Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
Datasource
Material
Language
Years
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Developing Country Trade Policies and Market Access Issues : 1990-2012 (2013)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (89 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Michalopoulos, Constantine Developing Country Trade Policies and Market Access Issues
    Abstract: The study presents a comprehensive review of developing country trade policies and market access issues as they evolved over the period 1990-2012. The main findings are, first, that applied tariffs as well as traditional core non-tariff measures have declined significantly over time in both developed and developing countries. Second, the instruments of protection used by developed and developing countries are becoming increasingly similar: trade remedies, especially anti-dumping are the instruments of choice for all except low-income developing countries. Third, agriculture is the main sector where developing countries face access problems in OECD markets. Fourth, regional and other preferential trade agreements are both a result and a cause of the lack of progress in multilateral trade negotiations. They violate the basic World Trade Organization tenet of most favored nation and thus pose a potential threat to the multilateral system and a potential stimulus to further multilateral collaboration. Fifth, sanitary and phytosanitary and technical barriers to trade are being increasingly used by both developed and developing countries but their protective intent is difficult to gauge. There is a need for increased vigilance, transparency, and reporting to ensure that they are not being used as a means of protection of economic interests. Sixth, the service sectors are the most promising area where efforts for further liberalization are needed and may produce significant benefits. And seventh, far less additional protection has been put in place following the 2008 financial crisis compared with what had been feared or what had happened in earlier crises
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6463
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trade Policy and Market Access Issues for Developing Countries : Implications for the Millennium Round (1999)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (92 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Michalopoulos, Constantine Trade Policy and Market Access Issues for Developing Countries
    Keywords: Agricultural Trade ; Country Strategy and Performance ; Debt Markets ; Developed Countries ; Developing Countries ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Export Subsidies ; Export Subsidy ; Exports ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free Trade ; Imports ; International Economics & Trade ; International Market ; International Trade ; International Trading ; International Trading System ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Multilateral Trade Negotiations ; Private Sector Development ; Production ; Public Sector Development ; Tariff ; Tariffs ; Trade ; Trade Law ; Trade Policies ; Trade Policy ; Trade Policy ; Trade Remedies ; World Trade ; Agricultural Trade ; Country Strategy and Performance ; Debt Markets ; Developed Countries ; Developing Countries ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Export Subsidies ; Export Subsidy ; Exports ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free Trade ; Imports ; International Economics & Trade ; International Market ; International Trade ; International Trading ; International Trading System ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Multilateral Trade Negotiations ; Private Sector Development ; Production ; Public Sector Development ; Tariff ; Tariffs ; Trade ; Trade Law ; Trade Policies ; Trade Policy ; Trade Policy ; Trade Remedies ; World Trade
    Abstract: October 1999 - An analysis of developing countries' current trade policies and market access problems is used as a basis for recommending positions for these countries in the new round of multilateral negotiations under the World Trade Organization. Michalopoulos analyzes 61 trade policy reviews prepared for the World Trade Organization (WTO) and its predecessor, GATT - reviews that document the progress developing countries have made in integration with the world trading system over the past decade. Based on an analysis of post-Uruguay Round tariff and nontariff barriers worldwide, he then recommends developing country positions on major issues in the new round of WTO trade negotiations. His key conclusions and recommendations: · Agriculture. Developing countries should support the Cairns Group in its push for greater liberalization of industrial countries' agricultural trade policies; the revised Food Aid Convention is not a substitute for but a complement to worldwide liberalization of agriculture. · Manufactures. The existence of tariff peaks and escalation in industrial country markets and the limited bindings at relatively high levels of developing country tariffs on manufactures present opportunities for negotiations with good prospects for shared and balanced benefits. The remaining nontariff barriers in industrial countries that affect manufactures are concentrated in textiles and clothing. Developing countries should ensure that industrial countries implement their commitments to liberalize this sector and impose no new nontariff barriers in this or other sectors under the guise of other rules or arrangements. The remaining nontariff barriers in developing countries should be converted into tariffs and reduced over time as part of the negotiations. · Antidumping. The increased use of antidumping measures by high- and middle-income developing countries in recent periods offers an opportunity for balanced negotiations to restrict their use. Reduced use of antidumping measures would increase efficiency and benefit consumers in all countries. But it is unclear whether a supportive climate for such negotiations exists in either industrial or developing countries. This paper - a product of Trade, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to identify opportunities for developing countries in the WTO 2000 negotiations. The author may be contacted at cmichalopoulosworldbank.org
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Are Customs Unions Economically Sensible in the Commonwealth of Independent States (2004)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The twelve members of the Commonwealth of Independent States established a Free Trade Area to help maintain trade among each other. More recently, Belarus, Kazakstan, the Kyrgyz Republic and Russia agreed, in principle, to establish a Customs Union (CU). The paper concludes that the dynamic effects of the CU (and Free Trade Area) are likely to be negative because it would tend to lock the countries into the old technology of the Soviet Union. The static effects are mixed but are adverse for countries that have liberal trade regimes compared to the common external tariff contemplated for the CU
    DOI: 10.1596/25932
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trends in Developing Country Trade 1980-2010 (2013)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (38 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Michalopoulos, Constantine Trends in Developing Country Trade 1980-2010
    Abstract: This paper reviews trends and patterns in developing countries' trade from 1980 to 2010. During the 30-year span, world trade expanded rapidly, especially in developing countries in the last decade. A similar picture emerges in trade in services. These overall trends, however, mask different trade patterns during some of the time periods and among different developing countries and groups. For example, except for Asia, the 1980s were pretty much a "lost" decade for many developing countries and groups. But that changed in the 1990s and 2000s, with trade by all major developing countries growing faster than developed countries. From 1980 to 2000, trade by Least Developed Countries grew much more slowly than that of developing countries as a whole. But those countries saw the fastest growth in trade in the following decade. This strong overall trade performance-with some exceptions (for example Sub-Sahara Africa in the manufacturing trade)-raises questions about sustainability, trade policy and the architecture of the trading system
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6334
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Payments and finance problems in the CIS (1996)
    Washington, DC : World Bank, Europe and Central Asia Country Dept. III, Office of the Director
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (49 p) , 28 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 1587
    Parallel Title: Michalopoulos, Constantine Payments and finance problems in the CIS
    Keywords: Finance ; Foreign exchange ; International clearing ; Finance ; Foreign exchange ; International clearing
    Note: "April 1996"--P. [1] of cover , Includes bibliographical references
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Developing countries' participation in the World Trade Organization (1998)
    Washington, DC : World Bank and World Trade Organization
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (34 p) , 28 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 1906
    Parallel Title: Michalopoulos, Constantine Developing countries' participation in the World Trade Organization
    Keywords: World Trade Organization ; World Trade Organization ; International trade ; International trade ; Developing countries Foreign economic relations ; Developing countries Foreign economic relations
    Note: "March 1998"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 34)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    WTO accession for countries in transition (1998)
    Washington, DC : World Bank, Development Research Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (24 p) , 27 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 1934
    Parallel Title: Michalopoulos, Constantine WTO accession for countries in transition
    Keywords: World Trade Organization ; World Trade Organization ; Former Soviet republics Commerce ; Former Soviet republics Commerce
    Note: "June 1998"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 24)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Developing country goals and strategies for the millennium round (1999)
    Washington, DC (1818 H St., NW, Washington 20433) : World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (41 p) , 28 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2147
    Parallel Title: Michalopoulos, Constantine Developing country goals and strategies for the millennium round
    Keywords: Free trade ; Free trade ; Developing countries Commercial policy ; Developing countries Economic policy ; Developing countries Commercial policy ; Developing countries Economic policy
    Note: "July 1999"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. [35]-37)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The integration of transition economies into the world trading system (1999)
    Washington, DC : World Bank, Europe and Central Asia Regional Office, Office of the Regional Vice President
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (ii, 38 p) , 28 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2182
    Parallel Title: Michalopoulos, Constantine The integration of transition economies into the world trading system
    Keywords: World Trade Organization ; World Trade Organization ; Former Soviet republics Economic integration ; Former Soviet republics Economic integration ; Former Soviet republics Commercial policy ; Former Soviet republics Foreign economic relations ; Former Soviet republics Commercial policy ; Former Soviet republics Foreign economic relations
    Abstract: Transition economies are at different stages of integration into the world trading system. Most remaining reforms and adjustments must be initiated by the countries themselves. But the United States and the European Union can help by reviewing their policies toward "nonmarket" economies
    Note: "September 1999"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-37)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The role of special and differential treatment for developing countries in GATT and the World Trade Organization (2000)
    Washington, DC : World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (41 p) , 28 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2388
    Parallel Title: Michalopoulos, Constantine The role of special and differential treatment for developing countries in GATT and the World Trade Organization
    Keywords: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Organization) ; World Trade Organization ; General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Organization) ; World Trade Organization ; Developing countries Commerce ; Developing countries Commerce
    Abstract: Weaknesses in the institutional capacity of many developing countries provide a rationale for continuing special and differential treatment under the World Trade Organization (WTO), but the benefits should be targeted only to low-income developing countries and those that need help becoming integrated with the international trading system. An effective system of graduation should be put in place for higher-income developing countries
    Note: "June 2000"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 38-41) , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...