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  • BSZ  (61)
  • Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press  (50)
  • Dordrecht : Springer
  • Psychology  (59)
  • Physics
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  • 1
    ISBN: 9781009086721
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (viii, 319 pages)
    Edition: Second Edition.
    DDC: 302.34
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    Keywords: Organizational change Psychological aspects ; Employees Psychology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: This volume brings together recent insights about the psychology of organizational change. The authors are leading scholars in the study of organizational change, taking on a micro-perspective for understanding the process through which responses to change emerge and impact work-related outcomes. Each chapter approaches the topic from a different perspective, highlighting a different aspect of the phenomenon. The book includes review chapters, chapters with new theoretical developments, and descriptions of empirical studies and their findings. It is intended for both academic and practitioners who wish to keep up to date about the mechanisms that explain how recipients of organizational change respond to and cope with change.
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  • 2
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781108367943
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 232 pages)
    DDC: 302
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    Abstract: Stanley Milgram's obedience experiments are among the most influential and controversial scientific studies ever conducted. The experiments are commonly understood to have shown how easily people can be led into harming another person, simply as a result of following orders. Recently, however, Milgram's studies have been subjected to a sustained critique and re-evaluation. This book draws on the vast stock of audio recordings from Milgram's experiments to reveal how these experiments can be understood as occasions for argumentation and rhetoric, rather than showing how passive subjects can be led into simply doing as they are told. In doing so, it reconsiders what we understand by 'obedience' and extends how social psychologists have understood rhetoric itself.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 20 Feb 2019)
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  • 3
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781108164832
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxvi, 256 pages)
    Series Statement: Advances in personal relationships
    DDC: 306.7
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    Abstract: Intimate relationships exist in social domains, in which there are cultural rules regarding appropriate behaviors. But they also inhabit psychological domains of thoughts, feelings, and desires. How are intimate relationships experienced by people living in various types of romantic or sexual relationships and in various cultural regions around the world? In what ways are they similar, and in what ways are they different? This book presents a cross-cultural extension of the findings originating from the classic Boston Couples Study. Amassing a wealth of new data from almost 9,000 participants worldwide, Hill explores the factors that predict having a current partner, relationship satisfaction, and relationship commitment. These predictions are compared across eight relationship types and nine cultural regions, then uniquely combined in a Comprehensive Partner Model and a Comprehensive Commitment Model. The findings test the generalizability of previous theories about intimate relationships, with implications for self-reflection, couples counseling, and well-being.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 28 Jun 2019)
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  • 4
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781316091944
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 270 pages)
    Series Statement: Culture and psychology
    DDC: 155.8/2
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    Abstract: Humans are complex social beings. To understand human behaviour, an integrated perspective is required - one which considers both what we regularly do (our personality traits) and what motivates us (our values). Personality, Values, Culture uses an evolutionary perspective to look at the similarities and differences in personality and values across modern societies. Integrating research on personality and human values into a functional framework that highlights their underlying compatibilities (driven by shared genetic and brain mechanisms), Fischer describes how personality is shaped by the complex interplay between genes and the environment, both over the course of human evolution and within the lifespan of individuals. He proposes a gene-culture coevolution model of personality and values to explain how and why people differ around the world and how genes, economics, social conditions, and climate jointly shape personality.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Jan 2018)
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  • 5
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781108297653
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 267 pages)
    DDC: 306.4/613
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    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: What would it be like to feel good about your body? Does anyone really fully appreciate their body? If diverse body shapes and sizes were shown in the media, would this change your perception? While this book addresses all of these questions and more, it is not simply a standard scientific exploration of poor body image. Instead, it examines a new movement focused on understanding what it is that leads people to love, appreciate, take care of, and embrace their bodies. Featuring chapters written by leading, international experts in the science and practice of body image, Body Positive is a provocative and engaging look at how we feel about our physical selves in the twenty-first century - and how we can all come to feel better than we currently do.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 04 Jul 2018)
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  • 6
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781316875032
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxxiii, 418 pages)
    Series Statement: Culture and psychology
    DDC: 303.482
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    Abstract: In culturally diverse societies, one of the biggest questions on our minds is 'how shall we all live together?' Mutual Intercultural Relations offers an answer to this fundamental and topical issue. By exploring intercultural relationships between dominant/national and non-dominant/ethnic populations in seventeen societies around the world, the authors are each able to chart the respective views of those populations and to generate 'general' principles of intercultural relations. The research reported in this book is guided by three psychological hypotheses which are evaluated by empirical research: multiculturalism, contact and integration. It was also carried out comparatively in order to gain knowledge about intercultural relations that may be general and not limited to a few social and political contexts. Understanding these general principles will offer help in the development of public policies and programmes designed to improve the quality of intercultural relations in culturally diverse societies around the world.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 24 Oct 2017)
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  • 7
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781316335369
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiv, 331 pages)
    DDC: 303.34
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    Keywords: Geschichte 1870-1940 ; Charisma ; Attraktion ; Gefühl ; Politische Führung ; Sozialer Wandel ; Soziale Bewegung ; USA
    Abstract: An innovative examination of American society, culture, and politics, The Age of Charisma argues that the modern relationship between American leaders and followers grew out of a unique group of charismatic social movements prominent in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. Drawing on hundreds of letters and testimonials, Jeremy C. Young illustrates how 'personal magnetism' in public speaking shaped society by enabling a shift from emotionally-inaccessible leadership to emotionally-available leadership. This charismatic speaking style caused a rapid transformation in the leader-follower relationship, creating an emotional link between speakers and listeners, and the effects of this social transformation remain with us today. Young argues that ultimately, charismatic movements enhanced American democracy by encouraging the personalization of leadership - creating a culture in which today's leaders appeal directly to Americans through mass media.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 31 Jan 2017)
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  • 8
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401798372
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXIV, 221 p. 19 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences 12
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Moreno, Alvaro Biological autonomy
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Biological models ; Consciousness ; Philosophy ; Biologie ; Philosophie ; Systembiologie ; Biologisches Modell
    Abstract: Since Darwin, Biology has been framed on the idea of evolution by natural selection, which has profoundly influenced the scientific and philosophical comprehension of biological phenomena and of our place in Nature. This book argues that contemporary biology should progress towards and revolve around an even more fundamental idea, that of autonomy. Biological autonomy describes living organisms as organised systems, which are able to self-produce and self-maintain as integrated entities, to establish their own goals and norms, and to promote the conditions of their existence through their interactions with the environment. Topics covered in this book include organisation and biological emergence, organisms, agency, levels of autonomy, cognition, and a look at the historical dimension of autonomy. The current development of scientific investigations on autonomous organisation calls for a theoretical and philosophical analysis. This can contribute to the elaboration of an original understanding of life - including human life - on Earth, opening new perspectives and enabling fecund interactions with other existing theories and approaches. This book takes up the challenge
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789401798228
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 438 p. 52 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences 11
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Braillard, Pierre-Alain Explanation in biology
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy
    Abstract: Patterns of explanation in biology have long been recognized as different from those deployed in other scientific disciplines, especially physics. Celebrating the diversity of explanatory models found in biology, this volume details their varying types as well as their relationships to one another. It covers the key current debates in the philosophy of biology over the nature of explanation, and its apparent diversity that stems from a variety of historical, causal, mechanistic, or mathmatical explanatory practices. Offering a wealth of fresh analyses on the nature of explanation in contemporary biology chapters examine aspects ranging from the role of mathematics in explaining cell development to the complexities thrown up by evolutionary-developmental biology, where explanation is altered by multidisciplinarity itself. They cover major domains such as ecology and systems biology, as well as contemporary trends, such as the mechanistic explanations spawned by progress in molecular biology. With contributions from researchers of many different nationalities, the book provides a many-angled perspective on a revealing feature of the discipline of biology
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  • 10
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401795050
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 390 p. 15 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Research in early childhood science education
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    Keywords: Science Study and teaching ; Early childhood education ; Education ; Early childhood education ; Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Naturwissenschaftlicher Unterricht ; Vorschulerziehung ; Grundschulunterricht
    Abstract: This book emphasizes the significance of teaching science in early childhood classrooms, reviews the research on what young children are likely to know about science, and provides key points on effectively teaching science to young children. Science education, an integral part of national and state standards for early childhood classrooms, encompasses not only content-based instruction but also process skills, creativity, experimentation, and problem-solving. By introducing science in developmentally appropriate ways, we can support young children’s sensory explorations of their world and provide them with foundational knowledge and skills for lifelong science learning, as well as an appreciation of nature. This book emphasizes the significance of teaching science in early childhood classrooms, reviews the research on what young children are likely to know about science, and provides key points on effectively teaching young children science. Common research methods used in the reviewed studies are identified, methodological concerns are discussed, and methodological and theoretical advances are suggested
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  • 11
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    Dordrecht : Springer | New York, NY [u.a.] : Springer
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    Language: English
    Series Statement: Handbooks of sociology and social research
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    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Soziologie ; Gefühl ; Emotionales Verhalten
    Note: [Vol. 1] ed. by Jan E. Stets
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  • 12
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781139198851
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 210 pages)
    Series Statement: Culture and psychology
    DDC: 155.8
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    Abstract: Human psychology is deeply rooted in the culture in which people live. Introduction to Computational Cultural Psychology introduces a revolutionary approach for studying cultural psychology. Drawing on novel computational tools and in-depth case studies, Professor Yair Neuman offers thought-provoking answers to questions such as: how are thought and language deeply related? How can computers help us to understand different cultures? How can computers assist military intelligence in identifying vengeful intentions? And how is our concept of 'love' rooted in our basic embodied experience? Written by a leading interdisciplinary researcher this book is a 'tour-de-force' which will be of interest to a variety of researchers, students and practitioners in psychology as well as an interdisciplinary audience with an interest in the intricate web weaved between the human psyche and its cultural context.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 13
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781139035385
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 330 pages)
    DDC: 302
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    Abstract: Drawing on compelling material from research interviews with former hostages and political prisoners, Guy Saunders reworks three classic thought experiment stories: Parfit's 'Teleporter', Nagel's 'What is it like to be a bat?' and Jackson's 'Mary the colour scientist' to form a fresh look at the study of consciousness. By examining consciousness from a social psychology perspective, Saunders develops a 'cubist psychology of consciousness' through which he challenges the accepted wisdom of mainstream approaches by arguing that people can act freely. What makes 'cubist psychology' is both the many examples taken from different viewpoints and the multiple ways of looking at the key issues of person, mind and world. This is a unique and engaging book that will appeal to students and academics in the field of consciousness studies and other readers with an interest in consciousness.
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  • 14
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781139028097
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 533 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge handbooks in psychology
    DDC: 306
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    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: The field of cultural-historical psychology originated in the work of Lev Vygotsky and the Vygotsky Circle in the Soviet Union more than eighty years ago, and has now established a powerful research tradition in Russia and the West. The Cambridge Handbook of Cultural-Historical Psychology is the first volume to systematically present cultural-historical psychology as an integrative/holistic developmental science of mind, brain, and culture. Its main focus is the inseparable unity of the historically evolving human mind, brain, and culture, and the ways to understand it. The contributors are major international experts in the field, and include authors of major works on Lev Vygotsky, direct collaborators and associates of Alexander Luria, and renowned neurologist Oliver Sacks. The handbook will be of interest to students and scholars in the fields of psychology, education, humanities and neuroscience.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 15
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781139136983
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 305
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    Keywords: Psychologie ; Sozialer Wandel ; Identität ; Electronic books
    Abstract: We live in an ever-changing social world, which constantly demands adjustment to our identities and actions. Advances in science, technology and medicine, political upheaval, and economic development are just some examples of social change that can impact upon how we live our lives, how we view ourselves and each other, and how we communicate. Three decades after its first appearance, identity process theory remains a vibrant and useful integrative framework in which identity, social action and social change can be collectively examined. This book presents some of the key developments in this area. In eighteen chapters by world-renowned social psychologists, the reader is introduced to the major social psychological debates about the construction and protection of identity in face of social change. Contributors address a wide range of contemporary topics - national identity, risk, prejudice, intractable conflict and ageing - which are examined from the perspective of identity process theory.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 16
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400744738
    ISSN: 1389-6903
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 406 p. 32 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Handbooks of Sociology and Social Research
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druck-Ausg. Franks, David D., 1931 - Handbook of neurosociology
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Neurology ; Psychology, clinical ; Social Sciences ; Social sciences ; Neurology ; Psychology, clinical ; Neurosciences ; Social aspects ; Neurowissenschaften ; Soziologie ; Neurobiologie ; Neurologie ; Soziologie
    Abstract: Until recently, a handbook on neurosociology would have been viewed with skepticism by sociologists, who have long been protective of their disciplinary domain against perceived encroachment by biology. But a number of developments in the last decade or so have made sociologists more receptive to biological factors in sociology and social psychology. Much of this has been encouraged by the coeditors of this volume, David Franks and Jonathan Turner. This new interest has been increased by the explosion of research in neuroscience on brain functioning and brain-environment interaction (via new MRI technologies), with implications for social and psychological functioning. This handbook emphasizes the integration of perspectives within sociology as well as between fields in social neuroscience. For example, Franks represents a social constructionist position following from G.H. Meads voluntaristic theory of the act while Turner is more social structural and positivistic. Furthermore, this handbook not only contains contributions from sociologists, but leading figures from the psychological perspective of social neuroscience.
    Description / Table of Contents: Handbook of Neurosociology; Preface; References; Contents; Contributors; Chapter 1: Introduction: Summaries and Comments; David Franks: A Short History; Brain Activity Measures and Limitations; Jonathan H. Turner: Coming on Board as an Editor; What Does Neurosociology Have to Offer?; References; Part I: Large Issues; Chapter 2: Neural Social Science; Reason Is Neural; Back to the Future; How Brain Circuits Become Meaningful; Reason and Social Science; Reason Itself: Enlightenment Fallacies; The Enlightenment Fallacies; The First Fallacy: Reason Is Conscious
    Description / Table of Contents: The Second Fallacy: One Can Reason Directly About the WorldThe Third Fallacy: Thought Is Disembodied; The Fourth Fallacy: Words Are Defined Directly in Terms of Features of the External World; The Fifth Fallacy: Reason Is Unemotional; The Sixth Fallacy: Reason Is Literal and Logical; The Seventh Fallacy: Categories Are Defined by Necessary and Sufficient Conditions; The Eighth Fallacy: Reason Exists Primarily to Serve Self-interest; The Ninth Fallacy: Conceptual Systems Are Monolithic; The Tenth Fallacy: Words Have Fixed Meanings, and Concepts Have Fixed Logics
    Description / Table of Contents: The Eleventh Fallacy: The Truth Will Set You Free If Enough People Know the Truth About Social Issues, They Will Change Their Attitudes, to Society's Bene fi t; Some Brain Basics; Color; Perception and Action; That's Why There Are Basic-Level Concepts; That's Why Verb Roots Are the Same for First- and Third-Person Experiences; Imagining and Doing Use the Same Brain Circuitry; Neural Computation and Simulation; The Centrality of Metaphor in Social Life; Neural Metaphor; The Narayanan-Johnson-Grady Neural Theory of Metaphor; How Are Neural Circuits Learned?
    Description / Table of Contents: The Feldman Functional Circuitry HypothesisPrimary Metaphors; Narayanan on Spike-Time-Dependent Plasticity; Neuromodulators and "Rewards"; Integrating Multiple Neural Systems; Embodiment Evidence in Social Psychology; Real Social and Political Life; The Conservative Advantage; What Can Progressives and Democrats Do?; Systems Thinking; The Point; CODA; Solving a Social Science Puzzle; References; Chapter 3: Why We Need Neurosociology as Well as Social Neuroscience: Or-Why Role-Taking and Theory of Mind Are Different Concepts; History of the Terms Neurosociology and Social Neuroscience
    Description / Table of Contents: Distinguishing Between the Two Fields Using Role-Taking and ToMSome Ways Role-Taking and Power Can be Explored Experimentally; What Social Neuroscience Can Offer Sociological Research on Role-Taking and Power; Empirically Testing the Role-Taking and Power Hypothesis; Conclusions; References; Chapter 4: Social Cognition and the Problem of Other Minds; Where in the World Are Minds?; The Psychology of Individual Minds; Social Psychology and Social Cognition; What Do Minds Learn to Mind?; Brains and Minds Grow Together; Socialized Brains Remain Social Minds; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 5: Genetic, Hormonal, and Neural Underpinnings of Human Aggressive Behavior
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9789400762084
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Disentangling migration and climate change
    DDC: 304.81
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    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Soziale Folgen ; Internationale Migration ; Menschenrechte ; Umweltschutz ; Welt ; Climatic changes ; Social aspects.. ; Emigration and immigration ; Social aspects.. ; Emigration and immigration ; Environmental aspects ; Electronic books ; Population geography ; Climatic changes ; Environmental aspects ; Human ecology ; Konferenzschrift ; Klimaänderung ; Internationale Migration ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: This book examines the inter-relationship between climate change and migration. It focuses on planned relocation as a policy response to environmentally induced forced migration and analyzes human rights to protect people threatened by environmental change.
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9789400717879
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 399 p. 50 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Yearbook of Nanotechnology in Society 3
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
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    Keywords: Science Philosophy ; Neurosciences ; Neurology ; Neurobiology ; Engineering ; Science Philosophy ; Neurowissenschaften
    Abstract: I. Introduction and key resources -- 1. Nanotechnology, the brain, and the future: Anticipatory governance via end-to-end real-time technology assessment Jason Scott Robert, Ira Bennett, and Clark A. Miller -- 2. The complex cognitive systems manifesto Richard P. W. Loosemore -- 3. Analysis of bibliometric data for research at the intersection of nanotechnology and neuroscience Christina Nulle, Clark A. Miller, Harmeet Singh, and Alan Porter -- 4. Public attitudes toward nanotechnology-enabled human enhancement in the United States Sean Hays, Michael Cobb, and Clark A. Miller -- 5. U.S. news coverage of neuroscience nanotechnology: How U.S. newspapers have covered neuroscience nanotechnology during the last decade Doo-Hun Choi, Anthony Dudo, and Dietram Scheufele -- 6. Nanoethics and the brain Valerye Milleson -- 7. Nanotechnology and religion: A dialogue Tobie Milford -- II. Brain repair -- 8. The age of neuroelectronics Adam Keiper -- 9. Cochlear implants and Deaf culture Derrick Anderson -- 10. Healing the blind: Attitudes of blind people toward technologies to cure blindness Arielle Silverman -- 11. Ethical, legal and social aspects of brain-implants using nano-scale materials and techniques Francois Berger et al. -- 12. Nanotechnology, the brain, and personal identity Stephanie Naufel -- III. Brain enhancement -- 13. Narratives of intelligence: the sociotechnical context of cognitive enhancement Sean Hays -- 14. Towards responsible use of cognitive-enhancing drugs by the healthy Henry T. Greeley et al. -- 15. The opposite of human enhancement: Nanotechnology and the blind chicken debate Paul B. Thompson -- 16. Anticipatory governance of human enhancement: The National Citizens’ Technology Forum Patrick Hamlett, Michael Cobb, and David Guston a. Arizona site report b. California site report c. Colorado site reportd. Georgia site report e. New Hampshire site report f. Wisconsin site report -- IV. Brain damage -- 17. A review of nanoparticle functionality and toxicity on the central nervous system Yang et al. -- 18. Recommendations for a municipal health and safety policy for nanomaterials: A Report to the City of Cambridge City Manager Sam Lipson -- 19. Museum of Science Nanotechnology Forum lets participants be the judge Mark Griffin -- 20. Nanotechnology policy and citizen engagement in Cambridge, Massachusetts: Local reflexive governance Shannon Conley.-
    Abstract: Our brain is the source of everything that makes us human: language, creativity, rationality, emotion, communication, culture, politics. The neurosciences have given us, in recent decades, fundamental new insights into how the brain works and what that means for how we see ourselves as individuals and as communities. Now - with the help of new advances in nanotechnology - brain science proposes to go further: to study its molecular foundations, to repair brain functions, to create mind-machine interfaces, and to enhance human mental capacities in radical ways. This book explores the convergence of these two revolutionary scientific fields and the implications of this convergence for the future of human societies. In the process, the book offers a significant new approach to technology assessment, one which operates in real-time, alongside the innovation process, to inform the ways in which new fields of science and technology emerge in, get shaped by, and help shape human societies
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  • 19
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400763685
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 639 p. 43 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Cross-Cultural Advancements in Positive Psychology 4
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Public health ; Quality of Life Research ; Quality of Life ; Applied psychology ; Psychology ; Philosophy (General) ; Public health ; Quality of Life ; Psychology ; Quality of Life Research ; Applied psychology ; Südafrika ; Positive Psychologie ; Wohlbefinden
    Abstract: Contributors -- Preface -- Chapter 1. Introduction; Marié P. Wissing -- Chapter 2. Toward Fortigenesis and Fortology: An Informed Essay; Deodandus J. W. Strumpfer -- Chapter 3. Positive Psychology and Education; Irma Eloff -- Chapter 4. Life Design: An Approach to Managing Diversity in South Africa; Jacobus G. Maree -- Chapter 5. Teacher Pathways to Resilience: Interpretations of Teacher Adjustment to HIV/AIDS-related Challenges; Linda Theron -- Chapter 6. Building generative theory from case work: The relationship-resourced resilience model; Liesel Ebersohn -- Chapter 7. From Happiness to Flourishing at Work: A Southern African Perspective; Sebastiaan Rothmann -- Chapter 8. Resilience and Thriving among Health Professionals; Henriëtte van den Berg -- Chapter 9. Measuring Happiness: Results of a Cross-National Study; Sebastiaan Rothmann -- Chapter 10. Further validation of the General Psychological Well-being Scale among a Setswana-speaking group; Itumeleng P. Khumalo, Q. Michael Temane and Marié P. Wissing -- Chapter 11. Feeling Good, Functioning Well and Being True: Reflections on Selected Findings from the FORT Research Programme; Marié P. Wissing and Michael Temane -- Chapter 12. Coping and Cultural Context: Implications for Psychological Health and Well-being; Marelize Willers, Johan C. Potgieter, Itumeleng P. Khumalo, Leoné Malan, Paul J. Mentz, and Suria Ellis -- Chapter 13. Aspects of Family Resilience in Various Groups of South African Families; Abraham P. Greeff -- Chapter 14. Psychological Well-being, Physical Health, and the Quality of Life of a Group of Farm Workers in South Africa: The FLAGH study; Sammy, M. Thekiso, Karel, F. H. Botha, Marié P. Wissing and Annamarie Kruger -- Chapter 15. The Pivotal Role of Social Support in the Well-being of Adolescents; Henriëtte S. Van den Berg, Ancel A. George, Edwin D. Du Plessis, Anja Botha, Natasha Basson, Marisa De Villiers and Solomon Makola -- Chapter 16. Older Adults’ Coping with Adversities in an African Context: A Spiritually Informed Relational Perspective; Vera Roos -- Chapter 17. Asset-based Coping as One Way of Dealing with Vulnerability; Ronél Ferreira -- Chapter 18.Relational Coping Strategies of Older Adults with Drought in a Rural African Context; Vera Roos, Shingairai Chigeza and Dewald van Niekerk -- Chapter 19. The Stories of Resilience in a Group of Professional Nurses in South Africa; Magdalene P Koen, Chrizanne van Eeden, Marié Wissing and Vicki Koen -- Chapter 20. Psychosocial Health: Disparities between Urban and Rural Communities; Marié P. Wissing, Q. Michael Temane, Itumeleng P. Khumalo, Annamarie Kruger and Hester H.Vorster -- Chapter 21. Multi-cultural differences in hope and goal-achievement; David J. F. Maree and Marinda Maree -- Chapter 22. The Role of Gender and Race in Sense of Coherence and Hope Orientation Results; Sanet van der Westhuizen (née Coetzee), Marié de Beer and Nomfusi Bekwa -- Chapter 23. Self-Regulation as Psychological Strength in South Africa: A Review; Karel Botha -- Chapter 24. Commitment as an identity-level regulatory process in academic and interpersonal contexts; Salomé Human-Vogel -- Chapter 25. Facilitating psychological well-being through hypnotherapeutic interventions; Tharina Guse and Gerda Fourie -- Chapter 26. Positive Psychology and Subclinical Eating Disorders; Doret Kirsten and Wynand F. Du Plessis -- Chapter 27. Evaluation of a Programme to Enhance Flourishing in Adolescents; Izanette Van Schalkwyk and Marié P. Wissing -- Chapter 28. Conclusions and Challenges for Further Research; Marié P. Wissing
    Abstract: This is the first book to bring together examples of research in positive psychology / psychofortology conducted in the multi-cultural South African context with its diverse populations and settings. The volume reflects basic as well as applied well-being research in the multicultural South African context, as conducted in various contexts and with a variety of methods and foci. Theoretical, review, and empirical research contributions are made, reflecting positivist to constructivist approaches, and include quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method approaches. Some findings support universality assumptions, but others uncovered unique cultural patterns. Chapters report on well-being research conducted in the domains of education, work, health, and family, and in clinical, urban vs. rural, and unicultural vs. multicultural contexts. Studies span the well-being of adolescents, adults, and older people, and topics include resilience in individuals, families, and groups, measurement issues and coping processes, the role of personal and contextual variables, and facets such as hope, spirituality, self-regulation, and interventions
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Contents; Contributors; Chapter 1: Introduction; References; Chapter 2: Towards Fortigenesis and Fortology: An Informed Essay; Central Constructs; Salutogenesis; Fortigenesis; Fortology; Continua; Positive Psychology; Antonovsky a Positive Psychologist?; Sense of Coherence and Generalized Resistance Resources; General Psychosocial Well-Being; Resiling; Self-efficacy; Genetics and Neuroscience; Culture; Independent and Dependent Construals; Social Support; Implications of Culture for Conceptualization; Implications of Culture for Positive Thinking; Systems Thinking; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 3: Positive Psychology and EducationPositive Psychology Within Education; The Potential of Teaching Positive Psychology; The Broaden-and-Build Theory; Strengths in Individuals and Systems; Assessing for Strengths; The Need to Understand Cultural Interpretations; Beyond the Reactionary Phase; Conclusion; References; Chapter 4: Life Design: An Approach to Managing Diversity in South Africa; Goals of the Chapter; Reason for Narrative Approaches; Impact of Global Changes in the Workplace on People's Lifestyles
    Description / Table of Contents: Overview of the Interplay Between the Waves in Psychology, the Economy, and Career Counselling Over the Past 120 YearsLink Between Helping Models in Career Counselling and Economic Waves (Molitor, 1999, 2000 ; Savickas, 2006a, 2006b, 2007b, 2007c); Factors Emphasized During Each of the Four Economic Waves and Concurrent Helping Models in Career Counselling (Savickas, 2006a, 2006b, 2007b); Epistemological Approaches That Have Underpinned the Practice of Career Counselling; The Traditional Approach to Career Counselling; A Qualitative (Narrative) Approach to Career Counselling
    Description / Table of Contents: Social ConstructionismSavickas' Theory of Career Construction Counselling for Life Designing; Savickas' Career Construction Theory; Life Design; Factors That Can Influence the Life Design Counselling Process; Career Adaptability; Practical Implications of the Movement Towards a Qualitative-Quantitative Approach to Career Counselling; General Orientation; Career Counselling Failing Non-European Clients; Imbalances in the South African Economy; The Need for a More Appropriate Theoretical and Practical Base for Career Counselling in South Africa
    Description / Table of Contents: Addressing the Psychosocial Needs of the South African PopulationFramework for Career Counselling in South Africa; A Word of Caution: State of the African Economy; Value of Life Design Counselling in South Africa; Conclusion; References; Chapter 5: Teacher Pathways to Resilience: Interpretations of Teacher Adjustment to HIV/AIDS-Related Challenges; Pathways to Resilience: A Conceptualization; Pathways to Teacher Resilience; Intrapersonal Pathways to Resilience; Interpersonal Pathways to Resilience; Existential Pathways to Resilience; Method; Research Design; Case One; Case Two; Case Three
    Description / Table of Contents: Data Generation and Analysis
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributors -- Preface -- Chapter 1. Introduction; Marié  P. Wissing -- Chapter 2. Toward Fortigenesis and Fortology: An Informed Essay; Deodandus J. W. Strumpfer -- Chapter 3. Positive Psychology and Education; Irma Eloff -- Chapter 4. Life Design: An Approach to Managing Diversity in South Africa; Jacobus G. Maree -- Chapter 5. Teacher Pathways to Resilience: Interpretations of Teacher Adjustment to HIV/AIDS-related Challenges; Linda Theron -- Chapter 6. Building generative theory from case work: The relationship-resourced resilience model; Liesel Ebersohn -- Chapter 7. From Happiness to Flourishing at Work: A Southern African Perspective; Sebastiaan Rothmann -- Chapter 8. Resilience and Thriving among Health Professionals; Henriëtte van den Berg -- Chapter 9. Measuring Happiness: Results of a Cross-National Study; Sebastiaan Rothmann -- Chapter 10. Further validation of the General Psychological Well-being Scale among a Setswana-speaking group; Itumeleng P. Khumalo, Q. Michael Temane and Marié P. Wissing -- Chapter 11. Feeling Good, Functioning Well and Being True: Reflections on Selected Findings from the FORT Research Programme; Marié P. Wissing and Michael Temane -- Chapter 12. Coping and Cultural Context: Implications for Psychological Health and Well-being; Marelize Willers, Johan C. Potgieter, Itumeleng P. Khumalo, Leoné Malan, Paul J. Mentz, and Suria Ellis -- Chapter 13. Aspects of Family Resilience in Various Groups of South African Families; Abraham P. Greeff -- Chapter 14. Psychological Well-being, Physical Health, and the Quality of Life of a Group of Farm Workers in South Africa: The FLAGH study; Sammy, M. Thekiso, Karel, F. H. Botha, Marié P. Wissing  and Annamarie Kruger -- Chapter 15. The Pivotal Role of Social Support in the Well-being of Adolescents; Henriëtte S. Van den Berg, Ancel  A. George, Edwin D. Du Plessis, Anja Botha, Natasha Basson,  Marisa De Villiers and Solomon Makola -- Chapter 16. Older Adults’ Coping with Adversities in an African Context: A Spiritually Informed Relational Perspective; Vera Roos -- Chapter 17. Asset-based Coping as One Way of Dealing with Vulnerability; Ronél Ferreira -- Chapter 18.Relational Coping Strategies of Older Adults with Drought in a Rural African Context; Vera Roos, Shingairai Chigeza and Dewald van Niekerk -- Chapter 19. The Stories of Resilience in a Group of Professional Nurses in South Africa; Magdalene P Koen, Chrizanne van Eeden, Marié Wissing and Vicki Koen -- Chapter 20. Psychosocial Health: Disparities between Urban and Rural Communities; Marié P. Wissing, Q. Michael Temane, Itumeleng P. Khumalo,  Annamarie Kruger and Hester H.Vorster -- Chapter 21. Multi-cultural differences in hope and goal-achievement; David J. F. Maree and Marinda Maree -- Chapter 22. The Role of Gender and Race in Sense of Coherence and Hope Orientation Results; Sanet van der Westhuizen (née Coetzee), Marié de Beer and Nomfusi Bekwa -- Chapter 23. Self-Regulation as Psychological Strength in South Africa: A Review; Karel Botha -- Chapter 24. Commitment as an identity-level regulatory process in academic and interpersonal contexts; Salomé Human-Vogel -- Chapter 25. Facilitating psychological well-being through hypnotherapeutic interventions; Tharina Guse and Gerda Fourie -- Chapter 26. Positive Psychology and Subclinical Eating Disorders; Doret Kirsten and Wynand F. Du Plessis -- Chapter 27. Evaluation of a Programme to Enhance Flourishing in Adolescents; Izanette Van Schalkwyk and Marié P. Wissing -- Chapter 28. Conclusions and Challenges for Further Research; Marié P. Wissing.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400750388
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 184 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Educational Research 6
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Educational research: the attraction of psychology
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    Keywords: Educational psychology ; Education ; Education ; Education Philosophy ; Educational psychology ; Psychologie ; Empirische Forschung
    Abstract: The closely argued and provocative contributions to this volume challenge psychology's hegemony as an interpretive paradigm in a range of social contexts such as education and child development. They start from the core observation that modern psychology has successfully penetrated numerous domains of society in its quest to develop a properly scientific methodology for analyzing the human mind and behaviour
    Abstract: The closely argued and provocative contributions to this volume challenge psychology’s hegemony as an interpretive paradigm in a range of social contexts such as education and child development. They start from the core observation that modern psychology has successfully penetrated numerous domains of society in its quest to develop a properly scientific methodology for analyzing the human mind and behaviour. For example, educational psychology continues to hold a central position in the curricula of trainee teachers in the US, while the language of developmental psychology holds primal sway over our understanding of childrearing and the parent-child relationship. Questioning the default position of modern psychology as a way of conceptualizing human relations, this collection of papers reexamines key assumptions that include psychology’s self-image as a ‘scientific’ discipline. Authors also argue that the dogma of neuropsychology in education has demoted concepts such as ‘emotion’, ‘feeling’ and ‘relationship’, so that they are now ’blind spots’ in educational theory. Other chapters offer a cautionary analysis of how misshapen notions of psychology can legitimize eugenics (as in Nazi Germany) and poison racial attitudes. Above all, has psychology, with its focus on individual merit, been complicit in hiding the impacts of power and privilege in education? This bracing new volume adopts a broader definition of education and childrearing that admits the essential contribution of the humanities to the proper study of mankind.This publication, as well as the ones that are mentioned in the preliminary pages of this work, were realized by the Research Community (FWO Vlaanderen / Research Foundation Flanders, Belgium) Philosophy and History of the Discipline of Education: Faces and Spaces of Educational Research.
    Description / Table of Contents: Educational Research:The Attraction of Psychology; Copyright Page; Earlier Volumes in this Series; Contents; Chapter 1: Making Sense of the Attraction of Psychology: On the Strengths and Weaknesses for Education and Educational Research; References; Chapter 2: Struggling with the Historical Attractiveness of Psychology for Educational Research Illustrated by the Case of Nazi Germany; 2.1 Far Too Easy Hypotheses?; 2.2 Far Too Easy Phrasing of the Questions?; 2.3 Far Too Super fi cial Conclusions?; 2.4 Far Too Broad Generalisations: The Case of Educational Psychology in Nazi Germany
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.4.1 The Discursive Surface Layer of National Socialism2.4.2 "Uniform Fascist Rule Dissolved into a Chaos of Rival Responsibilities?" (Geuter, 1992 , p. 18); 2.5 The Continuing Need for Biographical Research; 2.6 Some Concluding Remarks; Sources; References; Chapter 3: On the Fatal Attractiveness of Psychology: Racism of Intelligence in Education; 3.1 The Problem: Intelligence and Social Status; 3.2 Education in a Nation of Morons; 3.3 Intelligence Testing in the Court; 3.4 On the Neutrality of Academic Psychology; 3.5 The Pseudo Neutrality of Testing Situations
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.6 Towards the Racism of Intelligence3.7 Conclusion; References; Chapter 4: Psychology in Teacher Education: Ef fi cacy, Professionalization, Management, and Habit; 4.1 Ef fi cacy; 4.2 Professionalization; 4.2.1 Learning Sciences; 4.2.2 Political Trends; 4.3 Policy and Management; 4.4 Habit; 4.5 Wrapping Up: Implications for Research in Teacher Education; References; Chapter 5: The Fatal Attraction of the Language of Developmental Psychology in Child-Rearing; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 The Language of Developmental Psychology in Child-Rearing
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.3 The Language of Developmental Psychology in Relation to Child-Rearing and the Parent-Child Relationship: Normative Assumptions5.4 Parenting in an Age of Anxiety; 5.5 Conclusion; References; Chapter 6: Mirror Neuron, Mirror Neuron in the Brain, Who's the Cleverest in Your Reign? From the Attraction of Psychology to the Discovery of the Social; 6.1 Introduction; 6.1.1 How the Philosophy of Science Embraced the Social (and Also the Psychological); 6.1.2 How the Philosophy of Mathematics Is Reluctant to Embrace Anything; 6.1.3 Education: How to Vygotsky and Piaget?
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.2 The Special and Curious Case of Mathematics Education6.2.1 How Psychology Became Attractive for the Study of the Learning of Mathematics; 6.2.2 Beyond the Psychological; 6.3 Conclusion: Mirror Neurons at Last; References; Chapter 7: The Vocabulary of Acts: Neuroscience, Phenomenology, and the Mirror Neuron; 7.1 Rizzolatti and the Mirror Neuron; 7.2 Depsychologising Psychology: The Architecture of Research and Understanding; 7.3 Samuel Todes and the Umbilical Cord of Bodily Movement; 7.4 Objects and Things, Habitats, and Worlds; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 8: The Attraction of Neuropsychological Findings in Contemporary Educational Thinking, or Feeling, Emotion and Relationship as Blind Spots in Educational Theory
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Making sense of the attraction of psychology: On the strengths and weaknesses for education and educational research -- 2. Struggling with the historical attractiveness of psychology for educational research illustrated by the case of Nazi-Germany -- 3. On the fatal attractiveness of psychology: Racism of intelligence in education -- 4. Psychology in teacher education: Efficacy, professionalization, management, and habit -- 5. The fatal attraction of the language of developmental psychology in child rearing -- 6. Mirror neuron, mirror neuron in the brain, who’s the cleverest in your reign? From the attraction of psychology to the discovery of the social -- 7. The vocabulary of acts: Neuroscience, phenomenology, and the mirror-neuron -- 8. The attraction of neuropsychological findings in contemporary educational thinking, or: Feeling, emotion and relationship as blind spots in educational theory -- 9. In defence of the humanities against the exaggerated pretensions of ‘scientific’ psychology -- 10. The theology of education to come -- 11. Learning is not education -- 12. Attention, commitment and imagination in educational research. Open the universe a little more! -- About the Authors -- Author Index -- Subject index..
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400743458
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 338 p. 9 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 282
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. The mechanization of natural philosophy
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy ; Science ; Philosophy ; History ; 16th century ; Science ; Philosophy ; History ; 17th century ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Naturphilosophie ; Mechanismus ; Ideengeschichte 1550-1720
    Abstract: The Mechanisation of Natural Philosophy is devoted to various aspects of the transformation of natural philosophy during the 16th and 17th centuries that is usually described as mechanical philosophy .Drawing the border between the old Aristotelianism and the « new » mechanical philosophy faces historians with a delicate task, if not an impossible mission. There were many natural philosophers who actually crossed the border between the two worlds, and, inside each of these worlds, there was a vast spectrum of doctrines, arguments and intellectual practices. The expression mechanical philosophy is burdened with ambiguities. It may refer to at least three different enterprises: a description of nature in mathematical terms; the comparison of natural phenomena to existing or imaginary machines; the use in natural philosophy of mechanical analogies, i.e. analogies conceived in terms of matter and motion alone.However mechanical philosophy is defined, its ambition was greater than its real successes. There were few mathematisations of phenomena. The machines of mechanical philosophers were not only imaginary, but had little to do with the machines of mecanicians. In most of the natural sciences, analogies in terms of matter and motion alone failed to provide satisfactory accounts of phenomena.By the same authors: Mechanics and Natural Philosophy before the Scientific Revolution (Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 254).
    Description / Table of Contents: The Mechanization of Natural Philosophy; Preface; Contents; Contributors; Introduction; Part I: The Construction of Historical Categories; Chapter 1: Remarks on the Pre-history of the Mechanical Philosophy; 1.1 What Was the Mechanical Philosophy?; 1.2 The Mechanical Philosophy Before Boyle; 1.3 Bacon; 1.4 Galileo; 1.5 Mersenne; 1.6 Descartes/Gassendi/Hobbes: Mechanical Philosophers?; 1.7 Novatores, Latitudinarians, and the Construction of the Mechanical Philosophy; 1.8 A Broader Conception of Mechanism?; Chapter 2: How Bacon Became Baconian
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1 The Meaning of Mechanical Operation in Bacon's Oeuvre2.2 Mechanical and Vital Readings of Bacon's Natural Philosophy in Seventeenth-Century England; 2.3 Conclusion; Chapter 3: An Empire Divided: French Natural Philosophy (1670-1690); 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 A Debate on Natural Philosophy; 3.3 On the Side of the New Philosophers; 3.3.1 The Methodology of Ontology: Beings Should Not Be Multiplied Without Necessity; 3.3.2 The Way of Physics: Physics Should Explain Phenomena, Namely, Give Efficient Causes; 3.3.3 Ontological Categories: The Bipartition Between Body and Soul Should Be Respected
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.3.4 The Social Twist3.4 On the Side of the Old Philosophers; 3.4.1 The Methodology of Ontology: The Multiplication of Corpuscles and the Missing Metaphysical Supplement; 3.4.2 The Way of Physics: One Should Not Indulge in Hypotheses, Ignore Experiments and Use Empty Words; 3.4.3 The Ontological Categories and the Controversy Over Animal Souls; 3.4.4 Another Social Twist; 3.5 Conclusions; Part II: Matter, Motion, Physics and Mathematics; Chapter 4: Matter and Form in Sixteenth-Century Spain: Some Case Studies; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 The Corpuscular Theories of the Physician d'Olesa
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.2.1 Elements, Minima and Qualities4.2.2 The Problem of Mixture; 4.2.3 A Corpuscular Theory of Light and Vision; 4.3 The Absence of a Tradition; 4.3.1 The Hypothesis of Menéndez Pelayo; 4.3.2 The Salamacan Physician Gomez Pereira; 4.3.3 The Salamacan Physician Francisco Valles; 4.4 Conclusion; Chapter 5: The Composition of Space, Time and Matter According to Isaac Newton and John Keill; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 The Isomorphism of Space, Time and Matter in Early Modern Natural Philosophy; 5.3 The Evolution of Newton's Views on the Composition of Space, Time and Matter
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.4 The Isomorphism of Space, Time and Matter According to John Keill5.5 Conclusion; Chapter 6: Beeckman, Descartes and Physico-Mathematics; 6.1 Beeckman; 6.1.1 Persistence of Motion; 6.1.2 Persistence of the Form of a Motion; 6.1.3 Conservation in the Exchange of Motion; 6.1.4 Isoperimetric Figures; 6.2 Descartes; 6.2.1 Persistence of Motion; 6.2.2 Communication of Motion; 6.2.3 Persistence and Direction; 6.3 Physico-Mathematics; Chapter 7: Between Mathematics and Experimental Philosophy: Hydrostatics in Scotland About 1700; 7.1 Between Mathematics and Experimental Philosophy
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.2 The Mathematical Hydrostatics of Wallis, Gregorie, and Newton
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781139020008
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 234 pages)
    Series Statement: New departures in anthropology
    DDC: 153
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    Abstract: This provocative new study one of the world's most distinguished anthropologists proposes that an understanding of cognitive science enriches, rather than threatens, the work of social scientists. Maurice Bloch argues for a naturalist approach to social and cultural anthropology, introducing developments in cognitive sciences such as psychology and neurology and exploring the relevance of these developments for central anthropological concerns: the person or the self, cosmology, kinship, memory and globalisation. Opening with an exploration of the history of anthropology, Bloch shows why and how naturalist approaches were abandoned and argues that these once valid reasons are no longer relevant. Bloch then shows how such subjects as the self, memory and the conceptualisation of time benefit from being simultaneously approached with the tools of social and cognitive science. Anthropology and the Cognitive Challenge will stimulate fresh debate among scholars and students across a wide range of disciplines.
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781139016827
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvi, 723 pages)
    DDC: 305.231
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    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Families, communities and societies influence children's learning and development in many ways. This is the first handbook devoted to the understanding of the nature of environments in child development. Utilizing Urie Bronfenbrenner's idea of embedded environments, this volume looks at environments from the immediate environment of the family (including fathers, siblings, grandparents and day-care personnel) to the larger environment including schools, neighborhoods, geographic regions, countries and cultures. Understanding these embedded environments and the ways in which they interact is necessary to understand development.
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  • 24
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    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511779374
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 320 pages)
    Series Statement: Culture and psychology
    DDC: 306.01
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    Abstract: With the rapid growth of knowledge concerning ethnic and national group differences in human behaviors in the last two decades, researchers are increasingly curious as to why, how, and when such differences surface. The field is ready to leapfrog from a descriptive science of group differences to a science of cultural processes. The goal of this book is to lay the theoretical foundation for this exciting development by proposing an original process model of culture. This new perspective discusses and extends contemporary social psychological theories of social cognition and social motivation to explain why culture matters in human psychology. We view culture as a loose network of imperfectly shared knowledge representations for coordinating social transactions. As such, culture serves different adaptive functions important for individuals' goal pursuits. Furthermore, with the increasingly globalized and hyper-connected multicultural space, much can be revealed about how different cultural traditions come into contact.
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511499760
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxi, 455 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in social and emotional development
    DDC: 305.234
    RVK:
    Keywords: Entwicklung ; Längsschnittuntersuchung ; Kind ; Entwicklungspsychologie
    Abstract: During middle childhood, the period between ages 5 and 12, children gain the basic tools, skills and motivations to become productive members of their society. Failure to acquire these basic tools can lead to long-term consequences for children's future education, work and family life. In this book, first published in 2006, the editors assemble contributions from fifteen longitudinal studies representing diverse groups in the United States, Canada, New Zealand and the United Kingdom to learn what developmental patterns and experiences in middle childhood contexts forecast the directions children take when they reach adolescence and adulthood. The editors conclude that, although lasting individual differences are evident by the end of the preschool years, a child's developmental path in middle childhood contributes significantly to the adolescent and adult that he or she becomes. Families, peers and the broader social and economic environment all make a difference for young people's future education, work and relationships with others.
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  • 26
    Book
    Book
    Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0521888638 , 0521716888 , 9780521888639 , 9780521716888
    Language: English
    Pages: X, 266 S. , 26 cm
    Edition: 1. publ.
    DDC: 616.89/14
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    Keywords: Psychotherapy ; Psychoanalysis ; Psychoanalytic Theory Collected Works ; History, 20th Century Collected Works ; Psychiatry Collected Works history ; Psychotherapeutic Processes Collected Works ; Psychiatrie ; Psychische Störung ; Krankheitsbegriff ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; Geschichte 1900-2000 ; Psychische Störung ; Krankheitsbegriff ; Psychiatrie ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; Geschichte 1900-2000
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 230-254) and index , How to predict the past : from trauma to repression ; Neurotica : Freud and the seduction theory ; A black box named "Sybil" ; What made Albert run? ; The Bernheim effect ; Simulating the unconscious ; Is psychoanalysis a fairy-tale? ; Interprefactions : Freud's legendary science , Portrait of the psychoanalyst as a chameleon ; Science of madness, madness of science ; The great depression ; Psychotherapy today ; Therapy users and disease mongers.
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0511652011 , 0511809840 , 9780511652011 , 9780511809842
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (viii, 314 pages)
    Series Statement: Key topics in sociolinguistics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Edwards, John, 1947 December 12- Language and identity
    DDC: 306.44
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    Keywords: Sociolinguistics ; Group identity ; Language and languages Political aspects ; Identity politics ; Nationalism ; LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES ; Linguistics ; Sociolinguistics ; Group identity ; Identity politics ; Language and languages ; Political aspects ; Nationalism ; Sociolinguistics ; Identität ; Sprache ; Språksociologi ; Gruppidentitet ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "The language we use forms an important part of our sense of who we are - of our identity. This book outlines the relationship between our identity as members of groups - ethnic, national, religious and gender and the language varieties important to each group. What is a language? What is a dialect? Are there such things as language 'rights'? Must every national group have its own unique language? How have languages, large and small, been used to spread religious ideas? Why have particular religious and linguistic 'markers' been so central, singly or in combination, to the ways in which we think about ourselves and others? Using a rich variety of examples, the book highlights the linkages among languages, dialects and identities, with special attention given to religious, ethnic and national allegiances."--Jacket
    Abstract: Introduction -- 2. Identity, the individual and the group -- 3. Identifying ourselves -- 4. Language, dialect and identity -- 5. Dialect and identity: beyond standard and nonstandard -- 6. Language, religion and identity -- 7. Language, gender and identity -- 8. Ethnicity and nationalism -- 9. Assessments of nationalism -- -- 10. Language and nationalism -- 11. Language planning and language ecology.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 271-309) and index
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  • 28
    ISBN: 1402049447
    Language: English
    Pages: XVI, 813 S. , graph. Darst.
    DDC: 378.125
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    Keywords: Enseignement efficace ; Enseignement supérieur - Recherche ; Enseignement universitaire ; College teaching ; Education, Higher Research ; Effective teaching ; Hochschulbildung ; College ; Collegeunterricht ; Hochschulbildung ; College ; Collegeunterricht
    URL: Cover
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511541360
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (vii, 176 pages)
    Series Statement: Darwin College lectures 18
    DDC: 303.601
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    Keywords: Konflikt ; Interpersonaler Konflikt ; Konfliktforschung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Conflict, sadly, is part of our everyday life; experienced at home, in the workplace, on our TV screens. But is it an inevitable part of the fabric of our existence? In this volume, eight experts examine conflict at many levels, from the workings of genes to the evolution of galaxies. Evolutionary biologist David Haig examines why we disagree with ourselves, and psychologist Simon Baron-Cohen asks whether differences between the average male and female mind must necessarily lead to misunderstanding. Anthropologist Richard Wrangham explores why chimpanzees and humans have evolved to kill, while archaeologist Barry Cunliffe examines the roots of warfare. Political scientist Lisa Anderson analyses conflict in the Middle East, and broadcaster Kate Adie reflects on television reporting of war. The book concludes with industrial economist William Brown's discussion of conflict in labour relations, and an exploration of the creative and destructive effects of cosmic violence by physicist P. C. W. Davies.
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0521547857 , 0521839149 , 9780511334672 , 9781281040329 , 9780521547857 , 9780521839143
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xiv, 379 p) , 24 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2009 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Parallel Title: Print version Peace Psychology : A Comprehensive Introduction
    DDC: 303.66
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    Keywords: Peace Psychological aspects ; Peace ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The first comprehensive introduction to the rapidly growing research area of peace psychology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cover; Half-title; Title; Copyright; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgements; The scope, structure and content of this book; Contents; Search strategy; Part I Introduction; 1 Trends in peace psychology; Research growth; Peace psychology taxonomy; Christie, Wagner and Winter's 2 X 2 classification; Some general considerations; Conflict resolution; Panoply of contributions; An interdisciplinary cautionary note; Cognition and government; Violence, nonviolence and problem-solving; Behavioural science contributions; Additional studies; Summary and conclusion; Part II Interdisciplinary practice
    Description / Table of Contents: 2 Government policy and international relationsEthnopolitical conflict; Social psychology and personality; 'Core' topics; Power and motives; Additional research; Deterrence and arms control; Arms control; Democracy, alliances and aftermath of the Cold War; Alliances; American-Soviet relationships, the Cold War and its aftermath; International organizations; Summary and conclusion; 3 Education; Pre-secondary level; Secondary school level and undifferentiated; Post-secondary and general; Summary and conclusion; Websites and indexes of peace education curricula; 4 The feminist approach
    Description / Table of Contents: Understanding the feminist approach to peace psychologyPsychological theories applied to the feminist perspective of conflict and peace; Testing women's attitudes to peace and war; Women and violence; Effects of conflict on women; Girl soldiers; Additional studies; Summary and conclusion; 5 Philosophy, ethics and religion; Quasi-philosophical considerations; Ethics; Theology; Summary and conclusion; Part III Primary psychological topics; 6 Developmental issues: children and adolescents; Young people's attitudes and understandings of war and conflict; Attitudes to nuclear war
    Description / Table of Contents: Children and adolescents as peacemakersChild soldiers; The impact of violent conflict on psychological development; General; Buried trauma and secondary traumatization; Refugee children; The Balkans; The Middle East; Northern Ireland; Rwanda; South Africa; South America; United States; Additional studies; Summary and conclusion; 7 Theory and practice related to primary psychological topics: attitudes, psychodynamics, cognition and images, and aggression; Attitudes; General; Personality traits; Nuclear war; War with conventional weapons; Genocide; Psychodynamics
    Description / Table of Contents: Causes of conflict - are we capable of peaceful behaviour?Intergenerational transmission of trauma; Nuclear annihilation; Ameliorating violence; Additional studies; Cognition and images: war effects, cooperation and the future; Perception; Cognitive complexity; Prospect theory; Additional studies; Aggression; What is aggression, in terms of political violence?; Defending the role and extent of aggression in conflict; Aggression and conflict; Human needs theory; Additional studies; Summary and conclusion; 8 Language and communication; International relations and government
    Description / Table of Contents: Governmental and other intergroup communication
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 246-344) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511606632
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxii, 891 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge handbooks in psychology
    DDC: 302/.1
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    Keywords: Zwischenmenschliche Beziehung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: The Cambridge Handbook of Personal Relationships serves as a benchmark of the current state of scholarship in this dynamic field synthesizing the extant theoretical and empirical literature, tracing its historical roots, and making recommendations for future directions. The volume addresses a broad range of established and emerging topics including: theoretical and methodological issues that influence the study of personal relationships; research and theory on relationship development, the nature and functions of personal relationships across the lifespan; individual differences and their influences on relationships; relationship processes such as cognition, emotion, and communication; relational qualities such as satisfaction and commitment; environmental influences on personal relationships; and maintenance and repair of relationships. The authors are experts from a variety of disciplines including several subfields of psychology, communication, family studies and sociology who have made major contributions to the understanding of relationships.
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511818240
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 526 pages)
    DDC: 153.3/5
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    Keywords: Kreativität
    Abstract: What constitutes a creative person? Is it someone who can perform many tasks innovatively? Is it someone who exhibits creative genius in one area? Is it someone who utilizes her creativity for good and moral causes? Is it someone who uses his creativity to help his company or country succeed? Different cultures have different perspectives on what it means to be creative, yet it is nearly always the American or Western perspective that is represented in the psychological literature. The goal of The International Handbook of Creativity is to present a truly international and diverse set of perspectives on the psychology of human creativity. Distinguished scholars from around the world have written chapters for this book about the history and current state of creativity research and theory in their respective parts of the world. The 2006 book presents a wide array of international perspectives and research.
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781316036532
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 286 pages)
    DDC: 305.231
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    Abstract: The neo-Vygotskian approach to child development is introduced to English-speaking readers. Russian followers of Vygotsky have elaborated his ideas into a theory that integrates cognitive, motivational, and social aspects of child development with an emphasis on the role of children's activity as mediated by adults in their development. This theory has become the basis for an innovative analysis of periods in child development and of the mechanism of children's transitions from one period to the next. In this book, the discussion of the neo-Vygotskians' approach to child development is supported by a review of their empirical data, much of which has never before been available to English-speaking readers. The discussion is also supported by a review of recent empirical findings of Western researchers, which are highly consistent with the neo-Vygotskian analysis of child development.
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0521651174
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xiv, 670 p) , ill , 29 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2011 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Parallel Title: Print version The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Child Development
    DDC: 305.231/03
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    Keywords: Child development Encyclopedias ; Electronic books ; Encyclopedia
    Abstract: An authoritative, accessible and up-to-date account of all aspects of child development. Written by an international team of leading experts everything from neonatal development to education, neuroscience, theories and research methods, physical development, social development, cognitive development, psychopathology and parenting are covered. Essential reading for everyone interested in children
    Description / Table of Contents: COVER; HALF-TITLE; TITLE; COPYRIGHT; CONTENTS; CONTRIBUTORS; EDITORIAL PREFACE; FOREWORD; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: EXTERNAL REVIEWERS; INTRODUCTION: What is development and interdisciplinarity?; PART I Theories of development; PART II Methods in child development research; PART III Prenatal development and the newborn; PART IV Domains of development: from infancy to childhood; PART V Selected topics; PART VI Developmental pathology; PART VII Crossing the borders; Appendices; BIBLIOGRAPHY; AUTHOR INDEX; SUBJECT INDEX
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 610-627) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0521841003 , 0521600847
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xi, 234 p) , 24 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2009 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Parallel Title: Print version Social Solidarity and the Gift
    DDC: 394
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    Keywords: Solidarity ; Gifts ; Generosity
    Abstract: This book brings together two traditions of thinking about social ties: sociological theory on solidarity and anthropological theory on gift exchange. The main argument, supported by empirical illustrations, is that a theory of solidarity should incorporate some of the core insights from anthropological gift theory
    Description / Table of Contents: Cover; Half-title; Title; Copyright; Contents; Preface; Introduction; PART I The Gift; PART II Solidarity and Selectivity; PART III Contemporary Solidarity; References; Index
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 213-224) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511550461
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 448 pages)
    DDC: 302/.12
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    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: The management of and communication about risks has become a major question of public policy and intellectual debate in the modern world. The social amplification of risk framework describes how both social and individual factors act to amplify or dampen perceptions of risk and through this create secondary effects such as stigmatisation of technologies, economic losses or regulatory impacts. This volume, edited by three of the world's leading analysts of risk and its communication, brings together contributions from a group of international experts working in the field of risk perception and risk communication. Key conceptual issues are discussed as well as a range of recent case studies (spanning BSE and food safety, AIDS/HIV, nuclear power, child protection, Y2K, electromagnetic fields, and waste incineration) that take forward the state-of-the-art in risk amplification theory. The volume also draws attention to lessons for public policy, risk management and risk communication practice.
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511613913
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 280 pages)
    DDC: 305.235
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    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Electronic books ; Electronic books Electronic books ; Electronic books. ; Electronic books ; Electronic books Electronic books ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: The path adolescents take from childhood to adulthood is a product of social, economic, political, and technological forces. These forces may facilitate youth's preparation to become healthy adults, or they may leave youth unprepared for adulthood. Knowledgeable projections are vital in shaping the agenda for research; for alerting educators, policy makers, and practitioners to new issues; and for formulating thoughtful responses to emerging dilemmas. This book focuses upon the future of adolescence in postindustrial societies. The authors identify some ominous societal changes that will affect youth: unstable job markets, competition for public resources due to an aging population, and widening income gaps between 'information workers' and low-skill workers. But they also observe opportunities created by information technology, innovations in health service delivery and criminal-justice rehabilitation, and the resourcefulness of a new generation. This volume examines these and other macro-structural changes that will impact adolescents' lives and their futures as adults.
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0511073992 , 9780511178177 , 9780521791205 , 0521791200 , 0511489854 , 9780511489853 , 9780511073991 , 0511073895 , 9780511073892 , 0511073720 , 9780511073724 , 0511178174
    Language: English
    Pages: xxi, 419 p , ill , 24 cm
    Edition: Boulder, Colo NetLibrary 2004 Online-Ressource E-Books von NetLibrary
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in cognitive and perceptual development
    Series Statement: EBSCOhost eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in cognitive and perceptual development
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Between culture and biology
    DDC: 155
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    Keywords: Enfants Psychologie ; Psychologie du développement ; Enfants Développement ; Child psychology ; Developmental psychology ; Child development ; Child Development. ; Child Development ; Child Psychology ; Ethnopsychology ; Psychology, Social ; Psychology, Child ; Electronic books ; PSYCHOLOGY ; Developmental ; Lifespan Development ; FAMILY & RELATIONSHIPS ; Life Stages ; General ; PSYCHOLOGY ; Developmental ; General ; Child development ; Child psychology ; Developmental psychology ; Entwicklung ; Entwicklungspsychologie ; Ontwikkelingspsychologie ; Ontwikkelingsbiologie ; Ontogenese ; Kind ; Kultur ; Kulturvergleich ; Ontogenie ; Erziehung ; Wittenberg 〈1998〉 ; Natural history ; Electronic book ; Electronic books. ; Electronic books ; Konferenzschrift ; Electronic book ; Electronic books. ; Electronic books ; Konferenzschrift ; Electronic book ; Electronic books. ; Electronic books ; Konferenzschrift ; Electronic books. ; Konferenzschrift ; Ontogenie ; Kultur ; Kind ; Erziehung ; Kulturvergleich ; Ontogenie ; Kultur ; Kind ; Erziehung ; Kulturvergleich
    Abstract: Setting the scene -- Culture, biology and development across history / Gustav Jahoda -- Comparative developmental perspectives on culture: the great apes / Anne E. Russon -- The mutual definition of culture and biology in development / Patricia M. Greenfield -- Perspectives on Development Informed by Culture -- Indian parents' ethnotheories as reflections of the Hindu scheme of child and human development / T.S. Saraswathi and Hema Ganapathy -- Indigenous conceptions of childhood development and social realities in southern Africa / Roderick Fulata Zimba -- The myth of lurking chaos / Ernst E. Boesch -- Integrating cultural psychological and biological perspectives in understanding child development / Joan G. Miller -- Perspectives on development drawing from the universal and the specific -- Between individuals and culture: Individuals' evaluations of exclusion from social groups / Melanie Killen, Heidi McGlothlin and Jennie Lee-Kim -- Biology, culture and child rearing: the development of social motives / Hans-Joachim Kornadt -- Perspectives on Development Informed by Evolutionary Thinking -- Development as the interface between biology and culture: a conceptualization of early ontogenetic experiences / Heidi Keller -- Integrating evolution, culture and developmental psychology: explaining caregiver-infant proximity and responsiveness in central Africa and the USA / Barry S. Hewlett and Michael E. Lamb -- Shame across cultures: the evolution, ontogeny, and function of a 'moral emotion' / Michael J. Casimir and Michael Schnegg -- Metaperspectives -- Culture and development / Michael Cole -- Behaviour-culture relationships and ontogenetic development / Ype H. Poortinga and Karel Soudijn -- Paradigms revisited: from incommensurability to respected complementarity / Lutz H. Eckensberger -- Epilogue: conceptions of ontogenetic development: integrating and demarcating perspectives / Heidi Keller, Ype H. Poortinga and Axel Schölmerich
    Abstract: Between Culture and Biology brings together biological, psychological and cultural perspectives on development. It argues that the biological bases of behaviour and cultural context should be approached in an integrated fashion to properly understand ontogenetic development and that both the cultural and biological demain provide constraints and opportunities for development
    Description / Table of Contents: Culture, biology and development across history / Gustav Jahoda -- Comparative developmental perspectives on culture: the great apes / Anne E. Russon -- The mutual definition of culture and biology in development / Patricia M. Greenfield -- Perspectives on Development Informed by Culture -- Indian parents' ethnotheories as reflections of the Hindu scheme of child and human development / T.S. Saraswathi and Hema Ganapathy -- Indigenous conceptions of childhood development and social realities in Southern Africa / Roderick Fulata Zimba -- The myth of lurking chaos / Ernst E. Boesch -- Integrating cultural psychological and biological perspectives in understanding child development / Joan G. Miller -- Perspectives on development drawing from the universal and the specific -- Between individuals and culture: Individuals' evaluations of exclusion from social groups / Melanie Killen, Heidi McGlothlin and Jennie Lee-Kim -- Biology, culture and child rearing: the development of social motives / Hans-Joachim Kornadt -- Perspectives on Development Informed by Evolutionary Thinking -- Development as the interface between biology and culture: a conceptualisation of early ontogenetic experiences / Heidi Keller -- Integrating evolution, culture and developmental psychology: explaining caregiver-infant proximity and responsiveness in Central Africa and the United States of America / Barry S. Hewlett and Michael E. Lamb -- Shame across cultures: the evolution, ontogeny, and function of a 'moral emotion' / Michael J. Casimir and Michael Schnegg -- Metaperspectives -- Culture and development / Michael Cole -- Behaviour-culture relationships and ontogenetic development / Ype H. Poortinga and Karel Soudijn -- Paradigms revisited: from incommensurability to respected complementarity / Lutz H. Eckensberger -- Conceptions of ontogenetic development: integrating and demarcating perspectives / Heidi Keller, Ype H. Poortinga and Axel Schölmerich
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes , Electronic reproduction, Boulder, Colo : NetLibrary, 2004
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511586545
    Language: English , English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 552 pages)
    DDC: 305.26/0943
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    Keywords: Alter ; Projekt ; Berlin
    Abstract: The present and future of our society are shaped by an ever-increasing proportion of old and very old people. The Berlin Aging Study is one of the largest interdisciplinary efforts to explore old age and aging. Unique aspects of the Berlin Aging Study are the spectrum of scientific disciplines involved, the range of discipline-specific and interdisciplinary research topics, the focus on very old age (70 to over 100 years), and the empirical reference to a representative heterogenous urban population. The study's first cross-sectional findings on intellectual abilities, self and personality, social relationships, physical health, functional capacity, medical treatment, mental disorders such as depression and dementia, socioeconomic conditions, activities, everyday competence, subjective well-being, and gender differences are reported in depth in this book. The study was carried out in the context of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences study group on 'Aging and Social Development'. The authors primarily conduct their research at the Berlin Max Planck Institute for Human Development, the Free University of Berlin, and the Humboldt University, Berlin.
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781316257012
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 295 pages)
    Series Statement: Studies in emotion and social interaction. Second series
    DDC: 302.2
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    Keywords: Gefühl ; Interpersonale Kommunikation ; Gefühlsausdruck
    Abstract: The modern world is forcing us to understand emotion in order to cope with new problems such as road rage and epidemic levels of depression, as well as age-old problems such as homicide, genocide and racial tension. At the same time, scholarly research is leading us to appreciate how emotion helps us to understand and transcend our selfish interests, to connect with others, to feel what is just and moral, and not just think it, and to construct societies and cultures that govern our joint efforts. This book draws upon scholarly research to address, explain and legitimize the role that emotion plays in everyday interaction and in many of the pressing social, moral, and cultural issues that we face today.
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  • 41
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    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781139175043
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 403 pages)
    DDC: 305
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    Abstract: This volume focuses on two questions: why do people from one social group oppress and discriminate against people from other groups? and why is this oppression so mind numbingly difficult to eliminate? The answers to these questions are framed using the conceptual framework of social dominance theory. Social dominance theory argues that the major forms of intergroup conflict, such as racism, classism and patriarchy, are all basically derived from the basic human predisposition to form and maintain hierarchical and group-based systems of social organization. In essence, social dominance theory presumes that, beneath major and sometimes profound difference between different human societies, there is also a basic grammar of social power shared by all societies in common. We use social dominance theory in an attempt to identify the elements of this grammar and to understand how these elements interact and reinforce each other to produce and maintain group-based social hierarchy.
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  • 42
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    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511527814
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xviii, 473 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in social and emotional development
    DDC: 306.81
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    Keywords: Ehekonflikt ; Längsschnittuntersuchung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: How do marriages become unhappy? How do marriages change? What are the theories and methods that can best illuminate our understanding of marital development? This 1998 volume comprehensively explores how marriages develop and deteriorate, and in doing so, brings together leading scholars to present research on the longitudinal course of marriage. The chapters share a common focus on the early phases of marriage but address a diverse array of topics, including marital conflict, personality, social support, the transition to parenthood, violence, ethnicity, stress, alcohol use, commitment and sexuality. Implications of this research for alleviating marital distress are also noted. The book concludes with six provocative analyses by prominent scholars in the areas of sociology, clinical psychology, social psychology and developmental psychology.
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  • 43
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    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511549496
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 249 pages)
    Series Statement: Studies in emotion and social interaction. Second series
    DDC: 302
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    Keywords: Gefühl ; Soziale Bindung
    Abstract: In his important book, first published in 1997, Thomas Scheff offers an approach to researching human behavior which relates the smallest parts of social interaction to the greatest wholes of social structure. These are the details and connections usually found only in the finest novels, but Scheff combines the insights of the humanities and social sciences to capture the same evocative details of sight, sound, and context, better to understand what he calls 'human reality'. He puts a fresh emphasis on the importance of emotions in the social bond, and describes in newly subtle ways the outer and inner lives of persons in real life, such as inner-city children, and in fiction, such as Jane Austen's heroines. By closely observing the significance of words and gestures in the context in which they occur, he is able to illuminate the connection between people's lives and the society in which they live.
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  • 44
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    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511586552
    Language: English , English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (viii, 347 pages)
    DDC: 302
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    Abstract: Over the last decade there has been a growing interest in interpersonal relationships in the scientific community as well as in the general public. Until now, no volume has covered comprehensively different types of interpersonal relationships, such as the relationships between friends, lovers, colleagues or parents and children. Ann Elisabeth Auhagen and Maria von Salisch have addressed this gap in the literature with this volume, first published in German and later revised for an American audience. The Diversity of Human Relationships draws together findings from social, developmental and organisational psychology, sociology, biology, and the research on personal relationships. It reviews the multiplicity of research approaches and results on interpersonal relationships and how they change over the life span. It also elaborates the characteristics of the different types of relationships.
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  • 45
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511896828
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 410 pages)
    Series Statement: Learning in doing : social, cognitive and computational perspectives
    DDC: 302
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    Keywords: Kultur ; Sozialpsychologie ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: These essays by leading theorists and researchers in sociocultural, cognitive, developmental and educational psychology honour the memory of Sylvia Scribner, whose work is recognized by each of the authors as seminal to their own thinking. The themes include the relationship between history and culture, the importance of context to thinking, the place of literacy in human activity and thought, and cognition in school and in the workplace. The volume presents applications of activity theory to fundamental issues in human behaviour at work, in school, and in problem solving situations, and it analyses historical-societal processes in science and culture. Scribner's conviction that science holds a responsibility to human welfare and understanding is carried on in these chapters. Sociocultural Psychology is crucial reading for researchers and graduate students in sociocultural, cognitive, developmental and educational psychology.
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  • 46
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    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511720321
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xx, 346 pages)
    DDC: 305.23/1/096762
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    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Child Care and Culture examines parenthood, infancy, and early childhood in an African community, revealing patterns unanticipated by current theories of child development and raising provocative questions about 'normal' child care in the human species. Comparing the Gusii people of Kenya, whose practices were intensively observed from the combined perspectives of social anthropology, pediatrics, and developmental psychology, with the American white middle class, the authors show how divergent cultural priorities create differing conditions for early childhood development.
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  • 47
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    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511552069
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 348 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge series on judgment and decision making
    DDC: 303.3/72
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    Keywords: Psychologie ; Gerechtigkeit ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Justice, equity, and fairness are central concerns of everyday life, whether we are assessing the fairness of individual acts, social programmes, or institutional policies. This book explores how the distribution of costs and benefits determine our intuition about fairness and why individual behaviour sometimes deviates from normative theories of justice. To make any comparison, one must first state how fair distributions of resources or burdens should be made. Here, competing theories, such as utilitarianism and economic efficiency, are discussed. The chapters cover many topics including an investigation of various rules and heuristics that people use to make fair distributions; the motivation for people to conform to rules of fairness even when they conflict with self-interest; differences between the views of liberals and conservatives; societal rules for the distribution or allocation of critical or scarce resources; and implications for public policy. This mixture of theoretical and applied perspectives provides a balanced look at the psychology of justice.
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  • 48
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511628214
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (viii, 244 pages)
    Series Statement: European monographs in social psychology
    DDC: 302/.14
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    Abstract: Humans may run faster, read less or type more quickly, simply because someone else is present. The presence of one person affects the behaviour of another: this is known as social facilitation and is one of the oldest topics in social psychology. Despite its importance this was the first book-length study of the phenomenon when it was published in 1993. Dr Guerin reviewed all work in the area from 1898 onwards, looking at both animal and human research, and developed his own theory, based on modern behaviour analysis. The book will be appreciated for its wide-ranging and balanced review of previous work on social facilitation and for the general review of the state of social psychology during the 1990s that Dr Guerin's work on the phenomenon includes. The author's theoretical stance is innovative and important, and will make the work required reading.
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  • 49
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781139166515
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 238 pages)
    Series Statement: Publications of the Society for Psychological Anthropology 1
    DDC: 306
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    Keywords: Konferenzschrift ; Konferenzschrift
    Abstract: A full understanding of human action requires an understanding of what motivates people to do what they do. For too many years studies of motivation and of culture have drawn from different theoretical paradigms. Typically, human motivation has been modelled on animal behaviour, while culture has been described as pure knowledge or symbol. The result has been insufficient appreciation of the role of culture in human motivation and a truncated view of culture as disembodied knowledge. In this volume, anthropologists have attempted a different approach, seeking to integrate knowledge, desire, and action in a single explanatory framework. This research builds upon recent work in cognitive anthropology on cultural models, that is, shared cognitive schemas through which human realities are constructed and interpreted, while also drawing upon insights from developmental psychology, psychoanalytic theory, and social theory. Most of the research described here was conducted in the United States and deals with some of the pressing concerns - romance, marriage, parenthood, and success - of women and men from different class and ethnic backgrounds. A study of gender roles in Mexico provides comparative cross-cultural data. Several of the chapters deal with oppressive social ideologies, exploring cultural models of gender and class. The careful, in-depth case studies and innovative methods of discourse analysis used here turn up findings about the relation of ideology to people's thought and action that challenge any kind of simple social determinism.
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  • 50
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511527722
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 337 pages:)
    DDC: 302.5
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    Keywords: Sozialpsychologie ; Interaktion ; Konferenzschrift ; Konferenzschrift
    Abstract: Sociologists generally study macrolevel institutions and social processes with little reference to the individual. Psychologists, on the other hand, tend to study individual-level processes with little reference to society. This volume, featuring contributions from influential scholars in US social psychology, brings the link between the individual and society into focus. The chapters in the volume are distinguished by their concentration on either cognitive, affective or behavioural processes. These analyses eschew the traditional psychological approach to individual-level processes and instead offer intriguing accounts of how thought, emotion and action are embedded in social context and are central to the dynamic between self and society. Together, the 14 chapters present a synthesis of theory and research that are a major force in stimulating and influencing investigations of the link between the individual and the larger society.
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  • 51
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511527715
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 332 pages)
    Series Statement: Studies in emotion and social interaction. Second series
    DDC: 155.8/09598
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    Keywords: Syair Perang Siak ; Kulturvergleich ; Ethnopsychologie ; Gefühl ; Indonesien
    Abstract: In this book, Karl G. Heider studies the cultural constructions of emotions, examining how different cultures shape ideas and talk about emotion. The main subjects of the study are the Minangkabau, a matrilineal Muslim culture of three million people in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Comparative data come from the Central Javanese, also of Indonesia and reference is made to studies of American emotions. The Minangkabau have two different 'cultures of emotion', used depending on whether they are speaking their own regional language or the national language. And the Central Javanese have yet another culture of emotion when they are speaking the 'same' national language. Landscapes of Emotion will appeal to a range of readers in anthropology, psychology, sociology and Asian studies who want to understand how different cultures shape emotion.
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  • 52
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511527647
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 312 pages)
    DDC: 305.23/5
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    Keywords: Längsschnittuntersuchung ; Abweichendes Verhalten ; Jugend ; Jugendpsychologie ; USA
    Abstract: Beyond Adolescence traces the lives of adolescents and youth from the late 1960s into the late seventies and early eighties. It is unusual because of the period of time in which the study took place, as well as because of the portion of the lifespan it covers - early adulthood. Concerned with understanding the role of problem behaviour in young adulthood and the factors that influence it, the study also traces outcomes on young adulthood of earlier involvements in problem behaviour, with an emphasis on personality and social environment. The research extends and tests the theoretical framework that guided the study - Problem Behaviour Theory - and shows its usefulness for understanding young adult problem behaviour and development.
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  • 53
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511565533
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xviii, 290 pages)
    DDC: 304.5
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    Abstract: This innovative book challenges the perceived view, based largely on long observation of artificially-fed chimpanzees in Gombe and Mahale National Parks, Tanzania, of the typical social behaviour of chimpanzees as aggressive, dominance seeking, and fiercely territorial. In polar opposition, all reports from naturalistic (non-feeding) field studies are of non-aggressive chimpanzees living peacefully in non-hierarchical groups, on home ranges open to all. These reports have been ignored and downgraded by most of the scientific community. By utilising the data from these studies the author is able to construct a model of an egalitarian form of social organisation, based on a fluid role relationship of mutual dependence between many charismatic chimpanzees of both sexes and other more dependent members. This highly and necessarily positive mutual dependence system is characteristic of both (undisturbed) chimpanzees and (undisturbed) humans who live by the 'immediate-return' foraging system.
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  • 54
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511529696
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 275 pages)
    DDC: 302/.01/8
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    Keywords: Konferenzschrift ; Konferenzschrift
    Abstract: In the observational study of social systems, the major conceptual innovation of the last century was General Systems Theory. Yet the General Systems Theory conceptions of interacting social systems were doomed to remain at the prescientific level of metaphor until a set of statistical techniques were developed and applied. These techniques have come to be known as sequential analysis. Sequential analysis has as its first objective the detection of recurring sequential patterns in a stream of coding categories describing social interaction. These techniques can be employed to study the repertoires of individuals.
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  • 55
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781139173728
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 625 pages)
    DDC: 155.8
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    Keywords: Kongress ; Kulturpsychologie
    Abstract: This book raises the idea of a distinct discipline of cultural psychology, the study of the ways that psyche and culture, subject and object, and person and world make up each other. Cultural Psychology is a collection of essays from leading scholars in anthropology, psychology, and linguistics who examine these relationships with special reference to core areas of human development: cognition, learning, self, personality dynamics, and gender. The chapters critically examine such questions as: Is there an intrinsic psychic unity to humankind? Can cultural traditions transform the human psyche, resulting less in psychic unity than in ethnic divergences in mind, self, and emotion? Are psychological processes local or specific to the sociocultural environments in which they are embedded? The volume is an outgrowth of the internationally known Chicago Symposia on Culture and Human Development. It will appeal to an interdisciplinary audience of anthropologists, psychologists, linguists, historians, philosophers and hermeneutists interested in the prospects for a distinct discipline of cultural psychology.
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  • 56
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511663956
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 167 pages)
    DDC: 306.4/4
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    Keywords: Kind ; Entwicklung ; Kommunikative Kompetenz ; Sozialisation ; Konversation ; Psycholinguistik
    Abstract: This book provides insight into the development of the child's ability to become a competent participant in conversation. It follows efforts to apply the insights of pragmatic philosophers of language to the psychology of language development, and holds that the meaning of a communication is embedded in social life. Language use and social function are thus closely intertwined. The author combines a pragmatic analysis of the functions language can perform with an innovative empirical investigation of the development of young children's language use and sociocognitive skills. She gives a detailed description of the development of children's language between the ages of three and a half and seven, broadens the scope of theorizing about language development by placing it in relation to the development of social understanding speech problems and designing ways to solve them. As a result, a strong link between language, sociocognitive development and social development is discovered. It will be welcomed by child language specialists, developmental and social psychologists, conversation and discourse analysts, and their advanced students.
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  • 57
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511663949
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 259 pages)
    Series Statement: Human development in cultural and historical contexts
    DDC: 303.3/2
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    Keywords: Psychosoziale Entwicklung ; Persönlichkeitsentwicklung ; Kinderpsychologie ; Entwicklungspsychologie ; Milieu ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Social changes, including women's entry into the labour force and higher rates of divorce and remarriage, dramatically altered family life and raised complex questions about how individuals develop in the ever changing contexts of family, community and society. The goal of this 1989 volume is to enhance our understanding of human development in an evolving social context. Featuring contributions by eminent scholars in developmental, clinical and personality psychology, behavioural genetics and sociology, Persons in Context: Developmental Processes presents advances in theory and research on two central topics: how environments influence individuals in the course of development and how individuals select and shape the very environments that influence their development. The volume assembles a theoretically convergent body of research on how individuals and environments are linked in the course of development, including studies of genetics - environment relations, social interns, social interchanges in family systems, and linkages between the family and other major settings, such as peer groups, communities, and the larger social structure.
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  • 58
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511571237
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxviii, 351 pages)
    Series Statement: Environment and behavior series
    DDC: 304.2
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    Keywords: Territorialverhalten ; Umweltpsychologie ; Mensch ; Kleingruppe ; Individuum ; Einführung ; Einführung
    Abstract: 'Territorial functioning' refers to an interlocked system of sentiments, cognitions, and behaviors that are highly place-specific, and socially and culturally determined and maintaining. In this book, Ralph Taylor explores the consequences of human territorial functioning for individuals, small groups, and the ecological systems in which they operate. His exploration is illuminated by his evolutionary perspective, and grounded in empirical studies by social scientists and in theoretical work on the evolution of social and spatial behaviors. He systematically reviews the related research and theory, and indicates the importance of territorial functioning to current social and environmental problems. Contrary to popular wisdom, he argues that territorial functioning is relevant only to limited locations, such as street blocks, and not to neighborhoods or nation states, and that it reduces conflicts and helps maintain settings and groups. His theoretically focused examination of all that has been discovered about human territorial functioning will interest a wide variety of environmental psychologists and designers, urban sociologists, social psychologists, planners, and ethologists, and their students.
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  • 59
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511558290
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 400 pages)
    DDC: 302
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    Keywords: Kognition ; Soziale Wahrnehmung ; Sozialpsychologie ; Theorie ; Einführung ; Einführung
    Abstract: Written principally for students at the intermediate level, this text provides a broad critical review of the various empirical and theoretical traditions from which contemporary social psychology derives and, as the subtitle implies, offers balanced (though necessarily selective) insights into the perspectives that different researchers have adopted. It derives from J. Richard Eiser's previous textbook, Cognitive social psychology, which has been thoroughly revised and reorganized, incorporating fresh material that reflects the changes that have been taking place in the field since the beginning of the decade. The approach is broadly cognitive, though by no means narrowly so, the three main parts - 'Attitudes', 'Judgement and Interference' and 'Identity and Interaction' - indicating the principal emphases. Although it is North American research that has made the greatest contribution to our understanding of social behaviour, significant European work is not neglected in Richard Eiser's exposition. It is this awareness of the dynamism of the field and of the cross-fertilization taking place between different disciplines that gives this text its distinctive flavour and attraction for students and professionals alike.
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  • 60
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511598418
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 438 pages)
    DDC: 302.5
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    Abstract: The relation between individual and collective processes is central to the social sciences, yet difficult to conceptualize because of the necessity of crossing disciplinary boundaries. The result is that researchers in different disciplines construct their own implicit, and often unsatisfactory, models of either individual or collective phenomena, which in turn influence their theoretical and empirical work. In this 1985 book, Drew Westen attempts to cross these boundaries, proposing an interdisciplinary approach to personality, to culture, and to the relation between the two. Throughout the book, Westen provides reviews of a variety of fields, including personality theory, moral development, ego development, and culture theory. His book will appeal to students and scholars in all the social sciences, as well as to any reader concerned with understanding the relation between individuals and the world in which they live.
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  • 61
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511558283
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 453 Seiten)
    DDC: 302
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    Keywords: Soziale Situation ; Sozialpsychologie
    Abstract: This book not only documents the authors' own studies of real life social situations, but also provides an extensive review of other literature in this field. Michael Argyle and his colleagues are particularly concerned with the practical applications of situational analysis - to social skills training, mental health and deviance, intergroup behaviour, personnel selection and consumer research. In addition, by concentrating on situational variables, the volume makes an important contribution to the study of personality, since personality-situational interaction is at least as important in determining behaviour as are general personality traits. During recent years there has been extensive criticism of the conduct of research in social psychology. Social Situations points the way forward to a resolution of the crisis in the discipline. It marks an important advance in our understanding of social behaviour which will interest social and clinical psychologists and sociologists.
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis Seite 401-440 , Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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