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  • 2005-2009  (283)
  • 1980-1984  (19)
  • 2006  (283)
  • World Bank  (245)
  • Grimm, Wilhelm
Datasource
Material
Language
Years
Year
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
Subjects(RVK)
  • 1
    Book
    Book
    The Egyptian fertility survey, 1980 (1983-)
    Cairo : The Agency
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: ill , 30 cm
    DDC: 304.6/32/0962
    Keywords: Fertility ; Egypt ; Egypt ; Population ; Birth control ; Egypt
    Note: World Fertility Survey, International Statistical Institute , This project was conducted as part of the World Fertility Survey and with the collaboration of the World Bank"--T.p. verso , Includes bibliographical references
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    Book
    GBV
  • 2
    Book
    Book
    Grimms Märchen international : zehn der bekanntesten Grimmschen Märchen und ihre europäischen und außereuropäischen Verwandten (1996-)
    Paderborn [u.a.] : Schöningh
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 24 cm
    DDC: 398.2
    Keywords: Kinder- und Hausmärchen ; Fairy tales ; Germany ; Anthologie ; Kinder- und Hausmärchen ; Vergleichende Märchenforschung
    Note: Enth. Literaturangaben und Register
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    GBV
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Werke : Forschungsausgabe (1985-)
    Hildesheim [u.a.] : Olms-Weidmann
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    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: TIFF, Vers.6.0, 600 dpi, 1 bit (s/w), ITU group 4; Digitalisierungsvorlage: Primärausgabe
    Edition: Electronic. ed. Hildesheim [u.a.] Olms 2006 Olms online. Reprints. Sammlung zur Philosophie und deutschsprachigen Literatur des 16. bis 20. Jahrhunderts
    Edition: Göttingen GDZ
    Former Title: Teilw. u.d.T. Grimm, Jacob: Sämtliche Werke
    Note: Nachdr. teilw. in der Reihe Documenta linguistica , SUB Göttingen
    URL: Volltext
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    Online Resource
    BSZ
    GBV
  • 4
    Book
    Book
    Kinder- und Hausmärchen : mit einem Anhang sämtlicher, nicht in allen Auflagen veröffentlichter Märchen und Herkunftsnachweisen (2001-)
    Stuttgart : Reclam
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    Details
    ISBN: 315030024X , 9783150300428 , 9783150300480
    Language: German
    Pages: 20 cm; (2001-2010): 17 cm
    Edition: Ausg. letzter Hand mit den Orig.-Anm. der Brüder Grimm
    Former Title: Gesamtausgabe
    DDC: 398.20943
    RVK:
    GB 2705
    RVK:
    GB 2706
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Deutsch ; Märchen
    Note: Literaturangaben
    URL: Inhaltstext 2010
    URL: Inhaltstext 2014
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    Book
    Weltkulturen Museum
    BSZ
  • 5
    Book
    Book
    Kinder- und Hausmärchen (1912-)
    Jena : Diederichs
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    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: octavo
    Series Statement: Märchen der Weltliteratur ...
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Deutschland ; Märchen
    Note: In Fraktur
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    Book
    MEK Berlin
  • 6
    Book
    Book
    Werke : Forschungsausgabe (1985-)
    Hildesheim [u.a.] : Olms-Weidmann
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    Details
    Language: German
    Additional Information: Rezension Kaiste, Jaanna [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Abt. 3, Gemeinsame Werke, Bd. 43-45] 2006
    Additional Information: Rezension Beck, Heinrich [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Abt. 1. Bd. 17-18] 1995
    Additional Information: Rezension Speer, Heino [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Abt. 1. Bd. 17-18] 1995
    Additional Information: Rezension Lecouteux, C. [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Bd. 17-18] 1994
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Pöge-Alder, Kathrin, 1965 - [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob, 1785-1863, Werke] 2006
    Former Title: Teilw. u.d.T. Grimm, Jacob: Sämtliche Werke
    Note: Nachdr. teilw. in der Reihe Documenta linguistica
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    GBV
  • 7
    Book
    Book
    Werke : Forschungsausgabe (1985-)
    Hildesheim [u.a.] : Olms-Weidmann
    Details
    Language: German
    Additional Information: Rezension Kaiste, Jaanna [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Abt. 3, Gemeinsame Werke, Bd. 43-45] 2006
    Additional Information: Rezension Beck, Heinrich [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Abt. 1. Bd. 17-18] 1995
    Additional Information: Rezension Speer, Heino [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Abt. 1. Bd. 17-18] 1995
    Additional Information: Rezension Lecouteux, C. [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Bd. 17-18] 1994
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Pöge-Alder, Kathrin, 1965 - [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob, 1785-1863, Werke] 2006
    Former Title: Teilw. u.d.T. Grimm, Jacob: Sämtliche Werke
    Note: Nachdr. teilw. in der Reihe Documenta linguistica
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    Book
    KOBV
  • 8
    Book
    Book
    Volkslieder : aus der Handschriftensammlung der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg (1985-)
    Marburg : Elwert
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    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 24 cm
    Additional Information: Rezension Karbusicky, Vladimir [Rezension von: Volkslieder, aus der Handschriftensammlung der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg, Brüder Grimm. Hrsg. von Charlotte Oberfeld ..., Bd. 1 - 3. 1985-89] 1991
    Additional Information: Rezension Schade, Ernst [Rezension von: Volkslieder, aus der Handschriftensammlung der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg, Brüder Grimm. Hrsg. von Charlotte Oberfeld ..., Bd. 2 - 3. 1987-89] 1991
    Additional Information: Rezension Schenda, Rudolf [Rezension von: Volkslieder, aus der Handschriftensammlung der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg, Brüder Grimm. Hrsg. von Charlotte Oberfeld ..., Bd. 1 - 3 . 1985-89] 1990
    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Grimm, Jacob 1785-1863 ; Volkslied ; Grimm, Wilhelm 1786-1859 ; Volkslied
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    Book
    Ethn. Museum Berlin
  • 9
    Book
    Book
    Kinder- und Hausmärchen : nach der zweiten, vermehrten und verbesserten Auflage von 1819, textkritisch revidiert und mit einer Biographie der Grimmschen Märchen versehen (1982-)
    Köln [u.a.] : Diederichs
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    Details
    ISBN: 3424007358 , 3424007366
    Language: German
    Pages: 20 cm
    Series Statement: Die Märchen der Weltliteratur
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    Book
    MEK Berlin
  • 10
    Book
    Book
    Volkslieder : aus der Handschriftensammlung der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg (1985-)
    Marburg : Elwert
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    Details
    Language: German
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    Book
    MEK Berlin
  • 11
    Book
    Book
    Anmerkungen zu den Kinder- und Hausmärchen der Brüder Grimm (1913-)
    Leipzig : Dieterich
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    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 8°
    Additional Information: Rezension Wardetzky, Kristin "Mit Überraschung bemerkt man die Verwandtschaft mit den Märchen anderer weit entfernter Völker" 2014
    Keywords: Kinder- und Hausmärchen ; Märchenforschung ; Lyrik ; Literatur ; Deutsch ; Prosa ; Kommentar ; Kinder- und Hausmärchen ; Märchenforschung ; Lyrik ; Literatur ; Deutsch ; Prosa
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    MEK Berlin
  • 12
    Book
    Book
    Deutsches Wörterbuch (1854-)
    Leipzig : Hirzel
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    Details
    Language: German
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion Grimm, Jacob, 1785 - 1863 Deutsches Wörterbuch
    DDC: 433
    RVK:
    AH 11000
    RVK:
    AH 11080
    RVK:
    GB 1490
    Keywords: German language ; Dictionaries ; German language - Dictionaries ; Wörterbuch ; Deutsch ; Grimm, Jacob 1785-1863 ; Grimm, Wilhelm 1786-1859 ; Deutschland ; Geschichte
    Abstract: Neubearbeitung
    Note: Quellen-Verz. im Verl. Huth, Göttingen, erschienen. - Quellen-Verz., photomechanischer Neudr. im Verl. Funk, Berlin, ersch.
    URL: http://woerterbuchnetz.de/cgi-bin/WBNetz/wbgui_py?sigle=DWB
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    Book
    MEK Berlin
  • 13
    Book
    Book
    Kinder und Hausmärchen. (1837-)
    Göttingen : Dieterich
    Details
    Language: German
    Edition: Große Ausg.
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion Kinder und Hausmärchen.
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
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    Book
    KOBV
  • 14
    Book
    Book
    Kinder und Hausmärchen. (1837-)
    Göttingen : Dieterich
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    Details
    Language: German
    Edition: Große Ausg.
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion Kinder und Hausmärchen.
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
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    GBV
  • 15
    Book
    Book
    Kinder- und Haus-Märchen (1819-)
    Berlin : bei G. Reimer
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 8°
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion Kinder- und Haus-Märchen
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    Note: In Fraktur
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    Book
    KOBV
  • 16
    Book
    Book
    Kinder- und Haus-Märchen (1819-)
    Berlin : bei G. Reimer
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    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 8°
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion Kinder- und Haus-Märchen
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    Note: In Fraktur
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    Book
    GBV
  • 17
    Book
    Book
    Kinder- und Hausmärchen (1910-)
    Berlin [u.a.] : Bong
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    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: octavo
    Edition: Neue durchges. Ausg.
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen
    Note: T. 1. 2
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    GBV
    KOBV
  • 18
    Book
    Book
    Der goldene Schlüssel und sieben andere Märchen (1987-)
    Berlin : Kinderbuchverl.
    Details
    ISBN: 3358000923
    Language: German
    Pages: 16 cm
    Uniform Title: Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen
    Note: Teilausg
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    Book
    MEK Berlin
  • 19
    Book
    Book
    Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm : kritische Ausgabe in Einzelbänden (2001-)
    Stuttgart : Hirzel
    Details
    Language: German
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm
    DDC: 398.2092243
    RVK:
    GB 2666
    RVK:
    GB 2636
    RVK:
    GB 2706
    Keywords: Grimm, Jacob Correspondence ; Grimm, Wilhelm Correspondence ; Grimm, Jacob Correspondence ; Grimm, Wilhelm Correspondence ; Philologists Correspondence ; Germany ; Philologists Correspondence ; Briefsammlung ; Grimm, Jacob 1785-1863 ; Grimm, Wilhelm 1786-1859 ; Grimm, Wilhelm 1786-1859 ; Grimm, Jacob 1785-1863
    Note: Enth. Briefe von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm , Bd. 1. Briefwechsel zwischen Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm : T. 1. Text. T. 2. Zusätzliche Texte; Sagenkonkordanz. T. 3. Kommentar / verfasst und herausgegeben von Stephan Bialas-Pophanken , Bd. 2. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Karl Bartsch, Franz Pfeiffer und Gabriel Riedel , Bd. 3. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Gustav Hugo , Bd. 4. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Theodor Georg von Karajan, Wilhelm Wackernagel, Johann Hugo Wyttenbach und Julius Zacher , Bd. 5. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit den Verlegern des "Deutschen Wörterbuchs" Karl Reimer und Salomon Hirzel , Bd. 6. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Rudolf Hildebrand, Matthias Lexer und Karl Weigand , Bd. 7. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Gustav Freytag, Moriz Haupt, Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben und Franz Joseph Mone , Bd. 8. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Johann Martin Lappenberg, Friedrich Lisch und Georg Waitz , Bd. 9. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit ihren älteren Verwandten , 1,1 (2001) -
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Kinder- und Haus-Märchen (1819-)
    Berlin : bei G. Reimer
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    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 8°
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe München Bayerische Staatsbibliothek 2022 1 Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Kinder- und Haus-Märchen
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    Note: In Fraktur
    URL: kostenfrei
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    Online Resource
    KOBV
  • 21
    Book
    Book
    Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm : kritische Ausgabe in Einzelbänden (2001-)
    Stuttgart : Hirzel
    Show associated volumes/articles
    Details
    Language: German
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm
    DDC: 398.2092243
    RVK:
    GB 2666
    RVK:
    GB 2636
    RVK:
    GB 2706
    Keywords: Grimm, Jacob Correspondence ; Grimm, Wilhelm Correspondence ; Grimm, Jacob Correspondence ; Grimm, Wilhelm Correspondence ; Philologists Correspondence ; Germany ; Philologists Correspondence ; Briefsammlung ; Grimm, Jacob 1785-1863 ; Grimm, Wilhelm 1786-1859 ; Grimm, Wilhelm 1786-1859 ; Grimm, Jacob 1785-1863
    Note: Enth. Briefe von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm , Bd. 1. Briefwechsel zwischen Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm : T. 1. Text. T. 2. Zusätzliche Texte; Sagenkonkordanz. T. 3. Kommentar / verfasst und herausgegeben von Stephan Bialas-Pophanken , Bd. 2. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Karl Bartsch, Franz Pfeiffer und Gabriel Riedel , Bd. 3. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Gustav Hugo , Bd. 4. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Theodor Georg von Karajan, Wilhelm Wackernagel, Johann Hugo Wyttenbach und Julius Zacher , Bd. 5. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit den Verlegern des "Deutschen Wörterbuchs" Karl Reimer und Salomon Hirzel , Bd. 6. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Rudolf Hildebrand, Matthias Lexer und Karl Weigand , Bd. 7. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Gustav Freytag, Moriz Haupt, Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben und Franz Joseph Mone , Bd. 8. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Johann Martin Lappenberg, Friedrich Lisch und Georg Waitz , Bd. 9. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit ihren älteren Verwandten , 1,1 (2001) -
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    BSZ
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Kinder und Hausmärchen. (1837-)
    Göttingen : Dieterich
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    Details
    Language: German
    Edition: Große Ausg.
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe Berlin Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz 2021 Historische Drucke digital
    Edition: Nachlass Grimm digital
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    URL: kostenfrei
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    Online Resource
    KOBV
  • 23
    Book
    Book
    Kinder- und Hausmärchen : mit einem Anhang sämtlicher, nicht in allen Auflagen veröffentlichter Märchen und Herkunftsnachweisen (1980-)
    Stuttgart : Reclam
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    Details
    ISBN: 3150231914
    Language: German
    Pages: 15 cm
    Edition: Ausg. letzter Hand mit den Originalanmerkungen der Brüder Grimm
    Series Statement: (Reclams) Universal-Bibliothek ...
    RVK:
    GB 2705
    RVK:
    GB 2706
    RVK:
    LC 81015
    RVK:
    GE 6923
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Märchen
    Note: Literaturangaben
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    Book
    BSZ
  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Kinder und Hausmärchen. (1837-)
    Göttingen : Dieterich
    Details
    Language: German
    Edition: Große Ausgabe
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe München Bayerische Staatsbibliothek 2022 1 Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    URL: kostenfrei
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    Online Resource
    KOBV
  • 25
    Book
    Book
    Grimms Märchen international : zehn der bekanntesten Grimmschen Märchen und ihre europäischen und aussereuropäischen Verwandten (1996-)
    Paderborn [u.a.] : Schöningh
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    Details
    Language: German
    RVK:
    EC 7260
    RVK:
    DX 4151
    RVK:
    GB 2708
    RVK:
    LC 81015
    RVK:
    GE 6083
    Keywords: Kinder- und Hausmärchen ; Vergleichende Märchenforschung
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    Book
    BSZ
  • 26
    Book
    Book
    Kinder- und Hausmärchen : mit einem Anhang sämtlicher, nicht in allen Auflagen veröffentlichter Märchen und Herkunftsnachweisen (2001-)
    Stuttgart : Reclam
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    Details
    ISBN: 315030024X , 9783150300428 , 9783150300480
    Language: German
    Pages: 20 cm; (2001-2010): 17 cm
    Edition: Ausg. letzter Hand mit den Orig.-Anm. der Brüder Grimm
    Former Title: Gesamtausgabe
    DDC: 398.20943
    RVK:
    GB 2705
    RVK:
    GB 2706
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Deutsch ; Märchen
    Note: Literaturangaben
    URL: Inhaltstext 2010
    URL: Inhaltstext 2014
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    BSZ
  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Kinder und Hausmärchen. (1837-)
    Göttingen : Dieterich
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    Details
    Language: German
    Edition: Große Ausgabe
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe München Bayerische Staatsbibliothek 2022 1 Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    URL: kostenfrei
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    Online Resource
    BSZ
    GBV
  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Kinder- und Haus-Märchen (1819-)
    Berlin : bei G. Reimer
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 8°
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe München Bayerische Staatsbibliothek 2022 1 Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Kinder- und Haus-Märchen
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    Note: In Fraktur
    URL: kostenfrei
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    Online Resource
    BSZ
    GBV
  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Kinder und Hausmärchen. (1837-)
    Göttingen : Dieterich
    Details
    Language: German
    Edition: Große Ausg.
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe Berlin Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz 2021 Historische Drucke digital
    Edition: Nachlass Grimm digital
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    URL: kostenfrei
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    BSZ
    GBV
  • 30
    Book
    Book
    Deutsches Wörterbuch (1983-2018)
    Leipzig : Hirzel
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    ISBN: 3740100001
    Language: German
    Pages: 31 cm
    Edition: Neubearb.
    Additional Information: Rezension Krogh, Steffen [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Deutsches Wörterbuch, Bd. 2. Lfg. 4. u. Bd. 7. Lfg. 8. 1993] 1996
    Additional Information: Rezension Stricker, Stefanie [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Deutsches Wörterbuch, Bd. 2. Lfg. 5 u. Bd. 8. Doppellfg. 1/2. 1994-95] 1996
    Additional Information: Rezension Korencsy, Ottó [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Deutsches Wörterbuch, Bd. 2. Lfg. 5 - 6 u. Bd. 8. Doppellfg. 1/2. 1994-95] 1996
    Additional Information: Rezension Stricker, Stefanie [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Deutsches Wörterbuch, Bd. 2. Lfg. 6 - 7 u. Bd. 8 Doppellfg. 1/2. 1995-96 ] 1998
    Additional Information: Rezension Müller, Peter O. [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Deutsches Wörterbuch, Bd. 2. Lfg. 5 - 6 u. Bd. 8. Doppellfg. 1/2. 1994-95] 1996
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion Deutsches Wörterbuch
    RVK:
    AH 11000
    RVK:
    AH 11080
    RVK:
    GB 1490
    Keywords: German language Dictionaries ; Deutsch Wörterbuch ; Wörterbuch ; Deutsch
    Note: Die Neubearbeitung umfasst nur die Buchstaben A-F (Band 1-9) , Erscheinungsbeginn: 1965 , Ab 1993 hrsg. von der Berlin-Brandenburgischen Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen
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    MEK Berlin
  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Deutsches Wörterbuch (1983-2018)
    Leipzig : S. Hirzel Verlag
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    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: Digitalisierungsvorlage: Original
    Edition: Neubearbeitung
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe Hannover Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB) 2022
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Deutsches Wörterbuch
    RVK:
    AH 11000
    RVK:
    AH 11080
    RVK:
    GB 1490
    Keywords: German language Dictionaries ; Deutsch Wörterbuch ; Wörterbuch ; Deutsch
    Note: Die Neubearbeitung umfasst nur die Buchstaben A-F (Band 1-9) , Erscheinungsbeginn: 1965 , Ab 1993 herausgegeben von der Berlin-Brandenburgischen Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen
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  • 32
    Article
    Article
    "Die Lebenszeit" (2006)
    Show associated volumes/articles
    In:  Bayerische Blätter für Volkskunde : BBV : Mitteilungen u. Materialien Vol. 33/34=N.S. 8/9 (2006/07), p. 7-8
    Details
    ISSN: 0720-8006
    Language: Undetermined
    Titel der Quelle: Bayerische Blätter für Volkskunde : BBV : Mitteilungen u. Materialien
    Publ. der Quelle: Würzburg : Bayer. Blätter für Volkskunde
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 33/34=N.S. 8/9 (2006/07), p. 7-8
    DDC: 25
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    Article
    OLC Ethnologie
  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Finance and development : the economics of demographics; Volume 43, no. 3. 6, [or], 6.5 billion and counting (2006)
    Washington, D.C : International Monetary Fund
    Details
    ISBN: 9781455234455 , 1455234451
    Language: English
    Pages: Online Ressource (57 p.) , ill., ports.
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: Finance and development 0015-1947 v. 43, no. 3
    Series Statement: Finance and development v. 43, no. 3
    DDC: 304.6
    Keywords: Mundell, Robert A. ; Mundell, Robert A ; Mundell, Robert A. ; Population Economic aspects ; Population forecasting ; Population Economic aspects ; Electronic books ; Economic history ; Population ; Economic aspects ; Population forecasting ; SOCIAL SCIENCE ; Demography ; Kazakhstan Economic conditions ; Kazakhstan Economic conditions ; Kazakhstan ; Electronic books ; Electronic books Electronic books
    Note: "September 2006. - Includes bibliographical references. - Description based on print version record
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    BSZ
    GBV
  • 34
    Book
    Book
    Hansel & Gretel (2006)
    New York, NY : Philomel Books
    Details
    ISBN: 0399242341 , 9780399242342
    Language: English
    Pages: 40 S. , zahlr. Ill. , 25 x 30 cm
    DDC: 398.2/0943/02
    Keywords: Fairy tales ; Folklore ; Deutschland
    Note: A retelling of the well-known tale in which two children lost in the woods find their way home despite an encounter with a wicked witch.
    URL: Contributor biographical information
    URL: Publisher description
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    BVB
  • 35
    Book
    Book
    Das große Märchenbilderbuch der Brüder Grimm (2006)
    Stuttgart : Thienemann
    Details
    ISBN: 9783522435413 , 3522435419
    Language: German
    Pages: [188] S. , überw. Ill. , 300 mm x 232 mm
    Edition: [erw. Neuausg.]
    Former Title: Früher u. d. T. Das Märchen-Bilderbuch der Brüder Grimm
    DDC: 398.20943/01
    URL: Inhaltstext
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    BSZ
  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Perspectives on fiscal federalism (2006)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 082136555X , 0821365568 , 9780821365557 , 9780821365564
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (x, 265 p) , ill , 28 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: WBI learning resources series
    DDC: 336
    Keywords: Intergovernmental fiscal relations ; Local finance ; Revenue ; Intergovernmental fiscal relations ; Local finance ; Revenue ; Intergovernmental fiscal relations ; Local finance ; Revenue
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bolivia : public policy options for the well-being of all (2006)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821366629 , 0821366637 , 9780821366622 , 9780821366639
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xxix, 538 p) , ill , 23 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Uniform Title: Bolivia--por el bienestar de todos. 〈engl.〉
    DDC: 320.60984
    Keywords: Bolivia ; Bolivia ; Bolivia Economic policy ; Bolivia Social policy ; Bolivia Economic policy ; Bolivia Social policy
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Global Development Finance 2006 (Complete Print Edition) : The Development Potential of Surging Capital Flows (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821359916 , 9780821366233 , 9780821359914
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (472 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Global Development Finance
    Abstract: International private capital flows to developing countries reached a record net level of
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Africa Development Indicators 2006 : From the World Bank Africa Database (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821365371 , 9780821365380 , 9780821365373
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (160 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Africa Development Indicators
    Abstract: Africa Development Indicators 2006 provides the most detailed collection of data on Africa available in one volume. It contains about 450 macroeconomic, sectoral, and social indicators, covering 53 African countries. Designed to provide all those interested in Africa with a focused and convenient set of data to monitor development programs and aid flows in the region, this is an invaluable reference tool for analysts and policymakers who want a better understanding of the economic and social developments occurring in Africa
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pension reform : issues and prospect for non-financial defined contribution (NDC) schemes (2006)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821360388
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xiv, 671 p) , ill , 25 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    DDC: 331.25/22
    Keywords: Defined contribution pension plans ; Pensions ; Defined contribution pension plans ; Pensions ; Defined contribution pension plans ; Pensions
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Di bao : a guaranteed minimum income in urban China? (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3805
    Parallel Title: Wang, Youjuan Di bao
    Keywords: Guaranteed annual income ; Poor ; Guaranteed annual income ; Poor
    Abstract: "Concerns about incentives and targeting naturally arise when cash transfers are used to fight poverty. The authors address these concerns in the context of China's Di Bao program, which uses means-tested transfers to try to assure that no registered urban resident has an income below a stipulated poverty line. There is little sign in the data of poverty traps due to high benefit withdrawal rates. Targeting performance is excellent by various measures. Di Bao appears to be better targeted than any other program in the developing world. However, all but one measure of targeting performance is found to be uninformative, or even deceptive, about impacts on poverty. The authors find that the majority of the poor are not receiving help, even with a generous allowance for measurement errors. While on paper, Di Bao would eliminate urban poverty, it falls well short of that ideal in practice. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 1/10/2006 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Two decades of reform : the changing organization dynamics of Chinese industrial firms (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3806
    Parallel Title: Nabeshima, Kaoru Two decades of reform
    Keywords: Capitalism ; Globalization ; Capitalism ; Globalization ; China Economic policy 1976-2000 ; China Foreign economic relations ; China Economic policy 1976-2000 ; China Foreign economic relations
    Abstract: "Since the early 1980s, China has begun gradually integrating with the global system. In doing so the country has moved toward its own unique brand of market socialism, which recognizes private ownership, and is adopting market institutions and pursuing industrial change within the framework of an urban economic environment. The process of transition has now permeated every corner of Chinese life and no organization has been left untouched. Yet industrial organization in China-especially in the state sector-has been slow to shed many of the distinctive structural characteristics of the old line Maoist era state enterprises. The main prong of the industrial strategy in support of urban change is ownership reform that transforms state-owned enterprises into corporate entities with majority state ownership or places them wholly in private hands, in the process also bolstering the incentives for and the dynamism of the private sector. While the central government spearheads the ownership reform initiative, in the majority of cases the actual implementation is in the hands of municipal, county, and prefectural governments that must coordinate their efforts with other factors influencing urban changes. This paper situates industrial change in China within the context of urban development and examines the interplay of broad reform strategy with local implementation, and its actual practice by the reformed firms. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 1/12/2006 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Preferential trading in South Asia (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3813
    Parallel Title: Panagariya, Arvind Preferential trading in South Asia
    Keywords: Free trade ; Tariff preferences ; Free trade ; Tariff preferences
    Abstract: "The authors examine the economic case for the South Asia Free Trade Area (SAFTA) Agreement signed on January 6, 2004 by India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, and the Maldives. They start with a detailed analysis of the preferential trading arrangements in South Asia to look at the region's experience to date and to draw lessons. Specifically, they examine the most effective free trade area in existence-the India-Sri Lanka Free Trade Area-and evaluate the developments under the South Asian Preferential Trade Area (SAPTA). The authors conclude that, considered in isolation, the economic case for SAFTA is weak. When compared with the rest of the world, the region is tiny both in terms of economic size as measured by GDP (and per capita incomes) and the share in world trade. It is argued that these facts make it unlikely that trade diversion would be dominant as a result of SAFTA. This point is reinforced by the presence of high levels of protection in the region and the tendency of the member countries to establish highly restrictive "sectoral exceptions and sensitive lists" and stringent "rules of origin." The authors argue that the SAFTA makes sense only in the context of a much broader strategy of creating a larger preferential trade area in the region that specifically would encompass China and the member nations of the Association of South East Asian Nations. In turn, the case for the latter is strategic: the pursuit of regionalism in the Americas and Europe has created increasing discrimination against Asian exports to those regions, which must inevitably affect the region's terms of trade adversely. An Asian bloc could be a potential instrument of changing incentives for the trade blocs in the Americas and Europe and forcing multilateral freeing of trade. Assuming that the SAFTA Agreement is here to stay, the authors suggest steps to ensure that the Agreement can be made more effective in promoting intra-regional trade, while minimizing the likely trade-diversion costs and maximizing the potential benefits. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 1/12/2006 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A normal relationship? : poverty, growth, and inequality (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3814
    Parallel Title: Lopez, J. Humberto A normal relationship?
    Keywords: Economic development Case studies ; Income distribution Case studies ; Poverty Case studies ; Economic development Case studies ; Income distribution Case studies ; Poverty Case studies
    Abstract: "Using a large cross-country income distribution dataset spanning close to 800 country-year observations from industrial and developing countries, the authors show that the size distribution of per capita income is well approximated empirically by a lognormal density. The null hypothesis that per capita income follows a lognormal distribution cannot be rejected-although the same hypothesis is unambiguously rejected when applied to per capita consumption. The authors show that lognormality of per capita income has important implications for the relative roles of income growth and inequality changes in poverty reduction. When poverty reduction is the overriding policy objective, poorer and relatively equal countries may be willing to tolerate modest increases in income inequality in exchange for faster growth-more so than richer and highly unequal countries. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 1/12/2006 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Unpackaging demand for water service quality : evidence from conjoint surveys in Sri Lanka (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3817
    Parallel Title: Available in another form Unpackaging demand for water service quality
    Keywords: Public-private sector cooperation ; Sanitation ; Water-supply ; Public-private sector cooperation ; Sanitation ; Water-supply
    Abstract: "In the early 2000s, the Government of Sri Lanka considered engaging private sector operators to manage water and sewerage services in two separate service areas: one in the town of Negombo (north of Colombo), and one stretching along the coastal strip (south from Colombo) from the towns of Kalutara to Galle. Since then, the government has abandoned the idea of setting up a public-private partnership in these two areas. This paper is part of a series of investigations to determine how these pilot private sector transactions (forming part of the overall water sector reform strategy) could be designed in such a manner that they would benefit the poor. The authors describe the results of a conjoint survey evaluating the factors that drive customer demand for alternative water supply and sanitation services in Sri Lanka. They show how conjoint surveys can be used to unpackage household demand for attributes of urban services and improve the design of infrastructure policies. They present conjoint surveys as a tool for field experiments and a source of valuable empirical data. In the study of three coastal towns in southwestern Sri Lanka the conjoint survey allows the authors to compare household preferences for four water supply attributes-price, quantity, safety, and reliability. They examine subpopulations of different income levels to determine if demand is heterogeneous. The case study suggests that households care about service quality (not just price). In general, the authors find that households have diverse preferences in terms of quantity, safety, and service options, but not with regard to hours of supply. In particular, they find that the poor have lower ability to trade off income for services, a finding that has significant equity implications in terms of allocating scarce public services and achieving universal water access. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 1/13/2006 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Lobbying and agricultural trade policy in the United States (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3819
    Parallel Title: Gawande, Kishore S Lobbying and agricultural trade policy in the United States
    Keywords: Pressure groups ; Produce trade Government policy ; Tariff on farm produce ; Pressure groups ; Produce trade Government policy ; Tariff on farm produce
    Abstract: "The authors study whether political campaign contributions influence agricultural protection in the United States in the manner suggested by the political economy model of Grossman and Helpman (1994). This is the first attempt to test this model using agricultural data. The authors test the model using a detailed cross-sectional data set of agricultural protection, subsidies, and political action committee (PAC) contributions in the late 1990s. The model is qualitatively affirmed by the data. They make a novel attempt to solve a puzzle about the model's quantitative implications, also found in recent studies. This solution makes the simple model consistent with the complicated decisionmaking process in real world government. The results imply the underpinnings of a political economy equilibrium that will be hard to dislodge. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 1/13/2006 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    International benchmarking of Lesotho's infrastructure performance (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3825
    Parallel Title: Bogetic, Željko International benchmarking of Lesotho's infrastructure performance
    Keywords: Infrastructure (Economics) ; Infrastructure (Economics)
    Abstract: "The author provides a preliminary benchmarking of infrastructure performance in Lesotho in four major sectors--electricity, water and sanitation, information and communication technology, and road transportation--against the relevant group of comparator countries using a new World Bank international data base with objective and perception-based indicators of infrastructure performance from over 200 countries. The results of the benchmarking are revealing of several major, comparative deficiencies in infrastructure performance in Lesotho: (1) extremely low access to electricity and its affordability; (2) poor coverage, quality, and the cost of local (non-cellular) telephony; and (3) poor quality of roads. Infrastructure service delivery in electricity, telephony, and roads is well below what would be expected, on average, for a country in Lesotho's income group. In these sectors, Lesotho also compares unfavorably with many other geographical country groups. Unless addressed, such infrastructure shortfalls are likely to adversely affect the welfare of Lesotho's poor, and the cost competitiveness and growth prospects of a range of economic sectors (such as tourism and trade) that depend critically on a stable and competitive supply of basic infrastructure service. They could also affect the speed and quality of Lesotho's regional economic integration within the South Africa Customs Union (SACU) sub-region with attendant consequences for the long-term growth of regional trade and real output. By contrast, Lesotho's performance is solid in the access to improved water and sanitation, in the aggregate and in both rural and urban areas. Finally, this benchmarking, combined with more in-depth, sector analyses, could provide policymakers in Lesotho a useful guide to the areas of infrastructure performance requiring attention. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 1/17/2006 , Also available in print.
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Financial performance and outreach : a global analysis of leading microbanks (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3827
    Parallel Title: Morduch, Jonathan Financial performance and outreach
    Keywords: Bank loans Case studies ; Microfinance Case studies ; Bank loans Case studies ; Microfinance Case studies
    Abstract: "Microfinance contracts have proven able to secure high rates of loan repayment in the face of limited liability and information asymmetries, but high repayment rates have not translated easily into profits for most microbanks. Profitability, though, is at the heart of the promise that microfinance can deliver poverty reduction while not relying on ongoing subsidy. The authors examine why this promise remains unmet for most institutions. Using a data set with unusually high quality financial information on 124 institutions in 49 countries, they explore the patterns of profitability, loan repayment, and cost reduction. The authors find that institutional design and orientation matter substantially. Lenders that do not use group-based methods to overcome incentive problems experience weaker portfolio quality and lower profit rates when interest rates are raised substantially. For these individual-based lenders, one key to achieving profitability is investing more heavily in staff costs-a finding consistent with the economics of information but contrary to the conventional wisdom that profitability is largely a function of minimizing cost. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 1/26/2006 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Forecasting investment needs in South Africa's electricity and telecommunications sectors (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3829
    Parallel Title: Bogetic, Željko Forecasting investment needs in South Africa's electricity and telecommunications sectors
    Keywords: Electric power ; Investments ; Telecommunication ; Electric power ; Investments ; Telecommunication
    Abstract: "The authors use a panel-data set for the period 1980-2002 to estimate demand for electricity and telecommunications services and project investment needs in South Africa through 2010 for two growth scenarios. Projections of average annual investment needs in electricity and telecommunications for the current growth scenario (3.6 percent a year) are of the order of 0.2 percent and 0.75 percent of GDP, respectively. An alternative, accelerated growth scenario (6 percent a year) implies approximate doubling of investment needs in these sectors. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 1/26/2006 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Exploring the linkages between poverty, marine protected area management, and the use of destructive fishing gear in Tanzania (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3831
    Parallel Title: Silva, Patricia Exploring the linkages between poverty, marine protected area management, and the use of destructive fishing gear in Tanzania
    Keywords: Coastal zone management ; Environmental degradation ; Fishing industry ; Poverty ; Coastal zone management ; Environmental degradation ; Fishing industry ; Poverty
    Abstract: "Coastal resources in Tanzania have come under increasing pressure over the past three decades, which has led to a significant decline in the biodiversity and productivity of coastal ecosystems. The livelihoods of coastal communities that directly depend on these resources are consequently under increasing threat and vulnerability. Marine protected areas (MPAs) are one tool for managing coastal and marine resources that have been increasingly used in Tanzania. Promotion of alternative income generating activities (AIGAs) is often a component of MPA management strategies to reduce fishing pressure and address poverty concerns. However, empirical evidence on whether these AIGAs are successful in reducing pressure on fisheries, or their impact on poverty, is scarce and inconclusive. This paper seeks to contribute to this debate by investigating the linkages between household characteristics, MPA activities, and household choice of fishing gear. The empirical analysis is based on household survey data from a sample of villages located along the coast of mainland Tanzania and Zanzibar. The author finds that some aspects of poverty increase the likelihood of using destructive fishing gear. MPAs do not directly affect household choice of fishing gear. However, households participating in AIGAs are less likely to use destructive fishing gear, suggesting that MPA support to these activities in Tanzania has a positive influence on household choice of fishing gear. The author also finds the use of destructive fishing gear is associated with higher consumption levels, whereas participation in AIGAs does not significantly affect household consumption levels. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 1/26/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Structural change and poverty reduction in Brazil : the impact of the DOHA round (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3833
    Parallel Title: Mauricio Structural change and poverty reduction in Brazil
    Keywords: Economic assistance, Domestic ; Poverty ; Structural adjustment (Economic policy) ; Economic assistance, Domestic ; Poverty ; Structural adjustment (Economic policy)
    Abstract: "Over the medium time horizon, skill upgrading, differentials in sectoral technological progress, and migration of labor out of farming activities are some of the major structural adjustment factors shaping the evolution of an economy and its connected poverty trends. The main focus of the authors is understanding, for the case of Brazil, how a trade shock interacts with these structural forces and ascertaining whether it enhances or hinders medium-term poverty reduction. In particular, they consider the interactions between the migration of labor out of agriculture, a potentially important poverty reduction factor, and trade liberalization, which increases the price incentives to stay in agriculture. A recursive-dynamic computable general equilibrium model simulates Doha scenarios and compares them against a business as usual scenario. The authors estimate the poverty effects using a microsimulation model that primarily takes into account individuals' labor supply decisions. Their analysis shows that trade liberalization does contribute to structural poverty reduction. But unless increased productivity and stronger growth rates are attributed to trade reform, its contribution to medium-term poverty reduction is rather small. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 2/6/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 52
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    Online Resource
    The impact of regional trade agreements and trade facilitation in the Middle East and North Africa region (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3837
    Parallel Title: Dennis, Allen The impact of regional trade agreements and trade facilitation in the Middle East and North Africa region
    Keywords: Trade blocs ; Trade blocs ; Trade blocs ; Trade blocs ; Africa, North Commerce ; Middle East Commerce ; Africa, North Commerce ; Middle East Commerce
    Abstract: "The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region's trade performance over the past two decades has been disappointing. Efforts to boost trade through a plethora of regional trade agreements (RTAs) are underway. This study examines the potential contribution of regional trade agreements, as well as trade facilitation improvements, in enhancing the development prospects of the region. Using the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model and database, both intra-regional integration and integration with the European Union are observed to have a favorable impact on welfare in the MENA region. The welfare gains from integrating with the European Union are observed to be at least twice as much as intra-regional integration. Furthermore, these welfare gains are observed to at least triple when the implementation of the RTAs is complemented with trade facilitation improvements. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 2/7/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 53
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    The case for industrial policy : a critical survey (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3839
    Parallel Title: Pack, Howard The case for industrial policy
    Keywords: Industrial policy ; Industrial policy
    Abstract: "What are the underlying rationales for industrial policy? Does empirical evidence support the use of industrial policy for correcting market failures that plague the process of industrialization? To address these questions, the authors provide a critical survey of the analytical literature on industrial policy. They also review some recent industry successes and argue that only a limited role was played by public interventions. Moreover, the recent ascendance of international industrial networks, which dominate the sectors in which less developed countries have in the past had considerable success, implies a further limitation on the potential role of industrial policies as traditionally understood. Overall, there appears to be little empirical support for an activist government policy even though market failures exist that can, in principle, justify the use of industrial policy. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 2/7/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 54
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    Regional subsidies and industrial prospects of lagging regions (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3843
    Parallel Title: Lall, Somik V Regional subsidies and industrial prospects of lagging regions
    Keywords: Industrial location Government policy ; Industrial location Government policy ; Brazil Economic conditions 1945- ; Regional economic disparities ; Brazil Economic conditions 1945- ; Regional economic disparities
    Abstract: "Large and sustained differences in economic performance across regions of developing countries have long provided motivation for fiscal incentives designed to encourage firm entry in lagging areas. But empirical evidence in support of these policies has been weak at best. The authors undertake a direct evaluation of the most prominent fiscal incentive policy in Brazil, the Fundos Constitucionais de Financiamento (Constitutional Funds). In doing so, they exploit valuable features of the Brazilian Ministry of Labor's RAIS data set to address two important elements of firm location decisions that have the potential to bias an assessment of the funds: (1) firm "family structure" (in particular, proximity to headquarters for vertically integrated firms), and (2) unobserved spatial heterogeneity (with the potential to confound the effects of the funds). The authors find that the pull of firm headquarters is very strong relative to the constitutional funds for vertically integrated firms, but that, with nonparametric controls for time invariant spatial heterogeneity, the funds provide significant incentives for firms in many of the targeted industries. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 2/7/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 55
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    Doha merchandise trade reform : what's at stake for developing countries ? (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3848
    Parallel Title: Anderson, Kym Doha merchandise trade reform
    Keywords: Free trade ; Tariff preferences ; Free trade ; Tariff preferences
    Abstract: "This paper provides new estimates of the global gains from multilateral trade reform and their distribution among developing countries in the presence of trade preferences. Particular attention is given to agriculture, as farmers constitute the poorest households in developing countries but are the most assisted in rich countries. The latest GTAP database (Version 6.05) and the LINKAGE model of the global economy are used to examine the impact first of current merchandise trade barriers and agricultural subsidies, and then of possible reform outcomes from the WTO's Doha Development Agenda. The results suggest moving to free global merchandise trade would boost real incomes in Sub-Saharan Africa proportionately more than in other developing countries or high-income countries, despite a terms of trade loss in parts of that region. Net farm incomes would rise substantially in that and other developing country regions, thereby alleviating rural poverty. A Doha partial liberalization could move the world some way toward those desirable outcomes, but more so the more developing countries themselves cut applied tariffs, particularly on agricultural imports. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/8/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 56
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    Do regional trade pacts benefit the poor? : an illustration from the Dominican Republic-Central American free trade agreement in Nicaragua (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3850
    Parallel Title: Bussolo, Maurizio Do regional trade pacts benefit the poor?
    Keywords: Free trade ; Income distribution ; Poverty ; Free trade ; Income distribution ; Poverty
    Abstract: "The main objective of this paper is to provide an ex-ante assessment of the poverty and income distribution impacts of the Central American Free Trade Area agreement on Nicaragua. The authors use a general equilibrium macro model to simulate trade reform scenarios and estimate their price effects, while a micro-module maps these price changes into real income changes at the individual household level. A useful insight from this analysis is that even if the final total impact on poverty is not too large, its dispersion across households-due to their heterogeneity of factor endowments, inputs use, commodity production, and consumption preferences-is significant and should be taken into account when designing compensatory policies. Additionally, growth and redistribution decomposition show that, at least in the short to medium run, redistribution can be as important as growth. The main policy message that emerges from the paper is that Nicaragua should consider enlarging its own liberalization to countries other than the United States to boost trade-induced poverty reductions. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/8/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 57
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    Creating an efficient financial system : challenges in a global economy (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3856
    Parallel Title: Beck, Thorsten Creating an efficient financial system
    Keywords: Capital market ; Financial services industry ; Globalization ; Capital market ; Financial services industry ; Globalization
    Abstract: "Financial sector development fosters economic growth and reduces poverty by widening and broadening access to finance and allocating society's savings more efficiently. The author first discusses three pillars on which sound and efficient financial systems are built: macroeconomic stability and effective and reliable contractual and informational frameworks. He then describes three different approaches to government involvement in the financial sector: the laissez-faire view, the market-failure view and the market-enabling view. Finally, the author analyzes the sequencing of financial sector reforms and discusses the benefits and challenges that emerging markets face when opening their financial systems to international capital markets. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/8/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 58
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    Trade liberalization, factor market flexibility, and growth : the case of Morocco and Tunisia (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3857
    Parallel Title: Dennis, Allen Trade liberalization, factor market flexibility, and growth
    Keywords: Morocco Commercial policy ; Tunisia Commercial policy ; Morocco Commercial policy ; Tunisia Commercial policy
    Abstract: "In recent years there has been an increasing recognition of the importance of complementary policies in enhancing the benefits of a more open trade regime. This study focuses on the importance of factor market flexibility to trade reforms. Using the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model and database, the results show that the welfare impact of trade reform is contingent on the flexibility of factor markets, with higher welfare gains occurring where factor markets are more flexible, and vice-versa. Defining two extreme factor market scenarios over Morocco and Tunisia, the author finds that the welfare gains of trade reforms under conditions of flexible factor markets can be as much as six times the gains compared with a rigid factor market scenario. This is so because whereas trade reforms may improve the incentive structure for resource reallocation, the extent to which resources move from less efficient to more efficient sectors of an economy is dependent on the degree of flexibility of factor markets. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/8/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 59
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    Incentives for public investment under fiscal rules (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3860
    Parallel Title: Mintz, Jack M Incentives for public investment under fiscal rules
    Keywords: Capital budget ; Gross domestic product ; Investment of public funds ; Capital budget ; Gross domestic product ; Investment of public funds
    Abstract: "The authors explore the relationship between fiscal rules and capital budgeting. The current budgetary approach to limit deficits to a fixed portion of GDP or to balance budgets could undermine incentives to invest in public capital with long-run returns since politicians concerned about electoral prospects would favor expenditures providing immediate benefits to their voters. An alternative budgetary approach is to separate capital from current revenues and expenditures and relax fiscal constraints by allowing governments to finance capital expenditures with debt, as suggested by the golden rule approach to capital funding. But the effect of capital budgeting would be to provide opportunities to politicians to escape the fiscal rule constraints by shifting current expenditures into capital accounts that are difficult to measure properly, thereby leading to increased borrowing. As an alternative, the authors propose a modified golden rule limiting debt finance to a proportion of the government's investment in self-liquidating assets. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/8/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 60
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    Integrated urban upgrading for the poor : the experience of Ribeira Azul, Brazil (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3861
    Parallel Title: Baker, Judy L Integrated urban upgrading for the poor
    Keywords: Community development ; Low-income housing ; Poor ; Community development ; Low-income housing ; Poor
    Abstract: "This study looks at the experience of integrated urban upgrading in a low-income neighborhood of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Infrastructure and social investments have been made in the community through a government program, with community participation playing a major role in the design and implementation. This approach is now perceived to be highly successful in terms of its implementation and positive impact on living conditions, and will provide the basis for a major state-wide program. This paper analyzes the lessons learned from the experience, with implications for scaling up as well as applications for other urban upgrading programs. Among the key issues looked at are: (1) what has worked well with the integrated urban upgrading approach and what has not; (2) how cost-effective the interventions were; (3) institutional arrangements given the multi-sectoral approach; and (4) sustainability issues of financing, tenure security, the prevention of further slum expansion, operations and maintenance, environmental sustainability, and job creation, and how they will impact on the poor over time. Key findings point to the importance of community participation, clear roles and responsibilities in institutional arrangements, the need for strong local government participation, and the high costs and challenges of providing housing for the poor. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/8/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 61
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    Bulgaria's integration into the pan-European economy and industrial restructuring (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3863
    Parallel Title: Ng, Francis Bulgaria's integration into the pan-European economy and industrial restructuring
    Keywords: Industries ; International division of labor ; Industries ; International division of labor ; Bulgaria Commerce ; European Union countries Commerce ; Bulgaria Commerce ; European Union countries Commerce
    Abstract: "This paper looks at Bulgaria's industrial restructuring through the lenses of its evolving specialization in international division of labor and integration into international markets with a special emphasis on EU markets. Its major findings can be summarized as follows: (1) Developments in Bulgaria's exports, its major drivers and factor content, during the "second transition" following the 1996 crisis have become reminiscent of developments in the early 1990s in European transition economies that have stayed the reform course. (2) The evolution of Bulgaria's total exports in terms of factor intensities before the "second transformational" recession was a testimony to aborted economic reforms. It not only defied expectations derived from the experience of CEEC-10 economies and its production factor endowments but also dramatically increased the cost of adjustment to market conditions for the economy as a whole. (3) Exports of unskilled labor-intensive products continue towering over other exports even during the current expansionary phase. The composition of top performers in EU markets indicates the shift toward natural resource and capital-intensive products. Bulgaria's export offer in EU markets has begun shifting toward more processed goods, mostly products of electro-engineering sectors. Bulgarian producers have made significant strides in information communication technology products and automotive parts. Trade in parts and engineering products has displayed strong growth. The returns usually associated with liberal reforms, that is, gains in competitiveness combined with a shift toward products in line with the country's endowments in production factors began to surface only recently. In contrast to the period preceding the second transformational recession in 1996-97, gains in competitiveness derive from corporate and industrial restructuring and not from subsidies. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/8/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 62
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    Legal knowledge and economic development : the case of land rights in Uganda (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3868
    Parallel Title: Yamano, Takashi Legal knowledge and economic development
    Keywords: Land use Government policy ; Land use Law and legislation ; Land use Government policy ; Land use Law and legislation
    Abstract: "Mixed evidence on the impact of formal title in much of Africa is often used to question the relevance of dealing with land policy issues in this continent. The authors use data from Uganda to assess the impact of a disaggregated set of rights on investment, productivity, and land values, and to test the hypothesis that individuals' lack of knowledge of the new law reduces their tenure security. Results point toward strong and positive effects of greater tenure security and transferability. Use of exogenous knowledge of its provisions as a proxy for the value of the land law suggests that this piece of legislation had major economic benefits that remain to be fully realized. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/5/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 63
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    Do minimum wages in Latin America and the Caribbean matter? : evidence from 19 countries (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3870
    Parallel Title: Cunningham, Wendy V Do minimum wages in Latin America and the Caribbean matter?
    Keywords: Income distribution ; Income distribution ; Minimum wage ; Minimum wage ; Income distribution ; Income distribution ; Minimum wage ; Minimum wage
    Abstract: "Despite the existence of minimum wage legislation in most Latin American countries, there is little empirical evidence demonstrating its impact on the distribution of wages. In this study the authors analyze cross-country data for 19 Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries to gain an understanding of if and how minimum wages affect wage distributions in LAC countries. Although there is no single minimum wage institution in the LAC region, the authors find regional trends. Minimum wages affect the wage distribution in both the formal and, especially, the informal sector, both at the minimum wage and at multiples of the minimum. The minimum does not uniformly benefit low-wage workers: in countries where the minimum wage is relatively low compared to mean wages, the minimum wage affects the more disadvantaged segments of the labor force, namely informal sector workers, women, young and older workers, and the low skilled, but in countries where the minimum wage is relatively high compared to the wage distribution, it primarily affects wages of the high skilled. This indicates that the minimum does not generally lift the wages of all, but instead, it offers a wage into which employers can "lock in" wages that are already near that level. Thus, minimum wage legislation is more far-reaching than originally thought, affecting both the uncovered informal sector and those earning above the minimum. In addition, the relative level of the minimum wage is important for determining whose wages are affected. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/5/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 64
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    The poverty impact of rural roads : evidence from Bangladesh (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3875
    Parallel Title: Bakht, Zaid The poverty impact of rural roads
    Keywords: Economic assistance, Domestic ; Public investments ; Rural roads Finance ; Economic assistance, Domestic ; Public investments ; Rural roads Finance
    Abstract: "The rationale for public investment in rural roads is that households can better exploit agricultural and nonagricultural opportunities to use labor and capital more efficiently. But significant knowledge gaps remain as to how opportunities provided by roads actually filter back into household outcomes and their distributional consequences. This paper examines the impacts of rural road projects using household-level panel data from Bangladesh. Rural road investments are found to reduce poverty significantly through higher agricultural production, higher wages, lower input and transportation costs, and higher output prices. Rural roads also lead to higher girls' and boys' schooling. Road investments are pro-poor, meaning the gains are proportionately higher for the poor than for the non-poor. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/5/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 65
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    Propensity score matching and policy impact analysis : a demonstration in eviews (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3877
    Parallel Title: Essama-Nssah, B Propensity score matching and policy impact analysis
    Keywords: Estimation theory ; Policy sciences ; Estimation theory ; Policy sciences
    Abstract: "Effective development policymaking creates a need for reliable methods of assessing effectiveness. There should be, therefore, an intimate relationship between effective policymaking and impact analysis. The goal of a development intervention defines the metric by which to assess its impact, while impact evaluation can produce reliable information on which policymakers may base decisions to modify or cancel ineffective programs and thus make the most of limited resources. This paper reviews the logic of propensity score matching (PSM) and, using data on the National Support Work Demonstration, compares that approach with other evaluation methods such as double difference, instrumental variable, and Heckman's method of selection bias correction. In addition, it demonstrates how to implement nearest-neighbor and kernel-based methods, and plot program incidence curves in E-Views. In the end, the plausibility of an evaluation method hinges critically on the correctness of the socioeconomic model underlying program design and implementation, and on the quality and quantity of available data. In any case, PSM can act as an effective adjuvant to other methods. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/5/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 66
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    Immigration to Switzerland : the case of the former republic of Yugoslavia (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3880
    Parallel Title: Gross, Dominique M Immigration to Switzerland
    Keywords: Switzerland Emigration and immigration ; Yugoslavia Emigration and immigration ; Switzerland Emigration and immigration ; Yugoslavia Emigration and immigration
    Abstract: "From less than 5 percent in 1980, the share of residents from the former Republic of Yugoslavia in the total foreign population in Switzerland rose to almost 25% in 2000, to become one of the largest foreign communities. The largest increase occurs mostly between 1985 and 1998 and represents a unique development in the composition of immigration to Switzerland, as it coincides with a new policy, which from 1995 gives priority to workers from the European Union for new permits and severely restricts work permits for migrants from the rest of the world. The empirical analysis shows that when there is no discriminatory treatment by immigration policy, immigrant workers from the former Yugoslavia respond to financial and cultural incentives in the same way as their unskilled counterparts from Southern European countries. The restriction on permit availability in the mid-1990s appears to have weakened the financial and cultural attractiveness of Switzerland for immigrants from the former Yugoslavia. This may signal a change in the characteristics of migrants from the region toward higher skill levels. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/19/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 67
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    Foreign direct investment, regulations, and growth (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3882
    Parallel Title: Busse, Matthias Foreign direct investment, regulations, and growth
    Keywords: Economic development ; Investments, Foreign ; Economic development ; Investments, Foreign
    Abstract: "This paper explores the linkage between income growth rates and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows. So far the evidence is rather mixed, as no robust relationship between FDI and income growth has been established. The authors argue that countries need a sound business environment in the form of good government regulations to be able to benefit from FDI. Using a comprehensive data set for regulations, they test this hypothesis and find evidence that excessive regulations restrict growth through FDI only in the most regulated economies. This result holds true for different specifications of the econometric model, including instrumental variable regressions. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/19/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 68
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    Rental choice and housing policy realignment in transition : post-privatization challenges in the Europe and Central Asia region (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3884
    Parallel Title: Hamilton, Ellen Rental choice and housing policy realignment in transition
    Keywords: Housing policy ; Housing policy ; Privatization ; Privatization ; Housing policy ; Housing policy ; Privatization ; Privatization
    Abstract: "Massive privatizations of housing in Europe and Central Asia transition countries have significantly reduced rental tenure choice, threatening to impede residential mobility. Policymakers are intensifying their search for adequate policy responses aimed at broadening tenure choice for more household categories through effective rental housing alternatives in the social and private sectors. While the social alternative requires substantial and well-balanced subsidies, the private alternative will not grow unless rent, management, and tax reforms are boldly implemented and housing privatization truly completed. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/19/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 69
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    The microeconomics of creating productive jobs : a synthesis of firm-level studies in transition economies (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3886
    Parallel Title: Earle, John S The microeconomics of creating productive jobs
    Keywords: Manpower policy Case studies ; Privatization Case studies ; Unemployment Case studies ; Manpower policy Case studies ; Privatization Case studies ; Unemployment Case studies
    Abstract: "The challenge for labor market policy in the transition economies has been to redress the sharp drops in employment and rises in unemployment in a way that fosters the creation of productive jobs. The authors first document the magnitude and productivity of job and worker reallocation. Then they investigate the effects of privatization, product and labor market liberalization, and obstacles to growth in the new private sector on reallocation and its productivity in Hungary, Romania, Russia, and Ukraine. The authors find that market reform has resulted in a large increase in the pace of job reallocation, particularly that occurring between sectors and through firm turnover. Unlike under central planning, the job reallocation during the transition has contributed significantly to aggregate productivity growth. Privatization has not only stimulated intrasectoral job reallocation, but the reallocation is more productive than that among remaining state firms. The effect of privatization on firm productivity varies considerably across countries and is not always positive. The productivity gains from privatization have generally not come at the expense of workers but are rather associated with increased wages and employment. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/19/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 70
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    Protection, openness, and factor adjustment : evidence from the manufacturing sector in Uruguay (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
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    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3891
    Parallel Title: Casacuberta, Carlos Protection, openness, and factor adjustment
    Keywords: Free trade ; Structural adjustment (Economic policy) ; Tariff ; Free trade ; Structural adjustment (Economic policy) ; Tariff
    Abstract: "The authors use a panel of manufacturing firms to analyze the adjustment process in capital blue collar and white collar employment in Uruguay during a period of trade liberalization when average tariff protection fell from 43 to 14 percent. They calculate the desired factor levels arising from a counterfactual profit maximization in the absence of adjustment costs, generating a measure of factor shortages or surpluses. The average estimated output gap for 1982-95 is 2 percent. The authors' policy analysis shows that trade openness affected the adjustment functions of all three factors of production. Highly protected sectors adjust less when creating jobs (reducing labor shortages) than sectors with low protection. This may be due to fears of policy reversal in highly protected sectors. Also, highly protected sectors adjust more easily (than low protection sectors) when destroying jobs (reducing labor surpluses), especially in the case of blue collar labor. This suggests that trade protection may in fact destroy rather than create jobs within industries, as firms in highly protected sectors are more reluctant to hire and more ready to fire than firms in sectors with low protection. The results for capital are qualitatively similar but quantitatively smaller, suggesting that trade protection plays less of a role in explaining adjustment costs for capital. Interestingly, export-oriented sectors have lower adjustment costs for blue collar labor but not for white collar employment or capital, suggesting that export-led growth may be particularly successful in reducing blue collar unemployment. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/19/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 71
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    Addressing China's growing water shortages and associated social and environmental consequences (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3895
    Parallel Title: Shalizi, Zmarak Addressing China's growing water shortages and associated social and environmental consequences
    Keywords: Water resources development ; Water resources development ; China Economic conditions 1976-2000 ; China Economic conditions 2000- ; China Economic conditions 1976-2000 ; China Economic conditions 2000-
    Abstract: "China has experienced a wide-scale and rapid transformation from an agricultural based economy to the manufacturing workshop of the world. The associated relocation of the population from relatively low density rural areas to very high density urban areas is having a significant impact on the quantity and quality of water available as inputs into the production and consumption process, as well as the ability of the water system to absorb and neutralize the waste byproducts deposited into it. Water shortages are most severe in the north of the country, where surface water diversion is excessive and groundwater is being depleted. In addition, the quality of water is deteriorating because of pollution, thereby aggravating existing water shortages. The biggest challenge ahead will be for national and local governments to craft policies and rules within China's complex cultural and legal administrative system that provide incentives for users to increase efficiency of water use, and for polluters to clean up the water they use and return clean water to stream flows. Using a standard public economics framework, water requirements for public goods-such as ecosystem needs-should be set aside first, before allocating property rights in water (to enable water markets to function and generate efficient allocation signals). Even then, water markets will have to be regulated to ensure public goods, such as public health, are not compromised. Until water markets are implemented, staying the course on increasing water and wastewater prices administratively and encouraging water conservation are necessary to reduce the wasting of current scarce water resources, as well as the new water supplies to be provided in the future. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/19/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 72
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    International financial integration through the law of one price (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3897
    Parallel Title: Schmukler, Sergio L International financial integration through the law of one price
    Keywords: International economic integration ; International finance ; International economic integration ; International finance
    Abstract: "The authors argue that the cross-market premium (the ratio between the domestic and the international market price of cross-listed stocks) provides a valuable measure of international financial integration, reflecting accurately the factors that segment markets and inhibit price arbitrage. Applying to equity markets recent methodological developments in the purchasing power parity literature, they show that nonlinear Threshold Autoregressive (TAR) models properly capture the behavior of the cross market premium. The estimates reveal the presence of narrow non-arbitrage bands and indicate that price differences outside these bands are rapidly arbitraged away, much faster than what has been documented for good markets. Moreover, the authors find that financial integration increases with market liquidity. Capital controls, when binding, contribute to segment financial markets by widening the non-arbitrage bands and making price disparities more persistent. Crisis episodes are associated with higher volatility, rather than by more persistent deviations from the law of one price. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/24/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 73
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    Strengthening governance through engaged societies : lessons from the implementation of poverty reduction strategies (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3898
    Parallel Title: Sharkey, Katrina Strengthening governance through engaged societies
    Keywords: Economic assistance, Domestic ; Poverty Government policy ; Economic assistance, Domestic ; Poverty Government policy
    Abstract: "In December 1999, the Boards of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund approved a new approach to their relations with low-income countries. The approach was centered around the development and implementation of Poverty Reduction Strategies (PRS), which are intended to be country-driven and medium- to long-term in perspective, comprehensive and results-oriented, partnership-oriented, and built on broad-based participation. Against this tall order of business, experience to date has been varied, and much debate is ongoing on whether the approach can be considered more than "old wine in new bottles." This paper-based on the results of a thorough review of the five-year implementation experience-examines the implementation of the PRS approach from the point of view of participation and accountability. For some 50 countries adopting the approach since 1999, it discusses the factors which can facilitate the development of accountability and participatory governance mechanisms. Lessons learned from distinct country circumstances are analyzed, arguing that ownership of the PRS depends on the way countries and their external donor partners handle real tensions in the relationship between country ownership on the one hand, and perceptions of internationally-driven prescriptions on the other. The central message of the paper is that in several countries the PRS initiative has helped open up societies to forms of dialogue and contestability not previously experienced in-country or observed by external partners. This positive outcome, however, has been largely influenced by the extent to which the PRS process has reinforced existing trends and strengthened institutions already prone to open discussion of policy choices. The paper also shows that even in the best cases change has, to date, been largely in the area of process and that impact of participatory governance on policymaking, while emerging, is still a work in progress. The paper concludes with recommendations for how developing country societies might sustain real achievements in participatory governance and domestic accountability going forward, with external partners playing a key supportive role through harmonization and alignment. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/25/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 74
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    Political institutions, inequality, and agricultural growth : the public expenditure connection (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3902
    Parallel Title: Lederman, Daniel Political institutions, inequality, and agricultural growth
    Keywords: Income distribution ; Subsidies ; Income distribution ; Subsidies ; Latin America Appropriations and expenditures ; Latin America Appropriations and expenditures
    Abstract: "This paper brings together the literatures on the political economy of public expenditures and the determinants of economic growth. Based on a new dataset of rural public expenditures in a panel of Latin American economies, the econometric evidence suggests that non-social subsidies reduce agricultural GDP. Furthermore, the evidence suggests that political and institutional factors as well as income inequality are determinants of the size and structure of rural public expenditures, through which they have large and significant effects on agricultural GDP. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/24/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 75
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    Trends in tariff reforms and trends in wage inequality (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3905
    Parallel Title: Galiano, Sebastian Trends in tariff reforms and trends in wage inequality
    Keywords: Free trade ; Income distribution ; Wages ; Free trade ; Income distribution ; Wages
    Abstract: "The authors provide new evidence on the impacts of trade reforms on wages and wage inequality in developing countries. While most of the current literature on the topic achieves identification by comparing outcomes before and after one episode of trade liberalization across industries, they propose a stronger identifying strategy. The authors explore the recent historical record of policy changes adopted by Argentina: from significant protection in the early 1970s, to the first episode of liberalization during the late 1970s, back to a slowdown of reforms during the 1980s, to the second episode of liberalization in the 1990s. These swings in trade policy comprise broken trends in trade reforms that they can compare with observed trends in wages and wage inequality. After setting up unusual historical data sets of trends in tariffs, trends in wages, and trends in wage inequality, the evidence supports two well-known hypotheses: trade liberalization, other things being equal, (1) has reduced wages, and (2) has increased wage inequality. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 76
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    Trade and harmonization : if your institutions are good, does it matter if they are different ? (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3907
    Parallel Title: Reshef, Ariell Trade and harmonization
    Keywords: Infrastructure (Economics) ; International trade ; Infrastructure (Economics) ; International trade
    Abstract: "Good institutional quality (function) and similar institutional design (form) can promote international trade by reducing transactions costs. The authors evaluate the relative importance of function versus form in a gravity model, using an indicator of different legal systems as a proxy for differences in form, together with indicators of overall institutional quality. They find that good institutions promote trade much more than similar legal systems and have much more explanatory power. This effect is economically large-up to 10 times the effect of different legal systems. Moreover, better infrastructure matters as much as good institutions. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 77
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    Trading on time (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3909
    Parallel Title: Djankov, Simeon Trading on time
    Keywords: International trade ; Time Economic aspects ; International trade ; Time Economic aspects
    Abstract: "The authors determine how time delays affect international trade using newly collected World Bank data on the days it takes to move standard cargo from the factory gate to the ship in 126 countries. They estimate a modified gravity equation, controlling for endogeneity and remoteness. On average, each additional day that a product is delayed prior to being shipped reduces trade by at least 1 percent. Put differently, each day is equivalent to a country distancing itself from its trade partners by 70 kilometers on average. Delays have an even greater impact on developing country exports and exports of time-sensitive goods, such as perishable agricultural products. In particular, a day's delay reduces a country's relative exports of time-sensitive to time-insensitive agricultural goods by 6 percent. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/10/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 78
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    Evaluating fiscal equalization in Indonesia (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3911
    Parallel Title: Kaiser, Kai Evaluating fiscal equalization in Indonesia
    Keywords: Decentralization in government ; Intergovernmental fiscal relations ; Decentralization in government ; Intergovernmental fiscal relations
    Abstract: "This paper presents a methodology to evaluate fiscal decentralization focusing on the potential mis-targeting of intergovernmental fiscal equalization transfers. The approach builds on an explicit comparison and the summary measurement of different (horizontal) allocation distributions across states or localities. Whereas formula-based fiscal transfers have the merit of being transparent and promoting revenue predictability in fiscal decentralization, in practice, two challenges emerge: (1) What are the appropriate formula designs given the sub-national data constraints evident in most decentralizing developing countries? and (2) How costly in terms of mis-targeting to the presumed expenditure needs and fiscal capacity are deviations from these types of benchmark formulas (for example, due to historical factors or the need to meet establishment costs such as civil service wages)? The authors illustrate this approach by assessing Indonesia's evolving intergovernmental fiscal system instituted in the 2001 Big Bang decentralization. The discussion comes against Indonesia's recent policy decision to fully fund sub-national civil servant wages as part of the base general allocation grant (DAU) transfers, raising questions about both incentive effects for local governments and potential mis-targeting. The authors identify potential efficiency losses from the DAU's horizontal misallocation from half a dozen alternative scenarios found in the policy dialogue, ranging from 9 to 30 percent-on the order of US
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/10/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 79
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    Will consolidation improve sub-national governments ? (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3913
    Parallel Title: Fox, William F Will consolidation improve sub-national governments ?
    Keywords: Economies of scale ; Local government Case studies ; Economies of scale ; Local government Case studies
    Abstract: "Local government size varies dramatically around the world. In Sudan, Cote d'Ivoire, and the United Kingdom, municipalities average more than 125,000 people. Those in many European countries have less than 10,000 people. Countries often consider consolidation of local governments as a means to lower service delivery costs, improve service quality, enhance accountability, improve equity, or expand participation in government. The authors review a number of theoretical arguments and empirical findings concerning the size of sub-national governments. Countries should not presume that amalgamation will solve problems because benefits and costs are situation specific. Success depends on many factors, including getting incentives right for the various players and managing the transition properly. The effects on costs must be examined in terms of all changes occurring with consolidation, including geographic size. Size economies appear service specific and are most likely to result for infrastructure intensive services such as water and sewerage. Size economies are less likely for services such as education that are provided in numerous small production units near the population. Also, the potential for savings depends on other factors, such as willingness to eliminate redundant workers. Consolidation reduces the potential for local government competition, which appears to enhance service quality but not necessarily overall government size. There is some evidence that citizens are more willing to be involved in larger governments, but trust may fall with government size. Larger governments can improve regional planning by handling problems with a broader geographic perspective and giving the government more influence with national policymakers. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/10/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 80
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    Rural-urban migration in developing countries : a survey of theoretical predictions and empirical findings (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3915
    Parallel Title: Lall, Somik V Rural-urban migration in developing countries
    Keywords: Migration, Internal ; Rural-urban migration ; Migration, Internal ; Rural-urban migration
    Abstract: "The migration of labor from rural to urban areas is an important part of the urbanization process in developing countries. Even though it has been the focus of abundant research over the past five decades, some key policy questions have not found clear answers yet. To what extent is internal migration a desirable phenomenon and under what circumstances? Should governments intervene and, if so, with what types of interventions? What should be their policy objectives? To shed light on these important issues, the authors survey the existing theoretical models and their conflicting policy implications and discuss the policies that may be justified based on recent relevant empirical studies. A key limitation is that much of the empirical literature does not provide structural tests of the theoretical models, but only provides partial findings that can support or invalidate intuitions and in that sense, support or invalidate the policy implications of the models. The authors' broad assessment of the literature is that migration can be beneficial or at least be turned into a beneficial phenomenon so that in general migration restrictions are not desirable. They also identify some data issues and research topics which merit further investigation. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/17/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 81
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    The world trade organization's Doha cotton initiative : a tale of two issues (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3918
    Parallel Title: Anderson, Kym The world trade organization's Doha cotton initiative
    Keywords: World Trade Organization ; World Trade Organization ; Cotton trade ; Cotton trade
    Abstract: "Four West African nations have demanded that the World Trade Organization's Doha Development Agenda include a Cotton Initiative that involves two issues: cutting cotton subsidies and tariffs, and assisting farm productivity growth in Africa. The authors provide estimates of the potential economic impacts of (1) complete or partial removal of cotton subsidies and import tariffs globally, and (2) cotton productivity growth through the adoption of genetically modified (GM) cotton varieties. They use the latest version of the GTAP database and model. Their results confirm that-unlike for other agricultural subsidies and tariffs-for cotton it is subsidy reductions rather than tariff cuts that would make by far the largest impact. For Sub-Saharan Africa the potential gains are huge relative to the effects on that region of reforming other merchandise trade policies. And they could be more than doubled if that reform provided the cash for farmers to take advantage of the biotechnology revolution and adopt GM cotton varieties. But those potential gains, and the affordability of switching to costly GM seed, depend crucially on the extent to which high-income countries are willing to lower domestic support to their cotton farmers. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/17/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 82
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    Public-private sector wage differentials and returns to education in Djibouti (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3923
    Parallel Title: Anás Casero, Paloma Public-private sector wage differentials and returns to education in Djibouti
    Keywords: Civil service Salaries, etc ; Educational attainment ; Civil service Salaries, etc ; Educational attainment
    Abstract: "Do public sector workers earn a wage premium in Djibouti and are the returns to education different across the sectors? The authors estimate private and public sector wage earnings using 1996 household survey data, while controlling for selectivity using Heckman's two stage approach. They find that Djiboutian public sector employees earn a wage premium, independent of their personal attributes and human capital endowments, and are more likely to be males and have parents in the public sector. Workers in the public sector earn higher private rates of return to education than do private sector workers with post-secondary schooling. These results raise concerns about current government hiring and wage-setting practices that generate distortions in the labor market and are not efficiently allocating labor and public resources. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/17/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 83
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    An empirical analysis of the annuity rate in Chile (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3929
    Parallel Title: Rocha, Roberto Rezende An empirical analysis of the annuity rate in Chile
    Keywords: Annuities ; Annuities
    Abstract: "Empirical analyses of annuities markets have been limited to a few industrial countries and restricted by data limitations. Chile provides excellent conditions for research on annuities because of the depth of its market and the availability of data. The authors use a panel of life insurance company data to examine econometrically the main determinants of the annuity rate, defined as the internal rate of return on annuities. The results indicate that the annuity rate is determined by the risk-free interest rate, the share of privately-issued higher yield securities in the portfolio of providers as a proxy for the spread over the risk-free rate, the leverage of providers, the level of broker's commissions, the market share of individual providers, the level of the premium, and the degree of market competition. The results also show that efforts to improve market transparency produced structural shifts in the parameters of the annuity rate equation. The results are consistent with separate research on money's worth ratios, and indicate the need to develop appropriate financial instruments, allowing providers to hedge their risks while extracting higher returns, and also to ensure competition and transparency in annuities markets, in order to ensure good outcomes for annuitants. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 9/1/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 84
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    Welfare measurement bias in household and on-site surveying of water-based recreation : an application to Lake Sevan, Armenia (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3932
    Parallel Title: Meisner, Craig Welfare measurement bias in household and on-site surveying of water-based recreation
    Keywords: Consumption (Economics) Statistical methods ; Household surveys Statistical methods ; Consumption (Economics) Statistical methods ; Household surveys Statistical methods ; Sevan Lake (Armenia) ; Sevan Lake (Armenia)
    Abstract: "Studies comparing household surveys with on-site interceptor surveys have typically accounted for over-sampling avid users in the on-site interceptor surveys (that is, endogenous stratification). However, these studies have typically not accounted for the possibility that the household sample may contain a large presence of zero observations. If a large proportion of the population does not recreate at the site for any value of the price vector, this inflation of zero observations leads to biased welfare estimates and an inadequate comparison with the on-site survey. In this paper, the authors estimate and compare three models which correct for these measurement issues in both the household and on-site surveys. Results from an application to recreation at Lake Sevan (Armenia) indicate that household consumers' surplus is not statistically different from that of the on-site survey once the authors account for zero-inflation in the household sample and endogenous stratification in the on-site sample. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/30/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 85
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    Earthquake vulnerability reduction program in Colombia : a probabilistic cost-benefit analysis (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3939
    Parallel Title: Ghesquiere, Francis Earthquake vulnerability reduction program in Colombia
    Keywords: Cost effectiveness ; Earthquakes ; Risk ; Cost effectiveness ; Earthquakes ; Risk
    Abstract: "Cost-benefit analysis is a standard tool for determining the efficiency of planned projects. But one of the major difficulties in risk mitigation investments is that benefits are by nature uncertain. In this context, the standard approach relying on the average value of benefits may provide an incomplete picture of the efficiency of the risk mitigation project under consideration. This paper presents a probabilistic cost-benefit analysis relying on a catastrophe risk model. It produces risk metrics such as the exceedance probability curve of the benefit-cost ratio, thus providing the decisionmaker with a more complete risk analysis of the net benefits of the project. This is illustrated with the earthquake vulnerability reduction project in Colombia. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/30/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 86
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    Market access, supplier access, and Africa's manufactured exports : an analysis of the role of geography and institutions (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3942
    Parallel Title: Elbadawi, Ibrahim Market access, supplier access, and Africa's manufactured exports
    Keywords: Business enterprises ; Exports ; Business enterprises ; Exports
    Abstract: "In a large cross-country sample of manufacturing establishments drawn from 188 cities, average exports per establishment are smaller for African firms than for businesses in other regions. The authors show that this is mainly because, on average, African firms face more adverse economic geography and operate in poorer institutional settings. Once they control for the quality of institutions and economic geography, what in effect is a negative African dummy disappears from the firm level exports equation they estimate. One part of the effect of geography operates through Africa's lower "foreign market access:" African firms are located further away from wealthier or denser potential export markets. A second occurs through the region's lower "supplier access:" African firms face steeper input prices, partly because of their physical distance from cheaper foreign suppliers, and partly because domestic substitutes for importable inputs are more expensive. Africa's poorer institutions reduce its manufactured exports directly, as well as indirectly, by lowering foreign market access and supplier access. Both geography and institutions influence average firm level exports significantly more through their effect on the number of exporters than through their impact on how much each exporter sells in foreign markets. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/30/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 87
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    Subnational fiscal sustainability analysis : what can we learn from Tamil Nadu ? (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3947
    Parallel Title: Ianchovichina, Elena Subnational fiscal sustainability analysis
    Keywords: Fiscal policy ; Fiscal policy
    Abstract: "In the late 1990s the Indian state of Tamil Nadu experienced an unprecedented fiscal deterioration, which was part of the widespread fiscal deterioration in Indian states. This deterioration was troubling because current expenditure outgrew total revenue, leaving little fiscal space for infrastructure spending. The paper presents a framework for subnational fiscal sustainability analysis and applies it to Tamil Nadu where subsequent fiscal adjustment has been ambitious and politically challenging, but has promised to put state finance on a sustainable path and create fiscal space for infrastructure investment. The paper emphasizes the differences between fiscal sustainability analysis at the national and subnational levels, attempts to take into account uncertainty, and discusses the key components of the state's fiscal accounts and how they respond to reforms and shocks. Risks to Tamil Nadu's fiscal outlook include interest rate shocks, pressures on the primary balance, and contingent liabilities. Though the state's efforts to remove constraints to economic growth, minimize recurrent expenditures and maximize its revenue potential will be critical for fiscal sustainability, national policies feature prominently in subnational fiscal adjustment. Tamil Nadu's quest for fiscal sustainability is relevant for other countries. Decentralization has given subnational governments in developing countries significant spending and taxation responsibilities, and the capacity to incur debt. The fiscal stress of the Indian states echoed the fiscal crises of subnational governments in several other major emerging economies. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/28/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 88
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    Regional approaches to better standards systems (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3948
    Parallel Title: Aldaz-Carroll, Enrique Regional approaches to better standards systems
    Keywords: Latin America Commercial treaties ; Latin America Economic integration ; Latin America Commercial treaties ; Latin America Economic integration
    Abstract: "Developing countries face an increasing need to upgrade the standards of their domestic markets and of their exports. This paper examines different approaches available to them for upgrading their standards and conformity assessment procedures. It focuses particularly on those followed within the context of regional trade agreements (RTAs), as these are yielding promising results. Based on interviews performed in Latin America and on previous literature, the paper draws common features of a RTA standard and conformity assessment upgrading and harmonization process, identifies some of its main challenges, and suggests principles that developing countries could follow in such a process. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/28/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 89
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    Services policies in transition economies : on the European Union and the World Trade Organization as commitment mechanisms (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3951
    Parallel Title: Eschenbach, Felix Services policies in transition economies
    Keywords: European Union ; World Trade Organization ; European Union ; World Trade Organization ; Free trade ; Service industries ; Free trade ; Service industries
    Abstract: "The authors analyze the extent to which the EU-15 and 16 transition economies used the WTO General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) to commit to service sector policy reforms. They compare GATS commitments with the evolution of actual policy stances over time. While there is substantial variance across transition economies on both actual policies and GATS commitments, the authors find an inverse relationship between the depth of GATS commitments and the "quality" of actual services policies as assessed by the private sector. In part this can be explained by the fact that the prospect of EU accession makes GATS less relevant as a commitment device for a subset of transition economies. But for many of the non-EU accession candidates, the WTO seems to be a weak commitment device. One explanation is that the small size of the markets concerned generates weak external enforcement incentives. The authors' findings suggest greater collective investment by WTO members in monitoring and the need for transparency to increase the benefits of WTO membership to small countries. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/28/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 90
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    Discordant couples : HIV infection among couples in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana,Kenya, and Tanzania (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3956
    Parallel Title: Walque, Damien de Discordant couples
    Keywords: HIV infections Case studies ; Husband and wife Case studies ; HIV infections Case studies ; Husband and wife Case studies
    Abstract: "Most analyses of the determinants of HIV infection are performed at the individual level. The recent Demographic and Health Surveys which include results from HIV tests allow studying HIV infection at the level of the cohabiting couple. The paper exploits this feature of the data for Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya, and Tanzania. The analysis yields two surprising findings about the dynamics of the HIV/AIDS epidemic which have important implications for policy. First, at least two-thirds of the infected couples are discordant couples, that is, couples where only one of the two partners is infected. This implies that there is scope for prevention efforts among couples. Second, between 30 and 40 percent of the infected couples are couples where the female partner only is infected. This is at odds with levels of self-reported marital infidelity by females and with the common perception that unfaithful males are the main link between high risk groups and the general population. This study investigates and confirms the robustness of these findings. For example, even among couples where the woman has been in only one union for 10 years or more, the fraction of couples where only the female partner is infected remains high. These results suggest that extramarital sexual activity among cohabiting women, whatever its causes, is a substantial source of vulnerability to HIV that should be, as much as male infidelity, targeted by prevention efforts. Moreover, this paper uncovers several inconsistencies between the sexual behaviors reported by male and female partners, suggesting that as much as possible, prevention policies should rely on evidence including objectively measured HIV status. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/23/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 91
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    The impact of energy price changes in Moldova (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3960
    Parallel Title: Baclajanschi, Iaroslav The impact of energy price changes in Moldova
    Keywords: Households Economic aspects ; Natural gas ; Households Economic aspects ; Natural gas
    Abstract: "In January 2006 the price of natural gas supplied to Moldova increased from
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/23/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 92
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    Online Resource
    How will China's saving-investment balance evolve ? (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3958
    Parallel Title: Kuijs, Louis How will China's saving-investment balance evolve ?
    Keywords: Saving and investment ; Saving and investment
    Abstract: "This paper investigates how China's saving, investment, and saving-investment balance will evolve in the decades ahead. Household saving in China is relatively high compared with OECD countries. However, much of China's high economywide saving, and the difference between China and other countries, are due to unusually high enterprise and government saving. Moreover, cross-country empirical analysis shows that economywide saving and investment in China are higher than what would be expected, even adjusting for differences in economic structure. Combined, these findings suggest that much of China's high saving is the result of policies particular to China. Looking ahead, the econometric results suggest that purely on the basis of projected structural developments-including development, changes in economic structure, urbanization, and demographics-saving and investment would both decline only mildly in the coming two decades, with ambiguous impact on the current account surplus. However, the potential effect on saving, investment, and the saving-investment balance of several policy adjustments could be large. Several of these policies are identified and their likely impact assessed and quantified. This exercise suggests that rebalancing along these lines should reduce both saving and the current account surplus over time, although the surplus is unlikely to turn into a deficit soon. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/23/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 93
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    Untangling the maze of European Union funds to Bulgaria (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3962
    Parallel Title: Vincelette, Gallina Andronova Untangling the maze of European Union funds to Bulgaria
    Keywords: European Union ; European Union ; Balance of payments ; Budget ; Balance of payments ; Budget
    Abstract: "The paper presents a fiscal estimate of Bulgaria's perspective European Union (EU) membership. The projected EU funds have two distinct effects: first, there is the overall effect on the balance of payments of the country; and second, there is the pure effect on the national budget. The paper concludes that Bulgaria is likely to benefit from large net inflows of resources of an average of 3.7 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2007-09. In contrast, its fiscal position is expected to deteriorate by 1.6 percent of GDP on average in 2007-09 if no expenditure restructuring of the fiscal framework is carried out. The expected deterioration of the public finances related to EU accession would be due to co-financing requirements, national contributions to the EU budget, and possible full pre-financing of the EU direct payments to Bulgarian farmers in the first year of accession. However, the above expenditures will be partly offset by the budgetary compensation allocated out of the EU budget, savings from agricultural subsidies, and shifting of certain public expenditures to Cohesion Fund-supported projects. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/23/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 94
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    Can information campaigns spark local participation and improve outcomes? : a study of primary education in Uttar Pradesh, India (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3967
    Parallel Title: Banerjee, Abhijit Can information campaigns spark local participation and improve outcomes?
    Keywords: Advertising campaigns ; Public schools ; School management and organization Decsion making ; Advertising campaigns ; Public schools ; School management and organization Decsion making
    Abstract: "There is a growing belief in development policy circles that participation by local communities in basic service delivery can promote development outcomes. A central plank of public policy for improving primary education services in India is the participation of village education committees (VECs), consisting of village government leaders, parents, and teachers. The authors report findings from a survey in the state of Uttar Pradesh, of public schools, households, and VEC members, on the status of education services and the extent of community participation in the public delivery of education services. They find that parents do not know that a VEC exists, sometimes even when they are supposed to be members of it; VEC members are unaware of even key roles they are empowered to play in education services; and public participation in improving education is negligible, and correspondingly, people's ranking of education on a list of village priorities is low. Large numbers of children in the villages have not acquired basic competency in reading, writing, and arithmetic. Yet parents, teachers, and VEC members seem not to be fully aware of the scale of the problem, and seem not to have given much thought to the role of public agencies in improving outcomes. Learning failures coexist with public apathy to improving it through public action. Can local participation be sparked through grassroots campaigns that inform communities about the VEC and its role in local service delivery? Can such local participation actually affect learning outcomes, and can any impact be sustained? The authors describe information and advocacy campaigns that have been experimentally implemented to address some of the problems with local participation, and future research plans to evaluate their impact. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/21/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 95
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    Do reorganization costs matter for efficiency? : evidence from a bankruptcy reform in Colombia (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3970
    Parallel Title: Gine, Xavier Do reorganization costs matter for efficiency?
    Keywords: Bankruptcy ; Bankruptcy
    Abstract: "The authors study the effect of reorganization costs on the efficiency of bankruptcy laws. They develop a simple model that predicts that in a regime with high costs, the law fails to achieve the efficient outcome of liquidating unviable businesses and reorganizing viable ones. The authors test the model using the Colombian bankruptcy reform of 1999. Using data from 1,924 firms filing for bankruptcy between 1996 and 2003, they find that the pre-reform reorganization proceeding was so inefficient that it failed to separate economically viable firms from inefficient ones. In contrast, by substantially lowering reorganization costs, the reform improved the selection of viable firms into reorganization. In this sense, the new law increased the efficiency of the bankruptcy system in Colombia. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/21/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 96
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    The value of mortality risk reductions in Delhi, India (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3995
    Parallel Title: Bhattacharya, Soma The value of mortality risk reductions in Delhi, India
    Keywords: Life expectancy Econometric models ; Mortality Econometric models ; Traffic accidents Econometric models ; Life expectancy Econometric models ; Mortality Econometric models ; Traffic accidents Econometric models
    Abstract: "The authors interviewed commuters in Delhi, India, asking them to report their willingness to pay (WTP) to reduce their risk of dying in road traffic accidents in each of three scenarios that mirror the circumstances under which the majority of the road fatalities in Delhi occur. The WTP responses are internally valid, in the sense that WTP increases with the size of the risk reduction, income, and exposure to road traffic risks, as measured by length of commute and whether the respondent drives a two-wheeler. As a result, the "value of a statistical life" (VSL) is individuated-that is, it varies across groups of beneficiaries. For the most likely beneficiaries of road safety programs-the most highly exposed individuals-the VSL is about 150,000 PPP
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 9/6/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 97
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    The African Growth and Opportunity Act, exports, and development in Sub-Saharan Africa (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3996
    Parallel Title: Brenton, Paul The African Growth and Opportunity Act, exports, and development in Sub-Saharan Africa
    Keywords: Africa, Sub-Saharan Commerce ; United States Commerce ; Africa, Sub-Saharan Commerce ; United States Commerce
    Abstract: "The African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) is the flagship of U.S. commercial and development policy with Sub-Saharan Africa. This paper looks at the impact of the trade preferences that are the central element of AGOA on African countries' exports to the U.S. and puts them in the perspective of the development of the region. The paper finds that, while stimulating export diversification in a few countries, AGOA has fallen short of the potential impetus that preferences could otherwise provide African exporters. The impact of AGOA would be enhanced if preferences were extended to all products. This means removing tariff barriers to a range of agricultural products and to textiles and a number of other manufactured goods. There also needs to be a fundamental change in approach to the rules of origin. Given the stage of development and economic size of Sub-Saharan Africa, nonrestrictive rules of origin are crucial. For all countries in Africa, those that have and those that have not benefited from preferences, there are enormous infrastructure weaknesses and often extremely poor policy environments that raise trade costs and push African producers further away from international markets. Effective trade preferences (those with nonrestrictive rules of origin) can provide a limited window of opportunity to exports while these key barriers to trade are addressed. But dealing with the barriers is the priority. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 9/6/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 98
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    Local inequality and project choice : theory and evidence from Ecuador (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3997
    Parallel Title: Araujo, M. Caridad Local inequality and project choice
    Keywords: Income distribution ; Infrastructure (Economics) ; Public investments ; Income distribution ; Infrastructure (Economics) ; Public investments
    Abstract: "This paper provides evidence consistent with elite capture of Social Fund investment projects in Ecuador. Exploiting a unique combination of data-sets on village-level income distributions, Social Fund project administration, and province level electoral results, the authors test a simple model of project choice when local political power is unequally distributed. In accordance with the predictions of the model, poorer villages are more likely to receive projects that provide excludable (private) goods to the poor, such as latrines. Controlling for poverty, more unequal communities are less likely to receive such projects. Consistent with the hypothesis of elite capture, these results are sensitive to the specific measure of inequality used in the empirical analysis, and are strongest for expenditure shares at the top of the distribution. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 9/6/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 99
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    The quality of fiscal adjustment and the long-run growth impact of fiscal policy in Brazil (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4004
    Parallel Title: Blanco, Fernando The quality of fiscal adjustment and the long-run growth impact of fiscal policy in Brazil
    Keywords: Fiscal policy ; Fiscal policy ; Brazil Appropriations and expenditures ; Brazil Appropriations and expenditures
    Abstract: "The authors describe the main trends of Brazil's fiscal policy during the past decade and analyze (1) the ability to raise the primary surplus in response to external shocks, (2) the pro-cyclical nature of fiscal policy, and (3) the long-run impact of government expenditure composition and taxation. They analyze the use of the primary balance as a policy tool within the Drudi-Prati model, wherein the government uses the primary balance to reveal its commitment to service its debt. The authors verify that both the debt ratio and the primary balance are determinants of spreads and credit ratings in Brazil. But the relationship is nonlinear: the impact of the primary balance on spreads is amplified as the debt ratio increases. Using an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach, the authors analyze the relationship between the primary balance and economic activity, finding a positive correlation in the long run. However, in the short run fiscal expansions are associated with primary balance reductions and vice-versa during output contractions, confirming the procyclical nature of fiscal policy in the short run. The authors use two approaches, ARDL and a cointegrating value at risk (VAR), to analyze the interaction between public expenditure composition and taxation on growth. Similar results are obtained: large elasticities of output with respect to capital stocks, a significant negative impact of taxation on long-run GDP, and a negative impact of increasing government consumption and transfer payments on GDP. These results shed light on the contribution of fiscal policy to disappointing growth performance in Brazil during the past decade. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 9/6/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 100
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    The Little Data Book on Africa 2006 (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821367048 , 9780821367056 , 9780821367049
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (124 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.] World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Africa Development Indicators
    DDC: 338.96
    Keywords: Economic indicators ; Social indicators ; Africa Statistics Social conditions 1960- ; Africa Statistics Economic conditions 1960-
    Abstract: A pocket-sized reference on key development data for over 50 countries in Africa, this book provides profiles of each country with 54 development indicators about people, environment, economy, technology, infrastructure, trade and finance. A must have for anyone interested in today's development challenges in sub-Saharan Africa
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