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  • Dordrecht : Springer  (398)
  • Linguistics  (263)
  • Linguistics Philosophy  (169)
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  • 1
    ISBN: 9789402410631
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 488 p. 66 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Argumentation Library 29
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Social Sciences
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rocci, Andrea Modality in argumentation
    Parallel Title: Printed edition
    RVK:
    Keywords: Logic ; Language and languages Philosophy ; Semantics ; Sociolinguistics ; Linguistics ; Language and languages Philosophy ; Linguistics ; Logic ; Semantics ; Sociolinguistics ; Modalität ; Argumentationstheorie ; Argumentstruktur ; Italienisch ; Modalität
    Abstract: This book addresses two related questions that have first arisen in Toulmin’s seminal book on the uses of argument. The first question is the one of the relationship between the semantic analysis of modality and the structure of arguments. The second question is the one of the distinctive place, or role, of modality in the fundamental structure of arguments. These two questions concern how modality, as a semantic category, relates to the fundamental structure of arguments. The book addresses modality and argumentation also according to another perspective by looking at how different linguistic modal expressions may be taken as argumentative indicators. It explores the role of modal expressions as argumentative indicators by using the Italian modal system as a case study. At the same time, it uses predictions/forecasts in the business-financial daily press to investigate the relation between modality and the context of argumentation
    Abstract: Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: Meaning and argumentation -- Chapter 2: Three views of modality in Toulmin -- Chapter 3: Relative modality and argumentation -- Chapter 4: Types of conversational backgrounds and arguments -- Chapter 5: Case studies of Italian modal constructions in context -- Conclusion -- Index
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789402408812
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 1459 p. 264 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Social Sciences
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Handbook of linguistic annotation ; Volume 1
    Parallel Title: Printed edition
    Keywords: Database management ; User interfaces (Computer systems) ; Application software ; Computational linguistics ; Linguistics ; Computerlinguistik ; Annotation
    Abstract: This handbook offers a thorough treatment of the science of linguistic annotation. Leaders in the field guide the reader through the process of modeling, creating an annotation language, building a corpus and evaluating it for correctness. Essential reading for both computer scientists and linguistic researchers. Linguistic annotation is an increasingly important activity in the field of computational linguistics because of its critical role in the development of language models for natural language processing applications. Part one of this book covers all phases of the linguistic annotation process, from annotation scheme design and choice of representation format through both the manual and automatic annotation process, evaluation, and iterative improvement of annotation accuracy. The second part of the book includes case studies of annotation projects across the spectrum of linguistic annotation types, including morpho-syntactic tagging, syntactic analyses, a range of semantic analyses (semantic roles, named entities, sentiment and opinion), time and event and spatial analyses, and discourse level analyses including discourse structure, co-reference, etc. Each case study addresses the various phases and processes discussed in the chapters of part one
    Abstract: Part One -- Introduction -- Designing annotation schemes: from theory to model -- Designing Annotation schemes: from model to representation -- Community standards -- Creating annotations -- Using annotations -- Part Two: Case Studies -- General Corpora -- Treebanks -- Semantic annotation -- Discourse level annotation -- Speech (transcribed) -- Biomedical annotations
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401786454
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 186 p. 22 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Lu, Xiaofei Computational methods for corpus annotation and analysis
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Computational methods for corpus annotation and analysis
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    Keywords: Translators (Computer programs) ; Applied linguistics ; Linguistics ; Korpus ; Computerlinguistik
    Abstract: In the past few decades the use of increasingly large text corpora has grown rapidly in language and linguistics research. This was enabled by remarkable strides in natural language processing (NLP) technology, technology that enables computers to automatically and efficiently process, annotate and analyze large amounts of spoken and written text in linguistically and/or pragmatically meaningful ways. It has become more desirable than ever before for language and linguistics researchers who use corpora in their research to gain an adequate understanding of the relevant NLP technology to take full advantage of its capabilities. This volume provides language and linguistics researchers with an accessible introduction to the state-of-the-art NLP technology that facilitates automatic annotation and analysis of large text corpora at both shallow and deep linguistic levels. The book covers a wide range of computational tools for lexical, syntactic, semantic, pragmatic and discourse analysis, together with detailed instructions on how to obtain, install and use each tool in different operating systems and platforms. The book illustrates how NLP technology has been applied in recent corpus-based language studies and suggests effective ways to better integrate such technology in future corpus linguistics research. This book provides language and linguistics researchers with a valuable reference for corpus annotation and analysis.
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9789400752252 , 128369817X , 9781283698177
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 186 p. 4 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 89
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Kagan, Olga, 1977 - Semantics of genitive objects in Russian
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    Keywords: Russian language ; Semantics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Linguistics ; Linguistics ; Russian language ; Semantics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Russian language ; Grammar ; Russian language ; Case ; Russisch ; Negation ; Genitiv ; Russisch ; Negation ; Genitiv
    Abstract: The genitive/accusative opposition in Slavic languages is a decades-old linguistic conundrum. Shedding new light on this perplexing object-case alternation in Russian, this volume analyzes two variants of genitive objects that alternate with accusative complements-the genitive of negation and the intensional genitive. The author contends that these variants are manifestations of the same phenomenon, and thus require an integrated analysis. Further, that the choice of case is sensitive to factors that fuse semantics and pragmatics, and that the genitive case is assigned to objects denoting properties at the same time as they lack commitment to existence.Kagan’s subtle analysis accounts for the complex relations between case-marking and other properties, such as definiteness, specificity, number and aspect. It also reveals a correlation between the genitive case and the subjunctive mood, and relates her overarching subject matter to other instances of differential object-marking.
    Description / Table of Contents: Semantics of Genitive Objects in Russian; Preface; 1 Introducing the Problem: Structural Case Alterations; 2 Outline of the Book; 3 Methodology, Data and Judgments; Acknowledgments; Contents; Abbreviations; Chapter 1: Non-Canonical Genitive: How Many Cases?; 1.1 Genitive Objects and the Inherent/Structural Distinction; 1.2 Three Subtypes of Non-canonical Genitive Case; 1.2.1 Partitive Genitive; 1.2.2 Genitive of Negation; 1.2.3 Intensional Genitive; 1.3 Reorganization of the Subtypes of Non-canonical Genitive; 1.3.1 The Organization of Non-canonical Genitive in Previously Proposed Accounts
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.3.2 Genitive of Negation and Intensional Genitive as a Single Phenomenon1.3.2.1 Genitive/Accusative Alternation; 1.3.2.2 Native Speakers´ Judgments; 1.3.2.3 Semantic Properties That Affect Case-Assignment; 1.3.2.4 Licensing Operators; 1.3.2.5 GenNeg and Intensional Genitive Cross-Linguistically; 1.3.2.6 Genitive of Negation and Intensional Genitive: A Summary; 1.3.3 Irrealis Genitive as Opposed to Partitive Genitive; 1.3.3.1 Properties of the NP; 1.3.3.2 Verbal Aspect; 1.3.3.3 Second Genitive; 1.3.3.4 Cross-Linguistic Data; 1.3.4 Conclusion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 2: Previously Proposed Accounts2.1 The Configurational Approach; 2.1.1 Bailyn (1997); 2.1.2 Harves (2002a, b); 2.1.3 Configurational Approach: The Shortcomings; 2.1.3.1 Unaccusativity Hypothesis; 2.1.3.2 Not All Passive and Unaccusative Verbs License GenNeg; 2.1.3.3 GenNeg Assignment to Specific and Definite NPs; 2.1.3.4 Further Shortcomings; 2.2 The Empty Quantifier Approach; 2.2.1 Syntactic Approaches; 2.2.1.1 Pesetsky (1982); 2.2.1.2 Bailyn (2004); 2.2.2 Semantic Approaches; 2.2.2.1 Pereltsvaig (1998, 1999); 2.2.2.2 The [+/-Q] Feature: Neidle (1988)
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.3 Perspectival Center: Borschev and Partee2.4 Intermediary Conclusion; 2.5 Unaccusativity Hypothesis; References; Chapter 3: Subjunctive Mood and the Notion of Commitment; 3.1 Subjunctive Mood: An Introduction; 3.2 Farkas (2003): The [+/-Decided] Feature; 3.2.1 The Choice of Mood; 3.2.2 Classes of Propositional Attitude Predicates; 3.2.2.1 Epistemic Predicates; 3.2.2.2 Fiction Predicates; 3.2.2.3 Desiderative Predicates; 3.2.2.4 Directive Predicates; 3.2.2.5 A Note on Weak Intensional Predicates; 3.2.2.6 Subjunctive Mood and the [+Decided] Feature
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.2.3 Subjunctive Mood in Other Environments3.2.3.1 Counterfactual Conditionals; 3.2.3.2 Imperative Sentences; 3.2.3.3 Exclamative Sentences; 3.2.3.4 Negation; 3.2.4 A Summary; References; Chapter 4: Irrealis Genitive: Formulating the Analysis; 4.1 Non-semantic Factors; 4.1.1 Variation in Judgments and Dialects; 4.1.2 Register; 4.1.3 Idiosyncratic Properties of Verbs; 4.2 Analysis; 4.2.1 Property Type; 4.2.2 Existential Commitment; 4.2.3 Relating Semantic Type to EC; References; Chapter 5: Irrealis Genitive and Relative Existential Commitment: Part 1; 5.1 Preview: The Importance of REC
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.2 Case-Assignment and the Strong/Weak Distinction
    Description / Table of Contents: ​ Abbreviations -- Acknowledgements -- Preface . 1. Introducing the Problem: Structural Case Alterations . 2. Outline of the Book . 3. Methodology, Data and Judgments -- Chapter 1. 1.1 Genitive Objects and the Inherent/Structural Distinction --  Chapter 2. 2.1. The Configurational Approach -- Chapter 3. 3.1. Subjunctive Mood: An Introduction -- Chapter 4. 4.1. Non-Semantic Factors . Chapter 5. 5.1. Preview: The Importance of REC -- Chapter 6. 6.1. Irrealis Genitive in Negative Contexts -- Chapter 7. 7.1. Aspect and Number Affect Case-Assignment -- Chapter 8. 8.1. Differential Object Marking -- Conclusion -- Bibliography..
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9789400744646
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 156 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 29
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Frápolli, María José, 1960 - The nature of truth
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Pragmatism ; Semantics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Pragmatism ; Semantics ; Truth ; Wahrheit ; Wahrheit
    Abstract: The book offers a characterization of the meaning and role of the notion of truth in natural languages and an explanation of why, in spite of the big amount of proposals about truth, this task has proved to be resistant to the different analyses. The general thesis of the book is that defining truth is perfectly possible and that the average educated philosopher of language has the tools to do it. The book offers an updated treatment of the meaning of truth ascriptions from taking into account the latest views in philosophy of language and linguistics.
    Abstract: The wealth of proposals about truth and its meaning in natural languages everywhere should open it to analysis and definition, but this book makes the startlingly rare assertion that we can define truth using the latest methods in linguistics and philosophy
    Description / Table of Contents: The Nature of Truth; Acknowledgements; Contents; Chapter 1: Some Preliminary Issues; 1.1 The General Purpose; 1.2 Some Features of the Proposal; 1.3 Required Philosophical Assumptions; 1.4 The Content of a Theory of Truth; 1.5 The Pragmatist Ingredient; 1.6 The Structure of the Book; Chapter 2: Syntax: Playing with Building Blocks; 2.1 Does Syntax Matter?; 2.2 The Truth Predicate; 2.3 The Truth Operator; 2.4 Truth and Identity; 2.5 Adverbs, Adjectives and Nouns; Chapter 3: The Meaning and Content of Truth Ascriptions; 3.1 The Distinction; 3.2 Kinds of Proforms; 3.3 Truth-Ascriptions
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.4 A Classification of Truth-Ascriptions3.5 Special Semantic Tasks; Chapter 4: What Do We Do with Truth Ascriptions?; 4.1 Pragmatics and Semantics; 4.2 Assertions; 4.3 Expressivism; 4.4 Particular Pragmatic Functions; Chapter 5: The Liar Paradox (And Other Logico-Semantic Issues); 5.1 Is There a Liar Paradox?; 5.2 Truth Bearers; 5.3 Logical Form; 5.4 The Paradox; Chapter 6: What Do You Mean by "Redundancy"?; 6.1 R amsey's View; 6.2 Redundancy, of What?; 6.3 Syntactic Redundancy; 6.4 Semantic Redundancy; 6.5 Pragmatic Redundancy; Chapter 7: Obvious Answers for Ready-Made Objections
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.1 Standard Objections7.2 The Epistemic Objections; 7.2.1 Definitions vs. Criteria; 7.2.2 The Causal Effect of Truth; 7.3 The Logical Objection; 7.4 The Semantic Objection; 7.5 Mathematical Truth and Other Metaphors; References; Index;
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400753105
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 207 p. 220 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 92
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Different kinds of specificity across languages
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    Keywords: Comparative linguistics ; Semantics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Linguistics ; Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Comparative linguistics ; Semantics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Definiteness (Linguistics) ; Semantics ; Konferenzschrift 2007 ; Definitheit ; Kontrastive Semantik
    Abstract: This anthology of papers analyzes a range of specificity markers found in natural languages. It reflects the fact that despite intensive research into these markers, the vast differences between the markers across languages and even within single languages have been less acknowledged. Commonly regarded specific indefinites are by no means a homogenous class, and so this volume fills a gap in our understanding of the semantics and pragmatics of indefinites. The papers explore differences and similarities among these specificity markers, concentrating on the following issues: whether specificity is a purely semantic or also a pragmatic notion; whether the contribution of specificity markers is located on the level of the at-issue content; whether some kind of speaker-listener asymmetry concerning the identification of the referent is involved; and the behavioral scope of these indefinites in the context of other quantifiers, negation, attitude verbs, and intensional/modal operators
    Abstract: This anthology of papers analyzes a range of specificity markers found in natural languages. It reflects the fact that despite intensive research into these markers, the vast differences between the markers across languages and even within single languages have been less acknowledged. Commonly regarded specific indefinites are by no means a homogenous class, and so this volume fills a gap in our understanding of the semantics and pragmatics of indefinites.The papers explore differences and similarities among these specificity markers, concentrating on the following issues: whether specificity is a purely semantic or also a pragmatic notion; whether the contribution of specificity markers is located on the level of the at-issue content; whether some kind of speaker-listener asymmetry concerning the identification of the referent is involved; and the behavioral scope of these indefinites in the context of other quantifiers, negation, attitude verbs, and intensional/modal operators.
    Description / Table of Contents: Different Kinds of Specificity Across Languages; Contents; Contributors; Chapter 1: Introduction; References; Chapter 2: Specificity Markers and Nominal Exclamatives in French; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Un N Précis Versus un N; 2.2.1 An Anti-singleton Indefinite; 2.2.2 A Selective Indefinite; 2.2.3 Background and Scope; 2.3 Un Certain N Versus un N (Précis); 2.3.1 Un Certain N And un N Précis; 2.3.2 Un Certain N Versus un N; 2.3.2.1 The Uses of un Certain N; 2.3.2.2 The Evidential Value of un Certain N; 2.3.3 Intermediate Conclusion; 2.4 The Puzzle of Exclamative Nominal Sentences
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.4.1 The Guise of the Surprise2.4.2 A Temporal Conflict; 2.4.3 Some Speculations About Evaluative Items; 2.5 Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: The Interpretation of the German Specificity Markers Bestimmt and Gewiss; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 The Syntax of Bestimmt and Gewiss; 3.3 Semantic Differences Between Bestimmt and Gewiss; 3.3.1 Identifiability; 3.3.2 The Scope-Taking Behaviour of `Bestimmt' and `Gewiss'; 3.3.2.1 Negation; 3.3.2.2 Nominal Quantifiers; 3.3.2.3 Conditionals; 3.3.2.4 Intensional Operators; 3.4 A Comparison to Other Specificity Markers; 3.5 A Formal Analysis
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.5.1 Technicalities: Concealed Questions Under Cover3.5.2 The Meaning of `Bestimmt'; 3.5.2.1 Pragmatic Issues; 3.5.2.2 Identifiability; 3.5.2.3 Scope: Nominal Quantifiers; 3.5.2.4 Scope: Negation; 3.5.2.5 Scope: Intensional Operators and Conditionals; 3.5.3 Technicalities: Conventional Implicatures; 3.5.4 The Meaning of `Gewiss'; 3.6 Conclusion; References; Chapter 4: Pragmatic Variation Among Specificity Markers; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Specificity Marking in English and Russian; 4.3 Felicity Conditions on Specificity; 4.3.1 ThisR-Indefinites and Noteworthiness
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.3.2 OdinR-Indefinites and Identifiability4.3.3 Felicity Conditions: Noteworthiness vs. Identifiability; 4.3.4 Shades of Identifiability; 4.3.5 Crosslinguistic Evidence; 4.4 Anti-uniqueness; 4.4.1 A Possible Answer: Maximize Presupposition; 4.4.2 Deriving the Anti-uniqueness Effects on OdinR; 4.5 Possessive Constructions; 4.5.1 Types of Possessive Constructions in Russian; 4.5.2 Possessive Constructions and Specificity in Russian; 4.5.3 The Puzzle; 4.6 Conclusion and Further Questions; References; Chapter 5: Certain Presuppositions and Some Intermediate Readings, and Vice Versa
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.1 Introduction5.2 Choice Functions and Intermediate Readings; 5.2.1 Wide-Scope Indefinites and Choice Functions; 5.2.2 Existential Closure versus Choice Functions from Context; 5.3 Different Kinds of Exceptional Scope: A Certain and Some; 5.4 The Meaning for Some and a Presuppositional Explanation of Schwarz's Generalization; 5.5 Presuppositions of a Certain; 5.6 Conclusion; References; Chapter 6: Exceptional Scope: The Case of Spanish; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Domain Restriction and Exceptional Scope: Un vs. Algún; 6.2.1 Singleton Indefinites; 6.2.2 Un vs. Algún
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.2.3 Testing the Prediction: Un vs. Algún in Relative Clauses and Conditionals
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9789400759831
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 252 p. 21 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 93
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Studies in the composition and decomposition of event predicates
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    Keywords: Semantics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Linguistics ; Linguistics ; Semantics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Verbalphrase ; Ereignissemantik
    Abstract: This detailed, perceptive addition to the linguistics literature analyzes the semantic components of event predicates, exploring their fine-grained elements as well as their agency in linguistic processing. The papers go beyond pure semantics to consider their varying influences of event predicates on argument structure, aspect, scalarity, and event structure.The volume shows how advances in the linguistic theory of event predicates, which have spawned Davidsonian and neo-Davidsonian notions of event arguments, in addition to ‘event structure’ frameworks and mereological models for the eventuality domain, have sidelined research on specific sets of entailments that support a typology of event predicates. Addressing this imbalance in the literature, the work also presents evidence indicating a more complex role for scalar structures than currently assumed. It will enrich the work of semanticists, psycholinguists, and syntacticians with a decompositional approach to verb phrase structure
    Description / Table of Contents: Studies in the Composition and Decomposition of Event Predicates; Contents; Contributors; Chapter 1: The (De)composition of Event Predicates; 1.1 Subatomic Semantics of Event Predicates; 1.2 Aspectual Composition; 1.2.1 Event-Argument Homomorphism; 1.2.2 Scales, Degrees, Generalized Paths; 1.2.3 The Contribution of the Verb vs. Other Elements; 1.2.4 Aspectual Tests, Coercion, Quantified Incremental Arguments; 1.3 Adverbial Modification; 1.3.1 Interaction with Event Structure; 1.3.2 Interaction with Scales; 1.3.3 Interaction with Temporal Structure; 1.4 Experimental Studies of Event Predicates
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.5 ConclusionReferences; Chapter 2: On the Criteria for Distinguishing Accomplishments from Activities, and Two Types of Aspectual Misfits; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Criteria for the Distinction Between Activities and Accomplishments; 2.2.1 Telos; 2.2.2 The Subinterval Property (Homogeneity) and Cumulativity; 2.2.3 Specifying Temporal Extent; 2.2.4 Entailments Between Simple Tense and Progressive Sentences; 2.2.5 Result States; 2.2.6 Iteration; 2.2.7 Accomplishments Can Have Two Readings Where Activities Have Only One; 2.2.8 Partial Completion; 2.3 Accomplishments Entail Activities
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.4 Delimited Situations Without a Predetermined Telos2.4.1 The Problem; 2.4.2 Hallman's Solution; 2.4.3 A Pragmatic Explanation; 2.5 Predicates with Selected Non-specific DPs; 2.5.1 (Unstressed) Some, a Few, Many/a Lot Of; 2.5.2 At Most, at Least; 2.6 Conclusion; References; Chapter 3: Lexicalized Meaning and Manner/Result Complementarity; 3.1 Manner/Result Complementarity: A Constraint on Verb Meaning?; 3.2 Manners, Results and the Relation Between Them; 3.3 Putative Counterexamples to Manner/Result Complementarity; 3.4 A Potential Counterexample from the Change of State Domain
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.5 A Potential Counterexample from the Motion Domain3.5.1 The Manner Lexicalized by Climb; 3.5.2 Where Does the Inference of Upwardness Come From?; 3.5.3 Transitive Climb Does Not Lexicalize Direction; 3.5.4 The Direction-Only Use of Climb; 3.6 Potential Counterexamples Are Systematic, Even if Sporadic; 3.7 Concluding Words: The Lesson from the Problematic Verbs; References; Chapter 4: Oriented Adverbs and Object Experiencer Psych-Verbs; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Subjective Adverbs: Typology and Ambiguities; 4.2.1 Dispositional Adverbs; 4.2.1.1 Introduction
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.2.1.2 The Manner Reading: Two Previous Analyses4.2.2 Psychological Adverbs; 4.2.2.1 Ernst 2002; 4.2.2.2 Geuder 2000/2004; 4.2.3 Relative and Absolute Transparent Adverbs; 4.2.4 The Manner Reading of Adverbs with a Transparent Use; 4.2.5 Evaluative Reading; 4.2.6 Result Reading; 4.3 Subjective Adverbs and Weakly Agentive Predicates; 4.3.1 Convince Cleverly; 4.3.2 Convince Patiently; 4.3.3 Psychological Adverbs; 4.4 Conclusions; References; Chapter 5: Two Sources of Scalarity Within the Verb Phrase; 5.1 Scalarity and the Verb Phrase; 5.2 Eventive and Evaluative Uses of Half
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.2.1 Two Readings
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Boban Arsenijević, Berit Gehrke & Rafael Marín: Introduction: The (De)composition of Event Predicates -- 2. Anita Mittwoch: On the Criteria for Distinguishing Accomplishments from Activities, and Two Types of Aspectual Misfits -- 3. Beth Levin & Malka Rappaport Hovav: Lexicalized Meaning and Manner/Result Complementarity -- 4. Fabienne Martin: Oriented Adverbs and Object Experiencer Psych-verbs -- 5. M. Ryan Bochnak: Two Sources of Scalarity within the Verb Phrase -- 6. Jens Fleischhauer: Interaction of Telicity and Degree Gradation in Change of State Verbs   -- 7. Kyle Rawlins: On Adverbs of (Space and) Time -- 8. Oliver Bott: The Processing Domain of Aspectual Information -- 9. Evie Malaia, Ronnie B. Wilbur & Christine Weber-Fox: Event End-Point Primes the Undergoer Argument: Neurobiological Bases of  Event Structure Processing.
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400749603
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 301 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in Morphology 2
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Ralli, Angela Compounding in Modern Greek
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    Keywords: Greek philology ; Phonology ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Linguistics ; Linguistics ; Greek philology ; Phonology ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Greek language, Modern ; Compound words
    Abstract: One of the core challenges in linguistics is elucidating compounds-their formation as well as the reasons their structure varies between languages. This book on Modern Greek rises to the challenge with a meticulous treatment of its diverse, intricate compounds, a study as grounded in theory as it is rich in data. Enhancing our knowledge of compounding and word-formation in general, its exceptional scope is a worthy model for linguists, particularly morphologists, and offers insights for students of syntax, phonology, dialectology and typology, among others.The author examines first-tier themes such as the order and relations of constituents, headedness, exocentricity, and theta-role saturation. She shows how Modern Greek compounding relates to derivation and inflection, and charts the boundaries between compounds and phrases. Exploring dialectically variant compounds, and identifying historical changes, the analysis extends to similarly formed compounds in wholly unrelated languages.
    Description / Table of Contents: Compounding in Modern Greek; Acknowledgments; Contents; Abbreviations; List of Tables; Chapter 1: Introduction; References; Chapter 2: Defining a Greek Compound; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Greek as a Stem-Based Language; 2.3 In Search of a Definition; 2.3.1 Single Stress; 2.3.2 Bound Constituents; 2.3.3 Structural Position; 2.3.4 Linking Element; 2.3.5 Semantic Opacity; 2.3.6 Lexical Integrity; 2.3.7 Graphic Unity; 2.3.8 Compounds Versus Syntactic Constructions; 2.4 Summary; References; Chapter 3: Grammatical Category and Constituents; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Nouns; 3.3 Adjectives; 3.4 Verbs
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.5 Other Categories3.5.1 Adverbs; 3.5.2 Compounds with a Pronoun or a Cardinal Number; 3.6 Summary; References; Chapter 4: Compound Marking; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Properties; 4.2.1 Stem-Driven Presence; 4.2.2 Lexically Marked Absence; 4.3 Linking Elements Cross-Linguistically; 4.4 Previous Analyses; 4.5 Morphological Status; 4.6 The Parameter of Overtly Expressed Paradigmatic Inflection; 4.7 Position; 4.8 The Morphological-Category Parameter; 4.9 Origin; 4.10 Summary; References; Chapter 5: Stress and Morphological Structure; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 The Type of Inflection
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.3 The Position of Stress5.4 Special Categories; 5.4.1 Verbal Compounds; 5.4.2 Compounds Ending in a Derived Item; 5.4.3 Neuters in -i; 5.5 More Compound Structures; 5.6 Recursion in Compounding; 5.7 Summary; References; Chapter 6: Headedness and Classification; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Classification; 6.3 Headedness; 6.3.1 The Notion of Head; 6.3.2 Position; 6.3.3 Exocentricity; 6.4 Summary; References; Chapter 7: Constraints, Allomorphy and Form of Compound Constituents; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 The Bare-Stem Constraint; 7.2.1 Apparent Counter Examples; 7.3 Allomorphy
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.3.1 Allomorphy in Compounding7.3.2 Allomorphs of Ancient Greek Origin; 7.4 Compound Types; 7.4.1 -Learned Compound Constituents; 7.4.2 +Learned Compound Constituents; 7.4.3 Mixed Types; 7.5 Summary; References; Chapter 8: Coordinative Compounds; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 What Is a Coordinative Compound?; 8.3 Classification; 8.4 Headedness; 8.5 Historical Development; 8.6 Coordinative Compounds in Modern Greek Dialects; 8.7 Summary; References; Chapter 9: Verbal and Deverbal Compounds; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Categories; 9.2.1 Exocentric Formations; 9.2.2 Endocentric Formations
    Description / Table of Contents: 9.3 Compound-Internal Theta-Role Saturation9.4 Configurations; 9.5 Meaning; 9.6 Summary; References; Chapter 10: Deverbal Compounds with Bound Stems; 10.1 Introduction; 10.2 State of the Art; 10.3 Compounds or Derived Words?; 10.4 Grammatical Category of Bound Stems; 10.5 Headedness and Restrictions; 10.6 Productivity; 10.7 Summary; References; Chapter 11: Compounding Versus Derivation and Inflection; 11.1 Introduction; 11.2 Compounding Versus Derivation; 11.2.1 Order of Application; 11.2.2 Affixoids; 11.3 Compounding Versus Inflection; 11.4 Summary; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 12: Compounds Versus Phrases
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Tables -- Introduction -- Defining a Greek compound -- 2. Grammatical category and constituents -- 3. Compound marking -- 4. Stress and morphological structure -- 5. Headedness and classification -- 6. Constraints, allomorphy and form of constituents -- 7. Coordinative compounds -- 8. Verbal and deverbal compounds -- 9. Deverbal compounds with bound stems -- 10. Compounding versus derivation and inflection -- 11. Compounds versus phrases -- Appendix I  Greek: a brief history . Periodization . Geography - Dialectal variation . References -- Appendix II Greek inflection: an overview . Verbal inflection . Nominal inflection . References -- Appendix III List of compounds -- Subject Index..
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789400744387
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 375 p. 31 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 26
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Tanaka, Kōji, 1965 - Paraconsistency
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Parakonsistente Logik
    Abstract: A logic is called 'paraconsistent' if it rejects the rule called 'ex contradictione quodlibet', according to which any conclusion follows from inconsistent premises. While logicians have proposed many technically developed paraconsistent logical systems and contemporary philosophers like Graham Priest have advanced the view that some contradictions can be true, and advocated a paraconsistent logic to deal with them, until recent times these systems have been little understood by philosophers. This book presents a comprehensive overview on paraconsistent logical systems to change this situation. The book includes almost every major author currently working in the field. The papers are on the cutting edge of the literature some of which discuss current debates and others present important new ideas. The editors have avoided papers about technical details of paraconsistent logic, but instead concentrated upon works that discuss more "big picture" ideas. Different treatments of paradoxes takes centre stage in many of the papers, but also there are several papers on how to interpret paraconistent logic and some on how it can be applied to philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of language, and metaphysics
    Abstract: A logic is called 'paraconsistent' if it rejects the rule called 'ex contradictione quodlibet', according to which any conclusion follows from inconsistent premises. While logicians have proposed many technically developed paraconsistent logical systems and contemporary philosophers like Graham Priest have advanced the view that some contradictions can be true, and advocated a paraconsistent logic to deal with them, until recent times these systems have been little understood by philosophers. This book presents a comprehensive overview on paraconsistent logical systems to change this situation. The book includes almost every major author currently working in the field. The papers are on the cutting edge of the literature some of which discuss current debates and others present important new ideas. The editors have avoided papers about technical details of paraconsistent logic, but instead concentrated upon works that discuss more 'big picture' ideas. Different treatments of paradoxes takes centre stage in many of the papers, but also there are several papers on how to interpret paraconistent logic and some on how it can be applied to philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of language, and metaphysics.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Part 2. Applications ; An Approach to Human-Level Commonsense Reasoning , Paraconsistency: Introduction , Distribution in the Logic of Meaning Containment and in Quantum Mechanics , Wittgenstein on Incompleteness Makes Paraconsistent Sense , Pluralism and "Bad" Mathematical Theories: Challenging our Prejudices , Arithmetic Starred , Notes on Inconsistent Set Theory , Sorting out the Sorites , Are the Sorites and Liar Paradox of a Kind? , Vague Inclosures , Part 1. Logic ; Making Sense of Paraconsistent Logic: The Nature of Logic, Classical Logic and Paraconsistent Logic , On Discourses Addressed by Infidel Logicians , Information, Negation, and Paraconsistency , Noisy vs. Merely Equivocal Logics , Assertion, Denial and Non-classical Theories , New Arguments for Adaptive Logics as Unifying Frame for the Defeasible Handling of Inconsistency , Consequence as Preservation: Some Refinements , On Modal Logics Defining Jaśkowski's D2-Consequence , FDE: A Logic of Clutters , A Paraconsistent and Substructural Conditional Logic
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400762503
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 296 p. 58 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Yearbook of corpus linguistics and pragmatics ... 1
    Series Statement: Yearbook of corpus linguistics and pragmatics ...
    RVK:
    Keywords: Information systems ; Applied linguistics ; Language and languages ; Linguistics ; Linguistics ; Information systems ; Applied linguistics ; Language and languages ; Applied linguistics ; Information systems ; Language and languages ; Linguistics ; Korpus ; Pragmatik
    Abstract: The Yearbook of Corpus Linguistics and Pragmatics 2013 discusses current methodological debates on the synergy of Corpus Linguistics and Pragmatics research. The volume presents insightful Pragmatic analyses of corpora in new technological domains and devotes some chapters to the pragmatic description of spoken corpora from various theoretical traditions. The Yearbook of Corpus Linguistics and Pragmatics series will give readers insight into how Pragmatics can be used to explain real corpus data, and, in addition, how corpora can explain Pragmatic intuitions, and from there, develop and refine theory. Corpus Linguistics can offer a meticulous methodology based on mathematics and statistics, while Pragmatics is characterized by its efforts to interpret intended meaning in real language. This yearbook offers a platform to scholars who combine both research methodologies to present rigorous and interdisciplinary findings about language in real use
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents; New Domains and Methodologies in Corpus Linguistics and Pragmatics Research, an Introduction; References; Part I: Current Theoretical Issues in Pragmatics and Corpus Linguistics Research; Advancing the Research Agenda of Interlanguage Pragmatics: The Role of Learner Corpora; 1 Pragmatics in Second Language Acquisition Research: A Critical Assessment; 1.1 Interlanguage Pragmatics and Its Scope of Inquiry; 1.2 Modeling L2 Pragmatic Knowledge; 2 Going Beyond Speech Acts: The Role of Learner Corpora; 3 Case Studies; 3.1 Data and Methodology; 3.2 Emphatic Do; 3.3 Demonstrative Clefts
    Description / Table of Contents: 4 ConclusionReferences; Corpus Linguistics and Conversation Analysis at the Interface: Theoretical Perspectives, Practical Outcomes; 1 Introduction; 2 Corpus Linguistics: Epistemology and Ontology; 3 Conversation Analysis: Epistemology and Ontology; 4 A CLCA Methodology; 5 Discussion; 6 Conclusion; References; Small Corpora and Pragmatics; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Small Corpora in Corpus Linguistics; 2 The Use of Small Corpora in Pragmatic Research: A Selective Review; 3 A Case Study: 'We' in Small Corpora; 3.1 Frequency; 3.2 Family Discourse: Inclusive and Exclusive WE
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.3 Workplace Discourse: The Indexical Ground of WE4 Summary and Conclusions; References; Part II: New Domains for Corpus Linguistics and Pragmatics; Multiword Structures in Different Materials, and with Different Goals and Methodologies; 1 Introduction; 2 Forerunners: Concordances, Collocational Frames and Collocation; 3 Three Methods Exploring MWSs in SLA; 3.1 The Phraseological Method; 3.2 The Lexical Bundle Method; 3.3 The Comprehensive Method; 4 Comparison Between the Phraseological, Lexical Bundles and Comprehensive Methods: Time-Economy and Quality; 4.1 Time-Economy and Quality
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.2 Qualitative Aspects: The Phraseological Method4.3 Qualitative Aspects: The Lexical Bundle Method; 4.4 Qualitative Aspects: The Comprehensive Method; 4.5 Main Points of Comparison Between the Three Methods; 5 An Empirical Study: Two Methods Illustrated on the Basis of the Same Material; 5.1 Material; 5.2 Task; 5.3 The Comprehensive Method: Categories and Inclusion; 5.4 The Lexical Bundle Method: Length of Bundles; 6 Comparison of a Selection of Results from the Empirical Study; 6.1 Numbers of MWS and LB Types in the Four Sub-corpora; 6.2 The Most Frequent MWSs and LBs
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.3 Types Captured by Both Methods6.4 Patterns Captured by One Method Only; 7 Conclusions; Appendices; Appendix A. Lexical Bundles - English; Appendix B. MWS - English; Appendix C. NSs and NNSs: Alphabetical Lists of Bundles; Example: A- Headed Bundles in the English Material; NS: Alphabetical List of A- Headed Bundles; NNS: Alphabetical List of A- Headed Bundles; Appendix D. Lexical Bundles - Spanish; Appendix E. MWSs - Spanish; References; Discourse Functions of Recurrent Multi-word Sequences in Online and Spoken Intercultural Communication; 1 Introduction; 2 What Are Multi-word Sequences?
    Description / Table of Contents: 3 Multi-word Sequences and Functional Language Use
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes
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  • 11
    ISBN: 9789400715189
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 414 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H.L. van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 206
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Schütz, Alfred, 1899 - 1959 Collected papers ; 6: Literary reality and relationships
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Linguistics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Linguistics ; Literatur ; Interaktion
    Abstract: This book contains texts devoted by Alfred Schutz to the 'normative' areas of literature and ethics. It includes writings dealing with the author-reader relationship, multiple realities, the literary province of meaning, and Schutz's views on equality. Never published in English commentaries on Goethe's novel and the account of personality in the social world appear in this volume.
    Abstract: The three essays in this volume illuminate Alfred Schutz’s understanding of literature and literary relationships. The first, “Life Forms and Meaning Structures,” presents such ideal life-forms as duration, memory, the speaking ego, and the I in relation to the Thou. This essay also describes the fundamental nature of human experience, its pluralized realms, the passage of time, perspectival interpretation, action and its impediments-all concepts which make possible an understanding of literature and literary themes. The essay goes on to discuss opera, and the relationship between music and language in opera. The second essay, “The Problem of Personality in the Social World,” offers insights into the unity the social person achieves, temporality, and the role of the body and the importance of pragmatic relevances. This shows how, even before he arrived in the United States, Schutz went beyond his 1932 Phenomenology of the Social World in a pragmatic direction. This essay anticipates Schutz’s 1945 essay, “On Multiple Realities,” by discussing reality-spheres of working, phantasy, dreams, and theory. Reality-spheres are vital for understanding literature, as shown in the third essay, which translates for the first time two Goethe manuscripts produced by Schutz in 1948. The first text, on Lehrjahre, reveals Schutz actually interpreting a piece of literature, tracing the themes of art and life and fate and freedom through the text. The second, a commentary on Goethe’s Wanderjahre, presents an inchoate theory of literature. Defending Goethe’s 1829 version of the Wanderjahre novel, Schutz argues that critics miss the point that readers of literature adopt a specific kind of epoché in which they enter a reality-sphere governed by “the logic of the poetic event,” whose rules are not those of everyday life or theoretical contemplation. In sum, this volume brings out the distinctive character of literary reality and the relationships between author and reader, and invites the reader to derive a sense of how Schutz himself read literature.
    Description / Table of Contents: Editorial Introduction by Michael Barber -- Life Forms and Meaning Structures -- The Problem of Personality in the Social World” -- Two Goethe Texts: “Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre” (Wilhelm Meister’s Year of Apprenticeship) and “Zu Wilhelm Meisters Wanderjahren” (On Wilhelm Meister’s Years of Travel).
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9789400754584
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 257 p. 1 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Linguistics Philosophy ; Sign language ; Developmental psychology ; Law ; Law ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Sign language ; Developmental psychology
    Abstract: This book present a structure for understanding and exploring the semiotic character of law and law systems. Cultivating a deep understanding for the ways in which lawyers make meaning-the way in which they help make the world and are made, in turn by the world they create -can provide a basis for consciously engaging in the work of the law and in the production of meaning. The book first introduces the reader to the idea of semiotics in general and legal semiotics in particular, as well as to the major actors and shapers of the field, and to the heart of the matter: signs. The second part studies the development of the strains of thinking that together now define semiotics, with attention being paid to the pragmatics, psychology and language of legal semiotics. A third part examines the link between legal theory and semiotics, the practice of law, the critical legal studies movement in the USA, the semiotics of politics and structuralism. The last part of the book ties the different strands of legal semiotics together, and closely looks at semiotics in the lawyer’s toolkit-such as: text, name and meaning. ​
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Contents; Part I Face-to-Face with Legal Semiotics; Chapter 1 Semiotics: A Fresh Start for Law; Semiotics; Legal Semiotics; Semiotics and Communication; Roberta Kevelson; Jourdain's Bewilderment; Study Semiotics and Law; Chapter 2 Signs, and Signs in Law; What is a Sign?; Communication; Culture, Law and Medicine; Signs, Symptoms, Names; Signs Merge Law and Semiotics; Community; The Cf. Citation as a Sign; General Considerations; Part II Godfathers of Semiotics; Chapter 3 Peirce and Legal Semiotics; Peirce Elucidates Legal Language; Peirce's Philosophical Texts
    Description / Table of Contents: From Philosophy to Semiotics to LawReading Peirce; Why Lawyers Read Peirce; Peirce Foundational for Law; The General and the Particular; Chapter 4 Greimas, Law, Discourse and Interpretative Squares: The Precursor De Saussure; The Precursor: De Saussure; The Language Circuit in Operation; The Arbitrary Character of a Sign; Differences and Other Relations; Chapter 5 Greimas, Law, Discourse and InterpretativeSquares: An Author, his Squares and LegalDiscourse Analysis; Squares and Discourse Analysis; Law and Greimas Squares; Semiotic Constraints; The Structure of Semiotic Systems
    Description / Table of Contents: Series of SquaresA Legal Discourse Semiotically Analyzed; Law as a Text; Greimas and Peirce; Chapter 6 Lacan: The Semiotics of Law's Voices; The `délire à deux': a Challenge to Lawyers; An Appeal to Language; Narcissus' Ego and Me; Das Ich muß entwickelt werden; The Ethics of Signifying; Language - Identity - Reference; Master Signifiers, Master Discourses; Chapter 7 Those Three Godfathers, After All; Godfathers and the Law; Law's Order, Semiotic Path; Meaning Making; Part III Jurisprudence and Legal Semiotics; Chapter 8 Legal Theory and Semiotics: On The Origins of Legal Semiotics
    Description / Table of Contents: Semiotics and SignificsJacob Israel de Haan; Legal Significs; Language; Discourse Levels; Significs and Jurisprudence; Chapter 9 Legal Theory and Semiotics: Semiotics, Theory and Practice of Law; Semiotics and Legal Theory; Semiotics and Legal Interpretation; Two Legal Semiotic Traditions; Semiotics and Legal Practices; Faces in Legal Relations; Names; Faces Function Linguistically; Faces of Justice; Application, Analysis/Assemblage, Engineering; The Critical Approach; The CLS themes; Chapter 10 Legal Theory and Semiotics: The Legal Semiotics Critical Approach
    Description / Table of Contents: The Critical Approach and Semiotic PerspectivesPolitics and the Semiotic Approach; A Lawyer's Words and their Meaning; Chapter 11 Politics, Semiotics and Law: Self and State; Self and State, State and Self; Self and Harmony; Kant and the Semiotics of the Self; The Semiotics of the Magnus Homo I: Figures, Images; The Semiotics of the Magnus Homo II: Legal Language; The Semiotics of the State; Individual, State, and the Semiotics of Anarchy; Individual, State, and Personhood; Chapter 12 Politics, Semiotics and Law: Person and Thing; Persons and Things; Citizens United Unveiled
    Description / Table of Contents: Facts in/of Citizens United
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents -- Preface -- Part I Face-To-Face With Legal Semiotics -- 1.Semiotics: A Fresh  Start For Law -- 2.Signs, and Signs in Law -- Part II Godfathers of Semiotics -- 3. Peirce and Legal Semiotics -- 4. Greimas, Law, Discourse and Interpretative Squares -- 5.Lacan: The Semiotics of Law's Voices. - 6.Those Three Godfathers, After All -- Part III   Jurisprudence and Legal Semiotics -- 7. Legal Theory And Semiotics -- 8.  Politics, Semiotics and Law -- 9. Structuralism and Legal Semiotics -- Part IV   Doing and Saying Legal Semiotics -- 10. The Legal Semiotic Modus Operandi -- 11. Artificiality and Naturalness: The Tyche Deity -- 12. A Vocabulary -- 13.  A Bibliography -- 14. Name Index -- 15. Subject Index.​.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400759343
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 240 p. 5 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 119
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Virtuous thoughts
    DDC: 191
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Sosa, Ernest 1940- ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Ethik
    Abstract: This collection is a major contribution to the understanding and evaluation of Ernest Sosa’s profound and wide-ranging philosophy, in epistemology and beyond. A balanced, fair and critical volume, it offers a sensitive appreciation of his wide philosophical purview, a nuanced assessment of the detail of his thought, and a spur to exploring the linkages between the varied topics explored by the subtle mind of this great American scholar.The papers explore a wealth of Sosa’s academic interests, including his work on philosophical method, the philosophy of mind and language, metaphysics, and value theory, in addition to his output on epistemology itself. It offers, for example, a rebuttal of the counterarguments to Sosa’s reliabilist theory of introspective justification, which itself concludes with some objections to Sosa’s stated views on the ‘speckled hen’ problem. Other authors track the connections of his virtue theory to his advocacy of bi-level epistemology, provide reflections on Sosa’s views on the epistemological tradition, and examine the nexus of his beliefs on intuition and philosophical methodology. This volume is an insightful reckoning of Sosa’s academic account
    Description / Table of Contents: Virtuous Thoughts: The Philosophy of Ernest Sosa; Preface; Contents; Contributors; Chapter 1: Virtue, Intuition, and Philosophical Methodology; 1 The Role of Intuitions in the Epistemology of Philosophy; 1.1 What Are Intuitions?; 1.2 Perceptual Models; 1.3 Factive Models; 1.4 Competence Models; 1.5 Mistaken Intuitions Justifying; 1.6 Virtue Without Intuition?; 2 Challenges to Intuition; 2.1 Calibration; 2.2 Experimentalist Critiques; 2.3 Do Survey Results Reflect Disagreement?; 2.4 Defeaters; 2.5 Arbitrariness; Bibliography; Chapter 2: Objective Value and Requirements; 1; 2; 3; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 3: Realism and Relativism1 Introduction; 2 Four Forms of Realism; 2.1 The External World; 2.2 Supervenient Things; 2.3 Subjects; 2.4 Value; 3 Motivations and Prospects for Realism and Relativism; 3.1 Seeking Viae Mediae; 3.2 Realist Relativism?; 3.3 The Epistemology of Our Commitment to Realism; 3.4 Toward an Ethical Approach to Metaphysics; Bibliography; Chapter 4: The Metaphysics of Persons; 1 Personal Identity; 2 The Nature of Persons; 3 Are Cartesian Souls Intelligible?; 4 Is Dualistic Interaction Possible?; 5 The Explosion of Reality; Bibliography
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 5: Self-Conception: Sosa on De Se Thought1 The Problem of De Re Thought; 2 Sosa's Account of De Se Thoughts; 3 The Token-Reflexive Account of De Se Thoughts; 4 De Se Thoughts and Immunity to Error Through Misidentification; References; Chapter 6: Introspective Justification and the Fineness of Grain of Experience; 1 The Problem of the Speckled Hen; 2 Challenging the Same Experience Assumption: Fumerton's Proposals; 2.1 An Indeterminate Number of Speckles? Fineness of Grain Revisited; 2.2 Fumerton's Acquaintance with Determinables as a Solution; 2.3 Attention as a Solution
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.4 Awareness of Correspondence3 Challenging the Same Concepts and Different Justification Assumptions: Feldman's Proposal; 3.1 Kinds of Concepts and Feldman's Inferentialism; 3.2 Inferentialism Versus Sosa's Theory; 4 Conclusion; Bibliography; Chapter 7: Truth and Epistemology; 1 Sosa on the Nature of Truth; 2 Sosa on the Role of Truth in Epistemology; References; Chapter 8: Bi-Level Virtue Epistemology; 1 Foundationalism and Coherentism; 2 Internalism and Externalism; 3 Knowledge, Performance and Safety; 4 Meta-Aptness and Knowing Full Well; 5 Conclusion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 9: Safety and Epistemic Frankfurt Cases1 The Problems with Sensitivity; 2 Sosa on Safety; 3 Epistemic Frankfurt Cases; 4 Conclusion; References; Chapter 10: Reflective Knowledge and the Pyrrhonian Problematic; 1 The Pyrrhonian Problematic; 2 Reflective Knowledge; 3 Reflective Knowledge and the Pyrrhonian Problematic; 4 Evaluation; References; Chapter 11: The Virtues of Testimony; 1 Testimonial Knowledge and Sosa's General Epistemology; 2 Sosa on the Nature of Testimony; 3 Sosa on Testimonial Knowledge; 4 Conclusion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 12: Historical Reflections: Sosa's Perspective on the Epistemological Tradition
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Virtue, Intuition and Philosophical Methodology; Jonathan Jenkins Ichikawa -- Objective Value and Requirements; Noah Lemos -- Realism and Relativism; Allan Hazlett -- The Metaphysics of Persons; Gary Rosenkrantz -- Self-Conception: Sosa on De Se Thought;  Manuel García-Carpintero -- Introspective Justification and the Fineness of Grain of Experience: Sosa on Specked Hens; Michael Pace -- Truth and Epistemology; Matt McGrath and Jeremy Fantl -- Bi-Level Virtue Epistemology; John Turri -- Safety and Epistemic Frankfurt Cases; Juan Comesaña.- Reflective Knowledge and the Pyrrhonian Problematic; John Greco -- The Virtues of Testimony; Jennifer Lackey -- Historical Reflections: Sosa’s Perspective on the Epistemological Tradition; Baron Reed -- Appendix.
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400748699
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 127 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 91
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. Dekker, Paul Dynamic semantics
    RVK:
    Keywords: Pragmatism ; Semantics ; Linguistics ; Linguistics ; Pragmatism ; Semantics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Linguistik ; Pragmatik ; Semantik ; Semantik
    Abstract: The integrated theory of dynamic interpretation set out here will be a surprise to advanced researchers in linguistics. It combines classical formal semantics and modern dynamic semantics without altering the fundamental paradigm. At the book's core lies a pragmatically motivated notion of a dynamic conjunction of meanings, an idea that is worked out in full formal detail. This is applied to linguistic phenomena that involve anaphora, quantification and modality. The author demonstrates that in each area of application existing data can be neatly combined with new dynamic insights, but more im
    Abstract: The integrated theory of dynamic interpretation set out here will be a surprise to advanced researchers in linguistics. It combines classical formal semantics and modern dynamic semantics without altering the fundamental paradigm. At the books core lies a pragmatically motivated notion of a dynamic conjunction of meanings, an idea that is worked out in full formal detail. This is applied to linguistic phenomena that involve anaphora, quantification and modality. The author demonstrates that in each area of application existing data can be neatly combined with new dynamic insights, but more importantly, there is a genuine further pay-off: the work generates treatments of phenomena that were not initially intended, with functional readings of pronouns and quantifiers, Hob-Nob sentences, and insights into what we now call Pierces Puzzle. The outcome of a decade of work by the Amsterdam School of dynamic semantics, this volume condenses and reflects upon a vital body of research.
    Description / Table of Contents: Dynamic Semantics; Acknowledgments; Contents; 1 Introduction; 2 Predicate Logic with Anaphora; 2.1 Static and Dynamic Semantics; 2.2 First Order Satisfaction in PLA; 2.3 Logical Properties of PLA; 2.4 On the Representation of Information; References; 3 Information Update and Support; 3.1 Coreference and Modality; 3.2 Update and Support; 3.3 Information Exchange; 3.4 On the Contextualist Debate; References; 4 Quantification and Modality; 4.1 Terms and Quantifiers; 4.2 Knowing Who and Believing What; 4.3 Alethic and Epistemic Modality; 4.4 On Situations and States; 4.4.1 E- and D-type Pronouns
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.4.2 Information StatesReferences; Conclusion; Index;
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9789048126149
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 220p. 65 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Argumentation Library 16
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Applied linguistics ; Humanities ; Philosophy ; Applied linguistics ; Humanities ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Logic ; Philosophy (General) ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Argumentation ; Sprachphilosophie
    Abstract: In Fallacies and Judgments of Reasonableness, Frans H. van Eemeren, Bart Garssen and Bert Meuffels report on their systematic empirical research of the conventional validity of the pragma-dialectical discussion rules. The experimental studies they carried out during more than ten years start from the pragma-dialectical theory of argumentation developed at the University of Amsterdam, their home university. In these studies they test methodically the intersubjective acceptability of the rules for critical discussion proposed in this theory by confronting ordinary arguers who have not received any special education in argumentation and fallacies with discussion fragments containing both fallacious and non-fallacious argumentative moves. The research covers a wide range of informal fallacies. In this way, the authors create a basis for comparing the theoretical reasonableness conception of pragma-dialectics with the norms for judging argumentative moves prevailing in argumentative practice. Fallacies and Judgments of Reasonableness provides a unique insight into the relationship between theoretical and practical conceptions of reasonableness, supported by extensive empirical material gained by means of sophisticated experimental research.
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS; 1 Theoretical Background and Organization of the Study; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 A Historical Overview of the Study of Fallacies; 1.3 Modern Theoretical Approaches to the Fallacies; 1.4 The Pragma-Dialectical Approach; 1.5 Plan of the Empirical Study; 1.6 Structure of this Volume; 2 Considerations Regarding the Design of the Study; 2.1 An Outline of Methodological Backgrounds; 2.2 Bowker and Trapp's Research of Ordinary Arguers' Assessment of Argumentation; 2.3 Implications of the Discussion of Bowker and Trapp's Research
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.4 Schreier, Groeben and Christmann's Studies on "ArgumentationalIntegrity"2.5 Alternative Methods; 3 Ad Hominem Fallacies: An Exemplary Study; 3.1 Variants of the Argumentum Ad Hominem; 3.2 Ad hominem Attacks: Fallacies or Not?; 3.3 Organization of the Study; 3.4 Results; 3.5 Discussion; 3.6 Conclusion; 4 The Confrontation Stage: The Freedom Rule; 4.1 The Freedom Rule; 4.2 The Argumentum Ad Baculum, the ArgumentumAd Misericordiam, Declaring a Standpoint Tabooor Sacrosanct
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.3 Judging About the Reasonableness or Unreasonablenessof Discussion Moves with and Without Violation of the FreedomRule4.4 Results; 4.5 Politeness as an Alternative Explanation; 4.6 The Loadedness of the Standpoint; 4.7 Cultural Differences and the Freedom Rule; 4.8 Conclusions; 5 The Opening Stage: The Obligation-to-Defend Rule (I); 5.1 The Obligation-to-Defend Rule in Non-mixed Disputes; 5.2 The Burden of Proof: Onus Probandi; 5.3 Shifting the Burden of Proof; 5.4 Evading the Burden of Proof: Presenting the Standpointas Self-Evident
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.5 Evading the Burden of Proof: Personally Guaranteeingthe correctness of the Standpoint5.6 Evading the Burden of Proof: Immunizing a Standpoint AgainstCriticism; 5.7 Conclusions; 6 The Opening Stage: The Obligation-to-Defend (II); 6.1 The Burden of Proof in Mixed Differences of Opinion; 6.2 The Sequential Problem in Mixed Differences of Opinion; 6.3 The Presumption Principle and the Sequential Problem in MixedDifferences of Opinion; 6.4 The Role of Presumptions in Shifting and Evading the Burden ofProof
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.5 Explicit Verbal Indicators as to the Presumption Principle and Evading the Burden of Proof6.6 The Sequential Order Rule Versus the Obligation-to-Defend Rule; 6.7 Conclusions; 7 The Argumentation Stage: The Argument Scheme Rule; 7.1 Overview of Rules for the Argumentation Stage; 7.2 Argument Schemes, Critical Questions and Types of Fallacies; 7.3 The Argumentum Ad Consequentiam; 7.4 The Argumentum Ad Populum; 7.5 The Fallacy of the Slippery Slope; 7.6 The Fallacy of False Analogy; 7.7 Conclusions; 8 The Concluding Stage: The Concluding Rule; 8.1 The Concluding Rule
    Description / Table of Contents: 8.2 Violations of the Concluding Rule
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402064975
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 72
    DDC: 400
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Comparative linguistics ; Grammar, Comparative and general ; Semantics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Konferenzschrift 2004 ; Subjekt ; Markiertheit ; Nominalphrase
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  • 17
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402065484
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 73
    DDC: 497.9555
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Indic philology ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Hochschulschrift ; Nootka-Sprache ; Affigierung ; Morphosyntax
    Abstract: This book examines the problem of linearization from a new perspective: that of the linearization of affixes. The author's driving proposition is that affixation provides a means of satisfying the universal requirement to linearize linguistic outputs. This proposition is tested using original data from Nuu-chah-nulth ('Nootka'; Wakashan family), an endangered Amerindian language that is remarkable for its complex morphology.
    Abstract: "The linearization of syntactic constructs stands at the forefront of current research on the syntax-phonology interface. This book examines the problem of linearization from a new perspective: that of the linearization of affixes. The driving proposal of this book is that affixation provides a means of satisfying the universal requirement that linguistic outputs be linearized. This hypothesis is tested against extensive original data from Nuu-chah-nulth (""Nootka"", Wakashan family), an endangered Amerindian language remarkable for its complex morphology. This volume introduces typologically rare affixation effects to current theoretical debates surrounding the division of labour between the modules of the grammar."
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Introduction; PF Incorporation; Clausal Architecture of Nuu-chah-nulth; Nominal Complements of Affixal Predicates; Verbal Complements of Affixal Predicates; Implications; Back Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9781402053207
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 340
    Keywords: Philosophy of law ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Rechtssystem ; Semiotik
    Abstract: The study of legal semiotics emphasizes the contingency and fluidity of legal concepts and stresses the existence of overlapping, competing and coexisting legal discourses. New problems, changing power structures and societal norms and new faces of injustice - all these force reconsideration, reformulation and even replacement of established doctrines. This book focuses on the application of law in a wide variety of contexts, including international politics and diplomatic practice.
    Abstract: "Legal semiotics emphasizes the contingency and fluidity of legal concepts and stresses the existence of overlapping, competing and coexisting legal discourses. In response to new problems, changing power structures, changing societal norms and new faces of injustice established doctrines are reconsidered, reformulated and partly replaced by competing doctrines and hypotheses. Given the relative indeterminacy of law, it is no surprise that the problem of interpretation has always been one of the focal points of attention for legal semiotics. Who has the power to define words and concepts? Who can successfully assume the power to speak on behalf of the legal community? Which methods are used to justify the power to define? This book discusses the questions mentioned above from three, related perspectives: Legal theory (Part I). This part discusses how more traditional approaches have dealt with the problem of legal interpretation and indeterminacy, questions the methods applied in traditional legal theory and offers new theoretical tools to understand the problem of legal interpretation. Judicial reasoning (Part II). The insights discussed in Part I are refined using legal semiotics, speech act theory and rhetorics and applied to the legal reasoning of courts and tribunals either in common law and civil law traditions. Application of law in politics and diplomatic practice (Part III). Traditionally, the study of legal reasoning has focussed on the application of law by courts and tribunals. However, legal reasoning also takes place outside the courtroom and takes up in the political and diplomatic arena. Who is included and excluded by particular conceptions of law? How does law deal with the phenomenon of interculturality? ""Combining theoretical inspiration with a keen interest in case law, this volume will appeal to scholars and students of legal theory, jurisprudence, legal anthropology, postcolonial studies, indeed to anyone who's interested in problems of interpretation in legal and political theory and practice. It should also come in very handy in the classroom.""Ronnie Lippens, Professor of Criminology, Keele University."
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Law as Fact, Law as Fiction; Lexical Indeterminacy; Topical Jurisprudence; Legal Speech Acts as Intersubjective Communicative Action; Who needs Fact when you've got Narrative? The Case of P,C&S vs. United Kingdom; Taking Facts Seriously; Transforming Ambiguity into Vagueness in Legal Interpretation; The Inclusive/Exclusive Nation; Global Values and Floating Borders in the Brazilian Amazon; Landmarks for Aboriginal Law in Australia; Back Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 205-219) , Selected papers presented at the 2004 International Roundtable for the Semiotics of Law in Lyon , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 19
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402057847
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics 37
    DDC: 404.2083
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Psycholinguistics ; Applied linguistics ; Germanic languages ; Romance languages ; Beispielsammlung ; Kind ; Zweisprachigkeit ; Sprachwechsel ; Deutsch ; Sprachwechsel ; Italienisch
    Abstract: This volume demonstrates that mixed utterances in young bilinguals can be analyzed in the same way as adult code-switching. It provides new insights not only in the field of code-switching and of language mixing in young bilinguals, but also in issues concerning general questions on linguistic theory which are difficult to be answered with monolingual data.
    Abstract: The goal of this volume is to prove that mixed utterances in young bilinguals can be analyzed in the same way as adult code-switching. Analyzing a rich corpus of spontaneous child data, the author provides detailed empirical evidence for latest minimalist assumptions on the architecture of mind and confirms that code-switching is only constrained by the two grammars of the languages involved. The data show that the quantity of mixing in children depends on an individual choice rather than on language development, language dominance, or other factors. Besides critically reviewing the literature on language mixing in children and adults, this work offers a thorough grammatical analysis of the code-switching data of five Italian/German children. The book provides new insights not only in the field of code-switching and of language mixing in young bilinguals, but also in issues concerning general questions on linguistic theory which are difficult to be answered with monolingual data.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Bilingualism and Bilingual First Language Acquisition; Early mixing; The theoretical framework; Code-switching; Data; The analysis of early mixing; The analysis of code-switching; Findings and conclusions; Back Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9781402061042
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library 41
    DDC: 121
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    Keywords: Ontology ; Science medicine_xOntology ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; medicine Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Searle, John R. 1932- ; Gesellschaft ; Ontologie
    Abstract: Ten original essays examine the central themes of John Searle's ontology of society. Written by an international team of philosophers and social scientists, the essays contribute to a deeper understanding of Searle's work. Moreover, these essays open the door to new approaches to addressing fundamental questions about social phenomena. This book also features a new essay by Searle himself that summarizes and further develops his work.
    Abstract: This book includes ten original essays in three parts that critically examine central themes of John Searle s ontology of society, as well as a new essay by Searle that summarizes and further develops his work in that area. Part I (Aspects of Collective Intentionality) examines the account of collective intention and action underlying Searle s analysis of social and institutional facts, with special emphasis on how that account relates to the dispute between individualism and anti-individualism in the analysis of social behaviour, and to the opposition between internalism and externalism in the analysis of intentionality. Part II (From Intentions to Institutions: Development and Evolution) scrutinizes the ontogenetic and phylogenetic credentials of Searle s view that, unlike other kinds of social facts, institutional facts are uniquely human, and develops original suggestions concerning their place in human evolution and development. Part III (Aspects of Institutional Reality) focuses on Searle s claim that institutional facts owe their existence to the collective acceptance of constitutive rules whose effect is the creation of deontic powers, and examines central issues relevant to its assessment (among others, the status of the distinction between regulative and constitutive rules, the significance of the distinction between brute and deontic powers, and the issue of the logical derivability of normative from descriptive propositions, and the import of the difference between moral and non-moral normative principles).
    Description / Table of Contents: pt. 1. Aspects of collective intentionalitypt. 2. From intentions to institutions : development and evolution -- pt. 3. Aspects of institutional reality.
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  • 21
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402059582
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 83
    DDC: 401/.43/0285
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Artificial intelligence ; Translators (Computer programs) ; Computational linguistics ; Semantics
    Abstract: This book provides an in-depth view of the current issues, problems and approaches in the computation of meaning as expressed in language. Aimed at linguists, computer scientists, and logicians with an interest in the computation of meaning, this book focuses on two main topics in recent research in computational semantics. The first topic is the definition and use of underspecified semantic representations, i.e. formal structures that represent part of the meaning of a linguistic object while leaving other parts unspecified. The second topic discussed is semantic annotation. Annotated corpora have become an indispensable resource both for linguists and for developers of language and speech technology, especially when used in combination with machine learning methods. The annotation in corpora has only marginally addressed semantic information, however, since semantic annotation methodologies are still in their infancy. This book discusses the development and application of such methodologies.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9781402061226
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Collection Fondée Par H.L. Van Breda Et Publiée Sous Le Patronage Des Centres D'Archives-Husserl 183
    DDC: 320.01
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    Keywords: Ethics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Political science Linguistics_xOntology ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Lévinas, Emmanuel 1906-1995 ; Philosophie
    Abstract: Ernst Wolff
    Abstract: Emmanuel Lévinas est le philosophe de la non-indifférence; il nest en aucune sorte un philosophe indifférent. Son inquiétude personnelle et engagement politique ont trouvé une expression philosophique dans une quête à deux versants. Dans le versant ontologique, il cherche à montrer que même si lhomme est lévénement de compréhension de lêtre, tout lhomme et toute signification ne se réduisent pas à la compréhension de lêtre seul. Dans le versant politique, il sinterroge sur la possibilité de soumettre la tendance totalitaire de toute politique à une recherche de justice qui ne dépend pas finalement de la politique même. Mais ces deux versants nen font quun. La découverte dune signification qui excède la compréhension de lêtre léthique fournit en même temps la source de renouvellement de la justice. Ainsi, par cette double question, Lévinas nous présente les fils conducteurs de notre enquête: une signification au-delà de la compréhension de lêtre et sa portée éthique, que nous appelons «langage» et que nous explorons dans la perspective de son importance politique. Les études analytiques dans lesquelles les notions de politique et de langage fonctionnent comme clef dinterprétation mutuelle débouchent sur une critique centrée sur deux problèmes: limpossibilité dinterpréter la signifiance de lautre et le danger inhérent à la conception dune justice dépassant lEtat.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 23
    ISBN: 9781402062445
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Argumentation Library 12
    DDC: 400
    RVK:
    Keywords: Humanities ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Applied linguistics ; Language and languages ; Englisch ; Konversationsanalyse ; Argumentation ; Diskursmarker
    Abstract: This volume identifies and analyses English words and expressions that are crucial for an adequate reconstruction of argumentative discourse. It provides a systematic set of instruments for giving a well founded analysis that results in an analytic overview of the elements that are relevant for the evaluation of the argumentation. By starting from everyday examples, the study immediately connects with the practice of argumentative discourse.
    Abstract: Argumentative Indicators: A Pragma-Dialectical Study identifies and analyses English words and expressions that are crucial for an adequate reconstruction of argumentative discourse. It provides the analyst of argumentative discussions and texts with a systematic set of instruments for giving a well founded analysis which results in an analytic overview of the elements that are relevant for the evaluation of the argumentation. In the book a systematic connection is made between linguistic insights into the characteristics of argumentative discourse and insights from argumentation theory into the resolution of differences of opinion by means of argumentation.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 24
    ISBN: 9781402058332
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Text, Speech and Language Technology 36
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Translators (Computer programs) ; Computational linguistics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Wilks, Yorick 1939-
    Abstract: Yorick Wilks is a central figure in the fields of Natural Language Processing and Artificial Intelligence. This book celebrates Wilks's career from the perspective of his peers in original chapters each of which analyses an aspect of his work and links it to current thinking in that area. This volume forms a two-part set together with Words and Intelligence I: Selected Works by Yorick Wilks, by the same editors.
    Abstract: Yorick Wilks is a central figure in the fields of Natural Language Processing and Artificial Intelligence. His influence has extends to many areas of these fields and includes contributions to Machine Translation, word sense disambiguation, dialogue modeling and Information Extraction. This book celebrates the work of Yorick Wilks from the perspective of his peers. It consists of original chapters each of which analyses an aspect of his work and links it to current thinking in that area. His work has spanned over four decades but is shown to be pertinent to recent developments in language proc
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Yorick Alexander Wilks: A Meaningful Journey; Metaphor, Semantic Preferences and Context-Sensitivity; Towards a New Generation of Language Resources in the Semantic Web Vision; Information Access and Natural Language Processing: A Stimulating Dialogue; Three Steps in Wilks Work: From Theory to Resources to Practice; Preference Syntagmatics; Historical Ontologies; An Amorphous Object Must be Cut by a Blunt Tool; Homer, the Author of The Iliad and the Computational-Linguistic Turn; Philosophical Engineering; Machine Translation and the World Wide Web
    Description / Table of Contents: Semantic Primitives: The Tip of the IcebergMolecules, Meaning and Post-Modernist Semantics
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 25
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402058172
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Text, Speech and Language Technology 37
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Computer science ; Computational linguistics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Gesprochene Sprache ; Automatische Spracherkennung ; Dialogsystem ; Evaluation
    Abstract: In its nine chapters, this book provides an overview of the state-of-the-art and best practice in several sub-fields of evaluation of text and speech systems and components. The evaluation aspects covered include speech and speaker recognition, speech synthesis, animated talking agents, part-of-speech tagging, parsing, and natural language software like machine translation, information retrieval, question answering, spoken dialogue systems, data resources, and annotation schemes. With its broad coverage and original contributions this book is unique in the field of evaluation of speech and language technology. This book is of particular relevance to advanced undergraduate students, PhD students, academic and industrial researchers, and practitioners.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Speech and Speaker Recognition Evaluation; Evaluation of Speech Synthesis; Modelling and Evaluating Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication in Talking Animated Interface Agents; Evaluating Part-of-Speech Tagging and Parsing; General Principles of User-Oriented Evaluation; An Overview of Evaluation Methods in TREC Ad Hoc Information Retrieval and TREC Question Answering; Spoken Dialogue Systems Evaluation Niels Ole Bernsen, Laila Dybkjær and Wolfgang Minker; Linguistic Resources, Development, and Evaluation of Text and Speech Systems
    Description / Table of Contents: Towards International Standards for Language ResourcesBack Matter
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9781402057588
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 55
    DDC: 160
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    Keywords: Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Konferenzschrift 2001 ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 Logische Untersuchungen ; China ; Europa
    Abstract: In this volume, phenomenologists from the West join hands with specialists from mainland China and Hong Kong to discuss the heritage of Husserl's Logical Investigations. Readers will learn of the early reception of Husserl's Logical Investigations in China and understand how Husserl's doctrine of intentionality of consciousness has paved the way to a novel phenomenological explication of religious experience.
    Abstract: This volume is the first of its kind in which phenomenologists from the West join hands with specialists from mainland China and Hong Kong to discuss the heritage of Husserl s Logical Investigations. Whereas all Western contributors to the volume are scholars who possess indubitable authority in phenomenology, their Chinese counterparts are much less well-known in the Western academic arena. Yet the latters' contributions are of the utmost interest. From them readers will learn of the early reception of Husserl s Logical Investigations in China. They will also understand in what way Husserl s doctrine of intentionality of consciousness in the Logical Investigations has paved the way to Scheler s phenomenology of feeling, to a novel phenomenological explication of religious experience, as well as to the little known young Foucault s tentative formulation of a paradoxical phenomenology of the dream. Last but not least, they will also discover how a young Chinese scholar undertakes a thorough reassessment of the problem of being in Husserl in the light of Heideggerian ontology. With these joint perspectives - Western and Chinese - we hope that this volume will contribute to demonstrate the surprisingly rich and inexhaustible life that Husserl s Logical Investigations continues to enjoy in the new century.
    Description / Table of Contents: table of contents.pdf; preface.pdf; Ch 01.pdf; Ch 02.pdf; Ch 03.pdf; Ch 04.pdf; Ch 05.pdf; Ch 06.pdf; Ch 07.pdf; Ch 08.pdf; Ch 09.pdf; Ch 10.pdf; Ch 11.pdf; Notes on Contributors.pdf; Index of Names.pdf
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402059353
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 404/.2019
    RVK:
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Applied linguistics ; Psycholinguistics ; Language and languages ; Consciousness ; Kognition ; Zweisprachigkeit ; Zweisprachigkeit ; Psycholinguistik
    Abstract: This work has a uniquely cognitive-functional perspective on bi-lingualism. This means that it makes a clear distinction between real world and projected world. Information conveyed by language must be about the projected world. Both the experimental results and the systematic claims in this volume call for a weak form of whorfianism. The authors examine too some relatively unexplored issues of bilingualism, such as, among others, gender systems in the bilingual mind, synergic concepts, and ontological categorization.
    Abstract: A unique feature of this book is that chapters favor that line of cognitive linguistics which makes a clear distinction between real world and projected world. Information conveyed by language must be about the projected world. Both the experimental results and the systematic claims in this volume call for a weak form of whorfianism. Also, chapters add some relatively unexplored issues of bilingualism to the well-known ones, such as gender systems in the bilingual mind, context and task, synergic concepts, blending, the relationship between lexical categorization and ontological categorization among others.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; The Neurofunctional Components of the Bilingual Cognitive System; Synergic Concepts in the Bilingual Mind; Matrix: Schematic Universals. How Many Minds Does a Bilingual Have?; Grammatical Gender in the Bilingual Lexicon: A Psycholinguistic Approach; Bilingualism and Cognitive Arithmetic; The Role of Cross-Linguistic and Cross-Cultural Experiences in Bilinguals' Divergent Thinking; Task and Context Effects in Bilingual Lexical Processing; Representation and Skill in Second Language Learners and Proficient Bilinguals
    Description / Table of Contents: Second Language Gender System Affects First Language Gender ClassificationBeyond Language: Childhood Bilingualism Enhances High-Level Cognitive Functions; Cross-Linguistic and Cognitive Structures in the Acquisition of WH-Questions in an Indonesian-Italian Bilingual Child
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9781402060465
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Text, Speech and Language Technology 38
    DDC: 492.70973
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Information storage and retrieval systems ; Translators (Computer programs) ; Arabic languages ; Computational linguistics ; Semitic languages ; Arabisch ; Morphologie
    Abstract: This is the first comprehensive overview of computational approaches to Arabic morphology. The subtitle aims to reflect that widely different computational approaches to the Arabic morphological system have been proposed. The book provides a showcase of the most advanced language technologies applied to one of the most vexing problems in linguistics. It covers knowledge-based and empirical-based approaches.
    Abstract: The morphology of Arabic poses special challenges to computational natural language processing systems. The exceptional degree of ambiguity in the writing system, the rich morphology, and the highly complex word formation process of roots and patterns all contribute to making computational approaches to Arabic very challenging. Indeed many computational linguists across the world have taken up this challenge over time, and many of the researchers with a track record in this research area have contributed to this book. The book's subtitle aims to reflect that widely different computational approaches to the Arabic morphological system have been proposed. These accounts fall into two main paradigms: the knowledge-based and the empirical. Since morphological knowledge plays an essential role in any higher-level understanding and processing of Arabic text, the book also features a part on the role of Arabic morphology in larger applications, i.e. Information Retrieval (IR) and Machine Translation (MT).
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Arabic Computational Morphology: Knowledge-based and Empirical Methods; On Arabic Transliteration; Issues in Arabic Morphological Analysis; A Syllable-based Account of Arabic Morphology; Inheritance-based Approach to Arabic Verbal Root-and-Pattern Morphology; Arabic Computational Morphology: A Trade-off Between Multiple Operations and Multiple Stems; Grammar-Lexis Relations in the Computational Morphology of Arabic; Learning to Identify Semitic Roots; Automatic Processing of Modern Standard Arabic Text; Supervised and Unsupervised Learning of Arabic Morphology
    Description / Table of Contents: Memory-based Morphological Analysis and Part-of-speech Tagging of ArabicLight Stemming for Arabic Information Retrieval; Adapting Morphology for Arabic Information Retrieval*; Arabic Morphological Representations for Machine Translation; Arabic Morphological Generation and its Impact on the Quality of Machine Translation to Arabic; Back Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Heidelberg] : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402061769
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 71
    DDC: 415
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Greek philology ; Romance languages ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Kontrolle ; Raising ; Generative Syntax ; GB-Theorie ; Minimalist program
    Abstract: Raising and control have figured in every comprehensive model of syntax for forty years. Recent renewed attention to them makes this collection a timely one. The contributions, representing some of the most exciting recent work, address many fundamental research questions. What beside the canonical constructions might be subject to raising or control analyses? What constructions traditionally treated as raising or control might not actually be so? What classes of control must be recognized? How do tense, agreement, or clausal completeness figure in their distribution? The chapters address these and other relevant issues, and bring new empirical data into focus.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Looking Out Over the Horizon; Raising in DP Revisited; The Late Development of Raising: What Children Seem to Think about Seem; Raising of Major Arguments in Korean (and Japanese); Not Really ECM, not Exactly Control: The 'Quasi-ECM' Construction in Greek; Control in Modern Greek: It's Another Good Move; Finiteness and Control in Greek; Moving Forward with Romanian Backward Control and Raising; Agreement and Flotation in Partial and Inverse Partial Control Configurations; Null Subjects in Brazilian Portuguese and Finnish: They are not Derived by Movement
    Description / Table of Contents: On (Non-)Obligatory ControlControl and Wh-infinitivals; Control via Selection; Movement-Resistant Aspects of Control; Back Matter
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402048890
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 216 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Text, Speech and Language Technology 34
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Nivre, Joakim, 1962 - Inductive dependency parsing
    RVK:
    Keywords: Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Linguistics ; Artificial intelligence ; Translators (Computer programs) ; Information systems ; Computational linguistics ; Grammar, Comparative and general ; Dependenzgrammatik ; Syntaktische Analyse
    Abstract: Natural Language Parsing -- Dependency Parsing -- Inductive Dependency Parsing -- Treebank Parsing -- Conclusion
    Abstract: This book provides an in-depth description of the framework of inductive dependency parsing, a methodology for robust and efficient syntactic analysis of unrestricted natural language text. This methodology is based on two essential components: dependency-based syntactic representations and a data-driven approach to syntactic parsing. More precisely, it is based on a deterministic parsing algorithm in combination with inductive machine learning to predict the next parser action. The book includes a theoretical analysis of all central models and algorithms, as well as a thorough empirical evaluation of memory-based dependency parsing, using data from Swedish and English. Offering the reader a one-stop reference to dependency-based parsing of natural language, it is intended for researchers and system developers in the language technology field, and is also suited for graduate or advanced undergraduate education
    URL: Cover
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  • 31
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402043086
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 66
    DDC: 415
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; San Lucas Quiavini ; Zapotekisch ; Syntax
    Abstract: San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec, an endangered and little-examined indigenous language of Mexico, shows a range of syntactic and morphological phenomena incompatible with standard Minimalist accounts of verb movement. This work proposes a VP-remnant raising account for these phenomena, motivated by Kayne's (1992) antisymmetry program. The book also examines the consequences of phrasal remnant movement for negation constructions, and the interpretation of tense, aspect, and mood.
    Abstract: San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec, an endangered and little-examined indigenous language of Mexico, shows a range of syntactic and morphological phenomena incompatible with standard Minimalist accounts of verb movement: verbs and clearly phrasal constituents behave identically in a number of syntactic constructions, and the ordering of verbal morphemes is problematic for standard assumptions of verbal head movement. This work proposes a VP-remnant raising account for these phenomena, motivated by Kayne’s (1992) Antisymmetry program. This work also examines consequences of phrasal remnant movement for negation constructions, question formation, and the interpretation of tense, aspect, and mood.
    Description / Table of Contents: An Introduction to San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec; Background and Theoretical Assumptions; The Syntax of Verb Raising in SLQZ: Arguments for VP Raising; Further Consequences of VP-Remnant Movement: Some Common Negation Structures in SLQZ; More on the Structure of the Left Periphery: The Syntax of Questions; The Interaction of Tense and Aspect in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec;
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 32
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402041013
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook [2004] 12
    DDC: 146.42
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Logic ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Ramsey, Frank Plumpton 1903-1930 ; Wiener Kreis
    Abstract: The Institute Vienna Circle held a conference in Vienna in 2003, Cambridge and Vienna - Frank P. Ramsey and the Vienna Circle, to commemorate the philosophical and scientific work of Frank Plumpton Ramsey (1903-1930). This Ramsey conference provided not only historical and biographical perspectives on one of the most gifted thinkers of the Twentieth Century, but also new impulses for further research on at least some of the topics pioneered by Ramsey, whose interest and potential are greater than ever. Ramsey did pioneering work in several fields, practitioners of which rarely know of his important work in other fields: philosophy of logic and theory of language, foundations of mathematics, mathematics, probability theory, methodology of science, philosophy of psychology, and economics. There was a focus on the one topic which was of strongest mutual concern to Ramsey and the Vienna Circle, namely the question of foundations of mathematics, in particular the status of logicism. Although the major scientific connection linking Ramsey with Austria is his work on logic, to which the Vienna Circle dedicated several meetings, certainly the connection which is of greater general interest concerns Ramsey's visits and discussions with Wittgenstein. Ramsey was the only important thinker to actually visit Wittgenstein during his school-teaching career in Puchberg and Ottertal in the 1920s, in Lower Austria, and later, Ramsey was instrumental in getting Wittgenstein positions at Cambridge.
    Description / Table of Contents: Frank Ramsey - A Biographical Sketch; Wittgenstein and Ramsey; The Vicious Circle Principle; Ramsey's Psychological Theory of Belief; Discovering "Weight, or the Value of Knowledge"; Ramsey's Ramsey-sentences; Ramsey and the Vienna Circle on Logicism; Logical Problems Suggested by Logicism; The Foundation of Human Evaluation in Democracies from Ramsey to Damasio; Ramsey'S "Note on Time"; Philosophy of Science after the Social Turn; Notes on the Origins of Fleck's Concept of "Denkstil"; Hans Reichenbach and Logical Empiricism in Turkey
    Description / Table of Contents: Steve Awodey & Carsten Klein (eds.), Carnap Brought Home: The View from Jena. Full Circle: Publications of the Archive of Scientific Philosophy. Volume 2. Chicago: Open Court, 2004Bergmann, Gustav, Collected Works Vol. I: Selected Papers I, edited by E. Tegtmeier , Frankfurt/Lancaster: Ontos-Verlag, 2003; Ferrari, Massimo : Ernst Cassirer - Stationen einer philosophischen Biographie. Von der Marburger Schule zur Kulturphilosophie, Meiner: Hamburg, 2003 (German translation of Cassirer. Dalla Scuola di M
    Description / Table of Contents: Richard C. Jeffrey , Subjective Probability: The Real Thing, Cambridge University Press, 2004 Richard C. Jeffrey , After Logical Empiricism/Depois do Empirismo Lógico, English edition with Portuguese; Patrick Suppes , Representation and Invariance of Scientific Structures, CSLI publications, Stanford, California (distributed by Chicago University Press)
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 33
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402042461
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas/Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 193
    DDC: 130.92
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Mathematics_$xHistory ; Linguistics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Dee, John 1527-1608
    Abstract: "The career of John Dee has played a significant role in recent historiographical debates about the relationship between magic and science in the early modern period. This collection of interdisciplinary essays, which addresses a wide range of Dee's diverse intellectual activities (including mathematics, astronomy, navigation, astrology, alchemy, cabala and "angel magic"), seeks to enlarge the scope of this debate, as well as presenting new archival and bibliographical discoveries relating to Dee and his collaborators and colleagues"--Dust jacket
    Abstract: "The career of the sixteenth-century English mathematician and natural philosopher John Dee (1527-1609) has played a significant role in recent historiographical debates about the relationship between magic and science in the early modern period. This collection of interdisciplinary essays, which addresses a wide range of Dee's diverse intellectual activities (including mathematics, astronomy, navigation, astrology, alchemy, cabala and ""angel magic"") seeks to enlarge the scope of this debate, as well as presenting new archival and bibliographical discoveries relating to Dee and his collaborators and colleagues. The essays in the volume present new views on the nature of Dee's various projects, as well as the uses to which he put the books and manuscripts in his library at Mortlake (one of the largest private collections in Elizabethan England)."
    Description / Table of Contents: INTRODUCTION; JOHN DEE'S NATURAL PHILOSOPHY REVISITED; WINGS (OR STAIRS) TO THE HEAVENS; LIKE FATHER, LIKE SON?; JOHN DEE AND ASTROLOGY IN ELIZABETHAN ENGLAND; JOHN DEE'S INTEREST IN THE APPLICATION OF NAUTICAL SCIENCE, MATHEMATICS AND LAW TO ENGLISH NAVAL AFFAIRS; JOHN DEE'S COLUMBIAN ENCOUNTER; JOHN DEE AND THE KABBALAH; THE ALCHEMICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF JOHN DEE'S MONAS HIEROGLYPHICA; JOHN DEE AND THE MAGIC TABLES IN THE BOOK OF SOYGA; PARACELSUS, SCRYING, AND THE LINGUA ADAMICA; JOHN DEE'S ANGELIC CONVERSATIONS AND THE ARS NOTORIA
    Description / Table of Contents: THE NEXUS OF ANGELOLOGY, ESCHATOLOGY, AND NATURAL PHILOSOPHYIN JOHN DEE'S ANGEL CONVERSATIONS AND LIBRARYABSENT PRESENCES; IN THE FOOTSTEPS OF EDWARD KELLEY; ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS TO "JOHN DEE'S LIBRARY CATALOGUE"; RECENT WORKS ON JOHN DEE (1988-2005)
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Sixteen contributions, based on presentations made at an interdisciplinary colloquium held at Birkbeck College, University of London, Apr. 1995 , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 34
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402044885
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in natural language and linguistic theory v. 67
    DDC: 400
    RVK:
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Comparative Linguistics ; Phonology ; Grammar, Comparative and general ; Greek philology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Balkansprachen ; Morphosyntax ; Balkansprachen ; Sprachbund ; Morphosyntax
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402051470
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 105
    DDC: 808.397
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    Keywords: Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Metaphysik ; Fiktion ; Entität ; Fiktion ; Objekt ; Semantik ; Metaphysik
    Abstract: This book presents a novel theory of fictional entities which integrates the work of previous authors. It puts forward a new metaphysical conception of the nature of these entities, according to which a fictional entity is a compound entity built up from both a make-believe theoretical element and a set-theoretical element. The author advances a new combined semantic and ontological defence of the existence of fictional entities.
    Abstract: This book presents a novel theory of fictional entities which is syncretistic insofar as it integrates the work of previous authors. It puts forward a new metaphysical conception of the nature of these entities, according to which a fictional entity is a compound entity built up from both a make-believe theoretical element and a set-theoretical element. The fictional entity is constructed by imagining the existence of an individual with certain properties and adding a set-theoretical element consisting of the set of properties corresponding to the properties of the imagined entity. Moreover, the book advances a new combined semantic and ontological defence of the existence of fictional entities.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Committal Theories (I); The Committal Theories (II); The Syncretistic Theory; Further Developments of the Syncretistic Theory; The Noncommittal Theories; The Syncretistic Theory; An Ontological Argument in Favor of the Existence of Fictional Entities
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 247-254) and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 36
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402040689
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Text, Speech and Language Technology 31
    DDC: 415.9
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Computational Linguistics ; Computer science ; Konferenzschrift 2002 ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Wortlänge ; Wortlänge
    Abstract: Required reading for computational linguists, this work contains a series of important contributions to the science of language, focusing on the study of word length. The book includes an introduction to the history and state of the art of word length studies. The studies included unify contributions from three crucial fields of study in linguistics: linguistics and text analysis, mathematics and statistics, and corpus and database design. Together they provide a comprehensive approach to the quantitative study of text and language.
    Abstract: This volume contains a collection of contributions to the science of language, focusing on the study of word length in particular. Within a synergetic framework, the word turns out to be a central linguistic unit, as is clearly outlined in the Editor's preface. The book's first chapter is an extensive introduction to the history and state of the art of word length studies. The studies included unify contributions from three important linguistic fields, namely, linguistics and text analysis, mathematics and statistics, and corpus and data base design, which together give a comprehensive approach to the quantitative study of text and language and word length studies. The broad spectrum of word length studies covered within this volume will be of interest to experts working in the fields of general linguistics, text scholarship and related fields, and, understanding language as one example of complex semiotic systems, the volume should be of interest for scholars from other fields as well.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Introductory Remarks: on the Science of Language in Light of the Language of Science; History and Methodology of Word Length Studies; Information Content of Words in Texts; Zero-Syllable Words in Determining Word Length; Within-Sentence Distribution and Retention of Content Words and Function Words; On Text Corpora, Word Lengths, and Word Frequencies in Slovenian; Text Corpus as an Abstract Data Structure; About Word Length Distribution; The Fall of the Jers in the Light of Menzerath's Law; Towards the Foundations of Menzerath's Law; Aspects of the Typology of Slavic Languages
    Description / Table of Contents: Multivariate Statistical Methods in Quantitative Text AnalysesWord Length and Word Frequency; Developing the Croatian National Corpus and Beyond; About Word Length Counting in Serbian; Word-Length Distribution in Present-Day Lower Sorbian Newspaper Texts; Towards a Unified Derivation of Some Linguistic Laws; Back Matter
    Note: International conference proceedings , Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 37
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402041884
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 65
    DDC: 415
    RVK:
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Ergativ ; Ergativ
    Abstract: The overarching theme of this volume is the formal expression of the range and limits of ergativity. The book contains cutting-edge theoretical papers by top authors in the field, who also conduct original field work and bring new data to light. It contains articles that apply the most recent theoretical tools to the area of ergativity, and then explore the issues that emerge. Languages investigated in the text include Basque, Georgian, and Hindi.
    Abstract: This book contains cutting edge theoretical papers by top authors in the field, who also conduct original field work and bring new data to light. It contains articles that apply the most recent theoretical tools to the area of ergativity, and explore issues that emerge. The articles are written by linguists with expertise in bringing original data to bear on complex theoretical issues. The overall theme of the volume is the formal expression of the range and limits of ergativity. The main sections are on the nature of ergative and absolutive case, the antipassive, split ergativity, and ergativity in languages not generally considered to be ergative. Languages investigated are Basque, Chukchi, Georgian, Halkomelem Salish, Hindi, Inuktitut, Kirundi, Malagasy, Niuean, Nuumiipuutímt, Russian, Tongan, and Warlpiri.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Locus of Ergative Case Assignment: Evidence from Scope; Neither Absolutive nor Ergative is Nominative or Accusative; Eccentric Agreement and Multiple Case Checking; Syntactic Ergativity in Tongan; A Parametric Syntax of Aspectually Conditioned Split-Ergativity; Split Absolutive; Deriving Split Ergativity in the Progressive; On 'Ergativity' in Halkomelem Salish; Tree-Geometric Relational Hierarchies and Nuumiipuutímt (Nez Perce) Case; Antipassive Morphology and Case Assignment in Inuktitut; The Ergativity Parameter: A View from Antipassive; Ergativity and Change in Inuktitut
    Description / Table of Contents: Ergativity in Austronesian LanguagesThe Split Verb as a Source of Morphological Ergativity
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 38
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402044854
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in theoretical psycholinguistics v. 35
    DDC: 401.43
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    Keywords: Comparative Linguistics ; Linguistics ; Psycholinguistics ; Semantics ; Semantik ; Spracherwerb
    Abstract: Contains a collection of writings that focuses on semantic phenomena and their interpretation in the analysis of the language of a learner. This volume addresses a variety of phenomena such as: temporal aspect and tense, specificity, quantification, scope, finiteness, focus structure, and focus particles
    Description / Table of Contents: 'Mismatches' of Form and Interpretation; Watching Noun Phrases Emerge: Seeking Compositionality; Cross-Linguistic Acquisition of Complement Tense; Everybody Knows; The Effect of Context on Children'S Interpretations of Universally Quantified Sentences; Structure and Meaning in the Acquisition of Scope; Time for Children: An Integrated Stage Model of Aspect and Tense; State Change and Temporal Reference in Inuktitut Child Language; Temporal Adverbials and Early Tense and Aspect Markers in the Acquisition of Dutch; On Finiteness; Functions of Finiteness in Child Language
    Description / Table of Contents: Additive Particles and Scope Marking in Child German(Un)Stressed ook in Child Dutch
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 39
    ISBN: 9781402046902
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics 36
    DDC: 489.35
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Neugriechisch ; Fremdsprachenlernen ; Satzerzeugung ; Weiterführender Nebensatz
    Abstract: This book argues in favour of cross-linguistic variation in sentence processing by providing empirical data from ambiguity resolution in Greek as L1 and L2. It is maintained that in highly inflected languages, like Greek, initial parsing decisions are determined by the interaction of morphological and lexical cues rather than by universal parsing principles.
    Abstract: This book argues in favour of cross-linguistic variation in sentence processing by providing empirical data from ambiguity resolution in Greek as L1 and L2. It is maintained that in highly inflected languages, like Greek, initial parsing decisions are determined by the interaction of morphological and lexical cues rather than by universal parsing principles. During the initial parse, discourse-level information is constrained by lexical considerations, which indicates that the human sentence processor is a multi-stage mechanism. The L2 data show that parsing preferences are not totally determined by frequency records and that L2 sentence processing is mainly guided by lexical information and less so by other sources of information.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Sentence Processing Models; Aspects of the Grammar of Greek; RC Attachment Preferences in Isolated Sentences; Context Effects in RC Attachment Preferences; Ambiguity Resolution Strategies in a Second Language; Conclusion
    Note: Based on a Ph.D. thesis--University of Essex, 2002 , Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 40
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402047466
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Text, speech, and language technology
    DDC: 006.54
    Keywords: Computational Linguistics ; Linguistics ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Text processing (Computer science ; Information storage and retrieval systems ; Digitale Sprachverarbeitung ; Frage-Antwort-System
    Abstract: "This new Springer volume provides a comprehensive and detailed look at current approaches to automated question answering. The level of presentation is suitable for newcomers to the field as well as for professionals wishing to study this area and/or to build practical QA systems. The book can serve as a ""how-to"" handbook for IT practitioners and system developers. It can also be used to teach graduate courses in Computer Science, Information Science and related disciplines."
    Abstract: Automated question answering - the ability of a machine to answer questions, simple or complex, posed in ordinary human language - is one of the most exciting technological developments. This book looks at the various approaches to automated question answering. It serves as a "how-to" handbook for IT practitioners and system developers
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Some Advanced Features of LCC's Poweranswer; A Statistical Approach For Open Domain Question Answering; Coreference in Q&A; Questions and Intentions; Question Answering as Dialogue with Data; Coping With Alternate Formulations of Questions And Answers; Sentence Ranking Using Keywords and Meta-Keywords; Question Answering By Passage Selection; Query Modulation For Web-Based Question Answering; Question Answering by Predictive Annotation; Question Answering Supported By Multiple Levels Of Information Extraction; How to Select an Answer String?
    Description / Table of Contents: Evaluating Question Answering System PerformanceEvaluating Interactive Question Answering; Habitability in Question-Answering Systems; Question Answering: Technology for Intelligence Analysis; Reverse-Engineering Question/Answer Collections From Ordinary Text; New Directions in Question Answering; Back Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9781402037290
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Synthese library v. 329
    RVK:
    Keywords: Logic ; Pragmatism ; Semantics ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Mathematics ; Peirce, Charles S. 1839-1914 ; Spieltheorie ; Sprachphilosophie ; Zeichen ; Kommunikation ; Sprachphilosophie ; Zeichen ; Peirce, Charles S. 1839-1914 ; Semiotik ; Logik
    Abstract: Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914) was one of the United States' most original and profound thinkers, and a prolific writer. Peirce's game theory-based approaches to the semantics and pragmatics of signs and language, to the theory of communication, and to the evolutionary emergence of signs, provide a toolkit for contemporary scholars and philosophers. Drawing on unpublished manuscripts, the book offers a rich, fresh picture of the achievements of a remarkable man.
    Abstract: Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914), the principal subject of this book, was one of the most profound and prolific thinkers and scientists to have come out of the United States. His pragmatic logic and scientific methodology largely represent the application of interactive and intercommunicative triadic processes, best viewed as strategic and dialogic conceptualisations of logical aspects of thought, reasoning and action. These viewpoints also involve pragmatic issues in communicating linguistic signs, and are unified in his diagrammatic logic of existential graphs. The various game-theoretic approaches to the semantics and pragmatics of signs and language, to the theory of communication, and to the evolutionary emergence of signs, provide a contemporary toolkit, the relevance of which Peirce envisioned to a wondrous extent. This work sheds considerable new light on these and other aspects of Peirce s philosophy and his pragmatic theory of meaning. Many of his most significant writings in this context reflect his later thinking, covering roughly the last 15-20 years of his life, and they are still unpublished. Drawing comprehensively from his unpublished manuscripts, the book offers a fresh and rich picture of this remarkable man s original involvement with logical aspects of thought in action.
    Description / Table of Contents: An introduction to peirce's logic and semeiotics; From pragmatism to the pragmatics of communication; Peirce's game-theoretic ideas in logic; Moving pictures of thought I; Moving pictures of thought II; Existence, constructivism, models, modalities; Spiel-trieb operationalised: semantic games in logic and language; Logic, language games and ludics; Dialogue foundations and informal logic; Games as formal tools versus games as explanations; The evolution of semantics and language games for meaning; Common ground, relevance and other notions of pragmatics: from peirce to grice and beyond
    Description / Table of Contents: Peirce's theory of communication and its contemporary relevanceGames VIS-À-VIS multi-agent systems: a peircean manifesto; Final words
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 465-484) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 42
    ISBN: 9781402042997
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: SYNTHESE LIBRARY 334
    DDC: 146.42
    RVK:
    Keywords: Logic ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Biografie ; Bibliografie ; Notwendigkeit ; Synthetisches Urteil ; Analytizität ; Logik ; Formale Semantik ; Pap, Arthur 1921-1959 ; Pap, Arthur 1921-1959 ; Neopositivismus
    Abstract: This volume collects some of the most significant papers of Arthur Pap. Pap's work played an important role in the development of the analytic tradition. This goes beyond the merely historical fact of Pap's influential views of dispositional and modal concepts. Pap's writings in philosophy of science, modality, and philosophy of mathematics provide insightful alternative perspectives on philosophical problems of current interest.
    Abstract: Arthur Pap s work played an important role in the development of the analytic tradition. This role goes beyond the merely historical fact that Pap s views of dispositional and modal concepts were influential. As a sympathetic critic of logical empiricism, Pap, like Quine, saw a deep tension in logical empiricism at its very best in the work of Carnap. But Pap s critique of Carnap is quite different from Quine s, and represents the discovery of limits beyond which empiricism cannot go, where there lies nothing other than intuitive knowledge of logic itself. Pap s arguments for this intuitive knowledge anticipate Etchemendy s recent critique of the model-theoretic account of logical consequence. Pap s work also anticipates prominent developments in the contemporary neo-Fregean philosophy of mathematics championed by Wright and Hale. Finally, Pap s major philosophical preoccupation, the concepts of necessity and possibility, provides distinctive solutions and perspectives on issues of contemporary concern in the metaphysics of modality. In particular, Pap s account of modality allows us to see the significance of Kripke s well-known arguments on necessity and apriority in a new light.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preliminaries; Contents; Acknowledgments; Introduction; On the Meaning of Necessity (1943); The Different Kinds of A Priori (1944); Logic and the Synthetic A Priori (1949); Are all Necessary Propositions Analytic? (1949); Necessary Propositions and Linguistic Rules (1955); Note on the "Semantic" and the "Absolute" Concepts of Truth (1952); Propositions, Sentences, and the Semantic Definition of Truth (1954); Belief and Propositions (1957); Semantic Examination of Realism (1947); Logic and the Concept of Entailment (1950); Strict Implication, Entailment, and Modal Iteration (1955)
    Description / Table of Contents: Mathematics, Abstract Entities, and Modern Semantics (1957)Extensionality, Attributes, and Classes (1958); A Note on Logic and Existence (1947); The Linguistic Hierarchy and the Vicious-Circle Principle (1954); Other Minds and the Principle of Verifiability (1951); Semantic Analysis and Psycho-Physical Dualism (1952); The Concept of Absolute Emergence (1951); Reduction Sentences and Open Concepts (1953); Extensional Logic and Laws of Nature (1955); Disposition Concepts and Extensional Logic (1958); Are Physical Magnitudes Operationally Definable? (1959)
    Description / Table of Contents: Arthur Pap (1921-1959) : Intellectual Biography of Arthur PapArthur Pap: Biographical Notes; A Bibliography of Arthur Pap; References; Index
    Note: Bibliography of Arthur Pap p. 375-379 , Collection of texts published previously , Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 43
    ISBN: 9781402043444
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: STUDIES IN THEORETICAL PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 34
    DDC: 435
    RVK:
    Keywords: Germanic Languages ; Linguistics ; Psycholinguistics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Deutsch ; Kasus ; Satzerzeugung
    Abstract: The German language, due to its verb-final nature, relatively free order of constituents and morphological Case system, poses challenges for models of human syntactic processing which have mainly been developed on the basis of head-initial languages with little or no morphological Case. The verb-final order means that the parser has to make predictions about the input before receiving the verb. What are these predictions? What happens when the predictions turn out to be wrong? Furthermore, the German morphological Case system contains ambiguities. How are these ambiguities resolved under the normal time pressure in comprehension? Based on theoretical as well as experimental work, the present monograph develops a detailed account of the processing steps that underly language comprehension. At its core is a model of linking noun phrases to arguments of the verb in the developing phrase structure and checking the result with respect to features such as person, number and Case. This volume contains detailed introductions to human syntactic processing as well as to German syntax which will be helpful especially for readers less familiar with psycholinguistics and with Germanic.
    Description / Table of Contents: INTRODUCTION; INTRODUCING THE HUMAN SENTENCE PROCESSING MECHANISM; WORD ORDER AND CASE IN GERMAN; FIRST-PASS PREFERENCES IN SYNTACTIC-FUNCTION AMBIGUITIES; THE MENTAL REPRESENTATION OF CASE; A MODEL OF LINKING AND CHECKING; CASE CHECKING AND THE HSPM I: ON LEXICAL REACCESS; CASE CHECKING AND THE HSPM II: THE ROLE OF WORKING MEMORY; IN DEFENSE OF SERIAL PARSING; SUMMARY:LINKING,CHECKING,ANDBEYOND
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9781402047473
    Language: English , Latin
    Pages: Online-Ressource (vi, 324 Seiten)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Amsterdam studies in Jewish thought v. 11
    Series Statement: Amsterdam studies in Jewish thought
    DDC: 212.6
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Metaphysics ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, medieval ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Thomas von Aquin, Heiliger 1225-1274 ; Maimonides, Moses 1135-1204 ; Gotteserkenntnis
    Abstract: This in-depth study of Thomas Aquinas' Quaestio de Attributis binds together the findings of previous research on the unique history of this text by reconstructing the historical circumstances surrounding its composition, shows that the Quaestio contains Aquinas' final answer to the dispute on the divine attributes, and thoroughly examines his interpretation of Maimonides' position on the issue of the knowledge of God by analysing this and other texts related to it chronologically and doctrinally.
    Abstract: Presents a study of Thomas Aquinas' "Quaestio de attributis", which binds together the findings of research on the history of this text by reconstructing the historical circumstances surrounding its composition. This book also shows that the "Quaestio" contains Aquinas' final answer to the dispute on the divine attributes
    Description / Table of Contents: The Dispute on the Divine Attributes; Aquinas and Maimonides on the Divine Names; The Quaestio de Attributis and Zechariah 14, 9; The Quaestio de Attributis and the Limits of Natural Knowledge; The Knowledge of the Existence of God
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. [307]-317) and indexes , Revision of the author's thesis (Ph.D.)--Hebrew University, 2001 , Text in English and Latin , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9781402047961
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics & Philosophy S., v. 82
    DDC: 100
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Applied Linguistics ; Phonology ; Semantics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Konferenzschrift 2001 ; Bedeutung ; Intonation ; Thema-Rhema-Gliederung
    Abstract: Contains a collection of papers exploring the cross-linguistic expression of topic and focus. This book presents a collection of a diverse set of perspectives from some of the leading scholars in the areas of semantics and intonation. It examines both semantic and intonational features of topic and focus from a broad typological perspective
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS; Preface; Gorka Elordieta; Constraints on Intonational Prominence of Focalized Constituents; Ardis Eschenberg; Polish Narrow Focus Constructions; David Gil; Intonation and Thematic Roles In Riau Indonesian; Matthew Gordon; The Intonational Realization of Contrastive Focus in Chickasaw; Carlos Gussenhoven; Types of Focus in English; Nancy Hedberg and Juan M. Sosa; The Prosody of Topic and Focus in Spontaneous English Dialogue; Emiel Krahmer and Marc Swerts; Perceiving Focus; Manfred Krifka; The Semantics of Questions and the Focusation of Answers; Chungmin Lee
    Description / Table of Contents: Contrastive (Predicate) Topic, Intonation and Scalar MeaningsKimiko Nakanishi; Prosody and Scope Interpretations of the Topic Marker WA in Japanese; Ho-Hsien Pan; Focus and Taiwanese Unchecked Tones; Elisabeth Selkirk; Bengali Intonation Revisited: An Optimally Theoretic Analysis in which FOCUS Stress Prominence Drives FOCUS Phrasing; Mark Steedman; Information-Structural Semantics for English Intonation; Klaus Von Heusinger; Discourse Structure and Intonational Phrasing;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402030338
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 62
    DDC: 415/.63
    RVK:
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Psycholinguistics ; Semantics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Aspekt
    Abstract: The study of the linguistic reflexes of aspect has been an active field of research in various sub-disciplines of linguistics, such as syntax, semantics (including discourse theory) and acquisition studies. However, communication and dissemination of results across these various subfields has often been indirect. The different angles brought together give us a comprehensive picture of the representation of aspect in the mind/brain of the speaker. The papers in this volume represent the results of a workshop on the syntax, semantics and acquisition of aspect held in 2002 whose purpose was to foment active cross-disciplinary communication. A number of the papers examine the syntactic representation of lexical or situation aspect, while others focus on the syntactic interaction of lexical aspect with grammatical aspect, and of grammatical aspect and tense. Other papers examine the role of aspect in discourse representations, while a third group of papers reports on results of empirical studies on the acquisition of aspect in both first and second language acquisition, and patterns of loss of morphosyntactic reflexes of aspect in language attrition.
    Description / Table of Contents: Issues and Interfaces in the Study of Aspect; Topic or Aspect; Some Notes on the Syntax of Quantity; Articulated vPS and the Computation of Aspectual Classes; Flavors of v; Semi-Copulas; PP, FP and the Telic/Atelic Distinction in Norwegian Motion Constructions; The Spatio-Temporal Path and Aspectual Composition; Aspect and Temporal Modification; Aspectual Entities and Tense in Discourse; Stage Structure and Stage Salience for Event Semantics; Aspectual Viewpoints, Speech Act Functions and Discourse Structure; Child Non-Finite Clauses and the Mood-Aspect Connection; Imperfect Imperfectives
    Description / Table of Contents: L2 Acquisition of Aspectual Distinctions in PolishAspect Lost, Aspect Regained; Tracking the Elusive Imperfect in Adult L2 Acquisition
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. [421]-449) and index , The papers in this volume represent the results of the Workshop on the Syntax, Semantics, and Acquisition of Aspect, held at the University of Iowa in May 2002 , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402030512
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Text, Speech and Language Technology 27
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    Keywords: Computational Linguistics ; Linguistics ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Translators (Computer programs) ; Multimedia systems ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Sprache ; Information ; Präsentation
    Abstract: Intelligent Multimodal Information Presentation relates to the ability of a computer system to automatically produce interactive information presentations, taking into account the specifics about the user, such as needs, interests and knowledge, and engaging in a collaborative interaction that helps the retrieval of relevant information and its understanding on the part of the user. The volume includes descriptions of some of the most representative recent works on Intelligent Information Presentation and a view of the challenges ahead.
    Abstract: Intelligent Multimodal Information Presentation relates to the ability of a computer system to automatically produce interactive information presentations, taking into account the specifics about the user, such as needs, interests and knowledge, and engaging in a collaborative interaction that helps the retrieval of relevant information and its understanding on the part of the user. The volume includes descriptions of some of the most representative recent works on Intelligent Information Presentation and a view of the challenges ahead
    Description / Table of Contents: Greta. A Believable Embodied Conversational Agent; Multimodal Communication in Virtual Environments; Generating Embodied Information Presentations; Resource-Adaptive Personal Navigation; Intelligent Interactive Information Presentation for Cultural Tourism; Supporting Mobile Users through Adaptive Information Presentation; Autobriefer: A System for Authoring Narrated Briefings; Generating Tailored Worked-Out Problem Solutions to Help Students Learn from Examples; Multilingual Personalized Information Objects; Generating Multimedia Presentations from Plain Text to Screen Play
    Description / Table of Contents: Intelligent Information Presentation for Tutoring SystemsMaintaining Visibility Constraints for View Management in 3D User Interfaces; Simulation Meets Hollywood; Presentation Technologies for People with Disabilities; Fusion and Coordination for Multimodal Interactive Information Presentation
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 48
    ISBN: 9781402039096
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 192
    DDC: 914.045
    RVK:
    Keywords: History ; Humanities ; Linguistics ; Regional planning ; Russland ; Reisebericht ; Westeuropabild
    Abstract: Journeys to a Graveyard examines the descriptions provided by eight Russian writers of journeys made to western European countries between 1697 and 1880. The descriptions reveal the mentality and preoccupations of the Russian social and intellectual elites during this period. The travellers' perceptions of western European countries are treated here as an ambivalent response to a civilization with which Russia was belatedly coming into close contact as a result of the imperial ambition of the Russian state and the westernization of the Russian elites. The travellers perceived the most advanced European countries as superior to Russia in terms of material achievement and the maturity and refinement of their cultures, but they also promoted a view of Russia as in other respects superior to the western nations. Heavily influenced from the late eighteenth century by Romanticism and by the rise of nationalism in the west, they tended to depict European civilization as moribund. By this means they managed to define their own emergent nation in a contrastive way as having youth and promising futurity.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Piotr Tolstoi: a travel diary; Fonvizin: letters from foreign journeys; Karamzin: The Letters of a Russian Traveller; Pogodin: A Year in Foreign Lands; Botkin: Letters on Spain; Herzen: Letters from France and Italy; Dostoevskii: Winter Notes on Summer Impressions; Saltykov-Shchedrin: Across the Border
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 49
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402040665
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Yearbook of Morphology
    DDC: 415
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Computational Linguistics ; Phonology ; Psycholinguistics ; Morphologie
    Abstract: Discusses several theoretical issues such as: the role of inflectional paradigms in morphological analysis, the differences between words and affixes, and the adequacy of competing models of word structure. This work also discusses the role of phonological factors in shaping complex words
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS; JAMES P. BLEVINS /Word-based declensions in Estonian; HANS-OLAV ENGER /Do affixes have meaning? Polarity in the Toten dialect ofNorwegian meets morphological theory; JANET GRIJZENHOUT and MARTINA PENKE /On the interaction of phonology and morphology in languageacquisition and German and Dutch Broca's Aphasia: the caseof inflected verbs; ANDREW KOONTZ-GARBODEN /On the typology of state/change of state alternations; CHRISTIAN LEHMANN /Pleonasm and hypercharacterisation; MARY PASTER /Pulaar verbal extensions and phonologically driven affix order
    Description / Table of Contents: ANDREA D. SIMS /Declension hopping in dialectal Croatian: Two predictionsof frequencyGREGORY T. STUMP /Referrals and morphomes in Sora verb inflection; ANDREW CARSTAIRS-McCARTHY /Affixes, stems and allomorphic conditioning in paradigmfunction morphology; GREGORY T. STUMP /Some criticisms of Carstairs-McCarthy's conclusions; Book reviews; Paul Boucher (ed.), Many Morphologies (Peter Arkadiev); Danielle Corbin, Pierre Corbin and Martine Temple (eds.), Lexique 16 (Claudio Iacobini); Laurie Bauer, A Glossary of Morphology (Geert Booij)
    Description / Table of Contents: Piet van Sterkenburg (ed.), Linguistics Today - Facing a Greater Challenge (Geert Booij)Book Information; Proceedings of the 4th Mediterranean Morpholohy Meeting, Catania, 21-23 September 2004
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 50
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402023019
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: En]Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 81
    DDC: 415
    RVK:
    Keywords: Semantics ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Artificial intelligence ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Ellipse ; Satz
    Abstract: The papers in this volume address two main topics:Q1: What is the nature, and especially the scope, of ellipsis in natural language? Q2: What are the linguistic/philosophical implications of what one takes the nature/scope of ellipsis to be? Each of these main topics includes a large sub-part that deals specifically with nonsentential speech. Within the first main topic, Q1, there arises the sub-issue of whether nonsentential speech falls within the scope of ellipsis or not, within the second main topic, Q2, there arises the sub-issue of what linguistic/philosophical implications follow, if nonsentential speech does/does not count as ellipsis. This book is unique in that it offers the reader, Papers on the boundary between philosophy and linguistics, Applications of advanced work in theoretical linguistics to traditional philosophical questions, It is the only volume of papers ever published on sub-sentential speech, Major contribution to our understanding of ellipsis in natural language, presently a central topic in syntactic theory. This book is of interest to professionals and advanced graduate students in the fields of philosophy of language, semantics, and syntax.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Against Reconstruction in Ellipsis; The Semantics of Nominal Exclamatives; Nonsententials in Minimalism; A Note on Alleged Cases of Nonsentential Assertion; On the Interpretation and Performance of Non-Sentential Assertions; Non-Sentences, Implicature, and Success in Communication; The Link between Sentences and 'Assertion': An Evolutionary Accident?; Knowledge by Acquaintance and Meaning in Isolation; Co-Extensive Theories and Unembedded Definite Descriptions; The Ellipsis Account of Fiction-Talk; Quinean Interpretation and Anti-Vernacularism
    Description / Table of Contents: Saying What You Mean: Unarticulated Constituents and Communication
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  • 51
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402029004
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Yearbook of Morphology
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Comparative Linguistics ; Phonology ; Sign Language
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402035968
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 64
    DDC: 410
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Wortbildung
    Abstract: This is the most comprehensive bookto date on word formation in terms of scope of topics, schools and theoretical positions.All contributions were written by the leading scholars in their respective areas.
    Abstract: This volume traces the many strands of study in the field of word formation that have developed since the seminal work of Marchand and Lees in the 1960s. In mapping the state of the art, it avoids a biased approach by presenting different, but mutually complementary frameworks within which research into word formation has taken place. It covers the historical development of theories of word formation within generative grammar, and affords a solid introduction to the treatment of word formation in cognitive grammar, natural morphology, optimality theory, Lexeme Morpheme Base Morphology, onomasiological theory, and other recent frameworks. Each topic is presented by an expert who has contributed significantly to the field. In addition to surveying theoretical developments from both European and North American perspectives, it looks specifically at individual English word formation processes (derivation, compounding, conversion) and reviews some of the ways in which they have been analyzed since Marchand's comprehensive treatment nearly five decades ago.
    Description / Table of Contents: Basic Terminology; Word-Formation and Phonology; Word-Formation and Inflectional Morphology; Word-Formation and Syntax; Hans Marchand and the Marchandeans; Chomsky's Remarks and the Transformationalist Hypothesis; The Lexicalist Approach to Word-Formation and the Notion of the Lexicon; Lexeme-Morpheme Base Morphology; Onomasiological Approach to Word-Formation; Cognitive Approach to Word-Formation; Word-Formation in Natural Morphology; Word-Formation in Optimality Theory; Productivity: Theories; Constraints on Productivity; Lexicalization and Institutionalization
    Description / Table of Contents: English Word-Formation ProcessesThe Latest Trends In English Word-Formation
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9781402033971
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 328
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Glycoproteins Congresses physiology ; Tarski, Alfred 1901-1983 ; Wahrheitstheorie ; Österreich ; Polen ; Analytische Philosophie ; Wahrheitstheorie ; Geschichte 1800-1933 ; Wahrheit
    Abstract: This book offers a detailed study of the truth-bearers problem, that is, the question of which category of items the predicates 'true' and 'false' are predicated. The book has two dimensions: historical and systematic. Both focus around Tarski's semantic theory of truth. The author locates Tarski's ideas in a broad context of Austrian philosophy, in particular, Brentano's tradition. However, Bolzano and phenomenology (Husserl and Reinach) are also taken into account. The historical perspective is completed by showing how Tarski was rooted in Polish philosophical tradition originated with Twardowski and his version of Brentanism. The historical considerations are the basis for showing how the idea of truth-bearers as acts of judging was transformed into the theory of truth-bearers as sentences. In particular, the author analyses the way to nominalism in Polish philosophy, culminating in Lesniewski, Kotarbinski and Tarski. This book is indispensable for everybody interested in the evolution of Austrian philosophy from descriptive psychology to semantics. It is also a fundamental contribution toward a deeper understanding of the philosophical background of Tarski's theory of truth.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: Alfred Tarski's Philosophical Background in the Context of His 1933 Definition of Truth; The Notion of the Truth Bearer; Descriptive Psychology: The Theory of Judgement as the Theory of Cognition and Knowledge; Judgement, Psychology, and Language; The Ontology of Judgement; Reism; The Objectivity of Truth; Ontologism, Abstract Objects and Nominalism; Brentanism and the Background of the Semantics of the Lvov-Warsaw School; Judgment, Belief, and Sentences: Remarks on the Truth Bearer in the Lvov-Warsaw School; Final Comments
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 221-233) and index , Originally presented as the author's thesis (doctoral), written in German under the title: Vom Urteil zum Satz. Das Wahrheitsträgerproblem von Bolzano zu Tarski , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402032325
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics 32
    DDC: 401.9
    RVK:
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Germanic Languages ; Romance Languages ; Semantics ; Slavic languages ; Konferenzschrift 2001 ; Tempus ; Kontrastive Linguistik ; Aspekt
    Abstract: This book offers both a retrospective view on how theories of aspectuality have developed over the past 30 years, and presents current, new directions of aspectuality research.The articles in this book take a wide crosslinguistic scope including aspectual analyses of the following languages: English and two varieties of English: African American English and Colloquial Singapore English, Italian, French, Bulgarian, Czech, Mandarin Chinese, West-Greenlandic, Wakashan languages, and Nahk-Daghestanian languages.
    Abstract: The aim of this book is two-fold: to offer a retrospective view on the past thirty years of research on aspectuality and temporality as well as to develop new perspectives on the future development of the field. Articles contain overviews of the development of the field and/or present the state of the art of current research, suggesting new and upcoming lines of research. An important theme throughout the book is typological variation, and the relevance of empirical data for theory formation. Together the articles in the book take a wide crosslinguistic scope including aspectual analyses of English, and two varieties of English: African American English and Colloquial Singapore English, Italian, French, Bulgarian, Czech, Mandarin Chinese, West-Greenlandic, Wakashan languages, and Nakh-Daghestanian languages. Audience: Scholars and students of aspectuality in semantics and at the syntax-semantics interface.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introducing Perspectives on Aspect; Aspectual Composition: Surveying the Ingredients; Quantized Direct Objects Don't Delimit After All; Quantification and Aspect; Prepositions and Results in Italian and English: An Analysis from Event Decomposition; Atelicity, Pluractionality, and Adverbial Quantification; On Accumulating and Having IT All; Adverbs of Completion in an Event Semantics; Eventualities, Grammar, and Language Diversity; From Habituals to Futures; Perfective Aspect and Accomplishment Situations in Mandarin Chinese; The Past Perfective and Present Perfect in African-American English
    Description / Table of Contents: Tense and Aspectual be in Child African American EnglishUnmarked Already
    Note: "In December 2001 the Utrecht Institute of Linguistics hosted a conference entitled Perspectives on Aspect"--pref , Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402033339
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2005 Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 244
    Parallel Title: Print version Turkish Studies in the History and Philosophy if Science
    DDC: 001.01 s
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy of Mind ; Science History ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Türkei ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie
    Abstract: As an academic discipline, the philosophy and history of science in Turkey was marked by two historical events: Hans Reichenbach's immigrating to Turkey and taking a post between 1933 and 1938 at Istanbul University prior to his tenure at UCLA, and Aydin Sayili's establishing a chair in the history of science in 1952 after having become the first student to receive a Ph.D. under George Sarton at Harvard University. Since then, both disciplines have flourished in Turkey. The present book, which contains seventeen newly commissioned articles, aims to give a rich overview of the current state of research by Turkish philosophers and historians of science. Topics covered address issues in methodology, causation, and reduction, and include philosophy of logic and physics, philosophy of psychology and language, and Ottoman science studies. The book also contains an unpublished interview with Maria Reichenbach, Hans Reichenbach's wife, which sheds new light on Reichenbach's academic and personal life in Istanbul and at UCLA.
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  • 56
    ISBN: 9781402039331
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Text, Speech and Language Technology 30
    RVK:
    Keywords: Computational Linguistics ; Linguistics ; Multimedia systems ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Computer system performance ; Diskursanalyse
    Abstract: The main topic of this volume is natural multimodal interaction. The book is unique in that it brings together a great many contributions regarding aspects of natural and multimodal interaction written by many of the important actors in the field. Topics addressed include talking heads, conversational agents, tutoring systems, multimodal communication, machine learning, architectures for multimodal dialogue systems, systems evaluation, and data annotation.
    Abstract: The main topic of this volume is natural multimodal interaction. The book is unique in that it brings together a great many contributions regarding aspects of natural and multimodal interaction written by many of the important actors in the field. It is a timely update of Multimodality in Language and Speech Systems by Björn Granström, David House and Inger Karlsson and, at the same time, it presents a much broader overview of the field. Its 17 chapters provide a broad and detailed impression of where the fairly new field of natural and multimodal interactivity engineering stands today. Topics addressed include talking heads, conversational agents, tutoring systems, multimodal communication, machine learning, architectures for multimodal dialogue systems, systems evaluation, and data annotation. This title will prove very valuable to scientists, researchers and practitioners working in the fields of natural interactive systems, multimodal systems, conversational agents, spoken dialogue systems, natural language processing applications, advanced human-computer interfaces, analysis of multimodal data, evaluation of multimodal systems, and educational systems.
    Description / Table of Contents: Natural and Multimodal Interactivity Engineering - Directions and Needs; Social Dialongue with Embodied Conversational Agents; A First Experiment in Engagement for Human-Robot Interaction in Hosting Activities; Form; On the Relationships Among Speech, Gestures, and Object Manipulation in Virtual Environments: Initial Evidence; Analysing Multimodal Communication; Do Oral Messages Help Visual Search?; Geometric and Statistical Approaches to Audiovisual Segmentation; The Psychology and Technology of Talking Heads: Applications in Language Learning
    Description / Table of Contents: Effective Interaction with Talking Animated Agents an Dialogue SystemsControlling the Gaze of Conversational Agents; Mind: A Context-Based Multimodal Interpretation Framework in Conversational Systems; A General Purpose Architecture for Intelligent Tutoring Systems; Miamm - A Multimodal Dialogue System Using Haptics; Adaptive Human-Computer Dialogue; Machine Learning Approaches to Human Dialogue Modelling
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 57
    ISBN: 9781402026379
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Text, Speech and Language Technology 25
    RVK:
    Keywords: Applied Linguistics ; Computational Linguistics ; Linguistics ; Translators (Computer programs) ; Sprachverarbeitung ; Phonetik
    Abstract: Continued progress in Speech Technology in the face of ever-increasing demands on the performance levels of applications is a challenge to the whole speech and language science community. Robust recognition and understanding of spontaneous speech in varied environments, good comprehensibility and naturalness of expressive speech synthesis are goals that cannot be achieved without a change of paradigm. This book argues for interdisciplinary communication and cooperation in problem-solving in general, and discusses the interaction between speech and language engineering and phonetics in particular. With a number of reports on innovative speech technology research as well as more theoretical discussions, it addresses the practical, scientific and sometimes the philosophical problems that stand in the way of cross-disciplinary collaboration and illuminates some of the many possible ways forward. Audience: Researchers and professionals in speech technology and computational linguists.
    Description / Table of Contents: Phonetic Knowledge in Speech Technology; Can Phonetic Knowledge be Used to Improve the Performance of Speech Recognisers and Synthesisers?; Prosodic Models, Automatic Speech Understanding, and Speech Synthesis: Towards the Common Ground?; Phonetic Time Maps; Introducing Phonetically Motivated, Heterogeneous Information into Automatic Speech Recognition; Introducing Contextual Transcription Rules in Large Vocabulary Speech Recognition; From Here to Utility; Pronunciation Modeling; Phonetic Knowledge in Text-to-Speech Synthesis; Is Phonetic Knowledge of Any Use for Speech Technology?
    Note: Description based upon print version of record , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 58
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402032448
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 63
    DDC: 492.456
    RVK:
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Semantics ; Semitic Languages ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Hebräisch ; Morphosyntax ; Wortwurzel ; Hebräisch ; Morphosyntax ; Wortwurzel
    Abstract: In-depth investigation of Hebrew verb morphology in light of cutting edge theories of morphology and lexical semantics An original theory about the semantic content of roots An account of how roots function in word-formation A wide empirical basis containing a complete corpus of verb-creating roots in Hebrew
    Abstract: This book is simultaneously a theoretical study in morphosyntax and an in-depth empirical study of Hebrew. Based on Hebrew data, the book defends the status of the root as a lexical and phonological unit and argues that roots, rather than verbs or nouns, are the primitives of word formation. A central claim made throughout the book is the role of locality in word formation, teasing apart word formation from roots and word formation from existing words syntactically, semantically and phonologically. The book focuses on Hebrew, a language with rich verb morphology, where both roots and noun- and verb-creating morphology are morphologically transparent. The study of Hebrew verbs is based on a corpus of all Hebrew verb-creating roots, offering, for the first time, a survey of the full array of morpho-syntactic forms seen in the Hebrew verb. While the focus of this study is on how roots function in word-formation, a central chapter studies the information encoded by the Hebrew root, arguing for a special kind of open-ended value, bounded within the classes of meaning analyzed by lexical semanticists. The book is of wide interest to students of many branches of linguistics, including morphology, syntax and lexical semantics, as well as of to students Semitic languages.
    Description / Table of Contents: Roots: Where Syntax, Morphology, and the Lexicon Meet; The Noun-Verb Asymmetry in Hebrew: When Are Patterns Obligatory?; The Contents of the Root: Multiple Contextualized Meaning in Hebrew; The Morphological Consequences of MCM: An Intermediate Summary; Roots Across Patterns in Hebrew; A Theory of Hebrew Verbal Morpho-Syntax; Roots in Word-Formation: The Root Hypothesis Revisited
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 275-281) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 59
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402039058
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Trends in Logic, Studia Logica Library 24
    RVK:
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Logic ; Computational Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Mathematische Logik
    Abstract: Develops a hybrid architecture that allows to incorporate anaphora resolution into grammatical deduction. After giving an introduction into Type Logical Grammar in general, this book discusses the formal properties of this connective
    Description / Table of Contents: Preliminaries; Contents; List of Tables; 1 TYPE LOGICAL GRAMMAR THE FRAMEWORK; 2 THE PROBLEM OF ANAPHORA; 3 LAMBEK CALCULUS WITH LIMITED CONTRACTION; 4 PRONOUNS AND QUANTIFICATION; 6 INDEFINITES; References; Index
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 60
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400710368
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 415 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 54
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy. ; Linguistics Philosophy ; History ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: This book gives a clear and thorough description of three fascinating linguistic projects that were carried out in the seventeenth century: the philosophical languages of George Dalgarno (1661) and John Wilkins (1668), as well as the work of Leibniz in this area. These projects combined practical purposes, such as improving communication, with profound theoretical insights concerning the representation of knowledge and the nature of language. Rich in detail, this book provides all the material for a proper understanding of the workings of these schemes, while illuminating the intellectual context in which they took shape. It will be welcomed by anyone interested in the history of linguistics and philosophy of language
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  • 61
    ISBN: 9781402027383
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 287 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 60
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Syntax. ; Comparative linguistics ; Romance languages ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax.
    Abstract: This book provides an analysis of Subject Clitics concentrating on Astigiano and Turinese, two dialects spoken in the North of Italy, in the areas of Asti and Turin respectively. In the wake of structural economy, this book accounts for the structural position and function of Subject Clitics inside the computational system and for their morphological and distributional properties. It also provides an empirical and theoretical comparison between Piedmontese Subject Clitics and Subject Clitics in other Northern Italian dialects. At the theoretical level the higher goal of this book is to promote structure minimality by proposing a treatment of elements of agreement such as Subject Clitics which is compatible with the elimination of Agreement central to the Minimalist Program (Chomsky 1995). *It has a significant empirical impact as it deals with data not discussed in previous works on Subject Clitics; *It presents a novel theoretical treatment of Subject Clitics by incorporating minimalist guidelines and Optimality Theory to such a complex topic; *It presents a detailed review of recent works on Subject Clitics; *It proposes a novel theoretical treatment of the variation that characterises the use of Subject Clitics across the Northern Italian Dialects; *It opens several paths for future research in the fields of Romance Linguistics and Theoretical Syntax. Overall the view of Subject Clitics and sentence structure maintained in this book contrasts with the breaking down of functional categories into a myriad of syntactically and semantically distinct projections that has prevailed in several recent studies on Subject Clitics and Romance Syntax in general
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  • 62
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400710177
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 374 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 82
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Aesthetics ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Comparative Literature ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: Through mystery, literature reveals to us the Great Unknown. While we are absorbed by the matters at hand with the present enactment of our life, groping for clues to handle them, it is through literature that we discover the hidden strings underlying their networks. Hence our fascination with literature. But there is more. The creative act of the human being, its proper focus, holds the key to the Sezam of life: to the great metaphysical/ontopoietic questions which literature may disclose. First, it leads us to the sublimal grounds of transformation in the human soul, source of the specifically human significance of life (Analecta Husserliana, Volume III, XIX, XXIII, XXVII) Second, it leads us to the unveiling of the hidden workings of life in the twilight of knowing in a dialectic between The Visible and the Invisible, (Volume LXXV, 2002, Analecta Husserliana) down to the ontopoietic truth. (Volume LXXVI, 2002, Analecta Husserliana) This prying into the unknown which provokes the human being as he or she attempts to conquer, step by step, a space of existence, finds its culmination in the phenomenon of mystery as the subject of the present collection. Its formulation brings us to the greatest question of all: the enigmatic solidarity -in-distinctiveness of human cognition and existence. Papers are written by: Tony E. Afejuku, Gary Backhaus, Paul G. Beidler, Matthew J. Duffy, Raffaela Giovagnoli, Jennifer Anna Gosetti-Ferencei, Matti Itkonen, Lawrence Kimmel, Catherine Malloy, Vladimir L. Marchenkov, Nancy Mardas, Howard Pearce, Bernadette Prochaska, Victor Gerald Rivas, M.J. Sahlani, Dennis Skocz, Jadwiga S. Smith, Mara Stafecka, Max Statkiewicz, Mariola Sulkowska, Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka, Leon U. Weinman, Tim Weiss
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  • 63
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401006903
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (372p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 74
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Semantics ; Syntax. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: Predicates and their Subjects is an in-depth study of the syntax-semantics interface focusing on the structure of the subject-predicate relation. Starting from where the author's 1983 dissertation left off, the book argues that there is syntactic constraint that clauses (small and tensed) are constructed out of a one-place unsaturated expression, the predicate, which must be applied to a syntactic argument, its subject. The author shows that this predication relation cannot be reduced to a thematic relation or a projection of argument structure, but must be a purely syntactic constraint. Chapters in the book show how the syntactic predication relation is semantically interpreted, and how the predication relation explains constraints on DP-raising and on the distribution of pleonastics in English. The second half of the book extends the theory of predication to cover copular constructions; it includes an account of the structure of small clauses in Hebrew, of the use of `be' in predicative and identity sentences in English, and concludes with a study of the meaning of the verb `be'
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  • 64
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401000376
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (324p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 80
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Logic ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics
    Abstract: The structure and properties of any natural language expression depend on its component sub-expressions - "resources" - and relations among them that are sensitive to basic structural properties of order, grouping, and multiplicity. Resource-sensitivity thus provides a perspective on linguistic structure that is well-defined and universally-applicable. The papers in this collection - by J. van Benthem, P. Jacobson, G. Jäger, G-J. Kruijff, G. Morrill, R. Muskens, R. Oehrle, and A. Szabolcsi - examine linguistic resources and resource-sensitivity from a variety of perspectives, including: - Modal aspects of categorial type inference; - Multi-dimensional type structures and grammatical architecture;- Resource-sensitive aspects of binding and anaphora;- Resource-sensitive inference and discourse context. In particular, the book contains a number of papers treating anaphorically-dependent expressions as functions, whose application to an appropriate argument yields a type and an interpretation directly integratable with the surrounding grammatical structure. To situate this work in a larger setting, the book contains two appendices: - an introductory guide to resource-sensivity;- notes on the historical background of resource-sensitive approaches to binding and anaphora
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributing Authors -- Introduction -- Part I: Resources, Structures, and Composition. 1. Categorial Grammar at a Cross-Roads. 2. Language, Lambdas, and Logic -- Part II: Resources, Binding, and Anaphora. 3. Binding without pronouns (and pronouns without binding). 4. Resource Sharing in Type Logical Grammar. 5. Binding Across Boundaries. 6. On Bound Anaphora in Type Logical Grammar. 7. Structural Communication in Binding. 8. Binding on the Fly: Cross-Sentential Anaphora in Variable-Free Semantics -- Part III: Appendices. 9. Resource-Sensitity - A Brief Guide. 10. Some Precursors -- Index.
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  • 65
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401703413
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 225 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Educational Linguistics 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistic anthropology. ; Anthropological linguistics ; Linguistics ; Artificial intelligence ; Psycholinguistics
    Abstract: While most research on language acquisition continues to consider the individual primarily in closed-system terms, Ecology of Language Acquisition emphasizes the emergence of linguistic development through children's and learners' interactions with their environment - spatial, social, cultural, educational, and so on - bringing to light commonalities between primary language development, child and adult second-language learning, and language acquisition by robots. Such a situated, context-responsive perspective on acquisition is able to interrelate insights from a variety of paradigms and disciplines while avoiding unjustifiable appeals to normativity. The theoretical and empirical studies presented here challenge a number of dominant ideas in language acquisition theory and mark an important new research orientation. This work should be of interest to language acquisition researchers and professionals in a wide range of specialisms
    Description / Table of Contents: Notes on the Authors -- Acknowledgements -- 1. Towards an ecology of language acquisition -- 2. Critical realism, ecological psychology, and imagined communities: foundations for a naturalist theory of language acquisition -- 3. A tale of two computer classrooms: the ecology of project-based learning -- 4. From joint attention to language acquisition: how infants learn to control others' behavior -- 5. Beyond cognitive determination: interactionism in the acquisition of spatial semantics -- 6. Language socialization in children's religious education: the discursive and affective construction of identity -- 7. An integrational linguistic view of coming into language: reflexivity and metonymy -- 8. The ecology of an SLA community in a computer-mediated environment -- 9. Robot babies: what can they teach us about language acquisition?- 10. Borrowing words: appropriations in child second language discourse -- 11. Language acquisition behind the scenes: collusion and play in educational settings -- Index.
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  • 66
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401000116
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 260 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 96
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Methodology ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: Through a variety of logical/linguistic investigations, the past century witnessed some of the most important advances in the history of philosophy. The outcome, however, has been the largely isolated results of a piece-meal approach to philosophy. In his landmark work Sign Levels, D.S. Clarke provides readers with an integrative framework designed to overcome this lack of sustained focus. Drawing on the pragmatist tradition of semiotic of Peirce and Morris, he traces the development of the logical categories of language to the more primitive sign levels of natural events and signals. The concluding chapters discuss the unique features introduced by spoken natural languages and the written specialized languages used within social institutions. This bold venture into synthetic philosophy provides: * a methodology for comparing language to primitive sign levels that avoids reductionism; * comparisons and contrasts between sign levels that enable distinctions between necessary and contingent features of language; * an integrative framework for relating isolated results in linguistic philosophy, experimental psychology, and ethology; * a means of resolving some of the principal metaphysical disputes derived from linguistic investigations
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  • 67
    ISBN: 9789401701976
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 278 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 92
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Epistemology. ; Social sciences ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Concepts of Meaning includes contributions from well-known philosophers of language and semanticists. It is a useful collection for students in philosophy of language, semantics and epistemology. This work discusses new research in semantics, theory of truth, philosophy of language and theory of communication from a trans-disciplinary perspective. An integrated theory of linguistic behavior should provide a framework to make behavior intelligible. This work addresses issues such as sentence meaning, utterance meaning, speaker's intention and reference, linguistic context, circumstances and background theories. Readers will learn that interpretation is a result of a complex pattern
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  • 68
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401000192
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 381 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Text, Speech and Language Technology 22
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Computer science ; Semantics. ; Image processing. ; Speech processing systems. ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics ; Signal processing. ; User interfaces (Computer systems). ; Semiotics. ; Human-computer interaction.
    Abstract: This volume is unique in its breadth of coverage on key topics in the field from a variety of leading researchers. In one volume, readers gain exposure to several perspectives in the areas of corpus annotation and analysis, dialogue system construction; as well as theoretical perspectives on communicative intention, context-based generation, and modelling of discourse structure. In this book you will find high quality articles representing current and new directions in discourse and dialogue with an emphasis on Dialogue Systems; Corpora and Corpus Tools; and Semantic and Pragmatic Modelling of Discourse and Dialogue. The majority of the articles included come from the most outstanding papers presented at the 2nd SIGdial workshop on Discourse and Dialogue held in conjunction with Eurospeech 2001. The contents are supplemented with four invited papers from internationally recognized researchers in discourse and dialogue
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  • 69
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401001991
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (219 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Zutot: Perspectives on Jewish Culture 2
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics ; Philosophy, Asian. ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Philology ; Historical linguistics. ; Philosophy—History. ; Language and languages—Style.
    Abstract: Zutot: Perspectives on Jewish Culture aims to fill a gap that has become more and more conspicuous among the wealth of scholarly periodicals in the field of Jewish Studies. Whereas existing journals provide space to medium - and large sized articles, they neglect the small but poignant contributions, which may be as important as the extended, detailed study. The yearbook Zutot serves as a platform for small but incisive contributions, and provides them with a distinct context. The substance of these contributions is derived from larger perspectives and, though not always presented in an exhaustive way, will have an impact on contemporary discussions. Zutot covers Jewish Culture in its broadest sense, i.e. encompassing various academic disciplines - literature, languages and linguistics, philosophy, art, sociology, politics and history - and reflects binary oppositions such as religious and secular, high and low, written and oral, male and female culture
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  • 70
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400708228
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 237 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 319
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Humanities ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: (Over)Interpreting Wittgenstein will be read by philosophers investigating Wittgenstein and by scholars, interpreters, students, and specialists, in both analytic and continental philosophy. It will intrigue readers interested in issues of interpretation and cultural studies. This book tells the story - as yet untold - of Wittgenstein interpretation during the past eighty years. It provides different interpretations, chronologies, developments, and controversies. It aims to discover the (socio-cultural rather than psychological) motives and motivations behind the philosophical community's project of interpreting Wittgenstein. As a cultural history of ideas, it traces the parallelism between Wittgenstein interpretation and the move from metaphysics, to language, to postmodernism effected in the twentieth century
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  • 71
    ISBN: 9789401701457
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 278 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Language Policy 2
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; South Asian Languages ; Language and languages ; Language and education. ; Languages. ; Applied linguistics ; Sociolinguistics ; History ; Asia—Languages. ; Language and languages—Study and teaching.
    Abstract: Language and Language-in-Education Planning in the Pacific Basin examines and reviews the ecological context (including, e.g., the historical, political and educational issues) of language planning in 14 countries in the Pacific basin: Japan, the two Koreas, Taiwan, the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. The planning goals pursued in these states are then examined in terms of an overarching view of language planning. The book provides the only up-to-date overview and review of language policy in the region and challenges those interested in language policy and planning to think about how such goals might be achieved in the context of language ecology. In a world where languages and their uses and users are changing rapidly, and where governments and other political bodies are driving planned language change, there is a need to understand and consider how and why language planning is done. The book will be of interest to specialists interested in language and education, and to more general readers wishing to understand the dynamics of history and politics and its impact on language and language-in-education policy decisions
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  • 72
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401702393
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 235 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 51
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Linguistics ; Philosophy. ; Medieval philosophy. ; Philosophy, medieval ; Logic ; Historical linguistics. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: Abelard is one of the foremost protagonists of the "twelfth-century Renaissance". He 'picks up the baton' from Boethius resuming the activity of commenting on Aristotle's works. The present book focuses on the logical-grammatical analysis of natural language, which for Abelard is a fragment of "scientific Latin". Tools of modern categorial grammar are employed to clarify many of the problems raised by historiography (such as meaning, abstract entities and universals). Among the merits of the volume is the fact that it has enlightened the radical interplay between the traditions of Aristotle's and Priscian's commentators and, in this context, Abelard's peculiar role in exploring a new field of linguistic inquiry. An ample analysis of grammatical sources and critical literature allows to evaluate the progress which is at the basis of the forthcoming terministic logic. The book is aimed at scholars of medieval philosophy as well as historians of logic and linguistics
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface. 1: Grammatical Sources. 1.1. Grammatici logicis consistientes. 1.2. Categorization. 1.3. Lexical categories. 1.4. Composition. 1.5. The meaning relation. 1.6. Predication and truth -- 2: Categories and Lexicon. 2.1. Categorization. 2.2. Categories and type meanings. 2.3. Semantic categories. 2.4. Derived expressions. 2.5. Non-defined expressions -- 3: Grammatical Composition. 3.1. Syntactic rules. 3.2. Pronouns and determiners. 3.3. Expressions composed of common nouns and adjectives. 3.4. Expressions composed of 'est' and nominal phrases. 3.5.Complex sentences. 3.6. Modal phrases. 3.7. Determined modal expressions -- 4: Meaning. 4.1. Problems of semantic representation. 4.2. Denotations of terms and sentences. 4.3. The meaning relation. 4.4. Composition of meanings. 4.5. Transfers of meaning. 4.6. The conceptual meaning -- 5: Predication and truth. 5.1. Praedicari de pluribus. 5.2. The meaning of predicative link. 5.3. The truth: Consequentia de propositionibus ad res. 5.4. The truth of categorical propositions. 5.5. The truth of hypothetical propositions. 5.6. A model for modalities -- Appendix. Bibliography. Index.
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  • 73
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401001953
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (480p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 56
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Phonology ; Linguistic anthropology. ; Syntax. ; Anthropological linguistics ; Linguistics ; Comparative linguistics ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Phonology. ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax.
    Abstract: Optimality Theory and Language Change: -discusses many optimization and linguistic issues in great detail; -treats the history of a variety of languages, including English, French, Germanic, Galician/Portuguese, Latin, Russian, and Spanish; -shows that the application of OT allows for innovative and improved analyses; -allows researchers that appeal to OT to see the connections of their (usually synchronic) work with diachronic studies; -contains a complete bibliography on Optimality Theory and language change. This volume may be used as one of the texts in courses on historical phonology or syntax that treat these topics from generative approaches or that give a general survey of various frameworks of research into these areas. Likewise, the volume may serve as a text for courses in phonology, syntax and Optimality Theory that have a component dedicated to extensions of linguistic theory to historical change. It is of interest for historical linguists, researchers into Optimality Theory and linguistic theory, and for phonologists and syntacticians with an interest in historical change
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  • 74
    ISBN: 9789401726122
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 396 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 320
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Logic ; Philosophy of nature ; Artificial intelligence ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Philosophical Dimensions of Logic and Science is a collection of outstanding contributed papers presented at the 11th International Congress of Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science held in Kraków in 1999. The Congress was a follow-up to the series of meetings, initiated once by Alfred Tarski, which aimed to provide an interdisciplinary forum for scientists, philosophers and logicians. The articles selected for publication in the book comply with that idea and innovatively address current issues in logic, metamathematics, philosophy of language, philosophy of science, and cognitive science, as well as philosophical problems of biology, chemistry and physics. The volume will be of interest to philosophers, logicians and scientists interested in foundational problems of their disciplines
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- I: Logic and Metamathematics. 1. A classification of logics over FLew. 2. On representing semantics in finite models. 3. Spectra of formulae with Henkin quantifiers. 4. On SigmaN-definability in arithmetic. 5. Arithmetic complexity of the predicate logics. 6. Straightforward proof of Köbler-Messner's result. 7. On the persistent difficulty of disjunction -- II: Science. 8. Science, lifeworld and realism. 9. Explaining laws by reduction. 10. Akaike's theorem and Bayesian methodology. 11. Does a living system have a state? 12. Do genes code for traits? 13. Chemistry and the completeness of physics. 14. The thermodynamic arrow of time. 15. Modal interpretations. 16. Cartwright's models are not adequate for EPR -- III: Language. 17. Radical anti-realism and substructural logics. 18. The minimalist conception of truth. 19. Truth and satisfaction by the empty sequence. 20. Truth, propositions and context. 21. Actuality and possibility. 22. Possible worlds semantics and the liar -- IV: Cognition. 23. The triplet modeling of concept connections. 24. Evaluation and testing in creativity. 25. Assessment in the limits of scientific inquiry. 26. Inferential traps in an escalation process -- Index of Names.
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  • 75
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401000536
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (256p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 58
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Scandinavian languages ; Syntax. ; Grammar. ; Linguistics ; Comparative linguistics ; Germanic languages ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax.
    Abstract: Focusing primarily on Swedish, a Germanic language whose particles have not previously been studied extensively, Non-Projecting Words: A Case Study on Swedish Particles develops a theory of non-projecting words in which particles are morphologically independent words that do not project phrases. Particles have long constituted a puzzle for Germanic syntax, as they exhibit properties of both morphological and syntactic constructs. Although non-projecting words have appeared in the literature before, it has gone largely unnoticed that such structures violate the basic tenets of X-bar theory. This work identifies these violations and develops a formally explicit revision of X-bar theory that can accommodate the requisite "weak" projections. The resulting theory, stated in terms of Lexical-Functional Grammar, also yields a novel classification of clitics, and it sheds new light on a range of recent theoretical proposals, including economy, multi-word constructions, and the primitives of lexical semantics. At an abstract level, we see that the modular, parallel-projection architecture of LFG is essential to the description of a variety of otherwise recalcitrant facts about non-projecting words
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  • 76
    ISBN: 9789401001199
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 187 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 57
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Arabic languages ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Syntax. ; Arabic language. ; Linguistics ; Romance languages ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax. ; Oriental languages.
    Abstract: This book analyzes the structure of coordination from two perspectives: the symmetrical properties the construction imposes on its conjuncts, and how conjuncts interact with other categories outside coordination with respect to agreement and other grammatical phenomena. It focuses on data from Spanish as this language is characterized by its rich pattern of overt agreement between the subject and the verb, between nouns and adjectives, and also between clitics and lexical DP objects and indirect objects. -It offers a simple, unified theory of coordination within current syntactic frameworks -It provides a succinct summary of the main analysis of coordination, highlighting the most important generalizations they have made -It proposes explicit analyses for long-standing problems in issues of coordination -It provides a detailed description of agreement patterns in different languages (primarily Spanish), and the connection between agreement and word order -It presents a detailed account of the connection between switch-reference and coordination
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  • 77
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401002073
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (232p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 55
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Indic philology ; Indian languages. ; Linguistics ; Indians—Languages.
    Abstract: This book is a phonetic fieldwork study of the sound system of an important Native American language. It is one of the few monograph-length phonetic investigations of an indigenous North American language. As the field of typological studies grows, it is evident that the languages of the Americas have to be included in order to obtain a complete picture of natural human language, especially since the American Indian languages show significantly different typological features. The Navajo Sound System: -provides a baseline description of the phonetics of the Navajo language, as it is spoken on the Navajo reservation today; | -is based on an instrumental analysis of recordings collected from native speakers; -is important to classroom education (language instruction) and clinical (speech pathology and audiology) settings; -helps broaden our knowledge of sound systems beyond the range of English and more well studied languages; -is a complement to the seminal Young and Morgan grammars and dictionaries of Navajo language
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  • 78
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401737302
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (229 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Zutot: Perspectives on Jewish Culture 1
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics ; Philosophy, Asian. ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Philology ; Historical linguistics. ; Philosophy—History. ; Language and languages—Style.
    Abstract: The yearbook aims to fill a gap that has become more and more conspicuous among the wealth of scholarly periodicals in the field of Jewish Studies. Whereas existing journals provide space to medium - and large sized articles, they neglect the small but poignant contributions, which may be as important as the extended, detailed study. The yearbook serves as a platform for small but incisive contributions, and provides them with distinct context. The substance of these contributions is derived from larger perspectives and though not always presented in an exhaustive way, will have an impact on contemporary discussions. The yearbook covers Jewish Culture in its broadest sense, i.e. encompassing various academic disciplines - literature, languages and linguistics, philosophy, art, sociology, politics and history - and reflects binary oppositions such as religious and secular, high and low, written and oral, male and female culture
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  • 79
    ISBN: 9789401704755
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (376 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 316
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy. ; Artificial intelligence ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: This is the second of two volumes containing papers submitted by the invited speakers to the 11th international Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, held in Cracow in 1999, under the auspices of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science, Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science. The invited speakers are the leading researchers and accordingly the book presents the current state of the intellectual discourse in the respective fields
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  • 80
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401003513
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (344p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 53
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Arabic languages ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Regional planning ; Semitic languages ; Grammar. ; Syntax. ; Arabic language. ; Culture—Study and teaching. ; Linguistics ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax. ; Oriental languages. ; Ethnology. ; Culture.
    Abstract: This collection spans diverse themes in the syntax of Arabic, Modern Arabic dialects and Hebrew. The original contributors are written by specialists with an eye to both broad theoretical and conceptual issues as well as empirical detail. The editors' introduction sets in Generative Grammar. Among the topics discussed in this collection are VSO and SVO, cliticization and agreement, questions and the syntax of wh-movement, cognate objects, adjectival Construct State , Though construction, Gapping, causatives, the syntax of negation and the semantics of the Nominal sentence. It is the only collection of its kind targeting theoretical linguists and specialists in Semitic language alike
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  • 81
    ISBN: 9789401005524
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 275 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 78
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    Keywords: Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Semantics ; Syntax. ; Linguistics ; Pragmatism ; Historical linguistics. ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: This book provides an extensive account of perfect constructions in German, of its numerous meaning effects, and of its interaction with temporal adverbials and temporal subclauses. By doing this, it takes the semantics of the whole German tense system into account, provides analyses of several temporal adverbials and their intricate behavior, and offers new ideas concerning the semantics of temporal subclauses. Although one of the main goals of the book is to integrate the results of the study into a formal semantic framework, it also considers many pragmatic factors as well as aspects concerning German syntax. The book will be of interest to scholars and advanced students interested in issues regarding tense, aspect, temporal adverbials, and temporal subclauses
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  • 82
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401002790
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (400p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Kluwer International Handbooks of Linguistics 2
    Series Statement: International Handbooks of Linguistics 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Arabic languages ; Phonology ; Semitic languages ; Arabic language. ; Linguistics ; African Languages ; Oriental languages. ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Phonology.
    Abstract: This book deals with syllable structure in the two main languages spoken in Morocco. Its theoretical outlook is that of generative phonology. We first deal with Tashlhiyt Berber. This language has a syllable structure with properties which are highly unusual. On the one hand, complex consonant sequences are a common occurrence in the surface representations. On the other hand, syllable structure is very simple. The way these two conflicting demands are reconciled is by allowing vowelless syllables. Any consonant may act as a syllable nucleus. Nuclear status is preferentially assigned to segments which are more sonorous than their neighbours. In the last two chapters we argue that our conclusions about Tashlhiyt Berber carry over to a certain extent to Moroccan Arabic. The inventories of syllable types of the two languages are very similar. Unlike Tashlhiyt, Moroccan Arabic has an epenthetic vowel, but it also allows vowelless syllables
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9789401002912
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIII, 250 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics 31
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Syntax. ; Psycholinguistics ; Romance languages ; Applied linguistics. ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax.
    Abstract: Recent developments in linguistic theory, as well as the growing body of evidence from languages other than English, provide new opportunities for deeper explorations into how language is represented in the mind of learners. This collection of new empirical studies on the acquisition of Spanish morphosyntax by leading researchers in the field of language acquisition, specifically contributes to the characterization of the L1 / L2 connection in acquisition. Using L1 and L2 Spanish data from children and adults, the authors seek to address the central questions that have occupied developmental psycholinguists in the final decades of the previous century and that will no doubt continue engaging them into the present one
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  • 84
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401734394
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 273 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: How is linguistic theory related to linguistic practice? What do theoretical notions and models tell us about real-life language use? Are there any limits to what such notions and models can reasonably be taken to accomplish? These questions are fundamental to any serious investigation into the phenomena of human communication. The essays in this book show that philosophers and linguists of quite different brands have tended to give undue priority to their own favourite theoretical framework, and have presupposed that the descriptive scheme invoked by that framework constitutes a pattern to which any linguistic practice somehow has to conform. What unites the contributors to this volume is a critical attitude towards such essentialist aspirations. By investigating several concrete examples of this tendency - examples collected from such seemingly disparate areas as structuralism, contemporary analytic philosophy and feminist epistemology - the authors collectively manage to cast doubt on the very attempt to fit the whole of linguistic practice into a general theoretical mould
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Part I: Historical Perspectives. On the Linguistic Turn in Philosophy. Humboldt: Grammatical Form and `Weltansicht'. Language as Sign and Use: A Study of Certain Aspects of Saussure's View of Language -- Part II: Prejudiced Preconceptions: Notions of Language Within Linguistics and Feminist Epistemology. Expression and Content in Linguistic Theory. The History of Swedish Grammar and Professor Chomsky. How Ordinary is Ordinary Experience? Language in Feminist Epistemology and Philosophy of Science -- Part III: The Practice of Meaning and Truth. Putnam on Truth. Meaning, Saying, Truth -- Part IV: Themes from Wittgenstein. Wittgenstein, Meursault and the Difficulty of Philosophy. Wittgenstein, Logical Form and Grammatical Remarks. On Rule-Following. Are We all Trapped in Nonsense? On the Need for a Listener and Community Standards -- References -- Notes on the Contributors -- Index.
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  • 85
    ISBN: 9789401006040
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 381 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 54
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Syntax. ; Linguistics ; Germanic languages ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax.
    Abstract: Features, Categories, and the Syntax of A-Positions investigates various aspects of the distribution of nominal arguments, and in particular the cross-linguistic variation that can be found among the Germanic languages in this domain of the syntax. The empirical topics that are discussed include variable vs. fixed argument order, the distribution of subjects with respect to adjuncts, expletive constructions, and oblique subjecthood. These and many other phenomena are analyzed within a theoretical framework which is based on the Minimalist Program. The book argues that the traditional theoretical devices accounting for the distribution of arguments in generative syntax (abstract Case, the Extended Projection Principle) should be eliminated from the grammar and that their apparent effects can be derived from the feature specifications of syntactic categories. Furthermore, it is shown that several aspects of the cross-linguistic variation found in the syntax of arguments can be related to variation in the domain of inflectional morphology
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgments -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Features, Categories and Checking, Towards Deriving the EPP and Abstract Case -- 3. Syntactic Effects of Morphological Case -- 4. Subjecthood and Agreement -- 5. On Expletives -- 6. Oblique Case and Subjecthood. Or: Why Icelandic is Different -- 7. Conclusion. References -- Language Index -- Name Index -- Subject Index.
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9789401718660
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (516 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Topoi Library 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The book's aim is to give a working representation of what metaphysics is today. The historical contributions reveal the roots of metaphysical themes and how today's methods are linked to their Aristotelian and Leibnizian past. The volume also touches on the relationships between ontological and linguistic analysis, the questions of realism and ontological commitment, the nature of abstract objects, the existential meaning of particular quantification, the primitiveness of identity, the question of epistemic versus ontological vagueness, the necessity of origin, the nature of natural necessity, the possibility of intermittent existence, the notion of a temporal part and its place in an account of persistence, the question of identity and change across time and possible worlds, and many more. Readership: A toolbox for any researcher in metaphysics and an essential source for any PhD student with ontological interests
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Part One: Ontology and Analysis. The Question of Realism. Words and Objects -- Part Two: Essence and Existence. Being and Essence in Contemporary Interpretations of Aristotle. Some Comments on Prof. Enrico Berti's Paper "Being and Essence in Contemporary Interpretations of Aristotle". Existence, Identity, and Aristotelian Tradition. Orenstein on Existence and Identity. Abstract Objects: A Case Study. Kinds, Essence, and Natural Necessity. Kinds of Necessity: a Commentary on E.J. Lowe's Paper -- Part Three: Identity. Aristotle's Notion of Identity. Sameness in Aristole's Topics. Identity and Supervenience. Comments on Wiggings's Paper "Identity and Supervenience". Vagueness, Identity, and Leibniz's Law. Williamson on Vagueness, Identity, and Leibniz's Law. Origins and Identities. Forbes on Origins and Identities -- Part Four: Time and Persistence. Leibniz, Composite Substances and the Persistence of Organic Things. On Naturalising Leibniz (a Reply to Anthony Savile). Temporal Parts and Identity Across Time. Van Inwagen on Temporal Parts and Identity Across Time. Change and Change-Ersatz. Starting over -- List of Contributors -- Bibliography -- Index of Names.
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  • 87
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401720205
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (352 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 227
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 227
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This collection of twenty papers deals with a wide range of issues in philosophy of language, epistemology, history of philosophy, philosophy of psychology, jurisprudence and philosophy of science. It should be of interest to, and prove a stimulus for new work by, researchers and practitioners working in any of these fields. Tracing a route backwards through the papers as presented here, the final group is largely concerned with how empirical knowledge may be acquired through evidence in states of uncertainty; the middle group explores how such evidence often requires or results in conceptual innovation and is given to us in language the meaning of which may be difficult to determine; the first group explores how a theory of meaning can be constructed for natural and artificial languages. The papers exhibit a distinctive analytical perspective and a great deal of thematic continuity, underpinned by commitment to the richness both of language and of enquiry and opposition to simplistic or dogmatic formalisations and analyses
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  • 88
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401737265
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 314 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Yearbook of Morphology
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Phonology ; Linguistics ; Psycholinguistics ; Historical linguistics. ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Phonology.
    Abstract: A revival of interest in morphology has occurred during recent years. The Yearbook of Morphology series, published since 1988, has proven to be an eminent support for this upswing of morphological research, since it contains articles on topics which are central in the current theoretical debates which are frequently referred to. In the Yearbook of Morphology 2001 a number of articles is devoted to the notion of productivity, and the role of analogy in coining new words. In relation to this topic, constraints on affix ordering in a number of Germanic languages are investigated. A second topic of this volume is the necessity and the role of the paradigm in morphological analyses; arguments for and against the formal role of the paradigm are presented. Thirdly, this volume discusses a number of general issues in morphological theory such as the relation between form and meaning in morphology, the accessibility of the internal morphological structure of complex words, and the interaction of morphology and prosody in truncation processes
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  • 89
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401003551
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (356p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics 30
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Psychology, clinical ; Psycholinguistics ; Historical linguistics. ; Neuropsychology.
    Abstract: Traditionally, computation - the rule-driven manipulation of symbols - as opposed to (lexical) storage, has been the main focus of research in the language faculty. There is, however, increasing evidence of a prominent role of storage. Constructions that could be computed not necessarily always are. In this volume, the relative roles of computation and storage are discussed, both theoretically and on the basis of linguistic, psycholinguistic, and brain-imaging evidence, with respect to a wide range of language phenomena, such as morphological processing, syntactic processing, limitations of parsing mechanisms, neural substrates of short-term storage versus computation, and the processing of discourse. Each chapter has been written by one or more outstanding experts in the field. The contributions are thorough, but at the same time free from unnecessary technical detail, so that the volume is accessible to experienced readers as well as students in linguistics, psychology, and other cognitive sciences
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401599948
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 293 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 10
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This book defends moral cognitivism with a new approach. The author maintains that the truth of moral judgments is determined in fundamentally the same way as is the truth of non-moral judgments, i.e. by appeal to truth conditions which are incorporated in beliefs held in common by a wide variety of societies. She argues that if a moral theory can be developed which can account for widely held, well-established moral beliefs, this would provide a set of truth conditions for moral judgments. A theory designed to do this - and through which major moral disagreements can be resolved - is presented here, together with discussions of many actual and possible objections. The book is intended for professional philosophers and advanced students of philosophy
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  • 91
    ISBN: 9789401735759
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 282 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 313
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy. ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: Willard Van Orman Quine (1908-2000) was probably the most influential American philosopher of the twentieth century. In Trading Ontology for Ideology Lieven Decock offers an insightful analysis of the development of Quine's ontological views from his first texts in the early thirties onwards. The importance of Quine's work in logic and set theory for his ontology is highlighted. Decock argues that the tenet of extensionalism is at least as important as naturalism, and assesses the relation between the two. The other focus of the work is the relation between ontology, i.e. what there is, and ideology, i.e. what can be expressed by means of words. Decock shows that the interplay between ontology and ideology is far more complicated and interesting than has generally been assumed
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401596541
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 256 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 299
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Logic ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: The Logic of Metaphor uses techniques from possible worlds semantics to provide formal truth-conditions for many grammatical classes of metaphors. It gives logically precise and practically useful syntactic and semantic rules for generating and interpreting metaphors. These rules are implemented in a working computer program. The book treats the lexicon as a conceptual network with semantics provided by an intensional predicate calculus. It gives rules for finding analogies in such networks. It shows how to analyse texts containing metaphors both syntactically and semantically and how to use structural similarities between parts of possible worlds to provide truth-conditions for metaphors. Meanings for metaphors are linked to the modal logics of identity and indiscernibility. The book shows how to extend deductive and adductive inference systems so as to handle metaphors and how to handle novel metaphorical word-senses. Indispensable reading for philosophers, logicians, linguists and computer scientists
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  • 93
    ISBN: 9789401005685
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 312 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics 28
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Semantics ; Linguistics ; Artificial intelligence ; Psycholinguistics ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: This book presents an in-depth study of the processing of tense, more specifically the English past tense. Against a detailed theoretical background, it presents a number of psycholinguistic studies examining how and when the language processor assigns an interpretation to tense morphology. In so doing, it looks at several specific topics: temporal anaphora resolution, adverb preposing and discourse relations, and the sequence-of-tense ambiguity. The picture which emerges is one in which the processor is not guided by preceding context in making interpretive decisions regarding tense, as previous work has suggested. Rather, sentence-level linguistic structure appears to cue the processor in deciding which of multiple possible interpretations to assign to a past-tense marker. The book also offers novel theoretical perspectives on issues of both linguistic (temporal adverbs, sentence- and discourse-level temporal interpretation) and psycholinguistic (models of semantic processing) interest. This work will be of interest to graduate students and researchers in linguistics and psycholinguistics working on semantic processing, temporal interpretation, and discourse processing
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401596565
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 369 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 295
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Humanities ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy of mind ; History ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Current debate in cognitive science, from robotics to analysis of vision, deals with problems like the perception of form, the structure and formation of mental images and their modelling, the ecological development of artificial intelligence, and cognitive analysis of natural language. It focuses in particular on the presence of a hierarchy of intellectual constructions in different formats of representation. These diverse approaches, which share a common assumption of the inner nature of representation, call for a new epistemology - even a new psychophysics - based on a theory of reference which is intrinsically cognitive. As a contribution to contemporary research, the reading presents the core of theories developed in Central Europe between the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries by philosophers, physicists, psychologists and semanticists who shared a dynamic approach and a pronounced concern with problems of interaction and dependence. These theories offer innovative solutions to some of the epistemological and philosophical problems currently at the centre of debate, like part-whole, theory of relations, and conceptual and linguistic categorization
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401596800
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXIV, 337 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 216
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 216
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Observations, Astronomical. ; Metaphysics ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Astronomy—Observations. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Incommensurability and Related Matters draws together some of the most distinguished contributors to the critical literature on the problem of the incommensurability of scientific theories. It addresses all the various problems raised by the problem of incommensurability, such as meaning change, reference of theoretical terms, scientific realism and anti-realism, rationality of theory choice, cognitive aspects of conceptual change, as well as exploring the broader implications of incommensurability for cultural difference. While it offers new work, and new directions of discussion, on the topic of incommensurability, the book also recapitulates the history of the discussion of the topic that has taken place within the literature on incommensurability
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401597197
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 271 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Text, Speech and Language Technology 17
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Image processing. ; Speech processing systems. ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics ; Signal processing.
    Abstract: In this book we address robustness issues at the speech recognition and natural language parsing levels, with a focus on feature extraction and noise robust recognition, adaptive systems, language modeling, parsing, and natural language understanding. This book attempts to give a clear overview of the main technologies used in language and speech processing, along with an extensive bibliography to enable topics of interest to be pursued further. It also brings together speech and language technologies often considered separately. Robustness in Language and Speech Technology serves as a valuable reference and although not intended as a formal university textbook, contains some material that can be used for a course at the graduate or undergraduate level
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401737241
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 332 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Yearbook of Morphology
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Phonology ; Linguistics ; Psycholinguistics ; Historical linguistics. ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Phonology.
    Abstract: A revival of interest in morphology has occurred during recent years. The Yearbook of Morphology series, published since 1988, has proven to be an eminent support for this upswing of morphological research, since it contains articles on topics which are central in the current theoretical debates which are frequently referred to. The Yearbook of Morphology 2000 focuses on the relation between morphology and syntax. First, a number of articles is devoted to the ways in which morphological features can be expressed in the grammar of natural languages, both by morphological and syntactic devices. This also raises the more general issue of how we have to conceive of the relation between form and (grammatical) meaning. Several formalisms for inflectional paradigms are proposed. In addition, this volume deals with the demarcation between morphology and syntax: to which extent can syntactic principles and generalizations be used for a proper account of the morphology of a language? The languages discussed are Potawatomi, Latin, Greek, Romanian, West-Greenlandic, and German. A special feature of this volume is a section devoted to the analysis of the morphosyntax of a number of Austronesian languages, which are also relevant for deepening our insights into the relation between our morphology and syntax. Audience: Theoretical, descriptive, and historical linguists, morphologists, phonologists, computational linguists, and psycholinguists will find this book of interest
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401728683
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 163 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 296
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy of mind ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: This systematic development of the internal realist approach, first developed by Hilary Putnam, tries to steer a middle course between metaphysical realism and relativism. It argues against metaphysical realism that it is open to global skepticism and cannot cope with conceptual pluralism. Against realism it is claimed that there are mind-independent constraints on the validity of our claims to knowledge. The book provides a moderately verificationist account of semantics and a novel explanation of the idea of conceptual schemes. It is also argued that the approach developed can accommodate our commonsense realist intuitions and is also compatible with physicalism and naturalism. Readership: Philosophers at graduate student and advanced level. Advanced undergraduate courses could be based on certain parts of the book
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401008440
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (356p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Text, Speech and Language Technology 18
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics ; Psycholinguistics ; Statistics
    Abstract: This book is a comprehensive introduction to the statistical analysis of word frequency distributions, intended for computational linguists, corpus linguists, psycholinguists, and researchers in the field of quantitative stylistics. Word frequency distributions are characterized by very large numbers of rare words. This property leads to strange phenomena such as mean frequencies that systematically change as the number of observations is increased, relative frequencies that even in large samples are not fully reliable estimators of population probabilities, and model parameters that vary with text or corpus size. Special statistical techniques for the analysis of distributions with large numbers of rare events can be found in various technical journals. The aim of this book is to make these techniques more accessible for non-specialists, both theoretically, by means of a careful introduction to the underlying probabilistic and statistical concepts, and practically, by providing a program library implementing the main models for word frequency distributions
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401597135
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 237 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 49
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Medieval philosophy. ; Philosophy, medieval ; Logic ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Central topics in medieval logic are here treated in a way that is congenial to the modern reader, without compromising historical reliability. The achievements of medieval logic are made available to a wider philosophical public then the medievalists themselves. The three genres of logica moderna arising in a later Middle Ages are covered: obligations, insolubles and consequences - the first time these have been treated in such a unified way. The articles on obligations look at the role of logical consistence in medieval disputation techniques. Those on insolubles concentrate on medieval solutions to the Liar Paradox. There is also a systematic account of how medieval authors described the logical content of an inference, and how they thought that the validity of an inference could be guaranteed
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