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  • Online-Ressource  (492)
  • 1990-1994  (492)
  • Dordrecht : Springer  (347)
  • Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands  (145)
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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Leiden [u.a.] : Brill | Dordrecht : Springer | Buffalo, NY : HeinOnline ; 1.1994 -
    ISSN: 1568-5195 , 0928-9380 , 0928-9380
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 1.1994 -
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Islamic law and society
    DDC: 340
    Schlagwort(e): Zeitschrift
    Anmerkung: Gesehen am 05.12.2018
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401583282
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (147 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 304.25
    Schlagwort(e): Climatic changes.. ; Agriculture.. ; Forests and forestry ; Electronic books
    Anmerkung: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9789401101714
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (275 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306
    Schlagwort(e): Quality of life.. ; People with disabilities-Rehabilitation ; Electronic books
    Anmerkung: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401095921
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Kurzfassung: 1. An Overview of the Evolution of the U.S. Pecan Industry -- 2. Pecan Production -- 3. Pecan Physiology and Composition -- 4. Pecan Processing -- 5. Mechanization of Post-Harvest Pecan Processing -- 6. Microbiology and Sanitation -- 7. Pecan Composition -- 8. Methods for Measurement of Pecan Quality -- 9. Structure and Performance of the Pecan Market -- Appendix: Further Reading.
    Kurzfassung: Flavorwise and texturewise pecans are the "Queen of the Edible Nuts. " This has been verified by salters, bakers, confectioners and ice cream manufacturers in America and western Europe. Hickory nuts and macadamia nuts are close behind, but are available only in limited supply. Pecans are among the nuts highest in oil content. In general, the varieties of nuts with the highest oil content are also rich in flavor and tender in texture. Some varieties of pecans (i. e. , Schley and Curtis) have been shown to contain as much as 76% oil. The oil in pecans is highly unsaturated, which means it is desirable from a nutritional standpoint but that it is also highly susceptible to oxidation which can cause pecans to tum stale and rancid. Pecans used in confections, bakery goods, cereals, or in snacks are more subject to staleness and rancidity than most nuts because these products are often stored at ambient temperatures. For this reason, pecans are considered to be semi-perishable and are not used in some "fine" products due to their limited shelf-life. Research at the Georgia Experiment Station has shown that raw pecans or most pecan products may be held in good condition for more than 20 years if freezing is the mode of preservation. However, development of new products demands that pecans be stored at ambient temperatures for extended intervals. Pecan 'meat' is easily bruised during shelling and handling.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1. An Overview of the Evolution of the U.S. Pecan Industry2. Pecan Production -- 3. Pecan Physiology and Composition -- 4. Pecan Processing -- 5. Mechanization of Post-Harvest Pecan Processing -- 6. Microbiology and Sanitation -- 7. Pecan Composition -- 8. Methods for Measurement of Pecan Quality -- 9. Structure and Performance of the Pecan Market -- Appendix: Further Reading.
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401720571
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (V, 194 p) , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Mathematics ; Mathematics—Study and teaching .
    Kurzfassung: The common theme that links the six contributions to this volume is the emphasis on students' inferred mathematical experiences as the starting point in the theory-building process. The focus in five of the chapters is primarily cognitive and addresses the processes by which students construct increasingly sophisticated mathematical ways of knowing. The conceptual constructions addressed include multiplicative notions, fractions, algebra, and the fundamental theorem of calculus. The primary goal in each of these chapters is to account for meaningful mathematical learning -- learning that involves the construction of experientially-real mathematical objects. The theoretical constructs that emerge from the authors' intensive analyses of students' mathematical activity can be used to anticipate problems that might arise in learning--teaching situations, and to plan solutions to them. The issues discussed include the crucial role of language and symbols, and the importance of dynamic imagery. The remaining chapter complements the other contributors' cognitive focus by bringing to the fore the social dimension of mathematical development. He focuses on the negotiation of mathematical meaning, thereby locating students in ongoing classroom interactions and the classroom microculture. Mathematical learning can then be seen to be both an individual and a collective process
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Cognitive Play and Mathematical Learning in Computer MicroworldsExponential Functions, Rates of Change, and the Multiplicative Unit -- Growth in Mathematical Understanding: How Can We Characterise It and How Can We Represent It? -- The Gains and the Pitfalls of Reification - The Case of Algebra -- Images of Rate and Operational Understanding of the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus† -- Negotiation of Mathematical Meaning and Learning Mathematics.
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands | Dordrecht : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9789401106894
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 v)
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Schlagwort(e): Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Kurzfassung: 1. Introduction -- 2. Chemical Lists and List Descriptions -- 3. Cross-Reference Indexes of Chemical Names and Synonyms -- B. Regulatory Summaries -- Appendix: Key to RCRA “F”- and “K”- Series Wastes.
    Kurzfassung: The Regulated Chemicals Directory"lM is meant to be a convenient source of information for everyone who needs to keep up-to-date regarding the regulations and recommendations that pertain to chemical substances. The RCD™ is designed to be the first reference book to consult when beginning compliance efforts. Every regulatory or advisory list used in the RCD™ is keyed to its source, to help readers who need more detailed information on regulations, recommendations, or guidelines readily locate source documents. Some organizations now center their compliance efforts on computerized information stored in cross-referenced databases. A unique feature of the RCDTM is the availability of an electronic version suitable for use on IBM-compatible personal computers, download onto mainframes and CD-ROM players. Both the print and electronic versions are updated with the same timeliness. For more information on the electronic versions of the Regulated Chemicals DirectoryTM, contact Chapman & Hall directly (One Penn Plaza, New York, NY 10119, fax-212-564-1505). Many companies working on product development need information on what may be regulated in the future. The RCD™ provides selected information on pending regulations and in-progress testing lists, which can provide a starting place for tracking future regulatory considerations. Information for the RCD™ is continually gathered and updated. Suggestions from readers for information that should be added to the RCD™ or for other ways to improve the book are welcomed by Chapman & Hall. - Patricia L. Dsida, Pres. ChemADVISOR® , Inc. ix Part A. Chemical Lists and Indexes Section 1.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1. Introduction2. Chemical Lists and List Descriptions -- 3. Cross-Reference Indexes of Chemical Names and Synonyms -- B. Regulatory Summaries -- Appendix: Key to RCRA “F”- and “K”- Series Wastes.
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401583688
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVII, 294 p) , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Social sciences ; History ; Political science. ; International law.
    Kurzfassung: The Construction of Europe contains a multidisciplinary treatment of the development of the European Union. Special attention is given to the political economy of European unification, including precursors of the EEC, the role of French--German relations, the Structural Funds, and the part played by the European Commission. There are also discussions of the implications for Europe of German reunification and the prospects raised by the possibility of expansion into Eastern Europe. The legal structure of the European Community is also examined, in contributions that deal with administrative law, guidelines, competition law, and feminist legal theory
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1 “Integration à la Carte” The Primacy of Politics and the Economic Integration of Western Europe in the 1950s2 Europe’s First Constitution: The European Political Community, 1952-1954 -- 3 EC Regional Policy and the Evolution of the Structural Funds -- 4 Economic and Social Cohesion in the 1990’s -- 5 The Institutional Dynamics of European Integration: From the Single Act to the Maastricht Treaty -- 6 The New Germany and European Union after Maastricht: The Difficult Way Ahead -- 7 The European Community and Central and Eastern Europe -- 8 The Impact of Systemic Transition on the European Community -- 9 Sources of European Administrative Law -- 10 Soft Law and Institutional Practice in the European Community -- 11 Women and the Law: In Search of an Ever-Evasive Equality -- 12 Price Leadership and Conscious Parallelism -- Appendix A Emile Noël’s Contribution to Europe -- Klaus Meyer -- Appendix B Merci, Monsieur Noël -- Marcello Buzzonetti.
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401114127
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 205 p) , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 30
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Linguistics ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax. ; Semiotics. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Case, Scope, and Binding investigates the relation between syntax and semantics within a framework which combines the syntactic Government-Binding theory with a novel cross-linguistic theory of case and semantics. It is argued that case assignment, agreement, syntactic binding relations, as well as the minimum scopes of operators, are all determined by the relations which hold at the level of s-structure. Cross-linguistic variation with respect to these phenomena is due to corresponding variations at the s-structure level. The minimum scope of an operator cannot exceed its c-command domain at s-structure, but may be reduced by certain semantic mechanisms. The availability of any wider scope option depends on the possibility of movement at LF. The proposed theory is tested in detail against the facts of Inuit (Eskimo-Aleut family), an ergative language with typologically unusual scope and binding relations. For linguists and philosophers interested in syntax, semantics, or the syntax-semantics interface
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1: Case, Scope And Binding1. The S-Structure as the Default Logical Form -- 2. A Theory of Case -- 3. Basic Case and Agreement Patterns -- 4. Further Evidence from Case Assignment in Inuit -- 5. Cross-Linguistic Semantics -- 6. An Interpretable S-Structure Determines the Minimum Scopes -- 7. Semantic Effects of Movement at LF -- 8. Syntactic Binding Relations in Inuit -- 9. Conclusion -- 2: Case-Motivated Movement In Inuit -- 1. Review of Case Theory -- 2. Nominative Argument Raising -- 3. Noun Incorporation -- 4. Movement or Binding of a Polyadic Head -- 5. Conclusion -- 3: Semantic Interpretation Of Inuit Structures -- 1. Default Existential Quantification -- 2. Predicative Numerals and Distributive Agreement -- 3. Semantic Effects of Argument Raising at LF -- 4. Semantic Characteristics of Nominative Arguments -- 5. Conclusion -- 4: Syntactic Binding Relations In Inuit -- 1. Extended Conditions A and B -- 2. Reflexive and Pronominal Arguments -- 3. Proximate and Obviative Functional Heads -- 4. Extended Control Condition -- 5. Controlled PRO -- 6. Controlled Functional Heads -- 7. Universal Quantifiers -- 8. Conclusion -- References -- Index of names -- Index of subjects.
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands | Dordrecht : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9780585359588
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (596 p)
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Linguistica Computazionale 9
    Schlagwort(e): Linguistics ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics ; Linguistics. ; Natural language processing (Computer science). ; Computational linguistics. ; Computer science. ; Artificial intelligence.
    Kurzfassung: This collection of papers is dedicated to Don Walker, a kind, gentle soul, and a man of intelligence and vision whom we have been privileged to know and to work with. The technical content of these papers clearly reflects his guidance and direction; his understanding of the relevance of the theories from related disciplines such as linguistics, psychology, and philosophy; and his dream of the future availability of electronic documents and the potential of this as a resource for corpus-based analysis. This led to one of his most interdisciplinary roles as a primary mover in the push to standardize the acquisition and tagging of electronic text, an endeavour that brought together people from fields as distinct as publishing, the humanities and computer science. His widespread interests are mirrored in the rich and diverse collection of papers in this volume which portray many different approaches and many different styles. These papers co-exist in harmony here, united by the goal of paying tribute to Don as well as actualizing part of his dream
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401109420
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVI, 253 p) , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Electronic data processing ; Artificial intelligence ; Educational technology.
    Kurzfassung: This book discusses the development of new models, methods, and tools to support the design and production of (computer-based) learning material. The contributions describe a number of projects that represent the state of the art of European research on courseware authoring, with a special attention to simulation-based learning material. Researchers in instructional science and educational technology, trainers, teachers, and professionals involved or interested in the development of learning material will find valuable ideas, clues and references in this book. Some of the relevant topics that emerge from the papers are: the separation of the conceptual representation of the knowledge to be taught from the instructional strategies and from the actual pieces of multimedia learning material; the support of all the phases of the authoring process, including the most abstract at the design stage; collaborative approaches and reuse techniques
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Designing Interactive LearningECSA: An Environment to Design and Instantiate Learning Material -- DISCourse: Tools for the Design of Learning Material -- Production of Interactive Multimedia Courseware with Mathesis -- Open System for Collaborative Authoring and Re-use -- COSYS - An Approach to Production of Flexible Learning Material -- DISCOURSE: The Design and Production of Simulation-based Learning Environments -- SMISLE: System for Multimedia Integrated Simulation Learning Environments -- SAM, Simulation And Multimedia -- COLOS: Conceptual Learning Of Science -- Towards a Common Training Architecture for FDL: Description and Definition -- Author Index -- List of Addresses.
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  • 11
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401582575
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIII, 404 p) , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Public health laws ; Ethics ; Gynecology ; Medical laws and legislation.
    Kurzfassung: Progress in biomedical science has called for an international discussion of the medical, ethical, and legal problems that confront physicians, medical researchers, infertile couples, pregnant women, and parents of premature or disabled infants. In addition, the unprecedented technological developments in obstetrical, perinatal, and neonatal medicine in recent years have indicated a need for an international forum for interdisciplinary dialogue regarding the definition of early human life, the neurological development of early human life, the value of early human life, the obligations for its protection and prolongation, and the limits to these obligations
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: I. General PerspectivesMedical Aspects of the Beginning of Individual Lives -- The Beginning of Full Moral Standing -- Legal Aspects of the Beginning of Human Life -- Development of the Human Brain: The Emergence of the Neural Substrate for Pain Perception and Conscious Experience -- The Moral Significance of Brain-Life Criteria -- II. Assisted Reproductive Technology -- Assisted Reproductive Technologies of the 1980s and 1990s: The State of the Art and a Look at the Future -- Human Reproductive Technology: Why All the Moral Fuss? -- Gestational Surrogacy and the Health Care Provider -- III. Contraception and Abortion -- The Beginning of Human Life: Contraceptive Implications -- Abortion: A Public Health Perspective -- Abortion and Contraception: The Moral Significance of Fertilization -- Contraception and Abortion: Legal Distinctions and Dynamics -- IV. Fetal Research and Fetal Tissue -- The Use of Human Fetal Tissue for Research and Therapy -- Restriction and Suppression of Fetal and Pre-Embryo Research, 1974-1990 -- Two Problems in Embryo Research -- Fetal Tissue Transplantation and Women -- Fetal Tissue Transplantation: An Institutional Review Board Perspective -- V. Medical, Ethical, and Legal Aspects of Maternal/Fetal Relationships -- Primary Care Fetal Medicine -- Court-Ordered Cesarean Delivery -- Pregnant Drug Addicts -- Women’s Rights versus the Protection of Fetuses -- The Mother and Fetus Union: What God Has Put Together, Let No Law Put Asunder? -- Coercion for Fetal Therapy? -- VI. Rights and Obligations Related to the Beginning of Individual Human Lives -- When Care Cannot Cure: Medical Problems in Seriously Ill Babies -- Transplantation and the Anencephalic Newborn -- Life-and-Death Decisions in the Midst of Uncertainty -- When is Medical Treatment Futile? -- Treatment Decisions for Premature and Disabled Newborns: Hard Cases Make Bad Law.
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  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401105118
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 v. (various pagings)) , ill
    Ausgabe: Second edition
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Schlagwort(e): Science (General)
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Section A : In vitro methods of gene transfer to plant cells1. PEG-mediated direct gene transfer and electroporation -- 2. Gene transfer to plants via particle bombardment -- Section B: Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer to plant cells -- 1. Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer to plant cells: cointegrate and binary vector systems -- 2. Specialized vectors for gene tagging and expression studies -- 3. Agrobacterium molecular genetics -- 4. Genetic manipulation of Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains to improve transformation of recalcitrant plant species -- 5. Transient expression assays using GUS constructs and fluorometric detection for analysis of T-DNA transfer -- 6. Agrobacterium inoculation techniques for plant tissues -- Section C: Selectable and screenable markers for plant transformation -- 1. Antibiotic-resistance markers for plant transformation -- 2. Reporter genes for plants -- 3. Opines as screenable markers for plant transformation -- Section D: Nucleic acid extraction from plant tissue -- 1. Extraction of total cellular DNA from plants, algae and fungi -- 2. Isolation and characterization of nuclear scaffolds -- 3. Isolation of plant mitochondria and mitochondrial nucleic acids -- 4. Isolation of chloroplasts and chloroplast DNA -- 5. Isolation of total, poly (A) and polysomal RNA from plant tissues -- Section E: Transcription and translation systems -- 1. Assay for gene expression using run-on transcription in isolated nuclei -- 2. Preparation of an in vitro transcription system of plant origin, with methods and templates for assessing its fidelity -- Section F: Blotting and gene detection systems -- 1. Southern, Northern and Western blot analysis -- 2. Screening of cDNA expression libraries with synthetic oligonucleotides for DNA-binding proteins -- 3. Non-radioactive nucleic acid detection systems -- Section G: In situ hybridization and immunodetection -- 1. RNA in situ hybridization in plants -- 2. In situ hybridization to plant metaphase chromosomes using digoxigenin labeled nucleic acid sequences -- Section H: Cloning and detection of DNA sequences from large DNA molecules -- 1. Methods for generating plant genomic libraries Marjory -- 2. Construction of plant yeast artificial chromosome libraries -- 3. Preparation of high molecular weight plant DNA and analysis by pulsed field gel electrophoresis -- 4. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers -- Section I: Protein-nucleic acid interaction analyses -- 1. Gel mobility shift assay -- 2. Optimization of DNase I footprinting experiments -- 3. Analyses of plant chromatin and in vivo protein-DNA interactions -- 4. Expression and characterization of recombinant plant trans-acting factors -- Section J: Subcellular targeting of proteins -- 1. In vitro import of proteins into chloroplasts -- 2. In vitro targeting of proteins to mitochondria -- 3. Targeting of proteins to the vacuole -- 4. Visualizing protein import into the plant cell nucleus -- Section K: Gene tagging using transposons -- 1. Gene tagging by endogenous transposons -- 2. Heterologous transposon tagging as a tool for the isolation of plant genes.
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  • 13
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401108881
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 307 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Theory and Decision Library, Series A: Philosophy and Methodology of the Social Sciences 19
    Serie: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 19
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Endogenous growth (Economics) ; Economics ; History ; Econometrics. ; Economic development. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Kurzfassung: This book is concerned with the problems of whether a utility concept that is cardinal -- insofar as ratios between utility differences are significant -- exists or not, whether it is useful -- e.g. in creating testable models of behaviour -- or whether a merely ordinal preference function will do for all purposes. Some selected highlights from the debate between cardinalists and ordinalists are analyzed, but essentially this is a presentation of fresh elements in the case for cardinalism. Special themes analyzed include the distinction between utility and risk attitude, motivating decisions in case of uncertainty, multiperiod allocations and complementarity. Empirical evidence is presented and it seems that attempts at measuring utility give amazing results. The book will interest researchers, teachers and advanced students in economics, economic psychology, welfare theory and themes concerned with human behaviour
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9789401113762
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 258 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Evaluation in Education and Human Services 38
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    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Educational tests and measurements
    Kurzfassung: Drawing upon experiences at state and local level project evaluation, and based on current research in the professional literature, Payne presents a practical, systematic, and flexible approach to educational evaluations. Evaluators at all levels -- state, local and classroom -- will find ideas useful in conducting, managing, and using evaluations. Special user targets identified are state department of education personnel and local school system administrative personnel. The volume can be used by those doing evaluation projects `in the field', or as a text for graduate courses at an introductory level. The book begins with an overview of the generic evaluation process. Chapter Two is devoted to the criteria for judging the effectiveness of evaluation practice. Chapter Three addresses the all important topic of evaluation goals and objectives. Chapters Four, Five and Six basically are concerned with the approach, framework, or design of an evaluation study. Chapter Four contains a discussion of four major philosophical frameworks or metaphors and the implications of these frameworks for conducting an evaluation. Chapters Five and Six describe predominantly quantitative and qualitative designs, respectively. Design, implementation and operational issues related to instrumentation (Chapter Seven), management and decision making (Chapter Eight), and reporting and utilization of results (Chapter Nine) are next addressed. The final chapter of the book (Chapter Ten) considers the evaluation of educational products and materials
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  • 15
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands | Dordrecht : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9789401120104
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xxiv, 394 p) , ill
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archives Internationales D’Histoire Des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 137
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Philosophy, Modern. ; History. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Astronomy—Observations.
    Kurzfassung: Otto von Guericke has been called a neglected genius, overlooked by most modern scholars, scientists, and laymen. He wrote his Experimenta Nova in the seventeenth century in Latin, a dead language for the most part inaccessible to contemporary scientists. Thus isolated by the remoteness of his time and his means of communication, von Guericke has for many years been denied the recognition he deserves in the English speaking world. Indeed, the century in which he lived witnessed the invention of six important and valuable scientific instruments -- the microscope, the telescope, the pendulum clock, the barometer, the thermometer, and the air pump. Von Guericke was associated with the development of the last three of these; he also experimented with a rudimentary electric machine. Thus his Experimenta Nova was an important work, heralding the emerging empiricism of seventeenth century science, and merits this first English translation of von Guericke's magnus opus
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  • 16
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401582735
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 367 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 228
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    Schlagwort(e): Mathematics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Logic ; Computational linguistics ; Mathematical logic. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Poland has played an enormous role in the development of mathematical logic. Leading Polish logicians, like Lesniewski, Lukasiewicz and Tarski, produced several works related to philosophical logic, a field covering different topics relevant to philosophical foundations of logic itself, as well as various individual sciences. This collection presents contemporary Polish work in philosophical logic which in many respects continue the Polish way of doing philosophical logic. This book will be of interest to logicians, mathematicians, philosophers, and linguists
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  • 17
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401582919
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 331 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
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    Schlagwort(e): Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy, modern ; Comparative Literature ; Germanic languages ; Romance languages ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Negation, Critical Theory, and Postmodern Textuality features 14 new essays by leading specialists in critical theory, comparative literature, philosophy, and English literature. The essays, which present wide-ranging historical considerations of negation in light of recent developments in poststructuralism and postmodernism, range over many of the siginificant texts in which negation figures prominently. The book includes a wide-ranging introductory chapter that examines how attention to negation -- the inescapable nescience that is posited in any and every linguistic expression -- enhances the hermeneutic possibilities present in language. In addition, the four sections of the book bring together major critical interventions on, among others, negative meaning, unrecognizability, elenctic negation, apocalypse, nihilism, negation and gender, and denegation. All the essays involve close attention to key texts by major authors, including William Shakespeare, Henry James, Federico García Lorca, Samuel Beckett, Thomas Bernhard, Walt Whitman, E.M. Forster, Mary Shelley, Margaret Atwood, Roland Barthes, Douglas Barbour, Paul de Man, bp Nichol, Jacques Derrida, and Dogen Kigen. The volume opens up new areas in critical theory, comparative literature, and the philosophy of language, and defines a major new area of inquiry in relation to notions of postmodern textuality. Critical theorists, students of comparative literature, English literature, and the history of ideas, and those interested in the hermeneutic implications of postmodernism will find this volume of substantial interest. Its extensive bibliographical apparatus and index make the collection a valuable reference tool for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students as well as for those seeking a variety of interpretive approaches to the problem of negation in literature
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9789401109109
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 278 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 53
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 53
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Mathematical physics. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: The Completeness of Scientific Theories deals with the role of theories in measurement. Theories are employed in measurements in order to account for the operation of the instruments and to correct the raw data obtained. These observation theories thus guarantee the reliability of measurement procedures. In special cases a theory can be used as its own observation theory. In such cases it is possible, relying on the theory itself, to analyze the measuring procedures associated with theoretical states specified within its framework. This feature is called completeness. The book addresses the assets and liabilities of theories exhibiting this feature. Chief among the prima-facie liabilities is a testability problem. If a theory that is supposed to explain certain measurement results at the same time provides the theoretical means necessary for obtaining these results, the threat of circularity arises. Closer investigation reveals that various circularity problems do indeed emerge in complete theories, but that these problems can generally be solved. Some methods for testing and confirming theories are developed and discussed. The particulars of complete theories are addressed using a variety of theories from the physical sciences and psychology as examples. The example developed in greatest detail is general relativity theory, which exhibits an outstanding degree of completeness. In this context a new approach to the issue of the conventionality of physical geometry is pursued. The book contains the first systematic analysis of completeness; it thus opens up new paths of research. For philosophers of science working on problems of confirmation, theory-ladenness of evidence, empirical testability, and space--time philosophy (or students in these areas)
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  • 19
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    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands | Dordrecht : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9789401118989
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xx, 284 p) , ill. (some col.)
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 158
    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy, medieval ; Medicine ; History ; Regional planning ; Philosophy, Modern. ; History. ; Philosophy, Medieval. ; Ethnology. ; Culture. ; Medicine—History.
    Kurzfassung: Jabir ibn Hayyan, for a long time the reigning alchemical authority both in Islam and the Latin West, has exercised numerous generations of scholars. To be sure, it is not only the vexed question of the historical authorship and dating of the grand corpus Jabirianum which poses a serious scholarly challenge; equally challenging is the task of unraveling all those obscure and tantalizing discourses which it contains. This book, which marks the first full-scale study of Jabir ever to be published in the English language, takes up both challenges. The author begins by critically reexamining the historical foundations of the prevalent view that the Jabirian corpus is the work not of an 8th-century individual, but that of several generations of Shi'i authors belonging to the following century and later. Tentatively concluding that this view is problematic, the author, therefore, infers that its methodological implications are also problematic. Thus, developing its own methodological matrix, the book takes up the second challenge, namely that of a substantive analysis and explication of a Jabirian discourse, the Book of Stones. Here explicating Jabir's notions of substance and qualities, analyzing his ontological theory of language and unraveling the metaphysics of his Science of Balance, the author reconstructs the doctrinal context of the Stones and expounds its central theme. He then presents an authoritative critical edition of a substantial selection of the text of the Stones, based on all available manuscripts. This critical edition has been translated in its entirety and is provided with exhaustive commentaries and textual notes -- another pioneering feature of this book: for this is the first English translation of a Jabirian text to emerge in print after a whole century. An outstanding contribution is that it announces and presents an exciting textual discovery: the author has found in the Stones a hitherto unknown Arabic translation of part of Aristotle's Categories. Given that we have so far known of only one other, and possibly later, classical Arabic translation of the Greek text, Haq's discovery gives this book an historical importance
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  • 20
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401109369
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (364p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 53
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Semiotics. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Part I of this book presents a theory of modal metaphysics in the possible-worlds tradition. `Worlds' themselves are understood as structured sets of properties; this `Ersatzist' view is defended against its most vigorous competitors, Meinongianism and David Lewis' theory of existent concrete worlds. Related issues of essentialism and linguistic reference are explored. Part II takes up the question of lexical meaning in the context of possible-world semantics. There are skeptical analyses of analyticity and the notion of a logical constant; and an `infinite polysemy' thesis is defended. The book will be of particular interest to metaphysicians, possible-world semanticists, philosophers of language, and linguists concerned with lexical semantics
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  • 21
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401583626
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 345 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Theology and Medicine 2
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Ethics ; Religion.
    Kurzfassung: What does religion or the religious traditions have to contribute to the discussion and resolution of contemporary bioethical issues? Each of the fifteen essays written for this volume addresses this question by treating a limited area within the volume's title area, Religious Methods and Resources in Bioethics. The essays keep in touch with the very concrete and specific nature of bioethics by illustrating their points with selected bioethical problems or cases. Some discuss the basic resources, methods and/or presuppositions which characterize the approach to bioethical issues of an entire tradition or a significant element thereof. Traditions represented include Hinduism, Buddhism, Taoism, Islam and Judaism. Other authors, while working primarily within their own traditions - most frequently in this section in Christian thought and practice - address methodological issues which arise in a number of traditions. Such matters include casuistry, feminism, principalism and its rivals, virtue ethics, and the issue of ethics' impartial rationality. A final group addresses methodological questions within a given tradition. These include the use of scripture, and of non-canonical authoritative documents, and the role of religious practices in Christian bioethical thinking, and the use of responsa in the Jewish tradition. This volume will be of interest to any persons, beyond beginning undergraduate levels, concerned about religious contributions to bioethical issues
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9789401732499
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 230 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Suppl.: Rezensiert in Otto, Eckart, 1944 - Essays on Biblical Law by Phillips, Anthony 2005
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées 139
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 139
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; History ; Philosophy—History. ; Culture—Study and teaching.
    Kurzfassung: Dick Popkin and James Force have attended a number of recent conferences where it was apparent that much new and important research was being done in the fields of interpreting Newton's and Spinoza's contributions as biblical scholars and of the relationship between their biblical scholarship and other aspects of their particular philosophies. This collection represents the best current research in this area. It stands alone as the only work to bring together the best current work on these topics. Its primary audience is specialised scholars of the thought of Newton and Spinoza as well as historians of the philosophical ideas of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries
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  • 23
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401583343
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XII, 284 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 237
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Logic ; Phenomenology ; Mathematical logic. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: At the turn of the century, Gottlob Frege and Edmund Husserl both participated in the discussion concerning the foundations of logic and mathematics. Since the 1960s, comparisons have been made between Frege's semantic views and Husserl's theory of intentional acts. In quite recent years, new approaches to the two philosophers' views have appeared. This collection of articles opens with the first English translation of Dagfinn Føllesdal's early classic on Husserl and Frege of 1958. The book brings together a number of new contributions by well-known authors and gives a survey of recent developments in the field. It shows that Husserl's thought is coming to occupy a central role in the philosophy of logic and mathematics, as well as in the philosophy of mind and cognitive science. The work is primarily meant for philosophers, especially for those working on the problems of language, logic, mathematics, and mind. It can also be used as a textbook in advanced courses in philosophy
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  • 24
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401581004
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 314 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Law and Philosophy Library 19
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Political science Philosophy ; Criminology ; Political science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; Law—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: When thinking about justified criminalization - whether some action may morally be made a criminal offense - philosophers tend to rely upon `balancing'. Arguments favoring and opposing criminalization are `weighed' on a simple beam balance; the `weightier' reasons prevail. Jonathan Schonsheck argues that this methodology is deeply flawed; among other infirmities, it fosters the neglect of items essential to a defensible decision. He urges the adoption of `filtering' - a multi-step procedure which directs one to discuss the moral authority of the state, to consider measures less coercive than a criminal statute, and to investigate the pragmatic consequences of criminalization. This procedure, he argues, imposes a structure on disputes which facilitates philosophical progress. `Filtering' is then applied to an array of public policy issues, including laws which require the use of automobile seat belts and motorcycle helmets, and laws which prohibit the use of certain psychoactive substances (`drugs'). Additionally, the book addresses a number of more theoretical issues in the philosophy of the criminal law. Throughout, it engages the work of leading philosophers: Derek Parfit, Cass R. Sunstein, Richard J. Arneson, and especially Joel Feinberg
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  • 25
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401582483
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXXII, 288 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 242
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    Schlagwort(e): Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Mathematics ; Logic ; Algebra ; History. ; Mathematical logic. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Since their appearance in the late 19th century, the Cantor--Dedekind theory of real numbers and philosophy of the continuum have emerged as pillars of standard mathematical philosophy. On the other hand, this period also witnessed the emergence of a variety of alternative theories of real numbers and corresponding theories of continua, as well as non-Archimedean geometry, non-standard analysis, and a number of important generalizations of the system of real numbers, some of which have been described as arithmetic continua of one type or another. With the exception of E.W. Hobson's essay, which is concerned with the ideas of Cantor and Dedekind and their reception at the turn of the century, the papers in the present collection are either concerned with or are contributions to, the latter groups of studies. All the contributors are outstanding authorities in their respective fields, and the essays, which are directed to historians and philosophers of mathematics as well as to mathematicians who are concerned with the foundations of their subject, are preceded by a lengthy historical introduction
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9789401720182
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 390 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 230
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy, modern ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History. ; Religion—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Never before, in any anthology, have contemporary epistemologists and philosophers of language come together to address the single most neglected important issue at the confluence of these two branches of philosophy, namely: Can we know facts from reliable reports? Besides Hume's subversive discussion of miracles and the literature thereon, testimony has been bypassed by most Western philosophers; whereas in classical Indian (Pramana) theories of evidence and knowledge philosophical debates have raged for centuries about the status of word-generated knowledge. `Is the response "I was told by an expert on the subject" as respectable as "I saw" or "I inferred" in answer to "How do you know?"' is a question answered in diverse and subtle ways by Buddhists, Vaisesikas and Naiyayikas. For the first time this book makes available the riches of those debates, translating from Sanskrit some contemporary Indian Pandits' reactions to Western analytic accounts of meaning and knowledge. For advanced undergraduates in philosophy, for researchers - in Australia, Asia, Europe or America - on epistemology, theory of meaning, Indian or comparative philosophy, as well as for specialists interested in this relatively fresh topic of knowledge transmission and epistemic dependence this book will be a feast. After its publication analytic philosophy and Indian philosophy will have no excuse for shunning each other
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9789401108287
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XV, 142 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Vienna Circle Collection 21
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Ethics ; Philosophy of mind ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The contribution made by the Vienna Circle to ethics and the philosophy of action is increasingly being recognized. Here two previously unpublished pieces by Moritz Schlick and his pupil Josef Schächter set the scene, showing how ethics is not dependent on metaphysics but does require a sensitivity to strata of language other than that of science. Schächter (author of Prolegomena to a Critical Grammar, also in the VCC, and now doyen of educational philosophers in Israel) further develops this ethical theme in a too little known study of pessimistic dicta that he published in 1938. He succeeds (without ever assenting to it) in giving sense to the idea that it were better for a man never to have been born. The bulk of the book is devoted to two works by Friedrich Waismann, probably written not long after his emigration to England, also in 1938. There are a paper on ethics and science, which defends the Wittgensteinian view that morality is something one cannot defend, but only profess, and (itself more than half the volume) a treatise on will and motive, where the influence of Wittgenstein is mediated by that of Ryle and where many points in modern theory of action are anticipated with the author's usual sensitivity both to language and to the complexity of the human situation. (Joachim Schulte recently edited these two works in the original German, otherwise they have remained unpublished). This valuable addition to the VCC should illuminate both the history of the Circle and the kind of reflection on language and action which dominates the practical philosophy of our own day
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  • 28
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401107747
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIX, 420 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 234
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Statistics ; Science—Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Patrick Suppes is a philosopher and scientist whose contributions range over probability and statistics, mathematical and experimental psychology, the foundations of physics, education theory, the philosophy of language, measurement theory, and the philosophy of science. He has also been a pioneer in the area of computer assisted instruction. In each of these areas, Suppes has provided seminal ideas that in some cases led to shaping the direction of research in the field. The papers contained in this collection were commissioned with the mandate of advancing research in their respective fields rather than retrospectively surveying the contributions that Suppes himself has made. The authors form an interesting mixture of researchers in both formal philosophy of science and science itself all of whom have been inspired by his ideas. To maintain the spirit of constructive dialogue that characterizes Suppes's intellectual style, he has written individual responses to each article. In Volume 1: Probability and Probabilistic Causality, nineteen distinguished philosophers and scientists focus their attention on probabilistic issues. In Part I the contributors explore axiomatic representations of probability theory including qualitative and interval valued probabilities as well as traditional point valued probabilities. Belief structures and the dynamics of belief are also treated in detail. In Part II the rapidly growing field of probabilistic causation is assessed from both formal and empirical viewpoints. For probability theorists, statisticians, economists, philosophers of science, psychologists and those interested in the foundations of mathematical social science. In Volume 2: Philosophy of Physics, Theory Structure, and Measurement Theory, fifteen distinguished philosophers and scientists cover a wide variety of topics. Part III covers issues in quantum theory, geometry, classical mechanics, and computational physics. Part IV explores Suppes's well known set-theoretic account of scientific theories which has served him well throughout his career. Suppes's contributions to measurement theory have been widely used in mathematical psychology and elsewhere, and this material is the subject of Part V. For physicists, logicians, workers in mathematical social sicence, and philosophers of science. In Volume 3: Philosophy of Language and Logic, Learning and Action Theory, fourteen distinguished philosophers and scientists explore issues in the philosophy of languag ...
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  • 29
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    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands | Dordrecht : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9789401109147
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (242 p) , 1 ill
    Ausgabe: Third Edition
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 153
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Metaphysics ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Metaphysics.
    Kurzfassung: Featuring the Gestalt Model and the Perspectivist conception of science, this book is unique in its non-relativistic development of the idea that successive scientific theories are logically incommensurable. This edition includes four new appendices in which the central ideas of the book are applied to subatomic physics, the distinction between laws and theories, the relation between absolute and relative conceptions of space, and the environmental issue of sustainable development
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  • 30
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401122023
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIII, 329 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Evaluation in Education and Human Services 35
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    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Educational tests and measurements ; Economic policy
    Kurzfassung: The validity and utility of employment tests have become entangled in the debate over the 1991 Civil Rights Bill. Worried about compliance with new federal guidelines for test validity, and concerned about possible lawsuits, the business world became wary of pre-employment testing in the early 1980s, but the use of employment testing increased throughout that decade. This book reflects a continuing focus on test validity and fairness, as psychometricians debate the logical, theoretical, and empirical grounds for judging validity, and legal experts debate the appropriateness of various tests and testing practices. The book was prepared under the auspices of the National Commission on Testing and Public Policy
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  • 31
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401111508
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (260p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 52
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    Schlagwort(e): Semantics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Humanities ; Linguistics ; Psycholinguistics ; Semiotics. ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax.
    Kurzfassung: This book presents a theory of the interface between lexical semantics and syntax, in which aspect plays a central role. The aspectual properties that figure in the linking between syntax and semantics are expressed through `aspectual roles', assigned by a verb to its arguments. A number of lexical semantic phenomena can be expressed as operations over aspectual roles, and syntactic phenomena can be classified according to whether or not they are sensitive to the presence of aspectual roles. The theory is independent of any particular model of syntax (such as GB or LFG). This theory proposes a modular relationship between aspectual role information, and conceptual or thematic representations of lexical semantic information. Language-specific generalizations about linking are argued to be expressed in thematic or conceptual representations, while universal linking generalizations are expressed in aspectual representations. Consequently, this theory has implications for language acquisition. A number of recent works have treated aspect of lexical semantics or argument structure in their own right, but none have focused on aspect as central in the relation between lexical semantics and syntactic argument structure
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9789401119467
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 330 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 42
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Aesthetics ; Phenomenology ; Comparative Literature ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Bringing allegory into the light from the neglect into which it fell means focusing on the wondrous heights of the human spirit in its significance for culture. Contemporary philosophies and literary theories, which give pre-eminence to primary linguistics forms (symbol and metaphor), seem to favor just that which makes intelligible communication possible. But they fall short in accounting for the deepest subliminal founts that prompt the mind to exalt in beauty, virtue, transcending aspiration. The present, rich collection shows how allegory, incorporating the soaring of the spirit, offers highlights for culture, with its fluctuations and transformation. This collective effort, rich in ideas and intuitions and covering a vast range of cultural manifestations, is a pioneering work, retrieving the vision of the exalted human spirit, bringing together literature, theatre, music and painting in a variety of revealing perspectives. The authors include: M. Kronegger, Ch. Raffini, J. Smith, J.B. Williamson, H. Ross, M.F. Wagner, F. Divorne, L. Oppenheim, D.K. Heckerl, N. Campi de Castro, P. Saurez Pascual, M. Alfaro Amieiro, H. Fletcher Thompson, R.J. Wilson III, and A. Stensaas. For specialists, students and workers in philosophy, comparative literature, aesthetic phenomenologists and historians of art
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  • 33
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401111225
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 196 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The GeoJournal Library 29
    DDC: 910
    Schlagwort(e): Geography ; Cartography ; Social sciences Methodology
    Kurzfassung: Neural nets offer a fascinating new strategy for spatial analysis, and their application holds enormous potential for the geographic sciences. However, the number of studies that have utilized these techniques is limited. This lack of interest can be attributed, in part, to lack of exposure, to the use of extensive and often confusing jargon, and to the misapprehension that, without an underlying statistical model, the explanatory power of the neural net is very low. Neural Nets: Applications for Geography attacks all three issues; the text demonstrates a wide variety of neural net applications in geography in a simple manner, with minimal jargon. The volume presents an introduction to neural nets that describes some of the basic concepts, as well as providing a more mathematical treatise for those wishing further details on neural net architecture. The bulk of the text, however, is devoted to descriptions of neural net applications in such broad-ranging fields as census analysis, predicting the spread of AIDS, describing synoptic controls on mountain snowfall, examining the relationships between atmospheric circulation and tropical rainfall, and the remote sensing of polar cloud and sea ice characteristics. The text illustrates neural nets employed in modes analogous to multiple regression analysis, cluster analysis, and maximum likelihood classification. Not only are the neural nets shown to be equal or superior to these more conventional methods, particularly where the relationships have a strong nonlinear component, but they are also shown to contain significant explanatory power. Several chapters demonstrate that the nets themselves can be decomposed to illuminate causative linkages between different events in both the physical and human environments
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9789401113946
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVI, 315 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Issues in Business Ethics 6
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Economics ; Ethics ; Economic policy ; Social sciences ; Management science. ; Business.
    Kurzfassung: Multinational Corporations and the Impact of Public Advocacy on Corporate Strategy: Nestlé and the Infant Formula Controversy presents an in-depth analysis of the infant formula controversy and the resulting international boycott of Nestlé products launched by various social activist groups and church organizations. The actions of those groups culminated in the passage of the first international marketing code under the auspices of the World Health Organization. Based on exhaustive and unique research, the book details the Nestlé case and uses it to analyze a number of other major issues bearing on contemporary business strategy and operations in the national and international arena. Issues addressed include: The rising phenomenon of social activism and its affect on public opinion and public policy; The changing role of churches and other religious groups and their impact on corporate strategy and behavior; The emergence of UN affiliated international bodies, as both arbiters and regulators of market conduct of multinational corporations; The changing dynamics between multinational corporations and host countries; The factors which determine a company's behavior and its ability to adapt to changing societal expectations. £/LIST£ Multinational Corporations and the Impact of Public Advocacy on Corporate Strategy: Nestlé and the Infant Formula Controversy presents a microcosm of business society conflicts being played out in all parts of the world. This scholarly book will be of great interest to academics in the areas of management, business ethics, social conflict, and international regulation. It will also appeal to a broad corporate and government audience and to anyone interested in contemporary world affairs and the increasing globalization of socio-economic conflicts
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  • 35
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401583152
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 263 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 238
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Humanities ; Aesthetics ; Semiotics. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: Metaphor is one of the most frequently evoked but at the same time most poorly understood concepts in philosophy and literary theory. In recent years, several interesting approaches to metaphor have been presented or outlined. In this volume, authors of some of the most important new approaches re-present their views or illustrate them by means of applications, thus allowing the reader to survey some of the prominent ongoing developments in this field. These authors include Robert Fogelin, Susan Haack, Jaakko Hintikka (with Gabriel Sandu), Bipin Indurkhya and Eva Kittay (with Eric Steinhart). Their stance is in the main constructive rather than critical; but frequent comparisons of different views further facilitate the reader's overview. In the other contributions, metaphor is related to the problems of visual representation (Noël Carroll), to the open class test (Avishai Margalit and Naomi Goldblum) as well as to Wittgenstein's idea of `a way of life' (E.M. Zemach)
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  • 36
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401733915
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXXVI, 412 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 150
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 150
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Social sciences Methodology ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Kurzfassung: Natural Sciences and the Social Sciences contains a series of explorations of the different ways in which the social sciences have interacted with the natural sciences. Usually, such interactions are considered to go only `one way': from the natural to the social sciences. But there are several important essays in this volume which show how developments in the social sciences have affected the natural sciences - even the `hard' science of physics. Other essays deal with various types of interaction since the Scientific Revolution. In his general introductory chapter, Cohen sets some general themes concerning analogies and homologies and the use of metaphors, drawing specific examples from the use of concepts of physics by marginalist economists and of developments in the life sciences by organismic sociologists. The remaining chapters, which explore the different ways in which the social sciences and the natural sciences have actually interacted, are written by leaders in the field of history of science, drawn from a wide range of countries and disciplines. The book will be of great interest to all historians of science, philosophers interested in questions of methodology, economists and sociologists, and all social scientists concerned with the history of their subject and its foundations
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  • 37
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401108447
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIII, 200 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Nijhoff International Philosophy Series 50
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The general view of Russell's work among philosophers has been that repeatedly, during his long and distinguished career, crucial changes of mind on fundamental points were significant enough to cause him to successively adopt a diversity of radically new philosophical positions. Thus, Russell is seen to have embraced and then abandoned, amongst others, neo-Hegelianism, Platonic realism, phenomenalism and logical atomism, before settling finally on a form of neutral monism that philosophers have generally found to be incredible. However, in recent years there have been signs of increasing awareness that the extent to which Russell was prone to change philosophical position may have been greatly exaggerated. This book represents the first detailed attempt to trace the fundamental unity that lies within all of Russell's philosophical work, as well as the reasons behind those limited orderly changes that did, in fact, occur within it. The main thesis of the book is that there is a lot more continuity in Russell's philosophy than has been usually acknowledged, and that the major changes that do occur are much more orderly than Russell's reputation for erratically changing his views allows. Drawing on a wide selection of Russell's own statements, a general account of Russellian analysis is developed which shows it to have a highly organised structure, which he consistently applies throughout all of his post-idealist philosophising. This book is addressed primarily to serious students of Russell's philosophy, and is suitable for use in both postgraduate and undergraduate courses on Russell's philosophy generally, on specific aspects of his work, or on analytic philosophy in the twentieth century. However, the book is written clearly enough to be read by the many general readers interested in finding out more about Russell's philosophy
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  • 38
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401108348
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 379 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 54
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 54
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: From the mid-1960s, after the important works by J. Hintikka, S. Körner, W. Sellars and P.F. Strawson, there has been a marked revival of Kantian epistemological thought. Against this background, featuring fruitful exchange between historical research and theoretical prospects, the main point of the book is the discussion of Kantian theory of scientific knowledge from the perspective of present-day analytical philosophy and philosophy of empirical and mathematical sciences. The main topics are the problem of a priori knowledge in logic, mathematics and physics, the distinction between analytic and synthetic judgments, the constitution of physical objectivity and the questions of realism and truth, the Kantian conception of time, causal laws and induction, the relations between Kantian epistemological thought, relativity theory, quantum theory and some recent developments of philosophy of science. The book is addressed to research workers, specialists and scholars in the fields of epistemology, philosophy of science and history of philosophy
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  • 39
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401110969
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 150 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Nijhoff International Philosophy Series 51
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy. ; Political science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Kurzfassung: This book argues that we would be very foolish to abandon the sense of justice that lies at the core of the social democratic approach to political life. The book challenges the view that the liberal tradition is best characterised by its embrace of key values, such as freedom, autonomy, self-realistation, and with the importance accorded to the virtue of tolerance. A competing social democratic/Rawlsian understanding of liberalism is presented and compared with major rival ideological orientations on both the left and the right of the political spectrum. By reviewing a variety of opinions by writers who are critical of liberalism, as well as debates within the tradition itself, the author shows that: (a) writers to the left of liberalism offer no feasible alternative that offers guidance in dealing with the problems we must face in modern societies; (b) writers to the right on the political spectrum often postulate circumstances in which justice towards individuals need no longer be regarded as an issue. As he shows, both these orientations will lead to a crisis of legitimacy in modern circumstances and this may tempt communities to abandon democracy in order to secure order. The book may be used in most courses on political philosophy and ideology
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  • 40
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    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands | Dordrecht : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9789401109024
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xiv, 562 p) , ill
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 154
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; Genetic epistemology ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Philosophy—History. ; Philosophy. ; Aesthetics. ; Political science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: These essays by his friends, students, colleagues, and admirers honor Marx Wartofsky on his 65th birthday by their humane and rigorous investigations of themes from his own broad range of interests. Art and science, ethics and history, from the great Enlightenment through the 19th century to our time of failed hopes and ironic successes, and especially human self-understanding through praxis, Wartofsky's joys, sorrows, curiosity and intelligence find their reflections in these insightful and original contributions. The authors include Joseph Agassi, Andrew Buchwalter, Peter Caws, Robert S. Cohen, William Earle, Bernard Elevitch, Paul Feyerabend, Roger S. Gottlieb, Carol C. Gould, Hilde Hein, Jaakko Hintikka, Gregg Horowitz, Michael Kelly, Peter Kivy, Erazim Kohak, Douglas Lackey, Berel Lang, Isaac Levi, Joseph Margolis, Gyorgy Markus, Alasdair MacIntyre, William McBride, Thomas McCarthy, Joëlle Proust, Roshdi Rashed, Cheyney Ryan, Abner Shimony, Kristin Shrader-Frechette, Lorenzo Simpson, Gary Smith, John Stachel, and Willis Truitt
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  • 41
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401111607
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (508p. 1 illus) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology 17
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 17
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Aesthetics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: The essays included in this volume are illustrative of the depth and breadth of possibilities provided by hermeneutic philosophy and by a hermeneutically oriented phenomenology. Among the topics considered, the questions explored, are: How is hermeneutics situated within the general, twentieth century philosophical climate? What is its genuine essence, its logos? How does hermeneutics relate to traditional philosophy? To Kant? To Hegel? To Husserl? What possibilities does hermeneutics offer for a philosophy of the future? What does it have to say about science, about art, about values, about rationality and its limits, about what it means to be who we are? Such are the questions of this volume, The Question of Hermeneutics. Contributors include such well known philosophers as Otto Pöggeler, Karl-Otto Apel, Calvin Schrag, Walter Biemel, James Edie, Thomas Seebohm, Adriaan Peperzak, and others
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  • 42
    ISBN: 9789401105019
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (201p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 45
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Ethics ; Phenomenology ; Anthropology ; Philosophy of mind. ; Self.
    Kurzfassung: In a crisp, original style the author approaches the crucial question of moral theory, the `is--ought' problem via communicative argumentation. Moving to the end of Habermas's conception of the communicative action, he introduces the concept of `radical choice' as the key to the transition from the descriptive to the normative. Phenomenological subjectivity of the intersubjective life-world is being vindicated as the `arch-value' of all derivative values, or the first principle for all normative precepts. With exceptional acumen and mastery of the philosophical argument, the author -- a young native Chinese lately trained in a Western university -- delineates a fascinating route along which the philosophical question of justification raised in the analytic tradition can be answered on the basis of phenomenology. A noteworthy contribution to the interplay between the Anglo--American and Continental schools of philosophy
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  • 43
    ISBN: 9789401111201
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVII, 310 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Technology, Risk, and Society, An International Series in Risk Analysis 8
    DDC: 333.7
    Schlagwort(e): Environmental sciences ; Environmental management ; Operations research
    Kurzfassung: Planning for the management of nuclear wastes -- whatever their level of radioactivity -- is one of the most important environmental problems for all societies that produce utility, industrial, medical, or other radioactive waste products. Attemps to site low-level radioactive waste disposal facilities in Western industrial societies, however, have repeatedly engendered conflicts between governments, encountered vehement opposition on the part of local citizen groups, and given rise to overt hostilities among involved parties. LLRW Disposal Facility Siting is the result of a study designed to learn more about the causes underlying failed and successful efforts to site LLRW disposal facilities. The study is based on case histories of LLRW disposal facility siting processes in six countries. Siting processes in five states within the United States and in five additional countries are analyzed using information obtained from public documents and supplemented by interviews with key participants. The selected states and countries are major generators of LLRW and each has made efforts to establish LLRW disposal facilities during the past decade. They vary widely in the approaches they have adopted to LLRW management, the institutional structures developed for managing the siting process, the means used to involve stakeholders and technical experts in the facility siting process and the amount and type of data used in making decisions. The analysis of these case histories provides general lessons about the advantages, disadvantages, strengths, and weaknesses of the various approaches that have been attempted or implemented. LLRW Disposal Facility Siting provides valuable data for academics and researchers working in the area of environmental management
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  • 44
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401111263
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVI, 367 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 159
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 159
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy of nature ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Plaass's treatise stood at the beginning of a renewed wave of scholarship regarding Kant's Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science (MF). Plaass argues that the MF represents an integral step in Kant's development between the two editions of the Critique of Pure Reason. The MF repeats the `Copernican turn', using the conditions of subjectivity to derive the metaphysical determinations of `matter' as the object of natural science with the new method called `metaphysical construction', which simultaneously grounds the mathematizability of physics. The translators provide background and analysis of Plaass's work, extend it to include the body of the MF and offer a variation on the analysis of the relationship between mathematics and metaphysics in the MF. They discuss its relevance for contemporary paradigm-dependency approaches to the philosophy of science and for philosophical hermeneutics. The book will be of interest to Kant specialists as well as to students of the philosophy of science in general
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  • 45
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401110082
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 328 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophical Studies Series 60
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy of mind ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Increasingly, the mind is being treated as a fit subject for scientific inquiry. As cognitive science and empirical psychology strive to uncover the mind's secrets, it is fitting to inquire as to what distinctive role is left for philosophy in the study of mind. This collection, which includes contributions by some of the leading scholars in the field, offers a rich variety of perspectives on this issue. Topics addressed include: the place of a priori inquiry in philosophy of mind, moral psychology, consciousness, social dimensions of intentionality, the relation of logic to philosophical psychology, objectivity and the mind, and privileged access
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  • 46
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    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands | Dordrecht : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9789401110020
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xv, 392 p) , ill
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The GeoJournal Library 30
    Schlagwort(e): Social sciences ; Environmental management ; Economics ; Population ; Human Geography ; Human geography. ; Economics. ; Sociology. ; Environmental management. ; Population—Economic aspects.
    Kurzfassung: In The Asian City the Asian urbanisation processes, nature and characteristics of the 1990s have been analyzed by countries, by comparing different countries and in an international context. The authors are urban specialists from four continents. This volume has been divided into six parts: Part I Urbanisation in an international context; Part II Comparative urban setting; Part III Urbanisation characteristics by country; Part IV Urban planning; Part V The urban poor, and Part VI Perspectives on urbanization. This work allows the reader to understand Asian urban forms, their evolution, the nature of urbanisation, its impact on economic growth in cities, the living and working conditions of the poor, and urban planning and problems
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  • 47
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    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands | Dordrecht : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9789401108980
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xv, 410 p) , ill
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 41
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Comparative Literature ; History ; Phenomenology . ; Language and languages—Style. ; History. ; Comparative literature. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Focusing mainly upon language, communication, textuality, etc., as is overwhelmingly today's fashion, we miss the very raison d'être of literature and language itself. Moving a step further in our investigation of the anthropologico-ontopoietic sources of the life-significance of literature by unravelling the function of imaginatio creatrix in man's self interpretation-in-existence, this collection seeks to bring forth the royal role of allegory in the fostering of culture. A conjoint work of human elemental passions and of the human spirit, allegory mediates between lofty ideals of the highest human strivings and the pedestrian realm of facts. Interpretative or theoretical studies encompass allegory -- mediaeval, modern and post-modern -- in various literatures. Among the authors are: Tymieniecka, Kronegger, Jorge Garcia Gomez, V. Osadnik, H. Hellerstein, H. Rudnick, R. Kiefer, V. Fichera, K. Haney, Ch. Raffini, J. Williamson, B. Ross and Sitansu Ray
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  • 48
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401108041
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 189 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophical Studies Series 59
    Serie: Springer eBook Collection
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    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Religion. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Konferenzschrift ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Religion ; Wissenschaft ; Glaube ; Religionsphilosophie ; Wissen ; Naturwissenschaften
    Kurzfassung: This book provides new insights into the interrelation between scientific and religious belief. The chapters cover important features of belief in general and discuss distinctive properties between belief, knowledge and acceptance. These properties are considered in relation and comparison to religious belief. Among the contributions are topics such as: the change of scientific belief in relation to the change of our information. Is belief value-free? What are rational reasons (for the justification) of religious hypotheses? What are the important similarities and differences between scientific and religious belief? The different features and aspects are discussed in respect to the great religions of mankind. In addition to the research papers the book contains selections of the discussion which help to clarify interesting details. The book will be of interest to a vast readership among philosophers, theologians and people interested in philosophical questions concerning religion
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  • 49
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401108607
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 253 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophy and Medicine 46
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; medicine Philosophy ; Medical ethics ; Ethics ; Medicine—Philosophy. ; Bioethics.
    Kurzfassung: The demand for consensus arises due to its absence. For each opinion held there will be another to counter it, and for each approach to problem solving an alternative will be suggested. Focusing on the bioethical problems surrounding new technical interventions in human reproduction, 15 authors try to examine the meaning, importance and feasibility of consensus. The very different perspectives from the philosophers, physicians, lawyers, theologians, politicians and sociologists contributing to this topic reflect on the difficulties and complexity of moral decision making, offer views on the problem of why decision making does not take place more harmoniously and asks if there can be any hope of a solution in a world where the discipline of contemporary ethics is characterised by a vast diversity - or chaos - of heterogenous theories and concurring approaches. This book is intended for philosophers, physicians, ethicists and everyone involved in moral decision making, to shape his or her understanding of this process and to help him or her to reflect on the concept of consensus
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  • 50
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401583138
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XII, 220 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 240
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Aesthetics ; Philosophy of mind ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This volume is a collection of essays in appreciation, analysis and honor of Paul Ziff, one of the leading American philosophers of the post-World War II period. The essays address questions that loomed large in Ziff's own work. Essays by Zeno Vendler, Jay Rosenberg, and Tom Patton address topics in philosophy of language: understanding, misunderstanding, rules, regularities, and proper names. Michael Resnik examines the nature of numbers, Rita Nolan addresses `mutant predicates', and Peter Alexander discusses microscopes and corpuscles. Douglas C. Long ruminates on Ziff's claim that machines can neither think nor feel. The essays of Dale Jamieson, Bill E. Lawson, Douglas Dempster, and Joseph Ullian address various questions in aesthetics: aesthetic appreciation and morality, expression, the scope of appreciation, and the aesthetics of sport. In the spirit of Ziff, Douglas Stalker criticizes some of the `mush' that looms large in our intellectual lives. The volume begins with a reminiscence by Paul Benacerraf, and ends with selections from an unpublished volume of plays by Paul Ziff. The volume should appeal to anyone whose work has been influenced by Ziff, or is interested in central philosophical problems concerning language, mind, and art
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  • 51
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    ISBN: 9789401582872
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 145 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Library of Rhetorics 1
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Political science Philosophy ; Ethics ; Logic ; Law—Philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This book presents the New Theory of Argumentation, popularly known as the New Rhetoric, as an innovative theoretical and methodological system which will become increasingly important. Two factors determine the importance of this philosophy: (1) The collapse of all modern ideologies, many sociopolitical systems and their associated philosophies, whether of the right or the left, means that the era of the quick, dogmatic perception of how to force people to feel free and happy is over. (2) New forms and institutions of social and economic life must be found among the wreckage. The solutions sought must work best for the greatest number of people and must be flexible enough to allow the reinterpretation of all our determinations, from the very beginning. The New Rhetoric rejects all absolutist and dogmatic ideas. But neither does it support absolute relativism. It constitutes a method for the endless search for truthful explanations and for enlightened practical activity. Truth is only the process of approaching it. While critical of formal logic, the New Rhetoric develops the concepts of `other', `experimental', `flexible', and `logic of good sense'. The introduction and elaboration of the concept of `reasonableness' is presented as a milestone in the evolution of scientific methodology. The New Rhetoric has overcome the traditional contradictions between logic, rationalism and dialectic and has laid new foundations for a modern theory of morality, law, legal interpretation, and human rights. This book discusses such problems as: new moral notions, the new dilemma of Cain, the spurious notions of 'centrism', Antigone's new arguments, 'argumentation is not bargaining', new foundations of tolerance and justice. It ends with a section on 'Resolutions for the New Century', written in the spirit of traditional enlightenment, rule of reason and humanism, but which goes beyond them
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  • 52
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    ISBN: 9789401583787
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 259 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophical Studies in Contemporary Culture 2
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Political science Philosophy ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy. ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Much of contemporary philosophy, political theory, and social thought has been shaped directly or indirectly by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, though there is considerable disagreement about how his work should be understood. He has been described both as a metaphysician and characterized as an ironic narrator who anticipated the character of philosophy after metaphysics. His position is equally ambiguous with regard to his political thought. He has been construed both as an enemy of the liberal state and as a friend of freedom. This volume's revisionist reassessment, building on the scholarship of Klaus Hartmann, explores these ambiguities in favor of a non-metaphysical reading of Hegel's arguments. It also shows how the foundations of his political thought support a liberal democratic state. This reappraisal of Hegel's arguments resituates him as a philosopher who anticipates the difficulties of post-modernity and offers a basis for reassessing ontology, aesthetics, and revolution. Philosophers and those doing work in political theory will find this volume of great interest
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  • 53
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    ISBN: 9789401735568
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 246 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Mathematics Education Library 15
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    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Education Philosophy ; Mathematics ; Mathematics—Study and teaching . ; Education—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: What does `critical mathematics education' mean? This is the essential question in Towards a Philosophy of Critical Mathematics Education. The question forms the basis of an approach to the clarification of such notions as: crises, democracy, the Vico-paradox, mathematical formatting, reflective knowing, learning as action, personal fatalism and underground intentions. The subject matter considered is the project-organised mathematics education undertaken in primary and secondary school. It is shown that the concept of critical mathematics education is crucial for every educational theory. As the book explains, if humanity is submerged in technology, and if modern technology is to a great extent constituted by mathematics, then the implicit and explicit functions of mathematics education assume a fundamental importance
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  • 54
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    ISBN: 9789401581066
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXVII, 388 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 153
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 153
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Quantum theory ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Physics—Philosophy. ; Quantum physics. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: Since the Niels Bohr centenary of 1985 there has been an astonishing international surge of scholarly analyses of Bohr's philosophy. Now for the first time in Niels Bohr and Contemporary Philosophy Jan Faye and Henry Folse have brought together sixteen of today's leading authors who have helped mould this new round of discussions on Bohr's philosophy. In fifteen entirely new, previously unpublished essays we discover a surprising variety of the different facets of Bohr as the natural philosopher whose `framework of complementarity' shaped the final phase of the quantum revolution and influenced two generations of the century's leading physicists. There is much on which the authors included here agree; but there are also polar disagreements, which assure us that the philosophical questions revolving around Bohr's `new viewpoint' will continue to be a subject of scholarly interest and discussion for years to come. This collection will interest all serious students of history and philosophy of science, and foundations of physics
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  • 55
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    ISBN: 9789401729215
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XV, 256 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 152
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 152
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Romanticism in all its expression communicated a vision of the essential interconnectedness and harmony of the universe. The romantic concept of knowledge was decidedly unitary, but, in the period between 1790 and 1840, the special emphasis it placed on observation and research led to an unprecedented accumulation of data, accompanied by a rapid growth in scientific specialization. An example of the tensions created by this development is to be found in the scientists' congresses which attempted a first response to the fragmentation of scientific research. The problem concerning the unitary concept of knowledge in that period, and the new views of the world which were generated are the subject of this book. The articles it contains are all based on original research by an international group of highly specialized scholars. Their research probes a wide range of issues, from the heirs of Naturphilosophie, to the `life sciences', and to the debate on `Baconian Sciences', as well as examining many aspects of mathematics, physics and chemistry. History of philosophy and history of science scholars will find this book an essential reference work, as well as all those interested in 19th century history in general. Undergraduate and graduate students will also find here angles and topics that have hitherto been largely neglected
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  • 56
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    ISBN: 9789401582520
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 324 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 243
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, modern ; Pragmatism ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: Charles Sanders Peirce (1839--1914) has often been referred to as one of the most important North American philosophers, but the real extent of his philosophical importance is only now beginning to emerge. Peirce's `pragmaticism' (his own term) may provide the key to an epistemological theory which avoids both the Scylla of foundationalism and the Charybdis of relativism. Peirce's `Logic', linked to a conception of knowledge and of science, is increasingly coming to be recognised as the only possible one. In Living Doubt, 26 papers are presented by some of the world's leading philosophers, demonstrating the rich and cosmopolitan variety of approach to Peirce's epistemology. The contributions are grouped under three general headings: Knowledge, truth and the pragmatic principle; Peirce and the epistemological tradition; and Knowledge, language and semeiotic
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  • 57
    ISBN: 9789401583114
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 614 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 236
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Logic ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Mathematical logic. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This collection of 38 papers gives a cross-section of ongoing research in philosophy of science and philosophical logic. The papers, written by active researchers in the field and published here for the first time, are drawn from around 650 papers that were contributed to the 9th International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science in Uppsala, Sweden, 1991. Some of the speakers whose contributions attracted special interest were invited to contribute their papers to this volume. A few papers appear here more or less as they were presented at the Congress, whereas others are expansions or elaborations of the talks given. There is one section with five papers on philosophical logic. The other papers deal with many different aspects of philosophy of science, including general methodological questions, problems of probability, induction and decision theory, and ethics of science and technology, as well as foundational problems about particular sciences. Five special sections are concerned with logic, mathematics and computer science, the physical sciences, the biological sciences, cognitive science, and linguistics, respectively. Finally, there is one section on the history of logic, methodology and philosophy of science. The book will be of interest to philosophers of science and logicians, as well as to all researchers interested in the foundations of their disciplines
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  • 58
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    ISBN: 9789401707930
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 457 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Cognitive Systems 17
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Computational linguistics ; Cognitive psychology.
    Kurzfassung: Creativity is one of the least understood aspects of intelligence and is often seen as `intuitive' and not susceptible to rational enquiry. Recently, however, there has been a resurgence of interest in the area, principally in artificial intelligence and cognitive science, but also in psychology, philosophy, computer science, logic, mathematics, sociology, and architecture and design. This volume brings this work together and provides an overview of this rapidly developing field. It addresses a range of issues. Can computers be creative? Can they help us to understand human creativity? How can artificial intelligence (AI) enhance human creativity? How, in particular, can it contribute to the `sciences of the artificial', such as design? Does the new wave of AI (connectionism, geneticism and artificial life) offer more promise in these areas than classical, symbol-handling AI? What would the implications be for AI and cognitive science if computers could not be creative? These issues are explored in five interrelated parts, each of which is introducted and explained by a leading figure in the field. - Prologue (Margaret Boden) - Part I: Foundational Issues (Terry Dartnall) - Part II: Creativity and Cognition (Graeme S. Halford and Robert Levinson) - Part III: Creativity and Connectionism (Chris Thornton) - Part IV: Creativity and Design (John Gero) - Part V: Human Creativity Enhancement (Ernest Edmonds) - Epilogue (Douglas Hofstadter) For researchers in AI, cognitive science, computer science, philosophy, psychology, mathematics, logic, sociology, and architecture and design; and anyone interested in the rapidly growing field of artificial intelligence and creativity
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  • 59
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    ISBN: 9789401729277
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 316 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The GeoJournal Library 28
    DDC: 333.7
    Schlagwort(e): Environmental sciences ; Environmental management ; Regional economics ; Human Geography
    Kurzfassung: This book is about Dutch strategic planning. Although the Netherlands is often considered a planner's paradise, it should be realized that it is one that is carefully constructed and maintained by the planners themselves. In discussing national planning, and in this framework provincial and local planning, the authors invoke the notion of planning doctrine. Planning doctrine encompasses a definitive view of what the country should look like. In the Dutch case this entails preserving a distinct pattern of urban settlements called `Randstad' enclosing the open area in the middle called the `Green Heart'. Doctrine also addresses how government should pursue its policies in the face of mounting pressure. By means of the `planning doctrine' planners are stimulating public support. This book comprises the origin and establishment of the `doctrine' up to and including the Fourth Report on National Physical Planning. This book will be of interest to scientists, researchers and practitioners in urban, regional and strategic planning, urban and social history, social geography, public administration and policy sciences
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  • 60
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    ISBN: 9789401581028
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XV, 267 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Cognitive Systems 16
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Education Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Education—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The rise of cognitive science in the 1960s was widely heralded as a scientific revolution -- an interpretation that implied the decline and eventual death of behavioral psychology. Although many forms of behavioral psychology did indeed disappear, there was a striking exception: the program of operant psychology founded by B.F. Skinner. This program actually grew at a rapid pace during the `cognitive revolution' and shows no signs of fading away. What, then, is its place within psychology, and in particular, what is its relationship with cognitive psychology? This book attempts to answer that question. Distinguishing between operant psychology and the philosophy of radical behaviorism, it concludes that even though radical behaviorism may have been a failure, the operant program of research has been a success. Furthermore, operant psychology and cognitive psychology complement one another, each having its own domain within which it contributes something valuable to, but beyond the reach of, the other
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  • 61
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    ISBN: 9789401583886
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIII, 255 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Technology, Risk, and Society, An International Series in Risk Analysis 9
    DDC: 333.7
    Schlagwort(e): Environmental sciences ; Environmental management ; Operations research
    Kurzfassung: Future Risks and Risk Management provides a broad perspective on risk, including basic philosophical issues concerned with values, psychological issues, such as the perception of risk, the factors that generate risks in current and future technological and social systems, including both technical and organizational factors. No other volume adopts this broad perspective. Future Risks and Risk Management will be useful in a variety of contexts, both for teaching and as a source book for the risk professional needing to be informed of the broader issues in the field
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  • 62
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    ISBN: 9789401711999
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (V, 215 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Mathematics Education Library 14
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    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Education Philosophy ; Mathematics ; Mathematics—Study and teaching . ; Education—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Mathematics teaching and learning have been dominated by a concern for the intellectual readiness of the child, debates over rote learning versus understanding and, recently, mathematical processes and thinking. The gaze into today's mathematics classroom is firmly focused on the individual learner. Recently, however, studies of mathematics in social practices, including the market place and the home, have initiated a shift of focus. Culture has become identified as a key to understanding the basis on which the learner appropriates meaning. The chapters in this timely book attempt to engage with this shift of focus and offer original contributions to the debate about mathematics teaching and learning. They adopt theoretical perspectives while drawing on the classroom as both the source of investigation and the site of potential change and development. The book will be of fundamental interest to lecturers and researchers and to teachers concerned with the classroom as a cultural phenomenon
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  • 63
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    ISBN: 9789401735964
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 460 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 151
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 151
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Physics—Philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; Mathematics. ; History.
    Kurzfassung: The discussions of theoretical issues involved in the history of science have not received sufficient attention. This volume is a contribution to this ongoing discussion and deals with many such issues in the historiography of science, concentrating mainly on what is known as the internalist approach. The topics include ancient Greek mathematics during the Enlightenment, the physical sciences in the 19th and 20th centuries, as well as discussions of the relationship between history and philosophy of science. Both beginners in the fields of history and/or philosophy of science as well as scholars who have been already working in these fields will read the articles with pleasure and profit
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  • 64
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    ISBN: 9789401583367
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIII, 394 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 239
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Mathematical logic. ; Philosophy—History. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This book contains seminal discussions of central issues in the philosophy of language, mathematics, mind, religion and time. Is common language conceptually prior to idiolectics? What is a theory of meaning? Does constructivism provide a satisfactory account of mathematics? What are indefinitely extensible concepts? Can we change the past? These are only some of the very important questions addressed here. Both the papers written by the contributors and Dummett's replies provide a great wealth of stimulating ideas for those who currently do research in the respective areas touched upon without making the reading exceedingly tedious. This feature, common to most of the papers in this book, makes it possible to use the material presented in undergraduate courses at university level
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  • 65
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    ISBN: 9789401582759
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 208 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 42
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy, medieval ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion.
    Kurzfassung: This study gives the first English translation of Lectura I 39, a key text of the medieval theologian and philosopher John Duns Scotus (1266--1308), together with an introduction and a commentary. In the history of thought, Scotus is the first scholar to develop a consistent analysis of the basic Christian notions of contingency and freedom. This analysis can be found in his important early work, Lectura I 39, in which the question of whether God has knowledge of future contingents is discussed. Reality is contingent, which means that reality in its factual shape could have been otherwise; God does not rule by determinism nor is He ruled by it -- nor is man, neither is their relationship. This fundamental insight made Christian thought turn away from the ancient conception that everything is (at bottom) necessary. For graduate students, philosophers and theologians
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  • 66
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    ISBN: 9789401583862
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XX, 243 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Theology and Medicine 3
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; medicine Philosophy ; Medical ethics ; Religion (General) ; Ethics ; Bioethics. ; Religion. ; Medicine—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Efforts to evaluate the clinical encounter in terms of autonomous agents governed by rationally justified moral principles continue to be criticised. These essays, written by physicians, ethicists, theologians and philosophers, examine various models of the clinical encounter emerging out of these criticisms and explore the prospects they offer for theological and religious discourse. Individual essays focus on the reformulation of covenant models; revisions of principles approaches; and topics such as power, authority, narrative, rhetoric, dialogue, and alterity. The essays display a range of conclusions about whether theology articulates generally accessible religious insights or is a tradition-specific discipline. Hence the volume reflects current debates in theology while analysing current models of the clinical encounter. Students, professionals, and scholars who find themselves at the intersection of theology and medicine will welcome these voices in an ongoing conversation
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  • 67
    ISBN: 9789401720410
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXII, 448 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 241
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Ontology ; Philosophy of mind ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Professor Donald Davidson is one of the most innovative and influential recent philosophers. Ranging over a variety of topics in the philosophy of language, philosophy of mind and epistemology, his system of thought is unified by his inquiries into the nature of interpretation and understanding the speech and behavior of others. Together with its introduction, Language, Mind and Epistemology examines Davidson's unified stance towards philosophy by joining American and European authors within a collection of essays, published here for the first time. The authors discuss the central topics in Davidson's latest philosophy: his holistic truth-theoretic stance towards meaning and understanding, the epistemology of interpretation and translation, the externalist viewpoint in epistemology, the anti-Cartesian approach in accounting for first person authority, the thesis of anomalous monism, and the holistic conception of the mental
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  • 68
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    ISBN: 9789401732741
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 382 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 156
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 156
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Genetic epistemology ; Regional planning ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Mathematics. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Ethnology. ; Culture.
    Kurzfassung: An understanding of developments in Arabic mathematics between the IXth and XVth century is vital to a full appreciation of the history of classical mathematics. This book draws together more than ten studies to highlight one of the major developments in Arabic mathematical thinking, provoked by the double fecondation between arithmetic and the algebra of al-Khwarizmi, which led to the foundation of diverse chapters of mathematics: polynomial algebra, combinatorial analysis, algebraic geometry, algebraic theory of numbers, diophantine analysis and numerical calculus. Thanks to epistemological analysis, and the discovery of hitherto unknown material, the author has brought these chapters into the light, proposes another periodization for classical mathematics, and questions current ideology in writing its history. Since the publication of the French version of these studies and of this book, its main results have been admitted by historians of Arabic mathematics, and integrated into their recent publications. This book is already a vital reference for anyone seeking to understand history of Arabic mathematics, and its contribution to Latin as well as to later mathematics. The English translation will be of particular value to historians and philosophers of mathematics and of science
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  • 69
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401108768
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 218 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Sociology of the Sciences 17
    Serie: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 17
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Technology Philosophy ; History ; Technology—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This is the first systematic examination of the contemporary and prior connections between technological progress and pessimism over the future. If the hallmark of the Enlightenment was a firm belief in technology as a principal instrument of universal progress, the hallmark of postmodernism may well be skepticism, even despair, over technology's role in shaping our world. This book incorporates the perspectives of historians, political scientists, philosophers, and literary scholars to illuminate the origins, evolution, and influence of technological pessimism and to evaluate its long-term prospects. The volume should appeal to specialists in technology studies and the history of ideas but also to general readers concerned with these dilemmas of technological progress
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  • 70
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401107785
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XV, 215 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées 140
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 140
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Medicine ; Chemistry ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion. ; Medicine—History. ; Culture—Study and teaching.
    Kurzfassung: The studies of sixteenth and seventeenth-century alchemy published in this volume were first presented as papers at a colloquium on `Alchemy and Chemistry' held at the Warburg Institute in 1989. The aim of the colloquium was to examine alchemy not as a self-contained tradition, but as an activity intimately connected with chemistry, medicine, philosophy and religion. The wide range of topics discussed by the different contributors shows clearly that a true understanding of alchemical texts demands that they be considered not only as a component of the pre-history of experimental science, but as manifestations of the very different forms of religious belief and philosophical views of nature held by the alchemists. Though alchemy has been widely regarded as the mere precursor of early chemistry, it is evident that the two disciplines in fact coexisted and were in certain cases practised independently. The chemical interpretation of nature is thus seen to occupy a central position in the philosophical and religious, as well as the scientific culture of the early-modern period. It is also essential to an understanding of human physiology and medicine and the early development of the corpuscular philosophy. Such a wide-ranging approach to chemical and alchemical studies aims to place them in their widest possible historical and philosophical context. The chronological and geographical limits of the present investigations were therefore designed to allow an in-depth study of a coherent body of works located within a short time span. The volume will therefore command the interest of both historians of science, as well as of students of intellectual and social history
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  • 71
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401582445
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 320 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Theology and Medicine 4
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; medicine Philosophy ; Medical ethics ; Religion (General) ; Ethics ; Bioethics. ; Religion. ; Medicine—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Despite reservoirs of moral discourse about duties in religious communities, professional caregiving traditions, and philosophical perspectives, the dominant moral language in contemporary biomedical ethics is that of `rights'. Duties to Others begins to correct this imbalance in our ethical language through theoretical expositions of the ideas of duty and of the `other', and by applied exemplifications of particular duties to identified others that arise in the context of health care. A pronounced multidisciplinary orientation informs this analysis of our moral call to respond to the needs of others. The essays in this volume offer a stimulating intellectual freshness through a continual engagement of theological, professional, and philosophical understandings of the duties that arise in our relationships with others in medicine, nursing, and social contexts. Duties to Others provides provocative challenges about the terrain of our moral world for both students and professionals in biomedical ethics, medicine, philosophy, and theology
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  • 72
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401108461
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 358 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 43
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Religion—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The contemporary revival of interest in the Sacred as a category of philosophico-religious reflection here finds a radical reversal of the traditional direction, taking the Sacred as the starting point of the itinerary toward the Divine. The wide variety of essays contained in this volume attempt to ground philosophy of the Sacred and the Divine in phenomenological evidence. Though employing different methodologies, the contributors register by and large the contribution of A-T. Tymieniecka's phenomenology of life in providing a significant 20th century vision for the accomplishment of this task. Its pursuit finds here expression in philosophical, historical, literary and political explorations leading to construing phenomenology of the Sacred as a prerequisite to the investigation of the Divine. The contributors to this extraordinary collection are: C. Bédard, A. Ales Bello, Gerard Bucher, D. Chidester, D. Conchi, M. Kronegger, S. Laycock, Ph. Liverziani, J.N. Mohanty, E. Moutsopoulos, A.M. Olson, Y. Park, G. Penzo, B. Ross, C. Osowiec Ruoff, Th. Ryba, J. Smith, A-T. Tymieniecka and E. Wyschogrod
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  • 73
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    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401745222
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 217 p) , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: International Institute of Philosophy / Institut International de Philosophie 1
    Serie: Philosophical Problems Today 1
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Philosophy—History. ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Volume 1 in the new series, Philosophical Problems Today, contains articles on standard problems in European and American philosophy. Quine writes on truth and discusses various difficulties connected with the clear definition of the correspondence theory of truth. Strawson, in his articles on individuals, disputes the empiricist test for the status of entity of object. Sufficient identity-conditions are satisfied by a much wider range of objects. The concept of meaning is further extended and differentiated in the article by Habermas on speech acts and actions. The notion of communicative action is central to his argument. The study of formalism, by Agazzi, is in an important sense also a study of meaning. Although for the most part developed within mathematics, formal ways of thinking have been a basic tenet within philosophy and science ever since Aristotle. In his article, Ricoeur observes that the present philosophy of history no longer engages in the speculative system building as presented in the philosophy of Hegel, Marx and Toynbee. Our philosophy of history is rather a critical reflection of various issues connected with the transmission of historical meaning
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  • 74
    ISBN: 9789401107686
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XV, 384 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 157
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 157
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Zygmunt Zawirski (1882--1948) -- one of the most eminent and original Polish philosophers -- belonged to the Lwow--Warsaw School (LWS) which left an indelible trace in logic, semiotics and philosophy of science. LSW was founded in 1895 by K. Twardowski, a disciple of Brentano, in the spirit of clarity, realism and analytic philosophy. LWS was more than 25 years older than the Vienna Circle (VC). This belies, inter alia, the not infrequently repeated statement that LWS was one of the many centers initiated by VC. The achievements of LWS in logic are well recognized, while those relating to philosophy of science are almost unknown. It is in order to fill this gap that some fragments of Zawirski's papers are presented, dealing mainly with causality, determinism, indeterminism and philosophical implications of relativity and quantum mechanics. His magnum opus `L'Evolution de la notion du temps' (Eugenio Rignano Prize, 1933) is devoted to time. It is one of the best books written on this subject, and by no means an obsolescent one. Zawirski took into account all the issues which are at present widely discussed. The real value of these achievements can be understood better today than by his contemporaries. For all those interested in philosophy of science and philosophy, and history of ideas
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  • 75
    ISBN: 9789401109123
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VI, 218 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 138
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 138
    Serie: Springer eBook Collection
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Jewish Christians and Christian Jews
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; History ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion. ; Jewish Christians Europe ; History ; Christianity and other religions Judaism ; Judaism Relations ; Christianity ; Europe Church history ; Christianity Related to ; Judaism ; History ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Judentum ; Christentum ; Geschichte 1450-1800 ; Judentum ; Christentum ; Geschichte
    Kurzfassung: The appearance of religious toleration combined with the intensification of the search for theological truth led to a unique phenomenon in early modern Europe: Jewish Christians and Christian Jews. These essays will demonstrate that the cross-fertilization of these two religions, which for so long had a tradition of hostility towards each other, not only affected developments within the two groups but in many ways foreshadowed the emergence of the Enlightenment and the evolution of modern religious freedom
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  • 76
    ISBN: 9789401111027
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (276p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Vienna Circle Collection 20
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; History ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Mathematical logic. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I The Historical Background -- II The Cultural Background -- III The Philosophical Atmosphere in Vienna -- IV Why the Circle invited me. The Theory of Curves and Dimension Theory -- V Vignettes of the Members of the Circle in 1927 -- VI Reminiscences of the Wittgenstein Family -- VII Ludwig Wittgenstein’s Austrian Dictionary -- VIII Wittgenstein’s Tractatus and the Early Circle -- IX On the Communication of Metaphysical Ideas. Wittgenstein’s Ontology -- X Wittgenstein, Brower, and the Circle -- XI Discussions in the Circle 1927–30 -- XII Poland and the Vienna Circle -- XIII The United States 1930–31 -- XIV Discussions in the Circle 1931–34 -- XV The Circle on Ethics -- XVI Moritz Schlick’s Final Years -- Memories of Kurt Gödel -- Index of Names.
    Kurzfassung: Karl Menger was born in Vienna on January 13, 1902, the only child of two gifted parents. His mother Hermione, nee Andermann (1870-1922), in addition to her musical abilities, wrote and published short stories and novelettes, while his father Carl (1840-1921) was the noted Austrian economist, one of the founders of marginal utility theory. A highly cultured man, and a liberal rationalist in the nine­ teenth century sense, the elder Menger had witnessed the defeat and humiliation of the old Austrian empire by Bismarck's Prussia, and the subsequent establishment under Prussian leadership of a militaristic, mystically nationalistic, state-capitalist German empire - in effect, the first modern "military-industrial complex. " These events helped frame in him a set of attitudes that he later transmitted to his son, and which included an appreciation of cultural attainments and tolerance and respect for cultural differences, com­ bined with a deep suspicion of rabid nationalism, particularly the German variety. Also a fascination with structure, whether artistic, scientific, philosophical, or theological, but a rejection of any aura of mysticism or mumbo-jumbo accompanying such structure. Thus the son remarked at least once that the archangels' chant that begins the Prolog im Himmel in Goethe's Faust was perhaps the most viii INTRODUCTION beautiful thing in the German language "but of course it doesn't mean anything.
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  • 77
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    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401724548
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (345 pages)
    Serie: Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook Ser. v.2
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 302
    Schlagwort(e): Electronic books
    Anmerkung: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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  • 78
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    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands | Dordrecht : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9789401110426
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xiv, 307 p) , ill
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics ; Humanities ; Logic. ; Computational linguistics. ; Artificial intelligence. ; Linguistics.
    Kurzfassung: This book sets out the foundations, methodology, and practice of a formal framework for the description of language. The approach embraces the trends of lexicalism and compositional semantics in computational linguistics, and theoretical linguistics more broadly, by developing categorial grammar into a powerful and extendable logic of signs. Taking Montague Grammar as its point of departure, the book explains how integration of methods from philosophy (logical semantics), computer science (type theory), linguistics (categorial grammar) and meta-mathematics (mathematical logic ) provides a categorial foundation with coverage including intensionality, quantification, featural polymorphism, domains and constraints. For the first time, the book systematises categorial thinking into a unified program which is at once both logically secured, and a practical tool for pure lexical grammar development with type-theoretic semantics. It should be of interest to all those active in computational linguistics and formal grammar and is suitable for use at advanced undergraduate, postgraduate, and research levels
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  • 79
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    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401583442
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 287 p) , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: European Studies in Philosophy of Medicine 1 47
    Serie: European Studies in Philosophy of Medicine 47
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; medicine Philosophy ; Medical ethics ; Public health ; Philosophy. ; Medicine—Philosophy. ; Political science. ; Bioethics.
    Kurzfassung: This volume brings together a number of scholarly studies on the definition, assessment and measurement of human quality of life. The book contains fundamental analyses of basic concepts such as welfare, wellbeing, happiness and quality of life itself, but contains also discussions on the application of such concepts for measuring purposes mainly in a health care context. Although the approach to these problems in the book is predominantly philosophical, there are also some studies which take a different, mainly sociological and medical, point of view. Most of the authors have a Scandinavian origin and their essays mirror the current debate on quality of life in northern Europe. The book however also contains contributions by distinguished scholars from the U.K., France, Italy and the Netherlands
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  • 80
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    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401117739
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (181 pages)
    Serie: Library of Rhetorics Ser. v.2
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 302.2
    Schlagwort(e): Communication.. ; Aesthetics.. ; Pragmatics ; Electronic books
    Anmerkung: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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  • 81
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    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401113960
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (246 pages)
    Serie: Recent Economic Thought Ser. v.34
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 302.35
    Schlagwort(e): Bureaucracy ; Electronic books
    Anmerkung: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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  • 82
    ISBN: 9789401582858
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (465 pages)
    Serie: Neuropsychology and Cognition Ser. v.6
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 302.2/244
    Schlagwort(e): Written communication ; Electronic books
    Anmerkung: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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  • 83
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    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401719865
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 316 p) , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 29
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Arabic languages ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Linguistics ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax. ; Oriental languages.
    Kurzfassung: The goals of this study are twofold. First, it investigates the internal structure of words and clauses in Standard Arabic (SA), in the light of recent developments of Government and Binding Theory (GB). Second, it argues for a specific theory of typological variation. SA morphology is essentially non-concatenative, but word formation is hierarchical. Unmarked word order is VS(O), but it alternates with SVO. Sentences are verbless as well as verbal. Arguments can be null. The rich and complex agreement system interacts significantly with word order, pronominal incorporation, and expletive structures. SA's productive Case system raises interesting issues for Case theory. The DP system exhibits intriguing complementary distributions between overt determiners, genitive complements, and possessive markers. Tense, Aspect, Modal, and negation properties interact in significant ways. Different Case checking strategies are licensed in the same functional domain. These descriptive ingredients, compared to those of Germanic and Romance in particular, provide new grounds for analyzing typologically related or non-related languages. Within the invariant system of principles and the set of parameter specifications provided by Universal Grammar, the burden of learning is placed on functional categories. A system of Multi-Valued Functional Parametrization is used to account for cross-linguistic variation. The focus of SA's `own' descriptive problems turns out to raise interesting comparative and theoretical questions. Issues are framed within the GB model, but unnecessary technicalities are avoided. The book is accessible to linguists and students broadly interested in general, Semitic, and Arabic linguistics, in addition to those concerned with the development of the GB field
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  • 84
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    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401114967
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Ausgabe: Sixth edition
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Kurzfassung: 1 Introduction -- 2 Growth and nutrition -- 3 Zygomycotina and Mastigomycotina -- 4 Ascomycotina -- 5 Basidiomycotina -- 6 Deuteromycotina -- 7 Dispersal in fungi -- 8 Fungal genetics -- 9 Ecology of saprotrophic fungi -- 10 Fungi as plant pathogens -- 11 Fungi as mutualistic symbionts -- 12 Fungi and human affairs -- Further reading: Books on fungi.
    Kurzfassung: This book has passed through a number of editions each involving some modifications while retaining the general character of the first. The most substantial changes occurred in the fifth (1983), but that is now out-of-date. Mycology has not been immune from the rapid evolution of biology in the past decade and the preparation was a long way beyond the capacity of the older writer (C.T.I.). So a younger one (H.J.H.) has collaborated with him. Substantial changes have been made throughout, particularly in relation to taxonomy but in general Chapters 1-7 have undergone relatively little revision. However, this is not true of Chapters 8-12 where the influence of the younger author is paramount. The basic idea of the book remains, namely to present fungi as living organisms profoundly affecting the lives of other kinds of living organisms, especially Man. Their study is of the greatest importance and what is more it is great fun. Many of the diagrams have been retained, but some have been redrawn and new ones added. Weare pleased to acknowledge the patience and artistic skills of Mrs Lindsay J. Wilson in producing these. Some coloured plates have also been introduced from photographs taken by H.J .H.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1 Introduction2 Growth and nutrition -- 3 Zygomycotina and Mastigomycotina -- 4 Ascomycotina -- 5 Basidiomycotina -- 6 Deuteromycotina -- 7 Dispersal in fungi -- 8 Fungal genetics -- 9 Ecology of saprotrophic fungi -- 10 Fungi as plant pathogens -- 11 Fungi as mutualistic symbionts -- 12 Fungi and human affairs -- Further reading: Books on fungi.
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  • 85
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401118682
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Ausgabe: Second Edition
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Schlagwort(e): Science (General)
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1 Sampling the Egg Population2 Sampling the Larval Population -- 3 Sampling the Adult Resting Population -- 4 Sampling Adults with Non-Attractant Traps -- 5 Sampling Adults by Animal Bait Catches and by Animal-Baited Traps -- 6 Sampling Adults with Carbon Dioxide Traps, Light-Traps, Visual Attraction Traps and Sound Traps -- 7 Sampling the Emerging Adult Population -- 8 Experimental Hut Techniques for Evaluating Insecticides -- 9 Mark-Recapture Techniques and Adult Dispersal -- 10 Estimation of the Mortalities of the Immature Stages and Adults -- 11 Indices of Association between Species and Species Diversity -- 12 Ecological and Statistical Publications -- Author Index -- Mosquito Species Index.
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9789401117692
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XII, 436 p) , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Linguistics ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics ; Psycholinguistics
    Kurzfassung: QUALICO has been held for the first time as an international conference to demonstrate the state of the art in quantitative linguistics. This domain of language study and research is gaining considerable interest due to recent advances in linguistic modelling, particularly in computational linguistics, cognitive science, and developments in mathematics like modern systems theory. Progress in hardware and software technology, together with ease of access to data and numerical processing, has provided new means of empirical data acquisition and the application of mathematical models of adequate complexity. This volume contains the papers read at QUALICO 91, and provides a representative overview of the state of the art in quantitative linguistic research
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1 Science and Linguistics2 Menzerath’s Law and the Constant Flow of Linguistic Information -- 3 Text as a Construct of Aggregations -- 4 Synergetic Linguistics -- 5 A Model of the Word Life Cycle -- 6 A Self-Organizing Lexical System in Hypertext -- 7 Repairs in a Connectionist Language-Production Model -- 8 A Methodology for Analyzing Terminological and Conceptual Differences in Language Use across Communities -- 9 Modelling the Distribution of Word Length: Some Methodological Problems -- 10 The Measurement of Morphosyntactic Properties: A First Attempt -- 11 An Algorithm for Automatic Grammatical Classes Definition -- 12 Methodological Aspects of the Categorization of a Middle French Corpus with a Computer-Assisted Text Analysis Software (SATO) -- 13 Proposal of a New ‘Constraint Measure’ for Text -- 14 Statistical Language Modelling Using a Cache Memory -- 15 Forming Word Classes by Statistical Clustering for Statistical Language Modelling -- 16 Probabilistic Scaling of Texts -- 17 Quantitative Evaluation of Language Independent Models -- 18 Statistical Experiments on Computer Talk -- 19 Multidimensional Scaling as a Dialectometrical Technique: Outline of a Research Project -- 20 Dialectometry: A Short Overview of the Principles and Practice of Quantitative Classification of Linguistic Atlas Data -- 21 A Statistical Approach for Phoneme-to-Grapheme Conversion -- 22 Synergetic Studies in Polish -- 23 Quantitative Linguistics and Histoire des mentalités: Gender Representation in the Trésor de la langue française, 1600-1950 -- 24 About Some Theoretical and Computational Interpretations of Chinese Phrase Structure Grammar (CPSG) -- 25 A Parallel Approach in Statistical Analysis of Unrestricted Corpora of Human Language -- 26 Correlational System of Verbal Features in English and German -- 27 Verb Patterns in the Polish Vocabulary and Texts -- Notes on Contributors -- Announcement: QUALICO-94.
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  • 87
    ISBN: 9789401734028
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (V, 223 p) , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
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    Schlagwort(e): Finance ; Social sciences ; Finance, Public. ; Political science.
    Kurzfassung: The Next 25 Years of Public Choice brings together the perspectives of many of the world's leading scholars of public choice on the present state of knowledge and the likely future course of scholarship on public choice and constitutional economy. This book presents material in a manner accessible to a wide educated readership and will be influential in guiding future research in this important field. It is directed at professional scholars of public choice, economics and political science, government officials, graduate students and anyone seriously interested in public policy. A distinguished group of internationally well-known scholars offer their own often far-reaching views on strengths and weaknesses in the current literature and pinpoint important avenues of research amenable to future research
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The next twenty-five years of public choicePublic Choice - What I hope for the next twenty-five years -- Health care, education and the cost disease: A looming crisis for public choice -- Public choice theory: Some items for a research agenda -- State and standards -- Toward a presumption of efficiency in politics -- Public choice after socialism -- Public choice in Italy -- Promising directions in public choice -- From economic imperialism to social science inspiration -- Low-cost decisions as a challenge to public choice -- Bioeconomics and the survival model: The economic lessons of evolutionary biology -- The shape of public choice to come: Some predictions and advice -- The future of Public Choice -- The reflections of a grump -- What do we mean by rationality? -- Epistemic choice and public choice -- Public choice: More of a branch or more of a sect? -- Ideology, “shirking”, and representation -- The next twenty-five years of Public Choice -- The impending transformation of public choice scholarship -- Some reflections on the next twenty-five years of public choice.
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  • 88
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    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401120609
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 195 p) , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Ontology ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: Scholars from all the continents have written articles to celebrate the seventieth birthday of Jan Srzednicki, a thinker still at the height of his powers. Srzednicki's scientific work alternates between problems of Austrian and German philosophy and questions of political philosophy. The papers published in this volume discuss topics of general philosophy, in the clear and deep style both of Srzednicki's own philosophical work and of the authors investigated in his writings (mainly Brentano and the Polish tradition of analytic philosophy). The topics developed pertain to the fields of epistemology (common sense, knowledge and objectivity, truth and perception) and of logic and philosophy of logic (paraconsistent logic, definition and duality)
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: G. E. Moore on Common Sense and the External WorldCrimes Against Common Sense -- Object and Objectivity -- Formal Qualities -- A Formal Analysis of Cognition and Knowledge -- Ostensive Definition as a Prototype of Real Definition -- Opposition, Obversion and Duality -- On a Sequence of Contradiction-Tolerating Logics -- On Truth -- Brentano on “Unconscious Consciousness” -- Kant’s Complaint of a Wretched Subterfuge -- Social Planning, Constitutionalism and Pluralistic Sequentialism -- Index of Names.
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  • 89
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    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401118422
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 238 p) , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
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    Schlagwort(e): Linguistics ; Semantics ; Humanities ; Applied linguistics. ; Semiotics. ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Volume I Studying the relation between knowledge and language, one may distinguish two different lines of inquiry, one focusing on language as a body of knowledge, the other on language as a vehicle of knowledge. Approaching language as a body of knowledge one faces questions concerning its structure, and the relation with other types of knowledge. One will ask, then, how language is acquired and to what extent the acquisition of language and the structure of the language faculty model relate to aspects of other cognitive capacities. If language is approached as a vehicle for knowledge, the question arises what enables linguistic entities to represent facts about the world? To what extent does this rely on conventional aspects of meanings? Is it possible for language, when used non-conventionally as in metaphors, to convey intersubjective knowledge? If so (and it does seem to be the case), one may wonder what makes this possible. This book investigates the role of conceptual structure in cognitive processes, exploring it from the perspectives of philosophy of language, linguistics, political philosophy, psychology, literary theory, aesthetics, and philosophy of science. Volume II
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Semantic Structures and Semantic PropertiesThe Combinatorial Structure of Thought: The Family of Causative Concepts -- Input Systems, Anaphora, Ellipsis and Operator Binding -- Conceptual Structure and its Relation to the Structure of Lexical Entries -- Lexical Mapping -- Obligatory Adjuncts and the Structure of Events -- Stage and Adjunct Predicates: Licensing and Structure in Secondary Predication Constructions -- Middle Constructions in Dutch and English -- Notes on Contributors -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
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  • 90
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    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401115049
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
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    Schlagwort(e): Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Kurzfassung: 1: Information management -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Spatial data systems -- 1.3 Decision making -- 1.4 Organisations and their objectives -- 1.5 The management of information -- 1.6 Information networks -- 1.7 Information systems -- 1.8 Geo-information systems -- 1.9 Spatial decision support systems -- 2: Data for geo-information systems -- 2.1 Data into information -- 2.2 Describing geographic location -- 2.3 Objects and hierarchies -- 2.4 Maps and cartographic representation -- 2.5 Considerations in using maps -- 2.6 Map-based geo-information systems -- 2.7 Data derived from spatial analysis -- 2.8 Address-based spatial information -- 2.9 Postcodes -- 2.10 Other spatial datasets -- 2.11 Attribute data -- 2.12 Metadata -- 3: Geo-information databases -- 3.1 Choosing the right data structure -- 3.2 Data structures and data models -- 3.3 Spatial data models -- 3.4 Spatial data structures -- 3.5 Problems of three dimensional data -- 3.6 Temporal data model -- 3.7 Database management systems -- 3.8 Physical and logical database design -- 3.9 DBMS structures -- 3.10 Standard query language (SQL) -- 3.11 Object-oriented databases -- 4: Integrated approaches to GIS -- 4.1 Benefits of information integration -- 4.2 Integrated data models -- 4.3 Information networks -- 4.4 Integration with existing databases -- 4.5 Open systems environment -- 4.6 Integration frameworks -- 4.7 Corporate solutions -- 4.8 Organisational issues -- 4.9 Implementation strategies -- 4.10 Benefits and costs -- 5: Low cost spatial information systems -- 5.1 Low cost strategies -- 5.2 Development of the microcomputer -- 5.3 Availability of software -- 5.4 Developing technologies -- 5.5 Stand alone solutions -- 5.6 Network solutions -- 5.7 Data availability -- 5.8 Human resourcing issues -- 5.9 Implementation issues -- 5.10 Low cost GIS users -- 6: Copyright and legal issues -- 6.1 Who owns the data? -- 6.2 Law related to information -- 6.3 Access to information -- 6.4 Data ownership and copyright -- 6.5 Added value information -- 6.6 Liability and GIS -- 6.7 Accuracy of information -- 6.8 Inappropriate map usage -- 6.9 Data availability and government policy -- 7: Standards for spatial information -- 7.1 The role of standards -- 7.2 Standards organisations -- 7.3 Data transfer standards -- 7.4 UK National Transfer Format -- 7.5 US Spatial Data Transfer Standard -- 7.6 DIGEST -- 7.7 ASRP Raster Standard -- 7.8 Other standards -- 7.9 Importance of standards -- 8: Analysis functions in GIS -- 8.1 Analysis in GIS -- 8.2 Manipulation versus analysis -- 8.3 Query and manipulation in integrated solutions -- 8.4 Statistical analysis -- 8.5 Modelling of spatial data -- 8.6 Models for managing derived data -- 8.7 Metadatabases and data dictionaries -- 8.8 Developing operating procedures for analytical processes -- 9: Graphical user interfaces -- 9.1 Human-computer interface -- 9.2 User-friendly GIS -- 9.3 Generic interface types -- 9.4 User interfaces for decision support systems -- 9.5 GIS-independent user interfaces -- 9.6 Specific applications of graphical user interfaces -- 9.7 Issues of communication -- 9.8 Help facilities -- 10: Visualisation -- 10.1 Cartographic visualisation -- 10.2 Perception and patterns -- 10.3 Map design issues -- 10.4 Colour and symbolisation -- 10.5 Typology and text placement -- 10.6 Interactive map specifications -- 10.7 Scientific visualisation -- 10.8 Terrain representation -- 10.9 Three dimensional visualisation -- 10.10 Perspective cartography -- 10.11 Visualisaton of temporal information -- 10.12 Virtual reality -- 11: Image-based spatial information systems -- 11.1 Image-based information systems -- 11.2 Vertical aerial photography -- 11.3 Photogrammetric data collection -- 11.4 Recent technical advances -- 11.5 Photo interpretation -- 11.6 Orthophotos -- 11.7 Digital photogrammetry -- 11.8 Seamless aerial photography -- 11.9 Changing role of aerial photography in GIS -- 11.10 Remote sensing -- 11.11 Image analysis -- 11.12 Role of remote sensing -- 11.13 Integrated image-based systems -- 12: Multimedia and hypermaps -- 12.1 The multimedia concept -- 12.2 Multimedia data -- 12.3 Digital video -- 12.4 Sound -- 12.5 Animation -- 12.6 Hypertext concept -- 12.7 Hyperdocuments -- 12.8 Hypertext user interfaces -- 12.9 Hypermaps -- 12.10 Cartographic representation in multimedia -- 12.11 Integrated geo-based multimedia solutions -- Appendix A: Acronyms -- Appendix B: A summary of the main GIS and related software that has been developed for microcomputers.
    Kurzfassung: This book was inspired by the revolution in geographical information systems during the late 1970s and 1980s which introduced to many the concept of computer-based information systems for spatially referenced data. The map, the aerial photograph and the satellite image were wedded to a database of textual information through the rapidly developing technology of powerful graphics workstations. This brought the skills of the geographer to a wide range of disciplines and specialists. But this book is not about the basic concepts of geographical information systems themselves. It is not about hardware or software per se, nor the integral concepts of geo-referenced data handling built into such systems; these are to be found in a growing number of introductory texts on the subject. Instead the focus of this book is on of geo-information management. the much wider issues While an understanding of the systems, their capabilities and limitations is necessary, of greater importance to the long term application of geographical understanding to problem solving is the wider context of information handling. Spatial data are becoming increasingly important in understanding the issues that confront the world. Chapter 1 is a discussion of the general issues which relate to management and information systems. It concludes with review of spatial decision support systems which are of increasing importance to the GIS community.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1: Information management1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Spatial data systems -- 1.3 Decision making -- 1.4 Organisations and their objectives -- 1.5 The management of information -- 1.6 Information networks -- 1.7 Information systems -- 1.8 Geo-information systems -- 1.9 Spatial decision support systems -- 2: Data for geo-information systems -- 2.1 Data into information -- 2.2 Describing geographic location -- 2.3 Objects and hierarchies -- 2.4 Maps and cartographic representation -- 2.5 Considerations in using maps -- 2.6 Map-based geo-information systems -- 2.7 Data derived from spatial analysis -- 2.8 Address-based spatial information -- 2.9 Postcodes -- 2.10 Other spatial datasets -- 2.11 Attribute data -- 2.12 Metadata -- 3: Geo-information databases -- 3.1 Choosing the right data structure -- 3.2 Data structures and data models -- 3.3 Spatial data models -- 3.4 Spatial data structures -- 3.5 Problems of three dimensional data -- 3.6 Temporal data model -- 3.7 Database management systems -- 3.8 Physical and logical database design -- 3.9 DBMS structures -- 3.10 Standard query language (SQL) -- 3.11 Object-oriented databases -- 4: Integrated approaches to GIS -- 4.1 Benefits of information integration -- 4.2 Integrated data models -- 4.3 Information networks -- 4.4 Integration with existing databases -- 4.5 Open systems environment -- 4.6 Integration frameworks -- 4.7 Corporate solutions -- 4.8 Organisational issues -- 4.9 Implementation strategies -- 4.10 Benefits and costs -- 5: Low cost spatial information systems -- 5.1 Low cost strategies -- 5.2 Development of the microcomputer -- 5.3 Availability of software -- 5.4 Developing technologies -- 5.5 Stand alone solutions -- 5.6 Network solutions -- 5.7 Data availability -- 5.8 Human resourcing issues -- 5.9 Implementation issues -- 5.10 Low cost GIS users -- 6: Copyright and legal issues -- 6.1 Who owns the data? -- 6.2 Law related to information -- 6.3 Access to information -- 6.4 Data ownership and copyright -- 6.5 Added value information -- 6.6 Liability and GIS -- 6.7 Accuracy of information -- 6.8 Inappropriate map usage -- 6.9 Data availability and government policy -- 7: Standards for spatial information -- 7.1 The role of standards -- 7.2 Standards organisations -- 7.3 Data transfer standards -- 7.4 UK National Transfer Format -- 7.5 US Spatial Data Transfer Standard -- 7.6 DIGEST -- 7.7 ASRP Raster Standard -- 7.8 Other standards -- 7.9 Importance of standards -- 8: Analysis functions in GIS -- 8.1 Analysis in GIS -- 8.2 Manipulation versus analysis -- 8.3 Query and manipulation in integrated solutions -- 8.4 Statistical analysis -- 8.5 Modelling of spatial data -- 8.6 Models for managing derived data -- 8.7 Metadatabases and data dictionaries -- 8.8 Developing operating procedures for analytical processes -- 9: Graphical user interfaces -- 9.1 Human-computer interface -- 9.2 User-friendly GIS -- 9.3 Generic interface types -- 9.4 User interfaces for decision support systems -- 9.5 GIS-independent user interfaces -- 9.6 Specific applications of graphical user interfaces -- 9.7 Issues of communication -- 9.8 Help facilities -- 10: Visualisation -- 10.1 Cartographic visualisation -- 10.2 Perception and patterns -- 10.3 Map design issues -- 10.4 Colour and symbolisation -- 10.5 Typology and text placement -- 10.6 Interactive map specifications -- 10.7 Scientific visualisation -- 10.8 Terrain representation -- 10.9 Three dimensional visualisation -- 10.10 Perspective cartography -- 10.11 Visualisaton of temporal information -- 10.12 Virtual reality -- 11: Image-based spatial information systems -- 11.1 Image-based information systems -- 11.2 Vertical aerial photography -- 11.3 Photogrammetric data collection -- 11.4 Recent technical advances -- 11.5 Photo interpretation -- 11.6 Orthophotos -- 11.7 Digital photogrammetry -- 11.8 Seamless aerial photography -- 11.9 Changing role of aerial photography in GIS -- 11.10 Remote sensing -- 11.11 Image analysis -- 11.12 Role of remote sensing -- 11.13 Integrated image-based systems -- 12: Multimedia and hypermaps -- 12.1 The multimedia concept -- 12.2 Multimedia data -- 12.3 Digital video -- 12.4 Sound -- 12.5 Animation -- 12.6 Hypertext concept -- 12.7 Hyperdocuments -- 12.8 Hypertext user interfaces -- 12.9 Hypermaps -- 12.10 Cartographic representation in multimedia -- 12.11 Integrated geo-based multimedia solutions -- Appendix A: Acronyms -- Appendix B: A summary of the main GIS and related software that has been developed for microcomputers.
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  • 91
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    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401180900
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
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    Schlagwort(e): Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Kurzfassung: 1 Fundamentals For All Capacitors -- Application Information -- 2 Ceramic Capacitors -- Application Information -- 3 Plastic Film Capacitors -- Application Information -- 4 Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors -- Production Technology -- Electro-mechanical Considerations -- 5 Tantalum Capacitors -- Tantalum Foil Style -- Wet Tantalum Style -- Solid Tantalum Style -- Application Information -- 6 Glass Capacitors -- Application Information -- 7 Mica Capacitors -- Application Information -- Appendix A Capacitor Selection Guidelines -- Ceramic -- Paper/Plastic Dielectric -- Aluminum Electrolytic -- Tantalum Electrolytic -- Glass -- Mica -- Trimmer Capacitors -- Appendix B Equations and Symbol Definitions -- Basic Capacitor Formulas -- Metric Prefixes -- Symbols.
    Kurzfassung: A long and varied experience in many areas of electronic circuit design has convinced me that capacitors are the most misunderstood and misused electronic component. This book provides practical guidance in the understanding, construction, use, and application of capacitors. Theory, combined with circuit application advice, will help to under­ stand what goes on in each component and in the final design. All chapters are arranged with the theory of the dielectric type discussed first, followed by circuit application information. With all chapters arranged in the same manner, this will make reading and using this book for reference easier. A practical glossary of terms used in the capacitor industry is included. The first chapter covers basic information that applies to all types of capacitors. Each following chapter addresses a different capacitor dielectric. This book could have been titled: 'Everything You Wanted To Know About Capacitors, But Were Afraid To Ask .. .' ix Preface THE CAPACITOR HANDBOOK Chapter 1 Fundamentals For All Capacitors For all practical purposes, consider only the parallel plate capacitor as illustrated in Fig. 1.1-two conductors or electrodes separated by a dielectric material of uniform thickness. The conductors can be any material that will conduct electricity easily. The dielectric must be a poor conductor-an insulator. Conductor (Electrode) Dielectric ,;~;...--~ Conductor (Electrode) 1..-----Wire to Outside World Fig. 1.1 The Parallel-Plate Capacitor Fig. 1.2 illustrates the symbol for a capacitor used in schematic diagrams of electronic circuits. The symbol resembles a parallel-plate model.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1 Fundamentals For All CapacitorsApplication Information -- 2 Ceramic Capacitors -- Application Information -- 3 Plastic Film Capacitors -- Application Information -- 4 Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors -- Production Technology -- Electro-mechanical Considerations -- 5 Tantalum Capacitors -- Tantalum Foil Style -- Wet Tantalum Style -- Solid Tantalum Style -- Application Information -- 6 Glass Capacitors -- Application Information -- 7 Mica Capacitors -- Application Information -- Appendix A Capacitor Selection Guidelines -- Ceramic -- Paper/Plastic Dielectric -- Aluminum Electrolytic -- Tantalum Electrolytic -- Glass -- Mica -- Trimmer Capacitors -- Appendix B Equations and Symbol Definitions -- Basic Capacitor Formulas -- Metric Prefixes -- Symbols.
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  • 92
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    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401582421
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 388 p) , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 229
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Logic ; Computational linguistics ; Mathematical logic.
    Kurzfassung: The papers collected in this volume, most of them derived from presentations at the Amsterdam Seminar on Intensional Logic, report recent work in pure and applied intensional logic, and are written by researchers from philosophical and mathematical logic, artificial intelligence and computational linguistics. Most of the contributions deal with modal or temporal logic, either as a topic or as a tool. Another major theme in the book may be described as `representing changing information'. The papers constitute an important collection, addressing issues that have received a good deal of attention in recent years. The volume is aimed at researchers and students in logic, both pure and applied, and artificial intelligence. It is also of interest to philosophers and computational linguists
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  • 93
    ISBN: 9789401118941
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VI, 119 p) , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
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    Schlagwort(e): Social sciences ; History ; Sociology. ; Political science.
    Kurzfassung: The Handbook of Democratic Government is the first compact and comprehensive data collection for 20 countries which simultaneously provides comparative and complete information on the composition of governments. Parties, ministries, portfolios, ministers and parliamentary support are listed, as well as duration, type of government and reasons for termination. The data are organised in such a manner that every researcher can use them as a basic data set, ready to be transformed according to the particular needs dictated by the research undertaken. Various levels of analysis are possible, both cross-nationally and across time, ranging from individual ministers and separate ministries to specific parties, governments or countries. Given its format, the data set is also a very useful background to the special annual issue of the European Journal of Political Research: Political Data Yearbook. It will save researchers in the field of comparative politics valuable time as it can be utilised in connection with, or in addition to other data sources
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1 Introduction2 Government in Parliamentary Democracies -- 2.1 The Choice of Countries and Period under Investigation -- 2.2 Parties, Ministries and Party Control of Government -- 2.3 What is a Government and how long does it last? -- 2.4 Ministers and the Distribution of Offices & Competences -- 3 Operationalisation: Conceptual Validity and Data Reliability -- 4 Glossary of Format of Data Set and Structure of Presentation -- References -- The Stability of Parliamentary Democracies. Duration,Type and Termination of Governments.
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  • 94
    ISBN: 9789401115742
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Schlagwort(e): Science (General)
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1 Introductory concepts1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Range of applications -- 1.3 Types of data -- 1.4 Known constants and parameters -- 1.5 Assumptions -- 1.6 Fundamental concept -- 1.7 Detection -- 1.8 History of methods -- 1.9 Program DISTANCE -- 2 Assumptions and modelling philosophy -- 2.1 Assumptions -- 2.2 Fundamental models -- 2.3 Philosophy and strategy -- 2.4 Robust models -- 2.5 Some analysis guidelines -- 3 Statistical theory -- 3.1 General formula -- 3.2 Hazard-rate modelling of the detection process -- 3.3 The key function formulation for distance data -- 3.4 Maximum likelihood methods -- 3.5 Choice of model -- 3.6 Estimation for clustered populations -- 3.7 Density, variance and interval estimation -- 3.8 Stratification and covariates -- 4 Line transects -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Example data -- 4.3 Truncation -- 4.4 Estimating the variance in sample size -- 4.5 Analysis of grouped or ungrouped data -- 4.6 Model selection -- 4.7 Estimation of density and measures of precision -- 4.8 Estimation when the objects are in clusters -- 4.9 Assumptions -- 4.10 Summary -- 5 Point transects -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Example data -- 5.3 Truncation -- 5.4 Estimating the variance in sample size -- 5.5 Analysis of grouped or ungrouped data -- 5.6 Model selection -- 5.7 Estimation of density and measures of precision -- 5.8 Estimation when the objects are in clusters -- 5.9 Assumptions -- 5.10 Summary -- 6 Extensions and related work -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Other models -- 6.3 Modelling variation in encounter rate and cluster size -- 6.4 Estimation of the probability of detection on the line or point -- 6.5 On the concept of detection search effort -- 6.6 Fixed versus random sample size -- 6.7 Efficient simulation of distance data -- 6.8 Thoughts about a full likelihood approach -- 6.9 Distance sampling in three dimensions -- 6.10 Cue counting -- 6.11 Trapping webs -- 6.12 Migration counts -- 6.13 Point-to-object and nearest neighbour methods -- 7 Study design and field methods -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Survey design -- 7.3 Searching behaviour -- 7.4 Measurements -- 7.5 Training observers -- 7.6 Field methods for mobile objects -- 7.7 Field methods when detection on the centerline is not certain -- 7.8 Field comparisons between line transects, point transects and mapping censuses -- 7.9 Summary -- 8 Illustrative examples -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Lake Huron brick data -- 8.3 Wooden stake data -- 8.4 Studies of nest density -- 8.5 Fin whale abundance in the North Atlantic -- 8.6 Use of tuna vessel observer data to assess trends in abundance of dolphins -- 8.7 House wren densities in South Platte River bottomland -- 8.8 Songbird surveys in Arapaho National Wildlife Refuge -- 8.9 Assessing the effects of habitat on density -- Appendix A List of common and scientific names cited -- Appendix B Notation and abbreviations, and their definitions.
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  • 95
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    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401114929
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Ausgabe: Edition 1
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
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    Schlagwort(e): Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Kurzfassung: One: Directory Section -- Glass Fibre Materials for the Composites Industry -- Glass Fibre Materials Other Than for the Composites Industry -- Optical Fibres & Cables -- Two: Data Section -- Section 1: Continuous Filament Yarns -- Glass Fibre Materials for the Composites Industry -- Section 2: Reinforcements for Thermosets -- Section 3: Reinforcements for Thermoplastics -- Section 4: Reinforcements for Cement & Gypsum -- Section 5: Tissues, Surfacing Veils, Mats & Fabrics -- Glass Fibre Materials Other Than for the Composites Industry -- Section 6: Filtration Materials -- Section 7: Insulation Materials -- Section 8: Glass Fibre Fabrics for Printed Circuit Boards -- Section 9: Miscellaneous Materials -- Materials for the Optical Fibre Industry -- Section 10: Fibres -- Section 11: Fibre Cables -- Section 12: Optical Fibre Cable Support Members -- Late Entries -- Index to Advertisers.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: One: Directory SectionGlass Fibre Materials for the Composites Industry -- Glass Fibre Materials Other Than for the Composites Industry -- Optical Fibres & Cables -- Two: Data Section -- Section 1: Continuous Filament Yarns -- Glass Fibre Materials for the Composites Industry -- Section 2: Reinforcements for Thermosets -- Section 3: Reinforcements for Thermoplastics -- Section 4: Reinforcements for Cement & Gypsum -- Section 5: Tissues, Surfacing Veils, Mats & Fabrics -- Glass Fibre Materials Other Than for the Composites Industry -- Section 6: Filtration Materials -- Section 7: Insulation Materials -- Section 8: Glass Fibre Fabrics for Printed Circuit Boards -- Section 9: Miscellaneous Materials -- Materials for the Optical Fibre Industry -- Section 10: Fibres -- Section 11: Fibre Cables -- Section 12: Optical Fibre Cable Support Members -- Late Entries -- Index to Advertisers.
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  • 96
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    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401118408
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 272 p) , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Linguistics ; Semantics ; Humanities ; Applied linguistics. ; Semiotics. ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Volume I Studying the relation between knowledge and language, one may distinguish two different lines of inquiry, one focusing on language as a body of knowledge, the other on language as a vehicle of knowledge. Approaching language as a body of knowledge one faces questions concerning its structure, and the relation with other types of knowledge. One will ask, then, how language is acquired and to what extent the acquisition of language and the structure of the language faculty model relate to aspects of other cognitive capacities. If language is approached as a vehicle for knowledge, the question arises what enables linguistic entities to represent facts about the world? To what extent does this rely on conventional aspects of meanings? Is it possible for language, when used non-conventionally as in metaphors, to convey intersubjective knowledge? If so (and it does seem to be the case), one may wonder what makes this possible. This book investigates the role of conceptual structure in cognitive processes, exploring it from the perspectives of philosophy of language, linguistics, political philosophy, psychology, literary theory, aesthetics, and philosophy of science. Volume II
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Reflections on Knowledge and LanguageMental Constructions and Social Reality -- Some Reflections on Our Sceptical Crisis -- The “Least Effort” Principle in Child Grammar: Choosing a Marked Parameter -- The Emergence of Bound Variable Structures -- Categories in the Parameters Perspective: Null Subjects and V-to-I -- Linguistic Theory and Language Acquisition Facts: Reformulation, Maturation or Invariance of Binding Principles -- Universal Grammar and Learnability Theory: The Case of Binding Domains and the ‘Subset Principle’ -- The Subset Principle Is an Intensional Principle -- Lexical Access in Speech Production -- Notes on Contributors -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
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  • 97
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    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401733779
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 164 p) , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Mathematics ; Mathematics—Study and teaching .
    Kurzfassung: The Legacy of Freudenthal pays homage to Freudenthal and his work on mathematics, its history and education. Almost all authors were his scholars or co-workers. They testify to what they learned from him. Freudenthal himself contributes posthumously. His didactical phenomenology of the concept of force is both provocative and revealing in its originality, compared with what is usually found in physics instruction. Freudenthal is portrayed as a universal human being by Josette Adda. He made considerable contributions to mathematics itself, e.g. on homotopy theory and Lie groups in geometry. The exposition of Freudenthal's mathematical life and work is on Van Est's account. Henk Bos discusses his historical work. The essay review of the 8th edition of Hilbert's Grundlagen der Geometrie serves as a vehicle of thought. The main part of the book, however, concerns Freudenthal's work on mathematics education. Christine Keitel reviews his final book Revisiting Mathematics Education (1991). Fred Goffree describes Freudenthal's `Working on Mathematics Education' both from an historical as well as a theoretical perspective. Adrian Treffers analyses Freudenthal's influence on the development of realistic mathematics education at primary level in the Netherlands, especially his influence on the Wiskobas-project of the former IOWO. Freudenthal once predicted the disappearance of mathematics as an individual subject in education sometime around the year 2000, because it would by then have merged with integrated thematic contexts. Jan de Lange anticipates this future development and shows that Freudenthal's prediction will not come true after all. Reflective interludes unveil how he might have influenced those developments. Freudenthal contributed a wealth of ideas and conceptual tools to the development of mathematics education -- on contexts, didactical phenomenology, guided reinvention, mathematisation, the constitution of mental objects, the development of reflective thinking, levels in learning processes, the development of a mathematical attitude and so on -- but he did not design very much concrete material. Leen Streefland deals with the question of design from a theoretical point of view, while applying Freudenthal's ideas on changing perspective and shifting. For teachers, researchers, mathematics educators, mathematicians, educationalists, psychologists and policy makers
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Une lumière s’est éteinte. H. Freudenthal - Homo UniversalisHF: Working on Mathematics Education -- ‘The Bond with Reality is Cut’ - Freudenthal on the Foundations of Geometry around 1900 -- Hans Freudenthal (17 September 1905-13 October 1990) -- Thoughts on Teaching Mechanics. Didactical Phenomenology of the Concept of Force -- Wiskobas and Freudenthal: Realistic Mathematics Education -- The Design of a Mathematics Course. A Theoretical Reflection -- Between End and Beginning. Mathematics Education for 12-16 Year Olds: 1987-2002 -- Hans Freudenthal, Revisting Mathematics Education. China Lecturers, Mathematics Education Library, Volume 9, 1991.
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  • 98
    ISBN: 9789401091763
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Schlagwort(e): Science (General)
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: One: Precision and Accuracy in Studies of Climatic Change and Human Impact1 Precision, concepts, controversies: Alan Smith’s contributions to vegetational history and palaeoecology -- 2 Forward to the past: changing approaches to Quaternary palaeoecology -- 3 Radiocarbon dating and the palynologist: a realistic approach to precision and accuracy -- 4 Great oaks from little acorns..: precision and accuracy in Irish dendrochronology -- Two: Climatic Change on the Landscape -- 5 Peat bogs as sources of proxy climatic data: past approaches and future research -- 6 Forest response to Holocene climatic change: equilibrium or non-equilibrium -- 7 Isolating the climatic factors in early- and mid-Holocene palaeobotanical records from Scotland -- 8 Radiocarbon dating of arctic-alpine palaeosols and the reconstruction of Holocene palaeoenvironmental change -- Three: Evidence for Human Impact -- 9 Earliest palynological records of human impact on the world’s vegetation -- 10 Vegetation change during the Mesolithic in the British Isles: some amplifications -- 11 The development of high moorland on Dartmoor: fire and the influence of Mesolithic activity on vegetation change -- 12 Models of mid-Holocene forest farming for north-west Europe -- 13 The influence of human communities on the English chalklands from the Mesolithic to the Iron Age: the molluscan evidence -- 14 Mesolithic, early Neolithic, and later prehistoric impacts on vegetation at a riverine site in Derbyshire, England -- 15 Holocene (Flandrian) vegetation change and human activity in the Carneddau area of upland mid-Wales -- 16 Early land use and vegetation history at Derryinver Hill, Renvyle Peninsula, Co. Galway, Ireland -- Four: Climatic Change and Human Impact: Relationship and Interaction -- 17 Rapid early-Holocene migration and high abundance of hazel (Corylus avellana L.): alternative hypotheses -- 18 The origin of blanket mire, revisited -- 19 Climatic change and human impact during the late Holocene in northern Britain -- 20 Palaeoecology of floating bogs and landscape change in the Great Lakes drainage basin of North America -- 21 Late Quaternary climatic change and human impact: commentary and conclusions -- References.
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  • 99
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    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401118446
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 213 p) , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Semantics ; Aesthetics ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Metaphor lies at the heart of the contemporary debate in aesthetics, semantics and the philosophy of science. It is generally recognised now that metaphor is not an obfuscation of the truth (as so many philosophers since Plato have argued); on the contrary, it is essential that we consider metaphor if we strive for an optimal understanding of how truth is gained both in science and in our everyday dealings with reality. Hence, metaphor is not of interest only for the literary theorists, but for all those who wish to understand science and how to grasp the structure of our social world. This volume presents eleven essays on the role of metaphor in philosophy, poetry, semiotics, art, literary criticism, economics, medical science and in political theory. Through the use of metaphor, the contributors provide a unique and exciting picture of these disciplines
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: I: Metaphor and TruthMetaphor and Cognition -- Truth and Metaphor -- Models, Metaphors and Truth -- Metaphor and Truth: A Liberal Approach -- Poetry, Knowledge, and Metaphor -- On the Way to Conceptual and Perceptual Knowledge -- II: The Uses of Metaphor -- Metaphor and Painting -- The Confused God: About a Metaphor in Literary Semiotics -- Economics and Language -- Metaphor in 19th-Century Medicine -- Metaphor in Political Theory -- List of Contributors -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
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  • 100
    ISBN: 9789401116640
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (365 p) , online resource
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy, medieval ; Philosophy. ; Religion. ; International law.
    Kurzfassung: In this collection of articles, Kari Elisabeth Børresen and Kari Vogt point out the convergence of androcentric gender models in the Christian and Islamic traditions. They provide extensive surveys of recent research in women's studies, with bio-socio-cultural genderedness as their main analytical category. Matristic writers from late Antiquity, the Middle Ages and the Renaissance are analysed in terms of a female God language, reshaping traditional theology. The persisting androcentrism of 20th-century Christianity and Islam, as displayed in institutional documents promoting women's specific functions, is critically exposed. This volume presents a pioneering investigation of correlated Christian and Islamic gender models which has hitherto remained uncompared by women's studies in religion. This work will serve scholars and students in the humanistic disciplines of theology, religious studies, Islamic studies, history of ideas, Medieval philosophy and women's history
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: I Survey of recent researchWomen’s Studies of the Christian Tradition -- Etudes relatives aux femmes et à leer rôle dans les cultures musulmanes du VIIeau XVesiècle -- II Matristics: Late Antique, Early Christian and Islamic Foremothers -- “The Hierophant of Philosophy” - Hypatia of Alexandria -- La moniale folle du monistère des Tabennésiotes -- The Desert Mothers: Female Asceticism in Egypt from the 4th to the 6th Century -- “Becoming Male”: a Gnostic, Early Christian and Islamic Metaphor -- III Matristics: Mothers of the Church -- Ancient and Medieval Church Mothers -- Birgitta of Sweden: a Model of Theological Inculturation -- Julian of Norwich: a Model of Feminist Theology -- Caritas Pirckheimer et Vittoria Colonna -- IV Féminologie institutionelle -- Image ajustée, typologie arrêtée: Analyse critique deMulieris dignitatem -- Catholicisme et Islam: Une réthorique apologétique commune à propos de la femme.
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