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  • HU-Berlin Edoc  (240)
  • BSZ  (1)
  • English  (240)
  • Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin  (240)
  • Sozialwissenschaften  (240)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  36,2, Seiten 1-32
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (32 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Pietermaritzburg : Association for the Study of Religion
    Angaben zur Quelle: 36,2, Seiten 1-32
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Iraq ; internally displaced people ; Christians ; humanitarian aid ; ethno-religious identity ; conflict ; Ninewa Plain ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: The emergence of the terrorist group, Daesh in 2014 and the international military campaign against it caused both a humanitarian crisis and mass displacement in Iraq. About 5.8 million people became internally displaced, and as of 2021, 1.2 million of them still remain in displacement. This article engages with the question of what motivates people to return from displacement to their area of origin. It investigates the role that religion played in the decision of internally displaced Christians to return to Baghdeda in the Ninewa Plain, Iraq's largest Christian town. Based on qualitative interviews, the article examines the factors influencing people's decisions to return. We find that religion contributes to an array of pull factors positively influencing the decision to return, within the nexus of other considerations such as security, reconstruction, and economic opportunities. Religion was found to contribute to the return decision through the respondents' Christian identity, the encouragement to return by religious leaders, and the reconstruction efforts led by the churches. However, while these factors contributed to motivating people to return, these alone are not sufficient to motivate Christians to stay in Baghdeda in the long-term if other important conditions like the security situation and economic opportunities are not in place.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 2
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 Seiten)
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Well-being ; Refugee ; Turkey ; Health ; Earthquake ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Key points: (1) Social and economic disadvantages and poor living conditions of Syrians in Turkey prior to the earthquakes made them particularly vulnerable to the destructive force of the earthquakes. (2) Syrians have less social, financial and material resources to cope with the earthquake-related losses and damages, amplifying inequalities and vulnerabilities. (3) Rather than receiving the social and economic support that could help compensate for existing inequalities, some Syrians report experiences of discrimination and serious problems because of inadequate aid.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 3
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Basel : MDPI
    Angaben zur Quelle: 16,7
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: pro-environmental behavior (PEB) ; intentions ; socioeconomic status (SES) ; vegetarianism ; population-based sampling ; gender ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Pro-environmental behaviors (PEBs) such as climate-friendly mobility and eating habits hold great promise in terms of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and, thus, are important goals for addressing climate change from a population perspective. Yet, sociodemographic correlates and differences in PEB intentions have to be considered in designing messages and behavior change interventions. This study implemented a quota-sampling survey (N = 979, 511 women, 468 men, age M = 50.4, SD = 17.2) of the German population and found that, overall, participants exhibit strong intentions to engage in various PEBs, with the exception of cycling and adopting a vegetarian diet. Moreover, women displayed higher intentions to engage in PEBs compared to men, particularly in adopting a vegetarian diet. The relationships between socioeconomic status (SES) and PEB intentions, as well as the combined effects of gender and SES, were inconsistent for different PEB intentions. We conclude that on a population level, intention-building interventions are necessary for vegetarianism and cycling, while for the other PEBs, interventions may focus on closing the intention–behavior gap. There is a need to further research the interplay of different PEBs in diverse groups and for interventional studies targeting the discrepancy in eating habits across genders.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 4
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
    Angaben zur Quelle: 5
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: refugees ; forced migration ; selection ; migration processes ; mobility ; individual-level data ; fatality data ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Introduction: An ample scholarly literature on voluntary migration has shown that migration is a highly selective process, resulting in migrant populations that often differ significantly from their respective population of origin in terms of their socio-demographic characteristics. The literature attributes these differences to either migrants' active choice and agency in the migration decision (i.e., self-selection), or to selectively applied external constraints. Although the socio-demographic make-up of forced migrant populations has received significant attention in public discourses in receiving countries such as Germany and Turkey, the literature on migrant selection largely focuses on voluntary migration and self-selection mechanisms. As a result, the selection mechanisms of forcibly displaced persons are less well-understood. Particularly in the context of forced migration, the conditions for migration fluctuate heavily within a relatively short time span, e.g., regarding immigration policies and border controls. In this study we contribute to that literature by exploring the changing conditions under which Syrians sought international humanitarian protection between 2013 and 2017 and linking them to the selection outcomes in three major receiving countries: Lebanon, Turkey, and Germany. Methods: Based on novel household survey data, we compare age, gender, socio-economic background, and family context of the Syrian populations in Lebanon, Turkey, and Germany by arrival cohort (2013–2017). In a narrative approach, we combine the cohort analysis of Syrians in Lebanon, Turkey, and Germany with contextual analyses of the (changing) frameworks governing refugee migration in transit and destination countries and descriptive analyses of changing risk levels along migration routes into Europe. Results: Our analyses reveal that higher external barriers coincide with a stronger selection in migrants' socio-demographic make-up. In particular, riskier routes and higher entry barriers are associated with a lower share of female migrants, a lower share traveling with family members, and a higher socio-economic background. Discussion: In this study, we describe differences in forced migrants' selection outcomes in countries of first refuge neighboring the origin country, relative to a reception country in the global north. By establishing legal and political frameworks as well as the accessibility of routes as external barriers to forced migration we expand on the existing theoretical approaches to selection effects and identify a need for policy intervention to ensure equitable access to humanitarian protection.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 5
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (23 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Basel : MDPI
    Angaben zur Quelle: 14,3
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: cosmopolitanization ; indeterminacy ; post-foundationalism ; social configuration ; Iranian youth ; Iranian everyday life ; IRI’s politics of identity ; the politics of hybridity ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: An emerging disparity within contemporary social science highlights a disconnection between the world in the process of metamorphosing and cosmopolitanization and the knowledge of the social world that is still trapped in the cognitive assumptions of modern episteme, which provided the conditions for the emergence of modern social sciences a century ago. This divide inhibits the efficacy of social analysis in comprehending and elucidating contemporary phenomena. This article advocates for a shift in the ontology of social theory and science towards the cosmopolitanization of the world, characterized by the prioritization of indeterminacy and fluidity in the construction of social phenomena. It investigates the epistemological implications and prerequisites of this ontological transformation, favoring a post-foundationalist approach as the most suitable epistemological framework. In response to the challenges posed by the uncertainty and indeterminacy of cosmopolitanization, after reviewing some of the existing theoretical efforts to address and provide alternatives to this challenge, the article proposes the examination of social configurations as the most fitting subjects for study. This approach necessitates the suspension of conventional, given, regulated categories, and trans-historical theories. It underscores the importance of recognizing configurations as incomplete, contingent units shaped within specific historical contexts and moments. The fluidity, relationality, and indeterminacy of configurations situated between the universal and the singular make them suitable for analysis at the level of particular. After elaborating on the most important features of social configurations, finally, by employing the proposed theoretical framework, this article aims to investigate its effectiveness in analyzing the process of identity construction among Iranian youth in Tehran in the context of the cosmopolitanization of reality, particularly in the face of the Islamist regime of Iran’s official politics of identity. Through a review and revision of selected empirical studies on youth identity construction in the consumer spaces of Tehran, based on the idea of social configurations within the framework of cosmopolitanization, it is argued that the genuine understanding of identity politics in contemporary Iran is not rooted in conventional analytical norms and categories but rather in a comprehensible conceptual apparatus characterized by fluidity and indeterminacy, capable of effectively making sense of the conflict between the politics of determinacy and indeterminacy in Iranian everyday life.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  47,1, Seiten 20-34
    ISSN: 0343-4109 , 0343-4109
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Berlin : De Gruyter
    Angaben zur Quelle: 47,1, Seiten 20-34
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Rezension ; Optimierung ; Selbst ; Individualismus ; Subjektivierung ; Körper ; Lebensführung ; Vergesellschaftung ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Loreen Dalski / Kirsten Flöter / Lisa Keil / Kathrin Lohse / Lucas Sand / Annabelle Schülein (Hrsg.), Optimierung des Selbst: Konzepte, Darstellungen und Praktiken. Bielefeld: transcript 2022, 222 S., kt., 45,00 € Marcel Eulenbach (Hrsg.), Selbstoptimierung – Theoretische und empirische Erkundungen. Weinheim, Basel: Beltz Juventa 2022, 189 S., kt., 29,95 € Nadine Glade / Christiane Schnell (Hrsg.), Perfekte Körper, perfektes Leben? Selbstoptimierung aus der Perspektive von Geschlecht und Behinderung. Bielefeld: transcript 2022, 218 S., kt., 29,50 € Vera King / Benigna Gerisch / Hartmut Rosa (Hrsg.), Lost in Perfection: Zur Optimierung von Gesellschaft und Psyche. Berlin: Suhrkamp 2021, 338 S., kt., 25,00 €
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 7
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (36 Seiten)
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Bericht ; Science Studies ; Scientists survey ; Berlin research area ; Berlin University Alliance ; Berlin Science Survey ; Open Science ; Open Access ; Open data ; data sharing ; code sharing ; material sharing ; open peer review ; citizen science ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This report presents in detail the results of the first pilot study of the Berlin Science Survey (BSS) on the topic of open science. The term open science covers various scientific practices that aim to improve the accessibility, traceability and reusability of scientific results. The BSS specifically addressed open access publications, data sharing, code and material sharing, open peer review, and citizen science. In addition to the prevalence of the individual open science practices, attitudes and assessments of the scientists were also surveyed, providing information on the extent to which the science policy goal of expanding open science is shared among scientists.
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  44,4, Seiten 486-507
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (22 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Boca Raton, FL [u.a.] : Taylor & Francis
    Angaben zur Quelle: 44,4, Seiten 486-507
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Muslim women ; anti-Muslim racism ; Islamism ; boundaries ; Germany ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This article explores how Muslim women’s activism unfolds in the context of anti-Muslim racism and Islamism in contemporary Germany. In particular, it identifies both gendered forms of anti-Muslim racism and Islamism encountered by Muslim women’s organizations and ways they respond to it. Drawing on theories of intersectionality and boundary making, this study identifies the most common strategies used to confront anti-Muslim racism and Islamism and their implications for intersectional boundary making. For this purpose, six expert interviews with representatives of major Muslim women’s organizations were conducted and supplemented by data from internet research and participatory observation. Based on a Grounded Theory-inspired approach, the findings show that the responses of Muslim women’s organizations to anti-Muslim racism and Islamism reconfigure group boundaries. They create more inclusive spaces in which boundary formations by religion, race, and ethnicity and gender are transcended.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 9
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 Seiten)
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: refugees ; immigrants ; gender gap ; labor market integration ; Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: In the last years, the labor market integration of immigrant women has received much attention in the migration literature. We examine gender differences in labor market integration among refugees and other new immigrants who came to Germany during a similar period from a dynamic perspective. Using two panel data sources, which include recently arrived refugees (the IAB-BAMF-SOEP Sample of Refugees) and other immigrants (the IAB-SOEP Migration Sample) in Germany, we compare the dynamics and sources of employment gender gap among refugees and other immigrants. The results uncover narrow initial gender differences among refugees that grow over time and a reversed pattern among other immigrants. However, female refugees’ initial disadvantaged starting position maintains five years after arrival. Furthermore, our findings indicate that the explanations offered in the literature cannot fully explain the hurdles female refugees and other immigrants face when entering the labor market.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  47,4, Seiten 299-314
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V
    Angaben zur Quelle: 47,4, Seiten 299-314
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: At the heart of capitalism is a contradiction between capital’s need for value-producing labor, including the commodification of care work and care products, and capitalists’ pursuit of profit at all costs, including the value of wages and the life and wellbeing of workers. The family is entangled in this contradiction insofar as its members, and particularly its female members, are encouraged to care for their children and for their dependent parents without (adequate) compensation out of love or duty, at the same time as they are immersed in and held up to standards of autonomy and self-care. In this article, I unpack this entanglement with respect to men and women’s care for their children and for their dependent parents in Germany. I argue that family members live out a structural contradiction in the reproduction of capitalism as a personal and family conflict and assume its fallouts as their personal failures. This makes the family relationships that center on care singularly excessive and family members prone to questioning their commitment, sensibility, and competence as mothers and fathers and as daughters and sons.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  42,3, Seiten 395-420
    ISSN: 1868-1034 , 1868-1034
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (26 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publishing
    Angaben zur Quelle: 42,3, Seiten 395-420
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Civil society ; autocratic regime ; autocratisation ; shrinking space ; Cambodia ; Southeast Asia ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Scholarship on autocratisation has investigated the strategies of cooptation and repression that autocratic and autocratising regimes employ to maintain and enhance their power. However, it has barely explored how civil society reacts to these strategies. Concurrently, the existing research on civil society and social movements mostly suggests that civil society organisations (CSOs) will either resist autocratic repression or disband because of it, thereby often neglecting the possibility of CSOs’ adaptation to autocratic constraints. In this article, I seek to bridge these theoretical gaps with empirical evidence from Cambodia. I argue that for CSOs that operate in autocratic and autocratising regimes allowing themselves to become coopted by the regime can constitute a deliberate strategy to avoid repression, secure their survival, and exert social and political influence. However, while this strategy often seems to be effective in allowing CSOs to survive and escape large-scale repression, its success in enabling civil society to exert social and political influence remains limited, owing to structural limitations embedded in the autocratic context. Moreover, CSOs’ acceptance of cooptation often enhances divisions within civil society.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  30,3, Seiten 317-337
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (21 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Basingstoke : Palgrave Macmillian
    Angaben zur Quelle: 30,3, Seiten 317-337
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Modernity ; Stratemeyer Syndicate ; Young adult mystery novels ; Selfhelp ; Subjectification ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This essay connects the mass-produced books of the Stratemeyer Syndicate, The Nancy Drew Mystery Stories since 1930 and the Hardy Boys Adventures since 1927, with the discourses of self-help and self-improvement and argues that the effects these books have on their young readers instigate the formation of a very specific (white, middle class) subjectivity. This modern mode of relating to oneself includes an adjustable, self-assertive, self-monitoring personality, which can be understood as an answer to the challenges of the Second Industrialization and the contingencies connected to the acceleration, fragmentation, de-familiarizations, and individualization of modernity. At the same time, the essay argues, the novels also include a very specific position in terms of gender, race, and class, which, in spite of the figure of Nancy Drew, remains fundamentally linked to the values of patriarchy, the middle class and whiteness.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  11,2, Seiten 255-275
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (21 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Cham : Springer Internat. Publ.
    Angaben zur Quelle: 11,2, Seiten 255-275
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Auctions ; Tacit collusion ; Espionage ; Second-mover advantage ; Signaling ; Incomplete information ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: We analyze Stackelberg leadership in a first-price auction. Leadership is induced by an information system, represented by a spy, that leaks one bidder’s bid before others choose their bids. However, the leader may secretly revise his bid with some probability; therefore, the leaked bid is only an imperfect signal. Whereas leadership with perfect commitment exclusively benefits the follower, imperfect commitment yields a collusive outcome, even if the likelihood that the leader may revise his bid is arbitrarily small. This collusive impact shows up in all equilibria and is strongest in the unique pooling equilibrium which is also payoff dominant.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  21,4, Seiten 835-866
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (32 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Philadelphia : Springer US
    Angaben zur Quelle: 21,4, Seiten 835-866
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Augmented wealth ; Net worth ; Pension wealth ; Inequality ; Household income and labour dynamics in Australia survey ; D31 ; H55 ; J32 ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Wirtschaft
    Abstract: The omission of pension wealth potentially distorts the international comparison of wealth distributions. Private pension wealth is often included in households’ wealth portfolios, while public pension claims are not. Augmented wealth, the sum of net worth and pension wealth, resolves this limitation by including the present value of social security pension wealth. This article provides a detailed analysis of augmented wealth in Australia between 2002 and 2018, capturing the establishment of the compulsory private pension scheme, Superannuation, which was introduced in 1992. Augmented wealth is slightly less equally distributed in Australia than in Germany or Switzerland but more equal than in the United States. The article also explores the relationship between Superannuation dissaving rates and the means-tested public pension scheme, Age Pension, and its distributional implications.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (61 Seiten)
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: international migration ; welfare spending ; network approaches ; Exponential Random Graph Models (ERGM) ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: The so-called ‘Welfare Magnet Hypothesis‘ (WMH) suggests that the generosity of welfare institutions in destination countries acts as a pull factor for migration. However, evidence for this claim is mixed. Existing research focuses on the conditions in destination countries, but less on explanatory factors in origin countries. Specifically, migration is analyzed mainly from the perspective of OECD countries as potential destinations, rather than from a global perspective, and research often ignores that migration flows are not mutually independent, which can lead to an overestimation of the effects of welfare spending. We explicitly address these shortcomings by using Exponential Random Graph Models (ERGMs) to model migration flows between 160 countries worldwide and treating indicators of welfare spending in origin and destination countries as main explanatory variables of interest. Our first main result is that welfare attraction effects almost completely vanish when we control for a broad range of explanatory variables suggested by the gravity model (GDP, population size, geographic distance, democracy levels, and common languages). Secondly, migration preferences of low- and high-income groups do not mediate any attraction effects of social spending, as predicted by the WMH. Thirdly, flows between countries with more similar spending levels are more likely than flows between very low and very high spending countries, supporting a status maintenance motive among migrants. In conclusion, we find insufficient evidence to maintain the idea that welfare spending has a meaningful impact on migration flows.
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  • 16
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (114 Seiten)
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Racism ; Antisemitism ; Diversity ; Immigration ; Racialization ; Stigma ; Discrimination ; Belonging ; Soziologie und Anthropologie ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: The research papers in this book are united around one core question: How do People Respond to Racism and Antisemitism in Germany? This question in itself is rather controversial in Germany, as "racism” is still a debated concept for many Germans. Some Germans commonly may say Anti-Black Racism in the US, the concept seems to be non-existent in the German context. Some others may say that “racism” was a concept of the WWII, and contemporary forms of racism are not immediately equal to “racism.” Another commonly recognized idea is that antisemitism, hatred toward Jews, is a specific phenomena on its own, and cannot be discussed in relation to racism (see also Yurdakul 2006). Yet, one must recognize that, like every context, German society has its own socio-historically developed cultural repertoires about racism (Bonilla-Silva, 1997; Lamont et al, 2016) and about antisemitism (Arnold, 2018). These cultural repertoires are not interpreted homogeneously among all the members of German society. The research articles in this book investigate how immigrants and minorities in Germany are affected by processes of racialization, racism, and antisemitism in Germany and how they respond to them.
    Abstract: Not Reviewed
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  23,2, Seiten 309-311
    ISSN: 1468-795X , 1468-795X
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: 23,2, Seiten 309-311
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Rezension ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This publication is with permission of the rights owner (Sage) freely accessible.
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1750-6980 , 1750-6980
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: 16,5, Seiten 1173-1188
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Armenian Genocide ; gender ; generations ; postmemory ; transmission of memory ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: In this paper, we discuss what role gender plays in remembering, transmitting, and reframing memories of the Armenian Genocide in order to address the question of how young Armenian women negotiate their roles in this process. Centering the societal roles of memory transmission, we employ the specific sociological lens of gender to analyze 26 interviews conducted in Beirut during the week of the official commemorations of the Armenian Genocide in 2016. We define gender as the social construction of a stylized repetition of acts that reflect power relations. Accordingly, the examination of these power relations is necessary not only to understand the experiences and testimonies of men and women, but also the transmission of memory. While understanding Armenian youth as agents of the collective memory, gender allows us to discuss different patterns of remembrance and transmission. We therefore argue that gender influences how individuals remember the Armenian Genocide, as it underpins the (historically) assigned roles of memory and transmission.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 19
    ISBN: 978-3-95796-217-1
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (207 Seiten)
    Additional Information: Lüneburg : meson press 978-3-95796-217-1
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Frictions is a collective invitation to embrace the space of difference that both connects and separates techno-scientific discourses from their actual implementations—or even, from their non-implementations. Through a series of case studies focused on cybernetics, systems research, and some of their more contemporary inheritors, this book argues that such a middle space, the topology of frictions, offers significant insights to assess the historical and epistemological relevance of these interconnected fields. Characterized here as cybernetic thinking, this broad area of theoretical and applied projects would conceal, precisely within its frictions, the operational principles of our present.
    Note: The publication of this work was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 20
    ISSN: 0894-4393 , 0894-4393
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (22 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks, Calif. [u.a.] : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: 41,1, Seiten 141-162
    DDC: 004
    Keywords: mouse movements ; paradata ; web surveys ; difficulty ; personalization ; supervised learning models ; classification ; Informatik ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Survey research aims to collect robust and reliable data from respondents. However, despite researchers’ efforts in designing questionnaires, survey instruments may be imperfect, and question structure not as clear as could be, thus creating a burden for respondents. If it were possible to detect such problems, this knowledge could be used to predict problems in a questionnaire during pretesting, inform real-time interventions through responsive questionnaire design, or to indicate and correct measurement error after the fact. Previous research has used paradata, specifically response times, to detect difficulties and help improve user experience and data quality. Today, richer data sources are available, for example, movements respondents make with their mouse, as an additional detailed indicator for the respondent–survey interaction. This article uses machine learning techniques to explore the predictive value of mouse-tracking data regarding a question’s difficulty. We use data from a survey on respondents’ employment history and demographic information, in which we experimentally manipulate the difficulty of several questions. Using measures derived from mouse movements, we predict whether respondents have answered the easy or difficult version of a question, using and comparing several state-of-the-art supervised learning methods. We have also developed a personalization method that adjusts for respondents’ baseline mouse behavior and evaluate its performance. For all three manipulated survey questions, we find that including the full set of mouse movement measures and accounting for individual differences in these measures improve prediction performance over response-time-only models.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 21
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Basel : MDPI
    Angaben zur Quelle: 12,2
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: media ; critical discourse analysis ; corpus linguistics ; racism ; crime ; immigrants ; Germany ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: In the last decade’s media discourse, particular Arab immigrant groups received the name ‘Arab clans’ and have been portrayed as criminal kinship networks irrespective of actual involvement in crime. We question how ‘Arab clans’ are categorized, criminalized, and racialized in the German media. To answer this question, we collected clan-related mainstream media articles published between 2010 and 2020. Our first-step quantitative topic modeling of ‘clan’ coverage (n = 23,893) shows that the discourse about ‘Arab clans’ is situated as the most racialized and criminalized vis-à-vis other ‘clan’ discourses and is channeled through three macro topics: law and order, family and kinship, and criminal groupness. Second, to explore the deeper meaning of the discourse about ‘Arab clans’ by juxtaposing corpus linguistics and novel narrative approaches to the discourse-historical approach, we qualitatively analyzed 97 text passages extracted with the keywords in context search (KWIC). Our analysis reveals three prevalent argumentative strategies (Arab clan immigration out of control, Arab clans as enclaves, policing Arab clans) embedded in a media narrative of ethnonational rebirth: a story of Germany’s present-day need (‘moral panic’) to police and repel the threats associated with ‘the Arab clan Other’ in order for a celebratory return to a nostalgically idealized pre-Arab-immigration social/moral order.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: The article processing charge was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) – 491192747 and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  23,3, Seiten 315-317
    ISSN: 1468-795X , 1468-795X
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: 23,3, Seiten 315-317
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Alienation ; democracy ; labor ; political theory ; work ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: In his 2021 Walter Benjamin Lectures, Axel Honneth questioned the displacement of work from the center of contemporary political theories. This special issue collects an interview with Axel Honneth on central theses of his lectures and a number of commentaries that discuss issues like Honneth’s extended definition of work, his inclusion of long neglected care activities in the definition of work, the requirements for non-detrimental, meaningful work, Honneth’s criticism of contemporary trends in the division of labor, as well as his rejection of traditional critiques of working relations and conditions such as above all the critique of alienation. The special issue closes with a rejoinder by Axel Honneth.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  17
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (11 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Lausanne : Frontiers Research Foundation
    Angaben zur Quelle: 17
    DDC: 004
    Keywords: artificial intelligence ; human-robot interaction ; feminist technoscience ; enactivism ; sociocultural practices ; Informatik ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Introduction: This paper presents Enactive Artificial Intelligence (eAI) as a gender-inclusive approach to AI, emphasizing the need to address social marginalization resulting from unrepresentative AI design. Methods: The study employs a multidisciplinary framework to explore the intersectionality of gender and technoscience, focusing on the subversion of gender norms within Robot-Human Interaction in AI. Results: The results reveal the development of four ethical vectors, namely explainability, fairness, transparency, and auditability, as essential components for adopting an inclusive stance and promoting gender-inclusive AI. Discussion: By considering these vectors, we can ensure that AI aligns with societal values, promotes equity and justice, and facilitates the creation of a more just and equitable society.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  39,7-8, Seiten 287-305
    ISSN: 0263-2764 , 0263-2764
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publ.
    Angaben zur Quelle: 39,7-8, Seiten 287-305
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: critical analysis of the present ; modernity ; Andreas Reckwitz ; structural transformation ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This interview addresses Andreas Reckwitz’s main work, A Society of Singularities, but puts it in relation to his earlier and later writings. It starts with the strong and broad reception of this work in Germany. Next, it turns to how his understanding of the transformation of the social logics of modernity is related to other sociological understandings. In this way, the crucial distinctions of his work between the general and the particular, between formal rationalisation and culturalisation, are thematised. The next part addresses Reckwitz’s Foucault-inspired concept of critique and his understanding of the relation between theoretical and empirical work. The interview then goes on to the transformation of class structure, which is understood in terms of a culturalisation of inequality. The interview ends with a section about the kind of sufferings and problems that are typical of the present age, and how they might affect social transformation.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This publication is with permission of the rights owner (Sage) freely accessible.
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  14,8
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (29 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Basel : MDPI
    Angaben zur Quelle: 14,8
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: political Islam ; Islamism ; post-foundationalism ; discursive tradition ; social configuration ; Islamicity ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: The exploration of the quiddity of political Islam and the diverse range of categories and terms associated with it has emerged as a prominent research agenda within the social and political sciences. The application of these terms to a wide array of heterogeneous phenomena and currents among Muslim populations worldwide, coupled with the utilization of multiple theoretical approaches to define and formulate them within the realm of social studies, has posed significant challenges to their usage. The inherent ambiguity and lack of determinacy surrounding the dominant categories and definitions prevalent in the study of political Islam have led to a decline in their explanatory capacity, giving rise to a host of theoretical, methodological, normative, and political dilemmas and predicaments. This problematic state, compounded by the extensive body of research in the field of political Islam, necessitates an epistemological interrogation into the prevailing categories and definitions within this scholarly domain. Through a critical examination of prevailing definitions within the field, particularly in relation to the idea of foundation, the present article draws on the post-foundationalist approach to propose a distinctive conceptual apparatus for understanding and interpreting the phenomena categorized under political Islam. By juxtaposing the notions of discursive tradition and social configuration, the article endeavors to construct a nuanced understanding of political Islam that not only incorporates and comprehends the singular characteristics of the objects of inquiry but also encompasses varying levels of universality in elucidating the social phenomena observed among Muslims and in the Islamic world.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  58,1, Seiten 23-42
    ISSN: 1012-6902 , 1012-6902
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (20 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : SAGE Publ.
    Angaben zur Quelle: 58,1, Seiten 23-42
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Racist stacking is a phenomenon in team sports in which Black players are underrepresented in tactical and leading positions, while they are overrepresented in decentralized and physical positions. In this article, we propose that racist stacking is a type of institutional racism characterized by racist ascriptions incorporated in the daily routines of sport institutions. We explored whether racist stacking happens in soccer in Germany based on these assumptions. The results of an examination of the 36 teams in the male divisions of the first and second Bundesliga in the 2020/2021 season are presented in this article. We discovered patterns in our data that support a theory of racist stacking. White players are more likely to play positions associated with leadership, oversight, responsibility, intelligence, and organization, whereas Black players are more likely to play positions associated with aggressiveness, speed, and instinct. We conclude that, contrary to popular belief, professional sports do not just rely on the competitiveness principle. Instead, some decisions appear to be made on the basis of racist attributions, whether purposefully or accidentally.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  7
    Language: English
    Publ. der Quelle: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
    Angaben zur Quelle: 7
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: social configuration ; post-foundationalism ; contingency ; Norbert Elias ; historical constellation ; orders of category ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Modern social sciences arose during a period of classical modernity in which discovering universal rules between distinct phenomena was the most prominent criterion of scientific knowledge. Social phenomena were considered in the form of isolated, determined, standardized, and regulated objects whose knowledge, like that of the natural sciences, depended on the understanding of universal laws. The accidental and the contingent were eliminated in favor of universal laws. With the intensifying of modernity and the transition to late and liquid modernity, and by suspending many dominant cognitive categories, this kind of essentialist foundationalism was attacked by a variety of anti/non-foundationalist criticism that subscribed to either plural grounds or groundlessness, a bottomless ground in which scientific knowledge at a high level lost its significance. This predicament has given rise to several biases and antinomies in modern social theory. By addressing some of these predicaments and antinomies, including foundationalism/non(anti-)foundationalism, agency/structure, the individual/society, essentialism/relativism, and universalism/singularism, the present article strives to propose the idea of social configurations as a solution to overcome them, and through this endeavor, it is indicated that considering these configurations can effectively explain emerging and interrelated global phenomena. By prioritizing the conditions of possibility for social phenomena, and taking into account their contingency, as well as the incompleteness and partiality of their foundations, social configurations are considered as units at the level of the particular whose relationality, indeterminacy, interdependence, and fluidity constitute their central features.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  23,3, Seiten 318-338
    ISSN: 1468-795X , 1468-795X
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (21 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: 23,3, Seiten 318-338
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Axel Honneth ; critical theory ; democracy ; division of labor ; work ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: In the summer of 2021, Axel Honneth was invited by the Centre for Social Critique Berlin to give the Walter Benjamin Lectures. The lectures have now been published in German under the title Der arbeitende Souverän (The Working Sovereign). In a conversation with the directors of the Centre for Social Critique, Rahel Jaeggi and Robin Celikates, Axel Honneth explains why he believes a political theory of labor is necessary, how the world of work has changed, and what opportunities and risks this entails for democratization processes.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 29
    ISBN: 978-3-658-42298-1
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (471 Seiten)
    Additional Information: Wiesbaden : Springer VS 978-3-658-42298-1
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Climate change ; Displacement ; Immobility ; Well-being ; Peru ; Migration ; Relocation ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This open access book examines how and why various forms of climate (im)mobilities can impact people's objective and subjective well-being. Worsening climate impacts are forcing subsistence farmers worldwide to decide between staying or leaving their homes. This mixed methods study analyzes cases of climate-related migration, displacement, relocation, and immobility in Peru's coastal, highland, and rainforest regions. The results reveal that numerous farmers experienced profound and often negative well-being impacts, regardless of whether they stayed or migrated. The higher the structural constraints, such as weak governance, and the more damaging the climate impacts were, the higher the risk of well-being declines. Additionally, the affected individuals often had limited agency and ability to mitigate losses. These findings challenge the notion of "migration as adaptation" and emphasize the importance of safeguarding the human rights and security of those affected while addressing loss and damage. Without significant investments in such efforts, climate impacts could sharply diminish the well-being of numerous subsistence farmers worldwide—irrespective of whether they stay or migrate.
    Note: The publication of this work was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 30
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (21 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Basel : MDPI
    Angaben zur Quelle: 14,8
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: religion ; development ; diaconal studies ; diaconia ; ecumenical diaconia ; social work ; transdisciplinarity ; faith-based organisations ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: In this article, I argue that the research field of religion and development and diaconal studies, the study of Christian social practice, share a common subject of inquiry: the social impact of religion. The field of religion and development investigates this mainly with a focus on the Global South and within the discursive framework of the concept of development, while diaconal studies has thus far taken a Christian perspective and a historic focus on the Global North. Recent paradigm shifts in the development discourse (post-development critique, 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development as a global framework, critique of the secularist approach) put the field of religion and development under pressure to broaden its scope. Moreover, there is no clear lead discipline in the religion and development debate yet, raising questions about its disciplinary location in academic institutions and curricula. The field of diaconal studies is challenged by increasing religious pluralism and under pressure to consider perspectives from the Global South. Impulses from the recent advances in the conceptualisation of ecumenical diaconia as a new paradigm of Christian social service push the field to move beyond its historic focus on assistance and care. The aim of this article is to juxtapose these two fields of academic study and to bring them into mutual dialogue. The article reflects on both fields and their respective advantages and disadvantages and highlights areas of overlap. It goes on to propose a broadened discipline of diaconal studies, reshaped as the Study of Religious Social Practice, as a new academic field. The focus of this field would be the impact of religion on society in global perspective, across religious traditions and geographic contexts.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  ,84, Seiten S1-S18
    ISSN: 2702-2536 , 2702-2536
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    Angaben zur Quelle: ,84, Seiten S1-S18
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Political Ontology ; Practical Ontology ; Discussion between Blaser and Jensen ; Berliner Blätter Issue 84 ; Ecological Ontologies ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Soziologie und Anthropologie
    Abstract: This supplement contains Mario Blaser's response to the concepts of Political Ontology and Practical Ontology as discussed by Casper Bruun Jensen in his paper »Practical Ontologies Redux«. This article appeared in 2021 Berliner Blätter (issue 84), edited by Michaela Meurer and Kathrin Eitel. It also provides a response by Jensen to Blaser's critique.
    Abstract: Not Reviewed
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  60,12, Seiten 2384-2399
    ISSN: 0042-0980 , 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd.
    Angaben zur Quelle: 60,12, Seiten 2384-2399
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: affective atmospheres ; encampments ; everyday benevolence ; homelessness governance ; informality ; 情感氛围 ; 营地 ; 日常慈善 ; 无家可归者治理 ; 非正规性 ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This article explores the operation of homeless encampments as a part of governance by highlighting the role of affective atmospheres. The COVID-19 pandemic and the imposition of lockdowns have seen the introduction of unprecedented measures into homelessness governance in Czech cities. Some have set up temporary homeless encampments as a response to the declaration of the state of emergency. Relying on interviews and observations, this article reveals that such measures in cities differed significantly in both character and outcomes. Based on a repeated instances comparison of the socio-material and affective entanglements of operating two emergency encampments – one in the regional city of Pilsen and the other in the capital city of Prague – the article argues that affective atmospheres play a vital role in their practical operations and perceived outcomes. While no simple dichotomy is implied, in Pilsen, order was implemented through a surveillance logic that instigated conflicts and created an atmosphere of frustration, while in Prague, the benevolence and mutuality of people in the camp led to a relaxed atmosphere. The article introduces the notion of ‘governed by atmospheres’ and argues that it opens space for a more complex and nuanced examination of the unintended outcomes of particular policies and politics in homelessness governance.
    Abstract: 本文通过强调情感氛围的作用,探讨了作为治理的一部分的无家可归者营地的运营。新冠疫情和封锁的实施见证了捷克各城市在无家可归者治理方面所采取的前所未有的措施。在城市宣布进入紧急状态后,作为应对措施,一些城市建立了临时的无家可归者营地。通过访谈和观察,本文揭示了城市中的此类措施在性质和结果上都存在显著差异。我们选取了两个紧急营地(一个在区域中心城市比尔森,另一个在首都布拉格)作为案例,对两个紧急营地的运营所面临的社会物质和情感方面的复杂情况进行了多次比较,在此基础上,本文认为情感氛围在他们的实际运营和感知结果中起着至关重要的作用。尽管不能简单地将两者一分为二,但在比尔森,秩序是通过煽动冲突并营造沮丧氛围的监视逻辑来实施的,而在布拉格,营地中人们的仁慈和互助营造了轻松的氛围。本文介绍了“用氛围来治理”的概念,并认为该概念开辟了更为广阔的空间,使人们能够对无家可归者治理中特定政策和政治的意外结果进行更复杂、更细致的审视。
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  American sociological review 88,2023,2, Seiten 220-251
    ISSN: 0003-1224 , 0003-1224
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (32 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: American sociological review
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks, Calif. : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: 88,2023,2, Seiten 220-251
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: cultural change ; life course ; panel data ; attitudes ; mixed-effects models ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Prior literature finds stability in personal culture, such as attitudes and values, in individuals’ life courses using short-running panel data. This work has concluded that lasting change in personal culture is rare after formative early years. This conclusion conflicts with a growing body of evidence for changes in personal culture after significant life course transitions, drawing on long-running panel data. To integrate these conflicting findings, the current study develops and applies a life course adaption model of personal culture, accounting for early imprinting and the continued possibility for change. Drawing on rich data from six long-running panel studies from five countries (BHPS, HILDA, PSID, SHP, SOEP, UKHLS) and 428 measures of personal culture, I test the theoretical expectations using mixed-effects modeling and an individual participant data meta-analysis. Results support the life course adaption model. Although lasting, non-transitory, within-individual changes in personal culture are relatively small compared to stable between-individual differences, I find strong support for the proposition that individuals change persistently in their personal culture as they move through the life course. These changes are partly dependent on prior biographical experiences. Finally, personal culture fluctuates substantially from year to year. Change in personal culture is increasingly varied for younger birth cohorts.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 34
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (21 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Basel : MDPI
    Angaben zur Quelle: 14,9
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: domestic violence ; religion ; Africa ; COVID-19 pandemic ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: The increase in domestic violence—particularly against women—is one of the most alarming indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic affecting countries worldwide. Following a mixed-methods approach, this paper examines religious leaders’ perspectives on and their engagement with this topic. It scrutinises the findings of the online survey Religious Leaders’ Perspectives on Corona, conducted from 2020 to 2021 by the Research Programme on Religious Communities and Sustainable Development at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. Most answers came from the African continent and showed that more female than male leaders perceived an increase in domestic violence during the pandemic or see the need to respond to this topic. However, both male and female participants warned that domestic violence is underreported, inter alia, because of religio-cultural norms. To illustrate how the relationship between women and men in marriage is understood and (re)interpreted and how domestic violence is addressed in individual communities, this paper additionally draws on semi-structured interviews with church leaders conducted in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda from 2017 to 2019 and in 2022. In addition to forms of support and advocacy against domestic violence, the examples also show that church leaders might call for women’s empowerment while upholding the idea of male headship.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: The article processing charge was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) – 491192747 and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 35
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Utrecht : Europ. Research Centre on Migration and Ethnic Relations, 2023
    Angaben zur Quelle: 11
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Migration control ; Asylum ; Symbolic borders ; Filter borders ; Border fence ; Border regime ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This paper analyzes the role of border fortifications for migration control and access to asylum based on two case studies: the Hungarian–Serbian and U.S. American–Mexican borders. The research is based on qualitative interviews on both sides of the borders. It shows that despite other options for border control, fortifications still play an important role, especially for asylum seekers. Fences fulfill a material, a symbolic and a filtering function here. The three functions contribute in different ways to preventing asylum seekers from crossing the border, thus depriving refugees of the opportunity to apply for asylum. The paper shoes that fences fulfill functions that other forms of border control (such as shifting or smart borders) cannot accomplish in the same way and it thereby contributes to understanding the ‘puzzle’ of contemporary border fencing.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: The article processing charge was funded by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  , Seiten 88-99
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (13 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Vienna
    Angaben zur Quelle: , Seiten 88-99
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Queer culture ; gender-nonconforming people ; resilience ; Sozialwissenschaften
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  86,1, Seiten 176-198
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (23 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Oxford [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angaben zur Quelle: 86,1, Seiten 176-198
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: comparative ; family policy ; income or wages ; labor market ; marriage ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Objective To examine the effect of marriage entry on annual net rather than gross earnings across different institutional settings. Background Previous research focused on men's gross wage marital premium to explore whether selection or specialization explains premiums. However, gross wages do not reflect disposable resources because taxes still have to be deducted. As the tax treatment varies across countries and by marital status, it is also relevant to consider such aspects. Method We use panel data from the United States (PSID), Germany (SOEP), and the United Kingdom (UKHLS) to examine annual male net earnings changes over marriage entry using fixed effect models with individual slopes. The models enable us to assess marriage-related net earnings while adjusting for heterogeneous age slopes before marriage in addition to any time-constant heterogeneity. Our sample contains 3244 US men, 4581 German men, and 7140 British men. Results Our results reveal a male marital net earnings premium only in Germany—a country with sizeable institutional marriage privileges. We go on to show heterogeneity in marriage effects by cohort, partner's education, and children. Results highlight that men from earlier cohorts and those married to partners with low education tend to benefit more. Conclusion Results add novel insights to our understanding of marital premiums and highlight the relevance of tax policy contexts as an institutional driver underlying marital premiums.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 38
    ISSN: 0081-1750 , 0081-1750
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (22 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage Publ.
    Angaben zur Quelle: 53,2, Seiten 344-365
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: decomposition ; matching ; Kitagawa-Blinder-Oaxaca ; simulation ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Decompositions make it possible to investigate whether gaps between groups in certain outcomes would remain if groups had comparable characteristics. In practice, however, such a counterfactual comparability is difficult to establish in the presence of lacking common support, functional-form misspecification, and insufficient sample size. In this article, the authors show how decompositions can be undermined by these three interrelated issues by comparing the results of a regression-based Kitagawa-Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition and matching decompositions applied to simulated and real-world data. The results show that matching decompositions are robust to issues of common support and functional-form misspecification but demand a large number of observations. Kitagawa-Blinder-Oaxaca decompositions provide consistent estimates also for smaller samples but require assumptions for model specification and, when common support is lacking, for model-based extrapolation. The authors recommend that any decomposition benefits from using a matching approach first to assess potential problems of common support and misspecification.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  33,1, Seiten 25-47
    ISSN: 0961-463X , 0961-463X
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (23 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage Publ.
    Angaben zur Quelle: 33,1, Seiten 25-47
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: infrastructure ; planning ; delivery democracy dilemma ; project management ; Alfred Gell ; A- & B-series ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This paper shows how different properties of time and their ethical implications are reflected in the framing of debates around planning and the perceived problem of delay in the delivery of infrastructure. We examine the way in which plans can take the form of ‘time maps’ that are linear projections of a series of events. This can lead to assumptions that desired futures can only be achieved if the actions that constitute events are performed correctly often coupled with a moral imperative to such performances. It also reflects an orientation towards a more closed view of time that emphasises the significance of ordering such events within a series. This contrasts with a second, more open conception that emphasises the changing, flowing experience of time. Alfred Gell describes these interconnected perspectives as the A- and B-series qualities of time both of which are thick with ethical entanglements. Thus, we use these to set out a framework that applies deontological and consequentialist ethics to the A- and B-series and the tension between delivery and deliberation that exists in infrastructure planning policy to show how different perspectives on time raise different ethical questions.
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  • 40
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (27 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Basel : MDPI
    Angaben zur Quelle: 12,2
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: socio-ecological justice ; social learning ; inclusive decision-making ; community participation ; social capital ; collective action ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Geowissenschaften
    Abstract: Protected areas are a fundamental element for the protection of ecological integrity and, in some cases, the livelihood of local communities worldwide. They are also embedded in socio-ecological systems, and their management is subject to various political, economic, and social influences. Good governance of protected areas is recognized as a decisive aspect of ecological conservation, which is at risk in institutional contexts where there is a weak scope of action alongside issues with misrecognition of key actors and their representation in procedures. In this context, the present study case aims to assess the performance of the Río Negro National Park governance system in terms of effectiveness and justice to enable the identification of strategies to improve this protected area governance system for the achievement of its desired outcomes. Using the social-ecological systems approach, this paper proposes an analytical framework for the performance assessment, including both the effectiveness and justice of the governance of socio-ecological systems, stemming from the socio-ecological justice framework. It uses mixed methods based on semi-structured in-depth interviews supplemented by a focus group discussion, participant observation, and secondary data analysis. Results show that the governance of Río Negro National Park is negatively impacted by low-capacity, a lack of human, financial, and technical resources, as well as the lack of recognition of the indigenous community of the Yshiro and the rural community as key actors, leading to a lack of representation of their interests, values, and knowledge in norm-making and decision-making processes. The findings unveil some windows for improvement through better-designed environmental policies specifically based on collective action and social learning. The results demonstrate that effectiveness and justice influence each other and, therefore, are deeply intertwined. From the assessment conducted, the paper highlights the components of the governance system that should be improved to achieve good governance of the protected area as a socio-ecological system, promoting the ecological integrity and the dignity of life (socio-ecological justice) of the individuals and communities that are part of this system.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 41
    ISSN: 0968-6673 , 0968-6673
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (25 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Oxford [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angaben zur Quelle: 30,6, Seiten 2130-2154
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: gender, race and class intersections ; marginalized community ; politics of care ; socioenvironmental initiative ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: The Buckets Revolution is a local non-governmental organization arisen from an initiative implemented in a favela, a marginalized community in the South of Brazil, led and conducted by its women to resist their condition of intersected subordinations and address the socioenvironmental problems caused by the lack of public care. Based on the understanding that women of the Buckets Revolution developed a particular politics of care, this study investigates the configuration of the complex relations between their political practice and the responsibility for care—understood as a core element of women's intersected subordination, and simultaneously, a central value for a new and revolutionary politics of care. From a qualitative approach, the case study is based on an intersectional feminist theoretical framework, epistemology, and methodological design, necessary for the analysis of gender in the South, where its imbrications with race, class, and nation compose a complex, diverse, and unequal scenario. In that sense, the women of the Buckets Revolution, by occupying a social place where these axes of subordination intersect more intensely, offer a “vantage point” to make more visible the processes of domination and resistance on both national and global levels—that is, both in Brazilian society and in an otherwise increasingly interdependent world shaped by neoliberal globalization. The gendered intersectional outline is conducted through the combination of data collection techniques, including participant observation, focus group discussions, semi-structured interviews, and bibliographical research. The results show that, with their revolutionary politics of care, the women of the Buckets Revolution built a contextualized, horizontal, and bottom-up care-based counter-hegemonic alternative to address the socioenvironmental problems that resulted from intersected subordinations in the Brazilian context, and more broadly, in the contemporary neoliberal global order.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    ISBN: 9783839461761
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (615 Seiten)
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Hysteria ; Functional Neurological Disorder ; Neuroimaging ; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) ; Photography ; Medical Research ; Visual Studies ; Gender ; Medicine ; History of Medicine ; Gender Studies ; Fine Arts ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Hysteria, a mysterious disease known since antiquity, is said to have ceased to exist. Challenging this commonly held view, this is the first cross-disciplinary study to examine the current functional neuroimaging research into hysteria and compare it to the nineteenth-century image-based research into the same disorder. Paula Muhr's central argument is that, both in the nineteenth-century and the current neurobiological research on hysteria, images have enabled researchers to generate new medical insights. Through detailed case studies, Muhr traces how different images, from photography to functional brain scans, have reshaped the historically situated medical understanding of this disorder that defies the mind-body dualism.
    Note: The publication of this work was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 43
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  European journal of social theory 25,2022,2, Seiten 271-291
    ISSN: 1368-4310 , 1368-4310
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (21 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: European journal of social theory
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage Publ.
    Angaben zur Quelle: 25,2022,2, Seiten 271-291
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Cybernetics ; Foucault ; neoliberalism ; network society ; power ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Network concepts are omnipresent in contemporary diagnoses (network society), management practices (network governance), social science methods (network analysis) and theories (network theory). Instigating a critical analysis of network concepts, this article explores the sources and relevance of networks in Foucault’s social theory. I argue that via Foucault we can trace network concepts back to cybernetics, a research programme that initiated a shift from ‘being’ to ‘doing’ and developed a new theory of regulation based on connectivity and codes, communication and circulation. This insight contributes to two debates: Firstly, it highlights a neglected influence on Foucault’s theory that travelled from cybernetics via structuralism and Canguilhem into his concept of power. Secondly, it suggests that network society and governance are neither a product of neoliberalism nor of technological artefacts, such as the Internet. They rather resulted from a distinct tradition of cybernetically inspired theories and practices.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 44
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Feminist anthropology 3,2022,1, Seiten 106-119
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (14 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Feminist anthropology
    Publ. der Quelle: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley
    Angaben zur Quelle: 3,2022,1, Seiten 106-119
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: extended family ; gender ; refamiliarization ; responsibility ; social reproduction ; Spain ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Under the pressure of work's devaluation and the state's retrenchment, men and women in Spain manage their extended family resources in a struggle to provide for their dependents. These resources have become the main axis of inequality in Spain's financialized economy. Drawing on fieldwork in Madrid, I show that men and women understand themselves in terms of this responsibility, internalizing capitalist pressures on social reproduction as a family matter. This self-identification cuts through the solidarities that exploited waged work and gendered domestic work might generate, and it makes family one's ultimate reference point. Instead of the refusal of a responsibility that used to be socialized being a principled and political stance, then, it is dismissed as selfish.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 45
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 Seiten)
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Bericht ; Berlin Science Survey ; Berlin research area ; Science Studies ; Scientists survey ; sample statistics ; data quality ; Berlin University Alliance ; Sozialwissenschaften
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  • 46
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  21,3, Seiten 1391-1419
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (29 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Angaben zur Quelle: 21,3, Seiten 1391-1419
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This article investigates how mothers’ and fathers’ daily time use changed across social classes from 1990 to 2013 in Germany. In the 2000s, Germany’s adherence to the male breadwinner model was eroded by labor and family policy reforms typical of the adult worker model, which assumes individual self-sufficiency. The implications for gender and class inequality have been heatedly discussed. Drawing on the German Time Use Survey, I find that gender equality in the division of labor is greatest among full-time dual-earner couples with standard schedules. The prevalence of this pattern increased among the middle- and upper-class in historically conservative western Germany, but declined across classes in formerly socialist eastern Germany. In parallel, nonstandard work patterns and dual-joblessness gained in importance among lower-class couples, particularly in eastern Germany. I conclude that the adult worker model benefited mothers with access to standard full-time jobs but at the cost of greater class polarization.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 47
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 Seiten)
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Bericht ; Science studies ; Scientists survey ; Berlin research area ; Berlin University Alliance ; Berlin Science Survey ; Data analysis ; Open science ; research quality ; research cooperation ; knowledge exchange ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: In this report the first results of the pilot study of the Berlin Science Survey are presented. 1,098 respondents participated in the pilot study. Core statements on each topic addressed in the pilot study are presented to create the basis for in-depth detailed analyses. The focus of the basic evaluation is the descriptive presentation of the core indicators.
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  • 48
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  38,4, Seiten 623-641
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V.
    Angaben zur Quelle: 38,4, Seiten 623-641
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Wealth ; Couples ; Life course ; Gender ; Inequality ; Partners ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Sammlungen allgemeiner Statistiken
    Abstract: The assumption that economic resources are equally shared within households has been found to be untenable for income but is still often upheld for wealth. In this introduction to the special issue “Wealth in Couples”, we argue that within-household inequality in wealth is a pertinent and under-researched area that is ripe for development. To this end, we outline the relevance of wealth for demographic research, making the distinction between individual and household wealth. Drawing on a life-course perspective, we discuss individual wealth accumulation within couples and its links to family-demographic processes, the institutional context, and norms on pooling and sharing. We conclude with a brief summary of the main findings from the special issue and highlight implications for demographic research and for future research in this field.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 49
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  48,20, Seiten 4829-4846
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Taylor & Francis
    Angaben zur Quelle: 48,20, Seiten 4829-4846
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: refugee ; class ; capitals ; spatial mobility ; social mobility ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This editorial makes the case for revisiting class in the context of forced migration. We argue that this is necessary to better grasp the inherent diversity of forced migrants. Forced-migration research has increasingly considered aspects of differentiation, such as race or gender. Yet, scholarly work on social class in this field remains scarce. We argue that forced migrants are wrongly homogenised as ‘poor’ or ‘class-less’, and show how class-related capitals and their transferability and convertibility remain important determinants of their spatial and social (im)mobility. We develop this angle by first giving an overview of the class concepts developed by Marx, Weber, and Bourdieu, and the ways the authors of this special issue employed these concepts. Building our arguments on the contributions to this special issue that engage in empirical analyses in diverse settings, we display how social class and the different forms of capital available to forced migrants influence their perception and capacity for spatial mobility. Moreover, we discuss how class at a given moment shapes forced migrants’ future social mobility in new settings. We conclude by highlighting the considerable variation in socio-economic backgrounds of forced migrants and discussing the effects of the categorisation as ‘refugee’.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 50
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  20,4, Seiten 332-350
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
    Angaben zur Quelle: 20,4, Seiten 332-350
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: othering ; integration ; immigrants ; migration ; research ethics ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: The article explores how sport-related research contributes to the construction and reproduction of immigrants and their descendants as ‘Others’. This process, referred to as ‘Othering’ in this paper, is to be understood as a hegemonic act of ascribing otherness to social groups, marking them as being essentially different, generalising these alleged differences and transferring this alleged otherness into inferiority. This paper elaborates on this process of Othering theoretically and empirically. Qualitative content analysis of sport-related German-language academic publications enables an investigation of how researchers deal with social constructs of difference, such as ‘immigrant’, ‘migrant’ or ‘migrant background’, as well as revealing whether and how Othering occurs in their publications. As a result, this article demonstrates that Othering is found in a substantial number of academic publications. Furthermore, it exemplifies and discusses how the various forms of Othering manifest themselves at different stages in the research process.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 51
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  51,2, Seiten 249-286
    ISSN: 0730-8884 , 0730-8884
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (38 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks [u.a.] : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: 51,2, Seiten 249-286
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: wage gap decomposition ; matching ; intersectionality ; double disadvantage ; Germany ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: We investigate intersecting wage gaps by gender and nativity by comparing the wages between immigrant women, immigrant men, native women, and native men based on Western German survey data. Adding to the analytical diversity of the field, we do a full comparison of group wages to emphasize the relationality of privilege and disadvantage, and we use a nonparametric matching decomposition that is well suited to address unique group-specific experiences. We find that wage (dis)advantages associated with the dimensions of gender and nativity are nonadditive and result in distinct decomposition patterns for each pairwise comparison. After accounting for substantial group differences in work attachment, individual resources, and occupational segregation, unexplained wage gaps are generally small for comparisons between immigrant women, immigrant men, and native women, but large when either group is compared to native men. This finding suggests that the often presumed “double disadvantage” of immigrant women is rather a “double advantage” of native men.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 52
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  32,2, Seiten 165-172
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (8 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Wiesbaden : Springer VS
    Angaben zur Quelle: 32,2, Seiten 165-172
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 53
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  ,86, Seiten 9-27
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2022
    Angaben zur Quelle: ,86, Seiten 9-27
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Rice ; global-local entanglement ; food production systems ; agri-food markets ; Burkina Faso ; Uruguay ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Soziologie und Anthropologie
    Abstract: In this paper, we introduce the rice production systems in Burkina Faso and Uruguay and analyze them as two divergent instantiations of global-local entanglements. We trace how global-local entanglements come into being and how seemingly similar practices of entangling result in contrasting configurations. Our empirical material shows how local understandings and concerns, as well as practices of enacting them, are constantly ordered to produce a fit between globalized and situated relations. In the case of the Uruguayan rice sector, these efforts constitute a harmonized, depoliticized web of relations, which prompt for particular kinds of doings and reflections to become unquestioned and preclude others. In Burkina Faso, in turn, comparable efforts and tools do not result in a hegemonic frame of reference but rather amplify divergences and contradictions between different understandings and activities revolving around rice production. Studying these two different orderings of fits between global forms and situated relations sheds light on de-/stabilizations of food systems and the ongoing work they require. Such a processual and comparative perspective allows for a multiplication of stories on global-local entangling. Thus, it goes beyond reproducing clear-cut categorizations and escapes dichotomies, such as the one of market integration and market failure.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 54
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 Seiten)
    Additional Information: : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2022 ,86
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Soziologie und Anthropologie
    Abstract: Nahrungsmittel und Ernährung sind eng verwoben mit Lebensstilen, kulturellen Praktiken, Konsumgewohnheiten sowie mit Vorstellungen von gesundem und ungesundem Leben. Gleichzeitig bergen der Umgang mit Nahrungsmitteln, ihre Produktion, Verarbeitung, Vermarktung, aber auch ihr Konsum in einer globalisierten Welt politisches Konfliktpotenzial. Die hier präsentierte sozial- und kulturwissenschaftliche Auseinandersetzung mit Nahrungsmitteln sowie Ernährung und Essen basiert auf einem transdisziplinären Zugang und richtet den Blick auf Food-Politiken und -Praktiken. Das Feld der Food-Politiken nimmt Bezug auf die (lokalen) Antworten auf die skizzierten globalen agrar- und finanzwirtschaftlichen Problematiken in Verbindung mit Ernährungsweisen und Essen sowie Nahrungsmittelproduktion und -handel. Der Themenblock Food-Praktiken analysiert und diskutiert lokale Ernährungs- und Nahrungsmittelpraktiken, in denen sich globale Praktiken, Politiken und Herausforderungen, ausgelöst nicht zuletzt durch die Covid-19 Pandemie, abbilden. Insgesamt zeigen die Beiträge die Bandbreite des Themas Food und die Produktivität einer transdisziplinären Forschung, durch die Spannungsverhältnisse von In-Wert-Setzung von Nahrungsmitteln und Ernährung im Geflecht globaler und lokaler Praktiken und Politiken sichtbar gemacht und bearbeitet werden können.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 55
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Frontiers in sociology 7,2022
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (17 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Frontiers in sociology
    Publ. der Quelle: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
    Angaben zur Quelle: 7,2022
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: migration ; refugees and asylum seekers ; labor market ; human capital ; immigrant integration ; economics of immigration ; legal status ; immigration labor policy ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: While recent literature in Germany has compared predictors of welfare use between EU and non-EU immigrants, refugees have yet to be added to the analysis. Using survey data of approximately 4,000 immigrants living in Germany, I examine the determinants of basic unemployment benefits receipt for intra-EU immigrants, refugees, and third country immigrants. In particular, I investigate how education affects the likelihood of welfare use for each immigrant group. Even after controlling for human capital factors, sociodemographic characteristics, and factors related to migration such as legal status and age at migration, refugees remain significantly more likely to receive benefits. Results demonstrate that higher education significantly decreases the likelihood of welfare receipt for EU and third country immigrants, but much less so for refugees. These findings may indicate that refugees' education is not being used to its full potential in the labor market or that they face additional challenges hindering their labor market integration. A further and unanticipated finding is that immigrants who hold permanent residency or German citizenship are less likely to receive unemployment benefits, pointing either to positive effects of a secure residency or selection into permanent residency and citizenship among those with the greatest labor market success. Overall, this research shows that challenges beyond human capital deficiencies and sociodemographic characteristics must be considered when studying immigrants' receipt of social benefits, that not all educational credentials are valued equally, and that the experiences of refugees differ in significant ways from those of other immigrant groups.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 56
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Frontiers in political science 4,2022
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (14 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Frontiers in political science
    Publ. der Quelle: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
    Angaben zur Quelle: 4,2022
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: legitimacy ; European Union ; mixed-methods ; repertory grid ; comparative politics ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This article uses a study on the impact of political (EU-specific) knowledge on perceptions of the legitimacy of the European Union to demonstrate the potential of the repertory grid method in the social sciences. The first objective of the study is methodological. The aim is to test the added value of the repertory grid method for surveying attitudes toward contested concepts, such as legitimacy. To this end, the influence of political knowledge on the perception of the legitimacy of the European Union is surveyed with the help of repertory grid interviews. Second, possible research questions on the effect of political knowledge on perceptions of legitimacy are developed, using the results of the present repertory grid study as a guidepost in this still underdeveloped field of research. The data collected in this preliminary study provide evidence that the importance of democratic norms and values for the evaluation of the legitimacy of national and European institutions is increasing, but at the same time critique of the political system is also increasing and the perception of legitimacy is thus decreasing.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: The article processing charge was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) – 491192747 and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 57
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (124 Seiten)
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: “Cultures of Rejection” set out to investigate the social and cultural conditions in which right-wing authoritarian movements operate and thrive, and conducted systematically coordinated research along the transnational space created by migration movements in 2015: in Serbia, Croatia, Austria, Germany and Sweden. This volume summarises the group's research findings regarding the mobilisations against the COVID-19 measures (such as lockdowns, mandatory face masks and vaccinations) and on the relationship between these mobilisations and the media responses to them to date. Each contribution focuses on the specifics of the developments in the individual countries, assembling a panorama of the political dynamics during the pandemic beyond the five specific constellations.
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  • 58
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  42,3, Seiten 395-420
    ISSN: 0167-8507 , 0167-8507
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (26 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Berlin [u.a.] : Mouton de Gruyter
    Angaben zur Quelle: 42,3, Seiten 395-420
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: highly diverse urban settings ; linguistic ethnography ; metrolingualism ; multilingual and multiethnic interactions ; urban street market ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: The Maybachufer Market is an urban street market in Berlin-Neukölln that constitutes a highly diverse urban context by bringing together people of different social, cultural, and linguistic backgrounds. Through linguistic ethnography, this paper explores the negotiation of various resources in everyday communicative practices and activities of this urban space. The market setting with its multiethnic and multilingual community constitutes a spatial repertoire with a rich pool of resources. Although German, Turkish, and English are prominent as local and international lingua francas, various other languages and resources are used in the market activities involving different types and modes of interaction. The study shows that the respective communicative practices, which seem random at first glance, in fact follow specific interactional patterns with respect to communicative goals and interactional roles, including different social relations and identity constructions. While exploring everyday activities and the linguistic behaviours at a highly diverse urban market, the study contributes to our understanding of spatial repertoires, metrolingual and convivial practices, and communicative patterns in multilingual and multiethnic interactions in highly diverse urban spaces.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 59
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  39,4, Seiten 129-143
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publ.
    Angaben zur Quelle: 39,4, Seiten 129-143
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: digital capitalism ; Jürgen Habermas ; public sphere ; social media ; structural transformation ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This article explores the question of how to understand social media following the Habermasian theory of the structural transformation of the public sphere. We argue for a return to political-economic fundamentals as the basis for analysing the public sphere and seek to establish a characteristic connection between digital-behavioural control and singularised audiences in the context of proprietary markets. In the digital constellation, it is less a matter of immobilising the citizen as a consumer but rather of their political activation – albeit in conditions under which commercial interests have primacy: privatisation without privatism.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 60
    ISBN: 9783868598322
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (146 Seiten)
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: neoliberal restructuring ; neoliberal city ; political polarization ; affordable housing ; housing crisis ; social injustice ; grassroots initiatives ; bottom-up initiatives ; public space ; residents ; urban activism ; right to the city ; neoliberale Stadt ; soziale Ungleichheit ; bezahlbares Wohnen ; Stadt von unten ; soziale Bewegungen ; Stadtaktivismus ; politische Polarisierung ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: In the face of uninhibited neoliberal restructuring, Berlin and Istanbul have for the past decade been subject to various forms of political polarization and social injustice. As a result, the struggles for affordable housing, access to public space, fair labor, ecological justice, and the right to live differently have intensified. Various forms of grassroots resistance have put the relationship between local governments and social movements to the test, provoking questions about where and how the city’s political issues emerge. Blending dialogues, essays, and critical reflections, the book investigates the ways in which the residents of Berlin and Istanbul experience, express, and resist the physical, political, and normative reordering of their cities, and asks: Who are We, the City?
    Abstract: Angesichts ihrer ungehemmten neoliberalen Umstrukturierung waren Berlin und Istanbul im letzten Jahrzehnt verschiedenen Formen politischer Polarisierung und sozialer Ungerechtigkeit ausgesetzt. Infolgedessen hat sich der Kampf um bezahlbaren Wohnraum, Zugang zum öffentlichen Raum, faire Arbeitsbedingungen, ökologische Gerechtigkeit und das Recht auf unterschiedliche Lebensformen intensiviert. Verschiedene Formen des Widerstands „von unten“ haben das Verhältnis zwischen lokalen Regierungen und sozialen Bewegungen herausgefordert und hinterfragen, wo und wie die politischen Probleme der Stadt entstehen. In einer Mischung aus Dialogen, Essays und kritischen Reflexionen untersucht dieses Buch die Art und Weise, wie die Bewohner*innen von Berlin und Istanbul die physische, politische und normative Neuordnung ihrer Städte erleben, zum Ausdruck bringen und sich dagegen wehren. Es stellt sich die Frage: Wer ist das Wir in We, the City?
    Note: The publication of this work was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 61
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (21 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angaben zur Quelle: 28,6
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: agent‐based modelling ; agent typologies ; behaviour rules ; cluster analysis ; mixed methods ; spatial microsimulation ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Information about the spatial patterns of residents is essential, especially when elderly people are involved, as their action range is confined to their residential location. Since knowledge about patterns of elderly people in cities is limited, this paper formulates steps for the initialisation of an agent-based model, combined with different data sources. The first step is to identify different types of elderly people using cluster analysis, and then the clusters are expanded into agent typologies with behaviour rules, which form the basis for an artificial population. The clusters are derived based on survey data and then analysed and modified using insights from census data and expert interviews. The agents' relocation behaviour is estimated based on literature research, expert interviews and a survey. The spatial information of the agents is added with a spatial microsimulation. The resulting artificial population presents the real population well and can be used in an empirically based data-driven agent-based model.
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  • 62
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (21 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: 38,1-2, Seiten 1473-1493
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: cultural contexts ; disclosure of domestic violence ; domestic violence ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Large-size studies on the prevalence of female intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization in Germany are rare and partly outdated; representative data on male IPV victimization are lacking altogether. The present survey addresses these gaps. For this study, the instrument of the WHO Multi-country study on women’s health and domestic violence has been translated to German and adapted to be used with females and males. A random route procedure in selecting household addresses has been used to gather data on IPV in combination with an omnibus survey on (mental) health issues. A total 2,503 respondents with a minimum age of 14 years have participated (response rate=44.1%). The resulting distribution of age and gender was representative for the German population above the age of 14 years. A total of 57.6% of female participants and 50.8% of male participants have reported victimization by intimate partners during their lifespan; gender distribution differs significantly (Chi2=43.43; p〈0.001). Out of the different documented subtypes, psychological IPV was most prevalent (53.6% in females, 48.0% in males). Other forms ranged between 15.2% (physical IPV) and 18.6% (sexual IPV) for females, and 5.5% (sexual IPV) and 10.8% (physical IPV) for males. All forms of victimization regularly coincided, both in females and males. Experiencing any IPV was not only significantly associated with female gender, but also with older age, periods of unemployment, poverty, and IPV perpetration. The findings highlight the still much needed global efforts to prevent IPV against women – and in general. They further support previous research in underlining that fighting poverty might also be instrumental in reducing the likelihood of IPV. The discussion further addresses the issues of reciprocity in IPV.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 63
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  60,4, Seiten 673-695
    ISSN: 0042-0980 , 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (23 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd.
    Angaben zur Quelle: 60,4, Seiten 673-695
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: control ; everyday life ; smart city ; social distinction ; space ; surveillance ; symbolic boundaries ; South Korea ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Constructed from scratch on land reclaimed from the sea, Songdo was planned to embody new ‘smart city’ life. In reality, it has come to exemplify enclave urbanism that commodifies securitised living for upwardly mobile middle classes. While the political economy of this urban project is by now well studied, the sociological ethnography of the resultant space and its experiential correlates remains less developed and imperfectly contextualised. One needs to connect the dots of power and space. The present paper aims to do that and thematises the ‘design of everyday life’ which rests on (1) the intensification of privatised digital surveillance of mass housing compounds which in turn occasions (2) the remaking of spatial markers and symbolic boundaries between private/public, inclusive/exclusive, inside/outside. As such it is a combination of two different registers of visibility that gets jointly orchestrated by the public–private partnership of Korean state and corporate actors. In order to recognise these regimes as strategic visions of controlled social life we extend James Scott’s notion of ‘seeing like a state’ to include the corresponding regime that we call ‘seeing like a corporation’. This allows us to show that they are mutually elaborative in Songdo through a hybridised fabrication of its lived environment, particularly in the case of one branded housing typology located in the city’s centre called International Business District. This elucidates not only the local entrepreneurial urbanism that gave rise to the controlled environment of Songdo but also more general logics of the ‘compressed modernisation’ in the region which sets a global mode for production of space and re-territorialisation of power.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 64
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  26,2, Seiten 136-152
    ISSN: 1368-4310 , 1368-4310
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (17 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage Publ.
    Angaben zur Quelle: 26,2, Seiten 136-152
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Collective learning ; collective will formation ; democracy ; normative theory ; social relations ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: The public sphere is the site where the collective will of the people is formed. The thesis is that to the extent that the people are constructed as entities that pre-exist their collective will, the public sphere contributes to fostering the evil among a people and between the people. This is discussed using the cases of nationalism, sovereigntism and populism. The narrative of Pandora’s box provides the analytical leverage for retelling the theory of the public sphere. The story is that after the evils escaped Pandora’s box, hope remained. This leads to two propositions: hope as preventing the closing off of the future of a people and hope as fostering collective learning processes that rectify the evils. These propositions provide the ground for a critical theory of the public sphere in which the force of the better argument is insufficient to explain the capability of a people to rectify the bad. It is a theory in which social relations matter that turn individuals into a people beyond national, statist or populist containers, making a people that is open to define and redefine itself in collective learning processes.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 65
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (23 Seiten)
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Bericht ; Berlin Science Survey ; Questionnaire ; Berlin University Alliance ; Berlin research area ; Science studies ; scientists survey ; Sozialwissenschaften
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  • 66
    ISSN: 2702-2536 , 2702-2536
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (12 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2022
    Angaben zur Quelle: ,85, Seiten 87-98
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Bosnia and Herzegovina ; Dayton Meantime ; temporality ; Europeanization ; Yugostalgia ; Bosnien und Herzegowina ; Dayton Meantime ; Zeitlichkeit ; Europäisierung ; Jugostalgie ; Soziologie und Anthropologie ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: The aim of this ethnographic paper is to map the traces of temporality in everyday practices of energy and environment professionals in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). In line with current anthropological research in the region, we aim to illustrate how clear divisions of time in BiH between post-socialism, post-war and an undetermined Europeanization process do not adequately address the nuances of multiple temporalities the interlocutors reference. Based on long-term ethnographic fieldwork in state institutions, we attempt to understand what living in the post entails for civil servants in BiH’s energy and environment sector. Specifically, we look at how temporal markers relate to the Dayton Meantime (Jansen 2015), especially in the context of Europeanization and Yugostalgia. Discussing the analytic productivity of postsocialism, working out certain (dis-)continuities, we focus on how civil servants employ references of Europeanization and Yugostalgia as temporal markers through which they make sense of their past, present and future.
    Abstract: Dieser ethnografische Beitrag arbeitet Spuren der Zeitlichkeit in Alltagsverständnissen von Beamt*innen in Bosnien und Herzegowinas (BiH) Energie- und Umweltsektor heraus um zu verstehen, was living in the post für sie bedeutet. Basierend auf ethnografischer Feldforschung in staatlichen Institutionen kontrastieren wir etablierte zeitliche, periodische Klassifizierungen wie Postsozialismus und Nachkriegszeit mit einem kontingenten Europäisierungsprozess des Staates. Ausgehend von anthropologischer Forschung in der Region welche aufzeigt wie diese Zeiteinteilungen von Alltagspraktiken herausgefordert werden, zeigen wir auf wie Beamt*innen stattdessen Europäisierung und Jugostalgie als zeitliche Marker referenzieren um Vergangenheit, Gegenwart und Zukunft zu ordnen. Gleichzeitig diskutieren wir die Beziehung dieser referenzierten Nuancen multipler Zeitlichkeiten und wie sich dies analytisch zur Dayton Meantime (Jansen, 2015) und der analytischen Produktivität von Postsozialismus verhält.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 67
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Wolfville, Nova Scotia : Resilience Alliance
    Angaben zur Quelle: 27,1
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: ecosystem services ; green infrastructure ; Halle ; land use alternatives ; urban regrowth ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Cities that begin to regrow after a long period of decline and land abandonment are under pressure to provide comfortable housing conditions in preferred neighborhoods for their residents. On the other hand, these cities should preserve interim green spaces that result from decline because these spaces are a real treasure for densifying cities. Using the case of the city of Halle in post-socialist Eastern Germany, we explore four land use alternatives for neighborhood development close to what might happen: (1) urban densification, (2) spacious housing, (3) the green city, and (4) the edible city. We seek to discover opportunities for regrowth and sustainable land use development by applying the ecosystem services and green points frameworks to a set of land use transition rules. Land use change has been defined for strategic development areas according to the Master Plan and complementary visions of land change. The results of the study provide highly interesting insights into how both regrowth and greening can be enabled in densifying neighborhoods and what types of green are most effective in providing carbon storage and summer heat regulation. Moreover, gardens, as central elements of the edible city concept, were found to be flexible in implementation in very differently dynamic neighborhoods by providing multi-functional spaces for ecosystem services such as climate regulation, local food production, daily recreation, and nature experience. Results demonstrate that ecosystem services benefit flows increase only in districts where real estate pressure is low. In districts with growing population numbers, green spaces are reduced. This may result in increased injustice in green space availability seeing as we have modeled a recreational space per capita of 〈 9 m² in the Southern Suburb, whereas an increase to almost 70 m² was simulated in the shrinking, prefabricated Newtown. Most importantly, modeling the narratives of the Master Plan in a spatially explicit way demonstrates unused potential for greening in Halle. Thus, we conclude that urban planning should make regular use of such land use alternative to look for hidden combined visions of green and growth in a formerly shrinking city.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 68
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  57,3, Seiten 399-415
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (17 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Blackwell
    Angaben zur Quelle: 57,3, Seiten 399-415
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: dualization ; flexible working hours ; working‐time regimes ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Wirtschaft
    Abstract: Working‐time regimes structure time‐use and (gender) inequality, but processes shaping the availability of flexible working‐hours arrangements remain poorly understood. This study adopts a longitudinal perspective to investigate change in the provision of long‐ and short‐term working‐time accounts by firms in Germany between 2002 and 2016. In this period, flexibility policies became more common, but union coverage declined, motivating the question: Are unions losing their influence on working‐time arrangements? And if so, is availability increasingly determined by firms' agency? Dualization theory implies that while unions have a narrowing sphere of influence, their collective bargaining power remains intact. By contrast, the classical assumption is that reduced coverage leads to a reduced bargaining power. A third line of argument holds that where unions' influence declines, firms' agency driven by factors such as competition for skilled employees or the need to retain female employees becomes more important. Using the German IAB Establishment Panel this study decomposes the overall expansion of flexibility policies in parts accruing to changes in firms' behaviour and changes in industrial relations and labour market conditions. The study finds that increased competition for employees contributed to better working conditions. The penalty for firms employing a high share of women decreased slightly, but not for the most legally protected policies. Erosion of collective bargaining is found to have a small negative impact on working‐time arrangements. Overall, the findings confirm that despite a diminished sphere of influence, union's bargaining power remained relatively stable.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 69
    ISSN: 0042-0980 , 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd.
    Angaben zur Quelle: 60,10, Seiten 1949-1967
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: belonging ; neighbourhood ; public familiarity ; 归属感 ; 邻里 ; 公众熟悉度 ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Urban scholars commonly expect that residents show more neighbourhood belonging, the longer they live in an area. An imagery of fixed settlements thus remains dominant in a rapidly changing world. Recent research challenged classic assumptions but the alternative of elective belonging hardly differentiated between symbolic and practical neighbourhood use. As belonging is performatively maintained, this differentiation may be needed. What defines residents’ belonging in a neighbourhood in digital mobile times? Does length of residence alone result in place-based practices, familiarity with other people and ultimately in more belonging? Our analyses of survey-data from four Berlin neighbourhoods show that length of residence correlates with belonging, but not in a simple linear way. The use of infrastructure and especially public familiarity, which depends on the settlement as specific historical configuration, affect this relationship.
    Abstract: 城市学者普遍认为,居民在一个地区居住的时间越长,就越有邻里归属感。因此,固定定居点的意象在瞬息万变的世界中仍然占主导地位。最近的研究对经典假设提出了质疑,但选择性归属的替代方案 几乎没有区分象征性和实际的邻里功能。由于归属感是通过行动来维持的,因此可能需要对它们进行区分。在数字化、移动化时代,如何定义居民对社区的归属感?仅仅长时间的居住就会带来基于地方的实践、与他人的熟悉并最终带来更多的归属感?我们对柏林四个街区的调查数据进行了分析,发现居住时间长短与归属感相关,但并非以简单的线性方式相关。基础设施的使用,尤其是公众熟悉度,会影响这种关系。而公众熟悉度取决于作为特定历史配置的定居点。
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 70
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  7
    Language: English
    Publ. der Quelle: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
    Angaben zur Quelle: 7
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Ulrich Beck ; risk society ; individualization ; reflexive modernity ; cosmopolitanism ; methodological cosmopolitanism ; Pierre Bourdieu ; cosmopolitan field ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Current global crises and threats have revealed the growing implications of Ulrich Beck's theory of risk society. Rather than being a theory of risk, risk society theory is more a social theory of the new social world and modernity. Risk society theory encompasses a new social ontology of the social in the era of uncertainties and crises. Beck also proposes the cosmopolitan outlook and particularly methodological cosmopolitanism as the epistemology and methodology of the world risk society. Yet, a close examination of Beck's social theory reveals a contradiction between the two aspects. On the one hand, in the ontological dimension, we are faced with the primacy of the indeterminate and the empirical, but on the other hand, Beck's epistemological prescriptive eliminate the possibility of reaching them. The current article aims to address this incompatibility. In doing so, first, the main pillars of risk society theory, and then the cosmopolitan outlook and sociology are discussed. By criticizing Beck's epistemological apparatus as well as juxtaposing the theory of risk society and Pierre Bourdieu's theory of action and fields, in the final section, the article proposes a solution to complete the ontology of risk society and overcome some of its epistemological problems.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 71
    ISSN: 2702-2536 , 2702-2536
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2022
    Angaben zur Quelle: ,85, Seiten 33-47
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: political imagination ; postsocialism ; decolonial imagination ; failure ; Bosnia and Herzegovina ; Politische Imagination ; Postsozialismus ; dekoloniale Imagination ; Scheitern ; Bosnien und Herzegowina ; Soziologie und Anthropologie ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This paper retraces the political imagination in the background of an activist-artistic-scholarly project of commemorating socialist heritage in Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It suggests that more analytical attention needs to be paid to the coevalness of postsocialism. As a growing body of literature demonstrates, postsocialism can provide inspiration for imagining utopian futures. However, this orientation towards the future is not all there is to its political imagination. The main argument of the paper is that postsocialist political imagination is an epistemological and political project of re-describing the failures – those of socialist modernity as well as of the contemporary postsocialist moment – in a way that acknowledges disappointment, but still makes it possible to act. With its focus on redescribing present failures, it differs from decolonial political imagination, which is a project of prescribing new models, blueprints, and examples for how to organize reality beyond the hegemonic concepts and institutions that have been developed within the modernity/coloniality nexus. While postsocialist and decolonial political imaginations are interwoven in complex ways, since both are critical epistemological and political projects, there are important differences between them and one cannot and should not be reduced to the other.
    Abstract: In diesem Beitrag wird die politische Imagination nachgezeichnet, die den Hintergrund für ein aktivistisch-künstlerisch-wissenschaftliches Projekt mit dem Namen "Mostar's Hurqualya" bildet, das an das sozialistische Erbe des Partisanenfriedhofs in Mostar, Bosnien und Herzegowina, erinnert. Die Hauptthese des Beitrags lautet, dass die postsozialistische politische Imagination ein erkenntnistheoretisches und politisches Projekt zur Neubeschreibung des Scheiterns – sowohl des Scheiterns der sozialistischen Moderne als auch des gegenwärtigen postsozialistischen Moments – darstellt, und zwar in einer Weise, die die Enttäuschung anerkennt, aber dennoch die Möglichkeit zum Handeln zulässt. Mit seinem Schwerpunkt auf der Neubeschreibung des Scheiterns unterscheidet sich der Beitrag möglicherweise von einer dekolonialen politischen Imagination. Er wird als ein Projekt verstanden, das neue Modelle, Entwürfe und Beispiele dafür vorgibt, wie die Realität jenseits der hegemonialen Konzepte und Institutionen organisiert werden kann, die im Rahmen des Zusammenhangs von Moderne und Kolonialität entstanden sind. Postsozialistische und dekoloniale politische Imaginationen sind zwar auf komplexe Weise miteinander verwoben, da es sich bei beiden um kritische epistemologische und politische Projekte handelt, es gibt jedoch auch Unterschiede zwischen ihnen.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 72
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (21 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Basel : MDPI AG
    Angaben zur Quelle: 19,12
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: sex ; gender ; intersectionality ; scoping review ; operationalisation ; quantitative health research ; epidemiology ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Medizin und Gesundheit
    Abstract: Current trends in quantitative health research have highlighted the inadequacy of the usual operationalisation of sex and gender, resulting in a growing demand for more nuanced options. This scoping review provides an overview of recent instruments for the operationalisation of sex and gender in health-related research beyond a concept of mutually exclusive binary categories as male or masculine vs. female or feminine. Our search in three databases (Medline, Scopus and Web of Science) returned 9935 matches, of which 170 were included. From these, we identified 77 different instruments. The number and variety of instruments measuring sex and/or gender in quantitative health-related research increased over time. Most of these instruments were developed with a US-American student population. The majority of instruments focused on the assessment of gender based on a binary understanding, while sex or combinations of sex and gender were less frequently measured. Different populations may require the application of different instruments, and various research questions may ask for different dimensions of sex and gender to be studied. Despite the clear interest in the development of novel sex and/or gender instruments, future research needs to focus on new ways of operationalisation that account for their variability and multiple dimensions.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 73
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  29,2, Seiten 285-299
    ISSN: 1474-4740 , 1474-4740
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: 29,2, Seiten 285-299
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: exposure ; Pedro Lemebel ; publicness ; public space ; public transport ; Geografie und Reisen ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Developing thoughts on exposure in cultural geography, literary studies, and mobilities research, this article aims to provide a more comprehensive account towards the publicness of public space. What would happen if we assessed publicness not by degrees of openness and inclusion, but through the nexus of vulnerability and complicity that is fundamental to the notion of exposure? To grasp such an intrinsic dualism, our perspective goes towards public transport, where experiences of exposure are intensified by its specific conditions of encapsulation and movement. We illustrate this perspective drawing from the autobiographical chronicles of the Chilean writer Pedro Lemebel, in order to then propose a ‘learning from’ the case of public transport for a rethinking of publicness. Specifically, we argue that exposure provides new insights on agency, power and vulnerability as part of a more processual notion of public space.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 74
    ISSN: 1367-5494 , 1367-5494
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London : SAGE Publications
    Angaben zur Quelle: 25,4, Seiten 1047-1065
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: criminalisation ; drug use ; Europe ; HIV/AIDS ; human ; humanitarianism ; migration ; monster ; prisons ; sex work ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: We use the concept of the ‘monster’ in this article as an analytical tool to grasp a variety of persons who – understood to be criminals in their countries of residence, and living with or thought to be particularly vulnerable to HIV – are perceived as threats from across the European region. Building on the field of monster studies, we focus here on strategies undertaken to shift the ‘monstrous’ towards the ‘human’ along what we describe as monster–human continuums. Relying on ethnographic fieldwork from Germany, Poland and Greece, four case studies examine processes of (re-)humanisation in the fields of migration, prisons, drug use and sex work that emerge at the intersections of humanitarianism, public health, human rights and citizenship. In particular, we propose that these strategies can entail the production of dissimilar forms of political subjectivity, the redistribution of responsibility or vulnerability and a reshuffling of blame within the moral economy of innocence and guilt – strategies that produce particular norms and forms of the human. These strategies, moreover, involve the normalisation or suppression of ‘abnormal’, ‘irrational’ or ‘guilty’ dimensions of criminalised subjects, thereby taming their capacity to confuse or confront societies’ worldviews, and ultimately foreclosing the possibility to imagine a being-in-the-world otherwise. We thus conclude by asking how embracing the monstrous might facilitate the navigation of cultural, social and moral anxieties that leave room for complex and conflicting practices and subjectivities.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 75
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  2,4, Seiten 441-456
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Basel : MDPI
    Angaben zur Quelle: 2,4, Seiten 441-456
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: youth ; labor market ; unemployment ; South Africa ; religion ; social capital ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: South Africa continues to be marked by high youth unemployment. This paper investigates youth labor market perspectives in northern South Africa in the light of data from the Livelihoods, Religion and Youth Survey. In addition to standard explanatory variabless of labor market outcomes, it explores whether the ‘soft’ factors of social capital and religion might contribute to youth’s labor market success. Methodologically, the study draws on descriptive statistics and the estimation of linear probability models. The results indicate that religious social capital goes along with improved labor market success, while there is no indication in the data that (non-religious) social capital or religiosity are positively correlated with labor market performance among the youth in the sample. The social capital created in religious communities seems to contribute to youth labor market success. Further research should investigate how these structures can serve as models for the improvement of government interventions aiming at improving youth labor market outcomes. Moreover, the results are in line with the findings of previous research on spatial mismatches in the labor market and highlight the need for job creation, particularly in rural areas.
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  • 76
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    ISBN: 9789048553273
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (297 Seiten)
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Sozialwissenschaften ; Soziologie und Anthropologie ; Finanzwirtschaft
    Abstract: It would have been hard to miss the pivotal role debt has played for contentious politics in the last decades. The North Atlantic Financial Crisis, Global Recession and European Debt Crisis - as well as the recent waves of protest that followed them - have catapulted debt politics into the limelight of public debates. Profiting from years of fieldwork and an extensive amount of empirical data, Christoph Sorg traces recent contestations of debt from North Africa to Europe and the US. In doing so, he identifies the emergence of new transnational movement networks against the injustice of current debt politics, which struggle for more social and democratic ways of organizing debt within and between societies.
    Note: The publication of this work was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 77
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Berliner Blätter / Herausgegeben von der Gesellschaft für Ethnographie (GfE) und dem Institut für Europäische Ethnologie der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin ,2022,86, Seiten 123-141
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Berliner Blätter / Herausgegeben von der Gesellschaft für Ethnographie (GfE) und dem Institut für Europäische Ethnologie der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    Publ. der Quelle: : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2022
    Angaben zur Quelle: ,2022,86, Seiten 123-141
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Beer ; chicha ; Chiquitano ; recipes ; maize ; materiality ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Soziologie und Anthropologie
    Abstract: There are products that nourish the body and soul, are present daily and resist most structural transformations over time. One is maize beer or chicha in the South American continent. This paper provides a diachronic perspective on the elaboration and consumption of chicha in the lowlands of Bolivia, specifically among the Chiquitanos. This analysis highlights both alterations and constancy in the ingredients, processing and materialities involved in production of this beverage. Although a diversity of preparation techniques is used according to the culinary practices and recipes of each ethnic group, there is one important constant, namely the drink’s gustatory, symbolic and ritual importance. In this way, chicha’s domestic production and consumption are intimately related to cultural values and practices, which are decisive for strengthening the community’s identity and well-being.
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  • 78
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Berliner Blätter / Herausgegeben von der Gesellschaft für Ethnographie (GfE) und dem Institut für Europäische Ethnologie der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin ,2022,86, Seiten 105-122
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Berliner Blätter / Herausgegeben von der Gesellschaft für Ethnographie (GfE) und dem Institut für Europäische Ethnologie der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    Publ. der Quelle: : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2022
    Angaben zur Quelle: ,2022,86, Seiten 105-122
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Japanese food ; Berlin ; COVID-19 ; restaurateurs ; Japanese restaurants ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Soziologie und Anthropologie
    Abstract: The spring 2020 restaurant shutdown after the outbreak of COVID-19 in Berlin hit Japanese restaurateurs at the height of the popularity of Japanese cuisine in Germany. This paper explores how Japanese restaurateurs in Berlin experienced this shutdown from March to May 2020. Based on fieldwork in Berlin, it asks whether and how they continued selling food during the shutdown, compares their experiences and points out similarities and differences that are based on the type of eateries, the restaurateurs’ personal migration histories and the degree of their local embeddedness in Berlin. I pay particular attention to strategies of selling and marketing food during the restaurant shutdown via takeout and delivery services and discuss the material culture of protecting customers and staff from COVID-19 during and after the lockdown against the backdrop of Japanese restaurateurs’ perceptions of health risks. The paper focusses on ethnic Japanese restaurateurs because most of their restaurants are small, independent establishments, and the majority was closed during the shutdown. Although all research participants belong to the same ethnic community, their experiences during and after the shutdown were quite diverse. I argue that their experiences and strategies were influenced by economic factors related to the type of restaurant they run rather than by their ethnicity.
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  • 79
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Berliner Blätter / Gesellschaft für Ethnographie (GfE), Institut für Europäische Ethnologie der Humboldt Universität zu Berlin ,2022,85, Seiten 75-86
    ISSN: 2702-2536 , 2702-2536
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (12 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Berliner Blätter / Gesellschaft für Ethnographie (GfE), Institut für Europäische Ethnologie der Humboldt Universität zu Berlin
    Publ. der Quelle: : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2022
    Angaben zur Quelle: ,2022,85, Seiten 75-86
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Central Asia ; decolonization ; postcolonialism ; decolonial feminism ; USSR ; UdSSR ; Zentralasien ; Dekolonisierung ; Postkolonialismus ; dekolonialer Feminismus ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Soziologie und Anthropologie
    Abstract: Since the 1990s, artists, academics and activists both in the countries of the former USSR and in the West have demonstrated that it is possible to look at the ex-Soviet space from a post- or decolonial perspective. However, there is as of yet no developed vocabulary that would address the questions of racism and colonialism from the perspective of the former USSR. Even though anti-racist movements are only now being formed in the region, discussions about racism have long been happening among (queer) feminists. In this article, I analyze how Russian/Soviet history is perceived by queer feminist activists, artists and scholars from Bishkek and Almaty. Based on the interviews collected during a monthly research stay in these two cities in Central Asia, the study opens a discussion about the ways in which the understandings of Russian/Soviet history and current power relations shape local feminist discourses and networks, thus contributing to the discussions on coloniality and inequality within transnational feminist movements.
    Abstract: Seit den 1990er Jahren haben Künstler*innen, Wissenschaftler*innen und Aktivist*innen sowohl in den Ländern der ehemaligen UdSSR als auch im Westen gezeigt, dass es möglich ist, den ex-sowjetischen Raum aus einer post- oder dekolonialen Perspektive zu betrachten. Es gibt jedoch noch kein entwickeltes Vokabular, das die Fragen von Rassismus und Kolonialismus aus der Perspektive der ehemaligen UdSSR behandelt. Auch wenn sich in der Region erst jetzt antirassistische Bewegungen formieren, wird unter (queeren) Feminist*innen längst über Rassismus diskutiert. In diesem Artikel analysiere ich, wie die russisch-sowjetische Geschichte von queeren feministischen Aktivist*innen, Künstler*innen und Wissenschaftler*innen aus Bischkek und Almaty wahrgenommen wird. Basierend auf den Interviews, die während eines einmonatlichen Forschungsaufenthalts in diesen beiden Städten Zentralasiens gesammelt wurden, regt die Studie eine Debatte darüber an, wie das Verständnis der russisch-sowjetischen Geschichte und der aktuellen Machtverhältnisse lokale feministische Diskurse und Netzwerke prägt und trägt damit zu Diskussionen über Kolonialität und Ungleichheit innerhalb transnationaler feministischer Bewegungen bei.
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  • 80
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Journal of African languages and linguistics 43,2022,2, Seiten 139-163
    ISSN: 0167-6164 , 0167-6164
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (25 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of African languages and linguistics
    Publ. der Quelle: Berlin : de Gruyter
    Angaben zur Quelle: 43,2022,2, Seiten 139-163
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: animacy hierarchy ; concurrent systems ; Niger-Congo ; nominal classification ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Recent research looks increasingly at languages with more than one system of nominal classification and first systematic typological assessments of so-called “concurrent noun classification” exist with a focus on cases involving classifiers and gender. We elaborate on this work by dealing with Niger-Congo languages that have restructured their inherited noun classification in a particular way. The inherited system entailing a strong parallelism between agreement-based gender and affix-based noun inflections shifted toward one where the gender system is reduced to an animacy-based opposition while nominal inflection maintains a considerable amount of original complexity with semantic criteria beyond those of the innovative gender distinction. While the phenomenon as such is not a new discovery, its typological relevance has gone unrecognized so far. We argue that such cases of restructured gender systems in Niger-Congo prima facie suggest themselves as candidates for a new type of concurrent noun classification, both from a synchronic and diachronic perspective. We present a detailed description of the phenomenon in the Guang language Gonja and determine whether or how it can be integrated in the available typology. We also survey its wider distribution and discuss some recurrent historical aspects of its emergence in the family.
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  • 81
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  49,2, Seiten 238-262
    ISSN: 0162-2439 , 0162-2439
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (25 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications
    Angaben zur Quelle: 49,2, Seiten 238-262
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: acoustics ; ethnography ; knowledge practices ; architecture ; science and technology studies ; listening practices ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: What sounds and noises does a future building make? How do architectural acousticians listen to a building in the making? How do you measure something that is not yet there? What is the epistemological status of approximations? Following the listening practices of acousticians as they measure a future experience of sound through a mock-up and of noise through an incomplete simulation, this article explores the challenge of fixing sound and noise as elusive objects of knowledge. Based on an ethnography of a building project, we see how architectural acousticians rely on what they call “approximations,” both the inscriptions and inscriptive work used to give traces of reality to future lived experiences of sound and noise that they hope “would be” there. Bringing together sound studies, ethnographies of architectural practice and science and technology studies accounts of inscription practices, the article argues for attention to be placed on the ephemera of knowledge and design practices, which allows analytic focus to remain upstream between the possible and the actual. Situated within the practices of the acousticians, we can witness some of the ways that sound and noise take shape within a building project, grosso modo.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 82
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  International review for the sociology of sport 57,2021,7, Seiten 1157-1174
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: International review for the sociology of sport
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : SAGE Publ.
    Angaben zur Quelle: 57,2021,7, Seiten 1157-1174
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: amateur football ; belonging ; migration ; sports clubs ; field experiment ; discrimination ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Empirical studies show that first- and second-generation immigrants are less likely to be members of sports clubs than their non-immigrant peers. Common explanations are cultural differences and socioeconomic disadvantages. However, lower participation rates in amateur sport could be at least partly due to ethnic discrimination. Are minority ethnic groups granted the same right to belong as their non-immigrant peers? To answer this question, this paper uses publicly available data from a field experiment in which mock applications were sent out to over 1,600 football clubs in Germany. Having a foreign-sounding name significantly reduces the likelihood of being invited to participate. The paper concludes that amateur football clubs are not as permeable as they are often perceived to be. It claims that traditional explanations for lower participation rates of immigrants need to be revisited.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 83
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Sociologia ruralis 61,2021,3, Seiten 638-659
    ISSN: 0038-0199 , 0038-0199
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (22 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Sociologia ruralis
    Publ. der Quelle: Oxford [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angaben zur Quelle: 61,2021,3, Seiten 638-659
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: alternative food supply ; food system transformation ; local food ; self‐organization ; transformative social innovation ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: In the hope for more sustainable agriculture and a stronger connection to their food, an increasing number of consumers participate in alternative food networks (AFNs) characterised by short food supply chains. However, it cannot be assumed that AFNs inherently transform the prevailing system and its respective practices around food. Thus, we apply a social innovation perspective to enable a comprehensive analysis of changed values, social practices and relations in AFNs. This article presents whether drivers of transformation occur in three different AFN models (Community Supported Agriculture (CSA), food co‐operatives (food co‐ops) and self‐harvest gardens) and how participants describe and perceive them in each model. Therefore, we conducted interviews with AFN producers and consumers, before applying qualitative content analysis. Interviewees describe a broad variety of transformed values, practices and relations: Especially CSA and food co‐ops bear transformative potential as their members report a strong reconnection of producers and consumers expressed through social interaction and community‐building. Self‐harvest gardeners predominantly seek individual capacity building and to have access to their own garden. We conclude that AFN participation fosters incremental transformation towards more sustainable practices around food and a respective value system, which can be a part of a bigger movement aimed at food system transformation.
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  • 84
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  9,2021,3, Seiten 394-403
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (10 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Lisbon : Cogitatio Press
    Angaben zur Quelle: 9,2021,3, Seiten 394-403
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: discourse analysis ; diversity ; doing difference ; higher education ; higher education teaching ; inclusion ; societal expectations ; social inequality ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: At higher education institutions (HEI), which for centuries served only to educate the elite, the composition of the student body is increasingly changing towards greater social and cultural diversity. Students’ differences are also the focus of this article, but not with a specific emphasis on preselected categories. Instead, the article asks how students in teaching in higher education (HE) are represented in the print media and professional discourse in Germany, i.e., which categories of difference are constructed as relevant in HE teaching contexts, which are normalized and (de)legitimized, and what is expected of HEI concerning these differences. Second, to what extent does this change over time, particularly concerning the new circumstances of Corona‐based digital teaching in 2020? The contribution is based on a combination of discourse theory and neo‐institutional organizational sociology. Discourses are a place where social expectations towards organizations are negotiated and constructed. Simultaneously, the discourses construct a specific understanding of HE, making visible openings and closures concerning different groups of students. Which students are constructed as legitimate, desirable, at risk of dropping out, or a risk for HE quality? Based on qualitative content analysis, the article shows that it is less the traditional socio‐structural categories such as gender, social or ethnic origin, or impairments, that are discussed to be relevant in HE teaching contexts. The reproduction of inequality and the associated discrimination is hardly discussed. The focus is instead on the students’ differences concerning individualizable characteristics, competencies, or study practices. Even though many of these individualized differences are conveyed via socio‐structural categories, this connection is often not considered in the discourses.
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  • 85
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  The journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 27,2021,S1, Seiten 62-75
    ISSN: 1359-0987 , 1359-0987
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (14 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: The journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute
    Publ. der Quelle: Oxford [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angaben zur Quelle: 27,2021,S1, Seiten 62-75
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Sozialwissenschaften ; Biologie
    Abstract: In this essay, I consider the scales and connections lost and gained as natural history adopts digital data infrastructures. On the basis of ongoing work in the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, I track the relations between insect specimens and their material and digital informational ecologies. Using Latour's notion of the ‘circulating reference’, I follow the insect specimens as they make their way into taxonomies, databases, and digitization apparatuses. In focusing on human-data mediations in museum practices of ordering, describing, and distributing specimens, I show how the datafication of nature makes present conventionally dissociated contexts, including German colonialism. Proposing the concept of a data formation, I suggest that ethnographers have much to contribute in bringing forward the sociocultural and historical specificities and contingencies within data.
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  • 86
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Environment & planning : international journal of urban and regional research 39,2021,4, Seiten 573-589
    ISSN: 0263-7758 , 0263-7758
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Environment & planning : international journal of urban and regional research
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks, Calif. : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: 39,2021,4, Seiten 573-589
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Urban promises ; anticipation ; minor futures ; detachment ; standby ; majority districts ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Cities are promising machines always holding out prospects for better lives, always attempting to guarantee that things will not remain the same and that whatever changes do ensue are for the better. We propose a notion of “promise” not as simply another descriptor in a long line of adjectives about the city. Rather, we argue that the urban institutional landscape constantly generates new promises as way of anticipation, which in turn allows residents to write themselves into select urban operations. This article engages two central districts in Rio de Janeiro and Jakarta to explore how residents “stand by” the promise, not of passive waiting, but as maneuvers of either staying tuned to or as way of tactical detachment from the multiple trajectories which have been conjured up in the here and now. We understand these maneuvers as acts of “minor” future making that rely upon practices and materials that may seem of little use, but which enable a process of incremental small adjustments and collective subversion of urban trajectories of the transitory.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
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  • 87
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Frontiers in sociology 6,2021
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (12 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Frontiers in sociology
    Publ. der Quelle: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
    Angaben zur Quelle: 6,2021
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: East-Germany ; ethnic rivalry ; identification ; islamophobia ; outgroup mobility threat ; recognition ; social identity theory ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: It has been shown that anti-Muslim sentiment is more pronounced in East Germany than in West Germany. In this paper, we discuss existing explanations and add to them. We argue that some East Germans see themselves as a disadvantaged group in competition with other minorities, such as Muslims, for social recognition by West Germans; they are in what we call a “race for second place”. Based on social identity theory, we expect that this might be particularly true for those who explicitly self-identify as East Germans. The theoretical discussion carves out the role of “perceived non-recognition” and “outgroup mobility threat” as important concepts within the conflicts of belonging. We use unique data from the survey “Postmigrant Societies: East-Migrant Analogies” for a comprehensive empirical analysis. We find that factors related to pre-existing arguments – such as socioeconomic and demographic variables, personality traits, or contact – can capture much of the group differences in anti-Muslim sentiment, but that they do not fully apply to those who were born and still live in the East and who explicitly self-identify as East Germans. For this subgroup, perceived non-recognition adds to the empirical models and outgroup mobility threat has a stronger effect.
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  • 88
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (20 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Taylor & Francis
    Angaben zur Quelle: 47,17, Seiten 3986-4005
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: social capital ; social networks ; oppositional culture theory ; adolescence ; SAOM ; education ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Ethnic differences in the endowment with social capital can exacerbate intergroup inequalities. Pursuing this argument, we first compare the educational compositions of friendship networks between Turkish minority and native majority adolescents in Germany. Second, we pick up notions from Oppositional Culture Theory (OCT) to examine how ethnic differences in the composition of friendship networks come about. In a sample of 2,419 students in 74 secondary schools, we focus on the effort, achievement, and anti-school behaviour of peers and the role these play in adolescents’ friendship selection. Results from multilevel stochastic actor-oriented models reveal that Turkish minority adolescents prefer highly engaged and high-achieving peers as friends. Despite these preferences, Turkish minority adolescents’ social networks still provide lower levels of social capital on aggregate than majority members’ networks. We attribute this to systematic variation in the opportunity structure. Our results speak against the existence of anti-school norms among Turkish minority youth. Still, our study supports the OCT’s notion that an ethnic group’s structural positioning within society can result in selective acculturation processes and distinct patterns of social embeddedness.
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  • 89
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  101,2, Seiten 575-605
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (31 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Oxford : Oxford Univ. Press
    Angaben zur Quelle: 101,2, Seiten 575-605
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Enduring and accumulated advantages and disadvantages in work and family lives remain invisible in studies focusing on single outcomes. Further, single outcome studies tend to conflate labor market inequalities related to gender, race, and family situation. We combine an intersectional and quantitative life course perspective to analyze parallel work and family lives for Black and White men and women aged 22–44. Results using sequence analysis and data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79) show that White men enjoy privileged opportunities to combine work and family life and elicit specific gendered and racialized constraints for Black men and women and White women. Black women experience the strongest interdependence between work and family life: events in their work lives constrain and condition their family lives and vice versa. For Black men, stable partnerships and career success mutually support and sustain each other over the life course. In contrast, for Black women, occupational success goes along with the absence of stable partnerships. Precarious and unstable employment is associated with early single parenthood for all groups supporting instability spillovers between life domains that are most prevalent among Black women, followed by Black men. The findings highlight a sizeable group of resourceful Black single mothers who hold stable middle-class jobs and have often gone unnoticed in previous research. We conclude that economic interventions to equalize opportunities in education, employment, and earnings, particularly early in life, are more promising for reducing intersectional inequalities in work-family life courses than attempting to intervene in family lives.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 90
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  10,9
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (21 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Basel : MDPI
    Angaben zur Quelle: 10,9
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: gender pay gap ; gender ideologies ; regional variation ; small area estimation ; multilevel models ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: While research often invokes gender disparities in wage-determining characteristics to explain gender pay gaps, why these gender disparities and gender pay gaps vary across contexts has received less attention. Therefore, I analyze how subnational gender ideologies predict gender pay gaps in two ways: as directly affecting gender pay gaps and as indirectly predicting gender pay gaps through intermediate gender disparities in determinants of wage. The analyses are based on German survey data (SOEP 2014–2018) supplemented with regional-level statistics. First, I leverage regional differences in predictors of gender ideologies to estimate region-specific gender ideologies. Mapping these gender ideologies across Germany reveals substantial regional variation. Second, multi-level models provide region-specific gender disparities in wage determinants and gender pay gaps. Results reveal that traditional gender ideologies are associated with women gaining less labor market experience and working less often in full-time jobs or supervising positions. In addition to this indirect association, gender ideologies directly predict the extent of adjusted gender pay gaps. These associations contribute novel evidence on regional variation of gender ideologies and how they can underlie explanations often invoked for gender pay gaps.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 91
    ISSN: 0863-1808 , 0863-1808
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (13 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Wiesbaden : Springer VS
    Angaben zur Quelle: 31,2, Seiten 145-157
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 92
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Sociology of religion 83,2021,2, Seiten 252-279
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (28 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Sociology of religion
    Publ. der Quelle: Oxford : Oxford Univ. Pr., 2022
    Angaben zur Quelle: 83,2021,2, Seiten 252-279
    DDC: 230
    Keywords: Latin America ; Protestant Christianity ; social change ; missionaries ; community cohesion ; Christentum ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Do Protestant missionaries affect community cohesion? This study puts forth two mechanisms that link missionaries to trusting, cooperative community life: pro-social preferences and social networks. On the one hand, Protestant missionaries espouse charity, and they establish regular venues of social interaction. On the other hand, Protestant missionaries propagate an individualist faith, and they provide an identity along which communities may separate. The effect of Protestant missionaries on community cohesion is thus unclear. To make headway on these conflicting theoretical predictions, we study variation in missionary activity in southeastern Peru. We document that villages with Protestant missions show lower levels of community cohesion compared to non-missionized, Catholic villages. We point to weakened networks as the most likely causal channel and show that effect sizes are particularly large among Pentecostal missionaries.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 93
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (33 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Oxford : Oxford Univ. Press, 2022
    Angaben zur Quelle: 101,2, Seiten 606-638
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: To explain single-mother poverty, existing research has either emphasized individualistic, or contextual explanations. Building on the prevalences and penalties framework (Brady et al. 2017), we advance the literature on single-mother poverty in three aspects: First, we extend the framework to incorporate heterogeneity among single mothers across countries and over time. Second, we apply this extended framework to Germany, the United Kingdom and Sweden, whose trends in single-mother poverty (1990–2014) challenge ideal-typical examples of welfare state regimes. Third, using decomposition analyses, we demonstrate variation across countries in the relative importance of prevalences and penalties to explain time trends in single-mother poverty. Our findings support critiques of static welfare regime typologies, which are unable to account for policy change and poverty trends of single mothers. We conclude that we need to understand the combinations of changes in single mothers’ social compositions and social policy contexts, if we want to explain time trends in single-mother poverty.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 94
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (21 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Basel : MDPI
    Angaben zur Quelle: 10,4
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: female employment ; labor market ; COVID-19 ; economic recession ; unemployment during crisis ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Emerging research on the economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic draws attention to the labor effects of the crisis in the Global South. Developing countries show high levels of labor informality, where most workers cannot work from home and depend on daily income. In addition, the scarce and late state aid makes it difficult for workers to cope with the economic hardships caused by the pandemic. This research explores the employment trajectories of workers throughout the ongoing pandemic in Chile: a neoliberal country with a strong male breadwinner culture and high levels of income inequality. Using longitudinal non-probabilistic data for Chilean employment, this study finds that men lost their jobs to a lesser extent and returned to the labor market faster than women. Likewise, male workers with family (with a partner and young children) remained employed in a higher proportion than female workers with family, and most of these women shifted from employment into care work. The existing literature already pointed out how economic crises can have adverse effects on progress towards gender equality, and the current economic crisis seems to be no exception. Labor informality and low-skilled jobs were highly related to unemployment during the first months of COVID in Chile. These are important variables in a developing economy such as Chile, where around one-third of the population works under these conditions. This article concludes by reflecting on the importance of addressing the present crisis and future economic recovery with a gender perspective.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 95
    ISBN: 9781003031536 , 9780367468576 , 9780367468583
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (255 Seiten)
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: care ; city ; urban studies ; everyday life ; urban life ; social space ; encounter ; Care ; Stadt ; Stadtforschung ; Alltag ; Stadtleben ; Sozialraum ; Begegnung ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Medizin und Gesundheit
    Abstract: Care and the City is a cross-disciplinary collection of chapters examining urban social spaces, in which caring and uncaring practices intersect and shape people’s everyday lives. While asking how care and uncare are embedded in the urban condition, the book focuses on inequalities in caring relations and the ways they are acknowledged, reproduced, and overcome in various spaces, discourses, and practices. This book provides a pathway for urban scholars to start engaging with approaches to conceptualize care in the city through a critical-reflexive analysis of processes of urbanization. It pursues a systematic integration of empirical, methodological, theoretical, and ethical approaches to care in urban studies, while overcoming a crisis-centered reading of care and the related ambivalences in care debates, practices, and spaces. These strands are elaborated via a conceptual framework of care and situated within broader theoretical debates on cities, urbanization, and urban development with detailed case studies from Europe, the Americas, and Asia. By establishing links to various fields of knowledge, this book seeks to systematically introduce debates on care to the interconnecting fields of urban studies, planning theory, and related disciplines for the first time.
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 96
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (86 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Wolfville : Resilience Alliance
    Angaben zur Quelle: 26,4
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: interdisciplinarity ; knowledge ; learning ; reflexivity ; stakeholders ; transdisciplinarity ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Inter- and transdisciplinary research projects bring with them both challenges and opportunities for learning among all stakeholders involved. This is a particularly relevant aspect in social-ecological research projects, which deal with complex real-world systems and wicked problems involving various stakeholders’ interests, needs, and views, while demanding expertise from a wide range of disciplines. Despite its importance in such research efforts, the learning process is often not the primary focus of investigation and therefore the knowledge about it remains limited. Here, we put forward an analytical framework that was developed to assess the learning process of both the research team and other participating stakeholders within the scope of an international transdisciplinary project dealing with urban green and blue infrastructure. The framework is structured around five dimensions of the learning process: “Why learn?” (the purpose of knowledge generation and sharing); “What to learn about?” (the types of knowledge involved); “Who to learn with?” (the actors involved); “How to learn?” (the methods and tools used); 'When to learn?' (the timing of different stages). We developed an interview protocol to operationalize the framework and tested our approach through interviews with project researchers. Based on our empirical results, we draw main lessons learned that can inform other transdisciplinary projects. These include capitalizing on what already exists, addressing trade-offs inherent to different types of knowledge, fostering inter- and transdisciplinarity, engaging stakeholders, supporting a learning environment and fostering reflexivity. Besides the empirical insights and the lessons we present, the main contribution of this research lies in the analytical framework we developed, accompanied by a protocol to apply it in practice. The framework can capture the learning process taking place in transdisciplinary research more comprehensively than similar existing frameworks. The five intertwined dimensions it covers are essential to understand and plan such learning processes.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 97
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (14 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
    Angaben zur Quelle: 6
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: impact ; knowledge transfer ; science-society interfaces ; scientific advice ; research utilization ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Science is increasingly expected to help in solving complex societal problems in collaboration with societal stakeholders. However, it is often unclear under what conditions this can happen, i.e., what kind of challenges occur when science interacts with society and what kind of quality expectations prevail. This is particularly pertinent for Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH), which are part of the object they study and whose knowledge is always subject to provisionality. Here we discuss how SSH researchers can contribute to societal problems, what challenges might occur when they interact with societal stakeholders, and what quality expectations arise in these arrangements. We base our argumentation on the results of an online consultation among 125 experts in Germany (representatives from SSH, learned societies, stakeholders from different societal groups, and relevant intermediaries).
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 98
    ISSN: 1488-3473 , 1488-3473
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (25 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Dordrecht : Springer
    Angaben zur Quelle: 23,4, Seiten 1685-1709
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Spatiality ; Social stress ; Refugee women ; Reception centers ; Privacy ; Resettlement ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This study takes an interdisciplinary approach to understanding the multi-dimensionality of social stress within the spatiality of initial refugee reception centers in Berlin. By focusing particularly on the experiences of women who fled from Syria and Afghanistan, it situates this humanitarian issue within an analytical framework of gender-sensitive and culturally sensitive research and policymaking. Through qualitative interviews with 11 refugee women, the connection between the spatiality of initial reception centers and social stress is explored. This is done by thematically coding the data collected in the context of nine different initial reception centers across various districts in the city of Berlin. The study shows that in terms of the intercultural needs and practices of these women, social stress is triggered by a lack of essential privacy within the spatiality of these structures. However, privacy is not limited to a physical enclosure—it is about having control/freedom over different aspects of everyday life. This article highlights intercultural gaps in gender-sensitive and protection considerations during humanitarian responses.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  31,3, Seiten 253-266
    ISSN: 0958-9287 , 0958-9287
    Language: English
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publ.
    Angaben zur Quelle: 31,3, Seiten 253-266
    DDC: 320
    Keywords: social investment ; gender ; welfare state reform ; attitudes ; public opinion ; Politikwissenschaft (Politik und Regierung) ; Wirtschaft ; Soziale Probleme und Sozialdienste; Verbände ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This article contributes to the study of the demand side of welfare politics by investigating gender differences in social investment preferences systematically. Building on the different functions of social investment policies in creating, preserving, or mobilizing skills, we argue that women do not support social investment policies generally more strongly than men. Rather, women demand, in particular, policies to preserve their skills during career interruptions and help to mobilize their skills on the labour market. In a second analytical step, we examine women’s policy priorities if skill preservation and mobilization come at the expense of social compensation. We test our arguments for eight Western European countries with data from the INVEDUC survey. The confirmation of our arguments challenges a core assumption of the literatures on the social investment turn and women’s political realignment. We discuss the implication of our findings in the conclusion.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  43,4, Seiten 1117-1135
    ISSN: 0192-513X , 0192-513X
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Beverly Hills, Calif. [u.a.] : Sage Publications, Inc.
    Angaben zur Quelle: 43,4, Seiten 1117-1135
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: spousal intimate relationship ; marriage ; fertility ; Iran ; pure relationship ; Giddens ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: The fertility influence of spousal intimate relationships is unknown. Drawing on the Giddens’s theory of transformation of intimacy, this study proposed a hypothesis that couples supporting egalitarian intimate relationships, with a greater risk profile attached to the relationship, and having less attachments to the external normative pressures shaping marital relations, are more likely to have low-fertility intentions and preferences. Using data from a self-administered pilot survey (n = 375 prospective grooms and brides) designed by the authors, and employing multivariate regression models, we found that the lower attachment to external social forces in mate selection was associated with the lower ideal number of children, and those with a greater spousal relational egalitarianism and a higher risk profile attached to their relationships preferred lower number of children and were less likely to intend to have children after marriage. The study sheds new light on the determinants of low fertility.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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