
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  • 25
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    Reichtum und Vermögen : Zur gesellschaftlichen Bedeutung der Reichtums- und Vermögensforschung (2009)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531917528 , 3531917528
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (298 Seiten) , 21 Illustrationen
    Edition: 1st edition 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Reichtum und Vermögen
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MS 1300
    RVK:
    MS 1360
    Keywords: Reichtum ; Vermögen ; Sociology ; Social structure ; Equality ; Political science ; Sociology ; Social Structure ; Political Science ; Deutschland ; Konferenzschrift 2007
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91752-8
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91752-8
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 26
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    Von der sozialen zur Generationengerechtigkeit? : Polarisierte Lebenslagen und ihre Deutung in Wissenschaft, Politik und Medien (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531907710 , 3531907719
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (IX, 299 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Klundt, Michael Von der sozialen zur Generationengerechtigkeit?
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MS 6440
    Keywords: Kind ; Armut ; Debatte ; Generationengerechtigkeit ; Deutungsmuster ; Familienpolitik ; Sociology ; Political science ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Deutschland
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-90771-0
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90771-0
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 27
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    Forschen unter Bedingungen kultureller Fremdheit (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531909202 , 3531909207
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VI, 346 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Forschen unter Bedingungen kultureller Fremdheit
    DDC: 306.42
    RVK:
    MR 2000
    Keywords: Fremdkultur ; Empirische Sozialforschung ; Deutungsmuster ; Qualitative Methode ; Knowledge, Sociology of ; Political science ; Sociology ; Sociology of Knowledge and Discourse ; Political Science ; Sociology ; Aufsatzsammlung
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-90920-2
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90920-2
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 28
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    Tausch in Verhandlungen : Ein dynamisches Modell von Tauschprozessen (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531911458 , 3531911457
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XVII, 271 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Series Statement: Forschung und Entwicklung in der Analytischen Soziologie
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Arndt, Frank Tausch in Verhandlungen
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MD 7200
    RVK:
    MR 5800
    Keywords: Regierungskonferenz zur Revision der Verträge ; Verhandlung ; Ergebnis ; Simulation ; Austausch ; Politik ; Dynamische Modellierung ; Entscheidungsprozess ; Austauschtheorie ; Verhandlungstheorie ; Sociology ; Economic sociology ; Political science ; Sociology ; Economic Sociology ; Political Theory
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91145-8
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91145-8
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 29
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    Die Akzeptanz des Wohlfahrtsstaates : Präferenzen, Konflikte, Deutungsmuster (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531908731 , 3531908731
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (X, 266 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ullrich, Carsten Die Akzeptanz des Wohlfahrtsstaates
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MS 4420
    RVK:
    QX 000
    Keywords: Wohlfahrtsstaat ; Soziale Sicherheit ; Akzeptanz ; Umfrage ; Sociology ; Social structure ; Equality ; Political science ; Sociology ; Social Structure ; Political Science ; Deutschland
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-90873-1
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90873-1
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 30
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    Veränderungen in Organisationen : Stand und Perspektiven (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531911663 , 353191166X
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VI, 438 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Veränderungen in Organisationen
    DDC: 306.3
    RVK:
    QP 340
    RVK:
    MS 5750
    RVK:
    PN 219
    Keywords: Unternehmen ; Organisationswandel ; Interdisziplinäre Forschung ; Verwaltungsreform ; Organisationsgestaltung ; Economic sociology ; Political science ; Psychology, Industrial ; Economic Sociology ; Political Science ; Work and Organizational Psychology ; Aufsatzsammlung
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91166-3
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91166-3
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 31
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    Die Integration qualitativer und quantitativer Methoden in der empirischen Sozialforschung : Theoretische Grundlagen und methodologische Konzepte (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531911748 , 3531911740
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (331 Seiten)
    Edition: 2nd ed. 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Kelle, Udo Die Integration qualitativer und quantitativer Methoden in der empirischen Sozialforschung
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MR 2000
    Keywords: Empirische Sozialforschung ; Qualitative Methode ; Quantitative Methode ; Sociology ; Political science ; Social sciences ; Psychology—Methodology ; Communication ; Sociology—Methodology ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Society ; Psychological Methods ; Media and Communication ; Sociological Methods
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91174-8
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91174-8
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  • 32
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    Variationen über die vielen Frieden : Band 1: Deutungen (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531918006 , 3531918001
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VI, 430 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Series Statement: Schriften des UNESCO Chair for Peace Studies der Universität Innsbruck
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dietrich, Wolfgang Variationen über die vielen Frieden
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Sociology ; Political science ; Sociology ; Political Theory
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91800-6
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91800-6
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  • 33
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    Mehrheit am Rand? : Geschlechterverhältnisse, globale Ungleichheit und transnationale Handlungsansätze (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531910970 , 3531910973
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VI, 262 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Series Statement: Politik und Geschlecht
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mehrheit am Rand?
    DDC: 305.3
    RVK:
    MS 1280
    RVK:
    MS 1300
    RVK:
    MS 2850
    RVK:
    MS 3100
    RVK:
    MS 6440
    Keywords: Frauenforschung ; Geschlechterrolle ; Soziale Ungleichheit ; Geschlechtsunterschied ; Globalisierung ; Frauenarbeit ; Migration ; Politische Beteiligung ; Feminismus ; Sex ; Political science ; Comparative government ; Gender Studies ; Political Science ; Comparative Politics ; Aufsatzsammlung
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91097-0
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91097-0
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 34
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    Migrations- und Integrationsforschung in der Diskussion : Biografie, Sprache und Bildung als zentrale Bezugspunkte (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531911014 , 3531911015
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (327 Seiten) , 3 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Migrations- und Integrationsforschung in der Diskussion
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MS 3600
    Keywords: Migrationspolitik ; Soziale Integration ; Konzeption ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Einwanderer ; Biografieforschung ; Sprachkompetenz ; Berufsbildung ; Sociology ; Political science ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Aufsatzsammlung
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91101-4
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91101-4
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 35
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    Die Privatisierung der Deutschen Bahn : Über die Implementierung marktorientierter Verkehrspolitik (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531909677 , 3531909673
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (X, 332 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Engartner, Tim Die Privatisierung der Deutschen Bahn
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MF 9900
    RVK:
    QR 420
    RVK:
    QR 820
    Keywords: Deutsche Bahn AG ; Strukturreform ; Privatisierung ; Sociology ; Political science ; Sociology ; Political Science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-90967-7
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90967-7
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 36
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    Kultur - Handlung - Demokratie : Dreiklang des Humanen (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531910659 , 3531910655
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (IX, 237 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Kultur - Handlung - Demokratie
    DDC: 306.42
    RVK:
    MR 7100
    Keywords: Eckensberger, Lutz H. ; Handlungstheorie ; Kulturpsychologie ; Knowledge, Sociology of ; Sociology ; Political science ; Psychology ; Sociology of Knowledge and Discourse ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Behavioral Sciences and Psychology ; Aufsatzsammlung
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91065-9
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91065-9
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 37
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    Wissenschaft unter Beobachtung : Effekte und Defekte von Evaluationen (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531908632 , 3531908634
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (357 Seiten) , 9 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Series Statement: Leviathan Sonderhefte
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Wissenschaft unter Beobachtung
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    AK 30300
    RVK:
    MR 2900
    RVK:
    MS 6950
    RVK:
    QX 840
    Keywords: Wissenschaft ; Wissenschaftspolitik ; Qualitätssicherung ; Evaluation ; Sociology ; Political science ; Communication ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Media and Communication ; Aufsatzsammlung
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-90863-2
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90863-2
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  • 38
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    Einführung in das Werk Max Webers (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531911038 , 3531911031
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VI, 185 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Series Statement: Studienskripten zur Soziologie
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Bayer, Michael Einführung in das Werk Max Webers
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    CI 4917
    RVK:
    MQ 3912
    Keywords: Weber, Max ; Soziologie ; Sociology ; Political science ; Social sciences ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Society ; Einführung
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91103-8
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91103-8
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  • 39
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    Die Dynamik von Privatheit und Öffentlichkeit in modernen Gesellschaften (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531919690 , 3531919695
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ritter, Martina Die Dynamik von Privatheit und Öffentlichkeit in modernen Gesellschaften
    DDC: 305.3
    RVK:
    MS 1280
    RVK:
    AP 14050
    RVK:
    AP 14000
    RVK:
    AP 13800
    Keywords: Demokratie ; Soziale Integration ; Öffentlichkeit ; Privatheit ; Subjektivität ; Sex ; Political science ; Gender Studies ; Political Science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91969-0
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91969-0
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  • 40
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    Quellen Bürgerschaftlichen Engagements : Die biographische Entwicklung von Wir-Sinn und fokussierten Motiven (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531907871 , 3531907875
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (244 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Corsten, Michael Quellen Bürgerschaftlichen Engagements
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MD 6500
    RVK:
    MS 4410
    Keywords: Ehrenamtliche Tätigkeit ; Motivation ; Selbstbild ; Sociology ; Political science ; Sociology ; Political Science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-90787-1
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90787-1
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 41
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    Antwortreaktionszeiten in Survey-Analysen : Messung, Auswertung und Anwendungen (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531911472 , 3531911473
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VI, 130 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mayerl, Jochen Antwortreaktionszeiten in Survey-Analysen
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MR 2400
    Keywords: Umfrage ; Computerunterstütztes Verfahren ; Antwortverhalten ; Reaktionszeit ; Messung ; Sociology ; Political science ; Social sciences ; Psychology—Methodology ; Communication ; Sociology—Methodology ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Society ; Psychological Methods ; Media and Communication ; Sociological Methods
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91147-2
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91147-2
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 42
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    Das Weltsystem des Erdöls : Entstehungszusammenhang - Funktionsweise - Wandlungstendenzen (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531912172 , 3531912178
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VI, 310 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Series Statement: Neue Bibliothek der Sozialwissenschaften
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Zündorf, Lutz Das Weltsystem des Erdöls
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MF 9150
    RVK:
    QR 534
    Keywords: OPEC ; Weltsystem ; Kapitalismus ; Erdöl ; Weltwirtschaft ; Erdölweltmarkt ; Erdölpreis ; Sociology ; Economic sociology ; Political science ; Sociology ; Economic Sociology ; Political Science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91217-2
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91217-2
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 43
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    Mittelpunkt Mensch : Leitbilder, Modelle und Ideen für die Vereinbarkeit von Arbeit und Leben (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531910628 , 3531910620
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VI, 253 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mittelpunkt Mensch
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MS 5200
    Keywords: Arbeitszeit ; Freizeit ; Familie ; Berufstätigkeit ; Arbeit ; Lebensqualität ; Leitbild ; Sociology ; Economic sociology ; Political science ; Sociology ; Economic Sociology ; Political Science ; Aufsatzsammlung
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91062-8
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91062-8
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 44
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    Islamischer Fundamentalismus vor den Toren Europas : Marokko zwischen Rückfall ins Mittelalter und westlicher Modernität (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531910215 , 3531910213
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (IX, 338 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Khallouk, Mohammed Islamischer Fundamentalismus vor den Toren Europas
    DDC: 306.42
    RVK:
    MI 17086
    Keywords: Politisches System ; Islam ; Fundamentalismus ; Knowledge, Sociology of ; Political science ; International relations ; Sociology ; Sociology of Knowledge and Discourse ; Political Science ; International Relations ; Sociology ; Marokko
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91021-5
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91021-5
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  • 45
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    Datenanalyse mit SPSS für Fortgeschrittene : Ein Arbeitsbuch (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531910345 , 3531910345
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (386 Seiten) , 25 Abb.
    Edition: 2nd ed. 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Datenanalyse mit SPSS für Fortgeschrittene
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MR 2200
    RVK:
    SK 840
    RVK:
    ST 601
    Keywords: SPSS ; Datenanalyse ; Sociology ; Political science ; Social sciences ; Education ; Psychology—Methodology ; Communication ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Society ; Education ; Psychological Methods ; Media and Communication ; Lehrbuch
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91034-5
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91034-5
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 46
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    Der Islam als Diskursfeld : Bilder des Islams in Deutschland (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531910895 , 3531910892
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VI, 142 Seiten)
    Edition: 2nd ed. 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Halm, Dirk Der Islam als Diskursfeld
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MG 15968
    RVK:
    MS 3550
    Keywords: Geschichte 2001-2008 ; Muslim ; Integration ; Islambild ; Diskurs ; Sociology ; Political science ; Emigration and immigration ; Culture ; Knowledge, Sociology of ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Human Migration ; Sociology of Culture ; Sociology of Knowledge and Discourse ; Deutschland
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91089-5
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91089-5
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90985-1
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
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  • 47
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    Exklusion in der Marktgesellschaft (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531908625 , 3531908626
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VI, 322 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Exklusion in der Marktgesellschaft
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MR 5200
    Keywords: Abweichendes Verhalten ; Stigmatisierung ; Krimineller ; Ausgrenzung ; Marktwirtschaft ; Neoliberalismus ; Sociology ; Social structure ; Equality ; Political science ; Sociology ; Social Structure ; Political Science ; Konferenzschrift 2006
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-90862-5
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90862-5
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
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  • 48
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    Kritik des Neoliberalismus (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531909325 , 3531909320
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (IX, 291 Seiten)
    Edition: 2nd ed. 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Butterwegge, Christoph Kritik des Neoliberalismus
    DDC: 306
    RVK:
    MS 4675
    Keywords: Neoliberalismus ; Culture ; Sociology ; Political science ; Mass media ; Psychology, Industrial ; Sociology of Culture ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Media Sociology ; Work and Organizational Psychology
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-90932-5
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90932-5
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 49
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    Rational Choice: Theoretische Analysen und empirische Resultate (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531908663 , 3531908669
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (344 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rational Choice: Theoretische Analysen und empirische Resultate
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MQ 1600
    RVK:
    MR 5550
    Keywords: Rational Choice ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Sociology ; Political science ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Aufsatzsammlung
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-90866-3
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90866-3
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
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  • 50
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    Die Sozialstruktur Deutschlands : Zur gesellschaftlichen Entwicklung mit einer Bilanz zur Vereinigung. Mit einem Beitrag von Thomas Meyer (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531911953 , 3531911953
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (428 Seiten) , 82 Abb.
    Edition: 5th ed. 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Geißler, Rainer Die Sozialstruktur Deutschlands
    DDC: 305.5
    RVK:
    MS 1204
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Sozialstruktur ; Wiedervereinigung ; Sozialer Wandel ; Social structure ; Equality ; Political science ; Sociology ; Social sciences ; Communication ; Social Structure ; Political Science ; Sociology ; Society ; Media and Communication ; Deutschland ; Deutschland
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91195-3
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91195-3
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 51
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    Kinderarmut in Ost- und Westdeutschland (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531919669 , 3531919660
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (X, 369 Seiten)
    Edition: 2nd ed. 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Butterwegge, Christoph Kinderarmut in Ost- und Westdeutschland
    DDC: 305.2
    RVK:
    DU 3000
    RVK:
    DU 6000
    RVK:
    MS 6350
    RVK:
    MS 6440
    Keywords: Kind ; Armut ; Sociology ; Social groups ; Social structure ; Equality ; Political science ; Early childhood education ; Sociology of Family, Youth and Aging ; Sociology ; Social Structure ; Political Science ; Early Childhood Education ; Deutschland ; Deutschland
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91966-9
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91966-9
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
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  • 52
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    Die Sicherheitsgesellschaft : Soziale Kontrolle im 21. Jahrhundert (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531908649 , 3531908642
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (181 Seiten)
    Edition: 2nd ed. 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Singelnstein, Tobias Die Sicherheitsgesellschaft
    DDC: 306
    RVK:
    MF 9500
    RVK:
    MR 7400
    RVK:
    MS 6800
    RVK:
    QX 000
    Keywords: Wohlfahrtsstaat ; Soziale Kontrolle ; Innere Sicherheit ; Sozioökonomischer Wandel ; Culture ; Sociology ; Political science ; Mass media ; Sociology of Culture ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Media Sociology
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-90864-9
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90864-9
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Ausführliche Beschreibung
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  • 53
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    Fragebogen : Ein Arbeitsbuch (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531908977 , 3531908979
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (195 Seiten) , 39 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Series Statement: Studienskripten zur Soziologie
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Porst, Rolf Fragebogen
    DDC: 301.01
    RVK:
    MR 2400
    RVK:
    MR 2500
    Keywords: Empirische Sozialforschung ; Fragebogen ; Entwicklung ; Sociology Methodology ; Social sciences ; Political science ; Sociology ; Psychology Methodology ; Communication ; Sociological Methods ; Society ; Political Science ; Sociology ; Psychological Methods ; Media and Communication ; Lehrbuch
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-90897-7
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90897-7
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 54
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    Migration und Bürgerbewusstsein : Perspektiven Politischer Bildung in Europa (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531908816 , 3531908812
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VII, 225 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Series Statement: Bürgerbewusstsein, Schriften zur Politischen Kultur und Politischen Bildung
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Migration und Bürgerbewusstsein
    DDC: 305.2
    RVK:
    MS 1560
    RVK:
    MB 2550
    Keywords: Erwachsenenbildung ; Politische Bildung ; Interkulturelles Lernen ; Migration ; Sociology ; Social groups ; Political science ; Emigration and immigration ; Sociology of Family, Youth and Aging ; Political Science ; Human Migration ; Sociology ; Europa ; Aufsatzsammlung
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-90881-6
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90881-6
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 55
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    Netzwerkanalyse und Netzwerktheorie : Ein neues Paradigma in den Sozialwissenschaften (2008)
    Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Details
    ISBN: 9783531911076 , 3531911074
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (596 Seiten) , 63 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2008
    Series Statement: Netzwerkforschung
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Netzwerkanalyse und Netzwerktheorie
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    MR 5900
    Keywords: Netzwerkanalyse ; Soziales Netzwerk ; Theorie ; Sociology ; Political science ; Communication ; Sociology ; Political Theory ; Media and Communication ; Aufsatzsammlung
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-91107-6
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91107-6
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 56
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    Early Development Economics Debates Revisited (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (22 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Alacevich, Michele Early Development Economics Debates Revisited
    Keywords: Banks and Banking Reform ; Classical Economists ; Conflict and Development ; Development Economics ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Disequilibrium ; Economic Development ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economists ; Growth Theory ; Industrial Economy ; Industrialization ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Social Protections and Labor ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Classical Economists ; Conflict and Development ; Development Economics ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Disequilibrium ; Economic Development ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economists ; Growth Theory ; Industrial Economy ; Industrialization ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Social Protections and Labor ; Unemployment ; Wages ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Classical Economists ; Conflict and Development ; Development Economics ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Disequilibrium ; Economic Development ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economists ; Growth Theory ; Industrial Economy ; Industrialization ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Social Protections and Labor ; Unemployment ; Wages
    Abstract: Development economics in its early years created the image of a fierce fight between advocates of contrasting theories or approaches- "balanced growth" vs. "unbalanced growth" or "program loans" vs. "project loans." This view has the merit to highlight such conflicts in great detail; yet it fails to take into account the reality of development economics as it was practiced in the field. This paper reassesses these old conflicts by complementing the traditional focus on theoretical debates with an emphasis on the practice of development economics.A particularly interesting example is the debate between Albert Hirschman, one of the fathers of the "unbalanced growth" approach, and Lauchlin Currie, among the advocates of "balanced growth" on how to foster iron production in Colombia in the 1950s. An analysis of the positions held by these two economists shows that they were in fact much less antithetical than is usually held and, indeed, were in some fundamental aspects surprisingly similar. Debates among development economists during the 1950s thus must be explained-at least partially-as the natural dynamics of an emerging discipline that took shape when different groups tried to achieve supremacy-or at least legitimacy-through the creation of mutually delegitimizing systemic theories
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  • 57
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    Developing Countries And Enforcement of Trade Agreements : Why Dispute Settlement Is Not Enough (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (33 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Bown, Chad P Developing Countries And Enforcement of Trade Agreements
    Keywords: Dumping ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economics Literature ; Emerging Markets ; Externality ; Free Trade ; Generalized System Of Preferences ; International Economics & Trade ; International Trade ; LDCS ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Trade Law ; Trade Liberalization ; Transparency ; WTO ; World Trade Organization ; World Trade Organization ; Dumping ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economics Literature ; Emerging Markets ; Externality ; Free Trade ; Generalized System Of Preferences ; International Economics & Trade ; International Trade ; LDCS ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Trade Law ; Trade Liberalization ; Transparency ; WTO ; World Trade Organization ; World Trade Organization ; Dumping ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economics Literature ; Emerging Markets ; Externality ; Free Trade ; Generalized System Of Preferences ; International Economics & Trade ; International Trade ; LDCS ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Trade Law ; Trade Liberalization ; Transparency ; WTO ; World Trade Organization ; World Trade Organization
    Abstract: Poor countries are rarely challenged in formal World Trade Organization trade disputes for failing to live up to commitments, reducing the benefits of their participation in international trade agreements. This paper examines the political-economic causes of the failure to challenge poor countries, and discusses the static and dynamic costs and externality implications of this failure. Given the weak incentives to enforce World Trade Organization rules and disciplines against small and poor members, bolstering the transparency function of the World Trade Organization is important for making trade agreements more relevant to trade constituencies in developing countries. Although the paper focuses on the World Trade Organization system, the arguments also apply to reciprocal North-South trade agreements
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  • 58
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    Finance, Financial Sector Policies, And Long-Run Growth (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (82 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Demirguc-Kunt, Asli Finance, Financial Sector Policies, And Long-Run Growth
    Keywords: Access to Finance ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Debt Markets ; Economic Development ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Development ; Financial Instruments ; Financial Markets ; Financial System ; Financial Systems ; International Bank ; Investment Decisions ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Transaction ; Transaction Costs ; Access to Finance ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Debt Markets ; Economic Development ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Development ; Financial Instruments ; Financial Markets ; Financial System ; Financial Systems ; International Bank ; Investment Decisions ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Transaction ; Transaction Costs ; Access to Finance ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Debt Markets ; Economic Development ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Development ; Financial Instruments ; Financial Markets ; Financial System ; Financial Systems ; International Bank ; Investment Decisions ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Transaction ; Transaction Costs
    Abstract: The first part of this paper reviews the literature on the relation between finance and growth. The second part of the paper reviews the literature on the historical and policy determinants of financial development. Governments play a central role in shaping the operation of financial systems and the degree to which large segments of the financial system have access to financial services. The paper discusses the relationship between financial sector policies and economic development
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  • 59
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    Distortions To Agricultural Incentives In Australia Since World War II (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (54 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Anderson, Kym Distortions To Agricultural Incentives In Australia Since World War II
    RVK:
    QB 910
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; GdP ; GdP Per Capita ; Growth Rate ; Income ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Multilateral Trade ; Per Capita Income ; Private Sector Development ; Rural Development Knowledge and Information Systems ; Social Protections and Labor ; Total Factor Productivity ; Trade Negotiations ; Trade Policy ; Agriculture ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; GdP ; GdP Per Capita ; Growth Rate ; Income ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Multilateral Trade ; Per Capita Income ; Private Sector Development ; Rural Development Knowledge and Information Systems ; Social Protections and Labor ; Total Factor Productivity ; Trade Negotiations ; Trade Policy ; Agriculture ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; GdP ; GdP Per Capita ; Growth Rate ; Income ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Multilateral Trade ; Per Capita Income ; Private Sector Development ; Rural Development Knowledge and Information Systems ; Social Protections and Labor ; Total Factor Productivity ; Trade Negotiations ; Trade Policy
    Abstract: Australia's lackluster economic growth performance in the first four decades following World War II was in part due to an anti-trade, anti-primary sector bias in government assistance policies. This paper provides new annual estimates of the extent of those biases since 1946 and their gradual phase-out during the past two decades. In doing so it reveals that the timing of the sector assistance cuts was such as sometimes to improve but sometimes to worsen the distortions to incentives faced by farmers. The changes increased the variation of assistance rates within agriculture during the 1950s and 1960s, reducing the welfare contribution of those programs in that period. Although the assistance pattern within agriculture appears not to have been strongly biased against exporters, its reform has coincided with a substantial increase in the export orientation of many farm industries. The overall pattern for Australia is contrasted with that revealed by comparable new estimates for other high-income countries
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  • 60
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    Joseph E. Stiglitz (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (27 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Hoff, Karla Joseph E. Stiglitz
    Keywords: Adverse Selection ; Debt Markets ; Development Economics ; Economic Theory ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economics ; Efficient Outcomes ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Intermediation ; Imperfect Information ; Incentive Problems ; Innovation ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Market Economy ; Markets and Market Access ; Perfect Information ; Social Protections and Labor ; Adverse Selection ; Debt Markets ; Development Economics ; Economic Theory ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economics ; Efficient Outcomes ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Intermediation ; Imperfect Information ; Incentive Problems ; Innovation ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Market Economy ; Markets and Market Access ; Perfect Information ; Social Protections and Labor ; Adverse Selection ; Debt Markets ; Development Economics ; Economic Theory ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economics ; Efficient Outcomes ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Intermediation ; Imperfect Information ; Incentive Problems ; Innovation ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Market Economy ; Markets and Market Access ; Perfect Information ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: Joseph E. Stiglitz, 2001 Nobel Laureate in Economics, helped create the theory of markets with asymmetric information and was one of the founders of modern development economics. He played a leading role in an intellectual revolution that changed the characterization of a market economy. In the new paradigm, the price system only imperfectly solves the information problem of scarcity because of the many other information problems that arise in the economy: the selection over hidden characteristics, the provision of incentives for hidden behaviors and for innovation, and the coordination of choices over institutions
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  • 61
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    Agro-Manufactured Export Prices, Wages And Unemployment (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (46 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Porto, Guido Agro-Manufactured Export Prices, Wages And Unemployment
    Keywords: Adjustment costs ; Economic Theory and Research ; Employment probability ; Expected wages ; High unemployment ; High unemployment rates ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Labor demand ; Labor market ; Labor supply ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Social Protections and Labor ; Unemployment ; Unemployment rate ; Adjustment costs ; Economic Theory and Research ; Employment probability ; Expected wages ; High unemployment ; High unemployment rates ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Labor demand ; Labor market ; Labor supply ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Social Protections and Labor ; Unemployment ; Unemployment rate ; Adjustment costs ; Economic Theory and Research ; Employment probability ; Expected wages ; High unemployment ; High unemployment rates ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Labor demand ; Labor market ; Labor supply ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Social Protections and Labor ; Unemployment ; Unemployment rate
    Abstract: This paper estimates the impacts of world agricultural trade liberalization on wages, employment and unemployment in Argentina, a country with positive net agricultural exports and high unemployment rates. In the estimation of these wage and unemployment responses, the empirical model allows for individual labor supply responses and for adjustment costs in labor demand. The findings show that a 10 percent increase in the price of agricultural exports would cause an increase in the Argentine employment probability of 1.36 percentage points, matched by a decline in the unemployment probability of 0.75 percentage points and an increase in labor market participation of 0.61 percentage points. Further, the unemployment rate would decline by 1.23 percentage points (by almost 10 percent). Expected wages would increase by 10.3 percent, an effect that is mostly driven by higher employment probabilities. This indicates that the bulk of the impacts of trade reforms originates in household responses in the presence of adjustment costs, and that failure to account for them may lead to significant biases in the welfare evaluation of trade policy
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  • 62
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    Competition And Demographics (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (33 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Amin, Mohammad Competition And Demographics
    Keywords: Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Emerging Markets ; Knowledge for Development ; Labor Policies ; Labor market ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Market competition ; Markets and Market Access ; Price setting ; Private Sector Development ; Product markets ; Retail ; Retail stores ; Retailing ; Social Protections and Labor ; Spread ; Suppliers ; Tying ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Emerging Markets ; Knowledge for Development ; Labor Policies ; Labor market ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Market competition ; Markets and Market Access ; Price setting ; Private Sector Development ; Product markets ; Retail ; Retail stores ; Retailing ; Social Protections and Labor ; Spread ; Suppliers ; Tying ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Emerging Markets ; Knowledge for Development ; Labor Policies ; Labor market ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Market competition ; Markets and Market Access ; Price setting ; Private Sector Development ; Product markets ; Retail ; Retail stores ; Retailing ; Social Protections and Labor ; Spread ; Suppliers ; Tying
    Abstract: Mainstream economics views demographic changes in the structure of households as of little relevance for the behavior of firms or the functioning of markets. The present paper dispels this view by arguing that changes in the number of non-workers could affect the intensity with which consumers search for best prices and therefore the level of competition. The author also analyzes the relationship between income and competition, which some studies suggest is negative. The author argues that the negative relationship is most likely due to the demographic factors discussed
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  • 63
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    How Does Vietnam's Accession To The World Trade Organization Change The Spatial Incidence of Poverty? (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (35 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Fujii, Tomoki How Does Vietnam's Accession To The World Trade Organization Change The Spatial Incidence of Poverty?
    Keywords: Economic Theory and Research ; Incidence of Poverty ; Income ; Income distribution ; Inequality ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poor ; Poor areas ; Poor households ; Poor people ; Poverty Monitoring and Analysis ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty reduction ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Targeting ; Economic Theory and Research ; Incidence of Poverty ; Income ; Income distribution ; Inequality ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poor ; Poor areas ; Poor households ; Poor people ; Poverty Monitoring and Analysis ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty reduction ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Targeting ; Economic Theory and Research ; Incidence of Poverty ; Income ; Income distribution ; Inequality ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poor ; Poor areas ; Poor households ; Poor people ; Poverty Monitoring and Analysis ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty reduction ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Targeting
    Abstract: Trade policies can promote aggregate efficiency, but the ensuing structural adjustments generally create both winners and losers. From an incomes perspective, trade liberalization can raise gross domestic product per capita, but rates of emergence from poverty depend on individual household characteristics of economic participation and asset holding. To fully realize the growth potential of trade, while limiting the risk of rising inequality, policies need to better account for microeconomic heterogeneity. One approach to this is geographic targeting that shifts resources to poor areas. This study combines an integrated microsimulation-computable general equilibrium model with small area estimation to evaluate the spatial incidence of Vietnam's accession to the World Trade Organization. Provincial-level poverty reduction after full liberalization was heterogeneous, ranging from 2.2 percent to 14.3 percent. Full liberalization will benefit the poor on a national basis, but the northwestern area of Vietnam is likely to lag behind. Furthermore, poverty can be shown to increase under comparable scenarios
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  • 64
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    Achieving Accelerated And Shared Growth In Ghana : A MAMS-Based Analysis of Costs And Opportunities (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (26 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Bogetic, Zeljko Achieving Accelerated And Shared Growth In Ghana
    Keywords: Development Economics ; Development Goals ; Economic Theory and Research ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human capital ; Human development ; Macroeconomic stability ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Policy ReseaRch ; Policy packages ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty Reduction ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Public Sector Economics and Finance ; Public Sector Expenditure Analysis and Management ; Rapid growth ; Unskilled labor ; Development Economics ; Development Goals ; Economic Theory and Research ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human capital ; Human development ; Macroeconomic stability ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Policy ReseaRch ; Policy packages ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty Reduction ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Public Sector Economics and Finance ; Public Sector Expenditure Analysis and Management ; Rapid growth ; Unskilled labor ; Development Economics ; Development Goals ; Economic Theory and Research ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human capital ; Human development ; Macroeconomic stability ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Policy ReseaRch ; Policy packages ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty Reduction ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Public Sector Economics and Finance ; Public Sector Expenditure Analysis and Management ; Rapid growth ; Unskilled labor
    Abstract: This paper relies on the recently developed Maquette for Millennium Development Goals Simulations (MAMS) model to assess the consistency of alternative scaling-up and policy packages for growth and achievement of the Millennium Development Goals in Ghana. In the baseline scenario, Ghana's strong near and medium-term growth outlook puts it in a good position to achieve the poverty Millennium Development Goal ahead of schedule, but other goals are likely to remain elusive before 2015. In the accelerated growth scenario-which addresses the major gaps in water and sanitation and other infrastructure-even more rapid growth and poverty reduction are possible, but important targets in the areas of education, health, and environment remain unattainable. Although growth is complementary to achievement of the Millennium Development Goals, the authors also find important growth-human development trade-offs in the near term. The estimates show that the resource requirements for achieving the key Millennium Development Goals by 2015 are large, reaching US
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  • 65
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    An Empirical Analysis of Mexican Merger Policy (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (30 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Avalos, Marcos An Empirical Analysis of Mexican Merger Policy
    Keywords: Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress ; Competition law ; Competition policy ; Competitors ; Economic Theory and Research ; Employment ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Firms ; Foreign company ; Labor Policies ; Lawyers ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Merger ; Merger control ; Mergers ; Microfinance ; Social Protections and Labor ; Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress ; Competition law ; Competition policy ; Competitors ; Economic Theory and Research ; Employment ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Firms ; Foreign company ; Labor Policies ; Lawyers ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Merger ; Merger control ; Mergers ; Microfinance ; Social Protections and Labor ; Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress ; Competition law ; Competition policy ; Competitors ; Economic Theory and Research ; Employment ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Firms ; Foreign company ; Labor Policies ; Lawyers ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Merger ; Merger control ; Mergers ; Microfinance ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: A newly created dataset including 239 decisions made by the Mexican Federal Competition Commission on horizontal mergers between 1997 and 2001 is used to estimate the different factors affecting the Commission's resolution. The paper approximates the decision making process using two different discrete choice models. The results indicate that, contrary to the Commission's objective, the presence of efficiency gains increases the probability of a case being issued. The findings also show that factors different from the ones explicitly mentioned by the Commission have a significant effect on the Commission's final decision. In particular, the presence of a foreign company among the would-be merger firms significantly increases the likelihood of observing an allowed merger
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 66
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    Responding To Afghanistan's Opium Economy Challenge : Lessons And Policy Implications From A Development Perspective (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (32 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Byrd, William A Responding To Afghanistan's Opium Economy Challenge
    Keywords: Agricultural products ; Agriculture ; Alcohol and Substance Abuse ; Crops and Crop Management Systems ; Economic Theory and Research ; Farm-gate ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Opium ; Opium Economy ; Opium poppy ; Opium production ; Poppy cultivation ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Rural households ; Rural population ; Agricultural products ; Agriculture ; Alcohol and Substance Abuse ; Crops and Crop Management Systems ; Economic Theory and Research ; Farm-gate ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Opium ; Opium Economy ; Opium poppy ; Opium production ; Poppy cultivation ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Rural households ; Rural population ; Agricultural products ; Agriculture ; Alcohol and Substance Abuse ; Crops and Crop Management Systems ; Economic Theory and Research ; Farm-gate ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Opium ; Opium Economy ; Opium poppy ; Opium production ; Poppy cultivation ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Rural households ; Rural population
    Abstract: Opium, Afghanistan's leading economic activity, lies at the heart of the challenges the country faces in state building, governance, security, and development. With their narrow law enforcement focus and limited recognition of development, security, and political implications, current global counter-narcotics polices impose a heavy burden on Afghanistan. This paper first provides a summary overview of Afghanistan's opium economy and the factors determining rural households' decisions on cultivating opium poppy. It then discusses the dynamic evolution of the Afghan drug industry in recent years, in particular its consolidation around fewer, powerful, politically-connected actors and the associated compromising of parts of some government agencies by drug industry interests. The paper reviews the experience with different counter-narcotics interventions, analyzes some proposals not yet tried in Afghanistan, and draws lessons and policy implications. Unfortunately there are no "silver bullets"-easy, quick, or one-dimensional solutions, and a longer-term horizon along with sustained commitment and resources will be required in order to phase out the opium economy over time. The paper concludes by putting forward some broad principles and approaches of a "smart strategy" against drugs in Afghanistan
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 67
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    Expanding Taxable Capacity And Reaching Revenue Potential : Cross-Country Analysis (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (40 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Le, Tuan Minh Expanding Taxable Capacity And Reaching Revenue Potential
    Keywords: Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Economics and Finance ; Tax ; Tax Policy ; Tax administration ; Tax base ; Tax collection ; Tax expenditures ; Tax reforms ; Tax revenues ; Tax system ; Taxation ; Taxation and Subsidies ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Economics and Finance ; Tax ; Tax Policy ; Tax administration ; Tax base ; Tax collection ; Tax expenditures ; Tax reforms ; Tax revenues ; Tax system ; Taxation ; Taxation and Subsidies ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Economics and Finance ; Tax ; Tax Policy ; Tax administration ; Tax base ; Tax collection ; Tax expenditures ; Tax reforms ; Tax revenues ; Tax system ; Taxation ; Taxation and Subsidies
    Abstract: An effective tax system is fundamental for successful country development. The first step to understand public revenue systems is to establish some commonly agreed performance measurements and benchmarks. This paper employs a cross-country study to estimate tax capacity from a sample of 104 countries during 1994-2003. The estimation results are then used as benchmarks to compare taxable capacity and tax effort in different countries. Taxable capacity refers to the predicted tax-gross domestic product ratio that can be estimated with the regression, taking into account a country's specific economic, demographic, and institutional features. Tax effort is defined as an index of the ratio between the share of the actual tax collection in gross domestic product and the predicted taxable capacity. The authors classify countries into four distinct groups by their level of actual tax collection and attained tax effort. This classification is based on the benchmark of the global average of tax collection and a tax effort index of 1 (when tax collection is exactly the same as the estimated taxable capacity). The analysis provides guidance for countries with various levels of tax collection and tax effort
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  • 68
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    Intertemporal Adjustment And Fiscal Policy Under A Fixed Exchange Rate Regime (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (33 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Aloy, Marcel Intertemporal Adjustment And Fiscal Policy Under A Fixed Exchange Rate Regime
    Keywords: Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Currency ; Currency board ; Debt Markets ; Economic Stabilization ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Fiscal Policy ; Fixed Exchange Rate ; Fixed Exchange Rate Regime ; Macroeconomic stability ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Monetary policy ; Open economies ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Real exchange rate ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Currency ; Currency board ; Debt Markets ; Economic Stabilization ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Fiscal Policy ; Fixed Exchange Rate ; Fixed Exchange Rate Regime ; Macroeconomic stability ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Monetary policy ; Open economies ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Real exchange rate ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Currency ; Currency board ; Debt Markets ; Economic Stabilization ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Fiscal Policy ; Fixed Exchange Rate ; Fixed Exchange Rate Regime ; Macroeconomic stability ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Monetary policy ; Open economies ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Real exchange rate
    Abstract: The paper presents a dynamic model for small to medium open economies operating under a fixed exchange rate regime. The model provides a partial explanation of the channels through which fiscal and monetary policy affects the real exchange rate. An empirical investigation is conducted for the case of Argentina during the currency board period of 1991-2001. Empirical estimates show that fiscal policy may indeed be an efficient instrument for promoting macroeconomic stability insofar as it encourages convergence toward long-run equilibrium and alters the long-term balance between exports and consumption, both private and public. The simulation applied to Argentina shows that if the share of public spending in the economy is higher than the share of imports, an increase in the tax rate will stimulate capital stock slightly, at least in the short term, and depreciate the real effective exchange rate. In the long run, the fiscal policy affects the value of the real exchange rate and consequently external competitiveness
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 69
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    Cocaine Production And Trafficking : What Do We Know ? (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (62 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Mejia, Daniel Cocaine Production And Trafficking
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Alcohol and Substance Abuse ; Anxiety ; Cocaine ; Crack ; Crime ; Crime and Society ; Crops and Crop Management Systems ; Drug consumption ; Economic Theory and Research ; Fatigue ; Headaches ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Isolation ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Social Development ; Sodium ; Violence ; Agriculture ; Alcohol and Substance Abuse ; Anxiety ; Cocaine ; Crack ; Crime ; Crime and Society ; Crops and Crop Management Systems ; Drug consumption ; Economic Theory and Research ; Fatigue ; Headaches ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Isolation ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Social Development ; Sodium ; Violence ; Agriculture ; Alcohol and Substance Abuse ; Anxiety ; Cocaine ; Crack ; Crime ; Crime and Society ; Crops and Crop Management Systems ; Drug consumption ; Economic Theory and Research ; Fatigue ; Headaches ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Isolation ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Social Development ; Sodium ; Violence
    Abstract: The main purpose of this paper is to summarize the information currently available on cocaine production and trafficking. The paper starts by describing the available data on cocaine production and trade, the collection methodologies (if available) used by different sources, the main biases in the data, and the accuracy of different data sources. Next, it states some of the key empirical questions and hypotheses regarding cocaine production and trade and takes a first look at how well the data match these hypotheses. The paper states some of the main puzzles in the cocaine market and studies some of the possible explanations. These puzzles and empirical questions should guide future research on the key determinants of illicit drug production and trafficking. Finally, the paper studies the different policies that producer countries have adopted to fight against cocaine production and the role consumer countries play in the implementation of anti-drug policies
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 70
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    Spite and Development (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (14 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Fehr, Ernst Spite and Development
    DDC: 360
    Keywords: Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress ; Competitive Advantage ; Corporate Law ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Equilibrium ; Expected returns ; Expected utility ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free riders ; Future research ; Gender ; Gender and Social Development ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Marginal cost ; Public good ; Utility function ; Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress ; Competitive Advantage ; Corporate Law ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Equilibrium ; Expected returns ; Expected utility ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free riders ; Future research ; Gender ; Gender and Social Development ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Marginal cost ; Public good ; Utility function ; Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress ; Competitive Advantage ; Corporate Law ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Equilibrium ; Expected returns ; Expected utility ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free riders ; Future research ; Gender ; Gender and Social Development ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Marginal cost ; Public good ; Utility function
    Abstract: In a wide variety of settings, spiteful preferences would constitute an obstacle to cooperation, trade, and thus economic development. This paper shows that spiteful preferences - the desire to reduce another's material payoff for the mere purpose of increasing one's relative payoff - are surprisingly widespread in experiments conducted in one of the least developed regions in India (Uttar Pradesh). In a one-shot trust game, the authors find that a large majority of subjects punish cooperative behavior although such punishment clearly increases inequality and decreases the payoffs of both subjects. In experiments to study coordination and to measure social preferences, the findings reveal empirical patterns suggesting that the willingness to reduce another's material payoff - either for the sake of achieving more equality or for the sake of being ahead - is stronger among individuals belonging to high castes than among those belonging to low castes. Because extreme social hierarchies are typically accompanied by a culture that stresses status-seeking, it is plausible that the observed social preference patterns are at least partly shaped by this culture. Thus, an exciting question for future research is the extent to which different institutions and cultures produce preferences that are conducive or detrimental to economic development
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  • 71
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    The Measurement of Inequality of Opportunity : Theory And An Application To Latin America (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (55 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Ferreira, Francisco H.G The Measurement of Inequality of Opportunity
    Keywords: Consumption ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economic inequality ; Equity and Development ; Gender ; Gender and ; Gender and Law ; Household income ; Income differences ; Incomes ; Inequality ; Inequality ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Multiple equilibria ; Policy research ; Poverty Impact Evaluation ; Poverty Reduction ; Product ; Public Sector Development ; Public policy ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Services and Transfers to Poor ; Trade Policy ; Consumption ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economic inequality ; Equity and Development ; Gender ; Gender and ; Gender and Law ; Household income ; Income differences ; Incomes ; Inequality ; Inequality ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Multiple equilibria ; Policy research ; Poverty Impact Evaluation ; Poverty Reduction ; Product ; Public Sector Development ; Public policy ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Services and Transfers to Poor ; Trade Policy ; Consumption ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economic inequality ; Equity and Development ; Gender ; Gender and ; Gender and Law ; Household income ; Income differences ; Incomes ; Inequality ; Inequality ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Multiple equilibria ; Policy research ; Poverty Impact Evaluation ; Poverty Reduction ; Product ; Public Sector Development ; Public policy ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Services and Transfers to Poor ; Trade Policy
    Abstract: What part of the inequality observed in a particular country is due to unequal opportunities, rather than to differences in individual efforts or luck? This paper estimates a lower bound for the opportunity share of inequality in labor earnings, household income per capita and household consumption per capita in six Latin American countries. Following John Roemer, the authors associate inequality of opportunity with outcome differences that can be accounted for by morally irrelevant pre-determined circumstances, such as race, gender, place of birth, and family background. Thus defined, unequal opportunities account for between 24 and 50 percent of inequality in consumption expenditure in the sample. Brazil and Central America are more opportunity-unequal than Colombia, Ecuador, or Peru. "Opportunity profiles," which identify the social groups with the most limited opportunity sets, are shown to be distinct from poverty profiles: ethnic origin and the geography of birth are markedly more important as determinants of opportunity deprivation than of outcome poverty, particularly in Brazil, Guatemala, and Peru
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  • 72
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    Factors Affecting Levels of International Cooperation In Carbon Abatement Projects (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (40 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Dinar, Ariel Factors Affecting Levels of International Cooperation In Carbon Abatement Projects
    Keywords: Abatement ; C ; Carbon ; Carbon dioxide ; Clean development mechanism ; Climate change ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economic development ; Economics ; Emerging Markets ; Emission reductions ; Emissions ; Energy ; Energy Production and Transportation ; Energy and Environment ; Environment ; Environment and Energy Efficiency ; Environmental Economics and Policies ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Sustainable development ; Abatement ; C ; Carbon ; Carbon dioxide ; Clean development mechanism ; Climate change ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economic development ; Economics ; Emerging Markets ; Emission reductions ; Emissions ; Energy ; Energy Production and Transportation ; Energy and Environment ; Environment ; Environment and Energy Efficiency ; Environmental Economics and Policies ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Sustainable development ; Abatement ; C ; Carbon ; Carbon dioxide ; Clean development mechanism ; Climate change ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economic development ; Economics ; Emerging Markets ; Emission reductions ; Emissions ; Energy ; Energy Production and Transportation ; Energy and Environment ; Environment ; Environment and Energy Efficiency ; Environmental Economics and Policies ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Sustainable development
    Abstract: The Clean Development Mechanism, a provision of The Kyoto Protocol, allows countries that have pledged to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions to gain credit toward their treaty obligations by investing in projects located in developing (host) countries. Such projects are expected to benefit both parties by providing low-cost abatement opportunities for the investor-country, while facilitating capital and technology flows to the host country. This paper analyzes the Clean Development Mechanism market, emphasizing the cooperation aspects between host and investor countries. The analysis uses a dichotomous (yes/no) variable and three continuous variants to measure the level of cooperation, namely the number of joint projects, the volume of carbon dioxide abatement, and the volume of investment in the projects. The results suggest that economic development, institutional development, the energy structure of the economies, the level of country vulnerability to various climate change effects, and the state of international relations between the host and investor countries are good predictors of the level of cooperation in Clean Development Mechanism projects. The main policy conclusions include the importance of simplifying the project regulation/clearance cycle; improving the governance structure host and investor countries; and strengthening trade or other long-term economic activities that engage the countries
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  • 73
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    Annuities in Switzerland (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (110 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Butler, Monika Annuities in Switzerland
    Keywords: Annuities ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Gender ; Gender and Law ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Occupational Pension Plans ; Pay-As-You-Go System ; Pension ; Pension Scheme ; Pension System ; Pensions and Retirement Systems ; Private Sector Development ; Replacement Rate ; Retirement ; Social Protections and Labor ; Social Security ; Social Security System ; Annuities ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Gender ; Gender and Law ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Occupational Pension Plans ; Pay-As-You-Go System ; Pension ; Pension Scheme ; Pension System ; Pensions and Retirement Systems ; Private Sector Development ; Replacement Rate ; Retirement ; Social Protections and Labor ; Social Security ; Social Security System ; Annuities ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Gender ; Gender and Law ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Occupational Pension Plans ; Pay-As-You-Go System ; Pension ; Pension Scheme ; Pension System ; Pensions and Retirement Systems ; Private Sector Development ; Replacement Rate ; Retirement ; Social Protections and Labor ; Social Security ; Social Security System
    Abstract: Switzerland's pension system has attracted considerable attention, mainly due to its reliance on a three-pillar structure. A relatively small pay-as-you-go system (first pillar) is complemented by a mandatory, employer-based, fully funded occupational pension scheme (second pillar). The main goal of this paper is to provide a detailed description and analysis of the Swiss pension system. Particular emphasis is placed on the second pillar and its role in the provision of old age benefits within the Swiss social security system. The paper shows, for example, that a typical individual with an uninterrupted career can expect a net (after-tax) replacement rate of at least 70 percent. Occupational pension plans are highly regulated. Minimum interest rate requirements and minimum conversion rates (at which the accumulated retirement balances are transformed into annuity streams) introduce many elements of defined benefit plans into notionally defined contribution schemes. The resulting money's worth ratios are very high (with the exception of single males). Switzerland also has a high annuitization rate by international standards (approximately 80 percent). However, due to high fragmentation of the scheme and non-uniform accounting practices, some aspects of the system are not very transparent. The paper sheds light on the financial health of the pension system and the evolution of the regulatory framework in the past two decades
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  • 74
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    Aid Inflows And The Real Effective Exchange Rate In Tanzania (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (48 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Li, Ying Aid Inflows And The Real Effective Exchange Rate In Tanzania
    Keywords: Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Depreciation ; Economic Policy ; Economic Stabilization ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Equilibrium ; Export Competitiveness ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; International Competitiveness ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Real Effective Exchange Rate ; Real Exchange Rate ; Trade Liberalization ; Trade Movements ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Depreciation ; Economic Policy ; Economic Stabilization ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Equilibrium ; Export Competitiveness ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; International Competitiveness ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Real Effective Exchange Rate ; Real Exchange Rate ; Trade Liberalization ; Trade Movements ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Depreciation ; Economic Policy ; Economic Stabilization ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Equilibrium ; Export Competitiveness ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; International Competitiveness ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Real Effective Exchange Rate ; Real Exchange Rate ; Trade Liberalization ; Trade Movements
    Abstract: Tanzania is well placed to receive a significant increase in aid inflows in coming years. Despite the potential for the additional aid inflows to raise income levels in the country, increasing them may bring about structural changes in the economy that may be unwelcome. One such change is an appreciation of the real exchange rate that leads to a contraction of traditional export sectors and a loss of export competitiveness. This paper employs a reduced-form equilibrium real exchange rate approach to explain movements in Tanzania's real effective exchange in recent decades. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between aid inflows and the real effective exchange rate. The authors find that the long-run behavior of the real effective exchange rate is influenced by terms of trade movements, the government's trade liberalization efforts, and aid inflows. Positive terms-of-trade movements are associated with an appreciation, periods of improving trade liberalization are associated with a depreciation, and increases in aid inflows are associated with a depreciation in the real effective exchange rate. Although the last result is non-standard, it is not empirically unique and does have theoretical underpinnings. A detailed analysis of this relationship over the last decade shows that the Bank of Tanzania's response to aid inflows is likely the main reason for the finding
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  • 75
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    Finding Missing Markets (And A Disturbing Epilogue) : Evidence From An Export Crop Adoption And Marketing Intervention In Kenya (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (41 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Ashraf, Nava Finding Missing Markets (And A Disturbing Epilogue)
    Keywords: Agricultural Inputs ; Agricultural Technology ; Agriculture ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Cash Crops ; Crop ; Crops ; Crops and Crop Management Systems ; Economic Theory and Research ; Export Crops ; Farmer ; Farmers ; Farms ; Food Safety ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Development Knowledge and Information Systems ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Agricultural Inputs ; Agricultural Technology ; Agriculture ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Cash Crops ; Crop ; Crops ; Crops and Crop Management Systems ; Economic Theory and Research ; Export Crops ; Farmer ; Farmers ; Farms ; Food Safety ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Development Knowledge and Information Systems ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Agricultural Inputs ; Agricultural Technology ; Agriculture ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Cash Crops ; Crop ; Crops ; Crops and Crop Management Systems ; Economic Theory and Research ; Export Crops ; Farmer ; Farmers ; Farms ; Food Safety ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Development Knowledge and Information Systems ; Rural Poverty Reduction
    Abstract: In much of the developing world, many farmers grow crops for local or personal consumption despite export options that appear to be more profitable. Thus many conjecture that one or several markets are missing. This paper reports on a randomized controlled trial conducted by DrumNet in Kenya that attempts to help farmers adopt and market export crops. DrumNet provides smallholder farmers with information about how to switch to export crops, makes in-kind loans for the purchase of the agricultural inputs, and provides marketing services by facilitating the transaction with exporters. The experimental evaluation design randomly assigns pre-existing farmer self-help groups to one of three groups: (1) a treatment group that receives all DrumNet services, (2) a treatment group that receives all DrumNet services except credit, or (3) a control group. After one year, DrumNet services led to an increase in production of export oriented crops and lower marketing costs; this translated into household income gains for new adopters. However, one year after the study ended, the exporter refused to continue buying the cash crops from the farmers because the conditions of the farms did not satisfy European export requirements. DrumNet collapsed in this region as farmers were forced to sell to middlemen and defaulted on their loans. The risk of such events may explain, at least partly, why many seemingly more profitable export crops are not adopted
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  • 76
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    Aid, Growth, And Real Exchange Rate Dynamics (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (44 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Devarajan, Shantayanan Aid, Growth, And Real Exchange Rate Dynamics
    Keywords: Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Equilibrium ; Extreme Poverty ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Incentive Effects ; Macroeconomic Management ; Macroeconomic Management ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Marginal Productivity ; Open Economy ; Private Sector Development ; Productivity ; Savings ; Side Effects ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Equilibrium ; Extreme Poverty ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Incentive Effects ; Macroeconomic Management ; Macroeconomic Management ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Marginal Productivity ; Open Economy ; Private Sector Development ; Productivity ; Savings ; Side Effects ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Equilibrium ; Extreme Poverty ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Incentive Effects ; Macroeconomic Management ; Macroeconomic Management ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Marginal Productivity ; Open Economy ; Private Sector Development ; Productivity ; Savings ; Side Effects
    Abstract: Devarajan, Go, Page, Robinson, and Thierfelder argued that if aid is about the future and recipients are able to plan consumption and investment decisions optimally over time, then the potential problem of an aid-induced appreciation of the real exchange rate (Dutch disease) does not occur. In their paper, "Aid, Growth and Real Exchange Rate Dynamics," this key result is derived without requiring extreme assumptions or additional productivity story. The economic framework is a standard neoclassical growth model, based on the familiar Salter-Swan characterization of an open economy, with full dynamic savings and investment decisions. It does require that the model is fully dynamic in both savings and investment decisions. An important assumption is that aid should be predictable for intertemporal smoothing to take place. If aid volatility forces recipients to be constrained and myopic, Dutch disease problems become an issue
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  • 77
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    On The Welfarist Rationale For Relative Poverty Lines (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (27 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Ravallion, Martin On The Welfarist Rationale For Relative Poverty Lines
    Keywords: Armut ; Messung ; Theorie ; Malawi ; Absolute poverty ; Economic Theory and Research ; Food items ; Inequality ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poor ; Poor people ; Poverty Lines ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty gap ; Poverty measurement ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Risk sharing ; Rural ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Rural areas ; Absolute poverty ; Economic Theory and Research ; Food items ; Inequality ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poor ; Poor people ; Poverty Lines ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty gap ; Poverty measurement ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Risk sharing ; Rural ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Rural areas ; Absolute poverty ; Economic Theory and Research ; Food items ; Inequality ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poor ; Poor people ; Poverty Lines ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty gap ; Poverty measurement ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Risk sharing ; Rural ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Rural areas
    Abstract: The theory and evidence supporting a relativist approach to poverty measurement are critically reviewed. Various sources of welfare interdependence are identified, including the idea of "relative deprivation" as well other (positive and negative) welfare effects for poor people of belonging to a better-off group. An economic model combines informal risk sharing with the idea of a "positional good," and conditions are derived in which the relative deprivation effect dominates, implying a relative poverty measure. The paper then reviews the problems encountered in testing for welfare effects of relative deprivation and discusses the implications of micro evidence from Malawi. The results are consistent with the emphasis given to absolute level of living in development policy discussions. However, relative deprivation is still evident in the data from this poor but unequal country, and it is likely to become a more important factor as the country develops
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  • 78
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    Quantifying Institutional Impacts And Development Synergies In Water Resource Programs : A Methodology With Application To The Kala Oya Basin, Sri Lanka (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (71 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Saleth, R. Maria Quantifying Institutional Impacts And Development Synergies In Water Resource Programs
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Climate Change ; Development policy ; E-Business ; Econometric Analysis ; Econometric models ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economic implications ; Environment ; Equations ; Externalities ; Food and Beverage Industry ; Industry ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Political economy ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Trade policy ; Utility maximization ; Agriculture ; Climate Change ; Development policy ; E-Business ; Econometric Analysis ; Econometric models ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economic implications ; Environment ; Equations ; Externalities ; Food and Beverage Industry ; Industry ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Political economy ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Trade policy ; Utility maximization ; Agriculture ; Climate Change ; Development policy ; E-Business ; Econometric Analysis ; Econometric models ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economic implications ; Environment ; Equations ; Externalities ; Food and Beverage Industry ; Industry ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Political economy ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Trade policy ; Utility maximization
    Abstract: The success of development programs, including water resource projects, depends on two key factors: the role of underlying institutions and the impact synergies from other closely related programs. Existing methodologies have limitations in accounting for these critical factors. This paper fills this gap by developing a methodology, which quantifies both the roles that institutions play in impact generation and the extent of impact synergies that flows from closely related programs within a unified framework. The methodology is applied to the Kala Oya Basin in Sri Lanka in order to evaluate the impacts of three water-related programs and the roles of 11 institutions in the context of food security. The results provide considerable insights on the relative role of institutions and the flow of development synergies both within and across different impact pathways. The methodology can also be used to locate slack in impact chains and identify policy options to enhance the impact flows
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  • 79
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    Inequality In Latin America : Determinants And Consequences (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (41 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Lopez, J. Humberto Inequality In Latin America
    Keywords: Average income ; Economic Conditions and Volatility ; Economic Theory and Research ; Gini coefficient ; Impact of inequality ; Income ; Income inequality ; Inequality ; Inequality ; Inequality trends ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Output volatility ; Policy ReseaRch ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty levels ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Average income ; Economic Conditions and Volatility ; Economic Theory and Research ; Gini coefficient ; Impact of inequality ; Income ; Income inequality ; Inequality ; Inequality ; Inequality trends ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Output volatility ; Policy ReseaRch ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty levels ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Average income ; Economic Conditions and Volatility ; Economic Theory and Research ; Gini coefficient ; Impact of inequality ; Income ; Income inequality ; Inequality ; Inequality ; Inequality trends ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Output volatility ; Policy ReseaRch ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty levels ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction
    Abstract: Latin America is together with Sub-Saharan Africa the most unequal region of the world. This paper documents recent inequality trends in the Latin American region, going beyond traditional measures of income inequality. The paper also reviews some of the explanations that have been put forward to understand the current situation, and discusses why reducing income inequality should be an important policy priority. In particular, the authors discuss channels through which inequality can affect growth and output volatility. On the whole, the analysis suggests a two-pronged approach to reduce inequality in the region that combines policies aimed at improving the distribution of assets (especially education) with elements aimed at improving the capacity of the state to redistribute income through taxes and transfers
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  • 80
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    Credit Chains And Sectoral Comovement : Does The Use of Trade Credit Amplify Sectoral Shocks? (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (53 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Raddatz, Claudio Credit Chains And Sectoral Comovement
    Keywords: Access to Finance ; Adverse effect ; Bankruptcy ; Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress ; Business cycles ; Central Bank ; Debt ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Interest rate ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Liquidity ; Macroeconomics ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Risk neutral ; Value added ; Access to Finance ; Adverse effect ; Bankruptcy ; Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress ; Business cycles ; Central Bank ; Debt ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Interest rate ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Liquidity ; Macroeconomics ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Risk neutral ; Value added ; Access to Finance ; Adverse effect ; Bankruptcy ; Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress ; Business cycles ; Central Bank ; Debt ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Interest rate ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Liquidity ; Macroeconomics ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Risk neutral ; Value added
    Abstract: This paper provides evidence of the presence and relevance of a credit-chain amplification mechanism by looking at its implications for the correlation of industries. In particular, it tests the hypothesis that an increase in the use of trade-credit along the input-output chain linking two industries results in an increase in their correlation. The analysis uses detailed data on the correlations and input-output relations of 378 manufacturing industry-pairs across 44 countries with different degrees of use of trade credit. The results provide strong support for this hypothesis and indicate that the mechanism is quantitatively relevant
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  • 81
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    Isolation And Subjective Welfare : Evidence From South Asia (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (55 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Fafchamps, Marcel Isolation And Subjective Welfare
    DDC: 360
    Keywords: Air ; Consumption ; Economic Theory and Research ; Externalities ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Inequality ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Mobility ; Poverty Reduction ; Road ; Roads ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transport costs ; Travel time ; Travel times ; True ; Air ; Consumption ; Economic Theory and Research ; Externalities ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Inequality ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Mobility ; Poverty Reduction ; Road ; Roads ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transport costs ; Travel time ; Travel times ; True ; Air ; Consumption ; Economic Theory and Research ; Externalities ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Inequality ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Mobility ; Poverty Reduction ; Road ; Roads ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transport costs ; Travel time ; Travel times ; True
    Abstract: Using detailed geographical and household survey data from Nepal, this article investigates the relationship between isolation and subjective welfare. This is achieved by examining how distance to markets and proximity to large urban centers are associated with responses to questions about income and consumption adequacy. Results show that isolation is associated with a significant reduction in subjective assessments of income and consumption adequacy, even after controlling for consumption expenditures and other factors. The reduction in subjective welfare associated with isolation is much larger for households that are already relatively close to markets. These findings suggest that welfare assessments based on monetary income and consumption may seriously underestimate the subjective welfare cost of isolation, and hence will tend to bias downward the assessment of benefits to isolation-reducing investments such as roads and communication infrastructure
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  • 82
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    The Development Impact of The Illegality of Drug Trade (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (36 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Keefer, Philip The Development Impact of The Illegality of Drug Trade
    Keywords: Conflict and Development ; Corruption ; Crime and Society ; Drug ; Drug Trade ; Drug trafficking ; Drugs ; Economic Theory and Research ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Narcotic ; Narcotic drug ; Narcotic drugs ; Organized crime ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Social Development ; Violence ; Conflict and Development ; Corruption ; Crime and Society ; Drug ; Drug Trade ; Drug trafficking ; Drugs ; Economic Theory and Research ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Narcotic ; Narcotic drug ; Narcotic drugs ; Organized crime ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Social Development ; Violence ; Conflict and Development ; Corruption ; Crime and Society ; Drug ; Drug Trade ; Drug trafficking ; Drugs ; Economic Theory and Research ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Narcotic ; Narcotic drug ; Narcotic drugs ; Organized crime ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Social Development ; Violence
    Abstract: This essay reviews many of the less considered consequences of the war on drugs, particularly the consequences for developing countries, and weighs them against the evidence that exists regarding the likely efficacy of current strategies to curb drug use and trade. The most important unintended consequences of drug prohibition are the following. First, the large demand for drugs, particularly in developed countries, generates the possibility of massive profits to potential drug providers. Since they cannot be organized freely and under the protection of the law, they resort to the formation of organized crime groups, using violence and corruption as their means of survival and expansion. In severe cases, the challenge to the state is such that public stability and safety are severely compromised. Second, prohibition and its derived illegal market imply the expropriation of endowments and resources used to produce and trade drugs. In many instances, this entails the transfer of wealth from poor to rich countries and from poor peasants to rich (and ruthless) traders. Third, criminalization can exacerbate the net health effects of drug use. These consequences are so pernicious that they call for a fundamental review of drug policy around the world
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  • 83
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    Evaluation In The Practice of Development (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (35 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Ravallion, Martin Evaluation In The Practice of Development
    Keywords: Beneficiaries ; Counterfactual ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Impact assessment ; Impact evaluation ; Infrastructure projects ; Intervention ; Learning ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Monitoring and Analysis ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty outcomes ; Programs ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Targeting ; Tertiary Education ; Beneficiaries ; Counterfactual ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Impact assessment ; Impact evaluation ; Infrastructure projects ; Intervention ; Learning ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Monitoring and Analysis ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty outcomes ; Programs ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Targeting ; Tertiary Education ; Beneficiaries ; Counterfactual ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Impact assessment ; Impact evaluation ; Infrastructure projects ; Intervention ; Learning ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Monitoring and Analysis ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty outcomes ; Programs ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Targeting ; Tertiary Education
    Abstract: Knowledge about development effectiveness is constrained by two factors. First, the project staff in governments and international agencies who decide how much to invest in research on specific interventions are often not well informed about the returns to rigorous evaluation and (even when they are) cannot be expected to take full account of the external benefits to others from new knowledge. This leads to under-investment in evaluative research. Second, while standard methods of impact evaluation are useful, they often leave many questions about development effectiveness unanswered. The paper proposes ten steps for making evaluations more relevant to the needs of practitioners. It is argued that more attention needs to be given to identifying policy-relevant questions (including the case for intervention); that a broader approach should be taken to the problems of internal validity; and that the problems of external validity (including scaling up) merit more attention
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  • 84
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    Heterogeneous Quality Firms And Trade Costs (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (44 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Helble, Matthias Heterogeneous Quality Firms And Trade Costs
    Keywords: Aggregate demand ; Common Carriers Industry ; Comparative advantage ; Consumers ; Economic Theory and Research ; Exports ; Free Trade ; Free trade ; Income levels ; Industry ; International Economics & Trade ; International trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Per capita income ; Product differentiation ; Productivity ; Transport ; Transport and Trade Logistics ; Aggregate demand ; Common Carriers Industry ; Comparative advantage ; Consumers ; Economic Theory and Research ; Exports ; Free Trade ; Free trade ; Income levels ; Industry ; International Economics & Trade ; International trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Per capita income ; Product differentiation ; Productivity ; Transport ; Transport and Trade Logistics ; Aggregate demand ; Common Carriers Industry ; Comparative advantage ; Consumers ; Economic Theory and Research ; Exports ; Free Trade ; Free trade ; Income levels ; Industry ; International Economics & Trade ; International trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Per capita income ; Product differentiation ; Productivity ; Transport ; Transport and Trade Logistics
    Abstract: There is increasing empirical evidence that vertical product differentiation is an important determinant of international trade. However, the economic literature so far has solely focused on the case in which quality trade stems from differences between countries. No studies investigate the role of quality trade between similar economies. This paper first develops a simple theoretical trade model that includes vertical product differentiation in a heterogeneous-firm framework. The model yields three main predictions for trade between similar economies. First, exported goods are of higher quality than goods sold on the domestic market. Second, larger economies have on average higher export qualities compared with smaller economies. Third, with increasing trade costs higher quality goods are exchanged. For all three effects, strong empirical support is found using detailed export trade data of the United States and 15 European Union countries
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  • 85
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    Productivity Growth And Economic Reform : Evidence From Rwanda (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (35 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Coulibaly, Kalamogo Productivity Growth And Economic Reform
    Keywords: Competitiveness ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Development assistance ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial sector ; GDP ; Human capital ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Production function ; Productivity ; Productivity Growth ; Total factor productivity ; Trade reforms ; Competitiveness ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Development assistance ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial sector ; GDP ; Human capital ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Production function ; Productivity ; Productivity Growth ; Total factor productivity ; Trade reforms ; Competitiveness ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Development assistance ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial sector ; GDP ; Human capital ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Production function ; Productivity ; Productivity Growth ; Total factor productivity ; Trade reforms
    Abstract: Trade, financial, and exchange rate reforms are shown to have exerted a positive impact on the growth of total factor productivity in Rwanda during the period 1995-2003. Based on a constant returns-to-scale Cobb-Douglas production function, this paper regresses total factor productivity on indices of trade, financial, and exchange rate reforms. The analysis determines that trade reforms and financial reforms each contributed positively to improvements in total factor productivity. The data also suggest that the allocation of official development assistance to human capital made a significant contribution to productivity. In contrast, the appreciation of the real exchange rate of the late 1980's hindered productivity or the growth of TFP. Taken together, the findings for Rwanda presented in this paper show that the strong growth of the past decade has not just been due to a "bounce back" effect following the genocide. The results support the notion that policies favorable to trade development, a deepening of the financial sector, and formation of human capital have been effective for increasing aggregate productivity of the economy and stimulating growth in Rwanda. For sustained growth, the Rwandan authorities should continue to build on these policies, while also taking care to maintain an appropriate exchange rate
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  • 86
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    Trade Remedies And Non-Market Economies : Economic Implications of The First US Countervailing Duty Case On China (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (50 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Zhao, Longyue Trade Remedies And Non-Market Economies
    Keywords: Bilateral trade ; Capacity building ; Debt Markets ; Development policies ; Dumping ; Economic Implications ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economic efficiency ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; ITC ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Private Sector Development ; Trade Law ; Trade policy ; WTO ; World Trade Organization ; Bilateral trade ; Capacity building ; Debt Markets ; Development policies ; Dumping ; Economic Implications ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economic efficiency ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; ITC ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Private Sector Development ; Trade Law ; Trade policy ; WTO ; World Trade Organization ; Bilateral trade ; Capacity building ; Debt Markets ; Development policies ; Dumping ; Economic Implications ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economic efficiency ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; ITC ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Private Sector Development ; Trade Law ; Trade policy ; WTO ; World Trade Organization
    Abstract: In 2007, the United States Department of Commerce altered a 23-year old policy of not applying the countervailing duty law to non-market economies, and initiated eight countervailing and antidumping duty investigations on Chinese imports. The change brings heated debate on trade remedy policies and issues of non-market economies. This study focuses on the first countervailing duty case on imported coated free sheet paper from China and analyzes the implications of this test case for United States-China bilateral trade, and industrial policies in transitioning market economies. The paper also provides a brief review of the economics of subsidies, World Trade Organization rules on subsides and countervailing measures, and United States countervailing duty laws applied to non-market economies. While recently acceded countries should review their domestic development policies from the perspective of economic efficiency and comply with the World Trade Organization rules, it is also important to further clarify the issues of non-market economies under the multilateral trading system, and pay keen attention to the rules negotiations in the current World Trade Organization Doha Development Round
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  • 87
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    A General Equilibrium Analysis of Demand Side Management Programs Under The Clean Development Mechanism of The Kyoto Protocol (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (31 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Timilsina, Govinda R A General Equilibrium Analysis of Demand Side Management Programs Under The Clean Development Mechanism of The Kyoto Protocol
    Keywords: Clean energy ; Climate Change ; Climate change ; Cost of electricity ; Economic Theory and Research ; Electric utilities ; Electricity savings ; Emission ; Energy ; Energy Production and Transportation ; Energy and Environment ; Energy conservation ; Energy prices ; Environment ; Environment and Energy Efficiency ; Environmental consequences ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Price of electricity ; Clean energy ; Climate Change ; Climate change ; Cost of electricity ; Economic Theory and Research ; Electric utilities ; Electricity savings ; Emission ; Energy ; Energy Production and Transportation ; Energy and Environment ; Energy conservation ; Energy prices ; Environment ; Environment and Energy Efficiency ; Environmental consequences ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Price of electricity ; Clean energy ; Climate Change ; Climate change ; Cost of electricity ; Economic Theory and Research ; Electric utilities ; Electricity savings ; Emission ; Energy ; Energy Production and Transportation ; Energy and Environment ; Energy conservation ; Energy prices ; Environment ; Environment and Energy Efficiency ; Environmental consequences ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Price of electricity
    Abstract: This paper analyzes the economic and environmental consequences of a potential demand side management program in Thailand using a general equilibrium model. The program considers replacement of less efficient electrical appliances in the household sector with more efficient counterparts. The study further examines changes in the economic and environmental effects of the program if it is implemented under the clean development mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol, which provides carbon subsidies to the program. The study finds that the demand side management program would increase economic welfare if the ratio of unit cost of electricity savings to price of electricity is 0.4 or lower even in the absence of the clean development mechanism. If the program's ratio of unit cost of electricity savings to price of electricity is greater than 0.4, registration of the program under the clean development mechanism would be needed to achieve positive welfare impacts. The level of welfare impacts would, however, depend on the price of carbon credits the program generates. For a given level of welfare impacts, the registration of the demand side management program under the clean development mechanism would increase the volume of emission reductions
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  • 88
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    Nonfarm Microenterprise Performance And The Investment Climate : Evidence From Rural Ethiopia (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (51 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Loening, Josef Nonfarm Microenterprise Performance And The Investment Climate
    Keywords: Access to Finance ; Agricultural sector ; Capital stock ; Community survey ; Debt Markets ; Economic Development ; Economic Theory and Research ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial support ; Households ; International Bank ; Job opportunities ; Labor Markets ; Labor market ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Microfinance ; Access to Finance ; Agricultural sector ; Capital stock ; Community survey ; Debt Markets ; Economic Development ; Economic Theory and Research ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial support ; Households ; International Bank ; Job opportunities ; Labor Markets ; Labor market ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Microfinance ; Access to Finance ; Agricultural sector ; Capital stock ; Community survey ; Debt Markets ; Economic Development ; Economic Theory and Research ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial support ; Households ; International Bank ; Job opportunities ; Labor Markets ; Labor market ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Microfinance
    Abstract: This paper uses uniquely matched household, enterprise and community survey data from four major regions in rural Ethiopia to characterize the performance, constraints and opportunities of nonfarm enterprises. The nonfarm enterprise sector is sizeable, particularly important for women, and plays an important role during the low season for agriculture, when alternative job opportunities are limited. Returns to nonfarm enterprise employment are low on average and especially so for female-headed enterprises. Women nevertheless have much higher participation rates than men, which attest to their marginalized position in the labor market. Most enterprises are very small and rely almost exclusively on household members to provide the required labor inputs. Few firms add to their capital stock or increase their labor inputs after startup. Local fluctuations in predicted crop performance affect the performance of nonfarm enterprises, because of the predominant role played by the agricultural sector. Enterprise performance is also affected by the localized nature of sales and limited market integration for nonfarm enterprises. The policy implications of these and other findings are discussed
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  • 89
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    Mineral-Rich Countries And Dutch Disease : Understanding The Macroeconomic Implications of Windfalls And The Development Prospects-The Case of Equatorial Guinea (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (37 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Toto Same, Achille Mineral-Rich Countries And Dutch Disease
    Keywords: Access to Finance ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Currency ; Debt Markets ; Deposits ; Economic Developments ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economic development ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Fiscal policy ; Gross domestic product ; International Bank ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Oil boom ; Public finance ; Transparency ; Access to Finance ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Currency ; Debt Markets ; Deposits ; Economic Developments ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economic development ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Fiscal policy ; Gross domestic product ; International Bank ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Oil boom ; Public finance ; Transparency ; Access to Finance ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Currency ; Debt Markets ; Deposits ; Economic Developments ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economic development ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Fiscal policy ; Gross domestic product ; International Bank ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Oil boom ; Public finance ; Transparency
    Abstract: Referring to the original context of Dutch Disease, the term refers to the fears of de-industrialization that gripped the Netherlands as a result of the appreciation of the Dutch currency that followed the discovery of natural gas deposits. Expansion of petroleum exports in the 1960s not only crowded out other exports, it actually reduced other exports disproportionately and fueled the fears of dire consequences for Dutch manufacturing. In the case of Equatorial Guinea, the secondary sector represents about 2 percent of the gross domestic product, manufacturing represents less than 1 percent, and oil represents more than 95 percent. The negative impact of the Dutch Disease in this context would be limited given the structure of the economy and on the contrary may even be a good thing because it fuels the structural transformational process of the economy, which is needed in Equatorial Guinea. This paper argues that the ongoing Dutch Disease is a natural and necessary reallocation of resources in the economy of Equatorial Guinea. The magnitude of negative macroeconomic consequences of the Dutch Disease depends on the country's economic structure and stage of development. In a country where the manufacturing sector barely exists or where the non-oil primary sector is structurally deficient, as has been the case of Equatorial Guinea, there is little to fear about the disease. The oil boom is a blessing, given that oil revenues when properly managed can play a special and critical role in overall economic development and poverty reduction in low-income countries. To promote good governance in the management of the country's oil wealth, the government may wish to adhere to clear standards of accountability and transparency; especially by complying with the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI++)
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  • 90
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    Measuring Distortions To Agricultural Incentives, Revisited (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (45 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Anderson, Kym Measuring Distortions To Agricultural Incentives, Revisited
    Keywords: Agribusiness ; Agricultural Incentives ; Agricultural markets ; Agricultural policy ; Agriculture ; Agriculture ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Export ; Farm ; Farm products ; Farmers ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Import tariffs ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Private Sector Development ; Quantitative restrictions ; Agribusiness ; Agricultural Incentives ; Agricultural markets ; Agricultural policy ; Agriculture ; Agriculture ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Export ; Farm ; Farm products ; Farmers ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Import tariffs ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Private Sector Development ; Quantitative restrictions ; Agribusiness ; Agricultural Incentives ; Agricultural markets ; Agricultural policy ; Agriculture ; Agriculture ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Export ; Farm ; Farm products ; Farmers ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Import tariffs ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Private Sector Development ; Quantitative restrictions
    Abstract: Notwithstanding the tariffication component of the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture, import tariffs on farm products continue to provide an incomplete indication of the extent to which agricultural producer and consumer incentives are distorted in national markets. Especially in developing countries, non-agricultural policies indirectly impact agricultural and food markets. Empirical analysis aimed at monitoring distortions to agricultural incentives thus need to examine both agricultural and non-agricultural policy measures including import or export taxes, subsidies and quantitative restrictions, plus domestic taxes or subsidies on farm outputs or inputs and consumer subsidies for food staples. This paper addresses the practical methodological issues that need to be faced when attempting to undertake such a measurement task in developing countries. The approach is illustrated in two ways: by presenting estimates of nominal and relative rates of assistance to farmers in China for the period 1981 to 2005; and by summarizing estimates from an economy-wide computable general equilibrium model of the effects on agricultural versus non-agricultural markets of the project's measured distortions globally as of 2004
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  • 91
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    Trade Facilitation In ASEAN Member Countries : Measuring Progress And Assessing Priorities (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (43 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Shepherd, Ben Trade Facilitation In ASEAN Member Countries
    Keywords: Air ; Air transport ; Common Carriers Industry ; Driving ; Economic Theory and Research ; Free Trade ; Freight ; Industry ; International Economics & Trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Port facilities ; Public Sector Development ; Road ; Road infrastructure ; Trade Policy ; Transparency ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transport infrastructure ; Air ; Air transport ; Common Carriers Industry ; Driving ; Economic Theory and Research ; Free Trade ; Freight ; Industry ; International Economics & Trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Port facilities ; Public Sector Development ; Road ; Road infrastructure ; Trade Policy ; Transparency ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transport infrastructure ; Air ; Air transport ; Common Carriers Industry ; Driving ; Economic Theory and Research ; Free Trade ; Freight ; Industry ; International Economics & Trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Port facilities ; Public Sector Development ; Road ; Road infrastructure ; Trade Policy ; Transparency ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transport infrastructure
    Abstract: This paper reviews recent progress and indicators of trade facilitation in member countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations. The findings show that import and export costs vary considerably in the member countries, from very low to moderately high levels. Tariff and non-tariff barriers are generally low to moderate. Infrastructure quality and services sector competitiveness range from fair to excellent. Using a standard gravity model, the authors find that trade flows in Southeast Asia are particularly sensitive to transport infrastructure and information and communications technology. The results suggest that the region stands to make significant economic gains from trade facilitation reform. These gains could be considerably larger than those from comparable tariff reforms. Estimates suggest that improving port facilities in the region, for example, could expand trade by up to 7.5 percent or
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  • 92
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    Who Gets The Credit? : And Does It Matter? (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (41 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Beck, Thorsten Who Gets The Credit?
    Keywords: Access to Finance ; Bank ; Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Credit ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Enterprise ; Enterprise credit ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial systems ; Household ; Households ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Regulatory policies ; Access to Finance ; Bank ; Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Credit ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Enterprise ; Enterprise credit ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial systems ; Household ; Households ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Regulatory policies ; Access to Finance ; Bank ; Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Credit ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Enterprise ; Enterprise credit ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial systems ; Household ; Households ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Regulatory policies
    Abstract: While the theoretical and empirical finance literature has focused almost exclusively on enterprise credit, about half of credit extended by banks to the private sector in a sample of 45 developing and developed countries is to households. The share of household credit in total credit increases as countries grow richer and financial systems develop. Cross-country regressions, however, suggest a positive and significant impact on gross domestic product per capita growth only of enterprise but not household credit. These two findings together partly explain why previous studies have found a small or insignificant effect of finance on growth in high-income countries. In addition, countries with a lower share of manufacturing, a higher degree of urbanization, and more market-oriented financial systems have a higher share of household credit. It is thus mostly socio-economic trends that determine credit composition, while policies influencing banking market structure and regulatory policies are not robustly related to credit composition
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  • 93
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    Assessing the Impact of Public Spending on Growth : An Empirical Analysis for Seven Fast Growing Countries (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (59 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Moreno-Dodson, Blanca Assessing the Impact of Public Spending on Growth
    Keywords: Allocation ; Composition of public spending ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Fiscal policy ; Government expenditure ; Inequality ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty reduction ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Public Sector Economics and Finance ; Public Sector Expenditure Analysis and Management ; Public disclosure ; Public expenditure ; Public finance ; Public spending ; Uncertaint ; Allocation ; Composition of public spending ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Fiscal policy ; Government expenditure ; Inequality ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty reduction ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Public Sector Economics and Finance ; Public Sector Expenditure Analysis and Management ; Public disclosure ; Public expenditure ; Public finance ; Public spending ; Uncertaint ; Allocation ; Composition of public spending ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Fiscal policy ; Government expenditure ; Inequality ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty reduction ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Public Sector Economics and Finance ; Public Sector Expenditure Analysis and Management ; Public disclosure ; Public expenditure ; Public finance ; Public spending ; Uncertaint
    Abstract: The goal of this paper is to understand better, at the empirical level, how public spending contributes to growth by focusing on both the level and composition of public spending, in connection to the dynamics of GDP per capita growth. It attempts to answer two specific questions: (a) What are the policy conditions under which public spending contributes positively to growth? and (b) What are the public spending components that have a stronger and longer-lasting impact on growth? The analysis is applied to a sample of seven fast-growing developing countries: Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Botswana, and Mauritius, which have been among the top performers in the world in terms of GDP per capita growth during the period (1960-2006). The rationale for this country sample selection is twofold. The first hypothesis is that, given their positive growth achievements over a relatively long time period, perhaps it is more straightforward to establish a link to public spending in those countries. Second, it is expected that the findings of the analysis will provide lessons regarding the level and composition of public spending that can be useful for other countries where growth has been less rapid. Assessing what role public spending has played in a dynamic growth context may indeed be enlightening for other cases as well. The paper is structured as follows. The first section is an introduction that provides relevant facts and information about the seven countries during the period of analysis, based on seven individual country case studies. Section II presents the theoretical background behind the empirical analysis. Section III focuses on the empirical methodology, function specification, and variables selected. Section IV is dedicated to the results obtained with the cross-country analysis and some specific country results, as well as some comparisons with previous findings by other authors. Finally, Section V draws policy implications and concludes
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  • 94
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    Currency Undervaluation And Sovereign Wealth Funds : A New Role For The World Trade Organization (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (31 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Mattoo, Aaditya Currency Undervaluation And Sovereign Wealth Funds
    Keywords: Access to Finance ; Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Currency ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Enforcement ; Exchange ; Exchange rate ; Exchange rates ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free Trade ; Government action ; Interest ; International Economics & Trade ; Investments ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Subsidies ; Trade Law ; World trade ; Access to Finance ; Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Currency ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Enforcement ; Exchange ; Exchange rate ; Exchange rates ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free Trade ; Government action ; Interest ; International Economics & Trade ; Investments ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Subsidies ; Trade Law ; World trade ; Access to Finance ; Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Currency ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Enforcement ; Exchange ; Exchange rate ; Exchange rates ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free Trade ; Government action ; Interest ; International Economics & Trade ; Investments ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Subsidies ; Trade Law ; World trade
    Abstract: Two aspects of global imbalances - undervalued exchange rates and sovereign wealth funds - require a multilateral response. For reasons of inadequate leverage and eroding legitimacy, the International Monetary Fund has not been effective in dealing with undervalued exchange rates. This paper proposes new rules in the World Trade Organization to discipline cases of significant undervaluation that are clearly attributable to government action. The rationale for WTO involvement is that there are large trade consequences of undervalued exchange rates, which act as both import tariffs and export subsidies, and that the WTO's enforcement mechanism is credible and effective. The World Trade Organization would not be involved in exchange rate management, and would not displace the International Monetary Fund. Rather, the authors suggest ways to harness the comparative advantage of the two institutions, with the International Monetary Fund providing the essential technical expertise in the World Trade Organization's enforcement process. There is a bargain to be struck between countries with sovereign wealth funds, which want secure and liberal access for their capital, and capital-importing countries, which have concerns about the objectives and operations of sovereign wealth funds. The World Trade Organization is the natural place to strike this bargain. Its General Agreement on Trade in Services, already covers investments by sovereign wealth funds, and other agreements offer a precedent for designing disciplines for these funds. Placing exchange rates and sovereign wealth funds on the trade negotiating agenda may help revive the Doha Round by rekindling the interest of a wide variety of groups
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  • 95
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    Sovereign Rents And The Quality of Tax Policy And Administration (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (28 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Knack, Stephen Sovereign Rents And The Quality of Tax Policy And Administration
    Keywords: Banks and Banking Reform ; Bureaucratic quality ; Country risk ; Debt Markets ; Developing countries ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economic development ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human development ; International bank ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Po ; Private Sector Development ; Rule of law ; Tax ; Tax Law ; Tax policy ; Tax systems ; Taxation and Subsidies ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Bureaucratic quality ; Country risk ; Debt Markets ; Developing countries ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economic development ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human development ; International bank ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Po ; Private Sector Development ; Rule of law ; Tax ; Tax Law ; Tax policy ; Tax systems ; Taxation and Subsidies ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Bureaucratic quality ; Country risk ; Debt Markets ; Developing countries ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economic development ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human development ; International bank ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Po ; Private Sector Development ; Rule of law ; Tax ; Tax Law ; Tax policy ; Tax systems ; Taxation and Subsidies
    Abstract: The availability of windfall revenues from natural resource exports or foreign aid potentially weakens governments' incentives to design efficient tax systems. Cross-country data for developing countries provide evidence for this hypothesis, using a World Bank indicator of "efficiency of revenue mobilization." Aid's negative effects on the quality of tax systems are robust to correcting for potential reverse causality, to changes in the sample, and to alternative estimation methods. Fuel export revenues are also associated with lower-quality tax policy and administration, but this finding is somewhat sensitive to outliers. Non-fuel resource exports, in contrast, show no relationship to the efficiency of revenue mobilization
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  • 96
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    Macro-Micro Feedback Links of Irrigation Water Management In Turkey (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (81 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Cakmak, Erol H Macro-Micro Feedback Links of Irrigation Water Management In Turkey
    Keywords: Agricultural production ; Agricultural uses ; Climate change ; Competition for water ; Economic Theory and Research ; Industry ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Regional Economic Development ; Rural Development ; Sectoral water ; Town Water Supply and Sanitation ; Water C ; Water Resources ; Water Supply and Sanitation ; Water Supply and Sanitation Governance and Institutions ; Water Supply and Systems ; Water and Industry ; Water availability ; Water management ; Water resource ; Water resources ; Water use ; Agricultural production ; Agricultural uses ; Climate change ; Competition for water ; Economic Theory and Research ; Industry ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Regional Economic Development ; Rural Development ; Sectoral water ; Town Water Supply and Sanitation ; Water C ; Water Resources ; Water Supply and Sanitation ; Water Supply and Sanitation Governance and Institutions ; Water Supply and Systems ; Water and Industry ; Water availability ; Water management ; Water resource ; Water resources ; Water use ; Agricultural production ; Agricultural uses ; Climate change ; Competition for water ; Economic Theory and Research ; Industry ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Regional Economic Development ; Rural Development ; Sectoral water ; Town Water Supply and Sanitation ; Water C ; Water Resources ; Water Supply and Sanitation ; Water Supply and Sanitation Governance and Institutions ; Water Supply and Systems ; Water and Industry ; Water availability ; Water management ; Water resource ; Water resources ; Water use
    Abstract: Agricultural production is heavily dependent on water availability in Turkey, where half the crop production relies on irrigation. Irrigated agriculture consumes about 75 percent of total water used, which is about 30 percent of renewable water availability. This study analyzes the likely effects of increased competition for water resources and changes in the Turkish economy. The analysis uses an economy-wide Walrasian Computable General Equilibrium model with a detailed account of the agricultural sector. The study investigated the economy-wide effects of two external shocks, namely a permanent increase in the world prices of agricultural commodities and climate change, along with the impact of the domestic reallocation of water between agricultural and non-agricultural uses. It was also recognized that because of spatial heterogeneity of the climate, the simulated scenarios have differential impact on the agricultural production and hence on the allocation of factors of production including water. The greatest effects on major macroeconomic indicators occur in the climate change simulations. As a result of the transfer of water from rural to urban areas, overall production of all crops declines. Although production on rainfed land increases, production on irrigated land declines, most notably the production of maize and fruits. The decrease in agricultural production, coupled with the domestic price increase, is further reflected in net trade. Agricultural imports increase with a greater decline in agricultural exports
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  • 97
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    Is Accra A Superstar City? (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (30 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Buckley, Robert M Is Accra A Superstar City?
    Keywords: Adverse Effects ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Development Economics ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economics ; Elasticity ; Equations ; Gross Domestic Product ; Housing and Human Habitats ; Income ; Income Groups ; Inflation Rate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Public Sector Management and Reform ; Underestimates ; Adverse Effects ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Development Economics ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economics ; Elasticity ; Equations ; Gross Domestic Product ; Housing and Human Habitats ; Income ; Income Groups ; Inflation Rate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Public Sector Management and Reform ; Underestimates ; Adverse Effects ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Development Economics ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economics ; Elasticity ; Equations ; Gross Domestic Product ; Housing and Human Habitats ; Income ; Income Groups ; Inflation Rate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Public Sector Management and Reform ; Underestimates
    Abstract: A recent study of house price behavior in U.S. cities by Gyourko, Mayer, and Sinai (2006) raises questions about so-called superstar cities in which housing is so inelastically supplied that it becomes unaffordable, as higher-income families outbid residents. We consider the case of Accra, Ghana, in this light, estimating the elasticity of housing supply and discussing the implications for growth and income distribution. There is not a great deal of data available to examine trends in Accra, so our method is indirect. First, we use a variant of the traditional monocentric city model to calculate the elasticity of Accra's housing supply relative to those of other similarly-sized African cities. This suggests that housing supply responsiveness is much higher elsewhere. This muted supply responsiveness is consistent with the observed higher housing prices. Second, we estimate a number of traditional housing demand equations and reduced form equations. Placing a number of restrictions on the equations allows us to infer Accra's housing supply elasticity. Taken together, our approaches suggest that lower-income families in Accra have such poor housing conditions because the market is extremely unresponsive to demand. Although the outcomes we have traced-high housing prices and low quality-are not unusual relative to the other developed country superstar cities, they are extreme. The welfare costs are considerable, so much so that in addition to direct housing market effects, these policies also appear to have potentially significant implications for the achievement of more equitable growth
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  • 98
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    Land Rental Markets In The Process of Rural Structural Transformation : Productivity And Equity Impacts In China (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (31 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Deininger, Klaus Land Rental Markets In The Process of Rural Structural Transformation
    Keywords: Banks and Banking Reform ; Distribution Of Income ; Economic Theory and Research ; Employment ; Equalization ; Labor Policies ; Land Use ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Mandates ; Migration ; Moral Hazard ; Political Economy ; Productivity ; Rural Development Knowledge and Information Systems ; Social Protections and Labor ; Transaction Costs ; Urban Development ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Distribution Of Income ; Economic Theory and Research ; Employment ; Equalization ; Labor Policies ; Land Use ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Mandates ; Migration ; Moral Hazard ; Political Economy ; Productivity ; Rural Development Knowledge and Information Systems ; Social Protections and Labor ; Transaction Costs ; Urban Development ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Distribution Of Income ; Economic Theory and Research ; Employment ; Equalization ; Labor Policies ; Land Use ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Mandates ; Migration ; Moral Hazard ; Political Economy ; Productivity ; Rural Development Knowledge and Information Systems ; Social Protections and Labor ; Transaction Costs ; Urban Development
    Abstract: The importance of land rental for overall economic development has long been recognized in theory, yet empirical evidence on the productivity and equity impacts of such markets and the extent to which they realize their potential has been scant. Representative data from China's nine most important agricultural provinces illustrate the impact of rental markets on households' economic strategies and welfare, and the productivity of land use at the plot level. Although there are positive impacts in each of these dimensions, transaction costs constrain participation by many producers, thus preventing rental markets from attaining their full potential. The paper identifies factors that increase transaction costs and provides a rough estimate of the productivity and equity impacts of removing them
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  • 99
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    An Alternative Framework For Foreign Exchange Risk Management of Sovereign Debt (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (33 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Melecky, Martin An Alternative Framework For Foreign Exchange Risk Management of Sovereign Debt
    Keywords: Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Currency ; Debt Management ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange Rate ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Foreign Debt ; Foreign Exchange ; Foreign Exchange Risk ; Inflation ; Interest Rate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Risk Management ; Sovereign Debt ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Currency ; Debt Management ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange Rate ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Foreign Debt ; Foreign Exchange ; Foreign Exchange Risk ; Inflation ; Interest Rate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Risk Management ; Sovereign Debt ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Currency ; Debt Management ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange Rate ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Foreign Debt ; Foreign Exchange ; Foreign Exchange Risk ; Inflation ; Interest Rate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Risk Management ; Sovereign Debt
    Abstract: This paper proposes a measure of synchronization in the movements of relevant domestic and foreign fundamentals for choosing suitable currency for denomination of foreign debt. The selection of explanatory variables for exchange rate volatility is motivated using a New Keynesian Policy model. The model predicts that not only traditional optimal currency area variables, but also variables considered by the literature on currency preferences, such as money velocity, should be relevant for explaining exchange rate volatility. The findings show that measures of inflation synchronization, money velocity synchronization, and interest rate synchronization can be useful indicators for decisions on the currency denomination of foreign debt
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  • 100
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    Patterns of Export Diversification In Developing Countries : Intensive And Extensive Margins (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (34 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Amurgo-Pacheco, Alberto Patterns of Export Diversification In Developing Countries
    Keywords: Econometric Analysis ; Economic Structure ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Export Growth ; Exports ; Free Trade ; Free Trade ; Future Research ; GDP ; Industrialization ; International Economics & Trade ; International Trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Public Sector Development ; Trade Policy ; Underestimates ; Econometric Analysis ; Economic Structure ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Export Growth ; Exports ; Free Trade ; Free Trade ; Future Research ; GDP ; Industrialization ; International Economics & Trade ; International Trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Public Sector Development ; Trade Policy ; Underestimates ; Econometric Analysis ; Economic Structure ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Export Growth ; Exports ; Free Trade ; Free Trade ; Future Research ; GDP ; Industrialization ; International Economics & Trade ; International Trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Public Sector Development ; Trade Policy ; Underestimates
    Abstract: This paper uses highly disaggregated trade data to investigate geographic and product diversification patterns across a group of developing nations for the period from 1990 to 2005. The econometric investigation shows that the gravity equation fits the observed differences in diversification across nations. The analysis shows that exports at the intensive margin account for the most important share of overall trade growth. At the extensive margin, geographic diversification is more important than product diversification, especially for developing countries. Taking part in free trade agreements, thereby reducing trade costs, and trading with countries in the North are also found to have positive impacts on export diversification for developing countries
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