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  • Frobenius-Institut  (384)
  • HU-Berlin Edoc  (45)
  • Political Science  (429)
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  • 1
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (110 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Kumulative Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2023
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; lokale Demokratie ; Rechtsextremismus ; Urban Governance ; Kommunalpolitik ; Partizipation ; local democracy ; far right ; urban governance ; urban politics ; participation ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Die vorliegende kumulative Arbeit untersucht, inwiefern lokale Aushandlungsprozesse im Umgang mit extrem rechten Mobilisierungen zu deren Normalisierung beitragen. Die Studie adressiert zwei Forschungsdesiderate: Erstens externalisieren viele Beiträge die extrem Rechte von städtischen Demokratien. Folglich ist die Literatur nicht in der Lage zu erfassen, wie extrem rechte Agenden und Ideologien innerhalb lokaler partizipativer Prozesse in liberalen Demokratien normalisiert werden. Zweitens sind die Akteure und Prozesse, welchen diesen lokalen Aushandlungen zugrunde liegen, nicht ausreichend untersucht. Um diese Lücken zu schließen, verbindet die Studie Theoriestränge aus der Urban Governance - Literatur mit sozialwissenschaftlichen Debatten über den Aufstieg der extrem Rechten. Der methodische Rahmen der Arbeit besteht aus einem qualitativen Forschungsdesign in Form einer explorativen Einzelfallstudie in der Stadt Cottbus. Die Analyse zeigt, dass das Narrativ der Externalisierung in dreierlei Hinsicht eine falsche Dichotomie zwischen der extremen Rechten und lokalen Aushandlungsprozessen schafft: Erstens ignoriert es, dass deliberative Prozessen zwar das Versprechen auf Demokratisierung innewohnt, dieses aber durch bestehende gesellschaftliche Machtverhältnisse durchkreuzt wird, die Näherböden für autoritäre Mobilisierung bieten können. Zweitens übersieht es die Verflechtung zwischen Rassismus und den städtischen Institutionen, die auf extrem rechte Mobilisierung reagieren, und oftmals Anknüpfungspunkte für extrem rechte Ideologien bieten. Drittens wird argumentiert, dass dies auf den lokalen Staat als umkämpftes Terrain hinweist.
    Abstract: This doctoral dissertation explores to what extent local negotiations of far-right contestations contribute to the latter’s normalisation. The project is prompted by the crux that even though the central role of cities and local participatory planning processes in countering far-right contestations is widely acknowledged, far-right contestations have hardly been challenged. It seeks to address two scholarly blind spots: First, mainstream accounts engaging with the question of how municipalities deal with far-right contestations have largely externalised the far right from urban democracy. Consequently, the current literature is not able to grasp how far-right agendas and ideologies can indeed be normalised within local participatory processes. Second, the actors and processes involved in the local negotiation of far-right contestations remain understudied. To fill these gaps, the cumulative dissertation connects discussions on urban governance with recent debates on the rise of the far right. The methodological framework of this thesis consists of a qualitative, explorative single-case study in the city of Cottbus, Germany. The analysis reveals that the liberal narratives of externalisation create a false dichotomy between far-right contestations and local negotiations in liberal democracies in a threefold way. First, they ignore how far-right contestations can be strengthened within traditional deliberative processes, as their promise of equal participation for all citizens is juxtaposed with the inability of such processes to re-negotiate the power relations aggravating the social inequalities giving rise to the far right in the first place. Second, by externalising the divisiveness propagated by far-right contestations, they overlook the interconnectedness between racism and the institutions governing cities, which offers points of contact for far-right ideology. Third, it is argued that this points to the local state as contested terrain.
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  • 2
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (235 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2021
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; feministische Bewegungen ; Feminismus in Russland ; soziale Bewegungen ; Intersektionalität ; postkoloniale postsozialistische Studien ; Russland ; feminism in Russia ; feminist movements ; social movements ; intersectionality ; postcolonial postsocialist studies ; Russia ; Soziologie und Anthropologie ; Soziale Interaktion ; Soziale Prozesse
    Abstract: „Russland“ und „Feminismus“ scheinen eine fragliche Kombination zu sein. Russland ist eher für neopatriarchale Politik bekannt, die für Feminismus kaum Platz lässt. Doch in den letzten 15 Jahren ist in Russland eine feministische Basisbewegung entstanden. Was tut sie? Wie kann sie sich in einem ungünstigen Kontext durchsetzen? Wie massenhaft und inklusiv ist diese Bewegung und wie geht sie mit inneren Konflikten um? Kerndaten dieser Studie sind qualitative Interviews mit Feminist*innen aus vier Städten in Russland, ergänzt durch mehrjährige Beobachtung der feministischen Szenen. Aufgrund dieser Daten behaupte ich, dass die zeitgenössische feministische Bewegung in Russland eine dezentrale Basisbewegung ist, welche Macht auf mehreren Ebenen der sozialen Organisation herausfordert. Neben dem öffentlichen Protest übt sie diskursive Politik aus und wirkt durch die Einführung neuer Definitionen und Denkweisen direkt auf die Gesellschaft. Intersektional betrachtet wird die Bewegungsbeteiligung durch Mehrfachmarginalisierung aufgrund des Ressourcenmangels und Disempowerment beeinträchtigt. Kollektive Lösungen können Ressourcenumverteilung und Berücksichtigung von Differenz darstellen. Debatten um Differenz und Inklusion sind ein zentraler Bereich, in welchem die feministische Bewegung soziale Innovation herstellt. Schließlich verortet diese Studie die zeitgenössische feministische Bewegung in Russland in einem globalen postkolonialen Kontext. Ich behaupte, dass ein lineares Fortschrittsnarrativ, welches Feminismus als Kennzeichen der westlichen Moderne konstruiert, die Beziehung zwischen russländischen und westlichen Feminismen sowie die Machtdynamiken zwischen Feminist*innen in Metropolen, (post-)kolonialen und nichtkolonialen Peripherien Russlands prägt. An scheinbar für eine feministische Praxis ungeeigneten Orten widerstehen Feminist*innen kolonialen und imperialen Narrativen und betreiben eine auf lokalen Erfahrungen basierende feministische Politik.
    Abstract: The words “Russia” and “feminism” seem to be an unlikely combination. Russia is better known for neopatriarchal policies leaving little room for feminism. Yet a grassroots feminist movement has been growing in Russia since the last 15 years. What kind of movement is this? What does it do? How does it sustain itself and grow in a largely unfavorable context? How mass and inclusive is this movement and how does it deal with internal conflicts? The core data in this research are qualitative interviews with feminists in four cities across Russia complemented by direct and online observation of feminist scenes. Drawing upon this data, I argue that the contemporary feminist movement in Russia is a decentralized grassroots movement that challenges power on various levels of social organization. Besides public protest, it notably uses discursive politics that act directly upon society by introducing new definitions and ways of thinking. Feminist communities serve as platforms where these innovations are developed and tried out. From an intersectional perspective, I argue that due to lack of resources and disempowerment, multiple marginalization negatively affects participation in the movement. A collective way to address this can be resource redistribution and consideration of difference. Debates over difference and inclusion are, I argue, a crucial area in which the feminist movement produces social innovation. Finally, this research places the contemporary feminist movement in Russia in a global postcolonial context. I argue that a linear progress narrative that constructs feminism as a hallmark of Western modernity impacts both the relationship between Russian and Western feminisms and power dynamics between feminists in Russian metropolitan centers, (post)colonial and non-colonial peripheries. In places deemed unsuited for feminist practice, I argue, feminists resist colonial and imperial narratives and do feminist politics rooted in local experience.
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  • 3
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (153 Seiten) : , Diagramme.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Schechtl, Manuel No taxation without stratification?
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2022
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift
    Note: verteidigt am: 05.07.2022. - Der Text enthält eine Zusammenfassung in deutscher und englischer Sprache.. - Veröffentlichung der elektronischen Ressource auf dem edoc-Server der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin: 2022
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  • 4
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (123 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Kumulative Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2022
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Migration ; Grenzkontrolle ; Grenzbefestigung ; Migrationspolitik ; Migration ; Border control ; Border fortification ; Migration policy ; Soziologie und Anthropologie
    Abstract: Die Dissertation untersucht die Kontrolle von Mobilität an fortifizierten Grenzen. Auch in Zeiten der Globalisierung steigt die Zahl von Grenzzäunen weltweit rapide an. Während Grenzbefestigungen in der Vergangenheit oft mit militärischen Konflikten in Verbindung standen, dienen sie heute in erster Linie der Kontrolle von Mobilität. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Entwicklungen analysiert die Arbeit vier Fallstudien: die ungarisch-serbische, die US-amerikanisch-mexikanische, die pakistanisch-indische und die algerisch-marokkanische Grenze. Ausgehend von der Frage, wie an befestigten Grenzen Mobilität kontrolliert wird, werden die Funktionsweisen von Grenzen herausgearbeitet. Die Arbeit besteht aus drei Artikeln. Der erste untersucht anhand der ungarisch-serbischen Grenze die Wirkung der Fortifizierung auf Migrationskontrolle und Innenpolitik und betont darüber hinaus die Bedeutung der internationalen Verflechtungen dieser Grenze. Der zweite Beitrag vergleicht zwei Zäune, den US-amerikanischen und den ungarischen. Er untersucht Migrationskontrolle mit einem Fokus auf Asyl und zeigt, dass die Grenzzäune hier eine materielle, eine symbolische und eine Filterfunktion erfüllen. Sie dienen dazu, MigrantInnen am Überschreiten der Grenze zu hindern und damit den Zugang zu Asyl zu beschränken. Der dritte Artikel vergleicht alle vier Fälle. Der Artikel kommt zu dem Schluss, dass befestigte Grenzen Ungleichheiten sowohl auf globaler als auch auf lokaler Ebene verstärken und dabei sowohl MigrantInnen als auch die Grenzbevölkerung marginalisieren. Zusammenfassend untersucht die Dissertation Grenz- und Migrationskontrolle und analysiert dabei die Gründe für die Grenzbefestigungen ebenso wie deren Kontext und Auswirkungen. Befestigte Grenzen verstärken durch Kontrolle und Filtern von Mobilität verschiedene Formen von Ungleichheit und Marginalisierung. Da Grenzen weltweit immer stärker fortifiziert werden, sind diese Themen von größter Aktualität.
    Abstract: This dissertation investigates mobility control at fortified borders. Border fortifications are on the rise today and will most probably shape the future of nation states and global mobility. Whereas in the past border fences were often associated with military conflict, the new walls are mostly designed to control and filter mobility. In light of these developments, the thesis analyzes four case studies, namely the Hungarian-Serbian, the U.S. American-Mexican, the Pakistani-Indian and the Algerian-Moroccan borders. Starting with the question of how fortified borders control mobility, it provides an extensive analysis of the control function of borders. The thesis is comprised of three papers. The first examines the Hungarian-Serbian border, highlighting the topics of migration control and domestic politics as well as the international entanglements of this border. The second paper compares two fences, namely the U.S. American and the Hungarian. It examines migration control with a focus on the issue of asylum and shows that fortifications fulfil a material, a symbolical and a filtering function in order to prevent refugees from crossing the border, thereby restricting access to asylum. The third article compares all four cases. It concludes that fortified borders increase inequalities on both the global and the local level, triggering severe social and human effects on both migrants and border populations. In sum, the dissertation explores the topics of border control, selectivity, power relations and inequality by analyzing four fortified borders. It sheds light on different aspects of border control, including the reasons for fortifications as well as their context and impact. It argues that by controlling and filtering mobility, fortified borders sustain and reinforce different forms of inequality and marginalization. As the world’s borders are becoming more and more fortified, these topics are highly relevant and require further research.
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  • 5
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (371 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2022
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Sozio-territoriale Konflikte ; Modernität ; Transmodernität ; Interkulturalität ; Politische Ontologie ; Socio-territorial conflicts ; modernity ; transmodernity ; interculturality ; political ontology ; Soziologie und Anthropologie
    Abstract: Obwohl sozio-territoriale Konflikte sich in vielfältigen Kämpfen um Ressourcen, Raum und Umweltbedingungen manifestieren können, vertritt diese Forschung die These, dass sozio-territoriale Konflikte nicht auf diese Aspekte beschränkt sind, sondern eine ontologische Dimension beinhalten. In diesem Sinne geht es im Golf von Tribugá um die Existenzbedingungen und die Interaktionen zwischen den bestehenden Entitäten entsprechend ihrer Ontologie sowie um die Rolle, die jede Entität bei der Konstituierung des Territoriums als eine entstehende und sich ständig verändernde Kategorie spielt. Um diesen ontologischen Disput zu verstehen, kontrastiert diese Arbeit die Unterschiede und Überschneidungen zwischen Developmentalismus - der jüngsten Manifestation des Projekts der westlichen Moderne -, nachhaltigem Developmentalismus und lokalen Lebensweisen, Interaktionen und Praktiken am Golf von Tribugá. Darüber hinaus zeigt die Untersuchung einige Strategien auf, mit denen lokale Kollektive sich bestimmte abstrakte Universalismen der Moderne aneignen, sie durch die Brille ihrer eigenen Erfahrungen transformieren und so ein transmodernes und interkulturelles Territorium gestalten und verwirklichen. Transmodernität und Interkulturalität als wirtschaftlicher, sozialer und politischer Horizont impliziert die Überwindung einer Vielzahl von Konzepten, die mit der europäischen Erkenntnistheorie in Verbindung gebracht werden und die derzeit weltweit eine hegemoniale Position einnehmen. Somit beinhaltet der Kampf für einen transmodernen und interkulturellen Horizont die Infragestellung einiger der erkenntnistheoretischen und ontologischen Grundlagen dessen, was gemeinhin als "Modernität" definiert wird.
    Abstract: Although socio-territorial conflicts might materialise through multiple struggles over resources, space and environmental conditions, the main argument of this research is that, rather than being limited to such resources or environmental conditions, socio-territorial disputes have an ontological dimension. With this in mind, what is at stake in the Gulf of Tribugá are the conditions of existence and the interactions between existing entities according to their ontology, as well as the role each entity plays in the constitution of the territory as an emerging and constantly changing category. To understand this ontological dispute, this research contrasts the differences and partial connections between developmentalism – the most recent manifestation of the project of western modernity – and local forms of inhabiting, interacting with and enacting the Gulf of Tribugá. On top of that, the research highlights some strategies through which local collectivities, by appropriating specific abstract universalisms of modernity and concretising them through the lenses of their own experiences, propose and enact a transmodern and intercultural territory. Transmodernity and interculturality as an economic, social and political horizon implies breaking up with most of the notions mainly associated with European epistemology, which are currently hegemonic all over the globe. Struggling towards a transmodern and intercultural horizon entails questioning some of the epistemological and ontological fundaments of what is commonly defined as “modernity”.
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  • 6
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (305 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2014
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Konversion ; Islam ; Salafismus ; Alternation ; Conversion ; Islam ; Salafism ; alternation ; Soziologie und Anthropologie ; Islam, Babismus, Bahaismus ; Religion ; Religiöse Erfahrung, religiöses Leben, religiöse Praxis ; Religiöse Ethik ; Mission und religiöse Erziehung ; Sekten und Reformbewegungen ; Mission
    Abstract: Konversionen zum Islam erregen Neugier, Faszination, und auch Angst – gerade seit den Terroranschlägen des 11. Septembers 2001 und den darauffolgenden islamistischen Anschlägen auch in Europa. Das Phänomen wirft besonders in diesem Kontext Fragen zu Motivation zur Konversion, dem Bezug der Konvertiten zu ihrem zum Herkunftskontext und zur sozialwissenschaftlichen und sicherheitspolitischen Bewertung des Phänomens auf. Um Antworten auf diese Fragen näher zu kommen, hat die Autorin zwischen 2009 und 2011 insgesamt 27 Konvertiten zum Islam in Deutschland, England und Frankreich interviewt und ihre Einstellungen, Identitätsausdeutungen und Relevanzen untersucht. Die Ergebnisse ihrer Auswertung setzt sie mit einer Betrachtung des Phänomens des jugendkulturellen Salafismus in Bezug und entwickelt auf dieser Basis zwei grundlegend unterschiedliche Kategorien des Wechsels zum Islam: Die „Konversion zum reflexiven Islam“ und die „Alternation zu einer jugendkulturellen Ausprägung des Salafismus“.
    Abstract: Conversions to Islam evoke curiosity, fascination, and also fear – especially since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 and Islamist terrorist attacks that followed also in Europe. The phenomenon raises questions regarding the motifs for conversion, the relation of converts to their society of origin, and the sociological assessment as well as security policy aspects of the phenomenon. In order to come closer to answers to these questions, the author interviewed 27 converts to Islam in Germany, England and France, and analysed their attitudes, identity reconstruction and relevances. She compared the results with a reflection on the phenomenon of a youth-cultural phenomenon of Salafism and developed two fundamentally different categories of people choosing Islam as their religion: “conversion to reflexive Islam” and “alternation to a youth-cultural interpretation of Salafism”.
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  • 7
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (253 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2019
    DDC: 320
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Alltagskorruption ; Informelle Praktiken ; Collective Action ; Demokratie ; Administrative corruption ; Informality ; Collective Action ; Democracy ; Politikwissenschaft (Politik und Regierung) ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Die explorative Studie nutzt qualitative Interviews mit einfachen Bürgern um das Problem der allgegenwärtigen und anhaltenden Alltagskorruption in post-sowjetischen Staaten zu analysieren. Es wird zum einen nach den zugrunde liegenden Einstellungen, Werten und Erwartungen der Klienten gefragt, die diese korrupt handeln lassen, zum anderen wird der Einfluss dieser alltäglichen informellen Praktiken auf Entwicklung und Qualität von demokratischen Institutionen in post-sowjetischen Staaten untersucht. Die Ergebnisse des ersten Teils legen nahe, dass sich der größte Einfluss auf die Bereitschaft zu korruptem Handeln aus der Kombination der Effekte aus sowjetischem Erbe und rationalem Verhalten, das die Situation als ein Problem kollektiven Handelns interpretiert, ergibt. Bezüglich der Frage nach der Wirkung von informellen Praktiken und mit ihnen einhergehenden sowjetischen Einstellungen auf die Entwicklung von funktionierenden demokratischen Institutionen zeigt die Studie eine Reihe von problematischen Aspekten auf: Zuvorderst den Vorzug von individuellen vor kollektiven Lösungen sowie den anhaltenden Effekt von informellen Netzwerken, kombiniert mit einer tiefen Abneigung gegenüber dem Staat und einem schwachen Gefühl der eigenen Wirksamkeit. Zusammengenommen bilden diese ein schwerwiegendes Hindernis für politische Partizipation und die Entwicklung eines gesellschaftlichen Gemeinschaftsgefühls. Entgegen der gängigen Forschungs-meinung hat diese Studie also gezeigt, dass bestimmte Formen von Korruption, genauer der besondere Typ der post-sowjetischen informellen Transaktionen, einen negativen Einfluss auf die Entwicklung demokratischer Institutionen haben und die Wirkungsrichtung zwischen Demokratie und Korruption nicht allein von schwachen demokratischen Institutionen zu mehr Korruption zeigt.
    Abstract: The explorative study uses qualitative interviews with ordinary citizens to examine the problem of pervasiveness and persistence of administrative corruption in the Soviet successor states. It analyses the problem on two levels, taking an interest in the underlying attitudes, values and expectations of why clients engage in corrupt transactions, and asking about the influence of these low-level informal practices on the development and quality of democratic institutions in post-soviet states. Regarding the former, the analysis established the combined effect of Soviet legacy and rational behaviour interpreting the situation as a problem of collective action. These two are the main drivers influencing the readiness for corrupt transactions. They mutually reinforce each other and the highest propensity to act corruptly is found when these two aspects coincide. The answer to the question whether the lasting impact of informal practices and Soviet attitudinal patterns going along with them conflicts with the development of well-functioning, democratic institutions was clearly affirmative. The study showed that it is particularly a preference of individual over collective solutions and the continued effect of persisting informal networks combined with a deep disregard of the state and a low feeling of agency that pose serious obstacles to the quality of political participation and to the sense of community on the societal level. Contrary to the common argument the study has therefore established that the causality in the nexus between democracy and corruption is not a one-way road leading from weak democratic institutions to higher levels of corruption, but that certain forms of corruption, more precisely the specific type of post-soviet informality, have a negative impact on the development of democratic institutions making causality follow a bidirectional path and constituting a vicious circle of informality.
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  • 8
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (134 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2020
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Ungleichheit der Geschlechter ; Habitus ; Geschlechtssoziologie ; Studien am Arbeitsplatz ; Gender Inequality ; Habitus ; Gender Sociology ; Workplace Studies ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Hochschulschrift
    Abstract: Diese Arbeit beleuchtet die wichtigen Komponenten des Habitus indischer Arbeitsplätze von Organisationen des privaten und öffentlichen Sektors in Delhi und zeigt auf, wie tief die in beiden Arbeitssektoren vorherrschenden geschlechtsspezifischen Ungleichheiten in ihren Habitus eingebettet sind. Der Zusammenhang zwischen Habitus und geschlechtsspezifischen Ungleichheiten wird durch im Rahmen dieses Projekts durchgeführte Forschungen und Feldstudien aufgezeigt, die zeigen, wie sich das Ausmaß, die Wahrnehmung, die Reaktion und der allgemeine Ansatz zur sexuellen Belästigung am Arbeitsplatz zwischen den Bereichen des öffentlichen und des privaten Sektors stark unterscheiden. Sexuelle Belästigung und unangemessenes Verhalten am Arbeitsplatz werden als Indikatoren für die Aufdeckung von Ungleichheiten zwischen den Geschlechtern im öffentlichen und privaten Sektor verwendet. Daher stellt diese These die Erforschung zweier zentraler Konzepte dar, d. H. Habitus- und Geschlechterungleichheiten, indem das Verständnis und die Herangehensweise an sexuelle Belästigung in beiden Sektoren untersucht werden und somit die Verbindung zwischen Habitus und Geschlechterungleichheit am indischen Arbeitsplatz begründet wird.
    Abstract: This thesis highlights the important components of the habitus of Indian workplaces of private and public sector organisations in Delhi and establishes how gender inequalities prevalent in both work sectors are deeply embedded in their habitus. The connection between habitus and gender inequalities is demonstrated by research and field studies conducted within this project that exhibit how the scale, perception, reaction and overall approach to sexual harassment at the workplace differs extensively between fields of public and private sector. Sexual harassment and inappropriate behaviour at the workplace are used as signifiers for the exposition of gender inequality in public and private sectors. Therefore, this thesis constitutes the exploration of two central concepts i.e. habitus and gender inequalities by studying the understanding of and approach towards sexual harassment in the two sectors and thus, substantiate the linkage betwixt habitus and gender inequality at the Indian workplace.
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  • 9
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (273 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2020
    DDC: 630
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Umweltpolitik ; lokale Regierungsführung ; Kolumbien ; Paraguay ; environmental governance ; local governance ; Colombia ; Paraguay ; Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche ; Verwaltung von Wirtschaft und Umwelt ; Kultur und Institutionen ; Staatsformen und Regierungssysteme
    Abstract: Die folgenden Arbeiten folgen einem vergleichenden Ansatz zweier ausgewählter Gebiete Südamerikas, um die Komplexität der Governance-Prozesse zu strukturieren. Sie konzentriert sich auf das kolumbianische Llanos- und das paraguayische Pantanal-Gebiet und korreliert die räumliche Beziehung der von natürlichen Ressourcen abhängigen Gemeinden mit sozioökonomischen und ökologischen Veränderungen, Macht und hierarchischer Struktur auf allen Ebenen, politischer Dynamik und Programmen zur Einbindung von Stakeholdern. Die Hypothese hinter dieser Arbeit ist, dass die Verwendung einer geklärten, nicht-normativen Governance-Perspektive in der sozio-ökonomischen und politischen Forschung zu einem besseren Verständnis sozio-ökonomischer und politischer Prozesse beitragen kann, einschließlich formaler und informeller Prozesse, die in größere und kleinere soziale Systeme eingebettet sind, sowie sowohl vertikale als auch horizontale sozio-ökonomische und politische Arrangements. Über die Entwicklung eines spezifischen Rahmens für die CBG hinaus werden zwei praktische und methodische Instrumente generiert. Das Community-Based Governance Manual (CBGM), einschließlich einer Fallstudie über das kolumbianische Llanos, und die Guidelines to Strengthen CBGG in the Paraguayan Pantanal (CBGG) versuchen, die politische, wirtschaftliche und soziale Analyse von Gemeindeakteuren sowie Szenarien zur Bewältigung der sie betreffenden sozio-ökologischen und sozio-ökonomischen Probleme zu fördern. Der CBGM und der CBGG können als konkrete und greifbare Auswirkungen auf Feldebene sowie als gültige Prognosen für die erwartete zukünftige Entwicklung von lokalen und ökologischen Governance-Modellen angesehen werden.
    Abstract: The following work develops the Community-Based Governance (CBG), a bottom-up organizational model, ought to increase the participation of local groups in the planning, research, development, management, and formulation of policies and strategies for the wider community. It follows a comparative approach of two selected areas of South America in order to structure the complexity of governance processes: the Colombian Llanos and the Paraguayan Pantanal, correlating the spatial relation of natural resource-dependent communities with socio-economic and environmental changes, along with power and hierarchical structure at all scales, political dynamics, and stakeholder engagement schemes. The hypothesis behind this work is that using a clarified, non-normative governance perspective in socio-economic and policy research can contribute to an improved understanding of socio-economic and political processes, including formal and informal ones, those embedded in larger and smaller social systems, as well as both vertical and horizontal socio-economic and political arrangements. Beyond the development of a specific framework for CBG, two practical and methodological tools are generated. The Community-Based Governance Manual (CBGM), including a case study of the Colombian Llanos, and the Guidelines to Strengthen CBG in the Paraguayan Pantanal (CBGG) seek to promote the political, economic, and social analysis of community actors as well as scenarios addressing the socio-environmental and socio-economic problems that affect them. CBGM and CBGG may be regarded as concrete and tangible impacts on the field, as well as valid outlooks on expected future development of local and environmental governance models.
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  • 10
    ISBN: 978-0-367-89396-5
    Language: English
    Pages: ix, 125 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Central Asian Studies Series 36
    DDC: 390.0958
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    Keywords: Zentral-Asien Tradition ; Kirgisien ; Geschlechterrolle ; Politik und Gesellschaft ; Tadschikistan ; Frau ; Heirat ; Kasachstan ; Digitale Medien ; Nationalismus ; Arbeit ; Arbeiterklasse ; Universität ; Islam ; China ; Tibeter ; Qinghai 〈Provinz, Volksrepublik China〉 ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Practices of Traditionalization in Central Asia focuses on how tradition is `everyday-ified` in contemporary Central Asia, including Tatarstan and Tibet, and what people seek to achieve in its name. The case studies range from political demonstrations and industrial workers` gatherings to institutions of religious education, minority communities, weddings, and the Internet.In this volume we regard tradition as a practice that needs to be explored in its institutional and interactional context at a particular time, rather than as a reliable guide to the past: tradition can only be judged from the present; it is an interpretative concept, not a descriptive one. While the scholarly debate has so far centered on what tradition entails and what it does not, including the question of invention and ownership, less attention has been devoted to investigating how tradition is enacted, enforced, or motivated - in short, how it `gets done.` In Central Asia, practices of traditionalization are closely related to the transformation of the socialist order and the emergence of highly stratified societies. This volume asks: When does tradition emerge as a line of argumentation, who are the actors invoking it and how is it being (materially) manifested?Practices of Traditionalization in Central Asia will be of great interest to scholars of Central Asia, Anthropology, History, Political Science, and Sociology. The chapters were originally published as a special issue of Central Asian Survey. (Verlagsangaben)
    Description / Table of Contents: Citation information -- Notes on contributors -- Introduction: Practices of traditionalization in Central Asia, Judith Beyer and Peter Finke -- 1. Women of protest, men of applause: political activism, gender and tradition in Kyrgyzstan, Judith Beyer and Aijarkyn Kojobekova -- 2. Traditionalization, or the making of a reputation: women, weddings and expenditure in Tajikistan, Juliette Cleuziou -- 3. The body global and the body traditional: a digital ethnography of Instagram and nationalism in Kazakhstan and Russia, Diana T. Kudaibergenova -- 4. The veterans` gala: the use of tradition in an industrial labour conflict in contemporary Kazakhstan, Tommaso Trevisani -- 5. Appropriating and contesting `traditional Islam`: Central Asian students at the Russian Islamic University in Tatarstan, Dominik Müller -- 6. Traditionalization as a response to state-induced development in rural Tibetan areas of Qinghai, PRC, Jarmila Ptackova -- Index
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  • 11
    Book
    Book
    Ithaca : Cornell University Press
    ISBN: 978-1-5017-4722-9 , 978-1-5017-4721-2 , 978-1-5017-4723-6 /E-Book , 978-1-5017-4724-3 /E-Book
    Language: English
    Pages: IX, 175 Seiten , 1 Karte
    Series Statement: Police\Worlds
    DDC: 363.2/3096626091734
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    Keywords: Republik Niger Ländliches Gebiet ; Polizei ; Strafrecht ; Administration ; Soziale Bedingungen ; Staat und Gesellschaft
    Abstract: "This book explores what it means to be a gendarme investigating cases, writing reports, and settling disputes in a rural community in Niger and also addresses the irresolvable tension between bureaucratic forms and peoples' lives"--
    Description / Table of Contents: A handful of gendarmes, two worlds, and the frontier between -- A history of the gendarmerie in Niger -- A story of a murder, no traces and nothing to report: -- The ear : listening to noise, hearing cases -- The eye : surveillance and the problem of "seeing things" -- The pen : report writing and bureaucratic aesthetics -- Drama work -- Repair work -- Tragic work -- Postscript : on the significance of the frontier.
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  • 12
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (202 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2020
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Bildungspolitik ; soziale Ungleichheit ; Kolonialpolitik ; Q-Methodik ; Educational Policy ; social Inequality ; Colonial Policy ; Q-methodology ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Bildung ist ein Instrument, das zur Bekämpfung von Armut, Ungleichheit und sozialer Ausgrenzung in jeder Gesellschaft eingesetzt werden kann. Für eine nachhaltige und ganzheitliche nationale Entwicklung ist daher eine gerechte Verteilung der Bildungsressourcen unter den Menschen erforderlich. Dies ist jedoch nicht immer ohne Weiteres zu erreichen, insbesondere in Afrika, wo der Kolonialismus in vielen Ländern teilweise zu einer ungleichen Entwicklung unter den Menschen geführt hat. Schon bald nach der Eingliederung der Northern Territories of the Gold Coast (heute Ghana) in die Kolonialherrschaft vernachlässigte die Bildungspolitik der Kolonialisten den nördlichen Teil des Landes. Obwohl es einige Studien zum Kolonialismus in Afrika im Allgemeinen gibt, wurde nur wenig darüber berichtet, welche Rolle er bei der Schaffung eines ungleichen Bildungswesens spielte. Auch die Auswirkungen von aktiven Förderungsmaßnahmen, die zur Überbrückung der Kluft zwischen dem Nord-Süd-Gefälle in Ghana eingeführt wurden. Die wichtigsten Fragen, die diese Studie daher zu beantworten versucht, sind die Folgenden: Was waren die kolonialen Begegnungen mit dem Norden Ghanas, die die Unterentwicklung des Bildungswesens in der Region bewirkten? Wie überbrücken die aktiven Förderungsmaßnahmen bzw. die positive Diskriminierung die Kluft zwischen dem Norden und dem Süden des Landes? Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfragen wurde in der Studie ein methodengemischter Ansatz verwendet, bei dem Tiefeninterviews, Q-Methoden, Dokumentenanalyse und Beobachtung als Datenerhebungsmethoden Einsatz fanden. Es stellte sich heraus, dass die Kolonialisten eine bewusste Strategie verfolgten, den Norden zu einer Reserve ungelernter Arbeitskräfte zu machen, was erklärt, warum sie dort anfangs nur wenige Schulen bauten. Die Ergebnisse der Studie zeigen darüber hinaus, dass die positive Diskriminierung die Nord-Süd-Lücke nicht wie erwartet schließt. So kommt man zu dem Schluss, dass die Ausbeutung weitesgehend für die Unterentwicklung des Bildungswesens in Nordghana verantwortlich ist.
    Abstract: Education is a tool that can be used to fight poverty, inequality, and social exclusion in every given society. Thus, for a sustainable and holistic national development, there is the need for an equitable distribution of educational resources among the people. This is however hardly achievable, especially in Africa where colonialism has partly brought about unequal development among the people in many countries. Soon after the Northern Territories of the Gold Coast (now Ghana) was incorporated under colonial rule, the educational policy of the colonialists did not favour the northern part of the country. Even though, there have been some studies on the colonialism of Africa in general, little has been done regarding the role it played in (re)producing unequal development of education in Africa. Likewise, the impact of an affirmative action instituted to bridge the gap between the north-south divide in Ghana has not been evaluated. The main questions this study thus seek to answer are: What were the colonial encounters with the north that brought about the underdevelopment of education in the area? How is the affirmative action bridging the gap between the north and the south? To answer the research questions, the study used a mixed-methods approach where in-depth interviews, Q methods, document analysis and observation were adapted as data collection methods. It was revealed that the colonialists adopted a deliberate strategy of making the north an unskilled labour reserve, thus accounting for why they did not build many schools there in the beginning. The findings of the study also show that the effect of the affirmative action has not been able to appreciably contribute to closing the north-south gap as expected. It is concluded that exploitation largely accounted for the underdevelopment of education in northern Ghana.
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  • 13
    Book
    Book
    London : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
    ISBN: 978-0-367-27681-2 , 0-367-27681-X
    Language: English
    Pages: XIV, 245 Seiten , Illustrationen
    DDC: 305.420954
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    Keywords: Indien Unberührbarer ; Frau ; Kastenwesen ; Geschlechterforschung ; Soziale Bedingungen ; Feminismus ; Ambedkar, Bhimrao Ramji ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Dalit Feminist Theory: A Reader radically redefines feminism by introducing the category of Dalit into the core of feminist thought. It supplements feminism by adding caste to its study and praxis; it also re-examines and re-thinks Indian feminism by replacing it with a new paradigm, namely that caste-based feminist inquiry offers the only theoretical vantage point for comprehensively addressing gender-based injustices.Drawing on a variety of disciplines, the essays in the volume discuss key themes such as Indian Feminism versus Dalit Feminism; the emerging concept of Dalit patriarchy; the predecessors of Dalit feminism, such as Phule and Ambedkar; the meaning and value of lived experience; the concept of Difference; the analogical relationship between black feminism and Dalit feminism; the Intersectionality debate; and, the theory-versus-experience debate. They also provide a conceptual, historical, empirical and philosophical understanding of feminism in India today.Accessible, essential and ingenious in its approach, this book is for students, teachers, specialist scholars as well as activists and the interested general reader. It will be indispensable for those engaged in gender studies, women's studies, sociology of caste, political science and political theory, philosophy and feminism, Ambedkar studies, and anyone working in areas of caste, class or gender-based discrimination, exclusion, and inequality.
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9781787381971
    Language: English
    Pages: VII, 326 Seiten
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    Keywords: Terrorismus Islam ; Jihad ; Gewalt ; Fundamentalismus, islamischer ; Propaganda ; Quelle
    Abstract: In the wake of its 'Caliphate' declaration in 2014, the self-described Islamic State has been the focus of countless academic papers, government studies, media commentaries and documentaries. Despite all this attention, persistent myths continue to shape--and misdirect--public understanding and strategic policy decisions. A significant factor in this trend has been a strong disinclination to engage critically with Islamic State's speeches and writings--as if doing so reflects empathy with the movement's goals or, even more absurdly, may itself lead to radicalisation. Going beyond the descriptive and the sensationalist, this volume presents and analyses a series of milestone Islamic State primary source materials. Scholar-practitioners with field experience in confronting the movement explore and contextualise its approach to warfare, propaganda and governance, examining the factors behind its dramatic evolution from failed proto-state in 2010 to standard-bearer of global jihadism in 2014, to besieged insurgency in 2019. 'The ISIS Reader' will help anyone--students and journalists, military personnel, civil servants and inquisitive observers--to better understand not only the evolution of Islamic State and the dynamics of asymmetric warfare, but the importance of primary sources in doing so.
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  • 15
    Book
    Book
    Stanford, California : Stanford University Press
    ISBN: 978-0-8047-9237-0 , 978-1-5036-1087-3 , 978-1-5036-1088-0 / (e-book)
    Language: English
    Pages: xii, 364 Seiten
    Series Statement: Standford Studies in Middle Eastern and Islamic Societies and Cultures
    DDC: 320.55/7
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    Keywords: Bosnien und Herzegowina Serbien ; Kroatien ; Afghanistan ; Ägypten ; Irak ; Politisches System ; Politischer Wandel ; Islam und Politik ; Islam ; Religion und Gesellschaft ; Religion und Politik ; Recht ; Jihad ; Salafismus ; Beziehungen, transnationale ; Vereinte Nationen
    Abstract: No contemporary figure is more demonized than the Islamist foreign fighter who wages jihad around the world. Spreading violence, disregarding national borders, and rejecting secular norms, so-called jihadists seem opposed to universalism itself. In a radical departure from conventional wisdom on the topic, The Universal Enemy argues that transnational jihadists are engaged in their own form of universalism: these fighters struggle to realize an Islamist vision directed at all of humanity, transcending racial and cultural difference.Anthropologist and attorney Darryl Li reconceptualizes jihad as armed transnational solidarity under conditions of American empire, revisiting a pivotal moment after the Cold War when ethnic cleansing in the Balkans dominated global headlines. Muslim volunteers came from distant lands to fight in Bosnia-Herzegovina alongside their co-religionists, offering themselves as an alternative to the US-led international community. Li highlights the parallels and overlaps between transnational jihads and other universalisms such as the War on Terror, United Nations peacekeeping, and socialist Non-Alignment. Developed from more than a decade of research with former fighters in a half-dozen countries, The Universal Enemy explores the relationship between jihad and American empire to shed critical light on both. (Umschlagtext)
    Description / Table of Contents: Terms of engagement -- Dramatis personae -- Introduction -- Part I. Jihad -- 1 Migrations -- 2 Locations -- 3 Authorities -- 4 Groundings -- Interlude: Exchanging Arabs -- Part II. Other Universalisms -- 5 Non-Alignment -- 6 Peacekeeping -- 7 The Global War on Terror -- Acknowledgements -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 301-332
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  • 16
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (181 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2018
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Webbewegung ; organischer Intellekt ; digitale Technologien ; politische Partizipation ; web movement ; organic intellectual ; digital technologies ; political participation ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Eine neue Art von sozialen Bewegungen führt nicht nur Individuen aus der breiten Masse in neue politische und soziale Themen ein und stärkt ihre politische Partizipation, sondern befähigt sie, zu lernen, sich auszutauschen und zu organisieren, um sich so dafür einzusetzen, dass die politischen und gesellschaftlichen Institutionen im Sinne ihrer Interessen arbeiten. Diese Hypothesen sollen dabei helfen, eine Antwort auf folgende Forschungsfrage zu finden: Wie unterstützen digitale Technologien die Entwicklung von organischen intellektuellen? Um die oben genannten Hypothesen zu validieren, wurde ausgehend von den von Manuel Castells und Antonio Gramsci vorgestellten Konzepten eine qualitative Analyse der Ergebnisse semi-strukturierter Interviews aus vier verschiedenen Ländern auf vier Kontinenten durchgeführt. Die Forschungsarbeit untersucht zentrale Charakteristika der digitalen Umgebung globaler Web-Bewegungen. Zum einen bezieht sich dies aufgängige Kritikpunkte an politischer Online-Partizipation wie "Digital Divide", "Clicktivism" und "Simplification", zum anderen auf die Verwässerung des Konzepts der Souveränität. Auf Grundlage der erhobenen Daten argumentiert die vorliegende Arbeit gegen diese Kritikpunkte und problematisiert das Konzept der nationalen Souveränität. Die Forschungsarbeit stellt die Annahme infrage, dass globale Unterstützung für lokale Angelegenheiten auf Solidarität basiert, und führt eine Perspektive ein, die das Recht auf Beteiligung als Ausdruck einer Identifikation als globaler Staatsbürger versteht.
    Abstract: A new kind of social movements are not only introducing individuals from within the masses to new political and social topics, and raising their interest and activity in political education and participation, but also enabling their ability to learn, discuss, deliberate, share, and organize themselves for making the political institutions of the society to work for their interests. This hypothesis was formulated in order to aid the process of finding an answer to the research question: how are digital technologies helping in the development process of organic intellectuals? Based on the concepts presented by Manuel Castells and Antonio Gramsci, a qualitative analysis of the responses collected in four countries across four different continents using semi-structured interviews presented the evidence used to validate the above hypothesis. The research also examines couple of main aspects of the online environment in relation to a global web movement. One is relating to the major criticisms of online political participation such as 'Digital Divide', 'Clicktivism', and 'Simplification', while the second is relating to the dilution of the concept of 'Sovereignty'. The gathered data allows this research to argue against the criticisms, and problematize the concept of national sovereignty. This research questions the general assumption that a global action in support of local issues is based on solidarity, and presents a different perspective focused on the right to demand action based on an identification of global citizenship.
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  • 17
    ISBN: 978-1-3500-7413-2 , 978-1-3500-7414-9 / (e-book) , 978-1-3500-7415-6 / (e-book)
    Language: English
    Pages: X, 207 Seiten
    DDC: 394.1/2
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    Keywords: Ernährung Nahrungsmittel ; Essen ; Nationalismus ; Sozialer Aspekt ; Politik ; Landwirtschaft ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Anthropologie, kulinarische
    Abstract: What do deep fried mars bars, cod, and Bulgarian yoghurt have in common? Each have become symbolic foods with specific connotations, located to a very specific place and country. This book explores the role of food in society as a means of interrogating the concept of the nation-state and its sub-units, and reveals how the nation-state in its various disguises has been and is changing in response to accelerated globalisation. The chapters investigate various stages of national food: its birth, emergence, and decline, and why sometimes no national food emerges. By collecting and analysing a wide range of case studies from countries including Portugal, Mexico, the USA, Bulgaria, Scotland, and Israel, the book illustrates ways in which various social forces work together to shape social and political realities concerning food. The contributors, hailing from anthropology, history, sociology and political science, investigate the significance of specific food cultures, cuisines, dishes, and ingredients, and their association with national identity. In so doing, it becomes clearer how these two things interact, and demonstrates the scope and direction of the current study of food and nationalism.
    Description / Table of Contents: Notes on contributors Introduction Venetia Johannes (University of Oxford, UK), Atsuko Ichijo (Kingston University, UK) and Ronald Ranta (Kingston University, UK) Part One: The `Template': The `Orthodox' Emergence and Development of National Food 1. Salt Cod and the Making of a Portuguese National Cuisine Jose Sobral (Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal) 2. The Cookbook in Mexico: A Founding Document of the Modern Nation Sarah Bak-Geller Corona (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico) 3. Potica: The Leavened Bread that Reinvented Slovenia Ana Tominc (Queen Margaret University, UK) and Andreja Vezovnik (University of Ljubljana, Slovenia) 4. Bacillus Bulgaricus: The Breeding of National Pride Nevena Nancheva (Kingston University, UK) 5. Food and Nationalism in an Independent Ghana Brandi Simpson Miller (SOAS, UK) Part Two: Contemporary Accounts of the Emergence and Development of National Food 6. 'Signifying poverty, class and nation through Scottish foods: From Haggis to Deep-Fried Mars Bars' Joy Fraser (George Mason University, USA) and Christine Knight (Sheffield Hallam University, UK) 7. Catalan Culinary Nationalism: A Contemporary Case study Venetia Johannes (University of Oxford, UK) 8. National Cuisine and Regional Identities in Costa Rica Mona Nikolic (Freie Universitat Berlin, Germany) 9. Ethnicity, Class and Nation in the Chilean Cuisine Isabel M. Aguilera Bornand (Tarapaca University, Chile) Part Three: Critical Accounts of National Food 10. Does Israeli Food Exist? The Multifaceted and Complex Making of a National Food Ronald Ranta (Kingston University, UK) and Claudia Raquel Prieto-Piastro (King's Colleage London, UK) 11. Obliterating or Reviving the Nonexisting nation Liora Gvion (The Kibbutzim College of Education in Tel Aviv, Israel) 12. Nationalism, Culinary Coherence and the Case of the United States: An Empirical or Conceptual Problem? Amy Trubek (University of Vermon, US) 13. The Canadian Cuisine Fallacy Nicolas Fabien-Ouellet (University of Vermont, US) 14. 'They're Always Eating Cuy': Food Regionalism and Transnationalism in Ecuador and the Andes Emma-Jayne Abbots, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, UK. Conclusion Atsuko Ichijo (Kingston University, UK) References Index
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  • 18
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (238 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2019
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Reform- und Öffnungspolitik ; Legitimität von Ungleichheit ; Symbolisches Kapital ; Staatssozialistischen Hierarchischen Systems ; Habitus ; Reproduktion von Ungleichheiten ; Chinese Economic Reform ; Legitimacy of Inequality ; Symbolic Capital ; State-Socialist Hierarchical System ; Habitus ; Reproduction of Inequality ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Die Dissertation versucht herauszufinden, ob Ungleichheiten im reformierten China aus dem vergangenen staatssozialistischen System heraus reproduziert werden und wie in diesem Falle diese Reproduktion von Ungleichheit funktioniert. Die soziokulturelle Perspektive erlaubt eine Interpretation von Ungleichheit als ungleiche Verteilung symbolischen Kapitals, was konkret heißt, dass die strukturelle Ursache für Ungleichheit in der symbolischen Vermittlung menschlichen Handelns liegt. Die symbolische Vermittlung über den Habitus wurde von Pierre Bourdieu systematisch untersucht, um die Funktionsweise der Reproduktion von Ungleichheiten zu erklären. Als Ausdruck der Logik menschlichen Handelns, welches durch Wissen und Erfahrung in einer symbolischen Welt entsteht, organisiert der Habitus das menschliche Handeln, um die Bedingungen seines Entstehens zu reproduzieren. Im Falle Chinas seit Beginn der Reformpolitik sind Hierarchien des staatssozialistischen Systems in Form von post-transformativen symbolischen Ungleichheiten erhalten geblieben. Diese Strukturen werden in der Dissertation als eine sozialistische Soziokultur definiert, die menschliches Handeln im veränderten Umfeld des Marktes vermittelt. Die sozialistische hierarchische Ordnung differenziert chinesische Bürger entlang der Trennlinien sozialistischen symbolischen Kapitals. Die Ergebnisse der multiple correspondence analysis zeigen, dass sowohl im Kontext des urbanen als auch des ländlichen Chinas die Beständigkeit des staatssozialistischen hierarchischen Systems eine wichtige Rolle für die heutige soziale Struktur spielt. Auf den Ergebnissen der quantitativen Forschung, die menschliches Handeln wird in der meritokratischen Gesellschaft durch sozialistische hierarchische Vermächtnisse symbolisch ausgehandelt. Gleichzeitig funktioniert die Persistenz des Habitus des staatssozialistischen hierarchischen Systems als unsichtbarer Mechanismus der Reproduktion von Ungleichheiten im China der Reformpolitik.
    Abstract: This study specifically aims to explore whether or not inequality in today's China is reproduced from the historical state-socialist class system and, if so, how the reproduction of inequality happens. The sociocultural perspective allows for the interpretation of inequality as an unequal distribution of symbolic capital, which reveals that the symbolic mediation of human practice is the structural root of inequality. This symbolically mediated practice is called habitus, which has been systematically developed by Pierre Bourdieu and utilized to explain how the reproduction of inequality happens. As the embodied logic of human practice that is acquired from knowledge and experience within a symbolic world, habitus organizes human practice to seek out and reproduce the conditions from which the habitus has developed. With regard to the case of China in this dissertation, some state-socialist hierarchical arrangements are maintained in the form of symbolic inequalities under reform, and are defined together as a socialist socioculture that is hypothesized to mediate human practice in a market environment. These socialist hierarchical arrangements distinguish Chinese citizens along the lines of socialist symbolic capital. Empirically, the results of multiple correspondence analysis demonstrate that in both rural and urban China, the persistence of the state-socialist hierarchical system plays an important role in informing the social structure, even with the rise of emerging classes. Following the findings from the quantitative research, it was found that human practice in a meritocratic society is symbolically mediated by the socialist hierarchical legacies. Meanwhile, the maintenance of habitus acquired from the state-socialist hierarchical system is an invisible mechanism for reproducing inequality under reform.
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  • 19
    ISBN: 978-1-85065-925-9 , 978-1-78738-224-4
    Language: English
    Pages: X, 229 Seiten
    Edition: paperback edition
    Series Statement: Crises in World Politics
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    Keywords: Terrorismus Jihad ; Islam und Politik ; Islamische Staaten ; Politik ; Macht ; Weltgeschichte ; Globalisierung
    Abstract: Faisal Devji argues that new forms of militancy, such as the actions of al-Qaeda, are informed by the same desire for agency and equality that animates other humanitarian interventions, such as environmentalism and pacifism. To the militant, victimized Muslims are more than just symbols of ethnic and religious persecution-they represent humanity's centuries-long struggle for legitimacy and agency. Acts of terror, therefore, are fueled by the militant's desire to become a historical actor on the global stage. Though they have yet to build concrete political institutions, militant movements have formed a kind of global society, and as Devji makes clear, this society pursues the same humanitarian objectives that drive more benevolent groups.
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  • 20
    ISBN: 978-1-84904-413-4
    Language: English
    Pages: XI, 282 Seiten
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    Keywords: Ost-Afrika Osthorn ; USA ; Krieg ; Terrorismus ; Mord ; Jihad
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  • 21
    Book
    Book
    Seattle : University of Washington Press
    ISBN: 978-0-295-74650-0 , 9780295746517 , 9780295746524 / (e-book)
    Language: English
    Pages: xvii, 232 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten
    Series Statement: Culture, Place, and Nature
    DDC: 306.0967627
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    Keywords: Kenia Flora ; Handel ; Industrie ; Arbeit ; Umwelt ; Sozialer Aspekt ; Soziale Bedingungen ; Wirtschaftliche Bedingungen ; Wirtschaftsgeschichte
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: Place, Power, and Possibility in a Kenyan Nerve Center -- Situating Naivasha -- Low-Wage Laborers: Sacrifice in a Slippery Context -- Black Kenyan Professionals: Seeking Exposure -- Floriculture and the State: Building and Branding Kenya -- White Kenyans and Expatriates: Belonging and Control
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  • 22
    Book
    Book
    Johannesburg : Wits University Press
    ISBN: 978-1-77614-335-1
    Language: English
    Pages: VIII, 278 Seiten
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    Keywords: Südafrika Dekolonisation ; Universität ; Erziehung ; Bildung
    Abstract: Shortly after the giant bronze statue of Cecil John Rhodes came down at the University of Cape Town, student protestors called for the decolonisation of universities. It was a word hardly heard in South Africa`s struggle lexicon and many asked: What exactly is decolonisation? This book brings together some of the most innovative thinking on curriculum theory to address this important question. In the process, several critical questions are raised: Is decolonisation simply a slogan for addressing other pressing concerns on campuses and in society? What is the colonial legacy with respect to curricula and can it be undone? How is the project of curricula decolonisation similar to or different from the quest for post-colonial knowledge, indigenous knowledge or a critical theory of knowledge? What does decolonisation mean in a digital age where relationships between knowledge and power are shifting? Strong conceptual analyses are combined with case studies of attempts to `do decolonisation` in settings as diverse as South Africa, Uganda, Tanzania and Mauritius. This comparative perspective enables reasonable judgements to be made about the prospects for institutional take-up within the curricula of century-old universities. Decolonisation in Universities is essential reading for undergraduate teaching, postgraduate research and advanced scholarship in the field of curriculum studies.
    Description / Table of Contents: Making Sense of Decolonisation in Universities; Part 1: The Arguments for Decolonisation; Chapter 1. Decolonising Universities; Chapter 2. The Curriculum Case for Decolonisation; Part 2: The Politics and Problems of Decolonisation; Chapter 3. On the Politics of Decolonisation: Knowledge, Authority and the Settled Curriculum; Chapter 4. The Institutional Curriculum, Pedagogy and the Decolonisation of the South African University. Chapter 5. What Counts and Who Belongs? Current Debates in Decolonising the CurriculumPart 3: Doing Decolonisation; Chapter 6. Scaling Decolonial Consciousness? The Rei-nvention of 'Africa' in a Neoliberal University; Chapter 7. Testing Transgressive Thinking: The 'Learning Through Enlargement' Initiative at UNISA; Chapter 8. Between Higher and Basic Education in South Africa: What Does Decolonisation Mean for Teacher Education?; Part 4: Reimaging Colonial Inheritances; Chapter 9. Public Art and/as Curricula: Seeking a New Role for Monuments Associated with Oppression. Chapter 10. The Plastic University: Knowledge, Disciplines and the Decolonial TurnChapter 11. Decolonising Knowledge: Can Ubuntu Ethics Save Us from Coloniality? (Ex Africa Semper Aliquid Novi?); Chapter 12. Future Knowledges and Their Implications for the Decolonisation Project; Afterword. Decolonising Minds via Curricula?; Contributors; Index
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 269-278
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  • 23
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (368 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2018
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Elite ; Geist des Kapitalismus ; Indien ; Wirtschaftselite ; Gujarat ; Pierre Bourdieu ; Globalisierung ; Elite ; Globalization ; Gujarat ; Spirit of capitalism ; economic elite ; India ; Pierre Bourdieu ; Soziologie, Anthropologie
    Abstract: Mehr als zwei Jahrzehnte nach der wirtschaftlichen Liberalisierung Indiens kam es zur Herausbildung einer neuen Kultur des Unternehmergeistes, eines kapitalistischen Geistes. Sie umfasst die Wiederbelebung traditioneller wie auch das Entstehen angeblich moderner Werte. Die Kultur des Unternehmergeistes bezog sich vorwiegend auf die aufstrebende Mittelschicht des Landes. Diese Arbeitet erforscht wie der kapitalistische Geist in der Wirtschaftselite im indischen Bundesstaat Gujarat entsteht. Das Ziel der Forschung liegt in der Erklärung von Ungleichzeitigkeit im kapitalistischen Geist. Gujarat bietet sich als Region für eine solche Analyse an, da der Staat sowohl über wirtschaftliche Traditionen verfügt wie auch eine starke wirtschaftliche Öffnung erfährt. Den kapitalistischen Geist fasse ich als kapitalistisches Ethos im Anschluss an Pierre Bourdieus Konzept des Habitus. In Kombination mit Boike Rehbeins Konzept der Soziokultur, welches nebeneinander bestehende Lagen mit unterschiedlichen sozio-historischem Ursprüngen in einer Gesellschaft erklärt, gehe ich der Forschungsfrage nach dem Entstehen des kapitalistischen Geistes nach. Die Forschung wurde mittels der Dokumentarischen Methode mit qualitativen Interviews mit der Wirtschaftselite in Gujarat durchgeführt. Dem kapitalistischen Ethos in der Wirtschaftselite in Gujarat liegen drei Soziokulturen zugrunde, die mit der Britischen Kolonialzeit und Industrialisierung (1850-1947), mit der Zeit der eingeschränkten Wirtschaft (1947-1991) und mit der wirtschaftlichen Liberalisierung (1991) entstanden. Das kapitalistische Ethos wird in den Soziokulturen verschiedentlich interpretiert. Ich habe drei kapitalistische Ethoi rekonstruiert: das Mahajan Ethos, das Nehruvianische Ethos und das Neoliberale Ethos.
    Abstract: Almost two decades after India’s economic liberalization, scholars found the emergence of a new moral order. This new enterprise culture, or capitalist spirit, entailed the revival of traditional as well the formation of putatively modern values. While this enterprise culture accounted mostly to the emerging middle class in the country, similar changes were observed at the core of industrial capitalism: management styles, which remained unstudied sociologically. This thesis investigates how the capitalist spirit in the business elite in the Indian state of Gujarat emerges. The purpose of this study is to explain the emergence of asynchronicity in the capitalist spirit. Studying the business elite in a state with a stronghold in business traditions as well as a stark economic liberalization contributes to the above mentioned studies. Based on literature review I argue for the capitalist spirit as capitalist ethos, drawing on Pierre Bourdieu’s habitus concept in combination with Boike Rehbein ‘s concept of socioculture, which explains coexisting layers in societies of different socio-historical origins. This research interest was operationalized with the documentary method, conducting qualitative interviews with the top business leaders in Gujarat. In this study, the capitalist ethos in the business elite in Gujarat emerges in three sociocultures that arose with British colonialism and industrialization (1850-1947), with the restricted economy (1947-1991), and with economic liberalization (1991). The capitalist ethos is differently interpreted in the sociocultures and therefore gains different meaning. I reconstructed the three capitalist ethoi of the Mahajan Ethos, the Nehruvian Ethos and the Neoliberal Ethos, respectively.
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 24
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (313 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2017
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Soziale Bewegungen ; Protest ; Körper ; Konflikt ; visuelle Soziologie ; Videoanalyse ; visuelles Framing ; Dramatismus ; soziale Inszenierung ; Bild-Körper ; Ikonografie ; Gorleben ; Anti-Atomkraft-Bewegung ; social movements ; protest ; body ; conflict ; visual sociology ; video analysis ; visual framing ; dramatism ; social performance ; pictorial body ; iconography ; Anti-nuclear movement ; Gorleben ; Soziologie, Anthropologie
    Abstract: Ausgehend von der Fragestellung, wie es möglich ist, dass der Körper durch bestimmte Erscheinungen und Handlungen zur Ressource visueller Kommunikation im Protest wird, leistet die vorliegende Dissertation zwei innovative Forschungsbeiträge: Zum einen wird die Rolle des Körpers in der Interaktionsordnung kollektiven Handelns theoretisch aufgearbeitet. Damit werden zwei miteinander verwobene Lücken im Bereich der Protest- und Bewegungsforschung adressiert: Die unzureichende Auseinandersetzung mit visuellen Aspekten der Aktivität sozialer Bewegungen und die, trotz einiger Aufmerksamkeit für soziale Inszenierung, weitgehende Ausblendung der Rolle des Körpers bei der Betrachtung von Bewegungshandeln. Zum anderen wird auf Grundlage der theoretischen Erkenntnisse eine Methodologie entwickelt, die sich besonders für die Erforschung von Körperlichkeit in Verbindung mit den Interaktionsdynamiken im Protest eignet. Den Körper operationalisiere ich als Visualisierungsmedium im Konzept des Bild-Körpers mit Anleihen bei der Bild- und Drama-Theorie. Die empirische Analyse von Videomaterial zu den Anti-Castor-Protesten in der Region Wendland (Deutschland) des Jahres 2008 zeigte, dass der Körper als Symbolträger in Mikrodramen - kurzen dramatischen Interaktionsfolgen - in Erscheinung tritt, über die der Protest selbst zum mobilisierenden Ereignis wird. Durch Mikrodramen werden die Akteure unmittelbar mit den Narrativen und Master-Frames des Protests verbunden. Der sonst rhetorische Konflikt zwischen Aktivisten und Protestadressaten wird physisch manifest in Zeit und Raum. Die Verkörperung normativ geladener Konstellationen von antagonistischen Charakteren ist dabei ein wesentliches Moment. Die notwendige Spannung wird durch die Kompositionen der Bild-Körper vor allem im Sinnbild der Grenzverletzung konstruiert, worin der Angriff und die Verteidigung des Körpers eine Verbindung zu den emotionalen Konstruktionen der Würde und des Anstands herstellen.
    Abstract: By asking how the human body becomes a crucial resource of visual communication in protest, this research advances scholarship in two main ways. First, I theorize the role of the body in terms of its appearances and actions, and in relation to collective action. Despite some scholarship attending to performative politics, this inquiry addresses several gaps in the theorizing about social movements such as the visual and embodied aspects of protest. Second, to anchor my theorization of the socially and physically situated body, I develop a methodology for researching corporality in association with protest interaction dynamics. I identify and conceptualize the body as a medium of visualization, which I call the pictorial body. Linking the pictorial body concept to the interface between scripts, narratives, and genres (SNG complex) lends the analyses to accounts of visual and dramaturgical theory. Empirically, I use original video data of the 2008 Anti-Castor protest campaign in Germany's Wendland. Findings show that the pictorial body is a primary carrier of symbolism in protest micro-dramas - short dramatic interaction episodes between challengers, targets, and third parties. As the most proximate medium, corporeal mobilizing experience - the call for action - can be treated as an outcome of protest action rather than only as a precondition. I argue that the embodied nature of micro-dramas during protest directly connects actors to movement narratives and master frames by making physically manifest in both space and time what is otherwise a rhetorical conflict. The embodiment of normatively framed constellations of antagonist characters is essential to this. More specifically, a conflictual relationship was crafted primarily by the composition of pictorial bodies in images of border violations, in which the attack and defense of the body connects to the emotionalizing constructs of dignity and decency.
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  • 25
    ISBN: 978-1-4985-5951-5 , 978-1-4985-5952-2/(eBook)
    Language: English
    Pages: xxxiii, 145 Seiten , Illustrationen
    DDC: 323.11970797/7725
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    Keywords: Nordamerika Pazifischer Raum ; Indianer, Nordamerika ; Soziale Bedingungen ; Unruhen ; Geschichte ; Beziehungen Indigenes Volk-Regierung ; Beziehungen Indianer-Weiße ; Aktivismus ; Widerstandsbewegung ; Daybreak Star Cultural Center 〈Seattle, Washington〉
    Abstract: "This study examines Native American protests in the Pacific Northwest during the 1960s and 1970s. It focuses on the successful occupation of Fort Lawton in 1970 and the creation of the Daybreak Star Indian Cultural Center in 1975, both of which the author frames within the larger history of Native American activism."--Provided by publisher
    Description / Table of Contents: Through the confrontation of troubles, a movement takes shape -- The battle begins: Fort Lawton -- The long haul: turning protest into programs -- Outcomes of the protest
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 123-138
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  • 26
    ISBN: 978-1-4780-0141-6 , 1-4780-0141-0 , 978-1-4780-00990 , 1-4780-0099-6 , 978-1-4780-0250-5 /eBook
    Language: English
    Pages: xi, 200 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karte
    DDC: 322.209663
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    Keywords: Senegal Arbeiterklasse ; Arbeitsethik ; Umweltbelastung ; Müll ; Neoliberalismus ; Infrastruktur ; Stadt ; Städtisches Gebiet ; Bürgerrecht ; Dakar 〈Stadt, Senegal〉
    Abstract: Over the last twenty-five years, garbage infrastructure in Dakar, Senegal, has taken center stage in the struggles over government, the value of labor, and the dignity of the working poor. Through strikes and public dumping, Dakar's streets have been periodically inundated with household garbage as the city's trash collectors and ordinary residents protest urban austerity. Often drawing on discourses of Islamic piety, garbage activists have provided a powerful language to critique a neoliberal mode of governing-through-disposability and assert rights to fair labor. In Garbage Citizenship Rosalind Fredericks traces Dakar's volatile trash politics to recalibrate how we understand urban infrastructure by emphasizing its material, social, and affective elements. She shows how labor is a key component of infrastructural systems and how Dakar's residents use infrastructures as a vital tool for forging collective identities and mobilizing political action. Fleshing out the materiality of trash and degraded labor, Fredericks illuminates the myriad ways waste can be a potent tool of urban control and rebellion.
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgments -- introduction. Trash Matters -- one. Governing Disposability -- two. Vital Infrastructures of Labor -- three. Technologies of Community -- four. The Piety of Refusal -- conclusion. Garbage Citizenship -- Notes -- References -- Index
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 171 - 192 , [Based on] Thesis (Ph. D. in Geography)--University of California, Berkeley, Fall 2009, entitled "Doing the dirty work: the cultural politics of garbage collection in Dakar, Senegal"
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  • 27
    Book
    Book
    Abingdon, Oxon : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
    ISBN: 978-1-138-64515-8 , 978-1-315-62831-8
    Language: English
    Pages: X, 226 Seiten
    Edition: First published
    Series Statement: A _GlassHouse Book
    DDC: 342.08/72
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    Keywords: Australien Ureinwohner, Australien ; Nordamerika ; Menschenrecht ; Selbstbestimmung ; Beziehungen Aborigine-Weiße ; Beziehungen Indigenes Volk-Regierung ; Beziehungen Indianer-Weiße ; Nationalsozialismus ; Recht, internationales ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: For more than 500 years, Indigenous laws have been disregarded. Many appeals for their recognition under international law have been made, but have thus far failed - mainly because international law was itself shaped by colonialism. How, this volume asks, might international law be reconstructed, so that it is liberated from its colonial origins?With contributions from critical legal theory, international law, politics, philosophy and Indigenous history, this volume pursues a cross-disciplinary analysis of the international legal exclusion of Indigenous Peoples, and of its relationship to global injustice. Beyond the issue of Indigenous Peoples` rights, however, this analysis is set within the broader context of sustainability; arguing that Indigenous laws, philosophy and knowledge are not only legally valid, but offer an essential approach to questions of ecological justice and the co-existence of all life on earth.
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  • 28
    Book
    Book
    London : Hurst & Company
    ISBN: 1-84904-809-6 , 978-1-84904-809-5
    Language: English
    Pages: xi, 558 Seiten
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    Keywords: Afghanistan Taliban ; Islam und Politik ; Krieg ; Geschichte ; Originaltext ; Quelle ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Anthologie
    Abstract: Who are the Taliban? Are they a militant movement? Are they religious scholars? The fact that these and other questions are still raised is testimony to the way the movement has been studied, often at arm's length and with scant use of primary sources. The Taliban Reader forges an extensive range of lagely unseen sources in a guide to the Afghan Islamist movement from a unique insider perspective. Ideal for students, journalists and scholars alike, this book is the result of an unprecedented, decade-long effort to encourage the emergence of participant-centred accounts of Afghan history. This ground-breaking collection ranges from news articles and opinion pieces to online publications and poems transcribed by hand in the field, stes the stage for a recalibration of how we understand and study the Afghan Taliban. It challenges researchers to forge new norms in the documentation of conflict and provides insight into the future trajectory of political Islamism in South Asia and the Middle East.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Part 1. Mujahedeen and Topakiyaan (1979-1994) -- Part 2. Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (1994-2001). Nascent State (1994-1996). Beginning Government (1996.1998). Isolation and Retrenchment (1998-2001) -- Part 3. Insurgency (2001- ). Shock and Awe (2001-2003). Expansion & Revival (2004-2010). New Realities (2011-2017) -- Notes -- Glossary -- Further Reading -- Acknowledgements -- Index
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  • 29
    ISBN: 978-1-5036-0647-0 , 978-1-5036-0510-7 , 978-1-5036-0648-7 /eBook
    Language: English
    Pages: 364 Seiten , Karten
    Series Statement: Stanford Studies in Human Rights
    DDC: 323.1199/150942
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    Keywords: Australien Ureinwohner, Australien ; Recht ; Northern Territory ; Gewalt, sexuelle ; Beziehungen Mann-Frau ; Geschlechterforschung ; Bürgerrecht ; Menschenrecht ; Politik und Gesellschaft ; Beziehungen Indigenes Volk-Regierung
    Abstract: What does it mean to be a "rights-holder" and how does it come about? Remote Freedoms explores the contradictions and tensions of localized human rights work in very remote Indigenous communities. Based on field research with Anangu of Central Australia, this book investigates how universal human rights are understood, practiced, negotiated, and challenged in concert and in conflict with Indigenous rights. Moving between communities, government, regional NGOs, and international UN forums, Sarah E. Holcombe addresses how the notion of rights plays out within the distinctive and ambivalent sociopolitical context of Australia, and focusing specifically on Indigenous women and their experiences of violence. Can the secular modern rights-bearer accommodate the ideals of the relational, spiritual Anangu person? Engaging in a translation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights into the local Pintupi-Luritja vernacular and observing various Indigenous interactions with law enforcement and domestic violence outreach programs, Holcombe offers new insights into our understanding of how the global rights discourse is circulated and understood within Indigenous cultures. She reveals how, in the postcolonial Australian context, human rights are double-edged: they enforce assimilation to a neoliberal social order at the same time that they empower and enfranchise the Indigenous citizen as a political actor. Remote Freedoms writes Australia's Indigenous peoples into the international debate on localizing rights in multicultural terms.
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction: Indigenous Rights as Human Rights in Central Australia -- 1 The Act of Translation: Emancipatory Potential and Apocryphal Revelations -- 2 Engendering Social and Cultural Rights -- 3 "Stop Whinging and Get on with It": The Shifting Contours of Gender Equality (and Equity) -- 4 Women Go to the Clinic, and Men Go to Jail": The Gendered Indigenized Subject of Legal Rights -- 5 Therapy Culture and the Intentional Subject -- 6 Civil and Political Rights: Is There Space for an Aboriginal Politics? -- 7 International Human Rights Forums and (East Coast) Indigenous Activism -- Conclusion --Appendix: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights in Pintupi-Luritja -- Notes -- References -- Index
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 301 - 343
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  • 30
    Book
    Book
    Cambridge : Polity Press
    ISBN: 9781509524662 (hbk) , 9781509524679 (pbk) , 9781509524709 (eBook)
    Language: English
    Pages: xiv, 260 Seiten , Tabellen, Diagramme
    DDC: 363.809
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    Keywords: Hunger Hungersnot ; Sterblichkeit ; Nahrungsmittelversorgung ; Sozialpolitik ; Deutschland ; Äthiopien ; Afrika ; Somalia ; Sudan ; China ; Indien ; Mali ; Krieg und Gesellschaft ; Globalisierung
    Abstract: The world almost conquered famine. Until the 1980s, this scourge killed ten million people every decade, but by early 2000s mass starvation had all but disappeared. Today, famines are resurgent, driven by war, blockade, hostility to humanitarian principles and a volatile global economy. In Mass Starvation, world-renowned expert on humanitarian crisis and response Alex de Waal provides an authoritative history of modern famines: their causes, dimensions and why they ended. He analyses starvation as a crime, and breaks new ground in examining forced starvation as an instrument of genocide and war. Refuting the enduring but erroneous view that attributes famine to overpopulation and natural disaster, he shows how political decision or political failing is an essential element in every famine, while the spread of democracy and human rights, and the ending of wars, were major factors in the near-ending of this devastating phenomenon. Hard-hitting and deeply informed, Mass Starvation explains why man-made famine and the political decisions that could end it for good must once again become a top priority for the international community.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface and Acknowledgements -- Part I: Perspectives on Famine and Starvation Chapter 1: An Unacknowledged Achievement Chapter -- 2: Famines as Atrocities Chapter -- 3: Malthus s Zombie Chapter -- 4: A Short History of Modern Famines -- Part II: How Famines Were Almost Eliminated Chapter 5: Demography, Economics, Public Health Chapter -- 6: Politics, War, Genocide Chapter -- 7: The Humanitarian International Chapter -- 8: Ethiopia: No Longer the Land of Famine -- Part III: The Persistence and Return of Famines Chapter 9: The Famine that isn t Coming Chapter -- 10: The New Atrocity Famines Chapter -- 11: Mass Starvation in the Future -- Notes -- References -- Index
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 218 - 240
    URL: Cover
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  • 31
    Book
    Book
    Stanford, CA : Stanford University Press
    ISBN: 978-1-5036-0649-4 , 978-1-5036-0540-4 , 978-1-5036-0650-0 /eBook
    Language: English
    Pages: xii, 178 Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    DDC: 325.45
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    Keywords: Italien Administration ; Recht, modernes ; Flüchtling ; Bürgerrecht ; Migration ; Migration, illegale ; Integration ; Beziehungen zwischen den Generationen
    Abstract: Whether motivated by humanitarianism or concern over "porous" borders, dominant commentary on migration in Europe has consistently focused on clandestine border crossings. Much less, however, is known about the everyday workings of immigration law inside borders. Drawing on in-depth ethnographic fieldwork in Italy, one of Europe's biggest receiving countries, Rules, Paper, Status moves away from polarized depictions to reveal how migration processes actually play out on the ground. Anna Tuckett highlights the complex processes of inclusion and exclusion produced through encounters with immigration law. The statuses of "legal" or "illegal," which media and political accounts use as synonyms for "good" and "bad," "worthy" and "unworthy," are not created by practices of border-crossing, but rather through legal and bureaucratic processes within borders devised by governing states. Taking migrants' interactions with immigration regimes as its starting point, this book sheds light on the productive nature of legal and bureaucratic encounters and the unintended consequences they produce. Rules, Paper, Status argues that successfully navigating Italian immigration bureaucracy, which is situated in an immigration regime that is both exclusionary and flexible, requires and induces culturally specific modes of behavior. Exclusionary laws, however, can transform this social and cultural learning into the very thing that endangers migrants' right to live in the country.
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgements -- Glossary -- Introduction -- 1 The Center -- 2 Working the Gap: Migrants' Navigation of Immigration Bureaucracy -- 3 The Rules of Rule-Bending -- 4 Becoming an Immigration Adviser: Self-Fashioning through Bureaucratic Practice -- 5 Disjuncture in the Documentation Regime: The Second Generation's Challenge to Citizenship Law -- 6 Stepping-Stone Destinations: Migration and Disappointment -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 163 - 173; "Sections of revised material in this book appeared in articles published in Focaal and Critique of Anthropology" (Acknowledgements)
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  • 32
    ISBN: 978-1-78699-431-8 , 978-1-78699-430-1 , 1-78699-430-5 , 1-78699-431-3
    Language: English
    Pages: xxiv, 273 Seiten , Diagramme, Karten
    Series Statement: African Arguments
    DDC: 323.04202854678
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    Keywords: Kenia Digitale Medien ; Demokratie ; Politik ; Regierung ; Internet ; Soziale Medien ; Technologie, moderne ; Kommunikation ; Innovation ; Kulturwandel
    Abstract: From the upheavals of recent national elections to the success of the #MyDressMyChoice feminist movement, digital platforms have already had a dramatic impact on political life in Kenya - one of the most electronically advanced countries in sub-Saharan Africa. While the impact of the Digital Age on Western politics has been extensively debated, there is still little appreciation of how it has been felt in developing countries such as Kenya, where Twitter, Facebook, WhatsApp and other online platforms are increasingly a part of everyday life. Written by a respected Kenyan activist and researcher at the forefront of political online struggles, this book presents a unique contribution to the debate on digital democracy. For traditionally marginalised groups, particularly women and the disabled, digital spaces have allowed Kenyans to build new communities which transcend old ethnic and gender divisions. But the picture is far from wholly positive. Digital Democracy, Analogue Politics explores the drastic efforts being made by elites to contain online activism, as well as how `fake news', a failed digital vote-counting system and the incumbent president's recruitment of Cambridge Analytica contributed to tensions around the 2017 elections. Reframing digital democracy from the African perspective, Nyabola's ground-breaking work opens up new ways of understanding our current global online era.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Introduction -- Part I: Analogue politics -- 1. 2007: the violent origins of Kenya's digital decade -- 2. Avatars in the square: the orising the Kenyan public sphere -- 3. Collision course: where analogue meets digital -- 4. Rattling the snake without getting bitten: new media usurping traditional media in Kenya -- Part II: Digital democracy? -- 5. An African country in the digital age: the making and uses of #KOT -- 6. Redefining community: the politics of public performances of empathy -- 7. Women at work: Kenyan feminist organising on social media -- 8. Politics, predators and profit: ethnicity, hate speech and digital colonialism -- Part III: History not learned from -- 9. 2017: the most expensive election
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 231-259
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  • 33
    ISBN: 978-1-84904-884-2
    Language: English
    Pages: XVI, 529 Seiten
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    Keywords: Nigeria Tschad ; Republik Niger ; Kamerun ; Taliban ; Islam ; Islam und Politik ; Terrorismus ; Quelle
    Abstract: An indispensable treasure trove of documentary evidence accounting for the rise of Boko Haram and the internal splits that emerged along the way.
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 511-515
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  • 34
    Book
    Book
    London : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
    ISBN: 978-1-138-91733-0 , 978-1-315-68906-7/eBook
    Language: English
    Pages: XXI, 484 Seiten , Illustrationen
    DDC: 303.48/2605
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    Keywords: Beziehungen Afrika-Asien Afrika ; Asien ; Außenpolitik ; Politik ; Wirtschaftlicher Aspekt ; Kolonialismus ; Postkolonialismus ; Sicherheit ; Migration ; Handbuch ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Introduction: Part I. Africa and Asia Early Contacts From early colonialism 1. Africa and Asia diaspora: Reconstructing a Neglected History - Samuel Ojo Oloruntoba and Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni 2. Iberian trade and slave connections - Daniel Domigues da Silva Late colonialism 3. Lost and Found: Sovereignties and State Formations in Africa and Asia - Kwame Nimako 4. South Asian Muslims in East Africa - Iqbal S. Akhtar Postcolonial interactions 5. Religion and Development in Africa and Asia - Jorg Haustein and Emma Tomalin 6. Nationalism in Africa and Asia - Christopher J. Lee Part II. Asia-Africa Modern Interactions Diplomatic and political exchanges. 7. The Discourse of Datsu-A Ron: Japan and Africa in the Network of Modern History and Contemporary Politics - Kweku Ampiah 8. The Role of Aid in South Korea's Relations with Africa during the Cold War - Hyo-sook Kim 9. Asia-Africa Political and Diplomatic Interactions: 1970-1990 - Sanjukta Bhattacharya 10. From Bandung to BRICS: Afro-Asian Relations in the 21st Century - Seifudein Adem and Darryl Thomas Political-economic connections 11. Africa's rising commodity export dependency on China - Alicia Garcia-Herrero and Carlos Casanova 12. Bridging Asia with Africa: The case of Malaysia - Evelyn S. Devadason and VGR Chandran Govindaraju 13. Navigating the `One China' Policy: South Africa, Taiwan and China - Yejoo Kim and Ross Anthony Societal-level interactions 14. Africa-Asia relations in Academic Network Formation - Takuo Iwata 15. Dreaming Afrasia: An Essay on Afro-Asian Relations in Space-Time Perspectives - Yoichi Mine 16. The Role of Islam in Forging Linkages between Africa and Asia from the 1970s: The Case of Islamic Relief and Development Support - Mayke Kaag 17. Civil Society and the Rise of NGOs in Africa and Asia Parallel Trajectories? - David M. Potter 18. Education and Gender in the Global South: Inadequate Policy Environment at the Confluence - Emefa Juliet Takyi-Amoako Part III. Africa-Asia Contemporary Relations Economic and development cooperation 19. BRICS in Africa and Human Rights - Ian Taylor 20. Contemporary Sino-Africa Relations - Chun Zhang 21. Asia in Lusophone Africa - Carmen Amado Mendes 22. Africa-Asia Regional Partnerships and South-South Development Cooperation - Annette Skovsted Hansen 23. Asia and Africa and Post 2015 Development Agenda - Shalini Chawla Security and governance 24. Religions, (In) security in Africa and Asia - Jeffrey Haynes 25. The Land-Water-Food-Energy Nexus: Green and Blue Water Dynamics in Contemporary Africa-Asia Relations - Larry Swatuk 26. Developments in European Union-Africa Relations and their Implications for Asia - Laura C. Ferreira-Pereira and Alena Vysotskaya Vieira Migration, environment and politics 27. Migration and Global Politics in Africa and Asia: Patterns and Drivers of Change Throughout Time - Pedro Amakasu Raposo Carvalho 28. Asian Stakes In Africa's Natural Resources Industries And Prospects For Sustainable Development - Thomas Feldhoff 29. New Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons - Pablo Shiladitya Bose Conclusion: Africa-Asia / Asia-Africa Relations: Continuity and Change
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  • 35
    Book
    Book
    Cambridge : Polity Press
    ISBN: 978-1-5095-2261-3 , 978-1-5095-2260-6 , 978-1-5095-2264-4 /eBook
    Language: English
    Pages: vii, 206 Seiten , Illustrationen
    DDC: 303.48/4
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    Keywords: Islam Islamisierung ; Fundamentalismus, islamischer ; Radikalisierung ; Jihad ; Terrorismus ; Gewalt ; Soziale Medien ; Werbung ; London ; Paris
    Abstract: From Paris to San Bernardino, Barcelona to Manchester, home-grown terrorism is among the most urgent challenges confronting Western nations. Attempts to understand jihadism have typically treated it as a form of political violence or religious conflict. However, the closer we get to the actual people involved in radicalization, the more problematic these explanations become.In this fascinating book, Kevin McDonald shows that the term radicalization unifies what are in fact very different experiences. These new violent actors, whether they travelled to Syria or killed at home, range from former drug dealers and gang members to students and professionals, mothers with young children and schoolgirls. This innovative book sets out to explore radicalization not as something done to people but as something produced by active participants, attempting to make sense of themselves and their world. In doing so, McDonald offers powerful portraits of the immersive worlds of social media so fundamental to present-day radicalization.Radicalization offers a bold new way of understanding the contemporary allure of jihad and, in the process, important directions in responding to it.
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgements -- 1. Rethinking Radicalization -- 2. Distant Suffering -- 3. DIY Religion: Hidden Worlds, from Fear to Bliss -- 4. Mediating Violence: Filming the Self -- 5. From Drug Dealer to Jihadist -- 6. The Gamification of Jihad: the Cyber Caliphate -- 7. My Concern is Me -- 8. Radicalization: Experience, Embodiment and Imagination -- References -- Index
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 191 - 197
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  • 36
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (305 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2015
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Ethnizität ; sozialer Konflikt ; politische Gewalt ; Bürgerkrieg ; Kultur ; Bilder ; Nordirland ; ethnicity ; social conflict ; political violence ; civil war ; culture ; images ; Northern Ireland ; Soziologie, Anthropologie
    Abstract: Diese Dissertation vereint Theorien ethnischer Gruppen und Grenzen (M. Weber, F. Barth, A.D. Smith, A. Wimmer, R. Brubaker, M. Lamont, V. Molnár, C. Tilly) mit den Macht- und Konflikttheorien von H. Popitz und R.V. Gould sowie der cultural sociology J.C. Alexanders in einer Performanztheorie gewalttätiger ethnischer Gruppenkonflikte. Mit Hilfe dieser theoretischen Konzeption gelingt es, anhand einer empirischen Verlaufsanalyse des Nordirlandkonflikts (1966–2013) eine Erklärung für dessen lange Dauer und spätere Transformation in einen gewaltfreien Konflikt zu geben. Der Verlauf der Gewalthandlungen (soziale Grenzen) wird in Beziehung gesetzt zu den zeitlichen Wandlungen der zentralen visuellen Propagandamedien der Akteure (symbolische Grenzen), den Murals in den Hochburgen der Republikaner und Loyalisten. Die Bilder (als nachträgliche Bühnenbilder) entzogen ab den frühen 1980ern auf Seiten der Republikaner (PIRA) die Anwendung von Gewalt der Logik eines Kampfes um "bindende Aktionsmacht" (Popitz). Die Gewalttätigkeiten konnten daher trotz der sich damals abzeichnenden Pattsituation fortgesetzt werden. Paradoxer Weise legten diese frühen Murals zugleich den Grundstein für die spätere Transformation des Konflikts gerade dadurch, dass sie Gewalt nicht mehr als Mittel zum Zweck legitimierten, sondern zu etwas relativ 'Beliebigem' stilisierten. Auf loyalistischer Seite (UDA, UVF) kam es zeitgleich zu vergleichsweise größeren Brüchen auf visuell-symbolischer Ebene. In Vergleich zu den republikanischen Murals zeichneten sich die der Loyalisten nicht durch eine relativ geradlinige und einheitliche Entwicklung aus, sondern durch eine Diversifikation der Motive und die Suche nach (neuen) Symbolen, die die eigene Gruppe neu begründen und einen konnten. Die Möglichkeit zur Konfliktfortsetzung und -transformation wurzelte hier nicht in einem systematischen symbolischen Wandel, sondern in einem patchwork divergierender (alter und neuer) Selbstverständnisse.
    Abstract: This doctoral thesis develops a performance theory of violent ethnic group conflicts by combining theories of ethnicity and boundaries (M. Weber, F. Barth, A.D. Smith, A. Wimmer, R. Brubaker, M. Lamont, V. Molnár, C. Tilly) with theories of power and violent conflicts (H. Popitz, R.V. Gould) and the cultural sociology of J.C. Alexander. This theoretical framework is applied on the Northern Ireland conflict (1966–2013). The result is an explanation for its long duration and later transformation into a non-violent one (peace process). The empirical analysis traces the relations between social and symbolic boundaries throughout the conflict. The development of social boundaries is reconstructed through an analysis of violent events during the conflict, the development of symbolic boundaries is reconstructed based on the central visual means of political communication used by the protagonists of the conflict, i.e. the murals painted in republican and loyalist strongholds. The development of murals (understood as belated stage settings) is interpreted in the context of the course of the violent conflict. In the early 1980s – a stalemate had developed on the level of social boundaries – the murals on the republican side (PIRA) transformed the meaning of violence: It was disconnected from an instrumental logic. Paradoxically, this transformation enabled at the same time the continuation of the violent conflict as well as its later transformation into a non-violent one. The loyalist murals (UDA, UVF) – compared to the republican ones – were characterized by ruptures and a lack of a coherent development. They exhibited a diversification of themes and a search for new (re-)uniting collective symbols. They did not enable the continuation and transformation of the conflict through systematic symbolic changes, but through the emergence of a patchwork of diverse (old and new) collective symbols and 'identities'.
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  • 37
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (230 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2016
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; ethnische Gruppen ; Staatsbürgerschaft ; Kolonialität ; Nationalstaat ; ethnic groups ; citizenship ; coloniality ; nation-state ; Soziologie, Anthropologie
    Abstract: Diese Dissertation befasst sich mit dem oft vernachlässigten Problem ethnischer Gruppen, die eine Delegitimierung ihrer Staatsbürgerschaft erfahren haben. Sie gelten nicht als „richtige“ Staatsbürger eines Nationalstaates, da sie nicht der ethnischen Definition der Nation entsprechen. Staatsbürgerschaft entsteht im Zuge der Bildung von Nationalstaaten in einem modernen Weltsystem, das nach wie vor kolonial geprägt ist. Die Legitimität dieser globalen kolonialen Idee des Nationalstaates basierte auf dem kulturellen Konzept einer Nation; der Illusion einer homogenen gemeinsamen Vergangenheit, gemeinsamer Gebräuche und einer gemeinsamen Sprache, in der Unterschiede unterdrückt werden. Auf diesem Modell basiert die Idee eines legitimen Bürgers. Illegitime Staatsbürgerschaft ist eine andere Art und Weise, eine koloniale Staatsbürgerschaft zu benennen, die in ein eurozentrisches, patriarchalisch/weiß und christlich zentriertes Weltsystem eingebettet ist. Staatsbürgerschaft ist ein Konzept, das sich auf Individuen bezieht. Durch Rassializierung und Ethnisierung wird dem Mensch seine Individualität genommen. Der rassifizierte -illegitime Bürger wird stets als Teil einer Gruppe beschrieben; die "Einwanderer", die "Muslime", die "Indigenen", die "Inder des Nordostens". Sie werden nie als autonomes individuelles Subjekt beschrieben. Diese Individualität ist den weißen europäischen oder europäischen Nachkommen vorbehalten und wird als "weißes Privileg" bezeichnet. Diese Dissertation beschreibt, wie ähnlich die illegitime Staatsbürgerschaft in zwei unterschiedlichen Ländern empirisch operiert, die beide eine koloniale, untergeordnete Position im Weltsystem einnehmen. Die untersuchten Gruppen – die Mapuche in Chile und die Menschen im Nordosten Indiens – leiden unter einer doppelten Kolonialisierung. Zum einen aufgrund der Position von Chile und Indien im Weltsystem, zum anderen bezüglich der geringen Wertschätzung innerhalb des Nationalstaates.
    Abstract: This thesis tackles the commonly overlooked issue of ethnic groups that have suffered a delegetimization of their citizenship. They are not considered as the ideal citizens of a nation-state because they do not conform ethnically to the definition of the nation. Citizenship emerges with the formation of the nation-state in a modern world system characterized by a still operating coloniality. The legitimacy of this global colonial idea of nation-state was based on the cultural concept of a nation; an illusion of a homogenous shared past, customs and language where differences were suppressed. This is the common pattern of nation-state formation and the rise of the idea of a legitimate citizen. Illegitimate citizenship is another way of naming a colonial citizenship inserted in a Eurocentric patriarchal/white and Christian-centered world-system. Citizenship is a concept referring to individuals, however, and when it is racialized or ethnicized, the individuality of the person is taken away. The racialized citizen, the illegitimate citizen is always described as part of a group; the “immigrants”, the “Muslims”, the “indigenous”, the “northeastern Indians”. They are never described as an autonomous individual subject. This individuality is reserved for white European or European- descendant people and has been coined as “white privilege”. This research describes how illegitimate citizenship empirically operates in a very similar way in two ethnic groups within two different countries that have in common a colonial subordinated position in the world system. Therefore, Mapuches in Chile and Northeastern Indians suffer a double colonization in two different scales; one regarding the position of Chile and India in the world-system and one regarding their own position within the nation-state.
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  • 38
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (155 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2017
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; soziale Ungleichheit ; ökonomische Ungleichheit ; symbolische Gewalt ; Neo-Liberalismus ; Japan ; Social Inequality ; Economic Disparity ; Symbolic Violence ; Neo-liberalism ; Japan ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Diese Dissertation demonstriert, inwiefern historisch gewachsene Strukturen sozialer Hierarchie in einer Gemeinschaft aufrechterhalten werden, während sie zugleich unterschiedliche legalisierende Rechtfertigungen und rechtlich vertretbare Erscheinungsbilder angenommen haben. Im ersten Kapitel zeige ich, dass das zeitgenössische egalitäre Prinzip der Chancengleichheit (FEO) und seine Anwendung, im Zusammenspiel mit Meritokratie, dazu führt, dass aufgrund sozialer Hierarchien existierende Unterschiede über die Zeit hinweg in politisch legitimierbare sozioökonomische Ungleichheiten übersetzt werden. Ich nähere mich dem zugrunde liegenden Mechanismus der weiterbestehenden Ungleichheit durch die Verwendung von Bourdieus Theorie der symbolischen Herrschaft und Gewalt. Er erklärt, dass auf der Grundlage der Meritokratie individuelle soziale Positionen als direkte Folgen individueller Leistungen missverstanden werden und so die Existenz sozialer Ungleichheit gerechtfertigt wird. Der Glaube an fairen sozialen Wettbewerb kann demnach dazu beitragen, existierende Strukturen sozialer Hierarchien hinter der Logik von Gleichheit und Freiheit zu verdecken. Ein Fischerdof in Japan stellt die empirische Grundlage meiner Thesis dar. Die alles überspannende Forschungsfrage lautet: Ist das Konzept vom Leben, eingebettet in FEO internalisiert und wird es von Individuen befolgt, um die existierenden Strukturen sozialer Ungleichheit der Gesellschaft zu bewahren, in der sie leben? Meine empirische Studie zeigt, dass die schon in der feudalen Ära mächtigsten Familien auch jetzt die höchsten sozialen Positionen innerhalb des Gemeinschaftsbildungsprojekts innehaben. Zudem verkennen sowohl die mächtigsten als auch die marginalisiertesten Bewohner des Dorfes ihre soziale Position innerhalb der Gemeinschaft als direkte Resultate ihres individuellen Handelns und ihrer daraus entstehenden Leistungen, haben dabei aber keinerlei bewusste Intention die feudale Machthierarchie aufrecht zu erhalten.
    Abstract: This doctoral research demonstrates how the structures of social hierarchy of the past have been perpetuated while acquiring different justifications and appearances in a legally justifiable manner. In the first chapter, I demonstrate that the commonly used egalitarian principle in today’s society, namely Fair Equality of Opportunity, hand in hand with meritocracy, functions as a translator of the existing structures of social hierarchy into politically justifiable disparities between individuals. I approach the un-derlying mechanism of persisting inequality by using the theory of symbolic domination proposed by Pierre Bourdieu. He explains that the existence of social inequality is justified because individual social positions are misrecognised as being the direct results of individual achievements via meritocracy. Widespread belief in fair social competition can thus contribute to concealing existing structures of social hierarchy behind the logic of equality and freedom. My thesis is empirically based on a rural fishing village in Japan. The overarching research question is: Is a concept of life as being the direct result of personal achievements internalised and acted upon by individuals to perpetuate the existing structure of social inequality in the society in which they live? My empirical study shows that the families that were powerful during the feudal era now occupy the highest social positions in the community-building project. Furthermore, both the powerful and the marginalised members of the local society accept their social positions in the community as being the direct results of their own individual achievements, without any conscious intention to perpetuate the feudal hierarchy of power. Given these affirmative answers to my research question, hermeneutically, I establish the explanatory power of my theoretical framework.
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  • 39
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (183 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2017
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; soziale Innovationen ; Bildung ; Brasilien ; Innovation ; Zivilgesellschaft ; Social Innovations ; Education ; Brazil ; Innovation ; Civil Society ; Innovaciones sociales ; Educación ; Brasil ; Innovación ; Sociedad Civil ; Soziologie, Anthropologie
    Abstract: Neue Verfahren, neue Organisationen oder neue Formen des Denkens sind alles Arten der Innovation. Trotz einer beschleunigten Verstärkung des Aufwands für Bildung in Brasilien startend in 2005 sind soziale Innovationen nur in Form von Bildungsinitiativen von kommunitären und Nichtregierungs-Organisationen (NGO) weit über das Land verteilt. In dieser Arbeit wird untersucht, inwieweit Bildungsinnovationen in Brasilien auf diese Vernachlässigung durch den Staat reagieren und welche Akteure Innovationen auf lokaler Ebene unterstützen. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit wird dabei der Rolle der Lehrer in Sozialinnovationen gewidmet. Durch einen historischem Ansatz wird in dieser Arbeit die Beziehung von Sozialinnovationen und großen radikalen Umbrüchen, Sozialbewegungen und Reformen in Brasilien beobachtet. Durch Nutzung von Interviews und Fokusgruppen werden zwei Fallstudien in São Paulo analysiert: eine an einer Schule am Stadtrand und eine in einer NGO im Stadtzentrum. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass durch Innovationen neue Regeln und Verfahren eingeführt werden, die ein Subystem erzeugen, das die lokalen Machtverhältnisse verändert. Die NGO hat neue Verbindungen zwischen Schulen, privaten Akteuren, NGOs und der Kommunalverwaltung hergestellt und mit sozialen Netzwerken basierend auf Bildung und Kunst gearbeitet. die Schule hat ein neues Modell eingeführt bei dem Schule und Gemeinschaft zusammen die gemeinsamen Probleme von Unsicherheit und Bildung lösen. Sozialinnovationen umfassen die dringendsten Probleme in einer Gemeinschaft, die nicht auf ein Feld beschränkt sein müssen. Diese Forschung trägt zum besseren Verständnis von Sozialinnovationen, mit Fokus auf Brasilien, in den Sozialwissenschaften und in der Politikwissenschaft bei.
    Abstract: New methods, new organizations or new forms of thinking are all forms of innovation. Despite the increased spending on education in Brazil from 2005 onwards, social innovations have only spread in the country in the form of community participation and non-governmental organization’s initiatives for education. This study investigates to what extent innovations in education in Brazil respond to omissions on the part of the state and the drivers that foster innovation at a local level. Particular attention is devoted to the role of teachers in social innovation. Through a historical approach this study observes the relationship between social innovation and major radical changes, social movements and reforms in Brazil. Drawing on semi-structured interviews and focus groups, two case studies in São Paulo were analysed: one in a school in the urban periphery of the city and an NGO in the city centre. The findings suggest that innovations introduce new rules and practices, creating a subsystem which modifies local relations of power. The NGO established new relations between schools, private actors, NGOs and local government and worked with social networks through education and art. The school implemented a new model that brought the school and community together to solve common problems of insecurity and education. Social innovations embrace the most urgent needs in a community, which are not limited to one field. This research contributes to sociology and political science for a better understanding of social innovations and community participation, specifically in the Brazilian context.
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  • 40
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (301 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III 2015
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Generationen ; Argentinien ; kollektives Gedächtnis ; Erzählungen ; Chile ; Argentina ; Generations ; Narratives ; Collective Memories ; Chile ; Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie
    Abstract: Die Dissertation zielt darauf ab zu verstehen, wie Individuen ihre Biografie mit vergangenen und gegenwärtigen kollektiven Ereignissen verknüpfen. Mithilfe des Konzepts der generationellen Erzählung werden die Lebensgeschichten von Personen, die nach dramatischen, von politischer Gewalt gekennzeichneten Zeiträumen in Chile und Argentinien geboren wurden, untersucht. Generationelle ‚stories’ in zwei Ländern werden recherchiert, um die verschiedenen politischen Entwicklungen, wirtschaftliche Divergenzen und kulturelle Unterschiede zu verdeutlichen. Die Dissertation zeigt, wie die kollektiven Gedächtnisse und Vergangenheitsbewältigungen der Diktaturen mit neoliberalen Wirtschaftsreformen, politischer Polarisierung und sozialen Bewegungen verstrickt sind. Jede ‚generationelle Lage’ bietet einen Plot (Erzählform), der vergangene Ereignisse und die Bedeutungszuschreibung der aktuelle Umstände umfasst. Die Arbeit beleuchtet Maurice Halbwachs Begriff ‚The living bond of Generations’, i.e.– die Verbindung von Vergangenheit und Gegenwart durch generationelle Beziehungen, Gedächtnisse und Narrative.
    Abstract: This dissertation aims to understand how people connect their biographies with historical and recent collective events. Through the concept of generational narratives, life-stories of individuals born after dramatic periods of political violence in Argentina and Chile, are examined. By recounting two generations’ stories in two post-dictatorial countries, political paths, economic divergences, and cultural differences are disclosed. In these contexts, collective memories of and processes of coming to terms with those difficult pasts are entangled in periods of neoliberal economic transformation, political polarization as well as youth mobilization. Every ‘generational site’ brings to the fore a narrative plot which encompasses past events and present processes of meaning attribution. The investigation shed lights on Maurice Halbwachs’ notion of ‘the living bond of generations’, i.e., how past and present times are lively connected through generational bonds, memories and stories.
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  • 41
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (382 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2017
    DDC: 306
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Ziviler Ungehorsam ; politische Theorie ; Widerstand ; Hannah Arendt ; Hacktivismus ; Hacker ; Anonymous ; civil disobedience ; political theory ; resistance ; Hannah Arendt ; Hacktivism ; Hacker ; Anonymous ; Kultur und Institutionen
    Abstract: Diese Arbeit verbindet zwei Perspektiven, nämlich den Blick auf die soziale Praxis des digitalen Ungehorsams mit dem anhaltenden Diskurs über zivilen Ungehorsam in der politischen Theorie. Digitaler Ungehorsam entwickelte sich im Verlauf der Evolution digitaler Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien in überraschendem Facettenreichtum: vom BTX Hack des Chaos Computer Clubs über den Widerstand der Cypherpunks für die weltweite Verbreitung von Verschlüsselung hin zu Anonymous, Aaron Swartz und Edward Snowden. Reload Disobedience plädiert für eine Revision des dominierenden Verständnisses von zivilem Ungehorsam und stützt sich dabei auf Theorien von Hannah Arendt, Michael Walzer und Etienne Balibar. Viele Beispiele in der Geschichte des digitalen Ungehorsams werden diesem neuen Verständnis durchaus gerecht, doch gibt es gleichzeitig Faktoren, die weitere Fragen aufwerfen: Kann ziviler Ungehorsam anonym sein oder automatisiert durchgeführt werden? Wie verändert sich das kollektive Handeln, das maßgeblicher Teil der Tradition zivilen Ungehorsames ist, durch die globale Vernetzung? Um diese und andere Effekte digitalen Handelns zu verstehen, diskutiert die Autorin die Entscheidungen der digital Ungehorsamen sowie Möglichkeiten und Grenzen digitalen Handelns im Kontext demokratie-theoretischer Überlegungen. Eine Kernthese der Arbeit ist, dass ziviler Ungehorsam in digitalen Formen potentiell eine neue Direktheit des Politischen erzeugen kann. Gleichzeitig muss sich diese Praxis einer besonderen Unsicherheit sowie neuen Risiken und Herausforderungen stellen, um dem demokratischen Geist des zivilen Ungehorsams unter neuen Bedingungen gerecht zu werden.
    Abstract: This work combines two perspectives, namely the social and activist history of digital forms of disobedience with the ongoing discourse around civil disobedience in political theory. In the course of the internet’s evolution, digital disobedience developed in a surprisingly multifaceted nature: From cases like the BTX Hack of the Chaos Computer Club, to the Cypherpunks and their effort to spread encryption, from Anonymous to Aaron Swartz or Edward Snowden. This work argues for a broader understanding of civil disobedience than the mainstream in political thinking suggests based on arguments from a radical democratic line of thinking, inspired by Hannah Arendt, Michael Walzer and Etienne Balibar. Many cases of digital disobedience meet the spirit of this new understanding, while at the same time their digital nature provokes a new set of questions as well. For instance the question, if civil disobedience may be anonymous or even automated. How does the internet change collective action which is often seen as a core element of the tradition of civil disobedience? The author discusses the choices and principles behind digitally disobedient action as well as the possibilities and limits of digital action in the context of democratic theory. She shows that civil disobedience in digital action even develops a new directness of encounter that adds a new potential to this delicate form of political action. Nevertheless, digital practices of civil disobedience are at the same time precarious and faced with new risks and challenges, like automation of and the risk of elitist tech-avant-gardes overriding the democratic spirit that civil disobedience is rooted in.
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  • 42
    ISBN: 978-2-35992-044-4
    Language: French
    Pages: 489 Seiten , Illlustrationen, Karten
    DDC: 306
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    Keywords: Westsahara Nordafrika ; Mali ; Algerien ; Mauretanien ; Marokko ; Politik ; Kultur ; Kultur und Politik ; Regierung ; Konflikt ; Politischer Wandel ; Kunst ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: La région ouest-saharienne est aujourd'hui souvent décrite comme un espace d'instabilité politique "endémique" : sécession du Nord Mali en 2012 et renversement d'Amadou Toumani Touré, regain de tensions au Sahara Occidental où l'irrésolution du conflit s'éternise, mouvements et figures d'émancipation en Mauritanie qui dénoncent le rôle des élites politiques et religieuses dans la reproduction d'un ordre social foncièrement inégalitaire. Partant d'enquêtes de terrain récentes, cet ouvrage offre une analyse inédite de la façon dont les changements politiques actuels dans la régions s'opèrent dans des univers culturels définis, examine comment les pratiques du pouvoir se redessinent avec l'émergence de nouveaux acteurs et de nouvelles technologies de communication, dévoile l'importance de l'argument culturel et des productions artistiques dans les luttes collectives. Dans une région où l'accès au terrain est souvent complexe à négocier, cet ouvrage offre de nouvelles approches des dynamiques sociopolitiques à l'uvre, proposés par une nouvelle génération internationale de chercheurs se situant au croisement de l'anthropologie, de l'histoire, de la science politique et des études littéraires.
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  • 43
    Book
    Book
    Athens, OH : Ohio University Press
    ISBN: 978-0-8214-2289-2 , 978-0-8214-2288-5 , 978-0-8214-4613-3 /pdf
    Language: English
    Pages: xv, 232 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: New African Histories
    DDC: 381.309667
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    Keywords: Ghana Konsum ; Handel ; Markt ; Marktfrau ; Geschichte ; Kulturgeschichte ; Wirtschaftlicher Aspekt ; Wirtschaftlicher Wandel
    Abstract: In Market Encounters, Bianca Murillo explores the shifting social terrains that made the buying and selling of goods in modern Ghana possible. Fusing economic and business history with social and cultural history, she traces the evolution of consumerism in the colonial Gold Coast and independent Ghana from the late nineteenth century through the state violence of the 1970s, in a work of depth and interdisciplinary finesse. Murillo brings shop floor sales clerks, market women, and everyday consumers in Ghana to the center of a story that is all too often told in sweeping metanarratives about what happens to Africans when they are incorporated into global markets. In foregrounding people over objects, Market Encounters is a refreshing departure from the conventional focus on the social meaning of things. By emphasizing the centrality of human relationships to Ghana's economic past, Murillo introduces a radical rethinking of consumption studies from an African-centered perspective. The result is a keen look at colonial capitalism in all of its intricacies, legacies, and contradictions, including its entanglement with gender and race.In Market Encounters, Bianca Murillo explores the shifting social terrains that made the buying and selling of goods in modern Ghana possible. Fusing economic and business history with social and cultural history, she traces the evolution of consumerism in the colonial Gold Coast and independent Ghana from the late nineteenth century through to the political turmoil of the 1970s. Murillo brings sales clerks, market women, and everyday consumers in Ghana to the center of a story that is all too often told in sweeping metanarratives about what happens when African businesses are incorporated into global markets. By emphasizing the centrality of human relationships to Ghana's economic past, Murillo introduces a radical rethinking of consumption studies from an Africa-centered perspective. The result is a keen look at colonial capitalism in all of its intricacies, legacies, and contradictions, including its entanglement with gender and race.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: Consuming histories and creating economies -- A door "wide open" imagining Gold Coast markets -- "We cannot afford to be fooled." African intermediaries on shifting commercial terrain -- "In time for independence." Kingsway Department Store, modernity, and the new nation -- "Shop window on the world." Ghana's first international trade fair and the politics of wealth and accumulation -- "Power to the people." Militarization of the market and the war against profiteers -- Afterword: From structural adjustment to shopping malls.
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 205 - 220
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  • 44
    Book
    Book
    Boulder : University Press of Colorado
    ISBN: 978-1-60732-665-6 , 978-1-60732-630-4 , 978-1-60732-631-1
    Language: English
    Pages: viii, 361 Seiten , Illustrationen
    DDC: 302.3/5
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    Keywords: Neoliberalismus Gewerkschaft ; Organisationsethnologie ; Arbeit ; Industrie ; Ethnologie ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Fallstudiensammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Fallstudiensammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Fallstudiensammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: "The first-ever collection of labor anthropology from around the world, Uncertain Times addresses the theory that traditional labor union organization has been co-opted by the neoliberal policies of corporate capital and become a member service rather than a driver of social movements"--Provided by publisher
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: Hope for Labor in a Neoliberal World -- 1. Anthropologists, Activists, and the Labor Movement -- Industry -- 2. The Gift of Labor: The Town, the Union, and the Corporate State in the Demise of the Swedish Car Industry -- 3. Trade Unions, Labor Conflict, and Contested Institutions in the Swiss Construction Industry -- 4. Union Power and Transnational Corporations in the Argentine Steel Industry -- 5. Agents of Change or Status Quo? Labor NGOs in South China -- 6. Labor Struggles in the Shipbuilding Industry of Piraeus -- 7. The Struggle for Labor Rights in the Maquiladoras of Northern Mexico -- Agriculture -- 8. Growers, Unions, and Farm Laborers in Mexico's Baja California -- 9. Policies, Economic Forces, Class Relations, and Unions in Spain's Strawberry Fields -- Retail and Service -- 10. Subcontracted Employment and the Labor Movement's Response in Turkey -- 11. Organized Labor in Contemporary Israeli Retail Chains -- 12. National Unions, International Capital, and Bank Workers -- Conclusion: Is There Hope in the Neoliberal World of Labor? -- Notes on the Authors -- Index
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  • 45
    ISBN: 978-0-7456-7252-6 , 0-7456-7252-3 , 0-7456-7251-5
    Language: English
    Pages: xvii, 252 Seiten , Illustrationen
    DDC: 323.11
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    Keywords: Beziehungen Indigenes Volk-Regierung Indigenität ; Kolonisierung ; Kolonialismus ; Ethnizität ; Selbstbestimmung ; Enteignung ; Gewalt ; Recht ; Landnutzung ; Umwelt ; Menschenrecht ; Entwicklung
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seiten 198-236
    URL: Cover
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  • 46
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    Book
    London : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
    ISBN: 978-1-138-20856-8
    Language: English
    Pages: X, 118 Seiten , Illustrationen
    DDC: 306.096
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    Keywords: Afrika Kultur und Gesellschaft ; Identität ; Ethnizität ; Kosmopolitismus ; Pan-Afrikanismus ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: This edited collection comprises an original and activist group of contributions on that much maligned figure, the Afropolitan. The contributors do not aim to define or fix the term anew; the reboot is, instead, the beginnings of an activist scholarly agenda in which `the Afropolitan` is reimagined to include the stealthy figure crossing the Mediterranean by boat, and the Somali shopkeeper in a South African township. In their pieces included here, the authors insist on the need to ask questions about the inclusion of such globally mobile Africans in any theorisations of the transnational circuits we call Afropolitan. This collection, from some of the foremost voices on Afropolitanism, invigorates anew the debate, and reboots understandings of who the Afropolitan is, the many places he calls his origin, and the multiple places she comes to call home in the world.
    Note: The chapters in this book were originally published in the Journal of African Cultural Studies.
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  • 47
    ISBN: 978-87-7694-209-0 , 978-87-7694-208-3
    Language: English
    Pages: xv, 261 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten
    Series Statement: NIAS Studies in Asian Topics 59
    Series Statement: Nordic Institute of Asian Studies, Studies in Asian Topics 〉 NIAS Studies in Asian Topics 59
    DDC: 306.09
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    Keywords: Timor Osttimor ; Nationenbildung ; Feldforschung ; Sozialer Wandel ; Politischer Wandel ; Anthropologie, angewandte ; Ethnographie ; Indonesien ; Kolonie, portugiesisch ; Unabhängigkeitskampf ; Film, ethnographischer ; Kraras-Massaker (1983, Osttimor) ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: This is a must-have volume for scholars, other fieldworkers and policy-makers preparing to work in Timor-Leste, invaluable for those needing to understand the country from afar, and a fascinating read for anyone interested in the Timorese world. A ground-breaking exploration of research methodologies in Timor-Leste, the first of its kind, it brings together ten authors (veterans and early-career researchers) who have helped found Timor studies and broadly represent a range of fieldwork practices and challenges in what has been described as one of the most complex, contested, attractive and dangerous ethnographic field sites on the planet. Here, they present their experiences of conducting anthropological, historical and archival fieldwork in this new nation, spanning the period from colonial times to the present day. The volume further explores how researchers might examine processes of 'nation-making' without taking particular claims about what constitutes Timorese national identity for granted. Many of the chapters thereby engage critically with some of the preconceived understandings and ideas about what kind of place Timor-Leste is that have characterized both academic research and development debates, and which have been challenged through the ethnographic or historical research of the contributing authors. The volume thus reflects and highlights the contestations and deliberations symptomatic of the country's nation-building process. It is also timely, coming as Timor studies enter a productive new phase following the country's independence and at a critical moment in the debate about the future of area studies vis-a-vis the traditional disciplines.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Portuguese Timor -- Fieldwork in a new nation -- Spatiality and temporality -- Post-conflict fieldwork -- Positionality -- Index
    Note: Enthält 11 Beiträge
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  • 48
    ISBN: 978-1-78360-908-6 , 978-1-78360-909-3
    Language: English
    Pages: 250 Seiten
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    Keywords: Afrika Sierra Leone ; Ghana ; Tunesien ; Marokko ; Sudan ; Tansania ; Kenia ; Südafrika ; Frau ; Frauenrecht ; Politik ; Aktivismus ; Soziale Bewegung ; Politische Bewegung ; Feminismus ; Recht ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Note: Literaturangaben
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  • 49
    ISBN: 978-90-04-34588-1
    Language: English
    Pages: 253 Seiten
    DDC: 963.07/2
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    Keywords: Äthiopien Politik ; Wirtschaft ; Wirtschaftlicher Wandel ; Gesellschaft ; Soziale Bedingungen ; Geschichte ; Chronologie
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  • 50
    ISBN: 978-1-349-95015-7 , 978-1-349-95016-4/eBook
    Language: English
    Pages: XIV, 320 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten
    DDC: 320
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    Keywords: Selbstbestimmung Staat ; Kunst ; Ästhetik ; Design ; Politik ; Globalisierung ; Beziehungen, internationale ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Note: Seite vii: "The chapters of this edited volume were originally presented at the conference 'Art and Sovereignity' held at DePaul University, Chicago, on April 17-18, 2015."Konferenz: Conference "Art and Sovereignity" ; (Chicago) : 2015.04.17-18
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  • 51
    ISBN: 978-1-84701-165-7 , 978-1-84701-166-4 (Africa only paperback)
    Language: English
    Pages: XVIII, 364 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten
    DDC: 960
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    Keywords: Afrika, Subsahara Nigeria ; Kamerun, deutsch ; Neuzeit ; Postkolonialismus ; Alltag ; Soziale Bedingungen ; Politische Ökonomie ; Sozialer Aspekt ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: What are the fundamental issues, processes, agency and dynamics that shape the political economy of life in modern Africa? In this book, the contributors - experts in anthropology, history, political science, economics, conflict and peace studies, philosophy and language - examine the opportunities and constraints placed on living, livelihoods and sustainable life on the continent. Reflecting on why and how the political economy of life approach is essential for understanding the social process in modern Africa, they engage with the intellectual oeuvre of the influential Africanist economic anthropologist Jane Guyer, who provides an Afterword. The contributors analyse the political economy of everyday life as it relates to money and currency; migrant labour forces and informal and formal economies; dispossession of land; debt and indebtedness; socio-economic marginality; and the entrenchment of colonial and apartheid pasts.
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  • 52
    ISBN: 978-1-84904-693-0
    Language: English
    Pages: XIII, 400 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten
    DDC: 327.406
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    Keywords: Afrika Europa ; militärischer Einsatz ; Recht, internationales ; Frieden ; Beziehungen, internationale
    Abstract: Why Europe Intervenes in Africa analyses the underlying causes of all European decisions for and against military interventions in conflicts in African states since the late 1980s. It focuses on the main European actors who have deployed troops in Africa: France, the United Kingdom and the European Union. When conflict occurs in Africa, the response of European actors is generally inaction. This can be explained in several ways: the absence of strategic and economic interests, the unwillingness of European leaders to become involved in conflicts in former colonies of other European states, and sometimes the Eurocentric assumption that conflict in Africa is a normal event which does not require intervention. When European actors do decide to intervene, it is primarily for motives of security and prestige, and not primarily for economic or humanitarian reasons. The weight of past relations with Africa can also be a driver for European military intervention, but the impact of that past is changing. This book offers a theory of European intervention based mainly on realist and post-colonial approaches. It refutes the assumptions of liberals and constructivists who posit that states and organisations intervene primarily in order to respect the principle of the 'responsibility to protect'.
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 315-370
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  • 53
    ISBN: 978-3-7089-1452-7
    Language: German
    Pages: 320 Seiten , Illustrationen
    DDC: 390
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    Keywords: Naher Osten Mittlerer Osten ; Flucht ; Flüchtling ; Politik ; Österreich ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
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  • 54
    Book
    Book
    Ithaca : Cornell University Press
    ISBN: 978-1-5017-0513-7 , 978-1-5017-0514-4
    Language: English
    Pages: xii, 213 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: first published
    DDC: 200.95843
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    Keywords: Kirgisien Gesellschaft ; Politik ; Ideologie ; Religion ; Islam ; Pentecost ; Atheismus ; Heilbehandlung ; Spiritualität ; Schamanismus ; Nationalismus ; Neoliberalismus ; Sowjet-Union, ehemalige ; Postkommunismus ; Sozialer Wandel
    Abstract: How do specific secular and religious ideologies - such as nationalism, neoliberalism, atheism, Pentecostalism, Tablighi Islam, and shamanism-gain popularity and when do they lose traction? To answer these questions, Mathijs Pelkmans critically examines the trajectories of a range of ideologies as they move into the post-Soviet frontier in Central Asia. Ethnographically rooted in the everyday life of a former mining town in southern Kyrgyzstan, Fragile Conviction shows how residents have dealt with the existential and epistemic crises that arose after the collapse of the Soviet Empire. Residents became enchanted by the truths of Muslim and Christian missionaries, embraced the teachings of neoliberal and nationalist ideologues, and were riveted by the visions of shamanic healers. But no matter how much enthusiasm and hope these ideas first engendered, the commitment to any of them rarely lasted very long.Pelkmans finds that there is an inverse relationship between the tenacity and the effervescence of collective ideas, between their strength to persist and their ability to trigger committed action. Introducing the concept of pulsation, he argues in Fragile Conviction that ideational power must be understood in relation to three aspects: the voicing of the idea, its tension with everyday reality, and its reverberation within groups of listeners. The conclusion that the power of conviction is rooted in the instability of sociocultural contexts is a message that has relevance far beyond urban Central Asia.
    Description / Table of Contents: Condition of uncertainty : life in an industrial wasteland -- What happened to Soviet atheism? -- Walking the truth in Islam with the Tablighi Jamaat -- Pentecostal miracle truth on the frontier -- The tenacity of spiritual healing and seeing -- Conclusion : pulsation : dynamics of conviction
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 195-208
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  • 55
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    Book
    Pittsburgh, PA : University of Pittsburgh Press
    ISBN: 978-0-8229-6442-1
    Language: English
    Pages: XVI, 348 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Central Eurasia in Context Series
    DDC: 320.1/20958#23
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    Keywords: Zentral-Asien Usbekistan ; Kirgisien ; Nationalismus ; Grenze ; Beziehungen, transnationale ; Politisches System
    Abstract: Nick Megoran explores the process of building independent nation-states in post-Soviet Central Asia through the lens of the boundary between Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan, using a combination of political, historical, ethnographic, and geographic frames to shed new light on this process.
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 305-329
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  • 56
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    Book
    Pittsburgh : University of Pittsburgh Press
    ISBN: 0-8229-6427-9 , 978-0-8229-6427-8
    Language: English
    Pages: XVII, 366 Seiten , Illustrationen
    DDC: 297.0958/09051
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    Keywords: Zentral-Asien Religion ; Islam ; Islam und Politik ; Islamisierung ; Gesellschaft ; Politik ; Aufsatzsammlung
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  • 57
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    Book
    Pittsburgh : University of Pittsburgh Press
    ISBN: 978-0-8229-6508-4 , 0-8229-6508-9
    Language: English
    Pages: XIII, 232 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten
    Series Statement: Central Eurasia in Context Series
    DDC: 297.2/6095843
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    Keywords: Kirgisien Islam ; Religion und Politik ; Säkularisierung ; Stadt
    Abstract: From Belonging to Belief presents a nuanced ethnographic study of Islam and secularism in post-Soviet Central Asia, as seen from the small town of Bazaar-Korgon in southern Kyrgyzstan. Opening with the juxtaposition of a statue of Lenin and a mosque in the town square, Julie McBrien proceeds to peel away the multiple layers that have shaped the return of public Islam in the region. She explores belief and non-belief, varying practices of Islam, discourses of extremism, and the role of the state, to elucidate the everyday experiences of Bazaar-Korgonians. McBrien shows how Islam is explored, lived, and debated in both conventional and novel sites: a Soviet-era cleric who continues to hold great influence; popular television programs; religious instruction at wedding parties; clothing; celebrations; among others. Through ethnographic research, McBrien reveals how moving towards Islam is not a simple step, but rather a deliberate and personal journey of experimentation, testing, and knowledge acquisition. Moreover she argues that religion is not always a matter of belief- sometimes it is essentially about belonging.From Belonging to Belief offers an important corrective to studies that focus only on the pious turns among Muslims in Central Asia, and instead shows the complex process of evolving religion in a region that has experienced both Soviet atheism and post-Soviet secularism, each of which has profoundly formed the way Muslims interpret and live Islam.
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 201-222
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  • 58
    ISBN: 978-0821422595
    Language: English
    Pages: XIII, 272 Seiten
    Series Statement: New African Histories
    DDC: 305.8935406762
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    Keywords: Kenia Somali ; Somalia ; Afrika ; Geschichte ; Migration ; Diaspora ; Nationalismus ; Beziehungen, interethnische
    Abstract: Though often associated with foreigners and refugees, many Somalis have lived in Kenya for generations, in many cases since long before the founding of the country. Despite their long residency, foreign and state officials and Kenyan citizens often perceive the Somali population to be a dangerous and alien presence in the country, and charges of civil and human rights abuses have mounted against them in recent years. In We Do Not Have Borders, Keren Weitzberg examines the historical factors that led to this state of affairs. In the process, she challenges many of the most fundamental analytical categories, such as "tribe," "race," and "nation," that have traditionally shaped African historiography. Her interest in the ways in which Somali representations of the past and the present inform one another places her research at the intersection of the disciplines of history, political science, and anthropology. Given tragic events in Kenya and the controversy surrounding al-Shabaab, We Do Not Have Borders has enormous historical and contemporary significance, and provides unique inroads into debates over globalization, African sovereignty, the resurgence of religion, and the multiple meanings of being African
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  • 59
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    Book
    Durham : Duke University Press
    ISBN: 978-0-8223-6916-5 , 978-0-8223-6888-5
    Language: English
    Pages: VIII, 363 Seiten , Karten
    DDC: 325.4
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    Keywords: Europa Afrika ; Syrien ; Flüchtling ; Migration ; Migration, illegale ; Grenze ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite [299]-339
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  • 60
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    Book
    Philadelphia : University of Pennsylvania Press
    ISBN: 978-0-8122-4893-7
    Language: English
    Pages: 346 Seiten , Illustrationen
    DDC: 321/.06
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    Keywords: Staat Identität ; Kulturvergleich ; Sozialer Wandel ; Entwicklungsländer ; Globalisierung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Fallstudiensammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Fallstudiensammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Fallstudiensammlung
    Abstract: What is a small country? Is a country small because of the size of its territory or its population? Can smallness be relative, based on the subjective perception of a country's inhabitants or in comparison with one's neighbors? How does smallness, however it is defined, shape a country and its relations with other countries? Answers to these questions, among others, can be found in Small Countries, the first and only anthropological study of smallness as a defining variable. In terms of population size, some two thirds of the countries of the world can now be considered small countries, and they can be found in all world regions except North America and East Asia. They exhibit great diversity with regard to culture, history, and institutional arrangements, so there can be no model of any "typical" small country. Yet the essays collected by Ulf Hannerz and Andre Gingrich identify a range of family resemblances in such areas as internal connectivity and sensibilities of identity. Contributors describe a number of similar problems with which small countries must cope, on domestic levels as well as in their transnational and global encounters. For some small countries, challenges such as media organization and branding have a negative impact on real or perceived vulnerability, while for others, the same challenges facilitate success stories. Comparative case studies cover a diverse set of regions, including the Caribbean, Middle East, Africa, and Europe, and employ diverse anthropological approaches. Tacit assumptions about scale, identities, and networks in everyday social life are best revealed through close, interpretive effort. At times a sense of shared belonging comes to the fore with particular events, such as a national crisis or an unexpected success in international sports, offering scope for situational analyses. In showing how small countries confront globalization, Small Countries reveals how the sense of scale intensifies when the world as a whole shrinks.
    Description / Table of Contents: "100 percent pure New Zealand" : national branding and the paradoxes of scale / Cris Shore -- After 22 July 2011 : Norwegians together / Thomas Hylland Ericksen -- The Scandinavian cluster : small countries with big egos / Orvar Lo¨fgren -- Red dot on the map : Singapore, size and the problems of success / Goh Beng Lan -- "Li likkle but wi tallawah" : soft power and smallness in Jamaica / Don Robotham -- On chutzpah countries and "shitty little countries" / Virginia R. Dominguez -- Portugal and the dynamics of smallness / Joa~o de Pina-Cabral -- Two countries in the Alps : Austrian and Swiss presentations of self for internal and global consumption / Regina F. Bendix -- Serbia and the surplus of history : being small, large, and small again / Aleksandar Boskovic -- Blood and other precious resources : vulnerability and social cohesion on the Maldives / Eva-Maria Knoll -- Belize : a country but not a nation / Richard Wilk -- A war and after : Sierra Leone reconnects, within itself and with the world / Jacqueline Kno¨rr -- An emirate goes global : the cultural making of Abu Dubai / Sulayman Khalaf -- Smiles and smallness : jokes in Yemen and in Palestine / Andre Gingrich, with Zulfokar Al-Dubai and Noura Kamal -- Greater than its size : Ireland in literature and life / Helena Wulff -- Swedish encounters : end notes of a native son / Ulf Hannerz.
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  • 61
    ISBN: 978-3-8376-3263-7 , 3-8376-3263-6
    Language: German
    Pages: 142 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: 1. Aufl.
    Series Statement: X-Texte zu Kultur und Gesellschaft
    DDC: 305.90691401
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    Keywords: Europa Flüchtling ; Flucht ; Humanitäre Hilfe ; Integration ; Politik ; Fremdwahrnehmung ; Rassismus ; Populismus ; Held
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 109-123
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  • 62
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (377 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Kultur-, Sozial- und Bildungswissenschaftliche Fakultät 2014
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Nation ; Staat ; Afrika ; Postkolonialismus ; Politik ; Typologie ; Südsudan ; Nationalismus ; Staatsbildungsprozesse ; Nationenbildung ; Afrikanische Politik ; Afrikanische Geschichte ; Politische Theorie ; Vergleichende Politikwissenschaften ; Konfliktstudien ; Postcolonialism ; Africa ; South Sudan ; State ; Politics ; Nationalism ; Statebuilding ; Nationbuilding ; Typology ; African Politics ; African History ; Political Theory ; Comparative Politics ; Conflict Studies ; Nation ; Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie
    Abstract: Afrikanische Staaten werden oft mit einem ideal-typischen westeuropäischen Nationalstaat verglichen und unweigerlich für unzureichend befunden. Diese Arbeit begegnet diesem theoretischen Missstand, indem sie eine neue Typologie des territorialen afrikanischen Nationalstaats in Abgrenzung vom europäischen Model entwickelt. Die Typologie fungiert als theoretisches Prisma für eine ausführliche Analyse des Südsudan für die Jahre 2005-2014. Gleichzeitig liefert der Vergleich mit dem Sonderfall Südsudan neue Erkenntnisse zum Wandel von Staat und Nation in Afrika. Ausgehend von einer historisch-philosophischen Querschau auf Staat und Nation in Europa, werden die grundverschiedenen Umstände von Nationalstaatsbildung im postkolonialen Afrika dargestellt. Der Autor schöpft aus einer umfangreichen Literatur, die fast sämtliche Staaten in Sub-Sahara Afrika abdeckt, um typisierte Aspekte von Staat und Nation herauszuarbeiten. Für den afrikanischen Staat sind dies der hybride Quasi-Staat, der illegitime Staat, der privatisierte neopatrimoniale Staat und der aufgedunsene Zentralstaat. Die Typologie der afrikanischen Nation besteht aus inklusivem Staatsnationalismus, dem Wiedererstarken politischer Ethnizität sowie dem ausgrenzenden neuen Nationalismus. Auf der Basis von Primär- und Sekundärquellen sowie Feldforschung, haben sich südsudanesischer Staat und Nation als überwiegend kongruent mit der Typologie erwiesen. Abweichungen bestehen jedoch im Ausmaß der Übernahme von Dienstleistungen durch ausländische NGOs, in der Struktur der neopatrimonialen Netzwerke sowie in der Rolle, die Sprache für die nationale Identität spielt. Zudem weist der Südsudan sämtliche Entwicklungstrends des postkolonialen Nationalismus parallel zueinander und nicht aufeinander folgend auf. Dies deutet darauf hin, dass sich die Bedingungen für Nationenbildung im heutigen Afrika dank Urbanisierung, moderner Kommunikationswege und dem Vorherrschen von Bürgerkriegen sehr von der Vergangenheit unterscheiden.
    Abstract: African states are often judged by comparison to an ideal-typical Western European nation-state, which inevitably finds the African state wanting. This thesis challenges this theoretical drawback by developing a novel typology of the African territorial nation-state in juxtaposition to the European model. The typology is then applied as a theoretical prism for an in-depth analysis of the case of South Sudan, the world’s newest state, for the period 2005-2014. At the same time, comparison to the anomalous case of South Sudan provides new insights into the changing nature of statehood and nationalism in Africa. Starting out from a historical-philosophical overview of state and nation in the European context, the very different circumstances of nation-state formation in postcolonial Africa are depicted. The author then draws on a large body of literature covering almost all of Sub-Saharan Africa to distil typified facets of state and nation. For the African state, these components are the hybrid quasi state, the illegitimate state, the privatized neopatrimonial state and the swollen centralized state. The typology of the African nation consists of inclusive state-nationalism, the resurgence of political ethnicity and exclusionary new nationalism and the politics of autochthony. Based on primary and secondary sources including fieldwork in South Sudan, the empirical reality of South Sudan’s nascent nation-state is shown to largely match the typology. Important divergences exist however in the degree of service delivery by foreign NGOs, in the dispersed nature of the neopatrimonial networks, and the role of language in nationbuilding. Crucially, South Sudan exhibits all three trends of postcolonial African nationalism at the same time rather than in successive periods. This indicates that in contemporary Africa rapid urbanization, modern communications and the prevalence of civil wars create very different conditions for nationbuilding than in decades past.
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 63
    ISBN: 978-1-63483-826-9
    Language: English
    Pages: vi,100 Seiten
    Series Statement: Terrorism, Hot Spots and Conflict-Related Issues
    DDC: 303.6/4096
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    Keywords: Afrika Islam und Politik ; Terrorismus ; Fundamentalismus, islamischer ; Islam ; Bürgerkrieg ; Libyen ; Nigeria ; Somalia ; Fallstudiensammlung ; Fallstudiensammlung
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  • 64
    ISBN: 978-90-04-32559-3 , 978-90-04-32673-6
    Language: English
    Pages: XVII, 265 Seiten
    Series Statement: Africa-Europe Group for Interdisciplinary Studies 17
    DDC: 968.07
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    Keywords: Südafrika Sozio-ökonomischer Aspekt ; Sozialer Wandel ; Wirtschaftlicher Wandel ; Landnahme ; Landreform ; Soziale Bedingungen ; Apartheid ; Politik ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Fallstudiensammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Fallstudiensammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Fallstudiensammlung
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  • 65
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    Book
    London : Routledge
    ISBN: 978-1-85743-641-9
    Language: English
    Pages: xx, 475 Seiten.
    Series Statement: Routgledge International Handbooks
    DDC: 323.11
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    Keywords: Indigenität Recht ; Bürgerrecht ; Gesetzgebung ; Handbuch ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
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  • 66
    Book
    Book
    London and New York : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
    ISBN: 978-1-138-83146-9 , 978-1-315-73655-6/ebook
    Language: English
    Pages: xi, 213 Seiten , Tabellen
    Series Statement: Central Asia Research Forum
    DDC: 958.7086
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    Keywords: Zentral-Asien Usbekistan ; Sowjet-Union, ehemalige ; Sowjet-Union ; Kolonialgeschichte ; Geschichte, nachkoloniale ; Kolonie, russisch ; Sozialpolitik ; Landbevölkerung ; Enteignung ; Religion und Politik ; Identität ; Selbstbild ; Historiographie ; Nostalgie ; Orale Tradition
    Abstract: Central Asian states have experienced a number of historical changes that have challenged their traditional societies and lifestyles. The most significant changes occurred as a result of the revolution in 1917, the incorporation of the region into the Soviet Union, and gaining independence after the collapse of the USSR. Impartial and informed public evaluation of the Soviet and post-Soviet periods has always been a complicated issue, and the 'official' descriptions have often contradicted the interpretations of the past viewed through the experiences of ordinary people. Identity and Memory in Post-Soviet Central Asia looks at the tradition of history construction in Central Asia. By collecting views of the public's experiences of the Soviet past in Uzbekistan, the author examines the transformation of present-day Central Asia from the perspective of these personal memories, and analyses how they relate to the Soviet and post-Soviet official descriptions of Soviet life. The book discusses that the way in which people in Central Asia reconcile their Soviet past to a great extent refers to the three-fold process of recollecting their everyday experiences, reflecting on their past from the perspective of their post-Soviet present, and re-imagining. These three elements influence memories and lead to selectivity in memory construction, emphasising the aspects of the Soviet era people choose to recall in positive and negative lights. Presenting a broader picture of Soviet everyday life at the periphery of the USSR, the book will be a useful contribution for students and scholars of Central Asian Studies, Ethnicity and Identity Politics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Selectivity in recalling Soviet past in Uzbekistan : re-collecting, reflecting and re-imagining -- Power, social life, and public memory in Uzbekistan -- Recollections of trauma and public responses to the political violence of state policies in the Stalinist era in Uzbekistan -- The impact of World War II/Great Patriotic War in Uzbekistan -- Death of Stalin : time of despair and hope -- Post-Soviet nostalgia in Central Asia : oral accounts of everyday life in Soviet Uzbekistan -- Hybrid ethnic identities in Soviet Uzbekistan -- Religiosity and Soviet "modernisation" in Central Asia : locating religious traditions and rituals in recollections of anti-religious policies in Uzbekistan -- Placing the Mahalla between public and private life.
    Note: Literaturangaben
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  • 67
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    Book
    London : Hurst & Company
    ISBN: 1-84904-691-3 , 978-1-84904-691-6
    Language: English
    Pages: ix, 253 Seiten, 8 ungezählte Seiten , Illustrationen, Karte
    DDC: 963.5
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    Keywords: Eritrea Geschichte ; Politik ; Totalitarismus ; Diktatur ; Ideologie
    Abstract: The most secretive, repressive state in Africa is haemorrhaging its citizens. In some months as many Eritreans as Syrians arrive on European shores, yet the country is not convulsed by civil war. Young men and women risk all to escape. Many do not survive - their bones littering the Sahara; their bodies floating in the Mediterranean. Still they flee, to avoid permanent military service and a future without hope. As the United Nations reported: "Thousands of conscripts are subjected to forced labour that effectively abuses, exploits and enslaves them for years." Eritreans fought for their freedom from Ethiopia for thirty years, only to have their revered leader turn on his own people. Independent since 1993, the country has no constitution and no parliament. No budget has ever been published. Elections have never been held and opponents languish in jail. International organisations find it next to impossible to work in the country. Nor is it just a domestic issue. By supporting armed insurrection in neighbouring states it has destabilised the Horn of Africa. Eritrea is involved in the Yemeni civil war, while the regime backs rebel movements in Somalia, Ethiopia and Djibouti.This book tells the untold story of how this tiny nation became a world pariah.
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  • 68
    ISBN: 978-0-7453-3673-2 , 978-0-7453-1996-9 /eBook
    Language: English
    Pages: xi, 238 Seiten
    Series Statement: Anthropology, Culture, and Society
    DDC: 361.2/6
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    Keywords: Afrika Westafrika ; Humanitäre Hilfe ; Nichtregierungsorganisation ; Sozio-politische Organisation ; Sozio-religiöse Organisation ; Katholik ; Protestant ; Muslime ; Religiöse Institution ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Since the 1990s, most African economies and public spheres have been liberalised, and new civil society actors have emerged. As mapped out by Marie Nathalie LeBlanc and Louis Audet Gosselin, in West Africa Christian and Muslim organisations have come to dominate the field of humanitarian assistance. Moving beyond mainstream development theory, Faith and Charity brings out the crucial role of religion in the development process and the interplay of moral and political ideologies. From faith-based NGOs to individual local activists, the authors explore how each group makes sense of, and contributes to, the wider process of social development in the neoliberal era. Based on extensive research and deploying a sophisticated and original frame of analysis, Faith and Charity will make an important contribution to the existing literature on development anthropology and the anthropology of religion in Africa.
    Note: Enthält 10 Beiträge; Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 212 - 228
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  • 69
    Book
    Book
    Durham : Duke University Press
    ISBN: 978-0-8223-6152-7 , 978-0-8223-6171-8 , 978-0-8223-7409-1
    Language: English
    Pages: xvi, 278 Seiten
    DDC: 378.1/98109598
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    Keywords: Indonesien Jugendkultur ; Jugendlicher ; Jugend ; Nationalismus ; Politik ; Aktivismus
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  • 70
    ISBN: 978-0-8214-2256-4 , 978-0-8214-2257-1 , 978-0-8214-4593-8
    Language: English
    Pages: X, 306 Seiten
    DDC: 323.6096
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    Keywords: Afrika Bürgerrecht ; Krise ; Recht ; Politik ; Geschichte ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Africa, it is often said, is suffering from a crisis of citizenship. At the heart of the contemporary debates this apparent crisis has provoked lie dynamic relations between the present and the past, between political theory and political practice, and between legal categories and lived experience
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  • 71
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    Book
    Stanford, CA : Stanford University Press
    ISBN: 978-0-8047-9837-2 , 978-0-8047-9908-9
    Language: English
    Pages: xii, 196 Seiten
    Series Statement: Stanford Studies in Human Rights
    DDC: 342.689108
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    Keywords: Simbabwe Südafrika ; Bürgerrecht ; Wissen, lokales ; Gesetzgebung ; Menschenrecht ; Ethnologie
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  • 72
    ISBN: 3-593-50653-X , 978-3-593-50653-1 , 978-3-593-43479-7
    Language: English
    Pages: 271 Seiten , Diagramme, Karten
    Series Statement: Normative Orders volume 19
    DDC: 320
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    Keywords: Afrika Afrika, Subsahara ; Republik Niger ; Ghana ; Mali ; Kamerun ; Kenia ; Norm ; Staat und Gesellschaft ; Markt ; Administration ; Regierung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Note: Literaturangaben: "The publication is part of the DFG-funded Cluster of Excellence 'The Formation of Normative Orders' at Goethe University Frankfurt am Main"
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  • 73
    ISBN: 978-1-78533-091-9
    Language: English
    Pages: viii, 327 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: EASA Series 28
    DDC: 363.6/9
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    Keywords: Weltkulturerbe Ethnologie ; Sozialer Aspekt ; Museum ; Museumskunde ; Kultur ; Politik ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: The UNESCO World Heritage Convention of 1972 set the contemporary standard for cultural and natural conservation. Today, a place on the World Heritage List is much sought after for tourism promotion, development funding, and national prestige. Presenting case studies from across the globe, particularly from Africa and Asia, anthropologists with situated expertise in specific World Heritage sites explore the consequences of the World Heritage framework and the global spread of the UNESCO heritage regime. This book shows how local and national circumstances interact with the global institutional framework in complex and unexpected ways. Often, the communities around World Heritage sites are constrained by these heritage regimes rather than empowered by them.
    Description / Table of Contents: List of Illustrations Introduction: UNESCO World Heritage - Grounded? Christoph Brumann and David Berliner PART I: CITIES Chapter 1. Affects and Senses in a World Heritage Site: People-House Relations in the Medina of Fez Manon Istasse Chapter 2. 'UNESCO is What?'World Heritage, Militant Islam and the Search for a Common Humanity in Mali Charlotte Joy Chapter 3. Heritage-making in Lijiang: Governance, Reconstruction and Local Naxi Life Yujie Zhu Chapter 4. Multiple Nostalgias: The Fabric of Heritage in Luang Prabang (Lao PDR) David Berliner PART II: ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES Chapter 5. Thinking Globally and Acting Locally in the Angkor World Heritage Site Keiko Miura Chapter 6. One List, a World of Difference? The Dynamics of Global Heritage at Two Neighbouring Properties Noel B. Salazar Chapter 7. Civilization and the Transformation of Xiaotun Village at Yin Xu Archaeological Site, China Shu-Li Wang Chapter 8. The Business of Wonder: Public Meets Private at the World Heritage Site of Chichen Itza Lisa Breglia PART III: CULTURAL LANDSCAPES Chapter 9. Decolonizing the Site: The Problems and Pragmatics of World Heritage in Italy, Libya and Tanzania Jasper Chalcraft Chapter 10. The Values of Exchange and the Issue of Control: Living with (World) Heritage in Osogbo, Nigeria Peter Probst Chapter 11. Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape: Extractive Economies and Endangerment on South Africa's Borders Lynn Meskell CODA Conclusion: Imagining the Ground from Afar: Why the Sites are so Remote in World Heritage Committee Sessions Christoph Brumann
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  • 74
    ISBN: 978-3-8376-3658-1
    Language: German
    Pages: 377 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: X-Texte
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Politische Bewegung Politik ; Deutschland ; Massenmedien ; Demokratie ; Konferenzschrift 2015 ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift
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  • 75
    ISBN: 978-3-8376-3074-9
    Language: German
    Pages: 252 Seiten
    Series Statement: X-Texte zu Kultur und Gesellschaft
    DDC: 000
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    Keywords: Deutschland Europa ; Nationalität ; Rassismus ; Identität ; Geschichte ; Fremdwahrnehmung ; Islamophobie ; Migration ; Kapitalismus ; Postkolonialismus ; Sozialismus ; Multikulturalität
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Reformulierung der europäischen Geschichte, die nach dem Mauerfall einsetzte, verband postfaschistische und postsozialistische Narrative zu einer westlich-kapitalistischen Erfolgsgeschichte. Ein dritter Faktor, der ebenfalls einer Neubewertung bedurft hätte, blieb hierbei jedoch unbeachtet: die koloniale Vergangenheit.Fatima El-Tayeb nähert sich den aktuellen Diskussionen um die deutsche Identität durch ihre historische Kontextualisierung und die Frage nach deren Lücken. Sie untersucht die Auswirkungen dieser einseitigen Geschichtsaufarbeitung anhand der Produktion dreier rassifizierter Gruppen - Schwarze, Roma und Muslime - als »undeutsch« und zeigt so, dass ein postmigrantisches Deutschland nicht nur offene Zukunftsvisionen, sondern auch neue Vergangenheitsnarrative braucht.
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  • 76
    ISBN: 978-3-8376-3638-3
    Language: German
    Pages: 204 Seiten
    Series Statement: X-Texte zu Kultur und Gesellschaft
    DDC: 305.80094
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    Keywords: Flüchtling Migration ; Rassismus ; Gewalt ; Fremdwahrnehmung ; Fremder ; Angst ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
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  • 77
    Book
    Book
    Lanham, MD : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
    ISBN: 978-1-4422-4760-4
    Language: English
    Pages: XIX, 265 Seiten
    Edition: Third edition
    DDC: 070.4493036250973
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    Keywords: USA Terrorismus ; Massenmedien ; Digitale Medien ; Presse
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  • 78
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    Book
    Paris : Philippe Rey
    ISBN: 978-2-84876-502-0
    Language: French
    Pages: 154 Seiten
    DDC: 306.096
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    Keywords: Afrika Soziale Bedingungen ; Wirtschaftliche Bedingungen ; Postkolonialismus ; Dekolonisation ; Utopie, politische
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  • 79
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (241 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Kultur-, Sozial- und Bildungswissenschaftliche Fakultät 2014
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Indien ; Alterssicherung ; intergenerationelle Transfers ; private Transfers ; Sozialrenten ; Verdrängungseffekte ; India ; old-age security ; intergenerational transfers ; private transfers ; social pension ; crowding out ; Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie
    Abstract: Das Transfer-Einkommens-Derivativ ist einer der wichtigsten ökonomischen Parameter zur Beantwortung der Frage, ob Sozialrenten den unter Armut leidenden Älteren in voller Höhe zu Gute kommen oder ob politisch unerwünschte Verdrängungseffekte auftreten. Eine Verdrängung privater intergenerationeller Transfers durch die Vergabe von Sozialrenten wird dabei als Schwächung familiärer Strukturen angesehen, da erwachsene Kinder ihre vorherigen privaten finanziellen Unterstützungsleistungen an ihre bedürftigen Eltern kürzen oder gar aussetzen. Die staatlichen Leistungen kämen damit nicht vollständig den Bedürftigen zugute, weshalb die Wirksamkeit von Sozialrenten zur Bekämpfung von Altersarmut in Frage gestellt wird. Der aktuelle internationale Forschungsstand bestätigt die Existenz solcher Verdrängungseffekte bei Sozialtransferprogrammen in Entwicklungs- und Schwellenländern. Die der Dissertation zugrundeliegende empirische Erhebung zu Intrahaushaltstransfers in Mehrgenerationenhaushalten in drei Regionen Nordindiens (Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh und Delhi) hat jedoch gezeigt, dass theoretische Annahmen der Modelle und landestypische Gegebenheiten Indiens, wie etwa korrupte Vergabemuster bei den Sozialrenten, die Aussagekraft des Transfer-Einkommens-Derivativs zur Beurteilung der Effizienz der Sozialrenten stark einschränken. Die Daten zeigen überdies, dass der Nettotransferstrom abwärts verläuft, von den älteren zu den jüngeren Haushaltsmitgliedern. Dies steht im Gegensatz zu der gängigen Annahme, dass in Entwicklungs- und Schwellenländern die Älteren überwiegend Empfänger privater Transfers sind.
    Abstract: The transfer income derivative is one of the most important economic parameters in understanding whether social pensions serve the elderly poor, as the intended beneficiaries, or whether social pensions crowd out private transfers from family members. The crowding out effect of private transfers by public transfers is seen as weakening traditional family ties because adult children reduce or even cease private transfers to the needy elderly. In that case, public transfers may have no net effect on the income of the elderly calling into question the efficacy of public pension schemes in fighting old age poverty. The current state of international research provides evidence for these crowding out effects in developing or industrializing countries. Drawing on empirical research of intra-household transfers in households with elderly co-residence in three selected north Indian regions (Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and Delhi), this dissertation shows that theoretical assumptions of the models as well as country specific circumstances of India, such as corruption in the allocation of social pensions, limit the explanatory power of the transfer income derivative in judging the efficacy of such pensions. Additionally the data shows that private net transfers flow downward, from the elderly to the younger members of the household. This is in stark contrast to the common assumption that in developing and industrializing countries the elderly are mainly recipients of private transfers.
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  • 80
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (286 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III 2013
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; soziales Kapital ; Familien ; Krisengebiet ; Ressourcen ; sozioökonomischer Ansatz ; social capital ; families ; area of crisis ; resources ; socio economic approach ; Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie
    Abstract: Thema: Problemlage und Ressourcen von Familien in einem Krisengebiet am Beispiel von Neukölln-Nord Die vorliegende Arbeit geht der Frage nach, was Familien dazu bewegt, in einem Bezirk in Berlin, der als Krisengebiet bezeichnet wird, wohnen zu bleiben oder abzuwandern. Ferner ist hinsichtlich derjenigen Familien, die wohnen bleiben, gefragt, welche Gründe diese zum Verbleib in Neukölln-Nord bewegt hat. Was erwarten diese Familien für sich und ihre Kinder? Welche Ressourcen können sie mobilisieren, um ihre persönlichen Präferenzen und Lebensvorstellungen sowie diejenigen ihrer Kinder in diesem Bezirk zu realisieren? Die Arbeit orientiert sich in theoretischer Hinsicht an angelsächsischen Autoren wie Brooks-Gunn. Sie und ihr Forscherteam wenden Colemans Theorie des Sozialkapitals und den sozialökologischen Ansatz von Urie Bronfenbrenner an und untersuchen auf dieser Grundlage die Kontexte von Familien und Kindern. Mit Hilfe qualitativer Interviews und eines Netzwerkfragebogens werden Familien typologisiert. Herausgebildet haben sich vier Typen: die Zufriedenen, die wohnen bleiben; die Unzufriedenen, die abwandern; die Nicht-Ganz-Glücklichen, die aber grundsätzlich den Wunsch haben, wegzuziehen und der aktive Neuköllner, der sich einmischt und für seinen persönlichen Bedarf engagiert. Bezogen auf die ausführliche Beschreibung der Merkmale dieser vier Typen konnte die Frage beantwortet werden, ob die Zufriedenheit der Eltern ausschließlich vom Umfang ihrer Ressourcen, d.h. von ihrem sozialen Kapital abhängt. Das Ergebnis ist, dass eher andere Faktoren als Art und Umfang des elterlichen Sozialkapitals bei der Frage, wohnen zu bleiben oder weg zu ziehen, eine Rolle gespielt haben. Abschließend werden Ausblicke und Anregungen darüber gegeben, wie eine Politik aussehen könnte, die Belange von Familien in einem Problembezirk wie Neukölln-Nord ernst nimmt und dazu führt, dass Eltern wohnen bleiben bzw. wieder zurückkehren.
    Abstract: Topic: Problem situation and resources of families in an area of crisis, exemplified by Neukölln-North This dissertation is investigating the question why people remain living in a district of Berlin, that is considered a social hot spot or why they move away. Furthermore, - looking at the families who don''t leave - there is the question of their reasons for staying in Neukölln-North. What do these families expect for themselves and their children? Which resources can they mobilize in order to put into effect their personal preferences and conception of life as well as those of their children in this borough. Theoretically this thesis follows the concepts of Anglo-Saxon authors like Brooks-Gunn. She and her team implement Coleman''s theory of social capital and the socio economic approach of Urie Bronfenbrenner and examine on this foundation the contexts of family and children. Backed by qualitative interviews and a network questionnaire they categorize families. Thus 4 types have emerged: the contend families; the dissatisfied ones, that migrate; the not-so-happy ones, who plan to move away and the active inhabitants of Neukölln, who interfere and campaign for their personal needs. In reference to the detailed description of the characteristics of these 4 types the question could be answered if the parent''s contentment depends solely on the extent of their resources, meaning their social capital. The result is that rather different criteria than sort and extent of the parental social capital played a role in the decision of moving away or staying. Concluding there will be given perspectives and suggestions about the right kind of politics, that takes seriously the needs of families in social hot spots like Neukölln-Nord and eventually leads to the stay or return of parents.
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  • 81
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (233 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III 2014
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Governance ; Grenzüberschreitende Zusammenarbeit ; Ostseeregion ; Region-building ; Öresundregion ; GO-Region ; Euregio Helsinki-Tallinn ; Europäische Regionalpolitik ; Nordische Regionalpolitik ; governance ; cross-border cooperation ; Baltic Sea Region ; region-building ; Oresund Region ; GO-Region ; Euregio Helsinki-Tallinn ; European Regional Policy ; Nordic Regional Policy ; Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie
    Abstract: Ausgehend von der Annahme, dass die Ostseeregion primär eine von Städten und urbanen Zentren geprägte Region ist, untersucht diese Studie die Entstehung und Entwicklung grenzüberschreitender Zusammenarbeit von Großstradtregionen im Ostseeraum. Auf der Grundlage poststrukturalistischer Forschungsansätze ergänzt durch Governancetheorien wird ein umfassendes theoretisches Instrumentarium erarbeitet, mit dem drei Fälle grenzüberschreitender Zusammenarbeit von Großstadtregionen aus der Ostseeregion untersucht werden. Die konzeptionelle Grundidee besteht hierbei darin, Vergleichbarkeit nicht durch die Anwendung vorher festgelegter Kriterien, sondern durch die Formulierung und Anwendung eines gleichbleibenden Katalogs offener Forschungsfragen herzustellen. Zunächst werden für diese Arbeit drei Einzelfallstudien zur Öresundregion, Göteborg-Oslo Region und der Euregio Helsinki-Tallinn erstellt. Dann werden in einer vergleichenden Gegenüberstellung Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede erarbeitet und auf dieser Grundlage Faktoren, welche die Entstehung und Entwicklung grenzüberschreitender Zusammenarbeit begünstigen, abgeleitet. Darüber hinaus rückt das Ergebnis der Analyse drei weitere Aspekte für die Entwicklung grenzüberschreitende Zusammenarbeit in den Mittelpunkt, die in angewendeten theoretischen Ansätzen bisher unberücksichtigt geblieben sind, die aber erheblichen Einfluss auf die Entwicklung der einzelnen Region haben: geographische Lage, Timing und Marginalisierung.
    Abstract: Based on the assumption that the Baltic Sea Region is primarily composed of cities and urban areas, this study explores the evolution and development of the cross-border cooperation of large urban areas in the Baltic Sea Region. Using post-structuralist theoretical approaches supplemented with governance theory, the study develops a comprehensive theoretical tool for the analysis of three cases of cross-border cooperation of urban areas in the Balitc Sea Region. The conceptual idea was to safeguard comparability through the application of a common set of open research questions, rather than to apply a set of pre-given criteria. First, this piece of research provides the three single case studies of the Oresund Region, the Gothenburg-Oslo Region and the Euregio Helsinki-Tallinn. Then a comparative analysis elaborates on the commonalities and differences and derives supporting factors for cross-border cooperation based on that background. Finally, the comparative analysis also points to three additional relevant aspects for the development of cross-border cooperation that have not been included into the theoretical approaches but which had remarkable influence on the development of the single cases: geographical localisation, timing and marginalisation.
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  • 82
    ISBN: 978-3-643-90577-2
    Language: English
    Pages: iv, 347 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Legal Anthropology and Indigenous Rights 2
    DDC: 305.800968
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    Keywords: Südafrika Ethnie, Afrika ; Griqua ; Khoikhoi ; Nama ; Bure ; Südafrikanischer Jäger ; Unabhängigkeit ; Ethnizität ; Identität ; Landrecht ; Grundeigentum ; Apartheid ; Tourismus
    Abstract: With the dawn of democracy in South Africa in 1994, the struggle of indigenous Griqua for land has gained new momentum. Having lost most of their ancestral land in the 19th century due to colonialism, Griqua people are now using new legal opportunities to reclaim land. Griqua people live, farm, celebrate indigenous festicals, and create cultural villages for tourists on the re-obtained land. In doing so, Griqua people are currently contributing to the making of Ethnicity, Inc., the double process of the commodification of culture and the creation of ethnic businesses.
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgements -- Ethno-Marketing-Indigenous Cultures on Sale: A Foreword by Werner Zips -- Part 1. Introduction.1. Ethnicity, Inc. and a practice theory of identity politics. 2. Reflections on methods: towards a critical realist multi-sited ethnography. 3. Griqua histories: struggles for land, autonomy and identity -- Part 2. The field of Khoe-san identity politics. 4. Post-apartheid Khoe-San identity politics. 5. The Griqua National Conference. 6. The GNC and the field of identity politics -- Part 3. Struggles for land and the emergence of Griqua, Inc. 7. Between cooperation and autonomy: the Bethany land restitution claim. 8. A new Griqualand in the making? Contested land claims in East Griqualand. 9. Cultural development and economic empowerment: the Griqua Ratelgat farm. 10. Towards Griqua, Inc --Conclusion -- Epilogue -- Bibliography
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 311 - 337 , Dissertation, Universität Hamburg, Institut für Ethnologie, 2014
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  • 83
    ISBN: 978-1-78360-172-1 , 978-1-78360-173-8
    Language: English
    Pages: XI, 324 S.
    DDC: 361.7/4/0922
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    Keywords: Australien Ureinwohner, Australien ; Selbstbestimmung ; Indigenität ; Beziehungen Aborigine-Weiße ; Sozialer Wandel ; Dekolonisation ; Aktivismus ; Landrecht
    Abstract: Decolonizing Solidarities is a thorough examination of the problems that can arise when activists from colonial backgrounds seek to be politically supportive of indigenous struggles. Blending key theoretical and practical questions, Clare Land argues that the impulses that drive middle-class settler activists to support indigenous peoples will not lead to successful alliances and meaningful social change without an essential process of public political action and critical self-reflection. Based on a wealth of in-depth interviews and original research, with a focus on Australia, Decolonizing Solidarities provides a vital resource for anyone involved in indigenous activism or scholarship.
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  • 84
    ISBN: 978-1-84904-550-6
    Language: English
    Pages: XIX, 191 S. , Ill.
    Edition: 1. ed.
    DDC: 305.896
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    Keywords: Biographie Algerien ; Intellektuelle ; Schwarze ; Rassismus ; Philosophie ; Psychiatrie ; Dekolonisation ; Revolution ; Kolonialismus ; Fanon, Frantz ; Biografie ; Biografie ; Biografie
    Abstract: Antiblack racism avows reason is white while emotion, and thus supposedly unreason, is black. Challenging academic adherence to this notion, Lewis R. Gordon offers a portrait of Martinican-turned-Algerian revolutionary psychiatrist and philosopher Frantz Fanon as an exemplar of "living thought" against forms of reason marked by colonialism and racism. Working from his own translations of the original French texts, Gordon critically engages everything in Fanon from dialectics, ethics, existentialism, and humanism to philosophical anthropology, phenomenology, and political theory as well as psychiatry and psychoanalysis. Gordon takes into account scholars from across the Global South to address controversies around Fanon's writings on gender and sexuality as well as political violence and the social underclass. In doing so, he confronts the replication of a colonial and racist geography of reason, allowing theorists from the Global South to emerge as interlocutors alongside northern ones in a move that exemplifies what, Gordon argues, Fanon represented in his plea to establish newer and healthier human relationships beyond colonial paradigms.
    Description / Table of Contents: On what a great thinker said -- I am from Martinique -- Writing through the zone of nonbeing -- Living experience, embodying possibility -- Revolutionary therapy -- Counseling the damned -- Requiem for the messenger.
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  • 85
    ISBN: 0-415-18022-8 , 978-0-415-18022-1
    Language: English
    Pages: XVIII, 301 S.
    Series Statement: Politics in Asia Series
    DDC: 320.509598/09045
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    Keywords: Indonesien Politik ; Demokratie ; Geschichte ; Macht ; Regierung ; Korruption ; Gewalt ; Ideologie
    Abstract: Illiberal Democracy in Indonesia charts the origins and development of organicist ideologies in Indonesia from the early 20th century to the present. In doing so, it provides a background to the theories and ideology that informed organicist thought, traces key themes in Indonesian history, examines the Soeharto regime and his 'New Order' in detail, and looks at contemporary Indonesia to question the possibility of past ideologies making a resurgence in the country. Beginning with an exploration of the origins of the theory of the organic state in Europe, this book explores how this influenced many young Indonesian scholars and 'secular' nationalists. It also looks in detail at the case of Japan, and identifies the parallels between the process by which Japanese and Indonesian nationalist scholars drew on European romantic organicist ideas to forge 'anti-Western' national identities and ideologies. The book then turns to Indonesia's tumultuous history from the revolution to 1965, the rise of Soeharto, and how his regime used organicist ideology, together with law and terror, to shape the political landscape consolidate control. In turn, it shows how the social and economic changes wrought by the government's policies, such as the rise of a cosmopolitan middle class and a rapidly growing urban proletariat led to the failure of the corporatist political infrastructure and the eventual collapse of the New Order in 1998. Finally, the epilogue surveys the post Soeharto years to 2014, and how growing disquiet about the inability of the government to contain religious intolerance, violence and corruption, has led to an increased readiness to re-embrace not only more authoritarian styles of rule but also ideological formulas from the past. This book will be welcomed by students and scholars of Southeast Asia, politics and political theory, as well as by those interested in authoritarian regimes, democracy and human rights.
    Description / Table of Contents: Starting points. Organicism and the Volksgeist -- The allure of Japan's "family-state" -- 1945 : organicism versus rights -- Revolution, democracy and corporatist antidotes -- Against politics : Soeharto in power -- Engineering hegemony -- Indonesianising Indonesia -- Twilight of the ideologues.
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  • 86
    ISBN: 978-1-138-85258-7 , 978-1-315-72336-5
    Language: English
    Pages: VIII, 268 S.
    Series Statement: Routledge Studies in African Politics and International Relations 7
    DDC: 351.967
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    Keywords: Afrika Afrika, Subsahara ; Administration ; öffentlicher Dienst ; Ordnung, normative ; Staat ; Politik
    Abstract: Although international development discourse considers the state as a crucial development actor, there remains a significant discrepancy between the official norms of the state and public services and the actual practices of political elites and civil servants. This text interrogates the variety of ways in which state policies and legal norms have been translated into the set of practical norms which make up real governance in sub-Saharan Africa. It argues that the concept of practical norms is an appropriate tool for an ethnographic investigation of public bureaucracies, interactions between civil servants and users, and the daily functioning of the state in Africa. It demonstrates that practical norms are usually different from official norms, complementing, bypassing and even contradicting them. In addition, it explores the positive and negative effects of different aspects of this 'real governance'. This text will be of key interest to academics, students and researchers in the fields of development, political science, anthropology and development studies, African studies, international comparative studies, implementation studies, and public policy.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Introduction: the game of the rules Tom De Herdt & Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan Part I A New Concept? 2 Informal regulations of public bureaucracies in Africa and beyond: practical norms as an exploratory concept Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan 3 Traditionalist Africanist culturalism: Analysis of a scientific ideology and a plea for an empirically grounded concept of culture Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan 4 Hybrid orders and practical norms: a Weberian view Tom De Herdt Part II Real Governance in Practice 5 Juggling with the norms. Everyday practice in an emergency service in Niger Eric Hahonou 6 The King is not a kinsman; Multiple accountabilities in the postcolonial State in Africa Giorgio Blundo 7 Ethnography of everyday ethics in a South African Medical Ward Frederic Le Marcis and Julien Grard 8 Local prison governance with global human rights - the merging of professional and practical norms in Ugandan prisons Tomas Max Martin 9 The evolution of practical norms through bricolage: 'good' local water governance in Zimbabwe Frances Cleaver 10 Evident but elusive: practical norms in the gold sector in South-Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo Sara Geenen 11 Beyond Corruption. The everyday life of a court of the peace in the Democratic Republic of Congo Benjamin Rubbers and Emilie Gallez
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  • 87
    ISBN: 978-1-4422-3775-9
    Language: English
    Pages: XXIX, 216 S.
    DDC: 337.67051
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    Keywords: Afrika, Subsahara China ; Beziehungen Afrika-Asien ; Beziehungen, internationale ; Wirtschaft ; Wirtschaftliche Bedingungen
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  • 88
    Book
    Book
    Leiden [u.a.] : Brill
    ISBN: 978-90-04-29114-0
    Language: English
    Pages: XXIII, 385 S. , Kt.
    Series Statement: African Social Studies Series 35
    DDC: 900
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    Keywords: Afrika Insel ; Indischer Ozean ; Madagaskar ; Mauritius ; Seychellen ; Geschichte ; Politik ; Regierung ; Wirtschaftliche Bedingungen ; Soziale Bedingungen ; Beziehungen, internationale
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  • 89
    Book
    Book
    Athens : Ohio University Press
    ISBN: 978-0-8214-2174-1 , 978-0-8214-4535-8
    Language: English
    Pages: 233 S. , Ill., Kt.
    Series Statement: Ohio Short Histories of Africa
    DDC: 320.01
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    Keywords: Afrika Kolonialismus ; Rassismus ; Nationalismus ; Intellektuelle ; Humanismus ; Biographie ; Fanon, Frantz ; Biografie ; Biografie
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  • 90
    Book
    Book
    Bloomington, Ind. [u.a.] : Indiana Univ. Press
    ISBN: 978-0-253-01584-6 , 978-0-253-01587-7
    Language: English
    Pages: XIII, 260 S. , Ill.
    Series Statement: Public Cultures of the Middle East and North Africa
    DDC: 306.0962
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    Keywords: Ägypten Soziale Bedingungen ; Ländliches Gebiet ; Geschichte ; Widerstand ; Politik ; Regierung ; Entwicklungsländer
    Abstract: Against the backdrop of the revolutionary uprisings of 2011 2013, Samuli Schielke asks how ordinary Egyptians confront the great promises and grand schemes of religious commitment, middle class respectability, romantic love, and political ideologies in their daily lives, and how they make sense of the existential anxieties and stalled expectations that inevitably accompany such hopes. Drawing on many years of study in Egypt and the life stories of rural, lower-middle-class men before and after the revolution, Schielke views recent events in ways that are both historically deep and personal. Schielke challenges prevailing views of Muslim piety, showing that religious lives are part of a much more complex lived experience." Review: "This is a much anticipated and urgently important work, a landmark contribution alike to several fields of inquiry: to understanding the causes, course, and consequences of the 'Arab Spring, ' to the description and interpretation of contemporary reformist and political Islam, and to the developing field of anthropological theory of everyday ethical life. A major, multifaceted, and sophisticated study." James Laidlaw, University of Cambridge"
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  • 91
    ISBN: 978-1-84904-423-3 , 978-1-84904-422-6
    Language: English
    Pages: XI, 346 S.
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    Keywords: Sierra Leone Bürgerkrieg ; Gewalt ; Anarchie ; Kulturzerfall ; Staatszerfall
    Abstract: The atrocities of civil wars present us with many difficult questions. How do seemingly ordinary individuals come to commit such extraordinary acts of cruelty, often against unarmed civilians? Can we ever truly understand such acts of 'evil'? Based on a wealth of original interviews with perpetrators of violence in Sierra Leone's civil war, this book provides a detailed response. Moving beyond the rigid bounds of political science, the author engages with sociology, psychology and social psychology, to provide a comprehensive picture of the complex individual motives behind seemingly senseless violence in Sierra Leone's war. Highlighting the inadequacy of current explanations that centre on the anarchic nature of brutality, or conversely, its calculated rationality, this book sheds light on the critical but hitherto neglected role played by the emotions of shame and disgust. Drawing on first-hand accounts of strategies employed by Sierra Leone's rebel commanders, it documents the manner in which rebel recruits were systematically brutalised and came to perform horrifying acts of cruelty as routine. In so doing, it offers fresh insight into the causes of extreme violence that holds relevance beyond Sierra Leone to the atrocities of contemporary civil wars.
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  • 92
    ISBN: 978-1-78076-908-0 , 978-0-85773-663-5
    Language: English
    Pages: X, 198 S.
    Series Statement: International Library of Iranian Studies 50
    DDC: 955.061
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    Keywords: Iran Soziales Leben ; Alltag ; Arbeit ; Arbeitslosigkeit ; Kaschkai ; Ernährung ; Erdöl ; Fernsehen ; Islam ; Politik ; Politik und Gesellschaft ; Religion und Politik ; Wirtschaftlicher Aspekt ; Sozialer Aspekt ; Interview
    Abstract: Iran is a country which, despite its extensive coverage in the media, is often regarded as 'mysterious', 'exotic' and 'other-worldly'. This attitude often stems from a focus on the rhetoric of controversial figures in Iranian politics, rather than looking at the everyday lives of Iranians themselves. Clarissa de Waal uses her training as an anthropologist to examine the experiences of individuals, with a focus of the province of Fars in southwest Iran. This serves to highlight contemporary Iran outside of the capital, which so often dominates western understanding of the country. Using a wide range of subjects, from public sector workers and entrepreneurs to Qashqa'i tribes people (both settled and nomadic), students and the unemployed, de Waal examines the everyday existence Iran's population from a variety of backgrounds. She offers analysis and insights concerning ordinary Iranians' lives and the impact the state has on them economically, socially and religiously.
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  • 93
    ISBN: 978-1-78360-297-1 , 1-78360-297-X
    Language: English
    Pages: XII, 211 S.
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    Keywords: Republik Südafrika Politischer Wandel ; Revolte ; Gewalt ; Polizei ; Korruption ; Gerichtsbarkeit
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  • 94
    ISBN: 978-1-78238-734-3
    Language: English
    Pages: 338 S.
    DDC: 369/.3
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    Keywords: Kultureinfluss Migration ; Sozialer Aspekt ; Gesellschaft ; Beziehungen, transnationale ; Organisation, internationale ; Diaspora ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
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  • 95
    Book
    Book
    London [u.a.] : Routledge
    ISBN: 0-415-52391-5 , 978-0-415-52391-2
    Language: English
    Pages: XXXVIII, 679 S. , Ill.
    Series Statement: Routledge Handbooks
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    Keywords: Arabische Staaten Tunesien ; Naher Osten ; Nordafrika ; Revolution ; Demokratisierung ; Arabischer Frühling ; Politische Bewegung ; Handbuch ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: The self-immolation of Mohammed Bouazizi in Tunisia in December 2010 heralded the arrival of the 'Arab Spring,' a startling, yet not unprecedented, era of profound social and political upheaval. The meme of the Arab Spring is characterised by bottom-up change, or the lack thereof, and it's effects are still unfurling today. The Routledge Handbook of the Arab Spring seeks to provide a departure point for ongoing discussion of a fluid phenomenon on a plethora of topics, including: Contexts and contests of democratisation The sweep of the Arab Spring Egypt Women and the Arab Spring Agents of change and the technology of protest Impact of the Arab Spring in the wider Middle East and further afield Collating a wide array of viewpoints, specialisms, biases, and degrees of proximity and distance from events that shook the Arab world to its core, the Handbook is written with the reader in mind, to provide students, practitioners, diplomats, policy-makers and lay readers with contextualization and knowledge, and to set the stage for further discussion of the Arab Spring.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: (Re)constructing the 'Arab Spring' Part 1: The Arab Spring: Contexts and Contests of Democratization 1. On the 'Arab Spring Laurence Whitehead 2. Arab Politics After the Uprisings Michael Hudson 3. Toward a Historical Sociology of the Arab Uprising Raymond Hinnebusch 4. The Arab Spring Mustapha Kamel Al-Sayyid Part 2: The 'Travel' of Revolution: from Tunis to Sanaa 5. The Seeds of Tunisia's Revolution Amor Boubakri 6. The Roots of the Tunisian Revolution Sami Zemni 7. 'War on Terror' Legacies and the Tunisian Revolution Corinna Mullin 8. Libya's Arab Spring Anas A. Buera 9. Libya's Islamists Anas El Gomati 10. Bahrain's Revolution and Civil Society's Quest for Power Sharing Muhammad AlZekri 11. The Arab Spring Comes to Syria Obaida Fares 12. Yemen's Arab Spring Elham Manea 13. Pro-Regime and Oppositional Media Obaida Fares 14. 'In the Eye' of the Arab Spring Mariam Sharbash & Larbi Sadiki Part 3: Egypt in the Arab Spring: Islam, the State and the Military 15. The Egyptian Revolution Shafeeq Ghabra 16. The Brotherhood's Spring Khalil al-Anani 17. Making the Crisis Visible Irene Weipert-Fenner 18. Contemporary Islamist Discourses on the State in Egypt Mohammed Moussa 19. Failure of a Revolution Khaled Abou El-Fadl Part 4: Womens' Voices in the Arab Spring 20. Syria's 'Arab Spring' Tamara Al-Om 21. Tunisian Women in the Arab Spring Andrea Khalil Part 5: Arab Spring: Breakdown of the Old Social Compact 22. Breakdown of the Authoritarian Social Contract and Emergence of New Social Actors Lachen Achy 23. The Tunisian Revolution Hela Yousfi 24. Revolutionary Contagion Gianluca Solera Part 6: Uprisings: Agency and Technology of Protest 25. A Public Sphere Revolution? Armando Salvatore 26. The Revolution Never Ends Mark Levine 27. Al-Jazeera & Televised Revolution Ezzeddine Abdelmoula 28. Graffiti Arts and the Arab Spring Charlotte Schriwer 29. Poetry and the Arab Spring Atef Alshaer 30. The Arab Spring Akeel Abbas 31. Arab Youth and Technology in Bottom-up Struggle for Empowerment Maria Blanco Palencia Part 7: The Arab Spring: the Wider Middle East Evolution Not Revolution? Michael J. Willis 33. Algeria Youcef Bouandel 34. Democratisation & the 'Arab Spring' Hamid J A Alkifaey 35. Protest and Reform James Worrall 36. Palestine and the Wind of the Arab Spring Tahani Mustafa 37. Turkey and the Arab Uprisings Derya Gocer Akder &Marc Herzog 38. Turkey Cengiz Gunay 39. Iran and the Arab Spring Shabnam Holliday 40. The Israel Tent Protests Alan Craig Part 8: The Arab Spring in a Global Context 41. Revolutions in North Africa Shamil Jeppie 42. The EU and Democracy Promotion Tobias Schumacher 43. The Nordic Countries and the Arab Spring Timo Behr 44. From Spain to Egypt Ivan Molina Allende & Sabine Hattinger 45. The Arab Spring and EU Democracy Promotion in Tunisia Rawtha Benothman 46. Russia and the Arab Spring Karina Fayzullina 47. North America's Response to the Tunisian and Egyptian Uprisings Dalal Daoud 48. The Arab Spring Anwar Alam
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  • 96
    Book
    Book
    London : Hurst
    ISBN: 978-1-84904-491-2
    Language: English
    Pages: VII, 239 S. , Kt.
    DDC: 320.6
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    Keywords: Nigeria Terrorismus ; Islam und Politik ; Islam ; Geschichte ; Fundamentalismus, islamischer ; Ideologie ; Religion ; Frieden ; Politik
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  • 97
    ISBN: 3-423-34861-5 , 978-3-423-34861-4
    Language: German
    Pages: 143 Seiten
    Edition: Orig.-Ausg.
    Series Statement: dtv 34861
    DDC: 303.6250882970956
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    Keywords: Arabische Staaten Ägypten ; Syrien ; Irak ; Jihad ; Fundamentalismus, islamischer ; Religion und Gesellschaft ; Islam und Politik ; Terrorismus ; Gewalt ; Krieg ; Krise ; Arabischer Frühling
    Note: Literaturverz. S. 134 - 135
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  • 98
    ISBN: 978-1-78478-040-1 , 978-1-78478-049-4/eISBN U.S. , 978-1-78478-048-7/eISBN U.K.
    Language: English
    Pages: XX, 172 S. , Kt.
    Edition: Updated ed.
    DDC: 956.05/4
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    Keywords: Terrorismus Islam und Politik ; Fundamentalismus, islamischer ; Sunna ; Islam ; Gewalt ; Jihad ; Irak ; Syrien ; Naher Osten ; Mittlerer Osten ; Europa
    Abstract: "Out of the failures of Iraq and Afghanistan, the Arab Spring and Syria, a new threat emerges. While Al Qaeda is weakened, new jihadi movements, especially ISIS, are starting to emerge. In military operations in June 2014 they were far more successful than Al Qaeda ever were, taking territory that reaches across borders and includes the city of Mosul. The reports of their military coordination and brutality are chilling. While they call for the formation of a new caliphate once again the West becomes a target. How could things have gone so badly wrong? In THE RISE OF ISLAMIC STATE, Cockburn analyzes the reasons for the unfolding of US and the West's greatest foreign policy debacle and the impact that it has on the war-torn and volatile Middle East"--
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface : the hundred days -- The rise of ISIS -- The Battle of Mosul -- In denial -- Jihadis on the march -- The Sunni resurgence in Iraq -- Jihadis hijack the Syria uprising -- Saudi Arabia Tries to Pull Back -- If It Bleeds It Leads -- Shock and War.
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  • 99
    Book
    Book
    London [u.a.] : Routledge
    ISBN: 978-0-415-61778-9 , 978-1-315-73917-5
    Language: English
    Pages: XIII, 366 S. , graph. Darst., Kt.
    Series Statement: Routledge Handbooks
    DDC: 364.1/323
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    Keywords: Politik Korruption ; Aufsatzsammlung
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  • 100
    ISBN: 978-3-8376-1148-9 , 978-3-8394-1148-3/ePDF , 978-3-7328-1148-9/ePub
    Language: German
    Pages: 369 S.
    Edition: 2., komplett überarb. [und erw.] Aufl.
    Series Statement: Cultural Studies 36
    DDC: 325.301
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    Keywords: Postkolonialismus Dekolonisation ; Theorie ; Kolonialismus ; Globalisierung ; Religion ; Menschenrecht ; Recht ; Entwicklungspolitik ; Einführung ; Said, Edward W. ; Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty ; Bhabha, Homi K. ; Lehrbuch ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Lehrbuch
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