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  • 2000-2004  (116)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984
  • 2001  (116)
  • World Bank Development Research Group  (116)
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  • 2000-2004  (116)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Is investment in Africa too low or too high? : macro and micro evidence (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Public Economics and Macroeconomics and Growth
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2519
    Parallel Title: Devarajan, Shantayanan Is investment in Africa too low or too high?
    Keywords: Capital movements ; Investments ; Rate of return ; Saving and investment ; Capital movements ; Investments ; Rate of return ; Saving and investment
    Abstract: Many analysts decry the level of investment in Africa, saying it is too low. But there is no evidence, in cross-country data or in microeconomic data from Tanzania, that private and public capital is productive in Africa. In that sense, investment in Africa may be viewed as too high
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 24-26) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 24, 2002 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Indigenous ethnicity and entrepreneurial success in Africa : some evidence from Ethiopia (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Macroeconomics and Growth
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2534
    Parallel Title: Taye Mengistae Indigenous ethnicity and entrepreneurial success in Africa
    Keywords: Manufacturing industries ; Minority business enterprises ; Manufacturing industries ; Minority business enterprises ; Ethiopia Ethnic relations ; Ethiopia Ethnic relations
    Abstract: Manufacturing businesses owned by an indigenous ethnic group, the Gurage typically perform better than those of members of any other (major or minority) groups in Ethiopia. Gurage-owned businesses are normally larger and grow faster. Yet Gurage business owners typically are less educated than their counterparts in other groups and have less formal vocational training
    Note: "January 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 20-21) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 19, 2002 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    When do special interests run rampant? : disentangling the role of elections, incomplete information, and checks and balances in banking crises (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Regulation and Competition Policy
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2543
    Parallel Title: Keefer, Philip When do special interests run rampant?
    Keywords: Banks and banking Political aspects ; Mathematical models ; Financial crises Mathematical models ; Fiscal policy Mathematical models ; Banks and banking Political aspects ; Mathematical models ; Financial crises Mathematical models ; Fiscal policy Mathematical models
    Abstract: Government responses to banking crises are less likely to favor special interest groups when elections are near, voters are better informed about the costs of inefficient government decisions, and governments have multiple veto players. Keefer investigates the political determinants of government decisions that benefit special interest groups, especially government decisions to deal with banking crises. He finds that the better informed the voters, the more proximate elections, and the larger the number of political veto players (conditional on the costs to voters of relevant policy decisions), the smaller the government's fiscal transfers are to the financial sector and the less likely the government is to exercise forbearance in dealing with insolvent financial institutions
    Note: "February 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-47) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 18, 2002 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    International provision of trade services, trade, and fragmentation (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2548
    Parallel Title: Deardorff, Alan V International provision of trade services, trade, and fragmentation
    Keywords: Free trade ; International trade ; Free trade ; International trade
    Note: Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 18, 2002 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mutual fund investment in emerging markets : an overview (2001)
    Washington, DC : World Bank, Development Research Group, Macroeconomics and Growth
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2529
    Parallel Title: Kaminsky, Graciela Laura Mutual fund investment in emerging markets
    Keywords: Investments ; Mutual funds ; Investments ; Mutual funds
    Note: Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 23, 2002 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    How much war will we see? : estimating the incidence of civil war in 161 countries (2001)
    Washington, DC : World Bank, Development Research Group, Public Economics
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2533
    Parallel Title: Elbadawi, Ibrahim How much war will we see?
    Keywords: Civil war Forecasting ; Liberalism Economic aspects ; Civil war Forecasting ; Liberalism Economic aspects
    Note: Also available in print , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 19, 2002
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Household schooling decisions in rural Pakistan (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Poverty and Human Resources
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2541
    Parallel Title: Sawada, Yasayuki Household schooling decisions in rural Pakistan
    Keywords: Education Decision making ; Econometric models ; School attendance Econometric models ; Sex discrimination in education ; Education Decision making ; Econometric models ; School attendance Econometric models ; Sex discrimination in education
    Abstract: An analysis of a field survey to investigate household decisions about schooling in rural Pakistan suggests that hiring more female teachers and providing more primary schools for girls closer to villages will improve the chances of rural Pakistani girls entering school and staying enrolled
    Note: "February 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 22-24) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 19, 2002 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The gender implications of public sector downsizing : The Reform Program of Vietnam (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Public Service Delivery, Development Research Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2573
    Parallel Title: Rama, Martín The gender implications of public sector downsizing
    Keywords: Downsizing of organizations ; Privatization ; Sex discrimination in employment ; Unemployed women workers ; Downsizing of organizations ; Privatization ; Sex discrimination in employment ; Unemployed women workers
    Note: "March 28, 2001 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on September 20, 2002 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The value of relationship banking during financial crises : evidence from the Republic of Korea (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Finance
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2553
    Parallel Title: Ferri, Giovanni The value of relationship banking during financial crises
    Keywords: Bank ; Kreditgeschäft ; Finanzkrise ; Südkorea ; Bank liquidity Econometric models ; Bank loans Econometric models ; Banks and banking Econometric models ; Business enterprises Econometric models Finance ; Financial crises Econometric models ; Relationship banking Econometric models ; Bank liquidity Econometric models ; Bank loans Econometric models ; Banks and banking Econometric models ; Business enterprises Econometric models Finance ; Financial crises Econometric models ; Relationship banking Econometric models
    Abstract: Relationship banking, with surviving banks, has a positive value during a systemic financial crisis. For many viable small and medium-size businesses in the Republic of Korea, relationship banking reduced liquidity constraints and thus diminished the probability of unwarranted bankruptcy during the country's financial crisis of 1997-98
    Note: "February 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 34-39) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 18, 2002 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Democracy and income inequality : an empirical analysis (2001)
    Washington, DC : World Bank, Development Research Group, Poverty and Human Resources
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2561
    Parallel Title: Gradstein, Mark Democracy and income inequality
    Keywords: Democratization Religious aspects ; Equality Religious aspects ; Income distribution Religious aspects ; Democratization Religious aspects ; Equality Religious aspects ; Income distribution Religious aspects
    Abstract: Ideology, as proxied by a country's dominant religion, seems to be related to inequality. In Judeo-Christian societies increased democratization appears to lower inequality; in Muslim and Confucian societies it has an insignificant effect. One reason for this difference may be that Muslim and Confucian societies rely on informal transfers to reach the desired level of inequality, while Judeo-Christian societies, where family ties are weaker, use political action
    Note: "March 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 36-38) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 17, 2002 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Decomposing world income distribution : does the world have a middle class? (2001)
    Washington, DC : World Bank, Development Research Group, Poverty and Human Resources
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2562
    Parallel Title: Milanovic, Branko Decomposing world income distribution
    Keywords: Income distribution Statistics ; Middle class ; Income distribution Statistics ; Middle class
    Abstract: In Asia inequality in income between countries is more important than inequality within countries. In Africa, Latin America, and western Europe and North America, by contrast, there are only small differences between countries; inequality within countries is more important. And when countries are divided in three groups by income level, there is little overlap, very few people in developing countries have incomes in the range of those in the rich countries
    Note: Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 17. 2002 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Shaping future GATS rules for trade in services (2001)
    Washington, DC : World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2596
    Parallel Title: Mattoo, Aaditya Shaping future GATS rules for trade in services
    Keywords: General Agreement on Trade in Services ; General Agreement on Trade in Services (1994) ; Service industries Law and legislation ; Protectionism ; International trade ; International trade ; Protectionism ; Service industries Law and legislation
    Abstract: The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) has created a more secure environment for trade in services, but it has not created the negotiating momentum to reduce protection or the rules to ensure that protection takes a considerable form. In dealing with the trade-impeding impact of domestic regulators, it has achieved even less
    Abstract: The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) has created a more secure environment for trade in services, but it has not created the negotiating momentum to reduce protection or the rules to ensure that protection takes a considerable form. In dealing with the trade-impeding impact of domestic regulators, it has achieved even less
    Note: "April 2001 , Includes bibliographical references. (p. 30-32) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 11, 2002 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sugar policy and reform (2001)
    Washington, DC : World Bank, Development Research Group, Rural Development
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2602
    Parallel Title: Larson, Donald F Sugar policy and reform
    Keywords: Intervention (Federal government) ; Sugar laws and legislation ; Intervention (Federal government) ; Sugar laws and legislation
    Abstract: Interventions in sugar markets come about for many reasons. Often the consequences of these policies persist even when the circumstances that motivated them change. Or the underlying problems that motivated past interventions remain even when it's clear that current approaches have failed. Reform of sugar markets needs to go beyond eliminating failed policies, and find lasting solutions
    Note: "May 2001 , Includes bibliographical references. (p. 33-36) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 10, 2002 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Financial dependence and international trade (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Finance, Development Research Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2609
    Parallel Title: Beck, Thorsten Financial dependence and international trade
    Keywords: Comparative advantage (International trade) ; Exports ; Industries Finance ; International trade ; Investments, Foreign ; Comparative advantage (International trade) ; Exports ; Industries Finance ; International trade ; Investments, Foreign
    Abstract: Does financial development translate into a comparative advantage in industries that use more external finance? Yes, it does
    Note: "May 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 21-23) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 09, 2002 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Are incentives everything? : payment mechanisms for health care providers in developing countries (2001)
    [Washington, D.C.] : World Bank, Development Research Group, Public Service Delivery
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2624
    Parallel Title: Gauri, Varun Are incentives everything?
    Keywords: Medical care ; Payment ; Public health ; Medical care ; Payment ; Public health
    Note: "June 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 16-20) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 07, 2002 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Monopoly power and distribution in fragmented markets : the case of groundwater (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Rural Development
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2628
    Parallel Title: Jacoby, Hanan Monopoly power and distribution in fragmented markets
    Keywords: Groundwater ; Groundwater Econometric models ; Monopolies ; Groundwater ; Groundwater Econometric models ; Monopolies
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 31-32) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 07, 2002 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Optimal use of carbon sequestration in a global climate change strategy : is there a wooden bridge to a clean energy future? (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Infrastructure and Environment
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2635
    Parallel Title: Lecocq, Franck Optimal use of carbon sequestration in a global climate change strategy
    Keywords: Carbon sequestration ; Carbon sequestration Econometric models ; Climatic changes ; Carbon sequestration ; Carbon sequestration Econometric models ; Climatic changes
    Note: "July 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 22-23) , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Inequality convergence (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2645
    Parallel Title: Ravallion, Martin Inequality convergence
    Keywords: Convergence ; Income distribution Econometric models ; Income distribution Statistics ; Convergence ; Income distribution Econometric models ; Income distribution Statistics
    Abstract: Is income inequality tending to fall in countries with high inequality and to rise in those where inequality is low? Is there a process of convergence toward medium-level inequality?
    Note: "July 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 15-16) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 05, 2002 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Foreign direct investment and integration into global production and distribution networks : the case of Poland (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2646
    Parallel Title: Kaminski, Bartomiej Foreign direct investment and integration into global production and distribution networks
    Keywords: Exports ; Imports ; Investments, Foreign ; Exports ; Imports ; Investments, Foreign ; European Union countries Commerce ; Poland Commerce ; Poland Economic integration ; European Union countries Commerce ; Poland Commerce ; Poland Economic integration
    Abstract: Integration into the production and marketing arrangements of multinational corporations may offer many benefits to transition economies that, after a long period of isolation, have liberalized trade and investment. The fragmentation of production offers a unique opportunity for producers in developing countries to move from servicing small local markets to supplying large firms abroad and, indirectly, their customers all over the world
    Note: "July 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 24-25) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 05, 2002 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The impact of the AIDS epidemic on the health of the elderly in Tanzania (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Public Services Delivery
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2649
    Parallel Title: Ainsworth, Martha The impact of the AIDS epidemic on the health of the elderly in Tanzania
    Keywords: AIDS (Disease) ; AIDS (Disease) Prevention ; Older people Health and hygiene ; AIDS (Disease) ; AIDS (Disease) Prevention ; Older people Health and hygiene
    Note: "July 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 21-23) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 05, 2002 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Thirst for reform? : private sector participation in Mexico City's water sector (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Regulation and Competition Policy
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2654
    Parallel Title: Haggarty, Luke Thirst for reform?
    Keywords: Concessions ; Municipal engineering ; Municipal water supply ; Water resources development ; Concessions ; Municipal engineering ; Municipal water supply ; Water resources development
    Abstract: In the early 1990s Mexico City's Federal District (the D.F.) initiated a series of service contracts with four operators in the private sector, each to be implemented in three stages over ten years. The idea was to introduce competitive pressures and to find out if a "gradualist" aaproach would reduce social and political opposition to private sector involvement and would allow the government to address pricing problems and strengthen regulatory arrangements
    Note: "August 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 66-69) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 12, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Markups, entry regulation, and trade : does country size matter? (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2662
    Parallel Title: Hoekman, Bernard M Markups, entry regulation, and trade
    Keywords: Competition ; Corporations, Foreign ; Manufactures Prices ; Markup ; New business enterprises ; Pricing ; Trade regulation ; Competition ; Corporations, Foreign ; Manufactures Prices ; Markup ; New business enterprises ; Pricing ; Trade regulation
    Abstract: Country size matters in determining the effectiveness of domestic and foreign competition on pricing behavior in manufacturing. Removing barriers to entry of new firms reduces markups more in large countries, while removing barriers to imports reduces markups more in small countries
    Note: "August 2001 , "Background paper for World development report 2002"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 26-30) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 03, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Measuring aggregate welfare in developing countries : how well do national accounts and surveys agree? (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Poverty
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2665
    Parallel Title: Ravallion, Martin Measuring aggregate welfare in developing countries
    Keywords: Consumption (Economics) ; Household surveys ; National income Accounting ; Consumption (Economics) ; Household surveys ; National income Accounting
    Abstract: The two sources of data on aggregate economic welfare, household surveys and national accounts, can yield different results. How large is this divergence? How is it changing over time? And how does it vary by region?
    Note: "August 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 20-21) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 03, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stock markets, banks, and growth : correlation or causality (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Finance
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2670
    Parallel Title: Beck, Thorsten Stock markets, banks, and growth
    Keywords: Banks and banking Econometric models Economic aspects ; Causation Econometric models ; Economic development Econometric models ; Stock exchanges Econometric models Economic aspects ; Banks and banking Econometric models Economic aspects ; Causation Econometric models ; Economic development Econometric models ; Stock exchanges Econometric models Economic aspects
    Abstract: Analysis of a panel data set for 1976-98 shows that on balance stock markets and banks positively influence economic growth; findings that do not result from biases induced by simultaneity, omitted variables, or unobserved country-specific effects
    Note: "September 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 17-19) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 30, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Do workfare participants recover quickly from retrenchment? (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Poverty
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2672
    Parallel Title: Available in another form Do workfare participants recover quickly from retrenchment?
    Keywords: World Bank ; World Bank ; Downsizing of organizations Economic aspects ; Economic assistance ; Welfare recipients Employment ; Downsizing of organizations Economic aspects ; Economic assistance ; Welfare recipients Employment ; Income ; Income
    Abstract: A lot can be learned about the impact of an antipoverty program by studying income replacement for those observed to leave the program after its retrenchment. A Bank-supported workfare program in Argentina is found to have a sizeable impact on participants' incomes
    Note: "September 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 23-24) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 30, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Emerging markets instability : do sovereign ratings affect country risk and stock returns? (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Macroeconomics and Growth
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2678
    Parallel Title: Kaminsky, Graciela Laura Emerging markets instability
    Keywords: Country risk ; Credit ratings ; Financial crises ; Financial institutions Ratings ; Rate of return ; Country risk ; Credit ratings ; Financial crises ; Financial institutions Ratings ; Rate of return
    Abstract: Changes in sovereign ratings affect country risk and stock returns. And these changes are transmitted across countries, with neighbor-country effects being more significant
    Note: "September 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 21-22) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 29, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Aid, shocks, and growth (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Office of the Director
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2688
    Parallel Title: Collier, Paul Aid, shocks, and growth
    Keywords: Economic assistance ; Prices ; Exports ; Economic assistance ; Exports ; Prices ; Developing countries Economic policy ; Developing countries
    Abstract: Not surprisingly, extreme negative export price shocks reduce growth. But these adverse effects can be mitigated through offsetting increases in aid. Indeed, targeting aid to countries experiencing negative shocks appears to be even more important for aid effectiveness than targeting aid to countries with good policies
    Abstract: Not surprisingly, extreme negative export price shocks reduce growth. But these adverse effects can be mitigated through offsetting increases in aid. Indeed, targeting aid to countries experiencing negative shocks appears to be even more important for aid effectiveness than targeting aid to countries with good policies
    Note: "October 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 11) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 26, 2002 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ringing in the 20th century : the effects of state monopolies, private ownership, and operating licenses on telecommunications in Europe, 1892-1914 (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Regulation and Competition Policy
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2690
    Parallel Title: Wallsten, Scott J Ringing in the 20th century
    Keywords: Government monopolies History ; Telecommunication Ownership ; History ; Telecommunication Privatization ; Telecommunication policy History ; Government monopolies History ; Telecommunication Ownership ; History ; Telecommunication Privatization ; Telecommunication policy History
    Note: "October 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 19-20) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 26, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    On decomposing the causes of health sector inequalities with an application to malnutrition in Vietnam (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Public Services for Human Development, and, Development Data Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2714
    Parallel Title: Wagstaff, Adam On decomposing the causes of health sector inequalities with an application to malnutrition in Vietnam
    Keywords: Children, Poor Econometric models ; Equality Econometric models Vietnam ; Malnutrition in children Econometric models ; Medical care Econometric models ; Public health Econometric models ; Children, Poor Econometric models ; Equality Econometric models Vietnam ; Malnutrition in children Econometric models ; Medical care Econometric models ; Public health Econometric models
    Abstract: A method for decomposing inequalities in the health sector into their causes is developed and applied to data on child malnutrition in Vietnam
    Note: "November 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 18-19) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 24, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Does foreign bank penetration reduce access to credit in developing countries : evidence from asking borrowers (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Finance
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2716
    Parallel Title: Clarke, George R. G Does foreign bank penetration reduce access to credit in developing countries
    Keywords: Bank loans ; Banks and banking, Foreign ; Business enterprises Finance ; Credit ; Bank loans ; Banks and banking, Foreign ; Business enterprises Finance ; Credit
    Abstract: How does entry by foreign banks affect lending to small and medium-size anterprises in developing countries? Analysis of data from a large cross-country survey of enterprises finds that foreign bank entry benefits firms of all sizes, although it seems to benefit larger firms more
    Note: "November 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 22-25) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 24, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    International migration and the global economic order : an overview (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Macroeconomics and Growth
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2720
    Parallel Title: Solimano, Andrés International migration and the global economic order
    Keywords: Emigration and immigration Economic aspects ; Globalization Economic aspects ; Human capital ; Resource allocation ; Emigration and immigration Economic aspects ; Globalization Economic aspects ; Human capital ; Resource allocation
    Abstract: Global capitalism, vintage 21st century, is less friendly to the international migration of unskilled people than were previous waves of globalization (such as that of the late 19th century). A freer regime for international migration could help to reduce global economic inequality, improve the allocation of world resources and ease labor shortages during periods of rapid growth. But the flight of human capital talent, and entrepreneurs can be detrimental for developing countries
    Note: "November 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 25-28) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 24, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 32
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    Online Resource
    Firm-level survey provides data on Asia's corporate crisis and recovery (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Macroeconomics and Growth
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2515
    Parallel Title: Hallward-Driemeier, Mary Firm-level survey provides data on Asia's corporate crisis and recovery
    Keywords: Financial crises ; Industrial productivity Statistics ; Industries Databases ; Financial crises ; Industrial productivity Statistics ; Industries Databases
    Note: "January 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 18-22) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 24, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 33
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    Online Resource
    Can reforming global institutions help developing countries share more in the benefits from globalization? (2001)
    Washington, DC : World Bank, Development Research Group, Macroeconomics and Growth
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2518
    Parallel Title: Solimano, Andrés Can reforming global institutions help developing countries share more in the benefits from globalization?
    Keywords: Globalization ; International agencies ; International cooperation ; International economic integration ; Globalization ; International agencies ; International cooperation ; International economic integration ; Developing countries Economic conditions ; Developing countries Economic conditions
    Abstract: Globalization has expanded both opportunities and risks. How should responsibilities be allocated [and coordinated] between the global financial institutions that developed in the 1940s and the regional financial institutions that began developing in the 1960s? Can growth-oriented policies be harmonized at national and global levels to reduce volatility and promote social equity?
    Note: "January 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 27-30) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 24, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trade in international maritime services : how much does policy matter? (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2522
    Parallel Title: Fink, Carsten Trade in international maritime services
    Keywords: Shipbuilding industry ; Shipping ; Shipbuilding industry ; Shipping
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 24, 2002 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 35
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    Online Resource
    Is inequality bad for business? : a nonlinear microeconomic model of wealth effects on self-employment (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Poverty and Human Resources
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2527
    Parallel Title: Mesnard, Alice Is inequality bad for business?
    Keywords: Entrepreneurship ; Income distribution ; Small business ; Wealth ; Entrepreneurship ; Income distribution ; Small business ; Wealth
    Abstract: Data on occupational choice among return migrants in Tunisia reveal that higher inequality of wealth reduces the level of new business activity. The effect is not large, however. Even dramatic redistributions of wealth would not provide much stimulus to entrepreneurship
    Note: "January 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 22-23) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 23, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 36
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    Online Resource
    Trade policy reform in the East Asian transition economies (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2535
    Parallel Title: Martin, Will Trade policy reform in the East Asian transition economies
    Keywords: East Asia Commercial policy ; East Asia Economic conditions ; East Asia Commercial policy ; East Asia Economic conditions
    Abstract: There has been no single magic formula for the success of the East Asian transition economies (Cambodia, China, Lao People's Democratic Republic, and Vietnam), whose performance in export and income growth has been strikingly better than that of transition economies in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. Most of the trade policy problems that remain in these East Asian economies appear to be the problems more of development than of transition
    Note: "January 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 34-37) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 19, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 37
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    Online Resource
    Recapitalizing banking systems : implications for incentives and fiscal and monetary policy (2001)
    Washington, DC : World Bank, Development Research Group, Finance
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2540
    Parallel Title: Honohan, Patrick Recapitalizing banking systems
    Keywords: Banks and banking Finance ; Banks and banking Finance
    Note: Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 19, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 38
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    Online Resource
    Checks and balances, private information, and the credibility of monetary commitments (2001)
    Washington, DC : World Bank, Development Research Group, Regulation and Competition Policy
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2542
    Parallel Title: Keefer, Philip Checks and balances, private information, and the credibility of monetary commitments
    Keywords: Banks and banking, Central ; Inflation (Finance) ; Banks and banking, Central ; Inflation (Finance)
    Abstract: In economically volatile conditions in which it is more difficult for the public to distinguish inflation deliberately generated by government from inflation created by unanticipated economic shocks, the anti-inflationary effect of central bank independence will be unchanged but the effectiveness of exchange rate pegs will be significantly improved. Keefer and Stasavage develop and test several new hypotheses about the anti-inflationary effect of central bank independence and exchange rate pegs in the context of different institutions and different degrees of citizen information about government policies
    Note: Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 19, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 39
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    Online Resource
    The design of incentives for health care providers in developing countries : contracts, competition, and cost control (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Public Economics
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2547
    Parallel Title: Hammer, Jeffrey S The design of incentives for health care providers in developing countries
    Keywords: Medical care Finance ; Mathematical models ; Medical personnel Finance ; Mathematical models ; Medical care Finance ; Mathematical models ; Medical personnel Finance ; Mathematical models
    Note: Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 18, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 40
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    Online Resource
    Decentralization and accountability : are voters more vigilant in local than in national elections? (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Public Economis
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2557
    Parallel Title: Khemani, Stuti Decentralization and accountability
    Keywords: Elections ; Local elections ; State governments Elections ; Voting research ; Elections ; Local elections ; State governments Elections ; Voting research ; India Politics and government ; India Politics and government
    Abstract: Voters in India are more vigilant in monitoring government at the local than at the national level. In state assembly elections voters reward incumbents for local income growth, and punish them for a rise in inequality, over their entire term in office. But in national elections voters behave myopically, rewarding growth in national income and a fall in inflation and inequality only in the year preceding the election
    Note: "February 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 16-17) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 17, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 41
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    Online Resource
    Policy reform, economic growth, and the digital divide : an econometric analysis (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, East Development Research Group, Infrastructure and Environment
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working papers 2567
    Parallel Title: Dasgupta, Susmita Policy reform, economic growth, and the digital divide
    Keywords: Digital divide Econometric models ; Internet users Econometric models ; Telecommunication Econometric models ; Digital divide Econometric models ; Internet users Econometric models ; Telecommunication Econometric models
    Note: "March 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p.16-18) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 16, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 42
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    Online Resource
    Measuring equity in health care financing : reflections on and alternatives to the World Health Organization's fairness of financing index (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Poverty and Human Resources and Human Development Network, Health, Nutrition, and Population Team
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2550
    Parallel Title: Wagstaff, Adam Measuring equity in health care financing
    Keywords: Medical care Finance ; Medical care Finance
    Note: Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 18, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Developing rainfall-based index insurance in Morocco (2001)
    World Bank, Middle East and North Africa Region, Private Sector Development and Finance Group; Development Research Group, Rural Development; Financial Sector Department
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2577
    Parallel Title: Available in another form Developing rainfall-based index insurance in Morocco
    Keywords: Agricultural insurance ; Crop insurance ; Crops and climate ; Rain and rainfall ; Agricultural insurance ; Crop insurance ; Crops and climate ; Rain and rainfall
    Abstract: Almost 90 percent of Moroccan agriculture is not irrigated, and since most of Morocco's crops depend on adequate rainfall, yields and production vary widely. A drought insurance program based on rainfall index contracts is feasible in parts of Morocco and could significantly benefit its farmers
    Note: "April 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 32) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 13, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Structural adjustment and forest resources : the impact of World Bank operations (2001)
    World Bank, Development Research Group, Infrastructure and environment
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2584
    Parallel Title: Pandey, Kiran D Structural adjustment and forest resources
    Keywords: Deforestation Econometric models ; Economic development Econometric models Environmental aspects ; Environmental impact analysis Econometric models ; Loans, Foreign Econometric models Environmental aspects ; Structural adjustment (Economic policy) Econometric models Environmental aspects ; Deforestation Econometric models ; Economic development Econometric models Environmental aspects ; Environmental impact analysis Econometric models ; Loans, Foreign Econometric models Environmental aspects ; Structural adjustment (Economic policy) Econometric models Environmental aspects
    Abstract: Structural adjustment has not promoted domestic deforestation, but it has increased net imports of wood products, implying some displacement of pressure onto other countries' forest resources. Devaluations have significantly increased the exploitation of forest resources
    Note: "April 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 22-23) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 12, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Weightless machines and costless knowledge (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Trade, Development Research Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2598
    Parallel Title: Barba Navaretti, Giorgio Weightless machines and costless knowledge
    Keywords: Diffusion of innovations Economic aspects ; Industrial productivity ; Technology transfer Economic aspects ; Diffusion of innovations Economic aspects ; Industrial productivity ; Technology transfer Economic aspects
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on September 20, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Growth is good for the poor (2001)
    World Bank, Development Research Group, Macroeconomics and growth
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2587
    Parallel Title: Dollar, David Growth is good for the poor
    Keywords: Economic development Econometric models ; Income distribution Econometric models ; Poor Econometric models ; Economic development Econometric models ; Income distribution Econometric models ; Poor Econometric models
    Abstract: When average incomes rise, the average incomes of the poorest fifth of society rise proportionately. This holds across regions, periods, income levels, and growth rates. But relatively little is known about the broad forces that account for the variations across countries and across time in the share of income accruing to the poorest fifth
    Note: "April 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 30-35) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 12, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 47
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    Online Resource
    Unrestricted market access for Sub-Saharan Africa : how much is it worth and who pays (2001)
    World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2595
    Parallel Title: Ianchovichina, Elena Unrestricted market access for Sub-Saharan Africa
    Keywords: Duty-free importations Econometric models ; Duty-free importations Econometric models ; Tariff Econometric models ; Tariff Econometric models ; Tariff preferences Econometric models ; Tariff preferences Econometric models ; Duty-free importations Econometric models ; Duty-free importations Econometric models ; Tariff Econometric models ; Tariff Econometric models ; Tariff preferences Econometric models ; Tariff preferences Econometric models
    Abstract: The European Union, Japan and the United States have recently announced initiatives to improve market access for the poorest countries. How would these initiatives affect Sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world
    Note: "April 2001 , Includes bibliographical references. (p. 23-24) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 11, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    State ownership and labor redundancy : estimates based on enterprise-level data from Vietnam (2001)
    Washington, DC : World Bank, Development Research Group, Public Service Delivery
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2599
    Parallel Title: Belser, Patrick State ownership and labor redundancy
    Keywords: Privatization Econometric models ; Government corporations Econometric models Officials and employees ; Dismissal of ; Employees Econometric models Dismissal of ; International trade Econometric models ; Corporations, Government Econometric models Officials and employees ; Dismissal of ; Employees Econometric models Dismissal of ; International trade Econometric models ; Privatization Econometric models
    Abstract: To predict the number of workers who will lose their jobs if state-owned enterprises are privatized or restructured, several approaches have been taken: drawing on international experience, accepting estimates from current directors of state enterprises, and inferring the number of redundancies from ad hoc indicators of profitability, productivity, or labor cost. All three approaches may be irrelevant and inferior to systematically comparing employment levels across similar enterprises that differ in the share of capital owned by the state
    Note: "May 2001 , Includes bibliographical references. (p. 30-31) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 11, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Does Indonesia have a "low pay" civil service (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2621
    Parallel Title: Filmer, Deon Does Indonesia have a "low pay" civil service
    Keywords: Vergütungssystem im öffentlichen Dienst ; Indonesien ; Civil service Corrupt practices ; Civil service ; Political corruption ; Civil service Corrupt practices ; Civil service ; Political corruption
    Abstract: Indonesia has long been characterized as having a "low-pay civil service" which is in turn used to explain corruption at various levels of government. Analysis of individual and household level data show that the earnings of government employees, on average, is comparable to what they might earn in the private sector. Changing the structure of compensation may be an important part of civil service reform, but should not be seen as the main instrument to address corruption
    Note: "June 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 17-18) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 07, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Australia's experience with local content programs in the auto industry : lessons for India and other developing countries (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2625
    Parallel Title: Pursell, Garry Australia's experience with local content programs in the auto industry
    Keywords: Automobile industry and trade ; Automobile industry and trade ; Automobile industry and trade ; Automobile industry and trade ; Automobile industry and trade ; Automobile industry and trade
    Note: "June 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 18) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 07, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 51
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    Online Resource
    Parallel imports of pharmaceutical products in the European Union (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2630
    Parallel Title: Ganslandt, Mattias Parallel imports of pharmaceutical products in the European Union
    Keywords: Drugs Econometric models Prices ; Gray market Econometric models ; Imports Econometric models ; Price regulation Econometric models ; Trademarks (International law) Econometric models ; Drugs Econometric models Prices ; Gray market Econometric models ; Imports Econometric models ; Price regulation Econometric models ; Trademarks (International law) Econometric models
    Abstract: Parallel imports are legitimately produced goods imported legally into a country without the authorization of a trademark, copyright, or patent holder. In the European Union, so long as a pharmaceutical manufacturer has placed a good on the market voluntarily, the principle of free movement of goods allows individuals or firms within the EU to trade goods across borders without the consent of the producer. What is the effect of these parallel imports?
    Note: "July 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 22) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 07, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    China's growth and poverty reduction : recent trends between 1990 and 1999 (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Poverty and World Bank Institute, Economic Policy and Poverty Reduction Division
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2651
    Parallel Title: Chen, Shaohua China's growth and poverty reduction
    Keywords: Education ; Poverty ; Poverty Statistics ; Regional disparities ; Education ; Poverty ; Poverty Statistics ; Regional disparities ; China Economic conditions 1976-2000 ; Statistics ; China Economic conditions 1976-2000 ; Statistics
    Note: "July 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 16-18) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 10, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The ability of banks to lend to informationally opaque small businesses (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Finance
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2656
    Parallel Title: Berger, Allen N The ability of banks to lend to informationally opaque small businesses
    Keywords: Bank loans ; Commercial loans ; Financial institutions ; Small business ; Bank loans ; Commercial loans ; Financial institutions ; Small business
    Abstract: Large and foreign-owned institutions may have difficulty extending relationship loans to informationally opaque small firms. Bank distress does not appear to affect small business lending, although even small firms may react to bank distress by borrowing from multiple banks
    Note: "August 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 31-36) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 04, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Short and long-run integration : do capital controls matter? (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Macroeconomics and Growth
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2660
    Parallel Title: Kaminsky, Graciela Laura Short and long-run integration
    Keywords: Capital market ; Capital movement ; Capital market ; Capital movement
    Abstract: Do controls on capital flows persistently isolate domestic markets from international markets? Or is the insulation they provide just ephemeral?
    Note: "August 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 24-26) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 03, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Firms as financial intermediaries : evidence from trade credit data (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Finance
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2696
    Parallel Title: Demirguç-Kunt, Asli Firms as financial intermediaries
    Keywords: Borrowing and lending ; Corporations Finance ; Export credit ; Intermediation (Finance) ; Borrowing and lending ; Corporations Finance ; Export credit ; Intermediation (Finance)
    Abstract: Trade credit can be an important complement to lending by financial intermediaries
    Note: "October 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 32-33) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 24, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bank regulation and supervision : what works best? (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Finance, and, Financial Sector Strategy and Policy Department
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2725
    Parallel Title: Barth, James R Bank regulation and supervision
    Keywords: Bank management ; Banking law ; Banks and banking State supervision ; Disclosure of information ; Bank management ; Banking law ; Banks and banking State supervision ; Disclosure of information
    Abstract: The regulatory and supervisory practices most effective in promoting good performance and stability in the banking sector are those that force accurate information disclosure, empower private sector monitoring of banks, and foster incentives for private agents to exert corporate control
    Note: "November 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 42-48) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 24, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Antidumping as safeguard policy (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2730
    Parallel Title: Finger, J. M Antidumping as safeguard policy
    Keywords: Competition, Unfair ; Dumping (International trade) ; Imports ; Competition, Unfair ; Dumping (International trade) ; Imports
    Abstract: Developing countries are now using antidumping more frequently than its traditional users such as the United States. It has become a real threat to continuing liberalization by Developing countries
    Note: "December 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 11) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 24, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Deposit dollarization and the financial sector in emerging economies (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Finance
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (27 p) , ill , 28 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2748
    Parallel Title: Honohan, Patrick Deposit dollarization and the financial sector in emerging economies
    DDC: 320.6 s
    Keywords: Bank deposits ; Banks and banking, Foreign ; Credit ; Dollarization ; Foreign exchange ; Bank deposits ; Banks and banking, Foreign ; Credit ; Dollarization ; Foreign exchange
    Abstract: An increasing share of bank deposits in developing countries is denominated in foreign currency. This trend may have adverse implications for the cost and availability of credit
    Note: "December 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 24-25) , Also available in print.
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  • 59
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Can duty-drawbacks have a protectionist bias? : evidence from Mercosur (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2523
    Parallel Title: Cadot, Olivier Can duty-drawbacks have a protectionist bias?
    Keywords: Duty-free importation ; Exports ; Protectionism ; Tariff ; Duty-free importation ; Exports ; Protectionism ; Tariff
    Abstract: Evidence from Mercosur suggests that eliminating duty drawbacks for intra-regional exports would lead to increased counterlobbying against protection of intermediate products. Without the duty drawback, the common external tariff would have been an estimated 3.5 percentage points (25 percent) higher on average
    Note: "January 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 25-28) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 23, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Growth implosions, debt explosions, and my aunt Marilyn : do growth slowdowns cause public debt crises? (2001)
    Washington, DC : World Bank, Development Research Group, Macroeconomics and Growth
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2531
    Parallel Title: Easterly, William Growth implosions, debt explosions, and my aunt Marilyn
    Keywords: Debts, Public Econometric models ; Endogenous growth Econometric models ; Debts, Public Econometric models ; Endogenous growth Econometric models
    Note: Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 23, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 61
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    Online Resource
    Household strategies for coping with poverty and social exclusion in post-crisis Russia (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Poverty and Human Resources, and, Europe and Central Asia Region, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Sector Unit
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2556
    Parallel Title: Lokshin, Michael Household strategies for coping with poverty and social exclusion in post-crisis Russia
    Keywords: Financial crises Economic aspects ; Income Effect of education on ; Poverty ; Financial crises Economic aspects ; Income Effect of education on ; Poverty ; Income Effect of family size on ; Income Effect of family size on
    Abstract: For Russian households coping with economic hardship in the wake of the recent financial crisis, the choice of survival strategy has strongly depended on their human capital. The higher a household's level of human capital, the more likely it is to choose an active strategy
    Note: "February 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 18-19) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 17, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 62
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    Online Resource
    The effect of International Monetary Fund and World Bank programs on poverty (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Macroeconomics and Growth, Development Research Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2517
    Parallel Title: Easterly, William The effect of International Monetary Fund and World Bank programs on poverty
    Keywords: Structural adjustment (Economic policy) ; Structural adjustment (Economic policy)
    Note: "January 2001 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on September 26, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Labor market rigidity and the success of economic reforms across more than one hundred countries (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2521
    Parallel Title: Forteza, Alvaro Labor market rigidity and the success of economic reforms across more than one hundred countries
    Keywords: Economic development Effect of Labor market on ; Labor mobility Econometric models ; Labor unions Econometric models ; Manpower policy Econometric models ; Economic development Effect of Labor market on ; Labor mobility Econometric models ; Labor unions Econometric models ; Manpower policy Econometric models
    Abstract: Labor market policies and institutions affect the success of economic reform but probably more for political than for economic reasons. Growth appears not to be hurt by minimum wages and mandatory benefits. But the relative size of organized labor (in government and elsewhere) is crucial
    Note: "January 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 33-35) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 24, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The quality of bureaucracy and capital account policies (2001)
    World Bank, Development Research Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2575
    Parallel Title: Bai, Chong-En The quality of bureaucracy and capital account policies
    Keywords: Administrative agencies Econometric models Management ; Bureaucracy Econometric models Corrupt practices ; Capital market Econometric models Deregulation ; Capital market Econometric models State supervision ; Corrupt practices ; Finance Econometric models Deregulation ; Financial institutions Econometric models State supervision ; Corrupt practices ; Government productivity Econometric models ; Institution building Econometric models Economic aspects ; Administrative agencies Econometric models Management ; Bureaucracy Econometric models Corrupt practices ; Capital market Econometric models Deregulation ; Capital market Econometric models State supervision ; Corrupt practices ; Finance Econometric models Deregulation ; Financial institutions Econometric models State supervision ; Corrupt practices ; Government productivity Econometric models ; Institution building Econometric models Economic aspects
    Note: "March 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 27-29) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 13, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    How the location of roads and protected areas affects deforestation in North Thailand (2001)
    World Bank, Development Research Group, Infrastructure and environment
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2583
    Parallel Title: Cropper, Maureen M How the location of roads and protected areas affects deforestation in North Thailand
    Keywords: Clearing of land Econometric models ; Deforestation Econometric models ; National parks and reserves Econometric models Environmental aspects ; Roads Econometric models Environmental aspects ; Wildlife refuges Econometric models Environmental aspects ; Clearing of land Econometric models ; Deforestation Econometric models ; National parks and reserves Econometric models Environmental aspects ; Roads Econometric models Environmental aspects ; Wildlife refuges Econometric models Environmental aspects
    Abstract: Establishing protected areas (national parks together with wildlife sanctuaries) in North Thailand did not reduce the likelihood of forest clearing, but wildlife sanctuaries may have reduced the probability of deforestation. Where new roads are located affects how much of a threat they are to the protected areas
    Note: "April 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 20) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 13, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The regulation and supervision of banks around the world : a new database (2001)
    World Bank, Development Research Group, Finance, and, Financial Sector Strategy and Policy Department
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2588
    Parallel Title: Barth, James R The regulation and supervision of banks around the world
    Keywords: World Bank Databases ; World Bank Databases ; Banking law Databases ; Banks and banking State supervision ; Databases ; Banking law Databases ; Banks and banking State supervision ; Databases
    Abstract: This new and comprehensive database on the regulation and supervision of banks in 107 countries should better inform advice about bank ewgulation and supervision and lower the marginal cost of empirical research
    Note: "April 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 32) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 12, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    How adverse selection affects the health insurance market (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Public Economics
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2574
    Parallel Title: Belli, Paolo How adverse selection affects the health insurance market
    Keywords: Adverse selection (Insurance) Mathematical models ; Health insurance Mathematical models ; Managed care plans (Medical care) Mathematical models ; Adverse selection (Insurance) Mathematical models ; Health insurance Mathematical models ; Managed care plans (Medical care) Mathematical models
    Abstract: There may be a price to pay (in terms of inefficient coverage) if competition among health insurers is encouraged as a way to give patients greater choice and to achieve better control over insurance providers
    Note: "March 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 30-31) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 13, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    How accession to the European Union has affected external trade and foreign direct investment in Central European economies (2001)
    World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2578
    Parallel Title: Kamínski, Bartomiej How accession to the European Union has affected external trade and foreign direct investment in Central European economies
    Keywords: International business enterprises ; Investments, Foreign ; International business enterprises ; Investments, Foreign ; Europe Economic integration ; Europe, Central Foreign economic relations ; Europe Economic integration ; Europe, Central Foreign economic relations
    Abstract: During the Central European countries' reintegration into the world economy, their proximity and accession to the European Union greatly affected first the flow of capital and then the flow of goods. Countries that adopted radical liberal reform and had preferential access to EU markets have benefited most, attracting foreign direct investment and drawing multinational corporations relocating their production sites
    Note: "April 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 41-43) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 13, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Exchange rate risk management : evidence fron East Asia (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Finance
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (35, 1, 8 p) , ill , 28 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print under title Capital structure and financial risk
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2606
    Parallel Title: Allayannis, George Exchange rate risk management
    Keywords: Debts, External ; Derivative securities ; Foreign exchange ; Hedging (Finance) ; Risk management ; Debts, External ; Derivative securities ; Foreign exchange ; Hedging (Finance) ; Risk management
    Abstract: In a large sample of East Asian nonfinancial corporations, firms using foreign currency derivatives had distinctive characteristics, such as larger size and foreign debt exposures. Unlike in studies of U.S. firms, there was only weak evidence that liquidity-constrained firms with greater growth opportunities hedged more. Firms appeared to use foreign earnings as a substitute for hedging with derivatives, and to engage in "selective" hedging. There was no evidence that East Asian firms eliminated their foreign exchange exposure by using derivatives. And firms using derivatives before the crisis performed just as poorly as nonhedgers during the crisis
    Note: "May 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 30-32) , Also available in print under title Capital structure and financial risk.
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  • 70
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    Online Resource
    The economical control of infectious diseases (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Public Service Delivery, Development Research Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2607
    Parallel Title: Gersovitz, Mark The economical control of infectious diseases
    Keywords: Communicable diseases Economic aspects ; Communicable diseases Government policy ; Communicable diseases Prevention ; Costs ; Communicable diseases Social aspects ; Preventive health services ; Communicable diseases Economic aspects ; Communicable diseases Government policy ; Communicable diseases Prevention ; Costs ; Communicable diseases Social aspects ; Preventive health services
    Abstract: If infectious people can infect other people, who in turn can infect others, and so on--the pure infection externality--government subsidies to affect private behavior should equally favor preventive and curative activities, if people recover to become susceptible again. Otherwise, other subsidy and tax strategies may make more sense
    Note: "May 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 38) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 10, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 71
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    Online Resource
    Trade and production fragmentation : Central European economies in EU networks of production and marketing (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2611
    Parallel Title: Kaminski, Bartomiej Trade and production fragmentation
    Keywords: Competition ; Competition ; Contracting out ; Contracting out ; Division of labor ; Division of labor ; Industrial productivity ; Industrial productivity ; Competition ; Competition ; Contracting out ; Contracting out ; Division of labor ; Division of labor ; Industrial productivity ; Industrial productivity
    Abstract: The unprecedented globalization of the production process, dividing up the value chain, has brought the integration of trade and the disintegration of production, with deep implications for the international division of labor. Have Central European economies been able to readjust their production structures to international markets? Three of them: Estonia, Hungary, and Slovakia have done especially well
    Note: "June 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 53-54) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 09, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 72
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    Online Resource
    Mandatory severance pay : its coverage and effects in Peru (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Public Service Delivery
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2626
    Parallel Title: MacIsaac, Donna Mandatory severance pay
    Keywords: Severance pay ; Severance pay ; Severance pay Statistics ; Severance pay ; Severance pay ; Severance pay Statistics
    Note: "June 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 26-27) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 07, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 73
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    Online Resource
    With the help of one's neighbors : externalities in the production of nutrition in Peru (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Poverty and Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Network, Poverty Division
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2627
    Parallel Title: Alderman, Harold With the help of one's neighbors
    Keywords: Children Nutrition ; Sanitation ; Women Education ; Children Nutrition ; Sanitation ; Women Education
    Note: "June 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 18-19) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 07, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 74
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    Online Resource
    Bank privatization in Argentina : a model of political constraints and differential outcomes (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Regulation and Competition Policy and Finance
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2633
    Parallel Title: Clarke, George R.G Bank privatization in Argentina
    Keywords: Banks and banking ; Banks and banking Econometric models ; Privatization ; Banks and banking ; Banks and banking Econometric models ; Privatization
    Note: "July 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 31-32) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 07, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 75
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    Online Resource
    Agglomeration economies and productivity in Indian industry (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Infrastructure and Environment
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2663
    Parallel Title: Lall, Somik V Agglomeration economies and productivity in Indian industry
    Keywords: Economic geography Econometric models ; Industrial location Econometric models Costs ; Industrial productivity Econometric models ; Infrastructure (Economics) Econometric models ; Manufacturing industries Econometric models ; Roads Econometric models Economic aspects ; Economic geography Econometric models ; Industrial location Econometric models Costs ; Industrial productivity Econometric models ; Infrastructure (Economics) Econometric models ; Manufacturing industries Econometric models ; Roads Econometric models Economic aspects
    Abstract: The benefits to Indian manufacturing firms of locating in dense urban areas do not appear to offset the associated costs. Improving the quality and availability of transport infrastructure linking smaller urban areas to the rest of the interregional network would improve manufacturing plants' access to markets and would give standardized manufacturing activities a chance to move out of large, costly urban centers to lower cost secondary centers
    Note: "August 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 23-25) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 03, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 76
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    Online Resource
    Comparative life expectancy in Africa (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Public Service Delivery
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2668
    Parallel Title: McCarthy, F. Desmond Comparative life expectancy in Africa
    Keywords: Health services accessibility ; Income Health aspects ; Life expectancy ; Sanitation Health aspects ; Water quality Health aspects ; Women Education ; Health aspects ; Health services accessibility ; Income Health aspects ; Life expectancy ; Sanitation Health aspects ; Water quality Health aspects ; Women Education ; Health aspects
    Abstract: Health outcomes are positively correlated with income, but the link is far from uniform. The key variables associated with good health outcomes (controlling for health expenditures) are access rates to health services, to clean water and sanitation, and to education, particularly for women
    Note: "August 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 17) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 30, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 77
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    Online Resource
    Global trade and food safety : winners and losers in a fragmented system (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2689
    Parallel Title: Wilson, John S Global trade and food safety
    Keywords: Exports ; Food Safety measures ; Trade regulation Economic aspects ; Exports ; Food Safety measures ; Trade regulation Economic aspects ; Developing countries Commerce ; Developing countries Commerce
    Abstract: How food safety is addressed in the world trade system is critical for developing countries that continue to rely on agricultural exports. An analysis shows that adopting a worldwide standard of a toxin affecting nuts and grains could increase trade in these commodities by
    Note: "October 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 21-23) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 26, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 78
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    Online Resource
    Regional integration and industrial growth among developing countries : the case of three ASEAN members (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2697
    Parallel Title: Madani, Dorsati Regional integration and industrial growth among developing countries
    Keywords: ASEAN ; ASEAN ; Economies of scale Econometric models ; Imports Econometric models ; International economic integration Econometric models ; Economies of scale Econometric models ; Imports Econometric models ; International economic integration Econometric models ; Asia Econometric models Commercial policy ; Southeast Asia Econometric models Economic integration ; Asia Econometric models Commercial policy ; Southeast Asia Econometric models Economic integration
    Abstract: Has the revival of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in the early 1990s affected the industrial growth in Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines? Perhaps not in the early years of the revival, primarily because of the countries' long history of intra-regional trade
    Note: "October 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. [30]-[31]) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 24. 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 79
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    Online Resource
    Financial intermediary development and growth volatility : do intermediaries dampen or magnify shocks? (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Finance
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2707
    Parallel Title: Beck, Thorsten Financial intermediary development and growth volatility
    Keywords: Banks and banking Econometric models Economic aspects ; Business cycles Econometric models Economic aspects ; Economic development Econometric models ; Financial institutions Econometric models Economic aspects ; Banks and banking Econometric models Economic aspects ; Business cycles Econometric models Economic aspects ; Economic development Econometric models ; Financial institutions Econometric models Economic aspects
    Abstract: Panel data for 63 countries in 1960-97 reveal no robust relationship between the development of financial intermediaries and the volatility of growth
    Note: "November 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 30-33) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 24, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 80
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Causes of inequality in health : who you are? where you live? or who your parents were? (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Public Services for Human Development, and, Human Development Network, Office of the Vice President
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2713
    Parallel Title: Wagstaff, Adam Causes of inequality in health
    Keywords: Equality Health aspects ; Housing and health ; Income distribution Health aspects ; Regression analysis ; Social classes Health aspects ; Equality Health aspects ; Housing and health ; Income distribution Health aspects ; Regression analysis ; Social classes Health aspects
    Abstract: What explains inequality in health status among young adults in England and Wales? Inequalities in income and housing tenure play the biggest part
    Note: "November 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 17-20) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 24, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Liberalizing basic telecommunications : the Asian experience (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2718
    Parallel Title: Fink, Carsten Liberalizing basic telecommunications
    Keywords: Telecommunication Privatization ; Telecommunication policy ; Telecommunication Privatization ; Telecommunication policy
    Note: "November 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 20-21) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 28, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 82
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    Online Resource
    Implications for South Asian countries of abolishing the Multifibre Arrangement (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade, and South Asia Region
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2721
    Parallel Title: Kathuria, Sanjay Implications for South Asian countries of abolishing the Multifibre Arrangement
    Keywords: Arrangement Regarding International Trade in Textiles ; Arrangement Regarding International Trade in Textiles ; Competition, International ; Exports Taxation ; Textile industry ; Competition, International ; Exports Taxation ; Textile industry ; South Asia Commercial treaties ; South Asia Commercial treaties
    Abstract: Modeling results suggest that South Asia as a whole will gain from the abolition of the quotas under the Multifibre Arrangement. Unambiguously, however, the gains from domestic reform will increase after the abolition of the arrangement as export demand becomes more price responsive
    Note: "November 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 22-23) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 24, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Shifting tax burdens through exemptions and evasion : an empirical investigation of Uganda (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Public Services for Human Development
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2735
    Parallel Title: Gauthier, Bernard P Shifting tax burdens through exemptions and evasion
    Keywords: Business enterprises Taxation ; Tax evasion ; Tax exemption ; Business enterprises Taxation ; Tax evasion ; Tax exemption
    Abstract: Tax burdens vary for firms of different sizes due to their variable tendency to seek exemptions or evade taxes
    Note: "December 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 25) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 24, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Agricultural markets in Benin and Malawi : operation and performance of traders (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Rural Development
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2734
    Parallel Title: Fafchamps, Marcel Agricultural markets in Benin and Malawi
    Keywords: Agriculture Economic aspects ; Agriculture Economic aspects ; Farm produce Prices ; Farm produce Prices ; Farm produce Marketing ; Costs ; Farm produce Marketing ; Costs ; Agriculture Economic aspects ; Agriculture Economic aspects ; Farm produce Prices ; Farm produce Prices ; Farm produce Marketing ; Costs ; Farm produce Marketing ; Costs
    Abstract: Surveys of the operation of agricultural traders in two Sub-Saharan African countries suggest that their performance would benefit from policies aimed at increasing their asset base, reducing transaction risk, promoting more sophisticated business practices, and reducing physical marketing costs
    Note: "December 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-68) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 24, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Assisting the transition from workfare to work : a randomized experiment (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Poverty Team
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2738
    Parallel Title: Galasso, Emanuela Assisting the transition from workfare to work
    Keywords: Employment subsidies ; Poor Employment ; Welfare recipients Employment ; Employment subsidies ; Poor Employment ; Welfare recipients Employment
    Abstract: A wage subsidy increased private sector employment among poor workers in a welfare-dependent region of Argentina, but extra skill training had no impact
    Note: "December 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 21-22) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 24, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mode of foreign entry, technology transfer, and FDI policy (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2737
    Parallel Title: Mattoo, Aaditya Mode of foreign entry, technology transfer, and FDI policy
    Keywords: Business enterprises, Foreign Econometric models Government policy ; Competition Econometric models ; Investments Econometric models Government policy ; Investments, Foreign Econometric models Government policy ; Technology transfer Econometric models Costs ; Business enterprises, Foreign Econometric models Government policy ; Competition Econometric models ; Investments Econometric models Government policy ; Investments, Foreign Econometric models Government policy ; Technology transfer Econometric models Costs
    Abstract: When technology transfer is costly, a foreign firm and host country government may differ in their preferences over direct entry and acquisition. Government intervention could help induce the socially preferred choice
    Note: "December 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 23-25) , Title from title screen as viewed on Aug. 24, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 87
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    Online Resource
    Are public sector workers underpaid? : appropriate comparators in a Developing country (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Public Services for Human Development
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (37 p) , ill , 28 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2747
    Parallel Title: Bales, Sarah Are public sector workers underpaid?
    Keywords: Civil service Salaries, etc ; Wage surveys ; Wages ; Civil service Salaries, etc ; Wage surveys ; Wages ; Vietnam Officials and employees ; Salaries, etc ; Vietnam Officials and employees ; Salaries, etc
    Abstract: Does the public sector overpay or underpay workers relative to what they could earn in the private sector? Usual comparisons focus on similar jobs, but in a Developing country it is more sensible to focus on similar workers, as shown by the case of Vietnam
    Note: "December 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 25-27) , Also available in print.
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Does decentralization increase responsiveness to local needs? : evidence from Bolivia (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Public Economics
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2516
    Parallel Title: Faguet, Jean-Paul Does decentralization increase responsiveness to local needs?
    Keywords: Decentralization in government ; Government spending policy ; Local government ; Decentralization in government ; Government spending policy ; Local government
    Note: "January 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 43-44) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 24, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wage effects of unions and industrial councils in South Africa (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Poverty and Human Resources, Development Research Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2520
    Parallel Title: Butcher, Kristin F Wage effects of unions and industrial councils in South Africa
    Keywords: Labor unions ; Wages ; Labor unions ; Wages
    Note: "January 2001 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on September 26, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Racing to the bottom? : foreign investment and air pollution in developing countries (2001)
    Washington, DC : World Bank, Development Research Group, Infrastructure and Environment
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2524
    Parallel Title: Wheeler, David Racing to the bottom?
    Keywords: Air Pollution ; Economic development Environmental aspects ; Investments, Foreign ; Air Pollution ; Economic development Environmental aspects ; Investments, Foreign
    Note: "January 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 17-19) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 23, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Poverty and public celebrations in rural India (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Poverty and Human Resources
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2528
    Parallel Title: Rao, Vijayendra Poverty and public celebrations in rural India
    Keywords: Poverty ; Poverty ; India Anniversaries, etc ; India Social life and customs ; India Anniversaries, etc ; India Social life and customs
    Description / Table of Contents: Very poor households spend large sums on celebrations. To the extent that these expenditures are central to maintaining the networks essential for social relationships and coping with poverty, these are reasonable expenses. To the extent that they are status competitions, they may merely increase conspicuous consumption.
    Note: "January 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 23-25) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 23, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The uniqueness of short-term collateralization (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Finance
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2544
    Parallel Title: Klapper, Leora The uniqueness of short-term collateralization
    Keywords: Commercial loans Econometric models ; Lines of credit Econometric models ; Security (Law) ; Commercial loans Econometric models ; Lines of credit Econometric models ; Security (Law)
    Abstract: A secured letter-of-credit loan allows a lender to make larger loans than would be permissible on an unsecured basis, maximizing a risky borrower's investment capital. Empirical evidence shows that secured letters of credit are used by borrowers who are informationally opaque and have higher observable risk. Such borrowers also have fewer growth opportunities and are less likely to pay dividends
    Note: "February 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 32-33) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 18, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 93
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    Online Resource
    A race to the top? : a case study of food safety standards and African exports (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2563
    Parallel Title: Otsuki, Tsunehiro A race to the top?
    Keywords: Exports ; Food industry and trade Quality control ; Economic aspects ; Food law and legislation Economic aspects ; Imports ; Exports ; Food industry and trade Quality control ; Economic aspects ; Food law and legislation Economic aspects ; Imports ; Africa Commerce ; European Union countries Commerce ; Africa Commerce ; European Union countries Commerce
    Abstract: Implementation of the European Union's new aflatoxin standards will reduce African exports to Europe of nuts, cereals, and dried fruits, products highly sensitive to the aflatoxin standards. The EU standards would reduce health risks by only about 1.4 deaths per billion a year but would cut African exports by 64 percent, or
    Note: "March 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 21-23) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 17, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 94
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    Online Resource
    Ownership structure and the temptation to loot : evidence from privatized firms in the Czech Republic (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Regulation and competition policy
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2568
    Parallel Title: Cull, Robert J Ownership structure and the temptation to loot
    Keywords: Corporate governance ; Privatization Law and legislation ; Corporate governance ; Privatization Law and legislation
    Abstract: Evidence from the Czech Republic shows that financial incentives and regulation are as important as ownership in the design of privatization
    Note: "March 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p.31-33) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 16, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    On "indirect" trade-related R&D spillovers (2001)
    World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2580
    Parallel Title: Lumenga-Neso, Olivier On "indirect" trade-related R&D spillovers
    Keywords: Communication in international trade Econometric models ; Diffusion of innovations Econometric models ; Research, Industrial Econometric models ; Technological innovations Econometric models ; Technology transfer Econometric models ; Communication in international trade Econometric models ; Diffusion of innovations Econometric models ; Research, Industrial Econometric models ; Technological innovations Econometric models ; Technology transfer Econometric models
    Abstract: Trade does matter for the international transmission of knowledge. And the indirect trade-related transmission of knowledge is at least as important as its direct transmission
    Note: "April 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 16-17) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 13, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    On the urbanization of poverty (2001)
    World Bank, Development Research Group, Poverty
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2586
    Parallel Title: Ravallion, Martin On the urbanization of poverty
    Keywords: Poverty Econometric models ; Rural poor Econometric models ; Urban poor Econometric models ; Urbanization Econometric models ; Poverty Econometric models ; Rural poor Econometric models ; Urban poor Econometric models ; Urbanization Econometric models
    Abstract: The poor urbanize faster than the population as a whole. But experience across countries suggests that a majority of the poor will still live in rural areas long after most people in the developing world live in urban areas
    Note: "April 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 10) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 12, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Eliminating excessive tariffs on exports of least developed countries (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group. Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (51 p) , 28 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2604
    Parallel Title: Hoekman, Bernard M Eliminating excessive tariffs on exports of least developed countries
    Keywords: Duty free importation ; Exports ; Tariff ; Duty free importation ; Exports ; Tariff
    Abstract: Average most-favored-nation tariffs in the "Quad" (Canada, the European Union, Japan, and the United States) have fallen to about 5 percent. But tariffs more than three times the average most-favored-nation duty are not uncommon in the Quad and have a disproportionate effect on exports of least developed countries. Giving the poorest countries duty-free access for peak-tariff products would increase their total annual exports by roughly
    Note: "May 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 40) , Also available in print.
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Financial development and international trade : is there a link? (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Finance, Development Research Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2608
    Parallel Title: Beck, Thorsten Financial development and international trade
    Keywords: Comparative advantage (International trade) Econometric models ; Economies of scale Econometric models ; Exports Econometric models ; Manufactures Econometric models ; Comparative advantage (International trade) Econometric models ; Economies of scale Econometric models ; Exports Econometric models ; Manufactures Econometric models
    Abstract: Economies with better developed financial sectors have a comparative advantage in manufacturing industries. A two-sector model shows the sector with large scale economies profiting more than the other from a well-developed financial sector. In countries with higher levels of financial development, manufactured exports represent a higher share of GDP and of merchandise exports, and those countries have a higher trade balance in manufactured goods
    Note: "May 2001"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 27-30) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 09, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    How the quality of institutions affects technological deepening in developing countries (2001)
    Washington, DC : World Bank, Development Research Group, Regulation and Competition Policy
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2603
    Parallel Title: Clarke, George R. G How the quality of institutions affects technological deepening in developing countries
    Keywords: Associations, institutions, etc ; Eminent domain ; Investments, Foreign ; Research, Industrial Finance ; Right of property ; Technological innovations Finance ; Associations, institutions, etc ; Eminent domain ; Investments, Foreign ; Research, Industrial Finance ; Right of property ; Technological innovations Finance
    Abstract: The lower the risk of expropriation and the greater the rule of law (that is, the greater the security of property and contract rights), the greater the research and development spending in developing countries and the greater the likelihood that foreign direct investment will increase; two routes to technological deepening
    Note: "May 2001 , Includes bibliographical references. (p. 19-20) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 10, 2002 , Also available in print.
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  • 100
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    Online Resource
    Bridging the digital divide : how enterprise ownership and foreign competition affect internet access in Eastern Europe and Central Asia (2001)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank, Development Research Group, Regulation and Competition Policy
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2629
    Parallel Title: Clarke, George R. G Bridging the digital divide
    Keywords: Business enterprises Foreign ownership ; Business enterprises Foreign ownership ; Competition ; Competition ; Digital divide Economic aspects ; Digital divide Economic aspects ; Internet Economic aspects ; Internet Economic aspects ; Business enterprises Foreign ownership ; Business enterprises Foreign ownership ; Competition ; Competition ; Digital divide Economic aspects ; Digital divide Economic aspects ; Internet Economic aspects ; Internet Economic aspects
    Note: "July 2001 , Includes bibliographical references (p. 20-22) , Title from title screen as viewed on Sept. 07, 2002 , Also available in print.
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