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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (63)
  • Paris : OECD  (49)
  • Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing  (14)
  • Welt  (63)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Leading innovation and entrepreneurship in healthcare : a global perspective (2022)
    Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781839104282
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 Seiten)
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Kreativität ; Innovation ; Innovationsmanagement ; Entrepreneurship ; Führungsstil ; Weibliche Führungskräfte ; Welt ; Medical economics ; Entrepreneurship ; Medical innovations ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "This ground-breaking book specifically focuses on the leadership of innovation and entrepreneurship in healthcare by providing a detailed step-by-step framework for effective leadership in the challenging and dynamic healthcare environment. Taking a fresh approach, it utilizes resources within healthcare organizations and the creative abilities of their people to provide a long-term solution to address key global issues, including the aging population, rising costs and long waiting lists, together with the challenges of staff recruitment and retention. Claudine Kearney offers in-depth insights into what is required to achieve success in the development of innovation. Chapters also demonstrate how to lead innovation, entrepreneurship and design thinking in healthcare as well as how to achieve results with a future oriented mindset. Visionary in its approach, the book examines both internal and external healthcare environment, addressing the key elements such as organizational strategy, culture and structure to overcome challenges. It also provides a thought-provoking analysis on the significant global challenges experienced within healthcare following the Covid-19 pandemic. Highlighting key learning points, this book will be an excellent resource for postgraduate students and scholars with a specific focus on medical and scientific innovations as well as those responsible for management within healthcare"--
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface -- Part I: Meaning and nature of innovation and entrepreneurship in healthcare -- 1. Understanding creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship in healthcare -- Part II: Developing innovation and entrepreneurship in healthcare: A strategic perspective -- 2. Developing innovation in healthcare -- 3. Strategic perspective: Integration of innovation and entrepreneurship in healthcare -- 4. Corporate entrepreneurship, well-being, resilience and positive psychology in healthcare -- Part III: Leading innovation, entrepreneurship and design thinking in healthcare -- 5. Leadership and its impact on innovation and entrepreneurship in healthcare -- 6. Innovation and entrepreneurship among individuals and teams in healthcare -- 7. Understanding and leading design thinking in healthcare -- Part IV: Making it all happen: A future-oriented mindset -- 8. Women in leadership, innovation and entrepreneurship in healthcare -- 9 human capital and the future impact of innovation and entrepreneurship on key stakeholders -- 10. The future of innovation and entrepreneurship in healthcare -- References -- Index
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    DOI: 10.4337/9781839104282
    URL: teilw. kostenfrei
    URL: teilw. kostenfrei
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Digital transformations : new tools and methods for mining technological intelligence (2022)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing | Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781789908633
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 172 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Elgaronline
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar books
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Daim, Tugrul U., 1967 - Digital transformations
    DDC: 658.4038
    RVK:
    QP 345
    RVK:
    QC 344
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; Bergbau ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Theorie ; Welt ; Information technology Management ; Bibliometrics ; Patents Data processing ; Social networks Research ; Data processing ; Technological innovations ; Web usage mining ; Bibliometrics ; Information technology ; Management ; Patents ; Data processing ; Technological innovations ; Electronic books ; Digitale Revolution
    Abstract: "Technology is not just limited to technology companies, it impacts sectors such as healthcare, agriculture, and security. In the last few decades, countries, too, have started developing technologies or integrating technologies into their systems. As a result, all countries, regardless of size, need to understand the management of engineering and technology concepts. Digital Transformations reviews fundamentals and applications through existing and emerging technologies all around the world. Big data availability and the emergence of new tools provide opportunities to detect the emergence of new technologies. Some of the major elements of such analyses include bibliometrics, patent analysis and social network analysis. The authors focus on these three tools and demonstrate their use through applications such as Blockchain, Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, 3D printing, Wireless Power, Autonomous and Electric Driving, and Smart Homes. Through the examination of cases based on emerging technologies, the book provides a spectrum of these recent applications and serves as a reference for professionals, researchers and students on fundamentals of technology utilization tools"--
    DOI: 10.4337/9781789908633
    URL: teilw. kostenfrei
    URL: teilw. kostenfrei
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Handbook on electricity markets (2021)
    Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781788979955
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (672 Seiten)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Handbook on electricity markets
    DDC: 333.7932
    RVK:
    QR 530
    Keywords: Strommarkt ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Elektrizitätsversorgung ; Strompreis ; Welt ; Electric industries ; Electric power distribution ; Competition ; Electric utilities ; Electronic books ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Elektrizitätsmarkt ; Wettbewerb
    Abstract: Contents: Introduction to the handbook on electricity markets / Jean-Michel Glachant, Paul L. Joskow and Michael G. Pollitt -- Part I: Taking stock: the legacy -- 2. Strengths and weaknesses of traditional arrangements for electricity supply / Richard Schmalensee -- 3. Optimal wholesale pricing and investment in generation: The basics / Paul L. Joskow and Thomas-Olivier L.autier -- 4. Wholesale electricity market design / Frank A. Wolak -- 5. The evolution of competitive retail electricity markets / Stephen Littlechild -- 6. Strengths and weaknesses of the British market model / David Newbery -- 7. Strengths and weaknesses of the pjm market model / William W. Hogan -- 8. Ercot: Success (so far) and lessons learned / Ross Baldick, Shmuel S. Oren, Eric S. Schubert and Kenneth Anderson -- 9. Lessons from australia's national electricity market 1998-2018: Strengths and weaknesses of the reform experience / Paul Simshauser -- 10. Strengths and weaknesses of the nordic market model / Chlo. Le Coq and Sebastian Schwenen -- 11. The evolution of the European model for electricity markets / Fabien Roques -- Part II: Adapting to new technologies and new policy priorities -- 12. New technologies on the supply side / Nils May and Karsten Neuhoff -- 13. New technologies on the demand side / Fereidoon Sioshansi -- 14. Tools and policies to promote decarbonization of the electricity sector / Kathryne Cleary, Carolyn Fischer and Karen Palmer -- 15. Shifting supply as well as demand: The new economics of electricity with high renewables / Richard Green -- 16. The future design of the electricity market / Michael G. Pollitt -- 17. New business models in the electricity sector / Jean-Michel Glachant -- 18. Electrifying transport: Issues and opportunities / Bentley C. Clinton, Christopher R. Knittel and Konstantinos Metaxoglou -- 19. Electrification of residential and commercial heating / Mathilde Fajardy and David M. Reiner -- 20. Harnessing the power of integration to achieve universal electricity access: The case for the integrated distribution framework / Ignacio J. P.rez-Arriaga, Divyam Nagpal, Gr.goire Jacquot and Robert Stoner -- 21. Reforming China's electricity industry: National aspiration, bureaucratic empires, local interests / Xu Yi-chong -- 22. The evolution of electricity sectors in Africa: Ongoing obstacles and emerging opportunities to reach universal targets / Vivien Foster, Anton Eberhard and Gabrielle Dyson -- Index.
    Abstract: "With twenty-two chapters written by leading international experts, this volume represents the most detailed and comprehensive Handbook on electricity markets ever published. It covers all dimensions of electricity markets: wholesale and retail; renewable electricity sources; the electrification of mobility, heating and cooling; and recent innovations such as distributed generation, electrical energy storage, demand response and digital platforms that are disrupting the industry. The benefits, as well as the limits, of open markets and competition are assessed at the level of underlying principles and with reference to specific cases, including the UK, PJM Interconnection, Texas, Australia, Scandinavia, continental Europe and China. The details of electricity market designs are analysed and discussed. The book also considers new emerging business models, as well as the impact of electricity sector policy priorities such as universal access and deep decarbonization. This Handbook is intended to be used and useful. Students and young professionals will find the information they need to enter the field. Researchers, experienced professionals and public decision-makers will get a comprehensive update on the topical issues in electricity markets that will guide them through the important developments the sector is witnessing"--
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    DOI: 10.4337/9781788979955
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Megaproject leaders : reflections on personal life stories (2021)
    Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781789902976
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (328 Seiten)
    Series Statement: New horizons in organization studies series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Führungspersönlichkeit ; Projektmanagement ; Welt ; Project management ; Industrial development projects Management ; Electronic books ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: "Megaproject Leaders brings together 18 prominent academics who interviewed 16 great megaproject leaders originating from 10 different countries. Based on a reflective methodological approach, these chapters investigate the managing of megaprojects from a human perspective, identify new trends in the managing of megaprojects and identify lessons learned from the personal views of the interviewees. The novel ideas presented will appeal to academics, practitioners and university students"--
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    DOI: 10.4337/9781789902976
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Innovation in global entrepreneurship education : teaching entrepreneurship in practice (2021)
    Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781839104206
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (336 Seiten)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Gründungsausbildung ; Innovation ; Entrepreneurship ; Unternehmensgründung ; Welt ; Entrepreneurship Study and teaching ; Electronic books ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Contents: -- Introduction / Heidi M. Neck (Babson College, USA) and Yipeng Liu (Henley Business School, University of Reading, UK) -- PART I BUILDING BRIDGES ACROSS THE UNIVERSITY FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP -- 1 Entrepreneurship education ecosystems: the case of Babson College / Candida G. Brush (Babson College, USA) -- 2 From incubator to full internal entrepreneurship education ecosystem: the example of TBS / Servane Delanoë-Gueguen and Christina Theodoraki (TBS Business School, France) -- 3 Integrated, not inserted: a pedagogic framework for embedding entrepreneurship education across disciplines / Darryl Cummins, Paul Joseph-Richard and Margaret Morgan (Ulster University, Northern Ireland), Sofhia Harbs (FACENS, Brazil) and Florian Kerber (University of Applied Sciences, Germany) -- 4 Entrepreneurship education at Waseda University, Japan: challenges in integrating entrepreneurship education programs across universities and beyond / Mikiko Shimaoka, Toru Asahi, Tatsuhiko Inoue, Tomomi Kito, Takahiro Ohno and Shozo Takata (Waseda University, Japan) -- 5 Entrepreneurial education and youth development in Central Asia / Iskender Usupbaev and Kseniya Yuzhaninova-Karadenizli (Almaty Management University, Kazakhstan) -- 6 Revitalizing the innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem at Universidad de Piura / Álvaro Tresierra, María Mercedes Henriquez, Carlos Rodrich, Cinthya Posso, Eddie Valdiviezo and Nicolas Vásquez (Universidad de Piura, Peru) -- 7 Tec21 educational model: defining new ways to entrepreneurship education / María de los Dolores González-Saucedo (Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico) -- PART II TEACHING AND LEARNING ENTREPRENEURSHIP -- 8 Do you have what it takes? Developing entrepreneurial competencies for creative discovery and problem-solving at CETYS Universidad / Ricardo D. Alvarez (CETYS Universidad, Mexico) -- 9 Entrepreneurship education in Egypt and the MENA Region: experiential learning in an entrepreneurship course / Tarek Hatem and Ashraf Mohamed Sheta (The American University in Cairo, Egypt) -- 10 Innovative approaches to entrepreneurship education at FLAME University in India / Bharat Damani and Amarpreet Singh Ghura (FLAME University, India) -- 11 EAE Lab Pyramid / Marcelo Leporati, Carmen Goytre, Rocío Alvarez-Ossorio, Aleksandra Olszewska and Santiago Tobón (EAE Business School, Spain) -- 12 The dynamism of entrepreneurship education: the evolving role of an entrepreneurship educator in an emerging economy / Abhinav Chaturvedi (Bennett University, India) -- 13 The development of high-potential intrapreneurs: an executive education approach to drive innovation in Latin American companies / Cris Bravo Monge and Cristian Granados Sánchez (Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico) -- 14 Feasibility studies at CERN: CERN as a technology provider for startups / Karoline Kaspersen and Lise Aaboen (Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway) -- 15 From challenge to reality: the magic to make a business flourish / Jorge Villagrasa and Colin Donaldson (EDEM School of Business, Spain) -- 16 Student peers as facilitators and mentors in practice-based entrepreneurship education / Marianne Arntzen-Nordqvist and Bjørg Riibe Ramskjell (Nord University, Norway) -- PART III THE IMPACT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION AND NEW DIRECTIONS -- 17 Tracking the entrepreneurial journey: from inspiration to perspiration / Colin Donaldson, Jorge Villagrasa and Felipe Sánchez (EDEM School of Business, Spain) -- 18 Responsible entrepreneurship: a new challenge for entrepreneurship education and training / Matthias Pepin, Maripier Tremblay and Luc K. Audebrand (Université Laval, Canada) -- 19 Venture creation programs: what kinds of ventures do students create? / Roger Sørheim, Torgeir Aadland and Dag Håkon Haneberg (Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway) -- 20 Empowered to change the game: students guiding students / Raquel M. C. Barbosa Rogoschewski and Sofhia Harbs (FACENS, Brazil) -- Index.
    Abstract: "As entrepreneurship education grows across disciplines and permeates through various areas of university programs, this timely book offers an interdisciplinary, comparative and global perspective on best practices and new insights for the field. Through the theoretical lens of collaborative partnerships, it examines innovative practices of entrepreneurship education and advances understanding of the discipline. Exploring and showcasing how global collaboration can foster entrepreneurship education, international contributors share their experiences as educators, scholars and thought-leaders involved in the Babson Collaborative. Chapters illustrate the challenges faced by educators and creative methods for tackling them, offering useful insights from a range of disciplinary perspectives. Highlighting the significance of the field to higher education environments, this book encourages active participation in entrepreneurial practice and collaboration between stakeholders and disciplines to ensure high-quality education in a variety of settings. This insightful book is a rousing and inspiring view of entrepreneurship education for scholars and academic entrepreneurs who are working to build robust education ecosystems in the field"--
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    DOI: 10.4337/9781839104206
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    COVID-19 and well-being : life in the pandemic (2021)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264505377
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (378 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als COVID-19 and well-being
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Epidemie ; Lebensqualität ; Zufriedenheit ; Welt ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Employment ; Environment ; Governance
    Abstract: COVID-19 and Well-being: Life in the Pandemic explores the immediate implications of the pandemic for people’s lives and livelihoods in OECD countries. The report charts the course of well-being – from jobs and incomes through to social connections, health, work-life balance, safety and more – using data collected during the first 12-15 months of the pandemic. It also takes stock of what has happened to human, economic, social and natural capital that, beyond their effects on people’s lives today, shape living conditions for years to come. It shows how COVID-19 has had far-reaching consequences for how we live, work and connect with one another, and how experiences of the pandemic varied widely, depending on whether and where people work, their gender, age, race and ethnicity, education and income levels. The report also examines the role that well-being evidence can play in supporting governments’ pandemic recovery efforts. It argues that a well-being lens can prompt policy-makers to refocus on the outcomes that matter the most to people, to redesign policy content from a more multidimensional perspective, to realign policy practice across government silos, and to reconnect people with the public institutions that serve them.
    DOI: 10.1787/1e1ecb53-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Fighting terrorism at source : using foreign aid to delegate global security (2018)
    Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781786432179
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (vi, 194 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Elgaronline
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar books
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Azam, Jean-Paul, 1951 - Fighting terrorism at source
    DDC: 363.325/17
    RVK:
    PR 2375
    Keywords: Terrorismusbekämpfung ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Theorie ; Welt ; Terrorism Economic aspects ; Electronic books ; Terrorismus ; Prävention ; Sicherheit ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Online-Ressource
    Abstract: Contents: 1. Introduction and overview -- Part 1: Getting the questions right -- 2: Targets and perpetrators of transnational terrorist attacks -- 3: Why suicide terrorists get educated -- 4: Aid and military intervention in a model of delegated protection -- Part 2: Empirical answers -- 5: Testing the impacts of foreign aid and military interventions -- 6: Estimating the speed of terrorist responses. -- 7: The problem of imported attacks -- 8. -- General conclusion -- Index.
    Abstract: This book offers a unique and insightful econometric evaluation of the policies used to fight transnational terrorism between 1990 and 2014. It uses the tools of modern economics, game theory and structural econometrics to analyze the roles of foreign aid, educational capital, and military intervention. Jean-Paul Azam and Véronique Thelen analyze panel data over 25 years across 124 countries. They prove that foreign aid plays a key role in inducing recipient governments to protect the donors' political and economic interests within their sphere of influence. Demonstrating that countries endowed with better educational capital export fewer terrorist attacks, they also illustrate that, in contrast, military intervention is counter-productive in abating terrorism. Recognizing the strides taken by the Obama administration to increase the role of foreign aid and reduce the use of military interventions, this book shows the significant impact this has had in reducing the number of transnational terrorist attacks per source country, and suggests further developments in this vein. Practical and timely, this book will be of particular interest to students and scholars of economics and political science, as well as those working on the wider issue of terrorism. Presenting a series of new findings, the book will also appeal to international policy makers and government officials
    DOI: 10.4337/9781786432179
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    All fall down : debt, deregulation and financial crises (2018)
    Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781788119498
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 240 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Series Statement: Elgaronline
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar books
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als D'Arista, Jane W. All fall down
    DDC: 339.53
    Keywords: Geldpolitik ; Internationales Finanzsystem ; Finanzkrise ; Schulden ; Finanzmarkt ; USA ; Welt ; Global Financial Crisis, 2008-2009 ; Debt ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Contents: 1. Introduction and summary -- Part I: the unraveling of the 1930s-era framework -- 2. The Euro market erodes US financial structure -- 3. Commercial paper guarantees and the emergence of a parallel banking system -- 4. ERISA moves savings into securities markets -- Part II: deregulation and financial innovation create the context for crisis -- 5. An overview of financial restructuring and its consequences -- 6. Securitization -- 7. Weaving the web of interconnectedness -- 8. Opaque markets and opaque balance sheets -- 9. Growing concentration leads to "too big to fail" -- 10. Regulating the post-crisis system -- 11. Mending the financial safety net for savers -- Part III: The advent of globalization -- 12. Dollar hegemony -- 13. Foreign exchange reserves -- 14. An overview of developments in global financial markets in the 1990s -- Part IV: Building toward crisis in the global economy -- 15. Concerns and warnings -- 16. Crises in the periphery of the global system -- 17. Liquidity expansion in the period before the crisis -- Part V: Debt and the collapse of monetary control -- 18. The failure to halt the emergence and growth of the debt bubble -- 19. Rising imbalances in credit flows -- 20. Mounting risks of the continuing debt bubble in the new millennium -- 21. How eroding monetary tools facilitated debt creation -- 22. Monetary tools: what they are and how they function -- 23. The inability of capital requirements to prevent or moderate financial crises XXX -- 24. How crisis reshaped the monetary toolkit -- Part VI: An agenda for monetary reform -- 25. Introducing a systemic approach -- 26. Creating a system-wide asset-based reserve system -- 27. Implementing policy under the current and proposed systems -- 28. Implications of the proposed system for the conduct of policy -- Part VII: reforming the privatized international monetary system -- 29. Can the SDR replace the dollar and other national currencies as a reserve asset? -- 30. Restructuring flows of private international investment into emerging and developing economies -- 31. Reforming the international payments system -- Part VIII: Conclusion -- 32. Building toward crisis in the global economy - again -- Bibliography -- Index.
    Abstract: All Fall Down traces the ways in which changes in financial structure and regulation eroded monetary control and led to historically high levels of debt relative to GDP in both developed and emerging economies. Rising stocks of debt drove the global financial system into crisis in 2008 when households, businesses, financial institutions and the public sector in some countries strained to generate sufficient income for debt service. The stagnation and fall in asset prices that followed began the process of unwinding that led to a run on the financial sector by the financial sector. This engaging examination describes critical developments that changed the structure of US financial markets as well as developments and innovations in US credit markets that created the context for crisis. It discusses the advent of dollar hegemony, the critical role of international reserves in generating credit, the emergence of the debt bubble in the 1980s and the mounting risks of debt in the new millennium. The author also proposes a systemic approach to monetary control, offering two new reform proposals. The analysis concludes that reforms are needed in order to support sustainable economic activity in the US and global economies. This volume will appeal to students and scholars of economics interested in international finance and banking, financial regulation and monetary policy implementation. It will also be of interest to business economists, lawyers, policymakers and journalists concerned with the effects of financial instability and involved in ongoing debates on financial and monetary reform
    DOI: 10.4337/9781788119498
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 9
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    Measuring poverty (2018)
    Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781786436955
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: The international library of critical writings in economics 353
    Series Statement: Elgaronline
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar books
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Series Statement: The international library of critical writings in economics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Measuring poverty
    DDC: 339.46
    Keywords: Armut ; Messung ; Entwicklungsindikator ; Einkommensverteilung ; Soziale Ungleichheit ; Soziale Ausgrenzung ; Welt ; Poverty ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Recommended readings (Machine generated): 1. Buhong Zheng (1993), 'An Axiomatic Characterization of the Watts Poverty Index', Economic Letters, 42 (1), 81-86 -- 2. Amartya Sen (1976), 'Poverty: An Ordinal Approach to Measurement', Econometrica, 44 (2), March, 219-31 -- 3. James Foster, Joel Greer and Erik Thorbecke (1984), 'Notes and Comments: A Class of Decomposable Poverty Measures', Econometrica, 52 (3), May, 761-66 -- 4. A.B. Atkinson (1970), 'On the Measurement of Poverty', Econometrica, 55 (4), July, 749-64 -- 5. Amartya Sen (1983), 'Poor, Relatively Speaking', Oxford Economic Papers, 35 (2), 153-69 [17] -- 6. Peter Townsend (1985), 'A Sociological Approach to the Measurement of Poverty-A Rejoinder to Professor Amartya Sen', Oxford Economic Papers, 37 (4), December, 659-68 -- 7. Amartya Sen (1985), 'A Sociological Approach to the Measurement of Poverty: A Reply to Peter Townsend', Oxford Economic Papers, 37 (4), December, 669-76 -- 8. Lawrence Haddad and Ravi Kanbur (1990), 'How Serious is the Neglect of Intra-Household Inequality?', Economic Journal, 100 (402), September, 866-81 -- 9. Mollie Orshansky (1965), 'Counting the Poor: Another Look at the Poverty Profile', Social Security Bulletin, 28 (1), January, 3-29 -- 10. Joel Greer and Erik Thorbecke (1986), 'A Methodology for Measuring Food Poverty Applied to Kenya', Journal of Development Economics, 24 (1), November, 59-74 -- 11. Martin Ravallion and Benu Bidani (1994), 'How Robust is a Poverty Profile', World Bank Economic Review, 8 (1), January, 75-102 -- 12. Martin Ravallion and Binayak Sen (1996), 'When Method Matters: Monitoring Poverty in Bangladesh,' Economic Development and Cultural Change, 44 (4), July, 761-92 -- 13. Victor R. Fuchs (1967), 'Redefining Poverty and Redistributing Income', Public Interest, 8, Summer, 88-95 -- 14. Arie Kapetyn, Peter Kooreman and Rob Willemse (1988), 'Some Methodological Issues in the Implementation of Subjective Poverty Definitions', Journal of Human Resources, 23 (2), Spring, 222-42 -- 15. Menno Pradhan and Martin Ravallion (2000), 'Measuring Poverty Using Qualitative Perceptions of Consumption Adequacy', Review of Economics and Statistics, 82 (3), August, 462-71 -- 16. Brigitte Buhmann, Lee Rainwater, Guenther Schmaus and Timothy M. Smeeding (1988), 'Equivalence Scales, Well-being, Inequality and Poverty: Sensitivity Estimates Across Ten Countries Using the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS) Database', Review of Income and Wealth, 34 (2), 115-42 -- 17. Jean Drèze and P.V. Srinivasan (1997), 'Widowhood and Poverty in Rural India: Some Inferences From Household Survey Data', Journal of Development Economics, 54 (2), December, 217-34 -- 18. Daniel T. Slesnick (1993), 'Gaining Ground: Poverty in the Postwar United States', Journal of Political Economy, 101 (1), February, 1-38 -- 19. Montek S. Ahluwalia, Nicholas G. Carter and Hollis B. Chenery (1979), 'Growth and Poverty in Developing Countries', Journal of Development Economics, 6 (3), 299-341 -- 20. Martin Ravallion, Gaurav Datt and Dominique van de Walle (1991), Quantifying Absolute Poverty in the Developing World', Review of Income and Wealth, 37 (4), December, 345-361.
    Abstract: 21. Shaohua Chen and Martin Ravallion (2001), 'How did the World's Poorest Fare in the 1900s?', Review of Income and Wealth, 47 (3), September, 283-300 -- 22. Shaohua Chen and Martin Ravallion (2010), 'The Developing World is Poorer than we Thought, but no Less Successful in the Fight Against Poverty', Quarterly Journal of Economics, 125 (4), November, 1577-625 -- 23. Angus Deaton (2010), 'Price Indexes, Inequality and the Measurement of World Poverty', American Economic Review, 100 (1), March, 5-34 -- 24. Francisco H.G. Ferreira, Shaohua Chen, Andrew Dabalen, Yuri Dikhanov, Nada Hamadeh, Dean Jolliffe, Ambar Narayan, Espen Beer Prydz, Ana Revenga, Prem Sangraula, Umar Serajuddin and Nobuo Yoshida (2016), 'A Global Count of the Extreme Poor in 2012: Data Issues, Methdology and Initial Results', Journal of Economic Inequality, 14 (2), June, 141-72 -- 25. Stephan Klasen, Tatyana Krivobokova, Friederike Greb, Rahul Lahoti, Syamsul Hidayat Pasaribu and Manuel Wisenfarth (2016),'International Income Poverty Measurement: Which Way Now?', Journal of Economic Inequality, 14 (2), June, 199-225 -- 26. Sanjay Reddy and Rahul Lahoti (2016), '$1.90 a Day: What Does it Say? The New International Poverty Line', New Left Review, 97, January-February, 106-27 -- 27. Martin Ravallion and Shaohua Chen (2011) 'Weakly Relative Poverty', Review of Economics and Statistics, 93 (4), November, 1251-261 -- 28. Martin Ravallion (2016), 'Toward Better Global Poverty Measures', Journal of Economic Inequality, 14 (2), June, 227-48 -- 29. François Bourguignon and Sayta R. Chakravarty (2003), 'The Measurement of Multidimensional Poverty', Journal of Economic Inequality, 1 (1), April, 25-49 -- 30. Satya R. Chakravarty and Conchita D'Ambrosio (2006), 'The Measurement of Social Exclusion', Review of Income and Wealth, 52 (3), September, 377-98 -- 31. D. Jayaraj and S. Subramanian (2010), 'A. Chakravarty - D'Ambrosio View of Multidimensional Deprivation: Some Estimates for India', Economic and Political Weekly, XLX (6), February, 53-65 -- 32. Sabina Alkire and James Foster (2011), 'Counting and Multidimensional Poverty Measurement', Journal of Public Economics, 95 (7-8), August, 476-87 -- 33. Jean-Yves Duclos, David E. Sahn and Stephen D. Younger (2006) 'Robust Multidimensional Poverty Comparisons', Economic Journal, 116 (514), October, 943-68 -- 34. Stephan Klasen (2000), 'Measuring Poverty and Deprivation in South Africa', Review of Income and Wealth, 46 (1), March, 33-58 -- 35. Sabine Alkire and Maria Emma Santos (2014), 'Measuring Acute Poverty in the Developing World: Robustness and Scope of the Multidimensional Poverty Index', World Development, 59, July, 251-74 -- 36. Martin Ravallion (2011) 'On Multidimensional Indices of Poverty', Journal of Economic Inequality, 9 (2), March, 235-48 -- 37. Nicole Rippin (2016), 'Multidimensional Poverty in Germany: A Capability Approach', Forum for Social Economics, 45 (2-3), 230-55 -- 38. Jyotsna Jalan and Martin Ravallion (1998), 'Transient Poverty in Postreform Rural China', Journal of Comparative Economics, 26 (2), June, 338-57 -- 39. Ethan Ligon and Laura Schechter (2003), 'Measuring Vunerability', Economic Journal', 113 (486), March, C95-C102.
    Abstract: 40. Felix Povel (2015), 'Measuring Exposure to Downside Risk with an Application to Thailand and Vietnam', World Development, 71, July, 4-24 -- 41. Walter Bossert, Satya Chakravarty and Conchita D' Ambrosio (2012), 'Poverty and Time', Journal of Economic Inequality, 10 (2), June, 145-62.
    Abstract: This impressive research collection discusses the most important contributions by some of the leading scholars in the field of poverty measurement. It analyses what constitutes poverty and associated poverty measures, as well as conceptual and empirical approaches to set poverty lines for both national and international settings. The research collection also discusses national and international income poverty measures, multidimensional poverty indices, and ways to capture poverty dynamics
    Note: Includes index
    DOI: 10.4337/9781786436955
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 10
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    Creative industries and entrepreneurship : paradigms in transition from a global perspective (2018)
    Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781786435927
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 326 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Elgaronline
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar books
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Creative industries and entrepreneurship
    DDC: 338.477
    RVK:
    QP 230
    Keywords: Kreativsektor ; Kultursektor ; Entrepreneurship ; Welt ; Entrepreneurship ; Cultural industries ; Kulturindustrie ; Kreativität ; Medienwirtschaft ; Informationswirtschaft ; Musikwirtschaft ; Management ; Potenzial ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Stadtentwicklung ; Kultur ; Einflussgröße ; Datenspeicherung ; Marketing ; Erde ; Electronic books ; Kulturindustrie ; Unternehmer ; Unternehmensgründung ; Entrepreneurship ; Kulturwirtschaft
    Abstract: Contents: Introduction / Luciana Lazzeretti and Marilena Vecco -- Part I: Cultural and creative industries and creative entrepreneurship: an overview -- 1. The rise of cultural and creative industries in creative economy research: a bibliometric analysis / Luciana Lazzeretti, Francesco Capone and Niccolò Innocenti -- 2. Entrepreneurship and creative industries in developing and developed countries / Rafael Boix Domènech, Luciana Lazzeretti and Daniel Sánchez Serra -- 3. In search of creative entrepreneurship: an exploratory analysis / Leonardo Mazzoni and Luciana Lazzeretti -- Part II: Cultural and creative industries and creative entrepreneurship in first-generation countries -- 4. Unpicking the fashion city: global perspectives on design, manufacturing and symbolic production in urban formations / Patrizia Casadei and David Gilbert -- 5. Knowledge brokerage and creativity in a collaborative online innovation network of fashion makers / Jessica D. Giusti and Fernando G. Alberti -- 6. The Montreal videogame studio and its local ecosystem as a key resource of creativity / Patrick Cohendet and Laurent Simon -- 7. A private entrepreneur and his art museum: how MONA took Tasmania to the world / Ruth Rentschler, Kim Lehman and Ian Fillis -- 8. Modelling cultural entrepreneurial regimes in Central and Eastern Europe: a symbolic data analysis approach / Marilena Vecco and Andrej Srakar -- 9. Creative milieus in the metropolis' periphery: from the massification of Lisbon's city centre to the liveliness of 'Margem Sul' / Pedro Costa and Ricardo Venâncio Lopes -- Part III: Cultural and creative industries and entrepreneurship in second-generation countries -- 10. The creative economy, digital disruption and collaborative innovation in China / Michael Keane, Ying Chen and Wen Wen -- 11. Chinese creative entrepreneurs in fashion and luxury: an exploratory case study of a concept store in Beijing / Serena Rovai and Nicola Bellini -- 12. The dynamics and patterns of a cultural and creative industry in Brazil from an international business perspective: the wine industry as a creative industry / Dinorá Eliete Floriani and Mohamed Amal -- 13. Cultural and creative industries in Mexico: the role of export-oriented manufacturing metro areas / Marcos Valdivia -- 14. Institutional change and the creative industries: the Colombian case / Jaime Ruiz-Gutiérrez and Mónica Muñoz-Vela -- 15. Creative entrepreneurship and FDI in Egypt: an empirical illustration from the ICT sector / Roberta Apa, Dina Mansour and Silvia Rita Sedita -- Index.
    Abstract: This book analyses the relationship between creative and cultural industries, local economic development and entrepreneurship from a global perspective. In so doing, it investigates the evolving paradigm of creative industries and creative entrepreneurship and their related economy over time. Creative Industries and Entrepreneurship explores cultural and creative economics, management, entrepreneurship, international business, and urban and regional sciences, in both developed and newly emerging countries. The authors provide a framework to understand the evolving paradigm of creative industries and creative entrepreneurship while highlighting the distinction between 'first generation countries' such as the US, Canada, Australia and Europe, and 'second generation countries' in Asia, South America and North Africa. By adopting a multidisciplinary approach, the book develops a comprehensive overview of the composite phenomenon of the creative economy and its relationship with entrepreneurship. This inter-disciplinary work will appeal to researchers and scholars interested in creative industries, the creative economy and entrepreneurship, in addition to policy makers and managers within these areas. Readers will find an up-to-date presentation of existing and new research perspectives in these domains
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    DOI: 10.4337/9781786435927
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 11
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    Evolving properties of intellectual capitalism : Patents and innovation for growth and welfare (2018)
    Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9780857935465
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 498 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Elgaronline
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar books
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Granstrand, Ove, 1944 - Evolving properties of intellectual capitalism
    DDC: 346.40486
    Keywords: Immaterielle Werte ; IP-Management ; Patent ; Innovation ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Immaterialgüterrechte ; Innovationssystem ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Theorie ; Welt ; Entrepreneurship ; Patent laws and legislation ; Europe ; Intellectual property ; Europe ; Technological innovations ; Law and legislation ; Europe ; Entrepreneurship ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Contents: Preface -- 1. Innovation, IP and intellectual capitalism -- 2. Analytical framework -- 3. Patents and innovations for growth and welfare - a literature review -- 4. Methodology -- 5. Patents, innovations and growth - empirical analysis -- 6. What explains fluctuations in patenting frequency and propensity? -- 7. Discussion and general innovation and IP policy recommendations -- 8. Special recommendations for increasing patent knowledge and patenting -- 9. Patent and innovation system developments in Europe, Asia and the US -- 10. Transnational policy recommendations and policy issues -- 11. Global innovation and intellectual capitalism -- 12. Summary and conclusions -- References -- Index.
    Abstract: The intangible capitalist economy, that is intellectual capitalism, continues evolving, driven by technological innovations and various forms of entrepreneurship. The creation of intellectual capital and intellectual properties lies at its heart. This eagerly anticipated book analyzes the many complex links between R&D, patents, innovations, entrepreneurship, growth and value creation in this process. Based on an extensive array of national empirical and policy studies, Ove Granstrand explores a comprehensive range of innovation and intellectual property (IP) issues that pertain not only to Europe but to the entire world. These issues include the role of patents and licensing in the governance of technology and innovation, and the many uses and abuses of patents. The text also details new IP phenomena in an increasingly patent-intensive world with patent-rich multinationals and patent-savvy new entrants from Asia. In a world facing challenges that call for innovative responses, this book contains a set of valuable policy recommendations for strengthening innovativeness for economic growth and ultimately for social value creation. This timely book will be a valuable resource for economics, law and management scholars wishing to gain a thorough understanding of the topic. Practitioners and policy-makers will also greatly benefit from reading this volume, following up on the author's widely acclaimed book published in 1999 The Economics and Management of Intellectual Property: Towards Intellectual Capitalism
    DOI: 10.4337/9780857935465
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 12
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    A history of the global economy : the inevitable accident (2018)
    Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781788971980
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 495 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Elgaronline
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar books
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als White, Colin, 1943 - A history of the global economy
    DDC: 330.9
    RVK:
    QG 000
    RVK:
    QM 100
    Keywords: Wirtschaftsgeschichte ; Geschichte ; Welt ; Economic history ; Economic development Social aspects ; Economics History ; Electronic books ; Weltwirtschaft ; Wirtschaft ; Geschichte
    Abstract: Contents: Preface -- Part I: Introduction -- 1. Finding a common economic pathway -- 2. Transitions and revolutions -- Part II: Beginnings: place and people -- 3. Changing contexts -- 4. The past within us -- 5. The dynamic forager -- Part III: The agricultural phase, from 15000 BC to 1800 AD -- 6. Asking the wrong questions -- 7. The agricultural revolution: 15000BC - 0 -- 8. Innovativeness in agrarian civilisations: 15000BC - 1800AD -- Part IV: Empires and the rise of agrarian civilisations -- 9. The emergence of complex political organisation -- 10. First civilisations 11. The rise of an eastern agrarian civilisation: China -- 12. Imperialism moves westward -- 13. Imperial structures and their finite lifetimes -- 14. A natural experiment - the Americas -- Part V: Commerce as an enabler of modern economic development -- 15. The building of a global world: trade systems before 1500 -- 16. The circle completed: 1500-1800 -- 17. The integration of the global economy: 1700-1900 -- 18. Creative innovativeness in full bloom -- Part VI: The emergence of the modern economy -- 19. The inception of modern economic development -- 20. Stage one - the Industrial revolution in Britain -- 21. More industrial revolutions -- 22. The Asian miracle? -- Part VII: Where are we at? -- 23. Stage two of modern economic development: the service revolution -- 24. Looking backwards in order to peer forwards -- Index.
    Abstract: Providing an exceptional overview and analysis of the global economy, from the origins of Homo sapiens to the present day, Colin White explores our past to help understand our economic future. He veers away from traditional Eurocentric approaches, providing a truly global scope for readers. A History of the Global Economy takes a holistic, interdisciplinary approach, beyond the narrow application of economic theory, to include the impact of climate change, genetics and culture. The main themes include the creative innovativeness of humans and how this generates economic progression, the common economic pathway trodden by all societies and the complementary relationship between government and the market. The book moves through the four key economic stages of human history - foraging, agriculture, industry and services - to finally examine where the direction of our future may lie. This comprehensive and ambitious book is a must-read for economists, particularly economic historians, as well as anthropology and political history scholars. It not only explores the history and origins of the global economy but also provides a valuable analysis of the current state of economic affairs, making it an ideal book for those wishing to understand more about our ever-evolving global society
    DOI: 10.4337/9781788971980
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 13
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    World class : how to build a 21st-century school system (2018)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264300002
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (301 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Strong Performers and Successful Reformers in Education
    Series Statement: Strong performers and successful reformers in education
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Schleicher, Andreas, 1964 - World class
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe: Schleicher, Andreas: World class
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    DK 1020
    RVK:
    DK 1040
    Keywords: Schule ; Schulpolitik ; Welt ; Education ; Schule ; Schulpolitik
    Abstract: In a world where the kind of things that are easy to teach and test have also become easy to digitise and automate, it will be our imagination, our awareness and our sense of responsibility that will enable us to harness the opportunities of the 21st century to shape the world for the better. Tomorrow’s schools will need to help students think for themselves and join others, with empathy, in work and citizenship. They will need to help students develop a strong sense of right and wrong, and sensitivity to the claims that others make. What will it take for schools to be able to do this? Andreas Schleicher, initiator of the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) and an international authority on education policy, has accompanied education leaders in over 70 countries in their efforts to design and implement forward-looking policies and practices. While improvement in education is far easier to proclaim than achieve, in this book Schleicher examines the many successes from which we can learn. This does not mean copying and pasting solutions from other schools or countries, but rather looking seriously and dispassionately at good practice in our own countries and elsewhere to understand what works in which contexts. Trained in physics, Schleicher offers a unique perspective on education reform: he convincingly argues that it should not necessarily be less of an art, but more of a science. “No one knows more about education around the world than Andreas Schleicher. Full stop. For the first time, he's collected 20 years worth of wisdom in one place. World Class should be required reading for policy makers, education leaders and anyone who wants to know how our schools can adapt for the modern world – and help all kids learn to think for themselves.” – Amanda Ripley, author of The Smartest Kids in the World, a New York Times bestseller “[Schleicher]…grasps all the key issues, and does so through keeping his ear to the ground and by working out solutions jointly with a variety of leaders at all levels of the system, and in diverse societies” – Michael Fullan, Global Leadership Director, New Pedagogies for Deep Learning “Every visionary leader who is serious about improving student learning should add the data-driven World Class: How to Build a 21st-Century School System to the top of his or her reading list.” – Jeb Bush, 43rd Governor of Florida, and Founder and Chairman of the Foundation for Excellence in Education “…a must-read for those who wish to create a future in which economic opportunity can be shared by all.” – Klaus Schwab, Founder and Executive Chairman of the World Economic Forum "In this timely and forward-looking book, one of the most knowledgeable educators in the world draws on impressive data, keen observations, and considerable wisdom to indicate the paths to effective education for all young people." – Howard Gardner, Senior Director of Harvard Project Zero, Harvard Graduate School of Education
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264300002-en
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  • 14
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    Effective teacher policies : insights from PISA (2018)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264301597 , 9789264301603
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (163 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: PISA
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Effective teacher policies
    RVK:
    DI 1000
    RVK:
    DN 1000
    RVK:
    DK 1040
    Keywords: Lehrkräfte ; Schulpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Lehrkräfte ; Schulpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Education ; Schulpolitik ; Lehrer
    Abstract: Teachers are the most important resource in today’s schools. In every country, teachers’ salaries and training represent the greatest share of expenditure in education. And this investment in teachers can have significant returns: research shows that being taught by the best teachers can make a real difference in the learning and life outcomes of otherwise similar students. Teachers, in other words, are not interchangeable workers in some sort of industrial assembly line; individual teachers can change lives – and better teachers are crucial to improving the education that schools provide. Improving the effectiveness, efficiency and equity of schooling depends, in large measure, on ensuring that competent people want to work as teachers, that their teaching is of high quality and that high-quality teaching is provided to all students. This report, building on data from the Indicators of Education Systems (INES) programme, the Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) and the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), explores three teacher-policy questions: How do the best-performing countries select, develop, evaluate and compensate teachers? How does teacher sorting across schools affect the equity of education systems? And how can countries attract and retain talented men and women to teaching?
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264301603-en
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  • 15
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    New directions in productivity measurement and efficiency analysis : counting the environment and natural resources (2017)
    Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781786432421
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 278 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Elgaronline
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar books
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als New directions in productivity measurement and efficiency analysis
    DDC: 658.4/08
    Keywords: 1992-2014 ; Umweltökonomische Gesamtrechnung ; Produktivität ; Effizienz ; Messung ; Welt ; Environmental auditing ; Electronic books ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Industrie ; Produktivitätsmessung ; Effizienzanalyse ; Umweltökonomie
    Abstract: Contents: 1. Introduction / Tiho Ancev, M. A. Samad Azad and Francesc Hernández Sancho -- 2. Environmentally adjusted productivity and efficiency: a review of concepts, methods and empirical work / Tiho Ancev, M. A. Samad Azad and Mahmuda Akter -- 3. Modeling pollution abatement technologies as a network / Rolf G. Färe, Shawna Grosskopf, Carl A. Pasurka, Jr. -- 4. Efficiency analysis in uncertain operating environments: the problem with outliers / Kevin J. Fox and Lisa Y.T. Lee -- 5. Assessing stream health with respect to ecological connectivity / H.K. Edmonds, J.E. Lovell and C.A.K. Lovell -- 6. Accounting for nutrient pollution in measuring agricultural total factor productivity: a study of OECD economies / Viet-Ngu Hoang and Clevo Wilson -- 7. Incorporating the environment in agricultural productivity: applying advances in international environmental accounting / Carl Obst and Mark Eigenraam -- 8. Climate adjusted productivity in australian cropping farms / Neal Hughes and Kenton Lawson -- 9. Environmentally adjusted efficiency of municipal water suppliers / Fransec Hernández-Sancho and Águeda Bellver-Domingo -- 10. Valuing environmental and health impacts from action in wastewater management / Francesc Hernández-Sancho, Birguy Lamizana-Diallo and William Ingram -- 11. Estimating the cost of carbon abatement for China / Atakelty Hailu and Chunbo Ma -- 12. Environmentally adjusted efficiency of shrimp farming in Bangladesh / Hasneen Jahan and Tiho Ancev -- Index.
    Abstract: This book explores novel research perspectives at the intersection of environmental/natural resource economics and productivity analysis, emphasizing the link between productivity and efficiency measurement, and environmental impacts. The purpose of the book is to present new approaches and methods for measuring environmentally adjusted productivity and efficiency, and for incorporating natural resources in standard national accounting practices. These methods are applicable in many contexts, including air and water pollution, climate change, green accounting, and environmental regulation. The contributions, written by distinguished leaders in the field, provide an up-to-date assessment of the state of the art in environmentally adjusted productivity and efficiency analysis. A review of the rapidly expanding literature is included and complemented by international case studies. The book's forward-looking ideas and new theories and methods trace future directions in this exciting and topical research area. This is an essential tool for researchers and scholars, including postgraduate students, working in the area of international and environmental accounting, and productivity and efficiency analysis. The book will also have a broad appeal for various professionals including statisticians, national accountants and policymakers
    DOI: 10.4337/9781786432421
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  • 16
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    The role of development finance in climate action post-2015 (2016)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD development co-operation working paper 31
    Series Statement: OECD Development Co-operation Working Papers no.31
    Keywords: 2015 - 2030 ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Klimawandel ; Umweltkosten ; Entwicklungsfinanzierung ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Umweltabkommen ; Welt ; Development ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This working paper reflects on the outcomes of the 2015 agreements on development and environment including the Sendai Framework, the Addis Ababa Action Agenda, the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals, and the Paris Agreement. It identifies common themes emerging from the international agreements and their implications for development co-operation providers and their partners. The paper outlines existing synergies between climate and development finance and proposes factors to improve coherence for sustainable development with a particular focus on the role of development co-operation providers in the post-2015 context. The paper contributes to the discussion about how the international community can successfully deliver on the commitments to sustainable development and climate action made in 2015.
    DOI: 10.1787/18a859bf-en
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  • 17
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    Handbook of service business : management, marketing, innovation and internationalisation (2015)
    Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781781000410
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 448 pages)
    Series Statement: Research handbooks in business and management series
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Series Statement: Research handbooks in business and management
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Handbook of service business
    RVK:
    QQ 250
    Keywords: Dienstleistungsmanagement ; Dienstleistungsmarketing ; Innovationsmanagement ; Internationale Geschäftsbeziehungen ; Dienstleistungssektor ; Welt ; Service industries ; Electronic books ; Dienstleistungssektor ; Marketing ; Dienstleistungssektor ; Management
    Abstract: Service business accounts for more than 75 per cent of the wealth and employment created in most developed market economies. This interdisciplinary Handbook provides a critical and multi-disciplinary review of current service business processes and practices. Broadening our understanding of services in the world economy, the editors push back the frontiers of current critical thinking by bringing together eminent scholars from economics, management, sociology, public policy, planning and geography. Chapters contribute to ongoing debates about the nature and management of service business and the characteristics of service-led economies. Disciplinary perspectives on services, services and core business processes, and the management of service business are explored. Included is a series of case studies from the EU, USA, UK and Australia. Designed as an additional text for undergraduates and postgraduate studies, this book will appeal to students and scholars seeking a multi-disciplinary understanding of this increasingly mainstream field
    Abstract: pt. I. Understanding service business : disciplinary perspectives -- pt. II. Services and core business processes -- pt. III. Managing service businesses -- pt. IV. Understanding service business -- pt. V. Conclusion: A new research agenda?
    DOI: 10.4337/9781781000410
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 18
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    Ensuring quality in cross-border higher education : implementing the UNESCO/OECD guidelines (2015)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264248465 , 9789264243538
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (129 Seiten)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Vincent-Lancrin, Stéphan Garantir la qualité de l'enseignement supérieur transnational
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Vincent-Lancrin, Stéphan Ensuring quality in cross-border higher education
    Keywords: Studium ; International ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Qualität ; Welt ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; OECD ; Studium ; Internationale Kooperation ; Qualität
    Abstract: In the past decade, many countries have designed explicit internationalisation policies for their higher education systems, acknowledging the benefits of international exposure to prepare students for a globalising economy as well as the many opportunities of cross-border mobility for innovation, improvement and capacity development in higher education and in the economy. Cases of fraud and opportunistic behaviour have shown that these promises come with risks for students and other tertiary education stakeholders though. It is precisely to help all stakeholders to minimise these risks and strengthen the dynamics of openness, collaboration and transparency across countries that UNESCO and OECD jointly developed the Guidelines for Quality Provision in Cross-Border Higher Education. This book monitors the extent to which tertiary education stakeholders complied with the Guidelines in 2014. It will be of interest to policy makers, leaders of tertiary education institutions and quality assurance agencies, as well as to academics and other parties interested in higher education and its internationalisation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264243538-en
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  • 19
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    Online Resource
    Comparing happiness across the world : does culture matter? (2015)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 S.) , graph. Darst., Kt.
    Series Statement: OECD statistics working papers 2015/04
    Keywords: Zufriedenheit ; Sozialer Indikator ; Vergleich ; Welt ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The issue of cultural bias in subjective well-being data is often raised, but rarely well-documented. This paper reviews the main barriers to interpreting national differences in subjective well-being, noting the challenge of distinguishing between cultural bias (understood as measurement error) and cultural impact (where culture plays a more substantive role in shaping how people experience their lives). Several methods are then used to attempt to quantify the role of culture in subjective well-being, drawing on multiple waves of the Gallup World Poll, conducted in over 150 countries and territories. Regression analysis is used to identify country-specific fixed effects, which capture unexplained variance in subjective well-being at the country level, over and above a basic set of socio-economic and demographic controls. These country fixed effects then become the subject of three further investigations. The first examines whether survey measures of “cultural values” are able to explain the size and direction of country fixed effects; the second considers the evidence for international differences in “appraisal styles” (e.g. a more positive or negative outlook on life in general); and the third explores the “cultural transmission” of subjective well-being, focusing on the experiences of migrants to separate the effects of culture from those of broader life circumstances. The paper shows that, although life circumstances explain well the overall pattern of cross-country variation in subjective well-being, a gap is observed for some countries. Culture may account for some 20% of the country-specific unexplained variance. This combined effect of “cultural impact” and “cultural bias” is small when compared to the role of objective life circumstances in explaining subjective well-being outcomes.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5jrqppzd9bs2-en
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  • 20
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    Online Resource
    Contribution of trade facilitation measures to the operation of supply chains (2015)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (59 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD trade policy papers 181
    Keywords: Betriebliche Wertschöpfung ; Außenwirtschaftsförderung ; Vorleistungen ; Transparenz ; Außenwirtschaftspolitik ; Welt ; Trade ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report assesses how specific border procedures impact on the operation of supply chains and the resulting policy implications, using data from the OECD Trade Facilitation Indicators (TFIs) database and from the OECD-WTO database on trade-in-value-added. The assessment focusses on the impact of trade facilitation measures in three areas: on the amount of foreign value-added embodied in final domestic demand; on the amount of foreign value-added embodied in the gross exports of a reference country; and on the amount of domestic value-added embodied in foreign final demand for agriculture and primary products, low tech industries, medium-low tech industries, and high and medium-high tech industries. A small increase of 0.1 in TFIs performance could potentially generate increases in a country’s value-added “imports” in a range of between 1.5 and 3.5%, while in the case of “exports” these increases could range between 1 and 3%. Measures that enhance the predictability and the speed of movement of goods are critical factors that shape the sourcing decisions of companies. The impact is strongest when the value-added originates in medium-low tech industries, such as mining and quarrying or basic metals sectors, or in high and medium-high tech industries, such as transport equipment, chemicals and electrical and optical equipment, and is destined to high and medium-high tech industries. Key words: Customs, global value chains, GVCs, intermediate inputs, trade facilitation, trade flows, trade policy, transparency, simplification
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    DOI: 10.1787/5js0bslh9m25-en
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  • 21
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    Online Resource
    Trade, global value chains and wage-income inequality (2015)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (61 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD trade policy papers 182
    Keywords: Betriebliche Wertschöpfung ; Dienstleistungshandel ; Einkommensverteilung ; Globalisierung ; Auslandsverlagerung ; Welt ; Trade ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The rise in global value chain (GVC) participation has coincided with significant changes in the distribution of wage income both within and across countries. This paper sets out to identify the linkages between these phenomena. It shows that GVC participation has a small effect on the distribution of wages and, when it has, it can reduce wage inequality when it concerns participation related to low-skilled segments of the labour force. This suggests that the potential tensions between equity and aggregate economic outcomes of GVC participation hold only in particular cases, namely when participation relates to high-skilled segments of the labour force. For policy-makers seeking to maximise the benefits of GVC participation, questions of a more equitable distribution of returns to workers might focus on skill-upgrading of low-skilled labour by promoting further tertiary education and development of skills.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5js009mzrqd4-en
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  • 22
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    Online Resource
    The use of patent statistics for international comparisons and analysis of narrow technological fields (2015)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (41 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry working papers 2015/05
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry working papers
    Keywords: Umwelttechnik ; Innovation ; Patent ; Statistik ; Vergleich ; Welt ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Patent data provide an increasingly used means to analyse innovation performance worldwide including in countries with incomplete data coverage, such as some developing countries. This paper discusses the specific issues associated with using patent data for measuring and analysing innovation in narrow technological fields, such as many environment-related technologies. To improve cross-country comparability of patent statistics, the paper advocates the use of indicators based on patent family size because they are more flexible and can be adapted to various applications. The paper also examines certain idiosyncratic characteristics of patent databases and proposes approaches to mitigate potential biases in empirical cross-country analyses. While doing so is particularly important for analyses of narrow technological fields such as many environment- and climate-related technologies, some of these issues are relevant for patent analysis more broadly.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5js03z98mvr7-en
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  • 23
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    The economic feedbacks of loss of biodiversity and ecosystems services (2015)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (26 S.) , graph. Darst., Kt.
    Series Statement: OECD environment working papers 93
    Keywords: Ökosystem ; Artenvielfalt ; Wirtschaftswissenschaft ; Welt ; Environment ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The topic of biodiversity loss has been the subject of a vast and growing scientific and economic literature. Species are estimated to be going extinct at rates 100 to 1000 times faster than in geological times. Globally, terrestrial biodiversity is projected to decrease by a further 10% by 2050. As with biodiversity, the planet has also experienced major losses in the services derived from ecosystems. During the last century, for example, the planet has lost 50% of its wetlands, 40% of its forests and 35% of its mangroves. Around 60% of global ecosystem services have been degraded in just 50 years. While there is a large and growing literature on the values associated with the services that ecosystems provide, much less has been done in analysing the causality in the other direction – i.e. in assessing the linkages from changes in ecosystem services to the functioning of the economy. This report contributes to an effort to identify environmental pressures under different structural and environmental policy assumptions and the associated damages that will result under different economic scenarios to 2050. Based on these it aims, inter alia, to examine how the environmental pressures may affect economic growth paths. This report contributes to that goal by looking at the consequences of the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services. It does so by reviewing the main findings in the literature and key issues involved in the valuation of biodiversity and ecosystems services, as well as key issues involved in linking loss of biodiversity and ecosystems services to economic activity. The report finishes by identifying the main opportunities and obstacles in including biodiversity and eco-system services into a dynamic general equilibrium framework.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5jrqgv610fg6-en
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  • 24
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    Lessons from PISA for Korea (2014)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264190665
    Language: English
    Pages: 199 S.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Strong performers and successful reformers in education
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Lessons from PISA for Korea (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Lessons from PISA for Korea
    Keywords: Bildungsforschung ; Vergleich ; Südkorea ; Welt ; Education ; Korea, Republic of ; Südkorea ; Bildungsforschung ; PISA-Studie
    Abstract: The story of Korean education over the past 50 years is one of remarkable growth and achievement. Korea is one of the top performing countries in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) survey and among those with the highest proportion of young people who have completed upper secondary and tertiary education. Korea is continuously exploring ways to improve its education system and has dramatically increased government investment in education over the last decade. Nevertheless, further reforms are needed to spur and sustain improvements. Rapid globalisation and modernisation are also posing new and demanding challenges to equip young people of today and tomorrow with skills relevant to the 21st century. The report Strong Performers and Successful Reformers in Education: Lessons from PISA for Korea aims at helping Korea to identify and address education policy challenges in an international perspective. To this end, it examines the Korean education system through the prism of PISA, considers recent policy developments and suggests specific policy options to foster improvements. The report also provides an in-depth analysis of the experience of other high-performing countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264190672-en
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  • 25
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    Equity, excellence and inclusiveness in education : policy lessons from around the world; [key topics from the 2014 international summit on the teaching profession] (2014)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264211377
    Language: English
    Pages: 108 S.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: International summit on the teaching profession
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Schleicher, Andreas, 1964 - Equity, excellence and inclusiveness in education
    Keywords: Lehrkräfte ; Bildungswesen ; Welt ; Education ; Konferenzschrift ; Schulpolitik ; Chancengleichheit ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Excellence in education without equity risks leading to large economic and social disparities; equity in education at the expense of quality is a meaningless aspiration. The most advanced education systems now set ambitious goals for all students, focusing on both excellence and equity. They also equip their teachers with the pedagogic skills that have been proven effective and with enough autonomy so that teachers can use their own creativity in determining the content and instruction they provide to their individual students. The fourth International Summit on the Teaching Profession brought together education ministers, union leaders and other teacher leaders from high-performing and rapidly improving education systems, as measured by PISA (the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment ). Their aim was to discuss equity, excellence and inclusiveness in education by exploring three questions: • How are high-quality teachers developed, and how do schools with the greatest need attract and retain them? • How can equity be ensured in increasingly devolved education systems? and • What kinds of learning environments address the needs of all students? To underpin the discussions, this publication identifies some of the steps policy makers can take to build school systems that are both equitable and excellent. The analysis is complemented with examples that illustrate proven or promising practices in specific countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264214033-en
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  • 26
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    An evaluation of international surveys of children (2014)
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (104 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD social, employment and migration working papers 146
    Keywords: Kinder ; Sozialer Indikator ; Welt ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report evaluates sources of international child well-being data to assess their suitability for supplementing national and transnational data sources to inform policy. The review of the leading surveys of children (and surveys of households with children) summarises the information available from these sources and, as importantly, identifies the gaps in measuring child well-being outcomes not covered by data from these sources. The report then undertakes an in-depth evaluation of possible systematic bias in the underlying survey population to provide confidence in the reliability of outcomes measured from these international surveys. Based on the overall evaluation, the report concludes with recommendations for the use and improvement of international surveys for monitoring child well-being.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5jxzmjrqvntf-en
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  • 27
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    Imagining more effective humanitarian aid : a donor perspective (2014)
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (29 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD development co-operation working papers 18
    Keywords: Humanitäre Hilfe ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Welt ; Development ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper is intended to provoke debate, and stimulate further thinking and study, about humanitarian effectiveness, and what that will mean for donors and other stakeholders, in the run-up to the World Humanitarian Summit in 2016. Today’s humanitarian system is made up of many different moving parts. These different parts are guided by different standards and learning initiatives, all aimed at promoting an effective humanitarian response. However, the system itself does not yet have a core set of shared values, and it is not clear whether the overall humanitarian endeavour is fit for purpose or optimally configured, given the challenges of a changing global context, and the increasing complexity of crises. A common framework for humanitarian effectiveness, designed to promote collective responsibility and mutual accountability, would ensure that each actor would be held accountable for their contribution to the same characteristics of effectiveness – based on what they can control, what they can influence and where they advocate – no matter who was assessing them. No doubt, a shared understanding of humanitarian effectiveness will also stimulate change in the design, tools and approaches, and results measurement, within the humanitarian system.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5jxx3d16snf7-en
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  • 28
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    State-invested enterprises in the global marketplace : implications for a level playing field (2014)
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD corporate governance working papers 14
    Keywords: 1998 - 2012 ; Luftverkehr ; Elektrizitätsversorgung ; Bergbau ; Erdölindustrie ; Telekommunikationsdienst ; Öffentliches Unternehmen ; Multinationales Unternehmen ; Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Welt ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: State-owned and other state-invested enterprises (SIEs) have become more prominent in the global economy over the last decade. A growing role for state-invested enterprises in the marketplace is not in itself onerous. According to an OECD consensus, as expressed through the Organisation’s legal instruments, SOEs can be operated according to similarly high standards of governance, transparency and efficiency as private companies, in which case the ownership issue is moot. However, only some of the world’s most advanced economies, following decades of reform of their SOE sectors, have approached this point. Moreover, when SOEs operate across borders the challenges may multiply. With this background, this paper compares the difference between SIEs and non- SIEs in five sectors: air transportation, electricity, mining, oil & gas and telecommunication. The empirical analysis indicates that, in addition to any financing advantages, large state-invested enterprises also seem to benefit from an unusually favourable position in their home markets. A comparative analysis further shows that, in the course of the last ten years, SIEs have generally enjoyed higher rates of return than comparable private companies. The paper concludes that the growing role of state-invested enterprises in the international marketplace does not yet present a serious macroeconomic challenge. However, since it is likely to keep growing for some time, challenges need to be addressed relatively soon. This makes for a strong case for enhanced policy coordination and information sharing. If legally binding instruments cannot be developed in the near to medium-term to ensure competitive neutrality, consultation mechanisms could be established through which the main players in international trade and investment can exchange views on matters of common concern related to the state in the marketplace. The ultimate purpose would be ensuring that the international trade and investment environment remains open, non-discriminatory and offering a level playing field.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5jz0xvfvl6nw-en
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  • 29
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    Good governance and national well-being : what are the linkages? (2014)
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (56 S.)
    Series Statement: OECD working papers on public governance 25
    Keywords: 2005 - 2012 ; Good Governance ; Gesundheit ; Zufriedenheit ; Welt ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The paper was prepared by John F. Helliwell, Haifang Huang, Shawn Grover and Shun Wang in collaboration with Mario Marcel, Martin Forst and Tatyana Teplova. This paper has three main objectives. The first is to review existing studies of the links between good governance and subjective well-being. The second is to bring together the largest available sets of nationallevel measures of the quality of governance, and to assess the extent to which they contribute to explaining the levels and changes in life evaluations in 157 countries over the years 2005-2012, using data from the Gallup World Poll already analysed in some detail in the World Happiness Report 2013. The third objective is to use subjective well-being research to suggest ways in which governance can be changed so as to improve lives in all countries, as measured by peoples’ own evaluations. The paper starts with a summary of the evidence and policy implications. There follow the four main sections of the paper, a statistical appendix containing a broad range of data and results, and an extensive annotated bibliography of empirical literature linking good governance and subjective well-being.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5jxv9f651hvj-en
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  • 30
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    Policy challenges for the next 50 years (2014)
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (67 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD economic policy papers 9
    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Umweltbelastung ; Einwanderung ; Haushaltskonsolidierung ; Einkommensverteilung ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Internationale Wirtschaft ; Wirtschaftliche Anpassung ; Koordination ; Bildungschancen ; Hochschule ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Welt ; Economics ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper identifies and analyses some key challenges that OECD and partner economies may face over the coming 50 years if underlying global trends relating to growth, trade, inequality and environmental pressures prevail. For example, global growth is likely to slow and become increasingly dependent on knowledge and technology, while the economic costs of environmental damages will mount. The rising economic importance of knowledge will tend to raise returns to skills, likely leading to further increases in earning inequalities within countries. While increases in pre-tax earnings do not automatically transform into rising income inequality, the ability of governments to cushion this impact may be limited, as rising trade integration and consequent rising mobility of tax bases combined with substantial fiscal pressures may hamper such efforts. The paper discusses to what extent national structural policies can address these and other interlinked challenges, but also points to the growing need for international coordination and cooperation to deal with these issues over the coming 50 years.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5jz18gs5fckf-en
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  • 31
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    Home sweet home : the determinants of residential satisfaction and its relation with well-being (2013)
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (42 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD statistics working papers 2013/05
    Keywords: Nachbarschaft ; Wohnstandort ; Gesundheit ; Wohnsoziologie ; Welt ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Housing is a core element of people’s material living standards. It is essential to meet basic needs, such as for shelter from weather conditions, and to offer a sense of personal security, privacy and personal space. Good housing conditions are also essential for people’s health and affect childhood development. Further, housing costs make up a large share of the household budget and constitute the main component of household wealth. Residential satisfaction is a broad concept, and is associated with multidimensional aspects including physical, social, and neighbourhood factors, as well as psychological and sociodemographic characteristics of the residents. By taking advantage of two household surveys (the EU-SILC ad hoc module on housing for European countries; and the Gallup World Poll for OECD countries and other major economies), this paper uses ordered probit analysis to explore the link between households’ residential satisfaction and a number of variables related to individuals, the households to which they belong, and the characteristics of the dwelling and neighbourhood where they live. The major findings of this analysis show a complex relationship between residential satisfaction and housing characteristics including neighbourhood’s features. Individual and household socio-demographic characteristics (e.g. age, gender, education) play a secondary role once dwelling and neighbourhood features are controlled for. Understanding the factors that lead to satisfaction with housing and residential environment is key for planning successful and effective housing policies.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5jzbcx0czc0x-en
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  • 32
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    Long-term growth scenarios (2013)
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department working papers 1000
    Keywords: Wirtschaftswachstum ; Wirtschaftsprognose ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper presents the results from a new model for projecting growth of OECD and major non-OECD economies over the next 50 years as well as imbalances that arise. A baseline scenario assuming gradual structural reform and fiscal consolidation to stabilise government-debt-to GDP ratios is compared with variant scenarios assuming deeper policy reforms. One main finding is that growth of the non-OECD G20 countries will continue to outpace OECD countries, but the difference will narrow substantially over coming decades. In parallel, the next 50 years will see major changes in the composition of the world economy. In the absence of ambitious policy changes, global imbalances will emerge which could undermine growth. However, ambitious fiscal consolidation efforts and deep structural reforms can both raise long-run living standards and reduce the risks of major disruptions to growth by mitigating global imbalances.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5k4ddxpr2fmr-en
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  • 33
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    Developments in regional trade agreements and the environment : 2012 update (2013)
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (30 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD trade and environment working papers 2013/04
    Keywords: Regionale Wirtschaftsintegration ; Handelsabkommen ; Welt ; Environment ; Trade ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report provides an update on recent developments in the field of Regional Trade Agreements and the environment. Issues arising in the implementation of RTAs with environmental considerations are examined as well as experience in assessing their environmental impacts. It is the sixth update prepared under the aegis of the Joint Working Party on Trade and Environment (JWPTE). The document covers developments from late 2011 to October 2012. It is based on publicly available information.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5k43m4nxwm25-en
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  • 34
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    Domestic incentive measures for renewable energy with possible trade implications (2013)
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (99 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD trade and environment working papers 2013/01
    Keywords: Erneuerbare Energie ; Förderung erneuerbarer Energien ; Handelseffekt ; Welt ; Energy ; Environment ; Trade ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: In recent years the manufacturing of renewable-energy technologies has become truly global. The associated rise in international investment and trade in goods and services related to renewable energy has been rapid, but it has not always been smooth. Already there have been challenges at the WTO, and the unilateral imposition of countervailing and anti-dumping duties, in response to some countries‘ policies on the grounds that they distort trade. Against this background, this paper surveys, through the lenses of market-pull and technology-push policies, the numerous domestic incentives used by governments to promote renewable energy, focusing on those that might have implications for trade — both those that are likely to increase opportunities for trade and those that may be inhibiting imports or promoting exports. Many OECD countries, and an increasing number of non-OECD countries, have established national targets for renewable energy. To help boost the rate of penetration of renewable energy in their economies, most of the same countries are providing additional incentives. Market-pull incentives for the deployment of renewable-energy-based electricity generating plants include quota systems, usually administrated through "green" certificates, and fixed per kilowatt-hour feed-in tariffs and premiums. Renewable fuels for transport are typically promoted by governments through obliging fuel suppliers to mix ethanol or biodiesel with their corresponding petroleum-derived fuels. Frequently, renewable fuels for transport also benefit from exemptions, or reductions in, fuel-excise taxes, and in a few countries from production bounties. Many national and sub-national governments also support capital formation in these industries with grants, subsidised loans, loan guarantees, or a combination of instruments. In some jurisdictions, access to government support schemes have been made conditional upon meeting certain minimum levels of domestic content. Such domestic-content requirements are highly controversial because of their direct effects on trade. These effects, and the effects of other policies in combination and in isolation, are examined through a graphical analysis of generic policies, using a simplified stylised representation of the relevant markets. The basic message is that while many domestic incentives are both increasing the supply of renewable energy and facilitating trade in associated technologies and renewable fuels, some — especially those combined with border protection or domestic-content requirements — are likely reducing export opportunities for foreign suppliers, and raising domestic prices for renewable energy as a consequence.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5k44srlksr6f-en
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  • 35
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    The impact of regional trade agreements on Chilean fruit exports (2013)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (48 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries working papers 64
    Series Statement: OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers no.64
    Keywords: Obst ; Agraraußenhandel ; Freihandelsabkommen ; Datenerhebung ; Chile ; Ökonometrisches Modell ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food ; Trade ; Chile ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report analyses the impact of Chile’s free trade agreements (FTAs) on fresh fruit exports. It finds that the FTAs have been important instruments for providing increased market access for Chilean products based on both an econometric analysis and structured surveys of exporters. While the impacts on profits were not considered to very significant according to exporters, the agreements are considered necessary to maintain a level playing field with Chile’s competitors. Both SAG, Chile’s plant and animal health authority, and Pro-Chile, Chile’s export promotion agency, were viewed as essential to promoting Chile’s reputation as an exporter of quality products. Interviews with trade associations covering a wide range of export products, found that while the FTAs provided entry points into markets, actual market access did not always benefit all sectors equally.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5k3z0kd43z5f-en
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  • 36
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    The impact of regional trade agreements on trade in agricultural products (2013)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (31 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries working papers 65
    Series Statement: OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers no.65
    Keywords: 1998 - 2009 ; Regionale Wirtschaftsintegration ; Handelsabkommen ; Agraraußenhandel ; Handelspräferenzen ; Ökonometrie ; Schätzung ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food ; Trade ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Trade flows are significantly affected by the trade agreements both with respect to impacts on pre-existing trade flows, (intensive margin) and on new, previously non-existent trade flows (extensive margin). The effect of the Regional Trade Agreements on pre-existing trade flows are found to be significant with a mean elasticity of substitution at the product level of about 2 so that a 1% preferential margin increases trade by only 2% on average. Total bilateral exports are found to be increased by 18% on average for products benefiting from a preferential margin between 5 and 10%, and by 48% for products where the margin exceeds 10%. The effect of an RTA agreement on extensive margin is to increase the probability to export a given a product to a partner country by one percentage point on average. Furthermore preferential margins, as measured through their impact on tax-inclusive consumer prices, nearly double within eight years of entry into force rising from 4.7% to 8.9% on average.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5k3xznkz60vk-en
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  • 37
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    Review of the Seoul Declaration for the Future of the Internet Economy : synthesis report (2013)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (33 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD digital economy papers 225
    Keywords: Internet ; Electronic Commerce ; Welt ; Science and Technology ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper provides a synthesis of the review of the recommendations set out in the Seoul Declaration of 2008, and their implementation at the national and international levels. It focuses on seven main themes: access to the Internet via a high-speed infrastructure; review of the areas of digital content and green ICTs in the context of innovation and sustainable growth; understanding the data-driven Internet economy and the development of smarter applications; cybersecurity and privacy; empowering and protecting consumers; ensuring an open Internet economy; and ensuring global participation in the Internet economy for development.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5k43k95fr9s6-en
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  • 38
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    The competitiveness of global port-cities : synthesis report (2013)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (183 S.) , graph. Darst., Kt.
    Series Statement: OECD regional development working papers 2013/13
    Keywords: Hafen ; Stadtwachstum ; Interregionaler Handel ; Verkehrspolitik ; Regionales Wachstum ; Regionalentwicklung ; Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Welt ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report provides a synthesis of main findings from the OECD Port-Cities Programme, created in 2010 in order to assess the impact of ports on their cities and provide policy recommendations to increase the positive impacts of ports on their cities.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5k40hdhp6t8s-en
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  • 39
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    The relationship between local content, internet development and access prices (2013)
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (141 S.) , graph. Darst., Kt.
    Series Statement: OECD digital economy papers 217
    Keywords: Breitbandkommunikation ; Netzregulierung ; Internet ; Telekommunikationspreis ; Welt ; Science and Technology ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This research study is the result of a collaboration between the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the Internet Society (ISOC) and UNESCO. The study was initially presented at the sixth annual meeting of the Internet Governance Forum (IGF) on 27 September 2011 in Nairobi (Kenya). The study confirms that local content, Internet infrastructure and access prices are three inter-related elements. In particular: (i) better connectivity is significantly related to higher levels of local digital content creation; (ii) countries with more Internet infrastructure (at all income levels) are also countries which produce more local digital content as measured by Wikipedia entries and by web pages under a given country-code, top-level domain; (iii) countries with more international connectivity have lower domestic broadband prices, and countries with better domestic infrastructure have lower international bandwidth prices. The study concludes that three key lines of policy considerations evolve out of this research: (i) fostering content development, (ii) expanding connectivity, and (iii) promoting Internet access competition.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5k4c1rq2bqvk-en
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  • 40
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    Ensuring the global participation in the internet economy for development (2013)
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (36 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD digital economy papers 227
    Keywords: Electronic Commerce ; Welt ; Science and Technology ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The OECD Committee for Information, Computer and Communications Policy (ICCP) has reviewed progress made in the implementation of the 2008 Seoul Declaration for the Future of the Internet Economy as part of its 2011-12 programme of work. The review points policy makers to new issue areas that have arisen since the Seoul Ministerial and to issues for possible future work. This report addresses the theme “Ensuring the global participation in the Internet Economy for development”. It aims at analysing key parts of the Internet economy and how these contribute to an inclusive development in emerging and developing countries. It focuses on the following four areas: (i) increasing access to the Internet economy; (ii) promoting applications such as health, education and mobile banking applications and their use; (iii) developing skills for the Internet economy; and (iv) the role of innovation and new business models such as cloud computing for developing and emerging countries.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5k437p2rp4bq-en
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  • 41
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    Multilateralising regionalism : strengthening transparency disciplines in trade (2013)
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (47 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD trade policy papers 152
    Keywords: Anti-Korruption ; Handelsabkommen ; Handelspräferenzen ; Regionale Wirtschaftsintegration ; WTO-Recht ; Welt ; Trade ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Countries embarking on trade negotiations are not only seeking increased market access, but also, reduced market opacity. This study distils the most progressive practices for promoting regulatory transparency in over one hundred regional trade agreements (RTAs) concluded by OECD and large emerging economies over the last decade. While there is a lively discussion on strengthening transparency in the World Trade Organization (WTO), scant attention has been paid to the evolution of corresponding disciplines in RTAs. And yet, this study finds that RTAs can be credited for introducing instruments that not only deepen existing multilateral transparency commitments (“WTO-plus”), but expand them to new areas that do not have precedents in WTO agreements (“WTO-beyond”). In particular, the paper illuminates a number of options that may be useful for policy-makers to consider in their efforts to reinforce transparency and predictability in international trade policy. Most of the transparency mechanisms identified are being applied on a non-discriminatory basis, since they are often non-excludable and non-exhaustible. The implication is that, although WTO-plus transparency measures may be de jure preferential by virtue of being inscribed in an RTA, they are de facto being extended on a most-favoured nation (MFN) basis. Moreover, there is a considerable level of homogeneity in WTO-plus transparency provisions across a critical mass of RTAs, which may facilitate convergence and adoption at the multilateral level.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5k44t7k99xzq-en
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  • 42
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    Quantitative evidence on transparency in regional trade agreements (2013)
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD trade policy papers 153
    Keywords: Anti-Korruption ; Handelsabkommen ; Handelspräferenzen ; Regionale Wirtschaftsintegration ; Institutionelle Infrastruktur ; Transparenz ; Gravitationsmodell ; Governance-Ansatz ; WTO-Recht ; Welt ; Trade ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: What influences the adoption of transparency obligations in trade agreements, and what are its effects? This paper uses a new dataset on transparency provisions in over a hundred regional trade agreements (RTAs) to provide empirical evidence of the political economy determinants of international transparency commitments, as well as the trade impact of negotiating such transparency provisions in RTAs. The study finds that RTAs with deeper mechanisms for enhancing transparency appear to be more strongly trade-promoting than those with shallower commitments on transparency. Concretely, each additional transparency commitment negotiated in an RTA is associated with an increase in bilateral trade flows of more than one percent. Considering that comprehensive RTAs typically contain a dozen of such commitments, countries that opt for a comprehensive transparency agenda can expect to gain substantial increases in intra-regional trade. Moreover, the findings suggest that the readiness of trading partners to adhere to transparency norms is influenced by the quality of home institutions, which is consistent with a view that strengthening governance and regulatory capacities can contribute to a broader diffusion of transparency practices in international trade. Overall, the results of the analysis suggest that transparency should remain an important element of the trade agenda, both at the regional and multilateral levels.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5k450q9v2mg5-en
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  • 43
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    Environmental quality and life satisfaction : evidence based on micro-data (2012)
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 39 S., 1.89 MB) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD environment working paper 44
    Series Statement: OECD Environment Working Papers no.44
    Keywords: Umweltbewertung ; Zufriedenheit ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Environment ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Environmental conditions are likely to have an effect on people’s sense of life satisfaction, both directly and indirectly. In recent years there has been a burgeoning literature assessing the relationship between measures of environmental quality and subjective well-being. This type of studies can be a useful input into the setting of policy priorities. In this paper, the effects of individual and contextual factors on satisfaction with environmental quality and life satisfaction are assessed, using micro-data from a broad cross-section of OECD and non-OECD countries collected in the framework of the Gallup World Poll. In the analysis it is found that actual and perceived environmental quality has a significant effect on life satisfaction, with the magnitude being approximately half that of self-reported health status.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5k9cw678dlr0-en
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  • 44
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    The role of institutions and firm heterogeneity for labour market adjustment : cross-country firm-level evidence (2012)
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD social, employment and migration working papers 134
    Keywords: Arbeitnehmerschutz ; Finanzkrise ; Vergleich ; Welt ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper investigates the role of policies and institutions for aggregate labour market dynamics during the global financial crisis using firm-level data. The use of firm-level data is important if firms are heterogeneous in their labour input adjustment technologies. In this case, cross-country differences in aggregate labour market dynamics may not just stem from cross-country differences in average labour input technologies - here assumed to be largely due to differences in institutional settings -, but also from differences in the distribution of shocks across firms within countries and the composition of firms across countries. The contribution of this paper is threefold. First, the paper provides comparable estimates of the labour input adjustment behaviour of firms in response to output shocks across countries, industries and firm-size groups. Second, it makes use of decomposition methods to get a first indication of the importance of cross-country differences in adjustment technologies, the distribution of shocks across firms and the composition of firms across countries. We find that differences in the adjustment behaviour of firms account for about 40% of the cross-country variation in aggregate employment growth during the global financial crisis. We interpret this as prima facie evidence that differences in institutional settings accounted for a substantial part of the variation in aggregate employment growth during the crisis. Third, we find that employment-protection provisions with respect to regular workers reduce the output elasticity of employment, but increase the output elasticity of earnings per worker. Thus, employment protection tends to shift the burden of adjustment from the extensive to the intensive margin. However, the quantitative impact of employment protection for explaining the variation in aggregate labour dynamics during the global financial crisis is relatively small.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5k913gcn5bf3-en
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  • 45
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    Public debt, economic growth and nonlinear effects : myth or reality? (2012)
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department working papers 993
    Keywords: 1790-2009 ; Öffentliche Schulden ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Welt ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The economics profession seems to increasingly endorse the existence of a strongly negative nonlinear effect of public debt on economic growth. Reinhart and Rogoff (2010) were the first to point out that a public debt-to-GDP ratio higher than 90% of GDP is associated with considerably lower economic performance in advanced and emerging economies alike. A string of recent empirical papers broadly validates this threshold value. This paper seeks to contribute to this literature by putting a variant of the Reinhart-Rogoff dataset to a formal econometric testing. Using nonlinear threshold models, there is some evidence in favour of a negative nonlinear relationship between debt and growth. But these results are very sensitive to the time dimension and country coverage considered, data frequency (annual data vs. multi-year averages) and assumptions on the minimum number of observations required in each nonlinear regime. We show that when non-linearity is detected, the negative nonlinear effect kicks in at much lower levels of public debt (between 20% and 60% of GDP). These results, based on bivariate regressions on secular time series, are largely confirmed on a shorter dataset (1960-2010) when using a multivariate growth framework that accounts for traditional drivers of long-term economic growth and model uncertainty. Nonlinear effects might be more complex and difficult to model than previously thought. Instability might be a result of nonlinear effects changing over time, across countries and economic conditions. Further research is certainly needed to fully understand the link between public debt and growth.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5k918xk8d4zn-en
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  • 46
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    What drives tax morale? (2012)
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Working paper / OECD Development Centre 315
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.315
    Keywords: Steuermoral ; Steuerpolitik ; Welt ; Entwicklungsländer ; Development ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper reviews the literature and contributes with some evidence based on the World Values Survey on the drivers of tax morale around the world, with an emphasis on developing countries. It shows that socio-economic factors such as age, religion, gender, employment status and educational attainment have a significant impact on people’s levels of tax morale. In terms of institutional determinants, it finds that the satisfaction with democracy, trust in government and the satisfaction with the quality of public services plays an important role in increasing tax morale. The paper also discusses future directions for research and policy action in this area.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5k8zk8m61kzq-en
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  • 47
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    Mobilising investment in low carbon, climate resilient infrastructure (2012)
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD environment working papers 46
    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Förderung erneuerbarer Energien ; Investition ; Öffentlich-private Partnerschaft ; Infrastrukturinvestition ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Risiko-Ertrags-Verhältnis ; Private Investition ; Welt ; Environment ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper addresses several broad issues for governments aiming to encourage private sector investment in low-carbon climate resilient (LCR) infrastructure, in both developed and developing world contexts. LCR infrastructure is defined, recognizing the interdependencies between infrastructure systems, and the opportunities to tackle climate change adaptation and mitigation simultaneously in national strategic infrastructure plans. Review of the performance of OECD countries in reducing greenhouse gas emissions related to three categories of gross fixed capital formation is mixed. Half of the countries analysed achieved decoupling of emissions from capital formation in the residential building sector, but only two in the transportation sector and nine in power and industry. The paper reviews future global infrastructure needs under low carbon and business-as–usual scenarios. Although cost estimates are incomplete, the technical interdependency and financial tradeoffs between infrastructure systems suggests the potential to generate virtuous cycles of low carbon growth. Governments can encourage private investment in LCR infrastructure by improving the risk-return profile of projects. The paper provides a ranking of the most significant risks in financing LCR projects showing that policy (or sovereign) risks rank amongst the highest. The potential to finance LCR infrastructure in low income nations is challenging due to basic banking services, lack of non-bank financial services, weak risk management capacity and limited availability of long term funding. Drawing on OECD?s work on the water sector, the paper reviews financing mechanisms that help to increase access to commercial banks, bond finance, project finance and equity finance in developing countries. Green bonds are an example of a financing mechanism with strong potential for LCR infrastructure in developed countries, but supportive government policies are required. The paper concludes by considering governance arrangements that can enable and secure private engagement in LCR infrastructure investment, including public private partnerships (PPPs). Where governments have opted to use PPPs, government PPP units may be suitable administrative units for managing delivery of LCR performance as an integral part of the infrastructure project.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5k8zm3gxxmnq-en
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  • 48
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    Current status of national strategies for financial education : a comparative analysis and relevant practices (2012)
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD working papers on finance, insurance and private pensions 16
    Keywords: Finanzwissen ; Welt ; Finance and Investment ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: In both developing and developed economies, the awareness of the importance of financial education led to the development of an increasing number of tailored national strategies for financial education. These frameworks promote a smoother and more sustainable co-operation between interested parties and stakeholders, avoid duplication of resources and allow the development of articulated and tailored roadmaps with measurable and realistic objectives based on dedicated national assessments. The comparative analysis shows how countries overcame a series of challenges such as lack of resources, the identification a leading institution, gathering all stakeholders around common objectives and move efficiently to the operational phase. The experiences analysed in this report provide a global picture of the situation in 2011/12 and a selection of relevant solutions and tools to address these issues in a replicable way. This comparative report should be seen as a background document and as a complement to High-level Principles on National Strategies for Financial Education prepared by the OECD and its International Network on Financial Education (INFE).
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    DOI: 10.1787/5k9bcwct7xmn-en
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  • 49
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    Coverage of private pension systems : evidence and policy options (2012)
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD working papers on finance, insurance and private pensions 20
    Keywords: Private Altersvorsorge ; Welt ; Finance and Investment ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: To adapt pension systems to demographic trends, many countries are reducing pay-as-you-go public pension levels and lifting retirement ages. In this context, funded pensions could play a major role to avoid adequacy gaps. Yet, as this paper shows, the coverage of funded private pensions, as measured by enrolment rates, is highly uneven across countries and between individuals, especially in voluntary systems. Some countries have made funded pensions compulsory (e.g. Australia, Chile) or quasimandatory (e.g. Denmark, the Netherlands) to ensure that most workers are covered and therefore have access to a sufficiently high complementary pension. However, in other countries with relatively low pay-as-you-go public pension benefits, funded private provision remains voluntary. The low level of funded pensions’ coverage in such countries should be a major policy concern. Recent policy initiatives in Germany and New Zealand, involving the introduction of financial incentives (and auto enrolment in New Zealand) have been effective in raising coverage to the highest levels among voluntary pension arrangements, but coverage gaps remain that need to be addressed.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5k94d6gh2w6c-en
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  • 50
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    Looking to 2060 : long-term global growth prospects ; a going for growth report (2012)
    Paris : OECD
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    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD economic policy papers 3
    Keywords: -2060 ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Wirtschaftsprognose ; Wirtschaftliche Anpassung ; Haushaltskonsolidierung ; Welt ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report presents the results from a new model for projecting growth of OECD and major non-OECD economies over the next 50 years as well as imbalances that arise. A baseline scenario assuming gradual structural reform and fiscal consolidation to stabilise government-debt-to GDP ratios is compared with variant scenarios assuming deeper policy reforms. One main finding is that growth of the non-OECD G20 countries will continue to outpace OECD countries, but the difference will narrow substantially over coming decades. In parallel, the next 50 years will see major changes in the composition of the world economy. In the absence of ambitious policy changes, global imbalances will emerge which could undermine growth. However, ambitious fiscal consolidation efforts and deep structural reforms can both raise long-run living standards and reduce the risks of major disruptions to growth by mitigating global imbalances.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5k8zxpjsggf0-en
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  • 51
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    Efficiency of world ports in container and bulk cargo (oil, coal, ores and grain) (2012)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , Ill., graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD regional development working papers 2012/09
    Keywords: Hafenwirtschaft ; Containerverkehr ; Massengutschifffahrt ; Tankschifffahrt ; Effizienz ; Performance-Messung ; Transportkosten ; Welt ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Port efficiency is an important indicator of port performance; more efficient ports lower transportation costs and facilitate imports and exports of a country. Despite the importance of the subject, the exisiting port efficiency studies have almost exclusively focused on container ports. This Working Paper aims to fill that gap by calculating efficiency scores of world ports per cargo type (containers, oil, coal, iron ore and grain). These calculcations have been made using a database constructed for this purpose. Several findings can be derived from these calculations. Significant improvements can be made when the technical efficiency of ports is increased. Among the sample, gaps between terminal efficiency mostly reflected gaps in pure technical efficiency. When comparing the level of efficiency achieved by ports across commodities, technical gaps were more marked for container and oil terminals. Promoting policies to raise throughput levels in order to minimise production scale inefficiencies is another important area for improvement. Production scale inefficiencies arise when throughput levels are below or above optimal levels given the current capacity of terminal infrastructure. Such inefficiencies were mostly found in a substantial number of ports handling crude oil and iron ore, suggesting that efficiency is more sensitive and driven by exogenous factors related to traffic flows. The analysis also shows that the size of ports matters for port efficiency. The crude oil, iron-ore and grain ports have higher efficiency scores at larger total port size, suggesting that this size is more efficient because they can drive technological development. Finally, there are regional patterns emerging across commodities. Terminals in China are among the most efficient in handling coal bulk and containers with terminals in Southeast Asia. By contrast, the most efficient grain and iron-ore terminals are located in Latin America, and the most efficient crude-oil transhipment terminals are mostly found in the Gulf region. Further, Australia is also found to perform well in handling coal bulk and grains.
    Note: Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k92vgw39zs2-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Global governance and the role of the EU : assessing the future balance of power (2011)
    Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781781003558
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxii, 190 p) , ill
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global governance and the role of the EU
    DDC: 338.9
    Keywords: 1978-2060 ; Globalisierung ; Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen ; Global Governance ; Weltwirtschaftsordnung ; Politischer Wandel ; Prognose ; Welt ; EU-Staaten ; Economic development ; Economic development International cooperation ; Electronic books ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Weltwirtschaftsordnung ; Global Governance ; Politischer Wandel
    Abstract: Three years after the worst economic crisis since the Great Depression, economic growth has resurfaced across the world, but with significant variation. This timely book illustrates that although mature economies (the EU in particular) are still confronting sluggish economic performance, emerging markets seem to have fully recovered. It explores the reform of global economic governance after the crisis and, in this context, addresses the role of the EU and its economic prospects for the coming decade
    Abstract: pt. 1. Heading to 2020 : a new world economic governance? -- pt. 2. Carving out a place for the EU
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , ISPI
    DOI: 10.4337/9781781003558
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Agricultural commodity price volatility : an overview (2011)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 51 S., 0.95 MB) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries working papers 52
    Keywords: 2006-2009 ; Rohstoffpreis ; Agrarpreis ; Volatilität ; Welt ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Note: Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kg0t00nrthc-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The policy and institutional drivers of economic growth across OECD and non-OECD economies : new evidence from growth regressions (2011)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department working papers 843
    Keywords: Wirtschaftswachstum ; Welt ; OECD-Staaten ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Note: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kghwnhxwkhj-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Global imbalances : trade effects and policy challenges (2011)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD trade policy papers 120
    Keywords: Wirtschaftswachstum ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Welt ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Note: Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kg22x55618n-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cities, towns & renewable energy : yes in my front yard (2009)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076884
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 S.)
    DDC: 333.794
    RVK:
    QR 530
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung ; Stadt ; Energieversorgung ; Energieeinsparung ; Erneuerbare Energie ; Welt ; Renewable energy sources ; Energy policy ; Power resources Forecasting ; Energy development Forecasting ; Graue Literatur ; Fallstudie
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076884-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Complementary and private pensions throughout the world 2008 (2008)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9264043470 , 9789264043473
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource ( 539 S.)
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2009 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Complementary and private pensions throughout the world 2008
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Complementary and private pensions throughout the world 2008
    Keywords: Altersvorsorge ; Private Altersvorsorge ; Welt ; Pensions ; Old age pensions ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; Rentenversicherung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: This comprehensive and in-depth reference work provides detailed information on the regulation and supervision of voluntary and mandatory occupational pension plans as well as mandatory private pension schemes in 58 countries worldwide. Designed to be complementary to Social Security Programs throughout the World, each country profile contains information on the regulatory framework, the institutional framework, coverage, financing/investment, benefit provisions, benefit adjustment, disability, protection of rights, and regulatory and supervisory authorities. Complementary and Private Pensions Throughout the World 2008 is the product of the cooperative efforts of three key international bodies in the area of pensions: the International Social Security Association (ISSA), the International Organisation of Pension Supervisors (IOPS) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
    Note: Parallel als Buch-Ausg. erschienen , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The cost and effectiveness of policies to reduce vehicle emissions ; Round Table 142 (2008)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 S.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. The cost and effectiveness of policies to reduce vehicle emissions ; Round Table 142
    DDC: 363.738/7
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Mobilität ; Kraftfahrzeug ; Treibhausgas-Emissionen ; Luftreinhaltung ; Kosten-Wirksamkeits-Analyse ; Welt ; Graue Literatur ; Konferenzschrift ; Kraftfahrzeug ; Abgas ; Luftreinhaltung
    Abstract: Transport sector policies already contribute to moderating greenhouse gas emissions from road vehicles. They are increasingly designed to contribute to overall societal targets to mitigate climate change. While abatement costs in transport are relatively high, there are plausible arguments in favour of further abatement in this sector. The empirical basis to decide upon combinations of fuel economy standards and fuel taxes, however, remains weak. This Round Table investigates the effectiveness and costs of various mitigation options in road transport, and discusses the distribution of abatement efforts across sectors of the economy.
    Note: Auch als Buch-Ausg. erschienen
    URL: Volltext
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  • 59
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Tracking Industrial Energy Efficiency and CO2 Emissions (2007)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264030404
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (324 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Energy indicators
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Tracking industrial energy efficiency and CO 2 emissions
    DDC: 333.79/65
    RVK:
    AR 26640
    Keywords: Energieversorgung ; Energiemanagement ; Energiekonsum ; Energieökonomik ; Treibhausgas-Emissionen ; Umweltbelastung ; Welt ; Energy ; Industrie ; Energieeinsparung ; Kohlendioxidemission ; Reduktion ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: Tracking Industrial Energy Efficiency and CO2 Emissions responds to a G8 request. This major new analysis shows how industrial energy efficiency has improved dramatically over the last 25 years. Yet important opportunities for additional gains remain, which is evident when the efficiencies of different countries are compared. This analysis identifies the leaders and the laggards. It explains clearly a complex issue for non-experts. With new statistics, groundbreaking methodologies, thorough analysis and advice, and substantial industry consultation, this publication equips decision makers in the public and private sectors with the essential information that is needed to reshape energy use in manufacturing in a more sustainable manner.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264030404-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Agricultural policy and trade reform : the impact on world commodity markets (2007)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264027886
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 102 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2009 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Liapis, Peter S. Agricultural policy and trade reform
    DDC: 338.1
    Keywords: Agrarpolitik ; Internationale Handelspolitik ; Verteilungswirkung ; Welt ; Agriculture and state ; Commercial policy ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The governments of most developed, and many developing, countries impose border measures-tariffs, tariff rate quotas and export subsidies-to boost the domestic market prices of agricultural commodities. In some OECD countries, governments also provide financial support to their agricultural sector through other means, such as direct budgetary payments, production quotas and marketing-loan programs. These interventions typically distort the allocation of resources, leading to sub-optimal production and consumption decisions.
    Abstract: The governments of most developed, and many developing, countries impose border measures-tariffs, tariff rate quotas and export subsidies-to boost the domestic market prices of agricultural commodities. In some OECD countries, governments also provide financial support to their agricultural sector through other means, as well. These interventions typically distort the allocation of resources, leading to sub-optimal production and consumption decisions. Using a partial-equilibrium agricultural commodity model with rich policy detail, this study examines the market impacts of agricultural policy
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 65) , Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Réforme des politiques et des échanges agricoles : incidences sur les marchés mondiaux des produits de base , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    URL: Volltext
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Environment and regional trade agreements (2007)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264006652
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 230 S.)
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2009 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Environment and regional trade agreements
    DDC: 382.91
    Keywords: Regionale Wirtschaftsintegration ; Umweltabkommen ; Welt ; International trade Environmental aspects ; Commercial treaties ; Trade blocs
    Abstract: Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) have increased significantly in number over the past few years. They have become so widespread that practically all WTO members are now parties to one or more RTAs. The number of RTAs which include environmental provisions is also increasing. However, these provisions, and the experience related to their negotiation and implementation, have not been examined in depth yet. This study contributes to filling this gap. It provides an overview of approaches to environmental issues in RTAs and summarises country experiences in their negotiation and practical application. Regional and bilateral trade arrangements are surveyed, including customs unions and free trade agreements.
    Note: Literaturverz. S. 225 - 230 , Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: L'environnement et les accords commerciaux régionaux , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0802/2007475946.html
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Xenotransplantation : international policy issues (1999)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9264170308
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei)
    Series Statement: OECD proceedings
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Xenotransplantation
    RVK:
    YI 6105
    RVK:
    YI 3200
    Keywords: 18.03.1998 ; Organtransplantation ; Gesundheitskosten ; Welt ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; Konferenzschrift ; Heterotransplantation
    Abstract: Over one million people world-wide have benefited from successful tissue and organ transplants and survival rates have dramatically improved. But transplantation has become a victim of its own success. The demand for human organs can no longer be met and deaths of persons on waiting lists have more than doubled since 1988. A number of alternatives have been proposed to fill the gap between the supply and demand of organs and the past few years have seen the development of various approaches derived from recent advances in biotechnology. Among these technologies is xenotransplantation - the transplantation of viable cells, tissues and organs from one animal species to another. Xenotransplantation of cells and tissues has been approved for clinical trials in a number of OECD countries.
    URL: Volltext
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Beneficial uses and production of isotopes (1998)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9264169539
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei, 54 S.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear development
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Beneficial uses and production of isotopes
    RVK:
    UN 5500
    Keywords: Nuklearindustrie ; Welt ; OECD-Staaten ; Isotopen ; Radionuklid ; Anwendung
    Abstract: Radioactive and stable isotopes are used throughout the world and in many sectors, including medicine, industry, agriculture and research. In many applications isotopes have no substitute, and in most others they are more effective and cheaper than alternative techniques or processes.This publication is the first international survey on the beneficial uses and production of isotopes. It provides an overview of their main uses, and detailed information on the facilities that produce them world-wide. Trends in isotope supply and demand are analysed, and the conclusions and recommendations presented point to key issues to be considered by governments.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Usages bénéfiques et production des isotopes
    URL: Volltext
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