Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
Datasource
Material
Language
Years
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mind the Gap? : A Rural-Urban Comparison of Manufacturing Firms (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (51 p)
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Rijkers, Bob Mind the Gap?
    Abstract: This paper compares and contrasts the performance of rural and urban manufacturing firms in Ethiopia to assess the impact of market integration and the investment climate on firm performance. Rural firms are shown to operate in isolated markets, have poor access to infrastructure and a substantial degree of market power, whereas urban firms operate in better integrated and more competitive markets, where they have much better access to inputs. Fragmentation may also help explain why urban firms are much larger, much more capital intensive and why they produce much more output per worker. Capital intensity and labor productivity are strongly correlated with firm size. Manufacturing technology choice does not vary strongly across space and increasing returns to scale are modest at best, suggesting that rural-urban differences in output per worker are predominantly driven by differences in capital intensity and Total Factor Productivity (TFP). The average TFP of firms in rural towns is much higher than that of rural firms in remote areas, but small firms in rural towns are not significantly less productive than small firms in other urban areas. A key finding of the paper is that market fragmentation and investment climate constraints impair the growth of the rural non-farm sector. Whereas urban firms exhibit a healthy dynamism, rural firms are stagnant and lack incentives to invest. Paradoxically, limited local demand due to market fragmentation is the most pressing constraint for rural firms, even though they face more severe supply-side constraints than urban firms. Promoting market towns in Ethiopia might be an effective means of capitalizing on the gains from market integration
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-4946
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Gender and Rural Non-Farm Entrepreneurship (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p)
    Edition: 2012 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Bob Rijkers Gender and Rural Non-Farm Entrepreneurship
    Abstract: Despite their increasing prominence in policy debates, little is known about gender inequities in non-agricultural labor market outcomes in rural areas. Using matched household-enterprise-community data sets from Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Indonesia and Sri Lanka, this paper documents and analyzes gender differences in the individual portfolio choice and productivity of non-farm entrepreneurship. Except for Ethiopia, women are less likely than men to become nonfarm entrepreneurs. Women's nonfarm entrepreneurship isn't strongly correlated with household composition or educational attainment, but is especially prevalent amongst women who are the head of their household. Female-led firms are much smaller and less productive on average, though gender differences in productivity vary dramatically across countries. Mean differences in log output per worker suggest that male firms are roughly 10 times as productive as female firms in Bangladesh, three times as those in Ethiopia and twice as those in Sri Lanka. By contrast, no significant differences in labor productivity were detected in Indonesia. Differences in output per worker are overwhelmingly accounted for by sorting by sector and size. They can't be explained by differences in capital intensity, human capital or the local investment climate, nor by increasing returns to scale
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6066
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    All in the Family : State Capture in Tunisia (2014)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (48 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Rijkers, Bob All in the Family
    Abstract: This paper examines the relationship between regulation and the business interests of President Ben Ali and his family, using firm-level data from Tunisia for 1994-2010. Data on investment regulations are merged with balance sheet and firm-level census data in which 220 firms owned by the Ben Ali family are identified. These connected firms outperform their competitors in terms of employment, output, market share, profits, and growth and sectors in which they are active are disproportionately subject to authorization requirements and restriction on foreign direct investment. Consistent with theories of capture, performance differences between connected firms and their peers are significantly larger in highly regulated sectors. In addition, the introduction of new foreign direct investment restrictions and authorization requirements in narrowly defined five-digit sectors is correlated with the presence of connected firms and with their startup, suggesting that regulation is endogenous to state capture. The evidence implies that Tunisia's industrial policy was used as a vehicle for rent creation for the president and his family
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6810
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Réseaux politiques et fraude douanière : Données tirées de l'expérience tunisienne (2015)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rijkers, Bob Réseaux politiques et fraude douanière: Données tirées de l'expérience tunisienne
    Abstract: Les entreprises liées de très près au pouvoir politique sont-elle plus susceptibles d'échapper à l'impôt ? Ce document présente des éléments tendant à indiquer que les entreprises appartenant au président Ben Ali et sa famille étaient plus susceptibles d'échapper aux droits d'importation. Pendant le règne de Ben Ali, les écarts dus à la fraude, définis comme la différence entre la valeur des exportations vers la Tunisie déclarées par les pays partenaires et la valeur des importations déclarées aux douanes tunisiennes, étaient corrélées à la part des importations des entreprises ayant des liens avec le pouvoir politique. Cette association était particulièrement forte en ce qui concerne les marchandises soumises à des droits tarifaires élevés et s'expliquait par la sous-déclaration des prix unitaires, qui a connu une diminution après la révolution. Conformément à ces tendances observées au niveau des produits, les prix unitaires déclarés par les entreprises ayant des relations avec le pouvoir politique étaient inférieurs à ceux déclarés par d'autres entreprises, et ont diminué plus vite par rapport à l'augmentation des droits tarifaires que ceux des autres entreprises. En outre, la privatisation des entreprises au profit de la famille Ben Ali était associée à une réduction des prix unitaires déclarés, tandis que la privatisation en soi ne l'était pas
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7336
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Who Benefits From Promoting Small And Medium Scale Enterprises? : Some Empirical Evidence From Ethiopia (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (28 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Rijkers, Bob Who Benefits From Promoting Small And Medium Scale Enterprises?
    Keywords: Access to Finance ; Active labor ; Active labor market ; Active labor market programs ; Economic Theory & Research ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Job creation ; Jobs ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Labor intensity ; Labor market ; Microfinance ; Self-employment assistance ; Social Protections and Labor ; Unemployment ; Workers ; Access to Finance ; Active labor ; Active labor market ; Active labor market programs ; Economic Theory & Research ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Job creation ; Jobs ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Labor intensity ; Labor market ; Microfinance ; Self-employment assistance ; Social Protections and Labor ; Unemployment ; Workers ; Access to Finance ; Active labor ; Active labor market ; Active labor market programs ; Economic Theory & Research ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Job creation ; Jobs ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Labor intensity ; Labor market ; Microfinance ; Self-employment assistance ; Social Protections and Labor ; Unemployment ; Workers
    Abstract: The Addis Ababa Integrated Housing Development Program aims to tackle the housing shortage and unemployment that prevail in Addis Ababa by deploying and supporting small and medium scale enterprises to construct low-cost housing using technologies novel for Ethiopia. The motivation for such support is predicated on the view that small firms create more jobs per unit of investment by virtue of being more labor intensive and that the jobs so created are concentrated among the low-skilled and hence the poor. To assess whether the program has succeeded in biasing technology adoption in favor of labor and thereby contributed to poverty reduction, the impact of the program on technology usage, labor intensity, and earnings is investigated using a unique matched workers-firms dataset, the Addis Ababa Construction Enterprise Survey. The data are representative of all registered construction firms in Addis and were collected specifically for the purpose of analyzing the impact of the program. The authors find that program firms do not adopt different technologies and are not more labor intensive than non-program firms. There is an earnings premium for program participants, who tend to be relatively well-educated, which is heterogeneous and highest for those at the bottom of the earnings distribution
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Which Firms Create the Most Jobs in Developing Countries? : Evidence from Tunisia (2014)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Rijkers, Bob Which Firms Create the Most Jobs in Developing Countries?
    Abstract: This paper examines private sector job creation in Tunisia over the period 1996-2010 using a unique database containing information on all registered private enterprises, including self-employment. In spite of stable growth of gross domestic product, overall net job creation was disappointing and firm dynamics were sluggish. The firm size distribution has remained skewed toward small firms, because of stagnation of incumbents and entrants starting small, typically as one-person firms (self-employment). Churning is limited, especially among large firms, and few firms manage to grow. Post-entry, small firms are the worst performers for job creation, even if they survive. Moreover, the association between productivity, profitability, and job creation is feeble, pointing towards weaknesses in the re-allocative process. Weak net job creation thus appears to be due to insufficient firm dynamism rather than excessive job destruction
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Protectionism and Gender Inequality in Developing Countries (2021)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (38 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Print Version: Artuc, Erhan Protectionism and Gender Inequality in Developing Countries
    Keywords: Gender ; Gender and Development ; Gender and Economics ; Gender Inequality ; Globalization ; Globalization and Financial Integration ; International Economics and Trade ; International Trade ; International Trade and Trade Rules ; Poverty ; Tariffs ; Trade Policy
    Abstract: How do tariffs impact gender inequality? Using harmonized household survey and tariff data from 54 low- and middle-income countries, this paper shows that protectionism has an anti-female bias. On average, tariffs repress the real incomes of female headed households by 0.6 percentage points relative to that of male headed ones. Female headed households bear the brunt of tariffs because they derive a smaller share of their income from and spend a larger share of their budget on agricultural products, which are usually subject to high tariffs in developing countries. Consistent with this explanation, the anti-female bias is stronger in countries where female-headed households are underrepresented in agricultural production, are more reliant on remittances, and spend a larger share of their budgets on food than male-headed ones
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9750
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Corruption in Customs (2021)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (93 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Print Version: Chalendard, Cyril Corruption in Customs
    Keywords: Corruption ; Customs ; International Economics and Trade ; Law and Development ; Public Sector Development ; Tariff Evasion ; Tax Enforcement ; Trade Law ; Trade Policy
    Abstract: This paper presents a new methodology to detect corruption in customs and applies it to Madagascar's main portrait Manipulation of assignment of import declarations to inspectors is identified by measuring deviations from random assignment prescribed by official rules. Deviant declarations are more at risk of tax evasion, yet less likely to be deemed fraudulent by inspectors, who also clear them faster. An intervention in which inspector assignment was delegated to a third party validates the approach, but also triggered a novel manifestation of manipulation that rejuvenated systemic corruption. Tax revenue losses associated with the corruption scheme are approximately 3 percent of total taxes collected and highly concentrated among a select few inspectors and brokers
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9802
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Which Jobs Are Most Vulnerable to COVID-19? : What an Analysis of the European Union Reveals (2020)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Abstract: This Research and Policy Brief presents measures of labor market exposure to COVID-19 (coronavirus)in the European Union (EU) by identifying jobs in non-essential industries that cannot be performed from home. Jobs most at risk account for 30 percent of all EU employment. These jobs are concentrated in lagging regions; tend to be low paid and less secure; and are disproportionately held by young, poorly educated workers and migrants. In the absence of urgent large-scale remedial action, the COVID-19 (coronavirus) is likely to exacerbate preexisting socioeconomic and regional disparities
    DOI: 10.1596/33737
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transnational Terrorism and the Internet (2021)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (31 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Do, Quy-Toan Transnational Terrorism and the Internet
    Keywords: Conflict and Development ; Daesh Recruitment ; ICT Applications ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Information Technology ; International Terrorism and Counterterrorism ; Internet ; Islamic State ; Social Media ; Transnational Terrorism
    Abstract: Does the internet enable the recruitment of transnational terrorists Using geo-referenced population census data and personnel records from the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant-a highly tech-savvy terrorist organization-this paper shows that internet access has facilitated the organization's recruitment of foreign fighters from Tunisia. The positive association between internet access and Daesh recruitment is robust to controlling for a large set of observable and unobservable confounders as well as instrumenting internet access rates with the incidence of lightning strikes
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9885
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...