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  • Dordrecht : Springer  (267)
  • Linguistics Philosophy  (168)
  • Ontology
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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Lawyers Making Meaning : The Semiotics of Law in Legal Education II (2013)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400754584
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 257 p. 1 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    PI 2250
    Keywords: Linguistics Philosophy ; Sign language ; Developmental psychology ; Law ; Law ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Sign language ; Developmental psychology
    Abstract: This book present a structure for understanding and exploring the semiotic character of law and law systems. Cultivating a deep understanding for the ways in which lawyers make meaning-the way in which they help make the world and are made, in turn by the world they create -can provide a basis for consciously engaging in the work of the law and in the production of meaning. The book first introduces the reader to the idea of semiotics in general and legal semiotics in particular, as well as to the major actors and shapers of the field, and to the heart of the matter: signs. The second part studies the development of the strains of thinking that together now define semiotics, with attention being paid to the pragmatics, psychology and language of legal semiotics. A third part examines the link between legal theory and semiotics, the practice of law, the critical legal studies movement in the USA, the semiotics of politics and structuralism. The last part of the book ties the different strands of legal semiotics together, and closely looks at semiotics in the lawyer’s toolkit-such as: text, name and meaning. ​
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Contents; Part I Face-to-Face with Legal Semiotics; Chapter 1 Semiotics: A Fresh Start for Law; Semiotics; Legal Semiotics; Semiotics and Communication; Roberta Kevelson; Jourdain's Bewilderment; Study Semiotics and Law; Chapter 2 Signs, and Signs in Law; What is a Sign?; Communication; Culture, Law and Medicine; Signs, Symptoms, Names; Signs Merge Law and Semiotics; Community; The Cf. Citation as a Sign; General Considerations; Part II Godfathers of Semiotics; Chapter 3 Peirce and Legal Semiotics; Peirce Elucidates Legal Language; Peirce's Philosophical Texts
    Description / Table of Contents: From Philosophy to Semiotics to LawReading Peirce; Why Lawyers Read Peirce; Peirce Foundational for Law; The General and the Particular; Chapter 4 Greimas, Law, Discourse and Interpretative Squares: The Precursor De Saussure; The Precursor: De Saussure; The Language Circuit in Operation; The Arbitrary Character of a Sign; Differences and Other Relations; Chapter 5 Greimas, Law, Discourse and InterpretativeSquares: An Author, his Squares and LegalDiscourse Analysis; Squares and Discourse Analysis; Law and Greimas Squares; Semiotic Constraints; The Structure of Semiotic Systems
    Description / Table of Contents: Series of SquaresA Legal Discourse Semiotically Analyzed; Law as a Text; Greimas and Peirce; Chapter 6 Lacan: The Semiotics of Law's Voices; The `délire à deux': a Challenge to Lawyers; An Appeal to Language; Narcissus' Ego and Me; Das Ich muß entwickelt werden; The Ethics of Signifying; Language - Identity - Reference; Master Signifiers, Master Discourses; Chapter 7 Those Three Godfathers, After All; Godfathers and the Law; Law's Order, Semiotic Path; Meaning Making; Part III Jurisprudence and Legal Semiotics; Chapter 8 Legal Theory and Semiotics: On The Origins of Legal Semiotics
    Description / Table of Contents: Semiotics and SignificsJacob Israel de Haan; Legal Significs; Language; Discourse Levels; Significs and Jurisprudence; Chapter 9 Legal Theory and Semiotics: Semiotics, Theory and Practice of Law; Semiotics and Legal Theory; Semiotics and Legal Interpretation; Two Legal Semiotic Traditions; Semiotics and Legal Practices; Faces in Legal Relations; Names; Faces Function Linguistically; Faces of Justice; Application, Analysis/Assemblage, Engineering; The Critical Approach; The CLS themes; Chapter 10 Legal Theory and Semiotics: The Legal Semiotics Critical Approach
    Description / Table of Contents: The Critical Approach and Semiotic PerspectivesPolitics and the Semiotic Approach; A Lawyer's Words and their Meaning; Chapter 11 Politics, Semiotics and Law: Self and State; Self and State, State and Self; Self and Harmony; Kant and the Semiotics of the Self; The Semiotics of the Magnus Homo I: Figures, Images; The Semiotics of the Magnus Homo II: Legal Language; The Semiotics of the State; Individual, State, and the Semiotics of Anarchy; Individual, State, and Personhood; Chapter 12 Politics, Semiotics and Law: Person and Thing; Persons and Things; Citizens United Unveiled
    Description / Table of Contents: Facts in/of Citizens United
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents -- Preface -- Part I Face-To-Face With Legal Semiotics -- 1.Semiotics: A Fresh  Start For Law -- 2.Signs, and Signs in Law -- Part II Godfathers of Semiotics -- 3. Peirce and Legal Semiotics -- 4. Greimas, Law, Discourse and Interpretative Squares -- 5.Lacan: The Semiotics of Law's Voices. - 6.Those Three Godfathers, After All -- Part III   Jurisprudence and Legal Semiotics -- 7. Legal Theory And Semiotics -- 8.  Politics, Semiotics and Law -- 9. Structuralism and Legal Semiotics -- Part IV   Doing and Saying Legal Semiotics -- 10. The Legal Semiotic Modus Operandi -- 11. Artificiality and Naturalness: The Tyche Deity -- 12. A Vocabulary -- 13.  A Bibliography -- 14. Name Index -- 15. Subject Index.​.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-5458-4
    URL: Volltext
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    The Background of Social Reality : Selected Contributions from the Inaugural Meeting of ENSO (2013)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400756007
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 235 p. 2 illus) , digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in the Philosophy of Sociality 1
    DDC: 378.005
    RVK:
    CC 7750
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ontology ; Law Psychological aspects
    Abstract: This volume aims at giving the reader an overview over the most recent theoretical and methodological findings in a new and rapidly evolving area of current theory of society: social ontology. This book brings together philosophical, sociological and psychological approaches and advances the theory towards a solution of contemporary problems of society, such as the integration of cultures, the nature of constitutive rules, and the actions of institutional actors. It focuses on the question of the background of action in society and illuminates one of the most controversial, cross-disciplinary questions of the field while providing insight into the ontological structure of groups as agents. This volume offers an interesting and important contribution to the debate as it does well in bridging the gap between the analytical and the continental tradition in social philosophy. In addition, this volume expands the reach and depth of the philosophy of sociality by relating it to philosophical ideas from the late 19th and early 20th centuries and to key thinkers such as Husserl, Heidegger, and Bourdieu. The contributors include internationally renowned scholars as well as a highly selected set of younger scholars whose work is at the cutting edge of their field. Scholarly, yet accessible, this book is an essential resource for researchers across the social sciences. ​
    Description / Table of Contents: The Background of Social Reality; Contents; The Cultural Background of Acting Together; The Argument from Metaphor and Rule Following; Contingency and the Argument from Experience; In Terms of Theory: Some Programmatic Considerations; The Interpretative Task; The Empirical Method of Philosophy: Making Meaning; The Exegesis of Canon; Outline of the Present Volume; Part I The Ontology of Groups: Their Minds, Intentions, Actions, and Interactions; Part II Into the Background: Capacities and Cases; Part III Social Reality: Its Essence and Constitution
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I: The Ontology of Groups: Their Minds, Intentions, Actions and InteractionsWho Is Afraid of Group Agents and Group Minds?; Introduction; Group Agents and the We-Mode Approach; Collective Intentions; Some Historical Accounts of Group Minds and Group Agents; Conclusion; References; Trying to Act TogetherThe Structure and Role of Trust in Joint Action; 1; 2; 3; References; Missing the Forest for the TreesThe Theoretical Irrelevance of Shared Intentions; The Formation and Agency of Corporate Entities; Shared Intentions?; Responses to Individualist Objections
    Description / Table of Contents: Some Problems with IndividualismConclusion; References; The Boys Carried the Piano UpstairsReconsidering Akratic Action in Group Contexts; Introduction; Defining Akrasia; Single Akratic Agents (In Group Contexts); Strong and Weak Cases of Akrasia; Describing Group Actions; Applying the Analysis Against a Holist Account of Groups; The First-Person Perspective of Agents; Outlook: Collective Akrasia; References; Creating Interpersonal Reality through Conversational Interactions; Introduction; Collective Acceptance as Joint Commitment; Joint Commitments to Projects; Joint Meaning
    Description / Table of Contents: Conversational InteractionsConclusions; References; Part II: Into the Background: Capacities and Cases; Social Rules and the Social Background; Introduction; The Background According to Searle; The Background, Consciousness, and the Connection Principle; The Background and Rules; The Background as Nonconceptual; The Social Background and Layers of Collective Intentionality; References; Sharing the BackgroundSearle, Wittgenstein and Heidegger About the Background of Rule-Governed Behaviour; 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; References
    Description / Table of Contents: From Sharing a Background to Sharing One's PresenceTwo Conditions of Joint AttentionIntroduction; The Phenomenon; Generation of Mutual Awareness: Two Conditions; Three Levels of Intentional Attitudes; A Shared Perspective and the Sense of Us; Conclusion; References; Social Ontology, Cultural Sociology, and the War on TerrorToward a Cultural Explanation of Institutional Change; Introduction; The Construction of Social Reality: Searle's Social Ontology; A Cultural-Sociological Reading of Searle's Background; Apocalypse Now: 9/11 and the War on Terror
    Description / Table of Contents: The Image Problem: The Iraq War and the Abu Ghraib Photographs
    Note: Description based upon print version of record , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-5600-7
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  • 3
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    Paraconsistency: Logic and Applications (2013)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400744387
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 375 p. 31 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 26
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Tanaka, Kōji, 1965 - Paraconsistency
    RVK:
    CC 2600
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Parakonsistente Logik
    Abstract: A logic is called 'paraconsistent' if it rejects the rule called 'ex contradictione quodlibet', according to which any conclusion follows from inconsistent premises. While logicians have proposed many technically developed paraconsistent logical systems and contemporary philosophers like Graham Priest have advanced the view that some contradictions can be true, and advocated a paraconsistent logic to deal with them, until recent times these systems have been little understood by philosophers. This book presents a comprehensive overview on paraconsistent logical systems to change this situation. The book includes almost every major author currently working in the field. The papers are on the cutting edge of the literature some of which discuss current debates and others present important new ideas. The editors have avoided papers about technical details of paraconsistent logic, but instead concentrated upon works that discuss more "big picture" ideas. Different treatments of paradoxes takes centre stage in many of the papers, but also there are several papers on how to interpret paraconistent logic and some on how it can be applied to philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of language, and metaphysics
    Abstract: A logic is called 'paraconsistent' if it rejects the rule called 'ex contradictione quodlibet', according to which any conclusion follows from inconsistent premises. While logicians have proposed many technically developed paraconsistent logical systems and contemporary philosophers like Graham Priest have advanced the view that some contradictions can be true, and advocated a paraconsistent logic to deal with them, until recent times these systems have been little understood by philosophers. This book presents a comprehensive overview on paraconsistent logical systems to change this situation. The book includes almost every major author currently working in the field. The papers are on the cutting edge of the literature some of which discuss current debates and others present important new ideas. The editors have avoided papers about technical details of paraconsistent logic, but instead concentrated upon works that discuss more 'big picture' ideas. Different treatments of paradoxes takes centre stage in many of the papers, but also there are several papers on how to interpret paraconistent logic and some on how it can be applied to philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of language, and metaphysics.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Part 2. Applications ; An Approach to Human-Level Commonsense Reasoning , Paraconsistency: Introduction , Distribution in the Logic of Meaning Containment and in Quantum Mechanics , Wittgenstein on Incompleteness Makes Paraconsistent Sense , Pluralism and "Bad" Mathematical Theories: Challenging our Prejudices , Arithmetic Starred , Notes on Inconsistent Set Theory , Sorting out the Sorites , Are the Sorites and Liar Paradox of a Kind? , Vague Inclosures , Part 1. Logic ; Making Sense of Paraconsistent Logic: The Nature of Logic, Classical Logic and Paraconsistent Logic , On Discourses Addressed by Infidel Logicians , Information, Negation, and Paraconsistency , Noisy vs. Merely Equivocal Logics , Assertion, Denial and Non-classical Theories , New Arguments for Adaptive Logics as Unifying Frame for the Defeasible Handling of Inconsistency , Consequence as Preservation: Some Refinements , On Modal Logics Defining Jaśkowski's D2-Consequence , FDE: A Logic of Clutters , A Paraconsistent and Substructural Conditional Logic
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-4438-7
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Existence as a Real Property : The Ontology of Meinongianism (2013)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400742079
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 241 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 356
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Berto, Francesco, 1973 - Existence as a real property
    RVK:
    CC 5800
    RVK:
    CC 6000
    RVK:
    BF 1515
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Existenz ; Ontologie ; Meinong, Alexius 1853-1920 ; Ontologie ; Existenz ; Ontologie
    Abstract: This profound exploration of one of the core notions of philosophy-the concept of existence itself-reviews, then counters (via Meinongian theory), the mainstream philosophical view running from Hume to Frege, Russell, and Quine, summarized thus by Kant: “Existence is not a predicate.” The initial section of the book presents a comprehensive introduction to, and critical evaluation of, this mainstream view. The author moves on to provide the first systematic survey of all the main Meinongian theories of existence, which, by contrast, reckon existence to be a real, full-fledged property of objects that some things possess, and others lack. As an influential addition to the research literature, the third part develops the most up-to-date neo-Meinongian theory called Modal Meinongianism, applies it to specific fields such as the ontology of fictional objects, and discusses its open problems, laying the groundwork for further research.In accordance with the latest trends in analytic ontology, the author prioritizes a meta-ontological viewpoint, adopting a dual definition of meta-ontology as the discourse on the meaning of being, and as the discourse on the tools and methods of ontological enquiry. This allows a balanced assessment of philosophical views on a cost-benefit basis, following multiple criteria for theory evaluation. Compelling and revealing, this new publication is a vital addition to contemporary philosophical ontology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Prologue: Much Ado About Nothing -- Acknowledgments -- Existence as Logic -- Chapter 1. The Paradox of Non-Being -- Chapter 2. To Exist and to Count -- Chapter 3. Troubles for the Received View -- Nonexistence -- Chapter 4. Existence As a Real Property -- Chapter 5. Naïve Meinongianism -- Chapter 6. Meinongianisms of The First, Second, and Third Kind -- Close Encounters (with Nonexistents) of the Third Kind -- Chapter 7. Conceiving the Impossible -- Chapter 8. Nonexistents of The Third Kind at Work -- Chapter 9. Open Problems -- References -- Index.​.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-4207-9
    URL: Volltext
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  • 5
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    Different Kinds of Specificity Across Languages (2013)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400753105
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 207 p. 220 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 92
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Different kinds of specificity across languages
    RVK:
    ES 460
    Keywords: Comparative linguistics ; Semantics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Linguistics ; Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Comparative linguistics ; Semantics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Definiteness (Linguistics) ; Semantics ; Konferenzschrift 2007 ; Definitheit ; Kontrastive Semantik
    Abstract: This anthology of papers analyzes a range of specificity markers found in natural languages. It reflects the fact that despite intensive research into these markers, the vast differences between the markers across languages and even within single languages have been less acknowledged. Commonly regarded specific indefinites are by no means a homogenous class, and so this volume fills a gap in our understanding of the semantics and pragmatics of indefinites. The papers explore differences and similarities among these specificity markers, concentrating on the following issues: whether specificity is a purely semantic or also a pragmatic notion; whether the contribution of specificity markers is located on the level of the at-issue content; whether some kind of speaker-listener asymmetry concerning the identification of the referent is involved; and the behavioral scope of these indefinites in the context of other quantifiers, negation, attitude verbs, and intensional/modal operators
    Abstract: This anthology of papers analyzes a range of specificity markers found in natural languages. It reflects the fact that despite intensive research into these markers, the vast differences between the markers across languages and even within single languages have been less acknowledged. Commonly regarded specific indefinites are by no means a homogenous class, and so this volume fills a gap in our understanding of the semantics and pragmatics of indefinites.The papers explore differences and similarities among these specificity markers, concentrating on the following issues: whether specificity is a purely semantic or also a pragmatic notion; whether the contribution of specificity markers is located on the level of the at-issue content; whether some kind of speaker-listener asymmetry concerning the identification of the referent is involved; and the behavioral scope of these indefinites in the context of other quantifiers, negation, attitude verbs, and intensional/modal operators.
    Description / Table of Contents: Different Kinds of Specificity Across Languages; Contents; Contributors; Chapter 1: Introduction; References; Chapter 2: Specificity Markers and Nominal Exclamatives in French; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Un N Précis Versus un N; 2.2.1 An Anti-singleton Indefinite; 2.2.2 A Selective Indefinite; 2.2.3 Background and Scope; 2.3 Un Certain N Versus un N (Précis); 2.3.1 Un Certain N And un N Précis; 2.3.2 Un Certain N Versus un N; 2.3.2.1 The Uses of un Certain N; 2.3.2.2 The Evidential Value of un Certain N; 2.3.3 Intermediate Conclusion; 2.4 The Puzzle of Exclamative Nominal Sentences
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.4.1 The Guise of the Surprise2.4.2 A Temporal Conflict; 2.4.3 Some Speculations About Evaluative Items; 2.5 Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: The Interpretation of the German Specificity Markers Bestimmt and Gewiss; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 The Syntax of Bestimmt and Gewiss; 3.3 Semantic Differences Between Bestimmt and Gewiss; 3.3.1 Identifiability; 3.3.2 The Scope-Taking Behaviour of `Bestimmt' and `Gewiss'; 3.3.2.1 Negation; 3.3.2.2 Nominal Quantifiers; 3.3.2.3 Conditionals; 3.3.2.4 Intensional Operators; 3.4 A Comparison to Other Specificity Markers; 3.5 A Formal Analysis
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.5.1 Technicalities: Concealed Questions Under Cover3.5.2 The Meaning of `Bestimmt'; 3.5.2.1 Pragmatic Issues; 3.5.2.2 Identifiability; 3.5.2.3 Scope: Nominal Quantifiers; 3.5.2.4 Scope: Negation; 3.5.2.5 Scope: Intensional Operators and Conditionals; 3.5.3 Technicalities: Conventional Implicatures; 3.5.4 The Meaning of `Gewiss'; 3.6 Conclusion; References; Chapter 4: Pragmatic Variation Among Specificity Markers; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Specificity Marking in English and Russian; 4.3 Felicity Conditions on Specificity; 4.3.1 ThisR-Indefinites and Noteworthiness
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.3.2 OdinR-Indefinites and Identifiability4.3.3 Felicity Conditions: Noteworthiness vs. Identifiability; 4.3.4 Shades of Identifiability; 4.3.5 Crosslinguistic Evidence; 4.4 Anti-uniqueness; 4.4.1 A Possible Answer: Maximize Presupposition; 4.4.2 Deriving the Anti-uniqueness Effects on OdinR; 4.5 Possessive Constructions; 4.5.1 Types of Possessive Constructions in Russian; 4.5.2 Possessive Constructions and Specificity in Russian; 4.5.3 The Puzzle; 4.6 Conclusion and Further Questions; References; Chapter 5: Certain Presuppositions and Some Intermediate Readings, and Vice Versa
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.1 Introduction5.2 Choice Functions and Intermediate Readings; 5.2.1 Wide-Scope Indefinites and Choice Functions; 5.2.2 Existential Closure versus Choice Functions from Context; 5.3 Different Kinds of Exceptional Scope: A Certain and Some; 5.4 The Meaning for Some and a Presuppositional Explanation of Schwarz's Generalization; 5.5 Presuppositions of a Certain; 5.6 Conclusion; References; Chapter 6: Exceptional Scope: The Case of Spanish; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Domain Restriction and Exceptional Scope: Un vs. Algún; 6.2.1 Singleton Indefinites; 6.2.2 Un vs. Algún
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.2.3 Testing the Prediction: Un vs. Algún in Relative Clauses and Conditionals
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-5310-5
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  • 6
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    The Nature of Truth : An updated approach to the meaning of truth ascriptions (2013)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400744646
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 156 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 29
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Frápolli, María José, 1960 - The nature of truth
    RVK:
    CC 4400
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Pragmatism ; Semantics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Pragmatism ; Semantics ; Truth ; Wahrheit ; Wahrheit
    Abstract: The book offers a characterization of the meaning and role of the notion of truth in natural languages and an explanation of why, in spite of the big amount of proposals about truth, this task has proved to be resistant to the different analyses. The general thesis of the book is that defining truth is perfectly possible and that the average educated philosopher of language has the tools to do it. The book offers an updated treatment of the meaning of truth ascriptions from taking into account the latest views in philosophy of language and linguistics.
    Abstract: The wealth of proposals about truth and its meaning in natural languages everywhere should open it to analysis and definition, but this book makes the startlingly rare assertion that we can define truth using the latest methods in linguistics and philosophy
    Description / Table of Contents: The Nature of Truth; Acknowledgements; Contents; Chapter 1: Some Preliminary Issues; 1.1 The General Purpose; 1.2 Some Features of the Proposal; 1.3 Required Philosophical Assumptions; 1.4 The Content of a Theory of Truth; 1.5 The Pragmatist Ingredient; 1.6 The Structure of the Book; Chapter 2: Syntax: Playing with Building Blocks; 2.1 Does Syntax Matter?; 2.2 The Truth Predicate; 2.3 The Truth Operator; 2.4 Truth and Identity; 2.5 Adverbs, Adjectives and Nouns; Chapter 3: The Meaning and Content of Truth Ascriptions; 3.1 The Distinction; 3.2 Kinds of Proforms; 3.3 Truth-Ascriptions
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.4 A Classification of Truth-Ascriptions3.5 Special Semantic Tasks; Chapter 4: What Do We Do with Truth Ascriptions?; 4.1 Pragmatics and Semantics; 4.2 Assertions; 4.3 Expressivism; 4.4 Particular Pragmatic Functions; Chapter 5: The Liar Paradox (And Other Logico-Semantic Issues); 5.1 Is There a Liar Paradox?; 5.2 Truth Bearers; 5.3 Logical Form; 5.4 The Paradox; Chapter 6: What Do You Mean by "Redundancy"?; 6.1 R amsey's View; 6.2 Redundancy, of What?; 6.3 Syntactic Redundancy; 6.4 Semantic Redundancy; 6.5 Pragmatic Redundancy; Chapter 7: Obvious Answers for Ready-Made Objections
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.1 Standard Objections7.2 The Epistemic Objections; 7.2.1 Definitions vs. Criteria; 7.2.2 The Causal Effect of Truth; 7.3 The Logical Objection; 7.4 The Semantic Objection; 7.5 Mathematical Truth and Other Metaphors; References; Index;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-4464-6
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  • 7
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    The Impossibility and Necessity of Theodicy : The “Essais” of Leibniz (2013)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400750319 , 1283640864 , 9781283640862
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 318 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in German Idealism 14
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Studies in German idealism
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Poma, Andrea The impossibility and necessity of theodicy
    RVK:
    CF 5517
    Keywords: Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm: Essais de théodicée sur la bonté de Dieu, la liberté de l'homme et l'origine du mal ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm *1646-1716* ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; Philosophy ; Theodizee ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 Essais de théodicée sur la bonté de dieu, la liberté de l'homme et l'origine du mal ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 ; Theodizee ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 Essais de théodicée sur la bonté de dieu, la liberté de l'homme et l'origine du mal ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 ; Theodizee
    Abstract: This book provides an analytical interpretation of Leibniz's 'Essais de Théodicée' with wide-ranging references to all his works. It shows and upholds many thesis: Leibniz's rational conception of faith, his rational notion of mystery, the reformation of classical ontology, and the importance of Leibniz's thought in the tradition of the critical idealism. In his endeavor to formulate a theodicy, Leibniz emerges as a classic exponent of a non-immanentist modern rationalism, capable of engaging in a close dialogue with religion and faith. This relation implies that God and reason are directly involved in posing the challenge and that the defence of one is the defence of the other. Theodicy and logodicy are two key aspects of a philosophy which is open to faith and of a faith which is able to intervene in culture and history.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Impossibility and Necessity of Theodicy; Contents; Abbreviations and Symbols; Part I: The Impossibility and Necessity of Theodicy. The "Essais" of Leibniz; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1 Theodicy; 2 Philosophical Theodicy; 3 The Theodicy of Leibniz; Chapter 2: True Piety; 1 Truth and Appearance; 2 The Fundamental Truths of Faith; 3 Light and Virtue; 4 The Love of God; 5 Fatum Christianum; Chapter 3: Faith and Reason; 1 The General Terms of the Controversy; 2 Reason; 3 Truth Over and Against Reason: Mystery; 4 Faith and Apologetics: Comprehending and Upholding
    Description / Table of Contents: 5 The Antagonist of the Theodicy: ScepticismChapter 4: Apologetic Arguments in the Theodicy; 1 The Brief; 2 The Legal Arguments; 2.1 The Presumed Innocence of God; 2.2 That the Onus of Proof Lies with the Prosecution; 2.3 It Is Not Legitimate to Do Wrong in Order to Obtain that Which Is Right; 3 The Apologetic Arguments; 4 The Antagonist of the Theodicy: Gnosis; Chapter 5: Predetermination and Free Will; 1 Absolute Necessity vs. Hypothetical and Moral Necessity; 2 Contingency; 3 The Will; 4 Freedom; Chapter 6: Evil and the Best of All Possible Worlds; 1 The Principle of "the Best"
    Description / Table of Contents: 2 The Best of All Possible Worlds3 Evil; 4 Evil in the Best of All Possible Worlds; Chapter 7: God and the Reason Principle; 1 Divine Attributes: Faculties and Values; 2 The Central Role of Wisdom; 3 The Existence of God; 4 The Necessary Being and the Supremely Perfect Being; 5 God and the Reason Principle; Chapter 8: Conclusion; 1 The Theodicy of Leibniz; 2 Philosophical Theodicy; 3 Theodicy; Part II: Appendices; Chapter 9: Appendix One: The Metaphor of the "Two Labyrinths" and Its Implications in Leibniz's Thought; 1 The Metaphor and Its Meaning; 2 Geometric and Mechanical Curves
    Description / Table of Contents: 3 Natural and Artificial Machines4 Necessity and Contingency; 5 Hypothetical and Moral Necessity; 6 The Calculus of Variations; 7 The Best of All Possible Worlds; 8 Conclusion; Chapter 10: Appendix Two: The Reasons of Reason According to Leibniz; Chapter 11: Appendix Three: From Ontology to Ethics: Leibniz vs. Eckhard; Chapter 12: Appendix Four: Moral Necessity in Leibniz; 1 Possibility and Necessity: Non-existent Possibles; 2 Certain Determination; 3 Moral Necessity; Name Index;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-5031-9
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  • 8
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    The background of social reality : selected contributions from the inaugural meeting of ENSO (2013)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400755994 , 9400755996
    Language: English
    Pages: vi, 351 Seiten
    Series Statement: Studies in the philosophy of sociality Volume 1
    Series Statement: Studies in the philosophy of sociality
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Schmitz, Michael The Background of Social Reality
    DDC: 302.3
    RVK:
    CC 7750
    Keywords: Collective behavior ; Social groups ; Social sciences ; Philosophy ; Ontology ; Konferenzschrift 2009 ; Konferenzschrift 2009 ; Soziales Handeln ; Gruppenverhalten ; Sozialphilosophie ; Soziale Norm ; Soziales Handeln ; Gruppenverhalten ; Sozialphilosophie ; Soziale Norm
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  • 9
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    Epistemology versus Ontology : Essays on the Philosophy and Foundations of Mathematics in Honour of Per Martin-Löf (2012)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400744356
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVII, 385 p. 18 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 27
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Ontology ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Ontology ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical
    Abstract: This book brings together philosophers, mathematicians and logicians to penetrate important problems in the philosophy and foundations of mathematics. In philosophy, one has been concerned with the opposition between constructivism and classical mathematics and the different ontological and epistemological views that are reflected in this opposition. The dominant foundational framework for current mathematics is classical logic and set theory with the axiom of choice (ZFC). This framework is, however, laden with philosophical difficulties. One important alternative foundational programme that is actively pursued today is predicativistic constructivism based on Martin-Löf type theory. Associated philosophical foundations are meaning theories in the tradition of Wittgenstein, Dummett, Prawitz and Martin-Löf. What is the relation between proof-theoretical semantics in the tradition of Gentzen, Prawitz, and Martin-Löf and Wittgensteinian or other accounts of meaning-as-use? What can proof-theoretical analyses tell us about the scope and limits of constructive and predicative mathematics?
    Abstract: This book brings together philosophers, mathematicians and logicians to penetrate important problems in the philosophy and foundations of mathematics. In philosophy, one has been concerned with the opposition between constructivism and classical mathematics and the different ontological and epistemological views that are reflected in this opposition. The dominant foundational framework for current mathematics is classical logic and set theory with the axiom of choice (ZFC). This framework is, however, laden with philosophical difficulties. One important alternative foundational programme that is actively pursued today is predicativistic constructivism based on Martin-Löf type theory. Associated philosophical foundations are meaning theories in the tradition of Wittgenstein, Dummett, Prawitz and Martin-Löf. What is the relation between proof-theoretical semantics in the tradition of Gentzen, Prawitz, and Martin-Löf and Wittgensteinian or other accounts of meaning-as-use? What can proof-theoretical analyses tell us about the scope and limits of constructive and predicative mathematics?
    Description / Table of Contents: Epistemology versus Ontology; Contents; Introduction; 1 Background; 2 Martin-Löf: Pioneer and Land Clearer; 3 Contributions to This Volume; 3.1 Part I: Philosophy of Logic and Mathematics; 3.2 Part II: Foundations; Acknowledgments; On the Philosophical Work of Per Martin-Löf; Notes on the Contributors; Part I Philosophy of Logic and Mathematics; Chapter 1: Kant and Real Numbers; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Mathematics Within Subjective Limits; 1.3 Kant's Discussion with Rehberg; 1.4 Infinite Sequences as Concepts and as Objects; 1.5 Concluding Remark; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 2: Wittgenstein's Diagonal Argument: A Variationon Cantor and Turing2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Three Diagonal Arguments; 2.2.1 The Halting Problem; 2.2.2 Turing's First Argument; 2.2.3 The Argument from the Pointerless Machine; 2.3 Wittgenstein's Diagonal Argument; 2.4 The Positive Russell Paradox; 2.5 Interpreting Wittgenstein; References; Chapter 3: Truth and Proof in Intuitionism; 3.1 Early Intuitionistic Accounts of Propositions, Assertions, and Proof; 3.1.1 Heyting on Propositions and Assertions; 3.1.2 Heyting on Proofs; 3.1.3 The BHK-Interpretation; 3.2 Dummett's Verificationism
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.2.1 A Correction of the Intuitionistic Meaning-Theory3.2.2 Truth in Verificationism and the Knowability Principle; 3.3 Martin-Löf's Type Theory; 3.4 Martin-Löf's Siena Lectures and a Subsequent Paper; 3.5 The Epistemic Approach to Meaning and Truth Being Abandoned; 3.6 Reasons for the Shift; 3.6.1 Is the Ontological Standpoint Compatible with Intuitionism?; 3.6.2 Reasons for Rejecting the Knowability Principle; 3.6.3 Are the Proofs of the BHK-Interpretation Representations of Proof Acts?; 3.6.4 An Alternative Argument for the Epistemic Nature of Proof-Objects; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 4: Real and Ideal in Constructive Mathematics4.1 Explanations from Above and Explanations from Below; 4.2 The Dynamic Process in Logic and in Foundations; 4.3 Real and Ideal Notions in Constructive Topology; References; Chapter 5: In the Shadow of Incompleteness: Hilbert and Gentzen; 5.1 A Puzzle; 5.2 Results, Methods, and Problems; 5.3 Unprovability in General, First; 5.4 Unprovability of Consistency, Second; 5.5 Hilbert's Response; 5.6 The New Student; 5.7 An Impasse; 5.8 Toward a Solution; 5.9 New Perspectives; References; Chapter 6: Evolution and Logic
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.1 Hume's Analysis of Causality6.2 Evolutionistic Understanding of Causality; 6.3 Evolutionistic Understanding of Logic; 6.4 Foundations of Mathematics; 6.5 Martin-Löf Type Theory and the Synthetic A Priori; 6.6 Ontology; 6.7 Concluding Remarks; References; Chapter 7: The ``Middle Wittgenstein'' and Modern Mathematics; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Grammar and Geometry; 7.3 Grammar and the Axiomatic Method; 7.4 Grammar and the Theory of Relativity; 7.5 Mental Verbs and the Method of Ideal Elements; 7.6 Wittgenstein and Hertz; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 8: Primitive Recursive Arithmetic and Its Role in the Foundations of Arithmetic: Historical and Philosophical Reflections: In Honor of Per Martin-Löf on the Occasion of His Retirement
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-4435-6
    URL: Volltext
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  • 10
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    Explanation, prediction, and confirmation (2011)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400711808
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2011 Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: The Philosophy of Science in a European Perspective 2
    Parallel Title: Print version Explanation, Prediction, and Confirmation
    DDC: 501
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ontology ; Biology Philosophy ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy
    Abstract: This volume, the second in the Springer series Philosophy of Science in a European Perspective, contains selected papers from the workshops organised by the ESF Research Networking Programme PSE (The Philosophy of Science in a European Perspective) in 2009. five general topics are addressed: 1. Formal Methods in the Philosophy of Science, 2. Philosophy of the Natural and Life Sciences, 3. Philosophy of the Cultural and Social Sciences, 4. Philosophy of the Physical Sciences, 5. History of the Philosophy of Science. This volume is accordingly divided in five sections, each section containing papers coming from the meetings focussing on one of these five themes. However, these sections are not completely independent and detached from each other. For example, an important connecting thread running through a substantial number of papers in this volume is the concept of probability: probability plays a central role in present-day discussions in formal epistemology, in the philosophy of the physical sciences, and in general methodological debates---it is central in discussions concerning explanation, prediction and confirmation. The volume thus also attempts to represent the intellectual exchange between the various fields in the philosophy of science that was central in the ESF workshops.
    Description / Table of Contents: TABLE OF CONTENTS; PREFACE:EXPLANATION, PREDICTION, CONFIRMATION; Team A Formal Methods; THE NO MIRACLES INTUITION AND THE NO MIRACLES ARGUMENT; 1. THE NO MIRACLES INTUITION; 2. THE 'NO MIRACLES ARGUMENT'; THE SCOPE AND LIMITS OF THE NO MIRACLES ARGUMENT1; REFERENCES; CAUSATION, ASSOCIATION AND CONFIRMATION; ABSTRACT; 1. INTRODUCTION; 2. COHERENCE AS PROBABILISITIC ASSOCIATION; 3. CONFIRMATION; 4. CETERUS PARIBUS; 5. FOCUSED CORRELATION; 6. CAUSAL STRUCTURE; 7. CONCLUSION; REFERENCES; AN OBJECTIVE BAYESIAN ACCOUNT OF CONFIRMATION; ABSTRACT; 1 CARNAPIAN CONFIRMATION
    Description / Table of Contents: 2 THE BAYESIAN APPROACH TO CONFIRMATION3 LEARNING FROM EXPERIENCE; 4 CARNAP'S RESOLUTION; 5 PROBLEMS WITH CARNAP'S RESOLUTION; 6 A ROCK AND A HARD PLACE; 7 THE BAYESIAN APPROACH REVISITED; 8 OBJECTIVE BAYESIAN EPISTEMOLOGY; 9 OBJECTIVE BAYESIAN CONFIRMATION THEORY; BIBILIOGRAPHY; AN EXPLICATION OF THE USE OF INFERENCE TO THE BEST EXPLANATION ; 1. PROSPECTS AND PROBLEMS OF IBE; 2. HEURISTICS; 3. APPLYING THE LOGIC OF QUESTIONS: PRELIMINARIES; 4. TWO COMPARATIVE CRITERIA OF EXPLANATORY POWER; 5. APPLICATIONS TO SOME PERSISTENT QUESTIONS IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
    Description / Table of Contents: A FORMAL LOGIC FOR THE ABDUCTION OF SINGULAR HYPOTHESES11 INTRODUCTION; 2 THE PROBLEM; 3 MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF ABDUCTIVE REASONING; 4 INFORMAL PRESENTATION OF THE LOGIC LArs; 5 THE LOGIC LArs; 6 CONCLUSION AND OPEN PROBLEMS; PROBABILITIES IN BRANCHING STRUCTURES; REAL AND OTHER POSSIBILITIES; PROBABILITIES IN BRANCHING TIME; EXTENDING THE ACCOUNT: BRANCHING SPACE-TIMES; CONCLUSIONS; BIBLIOGRAPHY; Team B Philosophy of the Natural and Life Sciences ; CAUSALITY AND EXPLANATION: ISSUES FROM EPIDEMIOLOGY; 1. EPIDEMIOLOGY PARADIGMS; 2. OVERCOMING THE BLACK BOX PARADIGM. THE SEARCH FOR MECHANISMS
    Description / Table of Contents: 3. MECHANISTIC EXPLANATIONS OF LAYERED DISEASESINVARIANCE, MECHANISMS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY; REFERENCES; WHAT'S WRONG WITH THE PRAGMATIC-ONTIC ACCOUNT OF MECHANISTIC EXPLANATION?; 1. INTRODUCTION; 2. WORRIES; 3. CONCLUSION; REFERENCES; CAUSALITY AND EVIDENCE DISCOVERY IN EPIDEMIOLOGY; EXISTENCE AND CAUSALITY; NON-RANDOMISED EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES; CONCLUSION; REFERENCES; INFERENCES TO CAUSAL RELEVANCE FROM EXPERIMENTS; 1 THEORY AND EXPERIENCE; 2 CAUSAL ANALYSIS; 2.1 Causal models; 2.2 Theory of causal regularities; 2.3 Principles of causal reasoning; 2.3.1 Method of Difference; 2.3.2 Assumptions
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.3.3 Inferring a causal factor2.3.4 More complex designs; 2.3.5 Other inference patterns; 2.4 Difference tests in practice: notebook entries; 3 METHODOLOGY OF CAUSAL MODELS; REFERENCES; COMPARING PART-WHOLE REDUCTIVE EXPLANATIONS IN BIOLOGY AND PHYSICS1; ABSTRACT; 1. BIOLOGY, PHYSICS, AND NAGEL'S REDUCTIONIST SHADOW; 2. TEMPORALITY IN PART-WHOLE REDUCTIVE EXPLANATIONS; 2.1 Part-Whole Reductive Explanations; 2.2 Temporality; 3. COMPOSITION, CAUSATION, AND THE DIFFERENCE TIME MAKES; 3.1 Composition and Causation; 3.2 Intrinsicality and Fundamentality
    Description / Table of Contents: 4. EXAMPLES: PART-WHOLE REDUCTIVE EXPLANATIONS IN BIOLOGY AND PHYSICS
    Note: Includes index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-1180-8
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  • 11
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    Fallacies and Judgments of Reasonableness : Empirical Research Concerning the Pragma-Dialectical Discussion Rules (2009)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789048126149
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 220p. 65 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Argumentation Library 16
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Applied linguistics ; Humanities ; Philosophy ; Applied linguistics ; Humanities ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Logic ; Philosophy (General) ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Argumentation ; Sprachphilosophie
    Abstract: In Fallacies and Judgments of Reasonableness, Frans H. van Eemeren, Bart Garssen and Bert Meuffels report on their systematic empirical research of the conventional validity of the pragma-dialectical discussion rules. The experimental studies they carried out during more than ten years start from the pragma-dialectical theory of argumentation developed at the University of Amsterdam, their home university. In these studies they test methodically the intersubjective acceptability of the rules for critical discussion proposed in this theory by confronting ordinary arguers who have not received any special education in argumentation and fallacies with discussion fragments containing both fallacious and non-fallacious argumentative moves. The research covers a wide range of informal fallacies. In this way, the authors create a basis for comparing the theoretical reasonableness conception of pragma-dialectics with the norms for judging argumentative moves prevailing in argumentative practice. Fallacies and Judgments of Reasonableness provides a unique insight into the relationship between theoretical and practical conceptions of reasonableness, supported by extensive empirical material gained by means of sophisticated experimental research.
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS; 1 Theoretical Background and Organization of the Study; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 A Historical Overview of the Study of Fallacies; 1.3 Modern Theoretical Approaches to the Fallacies; 1.4 The Pragma-Dialectical Approach; 1.5 Plan of the Empirical Study; 1.6 Structure of this Volume; 2 Considerations Regarding the Design of the Study; 2.1 An Outline of Methodological Backgrounds; 2.2 Bowker and Trapp's Research of Ordinary Arguers' Assessment of Argumentation; 2.3 Implications of the Discussion of Bowker and Trapp's Research
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.4 Schreier, Groeben and Christmann's Studies on "ArgumentationalIntegrity"2.5 Alternative Methods; 3 Ad Hominem Fallacies: An Exemplary Study; 3.1 Variants of the Argumentum Ad Hominem; 3.2 Ad hominem Attacks: Fallacies or Not?; 3.3 Organization of the Study; 3.4 Results; 3.5 Discussion; 3.6 Conclusion; 4 The Confrontation Stage: The Freedom Rule; 4.1 The Freedom Rule; 4.2 The Argumentum Ad Baculum, the ArgumentumAd Misericordiam, Declaring a Standpoint Tabooor Sacrosanct
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.3 Judging About the Reasonableness or Unreasonablenessof Discussion Moves with and Without Violation of the FreedomRule4.4 Results; 4.5 Politeness as an Alternative Explanation; 4.6 The Loadedness of the Standpoint; 4.7 Cultural Differences and the Freedom Rule; 4.8 Conclusions; 5 The Opening Stage: The Obligation-to-Defend Rule (I); 5.1 The Obligation-to-Defend Rule in Non-mixed Disputes; 5.2 The Burden of Proof: Onus Probandi; 5.3 Shifting the Burden of Proof; 5.4 Evading the Burden of Proof: Presenting the Standpointas Self-Evident
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.5 Evading the Burden of Proof: Personally Guaranteeingthe correctness of the Standpoint5.6 Evading the Burden of Proof: Immunizing a Standpoint AgainstCriticism; 5.7 Conclusions; 6 The Opening Stage: The Obligation-to-Defend (II); 6.1 The Burden of Proof in Mixed Differences of Opinion; 6.2 The Sequential Problem in Mixed Differences of Opinion; 6.3 The Presumption Principle and the Sequential Problem in MixedDifferences of Opinion; 6.4 The Role of Presumptions in Shifting and Evading the Burden ofProof
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.5 Explicit Verbal Indicators as to the Presumption Principle and Evading the Burden of Proof6.6 The Sequential Order Rule Versus the Obligation-to-Defend Rule; 6.7 Conclusions; 7 The Argumentation Stage: The Argument Scheme Rule; 7.1 Overview of Rules for the Argumentation Stage; 7.2 Argument Schemes, Critical Questions and Types of Fallacies; 7.3 The Argumentum Ad Consequentiam; 7.4 The Argumentum Ad Populum; 7.5 The Fallacy of the Slippery Slope; 7.6 The Fallacy of False Analogy; 7.7 Conclusions; 8 The Concluding Stage: The Concluding Rule; 8.1 The Concluding Rule
    Description / Table of Contents: 8.2 Violations of the Concluding Rule
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    DOI: 10.1007/978-90-481-2614-9
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  • 12
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    Husserl's Logical Investigations in the New Century: Western and Chinese Perspectives (2007)
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402057588
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 55
    DDC: 160
    RVK:
    CI 3015
    Keywords: Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Konferenzschrift 2001 ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 Logische Untersuchungen ; China ; Europa
    Abstract: In this volume, phenomenologists from the West join hands with specialists from mainland China and Hong Kong to discuss the heritage of Husserl's Logical Investigations. Readers will learn of the early reception of Husserl's Logical Investigations in China and understand how Husserl's doctrine of intentionality of consciousness has paved the way to a novel phenomenological explication of religious experience.
    Abstract: This volume is the first of its kind in which phenomenologists from the West join hands with specialists from mainland China and Hong Kong to discuss the heritage of Husserl s Logical Investigations. Whereas all Western contributors to the volume are scholars who possess indubitable authority in phenomenology, their Chinese counterparts are much less well-known in the Western academic arena. Yet the latters' contributions are of the utmost interest. From them readers will learn of the early reception of Husserl s Logical Investigations in China. They will also understand in what way Husserl s doctrine of intentionality of consciousness in the Logical Investigations has paved the way to Scheler s phenomenology of feeling, to a novel phenomenological explication of religious experience, as well as to the little known young Foucault s tentative formulation of a paradoxical phenomenology of the dream. Last but not least, they will also discover how a young Chinese scholar undertakes a thorough reassessment of the problem of being in Husserl in the light of Heideggerian ontology. With these joint perspectives - Western and Chinese - we hope that this volume will contribute to demonstrate the surprisingly rich and inexhaustible life that Husserl s Logical Investigations continues to enjoy in the new century.
    Description / Table of Contents: table of contents.pdf; preface.pdf; Ch 01.pdf; Ch 02.pdf; Ch 03.pdf; Ch 04.pdf; Ch 05.pdf; Ch 06.pdf; Ch 07.pdf; Ch 08.pdf; Ch 09.pdf; Ch 10.pdf; Ch 11.pdf; Notes on Contributors.pdf; Index of Names.pdf
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-5758-8
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  • 13
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    Interpretation, Law and the Construction of Meaning : Collected Papers on Legal Interpretation in Theory, Adjudication and Political Practice (2007)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402053207
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 340
    Keywords: Philosophy of law ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Rechtssystem ; Semiotik
    Abstract: The study of legal semiotics emphasizes the contingency and fluidity of legal concepts and stresses the existence of overlapping, competing and coexisting legal discourses. New problems, changing power structures and societal norms and new faces of injustice - all these force reconsideration, reformulation and even replacement of established doctrines. This book focuses on the application of law in a wide variety of contexts, including international politics and diplomatic practice.
    Abstract: "Legal semiotics emphasizes the contingency and fluidity of legal concepts and stresses the existence of overlapping, competing and coexisting legal discourses. In response to new problems, changing power structures, changing societal norms and new faces of injustice established doctrines are reconsidered, reformulated and partly replaced by competing doctrines and hypotheses. Given the relative indeterminacy of law, it is no surprise that the problem of interpretation has always been one of the focal points of attention for legal semiotics. Who has the power to define words and concepts? Who can successfully assume the power to speak on behalf of the legal community? Which methods are used to justify the power to define? This book discusses the questions mentioned above from three, related perspectives: Legal theory (Part I). This part discusses how more traditional approaches have dealt with the problem of legal interpretation and indeterminacy, questions the methods applied in traditional legal theory and offers new theoretical tools to understand the problem of legal interpretation. Judicial reasoning (Part II). The insights discussed in Part I are refined using legal semiotics, speech act theory and rhetorics and applied to the legal reasoning of courts and tribunals either in common law and civil law traditions. Application of law in politics and diplomatic practice (Part III). Traditionally, the study of legal reasoning has focussed on the application of law by courts and tribunals. However, legal reasoning also takes place outside the courtroom and takes up in the political and diplomatic arena. Who is included and excluded by particular conceptions of law? How does law deal with the phenomenon of interculturality? ""Combining theoretical inspiration with a keen interest in case law, this volume will appeal to scholars and students of legal theory, jurisprudence, legal anthropology, postcolonial studies, indeed to anyone who's interested in problems of interpretation in legal and political theory and practice. It should also come in very handy in the classroom.""Ronnie Lippens, Professor of Criminology, Keele University."
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Law as Fact, Law as Fiction; Lexical Indeterminacy; Topical Jurisprudence; Legal Speech Acts as Intersubjective Communicative Action; Who needs Fact when you've got Narrative? The Case of P,C&S vs. United Kingdom; Taking Facts Seriously; Transforming Ambiguity into Vagueness in Legal Interpretation; The Inclusive/Exclusive Nation; Global Values and Floating Borders in the Brazilian Amazon; Landmarks for Aboriginal Law in Australia; Back Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 205-219) , Selected papers presented at the 2004 International Roundtable for the Semiotics of Law in Lyon , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-5320-7
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  • 14
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    Cognitive Aspects of Bilingualism (2007)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402059353
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 404/.2019
    RVK:
    ER 930
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Applied linguistics ; Psycholinguistics ; Language and languages ; Consciousness ; Kognition ; Zweisprachigkeit ; Zweisprachigkeit ; Psycholinguistik
    Abstract: This work has a uniquely cognitive-functional perspective on bi-lingualism. This means that it makes a clear distinction between real world and projected world. Information conveyed by language must be about the projected world. Both the experimental results and the systematic claims in this volume call for a weak form of whorfianism. The authors examine too some relatively unexplored issues of bilingualism, such as, among others, gender systems in the bilingual mind, synergic concepts, and ontological categorization.
    Abstract: A unique feature of this book is that chapters favor that line of cognitive linguistics which makes a clear distinction between real world and projected world. Information conveyed by language must be about the projected world. Both the experimental results and the systematic claims in this volume call for a weak form of whorfianism. Also, chapters add some relatively unexplored issues of bilingualism to the well-known ones, such as gender systems in the bilingual mind, context and task, synergic concepts, blending, the relationship between lexical categorization and ontological categorization among others.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; The Neurofunctional Components of the Bilingual Cognitive System; Synergic Concepts in the Bilingual Mind; Matrix: Schematic Universals. How Many Minds Does a Bilingual Have?; Grammatical Gender in the Bilingual Lexicon: A Psycholinguistic Approach; Bilingualism and Cognitive Arithmetic; The Role of Cross-Linguistic and Cross-Cultural Experiences in Bilinguals' Divergent Thinking; Task and Context Effects in Bilingual Lexical Processing; Representation and Skill in Second Language Learners and Proficient Bilinguals
    Description / Table of Contents: Second Language Gender System Affects First Language Gender ClassificationBeyond Language: Childhood Bilingualism Enhances High-Level Cognitive Functions; Cross-Linguistic and Cognitive Structures in the Acquisition of WH-Questions in an Indonesian-Italian Bilingual Child
    Note: Description based upon print version of record , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-5935-3
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  • 15
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    De L'Éthique À La Justice : Langage et politique dans la philosophie de Lévinas (2007)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402061226
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Collection Fondée Par H.L. Van Breda Et Publiée Sous Le Patronage Des Centres D'Archives-Husserl 183
    DDC: 320.01
    RVK:
    CI 5837
    Keywords: Ethics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Political science Linguistics_xOntology ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Lévinas, Emmanuel 1906-1995 ; Philosophie
    Abstract: Ernst Wolff
    Abstract: Emmanuel Lévinas est le philosophe de la non-indifférence; il nest en aucune sorte un philosophe indifférent. Son inquiétude personnelle et engagement politique ont trouvé une expression philosophique dans une quête à deux versants. Dans le versant ontologique, il cherche à montrer que même si lhomme est lévénement de compréhension de lêtre, tout lhomme et toute signification ne se réduisent pas à la compréhension de lêtre seul. Dans le versant politique, il sinterroge sur la possibilité de soumettre la tendance totalitaire de toute politique à une recherche de justice qui ne dépend pas finalement de la politique même. Mais ces deux versants nen font quun. La découverte dune signification qui excède la compréhension de lêtre léthique fournit en même temps la source de renouvellement de la justice. Ainsi, par cette double question, Lévinas nous présente les fils conducteurs de notre enquête: une signification au-delà de la compréhension de lêtre et sa portée éthique, que nous appelons «langage» et que nous explorons dans la perspective de son importance politique. Les études analytiques dans lesquelles les notions de politique et de langage fonctionnent comme clef dinterprétation mutuelle débouchent sur une critique centrée sur deux problèmes: limpossibilité dinterpréter la signifiance de lautre et le danger inhérent à la conception dune justice dépassant lEtat.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-6122-6
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    Argumentative Indicators in Discourse : A Pragma-Dialectical Study (2007)
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402062445
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Argumentation Library 12
    DDC: 400
    RVK:
    HF 111
    Keywords: Humanities ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Applied linguistics ; Language and languages ; Englisch ; Konversationsanalyse ; Argumentation ; Diskursmarker
    Abstract: This volume identifies and analyses English words and expressions that are crucial for an adequate reconstruction of argumentative discourse. It provides a systematic set of instruments for giving a well founded analysis that results in an analytic overview of the elements that are relevant for the evaluation of the argumentation. By starting from everyday examples, the study immediately connects with the practice of argumentative discourse.
    Abstract: Argumentative Indicators: A Pragma-Dialectical Study identifies and analyses English words and expressions that are crucial for an adequate reconstruction of argumentative discourse. It provides the analyst of argumentative discussions and texts with a systematic set of instruments for giving a well founded analysis which results in an analytic overview of the elements that are relevant for the evaluation of the argumentation. In the book a systematic connection is made between linguistic insights into the characteristics of argumentative discourse and insights from argumentation theory into the resolution of differences of opinion by means of argumentation.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-6244-5
    URL: Volltext
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  • 17
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    Intentional Acts and Institutional Facts : Essays on John Searle's Social Ontology (2007)
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402061042
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library 41
    DDC: 121
    RVK:
    CI 6721
    Keywords: Ontology ; Science medicine_xOntology ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; medicine Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Searle, John R. 1932- ; Gesellschaft ; Ontologie
    Abstract: Ten original essays examine the central themes of John Searle's ontology of society. Written by an international team of philosophers and social scientists, the essays contribute to a deeper understanding of Searle's work. Moreover, these essays open the door to new approaches to addressing fundamental questions about social phenomena. This book also features a new essay by Searle himself that summarizes and further develops his work.
    Abstract: This book includes ten original essays in three parts that critically examine central themes of John Searle s ontology of society, as well as a new essay by Searle that summarizes and further develops his work in that area. Part I (Aspects of Collective Intentionality) examines the account of collective intention and action underlying Searle s analysis of social and institutional facts, with special emphasis on how that account relates to the dispute between individualism and anti-individualism in the analysis of social behaviour, and to the opposition between internalism and externalism in the analysis of intentionality. Part II (From Intentions to Institutions: Development and Evolution) scrutinizes the ontogenetic and phylogenetic credentials of Searle s view that, unlike other kinds of social facts, institutional facts are uniquely human, and develops original suggestions concerning their place in human evolution and development. Part III (Aspects of Institutional Reality) focuses on Searle s claim that institutional facts owe their existence to the collective acceptance of constitutive rules whose effect is the creation of deontic powers, and examines central issues relevant to its assessment (among others, the status of the distinction between regulative and constitutive rules, the significance of the distinction between brute and deontic powers, and the issue of the logical derivability of normative from descriptive propositions, and the import of the difference between moral and non-moral normative principles).
    Description / Table of Contents: pt. 1. Aspects of collective intentionalitypt. 2. From intentions to institutions : development and evolution -- pt. 3. Aspects of institutional reality.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-6104-2
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  • 18
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    Aquinas and Maimonides on the possibility of the knowledge of god : An examination of the quaestio de attributis (2006)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402047473
    Language: English , Latin
    Pages: Online-Ressource (vi, 324 Seiten)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Amsterdam studies in Jewish thought v. 11
    Series Statement: Amsterdam studies in Jewish thought
    DDC: 212.6
    RVK:
    BD 4601
    RVK:
    BN 2546
    RVK:
    CE 3415
    RVK:
    CE 4715
    RVK:
    CE 3417
    Keywords: Metaphysics ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, medieval ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Thomas von Aquin, Heiliger 1225-1274 ; Maimonides, Moses 1135-1204 ; Gotteserkenntnis
    Abstract: This in-depth study of Thomas Aquinas' Quaestio de Attributis binds together the findings of previous research on the unique history of this text by reconstructing the historical circumstances surrounding its composition, shows that the Quaestio contains Aquinas' final answer to the dispute on the divine attributes, and thoroughly examines his interpretation of Maimonides' position on the issue of the knowledge of God by analysing this and other texts related to it chronologically and doctrinally.
    Abstract: Presents a study of Thomas Aquinas' "Quaestio de attributis", which binds together the findings of research on the history of this text by reconstructing the historical circumstances surrounding its composition. This book also shows that the "Quaestio" contains Aquinas' final answer to the dispute on the divine attributes
    Description / Table of Contents: The Dispute on the Divine Attributes; Aquinas and Maimonides on the Divine Names; The Quaestio de Attributis and Zechariah 14, 9; The Quaestio de Attributis and the Limits of Natural Knowledge; The Knowledge of the Existence of God
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. [307]-317) and indexes , Revision of the author's thesis (Ph.D.)--Hebrew University, 2001 , Text in English and Latin , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-4747-9
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  • 19
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    THE LIMITS OF LOGICAL EMPIRICISM : SELECTED PAPERS OF ARTHUR PAP (2006)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402042997
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: SYNTHESE LIBRARY 334
    DDC: 146.42
    RVK:
    CC 4400
    Keywords: Logic ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Biografie ; Bibliografie ; Notwendigkeit ; Synthetisches Urteil ; Analytizität ; Logik ; Formale Semantik ; Pap, Arthur 1921-1959 ; Pap, Arthur 1921-1959 ; Neopositivismus
    Abstract: This volume collects some of the most significant papers of Arthur Pap. Pap's work played an important role in the development of the analytic tradition. This goes beyond the merely historical fact of Pap's influential views of dispositional and modal concepts. Pap's writings in philosophy of science, modality, and philosophy of mathematics provide insightful alternative perspectives on philosophical problems of current interest.
    Abstract: Arthur Pap s work played an important role in the development of the analytic tradition. This role goes beyond the merely historical fact that Pap s views of dispositional and modal concepts were influential. As a sympathetic critic of logical empiricism, Pap, like Quine, saw a deep tension in logical empiricism at its very best in the work of Carnap. But Pap s critique of Carnap is quite different from Quine s, and represents the discovery of limits beyond which empiricism cannot go, where there lies nothing other than intuitive knowledge of logic itself. Pap s arguments for this intuitive knowledge anticipate Etchemendy s recent critique of the model-theoretic account of logical consequence. Pap s work also anticipates prominent developments in the contemporary neo-Fregean philosophy of mathematics championed by Wright and Hale. Finally, Pap s major philosophical preoccupation, the concepts of necessity and possibility, provides distinctive solutions and perspectives on issues of contemporary concern in the metaphysics of modality. In particular, Pap s account of modality allows us to see the significance of Kripke s well-known arguments on necessity and apriority in a new light.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preliminaries; Contents; Acknowledgments; Introduction; On the Meaning of Necessity (1943); The Different Kinds of A Priori (1944); Logic and the Synthetic A Priori (1949); Are all Necessary Propositions Analytic? (1949); Necessary Propositions and Linguistic Rules (1955); Note on the "Semantic" and the "Absolute" Concepts of Truth (1952); Propositions, Sentences, and the Semantic Definition of Truth (1954); Belief and Propositions (1957); Semantic Examination of Realism (1947); Logic and the Concept of Entailment (1950); Strict Implication, Entailment, and Modal Iteration (1955)
    Description / Table of Contents: Mathematics, Abstract Entities, and Modern Semantics (1957)Extensionality, Attributes, and Classes (1958); A Note on Logic and Existence (1947); The Linguistic Hierarchy and the Vicious-Circle Principle (1954); Other Minds and the Principle of Verifiability (1951); Semantic Analysis and Psycho-Physical Dualism (1952); The Concept of Absolute Emergence (1951); Reduction Sentences and Open Concepts (1953); Extensional Logic and Laws of Nature (1955); Disposition Concepts and Extensional Logic (1958); Are Physical Magnitudes Operationally Definable? (1959)
    Description / Table of Contents: Arthur Pap (1921-1959) : Intellectual Biography of Arthur PapArthur Pap: Biographical Notes; A Bibliography of Arthur Pap; References; Index
    Note: Bibliography of Arthur Pap p. 375-379 , Collection of texts published previously , Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-4299-X
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    Cambridge and Vienna : Frank P. Ramsey and the Vienna Circle (2006)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402041013
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook [2004] 12
    DDC: 146.42
    RVK:
    CI 1150
    RVK:
    CI 6350
    Keywords: Logic ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Ramsey, Frank Plumpton 1903-1930 ; Wiener Kreis
    Abstract: The Institute Vienna Circle held a conference in Vienna in 2003, Cambridge and Vienna - Frank P. Ramsey and the Vienna Circle, to commemorate the philosophical and scientific work of Frank Plumpton Ramsey (1903-1930). This Ramsey conference provided not only historical and biographical perspectives on one of the most gifted thinkers of the Twentieth Century, but also new impulses for further research on at least some of the topics pioneered by Ramsey, whose interest and potential are greater than ever. Ramsey did pioneering work in several fields, practitioners of which rarely know of his important work in other fields: philosophy of logic and theory of language, foundations of mathematics, mathematics, probability theory, methodology of science, philosophy of psychology, and economics. There was a focus on the one topic which was of strongest mutual concern to Ramsey and the Vienna Circle, namely the question of foundations of mathematics, in particular the status of logicism. Although the major scientific connection linking Ramsey with Austria is his work on logic, to which the Vienna Circle dedicated several meetings, certainly the connection which is of greater general interest concerns Ramsey's visits and discussions with Wittgenstein. Ramsey was the only important thinker to actually visit Wittgenstein during his school-teaching career in Puchberg and Ottertal in the 1920s, in Lower Austria, and later, Ramsey was instrumental in getting Wittgenstein positions at Cambridge.
    Description / Table of Contents: Frank Ramsey - A Biographical Sketch; Wittgenstein and Ramsey; The Vicious Circle Principle; Ramsey's Psychological Theory of Belief; Discovering "Weight, or the Value of Knowledge"; Ramsey's Ramsey-sentences; Ramsey and the Vienna Circle on Logicism; Logical Problems Suggested by Logicism; The Foundation of Human Evaluation in Democracies from Ramsey to Damasio; Ramsey'S "Note on Time"; Philosophy of Science after the Social Turn; Notes on the Origins of Fleck's Concept of "Denkstil"; Hans Reichenbach and Logical Empiricism in Turkey
    Description / Table of Contents: Steve Awodey & Carsten Klein (eds.), Carnap Brought Home: The View from Jena. Full Circle: Publications of the Archive of Scientific Philosophy. Volume 2. Chicago: Open Court, 2004Bergmann, Gustav, Collected Works Vol. I: Selected Papers I, edited by E. Tegtmeier , Frankfurt/Lancaster: Ontos-Verlag, 2003; Ferrari, Massimo : Ernst Cassirer - Stationen einer philosophischen Biographie. Von der Marburger Schule zur Kulturphilosophie, Meiner: Hamburg, 2003 (German translation of Cassirer. Dalla Scuola di M
    Description / Table of Contents: Richard C. Jeffrey , Subjective Probability: The Real Thing, Cambridge University Press, 2004 Richard C. Jeffrey , After Logical Empiricism/Depois do Empirismo Lógico, English edition with Portuguese; Patrick Suppes , Representation and Invariance of Scientific Structures, CSLI publications, Stanford, California (distributed by Chicago University Press)
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-4101-2
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  • 21
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    Signs of logic : Peircean themes on the philosophy of language, games, and communication (2006)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402037290
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Synthese library v. 329
    RVK:
    CH 6617
    Keywords: Logic ; Pragmatism ; Semantics ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Mathematics ; Peirce, Charles S. 1839-1914 ; Spieltheorie ; Sprachphilosophie ; Zeichen ; Kommunikation ; Sprachphilosophie ; Zeichen ; Peirce, Charles S. 1839-1914 ; Semiotik ; Logik
    Abstract: Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914) was one of the United States' most original and profound thinkers, and a prolific writer. Peirce's game theory-based approaches to the semantics and pragmatics of signs and language, to the theory of communication, and to the evolutionary emergence of signs, provide a toolkit for contemporary scholars and philosophers. Drawing on unpublished manuscripts, the book offers a rich, fresh picture of the achievements of a remarkable man.
    Abstract: Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914), the principal subject of this book, was one of the most profound and prolific thinkers and scientists to have come out of the United States. His pragmatic logic and scientific methodology largely represent the application of interactive and intercommunicative triadic processes, best viewed as strategic and dialogic conceptualisations of logical aspects of thought, reasoning and action. These viewpoints also involve pragmatic issues in communicating linguistic signs, and are unified in his diagrammatic logic of existential graphs. The various game-theoretic approaches to the semantics and pragmatics of signs and language, to the theory of communication, and to the evolutionary emergence of signs, provide a contemporary toolkit, the relevance of which Peirce envisioned to a wondrous extent. This work sheds considerable new light on these and other aspects of Peirce s philosophy and his pragmatic theory of meaning. Many of his most significant writings in this context reflect his later thinking, covering roughly the last 15-20 years of his life, and they are still unpublished. Drawing comprehensively from his unpublished manuscripts, the book offers a fresh and rich picture of this remarkable man s original involvement with logical aspects of thought in action.
    Description / Table of Contents: An introduction to peirce's logic and semeiotics; From pragmatism to the pragmatics of communication; Peirce's game-theoretic ideas in logic; Moving pictures of thought I; Moving pictures of thought II; Existence, constructivism, models, modalities; Spiel-trieb operationalised: semantic games in logic and language; Logic, language games and ludics; Dialogue foundations and informal logic; Games as formal tools versus games as explanations; The evolution of semantics and language games for meaning; Common ground, relevance and other notions of pragmatics: from peirce to grice and beyond
    Description / Table of Contents: Peirce's theory of communication and its contemporary relevanceGames VIS-À-VIS multi-agent systems: a peircean manifesto; Final words
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 465-484) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-3729-5
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  • 22
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    Responsibility and Punishment (2006)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402041488
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Third Edition
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 9
    DDC: 170
    RVK:
    CC 7250
    RVK:
    PI 4510
    Keywords: Ethics ; Ontology ; Criminology ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethik ; Strafe
    Abstract: Responsibility and Punishment, Third Edition presents a clear-headed defense of retributivism against several long-standing criticisms. In the end, a viable version of retributivism emerges as one which withstands more criticism than competing theories of responsibility and punishment. Extending the problem of wrong doing to collectives and compensation, Corlett explores the matter of reparations for past wrongs in the case of the crimes committed against Native Americans by the United States Government. No other philosophical work on responsibility and punishment exhibits this breadth of scope, as it delves deeply into particular concerns with retributivism, responsibility, and certain areas of compensation. Academicians and professionals in ethics, moral, social, political, and legal philosophy are likely to benefit from this analytical treatment of responsibility and punishment.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; The Problem of Responsibility; The Problem of Punishment; Foundations of a Kantian Retributivism; Assessing Retributivism; Forgiveness, Apology, and Retributive Punishment; Capital Punishment; The Problem of Collective Responsibility; Corporate Responsibility and Punishment; Collective Wrongdoing, Reparations, and Native Americans; Conclusion
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-4148-9
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  • 23
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    How Ficta Follow Fiction : A Syncretistic Account of Fictional Entities (2006)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402051470
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 105
    DDC: 808.397
    RVK:
    CC 4800
    Keywords: Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Metaphysik ; Fiktion ; Entität ; Fiktion ; Objekt ; Semantik ; Metaphysik
    Abstract: This book presents a novel theory of fictional entities which integrates the work of previous authors. It puts forward a new metaphysical conception of the nature of these entities, according to which a fictional entity is a compound entity built up from both a make-believe theoretical element and a set-theoretical element. The author advances a new combined semantic and ontological defence of the existence of fictional entities.
    Abstract: This book presents a novel theory of fictional entities which is syncretistic insofar as it integrates the work of previous authors. It puts forward a new metaphysical conception of the nature of these entities, according to which a fictional entity is a compound entity built up from both a make-believe theoretical element and a set-theoretical element. The fictional entity is constructed by imagining the existence of an individual with certain properties and adding a set-theoretical element consisting of the set of properties corresponding to the properties of the imagined entity. Moreover, the book advances a new combined semantic and ontological defence of the existence of fictional entities.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Committal Theories (I); The Committal Theories (II); The Syncretistic Theory; Further Developments of the Syncretistic Theory; The Noncommittal Theories; The Syncretistic Theory; An Ontological Argument in Favor of the Existence of Fictional Entities
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 247-254) and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-5147-6
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  • 24
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    Aspectual Inquiries (2005)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402030338
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 62
    DDC: 415/.63
    RVK:
    ET 480
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Psycholinguistics ; Semantics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Aspekt
    Abstract: The study of the linguistic reflexes of aspect has been an active field of research in various sub-disciplines of linguistics, such as syntax, semantics (including discourse theory) and acquisition studies. However, communication and dissemination of results across these various subfields has often been indirect. The different angles brought together give us a comprehensive picture of the representation of aspect in the mind/brain of the speaker. The papers in this volume represent the results of a workshop on the syntax, semantics and acquisition of aspect held in 2002 whose purpose was to foment active cross-disciplinary communication. A number of the papers examine the syntactic representation of lexical or situation aspect, while others focus on the syntactic interaction of lexical aspect with grammatical aspect, and of grammatical aspect and tense. Other papers examine the role of aspect in discourse representations, while a third group of papers reports on results of empirical studies on the acquisition of aspect in both first and second language acquisition, and patterns of loss of morphosyntactic reflexes of aspect in language attrition.
    Description / Table of Contents: Issues and Interfaces in the Study of Aspect; Topic or Aspect; Some Notes on the Syntax of Quantity; Articulated vPS and the Computation of Aspectual Classes; Flavors of v; Semi-Copulas; PP, FP and the Telic/Atelic Distinction in Norwegian Motion Constructions; The Spatio-Temporal Path and Aspectual Composition; Aspect and Temporal Modification; Aspectual Entities and Tense in Discourse; Stage Structure and Stage Salience for Event Semantics; Aspectual Viewpoints, Speech Act Functions and Discourse Structure; Child Non-Finite Clauses and the Mood-Aspect Connection; Imperfect Imperfectives
    Description / Table of Contents: L2 Acquisition of Aspectual Distinctions in PolishAspect Lost, Aspect Regained; Tracking the Elusive Imperfect in Adult L2 Acquisition
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. [421]-449) and index , The papers in this volume represent the results of the Workshop on the Syntax, Semantics, and Acquisition of Aspect, held at the University of Iowa in May 2002 , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-3033-9
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    Turkish Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science (2005)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402033339
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2005 Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 244
    Parallel Title: Print version Turkish Studies in the History and Philosophy if Science
    DDC: 001.01 s
    RVK:
    CC 3100
    Keywords: Philosophy of Mind ; Science History ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Türkei ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie
    Abstract: As an academic discipline, the philosophy and history of science in Turkey was marked by two historical events: Hans Reichenbach's immigrating to Turkey and taking a post between 1933 and 1938 at Istanbul University prior to his tenure at UCLA, and Aydin Sayili's establishing a chair in the history of science in 1952 after having become the first student to receive a Ph.D. under George Sarton at Harvard University. Since then, both disciplines have flourished in Turkey. The present book, which contains seventeen newly commissioned articles, aims to give a rich overview of the current state of research by Turkish philosophers and historians of science. Topics covered address issues in methodology, causation, and reduction, and include philosophy of logic and physics, philosophy of psychology and language, and Ottoman science studies. The book also contains an unpublished interview with Maria Reichenbach, Hans Reichenbach's wife, which sheds new light on Reichenbach's academic and personal life in Istanbul and at UCLA.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-3333-8
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  • 26
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    The Science of the Individual: Leibniz's Ontology of Individual Substance (2005)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402032608
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Topoi Library 6
    DDC: 111.1092
    RVK:
    CF 5517
    Keywords: Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 ; Metaphysik ; Individualität ; Substanz ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 ; Substanz
    Abstract: In his well-known Discourse on Metaphysics, Leibniz puts individual substance at the basis of metaphysical building. In so doing, he connects himself to a venerable tradition. His theory of individual concept, however, breaks with another idea of the same tradition, that no account of the individual as such can be given. Contrary to what has been commonly accepted, Leibniz's intuitions are not the mere result of the transcription of subject-predicate logic, nor of the uncritical persistence of some old metaphysical assumptions. They grow, instead, from an unprejudiced inquiry about our basic ontological framework, where logic of truth, linguistic analysis, and phenomenological experience of the mind's life are tightly interwoven. Leibniz's struggle for a concept capable of grasping concrete individuals as such is pursued in an age of great paradigm changes - from the Scholastic background to Hobbes's nominalism to the Cartesian 'way of ideas' or Spinoza's substance metaphysics - when the relationships among words, ideas and things are intensively discussed and wholly reshaped. This is the context where the genesis and significance of Leibniz's theory of 'complete being' and its concept are reconstrued. The result is a fresh look at some of the most perplexing issues in Leibniz scholarship, like his ideas about individual identity and the thesis that all its properties are essential to an individual. The questions Leibniz faces, and to which his theory of individual substance aims to answer, are yet, to a large extent, those of contemporary metaphysics: how to trace a categorial framework? How to distinguish concrete and abstract items? What is the metaphysical basis of linguistic predication? How is trans-temporal sameness assured? How to make sense of essential attributions? In this ontological framework Leibniz's further questions about the destiny of human individuals and their history are spelt out. Maybe his answers also have something to tell us. This book is aimed at all who are interested in Leibniz's philosophy, history of early modern philosophy and metaphysical issues in their historical development.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. [393]-413) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-3260-9
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    From the Act of Judging to the Sentence : The Problem of Truth Bearers from Bolzano to Tarski (2005)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402033971
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 328
    RVK:
    CC 4000
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Glycoproteins Congresses physiology ; Tarski, Alfred 1901-1983 ; Wahrheitstheorie ; Österreich ; Polen ; Analytische Philosophie ; Wahrheitstheorie ; Geschichte 1800-1933 ; Wahrheit
    Abstract: This book offers a detailed study of the truth-bearers problem, that is, the question of which category of items the predicates 'true' and 'false' are predicated. The book has two dimensions: historical and systematic. Both focus around Tarski's semantic theory of truth. The author locates Tarski's ideas in a broad context of Austrian philosophy, in particular, Brentano's tradition. However, Bolzano and phenomenology (Husserl and Reinach) are also taken into account. The historical perspective is completed by showing how Tarski was rooted in Polish philosophical tradition originated with Twardowski and his version of Brentanism. The historical considerations are the basis for showing how the idea of truth-bearers as acts of judging was transformed into the theory of truth-bearers as sentences. In particular, the author analyses the way to nominalism in Polish philosophy, culminating in Lesniewski, Kotarbinski and Tarski. This book is indispensable for everybody interested in the evolution of Austrian philosophy from descriptive psychology to semantics. It is also a fundamental contribution toward a deeper understanding of the philosophical background of Tarski's theory of truth.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: Alfred Tarski's Philosophical Background in the Context of His 1933 Definition of Truth; The Notion of the Truth Bearer; Descriptive Psychology: The Theory of Judgement as the Theory of Cognition and Knowledge; Judgement, Psychology, and Language; The Ontology of Judgement; Reism; The Objectivity of Truth; Ontologism, Abstract Objects and Nominalism; Brentanism and the Background of the Semantics of the Lvov-Warsaw School; Judgment, Belief, and Sentences: Remarks on the Truth Bearer in the Lvov-Warsaw School; Final Comments
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 221-233) and index , Originally presented as the author's thesis (doctoral), written in German under the title: Vom Urteil zum Satz. Das Wahrheitsträgerproblem von Bolzano zu Tarski , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-3397-4
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  • 28
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    Anaphora and Type Logical Grammar (2005)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402039058
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Trends in Logic, Studia Logica Library 24
    RVK:
    ET 770
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Logic ; Computational Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Mathematische Logik
    Abstract: Develops a hybrid architecture that allows to incorporate anaphora resolution into grammatical deduction. After giving an introduction into Type Logical Grammar in general, this book discusses the formal properties of this connective
    Description / Table of Contents: Preliminaries; Contents; List of Tables; 1 TYPE LOGICAL GRAMMAR THE FRAMEWORK; 2 THE PROBLEM OF ANAPHORA; 3 LAMBEK CALCULUS WITH LIMITED CONTRACTION; 4 PRONOUNS AND QUANTIFICATION; 6 INDEFINITES; References; Index
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-3905-0
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  • 29
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    Ellipsis and Nonsentential Speech (2005)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402023019
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: En]Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 81
    DDC: 415
    RVK:
    ET 680
    Keywords: Semantics ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Artificial intelligence ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Ellipse ; Satz
    Abstract: The papers in this volume address two main topics:Q1: What is the nature, and especially the scope, of ellipsis in natural language? Q2: What are the linguistic/philosophical implications of what one takes the nature/scope of ellipsis to be? Each of these main topics includes a large sub-part that deals specifically with nonsentential speech. Within the first main topic, Q1, there arises the sub-issue of whether nonsentential speech falls within the scope of ellipsis or not, within the second main topic, Q2, there arises the sub-issue of what linguistic/philosophical implications follow, if nonsentential speech does/does not count as ellipsis. This book is unique in that it offers the reader, Papers on the boundary between philosophy and linguistics, Applications of advanced work in theoretical linguistics to traditional philosophical questions, It is the only volume of papers ever published on sub-sentential speech, Major contribution to our understanding of ellipsis in natural language, presently a central topic in syntactic theory. This book is of interest to professionals and advanced graduate students in the fields of philosophy of language, semantics, and syntax.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Against Reconstruction in Ellipsis; The Semantics of Nominal Exclamatives; Nonsententials in Minimalism; A Note on Alleged Cases of Nonsentential Assertion; On the Interpretation and Performance of Non-Sentential Assertions; Non-Sentences, Implicature, and Success in Communication; The Link between Sentences and 'Assertion': An Evolutionary Accident?; Knowledge by Acquaintance and Meaning in Isolation; Co-Extensive Theories and Unembedded Definite Descriptions; The Ellipsis Account of Fiction-Talk; Quinean Interpretation and Anti-Vernacularism
    Description / Table of Contents: Saying What You Mean: Unarticulated Constituents and Communication
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-2301-4
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  • 30
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    Levinas Concordance (2005)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402041259
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 194
    RVK:
    CI 5830
    Keywords: Ethics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy (General) ; Konkordanz ; Lévinas, Emmanuel 1906-1995
    Abstract: This work is the first Levinas Concordance. The particularity of this index is that it covers on all the 28 books published by Levinas in French. The Levinas Concordance comprises the complete list of meaningful words of Levinas' oeuvre and their corresponding occurrences, indicated by book, page and line. The Levinas Concordance contains eight specific indexes: General Index of French Terms, General Index of Proper Names, Index of Hebrew, Biblical and Talmudic Proper Names, Index of Hebrew Terms, Index of Greek Terms, Index of Latin Terms, Index of German Terms, Index of Works.
    Abstract: Covering all the 28 books published by Levinas in French, this book comprises the complete list of meaningful words of Levinas' oeuvre and their corresponding occurrences, indicated by book, page and line. It contains eight specific indexes
    Description / Table of Contents: Preliminary; Introduction; List of Abbreviations; General Index of French Terms; General Index of Proper Names; Index of Hebrew, Biblical and Talmudic Proper Names; Index of Hebrew Terms; Index of Greek Terms; Index of Latin Terms; Index of German Terms; Index of Works
    Note: Description based upon print version of record , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-4125-X
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    Does the World Exist? : Plurisignificant Ciphering of Reality (2004)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401000475
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (LXIV, 887 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 79
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology
    Abstract: "Does the World exist?" There would be no reason to resurrect this question of modernity from its historical oblivion were it not for the fact that recent evolution in science and technology, impregnating culture, makes us wonder about the nature of reality, of the world we are living in, and of our status as living beings within it. Thus great metaphysical subjacent queries are forcefully revived, calling for new investigations to proceed in the light of the innumerable novel insights of science. This collection presents a wealth of material toward an elaboration of a new metaphysical groundwork of the ontopoiesis/ phenomenology of life sought to effect such investigations. The classic postulates of the metaphysics of reality, those of necessity and certainty here find a new formulation. Away from sclerotized ontological and cognitive assumptions and congenial with the views of contemporary science, the understanding of reality, of our world of life, and of ourselves within it is to be sought in the existential/ontopoietic ciphering of life (Tymieniecka)
    Description / Table of Contents: From the Contens:Acknowledgments.- I: Framing the Ontopoietic Vision of the World and Existence.-II: Toward Lifting of the Classical Controversy Idealism/Realism -- III: Transcendentalism Revisited -- IV: Ciphering the Plurisignificant Sharing of Existence -- V: The Creating Ciphering of Reality by Art --  VI: The Worlds of Human Inward-Outward Existential Radiation of Reality -- VII: The Cultural Ciphers of the World.- VIII: The New Ciphering of the Constant Coordinates of the World and Existence -- IX: Some Contributions to the Scientific Interpretation of the Origins of Life -- Index Of Names.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0047-5
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    Predicates and Their Subjects (2004)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401006903
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (372p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 74
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Semantics ; Syntax. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: Predicates and their Subjects is an in-depth study of the syntax-semantics interface focusing on the structure of the subject-predicate relation. Starting from where the author's 1983 dissertation left off, the book argues that there is syntactic constraint that clauses (small and tensed) are constructed out of a one-place unsaturated expression, the predicate, which must be applied to a syntactic argument, its subject. The author shows that this predication relation cannot be reduced to a thematic relation or a projection of argument structure, but must be a purely syntactic constraint. Chapters in the book show how the syntactic predication relation is semantically interpreted, and how the predication relation explains constraints on DP-raising and on the distribution of pleonastics in English. The second half of the book extends the theory of predication to cover copular constructions; it includes an account of the structure of small clauses in Hebrew, of the use of `be' in predicative and identity sentences in English, and concludes with a study of the meaning of the verb `be'
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0690-3
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    Responsibility and Punishment : Revised Second Edition (2004)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401704212
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 214 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 9
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Criminology ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: Responsibility and Punishment, Third Edition presents a clear-headed defense of retributivism against several long-standing criticisms. In the end, a viable version of retributivism emerges as one which withstands more criticism than competing theories of responsibility and punishment. Extending the problem of wrong doing to collectives and compensation, Corlett explores the matter of reparations for past wrongs in the case of the crimes committed against Native Americans by the United States Government. No other philosophical work on responsibility and punishment exhibits this breadth of scope, as it delves deeply into particular concerns with retributivism, responsibility, and certain areas of compensation. Academicians and professionals in ethics, moral, social, political, and legal philosophy are likely to benefit from this analytical treatment of responsibility and punishment. "In the Third Edition of Responsibility and Punishment, Angelo Corlett has made an outstanding book even better! Corlett's book is distinctive in the way it blends abstract theory with concrete application in a sophisticated way. There is work just on theory, and primarily applied work; but Corlett manages to meld the two in a unique and highly successful way. Highly recommended!" John Martin Fischer, author of "The Metaphysics of Free Will" and "Responsibility and Control". "This provocative and highly insightful piece of work constitutes a novel, significant, and welcome contribution to the literature on the moral justification of punishment. Corlett's development of an original version of retributivism, with special emphasis on principles of proportional punishment, is particularly engaging." Ishtiyaque Haji, author of "Deontic Morality" and "Moral Appraisability". J. Angelo Corlett is Professor of Philosophy & Ethics at San Diego State University, and author of over 75 articles in various leading philosophy and other academic journals, including the books: Analyzing Social Knowledge (Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, 1996); Terrorism: A Philosophical Analysis (Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003), Philosophical Studies Series, Volume 101; Race, Racism, and Reparations (Cornell University Press, 2003). He also serves as the Editor-in -Chief of The Journal of Ethics: An International Philosophical Review (Springer), and is the editor of and contributor to Equality and Liberty: Analyzing Rawls and Nozick (Macmillan, 1990)
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0421-2
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    Moralities : A Diachronic Evolutionary Approach (2004)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401705004
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 171 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 100
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: This is the final work of the distinguished philosopher Paul Ziff, whose earlier books include Understanding Understanding, Philosophical Turnings, and Semantic Analysis. It is carefully crafted and written in numbered paragraphs rather than chapters, in style of the later Wittgenstein. The work concerns morality, rationality, symbolism and imagery. In the words of the author: "The primary thesis of this essay is that, although there are many different and conflicting moralities, both here in America and throughout the world, some of them can be criticized and rejected on rational grounds. There are other moralities that one can personally reject, but they cannot be criticized on rational grounds. The same is true of the various values and priorities that different people have. Some are open to criticism on rational grounds; others are not open to such criticism." His conclusion is: "Symbolism and imagery constitute the real and only basis of the moralities that I have endeavored to characterize here, my own morality and that of others. But the most fundamental image of all of my morality is that which is created by an appreciation of life, all life
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0500-4
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    Philosophical Languages in the Seventeenth Century: Dalgarno, Wilkins, Leibniz (2004)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400710368
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 415 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 54
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy. ; Linguistics Philosophy ; History ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: This book gives a clear and thorough description of three fascinating linguistic projects that were carried out in the seventeenth century: the philosophical languages of George Dalgarno (1661) and John Wilkins (1668), as well as the work of Leibniz in this area. These projects combined practical purposes, such as improving communication, with profound theoretical insights concerning the representation of knowledge and the nature of language. Rich in detail, this book provides all the material for a proper understanding of the workings of these schemes, while illuminating the intellectual context in which they took shape. It will be welcomed by anyone interested in the history of linguistics and philosophy of language
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-1036-8
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  • 36
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    (Over)Interpreting Wittgenstein (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400708228
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 237 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 319
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Humanities ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: (Over)Interpreting Wittgenstein will be read by philosophers investigating Wittgenstein and by scholars, interpreters, students, and specialists, in both analytic and continental philosophy. It will intrigue readers interested in issues of interpretation and cultural studies. This book tells the story - as yet untold - of Wittgenstein interpretation during the past eighty years. It provides different interpretations, chronologies, developments, and controversies. It aims to discover the (socio-cultural rather than psychological) motives and motivations behind the philosophical community's project of interpreting Wittgenstein. As a cultural history of ideas, it traces the parallelism between Wittgenstein interpretation and the move from metaphysics, to language, to postmodernism effected in the twentieth century
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-0822-8
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  • 37
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    Terrorism : A Philosophical Analysis (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401000390
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 232 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 101
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Political science Philosophy ; Political philosophy. ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Philosophy. ; Political science—Philosophy. ; Law—Philosophy.
    Abstract: What is terrorism? Can it ever be the right thing to do? Who is really responsible for terrorism? Should governments never negotiate with terrorists? And how can terrorism be stopped? Terrorism: A Philosophical Analysis is a unique book on terrorism that openly, rationally and passionately delves into what underlies terrorism, what in some cases justifies it on ethical grounds, and how terrorism might be dealt with successfully. Rather than assuming from the start a particular point of view about terrorism, this book uniquely engages the reader in a series of critical discussions that unveil the ethical problems underlying terrorism. A must-read for everyone interested in understanding the depths of terrorism
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0039-0
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  • 38
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    Sign Levels : Language and Its Evolutionary Antecedents (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401000116
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 260 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 96
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Methodology ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: Through a variety of logical/linguistic investigations, the past century witnessed some of the most important advances in the history of philosophy. The outcome, however, has been the largely isolated results of a piece-meal approach to philosophy. In his landmark work Sign Levels, D.S. Clarke provides readers with an integrative framework designed to overcome this lack of sustained focus. Drawing on the pragmatist tradition of semiotic of Peirce and Morris, he traces the development of the logical categories of language to the more primitive sign levels of natural events and signals. The concluding chapters discuss the unique features introduced by spoken natural languages and the written specialized languages used within social institutions. This bold venture into synthetic philosophy provides: * a methodology for comparing language to primitive sign levels that avoids reductionism; * comparisons and contrasts between sign levels that enable distinctions between necessary and contingent features of language; * an integrative framework for relating isolated results in linguistic philosophy, experimental psychology, and ethology; * a means of resolving some of the principal metaphysical disputes derived from linguistic investigations
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0011-6
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  • 39
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    Language, Truth and Knowledge : Contributions to the Philosophy of Rudolf Carnap (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401701518
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 193 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Institute Library [2003] 2
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Institute Library 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Semantics ; Philosophy. ; Epistemology. ; Logic ; Ontology ; Semiotics. ; Philosophy—History. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: This collection, with essays by Graham H. Bird, Jaakko Hintikka, Ilkka Niiniluoto, Jan Wolenski, will interest graduate students of the philosophy of language and logic, as well as professional philosophers, historians of analytic philosophy, and philosophically inclined logicians. Language, Truth and Knowledge brings together 11 new essays that offer a wealth of insights on a number of Carnap's concerns and ideas. The volume arose out of a symposium on Carnap's work at an international conference held in Vienna in 2001. The essays are written from a variety of perspectives: -some essays aim at rebutting influential criticisms directed at Carnap's views; -others examine and assess his thought in the light of recent developments in the neurosciences; -still others are historical and describe the development of Carnap's thought; -they all shed light on the relation of this thought and different philosophical traditions. These essays form a collection that will prove a valuable resource for our understanding of the historic Carnap and the living philosophical issues with which he grappled
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0151-8
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    Locke on Essence and Identity (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400710054
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 212 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 98
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Ontology
    Abstract: This book is a study of John Locke's metaphysics of organisms and persons, with particular emphasis on his theory of identity through time and his conventionalism with respect to kinds and essences. Although these positions seem to be obviously incompatible-his persistence conditions for organisms and persons evidently commit him to attributing de re essential properties to these objects-the final three chapters constitute a sustained argument against this position. After presenting three arguments for thinking that the organisms and persons in Locke's ontology have both spatial and temporal extent, Conn argues that on a four-dimensional ontology (and only on such an ontology) there is no contradiction between Locke's theory of identity and his rejection of essentialism
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-1005-4
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  • 41
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    Wholes, Sums and Unities (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401702096
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 312 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 97
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Biology Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy of nature ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: According to Ariel Meirav, the root of some of our most noteworthy difficulties in the metaphysics of concrete entities has been the traditional tendency to focus on the horizontal dimension of wholes (i.e. relations between the parts of a whole), and to neglect the vertical dimension (i.e. relations between the whole itself and its parts). In Wholes, Sums and Unities, Meirav formulates a critique of widely accepted mereological assumptions, presents a new conception of wholes as `Unities', and demonstrates the advantages of this new conception in treating a variety of metaphysical puzzles (such as that of Tibbles the cat). More generally he suggests that conceiving wholes as Unities offers us a new way of understanding the world in non-reductive terms
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0209-6
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  • 42
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    Time and Ethics: Essays at the Intersection (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401735308
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 241 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 14
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: Ethics seeks answers to questions about the moral status of human actions and human lives. Actions and lives are temporal things. Thus, one would think that answers to ethical questions should take some account of their temporal features. And yet, while a number of authors have drawn attention to the relation between time and ethics (Derek Parfit and Thomas Nagel in particular), there has never been a systematic study of the impact of temporal considerations on ethical issues. There is a pressing need for an investigation into how time and ethics impact on each other. This book leads the way in addressing that need. The essays in this collection raise and investigate some of the key issues that arise at the intersection between these two areas of philosophy. Anyone with an interest in ethics, (undergraduates, postgraduates and professional philosophers alike), will have a reason to read this book, as will anyone with an interest in the metaphysics of time, and how it connects with issues in other areas of philosophy
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3530-8
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  • 43
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    Concepts of Meaning : Framing an Integrated Theory of Linguistic Behavior (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401701976
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 278 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 92
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Epistemology. ; Social sciences ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Concepts of Meaning includes contributions from well-known philosophers of language and semanticists. It is a useful collection for students in philosophy of language, semantics and epistemology. This work discusses new research in semantics, theory of truth, philosophy of language and theory of communication from a trans-disciplinary perspective. An integrated theory of linguistic behavior should provide a framework to make behavior intelligible. This work addresses issues such as sentence meaning, utterance meaning, speaker's intention and reference, linguistic context, circumstances and background theories. Readers will learn that interpretation is a result of a complex pattern
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0197-6
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  • 44
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    The Paradoxes of Action : Human Action, Law and Philosophy (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401702058
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 139 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 67
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Political science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Law—Philosophy.
    Abstract: What is an action, and what is an omission? Are actions natural phenomena, or rather a product of our vision of the world? What is the difference between an action and a mere bodily movement? Can actions be counted? What is the role of intention for the identification of actions? Can we make mistakes in identifying our own actions? Under what conditions is it possible to impute a non-intentional action to someone? This book suggests answers, or at least presents conceptual tools for finding answers, to these and other, related questions. The author displays a sovereign command and profound understanding of the complex theoretical issues involved and offers an original approach to the analysis of action. The book is written in a very accessible style and is of interest to lawyers, legal scientists and philosophers. It will be of specific interest to specialists of action theory and non-specialists who wish to learn more about some of the principal philosophical and legal conceptions of action and the analysis of their structures
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0205-8
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  • 45
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    The Logical Grammar of Abelard (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401702393
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 235 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 51
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Linguistics ; Philosophy. ; Medieval philosophy. ; Philosophy, medieval ; Logic ; Historical linguistics. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: Abelard is one of the foremost protagonists of the "twelfth-century Renaissance". He 'picks up the baton' from Boethius resuming the activity of commenting on Aristotle's works. The present book focuses on the logical-grammatical analysis of natural language, which for Abelard is a fragment of "scientific Latin". Tools of modern categorial grammar are employed to clarify many of the problems raised by historiography (such as meaning, abstract entities and universals). Among the merits of the volume is the fact that it has enlightened the radical interplay between the traditions of Aristotle's and Priscian's commentators and, in this context, Abelard's peculiar role in exploring a new field of linguistic inquiry. An ample analysis of grammatical sources and critical literature allows to evaluate the progress which is at the basis of the forthcoming terministic logic. The book is aimed at scholars of medieval philosophy as well as historians of logic and linguistics
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface. 1: Grammatical Sources. 1.1. Grammatici logicis consistientes. 1.2. Categorization. 1.3. Lexical categories. 1.4. Composition. 1.5. The meaning relation. 1.6. Predication and truth -- 2: Categories and Lexicon. 2.1. Categorization. 2.2. Categories and type meanings. 2.3. Semantic categories. 2.4. Derived expressions. 2.5. Non-defined expressions -- 3: Grammatical Composition. 3.1. Syntactic rules. 3.2. Pronouns and determiners. 3.3. Expressions composed of common nouns and adjectives. 3.4. Expressions composed of 'est' and nominal phrases. 3.5.Complex sentences. 3.6. Modal phrases. 3.7. Determined modal expressions -- 4: Meaning. 4.1. Problems of semantic representation. 4.2. Denotations of terms and sentences. 4.3. The meaning relation. 4.4. Composition of meanings. 4.5. Transfers of meaning. 4.6. The conceptual meaning -- 5: Predication and truth. 5.1. Praedicari de pluribus. 5.2. The meaning of predicative link. 5.3. The truth: Consequentia de propositionibus ad res. 5.4. The truth of categorical propositions. 5.5. The truth of hypothetical propositions. 5.6. A model for modalities -- Appendix. Bibliography. Index.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0239-3
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  • 46
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    Philosophical Dimensions of Logic and Science : Selected Contributed Papers from the 11th International Congress of Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science, Kraków, 1999 (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401726122
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 396 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 320
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Logic ; Philosophy of nature ; Artificial intelligence ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Philosophical Dimensions of Logic and Science is a collection of outstanding contributed papers presented at the 11th International Congress of Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science held in Kraków in 1999. The Congress was a follow-up to the series of meetings, initiated once by Alfred Tarski, which aimed to provide an interdisciplinary forum for scientists, philosophers and logicians. The articles selected for publication in the book comply with that idea and innovatively address current issues in logic, metamathematics, philosophy of language, philosophy of science, and cognitive science, as well as philosophical problems of biology, chemistry and physics. The volume will be of interest to philosophers, logicians and scientists interested in foundational problems of their disciplines
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- I: Logic and Metamathematics. 1. A classification of logics over FLew. 2. On representing semantics in finite models. 3. Spectra of formulae with Henkin quantifiers. 4. On SigmaN-definability in arithmetic. 5. Arithmetic complexity of the predicate logics. 6. Straightforward proof of Köbler-Messner's result. 7. On the persistent difficulty of disjunction -- II: Science. 8. Science, lifeworld and realism. 9. Explaining laws by reduction. 10. Akaike's theorem and Bayesian methodology. 11. Does a living system have a state? 12. Do genes code for traits? 13. Chemistry and the completeness of physics. 14. The thermodynamic arrow of time. 15. Modal interpretations. 16. Cartwright's models are not adequate for EPR -- III: Language. 17. Radical anti-realism and substructural logics. 18. The minimalist conception of truth. 19. Truth and satisfaction by the empty sequence. 20. Truth, propositions and context. 21. Actuality and possibility. 22. Possible worlds semantics and the liar -- IV: Cognition. 23. The triplet modeling of concept connections. 24. Evaluation and testing in creativity. 25. Assessment in the limits of scientific inquiry. 26. Inferential traps in an escalation process -- Index of Names.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2612-2
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  • 47
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    Early Modern Natural Law Theories : Contexts and Strategies in the Early Enlightenment (2003)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401703918
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (364 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 186
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 186
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy. ; Ontology ; History ; Political science. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: The study of natural law theories is presently one of the most fruitful areas of research in the studies of early modern intellectual history, and moral and political theory. Likewise the historical significance of the Enlightenment for the development of `modernisation' in many different forms continues to be the subject of controversy. This collection therefore offers a timely opportunity to re-examine both the coherence of the concept of an `early Enlightenment', and the specific contribution of natural law theories to its formation. The works of major thinkers such as Grotius, Hobbes, Locke, Malebranche, Pufendorf and Thomasius are reassessed, and the appeal and importance of the discourse of natural jurisprudence both to those working inside conventional educational and political structures and to those outside - such as in the Huguenot diaspora - is evaluated. This volume will therefore be of importance to all those readers concerned to study the character of the debates in the period 1650-1750 surrounding moral and political agency, sovereignty and obligation, and the legitimation of religious toleration in the divergent states and patriotic contexts of Europe
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0391-8
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  • 48
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    In the Scope of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science : Volume Two of the 11th International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, Cracow, August 1999 (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401704755
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (376 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 316
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy. ; Artificial intelligence ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: This is the second of two volumes containing papers submitted by the invited speakers to the 11th international Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, held in Cracow in 1999, under the auspices of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science, Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science. The invited speakers are the leading researchers and accordingly the book presents the current state of the intellectual discourse in the respective fields
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0475-5
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  • 49
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    Ideas for a Hermeneutic Phenomenology of the Natural Sciences : Volume II: On the Importance of Methodical Hermeneutics for a Hermeneutic Phenomenology of the Natural Sciences (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401003797
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 208 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 46
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Ideas for Hermeneutic Phenomenology of Natural Sciences (published in 1993 as volume 15 of this series) comprised mainly ontological reflections on the natural sciences. That book explained why the natural sciences must be considered inherently interpretive in character, and clarified the conditions under which scientific interpretations are "legitimate" and may be called "true". This companion volume focuses on methodological issues. Its first part elucidates the methodical hermeneutics developed in the 19th century by Boeckh, Birt, Dilthey, and others. Its second part, through the use of concrete examples drawn from modern physics as it unfolded from Copernicus to Maxwell, clarifies and "proves" the main points of the ontologico-hermeneutical conception of the sciences elaborated in the earlier volume. It thereby both illuminates the most important problems confronting an ontologico-phenomenological approach to the natural sciences and offers an alternative to Kuhn's conception of the historical development of the natural sciences
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0379-7
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  • 50
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    Instrumental Rationality and Moral Philosophy : An Essay on the Virtues of Cooperation (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401599825
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 298 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, Series A: Philosophy and Methodology of the Social Sciences 33
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 33
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Economics ; Economic theory. ; Decision making. ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Operations research ; Philosophy. ; Econometrics.
    Abstract: This book deals with a fundamental problem in political and moral philosophy: why should an otherwise rational agent comply with norms? The book is unique in that it deals with this question against the background of previously unconnected work in areas as diverse as evolutionary game theory, moral philosophy, action theory, formal decision theory, and social psychology. The author argues that standard rational choice analyses fail to explain several crucial features of norm-guided behavior. A complete analysis of the reasons rational agents have for compliance with norms has to include an account of specific virtues, such as trust and fairness. In order to accommodate these virtues in the theory of rational choice, Verbeek argues that we need to give up the inherently forward-looking character of instrumentally rational deliberation. Audience: This book will be of interest to students, philosophers, and economists, as well as other social theorists interested in norms
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9982-5
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    Knowledge and Language : Selected Essays of L. Jonathan Cohen (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401720205
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (352 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 227
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 227
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This collection of twenty papers deals with a wide range of issues in philosophy of language, epistemology, history of philosophy, philosophy of psychology, jurisprudence and philosophy of science. It should be of interest to, and prove a stimulus for new work by, researchers and practitioners working in any of these fields. Tracing a route backwards through the papers as presented here, the final group is largely concerned with how empirical knowledge may be acquired through evidence in states of uncertainty; the middle group explores how such evidence often requires or results in conceptual innovation and is given to us in language the meaning of which may be difficult to determine; the first group explores how a theory of meaning can be constructed for natural and artificial languages. The papers exhibit a distinctive analytical perspective and a great deal of thematic continuity, underpinned by commitment to the richness both of language and of enquiry and opposition to simplistic or dogmatic formalisations and analyses
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2020-5
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    Moral Beliefs and Moral Theory (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401599948
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 293 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 10
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This book defends moral cognitivism with a new approach. The author maintains that the truth of moral judgments is determined in fundamentally the same way as is the truth of non-moral judgments, i.e. by appeal to truth conditions which are incorporated in beliefs held in common by a wide variety of societies. She argues that if a moral theory can be developed which can account for widely held, well-established moral beliefs, this would provide a set of truth conditions for moral judgments. A theory designed to do this - and through which major moral disagreements can be resolved - is presented here, together with discussions of many actual and possible objections. The book is intended for professional philosophers and advanced students of philosophy
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9994-8
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    A Model-Theoretic Realist Interpretation of Science (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401705837
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 203 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 311
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Logic ; Ontology ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: In this book Emma Ruttkamp demonstrates the power of the full-blown employment of the model-theoretic paradigm in the philosophy of science. Within this paradigm she gives an account of sciences as process and product. She expounds the "received statement" and the "non-statement" views of science, and shows how the model-theoretic approach resolves the spurious tension between these views. In this endeavour she also engages the views of a number of contemporary philosophers of science with affinity to model theory. This text can be read by specialists working in philosophy of science or formal semantics, by logicians working on the structure of theories, and by students in philosophy of science - this text offers a thorough introduction to non-statement accounts of sciences as well as a discussion of the traditional statement account of science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0583-7
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  • 54
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    A Paradigm Theory of Existence : Onto-Theology Vindicated (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401705882
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 286 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 89
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Religion. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: What is it for any contingent thing to exist? Why does any contingent thing exist? For some time now, the preferred style in addressing such questions has been deflationary when it has not been eliminativist. In its critical half, this book thoroughly analyzes and demolishes the main deflationary and eliminativist accounts of existence, including those of Brentano, Frege, Russell, and Quine, thereby restoring existence to its rightful place as one of the deep topics in philosophy, if not the deepest. In its constructive half, the book defends the thesis that the two questions admit of a unified answer, and that this answer takes the form of what the author calls a paradigm theory of existence. The central idea of the paradigm theory is that existence itself is a paradigmatically existent concrete individual. In this way the author vindicates onto-theology and puts paid to the Heideggerian conceit that Being cannot itself be a being. This work will be of interest to all serious students and teachers of philosophy, especially those interested in metaphysics and the philosophy of religion
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- I: The Idea of a Paradigm Theory of Existence -- II: Is Existence a First-Level Property?- III: The `No Difference' Theory -- IV: Is Existence a Property of Properties?- V: Mondial Attribute Theories -- VI: The Ontology of the Contingent Existent -- VII: The Ground of the Contingent Existent -- VIII: The Paradigm Existent. References -- Index.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0588-2
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    Recent Themes in the Philosophy of Science : Scientific Realism and Commonsense (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401728621
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIII, 215 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 17
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 17
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This volume brings together ten original, thematically-related papers, written by prominent figures in the philosophy of science in Australasia and elsewhere. The contributed papers are focused on two fundamental issues in contemporary philosophy of science, the status of scientific realism and the relationship between science and commonsense. The contemporary scientific realism debate turns on the viability of the claims that science aims at truth and that we can justifiably believe that science has achieved or approximated this aim. Several papers in the collection constitute original contributions to this debate. Other papers explore what appears to be an increasingly divergent relationship between the scientific and commonsense images of the world. This volume is a valuable resource for all who are interested in and engaged by contemporary philosophy of science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2862-1
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    Personal and Moral Identity (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401599542
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 327 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 11
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Applied psychology ; Cross-cultural psychology. ; Ontology ; Philosophy of mind ; Religion. ; Ethnopsychology.
    Abstract: This volume is the result of an interdisciplinary exchange between philosophers of identity, moral philosophers, philosophers of education, moral psychologists, and post-modern deconstructivists on the subject of personal and moral identity. This interdisciplinary character makes the book special, compared to other publications on the subject. The contributions to the first part of the book reflect on the implications of discussions in philosophy of identity for moral theory and the view of moral identity. In the second part the focus shifts to the philosophical and psychological perspectives on the concepts of self, personal and moral identity and their interrelation. It is argued that both perspectives are needed for giving an account of the emergence of moral identity as part of someone's development into a mature person. The contributions to the third part absorb the criticism of (de)constructivist theories on essentialist conceptions of personal and social identity. This book will be of interest for philosophers and psychologists active in research on identity, self, (moral) development, and related areas
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9954-2
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    Trading Ontology for Ideology : The Interplay of Logic, Set Theory and Semantics in Quine’s Philosophy (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401735759
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 282 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 313
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy. ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: Willard Van Orman Quine (1908-2000) was probably the most influential American philosopher of the twentieth century. In Trading Ontology for Ideology Lieven Decock offers an insightful analysis of the development of Quine's ontological views from his first texts in the early thirties onwards. The importance of Quine's work in logic and set theory for his ontology is highlighted. Decock argues that the tenet of extensionalism is at least as important as naturalism, and assesses the relation between the two. The other focus of the work is the relation between ontology, i.e. what there is, and ideology, i.e. what can be expressed by means of words. Decock shows that the interplay between ontology and ideology is far more complicated and interesting than has generally been assumed
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3575-9
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  • 58
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    Emotion, Truth and Meaning : In Defense of Ayer and Stevenson (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401598668
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XX, 243 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 12
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Pragmatism ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: The Emotive Theory was theory ahead of its time, and a theory which was, perhaps understandably, misinterpreted, misrepresented, and ridiculed by its critics from the outset. In Emotion, Truth and Meaning, Dr Wilks not only acquaints the reader with what the original emotivists actually claimed (and clarifies what they actually meant when they made some of the more controversial claims), he enriches their claims by psychologically expanding them. Like its predecessor, Dr Wilks's enriched emotive theory distinguishes between moral conflicts which are rationally resolvable and moral conflicts which are not, but, unlike its predecessor, it traces the irresolvability of the latter to the psychological fact that they are merely symptomatic of more fundamental conflict at the level of world view - the level where questions about the meaning of life are answered, and where the truth of the answers arrived at is emotionally-felt rather than empirically-sensed
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9866-8
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  • 59
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    The Practice of Language (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401734394
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 273 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: How is linguistic theory related to linguistic practice? What do theoretical notions and models tell us about real-life language use? Are there any limits to what such notions and models can reasonably be taken to accomplish? These questions are fundamental to any serious investigation into the phenomena of human communication. The essays in this book show that philosophers and linguists of quite different brands have tended to give undue priority to their own favourite theoretical framework, and have presupposed that the descriptive scheme invoked by that framework constitutes a pattern to which any linguistic practice somehow has to conform. What unites the contributors to this volume is a critical attitude towards such essentialist aspirations. By investigating several concrete examples of this tendency - examples collected from such seemingly disparate areas as structuralism, contemporary analytic philosophy and feminist epistemology - the authors collectively manage to cast doubt on the very attempt to fit the whole of linguistic practice into a general theoretical mould
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Part I: Historical Perspectives. On the Linguistic Turn in Philosophy. Humboldt: Grammatical Form and `Weltansicht'. Language as Sign and Use: A Study of Certain Aspects of Saussure's View of Language -- Part II: Prejudiced Preconceptions: Notions of Language Within Linguistics and Feminist Epistemology. Expression and Content in Linguistic Theory. The History of Swedish Grammar and Professor Chomsky. How Ordinary is Ordinary Experience? Language in Feminist Epistemology and Philosophy of Science -- Part III: The Practice of Meaning and Truth. Putnam on Truth. Meaning, Saying, Truth -- Part IV: Themes from Wittgenstein. Wittgenstein, Meursault and the Difficulty of Philosophy. Wittgenstein, Logical Form and Grammatical Remarks. On Rule-Following. Are We all Trapped in Nonsense? On the Need for a Listener and Community Standards -- References -- Notes on the Contributors -- Index.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3439-4
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  • 60
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    Individuals, Essence and Identity : Themes of Analytic Metaphysics (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401718660
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (516 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Topoi Library 4
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The book's aim is to give a working representation of what metaphysics is today. The historical contributions reveal the roots of metaphysical themes and how today's methods are linked to their Aristotelian and Leibnizian past. The volume also touches on the relationships between ontological and linguistic analysis, the questions of realism and ontological commitment, the nature of abstract objects, the existential meaning of particular quantification, the primitiveness of identity, the question of epistemic versus ontological vagueness, the necessity of origin, the nature of natural necessity, the possibility of intermittent existence, the notion of a temporal part and its place in an account of persistence, the question of identity and change across time and possible worlds, and many more. Readership: A toolbox for any researcher in metaphysics and an essential source for any PhD student with ontological interests
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Part One: Ontology and Analysis. The Question of Realism. Words and Objects -- Part Two: Essence and Existence. Being and Essence in Contemporary Interpretations of Aristotle. Some Comments on Prof. Enrico Berti's Paper "Being and Essence in Contemporary Interpretations of Aristotle". Existence, Identity, and Aristotelian Tradition. Orenstein on Existence and Identity. Abstract Objects: A Case Study. Kinds, Essence, and Natural Necessity. Kinds of Necessity: a Commentary on E.J. Lowe's Paper -- Part Three: Identity. Aristotle's Notion of Identity. Sameness in Aristole's Topics. Identity and Supervenience. Comments on Wiggings's Paper "Identity and Supervenience". Vagueness, Identity, and Leibniz's Law. Williamson on Vagueness, Identity, and Leibniz's Law. Origins and Identities. Forbes on Origins and Identities -- Part Four: Time and Persistence. Leibniz, Composite Substances and the Persistence of Organic Things. On Naturalising Leibniz (a Reply to Anthony Savile). Temporal Parts and Identity Across Time. Van Inwagen on Temporal Parts and Identity Across Time. Change and Change-Ersatz. Starting over -- List of Contributors -- Bibliography -- Index of Names.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1866-0
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    If Tropes (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401700795
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 188 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 308
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy of nature
    Abstract: In the book If Tropes, the author attempts to approach and then deal with some of the most basic problems for a theory of tropes. The investigation proceeds from three basic assumptions: (i) tropes (i.e. particular properties) exist, (ii) only tropes exist (that is, tropes are the only basic or fundamental kind of entities), and (iii) the main-function for tropes is to serve as truth-makers for atomic propositions. Provided that one accepts these assumptions the author finds that the trope-theorist will have to deal with two important matters. Some atomic propositions seem to require universal truth-makers and others seem to require concrete truth-makers. This means that universals and concrete particulars will need to be constructed from the material of tropes. Such constructions are attempted and it is argued that it is possible to deal at least with these basic issues while staying squarely within the boundaries of a purely trope-theoretical framework. The book is written in an untechnical language but requires some prior understanding of basic metaphysics
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0079-5
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    Analytic Philosophy of Religion (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401707190
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 433 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Power, William L. James F. Harris, Analytic Philosophy of Religion 2004
    Series Statement: Handbook of Contemporary Philosophy of Religion 3
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: This book should prove to be an invaluable resource and reference for both scholars and students interested in any problem in the area of analytic philosophy of religion. Analytic Philosophy of Religion is a thorough examination of the major issues that have occupied twentieth-century Anglo-American, analytic philosophy of religion and the positions that have been developed by the major figures in the field. The author also develops his own critical reactions to these positions and, in many cases, his own positions as well. Attention is focused on what have proven to be the enduring, major problems of analytic philosophy of religion: the development and nature of analytic philosophy, the problem of religious language, the nature of God, arguments for the existence of God, religious experience, religious epistemology, religion and science, the problem of evil, naturalism and humanism, religion and ethics, and religious pluralism. For contents and a free preview for all three volumes: www.new-in-philosophy.com
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0719-0
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    The Ontology of Time : Being and Time in the Philosophies of Aristotle, Husserl and Heidegger (2002)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401734073
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H.L. van Breda and Published under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 163
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Medieval philosophy. ; Philosophy, medieval ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy, Ancient.
    Abstract: To understand the role of time within the scope of 20th century ontology, after the fundamental works of E. Husserl, M. Heidegger, P. Ricoeur, and E. Levinas, means to develop simultaneously the ontology of time. My aim is to demonstrate that in a definite sense the postmodern onto-logy is chrono-logy. The argument proceeds (and this constitutes its essential novelty) within the `multidimensional space' involving not only the synchronic stratum of current conceptuality in its internal logical relationships, but also the diachronic axis of conceptual genesis. I apply different strategies of analysis in order to emphasize that the concept of the human Self, the concept of being, and the concept of time are inseparably linked with one another. To this triad I add one more link of a theological nature, viz. the relationship between God and the human mind as it has been developed in Orthodox apophatic theology and during the Scholastic controversies concerning the problem of visio Dei
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3407-3
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    The Dawn of Cognitive Science : Early European Contributors (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401596565
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 369 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 295
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Humanities ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy of mind ; History ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Current debate in cognitive science, from robotics to analysis of vision, deals with problems like the perception of form, the structure and formation of mental images and their modelling, the ecological development of artificial intelligence, and cognitive analysis of natural language. It focuses in particular on the presence of a hierarchy of intellectual constructions in different formats of representation. These diverse approaches, which share a common assumption of the inner nature of representation, call for a new epistemology - even a new psychophysics - based on a theory of reference which is intrinsically cognitive. As a contribution to contemporary research, the reading presents the core of theories developed in Central Europe between the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries by philosophers, physicists, psychologists and semanticists who shared a dynamic approach and a pronounced concern with problems of interaction and dependence. These theories offer innovative solutions to some of the epistemological and philosophical problems currently at the centre of debate, like part-whole, theory of relations, and conceptual and linguistic categorization
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9656-5
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    Reference, Truth and Conceptual Schemes : A Defense of Internal Realism (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401728683
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 163 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 296
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy of mind ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: This systematic development of the internal realist approach, first developed by Hilary Putnam, tries to steer a middle course between metaphysical realism and relativism. It argues against metaphysical realism that it is open to global skepticism and cannot cope with conceptual pluralism. Against realism it is claimed that there are mind-independent constraints on the validity of our claims to knowledge. The book provides a moderately verificationist account of semantics and a novel explanation of the idea of conceptual schemes. It is also argued that the approach developed can accommodate our commonsense realist intuitions and is also compatible with physicalism and naturalism. Readership: Philosophers at graduate student and advanced level. Advanced undergraduate courses could be based on certain parts of the book
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2868-3
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    The Diachronic Mind : An Essay on Personal Identity, Psychological Continuity and the Mind-Body Problem (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401732765
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 238 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 86
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy of mind ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Self.
    Abstract: The Diachronic Mind makes an original contribution to current philosophical debates on the nature of personal identity and the reducibility of the mind. It traces traditional problems facing psychological continuity theories of personal identity to the ease with which theorists of personal identity adopt and apply a sometimes naive physicalism about the mind. This novel diagnosis opens that way to new solutions to traditional problems in the debate on the psychological criterion of personal identity. Through these solutions, an unorthodox version of nonreductive physicalism about the mind-brain relation is developed that avoids the recurrent epiphenomenalism objection to such positions. The book is written in a crisp style that presupposes no more than an elementary knowledge of philosophy. It is intended for students and professional philosophers alike
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3276-5
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    Knowledge, Cause, and Abstract Objects : Causal Objections to Platonism (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401597470
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 240 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 67
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of law ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Political science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Law—Philosophy.
    Abstract: According to platonists, entities such as numbers, sets, propositions and properties are abstract objects. But abstract objects lack causal powers and a location in space and time, so how could we ever come to know of the existence of such impotent and remote objects? In Knowledge, Cause, and Abstract Objects, Colin Cheyne presents the first systematic and detailed account of this epistemological objection to the platonist doctrine that abstract objects exist and can be known. Since mathematics has such a central role in the acquisition of scientific knowledge, he concentrates on mathematical platonism. He also concentrates on our knowledge of what exists, and argues for a causal constraint on such existential knowledge. Finally, he exposes the weaknesses of recent attempts by platonists to account for our supposed platonic knowledge. This book will be of particular interest to researchers and advanced students of epistemology and of the philosophy of mathematics and science. It will also be of interest to all philosophers with a general interest in metaphysics and ontology
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9747-0
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    Algebra of Conscience : Revised Edition with a Second Part with a new Foreword by Anatol Rapoport (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401706919
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 358 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, Series A: Philosophy and Methodology of the Social Sciences 30
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 30
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Consciousness ; Applied psychology ; Cross-cultural psychology. ; Decision making. ; Ontology ; Artificial intelligence ; Operations research ; Cognitive psychology. ; Ethnopsychology.
    Abstract: Conscience is an essential human attribute. Nevertheless, in the construction of formal models of the subject it is customarily left outside the framework of theoretical analysis. The Algebra of Conscience, whose first edition appeared in 1982, was the first specialized work modeling the phenomenon of conscience. The method used in this book made it possible to connect moral experience with decision-making procedures on the level of mathematical models. The application of such models allows us to propose the hypothesis of two fundamentally different ethical systems determining the normative patterns of human behavior in situations of conflict. Under the first ethical system the subject's self-esteem is raised if the subject seeks to resolve the conflict; in the second it is raised by seeking to dramatize the conflict. The new edition of The Algebra of Conscience is significantly expanded. The second part of the book, devoted to moral choice, is completely new. Based on the theory presented in the first part, it constructs the model of a subject capable of making an intentional choice. A special variable corresponds to the subject's intention. This development allows us to include within the model freedom of will and freedom of choice, and also to generalize classical 2×2 game theory to the case where outcomes, in addition to having utility measures, are either `positive' or `negative.' In its concluding chapters the book constructs a dynamic model of the intentional subject faced with a choice between two alternatives, neither of which is morally acceptable for the subject. It is shown that in this case the probabilities of choice of the alternatives may change chaotically. From this it follows that one cannot predict which alternative will be chosen or even the probabilities with which they will be chosen. Audience: The book is addressed to a broad readership having elementary knowledge of mathematical logic and the theory of probability. It can be used in college courses studying the modelling of moral choice. The book's material can also be used in the design of artificial intelligence systems
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0691-9
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    The Importance of Time : Proceedings of the Philosophy of Time Society, 1995-2000 (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401733625
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 295 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 87
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The Importance of Time is a unique work that reveals the central role of the philosophy of time in major areas of philosophy. The first part of the book consists of symposia on two of the most important works in the philosophy of time over the past decade: Michael Tooley's Time, Tense, and Causation and D.H. Mellor's Real Time II. What characterizes these essays, and those that follow, are the interchanges between original papers, with original responses to them by commentators. The wide range of interrelated topics covered in this book is one of its most distinctive features. The book is divided into six parts: I. Book Symposia, II. Temporal Becoming, III. The Phenomenology of Time, IV. God, Time and Foreknowledge, V. Time and Physical Objects, and VI. Time and Causation, and contains 24 essays by leading philosophers in the various areas: Laurie Paul, Quentin Smith, L. Nathan Oaklander, Hugh Mellor, John Perry, William Lane Craig, Brian Leftow, Ned Markosian, Ronald C. Hoy, Michael Tooley, Storrs McCall, David Hunt, Mark Hinchliff, Robin Le Poidevin, Iain Martel and Eric M. Rubenstein
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3362-5
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    Intentionalitätstheorie beim frühen Brentano (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401596688
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 296 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica 159
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 159
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of mind ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: The book is an analytic exposition of Brentano's early theory of intentionality. In spite of the immense influence of this theory it is the first separate monograph on this topic. The book is based in great part on the unpublished manuscripts where one can find substantially better articulated formulations then those expressed in the already published `standard' works. Our analysis concentrates mainly on the ontological and epistemological problems of Brentano's immanent object. We highlight an interesting ambiguity of this concept and try to outline the inner logic of its evolution. It turns out that Brentano's early philosophy of intentionality should be conceived not as a single, well defined theory but rather as a bundle of kindred but not always fully consistent and sometimes even competing ideas. Primary audience for the work are philosophers interested in Brentano's philosophy, theory of intentionality and its epistemology and ontology, phenomenologists and cognitive scientists. Das Buch bietet eine analytische Darstellung von Brentanos früher Theorie der Intentionalität. Trotz der großen historischen Bedeutung dieser Theorie bildet es die erste Monographie zu diesem Thema. Das Buch basiert zum größten Teil auf den unveröffentlichten Manuskripten, in denen man die Formulierungen findet, die viel besser artikuliert sind als jene, die in den publizierten Standard-Werken Brentanos zu finden sind. Unsere Analyse konzentriert sich in erster Linie auf die ontologischen und epistemischen Probleme des Brentanoschen immanenten Objekts. Wir besprechen eine interessante Mehrdeutigkeit dieses Begriffs und skizzieren die innere Logik seiner Entwicklung. Es stellt sich heraus, daß die frühe Philosophie der Intentionalität Brentanos nicht als eine einheitliche, eindeutig bestimmte Theorie, sondern eher als ein Bündel von verwandten, jedoch nicht immer völlig koherenten und manchmal sogar konkurrierenden Ideen interpretiert werden soll. Das Buch wendet sich in erster Linie an die Philosophen, die sich für die Philosophie Brentanos, für die österreichische Philosophie, für die Theorie der Intentionalität und ihre Epistemologie und Ontologie interessieren. Es wird ferner auch für die Phänomenologen und die Forscher im Bereich der cognitive science interessant sein
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9668-8
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    The Logic of Metaphor : Analogous Parts of Possible Worlds (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401596541
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 256 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 299
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Logic ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: The Logic of Metaphor uses techniques from possible worlds semantics to provide formal truth-conditions for many grammatical classes of metaphors. It gives logically precise and practically useful syntactic and semantic rules for generating and interpreting metaphors. These rules are implemented in a working computer program. The book treats the lexicon as a conceptual network with semantics provided by an intensional predicate calculus. It gives rules for finding analogies in such networks. It shows how to analyse texts containing metaphors both syntactically and semantically and how to use structural similarities between parts of possible worlds to provide truth-conditions for metaphors. Meanings for metaphors are linked to the modal logics of identity and indiscernibility. The book shows how to extend deductive and adductive inference systems so as to handle metaphors and how to handle novel metaphorical word-senses. Indispensable reading for philosophers, logicians, linguists and computer scientists
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9654-1
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  • 72
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    Heidegger and the Quest for the Sacred : From Thought to the Sanctuary of Faith (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401597739
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 207 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 44
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Religion—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Although there are various `religious' traces in Heidegger's philosophy, little effort has been made to show the systematic import which his thinking has for outlining a full range of religious and theological questions. Precisely because his thought is opposed to the construction of any `dogma', his vast writings provide clues to what meaning(s) the `Sacred' and the `Divine' may have in a postmodern age where the very possibility of `faith' hangs in the balance. By showing how Heidegger's own thinking can be interpreted as a struggle to come to terms with religious questions, this book undertakes a postmodern investigation of the Sacred which both draws upon and transcends various world-religions and denominations. A postmodern, non-sectarian vision of the Sacred thereby becomes possible which is open to the plurality of religious experiences on the one hand, and yet affirms on the other Heidegger's emphasis (in Beiträge zur Philosophie) on the `last god' as the displacing of all sectarian visions of god. This book will have special appeal to Heidegger scholars, as well as students interested in the overlap between phenomenology and philosophical theology
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9773-9
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  • 73
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    John Stuart Mill and the Ethic of Human Growth (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401720106
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 294 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 85
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy. ; Political philosophy. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; History ; Political science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: In this well-researched, comprehensive study of J.S. Mill, Professor Habibi argues that the persistent, dominant theme of Mill's life and work was his passionate belief in human improvement and progress. Several Mill scholars recognize this; however, numerous writers overlook his 'growth ethic', and this has led to misunderstandings about his value system. This study defines and establishes the importance of Mill's growth ethic and clears up misinterpretations surrounding his notions of higher and lower pleasures, positive and negative freedom, the status of children, the legitimacy of authority, and support for British colonialism. Drawing from the entire corpus of Mill's writings, as well as the extensive secondary literature, Habibi has written the most focused, sustained analysis of Mill's grand, leading principle. This book will be useful to college students in philosophy and intellectual history as well as specialists in these fields
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2010-6
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  • 74
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    Aquinas’s Philosophical Commentary on the Ethics : A Historical Perspective (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401597715
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 315 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 50
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Medieval philosophy. ; Philosophy, medieval ; Ontology ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: Is Aquinas's Sententia libri Ethicorum an interpretation of Aristotle based on `principles of Christian ethics'? Or do we have in that work a presentation of the foundation of Aquinas's moral philosophy? Professor Doig answers these questions through an examination of the historical context within which the Sententia was composed. In Chapters 1-2, the work's role as a corrective of earlier commentaries is established. Chapter 3, by examining philosophy at Paris between 1215 and 1283, reveals that the proposal by Aquinas of a moral philosophy would have been unexceptional. Chapter 4's investigation of the principles underlying the moral theory of the Sententia makes apparent that they were regarded by Aquinas as both philosophical and Aristotelian. The date to be assigned the composition of the Sententia is studied in Chapter 5, and the conclusion is drawn, that with some probability, the Sententia is its author's final proposal of moral doctrines. The closing Chapter offers a summary of that moral philosophy against the historical background brought out earlier
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9771-5
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  • 75
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    Incommensurability and Related Matters (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401596800
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXIV, 337 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 216
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 216
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Observations, Astronomical. ; Metaphysics ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Astronomy—Observations. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Incommensurability and Related Matters draws together some of the most distinguished contributors to the critical literature on the problem of the incommensurability of scientific theories. It addresses all the various problems raised by the problem of incommensurability, such as meaning change, reference of theoretical terms, scientific realism and anti-realism, rationality of theory choice, cognitive aspects of conceptual change, as well as exploring the broader implications of incommensurability for cultural difference. While it offers new work, and new directions of discussion, on the topic of incommensurability, the book also recapitulates the history of the discussion of the topic that has taken place within the literature on incommensurability
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9680-0
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  • 76
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    Medieval Formal Logic : Obligations, Insolubles and Consequences (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401597135
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 237 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 49
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Medieval philosophy. ; Philosophy, medieval ; Logic ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Central topics in medieval logic are here treated in a way that is congenial to the modern reader, without compromising historical reliability. The achievements of medieval logic are made available to a wider philosophical public then the medievalists themselves. The three genres of logica moderna arising in a later Middle Ages are covered: obligations, insolubles and consequences - the first time these have been treated in such a unified way. The articles on obligations look at the role of logical consistence in medieval disputation techniques. Those on insolubles concentrate on medieval solutions to the Liar Paradox. There is also a systematic account of how medieval authors described the logical content of an inference, and how they thought that the validity of an inference could be guaranteed
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9713-5
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  • 77
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    Responsibility and Punishment (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401598514
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 169 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 9
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Criminology ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: Responsibility and Punishment, Third Edition presents a clear-headed defense of retributivism against several long-standing criticisms. In the end, a viable version of retributivism emerges as one which withstands more criticism than competing theories of responsibility and punishment. Extending the problem of wrong doing to collectives and compensation, Corlett explores the matter of reparations for past wrongs in the case of the crimes committed against Native Americans by the United States Government. No other philosophical work on responsibility and punishment exhibits this breadth of scope, as it delves deeply into particular concerns with retributivism, responsibility, and certain areas of compensation. Academicians and professionals in ethics, moral, social, political, and legal philosophy are likely to benefit from this analytical treatment of responsibility and punishment. "In the Third Edition of Responsibility and Punishment, Angelo Corlett has made an outstanding book even better! Corlett's book is distinctive in the way it blends abstract theory with concrete application in a sophisticated way. There is work just on theory, and primarily applied work; but Corlett manages to meld the two in a unique and highly successful way. Highly recommended!" John Martin Fischer, author of "The Metaphysics of Free Will" and "Responsibility and Control". "This provocative and highly insightful piece of work constitutes a novel, significant, and welcome contribution to the literature on the moral justification of punishment. Corlett's development of an original version of retributivism, with special emphasis on principles of proportional punishment, is particularly engaging." Ishtiyaque Haji, author of "Deontic Morality" and "Moral Appraisability". J. Angelo Corlett is Professor of Philosophy & Ethics at San Diego State University, and author of over 75 articles in various leading philosophy and other academic journals, including the books: Analyzing Social Knowledge (Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, 1996); Terrorism: A Philosophical Analysis (Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003), Philosophical Studies Series, Volume 101; Race, Racism, and Reparations (Cornell University Press, 2003). He also serves as the Editor-in -Chief of The Journal of Ethics: An International Philosophical Review (Springer), and is the editor of and contributor to Equality and Liberty: Analyzing Rawls and Nozick (Macmillan, 1990)
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9851-4
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    The Existential Phenomenology of Simone de Beauvoir (2001)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401597531
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 267 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 43
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Ontology ; Phenomenology
    Abstract: While earlier research considered Simone de Beauvoir in the perspectives of Existentialism or Feminism, this work is the first to emphasize her reflective and descriptive approach and the full range of issues she addresses. There are valuable chapters and sections that are historical and/or comparative, but most of the contents of this work critically examine Beauvoir's views on old age (whereon she is the first phenomenologist to work), biology, gender, ethics, ethnicity (where she is among the first), and politics (again among the first). Besides their systematic as well as historical significance, these chapters show her philosophy as on a par with those of Merleau-Ponty and Jean-Paul Sartre in quality, richness and distinctiveness of problematics, and the penetration of her insight into collective as well as individual human life within the socio-historical world
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9753-1
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    Preventive Medicine between Obligation and Aspiration (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401593656
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 191 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Library of Ethics, Law, and the New Medicine 4
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    Keywords: Medicine ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Public health
    Abstract: Preventive Medicine between Obligation and Aspiration is a study of ethical questions regarding mass screening, vaccination, and health policy programmes. These interventions aim to enhance public health but may also constrain personal autonomy and cause harm, and influence our moral views. So far, these issues have hardly been subject to systematic ethical analysis. This study aims to fill this gap by providing an overview of moral problems in preventive medicine and by explicating norms for good practice. Throughout the book it is argued that some moral concerns about prevention - namely concerns about medicalization - cannot be adequately grasped in terms of strict and binding moral norms. Various moral concepts and types of norms `beyond obligation' are explored and developed in order to give practical meaning to these rather vague concerns. In this way the book contributes to applied ethics as well as to ethical theory. It is of interest to professionals in public health and preventive medicine and to scholars in applied ethics and moral philosophy
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9365-6
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  • 80
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    Rationality, Rules, and Structure (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401596169
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 216 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, Series A: Philosophy and Methodology of the Social Sciences 28
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 28
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Abstract: It is an obvious fact that human agency is constrained and structured by many kinds of rules: rules that are constitutive for communication, morality, persons, and society, and juridical rules. So the question is: what roles are played by social rules and the structural traits of human agency in rational decision making? What bearing does this have on the theory of practical rationality? These issues can only be discussed within an interdisciplinary setting, with researchers drawn from philosophy, decision theory and the economic and social sciences. The problem is of profound, fundamental concern to the social scientist and has attracted a great deal of intellectual effort. Contributors include distinguished researchers in their respective fields and the book thus presents state-of-the-art theory. It can also be used as a textbook in advanced philosophy, economics and social science classes
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9616-9
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  • 81
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    Imperceptible Harms and Benefits (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401141444
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 158 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 8
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Decision making. ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Microeconomics ; Operations research ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: The papers collected here represent the most recent work on a much-neglected problem in practical reasoning - the problem of imperceptible harms and benefits. This problem is better characterized as a series of both practical and technical paradoxes, since those who deny the existence of imperceptible decrements (or increments) face problems no less perplexing than those who affirm their existence. The puzzles and paradoxes combine very practical and pressing worries about our obligations to relieve starvation, mitigate suffering and conserve resources, with deep metaethical worries about the nature of practical rationality and dynamic choice. This collection gathers together the work of moral philosophers, decision theorists, and economic theorists in an attempt to display the dimensions of the problem and to advance alternative solutions
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-4144-4
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    The Tenseless Theory of Time : A Critical Examination (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401734738
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 262 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 294
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The central question in the philosophy of time is whether time is tensed or tenseless, viz., whether the moments of time are objectively past, present or future, or whether they are ordered merely by the tenseless temporal relations earlier than, simultaneous with, and later than. In this book and the companion volume The Tensed Theory of Time: A Critical Examination, Craig undertakes the first thorough appraisal of the arguments for and against the tensed and tenseless theories of time. The discussions range widely over issues in the philosophy of language, phenomenology, relativity theory, philosophy of space and time, metaphysics, and philosophy of religion. The Tenseless Theory of Time sets out to discover whether the ineliminability of tense from language and our experience of tense warrants a belief in its objective ontological status, or whether the defeaters raised by McTaggart's paradox and the Myth of Passage serve to undermine any warrant that the tensed theory of time may be supposed to enjoy
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3473-8
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    Phenomenology on Kant, German Idealism, Hermeneutics and Logic : Philosphical Essays in Honor of Thomas M. Seebohm (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401594462
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 355 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 39
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Logic ; Phenomenology ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: This volume comprises systematic as well as historical essays, including contributions intended to give comprehensive overviews of such areas as genetic phenomenology, transcendental phenomenology, philosophy and history of logic and mathematics, Kant, hermeneutics, Hegel, and philosophy of language. The book is addressed to phenomenologists, particularly those who are interested in some or all of the areas mentioned. In his introduction Joseph J. Kockelmans indicates that these diverse areas enter into dialogue in the work of Thomas M. Seebohm, whom the editors and authors wish to honor, and the systematic papers mirror the state of the art of research in the above-mentioned disciplines
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9446-2
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  • 84
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    Schopenhauer’s Broken World-View : Colours and Ethics between Kant and Goethe (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401593694
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 291 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Science and Philosophy 10
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy and science. ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Schopenhauer's philosophy, at first sight so beautifully rounded, upon analysis reveals itself as the secret arena of two conflicting world-views. The present analysis considers the conflict by confronting Schopenhauer as a `disciple-of-sorts of Kant' with Schopenhauer as `Goethe's one-time collaborator on the theory of colour'. Here the two meet over profound issues which the Scientific Revolution of the 17th century has ineluctably put before us: what is the right level at which to apprehend nature; what is the proper foundation for a consistent ethics; how (if at all) to arrive at a unified conception of a world broken by modern science? In this deeply-delving, lucidly written, humane and erudite study, the history of philosophical currents is blended with history of science, with history of ideas generally, and (to elucidate relevant portions of Schopenhauer's biography and intellectual and social environment) with German history too. The analysis, while benefiting from the scholarly literature, is grounded primarily in original research among the collected works of Schopenhauer, Kant and Goethe, considered in all their philosophical, scientific, and literary variety
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9369-4
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    The Notion of an Ideal Audience in Legal Argument (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401595209
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 227 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 45
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Political science. ; Public international law. ; Logic ; Ontology ; Philosophy. ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; Law—Philosophy. ; International law. ; Comparative law.
    Abstract: This book examines in some detail how our concepts of an ideal or `universal' audience influence legal argument. It shows how asking what are the arguments and the forms of argumentation that we believe would be accepted by such an audience, is a useful analytical tool. The book explores what, if any, are the constraints that our vision of an ideal audience imposes on public discourse and particularly on legal discourse. Some visions of a universal audience are widely shared; others are only shared within particular political and legal cultures. Stylistic preferences can have as important an influence on legal decision making as do substantive preferences. In some cultures and legal systems there is a preference to resort to broad general principles; in others there is a preference for a more circumscribed and particular mode of legal argument. Different legal cultures have different idealized notions as to the role of the judge. Different conceptions of the role of the judge will influence many aspects of legal decision making, including how statutes and other authoritative official instruments should be interpreted. All these issues will also be influenced by how a particular legal culture envisions the common or public good and by how tolerant a particular legal culture is of diverse outcomes, that is by how much discretion superior legal decision makers are prepared to grant inferior decision makers. This volume will be of interest to academics and professionals in the fields of legal philosophy, argumentation and comparative law
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9520-9
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  • 86
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    Moral Responsibility and Ontology (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401723619
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 277 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 7
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: What are the conditions which must be met for a person to be justly held responsible for his or her moral faults and failures? This is the first book that pays systematic attention to ontological issues impinging on this question. It contains a selection of the papers discussed at the International Confererence on Moral Responsibility and Ontology held at Utrecht University, The Netherlands. In Part I the stage is set by the keynote speakers of the conference, Peter van Inwagen and R. Jay Wallace. Subsequent parts are devoted to responsibility and personal identity, incompatibilist arguments, compatibilist positions, and some related subjects. The book will be enjoyed by scholars in the field and students alike
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2361-9
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  • 87
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    Linguistic Creativity : Exercises in ‘Philosophical Therapy’ (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401142434
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 193 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 81
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Epistemology. ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Speakers can get to know the meaning of any of indefinitely many sentences that they have never heard before. This statement encapsulates the problem of linguistic creativity, which lies at the core of philosophy of language and theoretical linguistics. It has also sparked off a considerable amount of work on the philosophy of mind. After establishing the failure of the familiar compositional approach to the problem, the book adopts a radically new start. It develops core elements of the later Wittgenstein's conception of philosophy, putting them to work to`dissolve' the problem, proving it ill-framed by clarifying the questions posing it and breaking the spell of mistaken analogies that inform it. This sharply focused monograph thus has a dual aim: coping with a crucial problem that turns out to be a lot tougher than is generally supposed, and presenting a precise and rigorous demonstration of an unfamiliar and exciting philosophical approach. Audience: Clearly written and lucidly structured, the book addresses professional philosophers and advanced undergraduates alike
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-4243-4
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  • 88
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    Conceptual Flux : Mental Representation, Misrepresentation, and Concept Change (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401594622
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIII, 437 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Cognitive Systems 24
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Pragmatism ; Artificial intelligence ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: How can one think about a thing, think something false about it, and still be thinking about that thing at all? If a concept is applied to something outside its meaning, how are we to say it does not mean that thing as well? The problem of misrepresentation is one of the central issues in contemporary philosophy of mind. Here, Mark Perlman criticizes the way all contemporary theories of mental representation seek to account for misrepresentation, concluding that it cannot be explained naturistically. Specifically, Perlman evaluates and criticizes the theories of mental content proposed by Fodor, Dretske, Millikan, Block, Harman and others, as well as examining verificationist approaches to meaning of Quine, Davidson and Stich. The book goes much further than criticism, however: Perlman formulates a naturalistic theory of representation that reluctantly accepts the unfortunate conclusion that there is no misrepresentation. He adds a pragmatic theory of content, which explains apparent misrepresentation as concept change. Mental representations can be good or bad in specific contexts and for specific purposes, but their correctness is not a matter of truth and falsity. The pragmatic approach to mental content has implications for epistemology, theories of truth, metaphysics, psychology, and AI (specifically connectionist networks). Readership: One of the most thorough examinations of mental representation and meaning holism available, this book should be read by everyone interested in the mind and how ideas can have meaning. It crosses boundaries from philosophy into psychology, linguistics, AI and cognitive science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9462-2
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  • 89
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    The Tensed Theory of Time : A Critical Examination (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401593458
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 294 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 293
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The central question in the philosophy of time is whether time is tensed or tenseless, viz., whether the moments of time are objectively past, present or future, or whether they are ordered merely by the tenseless temporal relations earlier than, simultaneous with, and later than. In this book and the companion volume The Tenseless Theory of Time: A Critical Examination, Craig undertakes the first thorough appraisal of the arguments for and against the tensed and tenseless theories of time. The discussions range widely over issues in the philosophy of language, phenomenology, relativity theory, philosophy of space and time, metaphysics, and philosophy of religion. The Tensed Theory of Time sets out to discover whether the ineliminability of tense from language and our experience of tense warrants a belief in its objective ontological status, or whether the defeaters raised by McTaggart's paradox and the Myth of Passage serve to undermine any warrant that the tensed theory of time may be supposed to enjoy
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9345-8
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  • 90
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    Reference and Anaphoric Relations (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401139472
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (364p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 72
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Semantics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Artificial intelligence ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: The notions of reference and anaphoric relations have been discussed since antiquity and they are still one of the most challenging subjects in linguistics, logics and philosophy of language. The quest for a satisfying account of anaphoric reference has initiated a wide range of new and interesting approaches in formal semantics; and recent research confirms the old insight that reference and anaphoricity are closely interrelated issues. This volume brings together fifteen original research articles on the representation and interpretation of indefinite and definite noun phrases, anaphoric pronouns, and closely related issues such as scope and quantifier movement. The analyses are worked out within discourse representation theory, file change semantics, and dynamic logic, a family of recent frameworks developed for the formal analysis of discourse semantics. Particular attention is paid to E-type theories of pronouns and to the use of choice functions in the semantics of noun phrases. The papers collected in this volume shed light on the question of how linguistic expressions establish reference and anaphoric relations. The use of choice function approaches within dynamic semantics opens new research perspectives on these questions. Audience: This book will be of interest to scholars and students of linguistics, logicians, philosophers of language, computational linguists, and computer scientists with an interest in the semantics of natural language
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3947-2
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  • 91
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    Events and Plurality : The Jerusalem Lectures (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401143592
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (396p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 76
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Logic ; Computational linguistics ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: The main claim of this book is that the very same distinction between semantic singularity and plurality that is fundamental to the semantics of nouns in the nominal domain is operative and fundamental in the verbal domain as well, applying to verbs and verbal arguments roles. It is argued that collective interpretations of verbal arguments involve semantically singular argument roles, and that a large variety of other interpretations discussed in the literature - most importantly distributive and cumulative interpretations - can be reduced to semantic plurality. The book consists of three parts. The first part discusses Davidsonian and neo-Davidsonian event analyses of verbs and verbal roles. The second part discusses theories of semantic plurality, focussing on the analysis of collective, distributive, and cumulative readings. The third part develops a neo-Davidsonian theory of events and plurality, a theory of event-maximalization, and a theory of scopal relations, basing both the nominal and the verbal domain strictly on the semantic singularity/plurality distinction. This part provides a detailed analysis of nominal plurality, verbal plurality, and their interaction, and it is shown how these plurality interactions produce the effects of collective, distributive, cumulative, and related interpretations. The book will be of interest to theoretical linguists, in particular scholars and advanced students in semantics, or in neighboring fields of syntax, pragmatics, and computational linguistics. It will also be of interest to researchers in philosophy of language, logic, and cognitive science, and to computer scientists with an interest in the semantics of natural language
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-4359-2
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  • 92
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    Ethics at Work (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401093316
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Issues in Business Ethics 16
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Industrial management ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Personnel management. ; Management.
    Abstract: What would tempt you to whistleblow? Do Codes of Conduct make organisations ethical? How do people react to taking the blame for others? This book answers such questions, drawing on the views of employees in eight large organisations. One finding is the `whited sepulchre phenomenon': an organisation which presents a squeaky-clean image to the world but has intrinsic failings which cause moral dilemmas for staff. While treatment of customers is regulated by Codes and Charters, internal organisation is typically more anarchic. The study also exposes the moral conflicts generated by party-political machinations in organisations with democratic governance. The book offers a unique perspective on ethical attitudes at work and reactions to responsibility and accountability. It finds that, although religious belief is declining, strong moral beliefs still thrive and `ethical employees' abound. It highlights the importance of empowerment, procedures, and professionalism in creating the `moral organisation'. This original study will interest practitioners in business, the public sector and NGOs, especially human resources professionals, as well as philosophers and business ethicists
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-9331-6
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  • 93
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    Basic Questions on Truth (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401140348
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 230 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Episteme, A Series in the Foundational, Methodological, Philosophical, Psychological, Sociological, and Political Aspects of the Sciences, Pure and Applied 24
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Logic ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: There are basic questions concerning truth that have been perennial throughout the history of philosophy from the Ancient Greeks onwards: Is `true' a superfluous particle? Is `true' a predicate? What is the relation of truth to the validity of inference rules? Are definitions true or false? What are the bearers of truth - sentences, judgements, or propositions? Can truth be interpreted by correspondence to facts, despite difficulties with the Liar and with a definition of `fact' ? Can we have a consistent and adequate understanding of approximate truth (verisimilitude)? And the metaphysical question: does truth have some relation to being? All these questions are treated in a rigorous argumentation style: (1) Question, (2) objections to a positive answer, (3) answer and thesis, (4) comments and reply to the objections. This transparent, systematic style facilitates our understanding, touches on a variety of aspects of the question, and teaches us to think
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-4034-8
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  • 94
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    Government Institutions: Effects, Changes and Normative Foundations (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401009638
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 257 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Public Policy and Public Administration 5
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Ontology ; Economic policy ; Political science.
    Abstract: Research on government institutions is one of the most exciting intellectual areas in political science and policy studies today. Increasingly it is recognized by scholars in these fields that effective and legitimate policies depend on the design and maintenance of complex institutional arrangements. This book brings together some of the leading scholars in institutional research in The Netherlands. Their work addresses such perennially difficult questions in institutional research such as: How do we understand institutional change? How do we measure the effects of institutions on societal sectors and public policy? How do the normative foundations of government institutions influence their functioning? What are the principles of effective and legitimate institutional design? Through analysis of well-researched examples ranging from the fabled Dutch `poldermodel', through the transformation of the welfare state, through privatizations of the Dutch telecommunications industry, to the work of welfare officials, these authors demonstrate the interpenetration of normative, empirical and design issues in institutional theory. The book is intended for scholars and graduate students in political science, public policy, public administration, and law
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0963-8
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  • 95
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    Believing and Accepting (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401140423
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 302 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 83
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy of mind ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: The notion of belief figures prominently in contemporary philosophy of language and mind and in cognitive science. These essays address a range of issues concerning the complexity of our belief attitudes, their contents, and the influence of motivational factors on beliefs. The book is addressed to philosophers, psychologists, cognitive scientists and social theorists interested in the problem of representation, metarepresentation and the contents of propositional attitudes
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-4042-3
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  • 96
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    Ethics after Anscombe : Post “Modern Moral Philosophy” (2000)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401714785
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 175 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 5
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: The outstanding features of this book are that it directly confronts the challenge posed by G.E.M. Anscombe in Modern Moral Philosophy of how moral philosophy can be done, it makes a significant contribution to the debate on virtue theory and anti-theory in ethics, and it shows the relevance of such theoretical discussion by grounding it in, and applying it to, contemporary moral issues such as abortion, suicide, and the moral status of animals. No other book currently available covers this ground. The book is aimed primarily at upper-level undergraduates, graduate students and faculty in philosophy, but it should be accessible to anyone with an interest in practical ethics or the philosophy of Wittgenstein
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1478-5
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  • 97
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    In Search of a New Humanism : The Philosophy of Georg Henrik von Wright (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401718523
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 250 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 282
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy of law ; Logic ; Ontology ; Philosophy—History. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Law—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This collection of essays presents a systematic and up-to-date survey of the main aspects of Georg Henrik von Wright's philosophy, tracing the general humanistic leitmotiv to be found in his vast, varied output. The analysis covers the developments in Von Wright's thought up to the end of the 1990s. The essays are arranged thematically to focus on the chief areas of Von Wright's interests: practical rationality; human action and determinism; philosophical logic and theories of norms; research in the analytical tradition; and Wittgenstein studies. Readership: Scholars and students of moral philosophy, logic, psychology, sociology, cognitive science and the history of contemporary philosophy
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1852-3
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  • 98
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    An Essay in Universal Semantics (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401592437
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 146 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Topoi Library 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Semantics ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Mathematical logic. ; Semiotics. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This book is a study of the foundations of model-theoretic semantics. Its central thesis is that one does not need to assume a perfect structural fit between languages and their models in order to characterise the basic semantic notions. In particular, truth-value gaps and gluts can be explained away as local phenomena that do not bring logical disaster in their wake. Varzi's detailed and original account is based on a generalisation of supervaluationary techniques and is illustrated with reference to a range of different types of examples, from sentential logic to type theory. Audience: The book is self-contained and will appeal to philosophers, logicians, linguists and computer scientists
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9243-7
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  • 99
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    Cognition, Agency and Rationality : Proceedings of the Fifth International Colloquium on Cognitive Science (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401710701
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 202 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 79
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Artificial intelligence ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: As usual, the Proceedings of the International Colloquium on Cognitive Science include leading-edge work by outstanding researchers in the field. This volume contains three kinds of papers corresponding to three of the main disciplines in cognitive science: philosophy, psychology, and artificial intelligence. The title - Cognition, Agency and Rationality - captures the main issues addressed by the papers. Of course, all are concerned with cognition, but some are especially centred on the very concept of rationality, while others focus on (multiple) agency. The diversity of their disciplinary origins and standpoints not only reflects the main topics and the range of different positions presented at ICCS-97, as well as demonstrating the richness, fruitfulness and diversity of research in cognitive science today
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1070-1
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  • 100
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    Reasons for Action and the Law (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401591416
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 192 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 43
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Ethics ; Logic ; Ontology ; Law—Philosophy. ; Law—History.
    Abstract: A focus on reasons for action and practical reason is the perspective chosen by many contemporary legal philosophers for the analysis of some central questions of their discipline. This book offers a critical evaluation of that approach, by carefully examining the empirical, logical and normative problems hidden behind the concepts of `reason for action' and `practical reasoning'. Unlike most other works in this field, it is a meta-theoretical study which analyses and compares how different theories use the notion of reason in their reconstruction of problems concerning issues such as normativity, the acceptance of norms, or the justification of judicial decisions. This book is directed primarily to scholars specializing in legal theory and concerned with the contribution practical philosophy can make to it, but it also contains important arguments and insights for all those interested in the controversy between legal positivists and their critics, in the theory of human action or in reason-based practical theories in general
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9141-6
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