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  • 2005-2009  (687)
  • 2000-2004
  • 2005  (687)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (687)
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  • 2005-2009  (687)
  • 2000-2004
Year
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Keywords
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi/Ageing and Employment Policies : France 2005 (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264008472
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Series Statement: Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi/Ageing and Employment Policies
    Series Statement: Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi; France 2005
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi: France 2005
    DDC: 305
    RVK:
    QG 420
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; France ; Frankreich ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Beschäftigungspolitik ; Anreizsystem ; Rentenversicherung
    Abstract: Pour faire face au vieillissement rapide de la population, il est nécessaire de promouvoir de meilleures opportunités d'emploi pour les travailleurs âgés. On a déjà beaucoup fait état du besoin de réformer les régimes de pension de retraite et de préretraite. Pourtant, cela ne sera sans doute pas suffisant en soi pour relever significativement les taux d'emploi des plus âgés ni pour réduire le risque futur de pénurie de travailleurs. Les autorités publiques et les entreprises doivent sans tarder prendre des mesures pour adapter la fixation des salaires à une main-d'œuvre plus âgée, pour s'attaquer aux discriminations du fait de l'âge et pour améliorer les qualifications et les conditions de travail des travailleurs âgés. Un changement d'attitude s'impose aussi de la part des individus quant au travail à un âge plus tardif et à l'acquisition de nouvelles compétences. On sait relativement peu de choses sur ce que les différents pays de l'OCDE sont en train de faire ou devraient faire dans ces domaines. Afin d'y remédier, l'OCDE a lancé une série de rapports dans une vingtaine de pays, dont la France. Chaque rapport national fait le tour des principales barrières qui existent concernant l'emploi des travailleurs âgés, évalue la pertinence et l'efficacité des mesures existantes pour contrer ces barrières et présente une série de recommandations sur les politiques que les autorités publiques et les partenaires sociaux devraient mener. La version anglaise du résumé et des principales recommandations a été incluse dans ce volume. Dans la même série : Belgique Czech Republic Finland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Norway Spain Suisse Sweden United Kingdom
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264008472-fr
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Perspectives des communications de l'OCDE 2005 (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264009530
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 2005
    DOI: 10.1787/comms_outlook-2005-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trends in International Migration : SOPEMI (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Edition: Edition 2004
    Keywords: Internationale Migration
    URL: Volltext
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Les pensions dans les pays de l'OCDE : Panorama des politiques publiques (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264006997
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 2005
    DOI: 10.1787/pension_glance-2005-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Building Competitive Regions: Strategies and Governance (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264009479
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (142 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Building competitive regions
    DDC: 338.604809177
    RVK:
    RB 10660
    Keywords: Wettbewerb ; Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Wirtschaftsraum ; OECD-Staaten ; Competition ; Economic development ; Regional economics ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Wirtschaftsraum ; Wettbewerb
    Abstract: In recent years, the main focus of territorial policy has been on sustaining growth, not only to address relative decline, but also to make regions more competitive. Putting this in practice is complicated because different regions have different characteristics (urban, intermediate, industrial, rural, etc.), which imply specific policy and investment needs. This report assesses the strategies pursued by OECD member governments to address the competitiveness of regional economies and the accompanying governance mechanisms on which the implementation of these strategies rests. The report is principally based on findings from the series of reviews undertaken by the OECD Territorial Development Policy Committee at national and regional levels.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264009479-en
    URL: Volltext
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Rentabilité des banques : Notes méthodologiques par pays (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264011175
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 2004
    Keywords: Mitgliedsstaaten ; Bank ; Wirtschaftlichkeit
    DOI: 10.1787/bank_country-2004-fr
    URL: Volltext
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Technologies de la santé et prise de décision (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264108394
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Series Statement: Le projet de l'OCDE sur la santé
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Health Technologies and Decision Making
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Medizintechnik ; Entscheidungsprozess
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage analyse les facteurs qui entravent ou au contraire facilitent la prise de décision fondée sur des données d’observation dans les systèmes de santé des pays de l'OCDE. L'ouvrage étudie comment les pays peuvent maîtriser les opportunités et les défis associés aux technologies dans le domaine de la santé. Il s’agit notamment d’optimiser la prise de décision, de reconnaître la valeur de l’innovation, de gérer l’incertitude, ou encore de promouvoir et de coordonner l’évaluation de ces technologies. Enfin, cette publication examine également la capacité des systèmes de santé à faire face aux défis particuliers que pose l’envolée des biotechnologies dans le domaine de la santé.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264108394-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Institutional Change and Its Impact on the Poor and Excluded : The Indian Decentralisation Experience (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 72 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.242
    Keywords: Development ; India
    Abstract: This study analyses the impact of democratic decentralisation on the chances of socially excluded groups to participate in newly created local governance institutions – Panchayati Raj Institutions – in three Indian states. This institutional reform included a quota for the disadvantaged – women and lower castes – to ensure their effective participation. The comparative analysis on the determinants of participation of these groups and the poor vis-à-vis other groups across the states of Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Madhya Pradesh yields highly interesting results, relevant beyond the Indian context. First, the outcomes of decentralisation on participation are different across states and between different marginalised groups. While in Kerala socially disadvantaged groups and the poor are represented more than other groups at the Panchayat level, in Tamil Nadu and Madhya Pradesh the socially disadvantaged groups are as represented as the others whereas the poor continue to be largely ...
    DOI: 10.1787/855711082322
    URL: Volltext
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Les critères de fond utilisés pour l'évaluation des fusions (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence Vol. 6, no. 3, p. 95-205
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3452
    Language: French
    Pages: 110 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Substantive Criteria Used for the Assessment of Mergers
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 3, p. 95-205
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Pour décider si une fusion doit être bloquée, soumise à conditions ou approuvée, trois types de critères de base sont appliqués: i) un critère de position dominante (la fusion créera-t-elle ou renforcerat- elle une position dominante?) ; ii) un critère RSC (la fusion engendrera-t-elle une réduction sensible de la concurrence ?), iii) ou un critère d’intérêt public (la fusion aura-t-elle un effet...
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v6-art7-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    La gestion de l'aide : Pratiques des pays membres du CAD (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264007642
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices et ouvrages de référence du CAD
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Managing Aid; Practices of DAC Member Countries
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Managing Aid: Practices of DAC Member Countries
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Les membres du Comité d’aide au développement (CAD) de l’OCDE consacrent chaque année près de 70 milliards USD à l’aide extérieure (la coopération pour le développement). Comment gérer au mieux cette aide ? Tel est le thème de la présente étude qui analyse les structures et les pratiques organisationnelles de 22 des principaux pays donneurs du monde.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264007642-fr
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Business Cycle Indexes : Does a Heap of Data Help? (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis Vol. 2004, no. 3, p. 309-336
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2899
    Language: English
    Pages: 28 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 3, p. 309-336
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Business cycle indexes are used to get a timely and frequent description of the state of the economy and its likely development in the near future. This paper discusses two methods for constructing business cycle indexes, the traditional NBER method and a recently developed dynamic factor model, and compares these methods for the euro area. The results suggest that a reliable index can be constructed from a limited number of series that are selected using economic logic. We next decompose this index to identify variables that seem to be driving the euro area cycle.Business cycle indexes are used to get a timely and frequent description of the state of the economy and its likely development in the near future. This paper discusses two methods for constructing business cycle indexes, the traditional NBER method and a recently developed dynamic factor model, and compares these methods for the euro area. The results suggest that a reliable index can be constructed from a limited number of series that are selected using economic logic. We next decompose this index to identify variables that seem to be driving the euro area cycle. This analysis reveals important differences across countries in these driving variables.
    DOI: 10.1787/jbcma-v2004-art17-en
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    L' école nationale irlandaise de navigation (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 3 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Échanges, Programme pour la construction et l'équipement de l'éducation no.2005/07
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The National Maritime College of Ireland
    Keywords: Education ; Ireland
    Abstract: La nouvelle École nationale irlandaise de navigation (National Maritime College) est considérée comme la plus intéressante et la plus innovante réalisation du pays dans le domaine de la formation et de l’éducation maritime et le premier établissement d’enseignement tertiaire à être construit et exploité sous le régime du modèle d’approvisionnement en « partenariat public-privé » (PPP) du gouvernement. Le projet est issu d’un partenariat entre l’Institut de technologie de Cork (Cork Institute of Technology) et la Marine nationale irlandaise (Irish Naval Service) pour la formation maritime. L’agencement de l’école rappelle que l’enseignement dispensé concerne la mer, tandis que ses installations lui permettent de répondre aux dernières exigences en matière d’éducation dans ce domaine. L’école de Ringaskiddy (Comté de Cork) a ouvert ses portes le 11 octobre 2004.
    DOI: 10.1787/555435456627
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Assessing the Impact of Higher Education on Regional Development : Using a Realist Approach for Policy Enhancement (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 3, p. 35-52
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Évaluation de l'incidence de l'enseignement supérieur sur le développement régional : Une approche réaliste de meilleures politiques
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 3, p. 35-52
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Higher Education is widely seen as a crucial ingredient in the regional economic development mix, and as fundamental to the development of the knowledge economy (Barclays, 2002). Indeed the Higher Education Funding Council for England has issued broad guidelines for benchmarking good practice in assessing regional development contribution of a higher education institution (HEFCE, 2002). However, there is a dichotomy between the view of higher education as an investment in regional development, and the common evaluative practice of simply assessing the cash-flow consequences of individual institutions. In contrast to the volume of standard impact assessments, there has been relatively little work that seeks to systematically evaluate the effect of higher education on regional development, or indeed to estimate either its net public purse impacts or its export value. This article draws on recent studies to seek to develop a realist evaluation framework that can provide the evidence-base to enhance both the higher education/regional development relationship, and policy making initiatives for the sector.
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art22-en
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  • 14
    Online Resource
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    Tackling Nurse Shortages in OECD Countries (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 59 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.19
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: There are reports of current nurse shortages in all but a few OECD countries. With further increases in demand for nurses expected and nurse workforce ageing predicted to reduce the supply of nurses, shortages are likely to persist or even increase in the future, unless action is taken to increase flows into and reduce flows out of the workforce or to raise the productivity of nurses. This paper analyses shortages of nurses in OECD countries. It defines and describes evidence on current nurse shortages, and analyses international variability in nurse employment. Additionally, a number of demand and supply factors that are likely to influence the existence and extent of any future nurse shortages are examined. In order to resolve nurse shortages, the paper compares and evaluates policy levers that decision makers can use to increase flows of nurses into the workforce, reduce flows out of the workforce, and improve nurse retention rates. Although delayed market response may have been ...
    DOI: 10.1787/172102620474
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  • 15
    Online Resource
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    Corporate Pension Fund Liabilities and Funding Gaps (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 69-113
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 50 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 69-113
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The fixed nature of pension benefits under corporate defined benefit (DB) pension plans imply that plan sponsors face financial and potentially biometric risks. A large number of OECD countries have such DB pension schemes, whereby employees receive a specific payment upon retirement and for which sponsoring employers are responsible to some extent for meeting any shortfall in pension funding relative to liabilities, although, across countries, these schemes vary in importance. Recent financial market developments, including in particular the post-2000 equity market correction and declining interest rates have illustrated the vulnerability of DB plan sponsor companies to financial risks. While it is difficult to form a judgement about the exact magnitude of the funding gaps that have arisen, estimates of such gaps were considered to be of sufficiently large scale to raise concern amongst policymakers. Policy responses run the gamut from relief measures intended to lessen temporarily the financial pressures on sponsoring...
    DOI: 10.1787/fmt-v2005-art3-en
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    'Joinedupdesignforschools' in the United Kingdom (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 5 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Exchange, Programme on Educational Building no.2005/05
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. 'Joinupdesignforschools' au Royaume-Uni
    Keywords: Education ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: Joinedupdesignforschools explores how good design can improve the quality of life in schools by listening to the voices of the clients: pupils. The programme is an initiative in the United Kingdom that joins client teams of pupils with the country’s leading design practices to provide solutions for practical improvements in schools, to highlight the benefits of a close partnership between the design industry and schools, and to develop pupils’ life skills.
    DOI: 10.1787/574227835500
    URL: Volltext
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Assessing the OECD Jobs Strategy : Past Developments and Reforms (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 73 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.429
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: In 1994, the OECD published a set of recommendations -- known as the OECD Jobs Strategy -- to deal with high and persistent unemployment that affected many member countries. These recommendations are currently being reassessed by the OECD and this paper contributes to this process. It provides a detailed description of labour market reforms in member countries over the past ten years, together with a short overview of changes in macroeconomic policies and reforms affecting product markets. It attempts to rank countries according with their past reform efforts, using an aggregate reform intensity indicator, and analyses the link, though in a very preliminary way, between reforms and labour market performance. Overall, there is little evidence of a link between initial conditions and subsequent reform efforts, with some countries taking only modest measures despite a poor starting point, while others carrying out ambitious programs even though their initial conditions were already relatively favourable. Over the past decade, member countries have employed very diverse reform strategies, from comprehensive reforms package (Denmark, Finland and the Netherlands) -- as recommended in the initial Jobs Strategy -- to reforms more narrowly targeted on specific fields where deep action was undertaken (France, Italy, the United Kingdom and Ireland). The intensity of reforms has differed markedly across policy fields, with more action being undertaken in areas that are more widely accepted by the population, such as active labour market policies and cuts of labour taxes. Please note that annexes are available on the Economics Department Website at: www.oecd.org/eco/Working_Papers.
    DOI: 10.1787/673876504152
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  • 18
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    L' assurance maladie privée dans les pays en développement : une solution pour les pauvres ? (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 6 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Centre de développement de l'OCDE - Repères no.11
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Private Health Insurance for the Poor in Developing Countries?
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Le financement des soins de santé est un défi majeur pour les pays en développement, avant tout parce que ce sont les plus pauvres qui pâtissent des déficiences des systèmes de santé nationaux. Les mécanismes financiers novateurs, tels que l’assurance maladie privée, comportent à la fois des bénéfices et des risques. Leur mise en place demande une grande prudence de la part des décideurs, qui doivent réfléchir à une réglementation adaptée afin d’optimiser leurs conséquences bénéfiques en matière de santé.
    DOI: 10.1787/007634044873
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  • 19
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    Renforcer la capacité de recherche et de transfert de savoir des universités : Les instruments politiques employés par les pouvoirs publics (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur Vol. 17, no. 2, p. 85-101
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3592
    Language: French
    Pages: 19 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Political Instruments Employed by Governments to Enhance University Research and Knowledge Transfer Capacity
    Titel der Quelle: Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 17, no. 2, p. 85-101
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Les gouvernements des pays développés utilisent une gamme étendue d’outils politiques pour favoriser la recherche universitaire et les transferts de savoir. Parmi ces outils on trouve notamment la sensibilisation, la persuasion et l’information ; la consultation et les comités d’enquête, la création de grands pôles de recherche et d’organismes de commercialisation, et l’investissement en infrastructures dédiés à la recherche ; bourses ; subventions et autres aides financières ; législation et régulation. Cependant, l'information, est relativement limitée en ce qui concerne les outils politiques qui produisent les meilleurs résultats, le contexte dans lequel ils produisent ces résultats, et on ignore pourquoi certains outils sont choisis plutôt que d’autres. Par ailleurs, on ne sait pas très bien qui sont les principaux bénéficiaires des différents programmes, ni dans quelle mesure la prolifération de programmes, souvent associés à une multiplicité d’agences entraîne des dédoublements et des inefficacités et va à l’encontre des priorités établies par les gouvernements en matière de R-D de recherche et développement.
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v17-art12-fr
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  • 20
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    The Impact of Ageing on Demand, Factor Markets and Growth (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 101 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.420
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper examines the channels through which ageing will shape the main economic factors that in turn affect potential growth; identifies current policy settings that may in fact amplify the adverse impact of demographic trends; and sets out policy reforms that will work to temper the effects of ageing on growth. The paper begins with a brief discussion of demographic issues. The analysis first focuses on the impact of these trends on the future level and structure of consumption, which may affect aggregate saving and the structure of the economy, respectively. Then, it explores the main channels through which ageing affects the supply side of the economy following a production function approach: capital markets, labour markets and productivity. The empirical analysis focuses on a subset of large OECD countries with differing ageing patterns and generosity of pension systems. Using a simple general equilibrium overlapping generations model and considering alternative reform scenarios, some illustrative simulations are presented decomposing the effects of ageing on potential GDP per capita growth and economic convergence within OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/545827207132
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  • 21
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    Le paradoxe de la productivité : L'apport des micro-données (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 41-73
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 46 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The ICT Productivity Paradox: Insights from Micro Data
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 41-73
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: L’analyse économétrique de la croissance économique et de la productivité distingue en général trois effets des technologies de l’information et des communications (TIC). Premièrement, l’investissement dans les TIC contribue à accroître le stock de capital et améliore donc la productivité du travail. Deuxièmement, le progrès technologique rapide dans la production de biens et services des TIC peut contribuer à faire progresser l’efficience du capital et du travail, ou la productivité multifactorielle (PMF), dans le secteur producteur de TIC. Et troisièmement, une plus large utilisation des TIC dans l’ensemble de l’économie peut aider les...
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-v2004-art3-fr
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  • 22
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    The ICT Productivity Paradox : Insights from Micro Data (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: economic studies Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 37-65
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2856
    Language: English
    Pages: 41 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le paradoxe de la productivité : L'apport des micro-données
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: economic studies
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 37-65
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Empirical analysis of the economic impacts of information and communications technology (ICT) has followed three main tracks, namely analysis with aggregate data on ICT investment, with data on ICTproducing and ICT-using industries, and with firm-level data. Firm-level data point to factors influencing the impacts of ICT that cannot be observed at the aggregate level, e.g. organisational factors or the availability of skills. Firm-level data can also point to competitive effects that may accompany the spread...
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-v2004-art3-en
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  • 23
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    Consumer Direction and Choice in Long-Term Care for Older Persons, Including Payments for Informal Care : How Can it Help Improve Care Outcomes, Employment and Fiscal Sustainability? (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 51 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.20
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: As the number of older persons in need of long-term care increases, efforts to support older persons remaining in their home are intensified in most OECD countries. In this context of ageing in place, there is a movement towards allowing more individual choice for older persons receiving publicly funded long-term care at home. Having more flexibility in terms of how to receive care can increase the older person’s self-determination and that of his/her informal care givers. Having a choice among alternative care providers can empower older persons as consumers and may help strengthen the role of households in the care-management process. Choice can also help address quality aspects that are difficult to quantify but easy to experience for users, such as the personal interaction between the older person and the care giver.
    DOI: 10.1787/616882407515
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  • 24
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    Renforcer le rôle économique des femmes dans les pays en développement : Pour le changement des institutions sociales (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 31 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Cahiers de politique économique du Centre de Développement de l'OCDE no.27
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Changing Social Institutions to Improve the Status of Women in Developing Countries
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: . Des institutions sociales profondément enracinées – normes, codes de conduite, lois et traditions – entraînent une discrimination entre les sexes. . La religion n’est pas systématiquement le vecteur d’une telle discrimination. Toutes les religions dominantes font preuve de flexibilité dans l’interprétation du rôle des femmes dans la société. . Les Objectifs du Millénaire pour le développement plaident pour le changement des institutions sociales discriminatoires, en complément des sept priorités stratégiques identifiées par l’équipe de travail des Nations unies sur l’éducation et l’égalité des sexes. . Les bailleurs de fonds doivent redéfinir leurs stratégies, pour s’attacher simultanément non seulement à améliorer les compétences et les capacités des femmes mais aussi à surmonter la résistance des hommes vis-à-vis des réformes en faveur de l’égalité des sexes.
    DOI: 10.1787/507745543748
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  • 25
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    Conflict of Interest Policies and Practices in Nine EU Member States : A Comparative Review (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 41 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Sigma Papers no.36
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This paper was prepared by Sigma, upon the request of the Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic, to serve as a basic comparative working document for the preparation of a new policy and regulation on conflict of interest in the Czech public sector. Given its generalist orientation, the paper could also be useful for other countries carrying out specific reforms in the area of conflict of interest and general reforms related to anti-corruption policies and instruments. This paper provides descriptive data and an analytical overview of approaches to managing conflicts of interest in the public sector of nine European countries — six “old” EU members (France, Germany, Italy, Portugal, Spain and the United Kingdom) and three “new” EU members (Hungary, Latvia and Poland). The paper also provides some conclusions that are worth taking into account when reforming policies and instruments to improve regulations and practices on conflict of interest.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kml60r7g5zq-en
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  • 26
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    Managing Relations with Industry : The Case of Brazilian Universities (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 17, no. 2, p. 127-137
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 13 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La gestion des relations avec l'industrie : Le cas des universités brésiliennes
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 17, no. 2, p. 127-137
    Keywords: Education ; Brazil
    Abstract: For a long time, university-business relations were a matter of individual, informal and intermittent contacts. Once the innovation process picked up speed, businesses began asking more from universities (longer-term co-operative research, for example), and governments placed university-business interaction at the centre of their innovation strategies, with the universities having to organise interface structures as well as developing internal standards for the agendas of teachers-researchers, industrial property, etc. In Brazil, universities started to do this during the 1990s. The Brazilian experience shows that the success of interface structures depends not only on the national innovation policy but above all on the conditions specific to each establishment. This article discusses the results of three surveys conducted by the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul concerning the technology transfer and intellectual property offices of Brazilian universities, and is set out as follows: 1) the background to university-business relations in Brazil; 2) the characteristics, strong points and weaknesses of university offices, based on their development over the last decade; and 3) benchmarks for the development of internal strategies.
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v17-art15-en
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  • 27
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    OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 Edition (Japanese version) (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264064942
    Language: Japanese
    Pages: Online-Ressource (55 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principes de gouvernement d'entreprise de l'OCDE 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Arabic version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD-Grundsätze der Corporate Governance 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principios de Gobierno Corporativo de la OCDE 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Os Princípios da OCDE sobre o Governo das Sociedades 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Slovenian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Serbian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Chinese version)
    RVK:
    QP 341
    Keywords: Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: OECDコーポレートガバナンス原則は、1999年の発行以来、有効なコーポレートガバナンスの国際的ベンチマークとして世界で認知されてきた。OECDコーポレートガバナンス原則は、OECD加盟国・非加盟国を問わず、政府、規制当局、投資家、企業など多様なステークホルダーに活用され、金融安定化フォーラムで健全な金融システムのための12の主要なコードのひとつに挙げられている。この改訂版は1999年以降のコーポレートガバナンスをとりまく状況の変化を反映し、いくつかの重要な修正を含んでいる。
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264064942-ja
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  • 28
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    La démocratie et l'éducation universitaire au Nigéria : Quelques considérations d'ordre constitutionnel (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur Vol. 16, no. 3, p. 139-152
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3592
    Language: French
    Pages: 17 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Democracy and University Education in Nigeria: Some Constitutional Considerations
    Titel der Quelle: Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 3, p. 139-152
    Keywords: Education ; Nigeria
    Abstract: On examine dans cet article les incidences de la quatrième Constitution républicaine sur l’éducation universitaire au Nigeria. On y étudie plus précisément les dispositions relatives à l’éducation contenues dans la nouvelle Constitution démocratique du Nigeria et le retentissement qu’elles semblent appelées à avoir sur la planification et l’administration de l’éducation universitaire au cours de la période post-militaire. On y fait valoir que la démocratie naissante fait d’une gouvernance démocratique des universités un impératif absolu.
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art26-fr
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  • 29
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    Out-of-sample Performance of Leading Indicators for the German Business Cycle : Single vs. Combined Forecasts (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 71-87
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2899
    Language: English
    Pages: 17 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 71-87
    Keywords: Economics ; Germany
    Abstract: In this paper the forecasting performance of popular leading indicators for the German business cycle is investigated. Survey based indicators (ifo business climate, ZEW index of economic sentiment) and composite leading indicators (Handelsblatt, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Commerzbank) are considered. The analysis points to a significant relationship of the indicators to the business cycle within the sample period, as measured by the direction of causality. But, their out-of-sample forecasts do not improve the autoregressive benchmark. This result may be caused by structural breaks in the out-of-sample period. As combinations of forecasts tend to be more robust against such shifts, pooled forecasts are constructed using different methods of aggregation, including linear combinations of forecasts and common factor models. In contrast to the single indicator approach, the combined indicator forecasts are able to beat the benchmark at each forecasting horizon. Therefore, the analysis points to the usefulness of pooling information in order to get more reliable forecasts.
    DOI: 10.1787/jbcma-2005-5km7v183qs0v
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  • 30
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    La gouvernance d'entreprise : un défi pour le développement (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 4 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Centre de développement de l'OCDE - Repères no.3
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Corporate Governance: A Development Challenge
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Ce repère explique pourquoi la qualité de la gouvernance locale d’entreprise est cruciale pour la réussite des efforts de développement à long terme.
    DOI: 10.1787/015053625152
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  • 31
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    Atteindre l'excellence dans le travail des institutions supérieures de contrôle (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (91 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Documents SIGMA no.34
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Achieving High Quality in the Work of Supreme Audit Institutions
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Ce document, qui s'interroge sur la façon d'atteindre l'excellence dans le processus de contrôle, découle d'un rapport sur le contrôle qualité des audits ainsi que d'un ensemble de directives consécutives sur la qualité des audits, tous deux préparés sur demande des Présidents des Institutions supérieures de contrôle (ISC) des pays de l'Europe centrale et orientale, de Chypre, de Malte et la Turquie et de la Cour des comptes européenne. En raison de l'importance du sujet, SIGMA a préparé ce document en vue de le diffuser auprès d'un large public.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k40hts6rqtc-fr
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  • 32
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    Convergence in Higher Education : The Strange Case of “Entrepreneurialism” (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 17, no. 3, p. 51-64 | volume:17 | year:2005 | number:3 | pages:51-64
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Convergence dans l'enseignement supérieur : L'étrange affaire de « l'esprit d'entreprise »
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 17, no. 3, p. 51-64
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:17
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2005
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:51-64
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Prima facie, in the context of higher education, “entrepreneurialism” offers an example of globalisation: the idea presages a sense of systems of higher education converging across the world. However, entrepreneurialism is not undifferentiated but is to be found in different modes. Various axes identified in the paper offer spectra of entrepreneurialism and two are picked out for close inspection: these are, on the one hand, hard-soft forms of entrepreneurialism; and, on the other hand, forms of entrepreneurialism that are set in the context of strong states or strong markets. Set against each other, these two axes produce a grid that depicts four forms of entrepreneurialism: civic; hesitant; unbridled; and curtailed. These forms of entrepreneurialism can be understood as making possible or limiting alternative modes of knowledge travel. Accordingly, it may be judged that, far from heralding convergence, entrepreneurialism turns out to be a metaphor for differences of academic identity and even of academic being. These differences are so profound that they point to value choices as to the desirable forms of academic life itself.
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v17-art18-en
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  • 33
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    What makes Universities Unique? : Updating the Ideal for an Entrepreneurial Age (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 17, no. 3, p. 27-49 | volume:17 | year:2005 | number:3 | pages:27-49
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (25 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Qu'est-ce qui fait la spécificité des universités? : Le point sur l'idéal d'une époque entrepreneuriale
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 17, no. 3, p. 27-49
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:17
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2005
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:27-49
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This paper defends the idea that universities manufacture knowledge as a public good through the “creative destruction” of social capital. The idea is presented as contemporary restatement of the Humboldtian ideal of the unity of research and teaching: Research “creates” (i.e. concentrates) social capital, which is then “destroyed” (i.e. distributed) through teaching. The defense is made against recent attacks to the integrity of the university as an institution associated with postmodernism and the so-called “new production of knowledge”, which would evaluate universities by client-led performance indicators. The emergence of such indicators is considered and critiqued, followed by some constructive suggestions for indicators specifically designed to measure qualities at which universities uniquely excel.
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v17-art17-en
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  • 34
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    Aperçu général du contexte des politiques nationales favorisant l'entrepreneuriat dans les établissements d'enseignement supérieur (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur Vol. 17, no. 3, p. 133-151 | volume:17 | year:2005 | number:3 | pages:133-151
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (21 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Overview of National Policy Contexts for Entrepreneurialism in Higher Education Institutions
    Titel der Quelle: Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 17, no. 3, p. 133-151
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:17
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2005
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:133-151
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Cet article est élaboré à partir de sept rapports nationaux sur les politiques nationales concernant l’entreprenariat dans les universités en tant que contexte appelant à l’approfondissement de l’étude sur le comportement entrepreneurial dans les universités dans ces sept pays. Il est indiqué dans ce document que le terme « université entrepreneuriale » est une épithète générique utile pour décrire les nombreux changements que maintes universités européennes ont connu ces vingt dernières années dans leur mission, leur gestion et leur financement. Dans la plupart des pays, le concept d’entreprenariat universitaire est lié à la « troisième mission » qui complète les fonctions d’enseignement et de recherche universitaire que remplissent depuis longtemps les universités et les autres établissements d’enseignement supérieur. Cependant, certains gouvernements s’efforcent aussi d’encourager les universités à intégrer l’enseignement de l’entreprenariat dans au moins quelques unes de leurs formations classiques. Cinq principaux moteurs des activités entrepreneuriales dans les pays participant à l’étude European Universities for Entrepreneurship: their role in the Europe of Knowledge EUEREK sont identifiés : l’idéologie, l’accroissement du nombre des établissements, la société du savoir, la mondialisation et l’austérité financière. Dans certains pays, notamment en Europe de l’Est, le nombre des établissements d’enseignement supérieur privés a augmenté rapidement. On peut se demander si c’est un signe d’entreprenariat ou si cela signifie que les universités publiques manquent de dynamisme entrepreneurial. Le présent document se termine par une étude préliminaire des changements dans la gestion et la gouvernance des universités et collèges, dont s’accompagne l’expansion des activités entrepreneuriales et des activités constituant la troisième mission.
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v17-art21-fr
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  • 35
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    Les universités européennes et l'entrepreneuriat : Leur rôle dans l'Europe du savoir (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur Vol. 17, no. 3, p. 13-26 | volume:17 | year:2005 | number:3 | pages:13-26
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe European Universities for Entrepreneurship: Their Role in the Europe of Knowledge
    Titel der Quelle: Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 17, no. 3, p. 13-26
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:17
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2005
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:13-26
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Ce document analyse les fondements théoriques du concept d’entrepreneuriat dans les universités et la contribution qu’il peut apporter à la société du savoir. Il envisage ce concept en tant que phénomène économique et établit une distinction entre son emploi dans l’économie et dans l’enseignement supérieur. Dans l’enseignement supérieur, la mise en œuvre de cette notion peut être contestée car, dans certaines circonstances, elle peut être destructrice des valeurs universitaires. Elle peut en revanche renforcer l’autonomie institutionnelle et stimuler la recherche et l’innovation. L’entrepreneuriat rencontre des obstacles au niveau national et institutionnel et suppose une prise de risque importante. Deux aspects particuliers sont abordés : la notion d’intrapreneur universitaire et les liens entre le rôle régional accru des universités et la nature des universités entrepreneuriales.
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v17-art16-fr
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  • 36
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    Convergence dans l'enseignement supérieur : L'étrange affaire de « l'esprit d'entreprise » (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur Vol. 17, no. 3, p. 53-67 | volume:17 | year:2005 | number:3 | pages:53-67
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (17 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Convergence in Higher Education: The Strange Case of “Entrepreneurialism”
    Titel der Quelle: Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 17, no. 3, p. 53-67
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:17
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2005
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:53-67
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: De prime abord, « l’esprit d’entreprise » dans le contexte de l’enseignement supérieur semble constituer un exemple de la mondialisation : il préfigure la convergence des systèmes d’enseignement supérieur partout dans le monde. Toutefois, l’esprit d’entreprise n’est pas uniforme, on le trouve au contraire sous différents modes. Plusieurs axes, définis dans cet article, présentent un panorama des diverses formes de l’esprit d’entreprise, dont deux sont étudiées plus en détail : d’un côté, les formes amplifiée/atténuée de l’esprit d’entreprise, et, de l’autre, des formes qui s’inscrivent dans le cadre d’États ou de marchés énergiques. Mis en présence, ces deux axes forment une grille dans laquelle apparaissent quatre types d’esprit d’entreprise : civique, hésitant, débridé et restreint. On peut estimer que ces types d’esprit d’entreprise facilitent ou, à l’inverse, limitent divers modes de voyage des connaissances. Aussi peut-on penser que, loin d’annoncer la convergence, l’esprit d’entreprise apparaît comme une métaphore des différences d’identité universitaire, voire d’existence universitaire. Ces différences sont si profondes qu’elles laissent entrevoir des choix de valeurs concernant les formes souhaitables de l’université elle-même.
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v17-art18-fr
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  • 37
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    Universités entrepreneuriales et développement régional : Une conception territoriale de l'Europe du savoir (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur Vol. 17, no. 3, p. 69-97 | volume:17 | year:2005 | number:3 | pages:69-97
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (31 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Entrepreneurial Universities and the Development of Regional Societies: A Spatial View of the Europe of Knowledge
    Titel der Quelle: Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 17, no. 3, p. 69-97
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:17
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2005
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:69-97
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Cet article met en lumière un éventail d’activités entrepreneuriales et de participation régionales menées par les universités en rapport avec les questions actuelles de gouvernance et de financement. Il présente un modèle de réseau et de partenariat qui reflète les instrument, établis ou nouveaux, utilisés les pays européens. Ce modèle a pour but de trouver un équilibre entre concurrence et coopération en tenant compte de la diversité et de la stratification des systèmes d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche dans différents pays. Du point de vue régional, il paraît primordial de s’assurer que les connaissances produites dans les universités sont transmises aux entreprises et à la société, de manière à créer une interaction entre les acteurs mondiaux et locaux. L'amélioration des interactions entre les universités et l'industrie passe par l'étude des caractéristiques de la gouvernance interne et externe car parfois des forces opposées entrent en jeu. Les universités doivent réaliser que différentes institutions peuvent être complémentaires. Elles doivent également se préoccuper des meilleures réponses à donner aux exigences de viabilité et de transparence dans le cadre plus large de l’espace du savoir. Ce type de réseaux et de partenariats doit être adapté aux spécificités régionales et aux caractéristiques des institutions concernées. Cette condition est nécessaire afin de pouvoir coordonner efficacement les moyens d'action mis en œuvre en vue d'atteindre les objectifs souhaités. Alors seulement pourra s'instaurer un esprit d'entreprise et d'innovation au sein d'établissements individuels, entre établissements et entre ces derniers et leurs régions.
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v17-art19-fr
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  • 38
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    Japon : Progrès dans la mise en oeuvre de la réforme de la réglementation (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform: Japan 2004: Progress in Implementing Regulatory Reform
    Keywords: Japan ; Regulierung ; Wettbewerbspolitik
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264017184-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 39
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    Growth in Services : Fostering Employment, Productivity and Innovation (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264064577
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (23 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les Services et la croissance économique ; Emploi, productivité et innovation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les Services et la croissance économique : Emploi, productivité et innovation
    Keywords: Employment ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: At its meeting in May 2003, the Ministerial Council asked the OECD to analyse the contribution made by the services sector to employment growth, productivity and innovation, and to identify factors, institutions and policies that could enhance the growth prospects of this sector. In response to this request, the OECD launched a cross-Directorate study. This report draws the main policy conclusions from the project. It complements the OECD report on Trade and Structural Adjustment, which provides policy directions on how OECD countries can adjust to international trade. Together, these reports present a concrete policy agenda on how to strengthen growth performance and address globalisation, structural change and the shift to services.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264064577-en
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  • 40
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    OECD Review of Agricultural Policies: Brazil 2005 (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264012554
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (226 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Review of Agricultural Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Brooks, Jonathan Brazil
    Keywords: Landwirtschaft ; Branchenentwicklung ; Agrarpolitik ; Agraraußenhandel ; Ländliche Armut ; Brasilien ; Agriculture and Food ; Brazil ; Brasilien ; Agrarpolitik
    Abstract: This Review measures the level and composition of support to Brazilian agriculture, and evaluates the effectiveness of current measures in attaining their objectives. The study finds that Brazil provides much lower support to its agricultural sector than most OECD countries. However, a large and increasing share of that support is provided in the form of credit subsidies; support which could be more productively oriented to areas such as research and extension, training, and the development of rural infrastructure. A greater focus on such long-term investments could help Brazil to address the two major challenges confronting its agricultural sector: the need to sustain improvements in international competitiveness, and at the same time draw poor smallholders into the development process. At the international level, the report finds that, having substantially reformed its own agricultural policies, the main source of future benefits to Brazil will be reforms in other countries, where access to OECD country markets is the most important issue. Yet while trade liberalisation offers important benefits for the majority of households, those gains need to be placed in the context of the broader opportunities and adjustment pressures confronting both commercial farmers and smallholders.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264012554-en
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  • 41
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    Les nouvelles formes de gouvernance et le développement économique (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264015333
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (348 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Développement économique et création d'emplois locaux (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. New Forms of Governance for Economic Development
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Regionalentwicklung ; Governance ; Regionale Strukturverbesserung ; Verwaltung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage examine la manière dont les nouvelles formes de gouvernance permettent de surmonter les obstacles d’ordre administratif, politique ou financier, ainsi que leur impact sur la prospérité et la qualité de la vie à l’échelon local. On y trouve les résultats d’initiatives ambitieuses prises par la Belgique, l’Espagne, le Mexique, la Norvège, la République tchèque, la Slovénie et la Suède. L’ouvrage met en évidence les points forts et les faiblesses de ces initiatives.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264015333-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 42
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    L' assurance-maladie privée dans les pays de l'OCDE (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264015661
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (265 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Le projet de l'OCDE sur la santé
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Private Health Insurance in OECD Countries
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Krankenversicherung ; Privatversicherung
    Abstract: Ce rapport rend compte de la première analyse comparative jamais faite du rôle et de la performance de l’assurance-maladie privée dans les pays de l’OCDE. Cette analyse, axée sur les marchés de l’assurance-maladie privée, recense également les problèmes qui découlent de l’interdépendance de ces marchés avec les régimes publics. L’impact de l’assurance-maladie privée est évalué au regard des objectifs de politique de santé, une attention particulière étant accordée aux enjeux et aux avantages liés à la diversité des systèmes d’assurance. L’analyse détermine les atouts de l’assurance-maladie privée ainsi que les domaines où elle peut mettre en question les performances du système de santé. Le rapport montre comment les gouvernements peuvent faire en sorte que les marchés de l’assurance-maladie privée contribuent de façon positive à la performance des systèmes de santé. Sont également présentés des exemples de pratiques utiles dans le développement de marchés de l’assurance-maladie plus efficients et plus équitables.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264015661-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 43
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    Chili (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Chile 2005
    Keywords: Chile ; Umweltpolitik
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264009707-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 44
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    Umwelt und OECD-Leitsätze für multinationale Unternehmen : Betriebliche Instrumente und Konzepte (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264013544
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Corporate Tools and Approaches
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'environnement et les principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales ; Instruments et méthodes pour les entreprises
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. El Medio Ambiente y las Líneas Directrices de la OCDE para Empresas Multinacionales ; Herramientas y Enfoques Empresariales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Corporate Tools and Approaches (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Corporate Tools and Approaches (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Corporate Tools and Approaches
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'environnement et les principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales : Instruments et méthodes pour les entreprises
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. El Medio Ambiente y las Líneas Directrices de la OCDE para Empresas Multinacionales : Herramientas y Enfoques Empresariales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Corporate Tools and Approaches (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Corporate Tools and Approaches (Chinese version)
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264013544-de
    URL: Volltext
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  • 45
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    OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform: Russia 2005 : Building Rules for the Market (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264011236
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (202 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation ; Russie 2005 ; Établir des règles pour le marché
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation : Russie 2005 : Établir des règles pour le marché
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Russia
    RVK:
    QG 480
    RVK:
    QR 300
    Keywords: Wettbewerbspolitik ; Regulierung ; Bahnpolitik ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Russland ; Governance ; Russian Federation ; Russland ; Wirtschaftsreform ; Regulierung
    Abstract: This review of regulatory reform in Russia covers the overall economic context for regulatory reform, the government’s capacity to manage regulatory reform, competition policy and enforcement, and market openness. The review also examines specifically the regulatory framework in the electricity and railway sectors. The analysis in this review assesses Russia against a number of OECD instruments. At the same time, the review has been adjusted to take into account the specific regulatory challenges faced by the Russian authorities, as well as administrative re-organisation required. The review contains comprehensive and detailed policy recommendations that will assist the Russian authorities in structuring and implementing regulatory reforms in order to boost economic growth, job creation, innovation and investment. The review will also help the authorities develop a more comprehensive approach in order to produce results more quickly.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264011236-en
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  • 46
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    Déclaration de Paris sur l'efficacité de l'aide au développement (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264098091
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (14 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Au delà des principes pour une aide efficace, la Déclaration de Paris trace un plan d’action traduisant une vision pragmatique pour améliorer la qualité de l’aide et ses retombées sur le développement d’ici à 2010. Elle décrit un ensemble de mesures précises pour la mise en œuvre ainsi qu’un système de suivi international, destiné à s’assurer que donneurs et bénéficiaires se rendent mutuellement compte du respect de leurs engagements et constituant une particularité absolument unique de cet accord international.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264098091-fr
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  • 47
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    Relocalisation internationale de la production et exportations de services (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 75-105
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 44 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. International Production Relocation and Exports of Services
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 75-105
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Ces vingt dernières années, les échanges internationaux et l’investissement direct étranger (IDE) dans le secteur des services ont connu une remarquable expansion dans presque tous les pays de l’OCDE. Cette évolution s’explique en partie par la mondialisation générale des activités économiques durant cette période, comme le montrent, par exemple, Nicoletti et al. (2003). Cependant, le rythme de l’internationalisation dans le secteur des services a été encore plus rapide que dans les autres secteurs. Entre 1983 et 2003, la part (en dollars) des exportations de services dans les exportations totales de biens et de services de la zone de l’OCDE a progressé de plus de 2 points pour s’établir à un peu moins de 22 pour cent. Il est plus difficile d’estimer la part des transactions portant sur...
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-v2004-art4-fr
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  • 48
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    Apprendre aujourd'hui, réussir demain : Premiers résultats de PISA 2003 (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264007260
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (530 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: PISA
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Learning for Tomorrow's World; First Results from PISA 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Lernen für die Welt von morgen; Erste Ergebnisse von PISA 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Informe PISA 2003 ; Aprender para el mundo del mañana
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Aprendendo para o Mundo de Amanhã; Primeiros resultados do PISA 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Learning for Tomorrow's World; First Results from PISA 2003 (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Learning for Tomorrow's World: First Results from PISA 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Lernen für die Welt von morgen: Erste Ergebnisse von PISA 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Informe PISA 2003 : Aprender para el mundo del mañana
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Aprendendo para o Mundo de Amanhã: Primeiros resultados do PISA 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Learning for Tomorrow's World: First Results from PISA 2003 (Chinese version)
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Ce rapport présente les premiers résultats comparables à l’échelle internationale de l’enquête 2003 du Programme international de l’OCDE pour le suivi des acquis des élèves (PISA), qui porte sur le niveau des élèves de 15 ans en lecture, en mathématiques et en sciences dans 25 pays de l’OCDE. Cette année, l’accent a été mis sur les mathématiques. Il ne se limite pas à indiquer le classement relatif des pays en matière de culture mathématique, de compréhension de l’écrit et de culture scientifique. Il étudie également un large éventail d’aspects éducatifs tels que la motivation des élèves à l’idée d’apprendre, l’image qu’ils ont d’eux-mêmes et les stratégies d’apprentissage qu’ils privilégient. Par ailleurs, ce rapport analyse la variation des performances selon le sexe et le milieu socio-économique. Plusieurs facteurs associés à l’acquisition de savoirs et savoir-faire à la maison et à l’école sont étudiés, ainsi que leurs interactions et leurs implications pour l’action publique. Enfin, et c’est sans doute le plus important, cet ouvrage montre que certains pays se distinguent à la fois par de bonnes performances et des degrés élevés d’égalité des chances dans l’éducation. Le rapport présente de multiples indicateurs montrant comment les pays participants se situent les uns par rapport aux autres sous différents aspects des résultats de l’enseignement, ainsi que les facteurs qui jouent sur ces résultats.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264007260-fr
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  • 49
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    OECD Principles of Corporate Governance : (Russian version) (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264064829
    Language: Russian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (39 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principes de gouvernement d'entreprise de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: OECD Principles of Corporate Governance
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Principes de gouvernement d'entreprise de l'OCDE
    RVK:
    QP 341
    Keywords: Governance ; Industry and Services
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264064829-ru
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  • 50
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    OECD e-Government Studies: Norway 2005 (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264010680
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD e-Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Daglio, Marco Norway
    Keywords: E-Government ; Norwegen ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Norway ; Norwegen ; E-Government
    Abstract: This review is the first study that undertakes an in-depth analysis of e-government in Norway from a whole-of-government perspective. It looks at the progress to date and the remaining challenges the Norwegian government faces in implementing e-government and provides a detailed analysis of the e-government policy cycle, focusing on the role of the central state as a policy actor. The report also provides proposals for action to improve the delivery of electronic services to citizens, to understand public demand for online services and participation in government, to develop frameworks for monitoring and evaluation of e-government, to respond to agencies’ demands for more central guidance, and to improve co-ordination.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264010680-en
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  • 51
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    Policy coherence for development : promoting institutional good practice (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264108556
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: The development dimension
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Policy coherence for development
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. La cohérence des politiques au service du développement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La cohérence des politiques au service du développement : Promouvoir de bonnes pratiques institutionnelles
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Policy coherence for development
    DDC: 338.9
    RVK:
    MK 9000
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungsfinanzierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Good Governance ; OECD-Staaten-seitig ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Internationale Kooperation ; Wirtschaftspolitik
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264108554-en
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    Promoting Adult Learning (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264010932
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Education and Training Policy
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Promouvoir la formation des adultes
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Promoting Adult Learning (Hungarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Promoting Adult Learning (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Promoting adult learning
    RVK:
    DW 1000
    Keywords: Erwachsenenbildung ; Bildungspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; OECD ; Erwachsenenbildung
    Abstract: This publication provides policy guidance in an area that has been given little policy priority until recent years. It brings together key lessons from 17 OECD countries, providing evidence on the strategies in place to improve adults’ participation in learning. It addresses potential barriers to learning as well as the policies to remedy them. Among these are policies for increasing and promoting the benefits of adult learning to make them transparent and easily recognised. Other policy levers include economic incentives and co-financing mechanisms that can raise the efficiency of adult learning provision, while delivering quality learning that is adapted to adults’ needs. Finally, policy making can be improved via co-ordination and coherence in a field that is characterised by a wide variety of stakeholders, including ministries of education and ministries of labour.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264010932-en
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  • 53
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    Strengthening Regulation in Chile : The Case of Network Industries (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 30 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.455
    Keywords: Economics ; Chile
    Abstract: Chile’s regulatory framework is working reasonably well. The country’s structural reforms since the 1980s, with the privatisation of utilities and deregulation of product and labour markets, have improved resource allocation and increased the population’s access to basic services, while calling for a comprehensive upgrading of regulatory institutions. At the same time, public-private partnerships (PPPs) are contributing to closing Chile’s infrastructure deficit, particularly in transport. The recurrent cuts in shipments of natural gas from Argentina since 2004 have put additional strain on regulation in the electricity sector to encourage investment in generation and ensure the security of supply. This paper reviews regulatory reform in three network industries (electricity, gas and telecoms), where further liberalisation, particularly in electricity retailing, and improvements in the regulation of telecoms would do much to further improve the business climate. The governance of public-private partnerships can be improved by increasing transparency and accountability in the concession process. In doing so, the government’s exposure to contingent liabilities can be contained. This Working Paper relates to the 2005 OECD Economic Survey of Chile (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/chile).
    DOI: 10.1787/831502583012
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  • 54
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    Lessons in Danger (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264017412
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Series Statement: School Safety and Security
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Lessons in danger
    DDC: 363.119371
    RVK:
    DO 6000
    Keywords: Schule ; Schüler ; Sicherheitstechnik ; Katastrophe ; Kriminalität ; OECD-Staaten ; Education
    Abstract: Lessons in Danger, the result of a joint OECD-US Department of Education collaboration, provides valuable insight into how school safety and security, particularly in emergency situations, are addressed in over 14 countries. Addressing such issues as risk assessment, crisis planning and management, infrastructure approaches, collaborative approaches, and education and training for emergency management, it describes the roles of architects, project managers, ministry officials, psychologists, teachers, security consultants, police officers, academics and many others in helping to implement solutions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264017412-en
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  • 55
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    OECD Forum 2005 : Forum Highlights: Fuelling the Future: Security, Stability, Development (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264012318
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This brochure presents an overview of the highlights of OECD Forum 2005 including texts of keynote addresses and summaries of sessions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264012318-en
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  • 56
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    African Economic Performance in 2004 : A Promise of Things to Come? (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 7 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Policy Insights no.6
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'économie africaine en 2004 : des perspectives prometteuses ?
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Against a backdrop of sustained global growth and high commodity prices, Africa has experienced its best economic performance in many years. While recent economic performance is not merely driven by favourable external factors, African economies still lack proper “shock-absorbers” to withstand internal (e.g. drought and floods, political instability, HIV-Aids, etc.) and external (e.g. volatility of commodity prices and exchange rates) shocks alike. They remain strongly vulnerable. In this context, creating the conditions for the development of indigenous drivers of economic activity (starting with a thriving local private sector) is a top priority.
    DOI: 10.1787/022584484556
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    Welfare Reform in European Countries : A Microsimulation Analysis (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 59 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.28
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This paper estimates the welfare and distributional impact of two types of welfare reform in the 15 (pre-enlargement) member countries of the European Union. The reforms are revenue neutral and financed by an overall and uniform increase in marginal tax rates on earnings. The first reform distributes the additional tax revenue uniformly to everybody (traditional welfare) while the second reform distributes tax proceeds uniformly to workers only (in-work benefit). We build a simple model of labour supply encompassing responses to taxes and transfers along both the intensive and extensive margin. We then use EUROMOD to describe current welfare and tax systems in European Union countries and use calibrated labour supply elasticities along the intensive and extensive margins to analyze the effects of the two welfare reforms. We quantify the equity-efficiency trade-off for a range of elasticity parameters. In most countries, because of large existing welfare programmes with high phase-out rates, the uniform redistribution policy is undesirable unless the redistributive tastes of the government are extreme. The inwork benefit reform, on the other hand, is desirable in a very wide set of cases. We discuss the practical policy implications for European welfare policy.
    DOI: 10.1787/873766824646
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  • 58
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    The EU's Single Market : At Your Service? (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 30 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.449
    Keywords: Economics ; European Union
    Abstract: While the single market has largely been achieved for the EU market for goods, the services sector has lagged behind. This has resulted in sluggish activity, low productivity growth, high prices, that show a wide dispersion and relatively high inflation in this sector. Both the OECD product market regulation study and the European Commission study on internal market barriers conclude that there are large barriers to trade between the EU countries. Since two-thirds of total output in the EU comes from the services sector it is crucial for the EU to pursue reforms of this sector. The proposed Directive on services in the internal market, also called the services directive, will be a helpful tool towards establishing a single market for services if it is implemented as proposed. The European citizens will gain from large welfare effects associated with the convergence of prices towards the best performers and faster trend economic growth. A watering down of the directive will however reduce the beneficial effects and should be avoided. This Working Paper expands on material presented in the 2005 OECD Economic Survey of the Euro Area (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/eu).
    DOI: 10.1787/074856470712
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  • 59
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    Income Distribution and Poverty in OECD Countries in the Second Half of the 1990s (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 81 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.22
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This report provides evidence on income distribution and poverty in 27 OECD countries over the second half of the 1990s, using data that correct for many of the features that limit cross-country and intertemporal comparisons in this field. Patterns for income distribution and relative poverty in the second half of the 1990s — a period of significant improvement in labour market conditions in most OECD countries — conform to many of the longer-term trends identified in previous OECD analysis, but also highlight some significant departures. Inequality in the distribution of household disposable income among the total population increased slightly over the second half of the 1990s, continuing the trend of the previous decade. Relative poverty, measured with respect to a threshold set at half of median income, affected in 2000 around 11% of the OECD population, with an increase since the mid-1990s that is similar to that of the previous decade. Absolute income poverty, which had declined ...
    DOI: 10.1787/882106484586
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  • 60
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    Teachers matter : attracting, developing and retaining effective teachers (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264018044 , 9264018042
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Education and training policy
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Teachers matter
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Le rôle crucial des enseignants
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le rôle crucial des enseignants : Attirer, former et retenir des enseignants de qualité
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Stärkere Professionalisierung des Lehrerberufs: Wie gute Lehrer gewonnen, gefördert und gehalten werden können
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Política de educación y formación : Los docentes son importantes : Atraer, formar y conservar a los docentes eficientes
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter (Hungarian version): Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter (Japanese version): Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Professores são importantes: Atraindo, desenvolvendo e retendo professores eficazes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Teachers matter
    DDC: 370.711
    RVK:
    DN 7000
    RVK:
    DN 1000
    Keywords: Lehrkräfte ; Anforderungsprofil ; Dienstleistungsqualität ; OECD-Staaten ; Lehrerbildung
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264018044-en
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  • 61
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    Analysis of Non-Tariff Measures : Customs Fees and Charges on Imports (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 44 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Working Papers no.14
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Papers no.14
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Analyse des mesures non tarifaires : Redevances et impositions douanières sur les importations
    Keywords: Trade
    Abstract: This study examines the nature and the extent of use of customs fees and charges that affect imports at borders. It is part of a series of studies that analyse various types of non-tariff measures and the objective of this paper is to contribute to discussions in the Negotiating Group on Market Access (NAMA), the Council on Trade in Goods and elsewhere in the trade policy community. The analysis draws on data collected from WTO Trade Policy Reviews, non-tariff barrier notifications to NAMA, and the UNCTAD TRAINS database and country notes. The study reveals that most types of customs fees and charges on imports are applied ad valorem rather than with regard to the underlying costs of the services rendered. The use of customs fees and charges has also evolved over time: the use of both customs surcharges and consular invoice fees has markedly declined over the last two decades while more countries nowadays charge importers fees for the use of various customs-related services.
    DOI: 10.1787/251376621576
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  • 62
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    A Development Co-operation Lens on Terrorism Prevention : = Inscrire la coopération pour le développement dans une optique de prévention du terrorisme (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264008007
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (28 p)
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: This DAC Reference Document draws on donor responses to international terrorism. It is intended to guide the international community and governments in their efforts to address linkages between terrorism and development, and suggests how donor programmes might be designed or adjusted.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264008007-en-fr
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  • 63
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    Looking beyond tariffs : the role of non-tariff barriers in world trade (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264014624
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Studies
    Series Statement: OECD trade policy studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Looking beyond tariffs
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Au-delà des tarifs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Au-delà des tarifs : Le rôle des obstacles non tarifaires dans le commerce mondial
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Looking beyond tariffs
    RVK:
    QM 230
    Keywords: Nichttarifäre Handelshemmnisse ; Welt ; Außenhandel ; Handelshemmnis
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264014626-en
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  • 64
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    Measuring Cyclically-adjusted Budget Balances for OECD Countries (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 43 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.434
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Measuring cyclically-adjusted budget balances for OECD countries An important tool in the analysis of fiscal policy is the distinction between structural and cyclical components of the budget balance. This paper describes work undertaken to re-estimate and re-specify the elasticities underlying the Economics Department's calculations of cyclically-adjusted budget balances. Account is taken of tax reforms introduced since the previous updating exercise. A number of methodological innovations have been introduced to better account for the lags between taxes and activity and to ensure greater cross-country consistency in the estimates. The methodology underlying cyclical adjustment of expenditures has also been reviewed. Finally, the country coverage has been extended. The overall results are broadly consistent with the previous set of estimates. The sensitivity of government net lending to a 1 percentage point change in the output gap remains at around 0.5% of GDP for OECD economies on average.
    DOI: 10.1787/787626008442
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  • 65
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    Managing Aid : Practices of DAC Member Countries (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264007635
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: DAC Guidelines and Reference Series
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La gestion de l'aide ; Pratiques des pays membres du CAD
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La gestion de l'aide : Pratiques des pays membres du CAD
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Managing aid
    DDC: 338.91177
    RVK:
    QM 353
    RVK:
    MK 9500
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; OECD-Staaten ; Entwicklungsländer ; Development ; OECD ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Management ; Erfolgskontrolle
    Abstract: The member countries of OECD’s Development Assistance Committee (DAC) give almost USD 70 billion in foreign aid (development co-operation) annually. This study examines how to manage that aid for the best results. It is based on the organisational structures and practices of 22 of the world’s main donor countries, with a view to assisting countries who are becoming donors. The book covers issues such as legal frameworks; how donors organise their operations in partner developing countries; centralised versus decentralised management; relations with non-governmental organisations; and managing gender equality, environmental sustainability and humanitarian action.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264007635-en
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  • 66
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    Product Market Competition and Economic Performance in Iceland (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 40 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.426
    Keywords: Economics ; Iceland
    Abstract: This paper discusses the current state of product market competition in Iceland, including the legal and regulatory framework, and suggests directions for further improvement. Given the size of the economy, efficiency considerations dictate high concentration in many markets, and preventing abuse of market dominance is therefore a challenging task. Changes to competition law since the early 1990s have strengthened competitive forces in many sectors of the economy, and proposed amendments to that law would further improve market surveillance. The changes in the regulatory framework for telecommunications have helped vigorous competition to develop in most segments, but there remain problems in pricing of access to the local loop. In the still publicly owned electricity sector, however, competition in generation and sales is so far virtually non-existent despite new legislation. Other policies discussed include agricultural support, policies towards foreign direct investment, and public procurement and provision of publicly funded services.
    DOI: 10.1787/605284451863
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  • 67
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    Labour Protection in China : Challenges Facing Labour Offices and Social Insurance (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.30
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: One of the key institutional outcomes of China’s economic reforms has been to create a new role for employers that is separate from the state, and allows enterprises to concentrate on their business. To protect workers, the government has set up public institutions for many social and administrative functions that until recently pertained to work units (danwei), or did not exist. This paper focuses on three such functions for which the 1994 Labour Law makes the government responsible: employment services, labour inspection and social insurance.
    DOI: 10.1787/325131488300
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  • 68
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    Examining Consumer Policy : A Report on Consumer Information Campaigns Concerning Scams (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 38 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.103
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examen des politiques à l'égard des consommateurs : Rapport sur les campagnes d'information sur les consommateurs relatives aux escroqueries ('scams')
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report on consumer information campaigns concerning scams, makes recommendations for five areas in which practice can be improved to ensure that scams are more effectively understood and that campaigning against them is more integrated.
    DOI: 10.1787/231767418167
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  • 69
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    The French Tax System : Main Characteristics, Recent Developments and Some Considerations for Reform (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 43 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.439
    Keywords: Economics ; France
    Abstract: France belongs to the group of OECD countries with relatively high tax levels. In recent years French governments have been increasingly aware that the tax system may have negative effects on growth and employment and some reforms have been introduced to reduce tax distortions. There has, however, been no grand reform design and it is also not clear in which direction it should go. This paper describes the main characteristics and the developments of the French tax system and examines some of its economic distortions and complexities. A future tax reform agenda could focus on the following five elements: First, reduce labour tax distortions by further reductions in social security contributions for low paid workers and reducing the withdrawal rate for in-work benefits, financing these either by increasing the Contribution Sociale Généralisée (CSG) or value added tax. Second, simplify the personal income tax, widening its base to permit lower top rates, and introducing deduction at source. Consider merging it with the CSG if this can be done in an administratively efficient way. Third, reduce capital tax distortions by cutting the corporate tax rate and widening the tax base by reducing the number of special incentives for certain kinds of activity, and also reduce the bias in favour of debt finance. Fourth, increase the role of “green” taxes because of the efficiency gains they offer –- though not as significant sources of revenue. Fifth, improve, and reduce the costs of, tax administration by progressively merging tax administrations where possible. This Working Paper relates to the 2005 OECD Economic Survey of France (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/france).
    DOI: 10.1787/787686341561
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  • 70
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    Boosting Growth Through Greater Competition in Denmark (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 48 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.431
    Keywords: Economics ; Denmark
    Abstract: This paper discusses ways of strengthening the competitive environment in order to help boost productivity performance in various sectors of the Danish economy. It looks at a number of indicators of the strength of competition — including price levels, industrial concentration and product market regulation — and it discusses the appropriateness of the competition legislation framework. The paper then focuses on the large public sector, which has been slow to open up to competition, partly because of regulatory restrictions but also because some local governments are too small to handle tenders and provide an attractive market for private providers. The paper also looks at the process of liberalising network industries and at various regulations that still impede effective competition in a number of other sectors, including construction, housing, distribution and professional services.
    DOI: 10.1787/768204357083
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  • 71
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    House Prices and Inflation in the Euro Area (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 20 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.450
    Keywords: Economics ; Euro Area
    Abstract: The inflation measure used by the European Central Bank excludes housing costs that are borne by home owners even though they make up more than a tenth of household final consumption expenditure in the euro area. Has the exclusion of owner-occupied housing costs driven a wedge between the official harmonised index of consumer prices (HICP) and the cost of living? To answer this question, a measure of the user cost of housing capital has been constructed for every euro area country (except Luxembourg). User costs are measured taking into account property taxes but net of tax breaks that home owners enjoy on mortgage repayments. The user cost measure is combined with the HICP to derive a “broad” inflation estimate. For the sake of comparison, an alternative estimate has been put together using imputed rents. The main conclusion is that owner-occupied housing costs have an impact. Another important conclusion is that the effect of owner-occupied housing costs on inflation varies noticeably with the method used to incorporate them into the price index. The paper finally discusses the choice of the method from the point of view of economic policy makers. "This Working Paper relates to the 2005 OECD Economic Survey of Euro Area (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/Euroarea)"
    DOI: 10.1787/037842735074
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  • 72
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    The Economic Impact of Trade Facilitation (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 31 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Working Papers no.21
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Papers no.21
    Keywords: Trade
    Abstract: This paper examines the economic impact of trade facilitation and in particular the link between trade facilitation and trade flows, government revenue and foreign direct investment. It is part of a series of studies that analyse various aspects of trade facilitation and the objective is to contribute to discussions in the WTO Negotiating Group on Trade Facilitation (NGTF) and elsewhere in the trade policy community. The paper finds that improved and simplified customs procedures would have a significant positive impact on trade flows. It further shows that a large number of mostly developing countries have managed to boost government revenue by implementing customs modernisation programmes that result in more efficient collection of trade taxes. In addition, the paper demonstrates that facilitated cross-border movement of goods would have a positive effect on the ability of a country to attract foreign direct investment and better integrate in international production supply chains.
    DOI: 10.1787/861403066656
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  • 73
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    Highlights of OECD Financial Outreach Activities in 2004 (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 173-189
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 173-189
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Following the end of the “Cold War”, the OECD has, since the early 1990s, been conducting “Outreach” activities (i.e. policy dialogue and capacity-building cooperation activities with non-Member economies), first with the Central and Eastern European countries in transition, and now extending to many other emerging economies. These “Outreach” activities have of course included financial sector reform, as the financial sector is often considered one of the key sectors in assisting these economies’ developments. The OECD’s efforts in this area have focused on, and continue to give primary attention to, capital market reform (including corporate governance) as well as insurance and pension market policies and reform on a regional basis; they have been recently targeting Asia, as this...
    DOI: 10.1787/fmt-v2005-art6-en
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  • 74
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    International Production Relocation and Exports of Services (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: economic studies Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 67-94
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2856
    Language: English
    Pages: 40 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Relocalisation internationale de la production et exportations de services
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: economic studies
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 67-94
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper explores the relationship between the relocation of international production and exports of services from the United States using a number of different panel data estimators for six different categories of services. A conventional export demand relationship is augmented by three different measures of the extent of international production relocation by US-based parent companies in service and non-service industries. Our results reveal considerable heterogeneity in the relationship...
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-v2004-art4-en
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  • 75
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    The International Aid System : A Question of Perspective (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 6 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Policy Insights no.12
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Donors, aid agencies and recipient governments are having a hard time implementing their promises on aid. Options based on a better understanding of their diverse priorities would help make the aid system more effective. Policy makers pursuing poverty reduction and other development goals should look beyond aid to other policies and financial flows, while shifting towards more appropriate decision-making structures.
    DOI: 10.1787/246252820650
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    Catastrophic risks and insurance : proceedings; [ ... the OECD organised a conference on 22 - 23 November 2004 in Paris ...] (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264009957
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Issues in Insurance no.8
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Series Statement: Policy issues in insurance
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Catastrophic risks and insurance
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Catastrophic risks and insurance
    DDC: 368.122009177
    RVK:
    QQ 675
    RVK:
    QT 200
    Keywords: Risikomodell ; Versicherungsbeitrag ; Katastrophe ; Erdbeben ; Terrorismus ; Versicherungsschutz ; Konferenzschrift 2004 ; Katastrophenrisiko ; Schadenversicherung
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264009950-en
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  • 77
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    Universities and Innovation in the Knowledge Economy : Cases from English Regions (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 3, p. 53-75
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 26 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les universités et l'innovation dans l'économie du savoir : L'expérience des régions anglaises
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 3, p. 53-75
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: The last decade has seen a growing increase in policy discourse in many countries on entrepreneurship and innovation with a prominent emphasis on the role to be played by universities. However, it is far from clear to what extent institutional behaviours are influenced by this enterprising policy discourse based on the broad assumption that “knowledge” is the most precious asset for economic growth in the knowledge economy. This article examines the links developing between the universities and innovation processes especially at the regional level as observed in the United Kingdom, highlighting interactions between public policy and institutional behaviour in a multi-level governance (MLG) structure of knowledge production. Different strategic processes of networking between universities and the links universities are developing with Regional Development Agencies (RDAs) and other partners in nine English regions are illustrated in light of recent government policies which influence the resources and strategies of universities. Universities need to be analysed as critical actors in regional development processes, and their wide range of activities and strategies at different geographical levels need to be strategically co-ordinated as part of a territorial development process within the globalising knowledge economy.
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art23-en
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    Building Schools for the Future in the United Kingdom (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 4 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Exchange, Programme on Educational Building no.2005/02
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Construire les écoles de demain au Royaume-Uni
    Keywords: Education ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: State-of-the-art school buildings can improve educational standards and have a positive effect on everyone who uses them. That is why England’s Department for Education and Skills (DfES) launched an ambitious five year strategy to improve educational facilities for all children in the country and create high quality resources for the whole community. The programme, Building Schools for the Future, is backed by a record level of investment in school infrastructure, takes into account changes needed in the educational built environment, and gives special attention to exemplar designs.
    DOI: 10.1787/577803422136
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  • 79
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    Agriculture and development : the case for policy coherence (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264013350
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: The Development Dimension
    Series Statement: The development dimension
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Agriculture and development
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Agriculture et développement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Agriculture et développement : Vers des politiques cohérentes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Agriculture and development
    DDC: 338.1
    RVK:
    QM 230
    RVK:
    QS 200
    Keywords: Agrarpolitik ; Agraraußenhandel ; Außenwirtschaftspolitik ; Entwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Entwicklungsländer ; OECD ; Agrarpolitik ; Entwicklungspolitik
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264013353-en
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  • 80
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    Liberalising Trade in 'Environmental Goods' : Some Practical Considerations (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 25 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Trade and Environment Working Papers no.2005/05
    Keywords: Trade
    Abstract: This chapter explores some practical issues that have arisen in the WTO negotiations on environmental goods and services, especially issues pertaining to liberalising trade in environmental goods. Since environmental goods are not covered by a single chapter of the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (HS) — the international basis for codifying trade and tariffs — an agreement on environmental goods must be defined by reference to an agreed list. In such a case, when the most detailed (6-digit) product level is insufficiently specific, it becomes necessary to agree to create common commodity descriptions at the 8- or 10-digit level in national tariff schedules. Another important concern is the so-called “dual use” problem: many goods with environmental uses also can be used for nonenvironmental purposes. Possible solutions to these problems are explored, drawing on past experience in negotiating and implementing sectoral liberalisation agreements. The chapter also discusses issues relating to separate tariff lines for whole plants and to goods distinguished by their superior environmental performance in use. Finally, it considers some procedural and institutional issues that will have to be addressed before an agreement is concluded, notably whether to allow for the periodic addition of new goods to the agreement, and how to deal with the problem of changes over time in the relative environmental performance of competing goods.
    DOI: 10.1787/888676434604
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  • 81
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    New Bank Lending Survey of the Eurosystem : Interpretation and Use of First Results for Germany (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis Vol. 2004, no. 3, p. 387-407
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2899
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 3, p. 387-407
    Keywords: Economics ; Germany
    Abstract: Since January 2003 the Eurosystem conducts a regular quarterly bank lending survey for the euro area. It is the first regular survey that gathers information on the distinct supply-side determinants and demand-side determinants of the development in lending business for the euro area. The paper delineates the background and the institutional framework of the survey for the euro area as well as for Germany and provides aggregate survey results of the first eight survey rounds for Germany. Main tendencies as well as the contributing factors put forward by the banks surveyed are assessed on an aggregate level. In a detailed analysis, which additionally uses the information of the micro data level, we assess the factors impacting on changes in credit standards and in the demand for loans more closely and test for their significance. Apart from the relationship between different parts of the data obtained by the survey, the explanatory power of the survey data for actual loan growth and changes in credit margins is of special interest. Using the information from the bank balance sheets statistics and the new interest rate statistics of the monetary financial institutions (MFI) on the micro data level, we test whether the survey data contain significant information on banks' individual loan growth and margin changes.
    DOI: 10.1787/jbcma-v2004-art20-en
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  • 82
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    Corporate Responsibility Practices of Emerging Market Companies (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2005/03
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Emerging market companies make up 3.8 per cent of the FT500, the 500 largest global traded companies1 and 4.6 per cent of the Dow Jones Global Index of 2,500 companies. OECD statistics show that, while the bulk of international investment flows originate in the OECD, non-OECD countries are increasingly important sources of investment flows. This paper presents a fact finding study of the...
    DOI: 10.1787/713775068163
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  • 83
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    Highlights of Recent Trends in Financial Markets (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 7-65
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 63 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 7-65
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Over the past few months, major equity markets generally have continued their upward trend, while interest rates at the long end of the maturity spectrum have declined. Meanwhile, credit spreads for both investment grade and sub-investment grade borrowers continue to be compressed and volatility appears to have diminished in most market segments.
    DOI: 10.1787/fmt-v2005-art2-en
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  • 84
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    Innovation in the Business Sector (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 59 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.459
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper draws together the key findings from separate detailed analyses of the determinants of R&D, patenting and the commercial introduction of innovations in the business sector in order to identify the policies, institutions and framework factors that provide the most effective means of supporting innovation. The evidence suggests that there is a clear role for framework conditions, framework policies and specific science policies, both independently and in interaction with each other. Policies that raise the absorptive capacity of the economy (the capacity to understand and make use of new knowledge) are likely to have dual benefits, not only helping to stimulate new innovative activities, but also helping to maximise the benefits to be gained from the existing stock of knowledge. Potential policy trade-offs also need to be taken into account. Some policies that offer benefits for current innovation also have costs that could adversely affect future incentives to innovate. Others have trade-offs when considered in combination. Cross-country differences in the level of R&D intensity are shown to be closely correlated with crosscountry differences in science policies and institutions. Framework conditions and policies have an important influence when accounting for cross-country differences in the rate of change of R&D intensities over time.
    DOI: 10.1787/688727757285
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  • 85
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    OECD Workshop on Consumer Dispute Resolution and Redress in the Global Marketplace : Background Report (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 58 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.92
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report presents an overview of OECD member country frameworks for consumer dispute resolution and redress. Part I focuses on the different mechanisms that have been put in place to respond to the varying nature and characteristics of consumer disputes including: internal complaints handling processes; payment cardholder protections; alternative dispute resolution; small claims courts; private collective action lawsuits; legal actions by consumer associations; and government obtained redress. Part II examines the impediments to ensuring that monetary judgments for consumers in cross-border cases ultimately result in compensation to consumers. The report aims to identify the elements of effective domestic frameworks for consumer dispute resolution and redress, examine how these frameworks can better address cross-border cases, and consider how increased international cooperation could improve the effectiveness of judicial remedies across-borders.
    DOI: 10.1787/232427700758
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  • 86
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    Apprentissage et réussite : Premiers résultats de l'Enquête sur la littératie et les compétences des adultes (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264010413
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (340 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Learning a Living; First Results of the Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Learning a Living: First Results of the Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: À partir de l’enquête sur la littératie et les compétences des adultes menée aux Bermudes, au Canada, en Italie, au Mexique (Nuevo Leon), en Norvège et aux États-Unis en 2003 et 2004, les premiers résultats présentés dans cet ouvrage jettent un nouvel éclairage sur le double processus d’acquisition et de perte de compétences des adultes. L’ouvrage débute par une explication des objectifs et de l’approche conceptuelle de l’enquête ainsi que par des profils comparés des compétences des adultes dans les pays participants. Il se poursuit par l’étude des liens existant entre éducation et compétences et formation des adultes et compétences. Les chapitres suivants présentent une comparaison de l’employabilité des jeunes et des plus âgés dans les pays participants, des compétences et des résultats économiques, des compétences et des technologies de l’information et des communications, des compétences et de l’immigration, des effets de l’éducation parentale sur les compétences et de l’influence des compétences sur la santé.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264010413-fr
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  • 87
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    Development of Voice over WiFi by Integrating Mobile Networks (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 27 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.93
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Rapid technological changes are facilitating the convergence between WiFi (short for “Wireless Fidelity”) and mobile networks, in particular with 3G networks and resulting in the development of Voice over WiFi (VoWiFi) services.
    DOI: 10.1787/232404312851
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  • 88
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    Development, Investment and Environment : In Search of Synergies: No. 399 (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 5, no. 6, p. 1-81
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 81 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 6, p. 1-81
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This report provides an overview of the main trends in financial flows to developing countries (official flows and private investments) and their environmental dimensions. It then examines the conditions attached to these flows in order to ensure that the environmental performance of the projects to which they are destined is taken into account ("supply side"). Next, it provides an overview of the domestic policy context ("demand side"), and the necessary conditions to ensure better environmental performance of investments. The report finishes with a summary of the main findings and suggestions of further steps to strengthen linkages between investment, development and environment.The annex describes the results of analysis on the relationship between environmental management and performance and structural characteristics of facilities which are typically associated with multinational enterprises (MNEs).
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v5-art22-en
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  • 89
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    Towards a Monthly Business Cycle Chronology for the Euro Area (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 43-69
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2899
    Language: English
    Pages: 27 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 43-69
    Keywords: Economics ; Euro Area
    Abstract: This paper is an exercise in dating the Euro area business cycle on a monthly basis. Using a quite flexible interpolation routine, we construct several monthly series of Euro area real GDP, and then apply the Bry-Boschan (1971) procedure. To account for the asymmetry in growth regimes and duration across business cycle phases, we propose to extend this method with a combined amplitude/phase-length criterion ruling out expansionary phases that are short and flat. Applying the extended procedure to US and Euro area data, we are able to replicate approximately the dating decisions of the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) and the Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR).
    DOI: 10.1787/jbcma-2005-5km7v183t48r
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  • 90
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    Sources of Inflation Persistence in the Euro Area (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.435
    Keywords: Economics ; Euro Area
    Abstract: In recent years, inflation in the euro area has failed to decelerate decisively while cyclical slack built up in the economy. Is this phenomenon more than a peculiarity in recent data? Is it related to structural policy settings? Econometric analysis conducted on two decades of quarterly data covering 17 countries yields a yes on both counts. First, inflation is shown to respond significantly more weakly to cyclical slack in the euro area than in countries such as the United Kingdom, the United States or Canada. Secondly, this lack of responsiveness is found to be related in a statistically significant way to more rigid structural policy settings. The results pass a wide range of robustness checks. This Working Paper relates to the 2005 OECD Economic Survey of the euro area (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/euroarea).
    DOI: 10.1787/854075872581
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  • 91
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    OECD Report on Digital Music : Opportunities and Challenges (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 131 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.100
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Unauthorised sharing of copyrighted works and new commercial digital delivery possibilities have thus far been a disruptive technology for the music industry. Still, the outlook for the music market in 2005 is positive due to rapidly increasing sales of (mobile) digital music services.
    DOI: 10.1787/232088236784
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  • 92
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    The Contribution of Foreign Affilliates to Productivity Growth : Evidence from OECD Countries (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 52 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers no.2005/08
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This study uses new information to determine the role of foreign affiliates in productivity growth. The study has three aims. Firstly, the study quantifies the contribution of foreign affiliates to productivity growth in OECD countries using a growth accounting approach. Secondly, the analysis shows how much of this contribution derives from an increase in the employment share of foreign affiliates in the host country relative to an increase in the productivity of existing foreign affiliates. Thirdly, the study compares the presence of foreign affiliates across OECD countries. The information is derived by matching three OECD data sources: the STAN database for industrial analysis, the AFA (Activities of Foreign Affiliates) and FATS (Foreign Affiliates in Trade and Services) databases. Despite its limitations, this combined database provides longitudinal industry level information on both the presence and the productivity of foreign affiliates in OECD countries. The analysis confirms that foreign affiliates can make an important contribution to productivity growth. The contribution is larger in the manufacturing sector. In the services sector and in low-tech manufacturing sectors, the largest component of the contribution of foreign affiliates is due to the increased employment share of foreign affiliates. In medium- and high-tech sectors, the contribution is mainly driven by stronger productivity growth of existing foreign affiliates. In the United States the contribution is consistently driven by stronger productivity growth of existing foreign affiliates in both the manufacturing and the services sectors.
    DOI: 10.1787/534235088410
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  • 93
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    Product Market Competition and Economic Performance in Australia (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 81 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.451
    Keywords: Economics ; Australia
    Abstract: The OECD Growth Study and other empirical work have shown that the strength of competition in product markets plays an important role in the economic growth process as well as contributing to a more efficient allocation of resources in a static sense. More intense competition is likely to encourage stronger efforts of managers to improve efficiency and induce higher innovative activity, leading to higher multi-factor productivity. This paper begins with a short review of Australia’s growth performance since the early 1990s and its possible link to strengthened competitive pressures and their interaction with other economic reforms. Attention is then turned to indicators of product market competition to gauge the strength of competitive pressures. This is followed by an assessment of the general competition policy framework and its role in promoting competition. The next section presents the framework of the National Competition Policy and reviews the completeness of the reform programme and the areas requiring further action. The paper then examines a number of sectors where regulatory policies can be expected to have particularly large impacts. The implications of trade liberalisation on Australia’s economic performance and the scope for further improvements are also discussed in some detail. The paper concludes with a set of policy recommendations. This Working Paper relates to the 2005 OECD Economic Survey of Australia (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/australia).
    DOI: 10.1787/018570574720
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  • 94
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    Trade Facilitation Reforms in the Service of Development : Country Case Studies (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 30 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Working Papers no.12
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Papers no.12
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les réformes de facilitation des échanges au service du développement : Etudes de cas par pays
    Keywords: Trade
    Abstract: This document presents country studies on customs reforms that have taken place in Mozambique, Angola, Pakistan and Peru. The studies were used as supporting material for the report on "Trade Facilitation Reforms in the Service of Development" (document TD/TC/WP(2003)11/FINAL).
    DOI: 10.1787/267128678570
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  • 95
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    L'établissement confronté aux contraintes politiques : Comment lui permettre d'exploiter son potentiel (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur Vol. 17, no. 2, p. 47-67
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3592
    Language: French
    Pages: 23 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Institutional Mission vs Policy Constraint?: Unlocking Potential
    Titel der Quelle: Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 17, no. 2, p. 47-67
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: La société du savoir, qui se caractérise par sa forte intensité de recherche et par le phénomène de la concurrence, fait passer les établissements d'enseignement supérieur-EES au premier plan. Certes, de par le monde, nombreux sont les EES qui ne mettent pas en avant leur effort de recherche et qui ne désirent pas pratiquer la recherche de manière intensive, mais la majorité d’entre eux souhaitent intensifier leur action dans ce domaine, car ils sont persuadés que l’enseignement supérieur ne saurait s’en passer. Les EES sont en train de prendre des décisions critiques sur les ressources humaines à mobiliser, le cadre de la recherche, le lien indissociable entre l’enseignement et la recherche, la structure de l’organisation et de la gestion ou bien le financement. Les pouvoirs publics arrêtent eux aussi leurs choix et se servent des instruments politiques et financiers dont ils disposent pour définir la mission des établissements, les priorités à respecter et les systèmes d’enseignement supérieur. Mais s’ils veulent véritablement élargir l’accès à la société du savoir et faire en sorte que l’enseignement supérieur apporte une contribution plus importante au développement économique et social, il leur faut aller plus loin. La présente contribution s’appuie sur le « losange » de l’avantage compétitif, dû à Michael Porter, pour illustrer les rapports complexes entre la mission des établissements et les contraintes politiques ; il propose un changement de stratégie et de politique pour permettre aux établissements d’exploiter librement leur potentiel. Il y a là matière à réflexion pour les établissements comme pour les pouvoirs publics.
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v17-art10-fr
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  • 96
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    The University, Knowledge Spillovers and Local Development : The Experience of a New University (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 3, p. 77-100
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 27 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Université, externalités de connaissance et développement local : L'expérience d'une université nouvelle
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 3, p. 77-100
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Universities make an economic contribution to their host territory in two ways. Firstly, there is the direct impact of the initial investment and the effects of students and staff spending and universities’ operating expenditure on the surrounding economy. Secondly, universities are also public institutions that carry out missions of higher education, training and knowledge dissemination that contribute to the local accumulation of human capital, as well as missions of research and knowledge creation that promote technological progress in the host territory. However, this contribution has often been neglected in impact studies. The aim of this article will therefore be to investigate the impact that the creation of new universities has in terms of knowledge spillovers on the economic development of their host territory.
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art24-en
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  • 97
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    Next Generation Network Development in OECD Countries (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 36 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.89
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Over the last several years, a number of the major network operators have put in place network upgrade plans to implement next generation networks (NGN).
    DOI: 10.1787/234212071844
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  • 98
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    Privatisation : un défi pour l'Afrique subsaharienne (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 5 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Centre de développement de l'OCDE - Repères no.14
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Privatisation: A Challenge for Sub-Saharan Africa
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Trente-huit pays d’Afrique subsaharienne ont engagé des programmes de privatisation, suivant le schéma adopté par les pays de l’OCDE au milieu des années 1980 : privatisation des petites et moyennes entreprises (PME) au début des années 1990, les entités plus importantes – y compris les entreprises de services publics – rejoignant le mouvement au milieu de la décennie.
    DOI: 10.1787/003231472558
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  • 99
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    Is there a Case for Sophisticated Balanced-Budget Rules? (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 22 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.466
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper reviews the arguments in favor of excluding investment from fiscal policy constraints (the adoption of a “golden rule”). The paper starts by reviewing the goals and motivations of fiscal policy rules. From this analysis, it is clear that answering the question of whether investment should be excluded from those constraints can only be done once the goals and logic of those constraints are made clear. The strongest arguments in favor of a “golden rule” are those of transparency and intergenerational fairness. Other arguments, such as the possibility that public investment pays for itself, do not receive strong empirical support. The paper concludes that for a policy rule to be sustainable and have enough political and public support, it is necessary to have a proper, transparent and, therefore, different accounting treatment for investment. Whether this implies that investment should be completely excluded from fiscal policy constraints is left as an open question.
    DOI: 10.1787/604620771056
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  • 100
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    Changing Research Practices and Research Infrastructure Development (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 17, no. 1, p. 63-81
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 23 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La recherche : L'évolution des méthodes et ses répercussions sur l'infrastructure
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 17, no. 1, p. 63-81
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This paper examines changing research practices in the digital environment and draws out implications for the development of research infrastructure. Reviews of the literature, quantitative indicators of research activities and our own field research in Australia suggest that there is a new mode of knowledge production emerging, changing research practices and bringing new information access and dissemination needs. Adjustments will be required to accommodate these changes, but new opportunities are emerging for more cost-effective and sustainable information access and dissemination. To realise these opportunities, however, it will be necessary to take an holistic approach and treat the creation, production and distribution of scholarly information, the management of information rights and access, systems of review and evaluation and the underlying infrastructure as parts of a single research infrastructure and scholarly communication system.
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v17-art4-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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