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  • 2005-2009  (797)
  • 1970-1974  (145)
  • 1960-1964  (124)
  • [Washington, D.C] : World Bank  (713)
  • Leipzig
Language
Years
Year
  • 1
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Mainz am Rhein : Nünnerich-Asmus | Köln : Wienand | Köln : Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum für Völkerkunde der Stadt Köln | Köln : SFB 389, Univ. | Köln : Brill | Leipzig ; 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
    ISSN: 0071-1845
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
    Additional Information: Beih. Ethnologica / Beiheft. Beiheft
    RVK:
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
    Note: Beteil. Körp. früher: Gesellschaft für Völkerkunde (Verein zur Förderung des Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museums der Stadt Köln)
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  • 2
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1989
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0232-170X
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1970 -
    Additional Information: 14=4 von Volkskunstkonferenz der DDR (ZDB) Dokumente und Materialien der ... Volkskunstkonferenz der DDR Leipzig : Zentralhaus-Publikationen, 1985
    DDC: 700
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 4
    Language: German
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  • 5
    Language: German
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Universität Leipzig 1904
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift
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  • 6
    Language: Undetermined
    Dates of Publication: Nachgewiesen 1958/59 -
    DDC: 780
    Keywords: Zeitschrift
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  • 7
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Leipzig ; Nachgewiesen 1.1987=2.Aufl. -
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: Nachgewiesen 1.1987=2.Aufl. -
    DDC: 792
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Leipzig ; 1.1854 -
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1854 -
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Hausbibliothek für Länder- und Völkerkunde
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
    Note: Gesehen am 28.11.07
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  • 9
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Wiesbaden : Harrassowitz | Leipzig ; 1.1902 - 33.1942(1943); 34.1950 - 55.1993; 56.1995/96(1995) -
    Show associated volumes/articles
    ISSN: 0075-2223
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1902 - 33.1942(1943); 34.1950 - 55.1993; 56.1995/96(1995) -
    Additional Information: In Beziehung stehendes Werk Verein Deutscher Bibliothekare Betriebsstatistik Berlin : Dt. Bibliotheksinstitut, 1903 0343-2807
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Jahrbuch der deutschen Bibliotheken
    DDC: 020
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Bibliothek ; Bibliotheksberufe ; Deutschland ; Bibliotheksführer ; Bibliothekar ; Wissenschaftliche Bibliothek ; Zeitschrift ; Verzeichnis ; Biografie ; Adressbuch ; Führer ; Wörterbuch ; Deutschland ; Bibliothek ; Verzeichnis ; Deutschland ; Bibliothek ; Verzeichnis ; Deutschland ; Bibliothekar ; Höherer Dienst ; Verzeichnis ; Deutschland ; Bibliothekar ; Höherer Dienst ; Deutschland ; Wissenschaftliche Bibliothek ; Bibliothek ; Deutschland ; Wissenschaftliche Bibliothek ; Archiv ; Deutschland ; Bibliothekar ; Höherer Dienst ; Deutschland ; Information und Dokumentation ; Öffentliche Bibliothek
    Note: Herausgebendes Organ bis 65 (2013/2014): Verein Deutscher Bibliothekare , Repr.: New York, NY : Johnson , Bis 45.1973 darin: Betriebsstatistik
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  • 10
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Berlin : Duncker & Humblot | Leipzig ; 1.1953 -
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    In:  Sociologus
    ISSN: 0429-1530 , 0038-0377
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1953 -
    Former Title: Forschungen zur Sozialpsychologie und Ethnologie
    Titel der Quelle: Sociologus
    Publ. der Quelle: Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 1932
    DDC: 050
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 11
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Helsinki : Finnisch-Ugrische Ges. | Leipzig | Helsingfors : Finnisch-Ugrische Ges. ; 1.1901 -
    ISSN: 0355-1253
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1901 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Finnisch-ugrische Forschungen
    DDC: 890
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Finnougrische Sprachen ; Finnougrier ; Ethnologie ; Finnougrier ; Volkskunde
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  • 12
  • 13
    Language: German
    Uniform Title: Voyage aux iles de Ténériffe, la Trinité, Saint-Thomas, Sainte-Croix et Porto Ricco 〈dt.〉
    Keywords: Reisebericht ; Reise
    Note: Leipzig ist Messplatz , Vorlageform der Veröffentlichungsangabe: Leipzig, bei Heinrich Büschler in Elberfeld.
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  • 14
    Language: German
    Keywords: Verzeichnis ; Speck von Sternburg, Hermann 1852-1908 ; Sammlung ; Grassi Museum für Völkerkunde zu Leipzig ; Buddhistische Kunst ; Plastik ; Thanka ; China ; Religiöse Kunst
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  • 15
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Mainz am Rhein : Nünnerich-Asmus | Köln : Wienand | Köln : Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum für Völkerkunde der Stadt Köln | Köln : SFB 389, Univ. | Köln : Brill | Leipzig ; 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
    ISSN: 0071-1845
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
    Additional Information: Beih. Ethnologica / Beiheft
    DDC: 300
    RVK:
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe ; Drogenkonsum ; Droge ; Kultur ; Rauschgift ; Kulturvergleich ; Ethnosoziologie ; Drogenmissbrauch
    Note: Beteil. Körp. früher: Gesellschaft für Völkerkunde (Verein zur Förderung des Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museums der Stadt Köln)
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  • 16
    Language: German
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  • 17
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1963(1964) -
    Additional Information: 1968=1958/62; 1969=1952/57; 1970=1945/51 von Chronik des künstlerischen Volksschaffens Leipzig, 1968
    Additional Information: 1966=1963/66 Chronologie des künstlerischen Volksschaffens Leipzig, 1966
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Zeitschrift
    Note: Teils ohne Zählung
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  • 18
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Mainz am Rhein : Nünnerich-Asmus | Köln : Wienand | Köln : Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum für Völkerkunde der Stadt Köln | Köln : SFB 389, Univ. | Köln : Brill | Leipzig ; 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
    ISSN: 0071-1845
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
    Additional Information: Beih. Ethnologica / Beiheft. Beiheft
    RVK:
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
    Note: Beteil. Körp. früher: Gesellschaft für Völkerkunde (Verein zur Förderung des Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museums der Stadt Köln)
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  • 19
    Language: German
    Series Statement: University of Leipzig Papers on Africa. History and Culture Series ...
    Keywords: Tansania ; Kolonialismus ; Evangelisch-Lutherische Mission in Leipzig
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  • 20
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Mainz am Rhein : Nünnerich-Asmus | Köln : Wienand | Köln : Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum für Völkerkunde der Stadt Köln | Köln : SFB 389, Univ. | Köln : Brill | Leipzig ; 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
    ISSN: 0071-1845
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
    Additional Information: Beih. Ethnologica / Beiheft. Beiheft
    RVK:
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
    Note: Beteil. Körp. früher: Gesellschaft für Völkerkunde (Verein zur Förderung des Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museums der Stadt Köln)
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  • 21
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Mainz am Rhein : Nünnerich-Asmus | Köln : Wienand | Köln : Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum für Völkerkunde der Stadt Köln | Köln : SFB 389, Univ. | Köln : Brill | Leipzig ; 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
    ISSN: 0071-1845
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
    Additional Information: Beih. Ethnologica / Beiheft. Beiheft
    RVK:
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
    Note: Beteil. Körp. früher: Gesellschaft für Völkerkunde (Verein zur Förderung des Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museums der Stadt Köln)
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  • 22
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Köln : Wienand | Köln : Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum für Völkerkunde der Stadt Köln | Köln : SFB 389, Univ. | Köln : Brill | Leipzig | Mainz am Rhein : Nünnerich-Asmus ; 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
    ISSN: 0071-1845
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
    Additional Information: Beih. Ethnologica / Beiheft. Beiheft
    RVK:
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
    Note: Beteil. Körp. früher: Gesellschaft für Völkerkunde (Verein zur Förderung des Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museums der Stadt Köln)
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  • 23
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1963(1964) -
    Additional Information: 1968=1958/62; 1969=1952/57; 1970=1945/51 von Chronik des künstlerischen Volksschaffens Leipzig, 1968
    Additional Information: 1966=1963/66 Chronologie des künstlerischen Volksschaffens Leipzig, 1966
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Zeitschrift
    Note: Teils ohne Zählung
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  • 24
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1963(1964) -
    Additional Information: 1968=1958/62; 1969=1952/57; 1970=1945/51 von Chronik des künstlerischen Volksschaffens Leipzig, 1968
    Additional Information: 1966=1963/66 Chronologie des künstlerischen Volksschaffens Leipzig, 1966
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Zeitschrift
    Note: Teils ohne Zählung
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  • 25
    Language: English
    DDC: 001.3060432122
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  • 26
    Language: English
    DDC: 001.3060432122
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  • 27
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Leipzig ; 1958; 1960; nachgewiesen 1963 -
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1958; 1960; nachgewiesen 1963 -
    Additional Information: 1961 Pirckheimer-Gesellschaft Neujahrsgabe der Pirckheimer-Gesellschaft Leipzig, 1960
    Additional Information: 1983/84=1 von Die Leipziger Bilderbogen und ihre Macher Leipzig, 1983
    Additional Information: 1993=3,Ex.101-600; 1995=5,Ex.101-700 von Sisyphos Berlin : Faber & Faber, 1991
    Former Title: Jahresgabe ... der Pirckheimer-Gesellschaft im Kulturbund der DDR
    Former Title: Jahresgabe ... der Pirckheimer-Gesellschaft im Deutschen Kulturbund
    Former Title: Jahresgabe der Pirckheimer Gesellschaft für ihre Mitglieder
    Former Title: Gabe / Pirckheimer-Gesellschaft im Deutschen Kulturbund
    DDC: 943
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 28
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Mainz am Rhein : Nünnerich-Asmus | Köln : Wienand | Köln : Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum für Völkerkunde der Stadt Köln | Köln : SFB 389, Univ. | Köln : Brill | Leipzig ; 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
    ISSN: 0071-1845
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
    Additional Information: Beih. Ethnologica / Beiheft. Beiheft
    DDC: 300
    RVK:
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
    Note: Beteil. Körp. früher: Gesellschaft für Völkerkunde (Verein zur Förderung des Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museums der Stadt Köln)
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  • 29
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Berlin : Duncker & Humblot | Leipzig ; 1.1953 -
    ISSN: 0429-1530 , 0429-1530
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1953 -
    Additional Information: Beil. zu: Sociologus
    Former Title: Forschungen zur Sozialpsychologie und Ethnologie
    DDC: 050
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 30
    Language: German
    Edition: Hamburg Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky [2021]
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Offizin Haag Drugulin Schriftproben der Offizin Haag-Drugulin AG
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  • 31
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Berlin : Duncker & Humblot | Leipzig ; 1.1953 -
    Show associated volumes/articles
    In:  Sociologus
    ISSN: 0429-1530 , 0038-0377
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1953 -
    Former Title: Forschungen zur Sozialpsychologie und Ethnologie
    Titel der Quelle: Sociologus
    Publ. der Quelle: Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 1932
    DDC: 050
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 32
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    München : Hirmer | Leipzig | [Wechselnde Erscheinungsorte] : [Wechselnde Verlage] ; 1.1927; 2.1912 - 4.1923; 5.1928 -
    ISSN: 0175-9434
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1927; 2.1912 - 4.1923; 5.1928 -
    Series Statement: Teils: Veröffentlichungen der Bibliotheca Hertziana (Max-Planck-Institut in Rom)
    Series Statement: Teils: Veröffentlichungen der Bibliotheca Hertziana - Max-Planck-Institut für Kunstgeschichte, Rom
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion Bibliotheca Hertziana (Rom) Römische Forschungen der Bibliotheca Hertziana
    Former Title: Römische Forschungen
    DDC: 700
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
    Note: Band 27 in der Zählung ausgelassen
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  • 33
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Mainz am Rhein : Nünnerich-Asmus | Köln : Wienand | Köln : Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum für Völkerkunde der Stadt Köln | Köln : SFB 389, Univ. | Köln : Brill | Leipzig ; 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
    Show associated volumes/articles
    ISSN: 0071-1845
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
    Additional Information: Beih. Ethnologica / Beiheft
    DDC: 300
    RVK:
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe ; Drogenkonsum ; Droge ; Kultur ; Rauschgift ; Kulturvergleich ; Ethnosoziologie ; Drogenmissbrauch
    Note: Beteil. Körp. früher: Gesellschaft für Völkerkunde (Verein zur Förderung des Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museums der Stadt Köln)
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  • 34
    Title: ال نشرات الإسلامية
    ISSN: 0170-3102
    Language: Arabic
    Dates of Publication: 1.1929 -
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion Bibliotheca islamica
    DDC: 950
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe ; Islam
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  • 35
    Language: Latin
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion Haubold, Christian Gottlieb, 1766 - 1824 Doctrina Pandectarum
    Keywords: Handschrift
    Note: Papier, schwarze Pappbände
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  • 36
    Language: Russian
    Edition: Fotomech. Neudr. [d. Originalausg. Vyp. 2 - 6. S.-Peterburg: Tpi. Imp. AN 1911-1921]
    Note: In kyrill. Schr
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  • 37
    Language: German
    RVK:
    Keywords: Verzeichnis ; Speck von Sternburg, Hermann 1852-1908 ; Sammlung ; Grassi Museum für Völkerkunde zu Leipzig ; Buddhistische Kunst ; Plastik ; Thanka ; China ; Religiöse Kunst
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  • 38
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Mainz am Rhein : Nünnerich-Asmus | Köln : Wienand | Köln : Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum für Völkerkunde der Stadt Köln | Köln : SFB 389, Univ. | Köln : Brill | Leipzig ; 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
    Show associated volumes/articles
    ISSN: 0071-1845
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
    Additional Information: Beih. Ethnologica / Beiheft
    DDC: 300
    RVK:
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe ; Drogenkonsum ; Droge ; Kultur ; Rauschgift ; Kulturvergleich ; Ethnosoziologie ; Drogenmissbrauch
    Note: Beteil. Körp. früher: Gesellschaft für Völkerkunde (Verein zur Förderung des Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museums der Stadt Köln)
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Leipzig ; 1.1854 -
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1854 -
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Hausbibliothek für Länder- und Völkerkunde
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe ; Geografie ; Reise ; Russland Süd ; Russland
    Note: Gesehen am 28.11.07
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  • 40
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Berlin : Duncker & Humblot | Leipzig ; 1.1953 -
    Show associated volumes/articles
    In:  Sociologus
    ISSN: 0429-1530 , 0038-0377
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1953 -
    Former Title: Forschungen zur Sozialpsychologie und Ethnologie
    Titel der Quelle: Sociologus
    Publ. der Quelle: Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 1932
    DDC: 050
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 41
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Berlin : Duncker & Humblot | Leipzig ; 1.1953 -
    Show associated volumes/articles
    In:  Sociologus
    ISSN: 0429-1530 , 0038-0377
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1953 -
    Former Title: Forschungen zur Sozialpsychologie und Ethnologie
    Titel der Quelle: Sociologus
    Publ. der Quelle: Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 1932
    DDC: 050
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 42
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Mainz am Rhein : Nünnerich-Asmus | Köln : Wienand | Köln : Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum für Völkerkunde der Stadt Köln | Köln : SFB 389, Univ. | Köln : Brill | Leipzig ; 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
    Show associated volumes/articles
    ISSN: 0071-1845
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
    Additional Information: Beih. Ethnologica / Beiheft
    DDC: 300
    RVK:
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe ; Drogenkonsum ; Droge ; Kultur ; Rauschgift ; Kulturvergleich ; Ethnosoziologie ; Drogenmissbrauch
    Note: Beteil. Körp. früher: Gesellschaft für Völkerkunde (Verein zur Förderung des Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museums der Stadt Köln)
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  • 43
    Language: German
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  • 44
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Berlin : Duncker & Humblot | Leipzig ; 1.1953 -
    Show associated volumes/articles
    In:  Sociologus
    ISSN: 0429-1530 , 0038-0377
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1953 -
    Former Title: Forschungen zur Sozialpsychologie und Ethnologie
    Titel der Quelle: Sociologus
    Publ. der Quelle: Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 1932
    DDC: 050
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 45
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Wiesbaden : Harrassowitz | Leipzig ; 1.1902 - 33.1942(1943); 34.1950 - 55.1993; 56.1995/96(1995) -
    ISSN: 0075-2223
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1902 - 33.1942(1943); 34.1950 - 55.1993; 56.1995/96(1995) -
    Additional Information: In Beziehung stehendes Werk Verein Deutscher Bibliothekare Betriebsstatistik / Verein Deutscher Bibliothekare Berlin : Dt. Bibliotheksinstitut, 1903 0343-2807
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Jahrbuch der deutschen Bibliotheken
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Bibliothek ; Bibliotheksberufe ; Berufsverband ; Deutschland ; Bibliotheksführer ; Bibliothekar ; Wissenschaftliche Bibliothek ; Jahresbericht ; Zeitschrift ; Verzeichnis ; Biografie ; Adressbuch ; Führer ; Wörterbuch ; Deutschland ; Bibliothek ; Deutschland ; Bibliothek ; Deutschland ; Bibliothekar ; Höherer Dienst ; Deutschland ; Bibliothekar ; Höherer Dienst ; Deutschland ; Wissenschaftliche Bibliothek ; Bibliothek ; Deutschland ; Wissenschaftliche Bibliothek ; Archiv ; Deutschland ; Bibliothekar ; Höherer Dienst ; Deutschland ; Information und Dokumentation ; Öffentliche Bibliothek
    Note: Herausgebendes Organ bis 65 (2013/2014): Verein Deutscher Bibliothekare , Repr.: New York, NY : Johnson , Bis 45.1973 darin: Betriebsstatistik
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  • 46
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Helsinki : Finnisch-Ugrische Ges. | Leipzig | Helsingfors : Finnisch-Ugrische Ges. ; 1.1901 -
    ISSN: 0355-1253
    Language: German , English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1901 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Finnisch-ugrische Forschungen
    DDC: 890
    RVK:
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Finnougrische Sprachen ; Finnougrier ; Ethnologie ; Finnougrier ; Volkskunde
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  • 47
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Mainz am Rhein : Nünnerich-Asmus | Köln : Wienand | Köln : Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum für Völkerkunde der Stadt Köln | Köln : SFB 389, Univ. | Köln : Brill | Leipzig ; 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
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    ISSN: 0071-1845
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1909 - 5.1941; N.F. 1.1959 -
    Additional Information: Beih. Ethnologica / Beiheft
    DDC: 300
    RVK:
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe ; Drogenkonsum ; Droge ; Kultur ; Rauschgift ; Kulturvergleich ; Ethnosoziologie ; Drogenmissbrauch
    Note: Beteil. Körp. früher: Gesellschaft für Völkerkunde (Verein zur Förderung des Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museums der Stadt Köln)
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  • 48
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Wiesbaden : Harrassowitz | Leipzig ; 1.1902 - 33.1942(1943); 34.1950 - 55.1993; 56.1995/96(1995) -
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    ISSN: 0075-2223
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1902 - 33.1942(1943); 34.1950 - 55.1993; 56.1995/96(1995) -
    Additional Information: In Beziehung stehendes Werk Verein Deutscher Bibliothekare Betriebsstatistik / Verein Deutscher Bibliothekare Berlin : Dt. Bibliotheksinstitut, 1903 0343-2807
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Jahrbuch der deutschen Bibliotheken
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Bibliothek ; Bibliotheksberufe ; Berufsverband ; Deutschland ; Bibliotheksführer ; Bibliothekar ; Wissenschaftliche Bibliothek ; Jahresbericht ; Zeitschrift ; Verzeichnis ; Biografie ; Adressbuch ; Führer ; Wörterbuch ; Deutschland ; Bibliothek ; Deutschland ; Bibliothek ; Deutschland ; Bibliothekar ; Höherer Dienst ; Deutschland ; Bibliothekar ; Höherer Dienst ; Deutschland ; Wissenschaftliche Bibliothek ; Bibliothek ; Deutschland ; Wissenschaftliche Bibliothek ; Archiv ; Deutschland ; Bibliothekar ; Höherer Dienst ; Deutschland ; Information und Dokumentation ; Öffentliche Bibliothek
    Note: Herausgebendes Organ bis 65 (2013/2014): Verein Deutscher Bibliothekare , Repr.: New York, NY : Johnson , Bis 45.1973 darin: Betriebsstatistik
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  • 49
    Article
    Article
    Leipzig
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    In:  Comparativ 19(2009), 6, Seite 69-85 | volume:19 | year:2009 | number:6 | pages:69-85
    ISSN: 0940-3566
    Language: German
    Titel der Quelle: Comparativ
    Publ. der Quelle: Leipzig : Leipziger Universitätsverlag, 1991
    Angaben zur Quelle: 19(2009), 6, Seite 69-85
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:19
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2009
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:6
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:69-85
    DDC: 306.4
    RVK:
    Keywords: Konsumgesellschaft ; Verbrauch ; Verbraucherverhalten ; Privater Verbrauch ; Massenkultur ; Konsumgut ; Lebensstil ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Frankreich ; Deutschland ; Großbritannien ; Italien ; Westeuropa ; Verbrauch ; Konsumgesellschaft ; Geschichte 1950-1970
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  • 50
    Language: German
    Pages: 100 Bl. , graph. Darst. , 30 cm
    Dissertation note: Leipzig, Univ., Diss., 2009
    DDC: 305.23086914
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  • 51
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 CD-R , 12 cm
    Dissertation note: Leipzig, Univ., Diss., 2009
    DDC: 306.82095491
    Keywords: Pandschab 〈Pakistan〉 ; Eheschließung ; Ehevermittlung ; Verwandtschaftssystem ; Sozialstruktur ; CD-ROM
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  • 52
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4807
    Parallel Title: Demirgüç-Kunt, Aslı Are all the sacred cows dead?
    Keywords: Economic policy ; Financial crises ; Economic policy ; Financial crises
    Abstract: "The recent global financial crisis has shaken the confidence of developed and developing countries alike in the very blueprint of financial and macro policies that underlie the western capitalist systems. In an effort to contain the crisis from spreading, the authorities in the US and many European governments have taken unprecedented steps of providing extensive liquidity, giving assurances to bank depositors and creditors that include blanket guarantees, and structuring bail-out programs that include taking large ownership stakes in financial institutions, in addition to establishing programs for direct provision of credit to non-financial institutions. Emphasizing the importance of incentives and tensions between short term and longer term policy responses to crisis management, this paper draws on a large body of research evidence and country experiences to discuss the implications of the current crisis for financial and macroeconomic policies going forward. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4811
    Parallel Title: Available in another form Effects of privatization and ownership in transition economies
    Keywords: Privatization ; Privatization
    Abstract: "The paper evaluates the effects of privatization in the post-communist economies and China. In post-communist economies privatization to foreign owners results in a rapid improvement in performance of firms, while performance effects of privatization to domestic owners are less impressive and vary across regions, coinciding with differences in policies and institutional development. In China relatively more estimates suggest that privatization to domestic owners improves the level of performance. Concentrated private ownership has a stronger positive effect on performance than dispersed ownership in the post-communist economies, but foreign joint ventures rather than wholly owned foreign firms have a positive effect in China. Worker or collective ownership does not have a negative effect. In the post-communist economies new firms are equally or more efficient than firms privatized to domestic owners, and foreign start-ups are more efficient than domestic ones. Privatization is not associated with lower employment. When accompanied by complementary reforms, privatization has a positive effect on economic growth. Three factors appear to drive the more positive effect of privatization to foreign than domestic owners. Domestic managers have more limited skills and access to world markets, domestically privatized firms have been more subject to tunneling and in some countries new large shareholders artificially decreased performance. The important policy implication is that privatization per se does not guarantee improved performance, at least not in the short- to medium-run. Type of private ownership, corporate governance, access to know-how and markets, and the legal and institutional system matter for firm performance. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4814
    Parallel Title: Chen, Dandan Vocational schooling, labor market outcomes, and college entry
    Keywords: Education, Secondary ; Vocational education ; Education, Secondary ; Vocational education
    Abstract: "This paper examines the differentiated outcomes of vocational and general secondary academic education, particularly in terms of employment opportunities, labor market earnings, and access to tertiary education in Indonesia. With data from a panel of two waves of the Indonesia Family Life Survey in 1997 and 2000, the paper tracks a cohort of high school students in 1997 to examine their schooling and employment status in 2000. The findings demonstrate that: (1) attendance at vocational secondary schools results in neither market advantage nor disadvantage in terms of employment opportunities and/or earnings premium; (2) attendance at vocational schools leads to significantly lower academic achievement as measured by national test scores; and (3) There is no stigma attached to attendance at vocational schools that results in a disadvantage in access to tertiary education; rather, it is the lower academic achievement associated with attendance at vocational school that lowers the likelihood of entering college. The empirical approach of this paper addresses two limitations of the existing literature in this area. First, it takes into account the observation censoring issue due to college entry when evaluating labor market outcomes of secondary school graduates. Second, using an instrumental variable approach, the paper also treats endogeneity of household choice of vocational versus academic track of secondary education, teasing out the net effect of secondary school choice on labor market and schooling outcomes. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 55
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4819
    Parallel Title: Mitra, Pradeep Convergence in institutions and market outcomes
    Keywords: Economics ; Economics
    Abstract: "This paper uses firm-level data from the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Surveys to study the process of convergence of transition countries with developed market economies. The study focuses on competition and market structure, finance and the structure of lending to firms, and how firms respond to the economic environment by restructuring. The authors find substantial evidence of convergence in a number of dimensions. The pattern of growth at the country, sector, and firm levels shows rapid growth of the new private sector and of the micro and small-firm sectors, with the size distribution of firms moving toward the pattern observed in the surveys of developed market economies. In finance, increasing reliance on retained earnings in transition countries reflects a maturation of the sector as new firms come to rely less on informal and family sources of finance. The authors find evidence of an inverse-U pattern, with the peak of restructuring activity taking place in 2002, the middle of the period analyzed. Throughout, the regional patterns suggest greater convergence in the transition countries that joined the European Union in 2004 than in the other, lower-income transition economies. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4848
    Parallel Title: Portugal-Pérez, Alberto Assessing the impact of political economy factors on rules of origin under NAFTA
    Keywords: Certificates of origin ; Certificates of origin
    Abstract: "Rules of origin are legitimate policy instruments to prevent trade deflection in a preferential trade agreement short of a customs union. Trade deflection takes place when a product imported into the preferential trade agreement through the member with the lowest external tariff is transhipped to a higher-tariff member, while yielding a benefit for the re-exporter. Yet, when captured by special interest groups, rules of origin can restrict trade beyond what is needed to prevent trade deflection. By how much do political economy factors account for the stringency of rules of origin? This study quantifies the impact of both determinants - those considered "justifiable" because they prevent trade deflection and those deemed to arise from "political economy" forces - on the restrictiveness of rules of origin under the North American Free Trade Agreement, approximated by a restrictiveness index. The main finding is that political economy forces, especially from the United States, raised significantly the restrictiveness of the rules of origin. Indeed, in industries where political-economy forces were strong prior to the North American Free Trade Agreement, as when the U.S. Most Favored Nation tariff was high or the revealed comparative advantage of Mexico (the United States) was strong (weak), more stringent rules of origin were introduced. Thus, stricter rules of origin are associated with higher production costs reducing the potential benefits of enhanced market access that is initially pursued by this type of agreement. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 57
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4853
    Parallel Title: Estache, Antonio Auctions with endogenous participation and quality thresholds
    Abstract: "Infrastructure projects are often technically complicated and highly customized. Therefore, procurement competition tends to be limited. Competition is the single most important factor toward auction efficiency and anti-corruption. However, the degree of competition realized is closely related to bidders' entry decision and the auctioneer's decision on how to assess technical attributes in the bid evaluation process. This paper estimates the interactive effects among quality, entry, and competition. With data on procurement auctions for electricity projects in developing countries, it is found that large electricity works are by nature costly and can attract only a few participants. The limited competition would raise government procurement costs. In addition, high technical requirements are likely to be imposed for these large-scale projects, which will in turn add extra costs for the better quality of works and further limit bidder participation. The evidence suggests that quality is of particular importance in large infrastructure projects and auctioneers cannot easily substitute price for quality. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4857
    Parallel Title: Robinson, Jonathan Transactional sex as a response to risk in Western Kenya
    Keywords: AIDS (Disease) ; Prostitutes Health and hygiene ; Prostitution Health aspects ; AIDS (Disease) ; Prostitutes Health and hygiene ; Prostitution Health aspects
    Abstract: "Formal and informal commercial sex work is a way of life for many poor women in developing countries. Though sex workers have long been identified as crucial in affecting the spread of HIV/AIDS, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, the nature of sex-for-money transactions remains poorly understood. Using a unique panel dataset constructed from 192 self-reported sex worker diaries which include detailed information on sexual behavior, labor supply, and health shocks, the authors find that sex workers adjust their supply of risky, better compensated sex to cope with unexpected health shocks, exposing themselves to increased risk of HIV infection. In particular, women are 3.1 percent more likely to see a client, 21.2 percent more likely to have anal sex, and 19.1 percent more likely to have unprotected sex on days in which a household member falls ill. Women also increase their supply of risky sex on days after missing work due to symptoms from a sexually transmitted infection. Given that HIV prevalence has been estimated at 9.8 percent in this part of Kenya, these behavioral responses entail significant health risks for sex workers and their partners, and suggest that sex workers are unable to cope with risk through other formal or informal consumption smoothing mechanisms. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 59
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4809
    Parallel Title: Urdapilleta, Eduardo Banking in Brazil
    Keywords: Banks and banking ; Banks and banking
    Abstract: " The objective of this paper is to analyze the industry structure of banking services in Brazil in order to shed light on financial performance and its drivers at a disaggregated level. The study illustrates how differences across market segments - which tend to be averaged out in aggregate analysis - need to be taken into account when analyzing performance and designing public policy for the banking sector. In particular, retail banking is found to be less sensitive to price competition and to exhibit considerably higher returns than corporate banking. The authors identify and discuss the factors underlying revenues, costs, and risks in each market segment, and conclude with policy implications. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 60
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4864
    Parallel Title: Lloyd, P. J How do agricultural policy restrictions to global trade and welfare differ across commodities ?
    Keywords: Agricultural subsidies ; Agriculture and state ; Agricultural subsidies ; Agriculture and state
    Abstract: "For decades the world's agricultural markets have been highly distorted by national government policies, but very differently for different commodities. Hence a weighted average across countries of nominal rates of assistance or consumer tax equivalents for a product can be misleading as an indicator of the trade or welfare effects of policies affecting that product's global market. This is especially the case when some countries tax and others subsidize its production or consumption. This article develops a new set of more-satisfactory indicators for that purpose, drawing on the recent literature on trade restrictiveness indexes. It then exploits a global agricultural distortions database recently compiled by the World Bank to generate the first set of estimates of those two indicators for each of 28 key agricultural commodities from 1960 to 2004, based on a sample of 75 countries that together account for more than three-quarters of the world's production of those agricultural commodities. These reveal the considerable extent of reforms in agricultural policies of developing as well as high-income countries over the past two decades. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4868
    Parallel Title: Van Kooten, G. C Wind power development
    Keywords: Wind power ; Wind power
    Abstract: "This study reviews the prospects of wind power at the global level. Existing studies indicate that the earth's wind energy supply potential significantly exceeds global energy demand. Yet, only 1 percent of the global electricity demand is currently derived from wind power despite 40 percent annual growth in wind generating capacity over the past 25 years. More than 98 percent of total current wind power capacity is installed in the developed countries plus China and India. It has been estimated that wind power could supply 7 to 34 percent of global electricity needs by 2050. However, wind power faces a large number of technical, economic, financial, institutional, market, and other barriers. To overcome these barriers, many countries have employed various policy instruments, including capital subsidies, tax incentives, tradable energy certificates, feed-in tariffs, grid access guarantees and mandatory standards. Besides these policies, climate change mitigation initiatives resulting from the Kyoto Protocol (e.g., CO2-emission reduction targets in developed countries and the Clean Development Mechanism in developing countries) have played a significant role in promoting wind power. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/19/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4872
    Parallel Title: Raddatz, Claudio E Multilateral debt relief through the eyes of financial markets
    Keywords: Debt relief ; Debt relief
    Abstract: "The economic benefits of debt relief for recipient countries have been the subject of arduous debate, at least partly motivated by the difficulty of identifying the causal effect of debt relief on economic performance-given that performance itself may drive the decision to grant relief. This paper conducts an event study to assess the economic consequences of multilateral debt relief for recipient countries that is robust to these reverse causality issues. It estimates the response of the stock prices of South African multinationals with subsidiaries in those countries to the announcement of debt relief initiatives, and shows that stock prices exhibit a significant increase above those of other firms, especially around the launching of the recent Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative. The improvement in financial markets' assessment of the value of these multinationals is consistent with lower expected levels of future taxation in the recipient countries. Overall, the results are consistent with the "debt overhang" argument for debt relief. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 63
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4818
    Parallel Title: Vollmer, Sebastian Political institutions and human development
    Keywords: Democracy Economic aspects ; Economic development ; Democracy Economic aspects ; Economic development
    Abstract: "Institutions are a major field of interest in the study of development processes. The authors contribute to this discussion concentrating our research on political institutions and their effect on the non-income dimensions of human development. First, they elaborate a theoretical argument why and under what conditions democracies compared to autocratic political systems might perform better with regards to the provision of public goods. Due to higher redistributive concerns matched to the needs of the population democracies should show a higher level of human development. In the following they analyze whether our theoretical expectations are supported by empirical facts. The authors perform a static panel analysis over the period of 1970 to 2003. The model confirms that living in a democratic system positively affects human development measured by life expectancy and literacy rates even controlling for GDP. By analyzing interaction effects they find that the performance of democracy is rather independent of the circumstances. However, democracy leads to more redistribution in favor of health provision in more unequal societies. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4880
    Parallel Title: Available in another form Trends in household coverage of modern infrastructure services in Africa
    Keywords: Household surveys ; Infrastructure (Economics) ; Household surveys ; Infrastructure (Economics)
    Abstract: "Household surveys have long been used to estimate poverty and inequality trends, as well as trends in education and health indicators, but they have not been used to the same extent to assess trends in the access to or coverage of modern infrastructure services. In this paper, we use Demographic and Health Surveys from a larger sample of sub-Saharan African countries in order to collect comparable information across countries on coverage of piped water, flush toilets, electricity, and landline telephones over time. The results suggest that coverage rates for electricity, flush toilets have improved slightly over the last decade. Coverage of piped water has declined, at the same time as coverage of landline (as well as cellular) telephone has increased rapidly. The decline has been primarily in the urban areas while the infrastructure coverage has either increased or remained stable in rural Africa. For all four services, among the poorest households coverage remains virtually inexistent. If business as usual continues, it would take a very long time to reach universal or widely shared coverage even in countries where coverage has improved. These results point to the need to increase efforts by governments and international community to progressively increase access to modern infrastructure services in Africa. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4889
    Parallel Title: Available in another form Orphanhood and the living arrangements of children in Sub-Saharan Africa
    Keywords: 1991-2004 ; Kinder ; Eltern ; Sterblichkeit ; Humankapital ; Gesundheit ; Bildungsverhalten ; Tansania ; AIDS (Disease) ; Child care ; Orphans ; AIDS (Disease) ; Child care ; Orphans
    Abstract: "Increasing adult mortality due to HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa raises considerable concerns about the welfare of surviving children. Studies have found substantial variability across countries in the negative impacts of orphanhood on child health and education. One hypothesis for this variability is the resilience of the extended family network in some countries to care for orphans-networks under increasing pressure by the sheer number of orphans in many settings. Using household survey data from 21 countries in Africa, this study examines trends in orphanhood and living arrangements, and the links between the two. The findings confirm that orphanhood is increasing, although not all countries are experiencing rapid rises. In many countries, there has been a shift toward grandparents taking on increased childcare responsibility-especially where orphan rates are growing rapidly. This suggests some merit to the claim that the extended network is narrowing, focusing on grandparents who are older and may be less able to financially support orphans than working-age adults. However there are also changes in childcare patterns in countries with stable orphan rates or low HIV prevalence. This suggests future work on living arrangements should not exclude low HIV/AIDS prevalence countries, and explanations for changes should include a broader set of factors. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 66
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4893
    Parallel Title: Dasgupta, Susmita Stockpiles of obsolete pesticides and cleanup priorities
    Keywords: Pesticides Risk mitigation ; Pesticides Risk mitigation
    Abstract: "Obsolete pesticides have accumulated in almost every developing country or economy in transition over the past several decades. Public health and environmental authorities are eager to reduce health threats by removing and decontaminating stockpile sites, but there are many sites, cleanup can be costly, and public resources are scarce. Under these conditions, it seems sensible to develop a methodology for prioritizing sites and treating them sequentially, as budgetary resources permit. This paper presents a methodology that develops cleanup priority indices for Tunisia. The approach integrates information on populations at risk, their proximity to stockpiles, and the relative toxic hazards of the stockpiles. The robustness of this approach is tested by varying model parameters widely and testing for stability in the rank-ordering of results. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 67
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4898
    Parallel Title: Stephanou, Constantinos Including financial services in preferential trade agreements
    Keywords: Financial services industry ; Financial services industry ; China Commercial treaties ; China Commercial treaties
    Abstract: "The objective of this paper is to address the main considerations for China of including financial services in its preferential trade agreements. The paper briefly reviews China's financial liberalization process and the state of its domestic financial system, discusses the main considerations of including financial services in China's preferential trade agreements, compares and contrasts the different 'architectural' approaches that have been used by countries to include financial services in such agreements, and identifies good practices in preparing for financial services negotiations. Particular emphasis is placed on lessons from Latin American preferential trade agreements, given their more frequent and extensive coverage of financial services compared with other regions. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4902
    Parallel Title: Braun, Matías Banking on politics
    Keywords: Bank directors ; Banking law ; Bank directors ; Banking law
    Abstract: "This paper presents new data from 150 countries showing that former cabinet members, central bank governors, and financial regulators are many orders of magnitude more likely than other citizens to become board members of banks. Countries where the politician-banker phenomenon is more prevalent have higher corruption and more powerful yet less accountable governments, but not better functioning financial systems. Regulation becomes more pro-banker where this happens more often. Furthermore, a higher fraction of the rents that are created accrue to bankers, former politicians are not more likely to be directors when their side is in power, and banks are more profitable without being more leveraged. Rather than supporting a public interest view, the evidence is consistent with a capture-type private interest story where, in exchange for a non-executive position at a bank in the future, politicians provide for beneficial regulation. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 69
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4855
    Parallel Title: Estache, Antonio Bidders' entry and auctioneer's rejection
    Abstract: "Limited competition has been a serious concern in infrastructure procurement. Importantly, however, there are normally a number of potential bidders initially showing interest in proposed projects. This paper focuses on tackling the question why these initially interested bidders fade out. An empirical problem is that no bids of fading-out firms are observable. They could decide not to enter the process at the beginning of the tendering or may be technically disqualified at any point in the selection process. This paper applies the double selection model to procurement data from road development projects in developing countries and examines why competition ends up restricted. It shows that bidders are self-selective and auctioneers also tend to limit participation depending on the size of contracts. Therefore, limited competition would likely lead to high infrastructure procurement costs. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/5/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 70
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4859
    Parallel Title: Khandker, Shahidur R Welfare impacts of rural electrification
    Keywords: Income ; Rural electrification ; Income ; Rural electrification
    Abstract: "Lack of access to electricity is one of the major impediments to growth and development of the rural economies in developing countries. That is why access to modern energy, in particular to electricity, has been one of the priority themes of the World Bank and other development organizations. Using a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2005 of some 20,000 households in rural Bangladesh, this paper studies the welfare impacts of households' grid connectivity. Based on rigorous econometric estimation techniques, this study finds that grid electrification has significant positive impacts on households' income, expenditure, and educational outcomes. For example, the gain in total income due to electrification can be as much as 30 percent and as low as 9 percent. Benefits go up steadily as household exposure to grid electrification (measured by duration) increases and eventually reach a plateau. This paper also finds that rich households benefit more from electrification than poor households. Finally, estimates also show that income benefits of electrification on an average exceed cost by a wide margin. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 71
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4908
    Parallel Title: Carletto, Calogero Moving up the ladder?
    Keywords: Occupational mobility ; Return migration ; Occupational mobility ; Return migration
    Abstract: "The contribution of return migrants to economic development in source countries can be significant. Overseas savings of returnees may lead to improvements in household welfare and provide liquidity for investments in the face of credit market failures. Labor market experience and skills acquired abroad may also lead migrants to find occupations higher in the skill and remuneration spectrum upon return. This study uses the 2005 Albanian Living Standards Measurement Study Survey and estimates the impact of international migration experience on the occupational mobility of return migrants vis a vis working-age Albanian residents that never migrated. Controlling for the non-random nature of international migration and return, the results show that past migration experience increases the likelihood of upward occupational mobility. Exploring the heterogeneity of impact by host country indicates that the positive effect of past migration experience on upward occupational mobility is driven by past migration experience in Italy and countries further a field, while past migration experience in Greece does not exert any significant impact on mobility outcomes. The results, which are consistent across different sample specifications and outcome variables measuring occupational mobility, hint at the link between migration and human/financial capital formation among migrants and foster optimism concerning the positive effect of return migration on economic development. This insight is particularly important since remittances from permanent migrants, which have fueled the impressive growth performance of the country in the recent era, may taper off in the medium to long term with the decline in out-migration and growing global economic woes. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4917
    Parallel Title: Borchert, Ingo The crisis-resilience of services trade
    Keywords: Service industries ; Service industries
    Abstract: "Much attention has focused on the impact of the current crisis on goods trade; hardly any on its impact on services trade. Using new trade data from the United States, and more aggregate data from other OECD countries, the authors show that services trade is weathering the current crisis much better than goods trade. As of February 2009, the value of US goods imports had declined year-on-year by 33 percent and the value of goods exports by 21 percent; services imports and exports each had declined by less than 7 percent. Within services, interesting patterns are emerging. Trade in goods-related transport services and crisis-related financial services has shrunk, as has expenditure on tourism abroad. But trade in a range of business, professional, and technical services is still increasing, with US exports growing even faster (at 10 percent) than US imports (at 7 percent). Developing countries like India, which are relatively specialized in business process outsourcing and information technology services, have suffered much smaller declines in total exports to the United States than countries like Brazil and China and regions like Africa, which are specialized in exports of goods, transport services, or tourism services. On the basis of new evidence from Indian services exporters, the authors suggest that services trade is buoyant relative to goods trade for two reasons: demand for a range of traded services is less cyclical, and services trade and production are less dependent on external finance. Even though few explicitly protectionist measures have so far been taken in services, the changing political climate and the widening boundaries of the state in crisis countries may introduce a national bias in firms' procurement and location choices. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 73
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4858
    Parallel Title: Lanjouw, Peter Poverty decline, agricultural wages, and non-farm employment in rural India
    Keywords: Agricultural laborers ; Manpower policy, Rural ; Poverty ; Rural poor ; Agricultural laborers ; Manpower policy, Rural ; Poverty ; Rural poor
    Abstract: "The authors analyze five rounds of National Sample Survey data covering 1983, 1987/8, 1993/4, 1999/0, and 2004/5 to explore the relationship between rural diversification and poverty. Poverty in rural India declined at a modest rate during this period. The authors provide region-level estimates that illustrate considerable geographic heterogeneity in this progress. Poverty estimates correlate well with region-level data on changes in agricultural wage rates. Agricultural labor remains the preserve of the uneducated and also to a large extent of the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. Although agricultural labor grew as a share of total economic activity over the first four rounds, it had fallen back to the levels observed at the beginning of the survey period by 2004. This all-India trajectory masks widely varying trends across states. During this period, the rural non-farm sector grew modestly, mainly between the last two survey rounds. Regular non-farm employment remains largely associated with education levels and social status that are rare among the poor. However, casual labor and self-employment in the non-farm sector reveal greater involvement by disadvantaged groups in 2004 than in the preceding rounds. The implication for poverty is not immediately clear - the poor may be pushed into low-return casual non-farm activities due to lack of opportunities in the agricultural sector rather than being pulled by high returns offered by the non-farm sector. Econometric estimates reveal that expansion of the non-farm sector is associated with falling poverty via two routes: a direct impact on poverty that is likely due to a pro-poor marginal incidence of non-farm employment expansion; and an indirect impact attributable to the positive effect of non-farm employment growth on agricultural wages. The analysis also confirms the important contribution to rural poverty reduction from agricultural productivity, availability of land, and consumption levels in proximate urban areas. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 74
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4879
    Parallel Title: Allcott, Hunt The performance of decentralized school systems
    Keywords: Schools Decentralization ; Schools Decentralization
    Abstract: "This program evaluation estimates the effects on standardized test scores of graduating from the Fe y Alegria private school system in Venezuela. The authors find an Average Treatment Effect on the order of 0.1 standard deviations (approximately 16 percent of the average score), using a control group of public school students. These effects are significantly larger for households at the bottom of the distribution, and smaller for those at the top. The authors posit that the better performance of the Fe y Alegria system stems from their labor contract flexibility and decentralized administrative structure. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 75
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4866
    Parallel Title: Bhattacharyya, Subhes C Energy demand models for policy formulation
    Keywords: Energy policy ; Energy policy
    Abstract: "This paper critically reviews existing energy demand forecasting methodologies highlighting the methodological diversities and developments over the past four decades in order to investigate whether the existing energy demand models are appropriate for capturing the specific features of developing countries. The study finds that two types of approaches, econometric and end-use accounting, are used in the existing energy demand models. Although energy demand models have greatly evolved since the early 1970s, key issues such as the poor-rich and urban-rural divides, traditional energy resources, and differentiation between commercial and non-commercial energy commodities are often poorly reflected in these models. While the end-use energy accounting models with detailed sector representations produce more realistic projections compared with the econometric models, they still suffer from huge data deficiencies especially in developing countries. Development and maintenance of more detailed energy databases, further development of models to better reflect developing country context, and institutionalizing the modeling capacity in developing countries are the key requirements for energy demand modeling to deliver richer and more reliable input to policy formulation in developing countries. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 76
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4870
    Parallel Title: Fernandes, Ana Margarida Professional services and development
    Keywords: Professional education ; Professions ; Professional education ; Professions
    Abstract: "Professional skills are scarce in Mozambique, even by the standards of low-income countries. The solution, however, is not necessarily to create more Mozambican training institutions but to address market-specific problems. Where skills are already the binding constraint (for example, in auditing and engineering), policy action is indeed needed to remedy supply-side problems: capital market imperfections that inhibit investment in training institutions by entrepreneurs and in education by individuals; weakness in upstream school education, which handicaps Mozambican students in their pursuit of higher education; inadequacies in professional education and training, including curricula not attuned to industry needs; and a fragmentation of the regional education market by regulatory and language differences that prevent the emergence of regional institutions that can exploit economies of scale.Where skills may be limited but are not yet the binding constraint, the priority is to stimulate demand for appropriate skills. In this respect, the emergence of professional guilds offers opportunities, but also creates risks. The guilds can design, with government support, a regulatory framework, for example, in accounting and basic engineering, which is more attuned to the needs of Mozambican firms. They can also help make firms more aware of the benefits of professional help, for example, in accounting and information technology. The risk is that guilds will create unnecessary regulatory barriers to entry, particularly for foreign or foreign-trained professionals. Greater coherence between policies affecting professional services and international migration policy can help deal with both supply-side and demand-side problems. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 77
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4937
    Parallel Title: Klapper, Leora The impact of the business environment on the business creation process
    Keywords: Business enterprises Registration and transfer ; Entrepreneurship ; Business enterprises Registration and transfer ; Entrepreneurship
    Abstract: "New data from the 2008 World Bank Group Entrepreneurship Survey indicates a very strong and statistically significant relationship between entrepreneurship and a better business environment. Data for 100 countries on the number of total and newly registered corporations over an eight-year period (2000-2007) were collected directly from registrars of companies around the world. Data were also collected on the functioning and structure of business registries. Empirical evidence suggests that greater ease in starting a business and better governance are associated with increased entrepreneurial activity. After controlling for economic development (gross domestic product per capita), higher entrepreneurial activity is significantly associated with cheaper, more efficient business registration procedures and better governance. Although the degree of progress in the modernization of business registries varies greatly, countries usually have a common goal to evolve from a paper-based business registry to a one-stop, automated, web-enabled registry capable of delivering products and services online via transactions involving authenticated users and documents. Tests show that business registry modernization (often a component of broader private sector reforms) has a positive impact not only on the ease of creating a business, but also on new business registration. Overall, the data show that a quick, efficient, and cost-effective business registration process is critical for fostering formal sector entrepreneurship. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/26/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 78
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4878
    Parallel Title: Irving, Jacqueline Local sources of financing for infrastructure in Africa
    Keywords: Financial institutions ; Infrastructure (Economics) ; Financial institutions ; Infrastructure (Economics)
    Abstract: "With the exception of South Africa, local financial markets in sub-Saharan Africa remain underdeveloped and small, with a particular dearth of financing with maturity terms commensurate with the medium- to long-term horizons of infrastructure projects. But as financial market reforms gather momentum, there is growing awareness of the need to tap local and regional sources. Drawing on a comprehensive new database constructed for the purpose of this research, the paper assesses the actual and potential role of local financial systems for 24 African countries in financing infrastructure. The paper concludes that further development and more appropriate regulation of local institutional investors would help them realize their potential as financing sources, for which they are better suited than local banks because their liabilities would better match the longer terms of infrastructure projects. There are clear signs of positive change: private pension providers are emerging in Africa, there is a shift from defined benefit toward defined contribution plans, and African institutional investors have begun taking a more diversified portfolio approach in asset allocation. Although capital markets remain underdeveloped, new issuers in infrastructure sectors-particularly of corporate bonds-are coming to market in several countries, in some cases constituting the debut issue. More than half of the corporate bonds listed at end-2006 on these countries' markets were by companies in infrastructure sectors. More cross-border listings and investment within the region-in both corporate bonds and equity issues-including by local institutional investors, could help overcome local capital markets' impediments and may hold significant promise for financing cross-country infrastructure projects. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 79
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4906
    Parallel Title: Lin, Justin Yifu Development strategy, viability, and economic distortions in developing countries
    Keywords: Economics ; Government holding companies ; Economics ; Government holding companies
    Abstract: "This paper presents a three-sector static model to explore the rationale for a series of institutional distortions in developing countries. The authors argue that, after World War II, motivated by a belief in the development of state-of-the-art industries as a means for nation building, the majority of developing country governments attempted to accelerate the growth of advanced capital-intensive industries. However, since developing countries are relatively rich in labor or natural resource endowments but not in capital endowment, advanced capital-intensive industries were not adapted to the endowment structures of these developing countries at the time. Enterprises in those industries were non-viable in open, competitive markets and could not survive without government subsidization or protection. The model shows that, in order to mobilize resources into the capital-intensive, advanced sectors, it is necessary for governments to use distortionary policies such as taxes and subsidies, distortions of factor prices, directive allocation of resources, and nationalization of enterprises. Such distortions enable developing countries to set up advanced, capital-intensive industries in the early stage of their development. However, they also tend to suppress incentives, misallocate resources, and make the economy inefficient. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 80
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4887
    Parallel Title: De Hoyos, Rafael E Poverty effects of higher food prices
    Keywords: Food prices ; Poverty ; Food prices ; Poverty
    Abstract: "The spike in food prices between 2005 and the first half of 2008 has highlighted the vulnerabilities of poor consumers to higher prices of agricultural goods and generated calls for massive policy action. This paper provides a formal assessment of the direct and indirect impacts of higher prices on global poverty using a representative sample of 63 to 93 percent of the population of the developing world. To assess the direct effects, the paper uses domestic food consumer price data between January 2005 and December 2007--when the relative price of food rose by an average of 5.6 percent --to find that the implied increase in the extreme poverty headcount at the global level is 1.7 percentage points, with significant regional variation. To take the second-order effects into account, the paper links household survey data with a global general equilibrium model, finding that a 5.5 percent increase in agricultural prices (due to rising demand for first-generation biofuels) could raise global poverty in 2010 by 0.6 percentage points at the extreme poverty line and 0.9 percentage points at the moderate poverty line. Poverty increases at the regional level vary substantially, with nearly all of the increase in extreme poverty occurring in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4915
    Parallel Title: Kessides, Ioannis Nicolaos Toward defining and measuring the affordability of public utility services
    Keywords: Public utilities ; Public utilities
    Abstract: "This paper reviews the progress made in the literature toward defining and measuring the affordability of utilities. It highlights the relative merits of alternate affordability metrics; the practical challenges to their operationalization, including the underlying data requirements; and their implications for the design, evaluation, and implementation of appropriate affordability programs. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 82
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4922
    Parallel Title: Makdissi, Paul Can risk averse competitive input providers serve farmers efficiently in developing countries ?
    Abstract: "Under price ceilings and quality floors for agricultural inputs in cash crop sectors in developing countries where credit markets are weak, imperfect information on the ability of farmers to pay for their inputs at the end of the cropping season may lead the decentralized production of those inputs by risk averse private input providers to be inefficient. A coordinating agency and/or subsidies for new farmers could help to produce and distribute more agricultural inputs, thereby increasing the profits for input providers while also enabling more farmers to produce the crops that are key to their livelihood. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4923
    Parallel Title: Khandker, Shahidur R Poverty and income seasonality in Bangladesh
    Keywords: Income ; Poverty ; Income ; Poverty
    Abstract: "Seasonal poverty in Bangladesh, locally known as monga, refers to seasonal deprivation of food during the pre-harvest season of Aman rice. An analysis of household income and expenditure survey data shows that average household income and consumption are much lower during monga season than in other seasons, and that seasonal income greatly influences seasonal consumption. However, lack of income and consumption smoothing is more acute in greater Rangpur, the North West region, than in other regions, causing widespread seasonal deprivation. The analysis shows that agricultural income diversification accompanied by better access to micro-credit, irrigation, education, electrification, social safety net programs, and dynamic labor markets has helped reduce seasonality in income and poverty in regions other than Rangpur in the recent past. Hence, government policies should promote income diversification through infrastructure investments and provide income transfers to the targeted poor to contain income seasonality and poverty in this impoverished part of Bangladesh. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 84
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4934
    Parallel Title: De Mel, Suresh Innovative firms or innovative owners?
    Keywords: Small business ; Technological innovations ; Small business ; Technological innovations
    Abstract: "Innovation is key to technology adoption and creation, and to explaining the vast differences in productivity across and within countries. Despite the central role of the entrepreneur in the innovation process, data limitations have restricted standard analysis of the determinants of innovation to consideration of the role of firm characteristics. The authors develop a model of innovation that incorporates the role of both owner and firm characteristics, and use this to determine how product, process, marketing, and organizational innovations should vary with firm size and competition. They then use a new, large, representative survey from Sri Lanka to test this model and to examine whether and how owner characteristics matter for innovation. The survey also allows analysis of the incidence of innovation in micro and small firms, which have traditionally been overlooked in the study of innovation, despite these firms comprising the majority of firms in developing countries. The analysis finds that more than one-quarter of the microenterprises are engaging in innovation, with marketing innovations the most common. As predicted by the model, firm size has a stronger positive effect, and competition a stronger negative effect, on process and organizational innovations than on product innovations. Owner ability, personality traits, and ethnicity have a significant and substantial impact on the likelihood of a firm innovating, confirming the importance of the entrepreneur in the innovation process. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/26/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 85
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4935
    Parallel Title: Demirgüç-Kunt, Aslı Entrepreneurship in post-conflict transition
    Keywords: Entrepreneurship ; Self-employed ; Entrepreneurship ; Self-employed
    Abstract: "The authors examine the factors affecting the transition to self-employment in Bosnia and Herzegovina, using the World Bank Living Standard Measurement Survey panel household survey for the years 2001-2004. In the beginning of the sample, the country changed its legal framework, with the primary aim to promote labor market flexibility and to encourage entrepreneurial activity. The analysis identifies individuals that switched to self-employment (employers and own account) during the sample period and the viability of this transition, in terms of business survival for more than one year. The results suggest an important role for financing constraints. Specifically, wealthier households are more likely to become entrepreneurs and survive in self-employment. After controlling for household wealth, having an existing bank relationship increases the likelihood of starting a business with hired employees and increases the chances of survival for the new entrepreneur. By contrast, overseas - and in some cases domestic - remittances decrease the likelihood of becoming an entrepreneur. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/26/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4939
    Parallel Title: Foa, Roberto Social and governance dimensions of climate change
    Keywords: Climatic changes ; Natural disasters ; Climatic changes ; Natural disasters
    Abstract: "This paper addresses two vital concerns in the debate on adaptation to climate change. First, how can countries prepare to manage the impact of climate-change induced natural disasters? Second, how can countries ensure that they have the governmental institutions required to manage the phenomenal challenge of adaptation to climate change? A range of economic and institutional measures are tested for their potential effects on natural disaster resilience and the quality of environmental governance. The findings suggest an important role is played by social and political institutions in determining the ability of countries to adapt to climate change and respond to natural disasters, in particular in the degree to which countries have succeeded in gender empowerment and the development of a robust civil society and nonprofit sector. As the climate change challenge moves from that of "proving the facts" to that of "implementing change," the authors suggest that international policymakers, donors, and activists must increasingly focus on building domestic policy environments that are conducive to the delivery of more effective environmental legislation, for example through implementation of gender quotas and provision of support to civil society groups. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/26/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 87
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4823
    Parallel Title: Kenny, Charles Why do people die in earthquakes?
    Keywords: Earthquakes ; Earthquakes
    Abstract: "Every year, around 60,000 people die worldwide in natural disasters. The majority of the deaths are caused by building collapse in earthquakes, and the great majority occurs in the developing world. This is despite the fact that engineering solutions exist that can almost completely eliminate the risk of such deaths. Why is this? The engineering solutions are both expensive and technically demanding, so that the benefit-cost ratio of such solutions is often unfavorable compared with other interventions designed to save lives in developing countries. Nonetheless, a range of public disaster risk-reduction interventions (including construction activities) are highly cost effective. The fact that such interventions often remain unimplemented or ineffectively executed points to a role for issues of political economy. Building regulations in developing countries appear to have limited impact in many cases, perhaps because of limited capacity and the impact of corruption. Public construction is often of low quality - perhaps for similar reasons. This suggests approaches that emphasize simple and limited disaster risk regulation covering only the most at-risk structures and that (preferably) can be monitored by non-experts. It also suggests a range of transparency and oversight mechanisms for public construction projects. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 88
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4831
    Parallel Title: Hou, Xiaohui Wealth
    Keywords: Child labor ; Education ; Wealth ; Child labor ; Education ; Wealth
    Abstract: "The relationship between wealth and child labor has been widely examined. This paper uses three rounds of time-series, cross-sectional data to examine the relationship between wealth and child labor and schooling. The paper finds that wealth is crucial in determining a child's activities, but that this factor is far from being a sufficient condition to enroll a child in school. This is particularly the case for rural girls. Nonparametric analysis shows a universal increase in school enrollment for rural girls from 1998 to 2006. This increase is independent of wealth (measured by per capita expenditure). Multinomial logit regression further shows that wealth is insignificant in determining rural girls' activity decisions. Thus, interventions to increase school enrollment should incorporate broad-targeted, demand-side interventions as well as supply-side interventions. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4833
    Parallel Title: Ferre, Celine Age at first child
    Keywords: Education ; Fertility, Human ; Teenage pregnancy ; Education ; Fertility, Human ; Teenage pregnancy
    Abstract: "Completing additional years of education necessarily entails spending more time in school. There is naturally a rather mechanical effect of schooling on fertility if women tend not to have children while continuing to attend high school or college, thus delaying the beginning of and shortening their reproductive life. This paper uses data from the Kenyan Demographic and Health Surveys of 1989, 1993, 1998, and 2003 to uncover the impact of staying one more year in school on teenage fertility. To get around the endogeneity issue between schooling and fertility preferences, the analysis uses the 1985 Kenyan education reform as an instrument for years of education. The authors find that adding one more year of education decreases by at least 10 percentage points the probability of giving birth when still a teenager. The probability of having one's first child before age 20, when having at least completed primary education, is about 65 percent; therefore, for this means a reduction of about 15 percent in teenage fertility rates for this group. One additional year of school curbs the probability of becoming a mother each year by 7.3 percent for women who have completed at least primary education, and 5.6 percent for women with at least a secondary degree. These results (robust to a wide array of specifications) are of crucial interest to policy and decision makers who set up health and educational policies. This paper shows that investing in education can have positive spillovers on health. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 90
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4836
    Parallel Title: Barrera Osorio, Felipe The use and misuse of computers in education
    Keywords: Computer-assisted instruction ; Computer-assisted instruction
    Abstract: "This paper presents the evaluation of the program Computers for Education. The program aims to integrate computers, donated by the private sector, into the teaching of language in public schools. The authors conduct a two-year randomized evaluation of the program using a sample of 97 schools and 5,201 children. Overall, the program seems to have had little effect on students' test scores and other outcomes. These results are consistent across grade levels, subjects, and gender. The main reason for these results seems to be the failure to incorporate the computers into the educational process. Although the program increased the number of computers in the treatment schools and provided training to the teachers on how to use the computers in their classrooms, surveys of both teachers and students suggest that teachers did not incorporate the computers into their curriculum. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4841
    Parallel Title: Anós Casero, Paloma What drives firm productivity growth ?
    Keywords: Industrial productivity ; Industrial productivity
    Abstract: "This paper presents new evidence on the causal links between changes in the business environment and firm productivity growth. It contributes to the literature in three important aspects. First, it constructs a unique database merging information from two large firm-level databases. The samples of both databases are merged on four criteria-country, sub-national location, firm size, and year-producing a panel of 22,004 firms in eight economies of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union: Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia,, Poland, Romania, Serbia, and Ukraine. Second, the paper addresses shortcomings of earlier studies, namely reverse causation, multicollinearity, and unreliable productivity estimates. Firm productivity growth is estimated drawing on corporate financial data from manufacturing firms included in the AMADEUS database. Changes in the business environment are estimated from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys conducted in 2002 and 2005. Multicollinearity problems in the full model regression are mitigated by constructing a set of six aggregate indicators of the business environment (using principal component analysis). The paper finds that, over the period 2001 to 2004, an increase of one standard deviation in infrastructure quality, financial development, governance, labor market flexibility, labor quality, and market competition raises the total factor productivity of the average firm by 9.8, 7.8, 3.2, 3.4, 5.8, and 3 percent, respectively. Lastly, the paper decomposes firm productivity growth and ranks the relative impact of changes in these six aspects of the business environment by country, by firm size, and by industry. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4845
    Parallel Title: Farchy, Emily The impact of EU accession on human capital formation
    Keywords: Brain drain ; Human capital ; Brain drain ; Human capital
    Abstract: "Can a brain drain be good for development? Many studies have established the theoretical possibility of such a brain gain. Yet it is only recently that the relaxation of data constraints has allowed for sound empirical assessments. In utilizing the dramatic policy change that accompanied European Union accession as a natural experiment, this paper is able to assuage fears of reverse causality between migration and human capital formation. The results highlight a significant impact of European Union accession on human capital formation indicating that the prospect of migration can indeed fuel skill formation even in the context of middle-income economies. And, if accompanied by policies to promote return migration, as well as a functioning credit market to enable private investment, international labor mobility could represent a powerful tool for growth. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 93
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4852
    Parallel Title: Toto Same, Achille Transforming natural resource wealth into sustained growth and poverty reduction
    Keywords: Natural resources Government policy ; Natural resources Government policy
    Abstract: "Oil and mineral revenues raise national savings and hence facilitate investment, capital accumulation, and sustained growth; thus, there are benefits of owning large natural resources. There can be a significant spillover effect from the oil sector to the non-oil sector particularly if governments are committed to bridge the infrastructure gap and promote the non-oil economy and foremost the non-oil tradable sector. Consequently, the capacity for coordinated policy formulation and execution is fundamental as well as sound windfall management mechanisms and institutions. This conceptual framework uses the case of Indonesia and the example of Norway to argue that the resource paradox is avoidable. Abundance should not be a curse, but rather a blessing for Sub-Saharan Africa's oil and mineral exporting countries. The country context and political economy matter a great deal but should not be the main driving forces behind windfall management, to avoid excessive rent-seeking activities, inefficiency, and wasteful spending. The EITI++ implementation can contribute to make a difference, mostly through capacity building, implementation assistance, and coordination support. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4856
    Parallel Title: Söderbom, Måns Market integration and structural transformation in a poor rural economy
    Keywords: Rural development ; Rural development
    Abstract: "By developing a simple theoretical model of the impact of market integration on sectoral output and employment in a poor rural setting, this paper demonstrates that trade can induce asymmetric growth. Under certain, plausible, assumptions, the non-farm sector will grow much faster than the agricultural sector when markets become integrated. Promoting market integration may thus be an effective way of encouraging diversification beyond agriculture and catalysing structural change in poor rural economies. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 95
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4860
    Parallel Title: Sinha, Nistha Long-term financial incentives and investment in daughters
    Keywords: Daughters ; Health status indicators ; Human capital ; Sex of children, Parental preferences for ; Daughters ; Health status indicators ; Human capital ; Sex of children, Parental preferences for
    Abstract: "Since the early 1990s, several states in India have introduced financial incentive programs to discourage son preference among parents and encourage investment in daughters' education and health. This study evaluates one such program in the state of Haryana, Apni Beti Apna Dhan (Our Daughter, Our Wealth). Since 1994, eligible parents in Haryana have been offered a financial incentive if they give birth to a daughter. The incentive consists of an immediate cash grant and a long-term savings bond redeemable on the daughter's 18th birthday provided she is unmarried, with additional bonuses for education. Although no specific program participation data are available, we estimate early intent-to-treat program effects on mothers (sex ratio among live children, fertility preferences) and children (mother's use of antenatal care, survival, nutritional status, immunization, schooling) using statewide household survey data on fertility and child health, and constructing proxies for household and individual program eligibility. The results based on this limited data imply that Apni Beti Apna Dhan had a positive effect on the sex ratio of living children, but inconclusive effects on mothers' preferences for having female children as well as total desired fertility. The findings also show that parents increased their investment in daughters' human capital as a result of the program. Families made greater post-natal health investments in eligible girls, with some mixed evidence of improving health status in the short and medium term. Further evidence also suggests that the early cohort of eligible school-age girls was not significantly more likely to attend school; however, conditional on first attending any school, they may be more likely to continue their education. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4813
    Parallel Title: Lokshin, Michael Month of birth and children's health in India
    Keywords: Childbirth ; Children Health and hygiene ; Childbirth ; Children Health and hygiene
    Abstract: "The authors use data from three waves of the India National Family Health Survey to explore the relationship between the month of birth and the health outcomes of young children in India. They find that children born during the monsoon months have lower anthropometric scores compared with children born during the fall and winter months. The authors propose and test four hypotheses that could explain such a correlation. The results emphasize the importance of seasonal variations in affecting environmental conditions at the time of birth and determining the health outcomes of young children in India. Policy interventions that affect these conditions could effectively impact the health and achievement of these children, in a manner similar to nutrition and micronutrient supplementation programs. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4816
    Parallel Title: Ravallion, Martin The developing world's bulging (but vulnerable) "middle class
    Keywords: Middle class ; Middle class
    Abstract: "The "developing world's middle class" is defined here as those who are not poor when judged by the median poverty line of developing countries, but are still poor by US standards. The "Western middle class" is defined as those who are not poor by US standards. Although barely 80 million people in the developing world entered the Western middle class over 1990-2002, economic growth and distributional shifts allowed an extra 1.2 billion people to join the developing world's middle class. Four-fifths came from Asia, and half from China. Most of the new entrants remained fairly close to poverty, with incomes now bunched up just above
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 98
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4815
    Parallel Title: Zaidi, Salman Main drivers of income inequality in Central European and Baltic countries
    Keywords: Income distribution ; Income distribution ; Income distribution ; Income distribution
    Abstract: "Present levels of income inequality in Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia remain considerably higher than their pre-transition levels, although the relative pace of change over time has varied quite a bit across countries. Using data from the 2006 European Union Survey of Income and Living Conditions, this paper finds that prevailing levels of income inequality in these countries continue to be low by international standards, and that this is in large part due to the very high redistributive impact of direct taxes and public transfers. In addition to the instrumental role of tax and transfer policies in redistributing income, the paper highlights the important role played by differences in education levels and labor market participation rates in explaining observed inequalities across people and across different regions (although not in explaining observed differences across countries). The paper includes an analysis of key factors that help explain observed variation across countries in the level of public support for redistribution, including peoples' economic background and relative success in life, whether they perceive poverty to be associated with factors within or outside the control of those it afflicts (for example, laziness/lack of willpower vs. injustice in society). "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4876
    Parallel Title: Larson, Donald F The performance of Bulgarian food markets during reform
    Keywords: Food supply ; Food supply
    Abstract: "Food policy often depends on markets and markets depend on institutions. But how good do institutions have to be before reforms can be launched? Relying on well timed surveys of agricultural prices and a joint study by the Government of Bulgaria and the World Bank on agricultural market institutions, this paper presents evidence that performance in food markets improved following significant policy reforms in Bulgaria, although public institutions remained weak. This suggests that even though strong institutions are preferred to weak ones, it can be costly and impractical to delay policy reforms until work on strengthening institutions is finished. Still, measured performance varied by place and by commodity, suggesting that markets developed at different tempos and that the distribution of benefits from improved markets was uneven. This points to the need to address the costs of adjustment as policies change. The paper introduces a new approach to measure market performance based on composite-error techniques. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 100
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4822
    Parallel Title: V. Del Carpio, Ximena Leveling the intra-household playing field
    Keywords: Child labor ; Transfer payments ; Child labor ; Transfer payments
    Abstract: "This paper analyzes changes in the allocation of child labor within the household in reaction to exogenous shocks created by a social program in Nicaragua. The paper shows that households that randomly received a conditional cash transfer compensated for some of the intra-household differences, as they reduced child labor more for older boys who used to work more and for boys who were further behind in school. The results also show that households that randomly received a productive investment grant, in addition to the basic conditional cash transfer benefits, both targeted at women, show an increased specialization of older girls in nonagricultural and domestic work, but no overall increase in girls' child labor. The findings suggest that time allocation and specialization patterns in child labor within the household are important factors to understand the impact of a social program. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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