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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Incentives and Accountability : Instruments of Change in Higher Education (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 9-18
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 13 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Incitations et transparence : Les instruments du changement dans l'enseignement supérieur
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 9-18
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Thank you for inviting me to make some concluding remarks at this important conference. My brief is to reflect on the themes of the conference and to bring forth insights of how these ideas play out in different settings. In his instructions to me Richard Yelland, Head of Programme, added that after two days of concentrated discussions on the challenges facing the managers and leaders of higher education institutions, participants would be looking forward to a provocative address on incentives and accountability in higher education...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art2-en
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Towards More Harmonised Estimates of Investment in Software (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: economic studies Vol. 2003, no. 2, p. 185-200
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2856
    Language: English
    Pages: 26 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vers une harmonisation des estimations de l'investissement en logiciels
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: economic studies
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2003, no. 2, p. 185-200
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The latest system of national accounts (SNA93) recommended that purchases of software (and any ownaccount production) should be treated as investment as long as the acquisition satisfied conventional asset requirements. This change added about 1 per cent to GDP in most OECD economies in the mid-1990s. However, the range of the revision has been significantly different across countries, leading many observers to question the comparability of these statistics. An OECD task force has formulated a set of recommendations describing a harmonised method for estimating software and this paper provides estimates of changes to GDP levels and growth that might be expected if the OECD recommendations were applied. Estimates of changes are also presented using an alternative harmonised method. Whichever harmonised method is applied, the impact on GDP levels is likely to be significant, and in some countries about 1 per cent of GDP ...
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-v2003-art12-en
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Highlights of Recent Trends in Financial Markets (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 7-60
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 56 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 7-60
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Background; Equity markets; Bond markets and interest rates; Foreign exchange markets; Emerging economies; Enlargement of the European Union...
    DOI: 10.1787/fmt-v2004-art2-en
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Media Mergers: Background Note (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 79-146
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 69 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les fusions dans les médias : Note de référence
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 79-146
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: The question of who owns our newspapers, television and radio is vital to democracy. The information and opinion we draw on must reflect a range of different voices and views if we are to be able to understand and debate the issues of the day. The Government’s task is to create a framework for media ownership which protects that plurality of voices and encourages a diversity of content whilst, at the same time, promoting the most competitive market for media businesses and attracting new investment ...
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v5-art16-en
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Financial Outreach Activities in 2003 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 201-211
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 14 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 201-211
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Following the end of the “Cold War”, the OECD has, since the early 1990s, been conducting “Outreach” activities (i.e. cooperation including technical assistance activities with non-Member economies), first with the Central and Eastern European countries in transition and now extending to many economies especially in Asia...
    DOI: 10.1787/fmt-v2004-art7-en
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    DAC Peer Review of Denmark (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 149-227
    Details
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Language: English
    Pages: 80 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examen du CAD par les pairs : Danemark
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 149-227
    Keywords: Development ; Denmark
    Abstract: This review contains the Main Findings and Recommendations of the Development Assistance Committee and the report of the Secretariat. It was prepared with examiners from Luxembourg and Portugal for the Peer Review on 22 May 2003. The principal issues covered were the maintaining of Danish development co-operation leadership, the further untying of aid, holding the line on Danish ODA funding levels, maintaining a strategic geographic and sector focus, broadening Danish capacity in support of policy coherence, empowering the field missions and finding operational approaches to results-based management. This report is published on the authority of the Secretary-General of the OECD...
    DOI: 10.1787/journal_dev-v4-art24-en
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Universality or Specialisation? (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 49-64
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 19 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Universalité ou spécialisation ?
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 49-64
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Trade globalisation is beginning to affect universities worldwide. In response to this outside pressure, institutions have become more geared to gaining international repute through research than to maintaining their reputation at home for the quality of their teaching. As a result of this focus on research, French universities, for example, are losing ground to other kinds of higher education institutions. One of the main reasons is that research encourages specialisation, whereas the market increasingly requires multi-disciplinary and cross-cutting skills. In order to explore how society’s contradictory demands can be met, two opposing models will be presented, one that seeks to preserve the universalist role of universities and another that would prompt higher education institutions to become increasingly specialised in pursuit of research excellence. Between these two extremes, there is perhaps a middle way that is difficult to follow, but that is exceptionally enriching for the university community, provided that university management is rethought. The primary mistake that can be made in any process of change is to seek to merge the role of individuals with that of institutions. Although universities can continue to pull together all the various threads that contribute to economic development, individuals cannot be expected to have the same multi-faceted profile. This means that the quality of tomorrow’s universities will depend on the quality of interpersonal relationships and how they are managed....
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art6-en
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Student Satisfaction in Higher Education : A Turkish Case (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 109-122
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 18 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Satisfaction des étudiants dans l'enseignement supérieur en Turquie
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 109-122
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: The aim of this paper is to determine the level and the factors for university students’ satisfaction with the institutions they are attending. Firstly, the concept of satisfaction will be defi ned. Secondly, a conceptual framework to demonstrate the relationship between the factors which lie behind university student satisfaction will be presented. Thirdly, the results and implications of a survey with which the authors tried to test the presupposed relationships within the boundaries of the conceptual framework will be given and discussed. The limitations of the research are also given. The results of the research show that, at least for some Turkish university students, the quality of education, instructors, textbooks and being female and informed ...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art19-en
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Aid Effectiveness and Selectivity : Integrating Multiple Objectives into Aid Allocations (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 7-40
    Details
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'efficacité de l'aide et la sélectivité : Intégrer de multiples objectifs dans les décisions d'affectation de l'aide
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 7-40
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: This paper reports on recent work on improving the effectiveness of aid allocations, and extends the scope of analysis beyond the aid-policy-growth-poverty linkages to include three new elements: a broader range of poverty-relevant objectives and effectiveness constraints of aid; practical experience in the application of quantitative analysis to allocations; and analytic approaches to determining shares of aid through multilateral channels and for global public goods. There is wide consensus on the main allocation criteria for effectiveness in reducing poverty through pro-poor growth: the level and incidence of poverty and the development performance of partner countries. Other variables that raise the impact of aid on growth are helping vulnerable countries adjust to shocks, debt relief and post-conflict reconstruction. Considering broader development and humanitarian objectives, aid should also be allocated to prevent violent conflict and to improve governance and social conditions in “difficult partnerships”. In addition, global public goods are severely under-funded, and there is some evidence of under-funding of multilateral programmes...
    DOI: 10.1787/journal_dev-v4-art21-en
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Note on Benefit Security (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 133-198
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 68 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 133-198
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: A reoccurring motif in pension literature and policy is the search for “benefit security” – that is, assurance to members of a pension regime that, at the end of the working career, they will get some reasonably predictable outcome, either as a pension (benefit stream) or a lump sum. The purpose of this note is to present a simple “thought experiment” to explore this matter and how market mechanisms might be brought more to bear...
    DOI: 10.1787/fmt-v2004-art5-en
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Enhancing the Cost Effectiveness of Public Spending : Experience in OECD Countries (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: economic studies Vol. 2003, no. 2, p. 109-161
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2856
    Language: English
    Pages: 55 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Améliorer le rapport coût-efficacité des dépenses publiques : L'expérience des pays de l'OCDE
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: economic studies
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2003, no. 2, p. 109-161
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: In most OECD countries, public spending rose steadily as a share of GDP over the past decades to the mid-1990s, but this trend has since abated. The spending pressures stemming from the continued expansion of social programmes have been partly compensated by transient or one-off factors. Pressures on public spending, however, appear likely to intensify, in particular as a consequence of ageing populations. Since most OECD economies have very little scope for raising taxation or debt to finance higher spending, reforms to curb the growth in public spending while raising its cost effectiveness are now required. Based on detailed country reviews for over two-thirds of OECD countries, this paper identifies three main areas for action: the budget process; management practices; and the use of market mechanisms in the delivery of public services ...
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-v2003-art10-en
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Widening Access to Higher Education in the UK : Questioning the Geographic Approach (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 101-118
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Élargir l'accès à l'enseignement supérieur au Royaume-Uni : La méthode géographique en question
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 101-118
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This paper examines the development of policies designed to widen access to higher education policy in the United Kingdom. These policies have evolved in the context of the devolution of political authority to the Scottish Parliament and Assemblies in Wales and Northern Ireland, which has resulted in some policy variation. The paper examines the “post-code premium” paid by the funding authorities to universities based on the students from poorer areas. By using Northern Ireland data the paper demonstrates the major problems to this approach arising from the “ecological fallacy”. The paper concludes by expressing surprise that policy developed with little apparent awareness of these problems....
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art9-en
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Media Mergers: Summary of the Discussion (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 147-170
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 25 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les fusions dans les médias : Compte rendu de la discussion
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 147-170
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: The Chairman made three general opening points: market definition is an important issue in most jurisdictions, and seems to be fairly similar across countries; behavioural remedies are heavily used and are highly case specific; and competition authorities are wrestling with the relationship between competition and pluralism issues but generally try to avoid it. Some competition authorities believe that promoting competition in itself promotes pluralism so nothing else is needed from competition authorities. Some contributions note, however, that competition authorities are criticised for ...
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v5-art17-en
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Consumer Sentiment and Economic Activity : A Cross Country Comparison (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis Vol. 2004, no. 2, p. 147-170
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2899
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 2, p. 147-170
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The objective of this article is to reassess the validity of the consumer confidence (or sentiment) indices in anticipating the evolution of economic activity by considering a fairly high number of countries across the world (i.e. France, Germany, Italy, UK, USA, Japan, Canada and Australia) over a period of about thirty years, from the beginning of the seventies till the end of 2002 (quarterly data). To our knowledge this is the first attempt to analyse the consumer confidence index for several countries over such a long period of time. We model the CSIoutput relationship in a cointegrated vector autoregression (VAR) framework, by considering a common set of variables for all countries. Our findings suggest that: (a) what appears to be the main driving forces of consumer confidence cannot be simply summarised on the basis of ...
    DOI: 10.1787/jbcma-v2004-art10-en
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Greener Public Purchasing as an Environmental Policy Instrument (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 3, no. 4, p. 71-105
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les achats publics plus écologiques en tant qu'instrument de la politique environnementale
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 4, p. 71-105
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Governments increasingly include environmental criteria in their purchasing decisions. For example, purchasing guidelines often require that particular products contain a minimum amount of recycled content or achieve specified levels of energy efficiency. Guidelines may also favour – through price preferences, explicit set-asides, or other mechanisms – suppliers who exceed official pollution standards, abide by environmental frameworks...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art23-en
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  • 16
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    Online Resource
    Review of Sectoral Reforms in the United Kingdom : Energy and the Professions (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 6, no. 1, p. 175-290
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 117 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examen des réformes sectorielles au Royaume-Uni : Énergie et professions libérales
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 1, p. 175-290
    Keywords: Governance ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: This report analyses the institutional set up and use of policy instruments to regulate the gas and electricity sectors and the liberal professions in the United Kingdom. In the energy sector, the pace and scope of reform have been, and is prospectively, very rapid. However, there are still some tensions between the energy regulator and the competition authority, and some specific energy regulatory issues arise from the extension of market frameworks into areas previously controlled by traditional natural monopoly regulation. Also the interface of energy market regulation and social and environmental issues appears partly blurred. The report focuses as well on Professions, a significant component of the services sector, which is thriving in the UK. It discusses the process and outcomes from the recent extension of the UK competition law to cover professions, which ...
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v6-art4-en
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  • 17
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    Incentives and Institutional Changes in Higher Education (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 27-39
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 16 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Incitations et changements institutionnels dans l'enseignement supérieur
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 27-39
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Educational systems worldwide still continue to rely heavily on public sources of funding. Nearly 80% of the expenditure on higher education comes from public sources in OECD countries; the share is even larger in developing countries. There is a concerted effort in many countries to reduce the reliance on state funding and move towards market-friendly reforms. This involves adjustment in the macro-policy framework to induce change at the institutional level. Institutional changes could be brought about either by relying on “mandates” or on “rewards”. Mandates demand a particular form of institutional behaviour that is accompanied by the threat of punishment for a failure to comply. Rewards, on the other hand, provide incentive and motivation to change. Both rewards and incentives become effective when public policy provides a choice in behavioural changes at the institutional level. The motivation for a change of behaviour will depend on the level of performance that conditions a reward on the one hand and on the expectation for obtaining a reward, on completion of the task, on the other. In general, mandates are more easily complied with when institutions are struggling to survive, whereas incentives and rewards are preferable when institutions are striving to revive and grow. Incentives and reward systems are relied upon in many countries to induce changes in higher education. This paper will focus on the potential of effecting institutional changes through incentives...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art4-en
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  • 18
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    Labour Force Participation of Women : Empirical Evidence on The Role of Policy and Other Determinants in OECD Countries (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: economic studies Vol. 2003, no. 2, p. 51-108
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2856
    Language: English
    Pages: 60 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les femmes sur le marché du travail : Évidence empirique sur le rôle des politiques économiques et autres déterminants dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: economic studies
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2003, no. 2, p. 51-108
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper examines the determinants of female labour force participation in OECD countries. The econometric analysis uses a panel data set covering 17 OECD countries over the period 1985-1999, and distinguishes between part-time and full-time female participation rates. It shows a positive impact on female participation of a more neutral tax treatment of second earners (relative to single individuals), childcare subsidies, and paid maternity and parental leave. On the other hand, child benefits reduce female participation due to an income effect and their lump-sum character. Female education, the general labour market conditions, and cultural attitudes remain major determinants of female participation. Simulations illustrate the potentially significant impact that some of the examined policies could exert on female participation ...
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-v2003-art9-en
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  • 19
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    Competition Policy in Subsidies and State Aid (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 6, no. 1, p. 109-173
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 63 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Concurrence, subventions et aides d'État
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 1, p. 109-173
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Many sectors of OECD economies are strongly influenced by government policies, which provide financial support, assistance or aid to individual firms in an industry. Subsidies like regulations maybe either beneficial or harmful, either promoting welfare or distorting competition, depending on the circumstances. A roundtable discussion held in the Competition Committee in February 2001 focused on subsidies which arise whenever an enterprise or a consumer receives a benefit whose cost is wholly or partly, directly or indirectly, paid by the state. The roundtable discussed notably the different forms of control, and how they distinguish legitimate from illegitimate subsidies; it explored as well the nature of these controls, and in particular to what extent they are part of a broader system of ...
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v6-art3-en
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  • 20
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    Coincident and Leading Indicators of Manufacturing Industry (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 109-131
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2899
    Language: English
    Pages: 23 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 109-131
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The Swiss Institute for Business Cycle Research regularly conducts business tendency surveys (BTS) amongst manufacturing firms. The information thus generated is available with a publication lead to the official Swiss sales, production, order and inventory statistics. It is shown that the survey data can be used to generate reasonably precise estimates of the reference series with leads of at least one quarter. Specifically, cross-correlations of quarterly series are computed to screen the data for pairs of highly correlated business tendency survey series and corresponding official statistics. All pairs are identified where the maximum correlation shows up simultaneously or with a lead of the survey based series and exceeds a given threshold...
    DOI: 10.1787/jbcma-v2004-art7-en
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    DAC Development Partnership Forum : Managing for Development Results and Aid Effectiveness (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 41-71
    Details
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Forum des partenaires au développement organisé par le CAD : Pour une gestion axée sur les résultats du développement et l'efficacité de l'aide
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 41-71
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: This part of the publication contains the report on the DAC Development Partnership Forum “Managing for Development Results and Aid Effectiveness” (Paris, 11-12 December 2002). The purpose of the Forum was to bring together donors and partners to discuss experience in results-oriented reforms. The report focuses on the implications of the results agenda on public sector management, measurement and reporting issues, public accountability and Donor/Partner co-ordination...
    DOI: 10.1787/journal_dev-v4-art22-en
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  • 22
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    Incentives and Accountability : The Canadian Context (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 95-107
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 16 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Incitations et transparence : Le contexte canadien
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 95-107
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Since 1997, the Canadian federal government has introduced a variety of new incentives to enhance significantly the funding of university research in this country. While these funding initiatives have been welcomed by Canadian universities, they are accompanied by a heightened emphasis on accountability which dictates new eligibility conditions for universities’ access to these funds. Given that research and innovation have become more central and significant spending categories for the federal public purse, universities in Canada are increasingly subject to public scrutiny, due to concerns for public accountability and safety. The new programs often involve more strategic central co-ordination and consequently require that the university administration, and not just faculty, justify funding requests. Universities are also expected to demonstrate compliance with a growing array of federally codified guidelines and regulations. These federal expectations of accountability are multiplying as both the investment in research and the different types of funding ...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art18-en
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  • 23
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    Capital Stocks, Capital Services and Multi-Factor Productivity Measures (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: economic studies Vol. 2003, no. 2, p. 163-184
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2856
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mesure des stocks de capital, des services du capital et de la productivité multifactorielle
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: economic studies
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2003, no. 2, p. 163-184
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Capital services measures have long been recognised as the appropriate concept to capture capital input in production and productivity analysis. However, only few countries’ statistical agencies construct and publish such capital services measures. This paper describes capital services measures developed by OECD and presents estimation methods and results for the G7 countries. By way of example, the consequences of applying capital services measures instead of measures of gross or net capital stocks in the computation of rates of multi-factor productivity growth are examined for three countries, the United States, France and Australia ...
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-v2003-art11-en
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  • 24
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    Joint Assessment of Ownership and Partnership in Tanzania : Comparative Review of the Aid Programmes of Denmark, Finland, Ireland and Japan (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 111-176
    Details
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Language: English
    Pages: 67 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Analyse conjointe de l'appropriation et du partenariat en Tanzanie : Examen comparatif des programmes d'aide du Danemark, de la Finlande, de l'Irlande et du Japon
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 111-176
    Keywords: Development ; Tanzania, United Republic of
    Abstract: This Joint Assessment compares the strengths of four donors in Tanzania, namely Denmark, Finland, Ireland and Japan, as well as the challenges facing them, and makes observations on their aid programmes. The aim of the Joint Assessment of these four donors (2-13 March 2003) was to understand the way in which the implementation of donors’ partnership strategies contributes to country ownership. The paper looks at the challenges for donors posed by the Tanzanian aid co-ordination mechanisms, which strongly promote Tanzanian ownership of the development programme. It concludes with a series of lessons for DAC donors...
    DOI: 10.1787/journal_dev-v4-art29-en
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  • 25
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    Modelling Short-term Interest Rates in the Euro Area Using Business Survey Data (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 43-69
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2899
    Language: English
    Pages: 27 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 43-69
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Interest rates play a key role in free market economies. According to the Taylor rule, shortterm interest rates depend on deviations of the current inflation rate from a normative value and of the output gap. Given the difficulty of observing the output gap, we postulate that alternative indicators of pressure on capacity should be monitored, especially those obtained from business surveys. Primarily, our work compares those empirically observed capacity utilization figures (CU) with the difference between actual and potential GDP, and tries to assess monetary policy on the basis of these indicators. The analysis of monetary policy is done in the first case by using a simple single equation framework and in a next step by using a more advanced vector autoregressive model. Given the fact that the survey measure of output gap captures only manufacturing and thus omits the important service sector which has a high share in value added we constructed a more comprehensive measure of capacity utilization (CU*). The new indicator is based on CU in manufacturing industry and on the confidence indicator for services...
    DOI: 10.1787/jbcma-v2004-art4-en
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  • 26
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    Systemic Responsiveness in Tertiary Education : An Agenda for Reform (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 73-93
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Capacité d'adaptation générale dans l'enseignement supérieur : Programme de réforme
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 73-93
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Over the last several years the author conducted 126 interviews and held four focus groups with academic staff, administrators and others associated with Australian universities, about the problems and challenges they believed faced the system of tertiary education. Widespread concern and pessimism pervaded the interviews about the future of tertiary education in Australia. Approximately three quarters of the interviewees said that the system was worse, or certainly no better, today than a decade ago; a similar number held out little hope that the system would improve, if not deteriorate further, in a decade. In this article the author outlines what he sees as systemic barriers to change and then offers suggestions for ...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art17-en
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  • 27
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    Teaching and Research: Some Framework Issues (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 9-18
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 13 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'enseignement et la recherche : Quelques questions fondamentales
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 9-18
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This paper assesses some of the framework issues, of policy and provision, which affect the connections between teaching and research in higher education. The presumption of an essential linkage between research and teaching has in recent years been eroded by the sheer quantities of the system. In spite of the enduring appeal of the Humboldtian model, it was not always assumed in the UK and is not assumed in many other systems. The arguments for and against the connection are noted and assessed. The arguments in favour are mainly in terms of the advantages to research; and arguments from teaching are more ...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art13-en
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  • 28
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    Funding of Public Research and Development : Trends and Changes (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 3, no. 4, p. 41-69
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 29 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le financement de la R-D publique : Évolution et tendances
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 4, p. 41-69
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This paper describes trends and practices in the funding of public research and development (R&D). It is based on a study which was carried out by the OECD’s Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry. The study dealt with several aspects of the governance of public research such as the structures of science systems, priority setting issues, funding and the management of human resources.The paper provides a picture of...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art22-en
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  • 29
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    Issues for Trade and Competition in the Global Context (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 5, no. 3, p. 7-55
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 51 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Questions touchant les échanges et la concurrence dans le contexte international
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 3, p. 7-55
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: The complex relationship between trade policy and competition policy has been under study in the OECD for many years. In response to the Doha Declaration by WTO Ministers (November 2001), the OECD intensified its efforts, focussing on the topics suggested in Paragraphs 23-25 of the Declaration, i) core principles of non-discrimination, transparency and procedural fairness; ii) effective action against hard core cartels; iii) special and differential treatment/flexibility and progressivity; iv) voluntary co-operation in competition law; v) peer review and other possible compliance mechanisms: vi) capacity building and progressive reinforcement of competition institutions. This paper presents a synthesis of the work that has been done on each of these topics by the OECD Joint Group on Trade and Competition and the Competition Committee. It was discussed on the occasion of the Joint Global Forum on Trade and Competition in May 2003, which brought together participants from over 70 economies, international organisations and non-governmental organisations to dialogue and moved forward the debate. The proceedings of the Forum have been published...
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v5-art10-en
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  • 30
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    Gestalt Revisited : Spin-offs and Assessment in International University Co-operation (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 65-82
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La Gestalt revisitée : Retombées et évaluation de la coopération universitaire internationale
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 65-82
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: International university co-operation is in a constant state of metamorphosis. Its future rests upon extraneous forces such as globalization and internationalization and also upon those who make policy decisions. Many international university organizations are auditing their programs and initiatives to such a degree that the cost effectiveness of such quality control measures are put into question. Institutional leaders are often forced to contend with low morale, trying their best to bolster a sense of hope, meaning and potential to international initiatives that are more likely to be financially sound than altruistic. Although current data suggest that bottom-top approaches to international co-operation are more likely to withstand the changes of time, it is often left to top-bottom directives to set a course for action. Drawing upon a specific and recently updated research study, this paper examines salient programs and initiatives that would otherwise not exist had it not been for certain policy makers who have actively advocated and promoted international university co-operation. It is in this vein that Wertheimer’s Gestalt approach is re-examined....
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art7-en
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  • 31
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    Central Africa and the Cross-border Regions : Reconstruction and Integration Prospects (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 43-109
    Details
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Language: English
    Pages: 68 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'Afrique Centrale et les régions transfrontalières : Perspectives de reconstruction et d'intégration
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 43-109
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: The study in question shows the potential embodied in the regional forces around three large Central African basins: the North West basin (Atlantic Ocean), the East basin (Indian Ocean) and the South basin (southern Africa). It serves as a back-up to the Initiative for Central Africa (INICA) which is an informal framework for dialogue and a bridge between the local and regional levels, the aim of which is to provide backing for regional actors who develop initiatives conducive to a return to peace and stability in the region...
    DOI: 10.1787/journal_dev-v4-art28-en
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  • 32
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    Media Mergers : Synthesis by the Secretariat (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 73-78
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 7 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les fusions dans les médias : Synthèse par le Secrétariat
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 73-78
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Reviewing media mergers may be more complicated than reviewing other mergers because of the huge variety of possible media content and the two-sided market aspect of many media, i.e. those earning advertising revenue. A wide variety of content means that market definition is rendered more complex. The twosided market characteristic has important and sometimes far from obvious impacts on how mergers affect economic efficiency, media plurality and content diversity...
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v5-art15-en
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  • 33
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    Managing University Clinical Partnership : Learning from International Experience (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 63-71
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 12 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gérer le partenariat clinique avec les universités : Leçons tirées de l'expérience internationale
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 63-71
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Dialogue between the leaders of academic clinical organisations in different countries has revealed that the core elements of the partnership between universities and health care systems are remarkably consistent across national boundaries. There is now an impetus to move beyond analysis of common challenges and towards strategies for success that draw on international experience. This paper summarises some of the conclusions that emerged when leaders of teaching hospitals, health care systems, health professional schools and universities met to learn from international experience and to identify strategies for success. The conclusion reached is that these organisations must articulate their unique role in national health systems, communicate their ...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art16-en
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  • 34
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    Growing Research : Challenges for Latedevelopers and Newcomers (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 119-140
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 25 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Développer une activité de recherche : Les défis qui attendent les retardataires et les nouveaux venus
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 119-140
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Across OECD countries, governments, policy makers and university managers are examining the future of higher education and questioning the role of educational research. These discussions are taking place against the backdrop that knowledge production and the contribution of higher education to the economy and the prestige and standing of nations is rapidly transforming the once benign higher education system into a competitive market place. Moreover, many governments believe the existing system of funding and/or organisation is no longer sustainable. Should research funding be spread equitably across many institutions or should only a few concentrate on research and the rest focus on teaching and training? If massification was a major force on higher education in OECD countries in the latter half of the 20th century, then competition driven in part by institutional research capacity is playing a similar role in the early 21st century. These forces are influencing in a very directive way how individual institutions are organising and managing themselves. This article looks at the specific challenges faced by new and emerging higher education institutions of growing research from a “fragile base”. In the process, their experiences raise wider questions for both higher education institutions and governments...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art10-en
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  • 35
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    DAC Peer Review of Finland (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 229-301
    Details
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Language: English
    Pages: 74 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examen du CAD par les pairs : Finlande
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 229-301
    Keywords: Development ; Finland
    Abstract: This review contains the Main Findings and Recommendations of the Development Assistance Committee and the report of the Secretariat. It was prepared with examiners from Denmark and New Zealand for the review on 17 June 2003. The principal issues covered were explicit attention to poverty reduction, predictable growth to an ODA/GNI ratio of 0.7% by 2010, a strategy for increased multilateral aid, a clear position on policy coherence for development and increased staff capacity in embassies in partner countries. This report is published on the authority of the Secretary-General of the OECD...
    DOI: 10.1787/journal_dev-v4-art25-en
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    Competition Law and Policy in South Africa (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 7-69
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 64 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Politique et droit de la concurrence en Afrique du Sud
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 7-69
    Keywords: Governance ; South Africa
    Abstract: One of the elements of South Africa’s peaceful revolution over the last decade was reform of its competition policy institutions. The previous system had supported the previous economic system, characterised by autarky, protection, government direction, and high concentration. The new system promised to use competition policy to correct the faults of the old system and to promote policy goals of employment and empowerment. South Africa aspires to a modern competition policy regime, to deal with the well-resourced sophistication of much of the South African economy. Its new institutions, whose novelty responds in large part to the post-1994 imperative for fundamental restructuring of government institutions, have shown a capacity to deal confidently with complex structural issues in deciding dozens of merger cases. A legalistic business and government culture has challenged these new bodies to prove their competence and tested their jurisdiction. Now that the merger review process has been established, more attention should be paid to non-merger matters and probably to advocacy as well. Resources are stretched, and there is a critical need to improve the depth and strengthen the capacity of the professional staff. Maintaining consistent competition policy in regulated sectors will requiring reinforcing the relationships with sectoral regulators ...
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v5-art14-en
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  • 37
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    Detecting Cyclical Turning Points : The ABCD Approach and Two Probabilistic Indicators (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis Vol. 2004, no. 2, p. 193-225
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2899
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 2, p. 193-225
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The intricate issue of detecting and forecasting macroeconomic cycles turning points has been once more perfectly illustrated with the global downturn experienced by most countries around the world in 2000-2001. Governments and Central Banks are very sensitive to economic indicators showing signs of deterioration in order to adjust their policies sufficiently in advance to avoid further deterioration or even a recession. These indicators require at least two qualities: they must be reliable and they must provide a readable signal as soon as possible. In this paper, we discuss ...
    DOI: 10.1787/jbcma-v2004-art12-en
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  • 38
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    Teaching and Research: The Idea of a Nexus (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 19-30
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 15 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La relation enseignement-recherche
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 19-30
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: The article explores whether the idea of a nexus between research and teaching is still influential, what meanings are attached to it and within what concepts of higher education. It draws on research into the perceptions of two groups of actors, academics and students, and some recent scholarly analyses of the issues. It argues that the idea of the nexus is still important to academics and a range of students. It is embedded in a world in which academic definitions of knowledge and higher education remain largely dominant. The recent writings examined are attempts to tighten the conceptual connections between teaching and research ...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art14-en
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  • 39
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    The Impact of GAAP on Fiscal Decision Making : A Review of Twelve Years' Experience with Accrual and Output-based Budgets in New Zealand (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 3, no. 4, p. 7-40
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 34 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les incidences des principes comptables généralement admis GAAP sur la prise de décision budgétaire : Bilan de douze années d'expérience de la budgétisation sur la base des droits constatés et des produits en Nouvelle-Zélande
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 4, p. 7-40
    Keywords: Governance ; New Zealand
    Abstract: This paper reviews the theory and the rhetoric for accrual accounting and budgeting by government. Reference is made to generally accepted accounting practice (GAAP) in New Zealand. An historical summary is provided of 12 years of accrual budgets and, using this as a base, assessments are made of the actual benefits that have been achieved...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art21-en
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    Markov Switching Models for GDP Growth in a Small Open Economy : The New Zealand Experience (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis Vol. 2004, no. 2, p. 227-257
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2899
    Language: English
    Pages: 31 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 2, p. 227-257
    Keywords: Economics ; New Zealand
    Abstract: This paper fits Markov switching models to quarterly New Zealand aggregate GDP growth rates for the period 1978:1 to 2003:2 in order to analyse changes in mean and volatility over time. The models considered are drawn from a simple class of parsimonious, four state, Markov switching models which encompass a wide range of stationary time series behaviour from linear AR(1) models to non-linear models with persistent cycles and outliers. An overall objective is to use the models to help understand and identify changes in the historical growth performance of New Zealand's small open economy, particularly pre and post wide ranging economic reforms. Conclusions to emerge are that, in contrast to the 1980s, New Zealand GDP growth experienced an unusually long period of time in high growth and low volatility regimes since the early 1990s. In addition, New Zealand does not appear to have ...
    DOI: 10.1787/jbcma-v2004-art13-en
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    Philanthropic Foundations and Development Co-operation (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 73-148
    Details
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Language: English
    Pages: 77 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fondations philanthropiques et coopération pour le développement
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 73-148
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Philanthropic foundations have made important contributions to development, particularly in agriculture, family planning and infectious diseases control. The most effective interventions have been long-term investments that were based on vision and sound scientific understanding, and were well integrated with local capacities. Foundations’ total expenditure on developmental activities is now about $3 billion annually, mostly from large U.S. foundations. Foundations are increasingly involved in public-private partnerships whose activities range from crop and disease research to improving insfrastructure, especially water supply. They have also evolved innovative approaches to building democratic life in developing countries. Better information exchange with official aid agencies and appropriate fiscal encouragement of their activity can help maximise foundations’ future development contributions...
    DOI: 10.1787/journal_dev-v4-art23-en
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    Detection of Turning Points in Business Cycles (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 93-108
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2899
    Language: English
    Pages: 16 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 93-108
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Methods for continuously monitoring business cycles are compared. A turn in a leading index can be used to predict a turn in the business cycle. Three likelihood based methods for turning point detection are compared in detail by using the theory of statistical surveillance and by simulations. One of the methods is a parametric likelihood ratio method. Another includes a non-parametric estimation procedure. The third is based on a Hidden Markov Model. Evaluations are made of several features such as knowledge of shape and parameters of the curve, types and probabilities of transitions and smoothing. Results on the expected delay time [of](to) a correct alarm and the predictive value of an alarm are discussed...
    DOI: 10.1787/jbcma-v2004-art6-en
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    Competition and Regulation Issues in Telecommunications: Synthesis (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 5, no. 3, p. 141-223
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 80 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Questions de concurrence et de réglementation en matière de télécommunications : Synthèse
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 3, p. 141-223
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: The telecommunications industry has been transformed by increasingly vigorous competitive activity in an environment of rapid technical and regulatory change. As new technologies grow and as competitors enter and expand, firms often seek access to the networks of their competitors. The rules for connecting networks can be critical for the success of new and established networks and can have significant effects on investment. In fact, the most complex questions facing regulators in a potentially competitive telecommunications market are frequently focused on the conditions of access of one network to another’s network. One reason these problems are severe is that, as long as subscribers are only connected to one network, that network has a monopoly over calls that terminate with its subscribers, even if different networks might have competed to obtain that subscriber...
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v5-art12-en
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  • 44
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    Preventing Market Abuses and Promoting Economic Efficiency, Growth and Opportunity (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 6, no. 1, p. 7-108
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 100 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Prévention des abus sur le marché et promotion de l'efficacité économique et de la croissance
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 1, p. 7-108
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Effective competition law and policy are critical to achieving greater levels of economic efficiency, growth, employment and living standards. Pro-competitive reform and sound competition law enforcement have delivered dramatic price reductions, a proliferation of new products, superior quality and service and enhanced innovation wherever they have been embraced. Perhaps more importantly, they have strong links with key pillars of economic growth and development such as investment, governance, the cultivation of an entrepreneurial class, privatisation and trade. Achieving a better appreciation and understanding of these benefits and links is essential to making continued progress in removing ...
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v6-art2-en
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  • 45
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    Debris Impact on Emergency Coolant Recirculation : Workshop Proceedings, Albuquerque NM, USA, 25-27 February 2004 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264006676
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (424 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Safety
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This conference proceedings examines the most recent research and developments related to the impact of debris on emergency coolant recirculation. Held in Albuquerque, New Mexico in February 2004, this proceedings had sessions on safety assessment and regulatory requirements, experimental work, analytical work, and industry solutions. The proceedings present the papers presented as well as a summary of discussions that took place.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264006676-en
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  • 46
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    Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi: Japan 2004 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264106475
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 305.26
    RVK:
    AR 30000
    RVK:
    QT 200
    RVK:
    QT 000
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Japan
    Abstract: This report, part of a series covering around 20 OECD countries, contains a survey of Japan's main barriers to employment for older workers, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers, and a set of policy recommendations to further action by public authorities and social partners.  These recommendations are designed to alleviate some of the pension and health care pressures governments are facing because of ageing populations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264106475-en
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    Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi: Czech Republic 2004 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264016620
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 305.26
    RVK:
    QX 810
    RVK:
    DV 2830
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Czech Republic ; Tschechoslowakei ; Beschäftigungspolitik ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer
    Abstract: This report, part of a series covering around 20 OECD countries, contains a survey of the Czech Republic's main barriers to employment for older workers, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers, and a set of policy recommendations to further action by public authorities and social partners.  These recommendations are designed to alleviate some of the pension and health care pressures governments are facing because of ageing populations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264016620-en
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    Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi: Norway 2004 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264020467
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 305.26
    RVK:
    QM 353
    RVK:
    QX 810
    RVK:
    QC 347
    RVK:
    QG 440
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Norway ; Konferenzschrift 2003 ; Konferenzschrift 2003 ; Konferenzschrift 2003 ; Norwegen ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer ; Beschäftigungspolitik
    Abstract: This report, part of a series covering around 20 OECD countries, contains a survey of Norway's main barriers to employment for older workers, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers, and a set of policy recommendations to further action by public authorities and social partners.  These recommendations are designed to alleviate some of the pension and health care pressures governments are facing because of ageing populations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264020467-en
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  • 49
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    Pension Reform in the Baltic Countries (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264021068
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (266 p.)
    Series Statement: Private Pensions Series no.5
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Reform of the pension regime is continually evolving in the Baltic countries. This publication contains individual country reports, comparative analysis from a regional perspective and examines key policy issues in the private pension sector. It includes perspectives on these issues debated during the Pension Conference organised by the OECD in co-operation with the EU in April 2003 in Tallinn, Estonia. The analyses benefit from in-depth knowledge of OECD experience in these sectors, as well as from experience in other emerging market economies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264021068-en
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  • 50
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    Evaluating Local Economic and Employment Development : How to Assess What Works among Programmes and Policies (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264017092
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (462 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La evaluacion del desarrollo economico y del empleo a nivel local
    Keywords: Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Evaluating Local Economic and Employment Development is one of the few books to examine best practices in evaluating programmes for local and regional economic and employment development. Appropriate for a non-technical readership, this book contains policy proposals for central and local governments aimed at improving the practice of evaluation, enlarging the evidence base for policy and developing a culture of evaluation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264017092-en
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    Private Health Insurance in OECD Countries (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264007451
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: The OECD Health Project
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'assurance-maladie privée dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This report provides the first-ever comparative analysis of the role and performance of private health insurance (PHI) in OECD countries. It analyses PHI markets and identifies policy issues arising from their interdependence with publicly financed health coverage schemes. The report assesses the impact of PHI against health policy objectives, paying special attention to the challenges and benefits associated with different insurance mixes. The analysis identifies strengths as well as areas where private health insurance might pose challenges to health system performance. This report shows how governments can help ensure that PHI markets make a positive contribution to the performance of health systems. Examples of useful practices for developing more efficient and equitable health insurance markets are also presented.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264007451-en
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    Nuclear competence building (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264108516 , 9264108513
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Series Statement: Nuclear development
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Nuclear competence building
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Développement des compétences dans le domaine de l'énergie nucléaire
    DDC: 621.48071
    Keywords: Kernenergie ; Nuklearindustrie ; Ingenieure ; Berufsbildung ; OECD-Staaten ; Kerntechnische Industrie ; Ingenieurwissenschaften ; Know-how
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264108516-en
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    Career Guidance : A Handbook for Policy Makers (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264015210
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (84 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Slovak version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'orientation professionnelle ; Guide pratique pour les décideurs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Bulgarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Czech version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Uddannelses- og erhvervsvejledning; En håndbog for beslutningstagere
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Berufsberatung; Ein Handbuch für politisch Verantwortliche
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Greek version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Orientación professional ; Guía para responsables políticos
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Latvian version)
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Career guidance
    DDC: 331.702
    RVK:
    DL 3000
    Keywords: Karriereplanung ; Erwerbsverlauf ; Unterricht ; Berufsberatung ; OECD-Staaten ; Lebenslanges Lernen ; Education ; Employment ; OECD ; Berufsberatung ; Bildungsberatung
    Abstract: This joint publication of the OECD and the European Commission gives policy makers practical tools to tackle weaknesses in many countries' career guidance systems including limited access, particularly for adults; failure to develop career management skills; inappropriate training; and poor service coordination. In simple, non-technical language, this publication addresses a broad range of policy issues that that are central to the effective delivery of career guidance services. These include: how to widen access to career guidance; ways of improving the quality of career information; ensuring that staff qualifications meet policy objectives; and improving strategic leadership.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264015210-en
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    Entrepreneurship : A Catalyst for Urban Regeneration (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264017320
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (340 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Entrepreneurship
    RVK:
    QK 300
    Keywords: Entrepreneurship ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Wirtschaftsförderung ; Städtischer Niedergang ; Stadterneuerung ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services ; Konferenzschrift ; Stadtentwicklung ; Unternehmerverhalten
    Abstract: This book presents a 'toolbox' of instruments for entrepreneurship development in what often appear to be the most hostile environments for economic development in our cities, showing how entrepreneurship can indeed prosper given the right stimulus. It is based on the proceedings of the conference on Entrepreneurship and Economic Development in Distressed Urban Areas held 7-8 October 2003 in Rome, and organised by the OECD LEED Programme, in collaboration with the EU, the municipality of Rome, and Risorse per Roma.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264017320-en
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    Guidelines for the Protection of Rights of Members and Beneficiaries in Occupational Pension Plans (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Financial Market Trends Vol. 2004, no. 2, p. 199-219 | volume:2004 | year:2004 | number:2 | pages:199-219
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: Financial Market Trends
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 2, p. 199-219
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2004
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2004
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:199-219
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: A central element of the programme of work of the OECD’s Working Party on Private Pensions has been the development of principles of regulation and supervision and guidelines related to the maintenance and oversight of private pension plans and funds. This work has been done in conjunction with the International Network of Pension Regulators and Supervisors (INPRS). The guidelines set forth below specifically address the rights of pension plan members and beneficiaries, an especially vital aspect of any pension programme. The Working Party previously developed and issued in 2000 broad principles applicable to private occupational pensions, titled “Fifteen Principles for the Regulation of Private Occupational Pensions Schemes”1, which were also approved by the INPRS. In 2002 the Working Party issued “Guidelines for Pension Fund Governance.”2 The document, ...
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    Highlights of Recent Trends in Financial Markets (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Financial Market Trends Vol. 2004, no. 2, p. 7-58 | volume:2004 | year:2004 | number:2 | pages:7-58
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (55 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: Financial Market Trends
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 2, p. 7-58
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2004
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2004
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:7-58
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Financial markets have shown resilience in an environment of marked increases in oil and commodity prices and somewhat diminished expectations about the strength of the economic recovery. Major stock markets, which had risen over most of the first quarter, showed some weakening at the end of March, and again in late May and in mid-August, losing part of the gains they had made since the end of the downturn in the first half of 2003. Since then, however, equity markets have risen moderately or at least held steady and bond markets have absorbed, better than had been feared ...
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    Convergence in the Financial Sector : Where Are We Coming from and Where Are We Going? (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Financial Market Trends Vol. 2004, no. 2, p. 61-87 | volume:2004 | year:2004 | number:2 | pages:61-87
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: Financial Market Trends
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 2, p. 61-87
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2004
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2004
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:61-87
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: There is an increasing overlap with, and stronger inter-linkages among, banks, capital markets, insurance companies, and other financial institutions such as hedge funds, resulting in a steady blurring of sectoral and product boundaries. Looking ahead, the pace of overall financial sector convergence is unlikely to slowdown so that the future financial landscape will be characterised by ever stronger interdependences and inter-linkages among financial institutions. Increased interdependence and inter-linkages have led to growing convergence among institutions and products in the OECD area. These developments have led to important new challenges for market participants, ...
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    International Risk Transfer and Financing Solutions for Catastrophe Exposures (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Financial Market Trends Vol. 2004, no. 2, p. 91-121 | volume:2004 | year:2004 | number:2 | pages:91-121
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (35 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: Financial Market Trends
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 2, p. 91-121
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2004
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2004
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:91-121
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: In dealing with extreme economic exposures we normally distinguish between natural catastrophes and man-made disasters. Natural catastrophes refer to abrupt events caused by natural hazards, such as windstorm, flood, drought, earthquake, landslides, avalanches, wildfires, etc., that inflict significant economic and human devastation throughout a geographical region. Man-made disasters, in turn, can be categorised as unintended events, caused by accidents, failures, crashes, explosions, fire, etc., and willful events, often referred to as civil unrest and terrorist acts. Until recently, willful events and specifically terrorist acts constituted a relatively modest share of the total catastrophe losses but suddenly turned into a sizeable loss potential with the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center in 2001, ...
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    Test No. 117: Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water), HPLC Method (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264069824
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (11 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 117; Cœfficient de partage (n-octanol/eau), méthode HPLC
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 117: Cœfficient de partage (n-octanol/eau), méthode HPLC
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes the HPLC method, which permits to determine the partition coefficient (n-octanol/water) (Pow).Reverse phase HPLC is performed on analytical columns packed with a solid phase containing long hydrocarbon chains chemically bound onto silica. The chemicals are retained in the column in proportion to their hydrocarbon-water partition coefficient, with hydrophilic chemicals eluted first and lipophilic chemicals last. The HPLC method covers log Pow in the range of 0 to 6, but it can be expanded to cover the log Pow range between 6 and 10 in exceptional cases. The HPLC operation mode is isocratic. The test substance is injected in the smallest detectable quantities in the column. The retention time is determined in duplicate. The partition coefficient of the test substance is obtained by interpolation of the calculated capacity factor on the calibration graph. For very low and very high partition coefficients extrapolation is necessary.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264069824-en
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    OECD-Prüfungen im Bereich Regulierungsreform: Deutschland : Konsolidierung der wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Erneuerung (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264016125
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (198 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD-Prüfungen im Bereich Regulierungsreform
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform; Germany 2004; Consolidating Economic and Social Renewal
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation ; Allemagne 2004 ; consolider le renouveau économique et social
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform: Germany 2004: Consolidating Economic and Social Renewal
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation : Allemagne 2004 : consolider le renouveau économique et social
    Keywords: Governance ; Germany
    Abstract: Deutschlands Wirtschaft hat viele Jahrzehnte lang ausgezeichnete Ergebnisse erzielt. Der Ordnungsrahmen und das Regulierungssystem des Landes zeichnen sich durch besondere historisch gewachsene Stärken aus, nämlich klare, wohl durchdachte wettbewerbsrechtliche und wettbewerbspolitische Strukturen sowie ein solides Fundament von Regulierungsinstrumenten. Es ist mithin nicht weiter verwunderlich, dass die Regulierungsqualität in einem der Rechtsstaatlichkeit verpflichteten Land wie Deutschland mit seiner traditionell bewährten Verwaltung eines der zentralen Ziele ist. Regulierungsreformen, die auf diesen traditionellen Stärken aufbauen, können die Funktionsweise der Märkte verbessern helfen. Die Bundesregierung hat in jüngster Zeit ein breites Spektrum von Reformen, darunter die „Agenda 2010", mit dem Ziel eingeleitet, die Beschäftigung zu erhöhen, die öffentlichen Ausgaben zu reduzieren und die mit der raschen demographischen Alterung verbundenen Probleme zu meistern. Neben Arbeitsmarktreformen steht die Einführung von mehr Wettbewerb auf wichtigen Produktmärkten, so z.B. im Einzelhandel und im Handwerk, auf dem Programm. Bei der Öffnung der Infrastrukturmärkte müssen ebenfalls noch erhebliche Fortschritte erzielt werden. Der vorliegende Bericht plädiert für eine Anpassung des traditionellen Ordnungsrahmens an die neuen Gegebenheiten, damit die erforderlichen Umstellungen zügiger, zu möglichst geringen Kosten für die Volkswirtschaft sowie unter Einbeziehung aller wichtigen Akteure realisiert werden können. Eine bessere Aufklärung über Reformziele und -nutzen wird dazu beitragen, die Dynamik des Reformprozesses aufrechtzuerhalten und die Akzeptanz in der Bevölkerung zu sichern. Deutschland hat ebenso wie viele andere OECD-Länder eine umfassende Prüfung seiner Regulierungspolitik und -reformen durch die OECD beantragt. Der vorliegende Bericht gibt unter Berücksichtigung des makroökonomischen Kontextes einen Überblick über Erfolge und Herausforderungen der Regulierungsreform, namentlich in den Bereichen Regulierungsqualität, Wettbewerbspolitik und Marktöffnung. Das besondere Augenmerk gilt dabei den Fortschritten bei der Regulierung der Strom-, Gas-, Pharmazeutik- und Telekommunikationsmärkte. In derselben Reihe sind erschienen (in Englisch und Französisch): Regulatory Reform in Canada Regulatory Reform in the Czech Republic Regulatory Reform in Denmark Regulatory Reform in Finland Regulatory Reform in France Regulatory Reform in Greece Regulatory Reform in Hungary Regulatory Reform in Ireland Regulatory Reform in Italy Regulatory Reform in Japan Regulatory Reform in Korea Regulatory Reform in Mexico Regulatory Reform in the Netherlands Regulatory Reform in Norway Regulatory Reform in Poland Regulatory Reform in Spain Regulatory Reform in Turkey Regulatory Reform in the United Kingdom Regulatory Reform in the United States Diese Prüfberichte knüpfen an den OECD Report on Regulatory Reform: Synthesis (1997) und den ergänzenden zweibändigen Bericht OECD Report on Regulatory Reform: Sectoral and Thematic Studies (1997) an.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264016125-de
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    Career Guidance and Public Policy : Bridging the Gap (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264105669
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Orientation professionnelle et politique publique ; comment combler l'écart
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Bildungs- und Berufsberatung; Bessere Verzahnung mit der öffentlichen Politik
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Orientación profesional y políticas públicas ; Cómo acortar distancias
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Orientation professionnelle et politique publique : comment combler l'écart
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Bildungs- und Berufsberatung: Bessere Verzahnung mit der öffentlichen Politik
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Orientación profesional y políticas públicas : Cómo acortar distancias
    RVK:
    DL 3000
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Karriere ; Gleichheit
    Abstract: OECD countries are attaching rising importance to lifelong learning and active employment policies as tools of economic growth and social equity. Effective information and guidance systems are essential to support the implementation of these policies, and all citizens need to develop the skills to self-manage their careers. Yet there are large gaps between these policy goals and the capacity of national career guidance systems. Based upon a review conducted in 14 OECD countries, this publication explores how these gaps might be narrowed. It advocates improved national co-ordination arrangements and greater attention to research and data collection to inform policy makers. It also promotes the development of improved and more specialised training programmes for practitioners and the creation of more specialised career guidance organisations for the delivery of services.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264105669-en
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    A New World Map in Textiles and Clothing : Adjusting to Change (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264018556
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (234 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Textile et vêtement ; Faire face aux mutations
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Textile et vêtement : Faire face aux mutations
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von A new world map in textiles and clothing
    DDC: 338.4/7677
    RVK:
    QR 526
    RVK:
    QM 200
    Keywords: Textilindustrie ; Welttextilabkommen ; Handelsabkommen ; Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Strukturwandel ; Welt ; Entwicklungsländer ; OECD-Staaten ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Textilindustrie ; Internationalisierung ; Bekleidungsindustrie ; Bekleidungshandel ; Außenhandel
    Abstract: In light of the elimination of quantitative import restrictions under the WTO at the end of 2004, A New World Map in Textiles and Clothing identifies the most recent market developments throughout the entire supply chain, from natural fibres to retail distribution. It outlines the policy and regulatory challenges in the fields of trade, labour adjustment, technology and innovation, and suggests a policy framework to help deal effectively with such changes as well as to capitalise on the trade opportunities that are being created through improved market access. “A highly useful contribution to the debate on policy challenges in textiles and clothing, the book stands out from the others in recognising the influence that trade policy measures continue to exert on investment and production decisions, and in providing a synthesis of key market developments and policy issues.” Munir Ahmad, Executive Director, International Textiles and Clothing Bureau “Policy makers in all textile and clothing trading countries would be wise to heed the sound advice proffered in this comprehensive and thorough, fact-based assessment." Laura Baughman, President, Trade Partnership Worldwide, LLC. “A must read for anybody interested in the future of textiles and clothing around the world. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the expected adjustment process in usefully underscoring the role of technology and innovation and the growing importance of the business facilitation agenda.” Carlos A. Primo Braga, Senior Adviser, International Trade Department, The World Bank
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264018556-en
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    Test No. 202: Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264069947
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (12 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 202; Daphnia sp., essai d'immobilisation immédiate
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 202: Daphnia sp., essai d'immobilisation immédiate
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes an acute toxicity test to assess effects of chemicals towards daphnids (usually Daphnia magna Staus). Young daphnids, aged less than 24 hours at the start of the test, are exposed to the test substance at a range of concentrations (at least five concentrations) for a period of 48 hours. Immobilisation is recorded at 24 hours and 48 hours and compared with control values. The results are analysed in order to calculate the EC50 at 48h. Determination of the EC50 at 24h is optional. At least 20 animals, preferably divided into four groups of five animals each, should be used at each test concentration and for the controls. At least 2 ml of test solution should be provided for each animal (i.e. a volume of 10 ml for five daphnids per test vessel). The limit test corresponds to one dose level of 100 mg/L. The study report should include the observation for immobilized daphnids at 24 and 48 hours after the beginning of the test and the measures of dissolved oxygen, pH, concentration of the test substance, at the beginning and end of the test.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264069947-en
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    Science and Technology Statistical Compendium 2004 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264026186
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Compendium statistique 2004 de la science et de la technologie
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The S&T Statistical Compendium 2004 was prepared for the January 2004 meeting of the Committee for Scientific and Technological Policy (CSTP) at Ministerial level and mainly draws on databases, indicators and methodology developed by the CSTP’s Working Party of National Experts on Science and Technology Indicators (NESTI) Working Party, and compiled by the Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry (DSTI). It presents a wide selection of the most policy-relevant and internationally comparable indicators currently available in the field of science and technology. The document looks at the state of science and technology in the OECD across four broad dimensions:• Section A: Innovation and R&D.• Section B: Human Resources in Science and Technology (HRST).• Section C: Patents.• Section D: Other areas (ICT, globalisation, industrial structure).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264026186-en
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    SET: National Accounts of OECD Countries : Volume IIIa - Financial Accounts - Flows and Volume IIIb - Financial Balance Sheets - Stocks - 1991-2002, 2004 Edition = SET : Comptes nationaux des pays de l'OCDE : Volume IIIa - Comptes financiers - Flux et Volume IIIb - Comptes de patrimoine financier - Stocks - 1991-2002, Édition 2004 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264018297
    Language: Multiple languages , English , French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (934 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Mitgliedsstaaten ; Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnung
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264018297-en-fr
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    Test No. 222: Earthworm Reproduction Test (Eisenia fetida/Eisenia andrei) (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070325
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (18 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 222; Essai de reproduction chez le lombric (Eisenia fetida/Eisenia andrei)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 222: Essai de reproduction chez le lombric (Eisenia fetida/Eisenia andrei)
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline is designed to be used for assessing the effects of chemicals in soil on the reproductive output (and other sub-lethal end points) of the earthworm species Eisenia fetida or Eisenia andrei. Adult worms are exposed to a range of concentrations of the test substance either mixed into the soil or applied to the soil surface. The range of test concentrations is selected to encompass those likely to cause both sub-lethal and lethal effects over a period of eight weeks. The limit test corresponds to one dose level of 1000 mg/kg. This study includes the observation of unusual behaviour and morphology, the counting and weighing of the adult worms after the four primary weeks, the number of juveniles hatched at the end of the second 4-week period. The reproductive output of the worms exposed to the test substance is compared to that of the control(s) in order to determine the no observed effect concentration (NOEC) and/or ECx by using a regression model to estimate the concentration that would cause a x % reduction in reproductive output. The test concentrations should bracket the ECx so that the ECx then comes from interpolation rather than extrapolation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070325-en
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    Governance im 21. Jahrhundert (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264589360
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Governance in the 21st Century
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La gouvernance au XXIe siècle
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Governance in the 21st Century (Korean version)
    Keywords: Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Mit dem Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts stehen weitere dramatische Umwälzungen in Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft an der Tagesordnung. Das zunehmende Zusammenwachsen internationaler Märkte, die Einführung grundlegend neuer Technologien sowie eine sich verstärkende Wissensintensität menschlicher Tätigkeit deuten auf eine außerordentlich komplexe Welt von morgen. Aber wer soll diese Entwicklungen steuern? Und in welche Bahnen sollen sie gelenkt werden? Welche organisatorischen und institutionellen Voraussetzungen und welche Entscheidungsstrukturen und -prozesse werden auf lokaler, nationaler und globaler Ebene benötigt, um diesen Herausforderungen begegnen zu können?Diese Veröffentlichung untersucht die Chancen und Risiken wirtschaftlicher, gesellschaftlicher und technologischer Natur, denen sich die Entscheidungsträger in den kommenden Jahren zu stellen haben werden, und erforscht die Grundlagen, die es der Gesellschaft erlauben, die Zukunft flexibler und mit der Teilnahme aller gesellschaftlichen Kräfte zu gestalten.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264589360-de
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    Institutional Investors Statistical Yearbook 1992/2001 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English , French
    Edition: Edition 2003
    Keywords: Institutioneller Anleger
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264020009-en-fr
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    Recent Tax Policy Trends and Reforms in OECD Countries (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264016590
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Tax Policy Studies no.9
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La politique fiscale dans les pays de l'OCDE ; Évolutions et réformes récentes
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La politique fiscale dans les pays de l'OCDE : Évolutions et réformes récentes
    Keywords: Taxation
    Abstract: This ninth volume of the OECD Tax Policy Studies series reports on trends in the areas of tax revenues; the ‘tax mix’; and the taxation of labour, dividends, and personal and corporate income. It also looks at value added and environmentally related taxes. The volume reviews recent major tax reforms in Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, Switzerland and the United States. It also covers selected tax policy developments in Austria, Finland, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, the Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Finally, Recent Tax Policy Trends and Reforms in OECD Countries includes discussion of country practices and recent developments in the areas of fiscal decentralisation, “making work pay” policies, corporate tax developments, and the effects of tax policies on research and development practices.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264016590-en
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    Test No. 309: Aerobic Mineralisation in Surface Water Simulation Biodegradation Test (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070547
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (21 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 3
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 309; Minéralisation aérobie dans les eaux superficielles - Essai de simulation de la biodégradation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 309: Minéralisation aérobie dans les eaux superficielles Essai de simulation de la biodégradation
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The purpose of this test is to measure the time course of biodegradation of a test substance at low concentration in aerobic natural water and to quantify the observations in the form of kinetic rate expressions. The test is performed in batch by “pelagic test” or “suspended sediment test” to simulate a water body with suspended solids or re-suspended sediment. The test flasks are incubated in darkness at an environmental temperature under aerobic conditions and agitation during 60 days normally. At least two different concentrations of test substance (non-volatile or slightly volatile organic) should be used. The maximum test concentration should be less than 100µg/L (biodegradation following first order kinetics) and the lowest test concentration preferably in the range of ‹1-10µg/L. Two subsamples should be withdrawn from each test flask at each sampling time. Degradation is followed at appropriate time intervals, by measuring either the residual 14C or the residual concentration of test substance. The total mineralisation and the primary biodegradation are determined by a different 14C labeling part of the molecule. Periodic measurements of pH and oxygen concentration in the test system must be conducted.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070547-en
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    Examen der nationalen Bildungspolitiken : Die tertiäre Bildung in der Schweiz (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264018198
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (207 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education; Tertiary Education in Switzerland 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation ; L'enseignement tertiaire en Suisse 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education: Tertiary Education in Switzerland 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation : L'enseignement tertiaire en Suisse 2003
    Keywords: Education ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Der vorliegende Bericht umfasst zwei Teile. Teil I bildet der von den Schweizer Behörden erarbeitete Länderbericht. Die fünf Kapitel dieses Teils bieten einen Überblick über den Kontext und das spezifische Umfeld der schweizerischen Tertiärbildung und erörtern die politischen Herausforderungen, mit denen der Sektor konfrontiert ist. Struktur und Finanzierung der Tertiärbildung, die Merkmale der Partizipation an und der Bereitstellung von Bildungsmöglichkeiten, das Profil der Forschung, die Merkmale der Lehre und des Lernens sowie der Internationalisierungsprozess werden beschrieben. Ferner werden die derzeit stattfindenden Reformen sowohl aus globaler Sicht als auch auf Ebene des Systems und der Institutionen skizziert.Der Bericht der OECD-Experten, der sich neben anderen Quellen auf den Länderbericht bezieht, bildet Teil II der vorliegenden Publikation. In sechs Kapiteln werden politische Ansätze analysiert und Empfehlungen formuliert. Kapitel 1 zeigt auf, mit welchen Herausforderungen der tertiäre Bildungssektor konfrontiert ist, und nimmt dabei Bezug auf den historischen Kontext und auf die Besonderheiten des schweizerischen Systems. In Kapitel 2 werden Umfang und Struktur des tertiären Bildungswesens in der Schweiz dargestellt. In Kapitel 3 werden Lehre, Studium und Forschung vor dem Hintergrund der Errungenschaften, Problemstellungen und Reformen erörtert, während Kapitel 4 sich mit dem Übergang von Kontrolle undVerwaltung hin zu Steuerung und Management befasst. Die Informationsgrundlagen für die Entscheidungsfindung und die Notwendigkeit ihrer Verbesserung werden in Kapitel 5 diskutiert.Kapitel 6 schliesslich fasst die wichtigsten Erkenntnisse zusammen und nennt Empfehlungen zu weiteren Verbesserungen in den untersuchten Gebieten.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264018198-de
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    The Financial War on Terrorism : A Guide by the Financial Action Task Force (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264106116
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. The financial war on terrorism
    DDC: 364.168
    Keywords: Geldwäsche ; Organisierte Kriminalität ; Terrorismus ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Internationaler Terrorismus ; Finanzierung ; Bekämpfung
    Abstract: The aim of this book is to make a significant contribution to guide countries in the financial war on terrorism. It is published by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development on behalf of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), the international body tasked with spearheading the global campaign against money laundering and terrorist financing. It contains the FATF’s revised and updated recommendations on measures required to block criminal financial activity and cut off terrorist access to assets and funds, together with explanatory texts and examples of international best practice. The volume is prefaced by Jochen Sanio, President of the Financial Supervisory Authority of the Federal Republic of Germany. The Financial War on Terrorism sets out a step-by-step illustrated roadmap for legislators, financial regulators and others involved in combating the financing of terrorists and their organisations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264106116-en
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    Regulatory Governance in South East European Countries : Progress and Challenges (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264017474
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (93 p)
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: In October 2001, the Stability Pact and the OECD launched the Regulatory Governance Initiative (RGI) to strengthen the institutional, knowledge and process capacities for developing and implementing more efficient and effective regulation, supportive of sound and competitive markets. The RGI is one of the policy implementation initiatives under the Investment Compact (the South East Europe Compact for Reform, Investment, Integrity and Growth) of the Stability Pact. This report of the Regulatory Governance Initiative provides an assessment on the progress of regulatory governance reforms in South East Europe (SEE), and the remaining reform challenges. It includes the Governance Action Plans developed by the SEE countries. Short-term reform priorities identified by the countries provide the basis for the Agenda for Regional Action, an overview of main governance reform trends in the SEE region and recommendations for the successful implementation of reforms. The report responds to the decision, taken by the Ministers from South East Europe (SEE) at the meeting in Vienna in July 2003, to place major emphasis on reviewing progress in the area of governance at their 2004 Ministerial meeting. It aims to inform policy-makers, donors, investors and the international community of progress in regulatory governance reforms in South East Europe. Practitioners in the region can draw on this report as a guide for their work in the future.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264017474-en
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    Vom Wohlergehen der Nationen (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264015548
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Well-being of Nations; The Role of Human and Social Capital
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Du bien-être des nations ; Le rôle du capital humain et social
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Well-being of Nations: The Role of Human and Social Capital
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Du bien-être des nations : Le rôle du capital humain et social
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: DIE ROLLE VON HUMAN- UND SOZIALKAPITAL In unserer heutigen, sich rasch wandelnden Welt dürfte der Erfolg von Nationen, Individuen, gesellschaftlichen Gruppen und Gemeinwesen wohl mehr denn je von deren Fähigkeit abhängen, sich dem Wandel anzupassen, Wissen zu erwerben und auszutauschen. Der vorliegende Bericht trägt zur Klärung der Konzepte Human- und Sozialkapital bei und evaluiert deren Einfluss auf Wirtschaftswachstum und Wohlergehen. Der Begriff des Sozialkapitals, der erst seit kurzem in der Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaft existiert, ist bislang noch relativ wenig belegt. Der Bericht stützt sich daher auf eine Reihe empirischer Untersuchungen, die auf potentiell signifikante Beziehungen zwischen Human- und Sozialkapital hindeuten. Den verfügbaren Erkenntnissen zufolge können Human- und Sozialkapital einen entscheidenden Beitrag zu einer ganzen Reihe positiver Ergebnisse leisten, die von höheren Einkommen über stärkeren sozialen Zusammenhalt bis hin zu größerer Lebenszufriedenheit reichen. Auch wenn es keine Belege für systematische „Unterinvestitionen" weder in Human- oder Sozialkapital gibt, werden doch gewisse Bedenken hinsichtlich Verteilung und Qualität beider Kapitalformen geäußert und die Frage untersucht, wie sich diese Aspekte auf das Wohlergehen künftiger Generationen auswirken könnten. Kurzfristig verfügt die staatliche Politik nur über begrenzten Spielraum zur Beeinflussung von Qualität, Niveau und Verteilung des Human- und Sozialkapitals. Langfristig gibt es aber eine Reihe von Bereichen, in denen staatliche, private und ehrenamtliche Akteure zur Verbesserung des Human- und Sozialkapitals beitragen können.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264015548-de
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  • 75
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    Das Lernen Lernen : Voraussetzungen für Lebensbegleitendes Lernen Ergebnisse von PISA 2000 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264106048
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Learners for Life; Student Approaches to Learning; Results from PISA 2000
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Learners for Life: Student Approaches to Learning: Results from PISA 2000
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Im vorliegenden Bericht werden Ergebnisse der internationalen Schulleistungsstudie PISA analysiert, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf der Motivation, dem Vertrauen in die eigenen Fähigkeiten und der Anwendung verschiedener Lernstrategien liegt.Betrachtet werden vor allem solche Merkmale, die zusammengenommen die Wahrscheinlichkeit erhöhen, dass ein Schüler zu einem selbstsicheren und autonomen Lerner wird. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen, dass zwischen den Lernansätzen und den messbaren Lernergebnissen der Schülerinnen und Schüler ein enger Zusammenhang besteht. So erzielen z.B. Schülerinnen und Schüler, die ein ausgeprägtes Leseinteresse zeigen und vergleichsweise stärker auf ihre Fähigkeit zur Lösung ihnen selbst schwierig erscheinender Probleme vertrauen, tendenziell auch bessere Ergebnisse. In dem Bericht wird ferner nachgewiesen, dass ein besonders enger Zusammenhang zwischen der Tendenz der Schülerinnen und Schüler zur Selbstkontrolle des Lernprozesses durch bewusste Beobachtung ihrer Fortschritte bei der Realisierung persönlicher Ziele einerseits und ihrer Motivation und ihrem Selbstvertrauen andererseits besteht. Das legt den Schluss nahe, dass effektives Lernen nicht einfach als spezielle Fertigkeit gelehrt werden kann, sondern in erheblichem Maße von der Entwicklung einer positiven Einstellung abhängt.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264106048-de
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  • 76
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    OECD Territorial Reviews: Athens, Greece 2004 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264015951
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (223 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Greece
    Abstract: This review outlines the key issues which will be important in shaping the future development of Athens, identifies trends in governmental policies and highlights the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the Athens Region. Three policy areas identified as requiring particular attention have been examined: Enhancing economic development and the competitiveness of the Athens Region; Improving governance, in particular spatial planning and implementing regulatory reforms; and capturing benefits of the Olympic Games in the post-Olympic period.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264015951-en
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  • 77
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    The Dairy Sector (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264015906
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Series Statement: Agriculture, Trade and the Environment
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le secteur laitier
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Trade ; Milchwirtschaft ; Umweltbelastung ; Agrarhandel ; Liberalisierung ; Treibhauseffekt
    Abstract: This OECD study takes an in-depth look at the dairy sector in OECD countries in order to see how agricultural subsidies and environmental policies are impacting the environment and international competitiveness of dairy products.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264015906-en
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  • 78
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    Japan (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264106475
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    DDC: 305.26
    RVK:
    AR 30000
    RVK:
    QT 000
    RVK:
    QT 200
    Keywords: Politik ; Older people Employment ; Government policy ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Reform ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Rentenversicherung ; Beschäftigungsplan ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer ; Japan ; Japan ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer ; Beschäftigungsplan ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Rentenversicherung ; Reform
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264106475-en
    URL: Volltext
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    München BSB
    München UB
    Würzburg UB
    Regensburg UB
    KOBV
    BVB
  • 79
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    Norway (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264020467
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    DDC: 305.26
    RVK:
    QC 347
    RVK:
    QG 440
    RVK:
    QM 353
    RVK:
    QX 810
    Keywords: Älterer Arbeitnehmer ; Beschäftigungspolitik ; Norwegen ; Konferenzschrift 2003 ; Konferenzschrift 2003 ; Konferenzschrift 2003 ; Norwegen ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer ; Beschäftigungspolitik
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264020467-en
    URL: Volltext
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    München BSB
    München UB
    Würzburg UB
    Regensburg UB
    KOBV
    BVB
  • 80
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    Czech Republic (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264016620
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    DDC: 305.26
    RVK:
    DV 2830
    RVK:
    QX 810
    Keywords: Politik ; Older people Employment ; Government policy ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer ; Beschäftigungspolitik ; Tschechische Republik ; Tschechoslowakei ; Tschechoslowakei ; Beschäftigungspolitik ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264016620-en
    URL: Volltext
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    München BSB
    München UB
    Würzburg UB
    Regensburg UB
    KOBV
    BVB
  • 81
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    PSA-based Event Analysis (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (23 p.)
    Series Statement: CSNI Technical Opinion Papers no.6
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This technical opinion paper provides the reader with a concise description of both the benefits and disadvantages of using probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) to analyse operational events in nuclear power plants in order to facilitate better operator feedback. The paper's objective is to present decision makers in the nuclear field with a clear technical opinion on how PSA techniques can be used to address this issue. The intended audience is primarily nuclear safety regulators, senior researchers and industry leaders. Government authorities, nuclear power plant operators and the general public may also be interested.
    DOI: 10.1787/e68ed434-en
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  • 82
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    Managing and Regulating Organisational Change in Nuclear Installations (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.)
    Series Statement: CSNI Technical Opinion Papers no.5
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Nuclear licensees are increasingly required to adapt to a more challenging commercial environment as electricity markets are liberalised. One of the costs that is often perceived as being amenable to control is staffing, and hence there is significant exploration of new strategies for managing this cost - for example, by reducing staffing levels, changing organisational structures, adopting new shift strategies, introducing new technology or increasing the proportion of work carried out by external contractors. However, if changes to staffing levels or organisational structures and systems are inadequately conceived or executed they have the potential to affect the way in which safety is managed. In this context, the NEA Committee on the Safety of Nuclear Installations (CSNI) and its Special Expert Group on Human and Organisational Factors (SEGHOF) organised an international workshop to discuss the management and regulation of organisational change in 2001. This technical opinion paper distils the findings of that workshop and sets out the factors that regulatory bodies might reasonably expect to be addressed within licensees' arrangements to manage organisational change. The paper should be of particular interest to both regulators and managers of nuclear utilities.
    DOI: 10.1787/16a1699e-en
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  • 83
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    Human Reliability Analysis in Probabilistic Safety Assessment for Nuclear Power Plants (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.)
    Series Statement: CSNI Technical Opinion Papers no.4
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This technical opinion paper represents the consensus of risk analysts in NEA member countries on the current state of the art of human reliability analysis (HRA) in probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) for nuclear power plants. The paper's objective is to present decision makers in the nuclear field with a clear technical opinion on HRA status as implemented in industrial PSAs. The intended audience is primarily nuclear safety regulators, senior researchers and industry leaders. Government authorities, nuclear power plant operators and the general public may also be interested.
    DOI: 10.1787/4a61f42c-en
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  • 84
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    Test No. 428: Skin Absorption: In Vitro Method (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264071087
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (8 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 428; Absorption cutanée ; méthode in vitro
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 428: Absorption cutanée : méthode in vitro
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test method has been designed to provide information on absorption of a test substance, (ideally radiolabelled), applied to the surface of a skin sample separating the two chambers (a donor chamber and a receptor chamber) of a diffusion cell. Static and flow-through diffusion cells are both acceptable. Skin from human or animal sources can be used. Although viable skin is preferred, non-viable skin can also be used. The skin has been shown to have the capability to metabolise some chemicals during percutaneous absorption. In this case, metabolites of the test chemical may be analysed by appropriate methods. Normally more than one concentration of the test substance is used in typical formulations, spanning the realistic range of potential human exposures. The application should mimic human exposure, normally 1-5 mg/cm2 of skin for a solid and up to 10 µl/cm2 for liquids. The temperature must be constant because it affects the passive diffusion of chemicals. The absorption of a test substance during a given time period (normally 24h) is measured by analysis of the receptor fluid and the distribution of the test substance chemical in the test system and the absorption profile with time should be presented.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264071087-en
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    OECD Territorial Reviews: Montreal, Canada 2004 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264105980
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Montréal, Canada 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE: Montréal, Canada 2004
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Canada
    Abstract: Metropolitan areas in many OECD countries are fragmented into various territorial units, which do not correspond to the larger geography of economic and social problems. While the ensuing mismatch is not a new phenomenon, increasingly, fragmentation appears as one of the root causes of metropolitan dysfunctions, such as internal fiscal disparities, urban sprawl, and spatial polarisation, which in turn constitute an obstacle for competitiveness. This review examines the case of the metropolitan region of Montreal which has undergone one of the most radical institutional reforms in OECD countries. On the one hand, the amalgamations of municipalities led to the creation of the two new cities of Montreal and Longueuil. On the other hand, a new metropolitan body was set up to cover the whole functional and economic area — the Montreal Metropolitan Community (CMM). These institutional reforms provide a valuable opportunity to meet the challenges of Montreal's competitiveness. The new governance framework needs however to be consolidated, especially with regards to clarification of competencies and fiscal responsibilities and resources. Streamlining institutional structures and fiscal resources will not be enough. Implementing and not simply elaborating a comprehensive economic strategy for the whole metropolitan region will be the main challenge for Montreal in the following years.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264105980-en
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  • 86
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    Large-scale Disasters : Lessons Learned (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264020207
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Catastrophes de grande ampleur ; les leçons du passé
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Catastrophes de grande ampleur : les leçons du passé
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics
    Abstract: The September 11th terrorist attacks, the Chernobyl nuclear accident, Hurricane Andrew and the Kobe earthquake are all recent examples of large-scale disasters that have taken a massive toll in human lives, wealth and property. They have disrupted vital systems such as transport and energy supplies and spilled over into neighbouring as well as distant regions. They have also generated widespread anxiety, and in some cases created deep-seated public mistrust of governments' ability to protect their citizens. This book is based on a report prepared between May and July 2003 by a multi-disciplinary team of experts from inside and outside of the OECD. It examines the economic and social impacts of past large-scale disasters, and draws a number of key lessons for the future. Its focus is on better prevention of disasters, and on restoring trust and securing recovery in their aftermath.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264020207-en
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  • 87
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    Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Finland 2003 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264019607
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (115 p.)
    Series Statement: Energy Policies of IEA Countries
    Keywords: Energy ; Finland
    Abstract: The International Energy Agency's 2003 comprehensive review of the energy policies and programmes of Finland. This edition finds that the most important development in the Finnish energy sector in recent years has been the construction of a new nuclear power plant. Scheduled to come on line in 2009 with a capacity between 1.0 and 1.6 GWe, the plant is expected to provide needed generating capacity with zero greenhouse gas emissions. The report suggests that the Finnish government should monitor the plant’s progress and stand ready to act should delay or other obstacles arise. Finland uses international trade and other tools to lower energy costs and increase energy security. Greater international co-operation through Nordpool, in international transmission lines and plans for backup power, and efforts to diversify natural gas supply options would reinforce this policy. While Finland’s light-handed approach to regulation has worked well, the report recommends areas of more proactive regulation, especially in the fields of electricity networks and district heating systems. Finland has agreed to keep GHG emissions at 1990 levels during the first Kyoto commitment period, yet projections show a 15% increase in emissions under business-as-usual conditions. Actively integrating international measures such as emissions trading into domestic programmes and more market-based approaches to renewable energy will ease the path towards Kyoto compliance.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264019607-en
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  • 88
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    The regulatory control of radioactive waste management : overview of 15 NEA member countries (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264106529
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Series Statement: Radioactive waste management
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. The regulatory control of radioactive waste management
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le contrôle réglementaire de la gestion des déchets radioactifs : panorama de 15 pays membres de l'AEN
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264106529-en
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  • 89
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    Keeping Schools Safe in Earthquakes (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264016705
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (244 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: School Safety and Security
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Keeping Schools Safe in Earthquakes; (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Keeping Schools Safe in Earthquakes: (Chinese version)
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Earthquake-prone communities need earthquake-resistant schools. In 2002, a primary school in San Giuliano, Italy, collapsed killing 29 children and one teacher. In May 2003, a medium-sized earthquake in the city of Bingöl, Turkey, caused the collapse of three new schools and a dormitory, killing many children as they slept. All too frequently, earthquakes cause the collapse of school buildings and the injury and death of staff and students. Further, when schools are closed because of earthquake damage, education is hampered, community life disrupted, and potential emergency shelters unavailable. Where school attendance is compulsory, communities have an obligation to provide a safe study and work environment. Why do schools collapse even during moderate earthquakes? Experts agree that many collapse due to avoidable errors in design and construction. Often, the needed technology is not applied and laws and regulations are not sufficiently enforced. Application of existing knowledge can significantly lower the seismic risk of schools and help prevent further injury and death of school occupants during earthquakes. Moreover, this can be accomplished at reasonable cost and within a reasonable period. Keeping Schools Safe in Earthquakes presents expert knowledge, opinions and experiences, and provides valuable insight into the scope of problems involved in protecting schools and their occupants. Its recommendations are a call to action to all governments in OECD and partner countries to help facilitate their implementation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264016705-en
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  • 90
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    Private health insurance in OECD countries (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264007458
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: The OECD Health Project
    Series Statement: The OECD Health Project
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Private health insurance in OECD countries
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. L'assurance-maladie privée dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'assurance-maladie privée dans les pays de l'OCDE
    RVK:
    QX 710
    Keywords: OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Private Krankenversicherung
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264007451-en
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  • 91
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    Pension reform in the Baltic countries (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 926402106X
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Private Pensions Series no.5
    Series Statement: Emerging economies transition
    Series Statement: Private pensions series
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Pension reform in the Baltic countries
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264021068-en
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  • 92
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    Supervising private pensions : institutions and methods (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264016988
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Private Pensions Series no.6
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Series Statement: Private pensions series
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Supervising private pensions
    Keywords: Konferenzschrift
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264016989-en
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  • 93
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    The History of the International Energy Agency : Major Policies and Actions Volume 2 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264021006
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (396 p)
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: Volume II of the History of the International Energy Agency takes up the energy policies and actions of the Agency during its first twenty years, from 1974 to 1994 inclusive. While the weak institutional situation of the industrial countries in the 1973-1974 crisis period made it all but impossible for them to adopt decisive and effective responses, when the time for action came, the reasons for their vulnerability to the oil producer countries were perhaps less their underdeveloped institutions than their essentially optimistic and passive oil management policies during the years preceding the crisis. Other policy choices which might have prevented or softened the crisis were available to them, as Volume II shows.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264021006-en
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  • 94
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    Guidance Document for the Conduct of Skin Absorption Studies (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264078796
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (31 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Series on Testing and Assessment no.28
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This guidance document has been prepared to support technical aspects of the OECD skin absorption test guidelines. In particular is discusses the various aspects of in vivo vs. in vitro testing.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264078796-en
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  • 95
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    Guidance Document on the Use of Multimedia Models for Estimating Overall Environmental Persistance and Long-Range Transport (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264079137
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (83 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Series on Testing and Assessment no.45
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Guidance Document is addressed to those who are involved in risk assessment and management of chemicals called POPs (persistent organic pollutants) or PBTs (persistent and bio-accumulating toxics). It is about using multimedia models, i.e. generic evaluative models that can calculate overall environmental persistence (Pov) and potential for long-range transport (LTRP) covering multiple compartments such as air, water, sediment and soil: what models you can use to identify and characterize POPs/PBTs, what data to use, and how to use model calculations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264079137-en
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  • 96
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    Regulatory Reform and Market Openness : Understanding the Links to Enhance Economic Performance (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 27 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Working Papers no.9
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Papers no.9
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Comprendre la relation entre la réforme de la réglementation et l'ouverture des marchés pour améliorer les performances économiques
    Keywords: Trade
    Abstract: This study examines the interconnections between domestic regulatory reform and market openness by drawing on OECD’s earlier work on the regulatory aspects of trade. Part 1 considers how domestic regulations and regulatory reform affect market openness. It shows how with the help of advanced regulatory reform tools and approaches governments can create regulations and regulatory procedures that efficiently meet their policy objectives while at the same time supporting market access. Part 2 demonstrates that international market opening can contribute to facilitating domestic regulatory reform. Trade agreements signed on the multilateral, regional and bilateral levels can promote general principles or specific elements of good regulation and help guide or drive countries' individual regulatory reform efforts. Finally, part 3 analyzes the mutual benefits of regulatory reform and an open multilateral system for trade and investment. It is argued that by increasing domestic economic efficiency, raising the international competitiveness of domestic enterprises and reducing barriers to trade and investment, traderelated regulatory reform enables countries to take better advantage of trade liberalization and of open global markets.
    DOI: 10.1787/315070506641
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  • 97
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    Measuring Knowledge Management in the Business Sector : First Steps (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264100282
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Knowledge management
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mesurer la gestion des connaissances dans le secteur commercial; premiers résultats
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mesurer la gestion des connaissances dans le secteur commercial: premiers résultats
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Knowledge management involves any activity related to the capture, use and sharing of knowledge by an organisation. Evidence shows that these practices are being used more and more frequently and that their impact on innovation and other aspects of corporate performance is far from negligible. Today, there is a recognition of the need to understand and to measure the activity of knowledge management so that organisations can be more efficient and governments can develop policies to promote these benefits. This book offers a synthetic view of the results of the first systematic international survey on knowledge management carried out by national statistical offices in Canada, Denmark, France and Germany.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264100282-en
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  • 98
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    Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 3 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Exchange, Programme on Educational Building no.2004/13
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La prévention du crime par l'aménagement du milieu
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Applying CPTED (Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design) strategies to schools can significantly contribute to a safer learning environment by influencing the behaviour of students and visitors. CPTED has three overlapping primary concepts that are intended to reduce opportunities for crime as well as fear of crime: access control, surveillance and territorial reinforcement.
    DOI: 10.1787/605207554154
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Test No. 312: Leaching in Soil Columns (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070561
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (15 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 3
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 312; Lixiviation sur des colonnes de sol
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 312: Lixiviation sur des colonnes de sol
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The method described in this Test Guideline is based on soil column chromatography in disturbed soil. Two types of experiments are performed to determine (i) the leaching potential of the test substance, and (ii) the leaching potential of transformation products in soils under controlled laboratory conditions. At least duplicate leaching columns are packed with untreated, air-dried and sieved soil (〈 2 mm) up to a height of approximately 30 cm. Afterwards they are saturated and equilibrated with an “artificial rain” solution and allowed to drain. Then the surface of each soil column is treated with the test substance (non-volatile in water and soil) and/or with aged residues of the test substance. Artificial rain is applied to the soil columns and the leachate is collected. After the leaching process the soil is removed from the columns and is sectioned into an appropriate number of segments depending on the information required from the study. A reference substance (atrazine or monuron) should be used in the leaching experiments. For each soil segment and leachate fraction, the amounts of test substance, transformation products, non-extractables and, if included, of the reference substance should be given in % of applied initial dose.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070561-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Unternehmerische Initiative und innovative KMU in einer globalen Wirtschaft fördern (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264065628
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (40 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Promoting Entrepreneurship and Innovative SMEs in a Global Economy
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Promouvoir l'entreprenariat et les PME innovantes dans une économie mondialisée
    Keywords: Industry and Services
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264065628-de
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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