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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (95)
  • BSZ
  • MARKK
  • MFK München
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (95)
  • Turkey
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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (95)
  • BSZ
  • MARKK
  • MFK München
Material
Language
Years
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
Subjects(RVK)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Unleashing the full potential of the Turkish business sector (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (50 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1665
    Keywords: Economics ; Turkey
    Abstract: Productivity in Turkey has been growing stronger than in most peer countries since 2010 but has slowed down. Despite a remarkably entrepreneurial population, business dynamism has also been less vigorous in recent years. This working paper discusses the factors behind this slowdown and analyses a wide range of structural policies that would help to revive productivity growth and unleash the full potential of the Turkish business sector. The elevated number of informal, semi-formal and fully formal forms constitutes a key impediment to higher growth and more high-quality jobs. Structural reforms that allow more flexibility in labour markets, more competition in product markets and major progress with the quality of governance would foster productivity growth, job creation but also boost the digital transformation. Streamlining and simplifying the complex system of regulations and government support schemes would prevent firms from clustering around eligibility thresholds and thus remove obstacles to the upscaling of firms.
    DOI: 10.1787/3a64ce1c-en
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Building Agricultural Resilience to Natural Hazard-induced Disasters : Insights from Country Case Studies (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264911260 , 9789264348738 , 9789264752788
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (174 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Katastrophenschutz ; Katastrophe ; Landwirtschaft ; Coping-Strategie ; Chile ; Italien ; Japan ; Namibia ; Neuseeland ; Türkei ; USA ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Chile ; Italy ; Japan ; Namibia ; New Zealand ; Turkey ; United States
    Abstract: Natural hazard-induced disasters (NHID), such as floods, droughts, severe storms, and animal pests and diseases have significant, widespread and long-lasting impacts on agricultural sectors around the world. With climate change set to amplify many of these impacts, a “business-as-usual” approach to disaster risk management in agriculture cannot continue if we are to meet the challenges of agricultural productivity and sustainability growth, and sustainable development. Drawing from seven case studies – Chile, Italy, Japan, Namibia, New Zealand, Turkey and the United States – this joint OECD-FAO report argues for a new approach to building resilience to NHID in agriculture. It explores the policy measures, governance arrangements, on-farm strategies and other initiatives that countries are using to increase agricultural resilience to NHID, highlighting emerging good practices. It offers concrete recommendations on what more needs to be done to shift from coping with the impacts of disasters, to an ex ante approach that focuses on preventing and mitigating the impacts of disasters, helping the sector be better prepared to respond to disasters, and to adapt and transform in order to be better positioned for future disasters.
    DOI: 10.1787/49eefdd7-en
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Building the resilience of Turkey’s agricultural sector to droughts (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers no.167
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Turkey
    Abstract: Turkey is exposed to multiple natural hazard-induced disasters (NHID) and has considerable experience in managing the associated risks. Drought, in particular, has had significant impacts on the country’s agricultural sector, and the frequency of droughts is expected to increase due to climate change. Existing governance and policy frameworks seek to ensure that the agricultural sector is prepared for, and able to respond to, adverse events as they occur. While these mechanisms contribute to improved resilience, further opportunities exist to strengthen policy processes, in particular by increasing farmer and private sector participation.
    DOI: 10.1787/75430b86-en
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Rafforzare la Resilienza Dell’agricoltura Alle Calamità Legate a Rischi Naturali : Approfondimenti da studi di caso nazionali (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264647435 , 9789264987487 , 9789264614253
    Language: Italian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (190 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Building Agricultural Resilience to Natural Hazard-induced Disasters: Insights from Country Case Studies
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Chile ; Italy ; Japan ; Namibia ; New Zealand ; Turkey ; United States
    Abstract: Le calamità legate a rischi naturali (NHID), come inondazioni, siccità, violente tempeste, parassiti e malattie animali, hanno un impatto significativo, diffuso e di lunga durata sui settori agricoli di tutto il mondo. Poiché il cambiamento climatico è destinato ad amplificare molti di questi impatti, un approccio "business-as-usual" alla gestione del rischio di calamitá naturali in agricoltura non può continuare se si vogliono affrontare le sfide della produttività agricola, della crescita sostenibile, e dello sviluppo sostenibile. Attingendo da sette studi di caso - Cile, Italia, Giappone, Namibia, Nuova Zelanda, Turchia e Stati Uniti - questo rapporto congiunto OCSE-FAO propone un nuovo approccio per rafforzare la resilienza alle calamità legate a rischi naturali in agricoltura. Esplora le misure politiche, gli accordi di governance, le strategie aziendali e altre iniziative che i paesi stanno usando per rafforzare la resilienza agricola alle calamità legate a rischi naturali, evidenziando le buone pratiche emergenti. Offre raccomandazioni concrete su ciò che è necessario fare per passare da un approccio mirato ad assorbire gli impatti dei disastri, ad un approccio ex ante che si concentri sulla prevenzione e sulla mitigazione degli impatti dei disastri, aiutando il settore a essere meglio preparato a rispondere ad essi e ad adattarsi e trasformarsi per affrontare le calamità future.
    DOI: 10.1787/4997057c-it
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective – MAP Peer Review Report, Turkey (Stage 2) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264400108
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (93 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Türkei ; Taxation ; Turkey ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 2 peer monitoring of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by Turkey.
    DOI: 10.1787/6dd47527-en
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Education in Eastern Europe and Central Asia : Findings from PISA (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264936317 , 9789264838734 , 9789264662759
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (93 Seiten) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: PISA
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Education in Eastern Europe and Central Asia
    Keywords: Bildungswesen ; Bildungsniveau ; Allgemeinbildende Schule ; Osteuropa ; Zentralasien ; Education ; Azerbaijan ; Belarus ; Bulgaria ; Croatia ; Georgia ; Kazakhstan ; Moldova, Republic of ; Romania ; Turkey ; Ukraine ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: Countries in Eastern Europe and Central Asia have clear aspirations to strengthen civic participation and increase prosperity for all. A highly skilled and knowledgeable population is critical to achieving these goals, which makes creating and maintaining high quality and equitable education systems a vital part of regional development efforts. Results from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) show that learning outcomes in the region have generally improved, but that the improvement has not been equitable. While countries in the region are producing some of the top performing students in the world, many other students are being left behind. This report, jointly developed by OECD and UNICEF, analyses PISA data in detail to identify the strengths, challenges and unique features of education systems in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Drawing upon a rich knowledge base of education policy and practice in the region, it makes recommendations about how systems in the region can provide an excellent education for all students. This report will be of interest to regional policy-makers as well as individuals who wish to learn more about education in Eastern Europe and Central Asia.
    DOI: 10.1787/ebeeb179-en
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The impact of COVID-19 on SME financing : A special edition of the OECD Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs Scoreboard (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Papers no.22
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Australia ; Austria ; Azerbaijan ; Belarus ; Belgium ; Brazil ; Canada ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Georgia ; Greece ; Hungary ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Kazakhstan ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Lithuania ; Luxembourg ; Malaysia ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Peru ; Philippines ; Poland ; Portugal ; Serbia ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Spain ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Thailand ; Turkey ; Ukraine ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Abstract: The COVID-19 crisis has had a profound impact on SME access to finance. In particular, the sudden drop in revenues created acute liquidity shortages, threatening the survival of many viable businesses. The report documents an increase in demand for bank lending in the first half of 2020, and a steady supply of credit thanks to government interventions. On the other hand, other sources of finance declined, in particular early-stage equity. This paper, a special edition of Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs, focuses on the impacts of COVID-19 on SME access to finance, along with government policy responses. It reveals that the pre-crisis financing environment was broadly favourable for SMEs and entrepreneurs, who benefited from low interest rates, loose credit standards and an increasingly diverse offer of financing instruments. It documents the unprecedented scope and scale of the policy responses undertaken by governments world-wide, and details their key characteristics, and outlines the principal issues and policy challenges for the next phases of the pandemic, such as the over-indebtedness of SMEs and the need to continue to foster a diverse range of financing instruments for SMEs.
    DOI: 10.1787/ecd81a65-en
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Le financement des PME et des entrepreneurs. Tableau de bord de l’OCDE : Édition spéciale : les conséquences du COVID-19 (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (51 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe The impact of COVID-19 on SME financing: A special edition of the OECD Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs Scoreboard
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Australia ; Austria ; Azerbaijan ; Belarus ; Belgium ; Brazil ; Canada ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Georgia ; Greece ; Hungary ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Kazakhstan ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Lithuania ; Luxembourg ; Malaysia ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Peru ; Philippines ; Poland ; Portugal ; Serbia ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Spain ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Thailand ; Turkey ; Ukraine ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Abstract: Ce rapport est une édition spéciale du Tableau de bord de l’OCDE sur le financement des PME et des entrepreneurs, publication phare de l’OCDE. Il examine en détail les conséquences du COVID-19 sur l’accès des PME au financement, ainsi que les mesures prises en conséquence par les pouvoirs publics. Il apparaît qu’avant la crise, les conditions de financement étaient globalement favorables pour les PME et les entrepreneurs, qui bénéficiaient de faibles taux d’intérêt, de critères accommodants d’octroi des crédits et d’une offre de plus en plus diversifiée d’instruments de financement. Mais la crise du COVID‑19 a profondément bouleversé l’accès des PME au financement. Plus particulièrement, l’effondrement brutal du chiffre d’affaires des entreprises a provoqué de graves pénuries de liquidités qui ont mis en danger la survie de bon nombre d’entreprises viables. Ce rapport fait état d’une augmentation de la demande de prêts bancaires au cours du premier semestre de 2020, et d’une stabilité de l’offre de crédit grâce à l’action des pouvoirs publics. Parallèlement, on a observé un recul d’autres sources de financement, en particulier l’apport de fonds propres au stade du démarrage. Le rapport réunit des données sur le périmètre et l’ampleur des mesures prises par les gouvernements dans le monde, et en précise les principales caractéristiques. Il décrit les principaux enjeux stratégiques du financement des PME qui se poseront au cours des prochaines phases de la pandémie ; il s’agira en effet d’éviter le surendettement des PME, de promouvoir une gamme diversifiée d’instruments de financement, de stimuler la création d’entreprises et de renforcer la résilience des PME par des mesures structurelles.
    DOI: 10.1787/231dcdfb-fr
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Building a high-quality early childhood education and care workforce : further results from the starting strong survey 2018 (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264442566
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (248 Seiten) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: TALIS
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Building a high-quality early childhood education and care workforce
    Keywords: Education ; Chile ; Denmark ; Germany ; Iceland ; Israel ; Japan ; Korea, Republic of ; Norway ; Turkey
    Abstract: The work of early childhood education and care (ECEC) professionals is the major driver of the quality of an ECEC system. As evidence accumulates on the strong benefits of investing in early education, countries need effective policies to attract, maintain and retain a highly skilled workforce in the sector. This report looks at the makeup of the early childhood education and care workforce across countries, assessing how initial preparation programmes compare across different systems, what types of in-service training and informal learning activities help staff to upgrade their skills, and what staff say about their working conditions, as well as identifying policies that can reduce staff stress levels and increase well-being at work. The report also looks at which leadership and managerial practices in ECEC centres contribute to improving the skills, working conditions and working methods of staff. The OECD Starting Strong Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS Starting Strong) is the first international survey that focuses on the early childhood education and care workforce. It offers an opportunity to learn about the characteristics of ECEC staff and centre leaders, their practices at work, and their views on the profession and the sector. This second volume of findings, Building a High-Quality Early Childhood Education and Care Workforce, examines factors that influence the skills development of ECEC professionals, their working conditions and well-being at work, and leadership in ECEC centres.
    DOI: 10.1787/b90bba3d-en
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    When the going gets tough, the tough get going: How economic regulators bolster the resilience of network industries in response to the COVID-19 crisis (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (52 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Australia ; Brazil ; Canada ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Italy ; Lithuania ; Mexico ; New Zealand ; Peru ; Portugal ; Russian Federation ; Spain ; Turkey ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: This policy brief was developed by the Secretariat of the OECD Network of Economic Regulators (NER) and is based on examples of practice submitted by members of the NER. It reviews emergency measures taken by economic regulators during the COVID-19 pandemic to ensure continuity of services in network sectors, as well as to adjust regulatory practices and adapt governance arrangements. It identifies long-term questions and implications of the crisis with regard to market structure, infrastructure investment and the role of regulators.
    DOI: 10.1787/cd8915b1-en
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    L’importance des compétences : Résultats supplémentaires de l'évaluation des compétences des adultes (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264379923 , 9789264387171 , 9789264687448
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (142 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Études de l'OCDE sur les compétences
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Skills Matter: Additional Results from the Survey of Adult Skills
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Algeria ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Canada ; Chile ; Cyprus ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Ecuador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hungary ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Kazakhstan ; Korea, Republic of ; Lithuania ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Peru ; Poland ; Russian Federation ; Singapore ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Turkey ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Abstract: La révolution technologique qui a marqué les dernières décennies du XXe siècle a entraîné une forte augmentation de la demande de facultés de traitement de l’information et d’autres compétences cognitives et interpersonnelles sur le marché du travail. Sur la base des résultats des 33 pays et régions ayant participé aux deux premières vagues de l'Enquête sur les compétences des adultes en 2011-12 et 2014-15, ce rapport décrit les compétences dans trois domaines de traitement de l'information et examine comment les compétences sont liées au marché du travail et aux résultats sociaux. Il décrit notamment les résultats des six pays ayant participé à la troisième vague du premier cycle du PIAAC en 2017-18 (Équateur, États-Unis, Hongrie, Kazakhstan, Mexique et Pérou). L’Évaluation des compétences des adultes, un produit du Programme de l’OCDE pour l’évaluation internationale des compétences des adultes (PIAAC), a été conçue pour montrer dans quelle mesure les individus possèdent certaines de ces facultés et compétences clés et comment ils les utilisent dans le cadre professionnel et dans la vie privée. Cette enquête, la première du genre, évalue directement le niveau de compétence dans trois domaines du traitement de l’information : la littératie, la numératie et la résolution de problèmes.
    DOI: 10.1787/176f15d3-fr
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Education Policy Outlook in Turkey (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (34 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Education Policy Perspectives no.23
    Keywords: Bildungspolitik ; Bildungswesen ; Türkei ; Education ; Turkey
    Abstract: This country policy profile on education in Turkey is part of the Education Policy Outlook series. Building on the first policy profile for Turkey (2013), it offers a concise analysis of where the education system stands today in terms of strengths, challenges and ongoing policy efforts, and how this compares to other systems. The profile brings together over a decade’s worth of policy analysis by the Education Policy Outlook, as well as the latest OECD data, relevant thematic and country-specific work and other international and national evidence. It also offers analysis of the Turkish education system’s initial responses to the COVID-19 crisis and provides insight into approaches to building greater responsiveness and resilience for the future
    DOI: 10.1787/b7c69f4c-en
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Turkey 2019 (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264309760 , 9789264309777 , 9789264309753
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Çevresel Performans İncelemeleri: Türkiye 2019
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Examens environnementaux de l’OCDE : Turquie 2019 (Version abrégée)
    Keywords: Environment ; Turkey
    Abstract: Turkey is the fastest growing OECD economy with rapidly increasing greenhouse gas emissions. Since 2008, its economic growth has been relatively decoupled from air emissions, energy use, waste generation and water consumption. However, the high resource intensity of Turkey’s economy and its heavy reliance on fossil fuels will continue to increase these environmental pressures in absolute terms. More progress is needed in the transition to a low-carbon, circular economy to improve the country’s environmental performance. This is the third Environmental Performance Review of Turkey. It evaluates progress towards sustainable development and green growth, with special features on climate change and urban wastewater management.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264309753-en
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  • 14
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    SME Policy Index: Western Balkans and Turkey 2019 : Assessing the Implementation of the Small Business Act for Europe (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264172531 , 9789264312951 , 9789264182769
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (977 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: SME Policy Index
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Industry and Services ; Albania ; Bosnia and Herzegovina ; Kosovo ; Montenegro ; North Macedonia ; Serbia ; Turkey
    Abstract: Robust SME sectors are critical to the prosperity of the six Western Balkan economies and Turkey, accounting for over 70% of those employed in the business sector and generating 65% of value added in these seven economies. Yet their potential remains untapped, as SMEs across the region grapple with numerous challenges that hamper their growth and productivity. They are still under-represented in international trade, and their contributions to value-added remain comparatively low as they have difficulties in moving or expanding into high value-added activities. This report provides a comprehensive overview of the implementation of the ten principles of the Small Business Act for Europe (SBA) in the seven EU pre-accession economies over the period 2016-18. It monitors progress against similar assessments performed over the past decade and identifies the outstanding challenges affecting SMEs. It also provides targeted recommendations to remove barriers to SME development and unleashing their potential for driving inclusive economic growth.
    DOI: 10.1787/g2g9fa9a-en
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  • 15
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    The Survey of Adult Skills : Reader’s Companion, Third Edition (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264523531 , 9789264385139 , 9789264562165
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (132 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The survey of adult skills
    Keywords: Erwachsene ; Qualifikation ; Bildungsniveau ; Erwachsenenbildung ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Canada ; Chile ; Cyprus ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Ecuador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hungary ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Kazakhstan ; Korea, Republic of ; Lithuania ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Peru ; Poland ; Russian Federation ; Singapore ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Turkey ; United Kingdom ; United States ; OECD ; Erwachsener ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Qualifikation
    Abstract: This edition of the Reader’s Companion accompanies Skills Matter: Additional Results from the Survey of Adult Skills that reports the results from the 39 countries and regions that participated in the 3 rounds of data collection in the first cycle of PIAAC, with a particular focus on the 6 countries that participated in the third round of the study (Ecuador, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Peru and the United States). It describes the design and methodology of the survey and its relationship to other international assessments of young students and adults. The Survey of Adult Skills, a product of the OECD Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), was designed to provide insights into the availability of some key skills in society and how they are used at work and at home. The first survey of its kind, it directly measures proficiency in several information-processing skills – namely literacy, numeracy and problem solving in technology-rich environments.
    DOI: 10.1787/f70238c7-en
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  • 16
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    Skills Matter : Additional Results from the Survey of Adult Skills (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264332829 , 9789264799004 , 9789264811072
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (130 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Skills matter
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Arbeitskräfte ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Algeria ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Canada ; Chile ; Cyprus ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Ecuador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hungary ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Kazakhstan ; Korea, Republic of ; Lithuania ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Peru ; Poland ; Russian Federation ; Singapore ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Turkey ; United Kingdom ; United States ; OECD ; Arbeitnehmer ; Berufliche Qualifikation
    Abstract: In the wake of the technological revolution that began in the last decades of the 20th century, labour-market demand for information-processing and other high-level cognitive and interpersonal skills have been growing substantially. Based on the results from the 33 countries and regions that participated in the 1st and 2nd round of the Survey of Adult Skills in 2011-12 and in 2014-15, this report describes adults’ proficiency in three information-processing skills, and examines how proficiency is related to labour-market and social outcomes. It also places special emphasis on the results from the 3rd and final round of the first cycle of PIAAC in 2017-18, which included 6 countries (Ecuador, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Peru and the United States). The Survey of Adult Skills, a product of the OECD Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), was designed to provide insights into the availability of some of these key skills in society and how they are used at work and at home. The first survey of its kind, it directly measures proficiency in three information-processing skills: literacy, numeracy and problem-solving in technology-rich environments.
    DOI: 10.1787/1f029d8f-en
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  • 17
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    Examens environnementaux de l’OCDE : Turquie 2019 (Version abrégée) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264859814
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (51 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Çevresel Performans İncelemeleri: Türkiye 2019
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Turkey 2019
    Keywords: Environment ; Turkey
    Abstract: La Turquie est l’économie de l’OCDE qui affiche la plus forte croissance et voit ses émissions de gaz à effet de serre progresser rapidement. Depuis 2008, ses émissions atmosphériques, sa consommation d’énergie et d’eau et sa production de déchets ont été découplées en termes relatifs de la croissance économique. Ces pressions environnementales continueront néanmoins d’augmenter dans l’absolu en raison de la forte intensité d’utilisation de ressources de l’économie et de sa dépendance à l’égard des énergies fossiles. Pour améliorer ses performances environnementales, le pays devra réaliser des progrès plus importants dans la transition vers une économie circulaire et peu émettrice de carbone. Ceci est le troisième Examen environnemental de la Turquie. Il évalue les avancées du pays en matière de développement durable et de croissance verte, et comporte des chapitres spéciaux consacrés au changement climatique et à la gestion des eaux usées urbaines. Cette version abrégée contient le résumé, ainsi que l’évaluation et les recommandations officielles du rapport, issues des trois chapitres sur les tendances et développements récents, la gouvernance, la croissance verte, ainsi que des deux chapitres détaillés sur le changement climatique et la gestion des eaux usées urbaines. La version intégrale du rapport est disponible en anglais sur le site de l’OCDE.
    DOI: 10.1787/405578df-fr
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    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective - MAP Peer Review Report, Turkey (Stage 1) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264310087
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (84 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: Turkey (stage 1)
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Türkei ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; Turkey ; OECD ; Türkei ; G-20-Staaten ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Internationales Einkommensteuerrecht ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Konfliktregelung ; Steuervermeidung
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The minimum standard is complemented by a set of best practices. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 1 peer review of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by Turkey.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264310087-en
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  • 19
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    Reaping the benefits of global value chains in Turkey (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1366
    Keywords: 2000 - 2015 ; Export ; Außenwirtschaftspolitik ; Investitionspolitik ; Wertschöpfung ; Globalisierung ; Türkei ; Economics ; Trade ; Turkey ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Despite major progress, Turkey still lags behind most comparable countries in terms of exported value added per capita. Its remarkable economic performance over the past 15 years has not been sufficiently backed by gains in export market shares, in particular when measured in value added terms. While Turkey incorporates an increasing share of foreign value added in its own exports, its capacity to provide intermediate inputs to other countries’ exports is still limited. This paper argues that Turkey’s participation in global value chains remains below potential owing to institutional features that hamper efficient allocation of capital and labour, obstacles inherent in bilateral trade agreements and entry regulations, underdeveloped human capital and insufficient investment in innovation, R&D and knowledge-based capital. Progress along these dimensions would strengthen Turkey’s backward and forward trade linkages and contribute to rebalancing its growth model. The adjustment process towards a more export-oriented economy operating on a level playing field needs to be flanked by dedicated industrial, social and environmental policies to alleviate adverse consequences on displaced firms and workers and the ecosystem.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/d054af64-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 20
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    Rebalancing Turkey's growth by improving resource allocation and productivity in manufacturing (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1367
    Keywords: Industrie ; Produktivitätsentwicklung ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Strukturwandel ; Unternehmensbesteuerung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Türkei ; Economics ; Turkey ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Turkey’s manufacturing sector has expanded considerably but not efficiently and competitively enough. This paper documents the drivers of its recent growth and diversification, and the factors that have held it back. It documents its segmentation and the outsized tail of poorly performing firms, which undermines aggregate productivity growth. Low productivity eases job creation in the short term, but undermines it in the long run and holds back improvements in living standards because of competitiveness losses. A core of well-performing firms (“frontier firms”) is not growing at full potential because of shortcomings in the policy framework. Intermediary (“follower”) firms sustain competition and deliver jobs, but tend to fall behind in productivity. Lower productivity units (“laggards”), which employ a large share of the low-skilled majority of the working age population, survive mostly thanks to the incomplete enforcement of rules and regulations. The resulting stalemate requires a coherent strategy of “systemic upgrading” of the business environment. This would enable all firms to operate in compliance with the law and on a level-playing field, under supportive regulations, taxation and innovation incentives. All firms could then achieve stronger productivity gains and the most promising firms could grow faster. At the same time, a credible flexicurity system needs to be put in place that facilitates adjustment in the labour market while protecting those affected by structural change.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/c35af920-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 21
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    Employment and Skills Strategies in Turkey (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264296497 , 9789264279513 , 9789264279506
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (92 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews on Local Job Creation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Employment and skills strategies in Turkey
    Keywords: Erwerbstätigkeit ; Qualifikation ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Türkei ; Kocaeli ; Trabzon (Provinz) ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Turkey ; Türkei ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik
    Abstract: This report on Turkey takes a case study approach, analysing the management and implementation of policies in the provinces of Kocaeli and Trabzon. It provides a comparative framework to understand the role of the local labour market policy in matching people to jobs, engaging employers in skills development activities, as well as fostering new growth and economic development opportunities. It includes practical policy examples of actions taken in Turkey to help workers find better quality jobs, while also stimulating productivity and inclusion.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264279506-en
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  • 22
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    Advance warning indicators of past severe GDP per capita recessions in Turkey (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1334
    Keywords: Frühwarnsystem ; Frühindikator ; Konjunktur ; Vulnerabilitätsanalyse ; Türkei ; Economics ; Turkey ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The global financial crisis and its high economic and social costs have revived academic and policy interest in “early warning indicators” of crises. This paper aims to investigate the performance of vulnerability indicators as advance warning indicators of past severe GDP per capita recessions in Turkey. It draws on the recently established database of vulnerability indicators (Röhn et al., 2015) and employs the signalling approach as in Hermansen and Röhn (2015) complemented by visual inspections to detect vulnerability indicators that performed particularly well in the Turkish context. The evidence suggests that an index of the global stock market performs extremely well in the Turkish context. This index, which could be interpreted as a proxy for the risk appetite of global investors, exceeded its critical threshold before almost all past severe GDP per capita recessions in Turkey while sending only very few false alarms. Among domestic indicators, large positive deviations of household credit and the domestic stock market from trend also perform relatively well in signalling subsequent past severe GDP per capita recessions. The evidence is broadly robust to considering a more homogenous set of lower income OECD countries when defining the critical thresholds.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/5jlpq7swq4wf-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 23
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    Innovation, Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability in Turkey (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264261198
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (204 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Food and Agricultural Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation, agricultural productivity and sustainability in Turkey
    Keywords: Agroindustrie ; Agrarproduktion ; Produktivität ; Agrartechnik ; Innovation ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Türkei ; Agriculture and Food ; Turkey
    Abstract: Productivity growth in the Turkish agricultural sector is supported today by better technologies, crop varieties and animal breeds. Yet improvements have slowed since the late 2000s, and the productivity gap between agriculture and the rest of the economy remains large. To overcome these challenges, Turkey will need to reduce the substantial technological and human resource disparities between small-holder and commercial segments in agriculture, and ensure more equal regional development. Considerable structural adjustment is also required, both within agriculture and in the overall economy, supported by broad policy actions in the areas of labour, education, social security systems, and land reform. Important efforts have been made to boost national innovation systems, but there remains considerable catch up in terms of the quality and impact of R&D.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264261198-en
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  • 24
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    SME Policy Index: Western Balkans and Turkey 2016 : Assessing the Implementation of the Small Business Act for Europe (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264254473
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (364 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: SME Policy Index
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als SME policy index
    Keywords: KMU ; Mittelstandspolitik ; Albanien ; Bosnien-Herzegowina ; Kroatien ; Nordmazedonien ; Montenegro ; Serbien ; Kosovo ; Türkei ; Development ; Albania ; Bosnia and Herzegovina ; Montenegro ; North Macedonia ; Serbia ; Turkey
    Abstract: The SME Policy Index is a benchmarking tool designed for emerging economies to assess SME policy frameworks and monitor progress in policy implementation over time. The Index has been developed by the OECD in partnership with the European Commission (EC), the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), and the European Training Foundation (ETF) in 2006 for the Western Balkans. The South East European Centre for Entrepreneurial Learning (SEECEL) joined as an additional partner in 2014. The SME Policy Index has since 2006 been applied in four regions and nine assessment rounds overall. The SME Policy Index: Western Balkans and Turkey 2016 presents the results of the fourth assessment of the Small Business Act for Europe in the Western Balkans and, since 2012, Turkey. The assessment framework is structured around the ten principles of the Small Business Act for Europe (SBA). It provides a wide-range of pro-enterprise measures to guide the design and implementation of SME policies based on good practices promoted by the EU and the OECD. The Index identifies strengths and weaknesses in policy design, implementation and monitoring. It allows for comparison across countries and measures convergence towards good practices and relevant policy standards. It aims to support governments in setting targets for SME policy development and to identify strategic priorities to further improve the business environment. It also helps to engage governments in policy dialogue and exchange good practices within the region and with OECD and EU members.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264254473-en
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  • 25
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    Broadening the Ownership of State-Owned Enterprises : A Comparison of Governance Practices (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264244603
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (108 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Broadening the ownership of state-owned enterprises
    Keywords: Öffentliches Unternehmen ; Eigentümerstruktur ; Aktiengesellschaft ; China ; Indien ; Neuseeland ; Polen ; Türkei ; Governance ; China, People’s Republic ; India ; New Zealand ; Poland ; Turkey ; Öffentliches Unternehmen ; OECD ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: The State continues to remain an important shareholder in listed companies worldwide, especially among emerging economies, which rely increasingly on mixed-ownership models. With the benefit of hindsight and more recent examples, this book provides fresh perspectives on the motivation to list state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and the process it entails. Drawing from the experiences of five economies (People's Republic of China, India, New Zealand, Poland and Turkey), the book concludes that broadened ownership generally has a positive impact on the governance and performance of these companies. However, country practices show that the act of listing cannot guarantee that these companies are completely averse to State interests; and deviations from sound corporate governance practices, as enshrined in the OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of SOEs, can in some cases, raise concerns with regards to non-State shareholder rights, commercial orientation, board independence, conflicting State objectives, transparency, disclosure and more.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264244603-en
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  • 26
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    OECD360: Türkiye 2015 : Türkiye karşılaştırması (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264236448
    Language: Turkish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (48 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD360
    Keywords: Economics ; Turkey
    Abstract: OECD360, size temel OECD yayınlarından seçilen en yeni analizleri ve bilgileri sunan bir dergidir. Önemli güncel olaylar çok sayıda grafik ile açıklanmaktadır. Eğitim, istihdam, çevre ile uyumlu ekonomik kalkınma, bölgesel perspektifler, tarım, ekonomik kriz ve toplum ile toplumun gelişimi üzerindeki etkileri: İşte ülkenizin ve tüm uluslararası tablonun durumunu özetleyen 8 ana konu. Her makale, orijinal yayın organından alınan üç grafiğin içerdiği OECD bilgilerini özetleyen iki sayfalık grafikler içermektedir. Statlink’ler sayesinde her grafiğin kaynak verilerini indirebilirsiniz.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264236448-tr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 27
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    Drivers of Logistics Performance : A Case Study of Turkey (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (54 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: International Transport Forum Policy Papers no.9
    Keywords: Transport ; Turkey
    Abstract: Good logistics performance is an essential component of stimulating economic development. This report explores the drivers of, and barriers to, logistics performance through a case study of Turkey’s trade and transport sector. Firstly, it explains the importance of logistics performance. Next, it reviews the Logistics Performance Index (LPI) used to assess trade and transportation facilitation friendliness of countries. It then discusses Turkey’s performance against each dimension of the LPI, highlighting the country’s challenges and achievements. Lastly, the report uses this understanding to propose and catagorise a series of general policy actions available for improving logistics performance.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jlwvzd3pks2-en
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  • 28
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    Attracting European academics to Turkey under the Erasmus programme (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 107-125 | volume:24 | year:2014 | number:3 | pages:107-125
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 107-125
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:24
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:107-125
    Keywords: Education ; Turkey
    Abstract: This study explores the extent to which European lecturers experience barriers to participation in the Erasmus programme in relation to Turkey. The evidence indicates that, although the number of Turkish lecturers who participate in the programme has constantly been increasing, mobility from the European Union (EU) to Turkey is low. A question arises as to what measures should be taken to reduce obstacles to the academic mobility and to improve attractiveness to the Turkish higher education institutions (HEIs) to European academics. In order to understand how mobility might be increased, the study investigates key drivers and barriers that might hinder mobility and draws conclusions about ways to improve participation.
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-24-5jz8tqsdl96j
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  • 29
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    La législation nucléaire turque : les évolutions d'un nouvel entrant sur la scène nucléaire (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Bulletin de droit nucléaire Vol. 2013, no. 2, p. 29-63 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:2 | pages:29-63
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (35 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Turkish nuclear legislation: Developments for a nuclear newcomer
    Titel der Quelle: Bulletin de droit nucléaire
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 2, p. 29-63
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:29-63
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Turkey
    Abstract: D’après les estimations de l’OCDE, la croissance économique turque « devrait dépasser 3 % en 2013 puis, parallèlement au renforcement de la reprise mondiale, atteindre 4.5 % en 2014 ». La situation énergétique du pays, et notamment l’état du secteur de l’électricité qui fait appel à plusieurs sources d’énergie mais repose aussi en grande partie sur des importations, a conduit le gouvernement à opter pour le nucléaire.
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2013-5jxx5mvr56xt
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  • 30
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    Turkish nuclear legislation : Developments for a nuclear newcomer (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2013, no. 2, p. 29-54 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:2 | pages:29-54
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (26 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe La législation nucléaire turque : les évolutions d'un nouvel entrant sur la scène nucléaire
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 2, p. 29-54
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:29-54
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Turkey
    Abstract: Turkey’s current and future economic growth is estimated by OECD “to rise to above 3% in 2013 and, as the global recovery gathers strength, to pick up to 4.5% in 2014”. The energy situation, particularly, in the electricity sector with supply from different energy sources and a high rate of importation has led to recognition by the Turkish government of a need for nuclear energy.
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2013-5jz742tkm5q8
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  • 31
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    OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality: Turkey 2014 : Raising Standards (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264202054
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of health care quality
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Türkei ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Turkey ; Türkei ; Gesundheitswesen
    Abstract: Turkey underwent a very ambitious reform programme in 2003, the so-called "Health Transformation Programme". Access to healthcare in Turkey has greatly increased with the attainment of Universal Health Coverage, as also demonstrated by improvement in health outcomes, most notably around maternal and child health and infectious diseases. However, despite these significant achievements, Turkey has a significant way to travel to deliver high-quality health services to its population. Governance of the health system is highly centralised and typified by directive control from the Ministry of Health, and information collected in different part of the system is not always fully exploited. The OECD Review of Health Care Quality in Turkey recommends a number of changes to address these shortcomings. The key recommendations are that: i) Turkey needs to develop robust systems to standardise and monitor the quality of care, encourage continuous professional development and incorporate patient views; ii) some loosening of the governance structure would be welcome, to allow regions greater flexibility to assess and respond to local health needs and to continue to provide health workers with incentives for improve quality; iii) data on health sector activity and outcomes need to be made more available and more usable for individual patients and clinicians, while greater effort is needed to increase the robustness of Turkey’s information systems at national level and harmonise performance measures to OECD and other international comparators.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264202054-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 32
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    Turkey priorities report 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (11 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: SIGMA Country Assessment Reports no.2014/01
    Keywords: Governance ; Turkey
    Abstract: As a continuation of the 2014 SIGMA assessments and as part of a longer-term programme of work, SIGMA has identified country priorities for public administration reform (PAR) for Turkey. Priorities cover the overall PAR needs of the country, including areas which were not covered by the 2014 SIGMA assessments. Priorities in areas outside the scope of SIGMA assessments are based on other analytical sources and SIGMA’s practical experience of working with the country. SIGMA proposes priority 2020 targets for the countries, sub-targets when needed, and sequenced priority activities in 1-2, 3-5 and 5+ year time perspectives.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jm0xw06q77k-en
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  • 33
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    Turkey assessment report 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (22 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: SIGMA Country Assessment Reports no.2014/02
    Keywords: Governance ; Turkey
    Abstract: Each year SIGMA produces assessment reports as a contribution to the EC's annual reports on EU candidate countries and potential candidates, as well as to its programming of technical assistance. These reports assess progress made in public administration reform by our beneficiary countries. The report for Turkey analyses and takes stock of progress achieved by this country in 2014, with an aim to also provide inputs into its reform agenda. It focuses on public finance management and public procurement.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jm0xw0855r6-en
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  • 34
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    Identifying leading indicators of real activity and inflation for Turkey, 1988-2010 : A pseudo out-of-sample forecasting approach (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis Vol. 2014, no. 1, p. 1-37 | volume:2014 | year:2014 | number:1 | pages:1-37
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (37 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2014, no. 1, p. 1-37
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:1-37
    Keywords: Economics ; Turkey
    Abstract: This paper develops a set of leading indicators for industrial production growth and changes in consumer price inflation by accounting for changes in the policy regime that have occurred for the Turkish economy over the sample period 1988-2010. The choice of indicators is based on a pseudo out-of-sample forecasting exercise that is implemented by Leigh and Rossi (2002), and Stock and Watson (2003), amongst others. Our findings provide evidence on the factors determining changes in real activity and inflation over an extended sample period that encompasses episodes of volatile inflation and output growth as well as the recent experience of disinflation and normalisation for the Turkish economy. Keywords: Real activity, inflation, leading indicators, out-of-sample forecasting, combination forecasts, inflation targeting, Turkey. JEL classification: E1, E32, E37, E58, F43, O52
    DOI: 10.1787/jbcma-2013-5k4221j86n8v
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  • 35
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    Day-of-the-week effect in Consumer Confidence Index : The case of Turkey (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 33-42 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:33-42
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (10 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 33-42
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:33-42
    Keywords: Economics ; Turkey
    Abstract: The aim of this study is to examine the validity of the day-of-the-week effect on both mean and volatility for changes in Consumer Confidence Index in Turkey. To the best of our knowledge, there is no previous study on this topic for an emerging market. Employing the E-GARCH method, we are able to validate day-of-the-week effect both in mean and volatility of the daily changes in the Consumer Confidence Index. In our findings, the mean equation exhibits only a Friday effect and the lowest volatility is also observed for Friday. Additionally, we use nonparametric stochastic dominance (SD) approach by employing several SD tests and verify the existence of Friday effects.
    DOI: 10.1787/jbcma-2012-5k49j33nqdg5
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    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes Peer Reviews: Turkey 2013 : Combined: Phase 1 + Phase 2 (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264192041
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Türkei ; Taxation ; Turkey
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 100 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264192041-en
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  • 37
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    Turkey Priorities Report 2013 (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (10 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: SIGMA Country Assessment Reports no.2013/01
    Keywords: Governance ; Turkey
    Abstract: As a continuation of the 2013 SIGMA assessments and as part of a longer-term programme of work, SIGMA has identified country priorities for public administration reform (PAR) for Turkey. Priorities cover the overall PAR needs of the country, including areas which were not covered by the assessments. Priorities in areas outside the scope of SIGMA assessments are based on other analytical sources and SIGMA’s practical experience of working with the country. SIGMA proposes priority 2020 targets for the countries, sub-targets when needed, and sequenced priority activities in 1-2, 3-5 and 5+ year time perspectives.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz2rql7npg3-en
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  • 38
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    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes Peer Reviews: Turkey 2013 : Combined: Phase 1 + Phase 2, incorporating Phase 2 ratings (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264205963
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Keywords: Taxation ; Turkey
    Abstract: This report contains the revised Phase 1 and Phase 2 reviews for Turkey, now updated with ratings. The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by 120 jurisdictions, which participate in the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004. The standards have also been incorporated into the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. Fishing expeditions are not authorised but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 and Phase 2 – reviews. The Global Forum has also put in place a process for supplementary reports to follow-up on recommendations, as well as for the ongoing monitoring of jurisdictions following the conclusion of a review. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264205963-en
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  • 39
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    Government Debt Management and Operational Risk : A Risk Management Framework and its Application in Turkey (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (43 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: SIGMA Papers no.50
    Keywords: Governance ; Turkey
    Abstract: The management of operational risk is at the heart of efficient government, but countries often fail to apply good or even routine operational risk management practices and have difficulty in understanding how to put the processes in place. Through an analysis of Turkey’s Undersecretariat of Treasury, SIGMA Paper 50 presents an overview of key operational risks and recommendations on how to develop a framework for managing them, and provides lessons learnt that can be applied in debt management units and related treasury functions across a wide range of countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k483jnqxtms-en
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  • 40
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    Turkey Assessment Report 2013 (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (10 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: SIGMA Country Assessment Reports no.2013/02
    Keywords: Governance ; Turkey
    Abstract: Each year SIGMA produces assessment reports as a contribution to the EC’s annual reports on EU candidate countries and potential candidates, as well as to its programming of technical assistance. These reports assess progress made in public administration reform by our beneficiary countries. The report for Turkey analyses and takes stock of progress achieved by this country in 2013, with an aim to also provide inputs into its reform agenda. It focuses on external audit.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz2rql69rxs-en
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  • 41
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    National legislative and regulatory activities (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2011, no. 2, p. 75-97
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 23 p
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2011, no. 2, p. 75-97
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Bulgaria ; Czech Republic ; France ; Germany ; India ; Ireland ; Korea, Republic of ; Lithuania ; Poland ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Turkey ; United States
    Abstract: Bulgaria General legislation Czech Republic General legislation France General legislation Regulatory infrastructure and activity Germany General legislation India Liability and compensation Organisation and structure Ireland Radiation protection General legislation Korea (Republic of) Organisation and structure Lithuania Regulatory infrastructure and activity Radioactive waste management Radiation protection International co-operation Nuclear safety Poland General legislation Romania Environmental protection Russian Federation Radioactive waste management Slovenia Nuclear safety Spain Liability and compensation Nuclear security Sweden Nuclear safety Turkey Radiation protection Regulatory infrastructure and activity Nuclear safety Liability and compensation United States General legislation
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2011-5k9gw8km6k32
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  • 42
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    Textes de lois (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 97-114
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 18 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Texts
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 97-114
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; China, People’s Republic ; Lithuania ; Turkey
    Abstract: Lituanie Loi relative à la centrale nucléaire d’Ignalina (2007) République Populaire de Chine Réponse officielle du Conseil des Affaires d’État aux questions relatives à la responsabilité civile pour les dommages résultant d’accidents nucléaires (2007) Turquie Traduction non officielle de la Loi relative à l’exploitation de centrales nucléaires et à la vente de l’énergie produite par ces centrales (2007)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2007-5k9gvsqx669w
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  • 43
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    Texts (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 93-110
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 18 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Textes de lois
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 93-110
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; China, People’s Republic ; Lithuania ; Turkey
    Abstract: Lithuania Law on the Nuclear Power Plant (2007) People’s Republic of China Official Reply of the State Council to Questions on the Liabilities of Compensation for Damages Resulting from Nuclear Accidents (2007) Turkey Unofficial Translation of the Turkish Law No. 5710 Concerning the Construction and Operation of Nuclear Power Plants and the Sale of Energy Generated from Those Plants (2007)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2007-5k9gw7n4pn5d
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  • 44
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    National Legislative and Regulatory Activities (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 71-91
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Travaux Législatifs et Réglementaires Nationaux : (French version)
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 71-91
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Brazil ; China, People’s Republic ; France ; Italy ; Japan ; Lithuania ; Luxembourg ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Turkey ; United States
    Abstract: Brazil Resolution of the National Council on Energy Policy on the Resumption of Construction of a Thermonuclear Plant (2007) France Decree on Technical Enquiries in the Event of Incidents or Accidents Relating to Nuclear Activities (2007) Order on the Organisation of the General Directorate of Enterprises (GDE) within the Ministry of Industry (2007) Decree on the Listing of Basic Nuclear Installations (2007) Decree on Basic Nuclear Installations and Verifying the Nuclear Safety of Radioactive Materials Transport (2007) Italy Decree Implementing the Council Directive 2003/122/Euratom on the Control of High-activity Sealed Radioactive Sources and Orphan Sources (2007) Amendment to the Environmental Law Decree (2007) Japan Amendment to the Law on Final Disposal of High-level Radioactive Waste (2007) Lithuania Law on the Nuclear Power Plant (2007) Luxembourg Grand-ducal Regulations on the Protection of the Public Against the Risks Resulting from Ionising Radiation (2006) Law on Approving the Agreement Between Luxembourg and Belgium Relating to Information Exchange in the Event of an Incident or Accident (2006) People’s Republic of China Regulations on the Management and Monitoring of Nuclear Safety Equipment for Civilian Use (2007) Official Reply of the State Council to Questions on the Liabilities of Compensation for Damages Resulting from Nuclear Accidents (2007) Romania Government Decision on the Monitoring of the Health of Personnel (2007) Order on Physical Protection of Nuclear Materials During Transport (2007) Order on Preventive Protection of Nuclear Installations (2007)Order on the Verification of the Physical Protection System of Nuclear Installations (2007) Ordinance on the Safe Management of Radioactive Waste (2007) Government Decision Regarding Financial Resources Necessary for the Safe Management of Radioactive Waste (2007) Amendment of the Law on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage (2007) Russian Federation Reform of the Russian Nuclear Power Industry (2007) Slovak Republic Atomic Act Amendment on Alternative Financing of the Nuclear Regulatory Body (2007) Slovenia Decree on the Control of Radioactive Contamination in the Shipment of Scrap Metal (2007) Spain Amendment to the Nuclear Energy Act (2007) Sweden Decision on the Merger of Regulatory Authorities (2007) Turkey Law Concerning the Construction and Operation of Nuclear Power Plants and the Sale of Energy Generated from Those Plants (2007) United States Final Rule Amending Regulations Applicable to the Licensing of New Nuclear Power Plants (2007) Final Rule Implementing a National Source Tracking System (2006) Final Rule on Design Basis Threat (2007)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2007-5k9gw7n4rs9q
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  • 45
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    Travaux Législatifs et Réglementaires Nationaux : (French version) (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 75-96
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 22 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. National Legislative and Regulatory Activities
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 75-96
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Brazil ; China, People’s Republic ; France ; Italy ; Japan ; Lithuania ; Luxembourg ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Turkey ; United States
    Abstract: Brésil Résolution du Conseil national de politique énergétique sur la reprise de la construction d’une centrale thermonucléaire (2007) République Populaire de Chine Règlement relatif à la gestion et au contrôle des équipements de sûreté nucléaire à usage civil (2007) Réponse officielle du Conseil des Affaires d’État aux questions relatives à la responsabilité civile pour les dommages résultant d’accidents nucléaires (2007) Espagne Amendement à la loi sur l’énergie nucléaire (2007) États-Unis Règle finale modifiant la réglementation applicable à la délivrance d’autorisations pour les centrales nucléaires (2007) Règle finale mettant en oeuvre le système national de suivi des sources (2006) Règle finale relative à la menace de référence (2007) France Décret relatif aux enquêtes techniques sur les accidents ou incidents concernant une activité nucléaire (2007)Arrêté relatif à l’organisation de la Direction générale des entreprises (DGE) du Ministère chargé de l’industrie (2007)Décret relatif à la nomenclature des installations nucléaires de base (2007)Décret relatif aux installations nucléaires de base et au contrôle, en matière de sûreté nucléaire, du transport de substances radioactives (2007) Italie Décret d’application de la Directive 2003/122/Euratom du Conseil du 22 décembre 2003 relative au contrôle des sources radioactives scellées de haute activité et des sources orphelines (2007) Modification du décret sur le droit de l’environnement (2007) Japon Amendement à la loi relative au stockage définitif des déchets de haute activité (2007) Lituanie Loi relative à la centrale nucléaire d’Ignalina (2007) Luxembourg Règlement grand-ducal concernant la protection de la population contre les dangers résultant des rayonnements ionisants (2006)Loi portant approbation de l’Accord entre le Luxembourg et la Belgique relatif aux échanges d’informations en cas d’incident ou d’accident (2006) Roumanie Décision du gouvernement relative à la surveillance sanitaire des travailleurs (2007) Arrêté relatif à la protection physique des matières nucléaires durant leur transport (2007) Arrêté relatif aux mesures préventives destinées à protéger les installations nucléaires (2007)Arrêté relatif au contrôle des systèmes de protection physique des installations nucléaires (2007)Ordonnance relative à la sûreté de la gestion des déchets radioactifs (2007)Décision du gouvernement relative aux ressources financières nécessaires à la sûreté de la gestion des déchets radioactifs (2007) Amendement à la loi sur la responsabilité civile pour les dommages nucléaires (2007) Fédération de Russie Réforme de l’industrie électronucléaire russe (2007) République Slovaque Amendement à la loi atomique relatif au financement de l’autorité de sûreté nucléaire (2007) Slovénie Décret relatif au contrôle de la contamination radioactive du chargement de ferraille (2007) Suède Décision relative à la fusion des autorités de contrôle (2007) Turquie Loi relative à la construction et à l’exploitation de centrales nucléaires et à la vente de l’énergie produite par ces centrales (2007)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2007-5k9gvsqx8f5f
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  • 46
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    Travaux législatifs et réglementaires nationaux (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Bulletin de droit nucléaire Vol. 2011, no. 2, p. 83-106 | volume:2011 | year:2011 | number:2 | pages:83-106
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe National legislative and regulatory activities
    Titel der Quelle: Bulletin de droit nucléaire
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2011, no. 2, p. 83-106
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2011
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2011
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:83-106
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Bulgaria ; Czech Republic ; France ; Germany ; India ; Ireland ; Korea, Republic of ; Lithuania ; Poland ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Turkey ; United States
    Abstract: Allemagne Cadre juridique général Bulgarie Cadre juridique général Corée (République de) Organisation et structure Espagne Responsabilité et indemnisation Sécurité nucléaire États-Unis Cadre juridique général Fédération de Russie Gestion des déchets radioactifs France Cadre juridique général Infrastructure réglementaire Inde Responsabilité et indemnisation Organisation et structure Irlande Protection contre les rayonnements Cadre juridique général Lituanie Infrastructure réglementaire Gestion des déchets radioactifs Protection contre les rayonnements Coopération internationale Sûreté nucléaire Pologne Cadre juridique général République tchèque Cadre juridique général Roumanie Protection de l'environnement Slovénie Sûreté nucléaire Suède Sûreté nucléaire Turquie Infrastructure réglementaire Sûreté nucléaire Responsabilité et indemnisation
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2011-5k9bbk3vp3mn
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  • 47
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    Turkey Assessment Report 2012 (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (36 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: SIGMA Country Assessment Reports no.2012/01
    Keywords: Governance ; Turkey
    Abstract: Each year SIGMA produces assessment reports as a contribution to the EC’s annual reports on EU candidate countries and potential candidates, as well as to its programming of technical assistance. These reports assess progress made in public administration reform by our beneficiary countries. The report for Turkey analyses and takes stock of progress achieved by this country in 2012, with an aim to also provide inputs into its reform agenda. It focuses on civil service and administrative law, integrity, public expenditure management and control, and public procurement.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz2rqnhss7g-en
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  • 48
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    SME Policy Index: Western Balkans and Turkey 2012 : Progress in the Implementation of the Small Business Act for Europe (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264178861
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (292 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: SME Policy Index
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als SME policy index
    Keywords: KMU ; Mittelstandspolitik ; Türkei ; Südosteuropa ; Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; Turkey ; Südosteuropa ; Türkei ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb
    Abstract: Part I of this book provides a comparative overview across the region for SME policy development in 10 thematic areas. Part II provides a series of country profiles presenting analysis of the particular situation of the SME sector and the SME policy environment in every partner country. Part III provides a comparative overview across the region on the level of SME policy development in 10 thematic areas at the sub-national levels and provides country-specific analysis of the particular situation of the SME sector and the SME policy environment in every partner country at sub-national level. Annexes provide a list of abbreviations, an assessment grid and a list of SBA coordinators.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264178861-en
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  • 49
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    A Review of University Facilities in Turkey (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 7 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: CELE Exchange, Centre for Effective Learning Environments no.2011/06
    Keywords: Education ; Turkey
    Abstract: As a result of the massive growth of higher education in Turkey, the most pressing priority for this sector today is to meet the new space requirements for an increasing number of students. Now a subject of public attention more than ever before, the second largest item of expenditure for universities is the construction of physical spaces. This article sets out the key trends and presents the findings of a questionnaire conducted in 2005.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kg5c8cch88p-en
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  • 50
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    OECD Banking Statistics: Methodological Country Notes 2010 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264089907
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (198 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Statistiques bancaires de l'OCDE ; Notes méthodologiques par pays 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Statistiques bancaires de l'OCDE : Notes méthodologiques par pays 2010
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Austria ; Belgium ; Canada ; Chile ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hungary ; Ireland ; Italy ; Japan ; Korea, Republic of ; Luxembourg ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Poland ; Portugal ; Slovak Republic ; Spain ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Turkey ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Abstract: Trends in bank profitability and factors affecting it are major indicators of changes in the state of health of national banking systems. This publication complements Banking Statistics: Financial Statements of Banks 2010 which provides a unique tool for analysing developments in bank profitability in OECD countries. In addition to information on financial statements of banks in OECD countries, it includes data on the number of reporting banks, their branches and staff, structural information on the whole financial sector and ratios aiming at facilitating the analysis of bank profitability of OECD countries. The methodological country notes included in this volume were prepared to facilitate the comprehension and the interpretation of the statistics and to provide a brief description of the activities of banks in each country.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264089907-en
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  • 51
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    Inflation Expectations in Turkey : Evidence from Panel Data (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis Vol. 2011, no. 1, p. 5-28
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2899
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2011, no. 1, p. 5-28
    Keywords: Economics ; Turkey
    Abstract: We investigated the rationality of financial and real sectors’ CPI inflation expectations in Turkey using the multivariate panel cointegration method. The use of panel techniques strengthened our empirical results by not only increasing sample size but also allowing heterogeneity across groups of respondents. Having found the expectations irrational in the stricter sense, we proceeded to analyze the significance of both past and future inflation rates as determinants of agents’ future inflation forecasts. Both recursive and rolling estimates show that forecasters’ weight on future/target inflation rates versus past actual and expected inflation rates changes over time as unexpected shocks derail inflation from its disinflationary path. Lastly, we find asymmetry in expectations such that the response of inflation expectations to an increase in the inflation rate is twice the size of the response to a decrease in the inflation rate. This may indicate long delays in restoring credibility of central banks after a positive shock on the inflation rate. JEL Classifications: C23, D84, E31 Keywords: Inflation expectations, Inflation formation, Panel cointegration, Recursive regression
    DOI: 10.1787/jbcma-2011-5kgg5k53np7c
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  • 52
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    Fiscal Transformation in Turkey over the Last Two Decades (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 11, no. 1, p. 59-74
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 16 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 11, no. 1, p. 59-74
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Turkey
    Abstract: Turkey has made significant progress over the last two decades regarding fiscal consolidation and a strong reform of fiscal policy. The highly fragile country of the 1990s, whose primary fiscal concern was to sustain its public finances in the short term, has become a successful transition model. Now the authorities are discussing the adoption of fiscal rules as a new anchor in public finances. A draft Fiscal Rule Law was prepared and submitted to the parliament in 2010. This article examines the fiscal policy framework of Turkey in the 1990s and 2000s and its striking economic and social consequences. The article also examines the attempts to adopt fiscal rules for Turkey.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-11-5kggc0zr42g6
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    Statistiques bancaires de l'OCDE : Notes méthodologiques par pays 2010 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264089921
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (214 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Banking Statistics; Methodological Country Notes 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Banking Statistics: Methodological Country Notes 2010
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Austria ; Belgium ; Canada ; Chile ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hungary ; Ireland ; Italy ; Japan ; Korea, Republic of ; Luxembourg ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Poland ; Portugal ; Slovak Republic ; Spain ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Turkey ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Abstract: Les tendances de la rentabilité des banques et les facteurs agissant sur elle sont des indicateurs importants de l’état de santé des systèmes bancaires nationaux. Le présent ouvrage complète la publication Statistiques bancaires de l'OCDE: Comptes des banques 2010, fournissent aux spécialistes un instrument sans équivalent pour analyser l’évolution de la rentabilité des banques dans les pays membres de l'OCDE. Outre des informations sur les comptes des banques des pays membres de l'OCDE, elles comprennent des données sur le nombre de banques, leurs filiales et leur personnel, des informations structurelles sur l’ensemble du secteur financier et des ratios visant à faciliter l'analyse de la rentabilité des banques des pays de l'OCDE. Les notes méthodologiques par pays, incluses dans ce volume, ont été préparées afin de faciliter la compréhension et l'interprétation des statistiques ainsi que dans le but de fournir une description succincte des activités des banques dans chacun des pays.
    DOI: 10.1787/bank_country-200-fr
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  • 54
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    Leveraging Training Skills Development in SMEs: An Analysis of OSTIM Organised Industrial Zone, Turkey (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 91 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Working Papers no.2011/16
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers no.2011/16
    Keywords: Industry and Services ; Turkey
    Abstract: This policy review of vocational education and training in the Ostim Organised Industrial Zone, Turkey was prepared within the framework of the OECD LEED project, "Leveraging Training and Skills Development in SMEs". The findings and recommendations of the report brings new perspectives to SME-training related policies in Turkey.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kg0vsrz3vhk-en
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  • 55
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    Evaluation des réformes de la politique agricole en Turquie (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264113244
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Evaluation of Agricultural Policy Reforms in Turkey
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Turkey
    Abstract: La politique agricole en Turquie a considérablement évolué au fil du temps, et la nouvelle loi sur l’agriculture adoptée en 2006 vise à faire coïncider les mesures avec celles de l’Union européenne. Cette publication examine plusieurs questions et défis qui se posent pour les politiques agricoles de la Turquie.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264113244-fr
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  • 56
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    Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Turkey 2009 (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060425
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (170 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Energy Policies of IEA Countries
    Keywords: Energy ; Turkey
    Abstract: The International Energy Agency's periodic review of Turkey's energy policies and programmes. This 2009 edition finds that Turkey will likely see the fastest medium to long-term growth in energy demand among the IEA member countries. It has a young and urbanising population and energy use is still comparatively low. Therefore, ensuring sufficient energy supply to a growing economy remains the government’s main energy policy concern. Turkey has also progressed significantly in all other areas of energy policy over the past few years. Large investments in energy infrastructure, especially in electricity and natural gas, are needed to avoid bottlenecks in supply and to sustain rapid economic growth. To attract that investment, the country needs to continue reforming its energy market. Power sector reform is well under way, but in the natural gas sector reform has been slower and needs to be accelerated. Improving energy efficiency is essential for responding to Turkey’s energy policy challenges, and considerable potential remains in all sectors. In a country where private cars are rapidly becoming more common and where significant new construction is foreseen, transport and buildings merit particular long-term attention from the decision makers. Energy-related CO2 emissions have more than doubled since 1990 and are likely to continue to increase rapidly over the medium and long term, in parallel with energy demand. The IEA urges Turkey to intensify efforts to further develop its approach concerning its post-2012 regime to combat climate change, and to consider setting a quantitative overall target for limiting emissions. This review analyses the broad range of energy challenges facing Turkey and provides critiques and recommendations for further policy improvements.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060425-en
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  • 57
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    Performance Budgeting in Turkey (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 10, no. 3, p. 1-39
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 39 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 10, no. 3, p. 1-39
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Turkey
    Abstract: The effective and efficient use of public resources has vital importance for Turkey. To serve this purpose, public financial management was reformed and a performance budgeting system was launched in Turkey. This article assesses the current situation of the implementation of the performance budgeting system in Turkey from the perspective of public administrations under the general budget. It examines all stages of the performance budgeting process (strategic planning, performance programming, budgeting, accountability reporting and auditing) as well as all elements of the system (legislation, methodology, co.ordination, guidance, ownership, implementation, and factors affecting the process). It identifies the strengths of the system and the problems faced. JEL classification: H110, H610.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-10-5km4d794l142
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  • 58
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    The 2008-09 Crisis in Turkey : Performance, Policy Responses and Challenges for Sustaining the Recovery (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 30 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.819
    Keywords: Economics ; Turkey
    Abstract: Turkey is recovering from its most severe recession in several decades. The massive contraction in GDP is largely explained by the unprecedented collapse in foreign demand, which was aggravated in Turkey by negative confidence effects and structural problems with competitiveness prior to the crisis. In contrast to previous recessions, Turkey could afford counter–cyclical polices and the financial markets proved resilient. During the crisis, the authorities cut interest rates significantly and promptly and implemented fiscal stimulus. This truly novel experience was possible thanks to a better macroeconomic position, a sounder monetary and fiscal policy framework, and better financial market regulations. The immediate policy challenge is to gradually remove policy stimulus and address medium–term stability considerations in a way that does not jeopardise the recovery. This paper relates to the 2010 OECD Economic Review of Turkey (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/turkey).
    DOI: 10.1787/5km36j7d320s-en
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  • 59
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    Understanding sectoral growth cycles and the impact of monetary policy in Turkish manufacturing (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 43-69
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2899
    Language: English
    Pages: 27 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 43-69
    Keywords: Economics ; Turkey
    Abstract: We pursue a two-fold objective in this paper. First, we try to describe comprehensively the behaviour of sectoral growth cycles in Turkish manufacturing by using several statistical measures and to analyse the co-movement between them via correlation and peak-through analysis. One of the remarkable results of this study is the emergence of the "chemicals" and "paper and paper products"sectors as the leading sectors of total manufacturing. Another important result reveals that export-oriented sectors, which have a high correlation with total manufacturing and with each other, appear as the main drivers of total manufacturing. The second objective of this study is to investigate the response of output in Turkish manufacturing industries to monetary policy shocks within the vector autoregressive framework. The results show that all manufacturing sectors respond to a contractionary monetary policy shock with a reduction in absolute output but that the degree of output reduction is not the same in all sectors. The total manufacturing output declines very quickly after the shock, reaching its minimum value within three quarters.
    DOI: 10.1787/jbcma-v2009-art4-en
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  • 60
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    National Legislative and Regulatory Activities (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 99-115
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 17 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Travaux législatifs et réglementaires nationaux
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 99-115
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Belgium ; Brazil ; France ; Ireland ; Japan ; Korea, Republic of ; Moldova, Republic of ; Romania ; Serbia ; Slovenia ; Switzerland ; Turkey ; United States
    Abstract: One amendment changes the funding of the activities of the Federal Agency for Nuclear Control (FANC) whereby part of the fees is transformed into taxes. Besides taxes, fees and administrative fines, funding is possible by means of donations, legacies and extra fees.
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-v2009-art6-en
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  • 61
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    Travaux législatifs et réglementaires nationaux (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 109-127
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 19 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. National Legislative and Regulatory Activities
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 109-127
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Belgium ; Brazil ; France ; Ireland ; Japan ; Korea, Republic of ; Moldova, Republic of ; Romania ; Serbia ; Slovenia ; Switzerland ; Turkey ; United States
    Abstract: Le premier amendement modifie le financement des activités de l’Agence fédérale de contrôle nucléaire (AFCN) dans la mesure où une partie des frais de fonctionnement est transformée en ressource d’origine fiscale. En plus de ces ressources fiscales, des frais de fonctionnement et des amendes administratives, le financement peut s’opérer par le biais de donations, de legs et d’autres modes de financement.
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-v2009-art6-fr
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  • 62
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    OECD Reviews of Health Systems: Turkey 2008 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264051096
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (139 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Systems
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Turkey
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Gesundheitsreform ; Türkei ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Turkey ; Türkei ; Gesundheitswesen
    Abstract: This comprehensive review of Turkey's health care system shows that health status has improved rapidly in Turkey in recent decades, partly as a result of higher health spending. It describes the introduction of an ambitious Health Transformation Programme in 2003 which brought universal health insurance to Turkey in 2008 and has begun the process of public hospital reforms and the rolling out of family-practitioner services throughout the country. Challenges remain, however, including completing the Health Transformation Programme and ensuring that the new health system provides value for money and stays affordable. This report analyses these challenges and sets out policy suggestions aimed at addressing them.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264051096-en
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    Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : Turquie 2008 (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264049185
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; Turkey 2008
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; Turkey 2008; (Turkish version)
    Keywords: Environment ; Turkey
    Abstract: Le présent examen environnemental de l'OCDE montre que la Turquie est parvenue à consolider ses avancées dans le domaine de l'environnement et poursuit l'harmonisation de sa législation environnementale avec l'acquis environnemental de l'UE. Il demeure toutefois nécessaire de réduire encore les intensités de pollution, d'énergie et de ressources, et de prendre en charge les problèmes sanitaires persistants liés à l'environnement. Cet examen environnemental de la Turquie analyse de façon systématique la gestion de l'air, de l'air, de la nature et de la biodiversité, l'interface environnement/économie, l'interface environnement/social, la coopération Internationale et formule 45 recommandations spécifiques.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264049185-fr
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    The Challenges of Monetary Policy in Turkey (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 38 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.646
    Keywords: Economics ; Turkey
    Abstract: Monetary policy has been one of the main pillars of the post-2001 stabilisation programme. Encouraged by its success, the central bank shifted from implicit to explicit inflation targeting in 2006 and set a medium-term inflation target of 4%, applicable from end 2007. However this objective faced with two important challenges. On the one hand, inflation inertia settled in and non-tradable inflation stagnated at more than 10%, further fuelled by persistent surge in global commodity and energy prices. On the other hand, real interest rates remained high, continuing to fuel strong capital inflows and currency appreciation, and undermining the competitiveness of labour-intensive segments of the economy. Turkey is, therefore, faced with the classic dilemma of successful catching-up economies: Inflation inertia requires a tight policy while competitiveness losses appear to go beyond the absorption and adaptation capacity of large segments of the economy. This chapter argues that resolving this issue requires monetary policy to be supported by broader policies, including proactive competition policy to reduce costs and prices in services, enforcement of a credible multi-yearly spending framework to consolidate confidence in fiscal stability, and employers' and employees' commitment to anchor prices and wages more on the inflation target. Success with such policies would help shift the burden away from the central bank's interest rate as the only available instrument to increase the credibility of the inflation target.
    DOI: 10.1787/235327828370
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  • 65
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    Export Credit Financing Systems in OECD Member Countries and Non-Member Economies: Turkey (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264071971
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (15 p)
    Series Statement: Export Credit Financing Systems in OECD Member Countries and Non-Member Economies no.8
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les systèmes de financement des crédits à l'exportation dans les pays membres et les économies non membres de l'OCDE ; Turquie
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les systèmes de financement des crédits à l'exportation dans les pays membres et les économies non membres de l'OCDE : Turquie
    Keywords: Trade ; Turkey
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264071971-en
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    OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Turkey 2008 (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264049161
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE ; Turquie 2008
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; Turkey 2008; (Turkish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : Turquie 2008
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Turkey 2008: (Turkish version)
    Keywords: Environment ; Turkey
    Abstract: This edition of OECD's periodic review of Turkey's environmental policy finds that Turkey has achieved consolidation of environmental progress and its environmental legislation is increasingly incorporating the EU environmental aquis. But pollution, energy, and resource intensities still need to be reduced and environmentally related health problems need to be addressed. This review systematically looks at air, water, nature and biodiversity, the environmental-economic interface, the environmental-social interface, and international co-operation, making 45 specific recommendations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264049161-en
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    OECD Territorial Reviews: Istanbul, Turkey 2008 (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264043831
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Istanbul, Turkey
    Keywords: Wirtschaftsförderung ; Megastadt ; Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Istanbul ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Turkey ; Istanbul
    Abstract: Istanbul has established itself as the industrial, financial and logistics centre of the country, producing almost one-third of the national output and absorbing the bulk of foreign direct investment. And, on the international scale, Istanbul ranks among the fastest growing OECD metro-regions. This review finds, however, that Istanbul faces challenges that could hamper its ambition to become a Eurasian hub for finance, logistics, culture and tourism, as well as its development in general. Its economy is changing from one driven by labour-intensive activities to one based on knowledge industries, while traditional and labour-intensive sectors (e.g. textiles and its supply chain) are shifting only gradually and slowly to other complementary industry segments. Constraints on human capital development and the informal sector have hindered productivity levels and increased income disparities. Over-migration is putting a burden on Istanbul’s transport, public infrastructure and housing, and earthquake risk management. The scale and variety of these challenges necessitates improving local public management and implementing a national strategy to reduce regional disparities and to limit migration flows towards the megalopolis.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264043831-en
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    Les systèmes de financement des crédits à l'exportation dans les pays membres et les économies non membres de l'OCDE : Turquie (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264071988
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (16 p)
    Series Statement: Les systèmes de financement des crédits à l'exportation dans les pays membres et les économies non membres de l'OCDE no.8
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Export Credit Financing Systems in OECD Member Countries and Non-Member Economies; Turkey
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Export Credit Financing Systems in OECD Member Countries and Non-Member Economies: Turkey
    Keywords: Trade ; Turkey
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264071988-fr
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    Reviews of National Policies for Education: Basic Education in Turkey 2007 (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264030206
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Reviews of National Policies for Education
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Basic education in Turkey
    RVK:
    DO 1009
    RVK:
    QX 860
    Keywords: Bildungspolitik ; Türkei ; Education ; Turkey ; Türkei ; Bildungssystem ; Grundschule ; Sekundarstufe
    Abstract: This review of education policies in Turkey takes place at a critical point in the nation’s history. An improving economy, greater governmental continuity and a more stable social environment, coupled with the extraordinary challenge of Turkey’s candidacy for EU accession, provide an unprecedented opportunity for a new phase of education reform. Over the past decade, Turkey has pursued a striking education reform agenda focused on implementing eight-year basic and compulsory education and increasing the participation of girls at the primary education level. The nation must now complement the drive for increasing enrolments and participation with efforts to improve quality. To reach the levels of education attainment and performance of the most advanced countries in Europe and OECD, Turkey must undertake sustained, multi-year, systemic reforms of its education system.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264030206-en
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    Budgeting in Turkey (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 7, no. 2, p. 7-58
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 54 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 2, p. 7-58
    Keywords: Governance ; Turkey
    Abstract: The Turkish budget process has three features which set it apart from other OECD countries: a centralised yet fragmented decision-making process; the IMF stand-by agreement as a de facto fiscal rule; and a very detailed line-item classification. This article analyses these features and makes suggestions for policy adjustment to improve effectiveness and efficiency. The article examines all stages of the budget process (preparation, parliamentary approval, execution, and accounting and auditing) and assesses Turkey’s recent rapid progress with reform. The article offers suggestions for next steps and new priorities for Turkey in the light of other OECD country experience.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v7-art8-en
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    Comparing Administrative Burdens across Countries (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264037502
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (177 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Cutting Red Tape
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reducir el papeleo. Comparación internacional de las cargas administrativas
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Comparing administrative burdens across countries
    DDC: 342.066
    RVK:
    MF 7800
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Bürokratie ; Befolgungskosten ; Straßengüterverkehr ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Belgium ; Canada ; Denmark ; France ; Germany ; Italy ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Sweden ; Turkey ; Verkehrsbetrieb ; Bürokratie ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Cutting red tape to improve business conditions has become a priority in OECD countries. This pilot study measures and compares administrative burdens in the transport sector across eleven member countries: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden and Turkey. The aim of the exercise is twofold: to identify good practices and provide input for national simplification strategies, and to develop and test a method for cross-country comparison. This report is published in English only. However, a French translation of the executive summary has been included in this volume.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264037502-en
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    OECD e-Government Studies: Turkey 2007 (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264028456
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD e-Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD e-Government Studies; Turkey (Turkish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD e-Government Studies: Turkey (Turkish version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Turkey
    RVK:
    DV 2815
    RVK:
    QG 500
    RVK:
    QX 840
    Keywords: E-Government ; Türkei ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Turkey
    Abstract: Turkey’s e-government efforts received new emphasis in the last three years. The election of a new government brought forward an agenda including public sector modernisation using e-government. Turkey has since made considerable progress with e-government. This review identifies several strategic opportunities. One opportunity is to stimulate the provision of e-services and e-commerce by increasing access to high-speed Internet throughout the country. A second opportunity is to skip the initial stages of e-government applications -- characterised by isolated islands of development -- and instead promote a more “joined up” government. A third opportunity is to use the existing base of 46 million mobile telephones as a communication channel between the government and its citizens. The review also identifies several major challenges. One challenge is bridging the digital divide between urban and rural populations, men and women, and young and old. A second challenge is public sector modernisation in terms of increased transparency and accountability. A third challenge is making sure that investments in e-government are valuable, i.e. that benefits are larger than costs.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264028456-en
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    Enhancing Turkey's Growth Prospects by Improving Formal Sector Business Conditions (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 62 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.542
    Keywords: Economics ; Turkey
    Abstract: Turkey's business sector has achieved high growth over the past few years and - on average - has coped well with increased competition. However, some labour-intensive sectors lost competitiveness prior to the currency depreciation in mid-2006 and faced employment losses, raising political pressure for interventionist policies. This paper argues that the government should resist such pressure and instead follow a broad-based strategy to improve framework conditions for firms, irrespective of their size, sector and legal status. Overcoming the duality between the formal and informal sectors should be the central point of this strategy. In particular, the cost of labour should be reduced and regulatory hurdles in labour and product markets should be minimised, to help formal firms to remain competitive and increase employment. This would also make it easier for the many small and medium-sized firms to move into the formal sector, thereby raising productivity through economies of scale. This would increase the growth potential of the whole economy, broaden the tax base and level the playing field for doing business in Turkey, not only for the wide variety of domestic firms but also for foreign investors.
    DOI: 10.1787/316551532607
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  • 74
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    Competition Law and Policy in Turkey (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 8, no. 2, p. 177-251
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 77 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Droit et politique de la concurrence en Turquie
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 8, no. 2, p. 177-251
    Keywords: Governance ; Turkey
    Abstract: This report served as the basis of a peer review of the Turkish Competition Authority (TCA) held in the 2005 OECD Global Forum on Competition. It concluded that the TCA has achieved significant progress since its establishment in 1997. While noting the particular strengths of the TCA, the report makes a wide range of recommendations to address the full array of still persisting competition law and policy issues in Turkey. These recommendations are expected to improve the effectiveness of the implementation of competition law and policy in Turkey.
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v8-art4-en
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  • 75
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    Droit et politique de la concurrence en Turquie (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence Vol. 8, no. 2, p. 195-282
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3452
    Language: French
    Pages: 89 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Competition Law and Policy in Turkey
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 8, no. 2, p. 195-282
    Keywords: Governance ; Turkey
    Abstract: Ce rapport a servi de support pour un examen par les pairs à l’occasion du Forum mondial de l’OCDE sur la concurrence de 2005. Il conclut que l’Autorité de la Concurrence Turque a réalisé des progrès notables depuis sa mise en place en 1997. Il souligne les atouts dont elle dispose et salue les efforts qu’elle déploie pour mettre en oeuvre les recommandations de 2002 de l’OCDE, notamment les initiatives de sensibilisation à la concurrence conduites au sein de l’administration turque. En même temps, le rapport 2005 propose une large gamme de recommandations destinées à résoudre les multiples difficultés qui subsistent en Turquie dans le domaine du droit et de la politique de la concurrence. Ces recommandations devraient contribuer à améliorer l’efficacité de l’application du droit et de la politique de la concurrence en Turquie.
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v8-art7-fr
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  • 76
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    Corporate Governance in Turkey : A Pilot Study (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264028647
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Holmes, Janet Corporate governance in Turkey
    Keywords: Corporate Governance ; Türkei ; Corporate governance Turkey ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Turkey ; Türkei ; Corporate Governance
    Abstract: Turkish domestic equity markets and inward foreign investment are poised to grow rapdily but only if corporate governance standards are high enough to protect minority shareholders. This report evaluates the extent to which the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance have been implemented in Turkey, looking at both the legal and regulatory framework as well as company practices. It finds that significant reforms to the corporate governance framework have already been introduced, and supports additional legislative reforms that are already in progress. Looking ahead, the report argues that it is time to move into the next important phase in policy reform, and makes a series of recommendations for further strengthening Turkeys corporate governance structures.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264028647-en
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  • 77
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    The Turkish Pension System : Further Reforms to Help Solve the Informality Problem (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 31 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.44
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Turkey
    Abstract: Recent social security reform has significantly improved the long-run sustainability of the pension system. However, the pension system continues to serve as an important barrier to a more rapid expansion of the formal-sector economy in two ways. First, early-retirement incentives (including severance payments) continue to push many incumbent formal sector workers into the informal sector, often at ages as young as 40-45. While new labour force entrants face a much higher retirement age, policies for incumbents are fiscally expensive, inequitable, and serve to swell the ranks of the informal sector. Second, even when the transition to the new pension rules is complete, net replacement rates will remain very high by OECD standards, requiring high social security contribution rates that make it too expensive for firms to employ low-skilled labour in the formal sector. Thus, further pension reform is one of the keys to overcoming Turkey’s economic duality. Finally, since the pension system does not cover the informal sector, it does little to alleviate poverty among the wider population of older people. This paper discusses a number of reforms that would increase the retirement age, reduce inter-generational inequities, and permit a significant cut in the tax wedge on labour, while better addressing old-age poverty concerns at all levels of income.
    DOI: 10.1787/348880554402
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  • 78
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    Législations nucléaires des pays de l'OCDE : Turquie (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264066670
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Législations nucléaires des pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Legislation in OECD Countries; Turkey
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Legislation in OECD Countries: Turkey
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Turkey
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264066670-fr
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  • 79
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    Nuclear Legislation in OECD Countries: Turkey (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264066663
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Nuclear Legislation in OECD Countries
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Législations nucléaires des pays de l'OCDE ; Turquie
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Législations nucléaires des pays de l'OCDE : Turquie
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Turkey
    Abstract: This publication provides comprehensive information on the regulatory and institutional frameworks governing nuclear activities in Turkey. It examines the general regulatory regime, including mining, radioactive substances and equipment, nuclear installations, trade in nuclear materials, radiation protection, radioactive waste management, non-proliferation and physical protection, transport, and nuclear third party liability; and has another section covering the institutional framework including regulatory and supervisory authorities, advisory bodies, and public and semi-public agencies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264066663-en
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  • 80
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    The Turkish Pension System : Further Reforms to Help Solve the Informality Problem (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 29 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.529
    Keywords: Economics ; Turkey
    Abstract: Recent social security reform has significantly improved the long-run sustainability of the pension system. However, the pension system continues to serve as an important barrier to a more rapid expansion of the formalsector economy in two ways. First, early-retirement incentives (including severance payments) continue to push many incumbent formal sector workers into the informal sector, often at ages as young as 40-45. While new labour force entrants face a much higher retirement age, policies for incumbents are fiscally expensive, inequitable, and serve to swell the ranks of the informal sector. Second, even when the transition to the new pension rules is complete, net replacement rates will remain very high by OECD standards, requiring high social security contribution rates that make it too expensive for firms to employ low-skilled labour in the formal sector. Thus, further pension reform is one of the keys to overcoming Turkey's economic duality. Finally, since the pension system does not cover the informal sector, it does little to alleviate poverty among the wider population of older people. This paper discusses a number of reforms that would increase the retirement age, reduce inter-generational inequities, and permit a significant cut in the tax wedge on labour, while better addressing old-age poverty concerns at all levels of income. This Working Paper relates to the 2006 Economic Survey of Turkey (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/turkey).
    DOI: 10.1787/363386547648
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  • 81
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    Policies to Improve Turkey's Resilience to Financial Market Shocks (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 46 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.528
    Keywords: Economics ; Turkey
    Abstract: Since the crisis of 2001, an impressive package of fiscal consolidation and institutional reform has created a strong foundation for economic growth. As a result, GDP growth has been strong and stable, inflation has fallen, and the public debt burden has been significantly reduced. Yet the current account deficit is large, exchange rate movements have been volatile, and the recent increase in inflation and rising levels of private sector external debt draw attention to Turkey?s vulnerabilities and to the need for additional policies to contain risks. This paper summarises the vulnerabilities of the Turkish economy and the steps that can be taken to improve macroeconomic resilience to shocks. This Working Paper relates to the 2006 Economic Survey of Turkey (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/turkey).
    DOI: 10.1787/365034647173
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  • 82
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    Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Turkey 2005 (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264109285
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Series Statement: Energy Policies of IEA Countries
    Keywords: Energy ; Turkey
    Abstract: The International Energy Agency's review of Turkey's energy policies and programmes. Following a summary of the conclusions and recommendations, the report surveys the general energy scene and energy policy in Turkey, looks at energy and the environment, reviews efforts to enhance energy efficiency, and then examines developments related to oil, natural gas, coal, renewable energy, and electricity. The book closes with a look at Turkey's R&D efforts related to energy. The book finds that Turkey has undertaken significant reforms to open energy markets, but needs to undertake further actions to see the process to a successful conclusion. Turkey has been very active in international co-operation and has become an important energy corridor between east and west. It has transposed many EU laws and regulations into its own national legislation and is in the process of synchronising its electricity network with the European grid. It has also ratified the Framework Convention on Climate Change and is developing a climate change strategy. But it needs to focus more on energy supply and conservation, do more to evaluate the cost effectiveness of its policies, and better co-ordinate policies across various government bodies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264109285-en
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  • 83
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    Reforming Turkey's Public Expenditure Management (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 61 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.418
    Keywords: Economics ; Turkey
    Abstract: Fiscal imbalances were a main cause for chronic high inflation and macroeconomic instability before the 2000/2001 crisis. Fiscal consolidation is the cornerstone of post-crisis stabilization. It has been quite successful over the past three years as sizeable primary surpluses have been sustained and the fall in interest rates has reduced the interest cost of public debt. Fiscal targets have been achieved chiefly by raising revenues which has increased the tax burden; greater emphasis should now be placed on the control of public expenditure. At the same time, core public services such as education, justice, infrastructure and rural development will need to be upgraded. Social security costs may also rise with the planned shift to universal health insurance, and the ambitious administrative decentralization project could cause upward pressure on local spending. Far-reaching rationalization of public expenditures is therefore required to meet the quantitative fiscal targets while ...
    DOI: 10.1787/312004242223
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  • 84
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    Equipements éducatifs et gestion des risques : Les catastrophes naturelles (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264020054
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Educational Facilities and Risk Management; Natural Disasters
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Educational Facilities and Risk Management: Natural Disasters
    Keywords: Education ; France ; Greece ; Iceland ; India ; Indonesia ; Japan ; Mexico ; Nepal ; Turkey
    Abstract: Les tremblements de terre et autres désastres naturels sont imprévisibles et souvent mortels. Ils entraînent des coûts élevés, tant dans les pays développés que dans les pays en développement, sur le plan humain comme au niveau des infrastructures. Le danger couru par les établissements d'enseignement est particulièrement préoccupant étant donné la concentration de jeunes occupants qu'ils abritent et le rôle élargi qu'ils jouent au niveau de la communauté. Ils sont en particulier communément utilisés comme lieux de refuge après un tremblement de terre ou un autre désastre.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264020054-fr
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  • 85
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    SHA-Based Health Accounts in 13 OECD Countries - Country Studies - Turkey : National Health Accounts 2000 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 42 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.13
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Turkey
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the thirteenth in this series, presenting the Turkish SHA-based health accounts.
    DOI: 10.1787/512137774003
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  • 86
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    Educational Facilities and Risk Management : Natural Disasters (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264028340
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Équipements éducatifs et gestion des risques ; Les catastrophes naturelles
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Équipements éducatifs et gestion des risques : Les catastrophes naturelles
    Keywords: Education ; France ; Greece ; Iceland ; India ; Indonesia ; Japan ; Mexico ; Nepal ; Turkey
    Abstract: Earthquakes and other natural disasters are unpredictable, and often deadly. In developed and developing countries alike, the cost in human life and infrastructure is very high. The danger to schools is of particular concern, given the concentration of young people attending them, and schools' broader role in communities -- not the least of which is their common use as places of refuge after an earthquake or other disaster.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264028340-en
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  • 87
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    Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation : Turquie 2002 : Une aide capitale pour la reprise économique (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264276017
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform; Turkey 2002; Crucial Support for Economic Recovery
    Keywords: Governance ; Turkey
    Abstract: Parmi les pays de l'OCDE, la Turquie est venue relativement tardivement à la réforme de la réglementation. Elle en a pourtant bien besoin. Depuis trente ans, l'économie turque souffre d'instabilité macroéconomique et d'inflation chronique, avec ce que cela implique à la fois au niveau des investissements et de la croissance. Les structures de gouvernance et de réglementation, restées peu efficaces, ont aussi contribué à la crise économique de 2001. Et pourtant, cet examen constate les efforts extrêmement encourageants actuellement entrepris pour réformer les secteurs économiques clés, l'administration publique et les cadres réglementaires. Ils semblent marquer une nette rupture avec le passé. Des éléments importants, tels qu'une politique de la concurrence claire, sont déjà en place. La lutte contre la corruption, entre autres, figure parmi les priorités, et des amendements à la constitution redéfinissent la relation entre les citoyens et l'État. La « dépolitisation » du secteur public et son renouvellement sur la base du mérite sont en cours. La réussite future dépendra de façon capitale de la poursuite de la mise en oeuvre du programme. En particulier, une volonté politique soutenue est indispensable bien au-delà du redressement consécutif à la récente crise. La Turquie est l'un des nombreux pays de l'OCDE à avoir demandé à cette Organisation d'examiner ses pratiques, institutions et réformes réglementaires nationales. Cet ouvrage présente une analyse et une évaluation générales, à l'échelle macroéconomique, des résultats et des enjeux de la réforme de la réglementation dans des domaines comme la qualité du secteur public, la politique de la concurrence et l'ouverture des marchés. Il met tout particulièrement l'accent sur les progrès de la réglementation dans les secteurs de l'électricité, du gaz, du transport routier de marchandises et des télécommunications. Dans la même série : La réforme de la réglementation au Canada La réforme de la réglementation en Corée La réforme de la réglementation au Danemark La réforme de la réglementation en Espagne La réforme de la réglementation aux États-Unis La réforme de la réglementation en Grèce La réforme de la réglementation en Hongrie La réforme de la réglementation en Irlande La réforme de la réglementation en Italie La réforme de la réglementation au Japon La réforme de la réglementation au Mexique La réforme de la réglementation aux Pays-Bas La réforme de la réglementation en Pologne La réforme de la réglementation en République tchèque La réforme de la réglementation au Royaume-Uni Le Rapport de l'OCDE sur la réforme de la réglementation Synthèse, et le document d'appui en deux volumes : Rapport de l'OCDE sur la réforme de la réglementation : Étude sectorielle - Étude thématique ont été publiés en 1997.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264276017-fr
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    Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Turkey 2001 (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264195790
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Series Statement: Energy Policies of IEA Countries
    Keywords: Energy ; Turkey
    Abstract: The International Energy Agency's 2002 review of Turkey's energy policies and programmes. This edition finds that Turkey aspires to link the oil- and gas-rich Caspian area to Western markets. Several pipelines through Turkey are nearing completion. The projects could enhance diversity and security of supply in consuming countries. They could also relieve the environmental strain of heavy ship traffic through the Bosporus. Numerous attempts have been made to open Turkey’s energy markets to competition and to ensure that energy supply grows in step with population and demand. Turkey has made early and extensive use of build-own-operate and build-own-transfer schemes to promote investment in power-plant capacity. In the last two years, decisive progress has been made. The concept of privatisation was introduced into the Turkish constitution. Legislation was adopted in February 2001 to allow competition in the electricity market and to adapt Turkey’s legislation for European Union membership. A new Gas Market Law was adopted in May 2001, despite the macro-economic turmoil that Turkey has experienced since late 2000. These reforms must now be implemented. Turkey’s carbon emissions are growing rapidly. They will grow even faster if coal use quadrupled by 2020, as the government expects. Air pollution is also a significant problem. Turkey has not signed the United Nations’ Climate Convention. But the government aims to comply with the general provisions of the Convention and to exploit the country’s energy efficiency potential. These efforts should be reinforced.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264195790-en
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  • 89
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    OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform: Turkey 2002 : Crucial Support for Economic Recovery (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264176010
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation ; Turquie 2002 ; Une aide capitale pour la reprise économique
    Keywords: Governance ; Turkey ; Türkei ; Regulierung ; Reform ; Türkei ; Wettbewerbspolitik ; Türkei ; Strukturreform ; Türkei ; Energie ; Transport ; Telekommunikation
    Abstract: Among the OECD countries, Turkey figures as a comparative latecomer to regulatory reform. Yet, there is a crucial need for it. Over the last three decades, the Turkish economy has suffered from macro-economic instability and chronic inflation, with implications for both investment and growth. Governance and regulatory structures remained weak and contributed also to the 2001 economic crisis. Nonetheless, this review notes the highly encouraging efforts currently being undertaken to reform key economic sectors, the public administration and the regulatory framework. These developments appear to mark a fundamental break with the past. Important elements, such as a clear competition policy, are already in place. Fighting corruption, among other measures, is high on the policy agenda, and constitutional amendments are reshaping the relationship between citizens and the state. The "depoliticisation" of the public sector and its renewal on a merit basis is underway. Future success will depend crucially on the continuing implementation of the programme. In particular, sustained political commitment is required well beyond the recovery from the recent crisis.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264176010-en
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  • 90
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    Programme d'enseignement de base de la Turquie (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 4 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Échanges, Programme pour la construction et l'équipement de l'éducation no.2000/03
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Turkey's Basic Education Programme
    Keywords: Education ; Turkey
    Abstract: En août 1997, le gouvernement de la Turquie, grâce au vote par le Parlement de la Loi n°4306 relative à l’enseignement de base, s’est doté de moyens considérablement accrus pour porter à huit ans la scolarité obligatoire. Cette loi prévoit l’investissement d’importantes ressources dans les installations scolaires, grâce à la mise en réserve de recettes fiscales, la mise au point d’un calendrier pour le programme d’enseignement de base et la rationalisation des procédures afin de permettre une action et une mise en œuvre rapides.
    DOI: 10.1787/853586734582
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  • 91
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    Economic Effects of the 1999 Turkish Earthquakes : An Interim Report (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 47 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.247
    Keywords: Economics ; Turkey
    Abstract: This Working Paper presents a cross-Directorate Report on the economic, budgetary, regulatory and urbanpolicy implications of the earthquakes which struck the Marmara and Bolu areas of Turkey on 17 August and 12 November 1999. The earthquakes caused high casualties and significant material damage to property, with severe effects on economic activity. The Report traces the factors underlying Turkey’s vulnerability to earthquake damage, along a known active fault line, to deficiencies in risk identification procedures and risk-reduction methods, as well as to the absence of risk transfer and financing techniques. It suggests that these deficiencies may stem from the nature of recent Turkish economic development, which has been driven by the need to assimilate a mass migration from the countryside to the cities and has been associated with extremely high and variable inflation. Ensuring a more orderly future development requires both an overhaul of governance structures in ...
    DOI: 10.1787/233456804045
    URL: Volltext
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  • 92
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    Turkey's Basic Education Programme (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 4 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Exchange, Programme on Educational Building no.2000/03
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Programme d'enseignement de base de la Turquie
    Keywords: Education ; Turkey
    Abstract: In August 1997, the Government of Turkey greatly increased its efforts to implement eight-year obligatory education, through parliamentary approval of Law No. 4306 for Basic Education. The law mobilises significant resources for a major investment in school facilities through earmarked taxes, establishes a timetable for the Basic Education Programme and streamlines procedures to allow for swift action and implementation.
    DOI: 10.1787/862402283047
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  • 93
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    Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : Turquie 1999 (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264273801
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (210 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; Turkey 1999
    Keywords: Environment ; Turkey
    Abstract: Ce rapport consacré à la Turquie évalue les progrès accomplis ou à faire dans la réduction de la charge polluante, la gestion des ressources naturelles, l'intégration des politiques économique et environnementale et le renforcement de la coopération internationale. Les analyses s'appuient sur un large ensemble de données économiques et environnementales.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264273801-fr
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  • 94
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    OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Turkey 1999 (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264173804
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE ; Turquie 1999
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : Turquie 1999
    Keywords: Environment ; Turkey
    Abstract: This review of Turkey's environmental conditions and policies evaluates progress in reducing the pollution burden, improving natural resource management, integrating environmental and economic policies, and strengthening international co-operation. The analyses presented are supported by a broad range of economic and environmental data.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264173804-en
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  • 95
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    Capital Flows and the External Financing of Turkey's Imports (Special Series on Mixed Credits, in Collaboration with ICEPS) (1991)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 93 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.36
    Keywords: Development ; Turkey
    Abstract: Subsidized capital flows have made a major contribution to the recovery of the Turkish economy from the acute balance of payments crisis of the late 1970s. The inflow of foreign capital on a substantial scale has facilitated rapid growth in imports of essential raw materials and investment goods which, in turn, has been instrumental in sustaining a comparatively high rate of economic growth. A balanced account, however, needs to take into consideration the negative side effects associated with subsidized credits. Subsidized capital inflows have resulted in overborrowing and consequently in overexpansion of the public sector, particularly during the post-1984 phase. A structural disequilibrium has developed, in the sense that the majority of medium- and long-term capital inflows has been directed to the public sector, and within the public sector, primarily to infrastructure projects. The private sector has been able to borrow mainly on a short-term basis, to satisfy working ...
    DOI: 10.1787/428522687883
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