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  • 2005-2009  (1,142)
  • 1985-1989  (118)
  • World Bank  (1,119)
  • Institut ėtnografii imeni N.N. Miklucho-Maklaja
Material
Language
Years
Year
  • 1
    Language: Russian
    Note: 5 ff.: im Verlag Nauka, Moskva erschienen , In kyrill. Schr., russ.
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  • 2
    Language: Undetermined
    Dates of Publication: Nr. 1.1938,2 -
    Additional Information: 1,2=10 von Institut ėtnografii imeni N.N. Miklucho-Maklaja Trudy Ordena Družby Narodov Instituta Ėtnografii Imeni N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja Moskva : Izd. Akademii Nauk SSSR, 1938
    Former Title: Vorg. Institut antropologii, archeologii i ėtnografii Trudy Instituta Antropologii, Archeologii i Etnografii / Archeologičeskaja serija
    DDC: 930
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 3
    Language: Russian , French
    Dates of Publication: 10.1938 nachgewiesen; N.S. 1.1947 -
    Additional Information: 10=1,2 von Institut ėtnografii imeni N.N. Miklucho-Maklaja Trudy Instituta Etnografii / Archeologičeskaja serija Moskva : Izd. Akademii Nauk SSSR, 1938
    Additional Information: N.S.34=1; N.S.43=2; N.S.52=3 von Afrikanskij etnografičeskij sbornik Moskva : Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1956
    Additional Information: 90=6; 93=7; 96=8; 100=9; 103=10; 105=11; 109=12; 111=13; 113=14; 116=15 von Africana Moskva : Izd. "Nauka", 1966
    Additional Information: N.S.26=1; 46=2; 79=3; 99=5; 106=6; 108=7; 112=8; 115=9 u.a. von Kavkazskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva : Izd. Vostočnoj Literatury, 1955
    Additional Information: N.S.18=1; N.S.35=2; N.S.64=3; N.S.78=4; N.S.84=5 von Sibirskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva, 1952 0868-586X
    Additional Information: N.S.21=1; N.S.47=2; N.S.97=3 von Sredneaziatskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva, 1954
    Additional Information: N.S.30=1; 85=2; 91=3; 94=4; 95=5; 102=6; 104=7; 107=8; 110=9; 114=10 von Očerki istorii russkoj ėtnografii, fol'kloristiki i antropologii Moskva : Inst., 1956
    Additional Information: N.S.97=3 von Zanjatija i byt naradov Srednej Azii Leningrad, 1971
    Additional Information: 60=1; 73=2 von Vostočno-aziatskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva [u.a.], 1960
    Additional Information: N.S.39=1 von Peredneaziatskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva : Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1958
    Additional Information: N.S.33=1; N.S. 50=2; N.S.71=3; N.S.82=4 von Antropologičeskij sbornik Moskva [u.a.], 1956
    Additional Information: N.S.58=1 von Amerikanskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva [u.a.], 1960
    Additional Information: N.S.63=1; N.S.86=2; N.S.101=3 von Trudy mordovskoj ėtnografičeskoj ėkspedicii Moskva, 1960
    Former Title: Vorg. Institut antropologii, archeologii i ėtnografii Trudy Instituta Antropologii, Archeologii i Etnografii
    Former Title: Trudy Instituta Ėtnografii
    Former Title: Trudy Instituta 'Etnografii Im. N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja
    DDC: 930
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe ; Anthropologie ; Physiologie ; Medizin
    Note: In kyrill. Schr.
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  • 4
    Language: Russian
    Dates of Publication: 1.1967(1969) -
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Konferenzschrift
    Note: Rossijskaja Akademija Nauk ; Institut Ėtnologii i Antropologii Im. N.N. Miklucho-Maklaja ; Volgogradskij Ordena Znak Početa Gosudarstvennyj Pedagogičeskij Institut Im. A. A. Serafimoviča , Urh. früher: Institut Jazykoznanija, Akademija Nauk SSSR ; Institut Ėtnografii Imeni N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja, Akademija Nauk SSSR ; Uljanovskij Gosudarstvennyj Pedagogi českij Institut Imeni I. N. Uljanova; 6.1989,1: AN SSSR ; Institut Ėtnologii i Antropologii ; Volgogradskij Ordena Znak Početa Gosudarstvennyj Pedagogičeskij Institut Im. A. A. Serafimoviča , In kyrill. Schr
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  • 5
    Language: Undetermined
    Dates of Publication: 1.1956 -
    Additional Information: 1=N.S. 30; 2=85; 3=91; 4=94; 5=95; 6=102; 7=104; 8=107; 9=110; 10=114 u.a. von Institut ėtnografii imeni N.N. Miklucho-Maklaja Trudy Ordena Družby Narodov Instituta Ėtnografii Imeni N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja Moskva : Izd. Akademii Nauk SSSR, 1938
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Zeitschrift
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  • 6
    Language: Russian
    Dates of Publication: 1.1967(1969) -
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Konferenzschrift
    Note: Rossijskaja Akademija Nauk ; Institut Ėtnologii i Antropologii Im. N.N. Miklucho-Maklaja ; Volgogradskij Ordena Znak Početa Gosudarstvennyj Pedagogičeskij Institut Im. A. A. Serafimoviča , Urh. früher: Institut Jazykoznanija, Akademija Nauk SSSR ; Institut Ėtnografii Imeni N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja, Akademija Nauk SSSR ; Uljanovskij Gosudarstvennyj Pedagogi českij Institut Imeni I. N. Uljanova; 6.1989,1: AN SSSR ; Institut Ėtnologii i Antropologii ; Volgogradskij Ordena Znak Početa Gosudarstvennyj Pedagogičeskij Institut Im. A. A. Serafimoviča , In kyrill. Schr
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  • 7
    Language: Russian , French
    Dates of Publication: 10.1938 nachgewiesen; N.S. 1.1947 -
    Additional Information: 10=1,2 von Institut ėtnografii imeni N.N. Miklucho-Maklaja Trudy Instituta Etnografii / Archeologičeskaja serija Moskva : Izd. Akademii Nauk SSSR, 1938
    Additional Information: N.S.34=1; N.S.43=2; N.S.52=3 von Afrikanskij etnografičeskij sbornik Moskva : Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1956
    Additional Information: 90=6; 93=7; 96=8; 100=9; 103=10; 105=11; 109=12; 111=13; 113=14; 116=15 von Africana Moskva : Izd. "Nauka", 1966
    Additional Information: N.S.26=1; 46=2; 79=3; 99=5; 106=6; 108=7; 112=8; 115=9 u.a. von Kavkazskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva : Izd. Vostočnoj Literatury, 1955
    Additional Information: N.S.18=1; N.S.35=2; N.S.64=3; N.S.78=4; N.S.84=5 von Sibirskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva, 1952 0868-586X
    Additional Information: N.S.21=1; N.S.47=2; N.S.97=3 von Sredneaziatskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva, 1954
    Additional Information: N.S.30=1; 85=2; 91=3; 94=4; 95=5; 102=6; 104=7; 107=8; 110=9; 114=10 von Očerki istorii russkoj ėtnografii, fol'kloristiki i antropologii Moskva : Inst., 1956
    Additional Information: N.S.97=3 von Zanjatija i byt naradov Srednej Azii Leningrad, 1971
    Additional Information: 60=1; 73=2 von Vostočno-aziatskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva [u.a.], 1960
    Additional Information: N.S.39=1 von Peredneaziatskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva : Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1958
    Additional Information: N.S.33=1; N.S. 50=2; N.S.71=3; N.S.82=4 von Antropologičeskij sbornik Moskva [u.a.], 1956
    Additional Information: N.S.58=1 von Amerikanskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva [u.a.], 1960
    Additional Information: N.S.63=1; N.S.86=2; N.S.101=3 von Trudy mordovskoj ėtnografičeskoj ėkspedicii Moskva, 1960
    Former Title: Vorg. Institut antropologii, archeologii i ėtnografii Trudy Instituta Antropologii, Archeologii i Etnografii
    Former Title: Trudy Instituta Ėtnografii
    Former Title: Trudy Instituta 'Etnografii Im. N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja
    DDC: 930
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe ; Anthropologie ; Physiologie ; Medizin
    Note: In kyrill. Schr.
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  • 8
    Language: Russian
    Keywords: Atlas ; Baltikum ; Volkskunde ; Kleidung ; Geschichte
    Note: In kyrill. Schr., russ.
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  • 9
    Language: Russian
    Keywords: Atlas ; Baltikum ; Volkskunde ; Kleidung
    Note: In kyrill. Schr., russ.
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  • 10
    Language: English
    Pages: ill , 30 cm
    DDC: 304.6/32/0962
    Keywords: Fertility ; Egypt ; Egypt ; Population ; Birth control ; Egypt
    Note: World Fertility Survey, International Statistical Institute , This project was conducted as part of the World Fertility Survey and with the collaboration of the World Bank"--T.p. verso , Includes bibliographical references
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  • 11
    Language: Russian
    Dates of Publication: 1.1971 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rasy i narody
    Former Title: Vorg. ---〉 Rasizm v stranach "svobodnogo mira" i novyj ėtap bor'by protiv nego
    Keywords: Zeitschrift
    Note: Urh. früher: Institut Ėtnografii im. N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja, Akademija Nauk SSSR , Index 1/10.1971/80 in: 10.1980; 11/20.1981/90 in: 20.1990
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  • 12
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Moskva : Izd. Akademii Nauk SSSR ; 3.1940 nachgewiesen
    Language: Russian
    Dates of Publication: 3.1940 nachgewiesen
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
    Note: Text kyrill.
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  • 13
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Moskva : Izd. Akademii Nauk SSSR ; 3.1940 nachgewiesen
    Language: Russian
    Dates of Publication: 3.1940 nachgewiesen
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
    Note: Text kyrill.
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  • 14
    Language: Undetermined
    Dates of Publication: Nr. 1.1938,2 -
    Additional Information: 1,2=10 von Institut ėtnografii imeni N.N. Miklucho-Maklaja Trudy Ordena Družby Narodov Instituta Ėtnografii Imeni N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja Moskva : Izd. Akademii Nauk SSSR, 1938
    Former Title: Vorg. Institut antropologii, archeologii i ėtnografii Trudy Instituta Antropologii, Archeologii i Etnografii / Archeologičeskaja serija
    DDC: 930
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 15
    Language: Undetermined
    Dates of Publication: Nr. 1.1938,2 -
    Additional Information: 1,2=10 von Institut ėtnografii imeni N.N. Miklucho-Maklaja Trudy Ordena Družby Narodov Instituta Ėtnografii Imeni N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja Moskva : Izd. Akademii Nauk SSSR, 1938
    Former Title: Vorg. Institut antropologii, archeologii i ėtnografii Trudy Instituta Antropologii, Archeologii i Etnografii / Archeologičeskaja serija
    DDC: 930
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 16
    Language: Russian
    Dates of Publication: 1.1971 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rasy i narody
    Former Title: Vorg. Vorg. ---〉 Rasizm v stranach "svobodnogo mira" i novyj ėtap bor'by protiv nego
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Rasse ; Ethnische Diskriminierung ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Urh. früher: Institut Ėtnografii im. N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja, Akademija Nauk SSSR , Index 1/10.1971/80 in: 10.1980; 11/20.1981/90 in: 20.1990
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  • 17
    Language: Russian , French
    Dates of Publication: 10.1938 nachgewiesen; N.S. 1.1947 -
    Additional Information: 10=1,2 von Institut ėtnografii imeni N.N. Miklucho-Maklaja Trudy Instituta Etnografii / Archeologičeskaja serija Moskva : Izd. Akademii Nauk SSSR, 1938
    Additional Information: N.S.34=1; N.S.43=2; N.S.52=3 von Afrikanskij etnografičeskij sbornik Moskva : Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1956
    Additional Information: 90=6; 93=7; 96=8; 100=9; 103=10; 105=11; 109=12; 111=13; 113=14; 116=15 von Africana Moskva : Izd. "Nauka", 1966
    Additional Information: N.S.26=1; 46=2; 79=3; 99=5; 106=6; 108=7; 112=8; 115=9 u.a. von Kavkazskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva : Izd. Vostočnoj Literatury, 1955
    Additional Information: N.S.18=1; N.S.35=2; N.S.64=3; N.S.78=4; N.S.84=5 von Sibirskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva, 1952 0868-586X
    Additional Information: N.S.21=1; N.S.47=2; N.S.97=3 von Sredneaziatskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva, 1954
    Additional Information: N.S.30=1; 85=2; 91=3; 94=4; 95=5; 102=6; 104=7; 107=8; 110=9; 114=10 von Očerki istorii russkoj ėtnografii, fol'kloristiki i antropologii Moskva : Inst., 1956
    Additional Information: N.S.97=3 von Zanjatija i byt naradov Srednej Azii Leningrad, 1971
    Additional Information: 60=1; 73=2 von Vostočno-aziatskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva [u.a.], 1960
    Additional Information: N.S.39=1 von Peredneaziatskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva : Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1958
    Additional Information: N.S.33=1; N.S. 50=2; N.S.71=3; N.S.82=4 von Antropologičeskij sbornik Moskva [u.a.], 1956
    Additional Information: N.S.58=1 von Amerikanskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva [u.a.], 1960
    Additional Information: N.S.63=1; N.S.86=2; N.S.101=3 von Trudy mordovskoj ėtnografičeskoj ėkspedicii Moskva, 1960
    Former Title: Vorg. Institut antropologii, archeologii i ėtnografii Trudy Instituta Antropologii, Archeologii i Etnografii
    Former Title: Trudy Instituta Ėtnografii
    Former Title: Trudy Instituta 'Etnografii Im. N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja
    DDC: 930
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe ; Anthropologie ; Physiologie ; Medizin
    Note: In kyrill. Schr.
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  • 18
    Language: Russian
    Dates of Publication: 1.1971 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rasy i narody
    Former Title: Vorg. Vorg. ---〉 Rasizm v stranach "svobodnogo mira" i novyj ėtap bor'by protiv nego
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Rasse ; Ethnische Diskriminierung ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Urh. früher: Institut Ėtnografii im. N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja, Akademija Nauk SSSR , Index 1/10.1971/80 in: 10.1980; 11/20.1981/90 in: 20.1990
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  • 19
    Language: Russian , French
    Dates of Publication: 10.1938 nachgewiesen; N.S. 1.1947 -
    Additional Information: 10=1,2 von Institut ėtnografii imeni N.N. Miklucho-Maklaja Trudy Instituta Etnografii / Archeologičeskaja serija Moskva : Izd. Akademii Nauk SSSR, 1938
    Additional Information: N.S.34=1; N.S.43=2; N.S.52=3 von Afrikanskij etnografičeskij sbornik Moskva : Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1956
    Additional Information: 90=6; 93=7; 96=8; 100=9; 103=10; 105=11; 109=12; 111=13; 113=14; 116=15 von Africana Moskva : Izd. "Nauka", 1966
    Additional Information: N.S.26=1; 46=2; 79=3; 99=5; 106=6; 108=7; 112=8; 115=9 u.a. von Kavkazskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva : Izd. Vostočnoj Literatury, 1955
    Additional Information: N.S.18=1; N.S.35=2; N.S.64=3; N.S.78=4; N.S.84=5 von Sibirskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva, 1952 0868-586X
    Additional Information: N.S.21=1; N.S.47=2; N.S.97=3 von Sredneaziatskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva, 1954
    Additional Information: N.S.30=1; 85=2; 91=3; 94=4; 95=5; 102=6; 104=7; 107=8; 110=9; 114=10 von Očerki istorii russkoj ėtnografii, fol'kloristiki i antropologii Moskva : Inst., 1956
    Additional Information: N.S.97=3 von Zanjatija i byt naradov Srednej Azii Leningrad, 1971
    Additional Information: 60=1; 73=2 von Vostočno-aziatskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva [u.a.], 1960
    Additional Information: N.S.39=1 von Peredneaziatskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva : Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1958
    Additional Information: N.S.33=1; N.S. 50=2; N.S.71=3; N.S.82=4 von Antropologičeskij sbornik Moskva [u.a.], 1956
    Additional Information: N.S.58=1 von Amerikanskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva [u.a.], 1960
    Additional Information: N.S.63=1; N.S.86=2; N.S.101=3 von Trudy mordovskoj ėtnografičeskoj ėkspedicii Moskva, 1960
    Former Title: Vorg. Institut antropologii, archeologii i ėtnografii Trudy Instituta Antropologii, Archeologii i Etnografii
    Former Title: Trudy Instituta Ėtnografii
    Former Title: Trudy Instituta 'Etnografii Im. N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja
    DDC: 930
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe ; Anthropologie ; Physiologie ; Medizin
    Note: In kyrill. Schr.
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  • 20
    Language: Undetermined
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Atlas ; Russen ; Kultur ; Geschichte ; Russland ; Volkskultur ; Russland ; Tracht ; Geschichte ; Russland ; Geschichte
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  • 21
    Language: Russian
    Keywords: Atlas ; Baltikum ; Volkskunde ; Kleidung ; Geschichte
    Note: In kyrill. Schr., russ.
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  • 22
    Language: Russian
    Keywords: Atlas ; Baltikum ; Volkskunde ; Kleidung ; Geschichte
    Note: In kyrill. Schr., russ.
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  • 23
    Language: Russian
    Dates of Publication: 1.1971 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rasy i narody
    Former Title: Vorg. Rasizm v stranach "svobodnogo mira" i novyj ėtap bor'by protiv nego
    Keywords: Zeitschrift
    Note: Übers.: Rassen und Völker , Urh. früher: Institut Ėtnografii im. N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja, Akademija Nauk SSSR , Index 1/10.1971/80 in: 10.1980; 11/20.1981/90 in: 20.1990
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  • 24
    Language: Russian
    Dates of Publication: 1.1971 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rasy i narody
    Former Title: Vorg. ---〉 Rasizm v stranach "svobodnogo mira" i novyj ėtap bor'by protiv nego
    Keywords: Zeitschrift
    Note: Urh. früher: Institut Ėtnografii im. N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja, Akademija Nauk SSSR , Index 1/10.1971/80 in: 10.1980; 11/20.1981/90 in: 20.1990
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  • 25
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    [Wechselnde Verlagsorte] @ : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar] ; 1.1967(1969) -
    Language: Russian
    Dates of Publication: 1.1967(1969) -
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Konferenzschrift
    Note: Rossijskaja Akademija Nauk ; Institut Ėtnologii i Antropologii Im. N.N. Miklucho-Maklaja ; Volgogradskij Ordena Znak Početa Gosudarstvennyj Pedagogičeskij Institut Im. A. A. Serafimoviča , In kyrill. Schr , Urh. früher: Institut Jazykoznanija, Akademija Nauk SSSR ; Institut Ėtnografii Imeni N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja, Akademija Nauk SSSR ; Uljanovskij Gosudarstvennyj Pedagogi českij Institut Imeni I. N. Uljanova; 6.1989,1: AN SSSR ; Institut Ėtnologii i Antropologii ; Volgogradskij Ordena Znak Početa Gosudarstvennyj Pedagogičeskij Institut Im. A. A. Serafimoviča
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  • 26
    Language: Russian , French
    Dates of Publication: 10.1938 nachgewiesen; N.S. 1.1947 -
    Additional Information: 10=1,2 von Institut ėtnografii imeni N.N. Miklucho-Maklaja Trudy Instituta Etnografii / Archeologičeskaja serija Moskva : Izd. Akademii Nauk SSSR, 1938-
    Additional Information: N.S.34=1; N.S.43=2; N.S.52=3 von Afrikanskij etnografičeskij sbornik Moskva : Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1956-1963
    Additional Information: 90=6; 93=7; 96=8; 100=9; 103=10; 105=11; 109=12; 111=13; 113=14; 116=15 von Africana Moskva : Izd. "Nauka", 1966-1991
    Additional Information: N.S.26=1; 46=2; 79=3; 99=5; 106=6; 108=7; 112=8; 115=9 u.a. von Kavkazskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva : Izd. Vostočnoj Literatury, 1955-
    Additional Information: N.S.18=1; N.S.35=2; N.S.64=3; N.S.78=4; N.S.84=5 von Sibirskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar], 1952- 0868-586X
    Additional Information: N.S.21=1; N.S.47=2; N.S.97=3 von Sredneaziatskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar], 1954-
    Additional Information: N.S.30=1; 85=2; 91=3; 94=4; 95=5; 102=6; 104=7; 107=8; 110=9; 114=10 von Očerki istorii russkoj ėtnografii, fol'kloristiki i antropologii Moskva : Inst., 1956-
    Additional Information: N.S.97=3 von Zanjatija i byt naradov Srednej Azii Leningrad : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar], 1971-1971
    Additional Information: 60=1; 73=2 von Vostočno-aziatskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva [u.a.] : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar], 1960-
    Additional Information: N.S.39=1 von Peredneaziatskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva : Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1958-1958
    Additional Information: N.S.33=1; N.S. 50=2; N.S.71=3; N.S.82=4 von Antropologičeskij sbornik Moskva [u.a.] : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar], 1956-
    Additional Information: N.S.58=1 von Amerikanskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva [u.a.] : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar], 1960-
    Additional Information: N.S.63=1; N.S.86=2; N.S.101=3 von Trudy mordovskoj ėtnografičeskoj ėkspedicii Moskva : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar], 1960-
    Former Title: Vorg.: Institut antropologii, archeologii i ėtnografii Trudy Instituta Antropologii, Archeologii i Etnografii
    Former Title: Trudy Instituta Ėtnografii
    Former Title: Trudy Instituta 'Etnografii Im. N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja
    DDC: 930
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
    Note: In kyrill. Schr.
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  • 27
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Moskva : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar] ; 1.1971 -
    Language: Russian
    Dates of Publication: 1.1971 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rasy i narody
    Former Title: Vorg. ---〉 Rasizm v stranach "svobodnogo mira" i novyj ėtap bor'by protiv nego
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Zeitschrift
    Note: Urh. früher: Institut Ėtnografii im. N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja, Akademija Nauk SSSR , Index 1/10.1971/80 in: 10.1980; 11/20.1981/90 in: 20.1990
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  • 28
    Language: Russian
    Note: 5 ff.: im Verlag Nauka, Moskva erschienen , In kyrill. Schr., russ.
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  • 29
    Book
    Book
    Moskva : Nauka
    Language: Russian
    Note: In kyrill. Schr., russ
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  • 30
    Language: Russian , French
    Dates of Publication: 10.1938 nachgewiesen; N.S. 1.1947 -
    Additional Information: 10=1,2 von Institut ėtnografii imeni N.N. Miklucho-Maklaja Trudy Instituta Etnografii / Archeologičeskaja serija Moskva : Izd. Akademii Nauk SSSR, 1938
    Additional Information: N.S.34=1; N.S.43=2; N.S.52=3 von Afrikanskij etnografičeskij sbornik Moskva : Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1956
    Additional Information: 90=6; 93=7; 96=8; 100=9; 103=10; 105=11; 109=12; 111=13; 113=14; 116=15 von Africana Moskva : Izd. "Nauka", 1966
    Additional Information: N.S.26=1; 46=2; 79=3; 99=5; 106=6; 108=7; 112=8; 115=9 u.a. von Kavkazskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva : Izd. Vostočnoj Literatury, 1955
    Additional Information: N.S.18=1; N.S.35=2; N.S.64=3; N.S.78=4; N.S.84=5 von Sibirskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva, 1952 0868-586X
    Additional Information: N.S.21=1; N.S.47=2; N.S.97=3 von Sredneaziatskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva, 1954
    Additional Information: N.S.30=1; 85=2; 91=3; 94=4; 95=5; 102=6; 104=7; 107=8; 110=9; 114=10 von Očerki istorii russkoj ėtnografii, fol'kloristiki i antropologii Moskva : Inst., 1956
    Additional Information: N.S.97=3 von Zanjatija i byt naradov Srednej Azii Leningrad, 1971
    Additional Information: 60=1; 73=2 von Vostočno-aziatskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva [u.a.], 1960
    Additional Information: N.S.39=1 von Peredneaziatskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva : Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1958
    Additional Information: N.S.33=1; N.S. 50=2; N.S.71=3; N.S.82=4 von Antropologičeskij sbornik Moskva [u.a.], 1956
    Additional Information: N.S.58=1 von Amerikanskij ėtnografičeskij sbornik Moskva [u.a.], 1960
    Additional Information: N.S.63=1; N.S.86=2; N.S.101=3 von Trudy mordovskoj ėtnografičeskoj ėkspedicii Moskva, 1960
    Former Title: Vorg. Institut antropologii, archeologii i ėtnografii Trudy Instituta Antropologii, Archeologii i Etnografii
    Former Title: Trudy Instituta Ėtnografii
    Former Title: Trudy Instituta 'Etnografii Im. N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja
    DDC: 930
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe ; Anthropologie ; Physiologie ; Medizin
    Note: In kyrill. Schr.
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  • 31
    Language: Russian
    Dates of Publication: 1.1971 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rasy i narody
    Former Title: Vorg. Vorg. ---〉 Rasizm v stranach "svobodnogo mira" i novyj ėtap bor'by protiv nego
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Rasse ; Ethnische Diskriminierung ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Urh. früher: Institut Ėtnografii im. N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja, Akademija Nauk SSSR , Index 1/10.1971/80 in: 10.1980; 11/20.1981/90 in: 20.1990
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  • 32
    Language: Russian
    Note: In kyrill. Schr
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  • 33
    Language: Russian
    Dates of Publication: 1.1971 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rasy i narody
    Former Title: Vorg. Vorg. ---〉 Rasizm v stranach "svobodnogo mira" i novyj ėtap bor'by protiv nego
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Rasse ; Ethnische Diskriminierung ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Urh. früher: Institut Ėtnografii im. N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja, Akademija Nauk SSSR , Index 1/10.1971/80 in: 10.1980; 11/20.1981/90 in: 20.1990
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  • 34
    Language: Russian
    Dates of Publication: 1.1971 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rasy i narody
    Former Title: Vorg. ---〉 Rasizm v stranach "svobodnogo mira" i novyj ėtap bor'by protiv nego
    Keywords: Zeitschrift
    Note: Urh. früher: Institut Ėtnografii im. N. N. Miklucho-Maklaja, Akademija Nauk SSSR , Index 1/10.1971/80 in: 10.1980; 11/20.1981/90 in: 20.1990
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Many countries are convinced that Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) should be an important component of their growth strategy. To encourage FDI, they have improved their business climates, developed various guarantees for investors, and offered incentives. In the real world, Investment Promotion Intermediaries (IPIs) face tight budget and human resource constraints. Allocating scarce resources among the various possible activities is a major component of developing an effective promotion strategy. Research, including that covered in this report, suggests that many IPIs are failing to devote enough attention to the most basic-and least costly-promotion function, one that, if it fails, undermines all other promotion activities. Provision of services to potential investors-and particularly the provision of information-is basic to all promotion. Image-building efforts can be hugely expensive. Similarly, targeted missions and personal selling are costly in terms of both time and effort. FDI offers the prospects of growth and jobs to host countries, but attracting it requires a good deal of effort. Effective investment promotion is not only less costly than adding on more incentives for investors; reform and incentives are unlikely to accomplish their goals without promotion. Promotion efforts will, however, fail to attract desired investment if IPIs are not skilled at the most basic function: collecting and providing to potential investors relevant and timely information. Ensuring that this function works well should be the top priority in the promotion strategy and in the development of management systems
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: A solid financial armor could not protect Thailand against the impact of the global financial crisis on its real economy. Despite a sound banking system and low external vulnerabilities, the Thai economy contracted 5.7 percent between October 2008 and March 2009, as the magnitude and speed of the contraction in foreign demand, and resulting shock to the real economy, has been greater than anticipated. There continues to be little impact of the global financial crisis on Thailand's banks: liquidity remained adequate as financial institutions did not face solvency concerns given their adequate capitalization and lack of exposure to 'toxic' assets or risky derivative contracts. The combination of a sound financial sector, low external roll-over and balance-of-payment financing requirements, and, more recently, large current account surpluses, has led to capital inflows, build-up in reserves and an appreciation of the Baht relative to other currencies in the region. However, the impact of the global crisis on the real sector was far more severe than expected. Export volumes contracted by 8.9 percent in the fourth quarter of 2008, compared to the World Bank's forecast in December of a 3.0 percent expansion. Exports contracted a further 16 percent in the first quarter of 2009. The aggravation of Thailand's political crisis, which had been dampening investor and consumer confidence since 2006, compounded the shock to the real economy. As a result, real gross domestic product (GDP) contracted in the fourth quarter of 2008 and first quarter of 2009 after 38 quarters of growth, and is expected to contract for 2009 as a whole, the first annual contraction since the Asian financial crisis of 1997-1998
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Financial Accountability Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This study begins by considering the banking sector and then moves on to issues relating to improving access to finance to support Nigeria's economic growth vision. The second part of the study refers to issues relating to longer-term finance: both the sources of financing, such as pensions and insurance, and their uses in providing financing for resolving Nigeria's crucial infrastructure shortfalls in infrastructure and housing. The final part of the study returns to the fundamental 'plumbing' of the financial system focusing on the legal and regulatory foundation for creditor rights and corporate insolvency, instituting sound corporate governance standards for corporations and banks, and providing secure and low cost transmittal of payments and remittances. While it is difficult to identify a common theme running through this volume without compromising the diversity and nuance of the recommendations, the overarching theme supported by this volume is the importance of exchange of reliable information as the basis for financial transactions between unconnected third parties. Implementation of systems designed to strengthen accounting and reporting standards for banks and corporations, the registration of movable and immovable property, property liens and credit histories as well as exchange of information about prices, interest rates, fees and charges for financials services will considerably enhance the functionality of financial systems and prove crucial in establishing a trusted and robust market-based financial system in support of stable economic growth and development in Nigeria
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Social Analysis
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Urban heating demand in Liaoning has grown rapidly, due to rising incomes, housing sector growth, and privatization of housing. During the past decade, demand increased at an annual growth rate of 14 percent. Heating supply has been unable to keep pace with this surging demand. Small coal-fired boilers continue to provide the bulk of heating services in most cities, and the capacity to expand the district heating system while maintaining satisfactory service has been constrained by low energy efficiency. Additionally, the use of small coal-fired boilers has been considered a major source of air pollution problems during winter months in many cities. The main purpose of the social analysis report is to present the findings of this household survey. The survey focuses on the impact of changes in billing and pricing, heating quality, the extent of social assistance programs for heating, and the extent of public awareness of heating reforms
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This report is a part of larger welfare and social policy work agenda which the Turkish State Planning Organization and the World Bank are carrying out collaboratively. The work agenda includes the preparation of a number of conceptualized, and in part of co-authored, analytical studies on topics ranging from examines the equity determinants to investigating the links between poverty, employment creation, and growth. Further, the work agenda comprises a number of human development dialogues for which we are inviting international experts and practioners to share their experiences about social policy reforms with the Turkish government and the wider academic and non-governmental public. This report examines life chances. Life chances for today Turkish people, most importantly future generation, today's children. The results presented in this report show that life chances differ in important dimensions today, and that Turkey could immensely improve its human and economic development potential by maximizing such opportunities
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  • 40
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The report is organized as follows: the executive summary (I) pulls together all major conclusions and recommendations of the report. The following five sections then focus on key requirements of any successful regulatory reform program: (II) business regulation policy, (III) measurements and Targets, (IV) organization and procedures, (V) incentives for reform, and (VI) communication of results. Sections I-VI focuses on regulatory reform impacting directly on the private sector. The final section (VII) broadens the discussion and highlights potential benefits of further consolidating and integrating other regulatory reform efforts into a broader and coherent policy for regulatory quality and reform. Two annexes provide more details on two aspects of particular importance for the Danish regulatory reform program after 2010: measuring broader impacts of existing regulation, and regulatory advisory bodies
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This assessment of Zambia's investment climate highlights some of the impediments to growth and export diversification in the current business environment in the country. It is based on an analysis of enterprise survey data specifically collected for the purpose, namely, the World Bank's Zambia Enterprise Survey of 2008. The report is in two volumes. Volume I is an overview, while Volume II is the final report, whose introductory chapter sets the stage for the analysis of microeconomic aspects of business environment in the following chapters. Chapter 2 analyzes manufacturing productivity in an international perspective as a proximate determinant of manufactured exports. Chapter 3 discusses key business environment variables as underlying factors in manufacturing employment and productivity, and draws the main policy implications of the assessment. Chapter 4 is a more in-depth analysis of disparity in access to finance across firms and sectors as a major source of market distortions and allocative inefficiency. Chapter 5 discusses labor market issues with a focus on labor regulation, wage formation and on-the-job training
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  • 42
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Financial Sector Assessment Program
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The Serbian insurance sector remains small and underdeveloped. Over the last three years, the market experienced very little growth in real terms mainly due to weak economic growth, premium payment difficulties in the industrial sector, which forced many corporate policyholders to cancel their insurance, and fierce price competition among the growing number of players. With consumption of 76 Pounds and 10 Pounds per capita for non-life and life insurance, respectively, Serbia lags behind most of its neighbors in Southeastern and Central Europe. In 2009 the industry accounted for only 4.6 percent of total assets and 5.6 percent of total capital in the Serbian financial sector. Although in 2008 the total gross premium written (GPW) for both life and non-life was SRD 52.2 billion (dinars), representing a 5.3 percent annual inflation-adjusted increase over the previous year, in 2009 the sector is likely to experience an 8 percent contraction due to the impact of the economic crisis
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Environmental Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The economic value of the Upper Tuul ecosystem in Mongolia reports on a study carried out under the auspices of the World Bank and the Government of Mongolia. The goal of the study was to improve understanding about the economic value of the Upper Tuul ecosystem for Ulaanbaatar's water supplies and how this might be affected by different land and resource management options in the future. The study also aims to develop and apply ecosystem valuation methods that can be used more widely in the country, to generate information about the contribution of the environment to the Mongolian economy, and to make the case for improved budget allocations for the conservation of the Upper Tuul. Integrating eco-hydrological and economic valuation techniques, the study traces through the biophysical effects and socioeconomic impacts of future land and resource degradation, and ecosystem conservation, in the upper watershed
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Infrastructure Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This report is concerned with the development of the infrastructure which is required in order to support proposed mines in Southern Mongolia. In order for the mines to be developed, it will be necessary to provide towns for the new inhabitants, road and rail links to provide supplies and to transport the mines' products to markets, and electricity for the mines' operations. Water resources need to be investigated and supplied to the mines and towns. And as all of the development advances, consideration needs to be given to mitigating any negative environmental and social impacts. The geographic focus of the report varies according to the particular topic. The mines are all located in a region which this report defines as 'Southern Mongolia', and which includes the images of Omnogovi, Dornogovi, Govisumber and Dundgovi. The majority of the important new mines are located in Omnogovi, and the analysis of housing and social impacts is concentrated in areas close to these mines. In terms of time, the report concentrates on the most important priorities for government action up to 2015. Nevertheless, consideration is given to a longer time-horizon when considering the potential environmental and water resource demands likely to arise as a result of the region's development. The report is not concerned with the longer-term actions required for broader economic development of the region, including the development of value-added industries associated with the mining industry. To get to long-term objectives, it is necessary to start with the short term. This report assumes that the Government will permit development of the mines in the near future
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: In its report to the September 22, 2008 meeting of the Ad Hoc Liaison Committee (AHLC), the World Bank noted that the Palestinian Authority (PA), Israel, and the international donor community made some progress on the three parallel conditions for Palestinian economic revival, albeit to different degrees. The report notes the dramatic impact of Israel s recent three-week offensive in Gaza and analyzes the variety of recovery and reconstruction schemes being explored by the donor community. We find that these have not yet led to any significant impact on the ground due to the continued closure imposed on Gaza. The devastation in Gaza, coupled with a fluid political environment in both the PA and Israel, has made it necessary for this report to revisit the fundamentals of donor support to the PA in view of the long-term goal of establishing an economically viable Palestinian state independent of external aid. Examination through this lens reveals a fundamentally flawed picture
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: On August 25, 2009, the 13th Government of the Palestinian Authority (PA) presented a program entitled "Palestine: ending the occupation, establishing the state" (hereafter referred to as the program) outlining several national goals, including the achievement of 'economic independence and national prosperity'. The program accords high priority to the development of the public institutions of the PA in order to achieve the stated national goals. It acknowledges that maintaining an efficient and effective public sector that provides citizens with high quality services and value for money is a constant challenge. No amount of well-functioning institutions, will, however, lead to economic growth in the absence of access to markets, whether within the West Bank and Gaza, in Israel, or in the rest of the world. In this regard, the recent developments in easing of movement and access restrictions by the Government of Israel (GoI) represent a welcome first step. The GoI has taken steps to ease movement restrictions in the West Bank and to allow greater access to West Bank markets for Arab citizens of Israel. In the first half of 2009, the political stalemate in Gaza continued and the economy stagnated. The West Bank economy is showing signs of new growth, so that it is possible that for the first time in years, West Bank and Gaza (WB&G) may have positive per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth in 2009
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The Indonesian economic quarterly reports on and synthesizes the past three month s key developments in Indonesia s economy. It places them in a longer-term and global context, and assesses their implications for the outlook for Indonesia s economic and social welfare. Its coverage ranges from the macro economy to financial markets to indicators of human welfare and development. Indonesia s economy appears to be broadly backed on track. Economic activity has been picking up, inflation has remained moderate, financial markets have risen, and the newly reelected government, having established the strong fundamentals that supported Indonesia through the global crisis, appears to be now gearing up for new investments in Indonesia s physical infrastructure, human services and institutions of state. Indonesia seems well-positioned to get back on its pre-crisis growth trajectory, with the possibility of further acceleration and more inclusive growth. The sustainability of the global recovery is still not entirely clear and portfolio flows into emerging markets, which have surged in the last nine months, may as easily be reversed as policy makers elsewhere move to unwind the large monetary and fiscal stimulus efforts initiated over the last year
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This report on Sudan's Investment Climate Assessment (ICA) provides a baseline assessment of challenges to productivity, diversification and inclusion. Chapter 1 describes some of the questions underlying the three issues of competitiveness, diversification and broad-based growth. Chapter 2 analyzes firm performance and competitiveness. Chapter 3 discusses markets and trust. Chapter 4 describes the role of the financial sector. Chapter 5 analyses the informal sector. Chapter 6 discusses the conflict-affected private sector development. Chapter 7 discusses regional inclusion, and Chapter 8 makes some preliminary conclusions and recommendations
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The purpose of this handbook is to provide policy makers with a framework to assess a tax system in its entirety, measure its various parameters and how it is administered, and defines best practices for tax policy and administration that will yield a tax system that is simple and predictable and does not create an undue burden on private enterprise. This handbook is primarily designed for policy makers and tax practitioners. The goal is to analyze the impact of income tax, the value added tax (VAT), and other local taxes that are imposed on business. This handbook does not analyze the effects of trade and labor taxes such as social security. The administration of the customs duty is unique and has been addressed extensively in the literature on customs modernization. Labor taxes primarily imposed on salaried individuals are not covered by this handbook, even though their incidence affects business. VAT has been included even though it is a tax on consumption because the administrative burden to comply with it is primarily on business
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  • 50
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Social Protection Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: High labor tax wedges and slow formal employment growth have combined to make labor tax reform an important economic policy issue in Turkey. This synthesis report presents the results of a series of empirical studies of the impact of a labor tax reform. The analysis was undertaken before the social contribution reforms that were introduced as part of the 2008 employment package. Using data from firms, households, and social insurance files, the research finds that employment does respond to changes in labor costs at levels that are comparable to those found in other middle-income and Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. The results show that reducing labor costs could significantly boost registered employment. However, the actual effect of lower taxes on employment would be diluted because a significant portion of the reduced tax will be captured by workers through higher wages rather than by employers through lower labor costs. As a result, tax cuts targeted towards low-wage labor would be more cost-effective than across-the-board reductions. To achieve overall fiscal neutrality, compensating additional revenues from other sources or reduced expenditures will be needed to accompany lower contribution rates
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  • 51
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Social Analysis
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This social assessment (SA) was conducted under the Fergana Valley Water Resources Management Project (FVWRMP), which is providing assistance to the Government of Tajikistan to address irrigation and drainage deficiencies in Eastern Sughd. The main SA objectives were to understand how prevailing structures of water provision, land reforms, and gender relations impact rural livelihoods; to analyze experiences in establishing inclusive Water Users Associations (WUAs); and to provide recommendations to FVWRMP with the aim of enhancing its programs. The SA targeted nine jamoats divided equally among Bobojon Ghafurov, Konibodom, and Yovon districts. The two northern districts were covered by FVWRMP and the Farm Privatization Support Program (FPSP) operated in the southern district (Yovon). Yovon's jamoats were selected specifically to analyze their WUAs formed in conjunction with farm privatization carried out under FPSP. Due to the limited number of community-based water management initiatives in the above-mentioned target areas, other WUAs were included in this study. A survey questionnaire was administered to 1275 households. Fifteen focus groups (mostly-female) and 38 in-depth interviews were also conducted. The SA results raise stakeholder awareness of the main water-related issues faced in the target areas as well as the major factors influencing WUA operations. While some of the study's recommendations are beyond the scope of FVWRMP and must be dealt with through other initiatives, as a response to the SA findings, the project is now aiming to continue its work on the rehabilitation of irrigation networks, drainage systems, and reservoir dykes and to emphasize institutional development through establishing water users associations and issuing land use certificates
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  • 52
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Financial Sector Assessment Program
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Nonperforming Loans (NPLs) in the banking system constituted 16.5 percent of total loans, owing primarily to the corporate sector. The Credit Bureau, maintained by the Association of Serbian Banks, also discloses dramatic increases in corporate and retail defaults over the past year. NPL resolution and loan loss mitigation is hampered by a still evolving but uneven collateral and enforcement framework that complicates restructuring and leads to delays and lower recoveries in execution procedures. Corporate debt resolution is further complicated by a pattern of corporate misconduct designed to circumvent a creditor's legitimate enforcement rights. This is particularly acute in response to account blockages. In an effort to survive, business owners frequently engage in a pattern of corporate fraud to avoid their legitimate obligations by creating alter ego or shell companies through which to conduct their ongoing business activities, with all funds passing through the new legal entity. That entity is free from debt and can open bank accounts, engage in contracts, and carry on business as usual using the corporate assets of the prior legal entity under cleverly disguised lease or contractual use obligations. In most modern economies, such practices constitute fraud or fraudulent transfers that can carry stiff penalties, including loss of business privileges. Other reported abuses include applying for voluntary dissolution during which the owner or a friendly receiver continues to operate the business for years in an apparent wind-down of the business, while ignoring creditor claims
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Public Sector Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The devolution of procurement responsibilities to local levels of government is increasingly occurring across South Asia. This trend is significant because increasingly localized decision-making better enables communities to hold government authorities accountable for the effectiveness of public spending, which can lead to various improved development outcomes, such as improvements in quality of service delivery; greater empowerment and understanding by end-users services supplied through public procurement processes; and improved oversight and accountability of service delivery agencies. The objective of this report is to set out an overview of the strategic approach developed by World Bank Institute (WBI) as a component of the Norwegian governance trust fund (NTF) program `procurement and service delivery: establishing effective collaboration between government and beneficiaries on monitoring procurement outcomes`. WBI received funds under the NTF to facilitate the development of context and audience-specific knowledge products by recognized practitioners and civil society organizations in South Asia as part of a broader effort to create a practical curriculum on social accountability in procurement
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Corporate Governance Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Good corporate governance ensures that companies use their resources more efficiently, protects minority shareholders, leads to better decision making, and improves relations with workers, creditors, and other stakeholders. It is an important prerequisite for attracting the patient capital needed for sustained long-term economic growth. This report provides an assessment of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) corporate governance policy framework. It highlights recent improvements in corporate governance regulation, makes policy recommendations, and provides investors with a benchmark against which to measure corporate governance in KSA. The corporate governance laws, regulations, and institutions that have been put in place generally reflect international good practice. In the wake of the market correction of 2006, market regulators focused on the need for better corporate governance via legal and institutional reforms. These included passing a Corporate Governance Regulation (CGR) for listed companies (2006), and further strengthening the supervisory functions across the financial sector. However, many of the laws and institutions are still relatively new and untested; awareness of the importance of good corporate governance is low, and implementation by companies in its early stages
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  • 55
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: One of the problems in discussing one-stop shops is that everyone seems to have a different idea of what one is. There have been one-stop shops since at least the 1920s, mostly in the retail trade, epitomized by the development of supermarkets and, in recent years, internet sales outlets. This book is about one particular type of service, namely, business registration, and the various one-stop shops that exist now and might exist in the future. If there is confusion about what constitutes a one-stop shop, there are also a variety of views about business registration. In some countries all businesses have to be registered, in others, only those companies with a legal existence separate from their owners. In some countries, registration is the responsibility of the courts; in others, it is an administrative function handled by a government ministry, semi-autonomous agency, or chamber of commerce. Registration may be a function of a central institution or may be affected at a local level. In all these areas, there is change when it comes to implementing a one-stop shop. It is hardly surprising therefore that there are many different views about what constitutes, or should constitute, a one-stop shop
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Energy Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This guide has been written to assist anyone interested in running small stationary diesel powered engines on coconut oil. It is intended to be a 'how-to' guide to provide with relevant information of every aspect of fuelling an engine with coconut oil. The guide is specifically written with small (less than about 50 kVA) diesel generators in mind. While the information and principles can be applied to all diesel engines, there are additional complicating factors to consider when applying to a vehicle, for example. It must be noted also, that this manual is intended for stationary applications that typically involve few stop-starts, longer running times and consistent loads. Diesel engines that stop-start regularly and unpredictably (eg. car engine or back up generator) are outside the scope of this guide. The technical considerations for running a diesel engine on coconut oil, or any vegetable oil for that matter, are not particularly complex. The concept of powering a diesel engine with vegetable oil is, after all, as old as the diesel engine itself. To do it successfully, however, and particularly with today's modern diesel engines, several key elements of the fuel delivery and combustion system must be suitable or made suitable. If these elements are not the engine will be damaged and it will ultimately lead to premature engine failure
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank
    ISBN: 0821379240 (Sekundärausgabe) , 9780821379240 (Sekundärausgabe)
    Language: English
    Pages: Ill., col. map , 26 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource World Bank E-Library ISBN 0821379240
    Edition: ISBN 9780821379240
    Edition: [Online-Ausg.]
    Series Statement: A World Bank country study
    DDC: 305.2350982
    Note: Online-Ausg.:
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821382073 (Sekundärausgabe)
    Language: English
    Pages: 25 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource World Bank E-Library ISBN 9780821382073 (pbk.)
    Edition: [Online-Ausg.]
    DDC: 305.5/630982
    Note: Online-Ausg.:
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  • 59
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821377956
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (207 p)
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Africa Development Indicators
    Abstract: Africa Development Indicators 2008/09 (ADI) provides the most detailed collection of data on Africa available in one volume. It puts together data from different sources, making it an essential tool for policy makers, researchers, and other people interested in Africa. This year’s ADI addresses the issue of youth employment. The report shows that success in addressing youth employment in will not be achieved and sustained through fragmented and isolated interventions. Instead it finds that an arching guideline for addressing the youth employment challenge is the need for an integrated strategy for rural development, growth and job creation - which covers the demand and the supply sides of the labor market and takes into account the youth mobility from rural to urban areas - combined with targeted interventions to help young people overcome disadvantages in entering and remaining in the labor market. This edition includes the Africa Development Indicators 2008/09 Single User CD-ROM and opening articles from leading economists reporting and analyzing key African economic and development issues
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  • 60
    ISBN: 0821379968 , 0821379976 , 9780821379967 , 9780821379974
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (vi, 42 p) , ill , 26 cm
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: World Bank working paper no. 167
    DDC: 330
    Keywords: Economic development ; Informal sector (Economics) ; Economic development ; Informal sector (Economics)
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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  • 61
    ISBN: 0821376519 , 9780821376515
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xix, 474 p) , ill., maps , 24 cm
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 362.196/9792
    Keywords: AIDS (Disease) ; AIDS (Disease) ; HIV Infections epidemiology ; HIV Infections prevention & control ; AIDS (Disease) ; HIV Infections ; HIV Infections
    Description / Table of Contents: HIV epidemiology : recent trends and lessons / David Wilson and Shilpa ChallaThe evolution of HIV/AIDS programs : recent and ongoing developments in selected areas / Albertus Voetberg -- Links between HIV/AIDS and development / Jorge Sava Abache -- Demographic and socioeconomic patterns of HIV/AIDS prevalence in Africa / Kathleen Beegle and Damien de Walque
    Description / Table of Contents: HIV/AIDS and social capital in a cross-section of countries / Antonio C. DavidFiscal space and sustainability of HIV/AIDS programs in Sub-Saharan Africa / Antonio C. David -- The financial architecture of the response to the HIV epidemic : challenges and sustainability issues / René Bonnel -- Impact of and response to HIV/AIDS : public policy challenges / Markus Haacker -- Gender and HIV/AIDS / Waafas Ofusu-Amaah, Nilufar Egamberdi, and Arunima Dhar
    Description / Table of Contents: The private sector and HIV/AIDS in Africa : recent developments and implications for policy / Frank G. Feeley III, Sydney Rosen, and Patrick J. ConnellyCommunity initiatives and HIV/AIDS / Elizabeth Ninan and Jean J. Delion -- HIV/AIDS and human resources for health / Christopher H. Herbt, Agnes Soucat, and Kate Tulenko -- Linkages between HIV/AIDS, sexual and reproductive health, tuberculosis, and nutrition / Elizabeth L. Lule ... [et al.] -- Strengthening health systems : the role of supply chains in addressing the HIV epidemic / Sangeeta Raja and James Bates -- The potential impact of HIV/AIDS interventions on the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Africa : a simulation exercise for the World Bank / Lori Bollinger and John Stover.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 082138077X , 9780821380772
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xxx, 100 p) , ill., map , 23 cm
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Directions in development. Human development
    DDC: 363.8/56
    Keywords: Malnutrition ; Nutrition policy ; Malnutrition ; Nutrition policy ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Health Resources economics ; Malnutrition economics ; Malnutrition prevention & control ; Nutrition Policy economics ; Malnutrition ; Nutrition policy ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Health Resources ; Malnutrition ; Malnutrition ; Nutrition Policy
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction : why scale up?Methodology : estimating the costs -- What will it cost and what are the potential benefits? -- Phasing the scale-up.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 87-92) and index
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 0821378406 , 0821378422 , 9780821378403 , 9780821378427
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (v. 〈1〉) , ill., tables , 28 cm
    Edition: World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 336.3/435/091724
    Keywords: Debts, External Statistics ; Finance ; International finance ; Investments, Foreign ; Debts, External Statistics ; Finance ; International finance ; Investments, Foreign ; Debts, External ; Finance ; International finance ; Developing countries ; Developing countries ; Statistics ; Investments, Foreign
    Description / Table of Contents: v. 1: Review, analysis, and outlookv. 2: Summary and country tables.
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  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 0821380214 , 0821380222 , 9780821380215 , 9780821380222
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xvii, 142 p) , ill., maps , 26 cm
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available online
    Series Statement: A World Bank country study
    DDC: 382/.60984
    Keywords: Exports ; Exports ; Exports ; Bolivia ; Bolivia ; Bolivia ; Bolivia Commerce ; Bolivia Commercial policy ; Bolivia Economic policy ; Bolivia Commerce ; Bolivia Commercial policy ; Bolivia Economic policy
    Abstract: The publication investigates how Bolivia can achieve success in non-traditional exports by increasing the competitiveness of exporting firms.--Publisher's description
    Description / Table of Contents: The role of trade in Bolivia's development strategyBolivia's integration into the world economy -- Linkages between trade and the economy -- Export competitiveness and transport logistics -- A firm-level analysis of the factors affecting export performance.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Also available online.
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821381366
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (147 p)
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: The Annual Review of Development Effectiveness 2009 presents evidence on the World Bank’s efforts in two areas. Part I tracks the outcomes of Bank projects and country programs and the evolution of monitoring and evaluation (M&E). Part II examines the Bank’s support for environmentally sustainable development compatible with economic growth and poverty reduction. The Bank’s project performance rebounded in 2008, allaying concerns about the weakened performance in 2007. As previous ARDEs have shown, project performance has been improving gradually for 15 years according to the traditional measure -- percent of projects with satisfactory (versus unsatisfactory) outcomes. But IEG ratings of M&E quality for completed projects indicate considerable room for progress. Information to assess impacts continues to be lacking although preliminary data suggests improvements in baseline data collection. Bank support for the environment has recovered since 2002 due to new sources of concessional finance. The outcomes of environment projects have improved in recent years. A growing number of regional projects are addressing the shared use of water resources. New global partnerships are deepening the Bank’s involvement in climate change issues. But M&E remains weak: three-quarters of environment-related projects - those managed by sectors other than environment - lack reporting of environmental outcomes
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  • 66
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4831
    Parallel Title: Hou, Xiaohui Wealth
    Keywords: Child labor ; Education ; Wealth ; Child labor ; Education ; Wealth
    Abstract: "The relationship between wealth and child labor has been widely examined. This paper uses three rounds of time-series, cross-sectional data to examine the relationship between wealth and child labor and schooling. The paper finds that wealth is crucial in determining a child's activities, but that this factor is far from being a sufficient condition to enroll a child in school. This is particularly the case for rural girls. Nonparametric analysis shows a universal increase in school enrollment for rural girls from 1998 to 2006. This increase is independent of wealth (measured by per capita expenditure). Multinomial logit regression further shows that wealth is insignificant in determining rural girls' activity decisions. Thus, interventions to increase school enrollment should incorporate broad-targeted, demand-side interventions as well as supply-side interventions. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 67
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4810
    Parallel Title: Münich, Daniel Unemployment and worker-firm matching
    Keywords: Unemployment ; Unemployment ; Unemployment ; Unemployment
    Abstract: "The paper tests three hypotheses about the causes of unemployment in the Central-East European transition economies and in a benchmark market economy (Western part of Germany). The first hypothesis (H1) is that unemployment is caused by inefficient matching. Hypothesis 2 (H2) is that unemployment is caused by low demand. Hypothesis 3 (H3) is that restructuring is at work. Our estimates suggest that the west and east German parts of Germany, Czech Republic and Slovakia are consistent with H2 and H3. Hungary provides limited support to all three hypotheses. Poland is consistent with H1. The economies in question hence contain one broad group of countries and one or two special cases. The group comprises the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovak Republic and (possibly) East Germany. These countries resemble West Germany in that they display increasing returns to scale in matching and unemployment appears to be driven by restructuring and low demand. The East German case is complex because of its major active labor market policies and a negative trend in efficiency in matching. In some sense, East Germany resembles more Poland, which in addition to restructuring and low demand for labor appears to suffer from a structural mismatch reflected in relatively low returns to scale in matching. Finally, our data provide evidence that goes counter to one of the main predictions of the theories of transition, namely that the turnover (inflow) rate in the transition countries would rise dramatically at the start of the transition, be temporarily very high and gradually decline and approach the level observed in otherwise similar market economies such as West Germany. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4814
    Parallel Title: Chen, Dandan Vocational schooling, labor market outcomes, and college entry
    Keywords: Education, Secondary ; Vocational education ; Education, Secondary ; Vocational education
    Abstract: "This paper examines the differentiated outcomes of vocational and general secondary academic education, particularly in terms of employment opportunities, labor market earnings, and access to tertiary education in Indonesia. With data from a panel of two waves of the Indonesia Family Life Survey in 1997 and 2000, the paper tracks a cohort of high school students in 1997 to examine their schooling and employment status in 2000. The findings demonstrate that: (1) attendance at vocational secondary schools results in neither market advantage nor disadvantage in terms of employment opportunities and/or earnings premium; (2) attendance at vocational schools leads to significantly lower academic achievement as measured by national test scores; and (3) There is no stigma attached to attendance at vocational schools that results in a disadvantage in access to tertiary education; rather, it is the lower academic achievement associated with attendance at vocational school that lowers the likelihood of entering college. The empirical approach of this paper addresses two limitations of the existing literature in this area. First, it takes into account the observation censoring issue due to college entry when evaluating labor market outcomes of secondary school graduates. Second, using an instrumental variable approach, the paper also treats endogeneity of household choice of vocational versus academic track of secondary education, teasing out the net effect of secondary school choice on labor market and schooling outcomes. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 69
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4818
    Parallel Title: Vollmer, Sebastian Political institutions and human development
    Keywords: Democracy Economic aspects ; Economic development ; Democracy Economic aspects ; Economic development
    Abstract: "Institutions are a major field of interest in the study of development processes. The authors contribute to this discussion concentrating our research on political institutions and their effect on the non-income dimensions of human development. First, they elaborate a theoretical argument why and under what conditions democracies compared to autocratic political systems might perform better with regards to the provision of public goods. Due to higher redistributive concerns matched to the needs of the population democracies should show a higher level of human development. In the following they analyze whether our theoretical expectations are supported by empirical facts. The authors perform a static panel analysis over the period of 1970 to 2003. The model confirms that living in a democratic system positively affects human development measured by life expectancy and literacy rates even controlling for GDP. By analyzing interaction effects they find that the performance of democracy is rather independent of the circumstances. However, democracy leads to more redistribution in favor of health provision in more unequal societies. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 70
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4849
    Parallel Title: Bussolo, Maurizio Global income distribution and poverty in the absence of agricultural distortions
    Abstract: "This paper assesses the potential impacts of the removal of agriculture trade distortions using a newly developed dataset and methodological approach for evaluating the global poverty and inequality effects of policy reforms. It finds that liberalization of agriculture and food could increase global extreme poverty (US
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 71
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4853
    Parallel Title: Estache, Antonio Auctions with endogenous participation and quality thresholds
    Abstract: "Infrastructure projects are often technically complicated and highly customized. Therefore, procurement competition tends to be limited. Competition is the single most important factor toward auction efficiency and anti-corruption. However, the degree of competition realized is closely related to bidders' entry decision and the auctioneer's decision on how to assess technical attributes in the bid evaluation process. This paper estimates the interactive effects among quality, entry, and competition. With data on procurement auctions for electricity projects in developing countries, it is found that large electricity works are by nature costly and can attract only a few participants. The limited competition would raise government procurement costs. In addition, high technical requirements are likely to be imposed for these large-scale projects, which will in turn add extra costs for the better quality of works and further limit bidder participation. The evidence suggests that quality is of particular importance in large infrastructure projects and auctioneers cannot easily substitute price for quality. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4857
    Parallel Title: Robinson, Jonathan Transactional sex as a response to risk in Western Kenya
    Keywords: AIDS (Disease) ; Prostitutes Health and hygiene ; Prostitution Health aspects ; AIDS (Disease) ; Prostitutes Health and hygiene ; Prostitution Health aspects
    Abstract: "Formal and informal commercial sex work is a way of life for many poor women in developing countries. Though sex workers have long been identified as crucial in affecting the spread of HIV/AIDS, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, the nature of sex-for-money transactions remains poorly understood. Using a unique panel dataset constructed from 192 self-reported sex worker diaries which include detailed information on sexual behavior, labor supply, and health shocks, the authors find that sex workers adjust their supply of risky, better compensated sex to cope with unexpected health shocks, exposing themselves to increased risk of HIV infection. In particular, women are 3.1 percent more likely to see a client, 21.2 percent more likely to have anal sex, and 19.1 percent more likely to have unprotected sex on days in which a household member falls ill. Women also increase their supply of risky sex on days after missing work due to symptoms from a sexually transmitted infection. Given that HIV prevalence has been estimated at 9.8 percent in this part of Kenya, these behavioral responses entail significant health risks for sex workers and their partners, and suggest that sex workers are unable to cope with risk through other formal or informal consumption smoothing mechanisms. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 73
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4824
    Parallel Title: Delavande, Adeline Measuring subjective expectations in developing countries
    Keywords: Social surveys ; Social surveys
    Abstract: "The majority of economic decisions taken by individuals are forward looking and thus involve their expectations of future outcomes. Understanding the expectations that individuals have is thus of crucial importance to designing and evaluating policies in health, education, finance, migration, social protection, and many other areas. However, the majority of developing country surveys are static in nature and do not contain information on the subjective expectations of individuals. Possible reasons given for not collecting this information include fears that poor, illiterate individuals do not understand probability concepts, that it takes far too much time to ask such questions, or that the answers add little value. This paper provides a critical review and new analysis of subjective expectations data from developing countries and refutes each of these concerns. The authors find that people in developing countries can generally understand and answer probabilistic questions, such questions are not prohibitive in time to ask, and the expectations are useful predictors of future behavior and economic decisions. The paper discusses the different methods being tried for eliciting such information, the key methodological issues involved, and the open research questions. The available evidence suggests that collecting expectations data is both feasible and valuable, suggesting that it should be incorporated into more developing country surveys. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4838
    Parallel Title: Kendall, Jake Local financial development and growth
    Keywords: Banks and banking ; Human capital ; Banks and banking ; Human capital ; India Economic conditions 1991- ; Regional disparities ; India Economic conditions 1991- ; Regional disparities
    Abstract: "Using a unique sample of net domestic product data for districts in India, I investigate the connection between banking sector development, human capital, and economic growth at the sub-national level. Using disaggregate data avoids many of the omitted variable problems that plague cross-country studies of the finance-growth connection and facilitates an instrumentation strategy. The findings show that the growth of many districts in India is financially constrained due to lack of banking sector development, and that the relationship between finance and growth may be non-linear. For the districts in the sample, moving from the 75th percentile of credit/net domestic product to the 25th percentile implies an average loss of 4 percent in growth over the 1990s. This indicates that the gains from increased banking sector outreach may be large. The analysis shows that human capital deepening can reduce the effect of the financial constraint and help decouple growth from financial development. In a district at the 25th literacy percentile, the implied growth loss due to a constrained banking sector is twice as large as in a district at the 75th literacy percentile. Thus, higher levels of human capital may activate alternative growth and production channels that are less finance intensive. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 75
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4842
    Parallel Title: Torre, Augusto de la Regulatory reform
    Keywords: Subprime mortgage loans ; Subprime mortgage loans
    Abstract: "The Subprime crisis largely resulted from failures to internalize systemic risk evenly across financial intermediaries and recognize the implications of Knightian uncertainty and mood swings. A successful reform of prudential regulation will need to integrate more harmoniously the three paradigms of moral hazard, externalities, and uncertainty. This is a tall order because each paradigm leads to different and often inconsistent regulatory implications. Moreover, efforts to address the central problem under one paradigm can make the problems under the others worse. To avoid regulatory arbitrage and ensure that externalities are uniformly internalized, all prudentially regulated intermediaries should be subjected to the same capital adequacy requirements, and unregulated intermediaries should be financed only by regulated intermediaries. Reflecting the importance of uncertainty, the new regulatory architecture will also need to rely less on markets and more on "holistic" supervision, and incorporate countercyclical norms that can be adjusted in light of changing circumstances. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/17/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 76
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4846
    Parallel Title: Das Gupta, Monica Is there an incipient turnaround in Asia's "missing girls" phenomenon ?
    Keywords: Sex of children, Parental preferences for ; Sex ratio ; Sex of children, Parental preferences for ; Sex ratio
    Abstract: "The apparently inexorable rise in the proportion of "missing girls" in much of East and South Asia has attracted much attention amongst researchers and policy-makers. An encouraging trend was suggested by the case of South Korea, where child sex ratios were the highest in Asia but peaked in the mid-1990s and normalized thereafter. Using census data, we examine whether similar trends have begun to manifest themselves in the two large populous countries of this region, China and India. The data indicate that child sex ratios are peaking in these countries, and in many sub-national regions are beginning to trend towards less masculinization. This suggests that, with continuing vigorous efforts to reduce son preference, the "missing girls" phenomenon could be addressed in Asia. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 77
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4850
    Parallel Title: Walque, Damien de The demographic and socio-economic distribution of excess mortality during the 1994 genocide in Rwanda
    Keywords: Genocide ; Mortality ; Genocide ; Mortality
    Abstract: "There is an extensive literature on violent conflicts such as the 1994 Rwandan genocide, but few papers examine the profiles of victims and perpetrators, or more broadly the micro-level dynamics of widespread violence. This paper studies the demographic consequences of the Rwandan genocide and how the excess mortality due to the conflict was distributed in the population. Data collected by the 2000 Demographic and Health Survey indicate that although there were more deaths across the entire population, adult males were the most likely to die. Using the characteristics of the survey respondent as a proxy for the socio-economic status of the family dead, the results also show that individuals with an urban or more educated background were more likely to die. Over and above the human tragedies, a long-term cost of the genocide is the country's loss of productive skills. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 78
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4879
    Parallel Title: Allcott, Hunt The performance of decentralized school systems
    Keywords: Schools Decentralization ; Schools Decentralization
    Abstract: "This program evaluation estimates the effects on standardized test scores of graduating from the Fe y Alegria private school system in Venezuela. The authors find an Average Treatment Effect on the order of 0.1 standard deviations (approximately 16 percent of the average score), using a control group of public school students. These effects are significantly larger for households at the bottom of the distribution, and smaller for those at the top. The authors posit that the better performance of the Fe y Alegria system stems from their labor contract flexibility and decentralized administrative structure. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 79
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4882
    Parallel Title: Amin, Mohammad Natural resources and reforms
    Keywords: Natural resources ; Natural resources
    Abstract: "The authors use a sample of 133 countries to investigate the link between the abundance of natural resources and micro-economic reforms. Previous studies suggest that natural resource abundance gives rise to governments that are less accountable to the public and states that are oligarchic, and that it leads to the erosion of social capital. These factors are likely to hamper economic reforms. The authors test this hypothesis using data on micro-economic reforms from the World Bank's Doing Business database. The results provide a robust support for the "resource curse" view: a move from the 75th percentile to the 25th percentile on resource abundance equals 10.9 percentage points more reform. This is a large effect given that the mean probability of reform in the sample is 57.1 percent. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 80
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4886
    Parallel Title: Deininger, Klaus W Longer-term economic impacts of self-help groups in India
    Keywords: Self-help groups ; Self-help groups
    Abstract: "Despite the popularity and unique nature of women's self-help groups in India, evidence of their economic impacts is scant. Based on two rounds of a 2,400 household panel, the authors use double differences, propensity score matching, and pipeline comparison to assess economic impacts of longer (2.5-3 years) exposure of a program that promoted and strengthened self-help programs in Andhra Pradesh in India. The analysis finds that longer program exposure has positive impacts on consumption, nutritional intake, and asset accumulation. Investigating heterogeneity of the impacts suggests that even the poorest households were able to benefit from the program. Furthermore, overall benefits would exceed program cost by a significant margin even under conservative assumptions. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4862
    Parallel Title: Crespo-Cuaresma, Jesús Natural disasters and human capital accumulation
    Keywords: Education, Secondary ; Natural disasters ; Education, Secondary ; Natural disasters
    Abstract: "The author assesses empirically the relationship between natural disaster risk and investment in education. Although the results in the empirical literature tend to be inconclusive, using model averaging methods in the framework of cross-country and panel regressions, this paper finds an extremely robust negative partial correlation between secondary school enrollment and natural disaster risk. This result is exclusively driven by geological disasters. Natural disaster risk exposure is a robust determinant of differences in secondary school enrollment between countries, but not within countries, which implies that the effect can be interpreted as a long-run phenomenon. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 82
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4866
    Parallel Title: Bhattacharyya, Subhes C Energy demand models for policy formulation
    Keywords: Energy policy ; Energy policy
    Abstract: "This paper critically reviews existing energy demand forecasting methodologies highlighting the methodological diversities and developments over the past four decades in order to investigate whether the existing energy demand models are appropriate for capturing the specific features of developing countries. The study finds that two types of approaches, econometric and end-use accounting, are used in the existing energy demand models. Although energy demand models have greatly evolved since the early 1970s, key issues such as the poor-rich and urban-rural divides, traditional energy resources, and differentiation between commercial and non-commercial energy commodities are often poorly reflected in these models. While the end-use energy accounting models with detailed sector representations produce more realistic projections compared with the econometric models, they still suffer from huge data deficiencies especially in developing countries. Development and maintenance of more detailed energy databases, further development of models to better reflect developing country context, and institutionalizing the modeling capacity in developing countries are the key requirements for energy demand modeling to deliver richer and more reliable input to policy formulation in developing countries. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 83
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4906
    Parallel Title: Lin, Justin Yifu Development strategy, viability, and economic distortions in developing countries
    Keywords: Economics ; Government holding companies ; Economics ; Government holding companies
    Abstract: "This paper presents a three-sector static model to explore the rationale for a series of institutional distortions in developing countries. The authors argue that, after World War II, motivated by a belief in the development of state-of-the-art industries as a means for nation building, the majority of developing country governments attempted to accelerate the growth of advanced capital-intensive industries. However, since developing countries are relatively rich in labor or natural resource endowments but not in capital endowment, advanced capital-intensive industries were not adapted to the endowment structures of these developing countries at the time. Enterprises in those industries were non-viable in open, competitive markets and could not survive without government subsidization or protection. The model shows that, in order to mobilize resources into the capital-intensive, advanced sectors, it is necessary for governments to use distortionary policies such as taxes and subsidies, distortions of factor prices, directive allocation of resources, and nationalization of enterprises. Such distortions enable developing countries to set up advanced, capital-intensive industries in the early stage of their development. However, they also tend to suppress incentives, misallocate resources, and make the economy inefficient. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 84
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4901
    Parallel Title: Available in another form Sea-level rise and storm surges
    Keywords: Global warming ; Natural disasters ; Storm surges ; Global warming ; Natural disasters ; Storm surges
    Abstract: "An increase in sea surface temperature is evident at all latitudes and in all oceans. The current understanding is that ocean warming plays a major role in intensified cyclone activity and heightened storm surges. The vulnerability of coastlines to intensified storm surges can be ascertained by overlaying Geographic Information System information with data on land, population density, agriculture, urban extent, major cities, wetlands, and gross domestic product for inundation zones likely to experience more intense storms and a 1 meter sea-level rise. The results show severe impacts are likely to be limited to a relatively small number of countries and a cluster of large cities at the low end of the international income distribution. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 85
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4905
    Parallel Title: Lin, Justin Yifu Industrial structure, appropriate technology and economic growth in less developed countries
    Keywords: Appropriate technology ; Technological innovations ; Appropriate technology ; Technological innovations
    Abstract: "The authors develop an endogenous growth model that combines structural change with repeated product improvement. That is, the technologies in one sector of the model become not only increasingly capital-intensive, but also progressively productive over time. Application of the basic model to less developed economies shows that the (optimal) industrial structure and the (most) appropriate technologies in less developed economies are endogenously determined by their factor endowments. A firm in a less developed country that enters a capital-intensive, advanced industry in a developed country would be nonviable owing to the relative scarcity of capital in the factor endowments of less developed countries. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 86
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4909
    Parallel Title: Yamauchi, Futoshi Risks, ex-ante actions and public assistance
    Keywords: Education ; Human capital ; Natural disasters ; Education ; Human capital ; Natural disasters
    Abstract: "This paper examines the impacts of natural disasters on schooling investments with special focus on the roles of ex-ante actions and ex-post responses using panel data from Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Malawi. The importance of ex-ante actions depends on disaster risks and the likelihood of public assistance, which potentially creates substitution between the two actions. The findings show that higher future probabilities of disasters increase the likelihood of holding more human capital and/or livestock relative to land, and this asset-portfolio effect is significant in disaster prone areas. The empirical results support the roles of both ex-ante and ex-post responses (public assistance) in coping with disasters, but also show interesting variations across countries. In Ethiopia, public assistance plays a more important role than ex-ante actions to mitigate the impact of shocks on child schooling. In contrast, households in Malawi rely more on private ex-ante actions than public assistance. The Bangladesh example shows active roles of both ex-ante and ex-post actions. These observations are consistent with the finding on the relationship between ex-ante actions and disaster risks. The results also show that among ex-ante actions, human capital accumulated in the household prior to disasters helps mitigate the negative effects of disasters in both the short and long runs. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 87
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4931
    Parallel Title: Rosendahl, Knut Einar Simple model frameworks for explaining inefficiency of the clean development mechanism
    Keywords: Greenhouse gas mitigation ; Greenhouse gas mitigation
    Abstract: "The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is an offset mechanism designed to reduce the overall cost of implementing a given global target for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in industrialized "Annex B" countries of the Kyoto Protocol. This paper discusses various ways in which CDM projects do not imply full offset of emissions, thus leading to an overall increase in global GHG emissions when considering the Annex-B emissions increase allowed by the offsets. The authors focus on two ways in which this may occur: baseline manipulation; and leakage. Baseline manipulation may result when agents that carry out CDM projects have incentives to increase their initial (or baseline) emissions in order to optimize the value of CDM credits. Leakage occurs because reductions in emissions under a CDM project may affect market equilibrium in local and/or global energy and product markets, and thereby increase emissions elsewhere. Remedies against these problems are discussed. Such remedies are more obvious for the baseline problem (where one is simply to choose an exogenous baseline independent of the project) than for the leakage problem (which is difficult to prevent, and where a prediction of the effect must rely on information about overall market equilibrium effects). "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/26/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4880
    Parallel Title: Available in another form Trends in household coverage of modern infrastructure services in Africa
    Keywords: Household surveys ; Infrastructure (Economics) ; Household surveys ; Infrastructure (Economics)
    Abstract: "Household surveys have long been used to estimate poverty and inequality trends, as well as trends in education and health indicators, but they have not been used to the same extent to assess trends in the access to or coverage of modern infrastructure services. In this paper, we use Demographic and Health Surveys from a larger sample of sub-Saharan African countries in order to collect comparable information across countries on coverage of piped water, flush toilets, electricity, and landline telephones over time. The results suggest that coverage rates for electricity, flush toilets have improved slightly over the last decade. Coverage of piped water has declined, at the same time as coverage of landline (as well as cellular) telephone has increased rapidly. The decline has been primarily in the urban areas while the infrastructure coverage has either increased or remained stable in rural Africa. For all four services, among the poorest households coverage remains virtually inexistent. If business as usual continues, it would take a very long time to reach universal or widely shared coverage even in countries where coverage has improved. These results point to the need to increase efforts by governments and international community to progressively increase access to modern infrastructure services in Africa. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4884
    Parallel Title: Deininger, Klaus W Economic and social impacts of self-help groups in india
    Keywords: Microfinance ; Self-help groups ; Microfinance ; Self-help groups
    Abstract: "Although there has been considerable recent interest in micro-credit programs, rigorous evidence on the impacts of forming self-help groups to mobilize savings and foster social empowerment at the local level is virtually non-existent, despite a large number of programs following this pattern. The authors use a large household survey to assess the economic and social impacts of the formation of self-help groups in India. They find positive impacts on empowerment and nutritional intake in program areas overall and heterogeneity of impacts between members of pre-existing and newly formed groups, as well as non-participants. Female social and economic empowerment in program areas increased irrespective of participation status, suggesting positive externalities. Nutritional benefit was more pronounced for new participants than for members of pre-existing groups. Evidence of higher consumption - but not income or asset formation - by participants suggests that at the time of the survey, the program's main economic impact had been through consumption smoothing and diversification of income sources rather than exploitation of new income sources. Evaluation of such programs in ways that allow heterogeneity of program impact can yield highly policy-relevant insights. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4925
    Parallel Title: Beine, Michel International migration, transfers of norms and home country fertility
    Keywords: Internationale Migration ; Soziale Norm ; Fertilität ; Bildungsverhalten ; Migranten ; Welt ; Emigration and immigration ; Fertility, Human ; Emigration and immigration ; Fertility, Human
    Abstract: "This paper examines the relationship between international migration and source country fertility. The impact of international migration on source country fertility may have a number of causes, including a transfer of destination countries' fertility norms and an incentive to acquire more education. It provides provide a rigorous test of the diffusion on of fertility norms using original and detailed data on migration. The results provide evidence of a significant transfer of fertility norms from migrants to their country of origin: a one percent decrease in the fertility norm to which migrants are exposed reduces home country fertility by about 0.3 percent for origin countries. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 91
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4929
    Parallel Title: Keefer, Philip When do legislators pass on "pork"?
    Keywords: Economic development projects Finance ; India ; Economic development projects Finance ; India
    Abstract: "The authors examine a unique public spending program that is proliferating across developing countries, the constituency development fund, to investigate when legislators exert more effort on behalf of their constituents. Using data from India, they find that legislator effort is significantly lower in constituencies where voters are more attached to political parties. They are also lower in constituencies that are reserved for members of socially disadvantaged groups (lower castes), specifically in those reserved constituencies that are candidate strongholds. This result is robust to controls for alternate explanations and implies that legislators pass on pork when voters are more attached to political parties or influenced by identity issues. These findings have implications for the evaluation of constituency development funds. They also provide a new answer to a central issue in political economy, the conditions under which legislators seek to "bring home the pork" to constituents, that attaches great importance to the role of political parties. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/26/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 92
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4932
    Parallel Title: Bandyopadhyay, Sushenjit Household welfare and natural resource management around national parks in Zambia
    Keywords: Wildlife management areas ; Wildlife management areas ; Zambia Economic conditions ; Zambia Economic conditions
    Abstract: "Game management areas in Zambia aim to combine nature conservation with economic empowerment of rural households. By looking at households inside and outside game management areas, this study advances the knowledge of the impact of community based natural resource management on household welfare. The paper focuses on the economic welfare of households living inside game management areas. It tries to answer the question: Do the households in game management areas enjoy higher levels of welfare relative to the conditions they would have been in had the area not been designated as a game management area? Within the game management area, the paper tries to determine the factors that influence household participation in natural resource management, and whether the participating households get any extra benefits. Also of interest is whether such benefits of living in a game management area, and, once in such an area, those of participating accrue more to the poorer segments of the communities. The study finds that the gains from living in a game management area and from active participation in natural resource management are large but unevenly distributed. Only game management areas near Kasanka, Lavushi, Isangano, and South Luangwa national parks in the sample show significant benefits to general and participating households. And in those areas, the poor do not seem to gain even when they participate actively. More even distribution of gains from game management areas across households near different park systems and across the poor and the non-poor should be a continuing goal of national policy makers. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/26/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 93
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4938
    Parallel Title: MacCracken, Michael C Beyond mitigation
    Keywords: Climatic changes Risk management ; Environmental geotechnology ; Greenhouse gases ; Climatic changes Risk management ; Environmental geotechnology ; Greenhouse gases
    Abstract: "Global climate change is occurring at an accelerating pace, and the global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that are forcing climate change continue to increase. Given the present pace of international actions, it seems unlikely that atmospheric composition can be stabilized at a level that will avoid "dangerous anthropogenic interference" with the climate system, as called for in the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. Complicating the situation, as GHG emissions are reduced, reductions in the offsetting cooling influence of sulfate aerosols will create an additional warming influence, making an early transition to climate stabilization difficult. With significant reductions in emissions (mitigation) likely to take decades, and with the impacts of projected climate change-even with proactive adaptation-likely to be quite severe over the coming decades, additional actions to offset global warming and other impacts have been proposed as important complementary measures. Although a number of possible geoengineering approaches have been proposed, each has costs and side effects that must be balanced against the expected benefits of reduced climate impacts. However, substantial new research is needed before comparison of the relative benefits and risks of intervening is possible. A first step in determining whether geoengineering is likely to be a useful option is the initiation of research on four interventions to limit the increasing serious impacts: limiting ocean acidification by increasing the removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and upper ocean; limiting the increasing intensity of tropical cyclones; limiting the warming of the Arctic and associated sea level rise; and sustaining or enhancing the existing sulfate cooling influence. In addition, in depth consideration is needed regarding the governance structure for an international geoengineering decision-making framework in the event that geoengineering becomes essential. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/26/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4939
    Parallel Title: Foa, Roberto Social and governance dimensions of climate change
    Keywords: Climatic changes ; Natural disasters ; Climatic changes ; Natural disasters
    Abstract: "This paper addresses two vital concerns in the debate on adaptation to climate change. First, how can countries prepare to manage the impact of climate-change induced natural disasters? Second, how can countries ensure that they have the governmental institutions required to manage the phenomenal challenge of adaptation to climate change? A range of economic and institutional measures are tested for their potential effects on natural disaster resilience and the quality of environmental governance. The findings suggest an important role is played by social and political institutions in determining the ability of countries to adapt to climate change and respond to natural disasters, in particular in the degree to which countries have succeeded in gender empowerment and the development of a robust civil society and nonprofit sector. As the climate change challenge moves from that of "proving the facts" to that of "implementing change," the authors suggest that international policymakers, donors, and activists must increasingly focus on building domestic policy environments that are conducive to the delivery of more effective environmental legislation, for example through implementation of gender quotas and provision of support to civil society groups. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/26/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, DC : World Bank
    ISBN: 0821379879 , 9780821379875
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xxi, 417 p) , col. ill., col. maps , 27 cm
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Keywords: Climatic changes Economic aspects ; Climatic changes Environmental aspects ; Economic development Environmental aspects ; Economic geography
    Description / Table of Contents: Overview: Changing the climate for development. 1. Understanding the links between climate change and development.2. Reducing human vulnerability: Helping people help themselves. -- 3. Managing land and water to feed nine billion people and protect natural systems. --- 4. Energizing development without compromising the climate. -- 5. Integrating development into the global climate regime. -- 6. Generating the funding needed for mitigation and adaptation. -- 7. Accelerating innovation and technology diffusion. -- 8. Overcoming behavioral; and institutional inertia.
    Note: " ... a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank."--Verso of title page , Includes bibliographic references and index
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  • 96
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: One of the objectives of a GFDRR funded project in Armenia (Institutional Arrangements on Disaster Risk Management and Reduction) is awareness building among the decision makers, professional engineering and construction community, and local self-governments on the modern, anti-seismic technologies successfully developed and implemented in Armenia. To raise awareness on the seismic isolation technology it was decided to first evaluate the functioning of all seismic isolation systems in the already constructed buildings in Armenia. Then based on the carried out observations to analyze the results, to draw lessons from the findings and to present the conclusions and recommendations to the wider engineering and construction community, as well as to the decision makers in the construction industry. For that purpose monitoring and evaluation of the technical conditions of the seismic isolation systems in the buildings which were seismically isolated for more than a decade ago was carried out. This initiative was very useful, as it helped to answer to the frequently asked questions and concerns on the sustainability and effectiveness of the technology, of the seismic isolators. It also helped to draw lessons and recommend solutions for improving their construction and maintenance practices
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: In 2009, Zambia joined the Russia Education Aid for Development (READ) trust fund program, the goal of which is to help countries improve their capacity to design, carry out, analyze, and use assessments for improved student learning. As part of the READ trust fund program, and in order to gain a better understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of its existing assessment system, Zambia participated in a formal exercise to benchmark this system under The World Bank's Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER) program. SABER is an evidence-based program to help countries systematically examine and strengthen the performance of different aspects of their education systems. SABER-student assessment is a component of the SABER program that focuses specifically on benchmarking student assessment policies and systems. The goal of SABER-student assessment is to promote stronger assessment systems that contribute to improved education quality and learning for all. The importance of assessment is linked to its role in: providing information on levels of student learning and achievement in the system; monitoring trends in education quality over time; supporting educators and students with real-time information to improve teaching and learning; and holding stakeholders accountable for results. The SABER-student assessment framework is built on the available evidence base for what an effective assessment system looks like. The framework provides guidance on how countries can build more effective student assessment systems. The framework is structured around two main dimensions of assessment systems: the types/purposes of assessment activities and the quality of those activities. Assessment systems tend to be comprised of three main types of assessment activities, each of which serves a different purpose and addresses different information needs. These three main types are: classroom assessment, examinations, and large scale, system level assessments. This report focuses specifically on policies in the area of student assessment
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821378601
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (219 p)
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Global Monitoring Report
    Abstract: A Development Emergency: the title of this year's Global Monitoring Report, the sixth in an annual series, could not be more apt. The global economic crisis, the most severe since the Great Depression, is rapidly turning into a human and development crisis. No region is immune. The poor countries are especially vulnerable, as they have the least cushion to withstand events. The crisis, coming on the heels of the food and fuel crises, poses serious threats to their hard-won gains in boosting economic growth and reducing poverty. It is pushing millions back into poverty and putting at risk the very survival of many. The prospect of reaching the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015, already a cause for serious concern, now looks even more distant. A global crisis must be met with a global response. The crisis began in the financial markets of developed countries, so the first order of business must be to stabilize these markets and counter the recession that the financial turmoil has triggered. At the same time, strong and urgent actions are needed to counter the impact of the crisis on developing countries and help them restore strong growth while protecting the poor. Global Monitoring Report 2009, prepared jointly by the staff of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, provides a development perspective on the global economic crisis. It assesses the impact on developing countries, their growth, poverty reduction, and other MDGs. And it sets out priorities for policy response, both by developing countries themselves and by the international community. This report also focuses on the ways in which the private sector can be better mobilized in support of development goals, especially in the aftermath of the crisis
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821381472
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (64 p)
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: World Bank Annual Report
    Abstract: The World Bank Annual Report 2009, Year in Review, explores the impact of the global financial and economic crisis in developing countries, and fast-track funding and programs that can help member countries withstand the debacle. In addition, new and ongoing programs and projects in health, climate change, infrastructure, and several other areas are highlighted. A new feature this year is personal-impact stories for each region, relaying the positive effects of World Bank assistance on individuals
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  • 100
    ISBN: 0821381652 , 0821381660 , 9780821381656 , 9780821381663
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xvii, 76 p) , ill. (some col.) , 28 cm
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 338.9009172/4
    Keywords: Economic development ; Financial crises ; Global Financial Crisis, 2008-2009 ; Economic development ; Financial crises ; Global Financial Crisis, 2008-2009 ; Economic development ; Financial crises ; Global Financial Crisis, 2008-2009 ; Developing countries ; Developing countries ; Developing countries ; Developing countries Economic conditions 21st century ; Developing countries Economic conditions 21st century
    Description / Table of Contents: IntroductionThe crisis -- Questioning the growth strategies -- Openness and financial development -- Resilience -- Concluding thoughts.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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