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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (530)
  • 2000-2004  (530)
  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank  (241)
  • New York : Palgrave Macmillan US  (154)
  • Paris : OECD
Datasource
Material
Language
Years
Year
Subjects(RVK)
  • 1
    Language: English , French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Ageing and employment policies
    Former Title: 2.2003 Hauptsacht. franz.. - 2.2003 Parallelsacht. engl.
    Keywords: OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Sozialpolitik
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  • 2
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD documents
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Physics of plutonium recycling
    Note: Name des Urhebers später: Working Party on the Physics of Plutonium Fuels and Innovative Fuel Cycles
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  • 3
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Enterprise policy performance assessment
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  • 4
    Language: English , French , Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. International standardisation of fruit and vegetables
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Études de l'OCDE sur l'administration électronique
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. OECD e-government studies
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  • 6
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Series Statement: Education and skills
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Reviews of national policies for education
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9264105107
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Série sur les Carai͏̈bes
    Angaben zur Quelle: 〈caribb〉
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    In:  〈czech〉
    ISBN: 9264106413
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Czech Republic
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. République tchèque
    Angaben zur Quelle: 〈czech〉
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
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    In:  〈chile〉
    ISBN: 9264106359
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Chile
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Chili
    Angaben zur Quelle: 〈chile〉
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    In:  〈canada〉
    ISBN: 9264107789
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Canada
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Canada
    Angaben zur Quelle: 〈canada〉
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    In:  〈sweden〉
    ISBN: 9264108599
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Sweden
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Suède
    Angaben zur Quelle: 〈sweden〉
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    In:  〈france〉
    ISBN: 9264015485
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. France
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. France
    Angaben zur Quelle: 〈france〉
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    In:  〈japan〉
    ISBN: 9264017178
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Japan
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Japon
    Angaben zur Quelle: 〈japan〉
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
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    In:  [italy]
    ISBN: 9264017046
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Italy
    Angaben zur Quelle: [italy]
    Keywords: Italien ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Sozialpolitik
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9264007024
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Bulgarie, science, récherche et technologie
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Bulgaria, science, research and technology
    Angaben zur Quelle: 〈bulgar〉
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    In:  〈german〉
    ISBN: 926410786X
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Stein, Jennifer Germany: consolidating economic and social renewal
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Germany
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Allemagne
    Angaben zur Quelle: 〈german〉
    Keywords: Deutschland ; Deregulierung ; Wettbewerbspolitik
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9264009094
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Radioactive waste management
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Stability and buffering capacity of the geosphere for long-term isolation of radioactive waste
    Keywords: Konferenzschrift
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9264108246
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Computing radiation dosimetry - CRD 2002
    Keywords: Konferenzschrift
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    ISBN: 9264015329 , 9789264015326
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Giguère, Sylvain; Les nouvelles formes de gouvernance et le développement économique
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. New forms of governance for economic development
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9789282113219 , 9282113213
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. ;L Intégration européenne des transport ferroviaires de marchandises
    Keywords: Konferenzschrift
    Description / Table of Contents: Includes bibliographical references
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9264017941
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Denmark, lessons from PISA 2000
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Danemark, les enseignements de PISA 2000
    Angaben zur Quelle: 〈denmar〉
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    In:  〈spain〉
    ISBN: 9264108637
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Spain
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Espagne
    Angaben zur Quelle: 〈spain〉
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
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    In:  [kingdo]
    ISBN: 9264016236
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. United Kingdom
    Angaben zur Quelle: [kingdo]
    Keywords: Großbritannien ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Sozialpolitik
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  • 24
    ISBN: 9264017410
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: School safety and security
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Apprende en toute sécurité
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Lessons in danger
    Keywords: Konferenzschrift
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9264007326
    Language: English , French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Radioactive waste management
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Dealing with interests, values and knowledge in managing risk
    Keywords: Konferenzschrift
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9264018514
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Fédération de Russie
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Russian Federation
    Angaben zur Quelle: 〈russia〉
    Keywords: Russland ; Politischer Wandel ; Sozioökonomischer Wandel
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
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    In:  〈bulgar〉
    ISBN: 9264105174
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Bulgaria
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Bulgarie
    Angaben zur Quelle: 〈bulgar〉
    Keywords: Bulgarien ; Bildungspolitik ; Bulgarien ; Bildungssystem
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    In:  〈mexico〉
    ISBN: 9264017526
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Mexico: progress in implementing regulatory reform
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Mexico
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Stein, Jennifer; Mexique
    Angaben zur Quelle: 〈mexico〉
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
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    In:  [luxem]
    ISBN: 9264106138
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Luxembourg
    Angaben zur Quelle: [luxem]
    Keywords: Luxemburg ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Sozialpolitik
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  • 30
    ISBN: 9264008799
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Radioactive waste management
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Management of uncertainty in safety cases and the role of risk
    Keywords: Konferenzschrift
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  • 31
    ISBN: 1552501140 , 9781552501146
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (384 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Fish species that migrate within the great rivers of South America support important local fisheries but are little known outside their native range. This book, written specially for the World Bank and the International Development Research Centre, represents the first collection of the work of local scientific experts on these remarkable fish. The authors cover the Upper Paraná, Paraguay-Paraná, Uruguay and São Francisco basins in Brazil, as well as the Brazilian and Colombian Amazon. They discuss not only the principal migratory species and their fascinating relationship with the water cycle in the rivers and wetlands, but also the fisheries they support, and their often precarious conservation status
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 0821357336 , 9780821357330
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (240 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: World Development Indicators
    Abstract: Now in its 6th edition, The Little Data Book 2004 is a pocket-sized ready reference on key development data for 206 countries. Profiles of each country include 54 key development indicators like: Population and population growth; GNI, GDP, GDP growth, Exports and Imports, and Gross Capital Formation; Deforestation, Water Use, Energy Use and Electricity Use per Capita; Life Expectancy, Fertility Rate, Child Malnutrition, Prevalence of HIV, Girls in Primary School; Paved Roads, Aircraft Departures, Personal Computers; High-technology exports, Foreign Direct Investment, Present Value of Debt, and Aid per Capita. Drawing on data from the World Bank's World Development Indicators 2004, The Little Data Book provides quick reference to the latest available data for World Bank member countries as well as other economies with populations of over 30,000. Separate tables summarize data for the World, by Region (East Asia and Pacific, Middle East and Africa, etc.), and Income Group. A helpful Glossary of Terms defines each indicator
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 0821358766 , 9780821358764
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (112 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Country Studies
    Abstract: The Health Sector in Eritrea is part of the World Bank Country Study series. These reports are published with the approval of the subject government to communicate the results of the Bank's work on the economic and related conditions of member countries to governments and to the development community. In March 2001, the Ministry of Health of the Government of Eritrea launched a process to prepare a long-term health sector policy and strategic plan (HSPSP), with a focus on assuring equitable, quality, and sustainable health care. The Ministry outlined an open, participatory, three-step process for developing the HSPSP, with active participation from all partners in the health sector. Step One is the preparation of a health sector review carried out by the World Bank (this study), based on existing documentation provided by the Government and other sources. Step Two consists of conducting an in-depth health sector analysis among five sub-sector working groups-PHC, hospital reform, pharmaceuticals, human resource development, health financing-leading to Step Three, the preparation of a rationale for investments in the future development of the health sector. This study serves as the preliminary basis for further rounds of discussions and analyses among stakeholders to arrive at a strategic vision for the Eritrea health sector. It incorporates comments received from the Ministry of Health's central agencies, Zoba (regional) health teams, external partners working in Eritrea, and the World Bank Eritrea Country Team
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 0821359444 , 9780821359440
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (220 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: International Finance Corporation Annual Report
    Abstract: IFC shares the primary objective of all World Bank Group institutions: to reduce poverty and improve the lives of people in its developing member countries. Since 1956, IFC has committed more than
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 0821357298 , 9780821357293
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (416 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: World Development Indicators
    Abstract: World Development Indicators, the World Bank's respected statistical publication presents the most current and accurate information on global development on both a national level and aggregated globally. This information allows readers to monitor the progress made toward meeting the goals endorsed by the United Nations and its member countries, the World Bank, and a host of partner organizations in September 2001 in their Millennium Development Goals. The 400-page print edition of World Development Indicators 2004 allows you to consult over 80 tables and over 800 indicators for 152 economies and 14 country groups, as well as basic indicators for a further 55 economies. There are key indicators for the latest year available, important regional data, and income group analysis. The report contains six thematic presentations of analytical commentary covering: World View, People, Environment, Economy, States and Markets, and Global Links. The CD-ROM editions contain 40 years of time series data for more than 200 countries from 1960-2002, single-year observations, and spreadsheets on many topics. It contains more than 1,000 country tables and the text from the World Development Indicators 2004 print edition and the World Bank Atlas 2003. The Windows® based format permits users to search for and retrieve data in spreadsheet form, create maps and charts, and fully download them into other popular software programs for study or presentation purposes
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 36
    ISBN: 0821357409 , 9780821357408
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (248 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Global Development Finance
    Abstract: The external financing environment facing developing countries has brightened. In 2003, as global growth gained momentum, private capital flows to developing countries increased to
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 0821358294 , 9780821358290
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (56 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The purpose of these Guidelines is to inform those carrying out a project that is financed in whole or in part by loans from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) or a credit or grant from the International Development Association (IDA), of the policies that govern the procurement of goods, works, and services (other than consultant services) reqired for the project
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 0821356828 , 9780821356821
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (288 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: World Development Report
    Abstract: Firms and entrepreneurs of all types-from microenterprises to multinationals-play a central role in growth and poverty reduction. Their investment decisions drive job creation, the availability and affordability of goods and services for consumers, and the tax revenues governments can draw on to fund health, education, and other services. Their contribution depends largely on the way governments shape the investment climate in each location-through the protection of property rights, regulation and taxation, strategies for providing infrastructure, interventions in finance and labor markets, and broader governance features such as corruption. The World Development Report 2005 argues that improving the investment climates of their societies should be a top priority for governments. Drawing on surveys of nearly 30,000 firms in 53 developing countries, country case studies, and other new research, the Report explores questions such as: What are the key features of a good investment climate, and how do they influence growth and poverty? What can governments do to improve their investment climates, and how can they go about tackling such a broad agenda? What has been learned about good practice in each of the main areas of the investment climate? What role might selective interventions and international arrangements play in improving the investment climate? What can the international community do to help developing countries improve the investment climates of their societies? In addition to detailed chapters exploring these and related issues, the Report contains selected data from the World Bank's new program of Investment Climate Surveys, the Bank's Doing Business Project, and World Development Indicators 2004-an appendix of economic and social data for over 200 countries. This Report offers practical insights for policymakers, executives, scholars, and all those with an interest in economic development
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York : Palgrave Macmillan US
    ISBN: 9781137122612
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XV, 199 p)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Literature ; Theater ; Performing arts ; Literature, Modern 20th century ; America Literatures ; Environment
    Abstract: After Dorothy L. Sayers became famous for her fictional sleuth, Lord Peter Wimsey, she began investigating the mysteries of Anglo-Catholic Christianity, writing plays for both stage and radio. However, because her modernist contemporaries disdained both best-sellers and religious fiction, Sayers has been largely overlooked by the academy. Writing Performances is the first work to position Sayers' diverse writings within the critical climate of high modernism. Employing exuberant illustrations from Sayers' detective fiction to make theoretical issues accessible, the book employs insights from performance theory to argue that Sayers, though a popularizer, presciently anticipated the postmodern ironizing of Enlightenment rationality and scientific objectivity
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York : Palgrave Macmillan US
    ISBN: 9781137091932
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VII, 240 p)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The New Middle Ages
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: History ; Literature ; Literature Philosophy ; Europe History-476-1492 ; Classical literature ; Literature, Medieval ; Philosophy ; Science ; Literature, Ancient.
    Abstract: The twentieth-century discovered the concept of sacred place largely through the work of Martin Heidegger and Mircea Eliade. Their writings on sacred place respond to the modern manipulation of nature and secularization of space, and so may seem distinctively post-modern, but their work has an important and unacknowledged precedent in the Neoplatonism of Late Antiquity and the early Middle Ages. Sacred Place in Early Medieval Neoplatonism traces the appearance and development of sacred place in the writings of Neoplatonists from the third to ninth centuries, and sets them in the context of present-day debates over place and the sacred
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York : Palgrave Macmillan US
    ISBN: 9781137074539
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XI, 226 p)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: European Union ; Russia Politics and government ; Political science ; Europe Politics and government ; International relations ; Politics and war
    Abstract: Calhoun innovatively examines how the ideology of liberal democracy influences one of the most contentious and potentially traumatic and divisive issues facing countries transitioning from authoritarian regimes to democracy: how to confront the past violations of human rights. Competing views of liberal democracy frame debates about how to confront the past and in particular how to deal with the truth of systematic human rights violations. Democratic values may not determine the precise method of dealing with the past - whether through truth commissions, lustration, or tribunals - but the very process of debate inherent in democratic theory and practice has important implications for the perceived fairness of the result. These implications are examined through a comparison of transitional justice in East Germany, Poland and Russia. The result is a provocative integration of democratic theory and comparative politics
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York : Palgrave Macmillan US
    ISBN: 9781403978547
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VII, 301 p)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Printed edition
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Gender identity Religious aspects ; Sociology ; Sex (Psychology) ; Gender expression ; Gender identity ; Religion ; Christianity ; Catholic Church ; Religion Philosophy ; Religion and sociology. ; Religion.
    Abstract: What ever happened to the Virgin Mary in the modern Catholic Church? For the past forty years her presence has been radically minimized. In a groundbreaking work, Charlene Spretnak cuts across the battle lines delineated by the left and the right within the Church to champion the recovery of the full spiritual presence of Mary. Spretnak, a liberal Catholic, asserts that a deep loss ensues for women in particular when Mary's female embodiment of grace and mystical presence is denied and replaced with a strictly text-bound version of her as a Nazarene housewife. Complete with a striking insert of contemporary Marian art, Missing Mary is a deeply insightful reflection on Mary in the modern age
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York : Palgrave Macmillan US
    ISBN: 9781137039149
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VII, 168 p)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The New Middle Ages
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Literature ; Literature History and criticism ; Classical literature ; Literature, Medieval ; Fiction ; Literature, Ancient.
    Abstract: Geoffrey Chaucer was not a writer, primarily, but a privileged official place-holder. Prone to violence, including rape, assault, and extortion, the poet was employed first at domestic personal service and subsequently at police-work of various sorts, protecting the established order during a period of massive social upset. Chaucer's Jobs shows that the servile and disciplinary nature of the daily work Chaucer did was repeated in his poetry, which by turns flatters his aristocratic betters and deals out discipline to malcontent others. Carlson contends that it was this social-political quality of Chaucer's writings, not artistic merit, that made him the 'Father of English Poetry'
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9781137096753
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VIII, 279 p)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The New Middle Ages
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Literature ; History, Ancient ; History, Modern ; Europe History ; Great Britain History ; Europe History-476-1492 ; Literature, Medieval ; Europe
    Abstract: The varied cultural functions of dress, textiles, and clothwork are used in this collection of essays to examine long-standing assumptions about the Middle Ages. At one end of the spectrum, questions of dress call up feminist theoretical investigations into the body and subjectivity, while broadening those inquiries to include theories of masculinity and queer identity as well. At the other extreme, the production and distribution of textiles carries us into the domain of economic history and the study of material commodities, trade and cultural patterns of exchange within western Europe and between east and west. Contributors to this volume represent a broad array of disciplines currently involved in rethinking medieval culture in terms of the material world
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York : Palgrave Macmillan US
    ISBN: 9781137062284
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XVI, 279 p)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The New Middle Ages
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: History ; History, Modern ; Europe History ; Great Britain History ; Europe History-476-1492 ; Civilization History ; Social history
    Abstract: Charlemagne's Mustache presents the reader with seven engaging studies, 'thick descriptions', of cultural life and thought in the Carolingian world. The author begins by asking questions. Why did Charlemagne have a mustache and why did hair matter? Why did the king own peacocks and other exotic animals? Why was he writing in bed and could he write at all? How did medieval kings become stars? How were secrets kept and conveyed in the early Middle Ages? And why did early medieval peoples believe in storm and hailmakers? The answers, he found, are often surprising
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  • 46
    ISBN: 9781137075529
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VI, 267 p)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The New Middle Ages
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: History ; History, Ancient ; Europe History ; Great Britain History ; Europe History-476-1492 ; Civilization History ; Social history ; Europe
    Abstract: This timely volume examines the commitments of historicism in the wake of New Historicism. It contributes to the construction of a materialist historicism while, at the same time, proposing that discussions of work need not be limited to the clash between labour and capital. To this end, the essays offer more than a strictly historical view of the complex terms, social and literary, within which labour was treated in the medieval period. Several of the essays strive to reformulate the very critical language we use to think about the categories of labour and work through a continually doubled engagement with modern theories of labour and medieval theories and practices of labour
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  • 47
    ISBN: 9781137085764
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XIII, 232 p)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Political science ; Europe Politics and government ; International relations ; Politics and war ; Terrorism ; Political violence
    Abstract: How have the September 11th terrorist attacks and the subsequent U.S. led war on terrorism impacted American foreign policy at home and abroad? The consistent theme throughout this collection of essays is that September 11th was a watershed event, which sparked a redefinition and reassessment of U.S. foreign policy, governmental institutions, and the public's sense of internal and external security. The Bush Administration's endeavor to remake American foreign policy with an emphasis on a preemptive, first strike doctrine and its attempt to build an internal security apparatus are not only consequential in the war on terrorism, such efforts are challenging the very fundamentals of American political life and its perception throughout the world
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York : Palgrave Macmillan US
    ISBN: 9781349633401
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XII, 260 p)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Religion ; Christianity ; United States History ; Literature
    Abstract: Turn the Pulpit Loose features the lives and words of eighteen women evangelists including Sojourner Truth and Evangeline Booth, and lesser-known figures such as Jarena Lee (an African Methodist from the early 1800s) and Uldine Utley (a child evangelist in the early 1900s) who helped to shape American religious life from the nation’s infancy to the present. Highlighting substantial primary sources – sermons, articles, diaries, letters, speeches, and autobiographies – Priscilla Pope-Levison weaves together fascinating narratives of each woman’s life: her conversion and calling to preach, her primary evangelistic method, and her reflections about women in general. This anthology, complete with photographs of each evangelist, is an indispensable resource for a wide range of academic fields, including religion, history, women's studies, and literature.
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York : Palgrave Macmillan US
    ISBN: 9781137122094
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XI, 275 p)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: British literature ; Literature ; Literature Philosophy ; Literature, Modern 18th century ; Literature, Modern 19th century ; Poetry ; America Literatures ; European literature.
    Abstract: Emily Dickinson (1830-86) recasts British-Romantic themes of natural and spiritual perception for an American audience. Her poems of science and technology reflect her faith in experience. Her lyrics about natural history build on this empiricism and develop her commitment to natural religion. Her poems of revealed religion constitute her experience of faith. Thus Dickinson stands on the experiential common ground between empiricism and evangelicalism in Romantic Anglo-America. Her double perspective parallels the implicit androgyny of her nineteenth-century feminism. Her counterintuitive combination of natural models with spiritual metaphors champions immortality. The experience/faith dialectic of her Late-Romantic imagination forms the heart of her legacy
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  • 50
    ISBN: 9781137097941
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XXIV, 238 p)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: History ; History, Modern ; America History ; United States History ; Political science ; World politics ; Europe Politics and government
    Abstract: Reclaiming the American Revolution examines the struggles for political ascendancy between Federalists and the Republicans in the early days of the American Republic. Watkins views the struggle through the lens of the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions, charters written by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison respectively, that were responses to the Alien and Sedition Acts passed by Federalists that, among other things, made criticism of the federal government a crime. Viewing those acts as a threat to states' rights, as well as indicative of a national government that sought supreme power, the Resolutions restated the principles of the American Revolution and sought to return the nation to the tenets of the Constitution, in which rights for all were protected by checking the power of the national government
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  • 51
    ISBN: 9781349732104
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XI, 284 p)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Motion pictures and television ; Religion and culture ; Culture Study and teaching ; Communication ; America Literatures ; Television broadcasting. ; Motion pictures. ; Ethnology.
    Abstract: The expansion of the suburban environment is a fascinating cultural development. In fact, the United States is primarily a suburban nation, with far more Americans living in the suburbs that in either urban or rural areas. Why were suburbs created to begin with? How do we define them? Are they really the promised land of the American middle class? The concept of space and how we create it is a concept that is receiving a great deal of academic attention, but no one has looked carefully at the suburban landscape through the lens of fiction and of film
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  • 52
    ISBN: 9781137064493
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (X, 216 p)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Political science ; Europe Politics and government ; International relations
    Abstract: The presidency of George W. Bush has been a curious one: born in contention, challenged by the most dramatic foreign directed attack on American soil, and transformed by a combination of crisis and conflict that has generated considerable support domestically. And yet, while much attention has been focused on the Bush administration's extrernal policies, how it has pursued its goals and had its effects on the domestic scene has been as important. Examining the push and pull of the Bush presidency by looking especially at domestic dynamics, the authors look at the tendency towards centralizing power and its implications for American politics. From the midterm elections of 2002, where the Republicans scored historic victories, to relations with the press, and from executive branch relations with Congress to increased federal involvement in education, the authors examine and shed light on crucial issues. This book examines how words and deeds in a time of crisis will define the Bush presidency place in American politics and history
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York : Palgrave Macmillan US
    ISBN: 9781137044976
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VII, 312 p)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: History ; Political economy ; United States History ; Civilization History ; Social history ; Economic sociology ; Industrial sociology ; International economic relations.
    Abstract: This single-volume comprehensive compilation of documents integrates institutional labour history (movements and trade unions) with aspects of social and cultural history, as well as charting changes in trade union and managerial practices, and integrating the economics and politics of labour history. It includes documents that treat household relations as well as industrial relations; women as domestic workers and unpaid household labour as well as factory workers; and African American, Hispanic American (especially Mexican and Mexican American), and Asian workers as well as white workers. American Labor offers readers an insight into the full spectrum historically of workers, their daily lives, and the movements that they created
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 0821357719 , 9780821357712
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (124 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: World Bank Annual Report
    Abstract: Contents of Volume 1: Message from the Chairman, The Board of Executive Directors, The World Bank Group, The Development Agenda, Regional Perspectives, Thematic Perspectives, Improving Development Effectiveness, Summary of Fiscal 2004 Activities, and About the World Bank
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  • 55
    ISBN: 0821358006 , 9780821358009
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (287 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics
    Abstract: The Annual Bank Conference on Development Economics (ABCDE) is one of the world's best known series of conferences for the presentation and discussion of new knowledge about development. First held at World Bank headquarters in Washington D.C. in 1988, the ABCDE has become broader in scope as the world's economies have become more interconnected and challenges have become more complex. Presenting the proceedings of the May 2003 World Bank Annual Bank Conference on Development Economics (ABCDE), the volume imparts new research findings and discussions on key policy issues related to poverty reduction by eminent scholars and practitioners from around the world. Topics include Fostering Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Growth; Challenges of Development in Lagging Regions; Participation, Inclusion and Results and Scaling Up and Evaluation. Contributors to the volume include, Nicholas Stern, Senior Vice President and Chief Economist of the World Bank; Azim Hasham Premji, Chairman of Bangalore's Wipro Corporation; Francois Bourguignon of the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Possiy, France; Partha Dasgupta of Cambridge University; Justin Lin of Hong Kong University; Rakesh Mohan, Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank of India; Jean Philippe Platteau of the University of Namur, Belgium; Karen Polenske of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; T. N. Srinivasan, of Yale University; and Anthony Venables of the London School of Economics. The Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics 2004 is a critical reference guide for development research and will be of interest to practitioners and those studying international development and poverty reduction
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 0821360051 , 9780821360057
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (32 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Firms and entrepreneurs of all types-from microenterprises to multinationals-play a central role in growth and poverty reduction. Their investment decisions drive job creation, the availability and affordability of goods and services for consumers, and the tax revenues governments can draw on to fund health, education, and other services. Their contribution depends largely on the way governments shape the investment climate in each location-through the protection of property rights, regulation and taxation, strategies for providing infrastructure, interventions in finance and labor markets, and broader governance features such as corruption. The World Development Report 2005 argues that improving the investment climates of their societies should be a top priority for governments. Drawing on surveys of nearly 30,000 firms in 53 developing countries, country case studies, and other new research, the Report explores questions such as: What are the key features of a good investment climate, and how do they influence growth and poverty? What can governments do to improve their investment climates, and how can they go about tackling such a broad agenda? What has been learned about good practice in each of the main areas of the investment climate? What role might selective interventions and international arrangements play in improving the investment climate? What can the international community do to help developing countries improve the investment climates of their societies? In addition to detailed chapters exploring these and related issues, the Report contains selected data from the World Bank's new program of Investment Climate Surveys, the Bank's Doing Business Project, and World Development Indicators 2004-an appendix of economic and social data for over 200 countries. This Report offers practical insights for policymakers, executives, scholars, and all those with an interest in economic development
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 0821357417 , 9780821357415
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (650 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Global Development Finance
    Abstract: The external financing environment facing developing countries has brightened. In 2003, as global growth gained momentum, private capital flows to developing countries increased to
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 0821357557
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xvi, 80 p) , ill , 26 cm.
    Additional Material: 1 CD-ROM (4 3/4 in.)
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    DDC: 333.75
    Keywords: World Bank ; World Bank ; Forest policy ; Forests and forestry Economic aspects ; Sustainable development ; Forest policy ; Forests and forestry Economic aspects ; Sustainable development ; World Bank ; Forest policy ; Forests and forestry ; Sustainable development ; Economic aspects
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 68-73)
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  • 59
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 0821358286 , 9780821358283
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (60 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The purpose of these Guidelines is to define the Bank's policies and procedures for selecting, contracting, and monitoring consultants required for projects that are financed in whole or in part by loans from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), credits or grants from the International Development Association (IDA), or grants from the Bank or trust funds administered by the Bank and executed by the beneficiary
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 1904339204 , 9781904339205
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (366 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This compact but comprehensive exposé of the best international practical experience in catastrophe risk management at the country level outlines the key challenges involved in building national catastrophe insurance schemes. Clearly illustrates how countries exposed to natural disasters can manage their catastrophe risk exposures to reduce the cost of risk for national economies by following the classical corporate risk management model. Contains valuable practical insights for risk and insurance professionals, and government policy makers on the key challenges involved in designing a successful national catastrophe risk management programme. Offers innovative insights of the foremost academics in the area alongside practical expertise from leading international reinsurance and risk professionals, based on their experience of running some of the largest catastrophe risk programmes worldwide. Demonstrates the importance of public-private partnerships in catastrophe risk financing by suggesting the roles of government and private risk markets. In addition to risk financing, this title uniquely covers the role of risk reduction and prevention in disaster prone countries. Examines the best international practices at each stage of catastrophe risk management including: country risk assessments and risk modelling, risk transfer products as well as optimal institutional arrangements for national catastrophe risk management, including national reinsurance and insurance pools
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 0821357204 , 9780821357200
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (436 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Africa Development Indicators
    Abstract: African Development Indicators 2004 provides the most detailed collection of data on Africa available in one volume. It contains more than 500 macroeconomic, sectoral, and social indicators, covering 53 African countries with data from 1970-2002. The book is grouped into 15 chapters: background data; national accounts; prices and exchange rates; money and banking; external sector; external debt and related flows; government finance; agriculture; power, communications, and transportation; public enterprises; labor force and employment; aid flows; social indicators; environmental indicators; and HIPC debt initiative. Each chapter begins with a brief introduction on the nature of the data and their limitations, followed by a set of statistical tables, charts, and technical notes that define the indicators and identify their specific source. Included this year are new tables on HIV/AIDS, Communications and Transportation, and the HIPC Debt Initiative. Designed to provide all those interested in Africa with a focused and convenient set of data to monitor development programs and aid flows in the region, this is an invaluable reference tools for analysts and policymakers who want a better understanding of the economic and social developments occurring in Africa
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 0821359711 , 9780821359716
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (128 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: World Bank Annual Report
    Abstract: Contents of Volume 2: Letter of Transmittal, Management's Discussion and Analysis, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development Financial Statements and Internal Control Reports, and Special Purpose Financial Statements and Internal Control Reports of the International Development Association
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 0821357476 , 9780821357477
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (172 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Global Economic Prospects
    Abstract: The proliferation of regional trade agreements is fundamentally altering the world trade landscape. The number of agreements in force surpasses 200 and has risen eight-fold in two decades. Today as much as 40 percent of global trade takes place among countries that have some form of reciprocal regional trade agreement. Global Economic Prospects 2005: Trade, Regionalism, and Development addresses two questions: What are the characteristics of agreements that most promote-or hinder-development for member countries? Does the proliferation of agreements pose risks to the multilateral trading system, and if so, how can these risks be managed? The report argues that agreements leading to open regionalism-that is, deeper integration of trade as a result of low external tariffs, increased services competition, and efforts to reduce cross-border and customs delays costs-are effective as part of a larger trade strategy to promote growth. Such regional agreements can complement a strategy that, on the one hand, includes autonomous liberalization to promote productivity gains and, on the other hand, leverages domestic reforms to enhance market access. Although regional agreements can prove beneficial to member countries, they can have adverse effects on excluded countries. Lowering of border barriers around the world is crucial to minimizing these effects. The completion of the Doha Development Agenda by all countries in the World Trade Organization will reduce the risk of trade diversion associated with regional agreements and will decrease trade losses of countries excluded from agreements
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  • 64
    ISBN: 9781137114518
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (IX, 243 p)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The New Middle Ages
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: History, Ancient ; Literature, Modern ; Literature ; Literature Philosophy ; Europe History-476-1492 ; Classical literature ; Literature, Medieval ; European literature ; Europe ; Literature, Ancient.
    Abstract: Troubled Vision is an interdisciplinary collection of essays that explores the interface between gender, sexuality and vision in medieval culture. The volume represents an exciting array of scholarship dealing with visual and textual cultures from the Eleventh to the Fifteenth centuries. Bringing together a range of theoretical approaches that address the troubling effects of vision on medieval texts and images, the book mediates between medieval and modern constructions of gender and sexuality. Troubled Vision focuses thematically on four central themes: Desire, looking, representation and reading. Topics include the gender of the gaze, the visibility of queer desires, troubled representations of gender and sexuality, spectacle and reader response, and the visual troubling of modern critical categories
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  • 65
    ISBN: 9781137043733
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XI, 246 p)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: British literature ; Cultural studies ; Literature Philosophy ; Literature History and criticism ; Literature ; Culture Study and teaching ; Literature, Modern 20th century ; European literature.
    Abstract: George Orwell and the Radical Eccentrics celebrates the lives, literature, and politics of a group of four 'radical eccentrics' - the Tory anarchist poet Stevie Smith, the Marxist Indian nationalist Mulk Raj Anand, and the glamour-girl-turned-socialist Inez Holden - who formed a friendly circle around the famously radical and eccentric George Orwell. Demonstrating that Smith, Anand, and Holden matter for literary history just as they mattered for Orwell, George Orwell and the Radical Eccentrics gives name and shape to a neglected movement within interwar and wartime English writing. It focuses on the lives and texts of Smith, Anand, and Holden in order to argue that these three writers throw into question limiting assumptions about art and politics-about standard relations between literary form and sex, gender, race, class, and empire-in ways that their group's most influential radical, Orwell, cannot. Embarking upon a kind of biographical-political-cultural-literary criticism, this book brings the radical eccentrics' vital, potentially transformative conversation to the attention of scholars of English literature for the first time, suggesting fascinating new approaches to the study of literary London during the thirties and forties
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  • 66
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (35 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Kee, Hiau Market Access for Sale
    Keywords: Debt Markets ; Export Growth ; Exporters ; Exports ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free Trade ; International Economics & Trade ; International Trade ; International Trade and Trade Rules ; Localization ; Market Access ; Multilateral Tariff Negotiations ; Preferential Access ; Preferential Scheme ; Public Sector Development ; Tariff ; Tariff ; Trade Policy ; Debt Markets ; Export Growth ; Exporters ; Exports ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free Trade ; International Economics & Trade ; International Trade ; International Trade and Trade Rules ; Localization ; Market Access ; Multilateral Tariff Negotiations ; Preferential Access ; Preferential Scheme ; Public Sector Development ; Tariff ; Tariff ; Trade Policy ; Debt Markets ; Export Growth ; Exporters ; Exports ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free Trade ; International Economics & Trade ; International Trade ; International Trade and Trade Rules ; Localization ; Market Access ; Multilateral Tariff Negotiations ; Preferential Access ; Preferential Scheme ; Public Sector Development ; Tariff ; Tariff ; Trade Policy
    Abstract: Kee, Olarreaga, and Silva assess the foreign lobbying forces behind the tariff preferences that the United States grants to Latin American and Caribbean countries. The authors extend the basic framework developed by Grossman and Helpman (1994) to explain the relationship between foreign lobbying and tariff preferences. Their results suggest that returns to Latin American and Caribbean exporters lobbying for tariff preferences in the United States are around 50 percent. The reason for these large returns is the relatively low estimated weight given to social welfare in the U.S. government's objective function when deciding whether or not to grant tariff preferences to Latin American and Caribbean exporters. This paper—a product of Trade, Development Research Group—is part of a larger effort in the group to study the issues related to trade and growth
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (35 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Do, Quy-Toan Institutional Trap
    Keywords: Agents ; Bargaining ; Consensus ; Corruption ; Entry ; GDP ; Index ; Institutional Change ; Licensing ; Nature ; Production ; Roads and Highways ; Supply ; Transport ; Agents ; Bargaining ; Consensus ; Corruption ; Entry ; GDP ; Index ; Institutional Change ; Licensing ; Nature ; Production ; Roads and Highways ; Supply ; Transport ; Agents ; Bargaining ; Consensus ; Corruption ; Entry ; GDP ; Index ; Institutional Change ; Licensing ; Nature ; Production ; Roads and Highways ; Supply ; Transport
    Abstract: The author studies the persistence of inequality and inefficient governance in a physical capital accumulation model with perfect information, missing credit markets, and endogenous barriers to entry. When access to investment opportunities is regulated, rent-seeking entrepreneurs form coalitions of potentially varying size to bribe a regulator to restrict entry. Small coalitions run short of resources, while large coalitions suffer more severe free-rider problems. The distribution of wealth thus determines the equilibrium coalition structure of the economy and consequently the level of regulatory capture. A dynamic analysis supports the persistence of inefficiencies in the long run. Initial conditions determine whether the economy converges to a steady state characterized by efficient governance and low levels of inequality, or a path toward an institutional trap where regulatory capture and wealth inequality reinforce each other. This paper—a product of the Poverty Team, Development Research Group—is part of a larger effort in the group to understand the determinants of institutions
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  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (30 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Do, Quy-Toan Trade and Financial Development
    Keywords: Comparative Advantage ; Cred Development ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economy ; Emerging Markets ; Equilibrium ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Sector ; GDP ; Goods ; Income ; Increasing Returns ; Increasing Returns To Scale ; International Trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Comparative Advantage ; Cred Development ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economy ; Emerging Markets ; Equilibrium ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Sector ; GDP ; Goods ; Income ; Increasing Returns ; Increasing Returns To Scale ; International Trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Comparative Advantage ; Cred Development ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economy ; Emerging Markets ; Equilibrium ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Sector ; GDP ; Goods ; Income ; Increasing Returns ; Increasing Returns To Scale ; International Trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development
    Abstract: The differences in financial systems between industrial and developing countries are pronounced. It has been observed, both theoretically and empirically, that the differences in countries' financial systems are a source of comparative advantage in trade. Do and Levchenko point out that to the extent a country's financial development is endogenous, it will in turn be influenced by trade. They build a model in which a country's financial development is an equilibrium outcome of the economy's productive structure: in countries with large financially intensive sectors, financial systems are more developed. When a wealthy and a poor country open to trade, the financially dependent sectors grow in the wealthy country, and so does the financial system. By contrast, as the financially intensive sectors shrink in the poor country, demand for external finance decreases and the domestic financial system deteriorates. The authors test their model using data on financial development for a sample of 77 countries. They find that the main predictions of the model are borne out in the data: trade openness is associated with faster financial development in wealthier countries, and with slower financial development in poorer ones. This paper—a product of the Development Research Group—is part of a larger effort in the group to investigate the relation between finance and trade
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 0821359363 , 9780821359365
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (202 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.] World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The World Bank's research program has four basic objectives: to broaden the understanding of development, to assist in developing research capacity in the Bank's member countries, to improve its capacity to advise its members, and to support all aspects of its own operations. Whether these aims are achieved depends in part on how extensively Bank research is used internally and externally. In early 2004, surveys were commissioned to assess the use of publications including Bank-wide research (annual flagship publications, Policy Research Reports, Policy Research Working Papers, and the two research journals) by Bank staff and by the Bank's clients. The findings lead to four main conclusions: clients use Bank research publications frequently, Bank research publications are influential, translations are important, and for external clients the Internet is an important source of information. The World Bank Research Program reports on research projects that were initiated, under way, or completed from July 2001 through June 2003 and, for the first time, it includes summaries of large research programs. These multiyear programs undertake analysis on several broad development related issues with the aim of providing strategic directions on critical problems facing Bank clients and operations. Each program centers on a theme giving coherence to the research and its outputs. This title addresses thematic programs such as investment climate, rural development, finance and trade
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  • 70
    ISBN: 082135938X , 9780821359389
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (112 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.] World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: Annual Review of Development Effectiveness 2003 examines the effectiveness of Bank support for developing country policy reform. The report finds that reform has been widespread across countries during the last few years and across a wide spectrum of policy areas. Countries that improved their policies over this period-on average - achieved substantially higher per-capita economic growth than those that did not. The report also finds that Bank support has contributed to reform in a number of cases. But there are also cases where the Bank's support has not been associated with improvements in the policy environment. This is especially noticeable in countries with no track record at all-or an inconsistent or deteriorating record-of policy reform. Several countries have absorbed large amounts of adjustment lending with only mixed results on reform and a substantial increase in indebtedness. The report finds, in conclusion, that management should consider ways to better customize its support to clients' needs and should explore pilot mechanisms to introduce a more direct linkage between its support and results in terms of poverty reduction
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  • 71
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The twelve members of the Commonwealth of Independent States established a Free Trade Area to help maintain trade among each other. More recently, Belarus, Kazakstan, the Kyrgyz Republic and Russia agreed, in principle, to establish a Customs Union (CU). The paper concludes that the dynamic effects of the CU (and Free Trade Area) are likely to be negative because it would tend to lock the countries into the old technology of the Soviet Union. The static effects are mixed but are adverse for countries that have liberal trade regimes compared to the common external tariff contemplated for the CU
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Accounting and Auditing Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Financial reporting and auditing practices in Moldova's corporate sector are currently in a period of transition from providing for tax calculation and statistical needs to convergence with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and International Standards on Auditing (ISA). This report draws upon recent international experience in developed economies and EU accession countries as well as expected amendments to EU Directives. The National Accounting Standards (NAS) were developed on the basis of International Accounting Standards (IAS) from 1996 to 1998 for the most part, but they are substantially incomplete and out of date vis-A-vis IFRS (which incorporate IAS). Accordingly, the standard-setting process should be streamlined so as to allow the prompt adoption of the numerous existing IASs not yet reflected in the NAS. The National Standards of Auditing were developed recently and mirror ISA. The existing Accounting Law and certain aspects of the Joint Stock Companies Law are unduly onerous and restrictive in that they demand bookkeeping and other administrative procedures not normally required in market economy systems. These conflict with mandated accounting standards, confuse the preparers of financial statements and are detrimental to the quality of the financial information. A new Accounting Law should be passed with simplified requirements and incorporating key elements of the NAS and relevant EU Directives on that matter
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  • 73
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (32 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Sakellariou, Chris N Incidence Analysis of Public Support to the Private Education Sector in Côte d'Ivoire
    Keywords: Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Dropout Rates ; Education ; Education Expenditure ; Education for All ; Education of Children ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Enrollment Ratios ; Fees ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Gender ; Gender and Education ; Gross Enrollment ; High Dropout ; Higher Education ; Levels of Education ; Number of Students ; Primary Education ; Secondary Education ; Social Protections and Labor ; Tertiary Education ; Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Dropout Rates ; Education ; Education Expenditure ; Education for All ; Education of Children ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Enrollment Ratios ; Fees ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Gender ; Gender and Education ; Gross Enrollment ; High Dropout ; Higher Education ; Levels of Education ; Number of Students ; Primary Education ; Secondary Education ; Social Protections and Labor ; Tertiary Education ; Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Dropout Rates ; Education ; Education Expenditure ; Education for All ; Education of Children ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Enrollment Ratios ; Fees ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Gender ; Gender and Education ; Gross Enrollment ; High Dropout ; Higher Education ; Levels of Education ; Number of Students ; Primary Education ; Secondary Education ; Social Protections and Labor ; Tertiary Education
    Abstract: Sakellariou and Patrinos analyze the equity effects of public subsidization of private schools in Côte d'Ivoire, update previous analyses, and attempt to assess how efficiently public spending is targeted. The subsidy per student in private (and public) schools increases at higher quintiles. Students from families in the highest quintile receive more than twice the subsidy received by students from families in the lowest quintile, compared with four times more in the case of students attending public schools. However, the subsidy system is progressive as there is a clear tendency for the share of family education expenditure covered by subsidies to decline at higher quintiles. This element of progressivity is stronger in the case of private school attendance. This paper—a product of the Education Sector Unit, Latin America and the Caribbean Region—is part of a larger effort in the region to evaluate education policies
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (25 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Perotti, Enrico State Ownership
    Keywords: Accountability ; Constituencies ; Corporate Governance ; Degree of Autonomy ; Disclosure ; Emerging Markets ; Financial Crises ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Governments ; Institutional Capacity ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; National Governance ; Nationalization ; Political Economy ; Political Power ; Private Sector Development ; Privatization ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Accountability ; Constituencies ; Corporate Governance ; Degree of Autonomy ; Disclosure ; Emerging Markets ; Financial Crises ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Governments ; Institutional Capacity ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; National Governance ; Nationalization ; Political Economy ; Political Power ; Private Sector Development ; Privatization ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Accountability ; Constituencies ; Corporate Governance ; Degree of Autonomy ; Disclosure ; Emerging Markets ; Financial Crises ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Governments ; Institutional Capacity ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; National Governance ; Nationalization ; Political Economy ; Political Power ; Private Sector Development ; Privatization ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures
    Abstract: Perotti reviews the state of thinking on the governance role of state ownership. He argues that a gradual transfer of operational control and financial claims over state assets remains the most desirable goal, but it needs to be paced to avoid regulatory capture, and the capture of the privatization process itself. In addition, the speed of transfer should be timed on the progress in developing a strong regulatory governance system, to which certain residual rights of intervention must be vested. In many countries institutional weakness limits regulatory capacity and reliability, yet the author's conclusion is that in such environments, maintaining state control undermines the very emergence of institutional capacity, and so the balance should tip toward progressively less direct state control. After all, what are "institutions" if not governance mechanisms with some degree of autonomy from both political and private interests? The gradual creation of institutions partially autonomous from political power must become central to the development of an optimal mode of regulatory governance. The author offers some suggestions about creating maximum accountability in regulatory governance, in particular creating an internal control system based on a rotating board representative of users, producers, and civic organizations, to be elected by a process involving frequent reporting and disclosure. This paper—a product of the Global Corporate Governance Forum, Investment Climate Unit—is part of a larger effort in the department to improve the understanding of corporate governance reform in developing countries
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  • 75
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (41 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Zhai, Fan Labor Market Distortions, Rural-Urban Inequality, and the Opening of China's Economy
    Keywords: Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Factor Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Household Survey ; Income Distribution ; Income Inequality ; International Economics & Trade ; Labor ; Labor Force ; Labor Market ; Labor Markets ; Labor Markets ; Labor Mobility ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Poverty Reduction ; Product Market ; Product Market Reform ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Social Protections and Labor ; Urban Development Policy ; Urban Housing and Land ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Factor Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Household Survey ; Income Distribution ; Income Inequality ; International Economics & Trade ; Labor ; Labor Force ; Labor Market ; Labor Markets ; Labor Markets ; Labor Mobility ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Poverty Reduction ; Product Market ; Product Market Reform ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Social Protections and Labor ; Urban Development Policy ; Urban Housing and Land ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Factor Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Household Survey ; Income Distribution ; Income Inequality ; International Economics & Trade ; Labor ; Labor Force ; Labor Market ; Labor Markets ; Labor Markets ; Labor Mobility ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Poverty Reduction ; Product Market ; Product Market Reform ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Social Protections and Labor ; Urban Development Policy ; Urban Housing and Land
    Abstract: Hertel and Zhai evaluate the impact of two key factor market distortions in China on rural-urban inequality and income distribution. They find that creation of a fully functioning land market has a significant impact on rural-urban inequality. This reform permits agricultural households to focus solely on the differential between farm and nonfarm returns to labor in determining whether to work on or off-farm. This gives rise to an additional 10 million people moving out of agriculture by 2007 and lends a significant boost to the incomes of those remaining in agriculture. This off-farm migration also contributes to a significant rise in rural-urban migration, thereby lowering urban wages, particularly for unskilled workers. As a consequence, rural-urban inequality declines significantly. The authors find that reform of the Hukou system has the most significant impact on aggregate economic activity, as well as income distribution. Whereas the land market reform primarily benefits the agricultural households, this reform's primary beneficiaries are the rural households currently sending temporary migrants to the city. By reducing the implicit tax on temporary migrants, Hukou reform boosts their welfare and contributes to increased rural-urban migration. The combined effect of both factor market reforms is to reduce the urban-rural income ratio dramatically, from 2.59 in 2007 under the authors' baseline scenario to 2.27. When viewed as a combined policy package, along with WTO accession, rather than increasing inequality in China, the combined impact of product and factor market reforms significantly reduces rural-urban income inequality. This is an important outcome in an economy currently experiencing historic levels of rural-urban inequality. This paper—a product of the Trade Team, Development Research Group—is part of a larger effort in the group to evaluate the poverty impacts of trade policy reforms
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  • 76
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 0821357484 , 9780821357484
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (160 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.] World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Doing Business
    DDC: 338.5/1
    Abstract: Doing Business in 2005: Removing Obstacles to Growth is the second in a series of annual reports investigating the scope and manner of regulations that enhance business activity and those that constrain it. New quantitative indicators on business regulations and their enforcement can be compared across 145 countries-from Albania to Zimbabwe-and over time. The previous report, Doing Business in 2004: Understanding Regulation, presented indicators in five main topics: starting a business, hiring and firing workers, enforcing contracts, getting credit and closing a business. Doing Business in 2005 updates these measures and adds another two sets: registering property and protecting investors. The indicators are used to analyze economic and social outcomes, such as productivity, investment, informality, corruption, unemployment, and poverty, and identify what reforms have worked, where and why. In Doing Business in 2005, you will also find answers to such questions as: Which are the Top 10 reformer countries since last year? Which are the Top 20 economies for doing business? As well as which countries implemented more harmful regulations? Doing Business is a comprehensive resource that no investor, policymaker, or economic advisor should be without
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  • 77
    ISBN: 0821356569 , 9780821356562
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (256 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.] World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The Institutional Economics of Water evaluates water institutional reform and water sector performance from an institutional economics and political economy perspective. Against an exhaustive review of the theoretical and empirical literature on institution and performance both in general and in water sector contexts, the title develops an alternative methodology built on: 'institutional ecology' principle, 'institutional decomposition and analysis' framework, and 'subjective theory' of institutional change. Empirical application of this methodology with information collected from 127 water experts from 43 countries/regions and a cross-country review of recent water sector reforms within an institutional transaction cost framework enables the book to conclude with significant implications for both theory and policy in the realm of water sector reform in particular and institutional reforms in general. 'We are both impressed by the book. It will merit prominent publication as a far-reaching application of innovative methodologies to an important, and well explained, worldwide policy problem.' - Randall Calvert, Washington University, St. Louis, US and Thrainn Eggertsson, University of Iceland '[The] literature review . . . is one of the best and most comprehensive that I have seen.' - Daniel W. Bromley, University of Wisconsin, US
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 0821357344 , 9780821357347
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (240 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.] World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: World Development Indicators
    Abstract: In its 3rd annual edition, The Little Green Data Book 2004 is a pocket-sized ready reference on key environmental data for over 200 countries. Key indicators are organized under the headings of agriculture, forestry, biodiversity, energy, emission and pollution, and water and sanitation. Profiles of each country include 48 key development indicators like: Population, Urban Population, Rural Population Density; GNI, GDP, Gross National Savings; Forest Area, Annual Deforestation; Agricultural Land, Fertilizer Consumption, Irrigated Land, Food Production Index; Mammal and Bird Species Threatened; Electric Power Consumption, GDP per unit of energy use; CO2 Emissions per Capita, Passenger Cars; Freshwater resources per capita, Access to Sanitation; Energy Depletion, Education Expenditure, Under-5 Mortality Rate. Drawing on data from the World Bank's World Development Indicators 2004, The Little Green Data Book provides quick reference to the latest available environmental data for World Bank member countries as well as other economies with populations of over 30,000
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  • 79
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (288 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: World Development Report
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Firms and entrepreneurs of all types - from microenterprises to multinationals - play a central role in growth and poverty reduction. Their investment decisions drive job creation, the availability and affordability of goods and services for consumers, and the tax revenues governments can draw on to fund health, education, and other services.The World Development Report 2005 argues that improving the investment climates of their societies should be a top priority for governments. Drawing on surveys of nearly 30,000 firms in 53 developing countries, country case studies, and other new research, the Report explores questions such as: - What are the key features of a good investment climate, and how do they influence growth and poverty? - What can governments do to improve their investment climates, and how can they go about tackling such a broad agenda? - What has been learned about good practice in each of the main areas of the investment climate? - What role might selective interventions and international arrangements play in improving the investment climate? - What can the international community do to help developing countries improve the investment climates of their societies? In addition to detailed chapters exploring these and related issues, the Report contains selected data from the World Bank's new program of Investment Climate Surveys, the Bank's Doing Business Project, and World Development Indicators 2004. This Report offers practical insights for policymakers, executives, scholars, and all those with an interest in economic development
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  • 80
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: This report is the outcome of a study of public spending and service delivery issues in Papua New Guinea (PNG) undertaken as part of the work on the PNG Poverty Assessment. The study itself is the result of a collaborative effort involving several agencies and organizations including the National Research Institute, the National Department of Education, the Department of National Planning and Rural Development (DNPRD), AusAID and the World Bank. The PESD study is undertaken in a challenging economic and social context for PNG with growing concerns about delivery of basic services. The PNG economy has been in a state of recession since the mid-1990s with negative growth in 7 of the last 9 years. The fiscal situation has been compromised by large deficits. Debt-to-GDP ratio has risen to levels where debt servicing is significant claim on total revenues. Poverty levels have been rising. A growing imperative to contain levels of spending has raised significant concerns for maintaining the level of basic services while needs have grown, and it has also raised pertinent questions about how effectively social spending is translating into the actual delivery of services. The study focuses on the education sector though its findings have wider relevance. The problems that plague the education sector have close parallels in other sectors. The report presents some illustrative data for the health sector for which a limited amount of primary information was collected, but the study's inquiry into conditions promoting or impeding effective service delivery in education has broader relevance for other sectors in PNG, and beyond that for other countries too
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  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Country Environmental Analysis
    Abstract: The main objectives of the Country Environmental Analysis for Tunisia are: (a) to facilitate the integration of environmental issues into sectoral development strategies, which could affect the sustainability of development in particular with respect to economic growth, poverty reduction, and quality of life, and (b) to improve, adapt, and strengthen institutional capacity and decision-making processes in line within this integration requirement and the international economic context. Three outcome and progress indicators, which despite being incomplete and could be improved, made it possible to assess the trends and environmental progress for this study: The cost of environmental degradation is estimated at 522 million Tunisian dinars, or 2.1 percent of gross domestic product (GDP)-the lowest rate among the Mashreq and Maghreb countries. Adjusted Net Savings (ANS) rose from 2.6 percent of GDP in 1980 to 19 percent in 1999, with a prevalence of around 15 percent and steady growth between 1993 and 1999. In the Environmental Sustainability Index, Tunisia ranks 61st among 142 countries rated. Its ranking places it in the middle of the countries of the Mediterranean Basin and first in the group of southern Mediterranean countries
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  • 82
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This report summarizes the measures of contingent protection regulated by the WTO and their purposes. They can be divided into two categories. The first one regards temporary provisions that can be used when a predefined set of circumstances legitimize temporary increases in import barriers. The second one includes permanent exceptions to the general obligations. Temporary restrictions allowed by the WTO are anti-dumping duties, countervailing duties, and safeguard measures, (tariffs to assist with balance of payments problems, tariffs to protect infant industries, or tariffs for emergency protection). Permanent exceptions are general waivers from binding obligations, which, in contrast with the other mechanisms, must be formally approved by the WTO Council
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  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (27 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Luo, Xubei The Role of Infrastructure Investment Location in China's Western Development
    Keywords: Accessibility ; High Transport ; Infrastructure ; Infrastructure Development ; Infrastructure Investment ; Infrastructures ; Investments ; Policies ; Profit Margin ; Route ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Accessibility ; High Transport ; Infrastructure ; Infrastructure Development ; Infrastructure Investment ; Infrastructures ; Investments ; Policies ; Profit Margin ; Route ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Accessibility ; High Transport ; Infrastructure ; Infrastructure Development ; Infrastructure Investment ; Infrastructures ; Investments ; Policies ; Profit Margin ; Route ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning
    Abstract: Development of the western region is vital to the balanced growth of China. Luo studies the impacts of infrastructure investment that may most efficiently alleviate the burden of geographical remoteness of the West. Having constructed the "adjusted distance" to approximate the transport cost, which takes into account the effects of real distance and infrastructure development, the author defines the "peripheral degree" to measure the effective remoteness of a province to an economic center. Using panel data for 1979–99 from the Chinese provinces, she shows that geographic attractiveness plays a significant role in a Solow-type growth determination model. Given the invariability of pure geographic position, progress in transportation facilities is essential to reduce the geographic handicap and to encourage the catching-up of the western region. The author's simulation results show that the central transportation hubs (Hubei, Henan, and Hunan) merit most infrastructure investments, for they favor the development of many provinces, if regional balanced growth is considered as the prime objective. In particular, improvement in the transportation facilities in central hubs will have greater effects on western development than that in the western region by itself. Improvements in the transportation facilities of the central hubs substantially improves the geographic attractiveness of the western region by reducing the transport cost from the West to the Coast and by promoting the emergence of new economic centers in such hubs, which tends to modify the national economic geographic structure. This paper is a product of the Office of the Vice President and Chief Economist, Development Economics
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (57 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Chen, Shaohua China's (Uneven) Progress Against Poverty
    Keywords: Economic Policies ; Extreme Poverty ; Farmers ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; High Inequality ; Household Survey ; Impact On Poverty ; Income Growth ; Inequality ; Measures ; National Poverty ; Poor ; Poor People ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Economic Policies ; Extreme Poverty ; Farmers ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; High Inequality ; Household Survey ; Impact On Poverty ; Income Growth ; Inequality ; Measures ; National Poverty ; Poor ; Poor People ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Economic Policies ; Extreme Poverty ; Farmers ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; High Inequality ; Household Survey ; Impact On Poverty ; Income Growth ; Inequality ; Measures ; National Poverty ; Poor ; Poor People ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction
    Abstract: While the incidence of extreme poverty in China fell dramatically over 1980–2001, progress was uneven over time and across provinces. Rural areas accounted for the bulk of the gains to the poor, though migration to urban areas helped. The pattern of growth mattered. Rural economic growth was far more important to national poverty reduction than urban economic growth. Agriculture played a far more important role than the secondary or tertiary sources of GDP. Rising inequality within the rural sector greatly slowed poverty reduction. Provinces starting with relatively high inequality saw slower progress against poverty, due both to lower growth and a lower growth elasticity of poverty reduction. Taxation of farmers and inflation hurt the poor. External trade had little short-term impact. This paper—a product of the Poverty Team, Development Research Group—is part of a larger effort in the group to understand the causes of country success in poverty reduction
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  • 85
    ISBN: 0821358596 , 9780821358597
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (250 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.] World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Global Monitoring Report
    Abstract: The turn of the century was marked by some significant and promising events for world development. The Millennium Declaration - signed by 189 countries in September 2000 - led to the adoption of the Millennium Development Goals, which set clear targets for eradicating poverty and other sources of human deprivation. Following other major international meetings came broad agreement on the goals and strategies to achieve them. The task now is implementation - to translate vision into action. Drawing attention to priorities for action and related accountabilities, the new Global Monitoring Report provides an integrated assessment of the policies and actions needed to achieve the Millennium Development Goals. Produced in cooperation with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and other international partners, the Report assesses how the various parties-developing countries, developed countries, and international financial institutions-are playing their part under the agreed development partnership and highlights progress on the development policy agenda
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 86
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The Arab region faces a growing realization that development paths of the past are no longer capable of achieving national objectives. The problem of insufficient job creation in the Arab region is mounting, and without fundamental transitions in the Arab economies which ensure greater and sustainable job creation, the employment challenge will worsen rapidly and dramatically. The authors will articulate the broad course of action needed in the Arab economies. First, in Section II the authors describe the development challenges facing the Arab world, in particular, the challenge of employment creation. In Section III, the authors examine the constraints of the old development model in the region in terms of meeting these development challenges. Section IV proposes a set of transitions that constitute the contours of a new development model. Section V outlines the fundamental changes needed for making this transition, including improved governance, higher quality education and greater gender equality. The concluding section VI makes a few observations about the feasibility and issues of implementation
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: In this study, the authors analyze where we stand and where we are heading on capital market development. More specifically, this study has three main goals. First, the authors take stock of the state and evolution of Latin American capital markets and related reforms, over time and relative to other countries. Second, authors analyze the factors driving the development of capital markets, with particular interest on measuring the impact of reforms. Third, in light of this analysis, authors discuss the prospects for capital market development in Latin America and emerging economies in general, and the implications for the reform agenda going forward. To understand the state and future of capital markets in developing countries, the report consists of three additional chapters. Chapter two documents the main developments in international financial markets and the increasing globalization process. The chapter also describes the influence of these worldwide trends on Latin America, with particular attention to the effects on the policies and reforms adopted. Chapter three evaluates the factors behind the development (or lack of development) of capital markets. The chapter first studies how different macroeconomic and institutional variables affect the development of domestic stock and bond markets and their internationalization. The second part of chapter three analyzes the effects of reforms on capital markets. The chapter finishes by examining whether the experience of Latin America is similar to that of other regions. Finally, chapter four discusses the future of capital markets in developing countries, the policy implications, and the lessons for the reform agenda
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  • 88
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The paper investigates adjustment costs of trade liberalization in Russia by estimating various labor market elasticities with respect to indicators of trade liberalization in the 90-ies. In particular, the influence of tariff reduction on demand for labor is estimated, inter-sectoral employment flows in recent years and their determinants are studied, as well as determinants of sectoral wage premiums and of wage differentials between skilled and unskilled labor. The estimated elasticities of labor demand and wages show to be of very moderate size implying a modest adjustment cost in the labor market
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  • 89
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The desiccation of the Aral Sea was one of the greatest environmental disasters of the latter part of the twentieth century. In 1960, it was the fourth largest lake in the world. However, since 1965, the sea has lost seventy five percent of its volume and the coastline has advanced hundred kilometers. The sea is now divided into two sections and if desiccation continues, it will eventually devolve into a string of isolated salt lakes. The desire of the former Soviet Union for self-sufficiency in cotton led to massive expansion of cotton production in Central Asia, mostly in Uzbekistan, and to the use of irrigated water from rivers that normally fed the Aral Sea. Could the environmental disaster have been avoided if the former Soviet Union had relied more on imported cotton and not diverted these rivers? Can we conclude that if the cost of the irrigated water had been properly considered, Uzbekistan did not have a comparative advantage in cotton production, and the Soviet Union should have imported the cotton? Or are other explanations more important in explaining the environmental disaster?. The authors consider these questions in this case study, but begin with an elaboration of the environmental problems
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Transport Papers
    Abstract: This report is intended to facilitate the discussions between the World Bank and the Governments of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka, City Governments of Chennai and Bangalore, on possibly expanding the Bank's urban transport assistance in these two cities, and elsewhere in the two states. The report consists of a diagnostic chapter, a discussion of pivotal issues, a reformulated strategy, and a menu of possible Bank-funded projects to support this strategy. Case studies of urban transport in Chennai and Bangalore, the basis for the report, are attached
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (42 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Chen, Shaohua How Have the World's Poorest Fared Since the Early 1980s?
    Keywords: Extreme Poverty ; Food Consumption ; Global Poverty ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Size ; Household Survey ; Household Surveys ; Income ; Inequality ; International Poverty Line ; Per Capita Consumption ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Extreme Poverty ; Food Consumption ; Global Poverty ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Size ; Household Survey ; Household Surveys ; Income ; Inequality ; International Poverty Line ; Per Capita Consumption ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Extreme Poverty ; Food Consumption ; Global Poverty ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Size ; Household Survey ; Household Surveys ; Income ; Inequality ; International Poverty Line ; Per Capita Consumption ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction
    Abstract: Chen and Ravallion present new estimates of the extent of the developing world's progress against poverty. By the frugal
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Procurement Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The first Country Procurement Assessment Report (CPAR) was completed in June 2002 and published in March 2003. This CPAR has served as an analytical tool to help assess the public procurement system in the Philippines, and in the process, helped to generate a dialogue with the Government to improve procurement practices, and to help civil society and the private sector better understand the current processes, and procedures in place. The CPAR Update reviewes the status of the reforms, and finds that over 50 percent of the recommendations from the first CPAR have been completed, and another 26 percent are in progress. The key accomplishments include the passage and promulgation of the Government Procurement Reform Act, and implementing rules and regulations, the establishment and immediate functioning of a powerful Government Procurement Policy Board (GPPB) and its Technical Services Office, mandatory implementation of electronic procurement systems, a well-defined complaint mechanism and blacklisting procedures, provision for civil society monitoring, reasonable procurement audit provisions, numerous dissemination and training activities, and near-completion of harmonized bid documents and manuals. It is worth particularly noting that the new procurement policy has institutionalized the participation of civil society organizations in all bids, and awards committees, thus enhancing the integrity of the bidding process. There is still much to be done however. This Update identifies several emerging priorities, including the perception of high cost of some works and goods, and the eligibility of Philippine firms to compete for internationally financed contracts
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Procurement Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The Malawi Country Procurement Assessment Report is a joint undertaking between the Malawi Government and the World Bank to analyze the country procurement system and recommend appropriate actions to improve the efficiency, economy and transparency of the system. This report is divided into (a) an Executive Summary, (b) Main Report on Findings and Recommendations, and (c) Annexes. Since the preparation of the diagnostic study on Malawi's public procurement system in 1996, the Government has made good progress with establishing new - and relatively good - legal framework for procurement reform. But there has not yet been much reform (institutional, practical and oversight). In 2003, the Malawi Parliament passed a new procurement law, the Public Procurement Act of 2003, which became effective in August of that year. The new Procurement Act requires procurement regulations to provide, among things, thresholds for the use of the various procurement methods, bid and bid evaluation procedures and contract management. The analysis of the CPAR is carried out against the five basic pillars of a sound public procurement system, including: (i) a functioning legal, regulatory and institutional framework, (ii) use of modernized procurement procedures and practices; (iii) procurement proficiency of Government staff; (iv) independence of audits and recourse for complaints; and (v) inclusion of anti-corruption measures in the procurement law and application of effective sanctions. In addition, the CPAR analyses the performance of the private sector in public procurement and the procurement performance of Bank financed projects. The analysis has led to the recommendations made below, summarized in the Action Plan, to strengthen each pillar over time. Weaknesses in current procurement performance are identified as substantial delays in the procurement process, insufficient capacity, and inadequacies in procurement organization, documents and management. The continued reliance on the Interim Guidelines, which include a number of practices that are considered incompatible with internationally acceptable procurement standards, are also partially to blame for this
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: One of the most significant developments of the Uruguay Round of Trade Negotiations (1986-94) was the inclusion of intellectual property rights (IPRs) issues on the agenda of the multilateral trading system. The resulting Agreement on Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) is one of three pillar agreements, setting out the legal framework in which the World Trade Organization (WTO) has operated since the end of the Uruguay Round. For the multilateral trading system, TRIPS marked the departure from narrow negotiations on border measures such as tariffs and quotas toward the establishment of multilateral rules for trade-affecting measures beyond borders. This move reflected underlying trends in international commerce. Due to the growth of trade in knowledge and information-intensive goods, the economic implications of imitation, copying, and counterfeiting had in many industries become at least as relevant for international commerce as conventional border restrictions to trade. Yet the TRIPS negotiations on intellectual property were marked by significant North-South differences. Developed countries, which host the world's largest intellectual property-producing industries, were the key advocates for comprehensive minimum standards of protection and enforcement of IPRs. By contrast, many developing countries, which see themselves mostly as a consumer of intellectual property, felt that stronger standards of protection would serve to limit access to new technologies and products, thereby undermining poor countries' development prospects. Not surprisingly, the TRIPS Agreement remains one of the most controversial agreements of the WTO.This short paper seeks to provide an introduction to the main instruments used to protect intellectual property in section second, the key economic trade-offs of stronger IPRs in section third, the basic provisions of the TRIPS Agreement in section four, and recent TRIPS developments affecting access to medicines in developing countries in section five
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  • 95
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This module illustrates the basics of trade policy analysis. It focuses on the following questions: 1) What do countries gain by trading with each other instead of opting for self sufficiency?; 2) What are the main instruments of trade policy?; 3) How do they affect prices, output and welfare?; and 4) What are the effects of trade policy in the presence of market imperfections. This book is arranged as follows: In Section one, the authors show how the main welfare effects of trade policy can be analyzed. In Section two, the authors illustrate the main sources of gains from trade, namely, how and why international trade raises welfare. In Section three, the authors examine the main trade policy instruments and discuss their welfare effects, while in Section four the authors ask whether there is scope for trade policy in the presence of externalities generated by domestic production or when markets are imperfectly competitive. The main issues will be illustrated in very simple and intuitive terms. Boxes will instead provide a more rigorous analysis of the arguments discussed in this module
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (64 p)
    Series Statement: miniAtlas Series
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Le 'miniAtlas du developpement global' est un guide permettant de discerner en un seul coup d'oeil les problemer de developpement les plus urgents dans le monde. Fonde sur la compliation predominante de donnees de developpement de la Banque Mondiale-les 'Indicateurs de developpement mondial'-ainsi que 'l'Atlas de la Banque Mondiale' et le 'Petit livre de donnes', le 'miniAtlas' fournit des cartes en couleur et faciles a lire, des tableaux et des graphiques qui recapitulent les principales donnees sociales, economiques et environnementales de 208 pays et territoires. Plus particulierement destine a presenter des informations detaillees en format poche, le 'miniAtlas' constitue une introduction pratique et une reference rapide aux problemes actuels de developpements les plus urgents
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  • 97
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (p)
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Cette evaluation s'appuie sur un travail anterieur du departement de l'evaluation des operations (OED) qui evalue dans quelle mesure la strategie de reduction de la pauvrete a permis jusqu'a present de concretiser les principes de la Carte de developpement integree (CDF) en actions, en quoi la strategie repond a la demande des pays en termes de reduction durable de la pauvrete, et l'efficacite de la Banque dans l'appui et l'alignement de ses propres programmes sur l'approche de la strategie de reduction de la pauvrete. L'OED a mene cette evaluation parallelement a une evaluation, par le Bureau d'evaluation independant du Fonds monetaire international (FMI), des documents de la strategie de reduction de la pauvrete et de la Facilite pour la reduction de la pauvrete et pour la croissance
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: World Bank East Asia and Pacific Economic Update
    Abstract: This report looks at three sets of issues underlying the present cyclical moment and the outlook for East Asia. First, the evolution of the world economy is always relevant in as open and globally integrated a region as East Asia. Japan's economy seems to have finally returned to broad-based and sustainable growth, while the U.S. economy is growing at 4-5 percent. Global high technology industries appear to have returned to a phase of multi-year expansion (no doubt with quarter to quarter fluctuations). Rising world demand has helped pull primary commodity prices sharply higher, a boon to some of the low-income, commodity exporters in the region, if not to their more industrially developed, commodity importing neighbors. The second set of issues centers on the emergence of China as the economic powerhouse of the region, its rapid integration with other Asian economies and the region wide opportunities, risks and policy challenges that are coming up as a result. Over the last decade the structure of intra-East Asian trade with China has been transformed by the emergence of intricate and sophisticated production networks between countries. For two years now the boom in the Chinese economy has contributed around half the export growth in many other East Asian economies. A third set of issues in this report are the policy efforts undertaken by countries to address domestic challenges as well as international and regional ones. While domestic and foreign direct investment is booming in economies like China and Vietnam, it has only just begun to recover in Thailand, and remains weak in several of the other economies hit by the 1997-98 financial crisis
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: World Bank East Asia and Pacific Economic Update
    Abstract: This report discusses the number of cross-currents and risks within and without the East Asia region. One of the concerns discussed is the steep spike in world oil prices, which will reduce incomes among the majority of economies in the region that are net energy importers, as well as among the developed nations which comprise Emerging East Asias major extra-regional export markets - the United States, Japan and Europe. The report also reviews the affects of oil prices, as well as a variety of domestic factors and the fact that growth in the developed world shifted to a lower pace in the second quarter of 2004, most notably in Japan and to a lesser extent in the U.S., while monthly indicators suggested softening activity in Europe in the third quarter. Also discussed is the growth pause in the developed world and the likelihood of another cyclical downturn in the global high tech industry, a concern for East Asia which is now the leading location for manufacturing and assembly in this industry. The study notes that East Asian decision makers are also giving much attention to the outlook for China
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  • 100
    ISBN: 9781349731787
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (252 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 304.2
    Keywords: Electronic books
    Abstract: Cover -- Half-Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Introduction Conundrum, Challenge, and Choice -- Chapter 1 Glimpses of an Ecological Consciousness -- Part 1 Educational Forms and Processes Toward Ecological Consciousness -- Chapter 2 Transformative Learning for Bioregional Citizenship -- Chapter 3 Learning Ecology. A New Approach to Learning and Transforming Ecological Consciousness -- Chapter 4 Graduate Leadership Education in a Socio-Ecological Perspective: Working at the Paradigmatic Interface -- Chapter 5 The Ecology of Learning and Work: Learning for Transformative Work Practices -- Part 2 Learning Through Engagement in the Life World -- Chapter 6 A Pueblo Story for Transformation -- Chapter 7 Midwifing Transformative Change -- Chapter 8 Nurturing the Internal Flame: Sustained Commitment to Environmental Work -- Chapter 9 A Transformation Model for Passion in the Workplace -- Part 3 The Dynamic Relation of Personal Agency in Community Context -- Chapter 10 Personal and Social Transformation: A Complementary Process Toward Ecological Consciousness -- Chapter 11 Holding Flames: Women Illuminating Knowledge of s/Self-Transformation -- Chapter 12 From Intersubjective Psychotherapy to Esprit Networking: Mapping a Social Practice -- Chapter 13 Fostering Ways-of-Giving Within Communities -- Chapter 14 Transformative Rungs on Wisdom's Ladder -- Notes on Contributors.
    Note: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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