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  • 2010-2014  (523)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (523)
  • Education  (523)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264300255
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD skills strategy diagnostic report
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Bildungswesen ; Bildungspolitik ; Weiterbildung ; Österreich ; Education ; Employment ; Austria ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Skills are central to Austria’s future prosperity and the well-being of its people. The OECD Skills Strategy Diagnostic Report: Austria identifies 14 skills challenges for Austria. The project and this report build on both the insights from workshops as well as latest international comparative analysis from OECD and national sources. The report provides cases illustrating how other countries have tackled similar challenges, which can be used as input to potential policy options on how to tackle these challenges. The challenges are described under each of the main pillars of the OECD Skills Strategy. The first 11 challenges refer to specific outcomes across the three pillars of developing, activating and using skills. The next three challenges refer to the “enabling” conditions which strengthen the overall skills system. Success in tackling these skills challenges will boost performance across the whole skills system.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264204126
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (134 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Survey of Adult Skills; Reader's Companion
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: La révolution technologique amorcée au cours des dernières décennies du XXe siècle a modifié presque toutes les facettes de notre vie au XXIe siècle. Les services de transport et de communication ont gagné en rapidité et en efficacité, et facilitent désormais les déplacements partout dans le monde des personnes, des marchandises, des services et des capitaux, entraînant la mondialisation des économies. Ces mutations sociales et économiques ont, à leur tour, fait évoluer la demande de compétences. Alors que l’automatisation gagne sans cesse le secteur industriel et certaines tâches peu qualifiées, les besoins en aptitudes cognitives routinières et en savoir-faire artisanal vont en diminuant, tandis que les compétences en traitement de l’information et d’autres aptitudes cognitives et compétences interpersonnelles de haut niveau sont toujours plus prisées. L’Évaluation des compétences des adultes, lancée dans le cadre du Programme pour l’évaluation internationale des compétences des adultes (PIAAC), vise à fournir un nouvel éclairage sur le rôle de certaines de ces compétences clés dans la société et sur leur utilisation dans le cadre privé et professionnel. Elle mesure directement la maîtrise de plusieurs compétences en traitement de l’information : la littératie, la numératie et la résolution de problèmes dans des environnements à forte composante technologique. Accompagnant les Perspectives de l’OCDE sur les compétences 2013 : Premiers résultats de l’Évaluation des compétences des adultes, ce manuel passe en revue la conception et la méthodologie de l’évaluation, et ses relations avec d’autres évaluations internationales menées auprès des jeunes étudiants et des adultes.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264174825
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (182 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Financial education for youth
    DDC: 332
    RVK:
    Keywords: Finanzwissen ; Schule ; Schüler ; Unterricht ; Jugendliche ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Finance and Investment ; Schüler ; Finanzwirtschaft ; Bildung ; OECD
    Abstract: The importance of financial literacy and specifically the need to promote financial education has been recognised as an important contributor to improved financial inclusion and individuals’ financial well-being as well as a support to financial stability. The relevance of financial education policies is acknowledged at the highest global policy level: in 2012, G20 Leaders endorsed the OECD/INFE High-level Principles on National Strategies for Financial Education that specifically identify youth as one of the priority targets of government policies in this domain. That same year, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Ministers of Finance identified financial literacy as a critical life skill. The publication addresses the challenges linked to the introduction of financial education in schools, and provides practical guidance and case studies to assist policy makers, and a comparative analysis of existing learning frameworks for financial education in the formal school system.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Series Statement: L'enseignement à la loupe no.8
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. What TALIS Reveals About Teachers Across Education Levels
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Le rapport New Insights from TALIS 2013: Teaching and Learning in Primary and Upper Secondary Education (Nouveaux éclairages de TALIS 2013 : Enseigner et apprendre dans le primaire et le deuxième cycle du secondaire [OCDE, 2014a]) offre une vue d’ensemble des enseignants et de l’enseignement dans le primaire et le deuxième cycle du secondaire pour une sélection de pays ayant participé en 2013 à l’Enquête internationale sur l’enseignement et l’apprentissage (TALIS) de l’OCDE. Les femmes représentent la majorité du corps enseignant dans la plupart des pays, et ce à tous les niveaux d’enseignement. Malgré ce constat et le fait que la plupart des chefs d’établissement soient d’anciens enseignants, les femmes sont nettement moins nombreuses parmi les chefs d’établissement, quel que soit le niveau d’enseignement. Les enseignants du primaire travaillent en général dans des établissements où les chefs d’établissement font plus souvent état, par comparaison avec le deuxième cycle du secondaire, d’un manque de matériel et/ou de personnel pouvant diminuer la capacité de leur établissement à offrir un enseignement de qualité. En outre, dans de nombreux pays, les établissements présentant un fort pourcentage d’élèves défavorisés sur le plan socio-économique font face à des pénuries de ressources clés plus importantes, ce qui vient s’ajouter au contexte déjà difficile dans lequel s’inscrivent les élèves et les enseignants de ces établissements.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264298781
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (203 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Bildungswesen ; Bildungspolitik ; Weiterbildung ; Norwegen ; Education ; Employment ; Norway ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Skills are central to Norway’s future prosperity and the well-being of its people. This diagnostic report identifies 12 skills challenges for Norway which were distilled from a series of interactive diagnostic workshops held in the course of 2013 with a wide range of stakeholders in Oslo, Buskerud County and Nordland County. The OECD Skills Strategy Diagnostic Report: Norway draws upon a wide range of OECD comparative data and analysis to illustrate each skills challenge and offers insights from the experience of other countries in tackling similar skills challenges. The first nine skills challenges refer to specific outcomes across the three pillars of developing, activating and using skills. The last three skills challenges refer to the “enabling” conditions which strengthen the overall skills system.
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Series Statement: Education Indicators in Focus no.27
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Quel avantage salarial le niveau de formation procure-t-il ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Rising levels of tertiary attainment seem not to have led to an “inflation” eroding the labour-market value of qualifications. However, tertiary graduates have the highest relative earnings advantage when they live in a country with low tertiary attainment rates. On average, compared to those with an upper secondary education, tertiary-educated adults earn about 1.6 times more than their peers, while individuals without an upper secondary education earn 24% less. Higher educational attainment and literacy skills increase earnings, but the advantages are more pronounced for men than for women and seem to increase as adults get older. The crisis has widened the wage gap between less educated and highly educated individuals: across OECD countries, the average difference in earnings from employment between these two groups increased from 75 percentage points in 2008 to 79 percentage points in 2012. Qualifications are more rewarded than skills: attaining a higher level of education has a stronger positive impact on earnings than better literacy proficiency.
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9789264214293
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (226 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: TALIS
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. TALIS 2013 Results; An International Perspective on Teaching and Learning
    DDC: 370
    Keywords: Education ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Comment les pays peuvent-ils préparer les enseignants à relever les différents défis des établissements d’enseignement d’aujourd’hui ? L’Enquête internationale sur l’enseignement et l’apprentissage (TALIS) de l’OCDE aide à répondre à cette question en interrogeant les enseignants et les chefs d’établissement sur leurs conditions de travail et l’environnement d’apprentissage dans leur établissement. En apportant des données précises, récentes et comparables, l’enquête TALIS a pour objectif d’aider les pays à élaborer et à améliorer leurs politiques, de manière à porter la profession d’enseignant au plus haut niveau de qualité. Pour les enseignants et les chefs d’établissement, elle représente une possibilité de contribuer à l’analyse et à la formulation de politiques d’éducation dans des domaines clés. Parmi les thèmes explorés figurent la formation continue, la direction d’établissement, les pratiques pédagogiques, le climat scolaire, les évaluations et les commentaires y afférents, la satisfaction professionnelle et le profil des enseignants. Le présent rapport synthétise les résultats de la deuxième édition de l’enquête TALIS, menée en 2013.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264221932
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. A Teachers' Guide to TALIS 2013; Teaching and Learning International Survey
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guide TALIS 2013 à l'intention des enseignants ; Enquête internationale sur l'enseignement et l'apprentissage
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Esta publicación no sólo presenta los principales resultados de TALIS 2013, también toma en cuenta dichos resultados y -respaldado por la literatura en investigación educativa y el volumen de trabajo de la OCDE en materia de educación- ofrece ideas y consejos a los profesores y los directores de centros educativos con el fin de que puedan mejorar los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje en sus escuelas. Es, a la vez, una guía propuesta por TALIS y un manual para la construcción de la excelencia en la enseñanza.
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264200579
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (115 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: La publication Panorama du PISA 2009 a été conçue pour accompagner les Résultats du PISA 2009, le rapport en six volumes du cycle d’enquête 2009 mené par le Programme international de l’OCDE pour le suivi des acquis des élèves (PISA). L’enquête PISA évalue dans quelle mesure les élèves proches de la fin de leur scolarité obligatoire ont acquis certains des savoirs et savoir-faire essentiels à leur pleine participation à nos sociétés modernes. Elle évalue tous les trois ans les compétences de jeunes de 15 ans en compréhension de l’écrit, en mathématiques et en sciences. Panorama du PISA 2009 offre des données facilement accessibles sur certains des grands thèmes analysés dans le rapport complet : savoirs et savoir-faire des élèves, surmonter le milieu social, apprendre à apprendre, et les clés de la réussite des établissements d’enseignement. Chaque thème est présenté sur une double page : celle de gauche explique les tenants et les aboutissants à la fois pour les élèves et pour les pays et économies participants, analyse les principaux résultats et propose au lecteur désireux d’approfondir ce sujet des références à d’autres publications et bases de données de l’OCDE ; celle de droite présente des graphiques et des tableaux clairs et accessibles, assortis d’hyperliens dynamiques (StatLinks) qui redirigent le lecteur vers les données correspondantes au format Excel®. Panorama du PISA 2009 constitue une introduction idéale au PISA et au riche corpus de données comparables au niveau international que collecte l’OCDE dans les domaines de l’éducation et de l’apprentissage.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264216075
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (30 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: TALIS
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guide TALIS 2013 à l'intention des enseignants ; Enquête internationale sur l'enseignement et l'apprentissage
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This publication not only presents the main results of TALIS 2013, it also takes those findings and, backed by the research literature on education and the large body of OECD work on education, offers insights and advice to teachers and school leaders on how they can improve teaching and learning in their schools. It is both a guide through TALIS and a handbook for building excellence into teaching.
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  • 11
    ISBN: 9789264205345
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (532 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. PISA 2012 Results; Ready to Learn (Volume III); Students' Engagement, Drive and Self-Beliefs
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage passe en revue l’engagement des élèves par rapport à l’école, leur motivation à réussir et leur perception par rapport à l’apprentissage des mathématiques.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA à la loupe no.44
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe How is Equity in Resource Allocation Related to Student Performance?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: La façon dont les ressources pédagogiques sont affectées compte autant que la quantité des ressources disponibles. Dans les pays et économies très performants, l’affectation des ressources tend à être plus équitable entre les établissements favorisés et les établissements défavorisés sur le plan socio-économique. Parmi les pays et économies où les établissements sont mieux dotés en termes de ressources – selon les chefs d’établissement, l’équité de l’affectation des ressources n’est pas liée à la qualité globale de ces dernières.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Education Indicators in Focus no.21
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Le salaire des enseignants : Bien plus qu'une simple affaire de chiffres
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Teachers’ salaries increased in real terms between 2000 and 2011 in virtually all OECD countries, but mostly remain below those of other tertiary-educated workers. Statutory salaries for lower secondary school teachers with 15 years of experience are 35% higher than starting salaries in OECD countries. Among OECD countries, education systems that pay teachers more relative to their national income per capita tend to perform slightly better in mathematics as shown by the PISA study. An increasing number of countries are now targeting salary increases to attract high-level graduates in the profession, to retain the best teachers or to assign the most experienced teachers to disadvantaged schools.
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  • 14
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (63 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.100
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Higher education plays an important role in providing people with skills for innovation, but a number of important questions remain as to what kind of higher education teaching can be conducive to the strengthening of skills for innovation. This report aims to shed light on this issue by reviewing the current evidence on the effectiveness of problem-based learning compared with more traditional approaches in higher education teaching. It explores the extent to which problem-based learning can be an effective way to develop different discipline-specific and transferable skills for innovation. Research, primarily from the field of medicine, shows that problem-based learning appears to be beneficial in fostering certain aspects of skills for innovation. In addition, the report explores the literature on direct teaching behaviours that may help foster student learning in more traditional teaching settings. Despite the promising evidence linking problem-based learning and effective teaching in higher education to certain aspects of skills for innovation, more work is needed in this area. There is strong potential for further research to provide additional important insights into the development of skills for innovation.
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Les indicateurs de l'éducation à la loupe no.19
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe What Are Tertiary Students Choosing to Study?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Les sciences sociales sont le domaine d’études le plus prisé dans les formations tertiaires non professionnelles. Un nouvel inscrit sur trois y choisit une formation en sciences sociales, commerce ou droit. L’égalité entre les sexes est presque acquise dans la plupart des domaines d’études, notamment dans le domaine des sciences sociales et des services ; toutefois, d’importants écarts subsistent entre hommes et femmes dans les domaines de l’informatique et de l’ingénierie (à dominante masculine), et de la santé, de la protection sociale et de l’éducation (à dominante féminine). Dans les pays de l’OCDE, près d’un étudiant en mobilité internationale sur quatre suit une formation dans le domaine du commerce et de l’administration (23 %). Le pourcentage d’étudiants en mobilité internationale est plus faible, en général, dans les domaines débouchant sur les professions de la fonction publique, tels que l’éducation (3 %) ou la santé et la protection sociale (9 %).
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.36
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe La profession des parents a-t-elle un impact sur la performance des élèves ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Students whose parents work in professional occupations generally outperform other students in mathematics, while students whose parents work in elementary occupations tend to underachieve compared to their peers. The strength of the relationship between parents’ occupations and student performance varies considerably across countries: for example, when it comes to mathematics performance, the children of cleaners in Shanghai-China outperform the children of professionals in the United States, and the children of professionals in Germany outperform the children of professionals in Finland, on average. Finland and Japan achieve high levels of performance by ensuring that the children of parents who work in elementary occupations are given the same education opportunities and the same encouragement as the children of professionals.
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Les indicateurs de l'éducation à la loupe no.18
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe What is the Impact of the Economic Crisis on Public Education Spending?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Au lendemain de la crise financière de 2008, un nombre significatif de pays ont réduit leurs dépenses publiques d’éducation. Malgré l’augmentation du PIB dans la plupart des pays de l’OCDE entre 2009 et 2010, les dépenses publiques au titre des établissements d’enseignement ont chuté dans un tiers d’entre eux. Entre 2009 et 2011, les salaires des enseignants ont été soit gelés, soit réduits dans 12 des 25 pays de l’OCDE qui disposent de données, ce qui pourrait avoir pour effet de décourager les étudiants très performants qui souhaitaient embrasser cette carrière. La demande d’enseignement et de formation est en constante augmentation alors même que les mesures d’austérité font pression sur les ressources allouées à l’éducation. Dans les années à venir, les établissements d’enseignement devront obtenir davantage de résultats, mais avec des moyens plus restreints.
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  • 18
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (36 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.95
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Many international comparisons of education over the past 50 years have included some measure of students’ opportunity to learn (OTL) in their schooling. Results have typically confirmed the common sense notion that a student’s exposure in school to the assessed concepts, operationalized in some sort of time metric, is related to what the student has learned as measured by the assessment. What has not been demonstrated is a connection between the specifics of what students have encountered through schooling and their performance on any sort of applied knowledge assessment such as PISA. This paper explores this issue in 2012 PISA which, for the first time, included several OTL items on the student survey. OTL demonstrated a significant relationship with student performance on both the main paper-and-pencil literacy assessment as well as the optional computer-based assessment at all three levels – country, school and student. In every country at least one if not all three of the constructed OTL indices – exposure to word problems, formal mathematics topics, and applied mathematics problems – demonstrated a significant relationship to the overall PISA measure of mathematics literacy as well as the four sub areas of change and relationships, shapes and space, quantity, and uncertainty and data. Additionally, results indicated that variability in OTL was related to student performance having implications for equality of opportunity.
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  • 19
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Les indicateurs de l'éducation à la loupe no.22
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe How Much Time Do Primary and Lower Secondary Students Spend in the Classroom?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Dans les pays de l’OCDE, les élèves sont censés suivre un total de 7 751 heures d’instruction, en moyenne, durant leur scolarité dans le primaire et le premier cycle du secondaire ; la majeure partie de ce temps d’instruction est obligatoire. En règle générale, le nombre annuel d’heures d’instruction augmente avec le niveau d’enseignement. La lecture, les mathématiques et les sciences représentent environ 50 % du temps d’instruction obligatoire dans le primaire, contre seulement 40 % dans le premier cycle du secondaire. La forte variation du temps d’instruction entre les pays de l’OCDE laisse penser qu’on est loin d’avoir trouvé un consensus concernant les politiques les plus efficaces en matière de temps scolaire.
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: L'enseignement à la loupe no.7
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe School Improvement Through Strong Leadership
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Selon l’Enquête internationale sur l’enseignement et l’apprentissage (TALIS) de l’OCDE, en moyenne, les chefs d’établissement indiquent se livrer fréquemment à un certain nombre d’activités en rapport avec l’encadrement pédagogique. Ce n’est toutefois pas le cas dans tous les pays et un pourcentage important de chefs d’établissement déclarent que leur formation initiale n’incluait aucune formation à l’encadrement pédagogique. Bien que la formation continue puisse aider à pallier ces manques, de nombreux chefs d’établissement font état de différents obstacles à leur participation à ce type de formation, notamment un manque de soutien et de possibilités, ainsi que des obstacles d’ordre personnel et professionnel.
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (66 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.108
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Trust is indispensable for social and economic relations; it is the glue that holds organisations together and appears to work somehow mysteriously. Overall, trust is a ubiquitous ingredient in policymaking and implementation across many governance systems including education, whether it concerns accountability mechanisms, capacity building or strategic thinking. Yet our understanding, conceptualisation and measurement of these issues remain limited. This working paper asks the question: what is trust and how does it matter for governance, especially in education systems? It explores why trust is key for policymaking and where it fits within current governance issues. The paper examines different definitions of trust, presents various ways of measuring trust and discusses some of their benefits and limitations. It proposes a definition of trust made up of three parts: trust as an expectation, a willingness to be vulnerable and a risk-taking act. The paper then presents a simple model of trust and governance and reviews the relationship between trust and different elements in education systems, such as complexity, asymmetries in information and power, collaboration/cooperation, monitoring and accountability, and professionalisation. It concludes with some policy findings and identifies several research gaps.
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA à la loupe no.43
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Are Disadvantaged Students more Likely to Repeat Grades?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Dans les pays de l’OCDE, un élève sur huit a déjà redoublé au moins une fois avant l’âge de 15 ans. De nombreux pays ont réduit leurs taux de redoublement entre 2003 et 2012. Un élève défavorisé de 15 ans sur cinq a déjà redoublé. Même à niveau scolaire similaire, les élèves défavorisés sont 1.5 fois plus susceptibles de redoubler que les élèves favorisés.
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA à la loupe no.35
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Who Are the School Truants?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Dans les pays de l’OCDE, durant les deux semaines précédant les épreuves PISA, 18 % des élèves ont séché au moins un cours, et 15 % des élèves au moins une journée entière de classe. Dans les systèmes d’éducation très performants, rares sont les élèves qui sèchent des cours ou des journées entières de classe. Dans les pays de l’OCDE, les élèves qui sèchent des cours ou des journées entières de classe obtiennent un score en mathématiques inférieur de respectivement 32 et 52 points. L’absentéisme touche tous les élèves, qu’ils soient issus de milieux socio economiques favorisés ou défavorisés.
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Les indicateurs de l'éducation à la loupe no.23
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe At What Age Do University Students Earn Their First Degree?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Dans les pays de l’OCDE, l’âge médian d’obtention du premier diplôme universitaire a baissé de 6 mois entre 2005 et 2011. L’âge médian d’obtention du premier diplôme universitaire va d’environ 22 ans en Belgique et au Royaume-Uni, à plus de 27 ans en Islande et en Israël. Le pourcentage d’étudiants à temps partiel est passé de 19.8 % en 2005 à 22.0 % en 2011, suggérant que le choix de parcours plus flexibles entre études et travail prend progressivement de l’ampleur. Le pourcentage de nouveaux inscrits à l’université âgés de 30 ans ou plus est resté stable entre 2005 et 2011, s’établissant à environ 10 %-11 % en moyenne.
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA à la loupe no.36
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Do Parents' Occupations Have an Impact on Student Performance?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Les élèves dont les parents exercent une profession intellectuelle ou scientifique devancent en général les autres élèves en mathématiques, tandis que les élèves dont les parents exercent une profession élémentaire tendent à obtenir de moins bons résultats que leurs camarades. L’intensité de la corrélation entre la profession des parents et la performance des élèves varie considérablement entre les pays : ainsi, en moyenne, lorsque l’on considère la performance en mathématiques, les enfants d’employés de ménage à Shanghai (Chine) obtiennent de meilleurs résultats que les enfants dont les parents exercent une profession intellectuelle ou scientifique aux États-Unis, et les enfants dont les parents exercent une profession intellectuelle ou scientifique en Allemagne devancent les enfants dont les parents exercent ce type de professions en Finlande. La Finlande et le Japon atteignent un niveau élevé de performance car ils s’assurent que les enfants dont les parents exercent une profession élémentaire ont accès aux mêmes possibilités d’apprentissage et reçoivent le même soutien que les enfants dont les parents exercent une profession intellectuelle ou scientifique.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA à la loupe no.41
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Do 15-year-olds Know How to Manage Money?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: En moyenne, dans les 13 pays et économies de l’OCDE qui ont participé à l’évaluation PISA de la culture financière, 10 % des élèves sont capables d’analyser des produits financiers complexes et de résoudre des problèmes financiers qui sortent de l’ordinaire, tandis que 15 % des élèves peuvent au mieux prendre des décisions simples concernant des dépenses quotidiennes et identifier l’objet de documents financiers courants, comme des factures. Dans 17 des 18 pays et économies participants, garçons et filles font preuve d’un niveau similaire de compétence en culture financière. Toutefois, parmi les élèves dont la performance est comparable en mathématiques et en compréhension de l’écrit, les garçons obtiennent de meilleurs scores en culture financière que les filles dans 11 des 18 pays et économies participants.
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 3-4 | volume:24 | year:2014 | number:3 | pages:3-4
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 3-4
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:24
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:3-4
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: The Higher Education Management and Policy journal was first published in 1977 under the title International Journal of Institutional Management in Higher Education, then Higher Education Management from 1989 to 2001.
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 145-160 | volume:24 | year:2014 | number:3 | pages:145-160
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 145-160
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:24
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:145-160
    Keywords: Education ; Australia
    Abstract: This article examines the early outcomes of the policy reforms that aim to increase substantially the proportion of Australians with a bachelor’s degree and improve equity of access. The changes rely on student choices dictating the flow and overall volume of government funding. The authors analyse the new policies and their implications for students and higher education institutions, focussing on: i) the initial evidence of impact on student numbers and the nature of the patterns of growth; ii) the effects on equity and the mix of students enrolled, both overall and between institutions; iii) the impact of increasing enrolments on government fiscal constraints and the pressure on student charges; iv) ensuring learning outcomes for all students and high-level outcomes for the most capable; and v) the role of universities and the place of other higher education providers in an increasingly diverse system.
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 161-176 | volume:24 | year:2014 | number:3 | pages:161-176
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 161-176
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:24
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:161-176
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Over the past two decades, many colleges and universities established physical presences in foreign countries. The development of such foreign educational outposts has meant that institutions have had to learn how to manage across geopolitical borders. This study used interviews with senior officials at institutions operating one or more international branch campuses to identify the three primary areas of oversight of concern to multinational universities: faculty, curriculum and finances. In each of these areas, the authors identify differing managerial strategies used by institutions and explore how these strategies relate to whether the branch is viewed as an integrated or separated component of the institution’s governance structure.
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  • 30
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 127-144 | volume:24 | year:2014 | number:3 | pages:127-144
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 127-144
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:24
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:127-144
    Keywords: Education ; Tanzania, United Republic of
    Abstract: This paper examines the history of the management of the higher education sector in Tanzania. It reveals that government policies and management styles throughout the period from 1961 to the early 2000s created a culture of resistance within the higher education institutions, leading to struggles and many attempts to change the management of the sector. The authors analyse the effects of management practices in higher education and propose a model of institutional change that yields positive outcomes based on institutional needs and those of the academic faculty members.
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Teaching in Focus no.6
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Commentaires aux enseignants : Un potentiel inexploité
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Across countries and economies participating in the OECD Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS), a majority of teachers report receiving feedback on different aspects of their work in their schools. Teacher feedback has a developmental focus, with many teachers reporting that it leads to improvements in their teaching practices, and other aspects of their work. However, not all feedback is seen as meaningful: nearly half of the teachers across TALIS countries report that teacher appraisal and feedback systems in their school are largely undertaken simply to fulfil administrative requirements. Teachers who consider that they receive meaningful feedback on their work also tend to have more confidence in their own abilities and to have higher job satisfaction.
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: L'enseignement à la loupe no.5
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe What Helps Teachers Feel Valued and Satisfied with their Jobs?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Dans les pays de l’édition 2013 de l’Enquête internationale sur l’enseignement et l’apprentissage (TALIS), moins d’un enseignant sur trois estime que sa profession est valorisée dans la société. Néanmoins, dans tous les pays participants, la grande majorité des enseignants sont satisfaits de leur emploi. Pour les enseignants, le travail avec des classes difficiles présentant une proportion importante d’élèves ayant des problèmes de comportement, et le sentiment que l’évaluation de leur travail et les commentaires qui leur en sont faits constituent un exercice purement administratif, comptent parmi les facteurs qui tendent à réduire leur satisfaction professionnelle. D’un autre côté, la collaboration entre enseignants et la bonne qualité des relations enseignant-élèves sont autant d’autres facteurs pouvant renforcer la satisfaction professionnelle des enseignants.
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.41
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Gestion de l'argent : Que savent les élèves de 15 ans ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: On average across the 13 OECD countries and economies that participated in the PISA financial literacy assessment, 10% of students can analyse complex financial products and solve non-routine financial problems, while 15% can, at best, make simple decisions about everyday spending, and recognise the purpose of everyday financial documents, such as an invoice. In 17 out of the 18 participating countries and economies, boys and girls show similar skills in financial literacy. However, among students with comparable performance in mathematics and reading, boys perform better than girls in financial literacy in 11 out of 18 countries and economies.
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.42
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Concurrence entre les établissements d'enseignement : Quand est-elle bénéfique ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: In most school systems, over 50% of 15-year-olds students attend schools that compete with another school to attract students from the same residential area. Across countries and economies, performance is unrelated to whether or not schools have to compete for students. When choosing a school for their children, parents look at a range of criteria; for disadvantaged parents, cost-related factors often weigh as much as, if not more than, the factors related to the quality of instruction. School systems with low levels of competition among schools often have high levels of social inclusion, meaning that students from diverse social backgrounds attend the same schools. In contrast, in systems where parents can choose schools, and schools compete for enrolment, schools are often more socially segregated.
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (52 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1144
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Women's Role in the Swiss Economy
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Economics ; Switzerland
    Abstract: En Suisse, les femmes ont désormais un niveau de formation égal à celui des hommes. Néanmoins, des progrès restent à accomplir sur le marché du travail où l’offre de main-d’oeuvre féminine et sa rémunération sont inférieures à celles des hommes. Le taux d’activité des femmes est élevé et ne cesse de croître, ce qui est contrebalancé toutefois par une forte incidence du travail à temps partiel, reflet de préférences individuelles et de facteurs qui restreignent le travail des femmes. L’insuffisance et le coût élevé des solutions de garde d’enfants, conjugués à un taux marginal d’imposition important pour les deuxièmes pourvoyeurs de revenus, dissuadent les femmes de travailler plus. L’écart net (c’est-à-dire inexpliqué) de rémunération de 7 % environ en faveur des hommes, persistant quoique en baisse, ainsi que la non-représentation des femmes parmi les dirigeants et chefs d’entreprise n’incite pas non plus ces dernières à tirer pleinement profit de leur niveau de formation élevé. Il faut donc éliminer ces obstacles en priorité, en augmentant les dépenses publiques consacrées aux structures de garde d’enfants et d’accueil parascolaire à l’échelon des cantons et des communes. Il faudrait aussi étudier la réglementation existante relative aux services de garde d’enfants pour voir s’il est possible d’élargir la gamme des prestations offertes, en termes de rapport qualité-prix. Il convient également de supprimer l’effet pénalisant implicite du mariage sur le plan fiscal, comme cela est actuellement envisagé par le Conseil fédéral. Une plus grande flexibilité dans l’aménagement du temps de travail pourrait également permettre aux femmes de réduire le coût de la conciliation entre travail et vie de famille. Ainsi, offrir aux femmes comme aux hommes la possibilité d’opter plus facilement pour des solutions comme les horaires de travail flexibles, l’annualisation des horaires, le partage de poste, le temps partiel ou le télétravail, et instituer un congé paternité et/ou un congé parental consécutif unique et non transférable pourraient aider les femmes à intégrer le marché du travail et à en sortir plus aisément. Le renforcement de la concurrence sur les marchés de produits devrait contribuer à combler l’écart de rémunération entre hommes et femmes, en remplaçant notamment certaines pratiques discriminatoires par la recherche des meilleurs talents, indépendamment du sexe. Enfin, un code de gouvernement d’entreprise en faveur d’une représentation plus égalitaire des femmes aux postes de direction et la fixation d’objectifs ambitieux pour accroître la proportion de femmes dans les conseils d’administrations, conjugués à l’adoption de la pratique « appliquer ou expliquer », ou encore l’instauration de quotas, devraient contribuer à la disparition du « plafond de verre ». Ce Document de travail se rapporte à l’Étude économique de l’OCDE de la Suisse 2013 (www.oecd.org/eco/etudes/Suisse).
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Education Indicators in Focus no.24
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe L'éducation : Un secteur innovant ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Education has one of the highest shares of innovative jobs for tertiary graduates of all sectors of the economy in Europe, and a higher proportion than in other public sector areas such as health and public administration. Innovation in knowledge or methods is the most common form of innovation, with education outperforming all sectors of the economy on this measure. Within education, higher education is much more innovative than the primary and secondary levels – and is one of the most innovative sectors of the economy in terms of innovation in knowledge or methods.
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.45
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Les pays dont la performance moyenne est élevée dans l'enquête PISA conservent-ils leur avance une fois leurs élèves devenus adultes ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Countries where 15-year-old students perform at high standards internationally tend to be the same countries where these young adults tend to perform well at the age of 26 to 28. School systems need to ensure that their students perform at a high level by the time they complete compulsory schooling and that these skills are maintained and further developed thereafter.
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (50 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.106
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Recent demographic, economic and political trends have placed the issue of school size at the heart of school effectiveness and efficiency discussions. The subject of school size is particularly salient in remote and rural areas where the viability of small schools has been questioned. In spite of the relevance of school size policies, the literature on this issue is quite fragmented with few studies taking a comprehensive view on the implications of school size policies. This literature review attempts to bridge different strands of relevant research and describes existing country practices in order to provide a broader picture of the benefits and costs associated with different school sizes. The paper describes the different trends that have affected school enrolment and how different countries have managed school size policies, with a particular focus on school consolidation. It discusses the consequences of school consolidation and the alternatives to consolidation when schools are facing declining enrolment. It also reviews the different mechanisms through which school size affects the quality and efficiency of schools, and the existing empirical evidence on these effects.
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Education Indicators in Focus no.26
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe L'envie d'apprendre vient en apprenant : Participation des adultes à la formation tout au long de la vie
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: In Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden, participation rates in adult education and learning are over 60%, but they are one-third – or below – in Italy, the Russian Federation and the Slovak Republic. The more highly educated adults are, the more likely they are to continue with adult education and learning: about 70% of adults with a tertiary qualification participated, compared with just 27% among adults who did not complete upper secondary education. Employed adults are more likely to participate in adult education and learning: in half of the countries, the difference in participation between employed and unemployed individuals is more than 15 percentage points. Motivation encourages participation in adult education and learning: countries where a significant proportion of adults express a desire for more education also show the highest levels of participation.
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Education Indicators in Focus no.22
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Combien de temps les élèves du primaire et du premier cycle du secondaire passent-ils en classe ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Students in OECD countries are expected to receive a total of 7 751 hours of instruction on average during their primary and lower secondary education – the bulk of that time is compulsory. In general, the higher the level of education, the greater the number of instruction hours a year. Reading, mathematics and science take up around 50% of the compulsory curricular time in primary education but only 40% at the lower secondary level. The wide variation in instruction hours across OECD countries suggests there is little consensus on the most effective policies related to school time.
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.43
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Les élèves défavorisés sont-ils plus susceptibles de redoubler ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: One in eight students across OECD countries has repeated a grade at least once before the age of 15. Many countries reduced the rate of grade repetition between 2003 and 2012. One in five disadvantaged 15-year-olds has repeated a grade. Even among students with similar academic performance, the likelihood of repeating a grade is one-and-a-half times greater for disadvantaged students than for advantaged students.
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Les indicateurs de l'éducation à la loupe no.20
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe How Old Are the Teachers?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Dans les pays de l’OCDE, plus d’un tiers des hommes enseignant dans le primaire ont désormais plus de 50 ans. Dans les pays de l’OCDE, l’âge moyen des enseignants du secondaire a augmenté d’un mois chaque année au cours des dix dernières années. Seuls quelques pays ont réussi à mettre en place des politiques à même d’abaisser de façon significative la moyenne d’âge des enseignants. L’augmentation du nombre de femmes dans le corps enseignant n’entraîne plus la baisse de l’âge moyen de ce dernier, la moyenne d’âge des enseignantes augmentant à rythme plus soutenu que celle des enseignants.
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  • 43
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (22 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.105
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: A country’s level of human capital – the knowledge and skills in the population – has a strong bearing on its economic potential for growth and prosperity. On the other hand, its level of social inequality might prevent prosperity to be shared in equitable ways across the population. This papers looks at the relationship between the distribution of numeracy skills in the population to measures of economic prosperity (per capita GDP) and social inequality (Gini coefficient). Country-level correlations between various measures of the skills dispersion and these two indicators are presented. The correlations suggest that a higher numeracy skills dispersion is related to higher social inequality. A higher share of low-skilled adults relates positively with greater social inequality, while a higher share of high-skilled adults seems to be related with higher levels of economic output.
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  • 44
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.107
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This paper investigated the effects of response styles in cross-cultural contexts. The authors used data on social desirability, extreme and midpoint responding, and the scale scores of 17 constructs related to the teaching profession, which were collected from 76,887 teachers in 18 countries in the Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS). Main findings are: (1) a 10-item social desirability scale demonstrated partial invariance of a positive and a negative impression management factor; (2) a general response style, representing a continuum ranging from response amplification to moderation, was extracted with social desirability and extreme responding as positive indicators and midpoint responding as a negative indicator; (3) social desirability and the general response style at the country level were negatively correlated with country affluence and educational achievement; (4) social desirability and the general response style were more strongly correlated with constructs of teacher efficacy and job satisfaction than other constructs at both the individual and country level; and (5) correction of response styles had negligible effects on cross-cultural differences in these constructs.
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  • 45
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (34 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.109
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: The governance of complex, decentralised, multi-level education systems poses two fundamental questions for both policy- and research discussions: What are innovative contemporary governance strategies for the central level in education systems? How can these approaches be described and analysed to identify commonalities that might help to understand how and if they work? In addressing these questions, this paper’s aim is twofold: first, to inform the policy-discussion by presenting empirical examples of new governance mechanisms that central governments use to steer systems across their levels; and second, to contribute to the conceptual discussion of how to categorise and analyse the evolution of new governance structures. To do so, the paper starts with identifying core features of multi-level governance and the respective conceptual gaps it produces. It then introduces a simple analytical categorisation of modes of governance. An analysis of three empirical cases (an institutionalised exchange between governance levels in Norway, a capacity building programme in Germany, and the Open Method of Coordination within the European Union) then shows how various education systems address these gaps and design the role of the central level in complex decision-making structures. A comparison of the three cases identifies – despite the heterogeneity of the cases – several communalities, such as multi-staged policy processes, transparency and publicity, and soft sanctions. The paper concludes that the Open Method of Coordination, even though often criticised for its inefficiencies, might serve as a promising template for national approaches to soft governance in education. Further research on OECD education systems is needed to gather more empirical examples; these may help to get a better understanding of what is needed for successful steering from the central level in decentralised contexts.
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.44
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Équité de l'affectation des ressources : Quels liens avec la performance des élèves ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: How educational resources are allocated is just as important as the amount of resources available. High-performing countries and economies tend to allocate resources more equitably across socio-economically advantaged and disadvantaged schools. Among the countries with better-resourced schools, as reported by principals, equity in resource allocation is not related to the overall quality of resources.
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  • 47
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 57-85 | volume:24 | year:2014 | number:3 | pages:57-85
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (29 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 57-85
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:24
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:57-85
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This paper first discusses the theoretical approaches regarding the choice of participating in post-secondary (or “higher”) education, starting with a presentation of the standard neoclassical economics approach, and then adding concepts taken from the emerging behavioural economics literature to take into account “cultural” factors that affect access. The paper then presents the results of an empirical analysis based on a very rich Canadian dataset, the Youth in Transition Survey, which follows youth from ages 15 to 25. It includes remarkably detailed information on family and other background factors, as well as schooling experiences, which provides evidence that points to the importance of cultural influences on PSE choices. Policy implications are then discussed.
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  • 48
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 7-36 | volume:24 | year:2014 | number:3 | pages:7-36
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 7-36
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:24
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:7-36
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: How higher education institutions are managed is one of the most decisive factors in achieving institutional goals. The key role that university governance plays in the improvement of education quality has been the focus of attention in MENA economies since 2009. In this article, the authors present the findings of a screening tool developed as a benchmarking exercise that assesses the extent to which universities in the MENA region are following governance practices aligned with their institutional goals and international trends, and monitors their progress over time. They present the results of testing the methodology of the screening tool in a sample of universities in Egypt, Morocco, the PalestinianAuthority and Tunisia comparing them across five dimensions: 1) context, mission and goals; 2) management orientation; 3) autonomy; 4) accountability; and 5) participation. The findings highlight vivid differences, especially notable in between private and public institutions.
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 87-105 | volume:24 | year:2014 | number:3 | pages:87-105
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 87-105
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:24
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:87-105
    Keywords: Education ; France
    Abstract: In this article, the author discusses the professionalisation of university courses, noting that there are two different views concerning the mission of universities: the dissemination of knowledge and training highly skilled workers to benefit national economies. He explains that in France, for many years, due to the singularity of the organisation of its higher educational system, it was assumed that universities were not concerned with the professionalisation of degree courses. But from the 1960s onwards, there was a change that consisted in introducing vocational courses into universities. This movement is taking on a new form in the 2010s: the aim is to professionalise general courses to improve young graduates’ employability. To achieve this goal, the state provides subsidies to universities, partly on the basis of the employment rate of graduates. The author concludes that this situation may prove untenable for universities.
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  • 50
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA à la loupe no.39
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Are Grouping and Selecting Students for Different Schools Related to Students' Motivation to Learn?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: En moyenne, dans les pays de l’OCDE, les élèves qui font preuve d’une forte motivation à l’égard de l’apprentissage des mathématiques car ils pensent que cela leur sera utile par la suite obtiennent de meilleurs résultats dans cette matière – dans une mesure équivalant à une demi-année de scolarité – que les élèves qui ne sont pas très motivés. La motivation des élèves à l’égard de l’apprentissage des mathématiques est moindre dans les systèmes d’éducation qui pratiquent la sélection et le regroupement des élèves dans différents établissements d’enseignement et/ou filières.
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  • 51
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (41 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.104
    Keywords: Education ; Sweden
    Abstract: This case study examines the consequences of important education decentralisation reforms that took place in Sweden in the early 1990s. The sudden shift away from a traditionally centralised education system towards a decentralised one meant that municipalities had to quickly accommodate new responsibilities. Difficulties related to this shift were noticed early on and then confirmed by international surveys, in particular PISA, which revealed that student performance was deteriorating while the gap increased between and top- and bottom-performers. Key elements to this include the fact that decentralisation took place without enough support from the central authorities, municipalities (particularly smaller ones) lacked local capacity to manage their new responsibilities, and as a result the reform has resulted in a mismatch between official responsibilities and the actual powers of the various stakeholders. The central government, steering education at arm’s length, has few tools to incentivise compliance with national goals. At the municipal level, financial resources are often allocated based on tradition and local politics rather than actual needs. This is in part due to misuse of available data and of expert knowledge by decision-makers. The case study also provides a series of recommendations for improvement.
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  • 52
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA à la loupe no.38
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Are 15-Year-Olds Creative Problem-solvers?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Pour réussir la première évaluation PISA des compétences créatives en résolution de problèmes, les élèves doivent se montrer ouverts à la nouveauté, accepter le doute et l’incertitude, et oser utiliser leur intuition pour amorcer une solution. Le simple fait qu’un élève obtienne de bons résultats dans les matières scolaires fondamentales ne garantit pas sa bonne performance en résolution de problèmes. En Australie, au Brésil, en Corée, aux États-Unis, en Italie, au Japon, à Macao (Chine), en Angleterre (Royaume Uni) et en Serbie, les élèves affichent un niveau de compétence en résolution de problèmes significativement plus élevé, en moyenne, que celui des élèves d’autres pays dont la performance en compréhension de l’écrit, en mathématiques et en sciences est similaire. Parmi les participants du PISA les plus performants en résolution de problèmes figurent de nombreux pays et économies d’Asie, où les élèves font preuve d’un niveau élevé de compétences de raisonnement et de capacités d’apprentissage autodirigé. D’un autre côté, par comparaison avec des élèves présentant un niveau similaire de performance globale, les élèves du Brésil, de Corée, des Etats Unis et d’Irlande obtiennent les meilleurs résultats en résolution de problèmes interactifs, qui demandent aux élèves d’explorer la situation du problème afin de trouver des informations pertinentes et d’adapter leur stratégie en fonction des informations qu’ils découvrent à mesure qu’ils avancent dans la résolution.
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA à la loupe no.37
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Do Students Have the Drive to Succeed?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Lorsque les élèves pensent que les efforts qu’ils fournissent pour apprendre peuvent faire la différence, ils obtiennent des résultats significativement plus élevés en mathématiques. Le fait que dans la plupart des pays, d’importants pourcentages d’élèves pensent que la réussite scolaire est principalement le fruit d’un travail assidu, plutôt que de capacités intellectuelles héréditaires, laisse penser que l’éducation et son contexte social peuvent jouer un rôle déterminant dans la transmission de valeurs qui encouragent la réussite. L’utilisation par les enseignants de stratégies d’activation cognitive, telles que le fait de donner aux élèves des problèmes qui nécessitent une longue réflexion de leur part ou des problèmes pour lesquels la méthode de résolution n’apparaît pas immédiatement, et d’aider les élèves à apprendre de leurs erreurs, est en corrélation avec l’engagement des élèves. Les élèves auxquels les enseignants fixent des objectifs clairs d’apprentissage et apportent un retour d’information sur leur performance en mathématiques tendent également à faire part d’un niveau plus élevé de persévérance et d’ouverture à l’égard de la résolution de problèmes.
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Education Indicators in Focus no.20
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Quel âge ont les enseignants ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: More than one-third of male primary school teachers in OECD countries are now over 50 years old. Across OECD countries, the average age of secondary school teachers has increased by one month every year in the last decade. Only a few countries have managed to develop policies which lower the average age of teachers significantly. Increasing the numbers of female teachers no longer lowers the average age, as the female teaching workforce is ageing faster than its male counterpart.
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Education Indicators in Focus no.19
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Que choisissent d'étudier les nouveaux inscrits de l'enseignement tertiaire ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: The social sciences are the most popular field for non-vocational tertiary education programmes. One in three new students choose a programme in social sciences, business and law. Gender equality has been virtually achieved in many fields of study, especially in social sciences and services but significant gender differences persist in computing and engineering (maledominated) and in health and welfare and education (female-dominated). Almost one in four international students in OECD countries follow programmes in the field of business and administration (23%). The proportion of international students from fields oriented to the public function such as education (3%) or health and welfare (9%) is lower on average.
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  • 56
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.103
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This paper evaluates measurement invariance of complex scales from a social survey using both a continuous approach and a categorical approach to help inform future decisions in choosing the most appropriate methods to perform the validation of complex scales. In particular, continuous and categorical approaches are compared for constructing and validating 11 complex scales across 23 countries participating in the first round of the OECD Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS). Two invariance testing approaches were compared – 1) continuous multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis; 2) categorical multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis. Latent variable modelling was employed to account for the complex structure of the relationships between many items in each scale. The performance of the models is reported and illustrated based on the evaluation of the level of measurement invariance. All of the scales established configural and metric levels of invariance from both approaches, and three scales established scalar invariance from the categorical approach, allowing for a meaningful mean score comparison across countries. Limitations of the models compared in this study and future considerations for construction and validation of scaling complex scales are discussed.
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA à la loupe no.40
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Does Pre-primary Education Reach Those Who Need it Most?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: La préscolarisation est associée à de meilleures performances pour les élèves lors de la poursuite de leur scolarité. En 2012, les élèves de 15 ans étaient plus susceptibles que ne l’étaient leurs aînés en 2003 d’indiquer avoir été préscolarisés pendant au moins un an. L’écart de taux de préscolarisation se creuse entre les élèves issus d’un milieu socio economique favorisé et ceux issus d’un milieu socio-économique défavorisé.
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  • 58
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.39
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Existe-t-il un lien entre le regroupement et la sélection des élèves et leur motivation à l'égard de l'apprentissage ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: On average across OECD countries, students who are highly motivated to learn mathematics because they believe it will help them later on score better in mathematics – by the equivalent of half a year of schooling – than students who are not highly motivated. Students’ motivation to learn mathematics is lower in education systems that sort and group students into different schools and/or programmes.
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  • 59
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.40
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe La préscolarisation est-elle accessible à ceux qui en ont le plus besoin ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Attendance in pre-primary education is associated with better student performance later on. Fifteen-year-old students in 2012 were more likely than 15-year-olds in 2003 to have attended at least one year of pre-primary education. The gap in pre-primary attendance rates between socio-economically advantaged and disadvantaged pupils is growing.
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Teaching in Focus no.5
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Valorisation et satisfaction professionnelles : Qu'est-ce qui aide les enseignants ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Less than one in three teachers across countries participating in the Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) 2013 believes that the teaching profession is valued by society. Nevertheless, the great majority of teachers in all surveyed countries are happy with their jobs. Challenging classrooms with large proportions of students with behavioural problems and the perception that appraisals and feedback are done simply as administrative tasks are among factors that tend to lower job satisfaction. Collaboration between teachers and positive teacher-student relationships, on the other hand, are among factors that can boost teacher job satisfaction.
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: L'enseignement à la loupe no.6
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Unlocking the Potential of Teacher Feedback
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Dans les pays et économies participant à l’Enquête internationale sur l’enseignement et l’apprentissage (TALIS) de l’OCDE, la majorité des enseignants indiquent recevoir des commentaires sur différents aspects de leur travail dans leur établissement. Les commentaires faits aux enseignants ont une dimension en lien avec le développement professionnel, de nombreux enseignants indiquant qu’ils leur permettent d’améliorer leurs pratiques pédagogiques et d’autres aspects de leur travail. Toutefois, tous les types de commentaires ne sont pas jugés utiles : près de la moitié des enseignants des pays de l’enquête TALIS déclarent ainsi que les dispositifs d’évaluation et de commentaire en place dans leur établissement sont essentiellement mis en oeuvre dans le simple souci de respecter des obligations administratives. Les enseignants qui estiment recevoir des commentaires utiles sur leur travail tendent également à faire état d’une plus grande confiance en leurs propres capacités et d’un niveau plus élevé de satisfaction professionnelle.
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Teaching in Focus no.7
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Une direction solide pour de meilleurs établissements
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: According to the OECD Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS), principals, on average, report frequently engaging in a number of activities that are consistent with instructional leadership. However, this is not the case in every country and large proportions of them report that their training did not include any instructional leadership training or course. Although continuous professional development could help fill those gaps, many school leaders report a number of obstacles preventing them from taking part in such learning, including a lack of support and opportunities, and personal and professional obstacles.
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  • 63
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Les indicateurs de l'éducation à la loupe no.26
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Learning Begets Learning: Adult Participation in Lifelong Education
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Au Danemark, en Finlande, en Norvège, aux Pays-Bas et en Suède, plus de 60 % des adultes participent à des activités de formation ; ils ne sont en revanche qu’un tiers dans ce cas, voire moins, en Fédération de Russie, en Italie et en République slovaque. Plus le niveau de formation d’un adulte est élevé, plus il est susceptible de participer à des activités de formation : le taux de participation est ainsi d’environ 70 % parmi les adultes diplômés de l’enseignement tertiaire, contre seulement 27 % parmi les adultes dont le niveau de formation est inférieur au deuxième cycle de l’enseignement secondaire. Les actifs occupés sont plus susceptibles de participer à des activités de formation pour adultes : dans la moitié des pays à l’étude, la différence de taux de participation entre les actifs occupés et les chômeurs est supérieure à 15 points de pourcentage. La motivation stimule la participation aux activités de formation pour adultes : les pays où un pourcentage important d’adultes expriment le souhait de participer à davantage d’activités de formation sont également ceux où l’on observe les taux les plus élevés de participation.
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  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (12 p.)
    Series Statement: Trends Shaping Education Spotlights no.5
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: ICT has influenced almost all aspects of our lives and has changed the way we communicate, work and socialize. Education plays a key role in ensuring that everyone can reap the benefits of our technology-rich world, as well as help mitigate some of the risks.
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Les indicateurs de l'éducation à la loupe no.24
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe How Innovative is the Education Sector?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Le secteur de l’éducation est l’un de ceux qui génère le plus d’emplois innovants pour les diplômés de l’enseignement supérieur en Europe, davantage que d’autres secteurs publics, tels que la santé et l’administration publique. La forme la plus courante d’innovation est celle des savoirs ou méthodes ; dans ce domaine, le secteur de l’éducation devance tous les autres secteurs d’activité. Au sein du secteur de l’éducation, l’enseignement supérieur est bien plus innovant que l’enseignement primaire et secondaire, et compte globalement parmi les secteurs d’activité les plus innovants en matière de savoirs ou méthodes.
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.38
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Trouver des solutions créatives : Quelles sont les compétences des jeunes de 15 ans en résolution de problèmes ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: To do well on PISA’s first assessment of creative problem-solving skills, students need to be open to novelty, tolerate doubt and uncertainty, and dare to use intuition to initiate a solution. Just because a student performs well in core school subjects doesn’t mean he or she is proficient in problem solving. In Australia, Brazil, Italy, Japan, Korea, Macao China, Serbia, England (United Kingdom) and the United States, students perform significantly better in problem solving, on average, than students in other countries who show similar performance in reading, mathematics and science. Many of the best performers in problem solving are Asian countries and economies, where students demonstrate high levels of reasoning skills and self-directed learning. Meanwhile, compared to students of similar overall performance, students in Brazil, Ireland, Korea and the United States perform strongest on interactive problems that require students to uncover useful information by exploring the problem situation and gather feedback on the effect of their actions.
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 37-55 | volume:24 | year:2014 | number:3 | pages:37-55
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 37-55
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:24
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:37-55
    Keywords: Education ; Canada
    Abstract: Globalisation of higher education is critical to achieving many of higher education’s highest goals. This paper analyses the results of a survey of over 5000 Indian private high-school students (Skinkle and Embleton, 2011) revealing that 21% are seriously considering international education (IE). Those considering IE often stated their motivations as including improving leadership skills, meeting new people and giving back to society. There is however little research concerning the goals (and practices) of higher education institutions in relation to the aspirations of IE students. A primary motivation for many institutions is financial. The authors integrate the results of the survey with an empirical study of 65 Canadian professorial and administrative leaders at both colleges and universities, from 54 diverse institutions across Canada, to provide critical analyses of perceived benefits, threats and desired outcomes of IE in higher education. Strategic imperatives for IE management are presented.
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  • 68
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Les indicateurs de l'éducation à la loupe no.25
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Who Are the Doctorate Holders and where Do Their Qualifications Lead Them?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: De nombreux pays ont mis en oeuvre des réformes afin de développer et de soutenir les programmes d’études doctorales et de recherche postdoctorale, soulignant le rôle déterminant des doctorants et titulaires de doctorats en termes de croissance économique, d’innovation et de recherche scientifique. Le nombre de diplômes de recherche de haut niveau délivrés dans les pays de l’OCDE a sensiblement augmenté ces dix dernières années, passant de 158 000 nouveaux doctorats en 2000 à 247 000 en 2012, soit une hausse de 56 %. Un cinquième de ces nouveaux doctorats sont délivrés à des étudiants en mobilité internationale. Malgré l’augmentation de la part des femmes dans les programmes doctoraux ces dix dernières années (tout comme aux autres niveaux d’enseignement), en 2012, elles étaient toujours moins susceptibles que les hommes d’obtenir un diplôme de recherche de haut niveau. En moyenne, les titulaires de diplômes de recherche de haut niveau bénéficient de meilleurs taux d’emploi que les autres diplômés de niveau universitaire (titulaires de licences et masters confondus). Le secteur des entreprises offre aux nouveaux titulaires de doctorats des salaires plus attractifs que l’enseignement supérieur ou le secteur de l’État. Toutefois, les possibilités qui s’offrent à eux varient fortement selon leur domaine d’études.
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Education Indicators in Focus no.25
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Titulaires de doctorats : Qui sont-ils et que deviennent-ils après l'obtention de leur diplôme ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Many countries have implemented reforms to develop and support doctoral studies and postdoctoral research, stressing the crucial role of doctorate students and degree holders in terms of economic growth, innovation and scientific research. The number of advanced research qualifications being awarded across OECD countries significantly increased over the past decade, growing from 158 000 new doctorates in 2000 to 247 000 in 2012, a rise of 56%. International students get one in five of these new doctorates. Even though the share of women in doctorate programmes has increased over the last decade (as in other levels of education), by 2012 women were still less likely than men to earn an advanced research qualification. On average, individuals with advanced research qualifications benefit from higher employment rates compared to other university-level graduates (Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees combined). The business enterprise sector offers better wages for new doctorate holders than the higher education and government sectors, but also unequal opportunities, depending on the field in which they graduate.
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  • 70
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Les indicateurs de l'éducation à la loupe no.16
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe How Can Countries Best Produce a Highly-qualified Young Labour Force?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Dans un contexte économique incertain, les pays doivent faire des choix entre la nécessité d’un programme d’austérité et le besoin d’investir dans la formation d’une main d’oeuvre hautement qualifiée. Le lien que l’on observe entre les dépenses par étudiant et les taux d’obtention d’un diplôme de niveau tertiaire est ténu – à niveaux de dépenses égaux, les pays obtiennent des résultats très différents. Le nombre d’années nécessaires à l’obtention d’un diplôme varie fortement d’un pays de l’OCDE à l’autre mais il apparaît que l’allongement de la durée des études n’est pas forcément une garantie d’obtenir une main d’oeuvre mieux qualifiée. Le risque d’obtenir une population trop qualifiée semble faible : des taux de scolarisation plus élevés n’entraînent pas d’augmentation du taux de chômage des diplômés. Au contraire, l’écart entre les individus les plus éduqués et les moins éduqués en matière de taux d’emploi montre que les pays doivent continuer à former une population de jeunes actifs hautement qualifiés.
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.37
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Réussite : les élèves sont-ils motivés ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: When students believe that investing effort in learning will make a difference, they score significantly higher in mathematics. The fact that large proportions of students in most countries consistently believe that student achievement is mainly a product of hard work, rather than inherited intelligence, suggests that education and its social context can make a difference in instilling values that foster success in education. Teachers’ use of cognitive-activation strategies, such as giving students problems that require them to think for an extended time, presenting problems for which there is no immediately obvious way of arriving at a solution, and helping students to learn from their mistakes, is associated with students’ drive. Students whose teachers set clear goals for learning and offer feedback on their performance in mathematics also tend to report higher levels of perseverance and openness to problem solving.
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  • 72
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (57 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.102
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This paper describes key aspects of the frameworks for the assessment of adult numeracy and mathematical literacy in PIAAC and PISA, which are OECD two flagship programs for international comparative assessment of competencies. The paper examines commonalities and differences in how the constructs of adult numeracy and mathematical literacy were assessed in PIAAC and PISA, and sketches selected challenges associated with interpretation of results from these surveys.
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  • 73
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (47 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1143
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Overcoming Skills Shortages in Canada
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Economics ; Canada
    Abstract: Les pénuries de compétences ont progressé dans certains secteurs et régions au cours des dernières années. L’avantage salarial s’accroît dans certaines professions, notamment la santé, l’ingénierie et les métiers spécialisés. Et les taux de postes vacants augmentent également dans les métiers spécialisés, en particulier en Alberta et dans la Saskatchewan. Des réformes ont été mises en oeuvre pour renforcer le processus d’ajustement afin de combler ces pénuries, mais il est possible d’aller plus loin en améliorant l’information sur le marché du travail, en renforçant la réactivité du système d’enseignement et de formation et du système d’immigration face aux attentes du marché du travail, et en réduisant les obstacles à la mobilité interprovinciale de la main-d’oeuvre. Ce Document de travail se rapporte à l’Étude économique de l’OCDE du Canada 2014 (www.oecd.org/fr/eco/etudes/etude-economique-canada.htm).
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Education Indicators in Focus no.23
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe À quel âge les étudiants obtiennent-ils leur premier diplôme universitaire ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Across OECD countries, the median age students first graduated from university fell by 6 months between 2005 and 2011. The median age of first graduation ranges from around 22 in Belgium and the United Kingdom to over 27 in Iceland and Israel. The percentage of part-time students has increased from 19.8% in 2005 to 22.0% in 2011, suggesting that more flexible routes between study and work are slowly becoming more widespread. The percentage of older students (aged 30 and over) entering universities has remained constant at around 10%-11% on average between 2005 and 2011.
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  • 75
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Les indicateurs de l'éducation à la loupe no.21
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe How Much Are Teachers Paid and How Much Does it Matter?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Entre 2000 et 2011, le salaire des enseignants a augmenté, en valeur réelle, dans la quasi-totalité des pays de l’OCDE, mais reste dans l’ensemble inférieur à celui d’autres actifs occupés diplômés de l’enseignement tertiaire. Dans les pays de l’OCDE, le salaire statutaire des enseignants du premier cycle du secondaire après 15 ans d’exercice est supérieur de 35 % à leur salaire en début de carrière. Dans les pays de l’OCDE, les systèmes d’éducation qui rémunèrent davantage les enseignants par rapport au revenu national par habitant tendent à obtenir une performance légèrement supérieure en mathématiques, comme l’indiquent les résultats de l’enquête PISA. Un nombre croissant de pays ont désormais recours à des augmentations de salaire ciblées pour attirer les diplômés les plus qualifiés dans la profession, retenir les meilleurs enseignants ou encourager les enseignants les plus expérimentés à exercer dans les établissements défavorisés.
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  • 76
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA à la loupe no.45
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Do Countries with High Mean Performance in PISA Maintain their Lead as Students Age?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Les pays où les élèves de 15 ans affichent des performances élevées en termes de comparaisons internationales sont en général les mêmes pays où ces élèves, une fois devenus jeunes adultes, tendent à obtenir de bonnes performances entre 26 et 28 ans. Les systèmes d’éducation doivent s’assurer que leurs élèves ont un bon niveau de compétence lorsqu’ils arrivent au terme de leur scolarité obligatoire et que ces compétences continuent par la suite à être entretenues et développées.
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  • 77
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (86 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.110
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: IQ tests and achievement tests do not capture non-cognitive skills — personality traits, goals, character and motivations that are valued in the labour market, in school and elsewhere. For many outcomes, their predictive power rivals or exceeds that of cognitive skills. Skills are stable across situations with different incentives. Skills are not immutable over the life cycle. While they have a genetic basis they are also shaped by environments, including families, schools and peers. Skill development is a dynamic process. The early years are important in shaping all skills and in laying the foundations for successful investment and intervention in the later years. During the early years, both cognitive and non-cognitive skills are highly malleable. During the adolescent years, non-cognitive skills are more malleable than cognitive skills. The differential plasticity of different skills by age has important implications for the design of effective policies.
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.35
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Absentéisme des élèves : Prévalence et conséquences
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Across OECD countries, 18% of students skipped classes at least once in the two weeks prior to the PISA test, and 15% of students skipped a day of school or more over the same period. Few students in high-performing school systems skip classes or days of school. For students in OECD countries, skipping classes is associated with a 32-point lower score in mathematics, while skipping days of school is associated with a 52-point lower score. Truancy is observed among all students, whether advantaged or disadvantaged.
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  • 79
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA à la loupe no.42
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe When is Competition Between Schools Beneficial?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Dans la plupart des systèmes d’éducation, plus de 50 % des élèves de 15 ans fréquentent un établissement en concurrence avec un autre établissement pour attirer les élèves d’une même zone résidentielle. Parmi les pays et économies à l’étude, la performance ne présente pas de lien avec le fait que les établissements soient en concurrence ou non pour leurs effectifs d’élèves. Lors du choix de l’établissement de leur enfant, les parents prennent en compte tout un ensemble de critères ; pour les parents issus d’un milieu défavorisé, les facteurs liés aux coûts occupent une place souvent aussi, voire plus, importante que les facteurs liés à la qualité de l’enseignement. Les systèmes d’éducation présentant un faible niveau de concurrence entre les établissements font souvent preuve d’un niveau élevé d’inclusion sociale : les élèves issus de milieux sociaux différents y fréquentent les mêmes établissements. Par contraste, dans les systèmes où les parents ont la possibilité de choisir l’établissement de leur enfant et où les établissements sont en concurrence pour leurs effectifs d’élèves, il existe souvent une forme plus marquée de ségrégation sociale entre les établissements.
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  • 80
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 107-125 | volume:24 | year:2014 | number:3 | pages:107-125
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 107-125
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:24
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:107-125
    Keywords: Education ; Turkey
    Abstract: This study explores the extent to which European lecturers experience barriers to participation in the Erasmus programme in relation to Turkey. The evidence indicates that, although the number of Turkish lecturers who participate in the programme has constantly been increasing, mobility from the European Union (EU) to Turkey is low. A question arises as to what measures should be taken to reduce obstacles to the academic mobility and to improve attractiveness to the Turkish higher education institutions (HEIs) to European academics. In order to understand how mobility might be increased, the study investigates key drivers and barriers that might hinder mobility and draws conclusions about ways to improve participation.
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  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Series Statement: Teaching in Focus no.8
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Que nous apprend TALIS sur les enseignants des différents niveaux d'enseignement ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Que nous apprend TALIS sur les enseignants des différents niveaux d'enseignement ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: The report New insights from TALIS 2013: Teaching and learning in primary and upper secondary education (OECD, 2014a) presents an overview of teachers and teaching in primary and upper secondary education for a sample of countries that participated in the OECD Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) in 2013. Women represent the majority of the teaching workforce for most countries at all levels of education. Despite this and the fact that most principals are former teachers, significantly fewer principals are women at all education levels. Primary teachers tend to work in schools where principals report material and personnel shortages that hinder the delivery of quality education more often than upper secondary teachers. Moreover, schools with high proportion of socio-economically disadvantaged students face greater shortages in terms of key resources in many countries. This further exacerbates the already-challenging circumstances for teachers and students.
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  • 82
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.46
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les devoirs entretiennent-ils les inégalités en matière d'éducation ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Les devoirs entretiennent-ils les inégalités en matière d'éducation ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: While most 15-year-old students spend part of their after-school time doing homework, the amount of time they spend on it shrank between 2003 and 2012. Socio-economically advantaged students and students who attend socio-economically advantaged schools tend to spend more time doing homework. While the amount of homework assigned is associated with mathematics performance among students and schools, other factors are more important in determining the performance of school systems as a whole.
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  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Series Statement: Les indicateurs de l'éducation à la loupe no.27
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. What Are the Earnings Advantages from Education?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: What Are the Earnings Advantages from Education?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: L’augmentation du nombre de diplômés de l’enseignement tertiaire ne semble pas avoir entraîné de phénomène d’« inflation » susceptible d’éroder la valeur de ce diplôme sur le marché du travail. Toutefois, les diplômés de l’enseignement tertiaire bénéficient de l’avantage le plus élevé en termes de revenus du travail relatifs lorsqu’ils vivent dans un pays où les diplômés de ce niveau d’enseignement sont peu nombreux. En moyenne, par comparaison avec les revenus du travail des adultes diplômés du deuxième cycle du secondaire, les adultes diplômés de l’enseignement tertiaire gagnent environ 1.6 fois plus, tandis que les adultes dont le niveau de formation est inférieur au deuxième cycle du secondaire gagnent 24 % de moins. L’élévation du niveau de formation et du niveau de compétence en littératie entraîne une augmentation des revenus ; toutefois, cet avantage est plus marqué pour les hommes que pour les femmes, et semble s’accroître avec l’âge. La crise a creusé les écarts de revenus entre les moins instruits et les plus instruits : dans les pays de l’OCDE, la différence moyenne de revenus du travail entre ces deux groupes est passée de 75 points de pourcentage en 2008 à 79 points de pourcentage en 2012. Les diplômes sont plus reconnus que les compétences : l’élévation du niveau de formation a un impact positif plus fort sur les revenus du travail que l’élévation du niveau de compétence en littératie.
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  • 84
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (43 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.111
    Keywords: Education ; Poland
    Abstract: This case study explores the strategies, processes and outcomes of an education reform in Poland which was introduced in 2009 and substantively changed the school inspection system. Its analysis looks in particular at the co-operation between the central and the local level throughout the implementation of the programme. In order to address the shortcomings of the prior inspection system, the reform combined internal and external evaluation in school supervision practice and put greater emphasis on collaboration among stakeholders. The results of the analysis show that the reform has had a great impact on the organisation of inspectorates, introducing modern principles such as teamwork and self-evaluation. Also, it affected the attitudes of important actors in the education system regarding the relevance of data to support internal and external school evaluation. The overall goals and aims of the reform gained the support of the various stakeholders. However, the implementation and communication processes were seen as deficient, especially in terms of a lack of capacity to roll out the reform as well as a lack of trust/disbelief that evaluation can be used for improvement, rather than the expected punitive purposes. Nevertheless, the reform achieved first structural steps towards building a culture of self-evaluation, which had thus far not been part of the Polish education system.
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  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA à la loupe no.46
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Does Homework Perpetuate Inequities in Education?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Does Homework Perpetuate Inequities in Education?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Si après leur journée d’école, la plupart des élèves de 15 ans consacrent une partie de leur temps à faire leurs devoirs, ce temps a néanmoins diminué entre 2003 et 2012. Les élèves issus d’un milieu socio-économique favorisé et ceux qui fréquentent un établissement favorisé sur le plan socio-économique consacrent en général davantage de temps aux devoirs. La quantité de devoirs donnés aux élèves est associée à la performance en mathématiques des élèves et des établissements, mais d’autres facteurs influent davantage sur la performance globale des systèmes d’éducation.
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9789264216143
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource , ill.
    Series Statement: TALIS
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. A Teachers' Guide to TALIS 2013; Teaching and Learning International Survey
    DDC: 370
    Keywords: Education ; Electronic books
    Abstract: L’Enquête internationale sur l’enseignement et l’apprentissage (TALIS) de l’OCDE est une enquête internationale à grande échelle portant sur les conditions de travail des enseignants et l’environnement d’apprentissage dans leurs établissements. Le Guide TALIS à l’intention des enseignants aide les enseignants et les chefs d’établissements à comprendre les résultats de l’enquête, tout en leur suggérant des possibilités de mesures pour améliorer l’enseignement et l’apprentissage au sein de leurs établissements.
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  • 87
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264204027
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'évaluation des compétences des adultes ; Manuel à l'usage des lecteurs
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The survey of adult skills
    RVK:
    Keywords: Erwachsene ; Qualifikation ; Bildungsniveau ; Erwachsenenbildung ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Erwachsener ; Schreib- und Lesefähigkeit ; Rechenfähigkeit ; Informationstechnik ; OECD
    Abstract: This reader’s companion for the Survey of Adult Skills explains what the survey measures and the methodology behind the measurements, provides content of the background questionnaires, examines the relationship between this survey and other skills surveys, as well the issues of ‘key competencies” and measurements of human capital.
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  • 88
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264200197
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (228 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mejorar la Educación en México ; Una perspectiva estatal desde Puebla
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Improving education in Mexico
    Keywords: Schulpolitik ; Mexiko ; Puebla (Staat) ; Education ; Mexico ; Staat Puebla ; Schule ; Schulentwicklung
    Abstract: How can the state of Puebla improve its education system? Within an international perspective, this report analyses the major challenges facing the state’s education system, current policy initiatives, and innovative practices. It highlights that a long-term strategy, a stronger capacity to lead improvements and reforms in four main policy areas are keystones for educational improvement. With insights from top performing systems and those with a similar reform trajectory, it sets out strategies for action to make change happen.
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264179981
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (81 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: PISA
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Let's Read Them a Story! The Parent Factor in Education
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: L’éducation commence à la maison. Si simples soient-ils, les premiers mots qu’un parent dit à son enfant lui ouvrent les portes du langage et l’initient à un monde d’exploration et de découverte. Lorsque la scolarité officielle débute, de nombreux parents croient que leur rôle éducatif prend fin. En réalité, l’éducation est une responsabilité partagée et selon les dernières conclusions de l’enquête PISA, l’engagement des parents dans l’éducation est essentiel au succès de leur enfant tout au long de sa scolarité et bien au-delà. Lisons-leur une histoire ! Le facteur parental dans l’éducation rend non seulement compte des conclusions et des analyses de l’enquête PISA, mais offre aussi aux parents, aux enseignants et aux décideurs des suggestions concrètes pour améliorer l’engagement parental, tout en soulignant les formes d’activités les plus fortement associées à l’amélioration des performances en compréhension de l’écrit. Il présente également une kyrielle d’exemples de programmes provenant du monde entier qui favorisent un engagement parental efficace et des partenariats fructueux entre les parents et les écoles. Enfin, il montre surtout aux parents qu’il n’est jamais trop tôt – ni trop tard – pour s’engager dans l’éducation de son enfant.
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264203488
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (219 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Educational Research and Innovation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovative learning environments
    RVK:
    Keywords: Bildungsforschung ; Education ; Lernumwelt ; Bildungsforschung
    Abstract: How to design a powerful learning environment so that learners can thrive in the 21st century? OECD’s Innovative Learning Environments (ILE) is an ambitious international study that responds to this challenging question. The study earlier released the influential publication The Nature of Learning: Using Research to Inspire Practice. This companion volume is based on 40 in-depth case studies of powerful 21st century learning environments that have taken the innovation journey. Innovative Learning Environments presents a wealth of international material and features a new framework for understanding these learning environments, organised into eight chapters. Richly illustrated by the many local examples, it argues that a contemporary learning environment should: Innovate the elements and dynamics of its “pedagogical core”. Become a “formative organisation” through strong design strategies with corresponding learning leadership, evaluation and feedback. Open up to partnerships to grow social and professional capital, and to sustain renewal and dynamism. Promote 21st century effectiveness through the application of the ILE learning principles. In conclusion it offers pointers to how this can be achieved, including the role of technology, networking, and changing organisational cultures. This report will prove to be an invaluable resource for all those interested in schooling. It will be of particular interest to teachers, education leaders, parents, teacher educators, advisors and decision-makers, as well as the research community. “Much has been written about learning environments, and about innovation but nowhere will you find such a deep and cogent portrayal of the key principles as in the OECD's report, Innovative Learning Environments. Learners, pedagogical core, learning environments, partnerships, sustainability - it's all captured in this remarkable volume.” (Michael Fullan, OC, Professor Emeritus, OISE, University of Toronto) “Everyone in education is talking about innovation. What is different here is that the best of what we know about learning is at the centre and is richly illustrated with real cases to answer the question, ‘What will this look like?’” (Helen Timperley, Professor, Faculty of Education, University of Auckland) “From OECD's The Nature of Learning to Innovative Learning Environments, this second ILE volume inspires and guides all who are committed to creating , enacting and sustaining powerful learning. To know that this is possible - that we can and are creating ‘schooling for tomorrow’ today - is the gift of this book.” (Anthony Mackay: Co-Chair, Global Education Leaders Program; Chair, Innovation Unit UK) “What impresses me about this work is the clarity about the links between complex goals, processes and outcomes through a focus on innovative learning environments across the globe. Innovative Learning Environments manages both to bring alive the lived realities of very different people at the same time as distilling principles and key messages." (Philippa Cordingley, Chief Executive, Centre for the Use of Research and Evidence in Education (CUREE), UK) “As societies experience unprecedented and unpredictable change, schools and education systems are at the nexus of hope for the future. OECD’s report Innovative Learning Environments documents how educators in a number of countries are engaging in bold and forward-thinking innovations to renew, re-imagine and re-invent contexts for teaching and learning, and, most importantly, provides inspiration to take the journey.” (Professor Lorna Earl, President 2011-2013, International Congress for School Effectiveness and Improvement)
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264202733
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Women and financial education
    Keywords: Frauen ; Finanzwissen ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Education ; Finance and Investment ; Bericht ; Frau ; Finanzwirtschaft ; Bildung ; OECD
    Abstract: Gender equality in terms of economic and financial opportunities is becoming increasingly relevant at both national and international level. The need to address the financial literacy of women and girls as a way to improve their financial empowerment, opportunities, and well-being has been acknowledged by the G20 Leader’s Declaration in June 2012, as well as part of a wider horizontal OECD project on gender equality. The OECD International Network on Financial Education (INFE) established a dedicated workstream in 2010 to address the needs of women for financial education under the support of the Russia/World Bank/OECD Trust Fund for financial literacy and education. This book collects the work carried out within this workstream, including policy guidance to help policy makers address women's and girls' needs for financial education, and a comprehensive analysis of the current status of knowledge on gender differences in financial literacy and policy responses in terms of financial education for women and girls.
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  • 92
    ISBN: 9789264183766
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (123 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Upgrading School Buildings in Mexico with Social Participation; The Better Schools Programme
    Keywords: Education ; Mexico
    Abstract: Esta revisión del Programa Mejores Escuelas (PME) en México se llevó a cabo en el 2012 por el Centro de Ambiente de Aprendizaje Efectivo (CELE por su acrónimo en inglés) de la OCDE. En el 2008, el gobierno federal creó el programa para reparar y mejorar la infraestructura física de las escuelas de educación básica en todo México. Una característica clave del programa es la participación social y el compromiso de cada comunidad escolar. Las recomendaciones del equipo de revisión ofrecen un análisis útil a todos los gobiernos que invierten en infraestructura educativa para mejorar la calidad de la educación.
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  • 93
    ISBN: 9789264191693
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (103 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Revisión de Políticas Nacionales de Educación
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education; Quality Assurance in Higher Education in Chile 2013
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology ; Chile
    Abstract: A lo largo de los últimos 50 años, la educación superior de los países de la OCDE se ha caracterizado por los fenómenos de expansión y diversificación. Chile no es una excepción a esta tendencia: se ha experimentado un aumento espectacular enel número de alumnos, así como de la oferta de nuevas instituciones y carreras. No obstante, el aumento de la participación y la diversificación del sistema sólo es una parte de la historia. La sociedad chilena sigue experimentando altas desigualdades a nivel económico y social. La calidad de la oferta de formación académica, profesional y técnica difiere entre programas e instituciones. El establecimiento de una cultura de calidad en la educación superior que vaya más allá de la acreditación, juntamente con el suministro de información fidedigna, son temas que preocupan no sólo a las instituciones, sino también a los estudiantes, los empresarios y a la sociedad chilena en general.Este informe analiza el funcionamiento del Sistema Nacional de Aseguramiento de la Calidad de la Educación Superior (SINAC-ES). El equipo de expertos de la OCDE proporciona una serie de principios básicos que cree que reflejan prácticas a nivel internacional que son de relevancia y utilidad para el caso de Chile. A lo largo del informe se encuentran una serie de recomendaciones de mejora en referencia a: el encaje del SINAC-ES en el sistema de educación superior y la sociedad chilena, el enfoque de su trabajo, su estructura y liderazgo, así como las funciones de licenciamiento, acreditación e información que desarrolla el sistema.
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  • 94
    ISBN: 9789264180710
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (348 p.)
    Series Statement: Revisión de Políticas Nacionales de Educación
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education; Tertiary Education in Colombia 2012
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology ; Colombia
    Abstract: En Colombia, el inicio del nuevo siglo ha traído consigo un sentimiento palpable de optimismo. Colombianos y visitantes sienten que el importante potencial del país puede ser realizado y se considera, con razón, que la educación es crucial en este proceso. A medida que las oportunidades se expanden, los colombianos necesitarán de nuevas y mejores competencias para responder a los nuevos retos y perspectivas.El gobierno está por lo tanto decidido a tratar los principales retos de la educación superior en el país: ampliar la cobertura y mejorar la equidad, aumentar la calidad y la relevancia, y hacer que la gobernabilidad y las finanzas funcionen mejor. Colombia tiene más de una década de progreso y la energía para alcanzar sus ambiciosos objetivos. Cómo lograr esas metas en la práctica implica el diálogo y la búsqueda de consenso entre todos los participantes, así como nuevos recursos y nuevas reglas.
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264202368
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (80 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. A Skills beyond School Review of Germany
    Keywords: Education ; Germany
    Abstract: Der Übergang von der Schule ins Arbeitsleben verläuft in Deutschland bemerkenswert reibungslos. Ein vortrefflich ausgebautes Berufsbildungssystem gestattet es jungen Menschen, gut vorbereitet in den Arbeitsmarkt zu gehen und Arbeitsplätze zu finden, die ihren Qualifikationen entsprechen. Die berufliche Bildung des sogenannten Sekundarbereichs II, die in Deutschland vor allem durch das duale System geprägt ist, schafft ein solides Fundament für spätere Weiterqualifizierung, insbesondere durch die postsekundäre berufliche Bildung. Mit einem Teil dieser fortgeschrittenen beruflichen Ausbildung – nämlich mit Fachschulen und Fortbildungsgängen wie etwa zum Meister – beschäftigt sich die jüngste Länderanalyse der OECD.
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264200180
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (270 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Higher Education in Regional and City Development
    Keywords: Hochschule ; Regionalentwicklung ; Regionalpolitik ; Spanien ; Education ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Spain
    Abstract: The Basque country stands out in the Spanish landscape thanks to its industrial strength and well-educated workforce. How can the Basque Country make the best use of skills and knowledge against a backdrop of growing competition from emerging economies and ageing population? This publication explores a range of helpful policy measures and institutional reforms to mobilise higher education for regional development. It is part of the series of the OECD reviews of Higher Education in Regional and City Development. These reviews help mobilise higher education institutions for economic, social and cultural development of cities and regions. They analyse how the higher education system impacts upon regional and local development and brings together universities, other higher education institutions and public and private agencies to identify strategic goals and to work towards them.
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  • 97
    ISBN: 9789264028050
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Equity and Quality in Education; Supporting Disadvantaged Students and Schools
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Equity and Quality in Education: Supporting Disadvantaged Students and Schools
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Dans les pays de l’OCDE, près d’un élève sur cinq n’atteint pas le niveau minimum de compétences de base. En outre, les élèves issus de milieux socio-économiques défavorisés sont deux fois plus susceptibles d’obtenir de mauvais résultats scolaires. Le manque d’équité et d’inclusion peut entraîner l’échec scolaire : en moyenne, un jeune sur cinq quitte ainsi l’école avant la fin du deuxième cycle de l’enseignement secondaire. La réduction de l’échec scolaire est bénéfique, tant pour la société que pour les individus. Les systèmes d’éducation les plus performants des pays de l’OCDE sont ceux qui allient qualité et équité. Ce rapport présente une série de recommandations politiques pour permettre aux systèmes d’éducation d’accompagner l’ensemble de leurs élèves vers la réussite.
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: PISA à la loupe no.31
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Who are the Academic All-rounders?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: En moyenne, dans les pays de l’OCDE, environ 4 % des élèves sont très performants en compréhension de l’écrit, en mathématiques et en sciences (soit les élèves très performants dans toutes les matières). En Australie, en Finlande, à Hong-Kong (Chine), en Nouvelle-Zélande, à Shanghai (Chine) et à Singapour, le pourcentage de ces élèves est plus élevé que dans tout autre pays ou économie.
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.93
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This paper explores the participation of low- and middle-income countries in OECD’s Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). It provides a detailed description of partner countries’ participation across PISA rounds and the challenges faced by low- and middle-income partner countries in effectively implementing and deriving policy value from PISA. Specific challenges are illustrated with examples from Tunisia and Kyrgyzstan. Many partner countries lag considerably behind OECD countries on various dimensions of social and economic development. Three OECD countries – Chile, Mexico, Turkey – also differ from higher-income OECD countries in regards to educational achievement and other indicators of social and economic development. After grouping countries based on income (GNI per capita), this paper shows that the cognitive performance of students in countries participating in PISA varies considerably not only between different country income groups but also within them. Analysis of PISA performance in relation to national wealth provides strong arguments for grouping countries according to their social and economic development when reflecting on challenges of participation and effective use of PISA. Lack of funding and governments’ fear of bad performance have been stated as potential deterrents to participation. Lack of institutional capacity and less relevant results due to a non-representative sample of 15 year-olds and clustering of students at low proficiency levels are discussed as main challenges for the effective use of PISA. The paper concludes with some considerations on how to improve the effective use of PISA results in these countries that may be particularly relevant in the context of the OECD’s recently launched initiative called PISA for Development.
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (11 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Trends Shaping Education Spotlights no.1
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Countries across the OECD are in the midst of a rapid demographic transformation. Average life expectancy across OECD countries has risen from 69 years in 1970 to an average of 79.7 years in 2010. Countries where life expectancy was once low, such as Turkey, are rapidly reaching the OECD average. Indeed, by 2100, the median age across all OECD and BRIC (Brazil, Russian Federation, India and China) countries is forecasted to reach 45 years. As the average age increases, so too does the proportion of the elderly (〉 80 years).
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