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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (841)
  • 2015-2019  (841)
  • 1970-1974
  • Social Issues/Migration/Health  (841)
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Years
Year
Keywords
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264293595 , 9789264574021 , 9789264929722
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (76 Seiten) , 21 x 28cm
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Italy
    Abstract: This report focuses on the local level integration of migrants in Rome, and provides information on the national framework for integration in Italy. While the study assumes that local authorities are at the forefront of migrant integration - providing information and essential services, ensuring access to education and the labour market, overcoming the barriers for full inclusion in the host society, and managing conflicts - local authorities are not alone. This report stresses the importance of multi-level governance of migrant integration, highlighting the key role of third sector enterprises, NGOs, business, faith-based organisations and unions. It identifies and shares selected local actions and governance practices to manage the short- and long-term effects of migration flows, and provides an international comparative of practices implemented by other EU cities, highlighting the most effective measures and lessons learned
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Empowering women beyond Finland
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Economics ; Finland
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (5 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Tunisia's integrity challenge
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Tunisia
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe A beacon for the next 50 years
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Economics ; Finland
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Un ascenseur social en panne ?
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Indonésie : la protection sociale à l’appui de la démocratie
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Indonesia
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Finlande : Autonomiser les femmes ailleurs aussi
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Economics ; Finland
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Le logement d’abord : la solution finlandaise au phénomène des sans-abri
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Finland
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264357518
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (58 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Soziale Sicherheit ; Wirtschaftliche Sicherheit ; Risiko ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The OECD Risks that Matter survey finds that these worries are weighing on people’s minds across countries. Risks that Matter examines people’s perceptions of the social and economic risks they face and assesses how well people feel government reacts to their concerns. The survey polled a representative sample of 22 000 adults in 21 OECD countries in 2018. Across countries, people are largely dissatisfied with existing social programmes. A majority of respondents believe that government would not provide them with an adequate safety net if they lost their income due to job loss, illness or old age. More than half feel that they would not be able to access public benefits easily if they needed them. And, on average, nearly three-quarters of all respondents want government to do more to protect their social and economic security. This survey shows that listening to people matters. Implementation matters. OECD countries have some of the most advanced social protection systems in the world, but policies are not reaching their full potential if people do not feel they can access benefits and services when needed. Governments must recommit to restoring trust, confidence, and efficacy in social protection.
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  • 11
    ISBN: 9789264429208 , 9789264580145 , 9789264924338
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (112 Seiten) , 21 x 28cm
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Vocational Education and Training
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany
    Abstract: The German vocational education and training (VET) system is admired around the world for its ability to prepare young people for skilled employment. In Germany, VET smooths transitions into work and is closely aligned with labour market demand. This report focuses on an unprecedented test of the German VET system: how to respond to the significant increase in migrants who arrived in the country in 2015-16. The study explores both the opportunities and the challenges presented by migration. Germany has already devoted significant attention to VET as a mechanism for enabling integration – and for good reason. Work-based learning assists integration because it demonstrably gives learners skills that employers want in real-world settings. The report assesses the barriers faced by learners in their journeys into and through VET, exploring how such challenges can be addressed. In addition, the study looks at system-wide issues in relation to how VET provision and integration policy is governed. Lastly, it explores opportunities for increased flexibility in the German VET system of relevance to all youth at risk of not succeeding in VET. In responding to migrant needs, German VET can become more inclusive without reducing quality
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveroeffentlichers)
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  • 12
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD social, employment and migration working papers no. 225
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Signalling ; Humankapital ; Freie Mitarbeiter ; Telearbeit ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Digitale Plattform ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper studies the effects of a voluntary skill certification scheme in an online freelancing labour market. The paper show that obtaining skill certificates increases a worker’s earnings. This effect is not driven by increased worker productivity but by decreased employer uncertainty. The increase in worker earnings is mostly realised through an increase in the value of the projects obtained (up to 10%) rather than an increase in the number of projects obtained (up to 0.03 projects). In addition, the paper finds evidence for negative selection to completing skill certificates, which suggests that the workers who complete more skill certificates are, on average, in a more disadvantaged position in the labour market. Finally, skill certificates are found to be an imperfect substitute to other types of standardised information. On the whole, the results suggest that certificates play a role in helping new workers break into the labour market, but are more valuable to workers with at least some work experience. More stringent skill certification tests could improve the benefits to new workers.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Le coût de l’injustice
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264802377 , 9789264930346 , 9789264880122
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Talent abroad
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Brain Drain ; Auswanderung ; Rumänien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Romania ; Rumänien ; Braindrain ; Auswanderung
    Abstract: In recent years, Romania has undergone major economic, social and political transformations. Given the significant emigration of the Romanian population and the recognition of the contributions of the diaspora, Romanian authorities are seeking to better understand this pool of talent residing abroad, which has great potential to contribute to the economic and social development of Romania. This review provides the first comprehensive portrait of the Romanian diaspora in OECD countries. By profiling Romanian emigrants, this review aims to strengthen knowledge about this community and thus help to consolidate the relevance of the policies deployed by Romania towards its emigrants.
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264311756 , 9789264312241 , 9789264312234
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (132 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Getting Skills Right
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Getting skills right
    Keywords: Erwachsenenbildung ; Lebenslanges Lernen ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Erwachsenenbildung
    Abstract: With digitalisation, deepening globalisation and population ageing, the world of work is changing. The extent to which individuals, firms and economies can harness the benefits of these changes critically depends on the readiness of adult learning systems to help people develop relevant skills for this changing world of work. This report presents the key results from the Priorities for Adult Learning (PAL) Dashboard which facilitates comparisons between countries along seven dimensions of the readiness of adult learning systems to address future skill challenges. Based on the dashboard, the report highlights in which areas action is needed, and policy examples from OECD and emerging countries throughout the report illustrate how these actions could be implemented.
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  • 16
    Title: РЕШЕНИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОГО ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ ВОЗДУХА В КАЗАХСТАНЕ : Руководящие принципы реформирования политики в области экологических платежей
    ISBN: 9789264867031 , 9789264460553 , 9789264932913
    Language: Russian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (184 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Addressing Industrial Air Pollution in Kazakhstan: Reforming Environmental Payments Policy Guidelines
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Taxation ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: В Казахстане, с тех пор, как он стал независимым, зафиксированы впечатляющие темпы экономического роста, в основном в результате экспорта биржевых товаров и высокого уровня использования энергии. Эти темпы неустойчивы и создают значительное загрязнение воздуха, особенно из стационарных промышленных источников. Это ставит под угрозу устремления страны в области развития к 2050 году стать одной из ведущих экономик мира и приблизиться по уровню жизни к государствам — членам ОЭСР. В данной публикации, которая опирается на более ранние исследования ОЭСР, показано, что в Казахстане экологические платежи (экологические налоги, взыскания за несоблюдение требований и компенсация экологического ущерба) за промышленные загрязнители воздуха, применяемые в настоящее время, препятствуют энергоэффективности и борьбе с загрязнением жесткими мерами реагирования на несоблюдение требований и сосредоточенностью на привлечении доходов. Кроме того, они увеличивают издержки, связанные с ведением бизнеса в стране, и приносят мало пользы окружающей среде. Необходимо провести дальнейшие серьезные реформы регулирования экологических платежей в духе принципа «загрязнитель платит». В данном отчете представлены руководящие принципы реформ, основанные на положениях о загрязнении воздуха государств — членов ОЭСР и результатах анализа системы Казахстана, который ОЭСР проводила в тесном сотрудничестве с Правительством Казахстана.
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  • 17
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD social, employment and migration working papers no. 226
    Keywords: Arbeitslosigkeit ; Berufserfahrung ; Qualifikation ; Arbeitsmarktintegration ; Australien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Although Australia’s labour market escaped the dramatic negative impact of the global financial economic crisis seen in other OECD countries, a substantial share of working-age Australians either did were not working or worked only to a limited extent as the global recovery gathered pace between 2013 and 2014. The paper extends a method proposed by Fernandez et al. (2016) to measure and visualise employment barriers of individuals with no or weak labour-market attachment, using household micro-data. The most common employment obstacles in Australia are limited work experience, low skills and poor health. A notable finding is that almost one third of jobless or low-intensity workers face three or more simultaneous barriers, highlighting the limits of policy approaches that focus on subsets of these employment obstacles in isolation. A statistical clustering approach points to seven distinct groups, each characterized by unique profiles of employment barriers that call for different configurations of activation and employment-support policies.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
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  • 18
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 58 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD social, employment and migration working papers no. 227
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; France ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The OECD actively supports countries with the implementation of the OECD Jobs Strategy through the preparation of labour market chapters in the OECD Economic Surveys. This paper provides an overview of the analytical work carried out in the context of the 2019 Economic Survey for France. The paper consists of a preliminary assessment of the French labour market reforms since 2017 related to the tax and benefit system, employment protection, and collective bargaining. These reforms are broadly in line with the recommendations of the OECD Jobs Strategy. They are likely to contribute to enhanced employment and living standards of low-skilled workers and reduce labour market duality. However, a close monitoring will be necessary to assess whether their implementation has the desired effects and additional measures are needed.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 66 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD social, employment and migration working papers no. 230
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report asks what is happening to middle-skill workers. Driven by mega trends such as automation, ageing and offshoring, the share of jobs whose wages placed them firmly in the middle of the wage distribution has been declining. Termed job polarisation, economists have observed the decline in the share of middle-skill jobs in the majority of OECD labour markets. One little explored question is where are these workers going? This report examines what workers are doing who in the past would have been employed in middle-skill jobs. The report first examines the traits of previous middle-skill workers to build a picture of the “typical” middle-skill worker. Using this profile, the report next examines what types of jobs a worker with the typical middle-skill profile is taking, and how likely such a worker is to be working. The study then analyses different metrics of job stability and compensation to put in perspective what shifts out of middle-skill work imply for labour market outcomes.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Paris] : OECD | Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264484580
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (252 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Edition: Launch version
    Series Statement: OECD health policy studies
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The heavy burden of obesity
    Keywords: Körpergewicht ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Gesundheitsökonomik ; OECD-Staaten ; EU-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; OECD ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Körpergewicht ; Fettsucht ; Übergewicht
    Abstract: Almost one in four people in OECD countries is currently obese. This epidemic has far-reaching consequences for individuals, society and the economy. Using microsimulation modelling, this book analyses the burden of obesity and overweight in 52 countries (including OECD, European Union and G20 countries), showing how overweight reduces life expectancy, increases healthcare costs, decreases workers' productivity and lowers GDP. The report makes the urgent economic case to scale up investments in policies to promote healthy lifestyles and tackle this growing global public health problem. The book evaluates a number of policies which could significantly improve health outcomes while being an excellent investment for countries.
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 243-252
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9789264959941
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (280 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Educational research and innovation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Educating 21st century children
    Keywords: Kinder ; Kinderbetreuung ; Digitalisierung ; Sozialer Indikator ; Zufriedenheit ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: What is the nature of childhood today? On a number of measures, modern children’s lives have clearly improved thanks to better public safety and support for their physical and mental health. New technologies help children to learn, socialise and unwind, and older, better-educated parents are increasingly playing an active role in their children's education. At the same time, we are more connected than ever before, and many children have access to tablets and smartphones before they learn to walk and talk. Twenty-first century children are more likely to be only children, increasingly pushed to do more by “helicopter parents” who hover over their children to protect them from potential harm. In addition to limitless online opportunities, the omnipresent nature of the digital world brings new risks, like cyber-bullying, that follow children from the schoolyard into their homes. This report examines modern childhood, looking specifically at the intersection between emotional well-being and new technologies. It explores how parenting and friendships have changed in the digital age. It examines children as digital citizens, and how best to take advantage of online opportunities while minimising the risks. The volume ends with a look at how to foster digital literacy and resilience, highlighting the role of partnerships, policy and protection.
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  • 22
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD health working papers no. 110
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: To gain a better understanding of the financial sustainability of health systems, the OECD has produced a new set of health spending projections up to 2030 for all its member countries. Estimates are produced across a range of policy situations. Policy situations analysed include a “base” scenario – estimates of health spending growth in the absence of major policy changes – and a number of alternative scenarios that model the effect on health spending of policies that increase productivity or contribute to better lifestyles; or conversely, ineffective policies that contribute to additional cost pressures on health systems.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
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  • 23
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 85 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD health working papers no. 112
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Canada ; France ; Germany ; United States ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviours have been rising throughout the OECD in recent decades. Lack of physical activity and excessive sedentary behaviour are well-known risk factors for non-communicable diseases, such as heart diseases, stroke, diabetes, and osteoporosis. As such, reducing physical inactivity and sedentary behaviours and increasing daily physical activity has become a crucial public health issue. Using nationally representative time use surveys, this paper presents the trends in physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviours over time, in Canada, France, Germany and the United States. A particular focus of this analysis is placed on sport activities. Men and women spend between 80 and 105 minutes daily in physical activities, with women spending more time in domestic physical activity, and men more time in sports. Participation in sport activities has been increasing over time, but no global trend for time spent in sports is visible; additionally, women are consistently less likely than men to report engagement in sport activities. Meanwhile, participation in active travel has been decreasing, displaying no overall trend for duration either. Education-based inequalities for sports participation are higher in men than in women, while income-based inequalities for sports are higher in women than in men. Men and women with a low level of income are more likely to report active travel in all countries. Additional MET (metabolic equivalent) hours spent in sports and non-sports leisure PA, domestic PA, and active travel are all associated with an increase in total PA, while work-related PA as well as other activities are associated with a decrease in total PA. At the individual level, an increase in time spent in all previously mentioned activities is associated with a decrease in total time spent in sedentary behaviours.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264744202 , 9789264522008 , 9789264728882
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (117 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Investing in Youth
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Investing in youth
    Keywords: Bildungsinvestition ; Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Jugendliche ; Jugendpolitik ; Finnland ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Finland ; Finnland ; Jugendpolitik ; Bildungspolitik ; Junger Arbeitnehmer
    Abstract: The series Investing in Youth builds on the expertise of the OECD on youth employment, social support and skills. It covers both OECD countries and key emerging economies. The report on Finland presents new results from a comprehensive analysis of the situation of young people in Finland, exploiting various sources of survey-based and administrative data. It provides a detailed assessment of education, employment and social policies in Finland from an international perspective, and offers tailored recommendations to help improve the school-to-work transition. Earlier reviews in the same series have looked at youth policies in Brazil (2014), Latvia and Tunisia (2015), Australia, Lithuania and Sweden (2016), Japan (2017), Norway (2018) and Peru (2019).
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264150065 , 9789264311978 , 9789264537385
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Getting Skills Right
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Adult learning in Italy
    Keywords: Erwachsenenbildung ; Bildungsfinanzierung ; Italien ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Italy ; Italien ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Bildungsfinanzierung
    Abstract: While Italy has made major progress in the past decade to up-skill its population and workers, further efforts are needed to improve access to good quality adult learning opportunities. Training funds represent one important tool through which Italy could face the pressures brought about by the mega-trends, and equip adults and workers with the skills needed to thrive in the labour market and society. This report analyses how training funds are designed, used, and monitored, and provides actionable policy recommendations to ensure that they are put to their most effective use.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264834392 , 9789264433854 , 9789264716735
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (137 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Pathways
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Estudio multidimensional de Paraguay : Volumen 3. Del Análisis a la Acción
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Multi-dimensional review of Paraguay ; volume 3: From analysis to action
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Paraguay
    Abstract: Paraguay has set itself ambitious development goals for 2030. To achieve them, it will have to tackle two major challenges: buttressing sources of sustainable economic prosperity and putting the country on a more inclusive development path. Progressing towards a more inclusive society will require a broad and vigorous reform agenda. First, the country’s healthcare system requires systemic reform to widen its coverage, reduce Paraguayans’ vulnerability in the face of health risks and increase the efficiency of health service provision. Second, the social protection system needs to overcome its fragmentation and become more effective in delivering the right services and risk management tools to citizens according to their needs. In particular, the pension system requires reforms to increase its coverage and become more equitable and more sustainable. Third, the quality and the inclusiveness of its education and training system need to be strengthened to generate the skills the economy needs, and provide opportunities to all. Based on the analysis and recommendations undertaken in Volumes 1 and 2 of this Multi-dimensional country review, this report identifies key areas for action and presents targeted action plans to kick-start reform. The report also provides a dashboard of monitoring indicators to support the reform agenda in the country.
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264684461
    Language: English
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Keywords: 2010-2017 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Irland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Ireland ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in Ireland as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264900776 , 9789264446922 , 9789264931398
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (185 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Recruiting Immigrant Workers
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Recruiting immigrant workers
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; Kanada ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Canada ; Kanada ; Ausländischer Arbeitnehmer ; Ausländische Arbeitnehmerin ; Migrationspolitik
    Abstract: Canada has not only the largest in terms of numbers, but also the most elaborate and longest-standing skilled labour migration system in the OECD. Largely as a result of many decades of managed labour migration, more than one in five people in Canada is foreign-born, one of the highest shares in the OECD. 60% of Canada’s foreign-born population are highly educated, the highest share OECD-wide. The recent introduction of Express Entry, a two-step selection system based on an initial pre-sreening of suitable candidates who enter a pool by Expression of Interest and subsequent selection of the most skilled candidates from the pool, has further enhanced the competitive edge of the selection system relative to other countries. It also ensures that those with the skills to succeed are admitted to Canada in a quick and efficient way. Core to Canada's success is not only the elaborate selection system itself, but also the innovation and infrastructure around it, which ensures constant testing, monitoring and adaptation of its parameters. This includes a comprehensive and constantly improving data infrastructure, coupled with the capacity to analyse it, and swift policy reaction to new evidence and emerging challenges.
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264623385
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe België: Landenprofiel Gezondheid 2019
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Belgique : Profils de santé par pays 2019
    Keywords: 2010-2017 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Belgien ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Belgium ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in Belgium as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264731110
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Κύπρος: Προφίλ Υγείας 2019
    Keywords: 2010-2017 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Zypern ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Cyprus ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in Cyprus as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264647657
    Language: English
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Latvija: Valsts veselības pārskats 2019
    Keywords: 2010-2017 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Lettland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Latvia ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in Latvia as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264289208
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Eesti: riigi terviseprofiil 2019
    Keywords: 2010-2017 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Estland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Estonia ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in Estonia as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264674462 , 9789264939790 , 9789264426979
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Health for everyone?
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitswesen ; Soziale Ungleichheit ; OECD-Staaten ; EU-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Europäische Union ; OECD ; Gesundheitswesen ; Soziale Ungleichheit
    Abstract: Good health is a key component of people’s well-being. It is a value in itself but – through its influence on social, education and labour market outcomes – being in good or bad health has also wider implications on people’s chances of leading a fulfilling and productive life. Yet, even in the OECD countries, health inequality persists with severe consequences on the goal of promoting inclusive growth. This report documents a comprehensive range of inequalities in health and health systems to the detriment of disadvantaged population groups in a large set of OECD and EU countries. It assesses the gaps in health outcomes and risk factors between different socio-economic groups. When it comes to health systems, the report measures inequalities in health care utilisation, unmet needs and the affordability of health care services. For each of these different domains, the report identifies groups of countries that display higher, intermediate, and low levels of inequality. The report makes a strong case for addressing health-related inequalities as a key component of a policy strategy to promote inclusive growth and reduce social inequalities. It also provides a framework for more in-depth analyses on how to address these inequalities at country level.
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9789264913608 , 9789264386464 , 9789264424371
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (152 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Novel Food and Feed Safety
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Safety assessment of foods and feeds derived from transgenic crops ; volume 3: Common bean, rice, cowpea and apple compositional considerations
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This volume compiles the consensus documents developed by the OECD Working Group for the Safety of Novel Foods and Feeds from 2015 to 2019. It deals with the composition of common bean, rice, cowpea and apple, four important crops for agriculture and food consumption worldwide. The science-based information collated here is intended for use during the regulatory assessment of food/feed products derived from modern biotechnology, i.e. issued from transgenic plants. Compositional considerations are provided for each species, including tables detailing the key nutrients, anti-nutrients, possible toxicants, allergens and other metabolites contained in the products. This essential information and solid data can be used in the comparative approach as part of the novel food/feed safety assessment. It should be of value to crop breeders and applicants for commercial uses of novel foods and feeds, to regulators and risk assessors in national authorities, as well as the wider scientific community. More information can be found at BioTrack Online.
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264182813 , 9789264995727 , 9789264485259
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (137 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Caminos de Desarrollo
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Multi-dimensional Review of Paraguay: Volume 3. From Analysis to Action
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Paraguay
    Abstract: Paraguay se ha fijado ambiciosos objetivos de desarrollo para 2030. Para lograrlos, tendrá que enfrentar dos grandes desafíos: reforzar las fuentes sostenibles de prosperidad económica y situar al país en una senda de desarrollo más inclusiva. Avanzar hacia una sociedad más inclusiva requerirá una agenda de reformas amplia y vigorosa. Primero, el sistema de salud del país requiere una reforma sistémica para ampliar su cobertura, reducir la vulnerabilidad de los paraguayos ante los riesgos en salud y aumentar la eficiencia en la provisión de servicios de salud. En segundo lugar, el sistema de protección social debe superar su fragmentación y ser más eficaz en la prestación de los servicios adecuados y las herramientas de gestión de riesgos a los ciudadanos de acuerdo con sus necesidades. En particular, el sistema de pensiones requiere reformas para aumentar su cobertura y ser más equitativo y más sostenible. Tercero, la calidad y la inclusividad del sistema de educación y capacitación deben fortalecerse para generar las habilidades que necesita la economía y brindar oportunidades a todos. Con base en el análisis y las recomendaciones realizadas en los Volúmenes 1 y 2 de este Estudio Multidimensional de País, este informe identifica áreas clave para la acción y presenta planes de acción específicos para iniciar la reforma. El informe también proporciona un cuadro de indicadores de monitoreo para respaldar la agenda de reforma en el país.
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264473331
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Hrvatska: pregled stanja zdravlja i zdravstvene zaštite 2019
    Keywords: 2010-2017 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Kroatien ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Croatia ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in Croatia as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264916777
    Language: German
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Germany: Country Health Profile 2019
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264551749
    Language: Dutch
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Netherlands: Country Health Profile 2019
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Netherlands
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264921962 , 9789264392229 , 9789264732896
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Building an EU talent pool
    Keywords: Hochqualifizierte Arbeitskräfte ; Migranten ; Migrationspolitik ; EU-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Industry and Services ; Europäische Union ; Migrationspolitik ; Hochqualifizierter Beruf
    Abstract: How can the European Union become more attractive for talented professionals looking for job opportunities worldwide? Can EU-level action support employers, private and public stakeholders in each Member State to better leverage international recruitment into the Single Market? This report presents a new overview of the obstacles that continue to hamper the attraction and recruitment of skills from outside Europe, and discusses the role of both public and private initiatives to help overcome these barriers. It provides a comparative analysis of the Expression of Interest (EoI) system of migration management as implemented in Australia, Canada and New Zealand, and assesses its potential to address the needs of the European labour migration system. The report presents several options and variants for adapting the EoI, step by step and EU-wide, and examines their feasibility, constraints and advantages.
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264804111 , 9789264855618 , 9789264657878
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (204 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Abstract: This report looks at how governments can ensure that everyone has access to justice, and that justice processes and services are responsive to people’s needs. Based on lessons derived from people-centred service delivery, the report identifies access to justice principles and promising practices, as well as measurement tools and indicators to help countries monitor their progress. It sets out a framework for people-centred service design and delivery that can be applied to the entire legal and justice chain. Drawing on over five years of research and collaboration with OECD member countries and partner economies, the report contributes to our collective understanding of effective access to justice and the crucial role it plays in inclusive and sustainable growth and development.
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264995833
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (300 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Settling In 2018: Indicators of Immigrant Integration
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Trouver ses marques 2018 : Les indicateurs de l'intégration des immigrés
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Diese Gemeinschaftspublikation von OECD und Europäischer Kommission bietet einen vergleichenden Überblick über die Integrationsergebnisse von Migranten und ihren Kindern in sämtlichen EU- und OECD-Ländern sowie ausgewählten G20-Ländern. Sie basiert auf 74 Indikatoren zu 3 Themenbereichen: Beschäftigung und Kompetenzen, Lebensbedingungen sowie bürgerschaftliches Engagement und soziale Integration. Detaillierte Daten zu den Merkmalen der Zuwandererbevölkerung und der Zuwandererhaushalte ermöglichen die bessere Einordnung dieses Vergleichs. In drei Sonderkapiteln geht es um geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede bei der Integration der Zugewanderten, junge Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund und Drittstaatsangehörige in der Europäischen Union.
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264559950
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Portugal: Country Health Profile 2019
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Portugal
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264508873
    Language: Dutch
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Belgium: Country Health Profile 2019
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Belgique : Profils de santé par pays 2019
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Belgium
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9789264389953
    Language: Croatian
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Croatia: Country Health Profile 2019
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Croatia
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264673663 , 9789264483224 , 9789264919594
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Policy responses to new forms of work
    Keywords: Beschäftigungssystem ; Selbstständige ; Digitale Plattform ; Arbeitsvertrag ; Sozialpolitik ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Arbeitsvertrag ; Selbstständige Arbeit ; Sozialpolitik
    Abstract: This report provides a snapshot of the policy actions being taken by OECD, EU and G20 countries in response to growing diversity in forms of employment, with the aim of encouraging peer learning where countries are facing similar issues. It shows that many countries are reflecting on whether existing policies and institutions are capable of addressing effectively the current (and future) challenges of a rapidly changing world of work. In recent years, many countries have seen the emergence of, and/or growth in, particular labour contract types that diverge from the standard employment relationship (i.e. full-time dependent employment of indefinite duration). These include temporary and casual contracts, as well as own-account work and platform work. Several countries have also seen growth in false self-employment, where employers seek to evade tax and regulatory dues and obligations. These changes are driving policy makers worldwide to review how policies in different areas – labour market, skills development, social protection – can best respond. How can policymakers balance the flexibility offered by a diversity of employment contracts, on the one hand, with protection for workers and businesses, on the other?
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  • 46
    ISBN: 9789264312685 , 9789264312692 , 9789264311312
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (96 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Prêts à aider ? : Améliorer la résilience des dispositifs d’intégration pour les réfugiés et les autres immigrés vulnérables
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ready to help?
    DDC: 330
    Keywords: Migranten ; Flüchtlinge ; Soziale Integration ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This report looks at ways to improve the resilience of systems to deal with the unexpected arrival of large inflows of refugees and other vulnerable migrants. It begins with an overview of the recent flows of migrants seeking protection, discusses the expected economic impact of these flows, and notes what has been an unprecedented multilateral response. It then examines the process of integrating refugees and other vulnerable migrants, in terms of their economic and social outcomes, as well as specific factors of vulnerability. It also provides a comprehensive assessment of the transition policies in place to support their livelihood in destination and transit countries, as well as in origin countries upon return. Finally, the report tackles issues of anticipation, monitoring and reacting, examining the role of early warning mechanisms and the challenge of improving information so as to better monitor integration outcomes and frame policies.
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  • 47
    ISBN: 9789264674523
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (111 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Delivering Quality Health Services: A Global Imperative
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: La couverture sanitaire universelle (CSU) vise à assurer la sécurité sanitaire et l'accès universel aux services de soins essentiels sans difficultés financières pour les individus, les familles et les communautés. La CSU permet une transition vers des sociétés et des économies plus productives et équitables et est inscrite dans les objectifs de développement durable (ODD) à l'horizon 2030. Mais la CSU ne devrait pas être mise en œuvre sans prendre en compte la qualité des soins fournis. Qualité signifie des soins efficaces, sûrs, centrés sur la personne, rapides, équitables, intégrés et efficients. Des soins de haute qualité améliorent les résultats pour la santé et réduisent le gaspillage. Cela fait partie intégrante d'un système de santé durable et de grande valeur. L’accès universel à des soins de santé de haute qualité n’est pas un luxe que seuls les pays riches peuvent se permettre. Cela peut être réalisé dans tous les contextes avec un leadership, une planification et une mise en œuvre solides. Les résultats valent l'investissement. Bien que des progrès significatifs aient été accomplis pour améliorer la qualité des soins, des efforts supplémentaires sont nécessaires, tant dans les pays en développement que dans les pays développés. Ce rapport décrit la situation actuelle en matière de CSU et de qualité globale des soins, et décrit les mesures que les gouvernements, les services de santé et leurs travailleurs, ainsi que les citoyens et les patients, doivent prendre de manière urgente.
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264751064
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Good Practice for Good Jobs in Early Childhood Education and Care
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Die Gewinnung und Bindung von Fachkräften stellt im Bereich der frühkindlichen Bildung, Betreuung und Erziehung (FBBE) seit geraumer Zeit eine Herausforderung dar. Den OECD-Ländern ist es zunehmend wichtig, dass FBBE-Fachkräfte ein hohes Qualifikationsniveau besitzen, doch führen Niedriglöhne, ein geringes Ansehen, fehlende öffentliche Anerkennung, schlechte Arbeitsbedingungen und begrenzte berufliche Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten dazu, dass die Personalgewinnung und -bindung sich häufig schwierig gestalten. Was können die einzelnen Länder tun, um einen Bestand an hochqualifizierten und gut ausgebildeten FBBE-Fachkräften aufzubauen? Welches ist der beste Weg, um die Kompetenzen der Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter zu erhöhen, ohne dabei den Fachkräftemangel zu verstärken? Wie können die Länder angesichts begrenzter Ressourcen die Löhne anheben und die Arbeitsbedingungen verbessern? Auf der Grundlage früherer Arbeiten der OECD zum Thema frühkindliche Bildung, Betreuung und Erziehung und Erfahrungen aus OECD-Ländern stellt dieser Bericht bewährte Maßnahmen für bessere FBBE-Arbeitsplätze und den Ausbau des Bestands hochqualifizierter Arbeitskräfte vor.
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264637382 , 9789264585423 , 9789264483590
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (210 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rejuvenating Korea
    Keywords: Sozialer Wandel ; Familienpolitik ; Südkorea ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: Korean families are changing fast. While birth rates remain low, Koreans are marrying and starting a family later than ever before, if at all. Couple-with-children households, the dominant household type in Korea until recently, will soon make up fewer than one quarter of all households. These changes will have a profound effect on Korea’s future. Among other things, the Korean labour force is set to decline by about 2.5 million workers by 2040, with potential major implications for economic performance and the sustainability of public finances. Since the early 2000s, public policy has changed to help parents reconcile work and family commitments: Korea has developed a comprehensive formal day-care and kindergarten system with enrolment rates that are now on par with the Nordic countries. Korea also has one year of paid parental leave for both parents, but only about 25% of mothers and 5% of fathers use it, as workplace cultures are often not conducive to parents, especially fathers, taking leave. Cultural change will take time, but this review suggests there also is a need for additional labour market, education and social policy reform to help Koreans achieve both work and family aspirations, and contribute to the rejuvenation of Korean society.
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264556775
    Language: Spanish
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Spain: Country Health Profile 2019
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Spain
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  • 51
    ISBN: 9789264544703 , 9789264457188 , 9789264625099
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (130 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The supply of medical isotopes
    Keywords: Medizinprodukt ; Strahlentherapie ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Nuklearmedizin
    Abstract: This report explores the main reasons behind the unreliable supply of Technetium-99m (Tc-99m) in health-care systems and policy options to address the issue. Tc-99m is used in 85% of nuclear medicine diagnostic scans performed worldwide – around 30 million patient examinations every year. These scans allow diagnoses of diseases in many parts of the human body, including the skeleton, heart and circulatory system, and the brain. Medical isotopes are subject to radioactive decay and have to be delivered just-in-time through a complex supply chain. However, ageing production facilities and a lack of investment have made the supply of Tc-99m unreliable. This report analyses the use and substitutability of Tc-99m in health care, health-care provider payment mechanisms for scans, and the structure of the supply chain. It concludes that the main reasons for unreliable supply are that production is not economically viable and that the structure of the supply chain prevents producers from charging prices that reflect the full costs of production and supply.
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  • 52
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Series on Adverse Outcome Pathways no.14
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The thyroid hormones (TH) are essential for brain development, maturation, and function as they regulate the early key developmental processes. Normal human brain development and cognitive function relays on sufficient production of TH during the perinatal period. The function of Na+/I- symporter (NIS) is critical for the physiological production of TH levels in the serum. The present AOP describes causative links between inhibition of NIS function leading to the decreased levels of TH in the blood and consequently in the brain, causing learning and memory deficit in children. Learning and memory depend upon the coordinated action of different brain regions and neurotransmitter systems creating functionally integrated neural networks. Hippocampus and cortex are the most critical brain structures involved in the process of cognitive functions. The function of NIS and its essentiality for TH synthesis is well known across species, however, quantitative information of KERs is limited.
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264305823
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (194 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Investing in Youth
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Investing in youth
    Keywords: Bildungsinvestition ; Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Jugendliche ; Jugendpolitik ; Peru ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Peru
    Abstract: The present report on Peru is part of the series on "Investing in Youth", which builds on the expertise of the OECD on youth employment, social support and skills. This series covers both OECD countries and countries in the process of accession to the OECD, as well as some emerging economies. The report provides a detailed diagnosis of youth policies in the areas of social, employment, education and training policies. Its main focus is on young people who are not in employment, education or training (the "NEETs"). Earlier reviews in the same series have looked at youth policies in Brazil (2014), Latvia and Tunisia (2015), Australia, Lithuania and Sweden (2016), Japan (2017), and Norway (2018).
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 54
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD social, employment and migration working papers no. 232
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Labour markets across the OECD have polarised in recent decades, as the share of middle skill occupations has declined relative to that of both high- and low skill occupations. This paper shows that, contrary to what is often assumed in the public debate, job polarisation has not resulted in a decline in the share of households with middle-income across 18 OECD countries. Most of the changes in the share of middle-income households result instead from changes in the propensity of workers in different occupations to be in it. In fact the results point to a change in the relationship between occupational skill levels and household income as both middle and high skill jobs increasingly fail to deliver on the promise of the relative income status traditionally associated with their skill level. These changes might help explain some of the social frustration that has been at the centre of the political debate in recent years.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
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  • 55
    ISBN: 9789264508866 , 9789241515924
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 100 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The objectives of this study are to describe experiences in price setting and how pricing has been used to attain better coverage, quality, financial protection, and health outcomes. It builds on newly commissioned case studies and lessons learned in calculating prices, negotiating with providers, and monitoring changes. Recognising that no single model is applicable to all settings, the study aimed to generate best practices and identify areas for future research, particularly in low- and middle-income settings. The report and the case studies were jointly developed by the OECD and the WHO Centre for Health Development in Kobe (Japan).
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  • 56
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 79 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD health working papers no. 114
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: International quality measurement work is moving beyond the consideration of health system or national level variations to understand variations within countries and enable more meaningful cross-country comparison. Hospital performance is one key area where policy makers are increasing their focus on reducing variation, lifting the overall standards of care while minimizing the widespread differences in access and quality of care that are evident within health systems. In 2014 the OECD launched the Hospital Performance Project to better understand performance across countries and strengthen international comparisons. From 2015-2018 the OECD developed a method for measuring hospital level acute myocardial infarction 30-day mortality for international comparison. The methodological development and pilot data collections undertaken over this time have resulted in robust and feasible approach to ongoing routine international hospital level data collections on AMI 30-day mortality rates with potential applications to other subnational level indicators. This paper discusses the development of this measurement including technical as well as practical aspects of collecting, displaying, and analysing such data.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
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  • 57
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD social, employment and migration working papers no. 234
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper examines how the increase in under-employment since the financial crisis stems from both cyclical and structural factors, notably the gradual shift of employment toward more demand-driven service sectors. The increase in under-employment has disproportionately affected young, female and low-skilled workers, meaning that they face lower wage growth, particularly at the bottom of the income distribution.
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264657748 , 9789264388215 , 9789264313736
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (164 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Pension Systems
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of pensions systems
    Keywords: Altersvorsorge ; Portugal ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Portugal ; Portugal ; Altersversorgung
    Abstract: This review provides policy recommendations on how to improve the Portuguese pension system, building on the OECD’s best practices in pension design. It details the Portuguese pension system and identifies its strengths and weaknesses based on cross-country comparisons. The Portuguese pension system consists of an old-age safety net, a pay-as-you-go defined benefit scheme and voluntary private savings. The safety net includes an old-age social pension and a complement (the so-called Complemento Solidário para Idosos or CSI), both of which pursue similar objectives but have different eligibility criteria. The defined benefit scheme has two main components: the general social security scheme (regime geral da Segurança Social) and the civil-servant pension scheme (Caixa Geral de Aposentações or CGA). The latter has been closed to new entrants since 2006 with new civil servants contributing to the general scheme. Funded voluntary pensions make up a very small share of total pension entitlements. The OECD Reviews of Pension Systems: Portugal is the fourth in the series, after Ireland (2014), Mexico (2016) and Latvia (2018), with a fifth review on Peru under preparation.
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  • 59
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264613201
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (169 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Tackling vulnerability in the informal economy
    Keywords: Informelle Wirtschaft ; Atypische Beschäftigung ; Schwarzarbeit ; Vulnerabilitätsanalyse ; Entwicklungsländer ; Schwellenländer ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Schattenwirtschaft
    Abstract: A majority of workers in the world are informally employed and contribute to economic and social development through market and non-market activities that are not protected, regulated, well-recognised or valued. This study provides an in-depth diagnosis of informality and the vulnerability prevailing in the informal economy. It explores new ideas to improve the lives of workers in the informal economy based on the ILO indicators of informality and the new OECD Key Indicators of Informality based on Individuals and their Household (KIIbIH). The report contributes in four ways to the global debate on the transition from the informal to the formal economy: 1) by examining the multiple faces of informality in a large sample of countries representing diverse conditions, locations and stages of development; 2) by presenting new empirical evidence on the links between informality and the development process; 3) by assessing risks and vulnerabilities in the informal economy, such as poverty and occupational risks, which can be mitigated with social protection and appropriate risk management instruments; 4) by showing that the transition to formality is a complex issue that touches on a wide range of policy domains.
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264832701 , 9789264434738 , 9789264108905
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (232 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Social Institutions and Gender Index
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als SIGI 2019 Global Report
    Keywords: Sozialer Indikator ; Geschlechterdiskriminierung ; Soziale Norm ; Institutionenökonomik ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development
    Abstract: Over the past decade, the Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI) has consistently shown that governments need to look at discriminatory laws, social norms and practices to achieve gender equality and promote women’s empowerment. This 2019 global report provides an overview of the main outcomes of the SIGI in relation to women and the family, their physical integrity, access to productive and financial resources and their civic rights. Building on these outcomes, this report provides a set of policy recommendations to enhance governments’ efforts to deliver their gender-equality commitments through a three-pronged approach: starting with legal reforms and transformative gender policies, enforcing laws through community mobilisation and empowerment, and learning about the efficiency of policy through monitoring.
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264573628 , 9789264370456 , 9789264851139
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (164 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Pathways
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Social protection system review of Indonesia
    Keywords: Soziale Sicherheit ; Indonesien ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Indonesia ; OECD Development Centre ; Indonesien ; Soziale Sicherheit ; Sozialpolitik ; Sozialhilfe ; Effektivität
    Abstract: Indonesia has made impressive progress in reducing income inequality and improving living standards since the Asian Financial Crisis but the decline in poverty has slowed in recent years while inequality has risen and a large part of the population remains vulnerable. The Government of Indonesia has recognised the potential of social protection to address these challenges and to underpin a long-term development strategy based on more inclusive economic growth. As a consequence, social assistance programmes have grown significantly in recent years while social insurance has undergone major reforms. The Government is gradually realising its vision of a system of social protection, based on comprehensive and coherent coverage for all age groups.The Social Protection System Review of Indonesia charts the evolution of social protection. It explores the current context for social protection and how this is likely to evolve in the future, analyses the extent to which existing programmes are aligned to those needs and how effective these programmes are at reducing poverty. It also examines the financing of social protection. Finally, it proposes policies to enhance the social protection system across a number of dimensions, including programmes, institutions, financing and information architecture.
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264463035 , 9789264894600 , 9789264773325
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (234 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD investment policy reviews
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Kroatien ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Croatia ; Kroatien ; Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik
    Abstract: This review was prepared in response to Croatia's 2015 request to adhere to the Declaration on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises. It assesses the climate for domestic and foreign investment in Croatia, its ability to comply with the principles of openness, transparency and non-discrimination and its policy convergence with the OECD Declaration, including responsible business conduct practices, and discusses the challenges and opportunities faced by the government of Croatia in its reform efforts. Capitalising on the OECD Policy Framework for Investment, this review includes chapters on foreign investment trends and performance, foreign investor entry and operations, the legal and institutional framework for investment protection, investment promotion and facilitation, public governance, and policies to promote and enable responsible business conduct.
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264736115 , 9789264780989 , 9789264573710
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (99 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Can social protection be an engine for inclusive growth?
    Keywords: Soziale Sicherheit ; Sozialversicherung ; Öffentliche Sozialleistungen ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Deutschland ; Brasilien ; Ghana ; Indonesien ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Deutschland ; Brasilien ; Ghana ; Indonesien ; Soziale Sicherheit ; Qualitatives Wachstum
    Abstract: The potential role of social protection in the development process has received heightened recognition in recent years, yet making a strong investment case for social protection remains particularly challenging in many emerging and developing countries. This report challenges us to think deeply about the economic rationale for social protection investments through an inclusive development lens. It helps us understand the links between social protection, growth and inequality; how to measure those links empirically; social protection’s impact on inclusive growth; and how to build a more solid economic case for greater social protection investments. The report adds to the debate on social protection in three ways. First, it proposes a methodological framework to conceptualise and measure the impact of social protection on what the OECD defines as inclusive growth. Second, it provides new empirical evidence on the impact of different social protection programmes on inclusive growth. Third, it helps strengthen the case for greater investments in social protection while also calling for better data to measure impacts.
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  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264452848
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Polska: Profil systemu ochrony zdrowia 2019
    Keywords: 2010-2017 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Polen ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Poland ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in Poland as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264870734
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Nederland: Landenprofiel Gezondheid 2019
    Keywords: 2010-2017 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Niederlande ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Netherlands ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in the Netherlands as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264903371
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Romania: Profilul Sănătății în 2019
    Keywords: 2010-2017 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Rumänien ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Romania ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in Romania as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264383685
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe България: Здравен профил за страната 2019
    Keywords: 2019 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Bulgarien ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Bulgaria ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in Bulgaria as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
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  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264775190
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Österreich: Länderprofil Gesundheit 2019
    Keywords: 2010-2017 ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Österreich ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Austria ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in Austria as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
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  • 69
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264578661
    Language: English
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Keywords: 2019 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Großbritannien ; EU-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in the United Kingdom as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
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  • 70
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264864276
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Česká republika: zdravotní profil země 2019
    Keywords: 2010-2017 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Tschechien ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Czech Republic ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in Czech Republic as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264484078
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe France : Profils de santé par pays 2019
    Keywords: 2010-2017 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Frankreich ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; France ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in France as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264402119 , 9789264650916 , 9789264541344
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: TALIS
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Résultats de TALIS 2018 (Volume I) : Des enseignants et chefs d’établissement en formation à vie
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als TALIS 2018 results ; volume I: Teachers and school leaders as lifelong learners
    Keywords: Lehrkräfte ; Lebenslanges Lernen ; Welt ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Do teachers spend more time on actual teaching and learning in a typical lesson compared to previous years? Do they feel prepared to teach when they start teaching? What sort of continuous professional development programmes do they participate in and how does it impact their practice? This report looks first at how teachers apply their knowledge and skills in the classroom in the form of teaching practices, with an accompanying assessment of the demographic makeup of those classrooms and the school climate to provide context on learning environments. The volume then assesses the ways in which teachers acquired their knowledge and skills during their early education and training, as well as the steps they take to develop them through continuous professional development over the course of their career. Based on the voice of teachers and school leaders, the report offers a series of policy orientations to help strengthen the knowledge and skills of the teaching workforce to support its professionalism. The OECD Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) is the largest international survey asking teachers and school leaders about their working conditions and learning environments, and provides a barometer of the profession every five years. Results from the 2018 cycle explore and examine the various dimensions of teacher and school leader professionalism across education systems.
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  • 73
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264583115
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Deutschland: Länderprofil Gesundheit 2019
    Keywords: 2010-2017 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Deutschland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in Germany as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264771772
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Ísland: Heilbrigðismál Landsyfirlit Árið 2019
    Keywords: 2010-2017 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Island ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Iceland ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in Iceland as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
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  • 75
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264569775 , 9789264984820 , 9789264499188
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Migrant Education
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The road to integration
    RVK:
    Keywords: Soziale Integration ; Arbeitsmarktintegration ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Migration has been at the centre of policy debates across the OECD in recent years. This synthesis report identifies eight pillars of policy-making that the Strength through Diversity project has revealed to be crucial if education systems to effectively support newcomers. For each pillar, the report details a set of principles driving the design and implementation of system-level policies and school-level practices. The eight pillars are: 1. consider the heterogeneity of immigrant populations, 2. develop approaches to promote the overall well-being of immigrants, 3. address the unique needs of refugee students, 4. ensure that motivation translates into a key asset for immigrant communities, 5. organise resources to reduce the influence of socio-economic status on the outcomes of immigrants, 6. provide comprehensive language support, 7. build the capacity of teachers to deal with diversity, and 8. break down barriers to social cohesion while ensuring effective service delivery.
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  • 76
    ISBN: 9789264601239
    Language: French
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Belgium: Country Health Profile 2019
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe België: Landenprofiel Gezondheid 2019
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Belgium
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  • 77
    ISBN: 9789264774407
    Language: Bulgarian
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Bulgaria: Country Health Profile 2019
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Bulgaria
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  • 78
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264972537
    Language: Estonian
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Estonia: Country Health Profile 2019
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Estonia
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  • 79
    ISBN: 9789264805903
    Language: English
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Improving healthcare quality in Europe
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Qualität ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Europa ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Quality improvement initiatives take many forms, from the creation of standards for health professionals, health technologies and health facilities, to audit and feedback, and from fostering a patient safety culture to public reporting and paying for quality. For policymakers who struggle to decide which initiatives to prioritise for investment, understanding the potential of different quality strategies in their unique settings is key. This volume, developed by the Observatory together with OECD, provides an overall conceptual framework for understanding and applying strategies aimed at improving quality of care. Crucially, it summarizes available evidence on different quality strategies and provides recommendations for their implementation. This book is intended to help policy-makers to understand concepts of quality and to support them to evaluate single strategies and combinations of strategies. Quality of care is a political priority and an important contributor to population health. This book acknowledges that "quality of care" is a broadly defined concept, and that it is often unclear how quality improvement strategies fit within a health system, and what their particular contribution can be. This volume elucidates the concepts behind multiple elements of quality in healthcare policy (including definitions of quality, its dimensions, related activities, and targets), quality measurement and governance and situates it all in the wider context of health systems research. By so doing, this book is designed to help policy-makers prioritize and align different quality initiatives and to achieve a comprehensive approach to quality improvement.
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  • 80
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264834996
    Language: Danish
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Denmark: Country Health Profile 2019
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Denmark
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  • 81
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    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264673786
    Language: Swedish
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Sweden: Country Health Profile 2019
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sweden
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  • 82
    ISBN: 9789264586543
    Language: Greek, Modern (1453- )
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Greece: Country Health Profile 2019
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Greece
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  • 83
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    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264515215
    Language: Lithuanian
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Lithuania: Country Health Profile 2019
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Lithuania
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  • 84
    ISBN: 9789264821651
    Language: German
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Austria: Country Health Profile 2019
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Austria
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  • 85
    ISBN: 9789264550438
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (129 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The report reviews trends in labour market policies in ASEAN Member States and their main trading partners between 2010 and 2015. Policy-makers have invested significant effort in addressing some of the decent work challenges in the region between 2010 and 2015. In areas such as social protection and active labour market policies, national-level approaches have been positively influenced by ASEAN Declarations on these subjects. Despite extensive progress in many areas, significant policy gaps still remain. Workers who are more vulnerable to exploitation, such as migrants, minorities or informal workers, were the focus of only a small proportion of these policies during the period under review. This report highlights the need for continued dedication by policymakers to the improvement of labour market institutions and programmes. This commitment to the advancement of the Decent Work Agenda in the region could also benefit from further ASEAN-level actions focusing on labour and social issues.
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9789264433281 , 9789264609563 , 9789264475137
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (105 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Ready to Help?: Improving Resilience of Integration Systems for Refugees and other Vulnerable Migrants
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Ce rapport porte sur les mesures à même d’améliorer la résilience des systèmes de gestion des afflux soudains et massifs de réfugiés et d’autres immigrés vulnérables. Il débute par une vue d’ensemble des flux récents d’immigrés en quête de protection, en étudie les conséquences économiques probables et décrit l’action multilatérale sans précédent qui en a résulté. Il examine ensuite le processus d’intégration des réfugiés et des autres immigrés vulnérables au regard de leurs résultats économiques et sociaux et de certains facteurs particuliers de vulnérabilité. Il propose également une évaluation globale des politiques de transition actuelles visant à aider les réfugiés à vivre dans les pays de destination et de transit, ainsi que dans les pays d’origine en cas de retour. Enfin, le rapport aborde des questions liées à l’anticipation, au suivi et à la réactivité, en examinant le rôle des mécanismes d’alerte précoce et les possibilités d’amélioration de l’information de manière à mieux suivre les résultats de l’intégration et à définir les politiques à mettre en œuvre.
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264456174
    Language: Slovenian
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Slovenia: Country Health Profile 2019
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Slovenia
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264828803 , 9789264916296 , 9789264813175
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (167 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Under Pressure: The Squeezed Middle Class
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Les ménages de la classe moyenne, qui ont le sentiment d’être laissés de côté, mettent en question les retombées de la mondialisation. Dans de nombreux pays de l’OCDE, en effet, les revenus intermédiaires ont moins progressé que le revenu moyen ; pire, dans quelques pays, ils n’ont pas augmenté du tout. Il est vrai que la technologie a automatisé un certain nombre de métiers moyennement qualifiés qui étaient occupés il y a quelques dizaines d’années encore par des travailleurs de la classe moyenne. Le coût de certains biens et services, comme le logement, qui sont essentiels au mode de vie de la classe moyenne, a en outre augmenté plus rapidement que les revenus d’activité et l’inflation globale. Dans ce contexte, les classes moyennes ont vu leur capacité d’épargne diminuer et, dans certains cas, elles se sont même endettées. Le présent rapport apporte un éclairage sur les multiples pressions subies par la classe moyenne. Il analyse les tendances chez les ménages à revenu intermédiaire dans diverses dimensions telles que l’emploi, la consommation, la santé et l’endettement, ainsi que les perceptions et les attitudes sociales. Il examine en outre diverses initiatives visant à répondre aux préoccupations soulevées par la classe moyenne, notamment la protection du niveau de vie et de la sécurité financière de la classe moyenne face aux défis économiques.
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264950023 , 9789264952171 , 9789264914117
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Changing the odds for vulnerable children
    Keywords: Jugendpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Child vulnerability is the outcome of a range of complex factors that compound over time. Across the OECD, millions of children from diverse backgrounds face daily hardships ranging from poor housing and inadequate diets to maltreatment and unsafe neighbourhoods. Vulnerability locks disadvantaged children into disadvantaged adulthood, putting the brakes on social mobility. Investing in vulnerable children is not only an investment in disadvantaged individuals, families and communities, it is an investment in more resilient societies and inclusive economies. This report analyses the individual and environmental factors that contribute to child vulnerability. It calls on OECD countries to develop and implement cross-cutting well-being strategies that focus on empowering vulnerable families; strengthening children’s emotional and social skills; strengthening child protection; improving children’s health and educational outcomes; and reducing child poverty and material deprivation. Such policies reduce the barriers to healthy child development and well-being and increase opportunities and resources, thereby helping vulnerable children build resilience.
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  • 90
    ISBN: 9789264724662
    Language: Czech
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Czech Republic: Country Health Profile 2019
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Czech Republic
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing ;
    ISBN: 9789264669321
    Language: Norwegian (Nynorsk)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Norway: Country Health Profile 2019
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Norway
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264182752 , 9789264736351 , 9789264773646
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe How's Life in the Province of Córdoba, Argentina?
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Argentina
    Abstract: Este informe evalúa el bienestar en los cuatro aglomerados urbanos más grandes de la provincia de Córdoba (Argentina) y proporciona recomendaciones de políticas para fortalecer las prácticas de desarrollo regional y, en última instancia, mejorar el bienestar de las personas. Utilizando alrededor de 30 indicadores, el informe analiza el desempeño de los aglomerados de Córdoba en 12 dimensiones de bienestar en comparación con 391 regiones de 36 países de la OCDE y 98 regiones de Brasil, Perú, Colombia y Costa Rica. El informe también documenta las desigualdades de bienestar entre los cuatro aglomerados de Córdoba y sugiere tres áreas prioritarias en las que la provincia debería enfocarse para abordar los desafíos de bienestar: i) asegurar que los indicadores de bienestar sirven para guiar la toma de decisiones en el futuro; ii) continuar fortaleciendo y modernizando el sistema estadístico provincial para expandir la base y uso de evidencia; y iii) fortalecer los mecanismos e instituciones de gobernanza para promover un desarrollo regional efectivo, eficiente e inclusivo.
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264313019
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe ジェンダー平等の加速: 主流化、実施、リーダーシップ
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Fast forward to gender equality
    Keywords: Gleichberechtigung ; Gleichstellungspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This report maps strategies, governance tools, institutional settings and innovative approaches used by governments across the OECD to drive and support society-wide gender equality goals. It covers all state institutions, including legislatures and judiciaries, and discusses the challenges faced by OECD countries in achieving long-lasting impact. Finally, the report provides policy guidance for state institutions, supported by examples of what works across the OECD. This report establishes a baseline for monitoring progress, based on the 2015 OECD Recommendation of the Council on Gender Equality in Public Life.
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  • 94
    ISBN: 9789264927872
    Language: Icelandic
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Iceland: Country Health Profile 2019
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Iceland
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  • 95
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (104 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Series on Adverse Outcome Pathways no.16
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Interference with endogenous developmental processes that are regulated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), through sustained exogenous activation, causes molecular, structural, and functional cardiac abnormalities in avian, mammalian and piscine embryos; this cardiotoxicity ultimately leads to severe oedema and embryo death in birds and fish and some strains of rat. There have been numerous proposed mechanisms of action for this toxicity profile, many of which include the dysregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This AOP describes the indirect suppression of VEGF expression through the sequestration of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) by AHR. ARNT is common dimerization partner for both AHR and hypoxia inducible factor alpha (HIF-1α), which stimulates angiogenesis through the transcriptional regulation of VEGF. The suppression of VEGF thereby reduces cardiomyocyte and endothelial cell proliferation, altering cardiovascular morphology and reducing cardiac output, which ultimately leads to congestive heart failure and death.
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  • 96
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (57 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Series on Adverse Outcome Pathways no.11
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This AOP begins with the interaction of chemicals to the picrotoxin binding site of the ionotropic GABA receptor complex causing blockage of the ion channel. As a result, decrease in inward chloride conductance occurs, followed by a reduction in postsynaptic inhibition, reflected as reduced frequency and amplitude of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic current or abolishment of GABA-induced firing action. Consequently, the resistance of excitatory neurons to fire is decreased, resulting in the generation of a large excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) that causes voltage-gated Na+ to open, which results in action potentials. The depolarisation is followed by a period of hyper-polarisation mediated by Ca2+-dependent K+ channels or GABA-activated Cl− influx, which becomes smaller, gradually disappears, and is replaced by a depolarisation known as “paroxysmal depolarizing shift” (PDS). A PDS is an indication of epilepsy at the cellular level and initiates the adverse outcome at the organismal level of epileptic seizure.
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  • 97
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (78 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Series on Adverse Outcome Pathways no.15
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Hepatic uroporphyria is a disorder where the disturbance of heme biosynthesis results in accumulation and excretion of uroporphyrin, heptacarboxyl- and hexacarboxyl porphyrin: collectively referred to as highly carboxylated porphyrins (HCPs). The disorder is due to a homozygous mutation in uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (UROD), an enzyme involved in the heme biosynthesis pathway, or may be chemically induced, which involves the inhibition of UROD. This AOP describes the linkages leading to chemically induced porphyria through the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a ligand-activated transcription factor. AHR activation leads to the induction of cytochrome P450 1A2, a phase I metabolising enzyme, which in turn results in excessive oxidation of uroporphyrinogen. This oxidation produces a UROD inhibitor, preventing the conversion of uroporphyrinogen to coprouroporphyrinogen and increasing the synthesis of the UROD inhibitor in a positive feedback loop. The accumulation of uroporphyrinogen leads to its preferential oxidation and accumulation of HCP in various organs (Uroporphyria).
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe The platform economy can deliver for its workers too
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
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  • 99
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 79 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD health working papers no. 109
    Keywords: Gesundheitsrisiko ; Kinder ; Junge Erwachsene ; Körpergewicht ; Alkoholkonsum ; Bildungsertrag ; Längsschnittanalyse ; Kohortenanalyse ; Deutschland ; Niederlande ; Neuseeland ; Russland ; Großbritannien ; USA ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Two of the most important health risk factors for children and young adults are obesity and alcohol use. These risk factors are known to affect health and wellbeing, but may also have an impact on educational outcomes. The objective of this study was to assess a potential causal relationship between obesity or alcohol use, and educational outcomes, in Germany, the Netherlands, New Zealand, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Longitudinal data from cohort studies was used to establish temporal precedence. To ensure the absence of alternative explanations, regression models were adjusted for known confounders; instrumental variables were used to address endogeneity caused by reverse causality and potential unobserved confounders; and fixed effects analyses were used to correct for unobserved time-invariant confounders. The results suggest that the presence of obesity during childhood, as well as alcohol consumption during childhood, can have a negative impact on educational performance and future educational attainment.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD social, employment and migration working papers no. 228
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Routine-biased technological change has emerged as a leading explanation for the differential wage growth of routine occupations, such as manufacturers or office clerks, relative to less routine occupations. Less clear, however, is how the effects of technological advancement on occupational wage trends vary across political-institutional context. This paper investigates the extent to which collective bargaining agreements and union coverage shape the relative wage growth of automatable occupations. Using data from the Luxembourg Income Study and the United States Current Population Survey, I measure the ‘routine task intensity’ of occupations across 15 OECD Member States and the 50 United States from the 1980s onward. Findings suggest that bargaining coverage is more consequential for the wage growth of high routine occupations relative to less routine occupations, and that high routine occupations lose coverage at a faster rate when bargaining coverage at the national level declines. As a result, declines in bargaining coverage within a country are associated with declining relative wage growth for automatable occupations. Estimates suggest that had union coverage in the United States not declined from 1984 levels, the earnings of high routine occupations might have grown at the same rate as low pay occupations between 1984 and 2015, rather than experiencing a relative wage decline. However, the findings also suggest that gains in the relative wage growth may increasingly come at the cost of reduced employment shares of automatable occupations.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
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