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  • Online Resource  (1,204)
  • 2010-2014  (1,204)
  • 2013  (1,204)
  • Boston, MA : Safari  (622)
  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank  (582)
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  • Online Resource  (1,204)
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  • 2010-2014  (1,204)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : CRC Press | Boston, MA : Safari
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (954 pages)
    Edition: 2nd edition
    Keywords: Information technology ; Security measures ; Computer security ; Management ; Computer networks ; Security measures ; Data protection ; Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: The concept of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) has undergone dramatic changes over the last several decades since C. Ray Jeffery coined the term in the early 1970s, and Tim Crowe wrote the first CPTED applications book. The second edition of 21st Century Security and CPTED includes the latest theory, knowledge, and practice of CPTED as it relates to the current security threats facing the modern world: theft, violent crime, terrorism, gang activity, and school and workplace violence. This significantly expanded edition includes the latest coverage of proper lighting, building design-both the interior and exterior-physical security barriers, the usage of fencing, bollards, natural surveillance, landscaping, and landscape design. Such design concepts and security elements can be applied to address a wide variety of threats including crime prevention, blast mitigation, and CBRNE threat protection. Authored by one of the U.S.'s renowned security experts-and a premiere architect and criminologist-the book is the most comprehensive examination of CPTED and CPTED principles available. This edition includes a complete update of all chapters in addition to five new chapters, over 700 figure illustrations and photos, numerous tables and checklists, and a 20-page color plate section. This latest edition: Features five new chapters including green and sustainable buildings, infrastructure protection, and premises liability Presents step-by-step guidelines and real-world applications of CPTED concepts, principles and processes-from risk assessment to construction and post-occupancy evaluation Outlines national building security codes and standards Examines architectural surety from the perspective of risk analysis and premises liability Demonstrates CPTED implementation in high-security environments, such as hospitals, parks, ATMs, schools, and public and private sector buildings A practical resource for architects, urban planners and designers, security managers, law enforcement, CPTED practitioners, building and property managers, homeland security professionals, and students, 21st Century Security and CPTED, Second Edition continues to serve as the most complete and up-to-date reference available on next-generation CPTED practices today.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed June 25, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Newnes | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9780080523422
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (240 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This volume is devoted to the consideration of the use use of surface, thin film and interface characterization tools in support of silicon-based semiconductor processing. The approach taken is to consider each of the types of films used in silicon devices individually in its own chapter and to discuss typical problems seen throughout that films' history, including characterization tools which are most effectively used to clarifying and solving those problems.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed October 22, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : CRC Press | Boston, MA : Safari
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (512 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Poor Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) practice leads to poorly planned projects, and ultimately poor environmental protection. Written by recognized NEPA authority Charles H. Eccleston, The EIS Book: Managing and Preparing Environmental Impact Statements supplies focused direction on preparing an EIS, highlighting best professional practices (BBP) and lessons learned from case law that provide valuable direction for preparing legally defensible documents. The book is not about preparing bigger or more complicated EISs-but better ones. Beginning with fundamental topics and advancing into successively more advanced subjects, Eccleston describes EIS preparation as a comprehensive framework for planning future actions, rather than merely a document preparation procedure. He supplies direction for preparing defensible analyses that facilitate well-planned projects and improved decision-making. Discusses EIS document requirements including the Council of Environmental Quality's NEPA regulations and related guidelines, EPA guidance and requirements, presidential executive orders, and case law Covers how to perform a legally sufficient cumulative impact assessment and how to evaluate greenhouse emissions and climate change Details a step-by-step approach for navigating the entire EIS process that includes all pertinent process requirements from issuing the notice of intent, through public scoping, to issuing the final record of decision (ROD) Includes analytical requirements for preparing the EIS analysis and guidance for performing various types of analyses Provides tools, techniques, and best professional practices for preparing the EIS and performing the analysis Presents a case study that reinforces key EIS regulatory requirements, and integrates lessons learned from this case study with appropriate regulatory requirements The book gives readers a firm grasp of the process for preparing an EIS, including all key regulatory requirements that a legally sufficient EIS document must satisfy. No other book synthesizes all such requirements and guidance into a single source for easy and rapid access.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed December 13, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : CRC Press | Boston, MA : Safari
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (339 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Achieve the Best Camera Design: Up-to-Date Information on MCMsMiniature camera modules (MCMs), such as webcams, have rapidly become ubiquitous in our day-to-day devices, from mobile phones to interactive TV systems. MCMs-or "smart" cameras-can zoom, adjust their frame rate automatically with illumination change, focus at different distances, compen
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed September 24, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Newnes | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9781483292038
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (1376 pages)
    Edition: 15th edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local ; Electronic books
    Abstract: A long established reference book: radical revision for the fifteenth edition includes complete rearrangement to take in chapters on new topics and regroup the subjects covered for easy access to information. The Electrical Engineer's Reference Book, first published in 1945, maintains its original aims: to reflect the state of the art in electrical science and technology and cater for the needs of practising engineers. Most chapters have been revised and many augmented so as to deal properly with both fundamental developments and new technology and applications that have come to the fore since the fourteenth edition was published (1985). Topics covered by new chapters or radically updated sections include: * digital and programmable electronic systems * reliability analysis * EMC * power electronics * fundamental properties of materials * optical fibres * maintenance in power systems * electroheat and welding * agriculture and horticulture * aeronautic transportation * health and safety * procurement and purchasing * engineering economics
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed October 22, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Auerbach Publications | Boston, MA : Safari
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (730 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Although the use of cloud computing platforms and applications has expanded rapidly, most books on the subject focus on high-level concepts. There has long been a need for a book that provides detailed guidance on how to develop secure clouds. Filling this void, Developing and Securing the Cloud provides a comprehensive overview of cloud computing technology. Supplying step-by-step instruction on how to develop and secure cloud computing platforms and web services, it includes an easy-to-understand, basic-level overview of cloud computing and its supporting technologies. Presenting a framework for secure cloud computing development, the book describes supporting technologies for the cloud such as web services and security. It details the various layers of the cloud computing framework, including the virtual machine monitor and hypervisor, cloud data storage, cloud data management, and virtual network monitor. It also provides several examples of cloud products and prototypes, including private, public, and U.S. government clouds. Reviewing recent developments in cloud computing, the book illustrates the essential concepts, issues, and challenges in developing and securing today's cloud computing platforms and applications. It also examines prototypes built on experimental cloud computing systems that the author and her team have developed at the University of Texas at Dallas. This diverse reference is suitable for those in industry, government, and academia. Technologists will develop the understanding required to select the appropriate tools for particular cloud applications. Developers will discover alternative designs for cloud development, and managers will understand if it's best to build their own clouds or contract them out.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed October 28, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : CRC Press | Boston, MA : Safari
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (490 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: This book looks at how to design complex products that have many components with intricate relationships and requirements. It also discusses how to manage processes involved in their lifecycle, from concept generation to disposal, with the objectives of increasing customer satisfaction, quality, safety, and usability and meeting program timings and budgets. Part I covers systems engineering concepts, issues, and bases in product design. Part II examines quality, human factors, and safety engineering approaches. Part III describes important tools and methods used in these fields, and Part IV includes other relevant integration topics, interesting applications of useful techniques, and observations from a few "landmark" product development case studies.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed August 22, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : CRC Press | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9781466507647
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (608 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Supplying a comprehensive introduction to next-generation networks, Building Next-Generation Converged Networks: Theory and Practice strikes a balance between how and why things work and how to make them work. It compiles recent advancements along with basic issues from the wide range of fields related to next generation networks. Containing the co
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed January 29, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Newnes | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9781483141435
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (128 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Artificial Intelligence in BASIC presents some of the central ideas and practical applications of artificial intelligence (AI) using the BASIC programs. This eight-chapter book aims to explain these ideas of AI that can be used to produce programs on microcomputers. After providing an overview of the concept of AI, this book goes on examining the features and difficulties of a heuristic solution in a wide range of human problems. The discussion then shifts to the application of a heuristic solution to a two-ply search program for a two-person game. The following chapters are devoted to the other components of AI, including the expert systems, memory structure, pattern recognition, and language. The concluding chapter deals with the alternative and auxiliary approaches to the study of AI and its practical applications. Computer scientists and programmers will find this work invaluable.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed September 3, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Make: Community | Boston, MA : Safari
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (160 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Boards, Boards, Boards! It's all about the boards that are rocking the Maker world. We're in a gold rush of controllers and mini-computers, putting raw power into your hands and giving you the ability to express whatever your imagination can suggest. What was once the domain of giant electronics manufacturers only a few years ago can now be shipped to you overnight to play with, and help you develop your own amazing projects. Do your think Arduino is il migliore ? Do you salivate for a piece of Raspberry Pi? Does your tail wag at the idea of a BeagleBone? In MAKE Volume 36, we're taking a deep dive on the boards that are fueling a new smart device revolution. From workshop hobbyists to the innovators taking accessible technology to new levels, people are hungry for the scoop on this rapidly-iterating field, and if you want to get in front of the smartest makers around, this issue is for you.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed October 10, 2013)
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Newnes | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9781483105574
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (570 pages)
    Edition: 10th edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Foundations of Wireless and Electronics, 10th Edition covers the cathode-ray and microwave tubes; modern pulse methods; f.m. detectors; basic processes of transmission; and reception, computers, and non-sinusoidal signal amplification. The book starts by giving a general overview of a complete electronic system, electricity and circuits, capacitance, and inductance. The text also discusses alternating currents (a.c.), including the frequency and phase of a.c.; the capacitance and inductance in a.c. circuits; and the capacitance and inductance in a series. Diodes, triode, transistor equivalent circuits, and a suitable working point are also considered. The book describes oscillation, transmission lines, radiation and antennas, and audio-frequency amplification. The super heterodyne principle, radio- and intermediate-frequency amplification, electronic waveform generators, and switches are also encompassed. The text will be useful to electronics engineers, electricians, and computer engineers.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed October 22, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : CRC Press | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9781439850190
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (388 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Adaptive Optics for Biological Imaging brings together groundbreaking research on the use of adaptive optics for biological imaging. The book builds on prior work in astronomy and vision science. Featuring contributions by leaders in this emerging field, it takes an interdisciplinary approach that makes the subject accessible to nonspecialists who
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed April 26, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : CRC Press | Boston, MA : Safari
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (598 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Mathematics ; Science ; Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: In the 20 years since the publication of the author's multi-contributor volume on defoaming, a vast amount of new work has been published and many new insights have been revealed. A cohesive, single-authored book, The Science of Defoaming: Theory, Experiment and Applications provides comprehensive coverage of the topic. It describes the mode of action of antifoams, presenting the relevant theory and the supporting experimental evidence. Beginning with an introductory chapter that discusses the intrinsic properties of foam, the book then describes experimental methods for measuring foam properties important for studying antifoam action and techniques used in establishing the mode of action of antifoams. Since most commercially effective antifoams are oil based, a chapter is devoted to the entry and spreading behavior of oils and the role of thin film forces in determining that behavior. The book reviews the mode of action of antifoams, including theories of antifoam mechanisms and the role of bridging foam films by particles and oil drops. It also addresses issues related to the effect of antifoam concentration on foam formation by air entrainment and the process of deactivation of mixed oil-particle antifoams during dispersal and foam generation. For applications where chemical antifoam use is unacceptable, the text examines mechanical means of defoaming, such as the use of rotary devices and ultrasound. The final chapters consider the application of defoaming in radically different contexts including waterborne latex paints and varnishes, machine washing of textiles, gas-oil separation in crude oil production, and cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Focusing on the basic science of defoaming, this book presents a balanced view, which also addresses the challenges that may arise for these specific defoaming applications.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed July 9, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Chapman and Hall/CRC | Boston, MA : Safari
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (392 pages)
    Edition: 2nd edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Understand Up-to-Date Statistical Techniques for Financial and Actuarial ApplicationsSince the first edition was published, statistical techniques, such as reliability measurement, simulation, regression, and Markov chain modeling, have become more prominent in the financial and actuarial industries. Consequently, practitioners and students must ac
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed November 12, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : CRC Press | Boston, MA : Safari
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (452 pages)
    Edition: 2nd edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Despite the length of time it has been around, its importance, and vast amounts of research, combustion is still far from being completely understood. Issues regarding the environment, cost, and fuel consumption add further complexity, particularly in the process and power generation industries. Dedicated to advancing the art and science of industrial combustion, The John Zink Hamworthy Combustion Handbook, Second Edition: Volume 3 - Applications offers comprehensive, up-to-date coverage of equipment used in the process and power generation industries. Under the leadership of Charles E. Baukal, Jr., top engineers and technologists from John Zink Hamworthy Combustion examine industry applications such as process burners, boiler burners, process flares, thermal oxidizers, and vapor control. This volume builds on the concepts covered in the first two volumes and shows how they are used in combustion applications. The book also features a wealth of color illustrations, photographs, and tables throughout. What's New in This Edition Expanded to three volumes, with Volume 3 focusing on important industry applications Extensive updates and revisions throughout, reflecting new standards, energy sources, processes, and conservation concerns Expanded coverage of flares and new coverage of biogas flares and flare gas recovery Information on vapor combustors Discussion of pollution control equipment Expanded coverage of commercial and utility boiler burners Chapters on process and air heaters More material on thermal oxidizers A new chapter on marine and offshore applications The third of three volumes in the new, expanded edition of the bestselling handbook, this volume helps you broaden your knowledge of industrial combustion applications to better meet the challenges of this field. For the other volumes in the set, see The John Zink Hamworthy Combustion Handbook, Second Edition: Three-Volume Set.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed August 23, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Newnes | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9781483292809
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (488 pages)
    Edition: 2nd edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Easy-to-read, but nonetheless thorough, this book on digital circuits is for use by students and engineers, and is a readily accessible source of data on devices in the TTL and CMOS families. The book is written to be used as a Designer's Handbook and will spend its days on the designer's bench rather than their bookshelf. The basic theory is explained and then supported with specific practical examples. * Revised, enlarged, reduced price edition * Easy-to-read, jargon free book suitable for professionals and students * Plenty of basic theory and practical information * Based on authors practical experience of logic design * Combined textbook/reference book
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed October 22, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : APN Promise | Boston, MA : Safari
    Language: English , Polish
    Pages: 1 online resource (248 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Co mozemy robic z Raspberry Pi komputerem o wielkosci karty kredytowej kosztujacym zaledwie 35 dolarow Wszystko Jezeli uczysz sie programowac lub zamierzasz realizowac nowe projekty elektroniczne przeczytaj ten praktyczny przewodnik aby zobaczyc jak wartosciowa moze byc ta mala wszechstronna platforma Ta ksiazka pokazuje krok po kroku roznorodne mozliwosci zwiazane z zabawa i edukacja Korzystaj z wielu wstepnie zaladowanych jezykow programowania Uzywaj Raspberry Pi z Arduino Tworz projekty zwiazane z Internetem Baw sie multimediami Z Raspberry Pi mozesz robic to wszystko i jeszcze wiecej Zapoznaj sie z funkcjami sprzetowymi plytki Pi Naucz sie Linuksa w wystarczajacym stopniu aby korzystac z tego systemu operacyjnego Poznaj podstawy jezykow Python i Scratch i zacznij programowac Rysuj grafiki odtwarzaj dzwieki i obsluguj zdarzenia myszy dzieki bibliotece Pygame Uzyj zlaczy wejsciowych i wyjsciowych Pi aby obslugiwac sprzet Odkryj jak platformy Arduino i Raspberry Pi uzupelniaja sie wzajemnie Integruj kamery internetowe USB i inne urzadzenia peryferyjne w swoich projektach Utworz wlasny serwer internetowy w jezyku Python na komputerze Pi Matt Richardson jest kreatywnym technologiem producentem wideo i redaktorem wspierajacym magazynu MAKE i Makezinecom Shawn Wallace jest redaktorem w wydawnictwie OReilly Media
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed October 6, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : CRC Press | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9781466505919
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (540 pages)
    Edition: 2nd edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Businesses need to become more consumer-centric, efficient, and quality conscious. Yet global competition and supply chain complexity are increasing so rapidly that managers must reach across the manufacturing and service boundary to gather more universally applicable ideas. Vanishing Boundaries: How Integrating Manufacturing and Services Creates C
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed October 23, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : CRC Press | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9781466554016
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (624 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Identifying and measuring the elemental x-rays released when materials are examined with particles (electrons, protons, alpha particles, etc.) or photons (x-rays and gamma rays) is still considered to be the primary analytical technique for routine and non-destructive materials analysis. The Lithium Drifted Silicon (Si(Li)) X-Ray Detector, with its
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed December 7, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Morgan Kaufmann | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9780080916446
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (334 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Physically-Based Modeling for Computer Graphics: A Structured Approach addresses the challenge of designing and managing the complexity of physically-based models. This book will be of interest to researchers, computer graphics practitioners, mathematicians, engineers, animators, software developers and those interested in computer implementation and simulation of mathematical models. Presents a philosophy and terminology for "Structured Modeling" Includes mathematicl and programming techniques to support and implement the methodology Covers a library of model components, including rigid-body kinematics, rigid-body dynamics, and force-based constraint methods Includes illustrations of several ample models created from these components Foreword by Al Barr
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed October 22, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 21
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (1308 pages)
    Edition: 3rd edition
    Keywords: Engineering ; Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Building on the success of its 2006 predecessor, this 3rd edition of Open Pit Mine Planning and Design has been both updated and extended, ensuring that it remains the most complete and authoritative account of modern open pit mining available. Five new chapters on unit operations have been added, the revenues and costs chapter has been substantially revised and updated, and the references have been brought fully up to date. In addition, the pack now also includes a fully working version of the MicroMODEL mine planning software package. Volume 1 deals with the fundamental concepts involved in the planning and design of open pit mines. Subjects covered are mine planning, mining revenues and costs, orebody description, geometrical considerations, pit limits, production planning, mineral resources and ore reserves, responsible mining, rock blasting, rotary drilling, shovel loading, haulage trucks and machine availability and utilization. Volume 2 includes CSMine and MicroMODEL, user-friendly mine planning and design software packages developed specifically to illustrate the practical application of the involved principles. It also comprises the CSMine and MicroMODEL tutorials and user's manuals and eight orebody case examples, including drillhole data sets for performing a complete open pit mine evaluation. Open Pit Mine Planning and Design is an excellent textbook for courses in surface mine design, open pit design, geological and excavation engineering, and in advanced open pit mine planning and design. The principles described apply worldwide. In addition, the work can be used as a practical reference by professionals. The step-by-step approach to mine design and planning offers a fast-path approach to the material for both undergraduate and graduate students. The outstanding software guides the student through the planning and design steps, and the eight drillhole data sets allow the student to practice the described principles on different mining properties (three copper properties, three iron properties and two gold properties). The well-written text, the large number of illustrative examples and case studies, the included software, the review questions and exercises and the reference lists included at the end of each chapter provide the student with all the material needed to effectively learn the theory and application of open pit mine planning and design.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed July 31, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Newnes | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9781483105529
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (112 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Engineering Materials 2 covers an introduction to the properties and structures of engineering materials. The book discusses the types of factors determining the choice of a material; the main properties required of engineering materials; the main methods used for tensile testing, impact testing, bend tests, and hardness measurements and the interpretation of measurements; and the interpretation of thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity data. The text also describes the basic structure of materials; the effect of hot and cold work on a metal structure; and the effect of grain size and shape on the mechanical properties of metals. The basic structural features of thermoplastic, thermosetting, and elastomer materials, relating the mechanical and thermal properties to the structures, and the properties of common plastics, relating the properties to their structures, are also described. The book tackles the main categories of polymer forming and their products; the mechanical properties of composites and the properties of the matrix and fiber; and the environmental stability of materials. Engineering students and technicians will find the book invaluable.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed October 22, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Newnes | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9780080505152
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (352 pages)
    Edition: 2nd edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Written for non-specialist users of electric motors and drives, this book explains how electric drives work and compares the performance of the main systems, with many examples of applications. The author's approach - using a minimum of mathematics - has made this book equally popular as an outline for professionals and an introductory student text. * First edition (1990) has sold over 6000 copies. Drives and Controls on the first edition: 'This book is very readable, up-to-date and should be extremely useful to both users and o.e.m. designers. I unhesitatingly recommend it to any busy engineer who needs to make informed judgements about selecting the right drive system.' New features of the second edition: * New section on the cycloconverter drive. * More on switched relectance motor drives. * More on vector-controlled induction motor drives. * More on power switching devices. * New 'question and answer' sections on common problems and misconceptions. * Updating throughout. Electric Motors and Drives is for non-specialist users of electric motors and drives. It fills the gap between specialist textbooks (which are pitched at a level which is too academic for the average user) and the more prosaic 'handbooks' which are filled with useful detail but provide little opportunity for the development of any real insight or understanding. The book explores most of the widely-used modern types of motor and drive, including conventional and brushless d.c., induction motors (mains and inverter-fed), stepping motors, synchronous motors (mains and converter-fed) and reluctance motors.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed October 22, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Newnes | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9781483140391
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (260 pages)
    Edition: 2nd edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Digital Audio and Compact Disc Technology, Second Edition presents the principles behind the development of the compact disc digital audio system. The book discusses the aspects of digital audio and compact disc technology, which has revolutionized the way music is recorded and consumed. The text contains chapters that discuss the principles of digital signal processing, such as, sampling, quantization and error correction; codes for digital magnetic recording; an overview of the compact disc medium; compact disc encoding; and digital audio recording systems. Electronics enthusiasts and engineers will find the book informative.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed October 22, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Newnes | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9781483164120
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (1145 pages)
    Edition: 2nd edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Corrosion, Volume 2: Corrosion Control deals with corrosion and corrosion control. Topics covered range from the design and economic aspects of corrosion to cathodic and anodic protection; pretreatment and design for metal finishing; protective action of metallic coatings; and methods of applying metallic coatings. Corrosion testing, monitoring, and inspection are also considered. This volume is comprised of 13 chapters; the first of which provides an overview of corrosion control, with emphasis on the classification of practical methods of corrosion control. Attention then turns to the economic aspects of corrosion; how corrosion control is implemented in chemical and petrochemical plants; and design considerations to prevent corrosion in buildings and structures. Design in marine engineering and in relation to welding and joining is also discussed. The chapters that follow focus on the principles and practical applications of cathodic and anodic protection; chemical and mechanical pretreatments for metal finishing; and design for corrosion protection by electroplated and paint coatings. Chemical conversion coatings and miscellaneous coatings such as vitreous enamel coatings are also considered. Finally, this book describes the conditioning of the atmosphere to reduce corrosion. Tables and specifications as well as terms and abbreviations are included. This book will be of value to students as well as workers and engineers involved in corrosion and corrosion control.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed October 22, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Chapman and Hall/CRC | Boston, MA : Safari
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (595 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: To learn and understand mathematics, students must engage in the process of doing mathematics. Emphasizing active learning, Abstract Algebra: An Inquiry-Based Approach not only teaches abstract algebra but also provides a deeper understanding of what mathematics is, how it is done, and how mathematicians think. The book can be used in both rings-fi
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed December 21, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : CRC Press | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9781466577763
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (320 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Manufacturing companies work endlessly to make process improvements, yet they are often hard to implement and even harder to sustain. The reason: companies often stumble when communicating why the methodologies are being used and how to sustain the improvements. Communication for Continuous Improvement Projects demonstrates how to communicate chang
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed October 23, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Chandos Publishing | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9781843347057
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (246 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL) set forth Characteristics of Programs of Information Literacy that Illustrate Best Practices: A Guideline. Creating and Maintaining an Information Literacy Instruction Program in the Twenty-First Century provides readers with a real-world, practical guide for creating an instruction program step-by-step, as well as a framework for reviewing, assessing, and updating existing programs. Each chapter focuses on one of the main aspects of the ACRL guidelines. Current research, anecdotal evidence and tools provide the reader with the support and instruments needed to either begin, or reinvigorate, an instruction program. The book begins by placing information literacy in programme context. It then covers how to survey your current program, and how to develop and implementing a program plan. The next chapters concentrate on administrative and institutional support; curriculum integration and campus collaboration; present and future students; pedagogy for the information professional; program marketing and outreach; assessment and future trends. Finally, this book concludes by asking its readers to re-survey their information literacy instruction program landscape once again. Provides a practical, scalable information literacy instruction program framework based upon the 2011 draft ACRL Characteristics of Programs of Information Literacy that Illustrate Best Practices Reflects current scholarship and practice Contains sample worksheets, templates, and assessment instruments
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed July 31, 2013)
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : CRC Press | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9781466584976
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (346 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: This book introduces the semantic aspects of natural language processing and its applications. Topics covered include: measuring word meaning similarity, multi-lingual querying, and parametric theory, named entity recognition, semantics, query language, and the nature of language. The book also emphasizes the portions of mathematics needed to under
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed November 14, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Newnes | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9781483105079
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (618 pages)
    Edition: 2nd edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Light and Heavy Vehicle Technology, Second Edition deals with the theory and practice of vehicle maintenance, procedure, and diagnosis of vehicle trouble, including technological advances such as four-wheel drive, four-wheel steering, and anti-lock brakes. The book reviews the reciprocating piston petrol engine, the diesel engine, the combustion chambers, and the different means of combustion processes. To counter friction, heat and wear, lubrication to the different moving parts is important. To counter excessive heat which can cause breakdown of lubricating oil films and materials such as gaskets, O-rings, the engine is designed with a cooling system that uses air, water, or engine coolants. Petrol engines use the carburation or injection type of fuel delivery; diesel engines use a high pressure system of fuel injection owing to the higher pressures existing in the diesel combustion chamber. The text explains the operation of the other parts of the vehicle including the ignition and starter system, emission controls, layshaft gearboxes, drive lines, and suspension systems. Heavy vehicles need highly efficient air brakes to stop them compared to the hydraulic brake systems used in smaller and lighter vehicles. The book is suitable for mechanical engineers, engine designers, students, and instructors in mechanical and automotive engineering.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed October 22, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : CRC Press | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9781466556812
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (533 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Lean Systems: Applications and Case Studies in Manufacturing, Service, and Healthcare details the various Lean techniques and numerous real-world Lean projects drawn from a wide variety of manufacturing, healthcare, and service processes, demonstrating how to apply the Lean philosophy. The book facilitates Lean instruction by supplying interactive
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed October 16, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Chapman and Hall/CRC | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9781482214123
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (320 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Guides Students in Understanding the Interactions between Computing/Networking Technologies and Security Issues Taking an interactive, "learn-by-doing" approach to teaching, Introduction to Computer and Network Security: Navigating Shades of Gray gives you a clear course to teach the technical issues related to security. Unlike most computer securi
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed August 19, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : CRC Press | Boston, MA : Safari
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (488 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Although the information and communication technology (ICT) industry accounted for only 2 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions in 2007, the explosive increase in data traffic brought about by a rapidly growing user base of more than a billion wireless subscribers is expected to nearly double that number by 2020. It is clear that now is the ti
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed October 29, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : A K Peters/CRC Press | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9781466565975
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (626 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Successful games merge art and technology in truly unique ways. Fused under tight production deadlines and strict performance requirements, shaped by demanding player expectations, games are among the most complex software projects created today. Game AI Pro: Collected Wisdom of Game AI Professionals covers both the art and the technology of game A
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed September 11, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Wiley | Boston, MA : Safari
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (232 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Why some team members go the extra mile while others don't--and how to get more out of everyone Business leaders know that some members of their teams go above and beyond while others get by doing the bare minimum. The question on everyone's lips is how to turn every member of your organization into a top performer. Beyond the Call uses case studies, the real-world stories of real managers, and groundbreaking research from NYU's Stern School of Business, to answer important questions about performance and offer real solutions for building high-performing organizations and teams. This book will show you how to coax every member of you team to do more, leaving behind mediocrity for excellence. 'Some powerful insights into how to creat an environment that enables people to be the best that they can be everyday, and go beyond the basic' Jane Reay Jones, HR Manager, Procter & Gamble 'Beyond the Call addresses a topic that goes to the very heart of what makes organisations successful in the 21st Century...this book provides a useful framework to help managers understand more about the discretionary effort. Beyond the Call outlined discretionary effort principles that all managers should benefit from adopting' Jonathan Emms, Head of Primary Care, Country Lead, Pfizer UK
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed January 22, 2013)
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : CRC Press | Boston, MA : Safari
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (376 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Radiation-thermal cracking of oil feedstock has the potential to offer a solution to many of the challenges the oil industry is facing. Radiation-induced chain cracking reactions in hydrocarbons at lowered temperatures initiated the development of improved technological approaches, combining the advantages of radiation-thermal cracking and low-temperature feedstock processing. However, researchers still face obstacles in the practical application of theory and experimental data, and the literature presents contradictions that need to be sorted out for further development of this technology. Petroleum Radiation Processing fills an information gap, providing systematic descriptions of the fundamentals of radiation-induced cracking reactions in hydrocarbons. It analyzes the basic experiments that have brought about the rapid development of radiation technology for petroleum radiation processing during the last decades. The book provides a detailed introduction to radiation methods based on radiation-thermal and low-temperature cracking of hydrocarbons, emphasizing high-viscous oil feedstocks that are difficult to process by conventional methods-such as heavy and high-paraffinic crude oil, fuel oil, and bitumen. It helps readers understand the mechanisms and kinetics of low-temperature radiation cracking. The book addresses the application of promising radiation methods for solving critical environmental issues, such as oil desulfurization and regeneration of used lubricants and other used oil products. Examining experimental data as well as theoretical and technical approaches, it summarizes research progress in the field of petroleum radiation processing, providing a useful reference on the theory and technology of hydrocarbon radiation processing for chemical technologists, researchers, and students.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed November 25, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : CRC Press | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9781466594197
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (399 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Model Free Adaptive Control: Theory and Applications summarizes theory and applications of model-free adaptive control (MFAC). MFAC is a novel adaptive control method for the unknown discrete-time nonlinear systems with time-varying parameters and time-varying structure, and the design and analysis of MFAC merely depend on the measured input and ou
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed September 24, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Wiley | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9781118605820
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (256 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: The five steps to successful selling, negotiating, and managing multi-culturally Say Anything to Anyone, Anywhere gives readers five simple key guidelines to create rapport and organize strategies for success across different cultures. This book teaches to be proactive, not reactive, in your cross-cultural communications and shows how to use simple rapport tools to create trust with the cultures you work with or travel to. Learn how to organize productive interactions in person, on the phone, and by email. Discover interpersonal communication skills and virtual strategies that build strong relationships. Offers quick, accessible examples and clear guidelines about how to create an understanding between cultures Gives tips and strategies on how to communicate without offending Author Gayle Cotton is a Emmy Award Winner and a distinguished, highly sought after speaker, corporate trainer, and executive coach. This step-by-step guide to cross-cultural business will help you build strong relationships and manage successfully, no matter the cultural differences.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed March 18, 2013)
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Wiley | Boston, MA : Safari
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (224 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Military veterans prepare for the next mission in their careers Written by veterans who have successfully made the transition, Down Range offers career planning guidance to U.S. military veterans coming off active duty. This is NOT simply a guide to transitioning from the military to the civilian world. This is NOT a guide to getting a job. This book IS a guide to developing a post-military career, not just for the first few days, weeks, or months after active duty, but for the rest of your employed life. This simple and effective planning process has been taught to more than 1 million business executives in companies all over the world. Explains how to build an adaptable long-range career plan called a Career High Definition Destination (HDD), across a spectrum of seven key areas Shows how business differs from military service, how to identify the resources needed to achieve the Career HDD, and how to develop strategic and tactical courses of action that drive you to executing towards your Career HDD on a consistent basis Author James Murphy is founder of Afterburner Inc. and is currently working with the U.S. Army at the highest levels to develop a transition program for the estimated 1.5 million veterans who will transition from active duty service to civilian careers by the year 2020 This book challenges veterans to change their mind-set and understand just how different the "wilderness" of civilian employment is from military experience. Down Range provides an appreciation for what's important to a business, helping you to become a valuable asset throughout your career.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed December 9, 2013)
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Jossey-Bass | Boston, MA : Safari
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (368 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Hands-on resources for new and seasoned school coaches This practical resource offers the foundational skills and tools needed by new coaching educators, as well as presenting an overview of the knowledge and theory base behind the practice. Established coaches will find numerous ways to deepen and refine their coaching practice. Principals and others who incorporate coaching strategies into their work will also find a wealth of resources. Aguilar offers a model for transformational coaching which could be implemented as professional development in schools or districts anywhere. Although she addresses the needs of adult learners, her model maintains a student-centered focus, with a specific lens on addressing equity issues in schools. Offers a practical resource for school coaches, principals, district leaders, and other administrators Presents a transformational coaching model which addresses systems change Pays explicit attention to surfacing and interrupting inequities in schools The Art of Coaching: Effective Strategies for School Transformation offers a compendium of school coaching ideas, the book's explicit, user-friendly structure enhances the ability to access the information.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed March 4, 2013)
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9781260026801
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (1 video file, approximately 6 hr., 25 min.)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic videos ; local ; Audiobooks
    Abstract: With startling insights and a dash of humor, Stop Talking, Start Communicating combines scientific research with real-world strategies to deliver a proven approach to more effective communication.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title screen (viewed July 19, 2013)
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : CRC Press | Boston, MA : Safari
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (452 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: This book concentrates on the various fields related to the development of a nanobiosensor and presents the latest information from renowned experts. It focuses on the enhanced spectroscopy, including SERS, SEIRA/SEIRS, and near-field optics, and the related physical processes (optical properties of metallic nanoparticles, plasmon resonance, field enhancement, etc.). Some applications in the biological and medical field are presented to show the potential of such techniques as sensors if combined with functionalization.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed January 24, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Wiley | Boston, MA : Safari
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (464 pages)
    Edition: 2nd edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: The No. 1 guide to investment banking and valuation methods, including online tools In the constantly evolving world of finance, a solid technical foundation is an essential tool for success. Until the welcomed arrival of authors Josh Rosenbaum and Josh Pearl, no one had taken the time to properly codify the lifeblood of the corporate financier's work-namely, valuation, through all of the essential lenses of an investment banker. With the release of Investment Banking, Second Edition: Valuation, Leveraged Buyouts, and Mergers & Acquisitions , Rosenbaum and Pearl once again have written the definitive book that they wish had existed when they were trying to break into Wall Street. The Second Edition includes both the technical valuation fundamentals as well as practical judgment skills and perspective to help guide the science. This book focuses on the primary valuation methodologies currently used on Wall Street: comparable companies analysis, precedent transactions analysis, discounted cash flow analysis, and leveraged buyout analysis. With the new fully revised edition, they have added the most comprehensive, rigorous set of intuition-building and problem-solving ancillaries anywhere all of which promised to become essential, knowledge enhancing tools for professionals, and professors and students. For those who purchase this edition of the book, there are options to purchase the Valuation Models separately (9781118586167), and to also consider purchase of the Investing Banking Workbook (9781118456118) and Investment Banking Focus Notes (9781118586082) for further self-study.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed June 5, 2013)
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Newnes | Boston, MA : Safari
    ISBN: 9781483135458
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (276 pages)
    Edition: 1st edition
    Keywords: Electronic books ; local ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Timer/Generator Circuits Manual is an 11-chapter text that deals mainly with waveform generator techniques and circuits. Each chapter starts with an explanation of the basic principles of its subject followed by a wide range of practical circuit designs. This work presents a total of over 300 practical circuits, diagrams, and tables. Chapter 1 outlines the basic principles and the different types of generator. Chapters 2 to 9 deal with a specific type of waveform generator, including sine, square, triangular, sawtooth, and special waveform generators pulse. These chapters also include pulse generator, time IC generator, and waveform synthesizer circuits. Chapter 10 examines the characteristics of phase-locked loop circuits, while Chapter 11 looks into the miscellaneous applications of the ubiquitous "555" timer type of integrated circuit. The appendix presents a number of useful waveform generator design charts, as an aid to those readers who wish to design or modify generator circuits to their own specifications. This book will prove useful to practical design engineers, technicians, experimenters, and electronics students.
    Note: Online resource; Title from title page (viewed October 22, 2013) , Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821398197
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (238 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Abstract: One of a series of pocket-sized books that provide a quick reference to development data on different topics, 'The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2013' provides data for more than 20 key indicators on the business environment and private sector development in a single page for each of the World Bank member countries and other economies with populations of more than 30,000. These more than 200 country pages are supplemented by aggregate data for regional and income groupings
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821397862
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (115 p)
    Edition: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Africa Development Indicators
    Abstract: The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa 2012/13 provides a summary collection of gender statistics on Africa available in one volume. It contains 60 indicators, covering 53 African countries. Additional data may be found on the companion CD-ROM or online, covering about 1,700 indicators from 1961 to 2011. Key themes are : • Basic demographic indicators • Education • Health • Labor force and wages • Women’s empowerment. Designed to provide all those interested in Africa with quick reference and a reliable set of data to monitor development programs and aid flows in the region, this is an invaluable pocket edition reference tool for analysts and policy makers who want a better understanding of the economic and social developments occurring in Africa. For free access to Africa Development Indicators online, please visit http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821398258
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (123 p)
    Edition: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: World Development Indicators
    Abstract: A new look and new ways to access the world’s premier source of development data Looking for accurate, up-to-date data on development issues? World Development Indicators (WDI) is the World Bank’s premier annual compilation of data about development. Compiled from officially-recognized international sources, WDI presents the most current and accurate global development data available, including national, regional and global estimates. This year’s print edition and e-book have been redesigned to allow users the convenience of easily linking to the latest data on-line. What you will find in the print edition: • A selection of the most popular indicators across 155 economies and 14 country groups organized into six WDI themes • Thematic and regional highlights, providing an overview of global development trends • An in-depth review of the progress made toward achieving the Millennium Development Goals • A user guide describing resources available on-line and on mobile apps. What you can do on-line: • Download individual tables and other key information • Access and download time series data using the data retrieval system • Access indicators in five different languages (Arabic, Chinese, French, English, and Spanish) • Directly obtain the the most up-to-date data available. The WDI Little Data Book 2013 is a companion to the WDI, and is a handy country-by-country view of key development indicators for more than 200 countries. Each page provides a country data profile of of its people, environment, economy, states and markets, and global links.. ACCESS WDI TIME SERIES DATA FREE ONLINE = data.worldbank.org (the full data retrieval system organized by indicator, country and topic); and data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/world-development-indicators (for all on-line WDI resources) DOWNLOAD THE WDI DATAFINDER MOBILE APP AND OTHERS = data.worldbank.org/apps WDI DataFinder is a mobile app for browsing the current WDI database on smartphones and tablets, using iOS, Android, and Blackberry, available in four languages: English, French, Spanish, and Chinese. Use the app to browse data using the structure of the WDI; visually compare countries and indicators; create, edit and save customized tables, charts and maps; and share what you create on Twitter, Facebook, and via email
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821399477
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (57 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: World Bank Annual Report
    Abstract: The Annual Report is prepared by the Executive Directors of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and the International Development Association (IDA)—collectively known as the World Bank—in accordance with the by-laws of the two institutions. The President of the IBRD and IDA and the Chairman of the Board of Executive Directors submits the Report, together with the accompanying administrative budgets and audited financial statements, to the Board of Governors
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 49
    ISBN: 9781464800382
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (658 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Law, Justice, and Development Series
    Abstract: This volume will explore the potentially transformative role of effective laws and legal institutions in providing people with more opportunity that is both inclusive and equitable. Laws, legal frameworks and judicial institutions can create opportunity by providing the space to build human capital and assets, create jobs, and encourage individuals and organizations to make productive investments based on a greater sense of stability. They can also promote inclusion by advancing access to jobs and expanding the reach and quality of services including access to justice as well as promote equity by supporting equal opportunities, promoting open and accountable governance, and effective judicial and legal institutions. The objective is to shift focus to laws, legal frameworks and judicial institutions. To this end, submissions will explore the potentially transformative role of effective laws and legal institutions in providing people with more opportunity that is both inclusive and equitable
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  • 50
    ISBN: 9781464800160
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xxiv, 221 pages) , illustrations , 26 cm
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 613.098
    Keywords: Health Behavior ; Health Behavior ; Health Policy ; Health Policy ; Health Promotion ; Health Promotion ; Preventive Health Services ; Preventive Health Services ; Risk Factors ; Risk Factors ; Health Behavior ; Health Behavior ; Health Policy ; Health Policy ; Health Promotion ; Health Promotion ; Preventive Health Services ; Preventive Health Services ; Risk Factors ; Risk Factors
    Description / Table of Contents: Noncommunicable diseases in Latin America and the CaribbeanRisk factors for NCDs in Latin America and the Caribbean -- Economic impact of NCDs in Latin America and the Caribbean -- Population-based interventions to promote healthy living -- Multisectoral interventions to prevent health risk factors for NCDs in Latin America and the Caribbean -- Lessons learned and agenda for the future.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 0821398571 , 9780821398579
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xxxiii, 183 pages) , illustrations , 26 cm
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: A World Bank study
    DDC: 363.738/7409611
    Keywords: Climatic changes Economic aspects ; Climatic changes Social aspects ; Climatic changes ; Climatic changes Economic aspects ; Climatic changes Social aspects ; Climatic changes ; Climatic changes ; Climatic changes ; Climatic changes
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821399835
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (278 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Abstract: Eleventh in a series of annual reports comparing business regulation in 189 economies, Doing Business 2014 measures regulations affecting 11 areas of everyday business activity including; starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, closing a business, and employing workers. The report updates all indicators as of June 1, 2013, ranks economies on their overall “ease of doing business”, and analyzes reforms to business regulation – identifying which economies are strengthening their business environment the most. The Doing Business reports illustrate how reforms in business regulations are being used to analyze economic outcomes for domestic entrepreneurs and for the wider economy. Doing Business is a flagship product by the World Bank and IFC that garners worldwide attention on regulatory barriers to entrepreneurship. More than 60 economies use the Doing Business indicators to shape reform agendas and monitor improvements on the ground. In addition, the Doing Business data has generated over 870 articles in peer-reviewed academic journals since its inception
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9781464801051 , 9781464801068
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Directions in development / World Bank
    DDC: 333.91/509597
    Keywords: Coastal water transportation Economic aspects ; Inland water transportation Economic aspects ; Coastal water transportation Economic aspects ; Inland water transportation Economic aspects ; Coastal water transportation ; Inland water transportation
    Description / Table of Contents: ContextObjectives of the report -- Scope and methodology -- Key data sources -- Structure of the report -- Demand for waterborne and multimodal transport -- Size and historical growth patterns of IWT and coastal shipping -- Growth projections for IWT and coastal shipping -- Commodity tonnage and tonnage distribution by mode -- Inland and coastal shipping lengths of haul -- Main freight flows -- Regional routes and modal competition -- Primary intra- and interregional corridors -- Red River delta region -- Mekong delta -- Coastal shipping -- Corridor 1: Hanoi, Haiphong, Quang Ninh -- Corridor 2: Quang Ninh, Ninh Binh -- Corridor 3: Hanoi, Ninh Binh -- Corridor 1: HCMC northwest -- Corridor 3: HCMC southwest --Container transport in the Mekong delta -- IWT market structure -- Shipping companies -- Coastal shipping -- Shipping volumes -- Container flows -- Containerized cargo (domestic cargo) -- Ccontainerized cargo (feeder cargo) -- Sea-river transport -- Market structure for coastal shipping -- Vinalines -- Competitive position of IWT and coastal shipping -- Competitive position of IWT -- Competitive position of coastal shipping -- Supply chains and logistics costs in Vietnam -- Conclusions on demand -- Supply-side considerations: waterways, ports, and fleet -- Institutional framework for the waterway and port sectors -- Waterway infrastructure -- Northern waterways -- Southern waterways -- Central region waterways -- Technical classification of the waterways -- Planned investments in waterways -- The IWT master plan for 2020 -- Major channel projects -- Ports -- River ports -- Planned investments in river ports -- Seaports -- Fleet -- Fleet of river-going vessels -- Fleet of sea-going vessels -- Fleet of sea-river vessels -- Modernization of IWT fleet -- Conclusions on waterways, ports, and fleet -- Modal differences in fuel efficiency and GHG emissions -- Relative carbon intensity among transport modes -- Main challenges and recommendations -- Planning -- Institutional/regulatory environment -- Phsical bottlenecks -- Lack of IWT hinders market development -- Financing -- Strategy and action plan -- Estimated impact of public sector interventions in IWT and coastal shipping -- Translating the IWT/coastal shipping strategy into tangible interventions -- Methodology: translating interventions into impacts -- Modal shift and emissions impact of the proposed interventions -- CBA results -- References -- Appendix A: list of stakeholders interviewed -- Appendix B: major waterway routes in the north and south -- Appendix C: general considerations on DWT capacity increases in the national IWT fleet -- Appendix D: cargo data and modal split model -- Cargo flows for northern provinces: road transport in tons per day -- Cargo flows for northern provinces: iwt in tons per day -- Cargo flows for southern provinces: road transport in tons per day -- Cargo flows for southern provinces: IWT in tons per day -- Appendix E: detailed description of proposed interventions -- Appendix F: detailed impacts of proposed interventions.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821398289
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 332.098
    Keywords: Finance ; Financial institutions ; Monetary policy ; Finance ; Financial institutions ; Monetary policy ; Finance ; Financial institutions ; Monetary policy
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 55
    ISBN: 9780821398050
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 363.34/6095
    Keywords: Disasters Economic aspects ; Disasters Social aspects ; Emergency management ; Emergency management ; Disasters Economic aspects ; Disasters Social aspects ; Emergency management ; Emergency management ; Disasters ; Disasters ; Emergency management ; Emergency management
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821398616
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 330.9581
    Keywords: Economic development ; Postwar reconstruction ; Economic development ; Postwar reconstruction ; Economic development ; Postwar reconstruction ; Afghanistan ; Afghanistan ; Afghanistan ; Afghanistan ; Afghanistan Economic conditions 21st century ; Afghanistan Economic policy ; Afghanistan History 2001- ; Afghanistan Politics and government 2001- ; Afghanistan Economic conditions 21st century ; Afghanistan Economic policy ; Afghanistan History 2001- ; Afghanistan Politics and government 2001-
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821398173
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (237 p)
    Edition: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    Abstract: This Little Data Book presents tables for over 213 economies showing the most recent national data on key indicators of information and communications technology (ICT), including access, quality, affordability, efficiency,sustainability, and applications
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  • 58
    ISBN: 9780821396551
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xxv, 146 pages) , illustrations , 27 cm
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 333.33/8
    Keywords: Housing policy ; Rental housing ; Housing policy ; Rental housing ; Housing policy ; Rental housing
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9780821398371
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 333.79/40959091732
    Keywords: Cities and towns Case studies Energy consumption ; Energy policy Case studies ; Infrastructure (Economics) Case studies ; Renewable energy sources Case studies ; Sustainable urban development Case studies ; Urban ecology (Sociology) Case studies ; Cities and towns Case studies Energy consumption ; Energy policy Case studies ; Infrastructure (Economics) Case studies ; Renewable energy sources Case studies ; Sustainable urban development Case studies ; Urban ecology (Sociology) Case studies ; Cities and towns ; Energy policy ; Infrastructure (Economics) ; Renewable energy sources ; Sustainable urban development ; Urban ecology (Sociology)
    Abstract: "Presents a blueprint for transforming East Asian cities to global engines of green growth by choosing energy efficient solutions for their infrastructure needs, with case studies in Cebu City (the Philippines), Da Nang (Vietnam), and Surabaya (Indonesia) illustrating the use of sustainable urban energy and emissions planning (SUEEP)"--
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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  • 60
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (31 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Canuto, Otaviano Brazilian Exports
    Abstract: This note examines in detail Brazil's export performance over the past 15 years, focusing not only on growth and composition, but also on different performance dimensions, including diversification, sophistication, and firm dynamics. The analysis uses international comparisons to better situate the Brazilian performance, and explores different databases, including firm-level data recently published by the World Bank. The note uses a recent diagnostic toolkit developed by the World Bank in order to suggest some hypotheses about the factors that have been inhibiting exports and industrial production expansion. Among the latter, it is noted how service sectors, as the largest beneficiaries from favorable terms of trade, accommodated larger wage increases and “exported” cost pressures to other sectors of the economy. Furthermore, although a stronger currency can be appointed as one of the elements behind the lower competitiveness in Brazilian exports, sluggish productivity performance and a real wage uptrend explain a significant part of the overall loss of competitiveness. This diagnostic reinforces the importance of resuming the agenda of microeconomic reforms, increasing the investment-to-gross domestic product ratio, and advancing toward better-skilled human capital
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  • 61
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (40 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Gurenko, Eugene N Reinsurance as Capital Optimization Tool under Solvency II
    Abstract: This paper compares solvency capital requirements under Solvency I and Solvency II for a sample mid-size insurance portfolio. According to the results of a study, changing the solvency capital regime from Solvency I to Solvency II will lead to a substantial additional solvency capital requirement that might represent a heavy burden for the company's shareholders. One way to reduce the capital requirement under Solvency II is to increase reinsurance protection, which will reduce the net retained risk exposure and hence also the solvency capital requirement. Therefore, this paper proposes an extended reinsurance structure that, under Solvency II, brings the capital requirement back to the level of that required under Solvency I. In a step-by-step approach, the paper demonstrates the extent of solvency relief attained by the insurer by applying different possible adjustments in the reinsurance structure. To evaluate the efficiency of reinsurance as the solvency capital relief instrument, the authors introduce a cost-of-capital based approach, which puts the achieved capital relief in relation to the costs of extending the reinsurance protection. This approach allows a direct comparison of reinsurance as a capital relief instrument with debt instruments available in the capital market. With the help of the introduced approach, the authors show that the best capital relief efficiency under all examined reinsurance alternatives is achieved when a financial quota share contract is chosen for proportional reinsurance
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (24 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Ravallion, Martin How Long Will it Take to Lift One Billion People Out of Poverty?
    Abstract: Alternative scenarios are considered for reducing by one billion the number of people living below
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  • 63
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (46 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Acharya, Arnab The Impact of Health Insurance Schemes for the Informal Sector in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
    Abstract: This paper summarizes the literature on the impact of state subsidized or social health insurance schemes that have been offered, mostly on a voluntary basis, to the informal sector in low- and middle-income countries. A substantial number of papers provide estimations of average treatment on the treated effect for insured persons. The authors summarize papers that correct for the problem of self-selection into insurance and papers that estimate the average intention to treat effect. Summarizing the literature was difficult because of the lack of (1) uniformity in the use of meaningful definitions of outcomes that indicate welfare improvements and (2) clarity in the consideration of selection issues. They find the uptake of insurance schemes, in many cases, to be less than expected. In general, we find no strong evidence of an impact on utilization, protection from financial risk, and health status. However, a few insurance schemes afford significant protection from high levels of out-of-pocket expenditures. In these cases, however, the impact on the poor is weaker. More information is needed to understand the reasons for low enrollment and to explain the limited impact of health insurance among the insured
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  • 64
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (51 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Khandker, Shahidur R Does Access to Finance Matter in Microenterprise Growth?
    Abstract: In less-developed economies such as Bangladesh, the farm sector is the major source of employment and income, while the rural nonfarm sector provides as an additional source of income. But the rural nonfarm sector increasingly plays an important role in fostering the development of the rural economy. A significant share of this sector is made up of microenterprise activities, which requires investment and access to adequate funds. This paper investigates the role access to finance plays in promoting the efficiency and growth of microenterprise activities. The findings suggest that households engaged in microenterprise activities, in addition to farm and other nonfarm activities, are much better off (in terms of income, expenditure and poverty) than those not engaged in such activities. Fewer than 10 percent of the enterprises have access to institutional finance (formal banks or microcredit), although the rate of return on microenterprise investments is more than sufficient (36 percent per year) to repay institutional loans. The research suggests that credit constraints may reduce the enterprises' profit margin by as much as 13.6 percent per year. As the returns to microenterprise investment are found to be high, microfinance institutions can play a larger role in supporting microenterprise growth in Bangladesh
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  • 65
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (50 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Olper, Alessandro Political Reforms and Public Policy
    Abstract: This paper studies the effect of political regime transitions on public policy using a new data set on global agricultural and food policies over a 50-year period (including data from 74 developing and developed countries over the 1955-2005 period). The authors find evidence that democratization leads to a reduction of agricultural taxation, an increase in agricultural subsidization, or both. The empirical findings are consistent with the predictions of the median voter model because political transitions occurred primarily in countries with a majority of farmers. The results are robust to different specifications, estimation approaches, and variable definitions
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  • 66
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (43 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Duggan, Victor Service Sector Reform and Manufacturing Productivity
    Keywords: 1997-2009 ; Dienstleistungssektor ; Auslandsinvestition ; Produktivität ; Indonesien
    Abstract: This paper examines the extent to which policy restrictions on foreign direct investment in the Indonesian service sector affected the performance of manufacturers over the period 1997-2009. It uses firm-level data on manufacturers' total factor productivity and the OECD's foreign direct investment Regulatory Restrictiveness Index, combined with data from Indonesia's input-output tables regarding the intensity with which manufacturing sectors use services inputs. Controlling for firm-level fixed effects and other relevant policy indicators, it finds, first, that relaxing policies toward foreign direct investment in the service sector was associated with improvements in perceived performance of the service sector. Second, it finds that this relaxation in service sector foreign direct investment policies accounted for 8 percent of the observed increase in manufacturers' total factor productivity over the period. The total factor productivity gains accrue disproportionately to those firms that are relatively more productive, and that gains are related to the relaxation of restrictions in both the transport and electricity, gas, and water sectors. Total factor productivity gains are associated, in particular, with the relaxation of foreign equity limits, screening, and prior approval requirements, but less so with discriminatory regulations that prevent multinationals from hiring key personnel abroad
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  • 67
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (39 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: De Melo, Jaime Preferential Market Access Design
    Abstract: Least developed countries rely on preferential market access. Proof of sufficient transformation has to be provided to customs in importing countries by meeting Rules of Origin requirements to benefit from these preferences. These Rules of Origin have turned out to be complicated and burdensome for exporters in the least developed countries. Starting around 2001, under the United States Africa Growth Opportunity Act, 22 African countries exporting apparel to the United States can use fabric from any origin (single transformation) and still meet the criterion for preferential access (the so-called Special Rule), while the European Union continued to require yarn to be woven into fabric and then made into apparel in the same country (double transformation). This paper uses panel estimates over 1996-2004 to exploit this quasi-experimental change in the design of preferences. The paper estimates that this simplification contributed to an increase in export volume of about 168 percent for the top seven beneficiaries or approximately four times as much as the 44 percent growth effect from the initial preference access under the Africa Growth Opportunity Act without the single transformation. This change in design also mattered for diversity in apparel exports, as the number of export varieties grew more rapidly under the Africa Growth Opportunity Act special regime
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  • 68
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (48 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Olper, Alessandro Mass Media and Public Policy
    Abstract: Mass media play a crucial role in information distribution and in the political market and public policy making. Theory predicts that information provided by the mass media reflects the media's incentives to provide news to different groups in society and affects these groups' influence in policy making. The paper use data on agricultural policy from 69 countries spanning a wide range of development stages and media markets to test these predictions. The empirical results are consistent with theoretical hypotheses that public support for agriculture is affected by the mass media. In particular, an increase in media (television) diffusion is associated with policies that benefit the majority to a greater extent and is correlated with a reduction in agriculture taxation in poor countries and a reduction in the subsidization of agriculture in rich countries, ceteris paribus. The empirical results are consistent with the hypothesis that increased competition in commercial media reduces transfers to special interest groups and contributes to more efficient public policies
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  • 69
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (39 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Bown, Chad P How Different are Safeguards from Antidumping?
    Abstract: Use of temporary trade barriers has proliferated across countries, industries, and even policy instruments. This paper constructs a panel of bilateral, product-level United States steel imports that are matched to a unique data set on trade policy exclusions that are associated with the 2002 United States steel safeguard in order to compare the trade impacts that result from application of various temporary trade barrier policies over 1989-2003. The analysis finds that the trade effects of an applied safeguard-which is statutorily expected to follow the principle of nondiscriminatory treatment-can nevertheless compare closely with the application of the explicitly discriminatory antidumping policy. The results on trade policy substitutability complement other recent research on these increasingly important forms of import protection
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  • 70
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (41 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Bucheli, Marisa Social Spending, Taxes and Income Redistribution in Uruguay
    Abstract: How much redistribution does Uruguay accomplish through social spending and taxes? How progressive are revenue collection and social spending? A standard fiscal incidence analysis shows that Uruguay achieves a nontrivial reduction in inequality and poverty when all taxes and transfers are combined. In comparison with five other countries in Latin America, it ranks first (poverty reduction) and second (inequality reduction), and first in terms of poverty reduction effectiveness and third in terms of overall (including transfers in-kind) inequality reduction effectiveness. Direct taxes are progressive and indirect taxes are regressive. Social spending on direct transfers, contributory pensions, education and health is quite progressive in absolute terms except for tertiary education, which is almost neutral in relative terms
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  • 71
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (37 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Lofgren, Hans Closing Rural-Urban MDG Gaps in Low-Income Countries
    Abstract: This paper addresses policies aimed at closing the rural-urban gap for one of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the under-five mortality rate (U5MR). The paper relies on the Maquette for MDG Simulations (MAMS), a computable general equilibrium model, applied to the database of an archetypical low-income country. The scenarios, which focus on the period 2013-2030, include a "business-as-usual" base scenario and policy scenarios that analyze efforts to raise the rural population up to the urban level in terms of health services or the under-five mortality rate. The policy scenarios are implemented with alternative sources of fiscal space. The results indicate that, if current trends continue, considerable progress for MDGs should be expected by 2030. If the government raises rural health services, then the decline in the rural U5MR would accelerate. If most additional resources come from foreign grants or government efficiency gains, then the repercussions for other development indicators, including poverty reduction, would be positive. However, if most additional resources are from domestic taxes or borrowing, then progress for the rural U5MR would come at the expense of less progress for other indicators. Sensitivity analysis shows that these qualitative findings are robust to different values for two parameters related to initial rural-urban cost and service gaps. However, quantitatively, the results depend on the values of these two parameters, implying that individual country characteristics strongly influence the fiscal-space requirements for and consequences of equalizing rural-urban MDG services and outcomes
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (27 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Strand, Jon Political Economy Aspects of Fuel Subsidies
    Abstract: While notoriously inefficient, fuel subsidies are widespread, and in many cases politically stable. This paper discusses and models various political economy aspects of fuel subsidies, focusing on gasoline and kerosene. Both economic and political are considered to explain differences in subsidies, with particular focus on democratic and autocratic governments. A political process is modeled whereby a promise of low fuel prices is used in democracies to attract voters, and in autocracies to mobilize support among key groups. Subsidies to fuels are viewed as either easier to observe, easier to commit to, easier to deliver, or better targeted at core groups, than other public goods or favors offered by rulers. Easier commitment and delivery than for regular public goods can explain the high prevalence of such policies in autocracies, and also in young democracies where the capacity to commit to or deliver complex public goods is not yet fully developed. The analysis provides a framework for empirical testing and verification
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  • 73
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (50 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Gersovitz, Mark What is a Civil War?
    Abstract: The authors argue that the academic literature, both qualitative and quantitative, has mislabeled most episodes of large-scale violence in Africa as civil war; these episodes better fit their concept of regional war complexes. The paper seeks to highlight the fundamental flaws in the conception of civil war in the econometric literature and their implications for econometric specification and estimation, problems that this literature is inherently incapable of rectifying. The authors advocate the comparative study of regional war complexes in Africa based on historical narratives
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  • 74
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Cattaneo, O Joining, Upgrading and Being Competitive in Global Value Chains
    Abstract: In recent years, global value chains have played an increasing role in business strategies, profoundly affecting international trade and development paradigms. Global value chains now represent a major source of socio-upgrading opportunities and a new path for development. Trade, competitiveness and development policies should be reshaped accordingly to seize these opportunities and avoid the risks associated with greater participation in global value chains. This paper provides a framework and analytical tools for measuring and improving a country's performance with respect to participation in global value chains. With a clear operational focus, it provides guidance for countries willing to join, maintain participation, and/or move up global value chains. With the ultimate objective to increase the value (the development content) for trade, it also offers strategies to maximize the benefits and minimize the risks of developing countries' participation in global value chains
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  • 75
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (51 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Calderon, Cesar Bank Bailouts, Competition, and the Disparate Effects for Borrower and Depositor Welfare
    Abstract: This paper investigates how government interventions into banking systems such as blanket guarantees, liquidity support, recapitalizations, and nationalizations affect banking competition. This debate is important because the pricing of banking products has implications for borrower and depositor welfare. Exploiting data for 124 countries that witnessed different policy responses to 41 banking crises, and using difference-in-difference estimations, the paper presents the following key results: (i) Government interventions reduce Lerner indices and net interest margins. This effect is robust to a battery of falsification and placebo tests, and the competitive response also cannot be explained by alternative forces. The competition-increasing effect on Lerner indices and net interest margins is also confirmed once the non-random assignment of interventions is accounted for using instrumental variable techniques that exploit exogenous variation in the electoral cycle and in the design of the regulatory architecture across countries. (ii) Consistent with theoretical predictions, the competition-increasing effect of government interventions is greater in more concentrated and less contestable banking sectors, but the effects are mitigated in more transparent banking systems. (iii) The competitive effects are economically substantial, remain in place for at least 5 years, and the interventions also coincide with an increase in zombie banks. The results therefore offer direct evidence of the mechanism by which government interventions contribute to banks' risk-shifting behavior as reported in recent studies on bank level runs via competition. (iv) Government interventions disparately affect bank customers' welfare. While liquidity support, recapitalizations, and nationalizations improve borrower welfare by reducing loan rates, deposit rates decline. The empirical setup allows quantifying these disparate effects
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  • 76
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (45 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Fernandes, Ana M Export Entrepreneurship and Trade Structure in Latin America during Good and Bad Times
    Abstract: The authors use a new dataset on export transactions for a large set of Latin American and Caribbean and comparator countries to assess the extent of "export entrepreneurship" during periods of fast export growth (2005-2007) and depressed external demand (2008-2009). Export entrepreneurship is equated with the extensive margin of exports, namely the advent of new exporting firms, new export products, and new export market destinations. The main findings are: (1) annual exporter entry, exit, and survival rates in Latin America and the Caribbean are quite similar to what is observed in other countries, and entry rates across sectors are quite similar but survival rates appear to be highest in agriculture; (2) the relative size of entrants into export markets (relative to incumbents) tended to be lower for natural resource-abundant countries during 2005-2007, but less so during the crisis years of 2008-2009; (3) entry rates tend to be lower in sectors in which a country has revealed comparative advantage, however, exit rates and survival rates of new exporters are higher in those sectors; and (4) the low growth of exports during the global recession of 2008-2009 in Latin America and the Caribbean was due to lower growth in exports of incumbent firms' pre-existing products and destinations, while new products and destinations tended to attenuate the recession's effects. Overall, the data suggest that the Latin American and Caribbean region appears to be no less entrepreneurial in terms of the extensive margins of exports than comparator countries
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  • 77
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (47 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Demirguc-Kunt, Asli Financial Inclusion and Legal Discrimination against Women
    Abstract: This paper documents and analyzes gender differences in the use of financial services using individual-level data from 98 developing countries. The data, drawn from the Global Financial Inclusion (Global Findex) database, highlight the existence of significant gender gaps in ownership of accounts and usage of savings and credit products. Even after controlling for a host of individual characteristics including income, education, employment status, rural residency and age, gender remains significantly related to usage of financial services. This study also finds that legal discrimination against women and gender norms may explain some of the cross-country variation in access to finance for women. The analysis finds that in countries where women face legal restrictions in their ability to work, head a household, choose where to live, and receive inheritance, women are less likely to own an account, relative to men, as well as to save and borrow. The results also confirm that manifestations of gender norms, such as the level of violence against women and the incidence of early marriage for women, contribute to explaining the variation in the use of financial services between men and women, after controlling for other individual and country characteristics
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (42 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Fukase, Emiko Foreign Job Opportunities and Internal Migration in Vietnam
    Keywords: Multinationales Unternehmen ; Binnenwanderung ; Regionale Arbeitsmobilität ; Vietnam
    Abstract: This paper investigates the role of employment opportunities created by foreign-owned firms as a determinant of internal migration and destination choice using the Vietnam Migration Survey 2004 and the Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey 2004. Multinomial logit and conditional logit models are estimated to study both origin and destination-specific characteristics of migrants. The paper finds that the migration response to foreign job opportunities is larger for female workers than male workers; there appears to be intermediate selection in terms of educational attainment; and migrating individuals on average tend to go to destinations with higher foreign employment opportunities, even controlling for income differentials, land differentials, and distances between sending and receiving areas
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  • 79
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (46 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Knack, Stephen Building or Bypassing Recipient Country Systems
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Korruption ; Nonprofit-Management ; Öffentliche Finanzen
    Abstract: The 2005 Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness sets targets for increased use by donors of recipient country systems for managing aid. It also calls for donors to be more responsive to the quality of recipient country systems: the optimal level of their use, in terms of maximizing the development effectiveness of aid, is believed to vary with their quality. This study investigates the degree to which donors' use of country systems is in fact positively related to their quality, using indicators explicitly endorsed for this purpose by the Paris Declaration and covering the 2005-2010 period. The results of these tests strongly confirm a positive and significant relationship, and show it is robust to corrections for potential sample selection, omitted variables, or endogeneity bias. The result holds even when estimates are informed only by variation over time within each donor-recipient pair in use and quality of country systems. Moreover, donor-specific tests show that use of country systems varies positively with their quality for the vast majority of donors. These findings contradict several other studies that claim there is no relation and imply that donors in this respect are failing to live up to their commitments under the Paris Declaration. The author's interpretation of the available evidence on use of country systems is more favorable: donors' behavior over the measurement period is largely consistent with their commitments in this area. In this respect, at least, donors appear to have modified their aid practices in ways that build rather than undermine administrative capacity and accountability in recipient country governments
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  • 80
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: McCourt, Willy Models of Public Service Reform
    Abstract: This paper identifies six models of public service reform that have been practiced in developing countries over the past half-century. It critically reviews their implementation, discussing them as attempted solutions to problems that have arisen in the policy process in different countries. The models are: public administration; decentralization; pay and employment reform; New Public Management; integrity and corruption reforms; and "bottom-up" reforms. The paper seeks an explanation for their disappointing performance in the political economy of reform, with an emphasis on how learning from failure can be the paradoxical foundation of future success
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  • 81
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (39 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Lavelle, Kathryn C American Politics, the Presidency of the World Bank, and Development Policy
    Abstract: The World Bank's president has been an American by tradition. Yet little work has explored the consequences for this connection in influencing visions of development in the organization across time. This paper uses evidence from archives, congressional hearing records, and memoirs and histories of World Bank presidents to investigate United States-World Bank relations and development policy during four presidencies-Eugene Meyer, Eugene Black, Robert McNamara, and James Wolfensohn. The author argues that at times the political arrangements had the effect of pushing the Bank toward greater institutional independence from the United States, particularly when partisanship in American politics rose and new United States presidential administrations came into office with the World Bank president's term holding over from before. At other times, United States-World Bank connections pulled the Bank into foreign policy issues in the United States that the Bank might not otherwise have addressed when advocates pressed their case on Capitol Hill
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  • 82
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (24 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Zhang, Fan The Energy Transition of the Transition Economies
    Abstract: The aggregate manufacturing energy intensity of 28 countries in Eastern Europe and Central Asia had declined by 35 percent during 1998-2008. This study reveals strong evidence of convergence: less efficient countries improved more rapidly and the cross-country variance in energy productivity narrowed over time. An index decomposition analysis indicates that energy intensities declined largely because of more efficient energy use rather than shifts from energy intensive to less intensive manufacturing activities. Income growth and energy price increases were the main drivers of the convergence. They dominated the impact of trade, which led to specialization in energy intensive industries
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  • 83
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (28 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Feyen, Erik European Bank Deleveraging and Global Credit Conditions
    Abstract: This paper assesses European bank deleveraging and its impact on global credit conditions. Before the onset of the global financial crisis, European banks had rapidly expanded their foreign lending activities. However, European banks have since been tightening credit conditions in Europe more for longer-term lending, a trend that banks expect to continue. European financial stress has been transmitted to emerging markets that have experienced a sustained deterioration of credit standards and funding conditions. As a result, European lending in emerging markets has been lagging behind lending of other international banks although European banks remain a dominant source of funding. "Good" bank deleveraging is still necessary from a prudential perspective. Although acute "bad" deleveraging pressures due to financial stress, which can trigger a credit crunch, have subsided recently on account of decisive policy measures, tail risks remain. Curtailing lending will probably be a core component of this multi-year deleveraging process. Taken together, European bank deleveraging warrants close attention
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  • 84
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (33 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Macours, Karen Demand versus Returns?
    Abstract: Interventions aimed at increasing the income generating capacity of the poor, such as vocational training, micro-finance or business grants, are widespread in the developing world. How to target such interventions is an open question. Many programs are self-targeted, but if perceived returns differ from actual returns, those self-selecting to participate may not be those for whom the program is the most effective. The authors analyze an unusual experiment with very high take-up of business grants and vocational skills training, randomly assigned among nearly all households in selected poor rural communities in Nicaragua. On average, the interventions resulted in increased participation in non-agricultural employment and higher income from related activities. The paper investigates whether targeting could have resulted in higher returns by analyzing heterogeneity in impacts by stated baseline demand, prior participation in non-agricultural activities, and a wide range of complementary asset endowments. The results reveal little heterogeneity along observed baseline characteristics. However, the poorest households are more likely to enter and have higher profits in non-agricultural self-employment, while less poor households assigned to the training have higher non-agricultural wages. This heterogeneity appears related to unobserved characteristics that are not revealed by stated baseline demand, and more difficult to target. In this context, self-targeting may reduce the poverty-reduction potential of income generating interventions, possibly because low aspirations limit the poor's ex-ante demand for productive interventions while the interventions have the potential to increase those aspirations. Overall, targeting productive interventions to poor households would not have come at the cost of reducing their effectiveness. By contrast, self-targeting would have limited poverty reduction by excluding the poorest
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  • 85
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (34 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Tiwari, Sailesh Monsoon Babies
    Keywords: Kinder ; Biologische Daten ; Ernährung ; Niederschlag ; Nepal
    Abstract: Do household consumption-smoothing strategies in poor countries entail significant long-run costs in terms of reduced human capital? This paper exploits the timing of monsoon rainfall shocks and the seasonal nature of agriculture to isolate income effects on early childhood anthropometric outcomes in rural Nepal and to provide evidence on the persistence of these effects into later childhood. Findings suggest that a 10 percent increase in rainfall from historic norms during the most recently completed monsoon leads to a 0.15 standard deviation increase in weight-for-age for children ages 0-36 months. This total impact consists of a negative "disease environment effect" of no more than 0.02 standard deviations and a positive "income effect" as high as 0.17 standard deviations. Consistent with this interpretation, excess monsoon rainfall also enhances child stature, but only if the monsoon rainfall shock is experienced in the second year of life. Moreover, this effect on child height is transitory, dissipating completely by age five
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  • 86
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (43 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: De Andrade, Gustavo Henrique A Helping Hand or the Long Arm of the Law?
    Abstract: Many governments have spent much of the past decade trying to extend a helping hand to informal businesses by making it easier and cheaper for them to formalize. Much less effort has been devoted to raising the costs of remaining informal, through increasing enforcement of existing regulations. This paper reports on a field experiment conducted in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, in order to test which government actions work in getting informal firms to register. Firms were randomized to a control group or one of four treatment groups: the first received information about how to formalize; the second received this information and free registration costs along with the use of an accountant for a year; the third group was assigned to receive an enforcement visit from a municipal inspector; while the fourth group was assigned to have a neighboring firm receive an enforcement visit to see if enforcement has spillovers. The analysis finds zero or negative impacts of information and free cost treatments, and a significant but small increase in formalization from inspections. Estimates of the impact of actually receiving an inspection give a 21 to 27 percentage point increase in the likelihood of formalizing. The results show most informal firms will not formalize unless forced to do so, suggesting formality offers little private benefit to them. But the tax revenue benefits to the government of bringing firms of this size into the formal system more than offset the costs of inspections
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  • 87
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (31 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Fofack, Hippolyte A Model of Gendered Production in Colonial Africa and Implications for Development in the Post-Colonial Period
    Abstract: This paper proposes a model to analyze the implications of colonial policies for gender inequality in Sub-Saharan Africa. The model emphasizes segmentation of production under complete specialization. It shows that the colonial production model, underpinned by occupational job segregation in the agricultural sector and gender bias in the non-agricultural sector, exacerbated gender inequality by limiting employment opportunities for women outside the realm of home production and subsistence agriculture. Over the past few decades, the resilience of parameters underlying these models of colonial production has heightened the risks of macroeconomic volatility in the region, especially where the structural transformation from low to high-value-added activities has remained elusive
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  • 88
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (36 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Francois, Joseph Services Linkages and the Value Added Content of Trade
    Abstract: Services trade constitute roughly one-third of trade on a value added basis, and much of this is concentrated in margin services (transport, logistics) linked to trade in goods. However, producer services are also part of the value added contained in traded goods. This is especially true in high income countries, where services account for roughly 70 percent of value added. Working with data (a set of global social accounting matrices spanning intermittent years from 1992 to 2007) this paper examines the services embodied in trade on a value added basis. This includes not only the direct and indirect contribution of services to value added contained in a given country's exports, but also the extent to which third-country value added in services, through intermediate linkages of imported goods and services, are also embodied in production and trade. This exercise serves to highlight not only the importance of non-tradables in trade, but also by extension the importance that productivity, foreign affiliates sales, and trade and investment in services may hold for interdependence and cross-border linkages
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  • 89
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (29 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Fox, Louise Different Dreams, Same Bed
    Abstract: Employment and earnings statistics are the key link between the size and structure of economic growth and the welfare of households, which is the ultimate goal of development policy, so it is important to monitor employment outcomes consistently. A cursory review of employment data for low-income Sub-Saharan African countries shows both large gaps and improbable variation within countries over time and among countries, suggesting that low quality data are routinely reported by national statistics offices. Unfortunately, policies are formed and projects developed and implemented on the basis of these statistics. Therefore, errors of measurement could be having profound implications on the strategic priorities and policies of a country. This paper explains the improbable results observed by using data from Uganda, where the labor module contains variation both within and across surveys, to show the sensitivity of employment outcomes to survey methodology. It finds that estimates of employment outcomes are unreliable if the questionnaire did not use screening questions, as labor force participation will be underestimated. Likewise, surveys that use a seven-day recall period underestimate or potentially misrepresent employment outcomes, owing to seasonality and multiple jobs. Common multivariate analysis applied on household survey data will be affected, as the errors in measurement in the dependent and independent variables will be correlated. Corrections to reduce measurement bias in existing data are tested with the survey data; none are found to be completely satisfactory. The paper concludes that there is a knowledge gap about employment outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa that will continue unless collection techniques improve
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  • 90
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (46 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Calì, Massimiliano The Labor Market Impact of Mobility Restrictions
    Abstract: Using data on Israeli closures inside the West Bank, this paper provides new evidence on the labor market effects of conflict-induced restrictions to mobility. To identify the effects, the analysis exploits the fact that the placement of physical barriers by Israel was exogenous to local labor market conditions and uses a measure of conflict intensity to control for the likely spurious correlation between local unrest, labor market conditions, and the placement of barriers. The study finds that these barriers to mobility have a significant negative effect on employment, wages, and days worked per month. The barriers had a positive impact on the number of hours per working day. These effects are driven mainly by checkpoints while other barriers, such as roadblocks and earth mounds, have a much more limited impact. Only a tiny portion of the effects is due to direct restrictions on workers' mobility, suggesting that these restrictions affect the labor market mainly by depressing firms' production and labor demand. Despite being an underestimation of the actual effects, the overall costs of the barriers on the West Bank labor market are substantial: in 2007, for example, these costs amounted to 6 percent of gross domestic product. Most of these costs are due to lower wages, thus suggesting that the labor market has adjusted to the restrictions more through prices than quantities
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  • 91
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (89 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Michalopoulos, Constantine Developing Country Trade Policies and Market Access Issues
    Abstract: The study presents a comprehensive review of developing country trade policies and market access issues as they evolved over the period 1990-2012. The main findings are, first, that applied tariffs as well as traditional core non-tariff measures have declined significantly over time in both developed and developing countries. Second, the instruments of protection used by developed and developing countries are becoming increasingly similar: trade remedies, especially anti-dumping are the instruments of choice for all except low-income developing countries. Third, agriculture is the main sector where developing countries face access problems in OECD markets. Fourth, regional and other preferential trade agreements are both a result and a cause of the lack of progress in multilateral trade negotiations. They violate the basic World Trade Organization tenet of most favored nation and thus pose a potential threat to the multilateral system and a potential stimulus to further multilateral collaboration. Fifth, sanitary and phytosanitary and technical barriers to trade are being increasingly used by both developed and developing countries but their protective intent is difficult to gauge. There is a need for increased vigilance, transparency, and reporting to ensure that they are not being used as a means of protection of economic interests. Sixth, the service sectors are the most promising area where efforts for further liberalization are needed and may produce significant benefits. And seventh, far less additional protection has been put in place following the 2008 financial crisis compared with what had been feared or what had happened in earlier crises
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (49 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Valente, Christine Education and Civil Conflict in Nepal
    Abstract: Between 1996 and 2006, Nepal experienced violent civil conflict as a consequence of a Maoist insurgency, which many argue also brought about an increase in female empowerment. This paper exploits variations in exposure to conflict by birth cohort, survey date, and district to estimate the impact of the insurgency on education outcomes. Overall conflict intensity, measured by conflict casualties, is associated with an increase in female educational attainment, whereas abductions by Maoists, which often targeted school children, have the reverse effect. Male schooling tended to increase more rapidly in areas where the fighting was more intense, but the estimates are smaller in magnitude and more sensitive to specification than estimates for females. Similar results are obtained across different specifications, and robustness checks indicate that these findings are not due to selective migration
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  • 93
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (24 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Larson, Donald F Blue Water and the Consequences of Alternative Food Security Policies in the Middle East and North Africa for Water Security
    Abstract: In the Middle East and North Africa, food security and water security are tightly entwined. In particular, choices about the extent to which food security policies rely on trade rather than domestically produced staples have stark consequences for the region's limited water resources. This paper builds on previous modeling results comparing the cost and benefits of policies to protect consumers against surging international wheat prices, and expands the analysis to consider the consequences of the policies for water resources. A self-sufficiency policy is analyzed as well. Results suggest that trade-based food security policies have no significant effect on the sustainability of water resources, while the costs of policies based on self-sufficiency for water resources are high. The analysis also shows that while information about the water footprint of alternative production systems is helpful, a corresponding economic footprint that fully measures the resource cost of water is needed to concisely rank alternative policies in economic terms that are consistent with sustainable outcomes
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  • 94
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Douidich, Mohamed Estimating Quarterly Poverty Rates Using Labor Force Surveys
    Abstract: The paper shows how Labor Force Surveys can be used effectively to estimate poverty rates using Household Expenditure Surveys and cross-survey imputation methods. With only two rounds of Household Expenditure Survey data for Morocco (2001 and 2007), the paper estimates quarterly poverty rates for the period 2001-2010 by imputing household expenditures into the Labor Force Surveys. The results are encouraging. The methodology is able to accurately reproduce official poverty statistics by combining current Labor Force Surveys with previous period Household Expenditure Surveys, and vice versa. Although the focus is on head-count poverty, the method can be applied to any welfare indicator that is a function of household income or expenditure, such as the poverty gap or the Gini index of inequality. The newly produced time-series of poverty rates can help researchers and policy makers to: (a) study the determinants of poverty reduction or use poverty as an explanatory factor in cross-section and panel models; (b) forecast poverty rates based on a time-series model fitted to the data; and (c) explore the linkages between labor market conditions and poverty and simulate the effects of policy reforms or economic shocks. This is a promising research agenda that can expand significantly the tool-kit of the welfare economist
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  • 95
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (48 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: De, Prabir What Does MFN Trade Mean for India and Pakistan?
    Abstract: India and Pakistan, the two largest economies in South Asia, share a common border, culture and history. Despite the benefits of proximity, the two neighbors have barely traded with each other. In 2011, trade with Pakistan accounted for less than half a percent of India's total trade, whereas Pakistan's trade with India was 5.4 percent of its total trade. However, the recent thaw in India-Pakistan trade relations could signal a change. Pakistan has agreed to grant most favored nation status to India. India has already granted most favored nation status to Pakistan. What will be the gains from trade for the two countries? Will they be inclusive? Is most favored nation status a panacea? Should the granting of most favored nation status be accompanied by improvements in trade facilitation, infrastructure, connectivity, and logistics to reap the true benefits of trade and to promote shared prosperity? This paper attempts to answer these questions. It examines alternative scenarios on the gains from trade and it finds that what makes most favored nation status work is the trade facilitation that surrounds it. The results of the general equilibrium simulation indicate Pakistan's most favored nation status to India would generate larger benefits if it were supported by improved connectivity and trade facilitation measures. In other words, gains from trade would be small in the absence of improved connectivity and trade facilitation. The idea of trade facilitation is simple: implement measures to reduce the cost of trading across borders by improving infrastructure, institutions, services, policies, procedures, and market-oriented regulatory systems. The returns can be huge, even with modest resources and limited capacity. The dividends of trade facilitation can be shared by all
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  • 96
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (42 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Cuesta, Jose Social Spending, Distribution, and Equality of Opportunities
    Abstract: Existing evidence forms a body of "conventional wisdom" on the redistributive impact of fiscal policies that has been recently questioned by more disaggregated analyses. This paper proposes an additional extension to the traditional benefit incidence analysis to explore further the extent to which the conventional wisdom holds, as well as to provide effective guidance in fiscal decision making. The benefit incidence analysis extension includes linking fiscal policies with the concept of equality of opportunities. The paper describes this approach and showcases the application of the proposed "opportunity incidence analysis" to six pilot countries: Liberia, Cote d'Ivoire, Zambia, Tajikistan, Thailand, and Paraguay. Three main contributions stand out: first, opportunity incidence analysis complements traditional benefit incidence analysis by applying its mechanics to a more forward looking concept of equal opportunity. Second, opportunities can be used to target public spending with higher precision. Third, micro-simulations can be used to understand the cost-effectiveness of alternative spending interventions that seek to improve equality of opportunities. All of these results complement the diagnosis produced by traditional incidence analysis and provide useful information to guide specific policy decisions
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  • 97
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (31 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Kilic, Talip Missing(ness) in Action
    Abstract: Land area is a fundamental component of agricultural statistics, and of analyses undertaken by agricultural economists. While household surveys in developing countries have traditionally relied on farmers' own, potentially error-prone, land area assessments, the availability of affordable and reliable Global Positioning System (GPS) units has made GPS-based area measurement a practical alternative. Nonetheless, in an attempt to reduce costs, keep interview durations within reasonable limits, and avoid the difficulty of asking respondents to accompany interviewers to distant plots, survey implementing agencies typically require interviewers to record GPS-based area measurements only for plots within a given radius of dwelling locations. It is, therefore, common for as much as a third of the sample plots not to be measured, and research has not shed light on the possible selection bias in analyses relying on partial data due to gaps in GPS-based area measures. This paper explores the patterns of missingness in GPS-based plot areas, and investigates their implications for land productivity estimates and the inverse scale-land productivity relationship. Using Multiple Imputation (MI) to predict missing GPS-based plot areas in nationally-representative survey data from Uganda and Tanzania, the paper highlights the potential of MI in reliably simulating the missing data, and confirms the existence of an inverse scale-land productivity relationship, which is strengthened by using the complete, multiply-imputed dataset. The study demonstrates the usefulness of judiciously reconstructed GPS-based areas in alleviating concerns over potential measurement error in farmer-reported areas, and with regards to systematic bias in plot selection for GPS-based area measurement
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (51 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Auriol, Emmanuelle Powering up Developing Countries through Integration?
    Abstract: Power market integration is analyzed in a two-country model with nationally regulated firms and costly public funds. If the generation costs between the two countries are too similar, negative business stealing outweighs efficiency gains so that the subsequent integration welfare decreases in both regions. Integration is welfare enhancing when the cost difference between two regions is large enough. The benefits from export profits increase the total welfare in the exporting country, whereas the importing country benefits from lower prices. In this case, market integration also improves incentives to invest compared to autarky. The investment levels remain inefficient, however, especially for transportation facilities. Free riding reduces incentives to invest in these public-good components of the network, whereas business stealing tends to decrease the capacity to finance new investment
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (40 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Kraay, Aart Misunderestimating Corruption
    Abstract: Estimates of the extent of corruption rely largely on self-reports of individuals, business managers, and government officials. Yet it is well known that survey respondents are reticent to tell the truth about activities to which social and legal stigma are attached, implying a downward bias in survey-based estimates of corruption. This paper develops a method to estimate the prevalence of reticent behavior, in order to isolate rates of corruption that fully reflect respondent reticence in answering sensitive questions. The method is based on a statistical model of how respondents behave when answering a combination of conventional and random-response survey questions. The responses to these different types of questions reflect three probabilities-that the respondent has done the sensitive act in question, that the respondent exhibits reticence in answering sensitive questions, and that a reticent respondent is not candid in answering any specific sensitive question. These probabilities can be estimated using a method-of-moments estimator. Evidence from the 2010 World Bank Enterprise survey in Peru suggests reticence-adjusted estimates of corruption that are roughly twice as large as indicated by responses to standard questions. Reticence-adjusted estimates of corruption are also substantially higher in a set of ten Asian countries covered in the Gallup World Poll
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  • 100
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (29 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Gaarder, Marie Impact Evaluation of Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding Interventions
    Abstract: The international community is paying increased attention to the 25 percent of the world's population that lives in fragile and conflict affected settings, acknowledging that these settings represent daunting development challenges. To deliver better results on the ground, it is necessary to improve the understanding of the impacts and effectiveness of development interventions operating in contexts of conflict and fragility. This paper argues that it is both possible and important to carry out impact evaluations even in settings of violent conflict, and it presents some examples from a collection of impact evaluations of conflict prevention and peacebuilding interventions. The paper examines the practices of impact evaluators in the peacebuilding sector to see how they address evaluation design, data collection, and conflict analysis. Finally, it argues that such evaluations are crucial for testing assumptions about how development interventions affect change-the so-called "theory of change"-which is important for understanding the results on the ground
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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