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  • 2000-2004  (75)
  • 1980-1984  (16)
  • 1970-1974  (5)
  • Dordrecht : Springer  (96)
  • Humanities  (96)
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  • 1
    ISBN: 9781402024559
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 287 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 239
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 239
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Physics. ; History ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This book collects contributions by some of the leading scholars working on seventeenth-century mechanics and the mechanical philosophy. Together, the articles provide a broad and accurate picture of the fortune of Galileo's theory of motion in Europe and of the various physical, mathematical, and ontological arguments that were used in favour and against it. Were Galileo's contemporaries really aware of what Westfall has described as "the incompatibility between the demands of mathematical mechanics and the needs of mechanical philosophy"? To what extent did Galileo's silence concerning the cause of free fall impede the acceptance of his theory of motion? Which methods were used, before the invention of the infinitesimal calculus, to check the validity of Galileo's laws of free fall and of parabolic motion? And what sort of experiments were invoked in favour or against these laws? These and related questions are addressed in this volume
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9789401703918
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (364 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 186
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 186
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy. ; Ontology ; History ; Political science. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: The study of natural law theories is presently one of the most fruitful areas of research in the studies of early modern intellectual history, and moral and political theory. Likewise the historical significance of the Enlightenment for the development of `modernisation' in many different forms continues to be the subject of controversy. This collection therefore offers a timely opportunity to re-examine both the coherence of the concept of an `early Enlightenment', and the specific contribution of natural law theories to its formation. The works of major thinkers such as Grotius, Hobbes, Locke, Malebranche, Pufendorf and Thomasius are reassessed, and the appeal and importance of the discourse of natural jurisprudence both to those working inside conventional educational and political structures and to those outside - such as in the Huguenot diaspora - is evaluated. This volume will therefore be of importance to all those readers concerned to study the character of the debates in the period 1650-1750 surrounding moral and political agency, sovereignty and obligation, and the legitimation of religious toleration in the divergent states and patriotic contexts of Europe
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401729468
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXII, 416 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 231
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 231
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Humanities ; Epistemology. ; History ; Political science. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: In Science and Culture, Joseph Agassi addresses scientism and relativism, two false philosophies that divorce science from culture in general and from tradition in particular. According to Agassi, science is an integral part of culture, and both scientism and relativism ignore the cultural value of science. This work helps break the isolation of science from the rest of culture by promoting popular science and reasonable history of science. Agassi provides examples of the value of science to culture at large, discussions of items of the general culture and their interactions with science, and practical strategies and tools. He offers a wide variety of case studies to exemplify these. In this book Agassi puts significant topics such as autonomy, tolerance, reason, philosophy and responsibility on the agenda of democratic philosophy today
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9789401701853
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 243 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Atmospheric sciences. ; Cultural heritage. ; Fine arts. ; Environmental management ; Biotechnology ; Environmental engineering. ; Bioremediation. ; Atmospheric science. ; Cultural property. ; Arts.
    Abstract: This book is the first to give a general overview of the application of aerobiology (the science that studies the biological components of the atmosphere) to the conservation of our cultural heritage. Aerobiological monitoring makes it possible to estimate the risks of degradation of artefacts of historical or artistic importance by airborne microorganisms (airborne spores and vegetative structures) according to the types of materials forming the artefacts, to the conditions of the microclimate and to the type of environmental pollution, thus enabling the planning of preventive or reparative intervention
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9789401701877
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 249 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 182
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 182
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; History ; Anthropology ; Plant science. ; Botany. ; Plant systematics. ; Plant taxonomy.
    Abstract: This volume completes a trilogy meant to be a commentary on the botanophilia that captured the literate public in 18th-century France. Enthusiastic public support for any governmental initiative likely to expand botanical knowledge was an expression of immense curiosity about the natural world beyond Europe, which extended into a curiosity about primitive people and cultures little known. It amounted to a quest for universal knowledge that could benefit all mankind: useful knowledge that could improve the human condition in this life. That was the spirit of the Enlightenment, the sciences believed to be the key to humanity's advancement. The botanists exploring abroad brought back exciting quantities of new species and genera, but also a message about the condition of primitive people that undercut the fashionable image of noble savagery. No matter how dispiriting were some of the conditions they observed abroad, they retained a faith that ignorance and superstition could be vanquished
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9789401141420
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (LXI, 267 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 200
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 200
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The most outstanding feature of this book is that here, for the first time, is made available in a single volume all the important historical essays Edgar Zilsel (1891-1944) published during WWII on the emergence of modern science. This edition also contains one previously unpublished essay and an extended version of an essay published earlier. In these essays, Zilsel developed the now famous thesis, named after him, that science came into being when, in the late Middle Ages, the social barriers between the intellectuals and the artisans were eroded, due to the fact that the rapidly expanding commercial classes of that period had a keen interest in improvements in technology. This class was city-based and stimulated a social environment in which men of learning came to regard the craftsmen and technicians with a new respect, in which they no longer felt any contempt for manual work and in which theory and practice were eventually combined to produce modern science. This critical edition also carries a long introduction in which much new material about Zilsel's life and work is presented. It suggests that a radical new look at Zilsel's project needs to be taken. Zilsel's essays on the history of science look like a standard case study to substantiate a particular position on the origins of modern science, but they were also an attempt to show that lawlike explanation in history and social theory is possible. It is claimed that Zilsel's historical essays were a part of another project he was working on which focused on the idea that social phenomena were open to causal explanation as much as physical phenomena. Hence the volume also contains the essays Zilsel wrote in relation to this other project. Previously there have been published a German and an Italian edition of the Zilsel essays. This edition is the first in English; compared to the other two editions this one is the first that includes unpublished material and the first to undertake a serious effort to research Zilsel's life and work. What is special about this volume is the well-articulated social perspective it takes on the origins of modern science
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400708228
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 237 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 319
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Humanities ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: (Over)Interpreting Wittgenstein will be read by philosophers investigating Wittgenstein and by scholars, interpreters, students, and specialists, in both analytic and continental philosophy. It will intrigue readers interested in issues of interpretation and cultural studies. This book tells the story - as yet untold - of Wittgenstein interpretation during the past eighty years. It provides different interpretations, chronologies, developments, and controversies. It aims to discover the (socio-cultural rather than psychological) motives and motivations behind the philosophical community's project of interpreting Wittgenstein. As a cultural history of ideas, it traces the parallelism between Wittgenstein interpretation and the move from metaphysics, to language, to postmodernism effected in the twentieth century
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401703611
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 270 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion. ; Mathematics.
    Abstract: Until recently, the contribution of the Society of Jesus to the Scientific Revolution remained sketchy at best, as the perception of the Jesuits as plodding pedagogues and obscurantists sanctioned the disregard of their activities. The present volume makes an important contribution toward a more nuanced appreciation of the Jesuits' interaction with "modernity", and a far greater recognition of their contribution to the two poles of modern science: the mathematization of natural philosophy and experimental science. The six essays provide a cross-section of the complex Jesuit encounter with the mathematical sciences during the seventeenth century, as well as a factor in the quandary faced by practitioners in their pursuit of science and in their ability to make their research public
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789401000437
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (254p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Landscapes: The Arts, Aesthetics, and Education 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Fine arts. ; Cultural heritage. ; Art education. ; Teaching. ; Arts. ; Cultural property. ; Art—Study and teaching. ; Teachers—Training of.
    Abstract: Researching Visual Arts Education in Museums and Galleries brings together case studies from Europe, Asia and North America, in a way that will lay a foundation for international co-operation in the future development and communication of practice-based research. The research in each of the cases directly stems from educational practice in very particular contexts, indicating at once the variety and detail of practitioners' concerns and their common interests
    Description / Table of Contents: From the Contents: Introduction -- Section A: Museums and Lifelong Learning -- Section B: Museums and Formal Education -- Section C: Museums and Personal Discovery -- Section D: Landscaping The Future -- Index.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401703192
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XX, 339 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Early Modern Religious Reforms 2
    Series Statement: Studies in Early Modern Religious Tradition, Culture and Society 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy. ; History ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: This collection of seventeen essays addresses the substance of Richard Hooker's achievement as a theologian and philosopher in the context of principal themes of English Reformation thought. Hooker has been variously described as a Protestant scholastic, Renaissance Aristotelian, Erasmian humanist, Thomist, moderate Calvinist, and founder of a distinctive new theological method. The main thrust of these essays is to weigh such protean claims against careful readings of his oeuvre. Five principal loci of Reformation discourse are addressed: 1) the relation between the "orders" of Grace and Nature; 2) the doctrines of Providence and Predestination; 3) the Church and the liturgy; 4) sacramental theology; and 5) the polemical cut-and-thrust of the late-Elizabethan context. Scholars, seminarians, and students alike will find that this volume offers a fresh, critical illumination of Hooker's distinctive contribution to sixteenth-century religious reform
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401701310
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVIII, 495 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 184
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 184
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: The theme of scepticism has been central in the study of the history of ideas in modern times since Richard Popkin's and Charles Schmitt's works. After them, the assumption connected with the philosophical notion of scepticism was broadened so as to define the critical use of reason and doubt concerning the truth of religion, the function of politics, the aims of science, thus becoming a central intellectual issue in the making of modernity. In this collection of articles (in fact the proceedings of an international conference held in Vercelli) special care is dedicated to placing the theme of scepticism within its philosophical tradition. Moreover, in comparison with other historical studies, the English philosophical thinkers appear here in the foreground, with a number of contributions on Hobbes, Locke, Cambridge Platonists and the Latitude-Men. The French Context also, ranging from Descartes to Malebranche, from Arnauld and Port-Royal to Huet, Bayle and his followers, is explored in depth. Some articles deal with Italian major figures (Vico and Galilei above all) and Spanish culture. Special care is dedicated to the relationships between history of philosophical ideas and the problems rising from the history of sciences (medicine, physics, linguistics, historical scholarship) in the 17th and the 18th centuries. Level of readership or target groups: University Courses, University Libraries, Specialized scholars
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9789401701792
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 349 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Zorn, Hans [Rezension von: Friedman, Russell L., The Medieval Heritage in Early Modern Metaphysics and Modal Theory, 1400-1700] 2006
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 53
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Medieval philosophy. ; Cultural studies. ; Philosophy, medieval ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; History ; Philosophy. ; Culture—Study and teaching.
    Abstract: The thirteen articles brought together in this volume explore key aspects of the transmission of learning and the transformation of thought from the late Middle Ages to the early modern period. Focusing on important topics in early modern metaphysics, philosophical theology, and modal theory, the contributions gathered here view developments in the early modern period against the backdrop of late-medieval scholasticism. This approach not only reveals the continuity of Western intellectual life in a period of profound change, but also makes it possible to identify with precision what is original in early modern thought. The topics dealt with include metaphysics as a science, the rise of probabilistic modality, freedom of the human will, as well as the role and validity of logical reasoning in speculative theology. The volume will be of interest to scholars who work on medieval and early modern philosophy, theology, and intellectual history
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction -- 2. Via Antiqua and Via Moderna in the Fifteenth Century: Doctrinal, Institutional, and Church Political Factors in the Wegestreit -- 3. Ockham and Locke on Mental Language- 4. Metaphysics as a Discipline: From the "Transcendental Philosophy of the Ancients" to Kant's Notion of Transcendental Philosophy -- 5. God as First Principle and Metaphysics as a Science -- 6. Gabriel Biel and Later-Medieval Trinitarian Theology.-7. The Question of the Validity of Logic in Late Medieval Thought -- 8. Uses of Philosophy in Reformation Thought: Melanchthon, Schegk, and Crellius -- 9. Divine Foreknowledge and Human Freedom: Auriol, Pomponazzi, and Luther on "Scholastic Subtleties" -- 10. The Ontological Source of Logical Possibility in Catholic Second Scholasticism -- 11. The Renaissance of Statistical Modalities in Early Modern Scholasticism -- 12. Modal Logic in Germany at the Beginning of the Seventeenth Century: Christoph Scheibler's Opus Logicum -- 13. Leibniz on Compossibility: Some Scholastic Sources -- Index of Names.
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  • 13
    ISBN: 9789401735841
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (365 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 233
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 233
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Regional planning ; Culture—Study and teaching. ; Chemistry ; History ; Culture. ; Ethnology.
    Abstract: Travels have without doubt been a perennial source of attraction to scholars in different fields. Yet historians of science have seldom looked at travels within the European space. Travels of Learning will help to fill this gap. It offers a reappraisal of the topic of scientific and technological travelling and takes the viewpoint of the European peripheries, including case studies of Portugal, Spain, Greece, Turkey, Russia, Hungary and the Scandinavian countries. The book covers different periods of time and different local settings, and uses a variety of methodological approaches. It contributes to the clarification of mechanisms of appropriation of scientific ideas, instruments, practices and of technological expertise. This book is of interest to scholars and students of history and philosophy of science and technology, to cultural and social historians and to scholars and students of science, technology and society studies. It will also appeal to high school teachers
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401702171
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVI, 278 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées 185
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 185
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; History ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History. ; Philosophy, Modern.
    Abstract: Henry More (1614-1687), the Cambridge Platonist, is often presented as an elusive and contradictory figure. An early apologist for the new natural philosophy and its rational support for Christian doctrine, More also defended the existence of witchcraft and wrote extensively on the nature of the soul and the world of spirits. A vigorous and prolific controversialist against many varieties of contemporary `atheism' and `enthusiasm', More was himself a spiritual perfectionist and illuminist, believing that the goal of the religious life was a conscious union with God. Until now, most biographies of More have ignored these, his own, preoccupations, and have made of him a rather eccentric but important illustrative figure in one of several larger narratives dominated by canonical figures like Descartes, Boyle, Spinoza or Newton. This is the first modern biography to place his own religious and philosophical preoccupations centre-stage, and to provide a coherent interpretation of his work from a consideration of his own writings, their contexts and aims. It is also the first study of More to exploit the full range of his prolific writings and a number of unknown manuscripts relating to his life. In addition, it contains an annotated handlist of his extant correspondence
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401701754
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 292 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science 68
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 68
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy and science. ; History ; Philosophy—History. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Ernst Mach (1838-1916) was a seminal philosopher-scientist and a deserving member of the canon of major twentieth-century thinkers. Yet, despite a healthy resurgence in Mach studies, he is still widely thought to represent a simplistic positivist, even sensationalist, position that does not at all reflect the depth of Mach's interests and subtlety as a philosopher. By exploring Mach's views on science as well as philosophy, this book attempts to wrest him free from his customary association with logical positivism and to reinterpret him on his own terms as a natural philosopher and naturalist about human knowledge. Mach's development and his influences from 19th century German philosophy and science are probed in great conceptual and historical detail, and attention is paid to his unpublished Nachlaß as well as to the affinities between Mach's thought and that of other major philosopher-scientists such as Einstein, Bertrand Russell, William James, Helmholtz, Riemann, Herbart and Kant. In particular, the book strives to set forth the true nature of Mach's sensation-elements, the motivations for his critique of the concepts of space and time in physics, and the real meaning of his famous critique of metaphysics. The author's work has appeared in Synthese, Kant-Studien, Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics and the Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, but here these inquiries are gathered into a unified historico-critical treatment that follows Mach's conceptual development and the culmination of his work in a unique and intriguing natural philosophy. Physicists, psychologists, philosophers of science, historians of twentieth-century thought and culture, and educators will find this volume a valuable help in interpreting Mach's ideas in a context that includes philosophy and science and the bridge between them
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9789401001854
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 306 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences 23
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 23
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Social sciences Methodology ; Sociology. ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: This volume brings together contributions that resemble spotlights thrown on the past twenty-five years of science and technology studies. The contributions cover a broad range: history of science; science and politics; science and contemporary democracy; science and the public; science and the constitution; science and metaphors; and science and modernity. The contributors provide a critical overview of how the field of science and technology studies has emerged and developed. While assessing major achievements and potential, they also cast a critical view on deficiencies; provide a diagnosis of where we stand at present and articulate thoughtful concerns about where to go from here. The 2002 Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook provides ideal teaching material for discussion in class. Social Studies of Science and Technology: Looking Back, Ahead is for practising professionals and students in social studies of science and technology. It is also relevant to social scientists who realize the importance of science and technology in contemporary society and to natural scientists who want to find out what this field has to offer
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface: Yet Another Turn -- 1. The Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook: A Personal Retrospective -- I: STS and Society -- 2. Sciences, Science Studies and their Publics: Speculating on Future Relations -- 3. Is That Politics?- 4.Science and the Postmodern Shift in Contemporary Democracies -- II: STS and The Social Sciences. 5. History of Social Science: Understanding Modernity and Rethinking Social Studies of Science. 6. The `Triple Helix' and `New Production of Knowledge' as Socio-Cognitive Fields. 7. The Conundrum of Consciousness: Changing Landscapes of Knowledge at the Turn of the Millennium. 8. In a Constitutional Moment: Science and Social Order at the Millennium -- III: STS - Emergence of a Field. 9. Growth, Differentiation, Expansion and Change of Identity - The Future of Science. 10. Institutionalizing Science & Technology Studies in the Academy. 11. Prolepsis: Considerations for Histories of Science After 2000. 12. Joy in Repetition Makes the Future Disappear: a Critical Assessment of the Present State of STS. 13. Reflections on the Millennium, Calendars, and the Gregorian Hegemony -- List of Contributors -- Biographical Notes -- Author Index.
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401726184
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 259 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: A Discourse of the World Religions 5
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Genetic epistemology ; Religion (General) ; History ; Epistemology. ; Religion.
    Abstract: Religions are the largest communities of the global society and claim, at least in the cases of Islam and Christianity, to be universal interpretations of life and orders of existence. With the globalization of the world economy and the unity of the global society in the Internet, they gain unprecedented access to the entire human race through modern means of communication. At the same time, this globalization brings religions into conflict with one another in their claims to universal validity. How can the conflict of religions be defused? The speculative, philosophical method of dealing with a religion is a way to present one's own religious convictions in the medium of philosophy and rational discourse. The philosophical approach to religion can serve as the basis of the conversation of the world religions, without dissolving their truth claims. It can reduce dogmatic claims and contribute to overcoming fundamentalism. Philosophy builds bridges between religions. The series A Discourse of the World Religions presents with this volume the fifth and last of the EXPO-Discourses of the World Religions, which took place near the end of the World Exposition EXPO 2000 in Hannover, Germany. The five EXPO-Discourses were held before and during the World Exposition EXPO 2000 in Hannover with the objective of a philosophical-theological dialogue of religions about central themes of their teachings. The series aims at a deeper understanding of the similarities and differences between Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam in their theological and philosophical propositions. It sees in philosophy a bridge between the religions and a means to overcome religious hostility and fundamentalism and to further the dialogue of the religions
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401002370
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (256p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Brain and Mind 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Psychology, clinical ; Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy of mind ; Neuropsychology. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Philosophy and Neuroscience: A Ruthlessly Reductive Account is the first book-length treatment of philosophical issues and implications in current cellular and molecular neuroscience. John Bickle articulates a philosophical justification for investigating "lower level" neuroscientific research and describes a set of experimental details that have recently yielded the reduction of memory consolidation to the molecular mechanisms of long-term potentiation (LTP). These empirical details suggest answers to recent philosophical disputes over the nature and possibility of psycho-neural scientific reduction, including the multiple realization challenge, mental causation, and relations across explanatory levels. Bickle concludes by examining recent work in cellular neuroscience pertaining to features of conscious experience, including the cellular basis of working memory, the effects of explicit selective attention on single-cell activity in visual cortex, and sensory experiences induced by cortical microstimulation.
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401002899
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 559 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 230
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 230
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy and science. ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: Do knowledge and science arise from the application of canons of rationality and scientific method? Or is all our scientific knowledge caused by socio-political factors, or by our interests in the socio-political - the view of sociologists of "knowledge"? Or does it result from interplay of relations of power - the view of Michel Foucault? Or does our knowledge arise from "the will to power" - the view of Nietzsche? This volume sets out to critically examine the theses of those who would debunk the idea of rational explanation. The book is wide-ranging. The theories of method of Quine, Kuhn, Feyerabend (amongst others) are discussed and related to the views of Marx, Foucault, Wittgenstein and Nietzsche as well as sociologists of science such as Mannheim and Bloor. The author provides a wide interpretative framework which links the doctrines espoused by many of these authors; it is argued that they inherit many of the difficulties in the Strong Programme in the sociology of "knowledge", and that they fail to reconcile the normativity of knowledge with their naturalism. It is argued that neither relativists, sceptics, nihilists, sociologists of "knowledge" nor the postmodernists successfully debunk the claims of rational explanation, far from it: these theorists presuppose much of the theory of methodology they deny
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9789401598903
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVII, 300 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Argumentation Library 5
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Education Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Epistemology. ; Chemistry ; Education—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Many Sides is the first full-length study of Protagorean antilogic, an argumentative practice with deep roots in rhetorical history and renewed relevance for contemporary culture. Founded on the philosophical relativism of Protagoras, antilogic is a dynamic rather than a formal approach to argument, focused principally on the dialogical interaction of opposing positions (anti-logoi) in controversy. In ancient Athens, antilogic was the cardinal feature of Sophistic rhetoric. In Rome, Cicero redefined Sophistic argument in a concrete set of dialogical procedures. In turn, Quintilian inherited this dialogical tradition and made it the centrepiece of his own rhetorical practice and pedagogy. Many Sides explores the history, theory, and pedagogy of this neglected rhetorical tradition and, by appeal to recent rhetorical and philosophical theory, reconceives the enduring features of antilogical practice in a dialogical approach to argumentation especially suited to the pluralism of our own age and the diversity of modern classrooms
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9789401005708
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (368 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Regional planning ; Humanities ; Culture—Study and teaching. ; Cultural heritage. ; Ethics ; History ; Philosophy. ; Ethnology. ; Culture. ; Cultural property.
    Abstract: Refiguring the Archive at once expresses cutting-edge debates on `the archive' in South Africa and internationally, and pushes the boundaries of those debates. It brings together prominent thinkers from a range of disciplines, mainly South Africans but a number from other countries. Traditionally archives have been seen as preserving memory and as holding the past. The contributors to this book question this orthodoxy, unfolding the ways in which archives construct, sanctify, and bury pasts. In his contribution, Jacques Derrida (an instantly recognisable name in intellectual discourse worldwide) shows how remembering can never be separated from forgetting, and argues that the archive is about the future rather than the past. Collectively the contributors demonstrate the degree to which thinking about archives is embracing new realities and new possibilities. The book expresses a confidence in claiming for archival discourse previously unentered terrains. It serves as an early manual for a time that has already begun
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401700856
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 223 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Origins, Studies in the sources of scientific creativity 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy and science. ; Logic ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: For centuries, inconsistencies were seen as a hindrance to good reasoning, and their role in the sciences was ignored. In recent years, however, logicians as well as philosophers and historians have showed a growing interest in the matter. Central to this change were the advent of paraconsistent logics, the shift in attention from finished theories to construction processes, and the recognition that most scientific theories were at some point either internally inconsistent or incompatible with other accepted findings. The new interest gave rise to important questions. How is `logical anarchy' avoided? Is it ever rational to accept an inconsistent theory? In what sense, if any, can inconsistent theories be considered as true? The present collection of papers is the first to deal with this kind of questions. It contains case studies as well as philosophical analyses, and presents an excellent overview of the different approaches in the domain
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  • 23
    ISBN: 9789401727914
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 142 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: A Discourse of the World Religions 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; History ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion.
    Abstract: The question of the progress, the apocalyptic end, and the completion of history and the question of the life after death and the resurrection of the human person differ and are interconnected in the religions at the same time. The individual's completion and the completion of the world, the historical communities and humankind are conditional on each other. The world religions offer more than an interpretation of present history and the present world and existence of the human race. They also convey to humankind a theory of world history and of history before and above world history. This interpretation of universal history in the religions can be apocalypticism as the theory of the end of the world or apocalypticism and eschatology as the theory of the end, completion, and transfiguration of world and history. The completion of the world is inseparable from the completion of the individual human life in immortality and vice versa. Immortality is described in the Abrahamic religions as personal resurrection; in Hinduism as entering the divine self, the Atman; and in Buddhism as being united with the Buddha. How do the religions interpret universal history and what statements do they make about life after death? Leading scholars of Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have created with this volume a first-hand source of information, which enables the reader to gain a better understanding of these five world religions and their teachings about the end of history and the life after death of the human person
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401734394
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 273 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: How is linguistic theory related to linguistic practice? What do theoretical notions and models tell us about real-life language use? Are there any limits to what such notions and models can reasonably be taken to accomplish? These questions are fundamental to any serious investigation into the phenomena of human communication. The essays in this book show that philosophers and linguists of quite different brands have tended to give undue priority to their own favourite theoretical framework, and have presupposed that the descriptive scheme invoked by that framework constitutes a pattern to which any linguistic practice somehow has to conform. What unites the contributors to this volume is a critical attitude towards such essentialist aspirations. By investigating several concrete examples of this tendency - examples collected from such seemingly disparate areas as structuralism, contemporary analytic philosophy and feminist epistemology - the authors collectively manage to cast doubt on the very attempt to fit the whole of linguistic practice into a general theoretical mould
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Part I: Historical Perspectives. On the Linguistic Turn in Philosophy. Humboldt: Grammatical Form and `Weltansicht'. Language as Sign and Use: A Study of Certain Aspects of Saussure's View of Language -- Part II: Prejudiced Preconceptions: Notions of Language Within Linguistics and Feminist Epistemology. Expression and Content in Linguistic Theory. The History of Swedish Grammar and Professor Chomsky. How Ordinary is Ordinary Experience? Language in Feminist Epistemology and Philosophy of Science -- Part III: The Practice of Meaning and Truth. Putnam on Truth. Meaning, Saying, Truth -- Part IV: Themes from Wittgenstein. Wittgenstein, Meursault and the Difficulty of Philosophy. Wittgenstein, Logical Form and Grammatical Remarks. On Rule-Following. Are We all Trapped in Nonsense? On the Need for a Listener and Community Standards -- References -- Notes on the Contributors -- Index.
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9789401002691
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 333 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 75
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Medicine ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Human genetics ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Philosophy and science.
    Abstract: Advances in genetics, such as the Human Genome Project's successful mapping of the human genome and the discovery of ever more sites of disease-related mutations, invite re-examination of basic concepts underlying our fundamental social practices and institutions. Having children, assigning responsibility, identifying causes, using social and scientific resources to improve human well-being, among other concepts, will never be the same. Our concepts of moral and legal responsibility, cause and effect, disease prevention, health, disability, enhancement, personal identity, and reproductive autonomy and responsibility are all subtly changing in response to developments in genetics. Biology, law, medicine, and other disciplines are also evolving in response to mutating concepts in genetics itself-for example, dominance, causation, behavior, gene expression, and gene. The selections in this volume employ philosophical and historical perspectives to shed light on classic social, ethical, and philosophical issues raised with renewed urgency against the backdrop of the mapping of the human genome
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9789401005876
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 226 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Physics. ; Chemistry ; History ; Science—History. ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The theme was chosen because of the great concern with the worldwide decreasing interest in the natural sciences. The image of these sciences as dull, uninspiring, masculine, environmentally unfriendly and very technical was mentioned as an important reason. Historical context would help in the discussions around these recent perceptions. Many intriguing questions are discussed. How is the changing image of the distinct sciences experienced by the general public, by the scientists themselves, or in disciplines in which natural sciences are applied? How can it be connected to the phenomenon of the low number of women in science? The book is useful to a broad spectrum of readers, from our colleagues in universities to the general public. It can very well be used as a textbook in undergraduate courses in the history of science and in science and society. In addition, the individual chapters can stand on their own and be studied in courses in the various sciences, or in philosophy
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9789401598927
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 172 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The Archivist’s Library 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Management information systems ; Information technology. ; Business—Data processing. ; Cultural heritage. ; Software engineering ; Library science ; Business information services. ; Cultural property.
    Abstract: This book addresses theoretical and practical issues relating to the reliability and authenticity of records created in the electronic environment by organizations of all kinds. It explores both the conceptual and practical problems of design of record-keeping systems that will allow organizations to maintain reliable and authentic electronic records. It analyzes the elements of electronic records using diplomatic analysis, thoroughly explains the concepts of reliability and authenticity as applied to records, and provides a careful exposition of the methods for creating and maintaining reliable and authentic electronic records. The research for this book was conducted in conjunction with the United States Department of Defense and influenced its standards for electronic record-keeping, which have been widely adopted by software manufacturers. Audience: This book is aimed at anyone involved in creation, maintenance, and preservation of electronic records, such as records managers, information systems managers, archivists. It will also serve as a basic text for students of records management and archives in post-secondary educational institutions
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9789401598705
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XX, 314 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Cognitive Systems 28
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Artificial intelligence ; History
    Abstract: The book provides a valuable text for undergraduate and graduate courses on the historical and theoretical issues of Cognitive Science, Artificial Intelligence, Psychology, Neuroscience, and the Philosophy of Mind. The book should also be of interest for researchers in these fields, who will find in it analyses of certain crucial issues in both the earlier and more recent history of their disciplines, as well as interesting overall insights into the current debate on the nature of mind. From the reviews: "..a book that will help those studying social sciences to realize the mechanical roots of the ongoing debate about cognition, but at the same time will help scholars of AI to put their discourse on intelligence in a historical and social perspective
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Chemical machines and action systems -- 2. Nervous conduction: early connectionism, physical analogies and machines -- 3. The Robot Approach -- 4. Behavior, purpose and teleology -- 5. Cybernetics and the origins of Artificial Intelligence -- 6. New steps towards the artificial -- 7. The many forms of the artificial -- References. List of machines -- Name Index -- Subject Index.
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401715508
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 390 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The GeoJournal Library 64
    Series Statement: GeoJournal Library 64
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Hydraulic engineering ; Humanities ; Geography ; Geographical information systems ; History ; Hydrogeology. ; Cultural heritage.
    Abstract: This is the first book of its kind to attempt a multi-disciplinary approach to understanding how terrain has affected the outcome of warfare in history. Taking a broad sweep from mediaeval times, the English Civil Wars of the 17th century and the Napoleonic Wars of the 18th century, its primary focus is on the major battles and engagements of the century of warfare from 1850 to 1950. Examining the American Civil War, the Anglo-Zulu War, the Boer War, the Great War of 1914-1918, the Spanish Civil War and finally the Second World War, it takes a total terrain view. All aspects of terrain, including the cultural and spiritual significance of battle, the physical geography and geology of the battlefield and the growing discipline of battlefield archaeology are covered. Audience: Intended as a text for the military historian, historical and physical geographer, practitioner of GIS or archaeologist, this volume also provides important case histories for advanced undergraduates, researchers and enthusiasts wishing to know more about the conduct of battle
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401720557
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIV, 225 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 5
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Science Study and teaching ; History ; Physics. ; Science education.
    Abstract: This book intends to answer the following questions: What made it possible to create the Cavendish Laboratory in the 1870s? What was the Laboratory's principal role within Cambridge University and how did this role change over time? Who performed research at the Cavendish, when did they work there, and what topics did they investigate? In what ways and to what extent did the Laboratory's directors influence the work of Cavendish researchers? How did the Cavendish become the mecca of experimental physics during the first third of the twentieth century? In short, why was the Cavendish Laboratory so successful? In his search for the most plausible answers, the author makes clear that the history of Cavendish Laboratory is not only the story of a successful physics laboratory but also the story of great men
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  • 31
    ISBN: 9789401700771
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 175 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 16
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 16
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Algebra ; Mathematics ; History ; Mathematics—Study and teaching .
    Abstract: In the early modern period, a crucial transformation occurred in the classical conception of number and magnitude. Traditionally, numbers were merely collections of discrete units that measured some multiple. Magnitude, on the other hand, was usually described as being continuous, or being divisible into parts that are infinitely divisible. This traditional idea of discrete number versus continuous magnitude was challenged in the early modern period in several ways. This detailed study explores how the development of algebraic symbolism, logarithms, and the growing practical demands for an expanded number concept all contributed to a broadening of the number concept in early modern England. An interest in solving practical problems was not, in itself, enough to cause a generalisation of the number concept. It was the combined impact of novel practical applications together with the concomitant development of such mathematical advances as algebraic notation and logarithms that produced a broadened number concept
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401597531
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 267 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 43
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Ontology ; Phenomenology
    Abstract: While earlier research considered Simone de Beauvoir in the perspectives of Existentialism or Feminism, this work is the first to emphasize her reflective and descriptive approach and the full range of issues she addresses. There are valuable chapters and sections that are historical and/or comparative, but most of the contents of this work critically examine Beauvoir's views on old age (whereon she is the first phenomenologist to work), biology, gender, ethics, ethnicity (where she is among the first), and politics (again among the first). Besides their systematic as well as historical significance, these chapters show her philosophy as on a par with those of Merleau-Ponty and Jean-Paul Sartre in quality, richness and distinctiveness of problematics, and the penetration of her insight into collective as well as individual human life within the socio-historical world
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  • 33
    ISBN: 9789401597739
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 207 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 44
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Religion—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Although there are various `religious' traces in Heidegger's philosophy, little effort has been made to show the systematic import which his thinking has for outlining a full range of religious and theological questions. Precisely because his thought is opposed to the construction of any `dogma', his vast writings provide clues to what meaning(s) the `Sacred' and the `Divine' may have in a postmodern age where the very possibility of `faith' hangs in the balance. By showing how Heidegger's own thinking can be interpreted as a struggle to come to terms with religious questions, this book undertakes a postmodern investigation of the Sacred which both draws upon and transcends various world-religions and denominations. A postmodern, non-sectarian vision of the Sacred thereby becomes possible which is open to the plurality of religious experiences on the one hand, and yet affirms on the other Heidegger's emphasis (in Beiträge zur Philosophie) on the `last god' as the displacing of all sectarian visions of god. This book will have special appeal to Heidegger scholars, as well as students interested in the overlap between phenomenology and philosophical theology
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9789401598439
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 174 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Computer science ; Library science ; Social sciences ; User interfaces (Computer systems). ; Human-computer interaction.
    Abstract: Interdisciplinary inquiry has become more pervasive in recent decades, yet we still know little about the conduct of this type of research or the information problems associated with it. This book is one of few empirical studies of interdisciplinary knowledge practices. It examines how interdisciplinary scientists discover and exchange information and knowledge, highlighting how the boundaries between disciplines affect how information is used and how knowledge is constructed. It is written for scholars and practitioners with an interest in developing information systems and research environments to foster innovative scientific work. Target groups include researchers in information science, science studies, communication, as well as research administrators and information professionals
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401723947
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 155 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: A Discourse of the World Religions 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Genetic epistemology ; Religion (General) ; Epistemology. ; History ; Religion. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Technology and the control of nature have arisen from the endeavor to reduce the neediness of human life. Since this reduction is also the goal of religions, there is a necessary proximity between religion and technology. The relationship of humans to nature and technology is an object of religious doctrine and ethics in all of the world's religions. The interpretations and the norms of the treatment of nature in economy and technology, but also the veneration of nature in nature-mysticism and its elevation in cult and sacrament, are forms of expression of the relationship to nature in religions. The development of the modern control of nature through technology appears to be connected to the biblical commission to rule over nature. Buddhism and Hinduism, however, also interpret technology and human control of nature. Technological power raises the question of how the normativeness of the created order intended by religion's concept of creation relates to the human freedom to reshape creation. What answers do religions give to the question of the humane form of technology and the limits to technological power and human control of nature? Leading scholars of Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism have created with this volume a first-hand source of information which enables the reader to gain a better understanding of these five world religions and their teachings on nature and technology
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  • 36
    ISBN: 9789401598477
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 172 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Technology Philosophy ; Medical ethics ; Philosophy. ; Ethics ; Bioethics. ; Technology—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Among the vast literature on contemporary reproductive technologies, Prosthetic Bodies stands out in its effective combination of insights, methods, and theories from the history of medicine, constructivist science and technology studies, and feminist theory. The double focus on IVF and related techniques, and fetal treatment and surgery, enables the identification of debatable tendencies within today's reproductive medicine: the translation of ever more medical problems basically unrelated to women's own reproductive health - and, in the case of fetal diagnosis and treatment, sometimes formerly even unrelated to reproduction as such - into medical indications for invasive, often highly experimental interventions in women's bodies. The analyses show how, through the operations and workings of reproductive technologies themselves, as well as a variety of discursive mechanisms within scientific language, today's recasting of men's fertility problems and children's congenital anomalies as women's reproductive problems comes to appear inevitable. The book challenges the ability of traditional forms of medical ethics and law to adequately identify this incremental process. The careful analyses and arguments in Prosthetic Bodies will be relevant to students of science and technology, gender studies, philosophy, medical ethics, and law, and others interested in the cultural, ethical, and political ramifications of contemporary reproductive technologies
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  • 37
    ISBN: 9789401729543
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 249 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The International Library of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Ethics 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Plant science. ; Agriculture ; Botany ; History
    Abstract: Science Cultivating Practice is an institutional history of agricultural science in the Netherlands and its overseas territories. The focus of this study is the variety of views about a proper relationship between science and (agricultural) practice. Such views and plans materialised in the overall organisation of research and education. Moreover, the book provides case studies of genetics and plant breeding in the Netherlands, colonial rice breeding, and agricultural statistics. Ideas affected the organisation as much as the other way round. The net result was an institutional development in which the values of academic science were rated higher than the values of practice. This book is a distinctive piece of work as it treats the dynamics of science in a European as well as in a colonial context. These different ecological and social environments lead to other forms of knowledge and experimentation as well as other ways of organising science
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9789401597395
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 413 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 301
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy and science. ; Logic ; Artificial intelligence ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The philosophy of science has lost its self-confidence, witness the lack of advanced textbooks in contrast to the abundance of elementary textbooks. Structures in Science is an advanced textbook that explicates, updates, accommodates, and integrates the best insights of logical-empiricism and its main critics. This `neo-classical approach' aims at providing heuristic patterns for research. The book introduces four ideal types of research programs (descriptive, explanatory, design, and explicative) and reanimates the distinction between observational laws and proper theories. It explicates various patterns of explanation by subsumption and specification as well as structures in reductive and other types of interlevel research. Its analysis of theory evaluation leads to new characterizations of confirmation, empirical progress, and pseudoscience. Partial analogies between progress in nomological research (i.e. observational, referential, and theoretical truth approximation, presented in detail in From Instrumentalism to Constructive Realism, 2000) and progress in explicative and design research emerge. Finally, special chapters are devoted to design research programs, computational philosophy of science, the structuralist approach to theories, and research ethics
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401006729
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 306 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 219
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 219
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Regional planning ; Philosophy and science. ; Culture—Study and teaching. ; Philosophy of mind ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Ethnology. ; Culture.
    Abstract: The present collection attempts to be an essential step in acquainting the international reader with the Estonian contribution to the philosophy and history of science, including the recent history and policy of science and philosophy in Estonia on its way back to the Western world after the break-up of the Soviet Union. The book comprises mainly new papers. The authors - philosophers and scientists - represent every generation from emeritus professors to young researchers who have already received their education according to international standards and acquired a contemporary way of analytic reasoning and technique of investigation. The primary audience for this volume is: students as well as professionals of philosophy, methodology and logic of science; history of science and science studies; philosophy of mind; medical ethics; history, philosophy and methodology of physics, mathematics, chemistry, geography, medicine, but also those interested in cultural history and recent developments in a small Baltic country
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9789401598491
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 206 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 179
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 179
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Climatic changes ; Plant science. ; Plant systematics. ; Plant taxonomy. ; Climate change. ; Fine arts. ; History ; Botany. ; Science—History. ; Plants—Evolution. ; Environment. ; Arts.
    Abstract: The book describes the innovations that enabled botany, in the Eighteenth century, to emerge as an independent science, independent from medicine and herbalism. This encompassed the development of a reliable system for plant classification and the invention of a nomenclature that could be universally applied and understood. The key that enabled Linnaeus to devise his classification system was the discovery of the sexuality of plants. The book, which is intended for the educated general reader, proceeds to illustrate how many aspects of French life were permeated by this revolution in botany between about 1760 to 1815, a botanophilia sometimes inflated into botanomania. The reader should emerge with a clearer understanding of what the Enlightenment actually was in contrast to some popular second-hand ideas today
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9789401722803
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 118 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 174
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 174
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: Over three hundred years ago, the paramount modern Catholic exegete, Cornelius a Lapide, S.J., wrote that the 25th of March, 2000, was the most likely date for the world to end. Catholic Millenarianism does not let the day pass without comment. Catholic Millenarianism offers an authoritative overview of Catholic apocalyptic thought combined with detailed presentations by specialists on nine major Catholic authors, such as Savonarola, Luis de León, and António Vieira. With its companion volumes, Catholic Millenarianism illustrates a hold apocalyptic concerns had on intellectual life, particularly between 1500 and 1900, rivaling and influencing rationalism and skepticism. Catholics do not ordinarily expect a messianic reign by earthly means. Catholic Millenarianism shows instead what is common to Catholic authors: their preoccupation with the relationship between linguistic prophecies and the events they foretell. This makes the perspectives offered as surprisingly diverse as their particular times, and the book itself interesting and worth repeated reading
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  • 42
    ISBN: 9789401716833
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 336 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The GeoJournal Library 62
    Series Statement: GeoJournal Library 62
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Geography ; History ; Human Geography
    Abstract: This book is a comprehensive treatment of the professionalization and institutionalization of the academic discipline of geography in Europe and North America, with emphasis on the 20th century and the last quarter of the 19th. It consists of entirely new essays written by some of the world's leading experts in the history of geography. No other book has ever attempted coverage of this sort. Although it is aimed at geographers, both professionals and neophytes, the book could enlighten readers from other fields, especially practitioners of the social and earth sciences, as well as historians of science and education. The chapters are rather brief, but they provide a firm foundation for further discussion of the issues that they raise, and it is hoped that they will be followed by lengthier writings, perhaps even book-length studies, of the subject by the present authors or others
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  • 43
    ISBN: 9789401722780
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 246 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées 173
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 173
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: This volume brings together ten essays by leading scholars about Jewish messianic ideas and movements in the early modern world. While much of the previous literature in this field has focused on the internal dynamics of Jewish thought, these essays stress the broader historical and philosophical context. The papers deal with such topics as messianic ideology in the wake of the Spanish Expulsion, messianism and Renaissance philosophy, the Sabbatean movement and its impact on Christian thought, messianism and conversion, the relationship of Christian kabbalists to Jewish messianic ideas, the Frankist movement, and Freemasonry. As a group, the essays here represent a challenge to Gershom Scholem's reading of Jewish messianism in this era, offering a rich tapestry of relationships between the religious imagination of Jews and that of their neighbors. Scholars and students of early modern history, eschatology and religion will find much food for thought here
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401728157
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 391 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The GeoJournal Library 60
    Series Statement: GeoJournal Library 60
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Regional planning ; Geography ; Architecture ; Culture—Study and teaching. ; Cultural heritage.
    Abstract: This book is the first of its kind to examine the design and use of public space such as streets, squares, and parks in the cities of contemporary Asia Pacific, which has experienced the fastest urban and economic growth in the world during the past three decades. This collection of eighteen essays, all written by experts in their own fields, provides timely and first-hand reports on the unique characteristics of Asia Pacific public places (as compared to those in Western cities), current problems and debates, and newly proposed design/planning solutions. The discussions cover all important aspects of the subject matter, such as the creation of indigenous identity amid the tide of globalization; the search for design/planning strategies to address high density, mobility, sustainability, and other functional issues; and the proper roles of the government, local community, and privatization in the development of public space. Audience: Filled with case studies and illustrated with some 250 drawings and photographs, the publication is a necessary research and learning tool for architects, planners, public administrators, developers, and everyone involved in the making of public places. The volume also provides rich material for scholars and students of other disciplines related to Asia Pacific cities
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9789401729567
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 399 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 228
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 228
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Biology Philosophy ; Ethics ; History ; Biology—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This book highlights not only aspects of the career of Everett Mendelsohn, one of the premier historians of biology of our age, but also a wide range of topics that are now grouped under the general heading of science studies. This broad collection includes articles on the relations between science and the military, science as narrative, natural history and conservation, Marxism and science, the Human Genome Project, and the relation of philosophy to the study of embryonic development in the 18th century. This book is essential not only for those who admire Professor Mendelsohn's work but also for those who want a slice of the current field of science studies. Audience: The main readership of this volume consists of historians of science, technology, and medicine, and sociologists of science. The book will also appeal to philosophers of science and biologists. Those interested in Middle Eastern studies will find the discussion of Professor Mendelsohn's political work in this area, as well as the article dealing with his activism in general, of considerable interest
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401721158
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXIX, 190 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Early Modern Religious Reforms 1
    Series Statement: Studies in Early Modern Religious Tradition, Culture and Society 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Semantics ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: Some of England's most fascinating Renaissance texts have been forgotten by historians, literary critics and theologians alike. The earliest printed Bibles in the English language provide an astonishingly rich resource for interdisciplinary studies in the 21st century. Long Travail and Great Paynes is a close textual analysis of seven texts that for a wide range of reasons, but no good ones, have been reduced to paratextual entries in general histories of the English Bible. Through extensive collations of her own, Westbrook uncovers the work of seven Renaissance Bible translator-revisers and argues forcefully for a new agenda to replace the outmoded and inappropriate one of evaluating Renaissance Bibles according to the extent of their influence on the 1611 King James Authorised Version. Every sixteenth-century text reflects something of the historical dynamic in which it was created, and English Renaissance Bibles, with their ever-changing text and paratext, have their own unique stories to tell
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  • 47
    ISBN: 9789401006200
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 284 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Contemporary Trends and Issues in Science Education 14
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Humanities ; Science education. ; Social sciences ; Science—Study and teaching.
    Abstract: This book provides an overview of the theory and practice of science communication. It covers the whole area and illustrates it by looking at the experience of research workers in science communication and those whose task is to put science communication into practice. It deals with modes of informal communication such as science centres, television programs, and journalism and the research that informs practitioners about the effectiveness of their programs. It aims to meet the needs of those studying science communication as well as the increasing numbers of people who are employed in science centres and museums but have no formal training in this field. It is envisaged that the book will form a readily accessible source of expertise for communicators
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  • 48
    ISBN: 9789401722827
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées 175
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 175
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: The influence of millenarian thinking upon Cromwell's England is well-known. Less well examined, perhaps, has been the cultural and intellectual conceptions of the role of millenarian ideas in the `long' eighteenth century when, so the `official' story goes, the religious sceptics and deists of Enlightened England effectively tarred such religious radicalism as `enthusiasm'. In this collection of essays, we endeavour to revise this `official' story and to trace the influence of millenarian ideas in the science, politics, and everyday life of England and America in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface. Introduction. Essay 1: The Appropriation of Joseph Mede. Millenarianism in the 1640s -- Essay 2: Britain and the Beast: The Apocalypse and the Seventeenth-Century Debate about the Creation of the British State -- Essay 3: A Whig Apocalypse: Millenarianism, Astrology, and Politics in the Restoration Crisis, 1678-1683 -- Essay 4: Boyle on Knowledge of Nature in the Afterlife -- Essay 5: Robert Boyle, the Conversion of the Jews, and Millennial Expectations -- Essay 6: The Virgin, the Dynamo, and Newton's Prophetic History -- Essay 7: `The Mystery of This Restitution of All Things': Isaac Newton on the Return of the Jews -- Essay 8: The Occult Bible: Hebraic Millenarianism in Eighteenth-Century England -- Essay 9: David and Goliath: Jewish Conversion and Philosemitism in Late-Eighteenth-Century Millenarian Thought -- Essay 10: Caveat Emptor: Pre- and Postmillennialism in the Late Reformation -- Essay 11: The Eschatology of Everyday Things, England, 1600-1800 -- Index.
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  • 49
    ISBN: 9789401007443
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées 176
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 176
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Political philosophy. ; History ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History. ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This is the first book to bring together studies of a wide variety of millenarians who were active in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in France, The Netherlands, Germany, Sweden, and eastern Europe. The sheer variety of millenarian ideas and movements and their myriad of ebbs and flows and interactions teach us that millenarianism was a much more complex and influential factor than most studies have recognized. It was part and parcel of the growth of science, the progress of philosophy, and the genesis of political reform. This volume provides much food for thought for students and teachers of early modern ideas, the history of philosophy and religion, and the making of the modern world. Researchers in these fields will find that it opens up many avenues for further work
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401009737
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (352p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Cognitive Systems 25
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy and science. ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Artificial intelligence
    Abstract: An important collection of studies providing a fresh and original perspective on the nature of mind, including thoughtful and detailed arguments that explain why the prevailing paradigm - the computational conception of language and mentality - can no longer be sustained. An alternative approach is advanced, inspired by the work of Charles S. Peirce, according to which minds are sign-using (or `semiotic') systems, which in turn generates distinctions between different kinds of minds and overcomes problems that burden more familiar alternatives. Unlike conceptions of minds as machines, this novel approach has obvious evolutionary implications, where differences in semiotic abilities tend to distinguish the species. From this point of view, the scope and limits of computer and AI systems can be more adequately appraised and alternative accounts of consciousness and cognition can be more thoroughly criticised. Readership: Intermediate and advanced students of computer science, AI, cognitive science, and all students of the philosophy of the mind
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401597890
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 159 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: A Discourse of the World Religions 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Genetic epistemology ; Religion (General) ; Epistemology. ; History ; Religion. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: All religions face the challenge of explaining, in view of God's goodness, the existence of evil and suffering in the world. They must develop theories of the origin and the overcoming of evil and suffering. The explanations in Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, and Judaism of evil and suffering and their origin, as well as these world religions' theories of how to overcome evil and suffering, differ from one another, but are also similar in many respects. The human person is always considered to be the origin of evil, and also to be the focus of aspirations to be able to overcome it. The conviction that evil and suffering are not original and can be overcome is characteristic of and common to the religions. The explanations of the origin of evil are closely related to the explanations of the continuation and propagation of evil in human persons, in nature, and in our technology and culture that have been developed in the religions - in Christianity, for example, as the doctrine of original sin. Finally, the world religions are concerned with how to cope with suffering and offer guidance for overcoming evil and suffering. Leading scholars of five world religions, Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, Judaism, and Hinduism, have created with this volume a first-hand source of information, which enables the reader to gain a better understanding of these religions' central teachings about the origin and the overcoming of evil and suffering
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401596565
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 369 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 295
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Humanities ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy of mind ; History ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Current debate in cognitive science, from robotics to analysis of vision, deals with problems like the perception of form, the structure and formation of mental images and their modelling, the ecological development of artificial intelligence, and cognitive analysis of natural language. It focuses in particular on the presence of a hierarchy of intellectual constructions in different formats of representation. These diverse approaches, which share a common assumption of the inner nature of representation, call for a new epistemology - even a new psychophysics - based on a theory of reference which is intrinsically cognitive. As a contribution to contemporary research, the reading presents the core of theories developed in Central Europe between the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries by philosophers, physicists, psychologists and semanticists who shared a dynamic approach and a pronounced concern with problems of interaction and dependence. These theories offer innovative solutions to some of the epistemological and philosophical problems currently at the centre of debate, like part-whole, theory of relations, and conceptual and linguistic categorization
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9789401710817
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 217
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 217
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Technology Philosophy ; Economics Methodology ; Philosophy. ; Economic history. ; Organic chemistry. ; Chemistry, Organic ; Chemistry ; History ; Economics—History. ; Technology—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Colouring Textiles is an attempt to provide a new cross-cultural comparative approach to the art of dyeing and printing with natural dyestuffs in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Divided into thematic chapters, it uncovers new data from the vast historical heritage of natural dyestuffs from a range of European cities, to present new historiographic insights for the understanding of this technology. Through a sort of anatomic dissection, the book explores the study and cultivation of dye-plants in botanical gardens and plantations, and the tacit values hidden in dyeing workshops, factories, laboratories, or national and international exhibitions. It metaphorically submits the natural dyestuffs of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries to a series of systematic historical tests, and traces back the circulation of those sources of colours through colonial spaces, dye works, cross-cultural networks, schools of artistic design, and science-based industries for the making of synthetic colorants. Colouring Textiles contributes to a better understanding of the role of natural dyestuffs in the processes of industrialization in Western Europe. Audience: Historians of science and technology, historians of chemistry, philosophers, economic historians, professional chemists, arts and crafts historians, and cultural anthropologists
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401096225
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 66
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy and science. ; Geometry ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Philosophers have studied geometry since ancient times. Geometrical knowledge has often played the role of a laboratory for the philosopher's conceptual experiments dedicated to the ideation of powerful theories of knowledge. Lorenzo Magnani's new book Philosophy and Geometry illustrates the rich intrigue of this fascinating story of human knowledge, providing a new analysis of the ideas of many scholars (including Plato, Proclus, Kant, and Poincaré), and discussing conventionalist and neopositivist perspectives and the problem of the origins of geometry. The book also ties together the concerns of philosophers of science and cognitive scientists, showing, for example, the connections between geometrical reasoning and cognition as well as the results of recent logical and computational models of geometrical reasoning. All the topics are dealt with using a novel combination of both historical and contemporary perspectives. Philosophy and Geometry is a valuable contribution to the renaissance of research in the field
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401090322
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (284p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences 22
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 22
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Economics ; Physics. ; Business. ; Management science.
    Abstract: This book explores a little-studied arena that exists between science and technology, an arena in which a singular and important variety of open-ended, multi-purpose instrumentation is developed by practitioners (neither scientist nor engineer, call them research-technologists) for use in academia, industry, state metrology and technical services, and considerably beyond. The generic instrumentation designed in this almost subterraneously institutionalized/professionalized, interstitial arena fuels both science and engineering work. This involves intermittent crossings of the boundaries that demarcate and protect the conventional cognitive and artefact cultures familiar to many historians and sociologists. Research-technologists thereby comprise a distinctive (but never distinct) transverse science and technology culture that generates a species of pragmatic universality, which in turn provides multiple and diversified audiences with a common repertory of vocabularies, notational systems, images, and perhaps even paradigms. Research-technology practitioners deliver a lingua franca that contributes to cognitive, material, and social cohesion. Research-technology is about the complementarity between boundary-crossing and the stability/maintenance of boundaries
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  • 56
    ISBN: 9789401594646
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 232 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 171
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 171
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Medicine ; Chemistry ; History ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; Medicine—History.
    Abstract: In Elements, Principles and Particles, Antonio Clericuzio explores the relationships between chemistry and corpuscular philosophy in the age of the Scientific Revolution. Science historians have regarded chemistry and corpuscular philosophy as two distinct traditions. Clericuzio's view is that since the beginning of the 17th century atomism and chemistry were strictly connected. This is attested by Daniel Sennert and by many hitherto little-known French and English natural philosophers. They often combined a corpuscular theory of matter with Paracelsian chemical (and medical) doctrines. Boyle plays a central part in the present book: Clericuzio redefines Boyle's chemical views, by showing that Boyle did not subordinate chemistry to the principles of mechanical philosophy. When Boyle explained chemical phenomena, he had recourse to corpuscles endowed with chemical, not mechanical, properties. The combination of chemistry and corpuscular philosophy was adopted by a number of chemists active in the last decades of the 17th century, both in England and on the Continent. Using a large number of primary sources, the author challenges the standard view of the corpuscular theory of matter as identical with the mechanical philosophy. He points out that different versions of the corpuscular philosophy flourished in the 17th century. Most of them were not based on the mechanical theory, i.e. on the view that matter is inert and has only mechanical properties. Throughout the 17th century, active principles, as well as chemical properties, are attributed to corpuscles. Given its broad coverage, the book is a significant contribution to both history of science and history of philosophy
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  • 57
    Online Resource
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401596183
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 322 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics 24
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Humanities ; Computational linguistics ; Psycholinguistics
    Abstract: The German language offers a variety of possibilities for asking and answering new questions in psycholinguistic sentence comprehension research. The collection of papers in this volume contributes to the increasingly relevant crosslinguistic comparison of mechanisms of human sentence processing. The topics covered are incremental structure assembly, on-line ambiguity resolution, and phonological, contextual, and working memory aspects of reanalysis. The new theoretical and experimental insights presented in this volume should be of great interest to linguists and psychologists working on human language comprehension. The introductory information provided by the authors makes the volume easily accessible to advanced students
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  • 58
    ISBN: 9789401142236
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXIII, 414 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idees 167
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 167
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy. ; History ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: The Cambridge Platonist, Henry More (1614-1687), was a dominant figure on the seventeenth-century intellectual scene. His life spanned both the political revolutions of the English Civil War and its aftermath and the intellectual revolution in seventeenth-century science and philosophy. More was highly regarded in his own day as a metaphysician, although the combination of receptivity to the new (such as his admiration of Galileo, Descartes and Boyle) and defence of traditional thinking (notably his belief in witchcraft) makes him a difficult figure to assess today. The heterodoxy of his theological views notwithstanding, More was an important spokesman for moderation within the Anglican Church after the Restoration, and a key figure in the Latitudinarian movement. Richard Ward's Life of Henry More is the only biographical account of him by one of his contemporaries. Ward's almost hagiographical tone is ample testimony to the high regard in which More was held by his admirers. Ward's Life is an important document of intellectual and cultural history which testifies to the continuing impact of More's ideas in the Enlightenment. Among other topics, Ward's biography registers the impact of Quakerism in the late seventeenth century and includes important details about More's `heroine pupil', Anne Conway. The present edition prints both the only modern edition of the printed part of Ward's Account first published in 1710, together with the manuscript Account of More's writings which is published here for the first time
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  • 59
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401140706
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 200 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 169
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 169
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; History
    Abstract: A distinguished group of international scholars from the disciplines of history, philosophy, literature and art history offer a reconsideration of the ideas and the impact of the abbé Henri Grégoire, one of the most important figures of the French Revolution and a contributor to the campaigns for Jewish emancipation, rights for blacks, the reform of the Catholic Church and many other causes
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  • 60
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401593755
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 163 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The Archivist’s Library 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Information Systems ; Management information systems. ; Computer science. ; Law. ; Cultural heritage. ; Philology ; Law—Philosophy. ; Electronic data processing—Management. ; Law—History. ; Cultural property.
    Abstract: A trustworthy record is one that is both an accurate statement of facts and a genuine manifestation of those facts. Record trustworthiness thus has two qualitative dimensions: reliability and authenticity. Reliability means that the record is capable of standing for the facts to which it attests, while authenticity means that the record is what it claims to be. This study explores the evolution of the principles and methods for determining record trustworthiness from antiquity to the digital age, and from the perspectives of law and history. It also examines recent efforts undertaken by researchers in the field of archival science to develop methods for ensuring the trustworthiness of records created and maintained in electronic systems. Audience: The target audience for this study is legal scholars working in the field of evidence law, historians working in the field of historical methodology, and recordkeeping professionals (records managers, information technology specialists, archivists) working on the design and implementation of contemporary organizational recordkeeping systems
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  • 61
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401008945
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 331 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Space Studies 5
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Engineering ; Management. ; Industrial management. ; Automotive engineering. ; Law of the sea. ; International law. ; Technological innovations. ; Aeronautics
    Abstract: The question of the Symposium's title The Space Transportation Market: Evolution or Revolution? is answered from different viewpoints - the users, the launch service providers, the engineers, the lawyers, and various governmental organisations. In the future, the space transportation industry must provide several different cost-effective means for easy and rapid access to space in order to satisfy the demands of many different customers. This book is invaluable for all involved with rockets and space launchers, whether in industry, government, or academia
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  • 62
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401090360
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (316p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 214
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 214
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy of nature ; Philosophy. ; Technology—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Science is a multifaceted, natural and historical phenomenon. It consists of five elements, that is, it happens in five distinct media: biological, linguistic, technological, social, and historical. None of these alone provides an indubitable basis for the truth of scientific knowledge, but combined together they compose a solid ground for our trust in its reliability. The composition, however, is uniquely related to our modern mode of living. Science did not exist before modernity, and it will cease to exist in this form if our way of life should change. The book presents a thorough analysis of all these dimensions and their relations, and thus lays the path for an integral theory of science. Because of this it can be used as a textbook for general courses in the theory of science at both the undergraduate and graduate level
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  • 63
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401732345
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 326 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 65
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Fine arts. ; Aesthetics ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy. ; Arts.
    Abstract: Let us revive the true sense of fine arts: enchantment! In the conceptualised, commercialised, artificial approach to fine arts, we forgot its authentic experiential sense. It lies at the imaginative heart of all arts there to be retrieved by the creative recipient as the very 'truth of it all'
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  • 64
    ISBN: 9789401594943
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 230 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales D’histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 172
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 172
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy. ; History ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: This book provides a uniquely detailed case study of the origins of millenarianism within the vast opera of one of its earliest and most influential Calvinist exponents: the Herborn encyclopedist Johann Heinrich Alsted (1588-1638). The young Alsted, it emerges, looked forward not to the millennium of Apocalypse 20 but to a brief, final period of enhanced illumination described in a poorly understood central European tradition of astrological, alchemical, spiritualist, and generally `occult' prophetic speculation. It was the disasters following the Bohemian Revolt of 1618 which forced Alsted to recast these expectations as the more exclusively scriptural expectation of a literal millennium; and the material for this revision was found in a protracted dispute over the millennium between senior theologians in Herborn and Heidelberg and a little-known work on the conversion of the Jews by one of the figures most probably behind the composition of the Rosicrucian manifestos. Based on study of the full range of Alsted's works, his diverse sources, and widely dispersed manuscript material, the result is the first English book on 17th-century continental millenarianism and the first monograph in any language exclusively devoted to the origins of the doctrine within mainstream Protestantism
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  • 65
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401594424
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 244 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Origins, Studies in the sources of scientific creativity 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; History ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: There is currently no general, encompassing theory of metaphor and analogy, largely due to the many types of contexts in which metaphor and analogy occur, and to the many functions they serve. This collection of papers contains historical case studies, systematic contributions of a general nature, and applications to specific sciences. The bibliographies of the contributions contain references to all central items from the traditions that are relevant today. While providing access to contemporary views on the issue, the papers illustrate the wide variety of functions of metaphors and analogies, as well as the many connections between the study of some of these functions and other subjects and disciplines. The reader is confronted with the provisional and problematic aspects, the specificity of the problems, the specific constraints on their solution, and more. All papers present results from active research. Several of them open up new lines of research
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  • 66
    ISBN: 9789401593816
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 230 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 212
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 212
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Morphology (Animals) ; Evolutionary biology. ; Animal anatomy. ; Evolution (Biology) ; History ; Anatomy, Comparative.
    Abstract: Elie Metchnikoff (1845-1916), winner of the Nobel Prize in 1907 for his contributions to immunology, was first a comparative zoologist, who, working in the wake of Darwin's On the Origin of Species, made seminal contributions to evolutionary biology. His work in comparative embryology is best known in regard to the debates with Ernst Haeckel concerning animal genealogical relationships and the theoretical origins of metazoans. But independent of those polemics, Metchnikoff developed his `phagocytosis theory' of immunity as a result of his early comparative embryology research, and only in examining the full breadth of his work do we appreciate his signal originality. Metchnikoff's scientific papers have remained largely untranslated into English. Assembled here, annotated and edited, are the key evolutionary biology papers dating from Metchnikoff's earliest writings (1865) to the texts of his mature period of the 1890s, which will serve as an invaluable resource for those interested in the historical development of evolutionary biology
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  • 67
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401143790
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (350p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Technology Philosophy ; Engineering ; Philosophy. ; History ; Automotive engineering. ; Science—History. ; Technology—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This book brings together scholars from the history of technology, history of science, engineering, sociology, and philosophy in an effort to better understand aeronautical research and the full range of mechanisms by which flight technology has advanced in the twentieth century. The book will appeal to students of the humanities and social sciences as well as to researchers and practitioners of flight and aircraft design and engineering. Case studies range from detailed examinations of specific developments such as turbines and flight test equipment to investigations of patents policies and accident investigations. Most studies focus on United States experience, but there is some foreign coverage as well as international comparison. The book will appeal to scholars and college-level students in both the humanities and social sciences and in technical fields as well
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  • 68
    ISBN: 9789401594448
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 181 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies in Contemporary Culture 7
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Fine arts. ; Political philosophy. ; Aesthetics ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy. ; Arts. ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This book offers a comprehensive and novel argument in favor of subsidizing the arts. For readers already in favor of subsidy, the book offers a distinctly political rationale for government support: engaging the arts helps develop the intellectual faculties of judgment. By appealing to art's instrumental ability to educate democratic citizens, the book avoids the most common criticisms of subsidy, namely that it is elitist and paternalistic. For those who oppose subsidy or are undecided, the book injects new ideas into the debate and maps arts subsidy onto the larger landscape of political liberalism. Yet, while using political liberalism as its point of departure, the book's positive argument for subsidy draws on numerous philosophical traditions, including continental philosophy and the philosophy of art. This multi-disciplinary approach gives the book a comprehensiveness not found in purely analytical treatments of the topic. The book is accessible, and should serve a variety of readers, including political philosophers, philosophers of art, art historians, policy makers, and practising artists interested in the subsidy issue
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  • 69
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401595780
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 323 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 64
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Music
    Abstract: This volume deals with the origin of the modern conception of the object as well as the subject of music - of musical sound as well as man as the recipient of music. This is what music offered to the Scientific Revolution of the 16th and 17th centuries. The story is developed in 12 essays written by influential musicologists and historians of science. Starting from the magic of numbers of Pythagorean and neo-Platonic doctrines, the essays lead the reader to `sound' and `affections' in modern terms. The conceptual framework that grasps the intellectual shift from number to sound is new, it relates to the ontological change of the object of music to the psychological change of man as the subject (viz., the recipient and beneficiary) of music
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  • 70
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401594882
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 311 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 40
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of nature ; Philosophy of mind. ; Self.
    Abstract: This volume is the first collection of original essays on the related issues of gender and feminism approached phenomenologically. Lived experience is gendered and especially women's experiences are not well reflected in ordinary language. To understand them, one must go beyond analyzing language and to the matters of gendered human life itself. The essays in this volume advance this investigation
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  • 71
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401595285
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 323 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Observations, Astronomical. ; History ; Astronomy—Observations.
    Abstract: Eclipses have long been seen as important celestial phenomena, whether as omens affecting the future of kingdoms, or as useful astronomical events to help in deriving essential parameters for theories of the motion of the moon and sun. This is the first book to collect together all presently known records of timed eclipse observations and predictions from antiquity to the time of the invention of the telescope. In addition to cataloguing and assessing the accuracy of the various records, which come from regions as diverse as Ancient Mesopotamia, China, and Europe, the sources in which they are found are described in detail. Related questions such as what type of clocks were used to time the observations, how the eclipse predictions were made, and how these prediction schemes were derived from the available observations are also considered. The results of this investigation have important consequences for how we understand the relationship between observation and theory in early science and the role of astronomy in early cultures, and will be of interest to historians of science, astronomers, and ancient and medieval historians
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  • 72
    ISBN: 9789401008723
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 232 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Philosophy and Religion 21
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; Epistemology. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: The Apologetic Value of Human Holiness begins by providing the first comprehensive account of the model of human holiness developed by the leading theologian Hans Urs von Balthasar. In so doing, the book also provides the first detailed explication of his Christocentric philosophical anthropology. Part 2 argues that von Balthasar anticipates some key developments in late twentieth-century Anglo-American analytical philosophy, and that certain of these developments - in particular, the `internal realism' of Hilary Putnam - provide powerful support for von Balthasar's theological philosophy. The final part elucidates von Balthasar's core intuition that human holiness is of immense apologetic value for religious faith, and concludes with a new, `internalist' theory of religious pluralism. The Apologetic Value of Human Holiness will be seen as an important and original contribution to both Philosophy of Religion and Theology, and is likely to prove essential reading in upper-level undergraduate and postgraduate courses in both subjects
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  • 73
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401595049
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 206 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 65
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: Robert E. Butts (1928-1997) was a philosopher and historian of science whose central concerns were the distinction between the rational and the irrational. He viewed scientific rationality as our major defence against the various conditions that encourage witch hunts and similar outbursts of irrationality, with all their attendant pain and terror. Butts saw himself as a pragmatic realist, combining what he took to be the best aspects of logical empiricism with a historically informed pragmatism, deeply appreciative of the methods of science, trying to describe a kind of rationality essential in the struggle to preserve human values. This volume gathers previously unpublished essays and lectures with some previously published, thematically related essays. It includes essays and lectures on philosophical aspects of the European witch hunt, on scientific rationality and methodology, and on the relationships between science and philosophy exhibited in the writings of such historically significant figures as Leibniz, D'Alembert, Hume, Kant, Carnap and Kuhn
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  • 74
    ISBN: 9789401141956
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIII, 213 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Science and Philosophy 9
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Physics. ; Philosophy and science.
    Abstract: An analysis of the optical revolution in the context of early 19th century Britain. Far from merely involving the replacement of one optical theory by another, the revolution also involved substantial changes in instruments and the practices that surrounded them. People's judgements about classification, explanation and evaluation were affected by the way they used such optical instruments as spectroscopes, telescopes, polarisers, photometers, gratings, prisms and apertures. There were two instrumental traditions in this historical period, each of which nurtured a body of practice that exemplified how optical instruments should be operated, and especially how the eye should be used. These traditions functioned just like paradigms, shaping perspectives and even world views. Readership: Scholars and graduate students in the history of science, history of instrument, philosophy of science and science studies. Can also be used as a textbook in graduate courses on 19th century physics
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  • 75
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401142595
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 357 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Space Studies 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Engineering ; Management. ; Industrial management. ; Mechanical engineering ; Automotive engineering. ; Production management. ; Technological innovations.
    Abstract: This book addresses issues of ISS utilization and operations from all perspectives, especially the commercial viewpoint, as well as for scientific research and technological development, and education in the widest sense of the word. It will be of great interest to those working in industry, academia and government, particularly in public-private partnerships
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  • 76
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400963405
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (320p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences a Yearbook 8
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 8
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; History.
    Abstract: I Introduction -- Science and Utopia: On the Social Ordering of the Future -- II Science and Utopia in History -- Science and Utopia: The History of a Dilemma -- Elias Artista: A Precursor of the Messiah in Natural Science -- The Explosion of the Circle: Science and Negative Utopia -- III Socialism, Science and Utopia -- From Utopia to Science? The Development of Socialist Theory between Utopia and Science -- Bogdanov’s Red Star: An Early Bolshevik Science Utopia -- IV Utopias in Practice -- Automata: A Masculine Utopia -- Making Dreams Come True — An Essay on the Role of Practical Utopias in Science -- Eugenic Utopias: Blueprints for the Rationalization of Human Evolution -- Artificial Intelligence and Industrial Robots: An Automatic End for Utopian Thought? -- V Utopian Modes -- Meddling with ‘Politicks’ — Some Conjectures about the Relationship between Science and Utopia -- Science and Power for What? -- Science and Utopia in Late 20th Century Pluralist Democracy, with a Special Reference to the U.S.A. -- Epilogue -- Vespers -- Name Index.
    Abstract: Just fifty years ago Julian Huxley, the biologist grandson of Thomas Henry Huxley, published a book which easily could be seen to represent the prevail­ ing outlook among young scientists of the day: If I were a Dictator (1934). The outlook is optimistic, the tone playfully rational, the intent clear - allow science a free hand and through rational planning it could bring order out of the surrounding social chaos. He complained, however: At the moment, science is for most part either an intellectual luxury or the paid servant of capitalist industry or the nationalist state. When it and its results cannot be fitted into the existing framework, it and they are ignored; and furthermore the structure of scientific research is grossly lopsided, with over-emphasis on some kinds of science and partial or entire neglect of others. (pp. 83-84) All this the scientist dictator would set right. A new era of scientific human­ ism would provide alternative visions to the traditional religions with their Gods and the civic religions such as Nazism and fascism. Science in Huxley's version carries in it the twin impulses of the utopian imagination - Power and Order. Of course, it was exactly this vision of science which led that other grand­ son of Thomas Henry Huxley, the writer Aldous Huxley, to portray scientific discovery as potentially subversive and scientific practice as ultimately en­ slaving.
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  • 77
    ISBN: 9789401576994
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 147 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Monographs, Continued As Sociology of the Sciences Library 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Science—History.
    Abstract: Communities and Hierarchies: Structure in the Practice of Science and Technology -- Paradigms, Revolutions, and Technology -- Organizational Aspects of Technological Change -- Cognitive Change in Technology and Science -- Notes Towards a Philosophy of the Science/Technology Interaction -- The Structure of Technological Change: Reflections on a Sociological Analysis of Technology -- Author Index.
    Abstract: One of the ironies of our time is the sparsity of useful analytic tools for understanding change and development within technology itself. For all the diatribes about the disastrous effects of technology on modern life, for all the equally uncritical paeans to technology as the panacea for human ills, the vociferous pro- and anti-technology movements have failed to illuminate the nature of technology. On a more scholarly level, in the midst of claims by Marxists and non-Marxists alike about the technological underpinnings of the major social and economic changes of the last couple of centuries, and despite advice given to government and industry about managing science and technology by a small army of consultants and policy analysts, technology itself remains locked inside an impenetrable black box, a deus ex machina to be invoked when all other explanations of puzzling social and economic pheoomena fail. The discipline that has probably done most to penetrate that black box in recent years by studying the 1 internal development of technology is history. Historians of technology and certain economic historians have carried out careful and detailed studies on the genesis and impact of technological innovations, and the structu-re of the social systems associated with those innovations. Within the past few decades tentative consensus about the periodization and the major traditions within the history of technology has begun to emerge, at least as far as Britain and America in the eighteenth and nineteenth century are concerned.
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  • 78
    ISBN: 9789400970106
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (260p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Monographs 2
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences - Monographs, Continued As Sociology of the Sciences Library 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Social history.
    Abstract: 1. The Social Construction of Science -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. The Theoretical Perspective Developed in this Book -- 2. What is Science? -- 2.1. The Need for Precise Definitions -- 2.2. Structure and Meaning in the Analysis of Science -- 2.3. Science and Its Sub-Universes of Meaning -- 2.4. Science as a System of Theoretical Production -- 2.5. Social Control in Science -- 2.6. Research -- 2.7. Types of Research: Basic Research vs. Practice Oriented Research -- 2.8. The Negotiation of Meaning in Science -- 2.9. Summary -- 3. Science and Professionalism -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Science and Professionalism -- 3.3. The Role of Autonomy in Science -- 3.4. Scientific Autonomy and Politics -- 3.5. The Inertia of Contemporary Science -- 3.6. The Professional Orientational Reference Group -- 3.7. The Context of Legitimation vs. the Context of Research -- 3.8. Professionalism and the Articulation of Beliefs in an Era of Resource Scarcity -- 4. Scientists Have Goals -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. The ‘Common-Sense’ Notion of Goals in Scientific Research -- 4.3. The Institutional Context of Goal Direction in the Physical Sciences -- 4.4. The Political Receptivity of Scientific Fields -- 4.5. What is a Goal? -- 4.6. What Are the Goals of Science? An Australian Case Study -- 5. Cognitive and Social Dimensions in the Analysis of Science -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Cognitive and Social Institutionalisation -- 5.3. The Cognitive Field of a Scientist -- 5.4. Cognitive Structures in the Context of Research -- 5.5. Operationalising Social and Cognitive Concepts -- 5.6. Some Methodological Observations About My Own Research -- 6. Research and Its Legitimation: Two Cognitively Oriented Case Studies -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Some Methodological Details -- 6.3. Case Study 1: The Selective Surfaces Research Group (SSG) -- 6.4. Case Study 2: The Dopamine/Octopamine Research Group (DOG) -- 6.5. Comparing the Two Case Studies -- 7. General Conclusions -- 7.1. Suggestions for Future Work -- Notes -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: This book concerns the institutionalisation of the physical sciences. The book breaks with the established tradition in the history, philosophy and sociology of sciences by attempting to capture both the cognitive and social dimensions of institutionalisation in one unified analysis. This unifica­ tion has been achieved through a treatment of research as goal directed social action - a theme which has been developed both theoretically and empirically. The analysis presented is therefore unique in its breadth of focus and shows how the traditional concerns of sociology with generalised macro-structures of meaning and action can be related to the lifeworlds of individual scientists. The sociology of the sciences is still today a relative newcomer to the field of sciences studies which has traditionally been dominated by the history and philosophy of the sciences. I hope that this book reflects the excitement I experienced in being able to respond to the debates and concepts which erupted in that particularly fertile period follOwing the publication of Kuhn's Structure of Scientific Revolutions in 1962 - a period from which a cogni­ tively oriented sociology of the sciences was to emerge as a serious challenger to orthodoxies in the history, philosophy and sociology of sciences.
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  • 79
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400970359
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences a Yearbook 7
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 7
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Law—History.
    Abstract: I The Natural Sciences -- On the Relation of Physical Science to History in Late Nineteenth-Century Germany -- Re-Reading the Past from the End of Physics: Maxwell’s Equations in Retrospect -- A Founder Myth in the History of Sciences? — The Lavoisier Case -- Redefinitions of a Discipline: Histories of Geology and Geological History -- The Role of Medical History in the History of Medicine in Germany -- II The Social Sciences -- On Merton’s “History” and “Systematics” of Sociological Theory -- The Self-Presentation of a Discipline: History of Psychology in the United States between Pedagogy and Scholarship -- The Uses of History for the Shaping of a Field: Observations on German Psychology -- Cultural Anthropology and the Paradigm-Concept: A Brief History of their Recent Convergence -- III The Humanities -- On the Relation of Disciplinary Development and Historical Self-Presentation — the Case of Classical Philology since the End of the Eighteenth Century -- Epilogue -- Name Index.
    Abstract: Edward Gibbon's allegation at the beginning of his Essay on the Study of Literature (1764) that the history of empires is that of the miseries of humankind whereas the history of the sciences is that of their splendour and happiness has for a long time been accepted by professional scientists and by historians of science alike. For its practitioner, the history of a discipline displayed above all the always difficult but fmally rewarding approach to a truth which was incorporated in the discipline in its actual fonn. Looking back, it was only too easy to distinguish those who erred and heretics in the field from the few forerunners of true science. On the one hand, the traditional history of science was told as a story of hero and hero worship, on the other hand it was, paradoxically enough, the constant attempt to remind the scientist whom he should better forget. It is not surprising at all therefore that the traditional history of science was a field of only minor interest for the practitioner of a distinct scientific diSCipline or specialty and at the same time a hardly challenging task for the professional historian. Nietzsche had already described the historian of science as someone who arrives late after harvest-time: it is somebody who is only a tolerated guest at the thanksgiving dinner of the scientific community .
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  • 80
    ISBN: 9789401576789
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 284 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Monographs 3
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences - Monographs, Continued As Sociology of the Sciences Library 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I: The Identification of Positivism -- 1. Introduction -- II: Antipositivism in the Philosophy of the Natural Sciences -- 2. The Antipositivism of Critical Rationalism -- 3. The Antipositivism of Critical Theory -- 4. The Antipositivism of Scientific Realism -- 5. Discussion: Antipositivism in the Philosophy of the Natural Sciences -- III: Antipositivism in the Philosophy of the Social Sciences -- 6. The Antipositivism of Critical Rationalism -- 7. The Antipositivism of Critical Theory -- 8. The Antipositivism of Scientific Realism -- 9. Discussion: Antipositivism in the Philosophy of the Social Sciences -- IV: Positivism, Antipositivism and Ideology -- 10. Positivism, Antipositivism and Ideology -- 11. The Concept of Ideology in Critical Rationalism -- 12. The Concept of Ideology in Critical Theory -- 13. The Concept of Ideology in Scientific Realism -- 14. Discussion: Positivism, Antipositivism and Ideology -- Notes.
    Abstract: The sciences are too important to be left exclusively to scientists, and indeed they have not been. The structure of scientific knowledge, the role of the sciences in society, the appropriate social contexts for the pursuit of scientific inquiry, have long been matters for reflection and debate about the sciences carried on both within academe and outside it. Even within the universities this reflection has not been the property of any single discipline. Philosophy might have been first in the field, but history and the social sciences have also entered the fray. For the latter, new problems came to the fore, since reflection on the sciences is, in the case of the social sciences, necessarily also reflection on themselves as sciences. Reflection on the natural sciences and self-reflection by the social sciences came to be dominated in the 1960s by the term 'positivism'. At the time when this word had been invented, the sciences were flourishing; their social and material environment had become increasingly favourable to scientific progress, and the sciences were pointing the way to an optimistic future. In the later twentieth century, however, 'positivism' came to be a word used more frequently by those less sure of nineteenth century certainties. In both sociology and philosophy, 'positivism' was now something to be rejected, and, symbolizing the collapse of an earlier consensus, it became itself the shibboleth of a new dissensus, as different groups of reflective thinkers, in rejecting 'positivism', rejected something different, and often rejected each other.
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  • 81
    ISBN: 9789400970809
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 77
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 77
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Authors’ Introduction -- I. Case Studies -- Summary of Contributions -- Agricultural Chemistry. The Origin and Structure of a Finalized Science -- Autonomization and Finalization: A Comparison of Fermentation Research and Fluid Mechanics -- Cancer Research. A Study of Praxis-Related Theoretical Developments in Chemistry, the Biosciences and Medicine -- II. Theoretical Considerations -- Summary of Contributions -- Finalization Revisited -- The Scientification of Technology -- Normative Finalization -- III. Prospects -- Summary of Contributions -- Science in a Crisis of Legitimation -- Towards a Social Science of Nature -- Introductory Note -- The Finalization Debate: A Reply to our Critics. With a Bibliography of the Finalization Discussion and Debate -- Bibliography of the Finalization Discussion and Debate -- I. The anti-finalization campaign and debate in the media -- III. Contributions to the academic finalization discussion and debate -- Notes on Authors -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: These essays on Finalization in Science - The Social Orientation of Scientific Progress comprise a remarkable, problematic and controversial book. The authors propose a thesis about the social direction of scientific research which was the occasion of a lively and often bitter debate in Germany from 1976 to 1982. Their provocative thesis, briefly, is this: that modern science converges, historically, to the development of a number of 'closed theories', i. e. stable and relatively completed sciences, no longer to be improved by small changes but only by major changes in an entire theoretical structure. Further: that at such a stage of 'mature theory', the formerly viable norm of intra-scientific autonomy may appropriately be replaced by the social direction' of further scientific research (within such a 'mature' field) for socially relevant or, we may bluntly say, 'task-oriented' purposes. This is nothing less than a theory for the planning and social directing of science, under certain specific conditions. Understandably, it raised the sharp objections that such an approach would subordinate scientific inquiry as a free and untrammeled search for truth to the dictates of social relevance and dominant interests, even possibly to dictation and control for particularistic social and political interests.
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  • 82
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400971332
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 22
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 22
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Introduction: from Rutherford to Hahn -- The Nuclear Electron Hypothesis -- The Evolution of Matter: Nuclear Physics, Cosmic Rays, and Robert Millikan’s Research Program -- The Discovery of Fission and a Nuclear Physics Paradigm -- Internal and External Conditions for the Discovery of Fission by the Berlin Team -- Otto Hahn, Science, and Social Responsibility -- The Politics of British Science in the Munich Era -- Why Hahn’s Radiothorium Surprised Rutherford in Montreal -- The Discovery of Uranium Z by Otto Hahn: The First Example of Nuclear Isomerism -- Nuclear Physics in Candada in the 1930s.
    Abstract: and less as the emanation unden\'ent radioactive decay, and it became motion­ less after about 30 seconds. Since this process was occurring very rapidly, Hahn and Sackur marked the position of the pointer on a scale with pencil marks. As a timing device they used a metronome that beat out intervals of approximately 1. 3 seconds. This simple method enabled them to determine that the half-life of the emanations of actinium and emanium were the same. Although Giesel's measurements had been more precise than Debierne's, the name of actinium was retained since Debierne had made the discovery first. Hahn now returned to his sample of barium chloride. He soon conjectured that the radium-enriched preparations must harbor another radioactive sub­ stance. The liquids resulting from fractional crystallization, which were sup­ posed to contain radium only, produced two kinds of emanation. One was the long-lived emanation of radium, the other had a short life similar to the emanation produced by thorium. Hahn tried to separate this substance by adding some iron to the solutions that should have been free of radium, but to no avail. Later the reason for his failure became apparent. The element that emitted the thorium emanation was constantly replenished by the ele­ ment believed to be radium. Hahn succeeded in enriching a preparation until it was more than 100,000 times as intensive in its radiation as the same quantity of thorium.
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  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400969865
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (352p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 2
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The Influence of Darwinism on English Literature and Literary Ideas -- Evolution and Educational Theory in the Nineteenth Century -- Darwin and the Descent of Women -- Darwinism and Feminism: The ‘Woman Question’ in the Life and Work of Olive Schreiner and Charlotte Perkins Gilman -- Darwin and Philosophy Today -- Darwinism and Language -- Evolutionism and Arch(a)eology -- Heinrich Schenker’s Epistemology and Philosophy of Music: An Essay on the Relations Between Evolutionary Theory and Music Theory -- Evolution: The Whitworth Gun in Huxley’s War for the Liberation of Science from Theology -- Evolutionism Transformed: Positivists and Materialists in the Sociätä d’ Anthropologic de Paris from Second Empire to Third Republic -- Notes on Contributors -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: Only in fairly recent years has History and Philosophy of Science been recognized - though not always under that name - as a distinct field of scholarly endeavour. Previously, in the Australasian region as elsewhere, those few individuals working within this broad area of inquiry found their base, both intellectually and socially, where they could. In fact, the institutionalization of History and Philosophy of Science began compara­ tively early in Australia. An initial lecturing appointment was made at the University of Melbourne immediately after the Second World War, in 1946, and other appointments followed as the subject underwent an expansion during the 1950s and '60s similar to that which took place in other parts of the world. Today there are major Departments at the University of Melbourne, the University of New South Wales and the University of Wollongong, and smaller groups active in many other parts of Australia, and in New Zealand. "Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science" aims to provide a distinctive publication outlet for Australian and New Zealand scholars working in the general area of history, philosophy and social studies of science. Each volume will comprise a group of essays on a connected theme, edited by an Australian or a New Zealander with special expertise in that particular area. The series should, however, prove of more than merely local interest. Papers will address general issues; parochial topics will be avoided.
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400977297
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (381p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences a Yearbook 6
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Social history.
    Abstract: I Scientific and Other Establishments -- Scientific Establishments -- The Scientific Power Elite — a Chimera; The Deinstitutionalization and Politicization of Science -- The Hallmarks of Science and Scholasticism: A Historical Analysis -- Advice from a Scientific Establishment: the National Academy of Sciences -- II Establishments and Hierarchies in the Development of Scientific Knowledge -- Giving Life a New Meaning: The Rise of the Molecular Biology Establishment -- Two Scientific Establishments which Shape the Pattern of Cancer Research in Germany: Basic Science and Medicine -- Development and Establishment in Artificial Intelligence -- The Development of Restrictedness in the Sciences -- Scientific Disciplines and Organizational Specificity: the Social and Cognitive Configuration of Laboratory Activities -- III Establishing Boundaries and Hierarchies in the Sciences -- On the Autonomy of Pure Science: The Construction and Maintenance of Barriers between Scientific Establishments and Popular Culture -- Research Trails and Science Policies: Local and Extra-Local Negotiation of Scientific Work -- The Establishment and Structure of the Sciences as Reputational Organizations.
    Abstract: In recent years sociologists of sciences have become more interested in scien­ tific elites, in the way they direct and control the development of sciences and, beyond that, in which the organization of research facilities and resources generally affects research strategies and goals. In this volume we focus on scientific establishments and hierarchies as a means of bringing aspects of these concerns together in their historical and comparative contexts. These terms draw attention to the fact that much scientific work has been pursued within a highly specific organizational setting, that of universities and aca­ demic research institutes. The effects of this organizational setting as well as its power relations, and its resources in relation to governmental and other non-scientific establishments in society at large, deserve closer attention. One significant aspect of scientific establishments and hierarchies and of the power relations impinging upon scientific research, is the fact that the bulk of leading scientists have the professional career, qualifications and status of a professor. As heads or senior members of departments, institutes and laboratories, professors form the ruling groups of scientific work. They are the main defenders of scientific - or departmental - autonomy, accept or resist innovations in their field, play a leading part in fighting scientific controversies or establishing consensus. Even where research units are not directly controlled by professors, authority structures usually remain strongly hierarchical. These hierarchies too deserve attention in any explora­ tion of the social characteristics of scientific knowledge and its production.
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  • 85
    ISBN: 9789400979567
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (334p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Monographs 1
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences - Monographs, Continued As Sociology of the Sciences Library 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; History.
    Abstract: One: Introduction to the Cognitive View -- 1. The Development of the Cognitive View -- 2. World Views and Models -- 3. Positivism as a Monadic View -- 4. Logical Positivism: A Structural View -- 5. Contexts of Science: Sciences of Science -- 6. The Cognitive View on Science: Paradigms -- Two: The Social Structure of Science -- 7. Bibliometrics and the Structure of Science -- 8. Informal Groups and the Origin of Networks -- 9. The Life Cycle of Scientific Specialties -- Three: Cognitive Structure and Dynamics of Science -- 10. Paradigms and the Psychology of Attention and Perception -- 11. Puzzle-solving and Reorganization of World Views -- 12. Conservation and the Dynamics of Conceptual Systems -- Epilogue -- Notes.
    Abstract: The growing importance of the sciences in industrialised societies has been acknowledged by the increasing number of studies concerned with their development, change and control. In the past 20 or so years there has been a considerable growth in teaching and research programmes dealing with science and technology policy, science and society, sociology and history of science and similar areas which has resulted in much new material about the production and validation of scientific knowledge. In addition to the quanti­ tative growth of this literature, there has also been a substantial shift in the problems addressed and approaches adopted. In particular, the substantive content of scientific knowledge has become the focus of many historical and sociological studies which seek to understand how knowledges develop and change in different social circumstances. Instead of taking the privileged epistemological status of scientific knowledge for granted, recent approaches have emphasised the socially contingent nature of knowledge production and validation and the pluralistic nature of the sciences. Parallel to these develop­ ments, there has been a shift in the treatment of science by the state, business and public pressure groups. Increasingly they have sought to control the direction of research, and thus the content of knowledge, directly rather than simply applying existing knowledge. Science has become amenable to social control and influence. Its sacred status has declined and it is increasingly viewed as a socially constituted phenomenon which can be studied in a similar manner to other cultural products.
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9789400977402
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (208p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Culture, Illness, and Healing, Studies in Comparative Cross-Cultural Research 3
    Series Statement: Culture, Illness and Healing 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Humanities ; Logic ; Anthropology
    Abstract: 1: Introduction -- 1.1. The Study -- 1.2. The Setting -- 1.3. Methodology -- 1.4. Theoretical Perspectives on Health Care Decisions -- 2: The Cultural Context of Therapeutic Choice -- 2.1. Bariba Conceptions of the Order of the Universe -- 2.2. Diagnosis and Treatment -- 2.3. Divination -- 2.4. The Use of Substances -- 2.5. Medicines -- 3: Beliefs and Practices Surrounding Reproductive Processes -- 3.1. Menstruation and Clitoridectomy -- 3.2. Conception -- 3.3. Development of Fetus -- 3.4. Contraception -- 3.5. Abortion -- 3.6. Sterility -- 4: Status Among the Bariba: The Roles and Responsibilities of Women -- 4.1. Status in Bariba Society -- 4.2. Position of Women -- 4.3. Economic Subsistence -- 4.4. Political Arena -- 4.5. Domestic Relations -- 4.6. Household Responsibilities -- 5: Sociological and Career Attributes of Midwives -- 5.1. Healers: Midwives and Medicine People -- 5.2. Implications of Role Expectations for Birth Assistance -- 5.3. Recruitment of Matrones and Method of Skill Acquisition -- 5.4. Sources of Medical Knowledge -- 5.5. Matrones Own Reproductive Histories -- 5.6. Age at Unsupervised Delivery -- 5.7. Assistance at Own Child’s Delivery -- 5.8. Remuneration -- 5.9. Comprehensive Care by Matrones -- 5.10. Pregnancy Counseling -- 5.11. Matrone’s Role Variability -- 5.12. Spirit Possession -- 5.13. Inheritance of Spirits -- 5.14. Healing and Sambani -- 5.15. The Matrone Prototype -- 6: The Meaning of Efficacy in Relation to Obstetrical Care Preferences -- 7: Birth Assistance in the Rural Area: Patterns of Delivery Assistance -- 7.1. Delivery Assistance: Patterns of Selection in the Rural Area -- 7.2. Midwifery as a Therapeutic System -- 7.3. Structured Interviews with Matrones -- 8: Client-Practitioner Encounters -- 8.1.1. The Case of Adama -- 8.1.2. The Case of Sako -- 8.1.3. The Case of the Prolapsed Cord -- 8.1.4. The Case of the Terrifying Breech 120 -- 8.1.5 The Case of Bona -- 8.2. Pain as a Cultural Phenomenon -- 8.3. Pregnancy (by Nicole) -- 8.4. Conclusion -- 9: Utilization of National Health Services for Maternity Care in the District of Kouande -- 9.1. Clinic vs. Home Delivery: A Pehunko Sample -- 9.2. Utilization of the Pehunko Dispensary -- 9.3. Pehunko Women at the Kouande Maternity Clinic -- 9.4. The Kouande Maternity Clinic: General Utilization -- 10: Conclusion -- 10.1. Implications of the Bariba Study for the Cross-Cultural Study of Midwifery -- 10.2. The Involvement of Indigenous Midwives in National Health Systems -- 10.3. Training Programs -- Appendices -- Appendix A: Demographic Data -- Appendix B: Female Circumcision Songs -- Notes.
    Abstract: This book examines the factors influencing women's choices of obstetrical care in a Bariba community in the People's Republic of Benin, West Africa. When selecting a research topic, I decided to investigate health care among the Bariba for several reasons. First, I had served as a Peace Corps Volunteer in northern Benin (then Dahomey) and had established a network of contacts in the region. In addition, I had worked for a year as assistant manager of a pharmacy in a northern town and had become interested in the pattern of utilization of health care services by urban residents. This three-year residence proved an invaluable asset in preparing and conducting research in the northern region. In particular, I was able to establish relationships with several indigenous midwives whose families I already knew both from prior research experience and mutual friend­ ships. These relationships enabled me to obtain detailed information regarding obstetrical practice and thus form the foundation of this book. The fieldwork upon which the book is directly based was conducted between June 1976 and December 1977 and sponsored by the F ord-Rockefeller Popula­ tion Policy Program, the Social Science Research Council, the National Science Foundation, and the FUlbright-Hays Doctoral Dissertation Research Program. The Ford-Rockefeller Population Policy Program funded the project as a collab­ oration between myself and Professor Eusebe Alihonou, Professor Agrege (Gynecologie-Obstetrique) at the National University of Benin.
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  • 87
    ISBN: 9789400975170
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (728p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Stichting Foundation Rembrandt Research Project 1
    Series Statement: Rembrandt Research Project Foundation 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Arts.
    Abstract: Since the second half of the last century art historians, realizing that the image of Rembrandt’s work had become blurred with time, have attempted to redefine the artist’s significance both as a source of inspiration to other artists and as a great artist in his own right. In order to carry on the work started by previous generations, a group of leading Dutch art historians from the university and museum world joined forces in the late 1960s in order to study afresh the paintings usually ascribed to the artist. The researchers came together in the Rembrandt Research Project which was established to provide the art world with a new standard reference work which would serve the community of art historians for the nearby and long future. They examined the originals of all works attributed to Rembrandt taking full advantage of today’s sophisticated techniques including radiography, neutron activation autoradiography, dendrochronology and paint sample analysis - thereby gaining valuable insight into the genesis and condition of the paintings. The result of this meticulous research is laid down chronologically in the following Volumes: THIS VOLUME: A Corpus of Rembrandt Paintings, Volume I, which deals with works from Rembrandt’s early years in Leiden(1629-1631), published in 1982. A Corpus of Rembrandt Paintings, Volume II, covering his first years in Amsterdam (1631-1634), published in 1986. A Corpus of Rembrandt Paintings, Volume III, goes into his later years of reputation (1635-1642), published in 1990. Each Volume consists of a number of Introductory Chapters as well as the full Catalogue of all paintings from the given time period attributed to Rembrandt. In this catalogue each painting is discussed and examined in a detailed way, comprising a descriptive, an interpretative and a documentary section. For the authenticity evaluation of the paintings three different categories are used to divide the works in: A. Paintings by Rembrandt, B. Paintings of which Rembrandt’s authorship cannot be positively either accepted or rejected, and C. Paintings of which Rembrandt’s authorship cannot be accepted. This volume (Volume I) contains 730 pages, starting of with four introductory chapters and discussing 93 paintings. In clear and accessible explanatory text all different paintings are discussed, larded with immaculate images of each painting. Details are shown where possible, as well as the results of modern day technical imaging. In this volume the f ...
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  • 88
    ISBN: 9789400984295
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (287p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences a Yearbook 5
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 5
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Civilization—History.
    Abstract: A Programmatic Attempt at an Anthropology of Knowledge -- On the Boundaries of Science in Seventeenth-Century England -- What Should We Do with the Monster?: Electromagnetism and the Psychosociology of Knowledge -- Science and Modern Chinese Culture -- The Meaning Context of Illness and Care: Reflections on a Central Theme in the Anthropology of Medicine -- The Semantics of Medical Discourse -- The Necessity of Field Methods in the Study of Scientific Research -- Anthropological Perspectives in the Sociology of Science.
    Abstract: Anthropological approaches to the sciences have developed as part of a broader tradition concerned about the place of the sciences in today's world and in some basic sense concerned with questions about the legitimacy of the sciences. In the years since the second World War, we have seen the emergence of a number of different attempts both to analyze and to cope with the successes of the sciences, their broad penetration into social life, and the sense of problem and crisis that they have projected. Among the of movements concerned about the earlier responses were the development social responsibility of scientists and technological practitioners. There is little doubt that this was a direct outgrowth of the role of science in the war epitomized by the successful construction and catastrophic use of the atomic bomb. The recognition of the deep social utility of science, and especially its role as an instrument of war, fostered curiosity about the earlier develop­ ment of scientific disciplines and institutional forms. The history of science as an explicit diSCipline with full-time practitioners can be seen as an attempt to locate science in temporal space - first in its intellectual form and second­ ly in its institutional or social form. The sociology of science, while certainly having roots in the pre-war work of Robert K.
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  • 89
    ISBN: 9789401717243
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 270 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Reeves, Marjorie REVIEWS 1983
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Bitton, Davis [Rezension von: Kuntz, Marion L., Guillaume Postel: Prophet of the Restitution of All Things. His Life and Thought...] 1983
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idees 98
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 98
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; History
    Abstract: One: Viator -- Two: Comprehensor -- Three: Congregator.
    Abstract: Gui 11 aume Postel was undoubtedly one of the most remarkab 1 e and interesting scholars and thinkers of the sixteenth century. His know­ ledge of Hebrew and Arabic was rare among his contemporaries, as was his study and use of the Rabbinical, Cabalistic and Islamic literature pre­ served in these languages. His attempt to harmonize Christian, Jewish and Mbhammedan thought give him an important place in the history of re­ ligious tolerance, whereas his prophecies about a universal religion and a universal monarchy seem to anticipate more recent ideas of a world state and of general peace. In his prophecies, Postel assigned a unique role to himself and to a pious 1 ady whom he met in Venice and whom he lavishly praises in all his later writings. Admired and respected by many contemporary scholars and princes in France, Italy and Germany, he also aroused the suspicions of the religious and political authorities of his time who considered him dangerous but mad and thus spared his life, but confined him to a monastery for many years. His numerous writ­ ings survive in rare editions and manuscripts, and the later copies of some of his works show that he continued to be read and to exercise much influence down to the eighteenth century.
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401576604
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 145 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Logic and Philosophy 21
    Series Statement: Synthese Historical Library 21
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; History
    Abstract: 1 / Absolute and Relational Theories of Space -- 2 / Kant’s Leibnizian Heritage -- 3 / Incongruent Counterparts and the Nature of Space -- 4 / Incongruent Counterparts and the Nature of Sensibility -- 5 / Incongruent Counterparts and Things in Themselves -- 6 / Kant’s Metaphysics of Space and Motion -- Conclusion / The Significance of Incongruent Counterparts.
    Abstract: Kantian transcendental idealism is the thesis that fundamental aspects of experience are contributed by the perceiving subject rather than by the things experienced, and are not features of things as they exist independently of sensible perceivers. This is undoubtedly the most striking and at the same time the most puzzling of Kant's Critical views. It is striking because nothing could be less commonsensical than the beliefthat things as we perceive them have nothing in common with things as they are independently ofbeing per­ ceived. From a more technical point of viewthe doctrine is puzzling because Kant apparently does not support it very well. Beginning with Kant's con­ temporaries, critics have pointed out that among all the arguments for the theory in the CritiqueofPureReason, none entails the conclusion that things in themselves cannot be like objects of sense experience in any way. So, for example, although transcendental idealism is compatible with Kant's theory of synthetic a priori knowledge, there is nothing in the analysis of the syn­ thetic a priori ruling out the possibility that features contributed to experi­ ence by the perceiving subject correspond to characteristics of things in them­ selves, although we might never know this to be so. And even though Kant sees transcendental idealism as a solution to the Antinomies, this is at best indirect support for the view;there are undoubtedly other ways to get around these traditional metaphysical puzzles.
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400991095
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (356p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences A Yearbook 4
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Social history.
    Abstract: I Discovery Accounts -- The Interaction between Theory and Data in Science -- The Scientist as an Analogical Reasoner: A Critique of the Metaphor Theory of Innovation -- Is it Possible to Reconstruct the Research Process? Sociology of a Brain Peptide -- II Discovery Acceptance -- Theoreticians and the Production of Experimental Anomaly: The Case of Solar Neutrinos -- The Role of Interests in High-Energy Physics: The Choice between Charm and Colour -- The Effects of Social Context on the Process of Scientific Investigation: Experimental Tests of Quantum Mechanics -- On the Construction of Creativity: The ‘Memory Transfer’ Phenomenon and the Importance of Being Earnest -- III The Research Process -- Struggles and Negotiations to Define What is Problematic and What is Not: The Sociologic Translation -- The Development of an Interdisciplinary Project -- IV Writing Public Accounts -- Discovery: Logic and Sequence in a Scientific Text -- Contexts of Scientific Discourse: Social Accounting in Experimental Papers -- V The Context of Scientific Investigation -- The Context of Scientific Investigation.
    Abstract: practice, some of which is translated into the standard forms of public discourse, in publication, and then retranslated by readers and adapted again to local practice at self-selected other sites. Less may be left implicit, and additional personal and contextual information is carried, by the "informal" methods of communication which mediate local projects and international publication. But both methods of communication are screens as well as conduits of information. History and Background of the Volume When the planning of this volume began in the spring of 1977, it seemed a natural part of the mandate for the Yearbook. There had also been a number of more specific calls for deeper studies of research in social and historical context (3). These calls can be seen as giving permission and legitimacy to ask questions otherwise seen as irrelevant, or even disrespectful, and as attempts to develop new perspectives from which to ask and to answer them. The implied and expressed irreverence toward traditions and institutions of great respect may have prolonged this process of initial apologetics. In any case, in May 1977 the theme of 'The Social Process of Scientific Investigation' was proposed to the Editorial Board for Volume IV as "the heart of the subject. " That is, the ethnographic and detailed historical study of actual scientific activity and thinking at or close to the work site.
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  • 92
    ISBN: 9789401710374
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 214 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idees 52
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 52
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy, modern ; History
    Abstract: I — Introduction -- II — The Academica and Its Influence and Distribution in Antiquity and the Middle Ages -- III — The Academica in the Renaissance: A General Survey -- IV — The Academica at Paris in the Middle of the Sixteenth Century: Talon, Galland, and Others -- V — Giulio Castellani and the Academica -- VI — Joannes Rosa and His Commentary on the Academica -- VII — Summary and Conclusions -- Appendices.
    Abstract: As originally planned this volume was meant to cover a somewhat wider scope than, in fact, it has turned out to do. When, in rg68, I initially conceived of preparing it, it was proposed to deal with several aspects of early modern scepticism, in addition to the fortuna of the Academica, and to publish various loosely related pieces under the title of 'Studies in the History of Early Modern Scepticism. ' Thereby, I foresaw that I would exhaust my knowledge of the subject and would then be able to turn my attention to other matters. In initiating my research on this topic, however, I soon found that there remained a much greater bulk of material to study than could possibly be dealt with between the covers of the single modest volume which I envisioned. My proposed section on Cicero's Academica was to cover between 50 and 75 pages in the original plan. It soon became apparent, however, especially after Joannes Rosa's hitherto unstudied commentary on Cicero's work was uncovered, that this material would have to be treated at a much greater length than I had foreseen. The present volume is the result of this expanded investigation. The monograph which has come from this alteration in plans has, I think, the virtues of continuity and cohesive­ ness and one hopes that these advantages offset the benefits of a broader scope which were sacrificed.
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  • 93
    ISBN: 9789401717656
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVI, 358 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées 41
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 41
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy, modern ; History
    Abstract: I Chiefly Biographical and Historical -- I. Family Background and Early Years -- II. The Years of his Advocateship -- III. Lord Kames as Lord of Session and Lord of Justiciary -- IV. The High-Court Judge and the World of Letters: Historical and Biographical -- V. At Home and among Friends: Domestic Relations and Sociability -- VI. “I Fly to my Farm”: A Gentleman Farmer in Overalls -- VII. “For the Good of my Country”: A Study in Public Spirit and Public Service -- VIII. Political Activities and Concern with Public Affairs -- IX. Personal Credo and Life Values -- X. Summary Characterization of Kames the Man -- II Chiefly Theoretical: Lines of Kames’s Thinking and His Contributions to the World of Ideas -- XI. Common-Sense Philosopher and Observer of the Ways of Men -- XII. Through the Eyes of Clio: The Historical Approach -- XIII. Kames’s Philosophy of Law; or, his General View of Jurisprudence -- XIV. Literary Criticism and the Question of Style in Writing -- XV. Education and the Status of Women, and some Anthropological Miscellanies -- XVI. Political and Economic Theory -- XVII. The High-Court Judge and Common-Sense Philosopher Looks at Religion -- XVIII. Summary and Evaluation Dynamic Relations between the Man and the Movement of Life and Thought and Culture -- Appendices -- 1. Selections from Kames’s Letters -- 2. Selections from Prefaces, Dedications, etc. -- 3. Proposal for the Reform of Entails -- 4. A Universal Prayer -- 5. Epitaph by a Friend -- 6. Home—Drummond Family Postscript -- Bibliography of Kames’s Publications -- Princepal Sources on Karnes’ Life and Background -- General Bibliography.
    Abstract: The purpose of the present study is to present the life and work and thought of a remarkable pioneering figure on the Scottish scene over the middle half, broadly, of the eighteenth century, in their dynamic relations with that most extraordinary intellectual awakening and scientific, edu­ cational, literary and religious development of his time generally known as the "Scottish Enlightenment. " That movement in thought and culture was indeed in more ways than one a unique phenomenon in the history of western culture, comparable, in its own manner and measure, as we shall attempt to point out later, with such history-making movements or epochs as the Age of Pericles in Greece, the Augustan Age in Rome, the Renaissance movement in Italy and Western Europe generally, the up-surge both in science and in letters in England in the seventeenth century, and the contemporary movement in France associated with the Encyclopedists. This Scottish Enlightenment, often also spoken of as the "Awakening of Scotland," was of course more than a movement merely on the intel­ lectual and cultural level. It had also political bearings and was rather directly conditioned by events and changes in the political arena, begin­ ning with the Union with England in 1707; and even more directly was it accompanied and conditioned by social and economic changes which were in a short span of time to transform the face of this far-northern country almost beyond recognition.
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  • 94
    ISBN: 9789401525671
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 441 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, Bibliographical Series 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Civilization—History.
    Abstract: Illustrations -- Facsimiles of Pages of Hand-written Texts -- Outline Maps, Historical (at the end of the book) -- Minor Lists and Notes -- Addenda et Corrigenda -- General Index of names and Subjects -- 70.000 Introductory Remarks -- 70.001 General Index, Aalderink — Ayu Nunut -- 70.002 General Index, Babad — Byasala -- 70.003 General Index, Cabaton — Cuwil -- 70.004 General Index, Dabatul Ardi — Dyotkranti -- 70.005 General Index, Earthquake — Eyes -- 70.006 General Index, Fables — Fuya -- 70.007 General Index, Gabriel — Guy?ß -- 70.008 General Index, de Haan — Hymn -- 70.009 General Index, Ibarat — Iwa -- 70.010 General Index, Ja M?ngala — Juynboll -- 70.011 General Index, Kabagusan — Kyahi -- 70.012 General Index, Laban — Lyrics -- 70.013 General Index, Ma Dya O — Mythology -- 70.014 General Index, Nabakti — Nymph -- 70.015 General Index, Oath — Oy?k -- 70.016 General Index, Pabalik — Pyagém -- 70.017 General Index, Quail — Quintets -- 70.018 General Index, de Raadt — Rwa Binéda -- 70.019 General Index, Saba Kinkin — Syria -- 70.020 General Index, Ta?? at — Types -- 70.021 General Index, Ucé?rawa — Uwi -- 70.022 General Index, Vagrant Students — Vrijburg -- 70.023 General Index, Wacan — Wyawah?ra -- 70.024 General Index, Yagn?a — Yuyutsuh.
    Abstract: The third, concluding volume of "Literature of Java" contains Addenda and a General Index, preceded by Illustrations, Facsimiles of Manuscripts, Maps and some Minor Notes, additions which may be of U'se to students of Javanese literature. The older catalogues of collections of Indonesian manuscripts (Javanese, Malay, Sundanese, Madurese, Balinese), which were written in Dutch, did not offer such additional aids to interested readers. One of the reasons was. , that the authors (Vreede, Brandes, van Ronkel, Juynboll, Berg) presupposed a certain knowledge of the Indones,ian peoples, their countries and their culture with Dutch students. As often as not the latter, or their families, had lived for many years in Java, and they were destined, when they had completed their studies in The Netherlands, to pass one or more decades of 'their active life in the ,tropics in the service of Government, the Christian Missions or the Bible Society. The Archipelago was their second home country. Some familiarity with things Indonesian was found in several circles of society in The Netherlands before the second world war, and information (though not always scholarly and exact) was supplied by quite a number of books and periodicals. For this reason it was thought superfluoU's to encumber specialistic books like catalogues of manuscripts with maps and general information which could be found easily elsewhere, for instance in the Dutch "Encyclopaedie van Nederlandsch-Indie". As circumstances have changed it is.
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401022798
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (403 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Russian Series on Social History 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Regional planning ; History ; Ethnology. ; Culture.
    Abstract: O??ab?eh?e -- ?pe??c?o??e -- ?o?c?e??? -- Co?pa?e??? -- Oc?o???e ??a?? ?c?op?? “Bepe?” -- I. ?a?p??? ? ?c?op?? pycc?o?o oc?o?o???e???o?o ????e??? -- II. Bo????o?e??e “B?epe?” -- III. Tp? ?po?pa??? “B?epe?” -- IV.?a?po? ? e?o co?py?????: -- V. Ha ?oc?y: -- VI. “Co?? pycc??x pe?o????o???x ?py??” -- VII. ?ap??c??? c?e?? ? ??????a??? “B?epe?” -- Co?py????? “B?epe?” (a??a?????? y?a?a?e??) -- ???a??? “B?epe?” -- ?p??e?a???.
    Abstract: The publication of the following material on the history of Vpered represents the fulfilment of a duty both to the founders of the International Institute of Social History and to Nadezhda Nikolaevna Kolachevskaia and Valerian Valerianovich Kolachevskii, who handed over to the Institute so long ago as 1936 the papers of their late husband and father, Valerian a Nikolaevich Smirnov. ) The Institute undertook at that time to publish these papers, and V. V. Kolachevskii planned to use them in compiling a biography of his father. The Second World War and its consequences imposed changes in these plans. The biography of V. N. Smirnov remained unwritten, and work on the publication of documents from his papers was interrupted for a quarter of a century. First, however, some particulars of these papers. We are here concerned with that section of them which relates to a remarkable literary organ of the Russian revolutionary Populist move­ ment, the occasional symposia and the fortnightly newspaper, both called Vpered, founded by Petr Lavrovich Lavrov in 1873. Lavrov was the sole editor of the four volumes of occasional symposia (the fourth volume contains only one issue) which were published in Zurich and London between 1873 and 1876, and the 48 issues of the fortnightly newspaper published in London in 1875 and 1876.
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401525985
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 148 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Bibliotheca Indonesica
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; History.
    Abstract: I. A Short History of Patani -- II. The Hikayat Patani and Related Texts -- III.The Structure of the Malay Text Its Authors, Date, Language -- IV. Hikayat Patani (Malay Text) -- V. The Story of Patani (Translation) -- VI. Commentary -- VII.Conclusion -- Plates. Facsimiles of Pages from the Abdullah Manuscript.
    Abstract: The stimulus for the joint venture of which the present book is the visible result was provided by the discovery of a Malay manuscript of the long lost Hikayat Patani by one of the authors, and the publication, quite independently, of a Thai version of the same text by the other. The authors, who were not acquainted with one another before this, "found" each other at the suggestion of Professor O. W. Wolters, to whom they are grateful for the idea. The preparation of the book took place on both sides of the Atlantic, with a frequent exchange of letters containing the results of the work of each author. In August, 1969, Teeuw was given the opportunity to visit Cornell University, where in a fortnight's most intensive contact and concentrated research all the drafts were checked, supplemented, rewritten and improved, and the definitive arrangement of the book decided on. The work on the manuscript was completed in the following four months, again in geographically separated spheres. The actual manuscript was rounded off at the beginning of 1970.
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