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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (850)
  • 2005-2009  (850)
  • 1945-1949
  • 2006  (850)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (850)
Datasource
Material
Language
Years
  • 2005-2009  (850)
  • 1945-1949
Year
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
Subjects(RVK)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Limposition des familles actives : Une analyse de la répartition (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264035706
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p)
    Series Statement: Études de politique fiscale de l'OCDE 12
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Taxing Working Families: A Distributional Analysis
    Keywords: Electronic books
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Avant-propos""; ""Table des mati�res""; ""Résumé""; ""Partie I. Rapport analytique ""; ""Chapitre 1. Rapport analytique ""; ""1. Introduction""; ""Tableau I.1.1. Les catégories de ménages définies dans le rapport Les imp�ts sur les salaires""; ""2. Le cadre théorique""; ""3. Les données et leurs limites""; ""Encadré I.1.1. La démarche adoptée dans le rapport Les imp�ts sur les salaires""; ""Tableau I.1.2. L�ouvrier moyen de la production � niveau de salaire, imp�ts payés, taux d�imposition effectifs, 2002""; ""4. Méthodologie""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Encadré I.1.2. �valuer l�effet redistributif des imp�ts""""Encadré I.1.3. Revenu équivalent et bar�mes d�équivalence""; ""Notes""; ""Annexe I.1.A1. L'indice de redistribution fiscale ""; ""Graphique I.A1.1.""; ""Graphique I.A1.2.""; ""Notes""; ""Chapitre 2. Les trois dimensions de l'inégalité ""; ""1. Les trois dimensions de l�inégalité""; ""1.1. Analyse de l�impact des imp�ts sur l�inégalité verticale""; ""1.2. Analyse de l�impact des imp�ts sur l�inégalité horizontale""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""1.3. Analyse comparative du régime fiscal des couples à un apporteur de revenu et des couples à deux apporteurs de revenu""""Encadré I.2.1. Le régime fiscal applicable aux familles dans les pays de l�OCDE""; ""Tableau I.2.1. All�gements fiscaux forfaitaires liés à la situation familiale et à la présence d�enfants à charge, 2002""; ""Tableau I.2.2. Revenus équivalents calculés selon différents bar�mes d�équivalence""; ""Tableau I.2.3. Unité fiscale, 2002""; ""2. Résultats""; ""2.1. L�inégalité verticale""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Tableau I.2.4. Progressivité verticale de l�imp�t par catégorie de ménages, 2002""""Graphique 1.2.1. Réduction de l�écart des revenus pour les salaires faibles""; ""Graphique 1.2.2. Réduction de l�écart des revenus pour les salaires élevés""; ""Graphique 1.2.3. Réduction de l�écart des revenus pour les ménagesà deux apporteurs de revenu""; ""Encadré I.2.2. L�imp�t sur le revenu des personnes physiques et les cotisations de sécurité sociale dans les pays de l�OCDE""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Tableau I.2.5. Imp�ts sur le revenu des personnes physiques en pourcentage du PIB et total des recettes fiscales, 1998-2000""""Tableau I.2.6. Cotisations salariales de sécurité sociale en pourcentage du PIB et du total des recettes fiscales, 1998-2000""; ""Tableau I.2.7. Décomposition de l�indice de RS par progressivité (indice de Kakwani) et par taux d�imposition moyen, 2002 (%)""; ""Encadré I.2.3. Les inégalités de revenus dans les pays de l�OCDE""; ""Tableau I.2.8. �volution du coefficient de Gini entre le milieu des années 80 et le milieu des années 90""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Tableau I.2.9. Autres indices d�inégalité""
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264035690-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Political Economy of Environmentally Related Taxes (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264025523
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (202 p.)
    Parallel Title: Print version The Political Economy of Environmentally Related Taxes
    DDC: 363.7
    RVK:
    QT 200
    Keywords: Electronic books ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Umweltsteuer ; Umweltpolitik
    Abstract: Environmentally related taxes are increasingly used in OECD countries, and ample and increasing evidence of their environmental effectiveness is now available. However, there remains a high potential for wider use of these environmental policy instruments, provided that they are well designed and that their potential impact on international competitiveness and income distribution are properly addressed. Based on experience in OECD countries, this book provides a comprehensive discussion of these issues and of recent research on the environmental and economic impacts of applying environmentally
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword; Table of Contents; Executive Summary; Chapter 1. Introduction, Background and Main Findings; Chapter 2. Current Use of Environmentally Related Taxes; Chapter 3. Environmental Effectiveness; Chapter 4. The Sectoral Competitiveness Issue - Theoretical Studies; Chapter 5. The Sectoral Competitiveness Issue - Border Tax Adjustments; Chapter 6. The Sectoral Competitiveness Issue - Ex post Studies; Chapter 7. Impacts on Income Distribution; Chapter 8. Administrative Costs; Chapter 9. Enhancing Public Acceptance; Chapter 10. Environmentally Related Taxes Used in Instrument Mixes
    Description / Table of Contents: Technical annex. Estimation of Price ElasticitiesReferences;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264025530-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Supermarkets and the Meat Supply Chain : The Economic Impact of Food Retail on Farmers, Processors and Consumers (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264028876
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (113 p.)
    Parallel Title: Print version Supermarkets and the Meat Supply Chain : The Economic Impact of Food Retail on Farmers, Processors and Consumers
    DDC: 338.1
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Fleischmarkt ; Lebensmittelgroßhandel ; Lebensmitteleinzelhandel ; Supermarkt ; Preisbildung ; Fleischindustrie ; Fleischverarbeitende Industrie ; Fleischverbrauch
    Abstract: This volume examines developments in the food economy, focusing on the economic impacts of increasing retailer concentration on consumers, processors and farmers. The document estimates retail market power and assesses price transmission in the beef, pork and poultry supply chains of Canada, the Czech Republic, Japan and the Netherlands. In addition, farm marketing strategies are examined in three case studies: retail versus other labelling in the Belgian pork and beef supply chains; producer organisation in Dutch horticulture; and contract rearing in livestock production in the EU
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264028883-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dynamiser les échanges : Les enjeux du développement dans le système commercial multilatéral (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264025608
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (289 p)
    Series Statement: Études de l'OCDE sur la politique commerciale
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trading Up: Economic Perspectives on Development Issues in the Multilateral Trading System
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Entwicklungsländer ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Welthandel ; Liberalisierung
    Description / Table of Contents: ""AVANT-PROPOS""; ""TABLE DES MATIÃ?RES""; ""RÃ?SUMÃ?""; ""RÃ?FÃ?RENCES""; ""ACRONYMES""
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264025615-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Améliorer les compétences : Vers de nouvelles politiques (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264012523
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (367 p)
    Series Statement: Développement économique et création d'emplois locaux (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Skills Upgrading: New Policy Perspectives
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Berufsbildung ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Angelernter Arbeiter ; Qualifikation ; Berufsbildung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Betriebliche Fortbildung ; Mitarbeiterschulung
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Avant-propos""; ""Table des mati�res""; ""Abréviations et acronymes""; ""Résumé""; ""Chapitre 1. Une introduction à l�amélioration des compétences : pourquoi un changement de politique est nécessaire""; ""D�un probl�me conjoncturel à un probl�me structurel""; ""Un monde du travail en mutation""; ""Un échec de la gestion publique et une défaillance du marché""; ""Probl�mes nationaux, solutions locales""; ""Une réorientation des politiques s�impose""; ""Notes""; ""Bibliographie""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Chapitre 2. De la réinsertion professionnelle à l�amélioration des compétences au travail : concepts et politiques publiques""""Des politiques de retour à l�emploi aux dispositifs d�amélioration des compétences au travail : enjeux et obstacles""; ""L�importance du facteur géographique""; ""L�importance des entreprises""; ""L�importance des définitions""; ""Tableau 2.1. Comportements, compétences et qualités des personnes entreprenantes""; ""Tableau 2.2. Risque et incidence des bas salaires par niveau d�instruction dans certains pays de l�OCDE""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Tableau 2.3. Risque et incidence des faibles salaires par ancienneté dans certains pays de l�OCDE""""Tableau 2.4. Les métiers en plus forte croissance au Royaume-Uni, 1992-1999""; ""�volution des métiers et polarisation des compétences""; ""Encadré 2.1. Quelques définitions""; ""Instruments permettant de relever les compétences des personnes peu qualifiées : vue d�ensemble""; ""Stratégies orientées vers les employeurs""; ""Graphique 2.1. Le Cadre institutionnel pour les initiatives en mati�re de rel�vement du niveau des compétences""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Stratégies orientées vers les travailleurs""""Identification et évaluation des compétences""; ""Encadré 2.2. Lâ€?Initiative sur les compétences essentielles (Canada)""; ""Intervenants et modalités institutionnelles : lâ€?organisation du relÃ?vement du niveau des compétences""; ""Une condition préalable : lâ€?impulsion des autorités nationales""; ""Innovation institutionnelle""; ""La création dâ€?organismes de valorisation de la main-dâ€?Å?uvre""; ""Le relÃ?vement des compétences dans le cadre des stratégies de développement économique local""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Diffusion d�informations et de renseignements""""Promotion des alliances et partenariats pour le développement des compétences entre les parties prenantes régionales""; ""Donner aux partenaires sociaux un r�le central dans les stratégies de rel�vement du niveau des compétences""; ""Encadré 2.3. La convention collective sur la formation dans le secteur de la métallurgie dans le Land de Bade-W�rttemberg (Allemagne)""; ""Des défenseurs de la formation aux éducateurs pour adultes : la fonction de courtier""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Encourager la mise en place de partenariats locaux pour le développement des compétences : les impulsions supranationales""
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264012530-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Young Drivers : The Road to Safety (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282113356
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (261 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Jeunes conducteurs ; La voie de la sécurité
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Jóvenes conductores ; El camino hacia la seguridad
    DDC: 363.1257094
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Transport ; Electronic books
    Abstract: With traffic crashes being the single greatest killer of those aged 15-24 in OECD countries, this report provides an overview of the scope of the problem of young driver risk, its primary causes and concrete options to combat it. It systematically examines the specifics of young driver crashes as well as the factors behind the risk such as drugs and alcohol, fatigue, skills acquired, and motivation for safe driving. It then examines countermeasures currently employed as well as new technological innovations which might be helpful.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282113356-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : Corée 2006 (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264024069
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (304 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; Korea 2006
    Keywords: Environment ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: Cette étude approfondie des politiques et programmes environnementaux de la Corée apporte au lecteur des informations sur l’étendue des efforts menés pour atteindre les objectifs nationaux et satisfaire aux engagements internationaux. Le rapport examine les progrès réalisés dans les domaines suivants : la gestion de la pollution, de la nature et de la biodiversité; tout en intégrant les défis environnementaux dans les domaines de l'agriculture, de l'énergie, de la fiscalité et de la politique des transports. L'ouvrage examine aussi l'interface entre l'environnement, le social et les engagements internationaux. Il propose une série de recommandations assorties d'une sélection de données statistiques.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264024069-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Strengthening Inland Waterway Transport : Pan-European Co-operation for Progress (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282113554
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Renforcer le transport par voies navigables ; Aller de l'avant grâce à la coopération paneuropéenne
    DDC: 656.6
    Keywords: Transport ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This publication is a complete collection of the papers presented at the workshop on "Pan-European Co-operation towards Strong Inland Waterway Transport: On the Move" held in Paris on 22 and 23 September 2005. The purpose of the workshop was to establish what progress had been made since the Pan-European Conference on Inland Waterways in Rotterdam in 2001 in preparation for the Bucharest Ministerial Conference, scheduled for September 2006. The papers focus essentially on the development of the inland waterway market in a pan-European context, conditions of competition, infrastructure development and the environment. A summary of the discussions at the workshop and its conclusions are also given. The workshop was jointly organised by the ECMT, UNECE, the Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine and the Danube Commission.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282113554-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    La réaffectation des ressources : Le rôle des institutions budgétaires (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264015753
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (158 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reallocation: The Role of Budget Institutions
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Fiskalpolitik ; Öffentliche Ausgaben ; Anpassung
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Avant-propos""; ""Table des matiÃ?res""; ""1. AperÃu du projet""; ""2. Motifs de réaffectation""; ""3. Le rÃ?le des institutions""; ""4. Perspective empirique""; ""5. Conclusions""; ""Bibliographie""; ""Annexes""
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264034464-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Innovation and Growth in Tourism (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264025028
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (146 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation and growth in tourism
    DDC: 338.4791
    RVK:
    QR 565
    Keywords: Tourismus ; Innovation ; Tourismuspolitik ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Welt ; Tourism ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Tourismus ; Innovation
    Abstract: How is innovation transforming tourism business models? By tackling the subject of innovation, this report touches upon an important dimension of tourism economics rarely examined at the international level. It provides information about the dynamics and characteristics of innovation in tourism, and gives examples of how business models are evolving as a result. It also aims to provide an important contribution to further research and policy work in this area. The report includes a discussion of the conceptual issues regarding innovation in tourism, it illustrates national and industry practices enhancing innovation in tourism, and provides insights into the potential role of tourism policy in innovation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264025028-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Improving Recycling Markets (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264029583 , 9789264029583
    Language: English
    Pages: 186 p. , ill. , 19x27cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Parallel Title: Print version Improving recycling markets
    DDC: 363.72/82
    Keywords: Recycling (Waste, etc.) ; Recycled products ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Recycling
    Abstract: Markets for many classes of potentially recyclable materials are growing. However, market failures and barriers are constraining some markets. Factors such as information failures, technological externalities, and market power can affect the prices, quantity, and quality of materials traded. This report presents the case for the use of industrial policies which address such market failures and barriers and these policies are seen as complements to more traditional environmental policies. Indeed, encouraging ever-higher recycling rates in the absence of such complementary measures may impose very high social welfare costs. This publication covers in particular the markets for waste oils, waste plastics, and used rubber tires.--Publisher's description
    Description / Table of Contents: Binder1.pdf; 001.pdf; 002.pdf; 003_170.pdf; 999.pdf;
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264029583-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Lévaluation environnementale stratégique : Guide de bonnes pratiques dans le domaine de la coopération pour le développement (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264026599
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (178 p)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices et ouvrages de référence du CAD
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Applying Strategic Environmental Assessment: Good Practice Guidance for Development Co-operation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Directrices y obras de referencia del CAD : La Evaluación Ambiental Estratégica : Una guía de buenas prácticas en la cooperación para el desarrollo
    Keywords: Electronic books
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Avant-propos""; ""Remerciements""; ""Table des mati�res""; ""Acronymes""; ""Préface""; ""Résumé""; ""1. Introduction""; ""2. Comprendre ce qu�est l�EES""; ""3. L�application de l�EES offre des avantages nombreux et variés""; ""4. Vers de bonnes pratiques en mati�re d�EES""; ""5. Application de l�EES à la coopération pour le développement""; ""6. Comment évaluer une EES""; ""7. Renforcer la capacité d�utiliser efficacement l�EES dans la coopération pour le développement""; ""Quelques rep�res""; ""Partie I""; ""Chapitre 1. Introduction""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""1.1. Nouvelles approches de la coopération pour le développement""""Encadré 1.1. Les Objectifs du millénaire pour le développement et les évolutions internationales à l�origine de nouvelles modalités de fourniture de l�aide""; ""1.2. L�EES répond aux défis d�une coopération pour le développement plus stratégique""; ""1.3. Prescriptions réglementaires en mati�re d�EES""; ""1.4. L�EES appuie les efforts d�harmonisation et d�alignement des donneurs""; ""Encadré 1.2. Harmonisation et alignement""; ""1.5. Quel est l�objet de ce guide de bonnes pratiques ?""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""1.6. Comment ce guide doit-il être utilisé ?""""1.7. Les principes généralement admis qui sous-tendent ce guide de bonnes pratiques""; ""Chapitre 2. Qu�est-ce que l�évaluation environnementale stratégique ?""; ""2.1. Positionner l�EES dans la hiérarchie décisionnelle""; ""Graphique 2.1. EES : Intégration en amont des considérations d�environnement dans la hiérarchie décisionnelle""; ""Encadré 2.1. Définition des politiques, des plans et des programmes""; ""2.2. Comment l�EES a évolué pour couvrir les niveaux stratégiques de la prise de décision""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Tableau 2.1. Comparaison entre l�EES et l�EIE""""2.3. EES : Un ensemble d�approches mettant en jeu des outils tr�s divers""; ""Encadré 2.2. Quelques exemples d�outils utilisables pour l�EES""; ""2.4. L�EES : Un continuum d�applications""; ""Graphique 2.2. Continuum d�applications de l�EES""; ""2.5. Relation entre l�EES et les autres approches et outils pour l�évaluation des politiques""; ""Encadré 2.3. Liens entre les perturbations de l�environnement et les conflits""; ""Encadré 2.4. L�EES dans les pays en situation de postconflit""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Encadré 2.5. Analyse environnementale par pays""""Notes""; ""Chapitre 3. Avantages du recours à lâ€?évaluation environnementale stratégique dans la coopération pour le développement""; ""Encadré 3.1. AperÃu des avantages de lâ€?EES""; ""3.1. Favoriser lâ€?intégration entre environnement et développement""; ""Encadré 3.2. Intégration des considérations dâ€?environnement dans le deuxiÃ?me Cadre stratégique de lutte contre la pauvreté (CSLP) en Tanzanie""; ""3.2. Identifier les impacts collatéraux potentiels de propositions de réformes""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""3.3. Améliorer la détection des nouvelles opportunités""
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264026803-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Jeunes conducteurs : La voie de la sécurité (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282113370
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (282 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Young Drivers; The Road to Safety
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Jóvenes conductores ; El camino hacia la seguridad
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Transport
    Abstract: Les accidents de la route sont, de loin, la première cause de mortalité parmi les jeunes de 15-24 ans dans les pays de l’OCDE. Ce rapport passe systématiquement en revue les caractéristiques des accidents impliquant les jeunes conducteurs ainsi que les facteurs de risque auxquels ceux-ci sont exposés : consommation de drogues et d’alcool, fatigue, aptitudes à la conduite, motivation pour la prudence au volant. Il examine aussi les mesures de prévention mises en œuvre ainsi que les innovations technologiques qui pourraient être utiles.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282113370-fr
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Voies navigables et protection de l'environnement (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282113493
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Inland Waterways and Environmental Protection
    Keywords: Environment ; Transport ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Ce rapport fait le point sur l’expérience acquise en matière d’atténuation des incidences de l’aménagement des voies navigables sur l’environnement. Il examine les procédures de consultation et de planification en Europe. Plus précisément, il analyse comment la directive cadre de l’UE sur l’eau influe sur le contexte dans lequel s’inscrit la planification des voies navigables internationales, et définit une nouvelle stratégie pour améliorer la qualité des cours d’eau. Enfin, il formule des recommandations concernant les bonnes pratiques et montre qu’il est essentiel d’améliorer la situation du bassin du Danube.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282113493-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Road Safety Performance : National Peer Review: Russian Federation (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282103562
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (141 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Road Safety Performance; National Peer Review; Russian Federation
    Keywords: Transport ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: The Russian Federation has the highest road death rate of all ECMT member countries and contributes one third of all road deaths in these countries. This report finds that the problem is predominantly urban, concentrated in Russia's largest cities, and with particularly sharp increases in deaths and serious injuries experienced in the Moscow region. International experts who undertook this review confirm that substantial improvements in road safety can be achieved through concerted, sustained and evidence-based action, and they make a series of recommendations on how this can be done.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282103562-en
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  • 16
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    Challenges to Fiscal Adjustment in Latin America : The Cases of Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264022072
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (169 p.)
    Parallel Title: Print version Challenges to Fiscal Adjustment in Latin America : The Cases of Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico
    DDC: 338.91
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Argentinien ; Brasilien ; Chile ; Mexiko ; Fiskalpolitik ; Öffentlicher Haushalt
    Abstract: Despite considerable progress made by Latin America's biggest economies in putting their finances in order, numerous challenges remain.  Public spending needs to incorporate more flexibility, ageing populations and social demands threaten future pressures on expenditure, and social and infrastructure spending need to be more cost-effective.  At the same time, tax bases need to broaden to reduce reliance on distortionary taxes on financial transactions and enterprise turnover, and overall tax administration must be improved.  Finally and foremost, the fiscal authorities need to k
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264022089-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 17
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    Online Resource
    Switzerland : Seizing the Opportunities for Growth (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264022473 , 9789264022485 , 9789264022478
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (183 p)
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2011 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation : Suisse 2006 : Saisir les opportunités de croissance
    RVK:
    QG 450
    Keywords: Deregulation ; Industrial policy ; Trade regulation ; Switzerland Economic conditions 1945- ; Switzerland Economic policy ; Schweiz ; Wirtschaftspolitik
    Description / Table of Contents: pt. 1. Regulatory reform in Switzerland -- pt. 2. Regulatory policies and outcomes.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264022485-en
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  • 18
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    Online Resource
    Innovation in Energy Technology : Comparing National Innovation Systems at the Sectoral Level (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264014077
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (329 p.)
    Parallel Title: Print version Innovation in Energy Technology : Comparing National Innovation Systems at the Sectoral Level
    DDC: 333.7911
    RVK:
    QR 530
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Energietechnik ; Brennstoffzelle ; Wasserstoffenergietechnik ; Innovationsförderung ; Energiepolitik ; Technologiepolitik
    Abstract: Innovation in energy technology is becoming increasingly important to meet growing demand for energy amidst concern about the security of energy supplies and calls for greater environmental protection. Governments across the OECD are investing considerable sums in R&D on new energy technologies, such as fuel cells, and seeking ways to speed their deployment and smooth the transition to a more sustainable, hydrogen-based economy. What steps are they taking? What lessons can be learned from the experiences of other countries? How do energy innovation systems differ among countries and how can po
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword; CONTENTS; Executive Summary; Chapter 1. Synthesis of Main Findings; Résumé; Chapitre 1. Synthèse des principales conclusions; Country Studies; Chapter 2. Canada: Fuel Cells; Chapter 3. France: Fuel Cells; Chapter 4. Germany: Fuel Cells; Chapter 5. Italy: Fuel Cells; Chapter 6. Japan: Fuel Cells; Chapter 7. Korea: Fuel Cells and Photovoltaics; Chapter 8. Norway: Fuel Cells; Chapter 9. Norway: Upstream Oil and Gas; Chapter 10. United Kingdom: Fuel Cells; Chapter 11. United States: Automotive Fuel Cells; Chapter 12. United States: Stationary Fuel Cells
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 13. United States: Advanced Turbine SystemAnnex A. Types of Fuel Cells and Theur Applications; Annex B. International Conference on Innovation in Energy Technologies: Programme;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264014084-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 19
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    Financial Support to Fisheries : Implications for Sustainable Development (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264036635
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (373 p.)
    Parallel Title: Print version Financial Support to Fisheries : Implications for Sustainable Development
    DDC: 338.3
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Fischerei ; Subvention ; Transferzahlung ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: OECD governments pay out around USD 6 billion a year to support the fisheries sector. Some of this expenditure is provided to help ensure the effective management of fisheries through the provision of research, administrative and enforcement services. However, its effects on economic profitability and resource sustainability are open to debate. Such support has often been linked to over-fishing and over-capitalisation, and its reform may lead to improved economic, environmental and social outcomes. The focus of the World Trade Organization and the World Summit on Sustainable Development, among
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264036642-en
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  • 20
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    Pour une meilleure éducation financière : Enjeux et initiatives (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264012592
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Improving Financial Literacy; Analysis of Issues and Policies
    Keywords: Education ; Finance and Investment ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Première étude d’envergure à traiter de l’éducation financière au niveau international, ce rapport contribue au développement des compétences financières des consommateurs en fournissant aux responsables politiques des informations pouvant les aider à concevoir des programmes d’éducation financière efficaces et faciliter les échanges de vues et le partage d’expériences dans ce domaine. Il recense et analyse l’ensemble des enquêtes réalisées sur la culture financière dans les pays membres; il met l’accent sur les changements politiques, démographiques et économiques qui rendent l’éducation financière de plus en plus importante et décrit les différents types de programmes d’éducation financière existant dans les pays de l’OCDE. L'ouvrage évalue dans la mesure du possible leur efficacité, et présente des recommandations pour les responsables politiques dans le but d’ameliorer l’éducation et l’information financières.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264012592-fr
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  • 21
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    Innovation and Knowledge-Intensive Service Activities (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264022744
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (179 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Innovation and Knowledge-Intensive Service Activities; (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation and knowledge-intensive service activities
    DDC: 909.821
    RVK:
    QR 560
    Keywords: Unternehmensdienstleistung ; Technologiepolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Electronic books ; Innovationsmanagement
    Abstract: From research and development to legal and marketing services, a wide range of knowledge-intensive service activities (KISAs) enables firms and public sector organisations to better innovate. This publication examines the contribution of knowledge-intensive services to the acquisition and growth of innovation capabilities in firms and public sector organisations. It focuses on KISAs in four industy sectors: software, health care, tourism and leisure, and resource-based industries such as mining technology services, aquaculture and forestry. The analysis derives from a series of surveys and case studies undertaken in nine OECD countries: Australia, Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Norway and Spain.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264022744-en
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  • 22
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    OECD Anti-Spam Toolkit of Recommended Policies and Measures (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264027176
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Boîte à outils anti-spam de l'OCDE ; Politiques et mesures recommandées
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD anti-spam toolkit of recommended policies and measures
    DDC: 384.3/4
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Electronic books ; Gegenmaßnahme ; Spam-Mail ; Spam-Mail ; E-Mail ; Computersicherheit
    Abstract: This toolkit, developed by policy makers and industry experts, provides a framework aimed at tackling spam using a broad, multi-disciplinary range of instruments including regulation and enforcement, industry initiatives, technical measures, education and awareness initiatives, co-operative partnerships, spam metrics, and global cooperation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264027176-en
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  • 23
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    Starting Strong II : Early Childhood Education and Care (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264035461
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (444 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Starting Strong
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Petite enfance, grands défis II ; Éducation et structures d'accueil
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Starting Strong II; Early Childhood Education and Care (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Starting strong ; 2: Early childhood education and care
    RVK:
    DK 2009
    RVK:
    DV 3000
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Kinderbetreuung ; Kleinkinderziehung ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: This review of early childhood education and care (ECEC) in twenty OECD countries describes the social, economic, conceptual and research factors that influence early childhood policy. These include increasing women’s labour market participation; reconciling work and family responsibilities on a more equitable basis for women; confronting the demographic challenges faced by OECD countries; and in particular, addressing issues of access, quality, diversity, child poverty and educational disadvantage. Starting Strong II outlines the progress made by the participating countries in responding to the key aspects of successful ECEC policy outlined in the previous volume, Starting Strong (OECD, 2001). It offers many examples of new policy initiatives adopted in the ECEC field. In their conclusion, the authors identify ten policy areas for further critical attention from governments. The book also presents country profiles, which give an overview of ECEC systems in all 20 participating countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264035461-en
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  • 24
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    Réforme des politiques agricoles et commerciales : Répercussions potentielles au niveau mondial, au niveau national et sur les ménages (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264025769
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Agricultural Policy and Trade Reform; Potential Effects at Global, National and Household Levels
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Trade ; Brazil ; Italy ; Malawi ; Mexico ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: S’il ne fait aucun doute qu’une réforme généralisée des politiques agricoles améliorerait le bien-être économique mondial, elle ne manquerait par ailleurs pas de produire une situation complexe : certains pays seraient avantagés et d’autres lésés. À l’aide d’analyses menées aux niveaux mondial, national et à l’échelle des ménages, cette étude examine certains de ces effets redistributifs. Elle dresse un panorama des différents effets que peuvent avoir les politiques selon les pays, mais aussi selon les secteurs et les catégories de ménages à l’intérieur d’un même pays. Cet ouvrage présente des résumés d'études de cas pour le Brésil, les États-Unis, l'Italie, le Malawi et Mexico.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264025769-fr
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  • 25
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    21st Century Learning Environments (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264006508
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (111 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als 21st century learning environments
    DDC: 371.6/2
    RVK:
    DO 6000
    Keywords: Wissensgesellschaft ; Bildungseinrichtung ; Schule ; OECD-Staaten ; Großbritannien ; Education ; Konferenzschrift ; Electronic books ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Schulgebäude
    Abstract: Drawing on material presented at the OECD Programme on Educational Building's conference in London on "Creating 21st Century Learning Environments," this richly illustrated book presents the latest in innovative design for schools and analyses needs for the future. It does this through a series of thematic analyses, presentations, and school visits. The conclusions summarize planning and construction issues and make suggestions for the construction industry.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264006508-en
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  • 26
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    Optimising Russian Natural Gas : Reform and Climate Policy (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264109872
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (250 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Optimising Russian natural gas
    RVK:
    QG 480
    RVK:
    QR 534
    RVK:
    QT 200
    Keywords: Rahmenübereinkommen der Vereinten Nationen über Klimaänderungen ; Gaswirtschaft ; Erdgasvorkommen ; Gasversorgung ; Umweltbelastung ; Klimaschutz ; Internationale Umweltpolitik ; Russland ; Klimaänderung ; Umweltschutz ; Energiequelle ; Energieträger ; Erdgas ; Schadstoffemission ; Reduktion ; Rückgang ; Implementation ; Natürliche Ressourcen ; Umweltzertifikathandel ; Treibhausgas ; Methan ; Energy ; Russland ; Russland ; Energieeinsparung ; Technologie ; Umweltpolitik ; Erdgasproduktion
    Abstract: The world’s largest gas producer and exporter, Russia has an enormous energy saving potential. At least 30 billion cubic meters – a fifth of Russian exports to European OECD countries -- could be saved every year by enhanced technology or energy efficiency. As the era of cheap gas in Russia comes to an end, this potential saving is increasingly important for Russians and importing countries. This book analyses and estimates the potential savings and the associated reductions in greenhouse gas emissions that could be achieved in the oil extraction (flaring), gas transmission and distribution sectors. It also describes Russia’s emerging climate policy and institutional framework, including work still ahead before the country is eligible for the Kyoto Protocol’s flexibility mechanisms and can attract financing for greenhouse gas reductions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264109872-en
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  • 27
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    Gestion et prolongation de la durée de vie des centrales nucléaires (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264029279
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (65 p.)
    Series Statement: Développement de l'énergie nucléaire
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Power Plant Life Management and Longer-term Operation
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Ce livre, préparé par des experts des pays membres de l'AEN, contient des données et des analyses relatives à la gestion et à la prolongation de la durée de vie des centrales nucléaires. Il couvre les aspects techniques, économiques et environnementaux et donne un aperçu des avantages et des défis associés à la gestion et à la prolongation de la durée de vie de ces centrales. Il intéressera les décideurs et les cadres supérieurs du secteur électronucléaire et des agences gouvernementales chargées de la conception et de la mise en œuvre des programmes nucléaires. Les données et les informations sur les tendances actuelles relatives à la gestion de la durée de vie des centrales nucléaires seront utiles aux chercheurs et analystes dans le domaine de l'évaluation des systèmes électronucléaires.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264029279-fr
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  • 28
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    Innovation in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology : Comparing National Innovation Systems at the Sectoral Level (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264014046
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (187 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation in pharmaceutical biotechnology
    DDC: 615.19
    RVK:
    QR 525
    Keywords: Innovation ; Technologiepolitik ; Biotechnologie ; Gentechnisch erzeugtes Produkt ; Belgien ; Finnland ; Frankreich ; Deutschland ; Japan ; Niederlande ; Norwegen ; Spanien ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Biopharmazie ; Industriepolitik ; Pharmazeutische Technologie ; Innovationsförderung ; Technologiepolitik ; Pharmazeutische Technologie ; Biotechnologie ; Innovation ; Biologika
    Abstract: This publication examines the innovation system in pharmaceutical biotechnology in eight OECD countries - Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway and Spain. The report summarises the results of in-depth studies, providing a comparative analysis of participating countries' performance in science and innovation in biopharmaceuticals. It highlights specific characteristics of the national biopharmaceutical innovation systems in terms of their international openness and the specific role of demand-side factors in the innovation process. Major systemic failures affecting the functioning of the biopharmaceutical innovation systems are identified. Based on rich evidence, the report draws policy recommendations to foster innovation in biopharmaceuticals advocating an integrated policy approach.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264014046-en
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  • 29
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    Améliorer l'accès aux transports pour tous : Guide de bonnes pratiques (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282101421
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (174 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Improving Transport Accessibility for All; Guide to Good Practice
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Improving Transport Accessibility for All; Guide to Good Practice (Turkish version)
    Keywords: Transport ; Electronic books
    Abstract: L’accessibilité des systèmes de transport s’est beaucoup améliorée ces dernières années. La CEMT a préparé ce Guide de bonnes pratiques en vue de faciliter cet échange d’expériences -- à la fois dans les pays où les améliorations sont déjà en cours, et dans ceux qui s’engagent sur cette voie. A travers les exemples de récentes expériences menées dans un grand nombre de pays, ce guide actualise celui que la CEMT a réalisé en 1999. Il met en relief les domaines où des progrès ont été réalisés et ceux où des défis restent à relever. L'ouvrage analyse les domaines suivants : la diffusion de l'information en général, l'amélioration de cette information pour les routes et des voies piétonnes, les infrastructures routières, les véhicules, les nouveaux services de transports, les voitures particulières et, enfin, le rôle des pouvoirs publics.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282101421-fr
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  • 30
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    Tax Co-operation : Towards a Level Playing Field (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264024083
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    RVK:
    QL 400
    RVK:
    QL 530
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264024083-en
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  • 31
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    Inland Waterways and Environmental Protection (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282113479
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (104 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Voies navigables et protection de l'environnement
    Keywords: Environment ; Transport
    Abstract: This report reviews experience in mitigating the environmental impacts of inland waterway development. It examines effective consultation and planning procedures across Europe. In particular it assesses the ways in which the EU Water Framework Directive affects the planning environment for international waterways and sets a new agenda for improving the ecological value of waterways. The report makes recommendations on good practice and identifies the Danube river basin as the critical area for improvement.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282113479-en
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  • 32
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    Rechercher la cohérence : Les pêcheries et les politiques de développement (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264023970
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Series Statement: Objectif développement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fishing for Coherence; Fisheries and Development Policies
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Development ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Dans les pays de l’OCDE comme dans les non membres, la situation des pêches mondiales soulève des problèmes de cohérence entre le développement et les activités halieutiques dans plusieurs domaines de l’action des pouvoirs publics. La présente publication examine ce dossier d’actualité et propose un cadre où inscrire une analyse approfondie des problèmes de cohérence dans cinq grands domaines d’action où interagissent les politiques de la pêche et de développement, à savoir l’environnement, la technologie, l’économie, les questions sociales et la gestion publique. Ce cadre d’analyse est illustré par dix études de cas concrètes nationales et régionales, lesquelles abordent des questions allant des accords de pêche internationaux à la relation entre pêche artisanale et pêche industrielle, en passant par les échanges de produits halieutiques, les politiques de développement, le développement de la pêche et la lutte contre la pauvreté.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264023970-fr
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  • 33
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    Improving Transport Accessibility for All : Guide to Good Practice (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282101407
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (161 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Améliorer l'accès aux transports pour tous ; Guide de bonnes pratiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Improving Transport Accessibility for All; Guide to Good Practice (Turkish version)
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Much has been done to improve the accessibility of transport systems in recent years. The ECMT has prepared this Guide to Good Practice in order to facilitate such an exchange of experience. It addresses both countries where improvements to accessibility are under way, and those that are just now making that commitment. With examples from recent experience in a wide range of countries, this Guide updates the ECMT’s 1999 Guide, pointing to areas where progress has been made as well as to those where challenges persist. In particular, it covers principles for provision of information generally, how to improve information regarding the road and pedestrian environment, how to improve information provided within transport infrastructure, how to improve information provided relative to transport vehicles, new and innovative transport services, and private cars, and the roles of government.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282101407-en
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  • 34
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    Promouvoir le développement dans une économie mondialisée : Pour des politiques cohérentes (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264012882
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p)
    Series Statement: Objectif développement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fostering Development in a Global Economy: A Whole of Government Perspective
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Globalisierung ; Weltwirtschaft
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Avant-propos""; ""Table des mati�res""; ""Préface""; ""Introduction La cohérence des politiques : concepts clés et questions fondamentales""; ""Bibliographie""; ""Chapitre 1 Vers un nouvel équilibre de l'économie mondiale""; ""Chapitre 2 Politiques macroéconomiques: l�interdépendance source de probl�mes nouveaux1""; ""Chapitre 3 L�évolution des politiques financieres internationales""; ""Annexe 3.A Coefficients de corrélation et facteur de corrélation pour le mod�le à deux et à trois facteurs""; ""Chapitre 4 L'aspect politique de la cohérence des politiques""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Chapitre 5 Cohérence des politiques et développement : probl�mes d�évaluation et solutions possibles1""""Annexe Pour un programme d�action commun de l�OCDE au service du développement Extrait du communiqué final de la réunion du Conseil de l'OCDE au niveau des ministres, 16 mai 2002""
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264012899-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 35
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    La rémunération liée aux performances dans l'administration (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264007543
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (253 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Performance-related Pay Policies for Government Employees
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Öffentlicher Sektor ; Lohnsystem ; Leistungslohn
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264007567-fr
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  • 36
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    Le rôle crucial des enseignants : Attirer, former et retenir des enseignants de qualité (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264018037
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (269 p)
    Series Statement: Politiques d'éducation et de formation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter: Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Stärkere Professionalisierung des Lehrerberufs: Wie gute Lehrer gewonnen, gefördert und gehalten werden können
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Política de educación y formación : Los docentes son importantes : Atraer, formar y conservar a los docentes eficientes
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter (Hungarian version): Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter (Japanese version): Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Professores são importantes: Atraindo, desenvolvendo e retendo professores eficazes
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Lehrer ; Professionalität ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Description / Table of Contents: ""ORGANISATION DE COOP�RATION ET DE D�VELOPPEMENT �CONOMIQUES""; ""Avant-propos""; ""Table des mati�res""; ""Résumé""; ""Chapitre 1 Introduction : les enseignants en ligne de mire Résumé""; ""Chapitre 2 Pourquoi la politique à l�égard des enseignants est- elle importante ? Résumé""; ""Chapitre 3 Faire de l�enseignement un choix professionnel attrayant Résumé""; ""Chapitre 4 Développer les connaissances et les compétences des enseignants Résumé""; ""Chapitre 5 Recrutement, sélection et emploi des enseignants Résumé""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Chapitre 6 Retenir les enseignants de qualité dans les écoles Résumé""""Chapitre 7 �laborer et mettre en oeuvre la politique à l�égard des enseignants Résumé""; ""Annexe 1 Modalités de l�activité""; ""Annexe 2 Cadre de référence destiné destiné éclairer la politique politique l�égard des enseignants""
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264018051-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 37
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    Speed Management (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282103784
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (282 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La gestion de la vitesse
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gestión de velocidad
    DDC: 363.1257094
    Keywords: Automobiles Speed ; Management ; Motor vehicles Speed ; Management ; Traffic safety ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Transport ; Verkehrssicherheit ; Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung ; Management
    Abstract: Speeding is the number one road safety problem in a large number of OECD/ECMT countries. It is responsible for around one third of the current, unacceptably high levels of road fatalities. Speeding has an impact not only on accidents but also on the environment, energy consumption and quality of life, particularly for residents in urban areas. Reducing average speeds on the roads by only 5% will save around 20% of current fatalities. There is good experience available on how to quickly reduce the extent of speeding and thereby reduce current fatalities and injuries. Reduced speeding will also reduce the adverse environmental and social impacts associated with excessive speed, particularly in urban areas. Comprehensive measures are required which are best developed as part of a coordinated speed management policy package. What contributions can be made by infrastructure improvements, speed limits, signing and education, as well as by enforcement? Which are the most cost-effective elements of a speed management policy? What are the prospects for the use of new technologies which encourage drivers to choose appropriate speeds and assist in achieving greater compliance with speed limits? This Report, prepared by a Working Group of the Joint OECD/ECMT Transport Research Centre, addresses the key issues, highlights the improvements in policy and operations needed to reduce the extent of speeding. It outlines a framework for achieving the best possible safety outcomes while protecting the environment and supporting sustainable mobility. The report is compelling reading for all those interested in addressing the major speed-related problems that are widespread in OECD/ECMT member countries and will become increasingly important in developing countries as levels of motorisation increase.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282103784-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 38
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    China's Power Sector Reforms: Where to next? (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264109889
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als China's power sector reforms
    RVK:
    QG 860
    RVK:
    QR 530
    Keywords: Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Elektrizitätspolitik ; China ; Energy ; China, People’s Republic ; China ; Energiewirtschaft ; Energiemarkt ; Reform
    Abstract: In 2005, China added the equivalent of all the power plants in Norway and Sweden to its electricity generating capacity - and its remarkable demand growth shows no sign of abating. But how can the government best assure affordable and environmentally sustainable electricity supply in the future? Assessing the current state of electricity regulation in China, this report draws on experience elsewhere to explore how better to develop and communicate strategy, how to moderate growth in demand through increased efficiency, how to integrate environmental goals into planning and operation, how to ensure sufficient supply when and where it is needed, and how to handle institutional and governance challenges.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264109889-en
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  • 39
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    L'efficacité de l'aide alimentaire pour le développement : Les effets de l'aide liée (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264013483
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p)
    Series Statement: Objectif développement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Development Effectiveness of Food Aid: Does Tying Matter?
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Entwicklungsländer ; Nahrungsmittelhilfe ; Entwicklungspolitik ; Effizienz
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Avant-propos""; ""Table des mati�res""; ""Sigles et abréviations""; ""Préface""; ""Résumé""; ""Chapitre 1. L�efficacité de l�aide alimentaire pour le développement""; ""Introduction""; ""Portée de l�évaluation""; ""Définitions et concepts analytiques""; ""�valuation a priori des programmes des membres""; ""Graphique 1.1. Livraisons d�aide alimentaire : total �tats-Unis et CE, 1970-2002""; ""�tats-Unis""; ""Tableau 1.1. Résumé des programmes d�aide alimentaire des �tats-Unis""; ""Graphique 1.2. �volution des niveaux d�aide alimentaire des �tats-Unis, 1952-2003""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Tableau 1.2. Financement de l�aide alimentaire des �tats-Unis, EX 1996-EX 2004""""Union européenne""; ""Tableau 1.3. Dépenses de l�UE au titre du budget 2002 de la sécurité et de l�aide alimentaire""; ""Autres programmes des membres du CAD""; ""Programme alimentaire mondial""; ""Tableau 1.4. Dépenses opérationnelles du PAM par catégorie, 1989-2003""; ""L�aide alimentaire contribue-t-elle efficacement au développement ?""; ""Introduction""; ""Une ressource incertaine ?""; ""Graphique 1.3. Rapport entre l�aide alimentaire en céréales, les prix et les stocks, 1990-2002""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Graphique 1.4. Corrélogramme des prix du blé et de l�aide alimentaire en céréales, 1976-2002""""Capacité d�adaptation aux besoins""; ""Graphique 1.5. Volume des livraisons de denrées alimentaires effectuées au titre de l�aide d�urgence, de l�aide projet et de l�aide programme, 1990-2002""; ""Graphique 1.6. Aide alimentaire en lait écrémé en poudre, 1978-2002""; ""Réactions au niveau international""; ""L�additionnalité : opportunités et probl�mes""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""L�efficacité de l�aide alimentaire pour le développement : principales conclusions des recherches effectuées sur cette question""""Introduction""; ""L�aide alimentaire d�urgence : chocs et crises""; ""L�aide alimentaire comme filet de sécurité contre la pauvreté et les risques de catastrophe""; ""Aide alimentaire et développement économique national""; ""Aide alimentaire et développement agricole""; ""Aide alimentaire et préférences alimentaires des bénéficiaires""; ""Aide alimentaire programme""; ""Aide alimentaire projet""; ""Aide financi�re et aide alimentaire""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Notes""""Chapitre2. Le r�le du degré de liaison de l�aide alimentaire""; ""Introduction""; ""Définition de l�aide liée""; ""Quand l�aide alimentaire est-elle liée ?""; ""Portée de l�enquête""; ""Catégories d�aide alimentaire""; ""Données d�enquêtes""; ""Méthode d�investigation""; ""Mesure du rapport coût-efficacité de l�offre""; ""Encadré 2.1. Exemple concret de l�efficacité du transfert de ressources""; ""Prix et coûts des transactions commerciales alternatives""; ""Tableau 2.1. Programmes des donneurs, par mode de transfert""; ""Conclusions""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Efficacité du transfert et mode d�approvisionnement""
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264013490-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 40
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    Women in Scientific Careers : Unleashing the Potential (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264025370
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (209 p.)
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Parallel Title: Print version Women in Scientific Careers : Unleashing the Potential
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Frau ; Berufstätigkeit ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Wissenschaftlerin
    Abstract: Women have made important contributions to research and innovation in OECD countries, but their potential remains largely untapped. While women account for more than half of university graduates in several OECD countries, they receive only 30% of tertiary degrees granted in science and engineering fields. Not suprisingly, women account for only 25% to 35% of researchers in most OECD countries. The gender gap in science is greatest in Japan, Korea, Austria and Switzerland. The researcher gender gap is smaller in countries such as the Slovak Republic, Greece, Portugal, Spain and New Zealand. Whe
    Description / Table of Contents: pt. 1. Introductionpt. 2. Barriers faced by women researchers : segregation by field of work. Statistics on women in science : examples from the European Union / Camilla Gidlöf Regnier -- The gender gap in the public research sector : the case of Denmark / Kamma Langberg -- Women's research careers and scientific productivity in public research / María Bordons and Elba Mauleón -- Women's careers in science and technology in Japan / Mariko Ogawa -- Trends in gender seregation by field of work in higher education / Christian Suter -- Theories into gender segregation in the scientific careers / Yu Xie -- Disparities between men's and women's careers in scientific research : the case of Austria / Ingrid Schacherl -- pt. 3. Barriers faced by women researchers : segregation by hierarchy. Gender as a career factor faced in academic research / Iiris Aaltio -- Initiatives and experiences in gender equality at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology / Eivind Hiis Hauge -- Does gender matter in scientific leadership? / Rossella Palomba -- Gender and the careers of French university instructors and researchers / Frédérique Pigeyre -- pt. 4. Instruments for change : existing policy measures and programmes. The success of female scientists in the 21st century : an American perspective / Wanda E. Ward -- Encouragement to advance : a programme to promote career strategies for women in German academia / Andrea Löther -- Dutch research council policy actions to encourage the participation of women in science / Wilma van Donselaar -- Instruments for changing gender inequalities in scientific careers / Christel Baltes-Löhr -- Balancing research careers and private lives : do social measures matter? / Aliki Mouriki -- Women in Latin American science and technology : a window of opportunity / Judith Zubieta -- Supply and demand-side actions to promote women in S & T : lessons from the United Kingdom Resource Centre for Women in Science, Engineering and Technology / Jane Butcher -- Women in scientific careers : the case study of Italy / Sveva Avveduto -- pt. 5. Conclusion. Concluding remarks / Maria Stratigaki.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264025387-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 41
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    Gérer les conflits d'intérêts dans le secteur public : Mode d'emploi (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264018259
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (115 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Managing Conflict of Interest in the Public Sector; A Toolkit
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Managing Conflict of Interest in the Public Sector; A Toolkit (Bulgarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Managing Conflict of Interest in the Public Sector; a Toolkit (Czech version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Managing Conflict of Interest in the Public Sector; A Toolkit (Estonian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Managing Conflict of Interest in the Public Sector; A Toolkit (Latvian version)
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Gérer les conflits d’intérêts sont aujourd’hui un important sujet de préoccupation dans le monde entier, dans le secteur public comme dans le secteur privé. Déceler des conflits d’intérêts et trouver des solutions adéquates peut être difficile. Ce Mode d'emploi propose des techniques, des ressources et des stratégies concrètes pour mettre en évidence, traiter et éviter les situations de conflits d’intérêts, et assurer l’intégrité de la prise de décision publique, celle-ci pouvant être compromise par un conflit d’intérêts. Ce Mode d'emploi apporte une aide concrète et non technique aux agents publics afin de leur permettre de reconnaître les situations problématiques et de protéger leur intégrité et leur réputation. Des instruments sont proposés sous une forme générique. Ils s’inspirent des mesures concrètes prises par divers pays de l’OCDE ainsi que par certains pays non membres. Ils sont conçus pour faciliter leur adaptation à des pays ayant différents systèmes administratifs et légaux.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264018259-fr
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  • 42
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    Competition Law and Policy in Latin America : Peer Reviews of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico and Peru (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264015142
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (404 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Derecho y política de la competencia en América Latina ; Exámenes inter-pares en Argentina, Brasil, Chile, México y Perú
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Competition law and policy in Latin America
    DDC: 343/.73/072
    RVK:
    PU 5600
    Keywords: Wettbewerbsrecht ; Wettbewerbspolitik ; Lateinamerika ; Argentinien ; Brasilien ; Chile ; Mexiko ; Peru ; Governance ; Argentina ; Brazil ; Chile ; Mexico ; Peru ; Electronic books ; Lateinamerika ; Wettbewerbspolitik ; Wettbewerbsrecht
    Abstract: This book contains the results of peer reviews of the competition law and policies of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, and Peru. Each review provides information on the history and economic context for competition law, an outline of the provisions of the current law and policies, a review of institutional issues, a review of competition policy in specific regulated sectors, a review of competition advocacy, and a set of conclusions and recommendations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264015142-en
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  • 43
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    Vivre et travailler plus longtemps (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264035898
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Series Statement: Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi/Ageing and Employment Policies
    Series Statement: Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Live Longer, Work Longer
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Ce rapport aide à avancer dans la voie de la mise en oeuvre de politiques et de pratiques en matière d'emploi qui permettent d'accompagner le vieillissement. Il présente les principaux défis auxquels feront face les travailleurs vieillissants et met à profit les principaux enseignements tirés des examens nationaux publiés la série « Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l’emploi » de l’OCDE. Parmi les sujets traités sont ; les désincitations au travail et les obstacles à l 'emploi, les choix grandissants en matière de retraite, améliorer l'employabilité des travailleurs plus âgés, et modifier l'attitude des employeurs et des pratiques en matière d'emploi.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264035898-fr
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  • 44
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    Personnaliser l'enseignement (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264036628
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Series Statement: L'école de demain
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Personalising Education
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: La personnalisation de l'éducation peut signifier maintes choses. Elle pose en outre des questions essentielles quant aux objectifs et aux possibilités de l’enseignement. À quels défis politiques faudra-t-il répondre pour favoriser un enseignement plus personnalisé ? En quoi les sciences de l’apprentissage -- et notamment les recherches récentes sur le fonctionnement du cerveau -- peuvent-elles nous éclairer quant aux orientations à prendre ? Quelles sont les contraintes imposées par les acteurs clés des systèmes éducatifs -- les enseignants, les parents et les employeurs notamment -- et comment y répondre ? Ce nouveau volume de la série « L’école de demain » répond à toutes ces questions. Il rassemble les contributions d’experts venus d’Allemagne, du Canada, du Danemark, de la France et du Royaume-Uni.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264036628-fr
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  • 45
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    Les bonnes pratiques de laboratoire : Principes de LOCDE et directives pour évaluer leur respect (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264014091
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Good Laboratory Practice: OECD Principles and Guidance for Compliance Monitoring
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Gute Laborpraxis ; Kontrolle ; Arzneimittel ; Kosmetikum ; Zusatzstoff ; Pestizid ; Chemisches Produkt
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Avant-propos""; ""Table des mati�res""; ""Partie I � Principes de l�OCDE de bonnes pratiques de laboratoire""; ""Section I � Introduction""; ""Histoire""; ""1. Champ d�application""; ""2. Terminologie""; ""2.1. Bonnes pratiques de laboratoire""; ""2.2. Termes relatifs à l�organisation d�une installation d�essai""; ""2.3. Termes relatifs à l�étude de sécurité non clinique ayant trait à la santé et à l�environnement""; ""2.4. Termes relatifs à l�élément d�essai""; ""Section II � Principes de bonnes pratiques de laboratoire""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""1. Organisation et personnel de l�installation d�essai""""1.1. Responsabilités de la direction de l�installation d�essai""; ""1.2. Responsabilités du directeur de l�étude""; ""1.3. Responsabilités du Responsable principal des essais""; ""1.4. Responsabilités du personnel de l�étude""; ""2. Programme d�assurance qualité""; ""2.1. Généralités""; ""2.2. Responsabilités du personnel chargé de l�assurance qualité""; ""3. Installations""; ""3.1. Généralités""; ""3.2. Installations relatives au syst�me d�essai""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""3.3. Installations de manutention des éléments d�essai et de référence""""3.4. Salles d�archives""; ""3.5. �vacuation des déchets""; ""4. Appareils, matériaux et réactifs""; ""5. Syst�mes d�essai""; ""5.1. Physiques et chimiques""; ""5.2. Biologiques""; ""6. �léments d�essai et de référence""; ""6.1. Réception, manutention, échantillonnage et stockage""; ""6.2. Caractérisation""; ""7. Modes opératoires normalisés""; ""8. Réalisation de l�étude""; ""8.1. Plan de l�étude""; ""8.2. Contenu du plan de l�étude""; ""8.3. Réalisation de l�étude""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""9. �tablissement du rapport sur les résultats de l�étude""""9.1. Généralités""; ""9.2. Contenu du rapport final""; ""10. Stockage et conservation des archives et des matériaux""; ""Partie II � Documents de consensus et documents indicatifs relatifs a l�application des principes de bonnes pratiques de laboratoire""; ""Chapitre 1. Document de consensus""; ""1. Assurance qualité et les principes de bonnes pratiques de laboratoire""; ""Histoire""; ""Introduction""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Références à l�assurance qualité dans les Principes de bonnes pratiques de laboratoire principes de l�OCDE""""1.1. Généralités""; ""1.2. Responsabilités du personnel chargé de l�assurance qualité""; ""Relations entre l�assurance qualité et la direction""; ""Qualifications du personnel d�assurance qualité""; ""R�le de l�assurance qualité dans l�élaboration des modes opératoires normalisés et des plans d�étude""; ""Inspections d�assurance qualité""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Planification de lâ€?assurance qualité et justification des activités et méthodes mises en Å?uvre à ce titre""
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264014107-fr
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  • 46
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    Gouvernance des entreprises publiques : Panorama des pays de l'OCDE (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264009448
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (261 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises: A Survey of OECD Countries
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Öffentliches Unternehmen ; Corporate Governance ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Avant-propos""; ""Table des mati�res""; ""Introduction""; ""Partie I. Rapport comparatif""; ""Chapitre 1. Les entreprises publiques dans les pays de l�OCDE""; ""Historique et raison d�être des entreprises publiques""; ""Les grandes privatisations des années 80 et 90""; ""Graphique 1.1. Montant du produit des privatisations par rapport à la taille de l�économie (1990-2001)""; ""Graphique 1.2. Taille des entreprises publiques dans les pays de l�OCDE""; ""Graphique 1.3. Densité des entreprises publiques""; ""Un secteur public plus restreint mais encore important""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Encadré 1.1. Différences entre les données""""Graphique 1.4. Nombre d�entreprises publiques dans un certain nombre de pays de l�OCDE""; ""Graphique 1.5. Actif des entreprises publiques dans les pays de l�OCDE, en milliards de dollars PPA, 2003""; ""Graphique 1.6. Valeur d�actif des entreprises publiques/PIB dans les pays de l�OCDE""; ""Graphique 1.7. Total des fonds propres des entreprises publiques dans certains pays de l�OCDE, en milliards de dollars PPA (2003)""; ""Graphique 1.8. Total des fonds propres des entreprises publiques/PIB dans certains pays de l�OCDE""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Graphique 1.9. Salariés des entreprises publiques en pourcentage de l�emploi total""""Graphique 1.10. Chiffre d�affaires/PIB et valeur ajoutée/PIB pour les entreprises publiques de certains pays de l�OCDE""; ""Structure actionnariale des entreprises publiques""; ""Graphique 1.11. Participations de l��tat dans les entreprises publiques""; ""Graphique 1.12. Pourcentage d�entreprises publiques cotées dans certains pays de l�OCDE""; ""Graphique 1.13. Part des entreprises publiques dans la capitalisation boursi�re dans certains pays de l�OCDE""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Les entreprises publiques restent les principaux acteurs dans plusieurs branches importantes""""La forme juridique des entreprises publiques""; ""Encadré 1.2. France : �volution du statut juridique d�EDF et de Gaz de France""; ""Encadré 1.3. L�importance des entreprises publiques dans les pays non membres""; ""Notes""; ""Chapitre 2. L�organisation de la fonction actionnariale dans l�administration publique""; ""Les trois principaux types d�organisation et l�évolution globale de la fonction actionnariale""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Graphique 2.1. Organisation et évolution de la fonction actionnariale""""Tableau 2.1. Types d�organisation de la fonction actionnariale de l��tat dans plusieurs pays de l�OCDE""; ""Le mod�le décentralisé ou « par minist�re sectoriel »""; ""Le mod�le dual""; ""Encadré 2.1. Le mod�le dual en Nouvelle-Zélande""; ""Encadré 2.2. La fonction actionnariale en Corée""; ""Tableau 2.2. Débat sur le mod�le centralisé/dual en Australie""; ""Le mod�le centralisé""; ""Encadré 2.3. Les réformes en Australie""
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Encadré 2.4. �volution au Royaume-Uni : la Commission de l��tat actionnaire (Shareholder Executive)""
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264009455-fr
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  • 47
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    Decoupling the Environmental Impacts of Transport from Economic Growth (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264027121
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (117 p.)
    Parallel Title: Print version Decoupling the Environmental Impacts of Transport from Economic Growth
    DDC: 363.73874
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Transport ; Umweltverschmutzung
    Abstract: Economic growth requires an efficient transport system, and transport activity continues to cause large adverse impacts on the environment, human health and the economy. But is a negative impact of transport on the environment a necessary consequence of economic growth?  This volume offers a comprehensive discussion of recent research on the links between transport demand and economic growth. It provides an in-depth discussion of environmental and economic effects of a package of instruments for decoupling environmentally impacts of transport from economic growth -- and how to overcome ob
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword and Acknowledgements; Table of Contents; Executive Summary; Chapter 1. Introduction; Chapter 2. Transport and the Economy; Chapter 3. Transport and the Environment; Chapter 4. Decoupling Indicators; Chapter 5. Policy Instruments for Decoupling; Chapter 6. National Case Studies; Chapter 7. Conclusion: Towards a Decoupling Strategy; Glossary; References;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264027138-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 48
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    Water and Agriculture : Sustainability, Markets and Policies (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264022577
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (480 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Water and agriculture
    DDC: 333.913
    RVK:
    QT 200
    Keywords: Landwirtschaft ; Wasser ; Wasserpolitik ; Bewässerung ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Konferenzschrift ; OECD ; Landwirtschaft ; Wassernutzung ; Klimaänderung ; Wassersicherstellung
    Abstract: Agriculture is a major user of water and is responsible for much of its pollution. But the agricultural sector faces increasing competition for scarce water supplies from urban and industrial users and, increasingly, to sustain ecosystems. This conference proceedings explores how both governments and the private sector can expand the role of markets to allocate water used by all sectors and to get agricultural producers to account for the pollution that their sector generates.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264022577-en
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  • 49
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    Cutting Red Tape : National Strategies for Administrative Simplification (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264029798
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (108 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Cutting Red Tape
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Éliminer la paperasserie ; Des stratégies nationales pour simplifier les formalités administratives
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reducir el papeleo ; Estrategias nacionales para la simplificación administrativa
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reduzindo burocracia; Estratégias nacionais de simplificação administrativa
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Barazzoni, Fiorenza Cutting red tape
    DDC: 352.3/87
    RVK:
    MF 7350
    Keywords: Verwaltungsreform ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Verwaltungsvereinfachung ; OECD ; Verwaltung ; Genehmigungsverfahren ; Vereinfachung
    Abstract: Red tape is burdensome to companies, inhibits entrepreneurship, and reduces competitiveness. This book examines country strategies and tools for reducing red tape and the institutional frameworks set up to reduce red tape, and finds what the trends are and what strategies are working.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264029798-en
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  • 50
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    Les supermarchés et la filière viande : Limpact économique du commerce alimentaire de détail sur les agriculteurs, les transformateurs et les consommateurs (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264028897 , 9264028900 , 9789264028890
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p)
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2010 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Supermarkets and the Meat Supply Chain: The Economic Impact of Food Retail on Farmers, Processors and Consumers
    Keywords: Meat industry and trade ; Fleischmarkt ; Lebensmittelgroßhandel ; Lebensmitteleinzelhandel ; Supermarkt ; Preisbildung ; Fleischindustrie ; Fleischverarbeitende Industrie ; Fleischverbrauch
    Note: "Publié en anglais sous le titre : Supermarkets and the meat supply chain : the economic impact of food retail on farmers, processors and consumers , Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264028906-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 51
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    Boîte à outils anti-spam de l'OCDE : Politiques et mesures recommandées (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264027183
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (134 p)
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2010 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Anti-Spam Toolkit of Recommended Policies and Measures
    Keywords: Computer networks Security measures ; Electronic mail systems Security measures ; Electronic mail systems ; Spam (Electronic mail)
    Description / Table of Contents: ""AVANT-PROPOS""; ""TABLE DES MATIÃ?RES""; ""SYNTHÃ?SE""; ""INTRODUCTION""
    Note: Also published in English under the title: OECD anti-spam toolkit of recommended policies , Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264027190-fr
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  • 52
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    Suisse (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264018360 , 9264018352 , 9789264018358
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p)
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2011 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE des systèmes de santé/OECD Reviews of Health Systems
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Health Systems: Switzerland 2006
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD-Berichte über Gesundheitssysteme: Schweiz 2006
    Keywords: Public health ; Medical care ; Schweiz ; Gesundheitswesen
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Published also in English under the title: OECD reviews of health care systems : Switzerland , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264018365-fr
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  • 53
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    Cycles du combustible nucléaire avancés et gestion des déchets radioactifs (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264024885
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (254 p.)
    Series Statement: Développement de l'énergie nucléaire
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Advanced Nuclear Fuel Cycles and Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Cette étude analyse différents cycles du combustible nucléaire avancés du point de vue de leur impact sur la gestion des déchets radioactifs. Elle examine divers cycles et illustre les différences entre plusieurs technologies. Toutefois, elle ne prétend pas offrir un panorama de tous les cycles du combustible envisageables à l'avenir. Cette analyse approfondit les études antérieures sur ce sujet. Elle examine les cycles du combustible dans leur ensemble, y compris les déchets radioactifs générés à chacune des étapes du cycle, et les performances des dépôts de déchets de haute activité pour les différents cycles étudiés.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264024885-fr
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  • 54
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    From Immigration to Integration : Local Solutions to a Global Challenge (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 926402896X , 9789264028968
    Language: English
    Pages: 322 p. , ill. , 16x23cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. De l'immigration à l'intégration : Des solutions locales à un défi mondial
    RVK:
    MS 3600
    RVK:
    QV 224
    RVK:
    MF 9000
    RVK:
    MS 1500
    Keywords: Manpower policy ; Immigrants Cultural assimilation ; Foreign workers Government policy ; OECD countries Emigration and immigration ; Government policy ; Einwanderung ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Integration ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: The integration of immigrants at the local level is a topic of significant interest for OECD countries. The growing importance of the knowledge economy means that the battle for talent is becoming as important as the battle for inward investment, and skilled migrants can offer a significant comparative advantage to local labor markets, as long as their potential is harnessed. Unskilled migrants are also in demand, particularly where rising living costs make lower paid jobs unattractive to the native population, and where demographic change and population movement combine to reduce the self-sufficiency of local labor markets. For the potential advantages of migration to be maximized, however, it is crucial that immigration is accompanied by integration, that is, effective mechanisms for ensuring immigrants are effectively incorporated into local labor markets. Paradoxically, at the same time that migration is increasing in global importance, there is worrying evidence that integration results do not seem to be as favorable in a number of countries as they were in the past.--Publisher summary
    Description / Table of Contents: Integrating immigrants : finding the right policy mix to tackle a governance problem / by Sylvain GiguèreFrom immigration to integration : comparing local practices / by Francesca Froy -- Integrating immigrants in Canada : addressing skills diversity / by Bob Birrell and Elisabeth McIssac -- Innovating in the supply of services to meet the needs of immigrants in Italy / by Jonathan Chaloff -- Routes into employment for refugees : a review of local approaches in London / by Anne E. Green -- Local responses to a new issue : integrating immigrants in Spain / by Mary P. Corcoran -- Focusing on the young : integration in Switzerland / by Steve Fenton.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF title page (OECD iLibrary, viewed June 30, 2010)
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264028968-en
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  • 55
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    Fighting Corruption in Transition Economies: Tajikistan (Russian version) (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264011113
    Language: Russian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (190 p.)
    Series Statement: Fighting Corruption in Transition Economies (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fighting Corruption in Transition Economies; Tajikistan 2005
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fighting Corruption in Transition Economies: Tajikistan 2005
    Keywords: Governance ; Tajikistan
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264011113-ru
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  • 56
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    Le secteur du coton au Mali : réaliser son potentiel de croissance (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 2 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Centre de développement de l'OCDE - Repères no.30
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Cotton Sector in Mali: Realising its Growth Potential
    Keywords: Development ; Mali
    Abstract: Comment le Mali et les bailleurs de fonds peuvent-ils renforcer la compétitivité du secteur cotonnier malien et réaliser son potentiel de croissance? Le Mali est l’un des C4 pays ouest africains qui militent, à l’OMC, pour la suppression des subventions aux exportations de coton dans les pays du Nord. En outre, la croissance du secteur cotonnier passe par le renforcement des capacités des producteurs et des investissements dans les infrastructures et dans la recherche et le développement.
    DOI: 10.1787/245075033785
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  • 57
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    Improving Public-spending Efficiency in Czech Regions and Municipalities (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 31 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.499
    Keywords: Economics ; Czech Republic
    Abstract: This paper looks at ways of ensuring Czech regions and municipalities are fully motivated to make efficiency improvements in public service provision and so help achieve countrywide fiscal sustainability. The very large number of small municipalities in the Czech Republic means that scale economies are difficult to exploit and the policy options for overcoming this problem are discussed. In the financing system there are issues of transparency and the balance between autonomy for the regions and municipalities and central-government power to direct resources. In terms of accountability, questions of oversight and transparency arise in the public-procurement system and benchmarking in cost and output in public services is not yet widely used. This Working Paper relates to the 2006 OECD Economic Survey of the Czech Republic (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/Czech).
    DOI: 10.1787/884741503537
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  • 58
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    Législations nucléaires des pays de l'OCDE : Australie (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264061576
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Législations nucléaires des pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Legislation in OECD Countries; Australia
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Legislation in OECD Countries: Australia
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Australia
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264061576-fr
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  • 59
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    Perspectives économiques en Afrique 2006 : Un continent à deux vitesses ? (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 2 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Centre de développement de l'OCDE - Repères no.22
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. African Economic Outlook 2006: A Two-speed Continent?
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Avec, en 2005, et pour la troisième année consécutive, des performances satisfaisantes, l’embellie des économies africaines semble devoir se prolonger. Cependant la persistance d’un prix élevé du pétrole constitue à moyen terme un risque important pour les importateurs africains d’hydrocarbures.
    DOI: 10.1787/246170478601
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  • 60
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    Poland's Education and Training : Boosting and Adapting Human Capital (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.495
    Keywords: Economics ; Poland
    Abstract: An effective system of education and training is important for both social and economic reasons. Its role in the Polish economy is to provide the current and future labour force with skills to facilitate both continuing productivity growth and reallocation of resources as structural adjustment proceeds. Important reforms to decentralise primary and secondary education in the late 1990s are now reaching maturity, as cohort sizes decline steeply. These reforms and PISA results have focused attention on quality control and the place of vocational education. Both are important in the tertiary sector, too, which has seen a four-fold expansion in 15 years, mushrooming of private-sector provision and questions on the appropriate balance of public and private funding. Participation in adult training is low too and, as elsewhere, seems to be concentrated among already relatively highly-educated groups but does not seem to be having much impact on improving the human capital of older and less skilled groups. This Working Paper relates to the 2006 OECD Economic Survey of Poland (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/poland).
    DOI: 10.1787/632107685302
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  • 61
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    Labour Market Performance, Income Inequality and Poverty in OECD countries (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 50 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.500
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: There have been concerns that employment-enhancing reforms along the lines of the 1994 OECD Jobs Strategy could inadvertently lead to increased income inequality and poverty. This paper focuses on the impact of institutions and redistributive policies on inequality and poverty with the view of assessing whether a trade-off between better labour market performance and equity has taken place in OECD countries, notably in the 1990s. During this period, reductions of unemployment have been associated with rising wage dispersion for workers in most OECD countries. Nevertheless, no clear general trend appears for total disposable income inequality and relative poverty among the total population. These developments suggest that gains from higher employment have in general offset the impact of rising wage dispersion. A preliminary econometric analysis for the period 1978- 2000 fails to detect any robust relationship between labour market institutions/policies and inequality as measured by the Gini coefficient. Please note that annexes are only available on the OECD Economics Department Website at: www.oecd.org/eco/Working_Papers.
    DOI: 10.1787/882154447387
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  • 62
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    Législations nucléaires des pays de l'OCDE : République slovaque (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264066571
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Législations nucléaires des pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Legislation in OECD Countries; Slovak Republic
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Legislation in OECD Countries: Slovak Republic
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Slovak Republic
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264066571-fr
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  • 63
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    The Coherence of Trade Flows and Trade Policies with Aid and Investment Flows (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 49 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.254
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: This paper provides a theoretical and empirical overview of the relationships among trade, aid and FDI, both in terms of policy interactions and interactions among resource flows. Aid flows from one country to another can have positive or negative effects on trade flows between those countries. These effects, in turn, may act at two different levels. There are macro-level links between aid and trade: aid enhances saving, permitting more imports, or aid raises the real exchange rate, depressing exports. There are also micro-level mechanisms: tied aid may increase exports if it is spent on enhancing trade capacity, but other forms of tied aid merely lead to allocative inefficiency. Aid flows can affect trade policy in the developing country that...
    DOI: 10.1787/348655721501
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  • 64
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    South-South Services Trade (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 71 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Working Papers no.39
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Papers no.39
    Keywords: Trade
    Abstract: This paper contributes to the debate on the development potential of South-South trade in services. It represents the first attempt to identify key features governing the South-South dimension of services. Services trade between developing countries is predominantly regional and may reflect an increasing tendency to incorporate disciplines to liberalise services trade in regional agreements. It is estimated that cross-border South-South exports currently represent around 10 percent of world services exports. The bulk of developing countries? exports is...
    DOI: 10.1787/314720701370
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  • 65
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    La rénovation du St. John's Central College en Irlande (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 3 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Échanges, Programme pour la construction et l'équipement de l'éducation no.2006/03
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ireland's Refurbished St. John's Central College
    Keywords: Education ; Ireland
    Abstract: Le St. John’s Central College, troisième plus grand établissement d’enseignement postscolaire d’Irlande, a récemment étendu et remis à neuf ses installations. Le résultat est un espace plus ouvert à la collectivité et des bâtiments nouveaux conçus selon leurs fonctions sociales et pédagogiques.
    DOI: 10.1787/526256846746
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    Progrès de l'évaluation des bâtiments scolaires en Écosse (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 3 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Échanges, Programme pour la construction et l'équipement de l'éducation no.2006/04
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Progress on Evaluating School Buildings in Scotland
    Keywords: Education ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: En juin 2004, l’Exécutif écossais a publié des lignes directrices pour l’évaluation après achèvement des nouveaux bâtiments scolaires construits, Building Our Future : Scotland’s School Estate (Construisons notre avenir : le parc immobilier scolaire en Écosse), qui s’inscrivaient dans la stratégie immobilière applicable au secteur éducatif. Les lignes directrices étaient complétées par une évaluation sous forme d’étude de cas d’une école primaire d’Édimbourg (voir PEB Échanges, n° 53, octobre 2004). Continuant à soutenir les travaux d’évaluation du parc immobilier scolaire, l’Exécutif a récemment organisé un atelier sur l’évaluation de la fonctionnalité des bâtiments à l’intention des autorités locales et doit publier sous peu une nouvelle étude de cas concernant une évaluation expérimentale effectuée, cette fois, dans un établissement secondaire, le lycée Braes.
    DOI: 10.1787/525171600860
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    Global Overview of Innovative Activities from the Patent Indicators Perspective (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 65 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers no.2006/03
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This paper provides an overview of innovative activities across a wide range of OECD member and non-member countries, based on international comparable patent indicators. Patent data are frequently used to measure innovative activities, because patent-based indicators reflect the inventive performance of countries, regions, firms, as well as other aspects of the dynamics of the innovation process.
    DOI: 10.1787/674714465672
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  • 68
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    Réforme des systèmes de sécurité et gouvernance (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264007895
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices et ouvrages de référence du CAD
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Security System Reform and Governance
    Keywords: Governance ; Development
    Abstract: Un système de sécurité géré selon les principes démocratiques, responsable et efficient contribue à réduire le risque de conflit violent et à instaurer un climat de sécurité propice à la réduction de la pauvreté, à l’exercice des droits de l’homme et à l’avènement d’un développement durable. La prise de conscience des liens inextricables existant entre développement et sécurité fait que la sécurité est de plus en plus regardée comme une question de politique publique et une affaire de bonne gouvernance. Le présent ouvrage atteste de la poursuite des efforts déployés par le Comité d’aide au développement (CAD) pour mettre au point des outils et des instruments de prévention des conflits et d’amélioration de la sécurité et de la stabilité à long terme. Les orientations qui y sont fournies mettent en avant le rôle constructif que peut jouer la réforme intégrée du système de sécurité pour stabiliser des Etats fragiles et des pays sujets aux conflits ou théâtres d’un conflit. Par système de sécurité, on entend en l’occurrence non seulement l’armée, la police et la gendarmerie, les services de renseignement et les systèmes judiciaire et pénitentiaire, mais également les structures civiles chargées d’en assurer la supervision et le contrôle démocratique. La première partie de l’ouvrage regroupe une déclaration et un document qui ont été entérinés en 2004 par les ministres de la coopération pour le développement et les responsables des organismes d’aide des membres du CAD et par le Conseil de l’OCDE. Y sont définis les principaux concepts se rapportant à la réforme des systèmes de sécurité et proposés des moyens d’encourager une telle réforme dans les pays en développement, en tenant compte de la dynamique régionale. L’accent est mis sur le fait que la réforme des systèmes de sécurité, et le contexte dans lequel elle s’inscrit, doivent mobiliser tous les services oeuvrant dans les sphères des affaires étrangères, du développement et de la défense afin d’assurer une approche « à l’échelle de l’ensemble de l’administration » de l’aide au développement. La mise en place de programmes complets, coordonnés et intégrés doit être encouragée par les responsables à tous les niveaux. Il est essentiel que le pays partenaire adhère à la ligne d’action retenue et la fasse sienne pour qu’elle soit réellement suivie d’effets sur le terrain. Dans la deuxième partie, un consultant de haut rang se penche sur la genèse des objectifs de réforme des systèmes de sécurité et sur les défis que soulève pour les donneurs leur promotion dans les pays partenaires. En annexe sont ensuite présentées les conclusions d’experts qui ont été chargés d’étudier la situation prévalant dans quatre régions, à savoir l’Afrique, la région Asie-Pacifique, l’Europe du Sud-Est, et les Etats baltes et la CEI. Est en particulier exposé le point de vue de ces personnes sur les changements en cours dans la conception que les pays en développement de ces différentes régions ont de la sécurité, parallèlement à un compte rendu et une analyse des diverses activités de réforme actuellement mises en œuvre. Sont également examinées les adaptations et les améliorations qui pourraient devoir être apportées à la notion de réforme des systèmes de sécurité et aux objectifs à poursuivre en la matière pour les ajuster au contexte dans lequel on cherche à les promouvoir.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264007895-fr
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    Improving Education Achievement and Attainment in Luxembourg (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 41 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.508
    Keywords: Economics ; Luxembourg
    Abstract: Improving education achievement in Luxembourg is a priority for strengthening productivity growth and enhancing residents. employment prospects in the private sector, where employers mainly hire cross-border workers. Student achievement in Luxembourg is below the OECD average according to the 2003 OECD PISA study, with the performance gap between immigrant and native students being above average. A factor that makes learning more difficult in Luxembourg than in other countries is the use of three languages of instruction (Lëtzebuergesch, German and French). New empirical evidence presented in this paper based on the PISA tests suggests that the reforms over the past decade or so to attenuate these difficulties have had considerable success: the adverse impact of immigrant status on PISA test scores is around the OECD average. The fact that the performance gap between immigrant and native students is nevertheless greater than average reflects other factors, notably the relatively large difference in socio-economic background between immigrant and native students. The paper also discusses further reforms that are underway or planned to improve achievement of immigrant students. Another feature of Luxembourg.s education system is that it is highly stratified, with children being sorted into a large number of parallel tracks at an early stage and there being a high rate of grade repetition. International evidence suggests that stratification increases the impact of socio-economic background on student achievement. Reforms to reduce stratification are discussed in the remainder of the paper, together with reforms to enhance achievement more generally by improving teaching skills and basing school programmes on key competences. This paper relates to the 2006 Economic Survey of Luxembourg (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/luxembourg).
    DOI: 10.1787/431707836184
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  • 70
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    Politiques et pratiques en matière de conflit d'intérêts dans neuf Etats membres de l'UE : Etude comparative (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Documents SIGMA no.36
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Conflict of Interest Policies and Practices in Nine EU Member States: A Comparative Review
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Ce document a été préparé par Sigma, à la demande du Ministère de l'intérieur de la République Tchèque, afin de servir de document de travail comparatif de base pour la préparation d'une nouvelle politique et réglementation en matière de conflit d'intérêts dans le secteur public tchèque. Etant donné son caractère généraliste, le présent document peut également être utile à d'autres pays réalisant des réformes spécifiques dans le domaine des conflits d'intérêts et des réformes plus générales liées aux politiques et aux instruments de lutte contre la corruption.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k40htrz63g8-fr
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    Personalising Education (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264036604
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Series Statement: Schooling for Tomorrow
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Personnaliser l'enseignement
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Personalising education
    DDC: 370.1523
    RVK:
    DP 1800
    RVK:
    DF 3000
    RVK:
    DI 4000
    Keywords: Unterricht ; Lernen ; Education ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Lernen ; Schule ; Unterrichtsmethode ; Lernumwelt ; Bildungstheorie ; Personalisierung
    Abstract: Personalisation of education can mean many things and raises profound questions about the purposes of and possibilities for education. What are the policy challenges to be addressed in furthering personalisation? What do the learning sciences, including burgeoning research into brain functioning, have to contribute in pointing the way ahead? What are the constraints imposed by key stakeholders in education systems – including teachers, parents and employers, and how should these be met? Such questions are addressed in this new volume in the OECD's Schooling for Tomorrow series, with contributors from Canada, Denmark, France, Germany and the United Kingdom.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264036604-en
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    Should Measures of Fiscal Stance be Adjusted for Terms of Trade Effects? (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 23 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.519
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper considers the case for adjusting measures of the cyclically-adjusted fiscal balance for exceptional movements in the terms of trade for those countries where production of commodities is a substantial share of output. For such countries exceptional movements in commodity prices, such as have occurred in recent years, are likely to lead to higher tax revenues, most immediately from the companies directly involved in extracting or producing the commodities, but also less directly as the consequent rise in the terms of trade increases real incomes more broadly. A simple method is proposed to allow for exceptional developments in commodity prices using an adjustment based on a concept of the real income gap rather than a real output gap. This method is subsequently applied to Australia -- one of the world?s leading producers of mined commodities -- and the results contrasted with the standard OECD method of calculating the cyclically-adjusted fiscal balance. It is shown that over much of history the two methods generate similar results, but during exceptional periods of rapid change in commodity prices the measures can be very different. The analysis highlights that a key assumption needed to adjust for commodity price developments concerns the equilibrium level of the terms of trade. While the assumption that the terms of trade returns to long-run historical trends might appear a natural benchmark, recent sustained strong growth in demand for commodities from China and other developing Asian economies raises the question as to whether this has led to a permanent increase in the terms of trade of major commodity producers like Australia and has thus permanently raised government revenues. This Working Paper relates to the 2006 OECD Economic Survey of Australia (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/australia).
    DOI: 10.1787/416678318453
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  • 73
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    Upgrading Japan's Innovation System to Sustain Economic Growth (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 49 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.527
    Keywords: Economics ; Japan
    Abstract: Increasing productivity growth through innovation is a key to raising living standards. Although R&D intensity in Japan is the third highest in the OECD area, the benefits do not appear to have been commensurate with the level of investment. The innovation system, which developed during the catchingup process, is largely input-driven and focused on incremental innovation based on closed and stable corporate and employment systems. However, this approach is less appropriate in the current global environment that favours risk-taking and a more open system relying on external linkages. To improve the innovation system, a broad-based strategy is needed, including a reform of framework conditions in the product and labour markets to strengthen competition and mobility, enhance international R&D links and improve the environment for venture business. Education and public research should be upgraded through stronger competition. The effectiveness of science and technology policy should be increased by strengthening its link to economic framework policies. This Working Paper relates to the 2006 OECD Economic Survey of Japan (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/japan).
    DOI: 10.1787/365562216004
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    Strengthening Innovation in the Netherlands : Making Better Use of Knowledge Creation in Innovation Activities (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 44 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.479
    Keywords: Economics ; Netherlands
    Abstract: Strengthening the innovation system in the Netherlands is a priority for raising productivity growth, which has been relatively weak in recent years. Knowledge creation in the Netherlands is strong -- scientific publications per capita are the sixth highest in the OECD -- but innovation activity is only around the average for OECD countries according to the EIS Summary Innovation Index. The main weaknesses are in business R&D intensity, the share of the population with tertiary education, and in commercially applying new knowledge. This paper discusses reforms being implemented to overcome these weaknesses and suggests directions for building on such reforms. Co-operation between public research organisations and innovating firms is being strengthened, support for innovation is being rationalised and measures are being taken to increase both the current and prospective supply of scientists and engineers with a view to making the Netherlands a more attractive location for R&D investments. To increase the tertiary attainment rate, the authorities are considering introducing shorter tertiary courses and are experimenting with greater competition among tertiary education suppliers for public funds. To strengthen performance in commercial application of new knowledge, barriers to entrepreneurship are being reduced but more should be done to strengthen incentives for entrepreneurship. This Working Paper relates to the 2005 OECD Economic Survey of the Netherlands (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/netherlands).
    DOI: 10.1787/612130717511
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  • 75
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    Policies for Migration and Development : A European Perspective (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 48 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Policy Briefs no.30
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Politiques migratoires et développement : Une perspective européenne
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Managing migration has become a priority for policy makers both in developed and developing countries; it is a difficult challenge indeed. Large immigration or emigration flows relative to domestic population’s impact on almost all aspects of an economy and society: family structures, community life, educational and health systems, labour markets, security systems, governance and institutions. Despite the inherent difficulties in policy making, there is a growing awareness that if management can be improved, important gains for both migrant-receiving (“host”) and migrant-sending (“home”) countries may be generated. Effective management can furthermore mitigate the risks associated with migration....
    DOI: 10.1787/201404814435
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    Valuation and Exploitation of Intellectual Property (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 49 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers no.2006/05
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: As firms shift to more open models of innovation based on collaboration and external sourcing of knowledge, they are exploiting their intellectual property, notably patents, not only by incorporating protected inventions into new products, processes and services, but also by licensing them to other firms or public research organisations (PROs), using them as bargaining chips in negotiations with other firms, and as a means of attracting external financing from banks, venture capitalists and other sources...
    DOI: 10.1787/307034817055
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  • 77
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    The Turkish Pension System : Further Reforms to Help Solve the Informality Problem (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 29 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.529
    Keywords: Economics ; Turkey
    Abstract: Recent social security reform has significantly improved the long-run sustainability of the pension system. However, the pension system continues to serve as an important barrier to a more rapid expansion of the formalsector economy in two ways. First, early-retirement incentives (including severance payments) continue to push many incumbent formal sector workers into the informal sector, often at ages as young as 40-45. While new labour force entrants face a much higher retirement age, policies for incumbents are fiscally expensive, inequitable, and serve to swell the ranks of the informal sector. Second, even when the transition to the new pension rules is complete, net replacement rates will remain very high by OECD standards, requiring high social security contribution rates that make it too expensive for firms to employ low-skilled labour in the formal sector. Thus, further pension reform is one of the keys to overcoming Turkey's economic duality. Finally, since the pension system does not cover the informal sector, it does little to alleviate poverty among the wider population of older people. This paper discusses a number of reforms that would increase the retirement age, reduce inter-generational inequities, and permit a significant cut in the tax wedge on labour, while better addressing old-age poverty concerns at all levels of income. This Working Paper relates to the 2006 Economic Survey of Turkey (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/turkey).
    DOI: 10.1787/363386547648
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    Removing Obstacles to Employment for Women in Ireland (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 20 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.511
    Keywords: Economics ; Ireland
    Abstract: Women have contributed a great deal to Ireland's economic growth, including by joining the labour force in large numbers. The rise in female participation since 1990 has been amongst the strongest in the OECD, but from a low base. Female participation rates remain below the OECD average for all except the under-thirties. Cultural attitudes and low educational attainment among older women are factors, but policy settings play a role as well. Support to families is not targeted at working parents, implying that the return to work is low for many mothers. Working parents of school-age children also face difficulties in reconciling employment and work because out-of-school care is insufficiently developed. The tax system should be further improved to support second earners, most of whom are women, so as to strengthen their incentive to enter the labour market and reduce the bias in favour of the home production of services such as childcare. This paper reviews these issues and offers recommendations to continue to create a more favourable environment for women who want to enter the labour market.
    DOI: 10.1787/431167074033
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  • 79
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    Taxation, Business Environment and FDI Location in OECD Countries (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 30 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.502
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper assesses the importance of taxation on foreign direct investment contributing to the literature in two ways. First, it relates bilateral FDI among OECD countries over the 1990s to a new set of estimates of corporate tax wedges that include many relevant aspects of FDI taxation. Second, it controls for a large set of additional policy and non-policy factors that may affect the attractiveness of a country for foreign investors. Furthermore, the empirical approach is novel in that it focuses on a semi-parametric estimation methodology that accounts for a number of unobserved effects possibly impinging on the choice of investment location by multinational enterprises. Consistent with previous findings, the estimation results suggest that corporate taxation has a non-negligible impact on FDI location choices. However, the results suggest that focusing only on taxation in home and host countries and omitting other policies (such as border policies and labour and product market settings) may lead to a serious overestimation of tax elasticities and their relevance for policy.
    DOI: 10.1787/874058477248
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  • 80
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    Report on Disclosure Issues Related to the Use of Copy Control and Digital Rights Management Technologies (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 17 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.115
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report analyses the disclosure issues raised by technically-imposed restrictions on the use of digital content.
    DOI: 10.1787/231477833812
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  • 81
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    The Turkish Pension System : Further Reforms to Help Solve the Informality Problem (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 31 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.44
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Turkey
    Abstract: Recent social security reform has significantly improved the long-run sustainability of the pension system. However, the pension system continues to serve as an important barrier to a more rapid expansion of the formal-sector economy in two ways. First, early-retirement incentives (including severance payments) continue to push many incumbent formal sector workers into the informal sector, often at ages as young as 40-45. While new labour force entrants face a much higher retirement age, policies for incumbents are fiscally expensive, inequitable, and serve to swell the ranks of the informal sector. Second, even when the transition to the new pension rules is complete, net replacement rates will remain very high by OECD standards, requiring high social security contribution rates that make it too expensive for firms to employ low-skilled labour in the formal sector. Thus, further pension reform is one of the keys to overcoming Turkey’s economic duality. Finally, since the pension system does not cover the informal sector, it does little to alleviate poverty among the wider population of older people. This paper discusses a number of reforms that would increase the retirement age, reduce inter-generational inequities, and permit a significant cut in the tax wedge on labour, while better addressing old-age poverty concerns at all levels of income.
    DOI: 10.1787/348880554402
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  • 82
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    Structures familiales, transferts et épargne : Examen (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 46 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.255
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: This study shows a new approach concerning the concept of family in developing countries. This new approach notably takes into account numerous family related constraints placed upon members of a household. This allows us to analyse more effectively the impact of family structures and intra-family money transfers on saving and investment, which are important factors for growth and poverty reduction. The study revealed that these family structures can lead to opportunistic behaviour which can hinder saving and investment within households, but they also often provide the only social protection for some of the poorest people. The challenge for politicians will be to anticipate the response from households faced with policies to increase saving and investment when they are subject to such strong institutional constraints.
    DOI: 10.1787/347536521343
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  • 83
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    The Secondary Market for Domain Names (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 25 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.111
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The paper provides an overview of recent developments in Internet domain name markets, and more specifically, in the market for secondary domain names that is largely driven by Internet advertising on search engines.
    DOI: 10.1787/231550251200
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    Législations nucléaires des pays de l'OCDE : Canada (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264061637
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Législations nucléaires des pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Legislation in OECD Countries; Canada
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Legislation in OECD Countries: Canada
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Canada
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264061637-fr
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  • 85
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    Législations nucléaires des pays de l'OCDE : Grèce (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264066267
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Législations nucléaires des pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Legislation in OECD Countries; Greece
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Legislation in OECD Countries: Greece
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Greece
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264066267-fr
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  • 86
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    From Inactivity to Work : The Role of Active Labour Market Policies (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 76 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.36
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Many OECD countries have in recent decades experienced periods of relatively rapid growth in nonemployment benefit expenditures and recipiency rates which have not subsequently been reversed. By contrast, in a number of OECD countries the number of unemployment benefit recipients has declined fairly sharply since the mid-1990s. Although national situations for particular benefits vary greatly, a variety of evidence suggests that there is now often substantial scope for bringing people currently in the sick and disabled, lone-parent, old-age and non-categorical social assistance groups into employment.
    DOI: 10.1787/687686456188
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  • 87
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    L' évaluation de la qualité des équipements éducatifs (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 9 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Échanges, Programme pour la construction et l'équipement de l'éducation no.2006/01
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Evaluating Quality in Educational Facilities
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: En 2005, le Programme de l’OCDE pour la construction et l’équipement de l’éducation (PEB) a organisé deux réunions d’experts internationaux pour débattre des méthodes employées par les pays pour définir et évaluer la qualité des équipements éducatifs. En plus des enseignements tirés de ces deux réunions, cet article présente les recherches et les expériences de six experts : le directeur d’un programme de construction rend compte des normes utilisées pour évaluer l’adéquation des équipements éducatifs des écoles publiques de l’État du Maryland, aux États-Unis ; un chercheur présente une méthode d’évaluation de la fonctionnalité des lieux, utilisée dans des écoles de Sao Paulo, au Brésil ; un autre chercheur décrit un dispositif de collecte de données servant à établir des indicateurs sur les infrastructures de l’éducation dans un certain nombre de municipalités en Grèce ; deux administrateurs examinent les normes établies pour assurer un niveau minimum de qualité et de sécurité dans les installations éducatives au Mexique ; deux architectes communiquent les résultats d’une récente évaluation de fonctionnalité réalisée dans un nouvel établissement scolaire de Pendao, au Portugal ; et un urbaniste présente un projet international de construction de nouvelles écoles au Salvador, qui s’appuie sur des critères de qualité.
    DOI: 10.1787/527361287865
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  • 88
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    Résumé des considérations du groupe d'experts de l'OCDE sur l'écotoxicologie (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264022393
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Summary of Considerations in the Report from the OECD Expert Group on Ecotoxicology
    Keywords: Environment
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264022393-fr
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  • 89
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    Fiscal Autonomy of Sub-Central Governments (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on Fiscal Federalism no.2
    Keywords: Taxation
    Abstract: State and local governments in OECD countries have access to a variety of fiscal resources. Discretion over these resources varies considerably, and so does sub-central governments’ power to shape public service delivery. The design of fiscal autonomy affects sub-central government’s behaviour and determines outcomes like public sector efficiency, equity in access to public services or the long term fiscal stance. This paper provides data and interpretation on the fiscal resources of sub-central government in OECD countries. It presents a set of fiscal autonomy indicators such as revenue and expenditure decentralisation, tax autonomy, intergovernmental grants and the stringency of fiscal rules. In sum, the statistics show that taxes are still the most significant revenue source for subcentral governments but that only a part is under their effective control. Fiscal autonomy is further reduced by a high percentage of earmarked grants. The design of fiscal federalism varies considerably across countries, and factor analysis reveals almost no correlation between different fiscal autonomy indicators. Indeed, “fiscal autonomy” appears to have several dimensions.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k97b127pc0t-en
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  • 90
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    Integrating Human Rights into Development : Donor Approaches, Experiences and Challenges (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264022102
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (169 p.)
    Series Statement: The Development Dimension
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Integrating human rights into development
    RVK:
    QC 347
    RVK:
    QM 353
    RVK:
    PR 2353
    Keywords: Entwicklungsorganisation ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Bilateralität ; Menschenrecht ; Menschenrechtspolitik ; Schutz ; Governance ; Development ; Industriestaaten ; Entwicklungsländer ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungspolitik ; Menschenrechtspolitik ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Menschenrecht
    Abstract: This book enhances understanding and consensus on why and how we need to work more strategically and coherently on the integration of human rights and development. It reviews the approaches of different donor agencies and their rationales for working on human rights, and identifies the current practice in this field. It illustrates how aid agencies are working on human rights issues at the programming level, and it draws together lessons that form the core of the current evidence around the added value of human rights for development. Lastly, it addresses both new opportunities and conceptual and practical challenges to human rights within the evolving development partnerships between donors and partner countries, as well as in relation to the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness as a new reference point of the international aid system. By giving numerous examples of practical approaches, this publication shows that there are various ways for donor agencies to take human rights more systematically into account – in accordance with their respective mandates, modes of engagement and comparative advantage.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264022102-en
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  • 91
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    Wage Setting in Finland : Increasing Flexibility in Centralised Wage Agreements (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 27 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.503
    Keywords: Economics ; Finland
    Abstract: The centralised wage agreements have helped to contain inflation. There is evidence that wage increases were more moderate when a central agreement was concluded than in periods when no central agreement was reached. Nevertheless, there is also evidence that centralised wage setting has had some drawbacks in terms of reducing employment among low-skilled and younger workers because of high minimum wage floors. In the current wage setting system there are components that allow for greater relative wage flexibility. These should be used more extensively. The role of the government in future agreements should be to encourage greater relative wage flexibility within the current bargaining framework. This paper relates to the 2006 Economic Survey of Finland (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/finland).
    DOI: 10.1787/873363738433
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  • 92
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    Boosting Competition in Ireland (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 25 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.491
    Keywords: Economics ; Ireland
    Abstract: While Ireland’s economic performance has been impressive, there are too many sectors where producers are shielded from competition, at the expense of consumers. The loss in efficiency from these policies will become more noticeable as Ireland’s growth rate settles down towards more normal levels. International evidence suggests that enhancing competition is an important means for lowering prices and boosting productivity and innovation. This paper reviews the main areas for reform, including retail trade, pharmacies, professional services such as legal and medical services, and various network industries including electricity, telecommunications and inter-city buses. It also appraises the structure and enforcement of competition law.
    DOI: 10.1787/741520025080
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  • 93
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    Assessing Russia's Non-fuel Trade Elasticities : Does the Russian Economy React "Normally" to Exchange Rate Movements? (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 29 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.510
    Keywords: Economics ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: This paper attempts to assess the impact of exchange rate movements on Russian import and nonfuel export performance, using an error correction model. The estimation of trade equations shows that long-run price elasticities for imports and non-fuel exports are close to 0.6 and 0.7 respectively, hence relatively similar to those obtained for OECD countries. The Marshall-Lerner condition clearly holds. More precisely, we find that a 10% real appreciation (depreciation) of the currency leads on average to a non-fuel current account deterioration (improvement) of around 1% of GDP. Moreover, the short-term dynamics of the error correction model indicate that the response of the trade balance to exchange rate shocks is rapid, the adjustment being almost complete after one quarter. Finally, the evolution of import prices and non-fuel export prices of Russia, relatively to its competitors on domestic and third markets, suggests that the Russian economy lost already in 2004 the price-competitiveness advantage it had gained after the 1998 crisis.
    DOI: 10.1787/431350563511
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  • 94
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    Culture, Family Ties and the Saving Hand (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 2 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Policy Insights no.35
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Culture, liens familiaux et épargne
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Different cultures entail both a great diversity of household structures and different saving patterns. The diversity of family relations and saving patterns creates different incentives for physical and human capital accumulation. Policies can alter saving incentives and create the conditions for household structures themselves to change.
    DOI: 10.1787/244703652764
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  • 95
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    Monetary Policy and Inflation Expectations in Latin America : Long-run Effects and Volatility Spillovers (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 27 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.518
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The current monetary policy framework in several Latin American countries, combining inflation targeting and a floating exchange-rate regime, has contributed to disinflation by anchoring expectations around low, stable levels. This paper uses co-integration analysis to estimate simultaneously a monetary reaction function and the determinants of expected inflation for Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Mexico in the post-1999 period. It also tests for the presence of volatility spillovers between the monetary stance and inflation expectations based on M-GARCH modelling. The results of the empirical analysis show that: i) there are long-term relationships between the interest rate, expected inflation and the inflation target, suggesting that monetary policy has been conducted in a forward-looking manner and helped anchor inflation expectations in the countries under examination, and ii) greater volatility in the monetary stance leads to higher volatility in expected inflation in Brazil, Colombia and Mexico, suggesting that interest-rate smoothing contributes to reducing inflation expectations volatility. No volatility spillover effect was detected in the case of Chile.
    DOI: 10.1787/416820683181
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  • 96
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    African Economic Outlook 2006 : A Two-speed Continent? (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 2 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Policy Insights no.22
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Perspectives économiques en Afrique 2006 : Un continent à deux vitesses ?
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Africa’s economic progress now seems on a firm footing after a third straight year of satisfactory performance in 2005, with overall growth of 5 per cent, average per capita income up 3 per cent and inflation steady at under 10 per cent. Two-thirds of the 30 countries surveyed in the Africa Economic Outlook report showed a net growth ininvestment that was by far the best in seven years.
    DOI: 10.1787/245865188678
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  • 97
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    Les institutions entravent-elles le développement agricole de l'Afrique ? (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 2 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Centre de développement de l'OCDE - Repères no.17
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Do Institutions Block Agricultural Development in Africa?
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: L’existence d’un cadre institutionnel cohérent en appui à l’investissement, au commerce et aux mécanismes de représentation est une condition préalable indispensable pour le développement de l’agriculture.
    DOI: 10.1787/246571110710
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  • 98
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    Législations nucléaires des pays de l'OCDE : Turquie (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264066670
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Législations nucléaires des pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Legislation in OECD Countries; Turkey
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Legislation in OECD Countries: Turkey
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Turkey
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264066670-fr
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  • 99
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    Identifying Determinants of Germany's International Price Competitiveness : A Structural VAR Approach (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 31 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.523
    Keywords: Economics ; Germany
    Abstract: The paper employs a structural vector auto-regression (SVAR) along the lines of Blanchard and Quah (1989) and Clarida and Gali (1994) to identify the sources of changes in German international price competitiveness over the past 30 years. This leads to a separation of the driving forces of the real exchange rate into real demand, supply, and nominal shocks. Based on this decomposition, it is analysed whether real exchange rate changes have helped to stabilise output in the post re-unification period and whether such changes have facilitated the ongoing structural adjustment process of the German economy. The results indicate that real demand and nominal shocks have been the main drivers of the real exchange rate in the past, whereas output fluctuations have been almost entirely due to supply shocks. In particular, it turns out that improvements of Germany’s price competitiveness in the second half of the 1990s have been primarily the result of a relative domestic demand restraint and hardly that of supply side expansions.
    DOI: 10.1787/407563327012
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  • 100
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    Restoring Fiscal Sustainability in the Euro Area : Raise Taxes or Curb Spending? (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 40 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.520
    Keywords: Economics ; Euro Area
    Abstract: With population ageing, fiscal consolidation has become of paramount importance for euro area countries. Consolidation can be pursued in various ways, with different effects on potential growth, which itself will be dragged down by ageing. A dynamic general equilibrium model with overlapping generations and a public finance block (including a pay-as-you-go pension regime, a health care system, non ageingrelated public spending and a stock of debt to be repaid) is used to compare the macroeconomic impact of four scenarios: a) increasing taxes to finance unchanged pensions and repay public debt, b) lowering future pension replacement rates and repaying public debt through a lower ratio of non ageing-related outlays to GDP, c) raising the retirement age by 1.25 years per decade and increasing taxes only to pay off debt, and d) increasing the retirement age by 1.25 years per decade and paying off debt through a lower ratio of non ageing-related expenditure to GDP. This last scenario is the one where growth is strongest: with gradual increases in the retirement age and spending restraint, average GDP growth in the 2010s would be 0.34 percentage point stronger than in a scenario where fiscal consolidation is achieved exclusively through tax hikes. The appropriate conclusion from the model is not that public spending is bad per se, but that cuts to lower-priority spending items can deliver surprisingly large income gains compared with the alternative of raising taxes.
    DOI: 10.1787/414711615127
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