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  • Dordrecht : Springer  (508)
  • Dordrecht : Springer Science/Kluwer Academic Publishers  (3)
  • Hoboken : Taylor and Francis
  • Philosophy, modern  (307)
  • Genetic epistemology  (240)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789048129270
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 569 p. 10 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Dao Companions to Chinese Philosophy 6
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Dao companion to Daoist philosophy
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Regional planning ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Regional planning ; Religion (General) ; Taoismus ; Philosophie
    Abstract: This is the first comprehensive companion to the study of Daoism as a philosophical tradition. It provides a general overview of Daoist philosophy in various thinkers and texts from 6th century BCE to 5th century CE and reflects the latest academic developments in the field. It discusses theoretical and philosophical issues based on rigorous textual and historical investigations and examinations, reflecting both the ancient scholarship and modern approaches and methodologies. The themes include debates on the origin of the Daoism, the authorship and dating of the Laozi, the authorship and classification of chapters in the Zhuangzi, the themes and philosophical arguments in the Laozi and the Zhuangzi, their transformations and developments in Pre-Qin, Han, and Wei-Jin periods, by Huang-Lao school, Heguanzi, Wenzi, Huainanzi, Wang Bi, Guo Xiang, and Worthies in bamboo grove, among others. Each chapter is written by expert(s) and specialist(s) on the topic discussed
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789048129218
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 422 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Dao Companions to Chinese Philosophy 5
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dao companion to Japanese Confucian philosophy
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Regional planning ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy, Confucian--Japan. ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Japan ; Konfuzianismus ; Ideengeschichte 1600-1868
    Abstract: This volume features in-depth philosophical analyses of major Japanese Confucian philosophers as well as themes and topics addressed in their writings. Its main historical focus is the early-modern period (1600-1868), when much original Confucian philosophizing occurred. Written by scholars from the United States, Canada, Europe, Australia, Japan, and China and eclectic in methodology and disciplinary approach, this anthology seeks to advance new multidimensional studies of Japanese Confucian philosophy for English language readers. It presents essays that focus on Japanese Confucianism, while including topics related to Buddhism, Shintō, Nativism, and even Andō Shōeki 安藤昌益 (1703-1762), one of the most vehement critics of Confucianism in all of East Asia. The book builds on the premise that Japanese Confucian philosophy consists in the ongoing engagement in critical, self-reflective discussions of and speculative theorizing about ethics, epistemology, metaphysics, political theory, and spiritual problems, as well as aesthetics, cosmology, and ontology
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400760677
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 273 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 106
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Neutrality and theory of law
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    Keywords: Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of law ; Criminology ; Law ; Law ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of law ; Criminology ; Criminology ; Genetic epistemology ; Law ; Philosophy of law ; Law ; Philosophy ; Congresses ; Konferenzschrift 2010 ; Rechtswissenschaft ; Rechtstheorie ; Rechtspositivismus ; Rechtsphilosophie ; Rechtsphilosophie ; Kriminologie
    Abstract: This book brings together twelve of the most important legal philosophers in the Anglo-American and Civil Law traditions. The book is a collection of the papers these philosophers presented at the Conference on Neutrality and Theory of Law, held at the University of Girona, in May 2010. The central question that the conference and this collection seek to answer is: Can a theory of law be neutral? The book covers most of the main jurisprudential debates. It presents an overall discussion of the connection between law and morals, and the possibility of determining the content of law without appealing to any normative argument. It examines the type of project currently being held by jurisprudential scholarship. It studies the different approaches to theorizing about the nature or concept of law, the role of conceptual analysis and the essential features of law. Moreover, it sheds some light on what can be learned from studying the non-essential features of law. Finally, it analyzes the nature of legal statements and their truth values. This book takes the reader a step further to understanding law
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- The Province of Jurisprudence Underdetermined; Juan Carlos Bayón -- Necessity, Importance, and the Nature of Law; Frederick Schauer -- Ideals, Practices, and Concepts in Legal Theory; Brian Bix -- Alexy Between Positivism and non-Positivism; Eugenio Bulygin -- The Architecture of Jurisprudence ; Jules Coleman -- Norms, Truth and Legal Statements; Jorge Rodríguez -- Juristenrecht. Inventing Rights, Obligations, and Powers; Riccardo Guastini -- The Demarcation Problem in Jurisprudence: A New Case for Skepticism; Brian Leiter -- Normative Legal Positivism, Neutrality, and the Rule of Law; Bruno Celano -- On the Neutrality of Charter Reasoning; Wilfrid Waluchow -- Between Positivism and Non-Positivism? A Third Reply to Eugenio Bulygin; Robert Alexy -- The Scientific Model of Jurisprudence; Dan Priel -- Jurisprudential Methodology: Is Pure Interpretation Possible?; Kevin Walton.    ​.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400753570 , 1283936097 , 9781283936095
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 215 p. 23 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 362
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Bayesian argumentation
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Computer simulation ; Applied linguistics ; Social sciences Methodology ; Applied psychology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Computer simulation ; Applied linguistics ; Social sciences Methodology ; Applied psychology ; Reasoning (Psychology) ; Congresses ; Logic ; Congresses ; Thought and thinking ; Congresses ; Probabilities ; Congresses ; Bayesian statistical decision theory ; Congresses ; Konferenzschrift ; Argumentationstheorie ; Bayes-Entscheidungstheorie
    Abstract: Relevant to, and drawing from, a range of disciplines, the chapters in this collection show the diversity, and applicability, of research in Bayesian argumentation. Together, they form a challenge to philosophers versed in both the use and criticism of Bayesian models who have largely overlooked their potential in argumentation. Selected from contributions to a multidisciplinary workshop on the topic held in Lund, Sweden, in autumn 2010, the authors count legal scholars and cognitive scientists among their number, in addition to philosophers. They analyze material that includes real-life court cases, experimental research results, and the insights gained from computer models.The volume provides a formal measure of subjective argument strength and argument force, robust enough to allow advocates of opposing sides of an argument to agree on the relative strengths of their supporting reasoning. With papers from leading figures such as Mike Oaksford and Ulrike Hahn, the book comprises recent research conducted at the frontiers of Bayesian argumentation and provides a multitude of examples in which these formal tools can be applied to informal argument. It signals new and impending developments in philosophy, which has seen Bayesian models deployed in formal epistemology and philosophy of science, but has yet to explore the full potential of Bayesian models as a framework in argumentation. In doing so, this revealing anthology looks destined to become a standard teaching text in years to come.
    Description / Table of Contents: Bayesian Argumentation; Foreword; Contents; Bayesian Argumentation: The Practical Side of Probability; 1 Introduction; 2 The Bayesian Approach to Argumentation; 3 Chapter Overview; 3.1 The Bayesian Approach to Argumentation; 3.2 The Legal Domain; 3.3 Modeling Rational Agents; 3.4 Theoretical Issues; References; Part I: The Bayesian Approach to Argumentation; Testimony and Argument: A Bayesian Perspective; 1 Introduction; 2 Testimony, Argumentation and the `Third Way´; 3 Some Problems for MAXMIN; 4 A Bayesian Perspective; 5 Message Content and Message Source: Exploring Norms and Intuitions
    Description / Table of Contents: 6 Rehousing Argumentation Schemes Within a Bayesian Framework7 Concluding Remarks; References; Why Are We Convinced by the Ad Hominem Argument?: Bayesian Source Reliability and Pragma-Dialectical Discussion Rules; 1 Types of the Argumentum Ad Hominem; 2 The Pragma-Dialectical Approach; 3 The Bayesian Approach; 4 An Experiment on the Argument Ad Hominem; 5 Method; 6 Results and Discussion; 7 Conclusion; Appendix: Experimental Materials; Abusive; Circumstantial; Tu Quoque; Control; References; 1 Introduction; 2 Survey of Relevant Uncertainties; Part II: The Legal Domain
    Description / Table of Contents: A Survey of Uncertainties and Their Consequences in Probabilistic Legal Argumentation2.1 The Example Case; 2.2 Factual Uncertainty; 2.3 Normative Uncertainty; 2.4 Moral Uncertainty; 2.5 Empirical Uncertainty; 2.6 Interdependencies; 3 Desirable Attributes for a Probabilistic Argument Model to Assist Litigation Planning; 3.1 Assessment of Utilities; 3.2 Easy Knowledge Engineering; 3.3 Conflict Resolution and Argument Weights; 4 Sample Assessment of Graphical Models; 4.1 A Graphical Structure of the Analysis; 4.2 Casting the Example into a Graphical Model; 4.3 Generic Bayesian Networks
    Description / Table of Contents: 5 Carneades5.1 A Brief Introduction to the Carneades Model; 5.2 Carneades Bayesian Networks; 5.3 Carneades Bayesian Networks with Probabilistic Assumptions; 5.4 Introduction to Argument Weights; 6 Extension of Carneades to Support Probabilistic Argument Weights; 7 Desiderata for Future Developments; 7.1 Weights Subject to Argumentation; 7.2 Inform Weights from Values; 8 Conclusions and Future Work; References; Was It Wrong to Use Statistics in R v Clark? A Case Study of the Use of Statistical Evidence in Criminal Courts; 1 Introduction; 2 Factual Background; 3 Existing Explanations
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.1 The Flaws in Meadow´s Calculation3.2 The Psychological Effect of the Statistical Evidence; 3.3 The Prosecutor´s Fallacy; 3.4 Bayes´ Theorem; 3.5 The Insignificance of the SIDS Statistics; 4 The Contrastive Explanation; 5 Conclusion; References; Part III: Modeling Rational Agents; A Bayesian Simulation Model of Group Deliberation and Polarization; 1 Introduction; 2 The Laputa Simulation Framework; 3 The Underlying Bayesian Model; 4 Interpreting Laputa; 5 Do Bayesian Inquirers Polarize?; 6 Conclusion and Discussion; Appendix; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Degrees of Justification, Bayes´ Rule, and Rationality
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: Frank Zenker.​- Part 1 -- The Bayesian Approach to Argumentation -- Chapter 1. Testimony and Argument: A Bayesian Perspective: Ulrike Hahn, Mike Oaksford and Adam J.L. Harris -- Chapter 2. Why are we convinced by the Ad Hominem Argument?: Source Reliability or Pragma-Dialectics: Mike Oaksford and Ulrike Hahn.- Part 2. The Legal Domain.-Chapter 3. A survey of uncertainties and their consequences in Probabilistic Legal Argumentation: Matthias Grabmair and Kevin D. Ashley -- Chapter 4. What went wrong in the case of Sally Clark? A case-study of the use of Statistical Evidence in Court: Amid Pundik -- Part 3. Modeling Rational Agents -- Chapter 5. A Bayesian Simulation Model of Group Deliberation: Erik J. Olsson -- Chapter 6. Degrees of Justification, Bayes' Rule, and Rationality: Gregor Betz -- Chapter 7. Argumentation with (Bounded) Rational Agents: Robert van Rooij and Kris de Jaeghery -- Part 4. Theoretical Issues -- Chapter 8. Reductio, Coherence, and the Myth of Epistemic Circularity: Tomoji Shogenji -- Chapter 9. On Argument Strength: Niki Pfeiffer -- Chapter 10 -- Upping the Stakes and the Preface Paradox: Jonny Blamey -- References.​.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400745995 , 128363385X , 9781283633857
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 255 p. 102 illus., 12 illus. in color, digital)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 357
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Betz, Gregor Debate dynamics: how controversy improves our beliefs
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Science Philosophy ; Artificial intelligence ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Science Philosophy ; Artificial intelligence ; Argumentationstheorie ; Debatte
    Abstract: Is critical argumentation an effective way to overcome disagreement? And does the exchange of arguments bring opponents in a controversy closer to the truth? This study provides a new perspective on these pivotal questions. By means of multi-agent simulations, it investigates the truth and consensus-conduciveness of controversial debates. The book brings together research in formal epistemology and argumentation theory. Aside from its consequences for discursive practice, the work may have important implications for philosophy of science and the way we construe scientific rationality as well.
    Description / Table of Contents: Debate Dynamics: How Controversy Improves Our Beliefs; Acknowledgements; Contents; Chapter 1: General Introduction; 1.1 The Aims of Argumentation; 1.2 An Example of a Controversial Argumentation; 1.3 Modeling Controversial Debate; 1.4 Results Pertaining to Consensus-Conduciveness; 1.5 Results Pertaining to Truth-Conduciveness; 1.6 Objections and Caveats; 1.7 Putting the Approach in Perspective; Chapter 2: An Introduction to the Theory of Dialectical Structures; 2.1 Fundamental Concepts; 2.2 Degrees of Justification; 2.3 The Space of Coherent Positions; 2.4 Normalized Closeness Centrality
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.5 Inferential Density2.6 The General Design of the Simulations; Part I: Why Do We Agree? On the Consensus-Conduciveness of Controversial Argumentation; Chapter 3: Introduction to Part I; 3.1 Outline of Part I; 3.2 Main Results and Their Justification; Chapter 4: The Consensual Dynamics of Simple Random Debates; 4.1 Setup; 4.2 Results; 4.3 Discussion; 4.4 Results, Continued; 4.5 Discussion, Continued; Chapter 5: The Consensual Dynamics of Random Debates with Explicit Background Knowledge; 5.1 Setup; 5.2 Results; 5.3 Discussion
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 6: Comparing the Consensual Dynamics of Four Proponent-Specific Argumentation Strategies in Dualistic Debates6.1 Setup; 6.2 Results; 6.3 Discussion; Chapter 7: The Consensual Dynamics of Argumentation Strategies in Many-Proponent Debates; 7.1 Setup; 7.2 Results; 7.3 Discussion; Chapter 8: The Consensual Dynamics of Debates with Core Updating; 8.1 Setup; 8.2 Results; 8.3 Discussion; Chapter 9: The Consensual Dynamics of Debates with Core Argumentation; 9.1 Setup; 9.2 Results; 9.3 Discussion; Part II: How Do We Know? On the Truth-Conduciveness of Controversial Argumentation
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 10: Introduction to Part II10.1 Outline of Part II; 10.2 Main Results and Their Justification; Chapter 11: The Veritistic Dynamics of Simple Random Debates; 11.1 Setup; 11.2 Results; 11.2.1 Truth's Attraction: How Rapidly Does the Proponents' Verisimilitude Increase?; 11.2.2 The Verisimilitude of Consensus Positions: Is Mutual Agreement a Good Indicator of Having Reached the Truth?; 11.2.3 The Verisimilitude of Stable Positions: Are Proponent Positions Which Remain Relatively Stable Closer to the Truth?; 11.3 Discussion
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 12: The Veritistic Dynamics of Random Debates with Explicit Background Knowledge12.1 Setup; 12.2 Results; 12.3 Discussion; Chapter 13: Comparing the Veritistic Dynamics of Four Proponent-Specific Argumentation Strategies in Dualistic Debates; 13.1 Setup; 13.2 Results; 13.3 Discussion; Chapter 14: The Veritistic Dynamics of Argumentation Strategies in Many-Proponent Debates; 14.1 Setup; 14.2 Results; 14.2.1 Truth's Attraction: How Rapidly Does the Proponents' Verisimilitude Increase?
    Description / Table of Contents: 14.2.2 The Verisimilitude of Consensus Positions: Is Mutual Agreement a Good Indicator of Having Reached the Truth?
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400751378
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 161 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 31
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Chemistry ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Chemistry ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic
    Abstract: This compelling reevaluation of the relationship between logic and knowledge affirms the key role that the notion of judgement must play in such a review. The commentary repatriates the concept of judgement in the discussion, banished in recent times by the logical positivism of Wittgenstein, Hilbert and Schlick, and the Platonism of Bolzano. The volume commences with the insights of Swedish philosopher Per Martin-Löf, the father of constructive type theory, for whom logic is a demonstrative science in which judgement is a settled feature of the landscape. His paper opens the first of four sections that examine, in turn, historical philosophical assessments of judgement and reason; their place in early modern philosophy; the notion of judgement and logical theory in Wolff, Kant and Neo-Kantians like Windelband; their development in the Husserlian phenomenological paradigm; and the work of Bolzano, Russell and Frege. The papers, whose authors include Per Martin-Löf, Göran Sundholm, Michael Della Rocca and Robin Rollinger, represent a finely judged editorial selection highlighting work on philosophers exercised by the question of whether or not an epistemic notion of judgement has a role to play in logic. The volume will be of profound interest to students and academicians for its application of historical developments in philosophy to the solution of vexatious contemporary issues in the foundation of logic. ​
    Description / Table of Contents: Judgement and the Epistemic Foundation of Logic; Preface; Contents; Introduction; Bibliography; Part I: Constructivism, Judgement and Reason; Chapter 1: Verificationism Then and Now; Chapter 2: Demonstrations Versus Proofs, Being an Afterword to Constructions, Proofs, and the Meaning of the Logical Constants; Bibliography; Chapter 3: Containment and Variation; Two Strands in the Development of Analyticity from Aristotle to Martin-Löf; Bibliography; Part II: Judgement and Reason in the Seventeenth Century; Chapter 4: Descartes' Theory of Judgement: Warranted Assertions, the Key to Science*
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Descartes' Debate with Scholastic Logic over the Foundations of Science2 The Rules for the Forming of True Judgements; 3 The Many Uses of the Concept of Judgement in Descartes' Mathesis; Bibliography; Chapter 5: Striving, Oomph, and Intelligibility in Spinoza; 1 Descartes and the Great Intelligibility Trade-Off; 2 Strengthening Intelligibility; 3 Weakening Intelligibility; Bibliography; I. Works by Descartes; II. Works by Spinoza; III. Works by Leibniz; IV. Works by Hume; V. Other Works; Part III: Kant, Neo-Kantianism, and Bolzano
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 6: The Role of Wolff's Analysis of Judgements in Kant's Inaugural Dissertation1 Wolff's Analysis of Judgements; 2 Meier's Notion of Condition; 3 The Strategy of Kant's Dissertation; 4 Three Classes of Subreption; Bibliography; Chapter 7: Windelband on Beurteilung; 1 Windelband's Definition of Judgement; 2 Windelband's Three-Step Argument; 3 Judgeable Content; 4 Assessing Under Assumption of Epistemic Values; 5 The Nature of Epistemic Assessment; Bibliography; I. Primary; II. Secondary; Chapter 8: A Priori Knowledge in Bolzano, Conceptual Truths, and Judgements
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 The Apriori in Bolzano1.1 Concepts and Conceptual Truths; 1.2 Conceptual Truths and Judgements A Priori; 1.2.1 Conceptual Truths and Analytic Truths; 1.2.2 Empirical Analytic Truths; 1.2.3 Synthetic Conceptual Truths; 1.3 How Are Synthetic Judgements A Priori Possible?; 2 Understanding (C1): Bolzano's Epistemology; 2.1 Judgements and Subjective Representations; 2.2 Bolzano's Analysis of the Concept of Knowledge; 2.2.1 Confidence; 2.2.2 How Much Confidence?; 3 Understanding (C2): Knowing a Concept; 3.1 The Correspondence Assumption; 3.2 Having a Representation, Clarity, and Distinctness
    Description / Table of Contents: 4 Definitions, Proofs, and Synthetic Truths4.1 Knowledge and Proof; 4.2 Two Remaining Problems; 4.3 The Case of Fundamental Truths; 5 Conclusion; Bibliography; Part IV: Husserl, Frege and Russell; Chapter 9: Immanent and Real States of Affairs in Husserl's Early Theory of Judgement: Reflections on Manuscripts from 1893/1894 and Their Background in the Logic of Brentano and Stumpf; 1 Introduction; 2 Brentano and Stumpf on Contents of Judgement; 2.1 Brentano; 2.2 Stumpf; 2.3 Excursus: Other Students of Brentano; 3 Husserl's Theory of Judgement (1893/1894)
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.1 Psychological Studies in Elementary Logic
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Part 1. Constructivism, Judgement, and Reason -- Chapter 1. Verificationism then and now: Per Martin-Löf -- Chapter 2. Demonstrations versus Proofs, being an afterword to 'Constructions, Proofs and the meaning of Logical Constants': Göran Sundholm -- Chapter 3. Containment and Variation: Two Strands in the Development of Analyticity from Aristotle to Martin-Löf: Göran Sundholm -- Part 2. Judgement and Reason in the Seventeenth Century -- Chapter 4. Decartes' Theory of Judgement: Warranted Assertions, the Key to Science: Elodie Cassan -- Chapter 5. Striving, Oomph, and Intelligibility in Spinoza: Michael Della Rocca -- Part 3. Kant, Neo-Kantianism, and Bolzano -- Chapter 6. The Role of Wolff's Analysis of Judgments in Kant's Inaugural Dissertation: Johan Blok -- Chapter 7. Windelband on 'Beurteilung’: Arnaud Dewalque -- Chapter 8. A Priori Knowledge in Bolzano; Conceptual Truths and Judgements: Stefan Roski -- Part 4. Husserl, Frege and Russell -- Chapter 9. Immanent and Real States of Affairs in Husserl's Early Theory of Judgement: Robin Rollinger -- Chapter 10. Frege and Russell on Assertion: Jeremy Kelly.​.
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9789400755642 , 1283909006 , 9781283909006
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 109 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Philosophy
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
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    Keywords: Epistemology ; Economics ; Ethics ; Economic history ; Social sciences ; Genetic epistemology ; Economics ; Ethics ; Economics Methodology ; Social sciences Methodology ; Wirtschaftswissenschaften ; Praktische Vernunft ; Theoretische Vernunft ; Wirtschaftsphilosophie
    Abstract: Table of contents -- Summary -- Preface -- Chapter I: Introduction -- Chapter II: Nancy Cartwright, Capacities and Nomological Machines: The Role of Theoretical Reason in Science -- Chapter III: Sen’s Capability Approach: The Role of Practical Reason in Social Science -- Chapter IV: The Contributions of Aristotle’s Thought to the Capability Approach -- Chapter V: Socio-Economic Machines and Practical Models of Development: The Role of the Human Development Index -- Chapter VI: Conclusion: Theoretical and Practical Reason in Economics
    Abstract: The aim of the book is to argue for the restoration of theoretical and practical reason to economics. It presents Nancy Cartwright and Amartya Sen’s ideas as cases of this restoration and sees Aristotle as an influence on their thought. It looks at how we can use these ideas to develop a valuable understanding of practical reason for solving concrete problems in science and society. Cartwright’s capacities are real causes of events. Sen’s capabilities are the human person’s freedoms or possibilities. They relate these concepts to Aristotelian concepts. This suggests that these concepts can be combined. Sen’s capabilities are Cartwright’s capacities in the human realm; capabilities are real causes of events in economic life. Institutions allow us to deliberate on and guide our decisions about capabilities, through the use of practical reason. Institutions thus embody practical reason and infuse certain predictability into economic action. The book presents a case study: the UNDP’s HDI
    Description / Table of Contents: Theoreticaland PracticalReason in Economics; Preface; Contents; Summary; 1 Introduction; References; 2 Nancy Cartwright, Capacities and Nomological Machines: The Role of Theoretical Reason in Science; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 The Cartwright-Aristotle Connection; 2.2.1 The Connection; 2.2.2 The Ontology of Capacities; 2.2.3 The Epistemology of Capacities; 2.3 Cartwright's Skepticism About Capacities in the Social Realm; 2.3.1 Cartwright's Skepticism; 2.3.2 Julian Reiss's Interpretation and Proposal; 2.4 Socio-Economic Machines; 2.5 Conclusion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: 3 Sen's Capability Approach: The Role of Practical Reason in Social Science3.1 Introducing the Capability Approach; 3.2 Some Problems in Sen's CA; 3.2.1 Identification of Valuable Capabilities: The Debate Over Lists of Capabilities; 3.2.2 Heterogeneity and Incommensurability; References; 4 The Contributions of Aristotle's Thought to the Capability Approach; 4.1 Aristotle on Lists; 4.1.1 The Supposedly Aristotelian List; 4.1.2 The True Aristotelian List; 4.1.3 Back to Sen; 4.2 "Practical Comparability" as a Way of Overcoming Incommensurability14; 4.2.1 The Aristotelian Conception
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.2.1.1 Commensuration4.2.1.2 Comparison by Intensity or Degree of Quality; 4.2.1.3 Comparison by Priority; 4.2.2 Back to Sen; 4.3 Some Conclusions Regarding the Aristotelian Contribution to the CA; 4.4 Capabilities and Capacities; 4.5 Conclusion; References; 5 Chapter Socio: -Economic Machines and Practical Models of Development: The Role of the HDI; 5.1 Socio-Economic Machines; 5.2 The HDI4; 5.3 Some Problems with Index Numbers and the HDI; 5.4 Theoretical and Practical Reason in the HDI
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.5 Conclusion: The Role of the HDI for the Construction of a Normative Socio-Economic Machine of Human DevelopmentReferences; 6 Conclusion: Theoretical and Practical Reason in Economics; Reference
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9789400754287 , 1283634449 , 9781283634441
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 94 p. 4 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Philosophy
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Biology Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Biology Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Science Philosophy ; Entscheidung ; Vernunft ; Neurowissenschaften
    Abstract: This book carries out an epistemological analysis of the decision, including a critical analysis through the continuous reference to an interdisciplinary approach including a synthesis of philosophical approaches, biology and neuroscience. Besides this it represents the analysis of causality here seen not from the formal point of view, but from the 'embodied' point of view. ?
    Abstract: This book carries out an epistemological analysis of the decision, including a critical analysis through the continuous reference to an interdisciplinary approach including a synthesis of philosophical approaches, biology and neuroscience. Besides this it represents the analysis of causality here seen not from the formal point of view, but from the "embodied" point of view
    Description / Table of Contents: Epistemology of Decision; Preface; Acknowledgments; Contents; Introduction; Rationality and NeuroeconomicsPart I; 1 Rationality and Experimental Economics; 1.1 The Theory of Rational Choice; 1.2 Game Theory; 1.3 Teleology, Instrumentalism and Interpretivism; 1.4 Experimental Economics; 1.5 Criticism of Experimental Economics; References; 2 Neuroeconomics; 2.1 Neuroeconomics and Causality; 2.2 Game Theory and Neuroscience; 2.3 The Role of Social Cognition; 2.4 Empathy Basic and Empathy Re-Enactive; 2.5 Doubts, Feasibility and Future of Neuroeconomics; References
    Description / Table of Contents: The Biological ApproachesPart II3 Evolutionary Economics and Biological Complexity; 3.1 Biology and the Economy; 3.2 Economic Progress and Evolutionism; 3.3 The Computational Methods and the Engineering Approach; 3.4 Complexity; References;
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789400761100
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 270 p. 4 illus., 3 illus. in color, digital)
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 107
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Coherence: insights from philosophy, jurisprudence and artificial intelligence
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    Keywords: Genetic epistemology ; Computers Law and legislation ; Law ; Law ; Genetic epistemology ; Computers Law and legislation ; Law ; Philosophy ; Sense of coherence ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Kohärenz ; Rechtsphilosophie
    Abstract: This book is a thorough treatise concerned with coherence and its significance in legal reasoning. The individual chapters present the topic from the general philosophical perspective, the perspective of legal-theory as well as the viewpoint of cognitive sciences and the research on artificial intelligence and law. As it has turned out the interchange of knowledge among these disciplines is very fruitful for each of them, providing mutual inspiration and increasing understanding of a given topic. This book is a unique resource for anyone interested in the concept of coherence and the role it plays in reasoning. As this book captures important contemporary issues concerning the ongoing discussion on coherence and law, those interested in legal reasoning should find it particularly helpful. By presenting such a broad scope of views and methods on approaching the issue of coherence we hope to promote the general interest in the topic as well as the academic research that centers around coherence and law.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- About the Authors -- Table of Contents -- Three Kinds of Coherentism; Jaap Hage -- Coherence and Reliability in Judicial Reasoning; Stefan Schubert and Erik J. Olsson -- Coherence and Probability: A Probabilistic Account of Coherence; William Roche -- Coherence: An Outline in Six Metaphors and Four Rules; Juan Manuel Peréz Bermejo -- Legal Interpretation and Coherence; Bartosz Brożek -- Normative Inconsistency and Logical Theories. A First Critique of Defeasibilism; Giovanni Battista Ratti -- The Third Theory of Legal Objectivity; Aldo Schiavello -- Pattern Languages & Institutional Facts.Functions and Coherences in the Law; Kenneth Ehrenberg -- Consistency and Coherence in the “Hypertext” of Law. A Textological Approach; Wojciech Cyrul -- Case Classification, Similarities, Spaces of Reasons, and Coherences; Marcello Guarini -- Coherence as Constraint Satisfaction: Judicial Reasoning Support Mechanism; Jaromír Šavelka -- Limits of Constraint Satisfaction Theory of Coherence as a Theory of (Legal) Reasoning; Michał Araszkiewicz -- Ten Theses on Coherence in Law; Amalia Amaya.  Introduction -- About the Authors -- Table of Contents -- Three Kinds of Coherentism; Jaap Hage -- Coherence and Reliability in Judicial Reasoning; Stefan Schubert and Erik J. Olsson -- Coherence and Probability: A Probabilistic Account of Coherence; William Roche -- Coherence: An Outline in Six Metaphors and Four Rules; Juan Manuel Peréz Bermejo -- Legal Interpretation and Coherence; Bartosz Brożek -- Normative Inconsistency and Logical Theories. A First Critique of Defeasibilism; Giovanni Battista Ratti -- The Third Theory of Legal Objectivity; Aldo Schiavello -- Pattern Languages & Institutional Facts.Functions and Coherences in the Law; Kenneth Ehrenberg -- Consistency and Coherence in the “Hypertext” of Law. A Textological Approach; Wojciech Cyrul -- Case Classification, Similarities, Spaces of Reasons, and Coherences; Marcello Guarini -- Coherence as Constraint Satisfaction: Judicial Reasoning Support Mechanism; Jaromír Šavelka -- Limits of Constraint Satisfaction Theory of Coherence as a Theory of (Legal) Reasoning; Michał Araszkiewicz -- Ten Theses on Coherence in Law; Amalia Amaya.  .
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 1283698137 , 9789400750432 , 9781283698139
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 308 p) , digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H.L. van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 207
    Parallel Title: Print version The Philosophy of Edmund Husserl
    DDC: 142.7
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938
    Abstract: The present volume containing the dissertation of Dorion Cairns is the first part of a comprehensive edition of the philosophical papers of one of the foremost disseminators and interpreters of Husserlian phenomenology in North-America. Based on his intimate knowledge of Husserl's published writings and unpublished manuscripts and on the many conversations and discussions he had with Husserl and Fink during his stay in Freiburg i. Br. in 1931-1932. Cairns's dissertation is a comprehensive exposition of the methodological foundations and the concrete phenomenological analyses of Husserl's transcendental phenomenology. The lucidity and precision of Cairns's presentation is remarkable and demonstrates the secure grasp he had of Husserl's philosophical intentions and phenomenological distinctions. Starting from the phenomenological reduction and Husserl's Idea of Philosophy, Cairns proceeds with a detailed analysis of intentionality and the intentional structures of consciousness. In its scope and in the depth and nuance of its understanding, Cairns's dissertation belongs beside the writings on Husserl by Levinas and Fink from the same period
    Abstract: The present volume containing the dissertation of Dorion Cairns is the first part of a comprehensive edition of the philosophical papers of one of the foremost disseminators and interpreters of Husserlian phenomenology in North-America.Based on his intimate knowledge of Husserl’s published writings and unpublished manuscripts and on the many conversations and discussions he had with Husserl and Fink during his stay in Freiburg i. Br. in 1931-1932. Cairns’s dissertation is a comprehensive exposition of the methodological foundations and the concrete phenomenological analyses of Husserl’s transcendental phenomenology. The lucidity and precision of Cairns’s presentation is remarkable and demonstrates the secure grasp he had of Husserl’s philosophical intentions and phenomenological distinctions. Starting from the phenomenological reduction and Husserl’s Idea of Philosophy, Cairns proceeds with a detailed analysis of intentionality and the intentional structures of consciousness. In its scope and in the depth and nuance of its understanding, Cairns’s dissertation belongs beside the writings on Husserl by Levinas and Fink from the same period.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Philosophy of Edmund Husserl; Editorial Foreword; Preface; Summary6; Contents; Chapter 1: The Transcendental Phenomenological Reduction: Husserl's Concept of the Idea of Philosophy; Appendix; Chapter 2: General Nature of Intentionality; Chapter 3: General Structure of the Act-Correlate*; Chapter 4: Thetic Quality; Chapter 5: Act-Horizon; Chapter 6: Founded Structures; Chapter 7: Direct and Indirect, Impressional and Reproductive, Consciousness; Chapter 8: Evidence; Chapter 9: Fulfilment; Chapter 10: Pure Possibility; Chapter 11: Recapitulation and Program
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 12: The Egological ReductionChapter 13: Primordial Sense-Perception; Chapter 14: Primordial Sense-Perception (Continued); Chapter 15: The Founding Strata of Primordial Sense-Perception; Chapter 16: The Constitution of Immanent Objects, and the General Nature of Association; Chapter 17: Spontaneity in General Attention; Chapter 18: Doxic Explication; Chapter 19: The Ego-Aspect of Evidence and the Evidence of Reflection; Chapter 20: Syntactical Acts and Syntactical Objects; Chapter 21: The Eidos and the Apriori; Chapter 22: Value Objects and Practical Objects
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 23: Conceptualization and ExpressionChapter 24: The Transcendental Ego; Chapter 25: The Transcendental Monad; Chapter 26: The Other Mind and the Intersubjective World; Chapter 27: Conclusion; Index;
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. The Transcendental Phenomenological Reduction: Husserl's concept of the Idea of Philosophy -- a. Appendix to Chapter 1 -- 2. General Nature of Intentionality -- 3. General Structure of the Act-Correlate -- 4. Thetic Quality -- 5. Act-Horizon -- 6. Founded Structures -- 7. Direct and Indirect, Impressional and Reproductive, Consciousness -- 8. Evidence -- 9. Fulfilment -- 10. Pure Possibility -- 11. Recapitulation and Program. 12. The Egological Reduction -- 13. Primordial Sense-Perception.-  14. Primordial Sense-Perception (Continued) -- 15. The Founding Strata of Primordial Sense-Perception -- 16. The Constitution of Immanent Objects, and the General Nature of Association.-  17. Spontaneity in General Attention -- 18. Doxic Explication -- 19. The Ego-Aspect of Evidence and the Evidence of Reflection -- 20. Syntactical Acts and Syntactical Objects -- 21. The Eidos and the Apriori -- 22. Value Objects and Practical Objects.-  23. Conceptualization and Expression.-  24. The Transcendental Ego.-  25. The Transcendental Monad -- 26. The Other Mind and the Intersubjective World -- 27. Conclusion.​.
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400752436
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 241 p. 13 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Philosophy of Engineering and Technology 9
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Norms in technology
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ethics ; Technology Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ethics ; Technology Philosophy ; Technik ; Philosophie ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Technik ; Philosophie ; Erkenntnistheorie
    Abstract: This book offers a fusion of philosophy and technology, delineating the normative landscape that informs today s technologies and tomorrow s inventions. It examines what is deemed to be the internal norms that govern the ever-expanding technical universe
    Abstract: This book is a distinctive fusion of philosophy and technology, delineating the normative landscape that informs today’s technologies and tomorrow’s inventions. The authors examine what we deem to be the internal norms that govern our ever-expanding technical universe. Recognizing that developments in technology and engineering literally create our human future, transforming existing knowledge into tomorrow’s tools and infrastructure, they chart the normative criteria we use to evaluate novel technological artifacts: how, for example, do we judge a ‘good’ from a ‘bad’ expert system or nuclear power plant? As well as these ‘functional’ norms, and the norms that guide technological knowledge and reasoning, the book examines commonly agreed benchmarks in safety and risk reduction, which play a pivotal role in engineering practice.Informed by the core insight that, in technology and engineering, factual knowledge relating, for example, to the properties of materials or the load-bearing characteristics of differing construction designs is not enough, this analysis follows the often unseen foundations upon which technologies rest-the norms that guide the creative forces shaping the technical landscape to come. The book, a comprehensive survey of these emerging topics in the philosophy of technology, clarifies the role these norms (epistemological, functional, and risk-assessing) play in technological innovation, and the consequences they have for our understanding of technological knowledge.
    Description / Table of Contents: Norms in Technology; Preface; Contents; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1 The Many Relations Between Norms and Technology; 2 Two Types of Instrumental Norms; 3 Norms, Risk and Safety; 3.1 The Illusion of Nonnormative Risk Assessment; 3.2 The Undesirability of Risks; 3.3 Prioritization Among Incomparable Risks; 3.4 Probability Weighing; 3.5 Safety Norms in Engineering Practice; 4 The Structure of the Book; Part I: Normativity in Technological Knowledge and Action; Chapter 2: Extending the Scope of the Theory of Knowledge; 1 Introduction; 2 Science and Engineering Knowledge; 3 Engineering Knowledge
    Description / Table of Contents: 4 Exploring Types of Engineering Knowledge5 Will the Justified True Belief Account Work?; 6 Bearers of Knowledge: Beliefs, Actions and Other Categories; 7 Conclusion; Appendix : Edison's Patent; References; Chapter 3: Rules, Plans and the Normativity of Technological Knowledge; 1 Introduction; 2 Technological Rules and Norms; 3 Plans and Agents; 4 Normativity in Technological Knowledge; 5 Towards an Epistemology of Routines; 6 Conclusions; References; Chapter 4: Beliefs, Acceptances and Technological Knowledge; 1 Introduction: Can Technological Knowledge Be a Matter of Beliefs Only?
    Description / Table of Contents: 2 Types of Acceptances3 Types of Technological Knowledge; 4 Conclusions; References; Chapter 5: Policy Objectives and the Functions of Transport Systems; 1 Introduction; 2 Background and Observations; 2.1 Swedish Transport Policy Objectives; 2.2 Conceptions of Objectives and Rationality; 3 Normative Implications and Lessons Learned; 3.1 Goals Are Subject to Evaluation and Updating; 3.2 There Is a Trade-Off Between Precision and Flexibility; 3.3 Different Kinds of Goals Require Different Approaches; 4 Philosophical Relevance; 4.1 Future Generations
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.2 Standard of Measurement (Axiological Commensurability)4.3 Fairness; 5 Concluding Remarks; References; Chapter 6: Rational Goals in Engineering Design: The Venice Dams; 1 Introduction; 2 The Function of Engineering Goals; 3 Designing the MOSE System; 4 Precision; 5 Evaluability; 6 Approachability; 7 Consistency; 8 Concluding Remarks; References; Part II: Normativity and Artefact Norms; Chapter 7: Valuation of Artefacts and the Normativity of Technology; 1 Introduction; 2 Classifying Value Statements; 2.1 Quantitative Classification; 2.2 Classification in Terms of Value Standards
    Description / Table of Contents: 3 Categories of Technological Objects4 Functional Value Statements in Technology; 4.1 Function and Value: A First Approximation; 4.2 Four Types of Categories; 4.3 Asymmetries in the Use of Value Terms; 5 Norms; 6 Conclusion; Appendix: The Logic of Category-Specified Value; Categories and Their Elements; Subcategories; Value Predicates; Some Valid Inference Principles; References; Chapter 8: Artefactual Norms; 1 Introduction; 2 What's in a Norm?; 3 Artefact Use and Norms; 3.1 Compatibility; 3.2 Interference; 3.3 Quality; 4 Artefact Design and Norms; 4.1 Marketability; 4.2 Manufacturability
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.3 Transportability, Installability
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Introduction -- Part I. Normativity in Technological Knowledge and Action.-Chapter 1.  Extending the scope of technological knowledge: Anthonie W.M. Meijers and Peter Kroes -- Chapter 2. Rules, plans and the normativity of technological knowledge: Wybo Houkes -- Chapter 3. Beliefs, acceptances and technological knowledge: Marc J. de Vries and Anthonie W.M. Meijers -- Chapter 4. Policy objectives and the functions of transport systems: Holger Rosencrantz -- Chapter 5. Rational Goals in Engineering Design: The Venice Dams Case: Karin Edvardsson Björnberg -- Part 2. Normativity and Artefact Norms -- Chapter 6. Valuation of Artefacts and the Normativity of Technology: Sven Ove Hansson -- Chapter 7. Artifactual norms: Krist Vaesen -- Chapter 8. Instrumental Artifact Functions and Normativity: Jesse Hughes -- Chapter 9. The goodness and kindness of artefacts: Maarten Franssen -- Part 3. Normativity and Technological Risks -- Chapter 10. The Non-Reductivity of Normativity in Risks: Niklas Möller -- Chapter 11. Risk and Degrees of Rightness: Martin Peterson and Nicolas Espinoza -- Chapter 12. Naturalness, Artifacts, and Value: Per Sandin -- Chapter 13. Trust in Technological Systems: Philip J. Nickel -- Index.     ​.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400752610
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 192 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Sophia Studies in Cross-cultural Philosophy of Traditions and Cultures 4
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Aquinas, education and the East
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, medieval ; Philosophy, modern ; Education Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, medieval ; Philosophy, modern ; Education Philosophy ; Thomas, ; Aquinas, Saint, 1225?-1274 ; Education ; Philosophy ; Philosophy, Asian ; Civilization, Oriental ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Erziehung ; Thomas von Aquin, Heiliger 1225-1274 ; Östliche Philosophie
    Abstract: A confluence of scholarly interest has resulted in a revival of Thomistic scholarship across the world. Several areas in the investigation of St. Thomas Aquinas, however, remain under-explored. This volume contributes to two of these neglected areas. First, the volume evaluates the contemporary relevance of St. Thomas's views for the philosophy and practice of education. The second area explored involves the intersections of the Angelic Doctor’s thought and the numerous cultures and intellectual traditions of the East. Contributors to this section examine the reception, creative appropriation, and various points of convergence between St. Thomas and the East
    Description / Table of Contents: Aquinas, Education and the East; Foreword; Acknowledgments; Contents; Introduction; Part I: Aquinas and Education: Understanding and Extending Aquinas; Aquinas and His Understanding of Teaching and Learning; 1 Introduction; 2 Teaching and Learning; 3 Conclusion; End Notes; References; Aquinas on Connaturality and Education; 1 Introduction; 2 Philosophical Anthropology and Its Ontological Background in Aquinas; 3 Virtues and Connatural Knowledge; 4 Applications to Contemporary Education; End Notes; References; Aquinas and the Second Person in the Formation of Virtues
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 The Mystery of Aquinas' Virtue Ethics2 The Gifts and the Second Person; 3 The Fruits and Interpersonal Resonance; 4 Implications of the Second Person for Virtue Formation; End Notes; References; Aquinas on Shame: A Contemporary Interchange; 1 Contexts, Aims and Methodologies; 2 Meaning and Role of Shame; 3 Aquinas: Subversive About Shame?; 4 Final Observations; End Notes; References; Part II: Aquinas and the East: Comparative Approaches; Can Morality Be Taught? Aquinas and Mencius on Moral Education; 1 Aquinas on Education; 2 Aquinas and Mencius on Education: A Comparative Reading
    Description / Table of Contents: End NotesReferences; Exemplars for the Moral Education of Beginners in the Religious Life: Aquinas and Dōgen; End Notes; References; The Simplicity of the Ultimate: East and West; 1 Introduction; 2 The Fascination of Simplicity; 3 Religious Resistance to Simplicity; 4 Bringing Nirvāna Down to Earth; 5 Conclusion; End Notes; References; Aquinas and Locke on Empiricism, Epistemology, and Education; 1 Introduction; 2 Aquinas on Scientia and the Teacher; 3 Locke on Knowledge and Education; 4 Conclusion; End Notes; References; Part III: Education and the East: Reflections on Educational Policy
    Description / Table of Contents: Reorganising Schools as Social Enterprises: Play Schools and Gifted Education1 Introduction; 2 Play Schools; 3 Gifted Education; 4 Memoria Christi: Final Thoughts; End Notes; References; Education for All and International Cooperation for Education Development: Ongoing Implications for National Policy in the Philippines; 1 Preamble; 2 Regional Cooperation: A Philippine Perspective; 3 Education Reform Programs 1990 - Present Day; 4 Current Situation; 5 Implications for Policy; References; Index
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400721876 , 1283633663 , 9781283633666
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 289 p. 10 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library 71
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Hume, David 1711-1776 A treatise of human nature ; Objekt
    Abstract: This book provides the first comprehensive account of Humes conception of objects in Book I of A Treatise of Human Nature. What, according to Hume, are objects? Ideas? Impressions? Mind-independent objects? All three? None of the above? Through a close textual analysis, Rocknak shows that Hume thought that objects are imagined ideas. But, she argues, he struggled with two accounts of how and when we imagine such ideas. On the one hand, Hume believed that we always and universally imagine that objects are the causes of our perceptions. On the other hand, he thought that we only imagine such causes when we reach a "philosophical level of thought. This tension manifests itself in Humes account of personal identity; a tension that, Rocknak argues, Hume acknowledges in the Appendix to the Treatise. As a result of Rocknaks detailed account of Humes conception of objects, we are forced to accommodate new interpretations of, at least, Humes notions of belief, personal identity, justification and causality.
    Description / Table of Contents: Imagined Causes: Hume's Conception of Objects; Contents; General Introduction; General Overview; Structure of This Book; Part I: Laying the Groundwork; Introduction to Part I; Chapter 1: Four Distinctions; 1 Introduction; 2 Distinction #1: Impressions v. Ideas; 2.1 A Note on Hume's Psychological Method; 3 Distinction #2: Impressions of Sensation v. Impressions of Reflection; 4 The Scope of the Memory and Imagination; 5 Distinction #3: Simple Perceptions v. Complex Perceptions; 5.1 General Overview; 5.2 The Origin of Simple Ideas; 5.3 The Separability of Simple Ideas
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.4 The Origin of Complex Ideas6 Distinction #4: The Principle of Imagination v. the Principle of Memory; 7 Representation 25; 7.1 The Precision Argument: Beattie; 7.2 Response to Beattie; 7.3 The Relational Argument: Falkenstein; 7.4 A Response to Falkenstein; 7.5 The Qualitative Argument: Garrett; 7.6 Response to Garrett; 7.7 Textual Evidence that Directly Opposes the Replication Theory; 8 Summary; 8.1 Principles; Chapter 2: Elementary Belief, Causally-Produced Belief and the Natural Relation of Causality; 1 Introduction; 2 Elementary Belief: The Positive Account of Induction, Part I
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1 Of the Component Parts of Our Reasonings Concerning Cause and Effect: An Analysis of 1.3.42.2 Of the Impressions of the Senses and Memory: An Analysis of 1.3.5; 2.3 Of the Inference from the Impression to the Idea: An Analysis of 1.3.6; 2.3.1 Experience; 3 Causally-Produced Belief: The Positive Account of Induction, Part II; 4 Necessity: The Negative Account of Induction; 4.1 Why Reason Does Not Provide the Idea of Causal Necessity; 4.2 The Role of the Imagination; 4.3 The Role of Resemblance; A Partial Analysis of 1.3.14
    Description / Table of Contents: 5 The Natural Relation of Causality v. The Philosophical Relation of Causality: A Closer Look6 Humean Reason: An Overview; 6.1 Reasoning as a Comparison: Demonstrative v. Probable; 7 Summary; Chapter 3: The Two Systems of Reality; 1 Introduction; 2 The Two Systems; 3 Elementary Beliefs and Causally-Produced Beliefs: How Do They Operate in Hume's Two Systems of Reality?; 4 General Rules; 5 Resemblance and Contiguity; 6 Justification: What We Know So Far; 7 Summary; Summary of Part I; Part II: Perfect Identity and the Transcendental Imagination; Introduction to Part II
    Description / Table of Contents: A Brief Review of the ScholarshipPrice; Kemp Smith; Wilbanks; Waxman; Summary; Transcendentalism and Naturalism: A Happy Marriage?; Structural Overview of Part II; Chapter 4: Proto-Objects; 1 Introduction; 2 A Brief Review of the Different Meanings of a Humean Object; 3 Six Instances Where 'Object' Means Simple Idea; 4 Proto-Objects Do Not Admit of a Perfect Identity; 4.1 A Preliminary Glance at "Perfect Identity"; 4.2 Proto Objects and Continuity and Distinctness; 4.2.1 Why the Senses Are Not Responsible for Our Belief in the Continued and Distinct Existence of Objects
    Description / Table of Contents: 5 Continuity and Distinctness v. Uninterruptedness and Invariability
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9789400760134
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 151 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 45
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of mind ; Computer simulation ; Consciousness ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of mind ; Computer simulation ; Consciousness
    Abstract: As is well known, cognition is not only a self-organising process. It is also a co-operative and coupled process. If we consider the external environment as a complex, multiple and stratified Source which interacts with the nervous system, we can easily realise that the cognitive activities devoted to the "intelligent" search for the depth information living in the Source, may determine the very change of the complexity conditions according to which the Source progressively expresses its "wild" action. In this sense, simulation models are not neutral or purely speculative: the true cognition actually appears to be necessarily connected with successful forms of reading, those forms, in particular, that permit a specific coherent unfolding of the deep information content of the Source. Therefore, the simulation models, if valid, materialise as "creative" channels, i.e., as autonomous functional systems, as the very roots of a new possible development of the entire system represented by mind and its Reality
    Abstract: As is well known, cognition is not only a self-organising process. It is also a co-operative and coupled process. If we consider the external environment as a complex, multiple and stratified Source which interacts with the nervous system, we can easily realise that the cognitive activities devoted to the "intelligent" search for the depth information living in the Source, may determine the very change of the complexity conditions according to which the Source progressively expresses its "wild" action. In this sense, simulation models are not neutral or purely speculative: the true cognition actually appears to be necessarily connected with successful forms of reading, those forms, in particular, that permit a specific coherent unfolding of the deep information content of the Source. Therefore, the simulation models, if valid, materialise as "creative" channels, i.e., as autonomous functional systems, as the very roots of a new possible development of the entire system represented by mind and its Reality
    Description / Table of Contents: Epistemic Complexity and Knowledge Construction; Acknowledgements; Contents; Chapter 1: Complexity, Self-Organization and Natural Evolution; 1.1 Entropy and the "Intermediate State"; 1.2 Algorithmic Complexity and Self-Referentiality; 1.3 Cellular Automata and Self-Organization; Notes; Chapter 2: Embodiment Processes and Biological Computing; 2.1 The Game of Life and the Alternative Splicing; 2.2 The Interface Between Ruler and Coder; 2.3 The Recipe at Work: The Role of the Simulation Tools at the Evolutionary Level; 2.4 Reflexive Domains vs. Self-Organizing Domains; Notes
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 3: Randomness, Semantic Information and Limitation Procedures3.1 Logic and Probability: The Role of Constituents; 3.2 Semantic Information and Algorithmic Complexity; 3.3 Surface Information vs. Depth Information: The Biological Computer; 3.4 Non-standard Models and Limitation Procedures; Notes; Chapter 4: Natural Language and Boolean Semantics: the Genesis of the Cognitive Code; 4.1 Intensional Language and Natural Logic; 4.2 Logic and Ontology; 4.3 Meaning as Use and the Unfolding of Cognitive Activity; Notes; Chapter 5: Morphogenesis and the Emergence of Meaning
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.1 Eigenforms, Categorial Intuitions and Rational Perception5.2 Meaning Clarification and the "Thinking I"; 5.3 Knowledge and Reality: The Role of Conceptual Constructions; Notes; Bibliography; Name Index; Subject Index
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400743182 , 1283633736 , 9781283633734
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 288 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Dao Companions to Chinese Philosophy 2
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Political science Philosophy ; History ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Political science Philosophy ; History ; Han, Fei
    Abstract: Han Fei, who died in 233 BC, was one of the primary philosophers of Chinas classical era, a reputation still intact despite recent neglect. This edited volume on the thinker, his views on politics and philosophy, and the tensions of his relations with Confucianism (which he derided) is the first of its kind in English.Featuring contributions from specialists in various disciplines including religious studies and literature, this new addition to the Dao Companions to Chinese Philosophy series includes the latest research. It breaks new ground with studies of Han Feis intellectual antecedents, and his relationship as a historical figure with Han Feizi, the text attributed to him, as well as surveying the full panoply of his thought. It also includes a chapter length survey of relevant scholarship, both in Chinese and Japanese.
    Description / Table of Contents: Dao Companion to the Philosophy of Han Fei; Editor's Acknowledgments; Contents; Contributors; Introduction: Han Fei and the Han Feizi; Works Cited; Part I: Han Fei's Predecessors; From Historical Evolution to the End of History: Past, Present and Future from Shang Yang to the First Emperor; Change and Stability in Warring States Thought; The Book of Lord Shang; Past, Present and Future in Han Fei; Qin's "End of History" and Its Aftermath; Works Cited; Shen Dao's Theory of fa and His In fl uence on Han Fei; Introduction; The Main Idea of the Shenzi Fragments: fa 法
    Description / Table of Contents: The Source of Law in Shen Dao's TheoryShen Dao's In fl uence on Han Fei; Works Cited; Part II: The Philosophy of Han Fei; Submerged by Absolute Power: The Ruler's Predicament in the Han Feizi; Foundations of the Ruler's Authority; Safeguarding the Ruler's Power; The Invisible Ruler; Back to Ministerial Power?; Conclusion; Works Cited; Beyond the Rule of Rules: The Foundations of Sovereign Power in the Han Feizi; Legitimating a Repressive Order: The Quest for an Artificial Paradise; From the Spontaneous to the Automatic; A Paradise with No Aberrations? The Paradox of the Norm and the Exception
    Description / Table of Contents: Inborn Human Nature: Changeable vs. UnchangeableHuman Qualities: Same vs. Different; The Source of Han Fei's View That Human Beings Focus on Pursuing Their Own Profit; Conclusion; Works Cited; Part IV: Studies of Specific Chapters; The Difficulty with "The Dif fi culties of Persuasion" ("Shuinan" 說難); Shui 說 in the Han Feizi; The Contradictions of "The Difficulties of Persuasion"; Early Authors on the Morality of shui 說; "Solitary Frustration" and the Morality of "The Dif fi culties of Persuasion"; The Legacy of Han Fei; Works Cited
    Description / Table of Contents: Han Feizi and the Old Master: A Comparative Analysis and Translation of Han Feizi Chapter 20, "Jie Lao," and Chapter 21, "Yu Lao"Introduction; Exegetical Strategies: Philosophical Principles Versus Illustrative Anecdotes; Passages Cited; Citation Styles; Citation Content: The Whole vs. The Part?; The Han Feizi and the Wang Bi Laozi Texts; Markers of Date; Bang Versus Guo to Denote the Concept of the State; The Historical Anecdotes of "Yu Lao"; Viewpoint and Vocabulary; "Yu Lao"; "Jie Lao"; Harmonizing Inner Potency, Humaneness, Righteousness, and Ritual ( de 德, ren 仁, yi 義, li 禮)
    Description / Table of Contents: Cultivating the Compassion of the Mother
    Description / Table of Contents: Works CitedHan Fei on the Problem of Morality; What Is Order?; On Morality and Order; A Possible Role for Morality in Governance?; On the Notion of Desert; Works Cited; Part III: Han Fei and Confucianism; Han Fei and Confucianism: Toward a Synthesis; Works Cited; Did Xunzi's Theory of Human Nature Provide the Foundation for the Political Thought of Han Fei?; Introduction; Modern Scholars' Views of the Relationship Between Xunzi and Han Fei; The Concept of xing in the Xunzi and the Han Feizi; Minxing 民性; Tianxing 天性; Qingxing 情性; The Concept of ren 人 (Mankind) in the Xunzi and the Han Feizi
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9789400751927
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXVI, 226 p. 6 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 105
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Leibniz: logico-philosophical puzzles in the law
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy of law ; Law ; Law ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy of law ; Quelle ; Kommentar ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 Specimen certitudinis seu demonstrationum in iure exhibitum in doctrina conditionum ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 ; Rechtsphilosophie ; Logik ; Rechtsfall
    Abstract: This volume presents two Leibnizian writings, the Specimen of Philosophical Questions Collected from the Law and the Dissertation on Perplexing Cases. These works, originally published in 1664 and 1666, constitute, respectively, Leibniz’s thesis for the title of Master of Philosophy and his doctoral dissertation in law. Besides providing evidence of the earliest development of Leibniz’s thought and amazing anticipations of his mature views, they present a genuine intellectual interest, for the freshness and originality of Leibniz’s reflections on a striking variety of logico-philosophical puzzles drawn from the law. The Specimen addresses puzzling issues resulting from apparent conflicts between law and philosophy (the latter broadly understood as comprising also mathematics, as well as empirical sciences). The Dissertation addresses cases whose solution is puzzling because of the convoluted logical form of legal dispositions and contractual clauses, or because of conflicting priorities between concurring parties. In each case, Leibniz dissects the problems with the greatest ingenuity, disentangling their different aspects, and proposing solutions always reasonable and sometimes surprising. And he does not refrain from peppering his intellectual acrobatics with some humorous comments. bbbbbb
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9789400765436
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 257 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice 26
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
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    Keywords: Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy of law ; Law ; Law ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy of law ; Europäische Union ; Produktsicherheit ; Vereinheitlichung
    Abstract: This book examines the increasing role of the legal method of systematisation in European Union (EU) law. It argues that the legal method of systematisation that has been developed in a welfare-state context is increasingly used as a regulative tool to functionally integrate the market. The book uses the example of EU product regulation as a reference to illustrate the impact of systematisation on EU law. It draws conclusions from this phenomenon and redefines the current place and origin of systematisation in the EU legal system. It puts forward and demonstrates two main arguments. First, in certain sectors such as in EU product safety law, the quality of EU law changes from a sector-specific and reactive field of law to an increasingly coherent legal system at European level. Therefore, instead of punctual market intervention, it increasingly governs whole market areas. By doing so, it challenges and often fully replaces the respective welfare-based legal systems in the Member States for the benefit of the ideal of a market-driven EU legal system. Second, at European level, the ideal is in development. This illustrates the change of the function of Statecraft from nation-states to market-states
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgements; Contents; Abbreviations; Introduction; 1 Approach and Aims; 2 Methods; 3 Structure; Chapter 1: Mapping the Systematization of EU Product Safety Regulation; 1.1 The Emergence of Conceptual Risk-Based Product Safety Regulation in Europe; 1.1.1 The Different and Yet Common Development of 'New Governance'- and 'New Approach'-Products - A Summary; 1.1.2 The Case of 'New Approach'-Products: From Experimental Restraint to Systematic Horizontal Concepts; 'Standard Setting' Under the Traditional Free Movement of Goods-Regime
    Description / Table of Contents: The First Wave of Systematization: The Introduction of the 'New Approach'-System as Response to the ECJ's Wider Interpretation of the Free Movement of GoodsThe Switch of the Understanding of Market Integration Through 'Dassonville' and 'Cassis de Dijon'; Widening the 'New Approach' and Introduction of Post-market Surveillance Systems; Reasons for the First Wave of Systematization of 'New Governance'-Products: The ECJ's Push for a New Understanding of Market Integration
    Description / Table of Contents: The Second Wave of Systematization: Conceptual Proposals Such as the Sutherland-Report, the Lisbon Agenda and the 'New Governance'- and 'Better Regulation'-ApproachThe Influence of the Sutherland-Report: Rationalization of Legislation Through Systematization; The Influence of the Lisbon-Agenda: European Market Integration Through Systematization; The Influence of the 'New Governance', 'Better Regulation', and 'Smart Regulation'-Strategies: Integration, Rationalization and Legitimisation Through Systematization; Intensifying and Institutionalising the 'New Approach'
    Description / Table of Contents: The New Legislative Framework for Marketing of ProductsReasons for the Second Wave of Systematization of 'New Approach'-Products: Rationalization, Market Integration and Legitimization; 1.1.3 The Case of 'New Governance'-Products: From Reaction Regulation to Consolidated and Codified Sector Specific Concepts; The First Wave: Sector-Specific Systematization as Reaction to Catastrophes; Regulation of Pharmaceuticals: The Thalidomide Story; Regulation of Food- and Feedstuff: Stories About Mad Cows and Dioxin Contaminations; Seveso and Chemical Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Reasons for the First Wave of Systematization of 'New Governance'-Products: People's PressureThe Second Wave: Systematic Sector Specific Consolidation and Codification After the 'New Governance'- and the 'Better Regulation'-Agenda; Substantial Systematization: The Introduction of Regulatory Logics to the Respective Areas; The 'Lisbon'-Agenda as General Guideline and the Transfer of 'New Approach' Logics to 'New Governance'-Products; European Systematization of Market Areas Through the Pharmacode, Foodcode and REACH
    Description / Table of Contents: Institutional Systematization: The Introduction of Regulatory Governance as the New Architecture of 'Supervision Governance'
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400752139
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 496 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology 66
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Husserl's Ideen
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Husserl, Edmund, 1859-1938 ; Ideen ; Husserl, Edmund, 1859-1938 ; Influence ; Phenomenology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 Ideen zu einer reinen Phänomenologie und phänomenologischen Philosophie ; Rezeption ; Ideengeschichte
    Abstract: This collection of more than two dozen essays by philosophy scholars of international repute traces the profound impact exerted by Husserl’s Meisterwerk, known in its shortened title as Ideen, whose first book was released in 1913. Published to coincide with the centenary of its original appearance, and fifty years after the second book went to print in 1952, the contributors offer a comprehensive array of perspectives on the ways in which Husserl’s concept of phenomenology influenced leading figures and movements of the last century, including, among others, Ortega y Gassett, Edith Stein, Martin Heidegger, Aron Gurwitsch, Ludwig Landgrebe, Dorion Cairns, Simone de Beauvoir, Jean-Paul Sartre, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Jacques Derrida and Giles Deleuze. In addition to its documentation and analysis of the historical reception of these works, this volume also illustrates the ongoing relevance of the Ideen, offering scholarly discussion of the issues raised by his ideas as well as by the figures who took part in critical phenomenological dialogue with them. Among the topics discussed are autism, empathy, the nature of the emotions, the method and practice of phenomenology, the foundations of ethics, naturalism, intentionality, and human rights, to name but a few. Taken together, these specially commissioned original essays offer an unrivaled overview of the reception of Husserl‘s Ideen, and the expanding phenomenological enterprise it initiated. They show that the critical discussion of issues by phenomenologists continues to be relevant for the 21st century.
    Description / Table of Contents: Husserl's Ideen; Preface; Contents; Introduction; The Project and First Effect of the Ideen; The Freiburg School and Beyond; The Organization of This Volume; Part I Initial and Continued Reception; Chapter 1: José Ortega y Gasset and Human Rights; The Influence of Husserl; A Non-idealistic Phenomenology; Introduction; Liberals and Communitarians with an Epilogue on Human Rights and Feminism; Reconstructing Plurality: The First Movement of Historical Reason; The Function of European Culture: The Second Movement of Historical Reason; Epilogue: Historical Reason and Full Human Rights for Women
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 2: Reading and Rereading the Ideen in JapanA Century of Japanese Readings; Introduction; Translating Husserl; The Early Phenomenologists; Phenomenology in Postwar Japan; Responding to the Ideen Today; Chapter 3: Edith Stein and Autism; Influence on Stein; An Application to Understanding Autism; The Husserl/Stein Theory of Intersubjectivity Applied to ASDs; Conclusions; Chapter 4: Ludwig Ferdinand Clauss and Racialization; Clauss and Husserl's Ideen I; Phenomenology's Rejection of the Biologization of Race; The Question of Race in Clauss
    Description / Table of Contents: The Phenomenological Concept of Race After ClaussToward a Phenomenology of Racialization; Implications for the Fight Against Racism; Chapter 5: The Ideen and Neo-Kantianism; Introduction; Eidetics, Intuition, and Conceptual Knowledge; Difficulties with an Eidetic Science of Consciousness; Conclusion: Phenomenology's Foundational Claim; Chapter 6: The Distinctive Structure of the Emotions; Introduction; Emotions as Non-objectivating and Founded Acts; A Phenomemological Case of the Emotions: Trust; Critical Assessment; Concluding Remarks; Chapter 7: From the Natural Attitude to the Life-World
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 8: Husserl on the Human Sciences in Ideen IIIntroduction; Concluding Remarks; Part II: After World War I; Chapter 9: The Spanish-Speaking World and José Vasconcelos; Ideen I in Spain and Hispano-America; On José Vasconcelos's Inverted Epochē and the Limits of Language; Chapter 10: Ideen I in Italy and Enzo Paci and the Milan School; A Historical Introduction; Paci's Interpretation of the Epochē; Chapter 11: Martin Heidegger and Grounding of Ethics; The Impact of the " Ideen " on Heidegger; Husserl and Heidegger on the Ultimate Grounds for Action; The Fundamental Difference
    Description / Table of Contents: Heidegger on the Groundless GroundHusserl on the Ultimate Grounds of Ethics; The Question Itself: Grounding Ultimate Grounds?; Chapter 12: Aron Gurwitsch and the Transcendence of the Physical; The Impact of Ideen I; The Transcendence of Physical Things; Introduction; Husserl in the Ideen; Merleau-Ponty; Going Further; Chapter 13: Ludwig Landgrebe and the Significance of Marginal Consciousness; Landgrebe with Husserl; The Significance of Marginal Consciousness; The "Organization" of Marginal Contents; Self-Awareness as Marginal
    Description / Table of Contents: The Streaming Character of Consciousness Constituted in the Margins
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- INITIAL AND CONTINUED RECEPTION -- 1. José Ortega y Gasset and Human Rights, J.M. Díaz Álvarez -- Reading and Rereading Ideen in Japan, T. Tani.-  Edith Stein and Autism, K.M. Haney.-  Ludwig Ferdinand Clauss and Racialization, R. Bernasconi -- The Ideen and Neo-Kantianism, A. Staiti.-  The Distinctive Structure of the Emotions, A.J. Steinbock -- From Natural Attitude to Life-World, D. Moran -- Husserl on the Human Sciences in Ideen II, T.M. Seebohm -- AFTER WORLD WAR I -- The Spanish Speaking World and José Vasconcelos, A. Zirión -- The Ideen and Italy, R.Sacconghi -- Martin Heidegger and the Grounding of Action, T.J. Nenon -- Aron Gurwitsch and the Transcendence of the Physical, W. McKenna -- Ludwig Landgrebe and Marginal Consciousness, D. Marcelle -- Dorion Cairns, Empirical Types, and Field of Consciousness, L. Embree -- Ideen I and Eugen Fink, R. Bruzina -- Emmanuel Levinas and a Soliloquy of Light and Reason, N. de Warren -- Jan Patočka and Built Space, J. Dodd -- The Ideen in the Portuguese Speaking World, P.M.S. Alves -- Alfred Schutz and the Problem of Empathy, M. Barber -- Jean-Paul Sartre and Phenomenological Ontology, M. C. Eshleman -- Simone de Beauvoir and Life, U. Björk -- Merleau-Ponty and Lifeworldly Naturalism, T. Toadvine -- AFTER WORLD WAR II -- Paul Ricoeur and the Praxis of Phenomenology, N. Depraz -- Post-War German Reception of Ideen I and Reflection, S. Geniusas -- Ideen I Confronting its Critics, R.R.P. Lerner -- Jacques Derrida and the Future, V.W. Cisney -- Gilles Deleuze, and Hearing-Oneself-Speak, L. Lawlor -- Thoughts on the Translation of Husserl‘s Ideen, Erstes Buch, F. Kersten -- Notes on Contributors. ​.
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  • 19
    Online Resource
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400750319 , 1283640864 , 9781283640862
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 318 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in German Idealism 14
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Studies in German idealism
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Poma, Andrea The impossibility and necessity of theodicy
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    Keywords: Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm: Essais de théodicée sur la bonté de Dieu, la liberté de l'homme et l'origine du mal ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm *1646-1716* ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; Philosophy ; Theodizee ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 Essais de théodicée sur la bonté de dieu, la liberté de l'homme et l'origine du mal ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 ; Theodizee ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 Essais de théodicée sur la bonté de dieu, la liberté de l'homme et l'origine du mal ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 ; Theodizee
    Abstract: This book provides an analytical interpretation of Leibniz's 'Essais de Théodicée' with wide-ranging references to all his works. It shows and upholds many thesis: Leibniz's rational conception of faith, his rational notion of mystery, the reformation of classical ontology, and the importance of Leibniz's thought in the tradition of the critical idealism. In his endeavor to formulate a theodicy, Leibniz emerges as a classic exponent of a non-immanentist modern rationalism, capable of engaging in a close dialogue with religion and faith. This relation implies that God and reason are directly involved in posing the challenge and that the defence of one is the defence of the other. Theodicy and logodicy are two key aspects of a philosophy which is open to faith and of a faith which is able to intervene in culture and history.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Impossibility and Necessity of Theodicy; Contents; Abbreviations and Symbols; Part I: The Impossibility and Necessity of Theodicy. The "Essais" of Leibniz; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1 Theodicy; 2 Philosophical Theodicy; 3 The Theodicy of Leibniz; Chapter 2: True Piety; 1 Truth and Appearance; 2 The Fundamental Truths of Faith; 3 Light and Virtue; 4 The Love of God; 5 Fatum Christianum; Chapter 3: Faith and Reason; 1 The General Terms of the Controversy; 2 Reason; 3 Truth Over and Against Reason: Mystery; 4 Faith and Apologetics: Comprehending and Upholding
    Description / Table of Contents: 5 The Antagonist of the Theodicy: ScepticismChapter 4: Apologetic Arguments in the Theodicy; 1 The Brief; 2 The Legal Arguments; 2.1 The Presumed Innocence of God; 2.2 That the Onus of Proof Lies with the Prosecution; 2.3 It Is Not Legitimate to Do Wrong in Order to Obtain that Which Is Right; 3 The Apologetic Arguments; 4 The Antagonist of the Theodicy: Gnosis; Chapter 5: Predetermination and Free Will; 1 Absolute Necessity vs. Hypothetical and Moral Necessity; 2 Contingency; 3 The Will; 4 Freedom; Chapter 6: Evil and the Best of All Possible Worlds; 1 The Principle of "the Best"
    Description / Table of Contents: 2 The Best of All Possible Worlds3 Evil; 4 Evil in the Best of All Possible Worlds; Chapter 7: God and the Reason Principle; 1 Divine Attributes: Faculties and Values; 2 The Central Role of Wisdom; 3 The Existence of God; 4 The Necessary Being and the Supremely Perfect Being; 5 God and the Reason Principle; Chapter 8: Conclusion; 1 The Theodicy of Leibniz; 2 Philosophical Theodicy; 3 Theodicy; Part II: Appendices; Chapter 9: Appendix One: The Metaphor of the "Two Labyrinths" and Its Implications in Leibniz's Thought; 1 The Metaphor and Its Meaning; 2 Geometric and Mechanical Curves
    Description / Table of Contents: 3 Natural and Artificial Machines4 Necessity and Contingency; 5 Hypothetical and Moral Necessity; 6 The Calculus of Variations; 7 The Best of All Possible Worlds; 8 Conclusion; Chapter 10: Appendix Two: The Reasons of Reason According to Leibniz; Chapter 11: Appendix Three: From Ontology to Ethics: Leibniz vs. Eckhard; Chapter 12: Appendix Four: Moral Necessity in Leibniz; 1 Possibility and Necessity: Non-existent Possibles; 2 Certain Determination; 3 Moral Necessity; Name Index;
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9789400744356
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVII, 385 p. 18 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 27
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Ontology ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Ontology ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical
    Abstract: This book brings together philosophers, mathematicians and logicians to penetrate important problems in the philosophy and foundations of mathematics. In philosophy, one has been concerned with the opposition between constructivism and classical mathematics and the different ontological and epistemological views that are reflected in this opposition. The dominant foundational framework for current mathematics is classical logic and set theory with the axiom of choice (ZFC). This framework is, however, laden with philosophical difficulties. One important alternative foundational programme that is actively pursued today is predicativistic constructivism based on Martin-Löf type theory. Associated philosophical foundations are meaning theories in the tradition of Wittgenstein, Dummett, Prawitz and Martin-Löf. What is the relation between proof-theoretical semantics in the tradition of Gentzen, Prawitz, and Martin-Löf and Wittgensteinian or other accounts of meaning-as-use? What can proof-theoretical analyses tell us about the scope and limits of constructive and predicative mathematics?
    Abstract: This book brings together philosophers, mathematicians and logicians to penetrate important problems in the philosophy and foundations of mathematics. In philosophy, one has been concerned with the opposition between constructivism and classical mathematics and the different ontological and epistemological views that are reflected in this opposition. The dominant foundational framework for current mathematics is classical logic and set theory with the axiom of choice (ZFC). This framework is, however, laden with philosophical difficulties. One important alternative foundational programme that is actively pursued today is predicativistic constructivism based on Martin-Löf type theory. Associated philosophical foundations are meaning theories in the tradition of Wittgenstein, Dummett, Prawitz and Martin-Löf. What is the relation between proof-theoretical semantics in the tradition of Gentzen, Prawitz, and Martin-Löf and Wittgensteinian or other accounts of meaning-as-use? What can proof-theoretical analyses tell us about the scope and limits of constructive and predicative mathematics?
    Description / Table of Contents: Epistemology versus Ontology; Contents; Introduction; 1 Background; 2 Martin-Löf: Pioneer and Land Clearer; 3 Contributions to This Volume; 3.1 Part I: Philosophy of Logic and Mathematics; 3.2 Part II: Foundations; Acknowledgments; On the Philosophical Work of Per Martin-Löf; Notes on the Contributors; Part I Philosophy of Logic and Mathematics; Chapter 1: Kant and Real Numbers; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Mathematics Within Subjective Limits; 1.3 Kant's Discussion with Rehberg; 1.4 Infinite Sequences as Concepts and as Objects; 1.5 Concluding Remark; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 2: Wittgenstein's Diagonal Argument: A Variationon Cantor and Turing2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Three Diagonal Arguments; 2.2.1 The Halting Problem; 2.2.2 Turing's First Argument; 2.2.3 The Argument from the Pointerless Machine; 2.3 Wittgenstein's Diagonal Argument; 2.4 The Positive Russell Paradox; 2.5 Interpreting Wittgenstein; References; Chapter 3: Truth and Proof in Intuitionism; 3.1 Early Intuitionistic Accounts of Propositions, Assertions, and Proof; 3.1.1 Heyting on Propositions and Assertions; 3.1.2 Heyting on Proofs; 3.1.3 The BHK-Interpretation; 3.2 Dummett's Verificationism
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.2.1 A Correction of the Intuitionistic Meaning-Theory3.2.2 Truth in Verificationism and the Knowability Principle; 3.3 Martin-Löf's Type Theory; 3.4 Martin-Löf's Siena Lectures and a Subsequent Paper; 3.5 The Epistemic Approach to Meaning and Truth Being Abandoned; 3.6 Reasons for the Shift; 3.6.1 Is the Ontological Standpoint Compatible with Intuitionism?; 3.6.2 Reasons for Rejecting the Knowability Principle; 3.6.3 Are the Proofs of the BHK-Interpretation Representations of Proof Acts?; 3.6.4 An Alternative Argument for the Epistemic Nature of Proof-Objects; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 4: Real and Ideal in Constructive Mathematics4.1 Explanations from Above and Explanations from Below; 4.2 The Dynamic Process in Logic and in Foundations; 4.3 Real and Ideal Notions in Constructive Topology; References; Chapter 5: In the Shadow of Incompleteness: Hilbert and Gentzen; 5.1 A Puzzle; 5.2 Results, Methods, and Problems; 5.3 Unprovability in General, First; 5.4 Unprovability of Consistency, Second; 5.5 Hilbert's Response; 5.6 The New Student; 5.7 An Impasse; 5.8 Toward a Solution; 5.9 New Perspectives; References; Chapter 6: Evolution and Logic
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.1 Hume's Analysis of Causality6.2 Evolutionistic Understanding of Causality; 6.3 Evolutionistic Understanding of Logic; 6.4 Foundations of Mathematics; 6.5 Martin-Löf Type Theory and the Synthetic A Priori; 6.6 Ontology; 6.7 Concluding Remarks; References; Chapter 7: The ``Middle Wittgenstein'' and Modern Mathematics; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Grammar and Geometry; 7.3 Grammar and the Axiomatic Method; 7.4 Grammar and the Theory of Relativity; 7.5 Mental Verbs and the Method of Ideal Elements; 7.6 Wittgenstein and Hertz; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 8: Primitive Recursive Arithmetic and Its Role in the Foundations of Arithmetic: Historical and Philosophical Reflections: In Honor of Per Martin-Löf on the Occasion of His Retirement
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400742192
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xi, 245 Seiten)
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2011 Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Parallel Title: Print version Women in Islam
    DDC: 200
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    Keywords: Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy ; Religion and education ; Religion (General) ; Anthropology
    Abstract: The role of women in Islamic societies, not to mention in the religion itself, is a defining issue. It is also one that remains resistant to universal dogma, with a wide range of responses to womens social roles across the Islamic world. Reflecting this heterogeneity, the editor of this volume has assembled the latest research on the issue, which combines contemporary with historical data. The material comes from around the world as well as from Muslim and non-Muslim researchers. It takes in work from majority Muslim nations such as Bangladesh, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Pakistan, Palestine, Tunisia and Turkey, as well as countries with troubled interfaith relations such as India and Israel. Nations with minority Muslim populations such as France, the UK, Canada and Australia, are also represented. The work also features varying Islamic sub-groups such as the two main ones, Sunni and Shia, as well as less well known populations such as the Ismaili Muslims. In each case, the work is underpinned by the very latest socio-theological insights and empirical data.
    Description / Table of Contents: Women in Islam; Foreword; Contents; Author Biographies; Chapter 1: The 'Women's Movement' in Modern Islam: Reflections on the Revival of Islam's Oldest Issue; Introduction; The Earliest Evidence; Mohamed Talbi; Leila Ahmed; Amina Wadud; Popular Women Voices; Conclusion; References; Chapter 2: Reconciling Traditional Islamic Methods with Liberal Feminism: Reflections from Tunisia by Mohamed Talbi; Introduction; Background; Talbi and Gender Equality; Qur'an IV:34 and the Search for the Maqāsid of the Lawgiver; Surat Al-Nisā': Reconciling Historical Context and Modern Realities
    Description / Table of Contents: Application of Asbāb Al-Nuzūl to Qur'an IV:34 The Evolution of Islamic Thought on Marriage and the Treatment of Women; Commentary on Polygamy; Talbi and Liberal Feminism: A Textual Analysis; Conclusion; References; Chapter 3: Young Muslim Women and the Islamic Family: Reflections on Conflicting Ideals in British Bangladeshi Life; Introduction; The Islam and Young Bangladeshis Project; Theoretical Approaches; Finding a Marriage Partner; The Islamic Circles Network; The Hijaz Community; Expectations of Love and Marriage; Dealing with Separation and Divorce; Conclusion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 4: Women and Human Development in the Muslim World Reflections on Islamic and UNDP's ApproachesIntroduction; Background; The UNDP's Concept of Human Development; Islamic Approach to Human Development; Women and Human Development in Islam; The Contemporary State of Women in Muslim Countries: A Comparative Analysis; Religion and Women's (Under-) Development in Muslim Countries; Lack of Transparency and Women's Underdevelopment; Review and Reflection; Conclusion; References; Chapter 5: Being Muslim in the Neoliberal West: Reflections on an Ethnographic Study of Muslim Women in Australia
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction Neoliberal Australia and Muslim Women; Muslim Women in Australia; Findings; Discussion and Analysis; Conclusion; References; Chapter 6: Youth Identity Formation in the Presence of the 'Other': Reflections on Being Young and Muslim in an Interfaith Setting; Introduction; Identity and Identity Formation in the Multicultural, Multifaith Setting; 'Youth Encounters'; 'Youth Encounters' Research: The Plan; Stage 1 - Pre-questionnaire; Stage 2 - Observation of 'Youth Encounters' Event; Stage 3 - Post-questionnaire; Stage 4 - Focus Group Interview; 'Youth Encounters' Research: The Results
    Description / Table of Contents: Stage 1 - Pre-event Questionnaire Stage 2 - Observation; Stage 3 - Post-event Questionnaire; Stage 4 - Focus Group Interview; Analysis and Discussion; Conclusion; References; Chapter 7: Social Inclusion in the Context of Foreign-Policy Debates: Reflections on Jihad, Human Rights and Gender Equality in Islam; Introduction; Inconsistencies in Western Foreign Policies; Bridging the Gap; Contextualization; Maqasid; Non-violent Jihad; Gender Equality; Conclusion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 8: The Contribution of Muslim Women in the Flourishing of Modern Society: Reflections on Refugee Transition from East to West
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  • 22
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400724242
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXV, 283 p. 118 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 291
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Murphey, Murray G., 1928 - The development of Quine's philosophy
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Philosophy ; Quine, W. V ; (Willard Van Orman) ; Science ; Philosophy ; Quine, W. V. 1908-2000 ; Philosophie
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400746442 , 1283633914 , 9781283633918
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 237 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology 67
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Geniusas, Saulius, 1977 - The origins of the horizon in Husserl's phenomenology
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Husserl, Edmund, 1859-1938 ; Horizon ; Phenomenology ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 ; Phänomenologie ; Horizont ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 ; Phänomenologie ; Horizont ; Erkenntnistheorie
    Abstract: This volume is the first book-length analysis of the problematic concept of the 'horizon' in Edmund Husserl's phenomenology, as well as in phenomenology generally. A recent arrival on the conceptual scene, the horizon still eludes robust definition. The author shows in this authoritative exploration of the topic that Husserl, the originator of phenomenology, placed the notion of the horizon at the centre of philosophical enquiry. He also demonstrates the rightful centrality of the concept of the horizon, all too often viewed as an imprecise metaphor of tangential significance. His systematic a
    Abstract: This volume is the first book-length analysis of the problematic concept of the horizon in Edmund Husserls phenomenology, as well as in phenomenology generally. A recent arrival on the conceptual scene, the horizon still eludes robust definition. The author shows in this authoritative exploration of the topic that Husserl, the originator of phenomenology, placed the notion of the horizon at the centre of philosophical enquiry. He also demonstrates the rightful centrality of the concept of the horizon, all too often viewed as an imprecise metaphor of tangential significance. His systematic analysis deploys both early and late work by Husserl, as well as hitherto unpublished manuscripts. Opening out the question to include that of the origins of the horizon, the book explores the horizon as philosophical theme or notion, as a figure of intentionality, and as a signification of ones consciousness of the worldour world-horizon. It argues that the central philosophical significance of the problematic of the horizon makes itself apparent in realizing how this problematic enriches our philosophical understanding of subjectivity. Systematic, thorough, and revealing, this study of the significance of a core concept in phenomenology will be relevant not only to the phenomenological community, but also to anyone interested in the intersections of phenomenology and other philosophical traditions, such as hermeneutics and pragmatism.?
    Description / Table of Contents: The Origins of the Horizonin Husserl's Phenomenology; Acknowledgments; Contents; Abbreviations; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1.1 A Preliminary Determination of the Horizon; 1.2 The Horizon as a Philosophical Notion and Its Historical Origins; 1.3 The Horizon as a Phenomenological Notion; 1.4 The Question of Origins; 1.5 The Structure of the Following Investigation; 1.5.1 Part I: The Emergence of the Horizon; 1.5.2 Part II: The Horizons of Transcendental Subjectivity; 1.5.3 Part III: The World-Horizon as the Wherefrom , Wherein , and the Whereto of Experience
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.6 The Indeterminacy of the Horizon in Husserl's Phenomenology and in Post-Husserlian ThoughtReferences; Part I: The Emergence of the Horizon; Chapter 2: Indexicality as a Phenomenological Problem; 2.1 The Emergence of Indexicality in Phenomenology and the Immediate Suppression of Its Phenomenological Sense; 2.2 The Emergence of the Horizon and the Modification of the Distinction Between Meaning-Intentions and Meaning; 2.3 Noematic Intentionality and the Rejection of the Early Analysis of the Indexicals
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.4 The Hidden Dimension of Horizon-Intentionality and the Sense of Indexicality as a Phenomenological ProblemReferences; Chapter 3: James and Husserl: The Horizon as a Psychological and a Philosophical Theme; 3.1 William James and the Fringe of Consciousness; 3.2 Horizont, Hof, Hintergrund: Husserl's Discovery of the Horizon; 3.3 The Transcendental Dimension of the Horizon; References; Chapter 4: The World-Horizon in Ideas I; 4.1 A Preliminary Indication of the Horizon in Its All-Determining Sense; 4.2 The World as the Original Figure of the Horizon in Ideas I
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.3 The Suppression of the World-Horizon in Ideas IReferences; Chapter 5: The Structures of Horizon-Consciousness in Ideas I; 5.1 Epochē and the Self-Showing of the Horizons; 5.2 Self-Givenness, Originary Givenness, and the Pregivenness of the Horizon; 5.3 The Horizon and the Manifestation of Objectivity; 5.4 The Horizon and the "I Can"; 5.5 The "I Can" and the Primacy of the Practical; 5.6 The Horizons of Experience and the Horizon of the Stream of Experience; 5.7 The Limits of Husserl's Early Analysis of the Horizon; References; Part II: The Horizons of Transcendental Subjectivity
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 6: The Static and Genetic Determinations of the Horizon6.1 Static and Genetic Phenomenology: A Preliminary Account; 6.2 A General Determination of the Horizon as Horizon-Consciousness; 6.3 The Static Notion of Horizon-Consciousness; 6.4 The Genetic Notion of Horizon-Consciousness; 6.5 The Ego in Its Static and Genetic Determinations: The Emergence of Transcendental Subjectivity; References; Chapter 7: The Reduction as the Disclosure of the Horizons of Transcendental Subjectivity; 7.1 The Significance of the Reduction for the Thematization of Horizon-Consciousness
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.2 The Cartesian Path to the Reduction Suppresses the Phenomenality of the Horizon
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400711808
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2011 Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: The Philosophy of Science in a European Perspective 2
    Parallel Title: Print version Explanation, Prediction, and Confirmation
    DDC: 501
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ontology ; Biology Philosophy ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy
    Abstract: This volume, the second in the Springer series Philosophy of Science in a European Perspective, contains selected papers from the workshops organised by the ESF Research Networking Programme PSE (The Philosophy of Science in a European Perspective) in 2009. five general topics are addressed: 1. Formal Methods in the Philosophy of Science, 2. Philosophy of the Natural and Life Sciences, 3. Philosophy of the Cultural and Social Sciences, 4. Philosophy of the Physical Sciences, 5. History of the Philosophy of Science. This volume is accordingly divided in five sections, each section containing papers coming from the meetings focussing on one of these five themes. However, these sections are not completely independent and detached from each other. For example, an important connecting thread running through a substantial number of papers in this volume is the concept of probability: probability plays a central role in present-day discussions in formal epistemology, in the philosophy of the physical sciences, and in general methodological debates---it is central in discussions concerning explanation, prediction and confirmation. The volume thus also attempts to represent the intellectual exchange between the various fields in the philosophy of science that was central in the ESF workshops.
    Description / Table of Contents: TABLE OF CONTENTS; PREFACE:EXPLANATION, PREDICTION, CONFIRMATION; Team A Formal Methods; THE NO MIRACLES INTUITION AND THE NO MIRACLES ARGUMENT; 1. THE NO MIRACLES INTUITION; 2. THE 'NO MIRACLES ARGUMENT'; THE SCOPE AND LIMITS OF THE NO MIRACLES ARGUMENT1; REFERENCES; CAUSATION, ASSOCIATION AND CONFIRMATION; ABSTRACT; 1. INTRODUCTION; 2. COHERENCE AS PROBABILISITIC ASSOCIATION; 3. CONFIRMATION; 4. CETERUS PARIBUS; 5. FOCUSED CORRELATION; 6. CAUSAL STRUCTURE; 7. CONCLUSION; REFERENCES; AN OBJECTIVE BAYESIAN ACCOUNT OF CONFIRMATION; ABSTRACT; 1 CARNAPIAN CONFIRMATION
    Description / Table of Contents: 2 THE BAYESIAN APPROACH TO CONFIRMATION3 LEARNING FROM EXPERIENCE; 4 CARNAP'S RESOLUTION; 5 PROBLEMS WITH CARNAP'S RESOLUTION; 6 A ROCK AND A HARD PLACE; 7 THE BAYESIAN APPROACH REVISITED; 8 OBJECTIVE BAYESIAN EPISTEMOLOGY; 9 OBJECTIVE BAYESIAN CONFIRMATION THEORY; BIBILIOGRAPHY; AN EXPLICATION OF THE USE OF INFERENCE TO THE BEST EXPLANATION ; 1. PROSPECTS AND PROBLEMS OF IBE; 2. HEURISTICS; 3. APPLYING THE LOGIC OF QUESTIONS: PRELIMINARIES; 4. TWO COMPARATIVE CRITERIA OF EXPLANATORY POWER; 5. APPLICATIONS TO SOME PERSISTENT QUESTIONS IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
    Description / Table of Contents: A FORMAL LOGIC FOR THE ABDUCTION OF SINGULAR HYPOTHESES11 INTRODUCTION; 2 THE PROBLEM; 3 MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF ABDUCTIVE REASONING; 4 INFORMAL PRESENTATION OF THE LOGIC LArs; 5 THE LOGIC LArs; 6 CONCLUSION AND OPEN PROBLEMS; PROBABILITIES IN BRANCHING STRUCTURES; REAL AND OTHER POSSIBILITIES; PROBABILITIES IN BRANCHING TIME; EXTENDING THE ACCOUNT: BRANCHING SPACE-TIMES; CONCLUSIONS; BIBLIOGRAPHY; Team B Philosophy of the Natural and Life Sciences ; CAUSALITY AND EXPLANATION: ISSUES FROM EPIDEMIOLOGY; 1. EPIDEMIOLOGY PARADIGMS; 2. OVERCOMING THE BLACK BOX PARADIGM. THE SEARCH FOR MECHANISMS
    Description / Table of Contents: 3. MECHANISTIC EXPLANATIONS OF LAYERED DISEASESINVARIANCE, MECHANISMS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY; REFERENCES; WHAT'S WRONG WITH THE PRAGMATIC-ONTIC ACCOUNT OF MECHANISTIC EXPLANATION?; 1. INTRODUCTION; 2. WORRIES; 3. CONCLUSION; REFERENCES; CAUSALITY AND EVIDENCE DISCOVERY IN EPIDEMIOLOGY; EXISTENCE AND CAUSALITY; NON-RANDOMISED EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES; CONCLUSION; REFERENCES; INFERENCES TO CAUSAL RELEVANCE FROM EXPERIMENTS; 1 THEORY AND EXPERIENCE; 2 CAUSAL ANALYSIS; 2.1 Causal models; 2.2 Theory of causal regularities; 2.3 Principles of causal reasoning; 2.3.1 Method of Difference; 2.3.2 Assumptions
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.3.3 Inferring a causal factor2.3.4 More complex designs; 2.3.5 Other inference patterns; 2.4 Difference tests in practice: notebook entries; 3 METHODOLOGY OF CAUSAL MODELS; REFERENCES; COMPARING PART-WHOLE REDUCTIVE EXPLANATIONS IN BIOLOGY AND PHYSICS1; ABSTRACT; 1. BIOLOGY, PHYSICS, AND NAGEL'S REDUCTIONIST SHADOW; 2. TEMPORALITY IN PART-WHOLE REDUCTIVE EXPLANATIONS; 2.1 Part-Whole Reductive Explanations; 2.2 Temporality; 3. COMPOSITION, CAUSATION, AND THE DIFFERENCE TIME MAKES; 3.1 Composition and Causation; 3.2 Intrinsicality and Fundamentality
    Description / Table of Contents: 4. EXAMPLES: PART-WHOLE REDUCTIVE EXPLANATIONS IN BIOLOGY AND PHYSICS
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9781402099311
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: 1
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 343
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    Keywords: Aesthetics ; Genetic epistemology ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of mind ; Goodman, Nelson 1906-1998 ; Nominalismus
    Abstract: "Nelson Goodman's disparate writings are often written about only within their own particular discipline, such that the epistemology is discussed in contrast to others' epistemology, the aesthetics is contrasted with more traditional aesthetics, and the ontology and logic is viewed in contrast to both other contemporary philosophers and to Goodman's historical predecessors. This book argues that that is not an adequate way to view Goodman. The separate disciplines of ontology, epistemology, and aesthetics should be viewed as sequential steps within his thought, such that each provides the ground rules for the next section and, furthermore, providing the reasons for limitations on the terms available to the subsequent writing(s). This is true not merely because this is the general chronology of his writing, but more importantly because within his metaphysics lies Goodman's basic nominalist ontology and logic, and it is upon those principles that he builds his epistemology and, furthermore, it is the sum of both the metaphysics and the epistemology, with the nominalist principle as the guiding force, which constructs the aesthetics. At the end of each section of this book, the consequent limitations imposed on his terms and concepts available to him are explicated, such that, by the end of the book, the book delineates the constraints imposed upon the aesthetics by both the metaphysics and the epistemology."--P. [4] of cover
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 163-168) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402085185
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas 199
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Renaissance scepticisms
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Philosophy ; Skepticism History ; 16th century ; Philosophy, Renaissance ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Skeptizismus ; Renaissance ; Skeptizismus ; Geschichte 1420-1600 ; Skeptizismus ; Renaissance ; Skeptizismus ; Geschichte 1420-1600
    Abstract: Even if specific pieces of research (on the sources or on individual authors, such as Pico, Agrippa, Erasmus, Montaigne, Sanches etc.) have given and are still producing significant results on Renaissance scepticism, an overall synthesis comprising the entire period has not been achieved yet. No predetermined idea of that complex historical subject that is Renaissance scepticism underlies this book, and we want to sacrifice the complexity of movements, personalities, tendencies and interpretations to any sort of a priori unity of theme even less. We acknowledge unhesitatingly that we had always thought of "scepticisms" in the plural, and believe that the different contexts (philosophical, religious, cultural) in which these forms grew up must also be taken into account. Furthermore, given the transversal nature and provocative character of the sceptical challenge, this book contains essays also on philosophers who, without being sceptics and sometimes engaged in fighting scepticism, nevertheless took up its challenge. The main authors considered in this book are: Vives, Castellio, Agrippa, Pedro de Valencia, Pico, Sanchez, Montaigne, Charron, Bruno, Bacon, and Campanella. The various essays in the book show the relevance of the philosophical thought of authors little known by the general public and put in new perspective important aspects of the thought of some of the great thinkers of the Renaissance.
    URL: Cover
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9781402051456
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in Philosophy and Religion 27
    DDC: 214
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Hochschulschrift ; Rowe, William L. 1931- ; Das Böse ; Theodizee
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 347-367) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402055812
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: BOSTON STUDIES IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE 252
    DDC: 121
    Keywords: Science Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Erklärung ; Philosophie
    Abstract: The nature of scientific explanation has been an important topic in philosophy of science for many years. This book highlights some of the conceptual problems that still need to be solved and points out a number of fresh philosophical ideas to explore. Anyone interested in causal and probabilistic explanation, explanation-seeking questions and contrastive explanations, inference to the best explanation, or explanations within the special sciences should find something of interest in this book.
    Abstract: The nature of scientific explanation has been an important topic in philosophy of science for many years. This book highlights some of the conceptual problems that still need to be solved and points out a number of fresh philosophical ideas to explore
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; EXPLANATIONS ARE ABOUT CONCEPTS AND CONCEPT FORMATION; WHAT TO ASK OF AN EXPLANATION-THEORY; THE IDEA OF CONTRASTIVE EXPLANANDUM; THE PRAGMATIC-RHETORICAL THEORY OF EXPLANATION; CAUSAL EXPLANATION PROVIDES KNOWLEDGE WHY; CAUSAL EXPLANATION AND MANIPULATION; ASSESSING THE EXPLANATORY POWER OF CAUSAL EXPLANATIONS; SOME NOTES ON UNIFICATIONISM AND PROBABILISTIC EXPLANATION; SELECTION AND EXPLANATION; IBE AND EBI; EXPLAINING WITH EQUILIBRIA68; EXPLANATION AND ENVIRONMENT; BIOLOGICAL NOTIONS OF INNATENESS AND EXPLANATION OF LANGUAGE ACQUISITION; ASPECT KINDS; Back Matter
    Note: Description based upon print version of record , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9781402057588
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 55
    DDC: 160
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    Keywords: Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Konferenzschrift 2001 ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 Logische Untersuchungen ; China ; Europa
    Abstract: In this volume, phenomenologists from the West join hands with specialists from mainland China and Hong Kong to discuss the heritage of Husserl's Logical Investigations. Readers will learn of the early reception of Husserl's Logical Investigations in China and understand how Husserl's doctrine of intentionality of consciousness has paved the way to a novel phenomenological explication of religious experience.
    Abstract: This volume is the first of its kind in which phenomenologists from the West join hands with specialists from mainland China and Hong Kong to discuss the heritage of Husserl s Logical Investigations. Whereas all Western contributors to the volume are scholars who possess indubitable authority in phenomenology, their Chinese counterparts are much less well-known in the Western academic arena. Yet the latters' contributions are of the utmost interest. From them readers will learn of the early reception of Husserl s Logical Investigations in China. They will also understand in what way Husserl s doctrine of intentionality of consciousness in the Logical Investigations has paved the way to Scheler s phenomenology of feeling, to a novel phenomenological explication of religious experience, as well as to the little known young Foucault s tentative formulation of a paradoxical phenomenology of the dream. Last but not least, they will also discover how a young Chinese scholar undertakes a thorough reassessment of the problem of being in Husserl in the light of Heideggerian ontology. With these joint perspectives - Western and Chinese - we hope that this volume will contribute to demonstrate the surprisingly rich and inexhaustible life that Husserl s Logical Investigations continues to enjoy in the new century.
    Description / Table of Contents: table of contents.pdf; preface.pdf; Ch 01.pdf; Ch 02.pdf; Ch 03.pdf; Ch 04.pdf; Ch 05.pdf; Ch 06.pdf; Ch 07.pdf; Ch 08.pdf; Ch 09.pdf; Ch 10.pdf; Ch 11.pdf; Notes on Contributors.pdf; Index of Names.pdf
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  • 30
    ISBN: 9781402063541
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library 153
    DDC: 501
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    Keywords: Metaphysics ; Science Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Naturwissenschaften ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; Philosophie ; Wissenschaftlicher Fortschritt
    Abstract: Answers questions raised by the incommensurability thesis. This book provides a conception of science in which scientific progress is based on both rational and empirical considerations
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; The Deductive Model; The Basis Of The Logical Empiricist Conception Of Science; The Basis Of The Popperian Conception Of Science; The Logical Empiricist Conception Of Scientific Progress; The Popperian Conception Of Scientific Progress; Popper, Lakatos, And The Transcendence Of The Deductive Model; Kuhn, Feyerabend, And In Commensurability; The Gestalt Model; The Perspectivist Conception Of Science; Development Of The Perspectivist Conception In The Context Of The Kinetic Theory Of Gases; The Set-Theoretic Conception Of Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Application Of The Perspectivist Conception To The Views Of Newton, Kepler And GalileoBack Matter;
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  • 31
    ISBN: 9781402061271
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 9
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    Keywords: Genetic epistemology ; Science Algorithms ; Computer science ; Algorithms ; Philosophy (General) ; Consciousness ; Algorithmische Lerntheorie
    Abstract: This is the first book to collect essays from philosophers, mathematicians and computer scientists working at the exciting interface of algorithmic learning theory and the epistemology of science and inductive inference. Readable, introductory essays provide engaging surveys of different, complementary, and mutually inspiring approaches to the topic, both from a philosophical and a mathematical viewpoint.
    Abstract: This is the first book to collect essays from philosophers, mathematicians and computer scientists working at the exciting interface of algorithmic learning theory and the epistemology of science and inductive inference. Readable, introductory essays provide engaging surveys of different, complementary, and mutually inspiring approaches to the topic, both from a philosophical and a mathematical viewpoint. Building upon this base, subsequent papers present novel extensions of algorithmic learning theory as well as bold, new applications to traditional issues in epistemology and the philosophy of science. The volume is vital reading for students and researchers seeking a fresh, truth-directed approach to the philosophy of science and induction, epistemology, logic, and statistics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Introduction to the Philosophy and Mathematics of Algorithmic Learning Theory; Inductive Inference Systems for Learning Classes of Algorithmically Generated Sets and Structures; Deduction, Induction, and beyond in Parametric Logic; How Simplicity Helps You Find the Truth without Pointing at it; Induction over the Continuum; Logically Reliable Inductive Inference; Some Philosophical Concerns about the Confidence in 'Confident Learning'; How to Do Things with an Infinite Regress; Trade-Offs; Two Ways of Thinking about Induction; Between History and Logic; Back Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9781402050435
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in the History of Philosophy of Mind 3
    DDC: 121
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of mind ; Science Philosophy ; Griechenland ; Argumentation ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Wissensbasis ; Geschichte 400 v. Chr.-300
    Abstract: This book offers the first synoptic study of how the primary elements in knowledge structures were analysed in antiquity from Plato to late ancient commentaries. It argues that, in the Platonic-Aristotelian tradition, the question of starting points was treated from two distinct points of view: as a question of how we acquire basic knowledge; and as a question of the premises we may immediately accept in the line of argumentation.
    Abstract: If we know something, do we always know it through something else? Does this mean that the chain of knowledge should continue infinitely? Or, rather, should we abandon this approach and ask how we acquire knowledge? Irrespective of the fact that very basic questions concerning human knowledge have been formulated in various ways in different historical and philosophical contexts, philosophers have been surprisingly unanimous concerning the point that structures of knowledge should not be infinite. In order for there to be knowledge, there must be at least some primary elements which may be called 'starting points'. This book offers the first synoptic study of how the primary elements in knowledge structures were analysed in antiquity from Plato to late ancient commentaries, the main emphasis being on the Platonic-Aristotelian tradition. It argues that, in the Platonic-Aristotelian tradition, the question of starting points was treated from two distinct points of view: from the first perspective, as a question of how we acquire basic knowledge, and from the second perspective, as a question of the premises we may immediately accept in the line of argumentation. It was assumed that we acquire some general truths rather naturally and that these function as starting points for inquiry. In the Hellenistic period, an alternative approach was endorsed: the very possibility of knowledge became a central issue when sceptics began demanding that true claims should always be distinguishable from false ones.
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS; Acknowledgements; Abbreviations and a Note on the Texts; Introduction; The Topic, Scope, and Aim of this Book; The Structure of the Book; A Brief Survey of the Existing Literature; PART I: PLATONIC-ARISTOTELIAN TRADITION; 1. Theories of Argumentation; 1.1 Plato; 1.2 Aristotle; 1.3 Later Developments; 2. Intellectual Apprehension; 2.1 The Connection between the Two Contexts; 2.2 Perception; 2.3 From Perception to Intellection; PART II: ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES; 3. Hellenistic Philosophy; 3.1 Is there a Starting Point for Knowledge?
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.2 Is There a Transition from the Evident to the Non-Evident?3.3 What is Left for the Sceptic?; 3.4 What Does a Doctor Know? - Medical Empiricism as an Alternative Approach to Scientific Knowledge; Conclusion; Bibliography; Index of Names; Index Locorum; Index of Topics
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 295-312) and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402056529
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 336
    DDC: 121.68
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    Keywords: Genetic epistemology ; Phenomenology ; Pragmatism ; Comparative Literature ; Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 ; Peirce, Charles S. 1839-1914 ; Semiotik
    Abstract: Diagrammatology investigates the role of diagrams for thought and knowledge. Based on the general doctrine of diagrams in Charles Peirce's mature work, Diagrammatology claims diagrams to constitute a centerpiece of epistemology. This book reflects Peirce's work on the issue in Husserl's contemporaneous doctrine of categorical intuition and charts the many unnoticed similarities between Peircean semiotics and early Husserlian phenomenology.
    Abstract: "Diagrammatology investigates the role of diagrams for thought and knowledge. Based on the general doctrine of diagrams in Charles Peirce's mature work, Diagrammatology claims diagrams to constitute a centerpiece of epistemology. The book reflects Peirce's work on the issue in Husserl's contemporanous doctrine of ""categorial intuition"" and charts the many unnoticed similarities between Peircean semiotics and early Husserlian phenomenology. Diagrams, on a Peircean account, allow for observation and experimentation with ideal structures and objects and thus furnish the access to the synthetic a priori of the regional and formal ontology of the Husserlian tradition. The second part of the book focuses on three regional branches of semiotics: biosemiotics, picture analysis, and the theory of literature. Based on diagrammatology, these domains appear as accessible for a diagrammatological approach which leaves the traditional relativism and culturalism of semiotics behind and hence constitutes a realist semiotics."
    Description / Table of Contents: 0stjfm.pdf; 0stj01.pdf; 0stj02.pdf; 0stj03.pdf; 0stj04.pdf; 0stj05.pdf; 0stj06.pdf; 0stj07.pdf; 0stj08.pdf; 0stj09.pdf; 0stj10.pdf; 0stj11.pdf; 0stj12.pdf; 0stj13.pdf; 0stj14.pdf; 0stj15.pdf; 0stj16.pdf; 0stj17.pdf; 0stj18.pdf; 0stjpers.pdf; 0stjapp.pdf; 0stjnotes.pdf; 0stjbib.pdf; 0STJERNauthorindex.pdf; 0STJERsubjectindex.pdf
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 483-496) and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9781402060847
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in the History of Philosophy of Mind 5
    DDC: 100
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, medieval ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy of mind ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Leib-Seele-Problem ; Geschichte 1000-1800
    Abstract: This book deals with the internal senses, the mind/body problem and other problems associated with the concept of mind as it developed from Avicenna to the medical Enlightenment. The book collects essays from scholars in this promising field of research. It brings together scholars working on the same issues in the Arabic, Jewish and Western philosophical traditions. This collection opens up new and interesting perspectives.
    Abstract: Forming the Mind deals with the internal senses, the mind/body problem and other problems associated with the concept of mind as it developed from Avicenna to the medical Enlightenment. The book collects essays from some of the foremost scholars in a relatively new and very promising field of research. It stresses how important and fruitful it is to see the time period between 1100 and 1700 as one continuous tradition, and brings together scholars working on the same issues in the Arabic, Jewish and Western philosophical traditions. In this respect, this collection opens up several new and interesting perspectives on the history of the philosophy of mind.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Introduction: The Mind/Body Problem and Late Medieval Conceptions of the Soul; Memory and Recollection in IBN SÎNÂ'S and IBN Rushd'S Philosophical Texts Translated into Latin in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries: A Perspective on the Doctrine of the Internal Senses in Arabic; Imagination and Experience in the Sensory Soul and Beyond: Richard Rufus, Roger Bacon & Their Contemporaries; The Soul as an Entity: Dante, Aquinas, and Olivi; Self-Knowledge and Cognitive Ascent: Thomas Aquinas and Peter Olivi on the KK-THESIS; The Invention of Singular Thought
    Description / Table of Contents: John Buridan on the Immateriality of the IntellectHow Matter Becomes Mind: Late-Medieval Theories of Emergence; Passions and Old Men in Renaissance Gerontology; Why Isn't the Mind-Body Problem Medieval?; Matter, Mind, and Hylomorphism in IBN Gabirol and Spinoza; Cajetan and Suarez on Agent Sense: Metaphysics and Epistemology in Late Aristotelian Thought; Is Descartes' Body A Mode of Mind?; Mind and Extension (Descartes, Hobbes, More); Emotional Pathologies and Reason in French Medical Enlightenment; Back Matter
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402052453
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2007 Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library 61
    Parallel Title: Print version Possibility, Agency and Individuality in Leibniz's Metaphysics
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, modern ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 ; Metaphysik ; Möglichkeit
    Abstract: This book reveals a thread that runs through Leibniz's metaphysics: from his logical notion of possible individuals to his notion of actual, nested ones. It presents Leibniz's subtle approach to possibility and explores some of its consequential repercussions in his metaphysics. The book provides an original approach to the questions of individuation and relations in Leibniz, offering a novel account of Leibniz's notion of Nested Individuals.
    Abstract: This work presents Leibniz's subtle approach to possibility and explores some of its consequential repercussions in his metaphysics. Ohad Nachtomy presents Leibniz's approach to possibility by exposing his early suppositions, arguing that he held a combinatorial conception of possibility. He considers the transition from possibility to actuality through the notion of agency, the role divine agency plays in actualization, moral agency and human freedom of action and the relation between agency and necessity in comparison to Spinoza. Nachtomy analyzes Leibniz's notion of nested, organic individuals and their peculiar unity, in distinction from his notion of aggregates. Nachtomy suggests that Leibniz defined possible individuals through combinatorial rules that generate unique and maximally consistent structures of predicates in God's understanding and that such rules may be viewed as programs for action. He uses this definition to clarify Leibniz's notions of individuation, relations and his distinction between individual substances and aggregates as well as the notion of organic individuals, which have a nested structure to infinity. Nachtomy concludes that Leibniz's definition of a possible individual as a program of action helps clarifying the unity and simplicity of nested individuals. The book thus reveals a thread that runs through Leibniz's metaphysics: from his logical notion of possible individuals to his notion of actual, nested ones.
    Description / Table of Contents: Leibniz's Combinatorial Approach to Possibility; Possible Individuals; The Individual's Place in Logical Space; Individuals, Worlds and Relations; Possibility and Actuality; Agency and Freedom; Agency and Necessity; Aggregates; Nested Individuals; Possibility and Individuality
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 255-263) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402059612
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Synthese Library 338
    DDC: 121
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ethics ; Education Philosophy ; Philosophy of law ; Philosophy of mind ; Deontologie ; Glaube ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Meinung ; Handlung ; Verantwortung
    Abstract: Believing the wrong thing can have drastic consequences. The question of when a person is not only ill-guided, but genuinely at fault for holding a particular belief goes to the root of our understanding of such notions as criminal negligence and moral responsibility. This book explores the conditions under which someone may be deemed blameworthy for holding a particular belief, drawing on contemporary epistemology, ethics and legal scholarship.
    Abstract: Believing the wrong thing may sometimes have drastic consequences. The question as to when a person is not only ill-guided, but genuinely at fault for holding a particular belief is an important one: It touches upon the roots of our understanding of such notions as criminal negligence and moral responsibility. The answer to this question may influence the extent to which we are willing to submit each other to punishments ranging from mild resentment to harsh prison terms. This book presents an extensive effort to shed light on the conditions under which we may appropriately deem someone blameworthy for holding a particular belief. It regiments and unifies several debates within contemporary epistemology, ethics and legal scholarship. Finally, the book brings a new philosophical look on issues like our power to control beliefs and the extent and nature of foresight.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Introduction; Belief and Acceptance; Approaching a Conception of Epistemic Blameworthiness; Blameworthy Belief as Inexcusably Undesirable Belief; Epistemic Undesirability; Bruce Russell's Basic Analysis of the Notion of Epistemic Blameworthiness; Doxastic Control; Direct Content-Directed Doxastic Control or Doxastic Voluntarism; Direct Property-Directed Doxastic Control or Property Voluntarism; Indirect Content-Directed Doxastic Control or Doxastic Pascalianism; Indirect Property-Directed Doxastic Control or Property Pascalianism; Intellectual Obligations
    Description / Table of Contents: Foresight and Blameworthy Inadvertence to RiskEpistemic Blameworthiness Analysed; Epistemic Autonomy; Back Matter
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  • 37
    ISBN: 9781402066788
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 134 S.) , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 370
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    Keywords: Education ; Genetic epistemology ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Education Philosophy ; Pädagogik ; Empirische Forschung ; Neoliberalismus ; Szientismus
    Abstract: "This volume offers a critical examination of the growing pressure to apply scientific principles as a means to improve education. The authors trace the ideology of scientism to the early faith Auguste Comte placed in science and the scientific method as a panacea to all human problem solving. By revealing many of the epistemological problems confronted by the social sciences, including education, the authors undermine the prevailing view that a science of education is possible or desirable. Besides revealing the epistemological problems associated with education research, they suggest that the instrumentalism and micro level responsibility related to scientism in education constitute a manipulative ideological smokescreen to distract public attention away from the structural inequities that generate disparate academic outcomes among students in industrialized democracies. The book deals a severe blow to the belief that science is a suitable lens through which to view or strengthen educational practice. ""One begins this book with the skeptical belief that it can t be right. The task of reading, then, is to locate where Hyslop-Margison goes wrong to reach his radical and disturbing conclusions. At the very least, even the most skeptical will have to recognize that the unsayable that current educational research has proven largely fruitless for discernable reasons is certainly plausible. He brilliantly brings an issue that has been considered too eccentric to contemplate into the heart of current educational discourse. Everyone concerned with educational research researchers and those policy-makers, administrators, and other educational workers who draw on the products of educational research should read this important book carefully."" Kieran Egan, Faculty of Education, Simon Fraser University"
    Abstract: "This volume offers a critical examination of the growing pressure to apply scientific principles as a means to improve education. The authors trace the ideology of scientism to the early faith Auguste Comte placed in science and the scientific method as a panacea to all human problem solving. By revealing many of the epistemological problems confronted by the social sciences, including education, the authors undermine the prevailing view that a science of education is possible or desirable. Besides revealing the epistemological problems associated with education research, they suggest that the instrumentalism and micro level responsibility related to scientism in education constitute a manipulative ideological smokescreen to distract public attention away from the structural inequities that generate disparate academic outcomes among students in industrialized democracies. The book deals a severe blow to the belief that science is a suitable lens through which to view or strengthen educational practice. ""One begins this book with the skeptical belief that it can t be right. The task of reading, then, is to locate where Hyslop-Margison goes wrong to reach his radical and disturbing conclusions. At the very least, even the most skeptical will have to recognize that the unsayable that current educational research has proven largely fruitless for discernable reasons is certainly plausible. He brilliantly brings an issue that has been considered too eccentric to contemplate into the heart of current educational discourse. Everyone concerned with educational research researchers and those policy-makers, administrators, and other educational workers who draw on the products of educational research should read this important book carefully."" Kieran Egan, Faculty of Education, Simon Fraser University"
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Introduction; Education Research; Epistemological Problems in Social Science Research; Empirical Research in Education; Education Research as Analytic Truths; Empirical Research as Neo-liberal Ideology; Back Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 126-130) and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9781402061608
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Islamic Philosophy and Occidental Phenomenology in Dialogue 3
    DDC: 181.07
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, medieval ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology
    Abstract: The puzzling nature of temporality and timing of reality remains controversial. This book offers a collection of studies that seeks a new answer by initiating a novel investigation informed by the ancient wisdom of the Greaco-Arabic-Islamic sources and inheritance, on the one side, and the contemporary discernment of Occidental phenomenology of life, on the other, in a common dialogical effort to unravel this great enigma of existence.
    Abstract: From time immemorial, concern with timing of life has been crucial for the regulation of human praxis as well as for the philosophical quest to understand existence by seeking its meaning. The two used to inform each other, until modernity, when they parted. In spite of the extensive progress in manipulating change and motion, and of the abundance of metaphysical attempts to enlighten human beings about their fate, the puzzling nature of temporality and timing of reality remains controversial. The present collection of studies seeks a new answer by initiating a novel investigation informed by
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; The View from Nowhere: Ibn al-'ArabI on the Soul's Temporal Unfolding; The Great Metamorphosis of The Logos of Life in Ontopoietic Timing; Temporal Origination of the Material world and Mulla Sadra's Trans-substantial Motion; The Timing of The Ontopoiesis of Life; Edmund Husserl: The Genesis and Origin of Time; Time, Temporal, and Temporality; Some Phenomenological and Classical Corollaries on Time; MIr Damad on Time and Temporality; Historical and Messianic Time: The Structure of Subjectivity and the Question of Judgement
    Description / Table of Contents: The Historicality of Linguistic Signs and the Ahistoricality of Meanings: The Role of Divine Neologisms in the Making of Islamic-Arab TraditionTime and The Formation of the Human Person: a Comparison of Edith Stein's and Martin Heidegger's Thoughts; Virtues in Al-Biruni's Philosophy of Science; The Ontopoietic Timing of Life Versus The Kairic Unfolding of The Trans-Natural Destiny (A-T. Tymieniecka); Pure Love in Mulla Sadra; The Phenomenology of Wujud In the Thought of Ibn Al-'Arabi; "Ibn Khaldûn's Concept of History and the Qur'anic Notions of Economic Justice and Temporality"; Back Matter
    Note: Description based upon print version of record , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402041273
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Methodos Series 3
    DDC: 300.72
    Keywords: Genetic epistemology ; Regional planning ; Statistics ; Social sciences ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Hierarchie ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Naturwissenschaften
    Abstract: Hierarchy is a form of organisation of complex systems that rely on or produce a strong differentiation in capacity (power and size) between the parts of the system. It is frequently observed within the natural living world as well as in social institutions. According to the authors, hierarchy results from random processes, follows an intentional design, or is the result of the organisation which ensures an optimal circulation of energy for information. This book reviews ancient and modern representations and explanations of hierarchies, and compares their relevance in a variety of fields, such as language, societies, cities, and living species. It throws light on concepts and models such as scaling laws, fractals and self-organisation that are fundamental in the dynamics and morphology of complex systems. At a time when networks are celebrated for their efficiency, flexibility and better social acceptance, much can be learned about the persistent universality and adaptability of hierarchies, and from the analogies and differences between biological and social organisation and processes. This book addresses a wide audience of biologists and social scientists, as well as managers and executives in a variety of institutions.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preliminaries; Table of contents; Introduction; Hierarchy: A Short History of a Word in Western Thought; Hierarchical Organization of biological and ecological systems; Size, Scale and the Boat Race; Hierarchy, Complexity, Society; Hierarchy in Lexical Organisation of Natural Languages; Hierarchy in Cities and City Systems; Alternative Explanations of Hierarchical Differentiation in Urban Systems; Conclusion; Author Index; Subject Index
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. [201]-206) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402042072
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in history and philosophy of science v. 20
    DDC: 121
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Musgrave, Alan 1940- ; Philosophie ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; Musgrave, Alan 1940- ; Philosophie
    Abstract: Alan Musgrave has consistently defended two positions that he regards as commonsensical: critical realism and critical rationalism. In this volume a group of internationally-renowned authors discuss themes that are relevant in one way or another to Musgrave's work. Rather than a standard celebratory festschrift, this book offers a new examination of topics of current interest in philosophy. The contributory essays are followed by responses from Alan Musgrave himself.
    Abstract: Alan Musgrave has consistently defended two positions that he regards as commonsensical - critical realism and critical rationalism. In defence of critcal realism he argues for the objective existence of the external world as opposed to idealism, as well as arguing for scientific realism against all anti-realist accounts of science. His critical rationalism is drawn from the work of Karl Popper and stands opposed to inductivist and irrationalist methodologies. In defence of these positions, Musgrave's writings have covered a wide range of topics in epistemology, metaphysics, philosophy of science, philosophy of mathematics, history of science, theories of truth, and economic theory. In this volume a group of internationally-renowned authors discuss themes that are relevant in one way or another to Musgrave's work. This is not intended as a standard celebratory festschrift but rather as a new examination of topics of current interest in philosophy. The contributory essays are followed by responses from Alan Musgrave himself.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Where Does the Burden of Theory Lie?; Testimony, Induction and Reasonable Belief; Theory-Confirmation and History; Critical Rationalism and its Failure to Withstand Critical Scrutiny; Methodological Rules, Rationality, and Truth; Why is it Rational to Believe Scientific Theories are True?; Thinking About the Ultimate Argument for Realism; The Unseen World; Why Alan Musgrave Should Become an Essentialist; The Metaphysics of Realism and Structural Realism; Scientific Realism and Mathematical Nominalism: A Marriage Made in Hell
    Description / Table of Contents: A Methodological Critique of the Semantic Conception of TheoriesA Refutation of Peircean Idealism; Historiography as a Hypothetico-Deductive Science: A Criticism of Methodological Historism; Ptolemy's Musical Models for Mind-Maps and Star-Maps; Responses
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402044687
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 195
    DDC: 192
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    Keywords: Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Political science Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; Quelle ; Religionsphilosophie ; Trinitätslehre ; Geschichte 1668 ; Häresie ; Religionsphilosophie ; Geschichte 1668 ; Hobbes, Thomas 1588-1679 ; Exil ; Religiöse Verfolgung ; Hobbes, Thomas 1588-1679 ; Religionsphilosophie ; Politische Philosophie
    Abstract: "This collection develops insight into the relation which Hobbes describes between his theory of government and the three-part division he draws with respect to religion. Pursuing the chain of causes that proves God's existence as first cause, Hobbes identifies and defines both ""true religion"" and such superstition as he found in the theology and practices of the Roman Catholic Church of his era. He then emphasizes the difference between natural religion and revealed religion in order to extinguish the claim of contemporary theologians to an authority in the state greater than that of the political sovereign. Although, according to the author, Hobbes falters in carrying out his politico/theological project, his careful, radical and innovative attempt to describe the relationship of religion and politics, church and state, has special relevance for us today, as forms of religious fundamentalism in many countries are increasingly claiming and, in some cases, winning control of political institutions.Written for:Political scientists, philosophers, historians, political theorists, people interested in history of theology, legal theory and the English Civil War Keywords:ChristianityHobbes, ThomasPoliticsReligionSuperstition"
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS; Preface; Acknowledgements; 1. Introduction to the 1668 Appendix; 2. Hobbes and the Economic Trinity; 3. The Haunting of Thomas Hobbes; 4. Hobbes in Exile; Afterword; Bibliography; Index of Subjects; Index of Names
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. [313]-335) and indexes , Includes the text of the "Appendix" to the 1668 edition of Hobbe's Leviathan, in Latin with English translation on facing pages , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 42
    ISBN: 9781402046216
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies in Contemporary Culture 12
    DDC: 170
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    Keywords: Ethics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Political science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Metaphysik ; Kultur ; Ethik
    Abstract: The Latin root of the English word culture ties together both worship and the tilling of the soil. In both interpretations the outcome is the same: a rightly-directed culture produces either a bountiful harvest or falls short of the mark, materially or spiritually. This volume offers a critical examination of the nature and depth of our contemporary cultural crisis, focused on its lack of traditional orientation and moral understanding.
    Abstract: The Latin root of the English word culture ties together both worship and the tilling of the soil. In each case, the focus is the same: a rightly-directed culture produces either a bountiful harvest or falls short of the mark, materially or spiritually. This volume critically explores the nature and depth of our contemporary cultural crisis: its lack of traditional orientation and moral understanding. Prime among the issues at stake are the meaning and significance of birth, copulation, suffering, and death, expressed in debates regarding human embryo-experimentation and stem cell research, the character of moral and scientific norms, as well as more fundamentally, the character of an adequate epistemology for coming to appreciate the deep nature of reality and its normative implications. Given varying background ontological, epistemological, and axiological presuppositions, different moral positions and political objections will appear as not merely morally permissible but as socially and politically obligatory. The volume is addressed to philosophers, theologians, bioethicists and public policy professionals as it critically assesses the increasing void between the traditional Christian metaphysical and moral understandings that guided the flourishing of Christian culture and today's very secular, and frequently empty, cultural backdrop.
    Description / Table of Contents: A ccepting God's Offer of Personal Communion in the Words and Deeds of Christ, Handed on in the Body of Christ, His Church; Whose Nature? Natural Law in a Pluralistic World; Intellectual Virtues and the Prospects of A Christian Epistemology; God Manifested in God's Works: The Knowledge of God in the Reformed Tradition; Holy Knowing: A Wesleyan Epistemology; Subversive Natural Law: MacIntyre and African-American Thought; Is there a Distinctive American Version of Natural Law?; Why did the Principle of Double Effect Appear in the West?
    Description / Table of Contents: How much Guidance can a Secular Natural Law Ethic Offer? A Study of Basic Human Goods in Ethical Decision-MakingOn Women's Health Care: In Search of Nature and Norms; Toward an Inclusive Epistemology; Using Natural Law to Guide Public Morality: The Blind Leading the Deaf; Ethical Life and the Natural Law: Hegel and the Limits of Morality
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  • 43
    ISBN: 9781402047473
    Language: English , Latin
    Pages: Online-Ressource (vi, 324 Seiten)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Amsterdam studies in Jewish thought v. 11
    Series Statement: Amsterdam studies in Jewish thought
    DDC: 212.6
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    Keywords: Metaphysics ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, medieval ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Thomas von Aquin, Heiliger 1225-1274 ; Maimonides, Moses 1135-1204 ; Gotteserkenntnis
    Abstract: This in-depth study of Thomas Aquinas' Quaestio de Attributis binds together the findings of previous research on the unique history of this text by reconstructing the historical circumstances surrounding its composition, shows that the Quaestio contains Aquinas' final answer to the dispute on the divine attributes, and thoroughly examines his interpretation of Maimonides' position on the issue of the knowledge of God by analysing this and other texts related to it chronologically and doctrinally.
    Abstract: Presents a study of Thomas Aquinas' "Quaestio de attributis", which binds together the findings of research on the history of this text by reconstructing the historical circumstances surrounding its composition. This book also shows that the "Quaestio" contains Aquinas' final answer to the dispute on the divine attributes
    Description / Table of Contents: The Dispute on the Divine Attributes; Aquinas and Maimonides on the Divine Names; The Quaestio de Attributis and Zechariah 14, 9; The Quaestio de Attributis and the Limits of Natural Knowledge; The Knowledge of the Existence of God
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. [307]-317) and indexes , Revision of the author's thesis (Ph.D.)--Hebrew University, 2001 , Text in English and Latin , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9781402049385
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Argumentation library v. 10
    DDC: 168
    Keywords: Logic ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy (General) ; Artificial intelligence ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Toulmin, Stephen Edelston 1922-2009 ; Logik ; Toulmin, Stephen Edelston 1922-2009 ; Argumentation ; Argumentationstheorie ; Toulmin, Stephen Edelston 1922-2009 ; Argumentationstheorie
    Abstract: In The Uses of Argument (1958), Stephen Toulmin proposed a model for the layout of arguments: claim, data, warrant, qualifier, rebuttal, backing. Since then, Toulmin's model has been appropriated, adapted and extended by researchers in speech communications, philosophy and artificial intelligence. This book assembles the best contemporary reflection in these fields, extending or challenging Toulmin's ideas in ways that make fresh contributions to the theory of analysing and evaluating arguments.
    Abstract: In The Uses of Argument, first published in 1958, Stephen Toulmin proposed a new model for the layout of arguments, with six components: claim, data, warrant, qualifier, rebuttal, backing. Toulmin's model has been appropriated, adapted and extended by researchers in the fields of speech communications, philosophy and artificial intelligence. The present volume aims to bring together the best contemporary reflection in these fields on the Toulmin model and its current appropriation. The volume includes 24 articles by 27 scholars from 10 countries. All the essays are newly written, have been selected from among those received in response to a call for papers, and have been revised extensively in response to referees' comments. They are not exegetical but substantive, extending or challenging Toulmin's ideas in ways that make fresh contributions to the theory of analysing and evaluating arguments. Collectively, they represent the only comprehensive book-length study of the Toulmin model. They point the way to new developments in the theory of argument, including a typology of warrants, a comprehensive theory of defeaters, a rapprochement with formal logic, and a turn from propositions to speech acts as the constituents of argument.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Introduction; Reasoning in Theory and Practice; A Citation-Based Reflection on Toulmin and Argument; Complex Cases and Legitimation Inference: Extending the Toulmin Model to Deliberative Argument in Controversy; A Metamathematical Extension of the Toulmin Agenda; Toulmin's Model of Argument and the Question of Relativism; Systematizing Toulmin's Warrants: An Epistemic Approach; Warranting Arguments, the Virtue of Verb; Evaluating Inferences: The Nature and Role of Warrants; 'Probably'
    Description / Table of Contents: The Voice of the Other: A Dialogico-Rhetorical Understanding of Opponent and of Toulmin's RebuttalEvaluating Arguments Based on Toulmin's Scheme; Good Reasoning on the Toulmin Model; The Fluidity of Warrants: Using the Toulmin Model to Analyse Practical Discourse; Artificial Intelligence & Law, Logic and Argument Schemes; Multiple Warrants in Practical Reasoning; The Quest for Rationalism without Dogmas in Leibniz and Toulmin; From Arguments to Decisions: Extending the Toulmin View; Using Toulmin Argumentation to Support Dispute Settlement in Discretionary Domains
    Description / Table of Contents: Toulmin's Model and the Solving of Ill-Structured ProblemsArguing By Question: A Toulminian Reading of Cicero's Account of the Enthymeme; The Uses of Argument in Mathematics; Translating Toulmin Diagrams: Theory Neutrality in Argument Representation; The Toulmin Test: Framing Argumentation within Belief Revision Theories; Eight Theses Reflecting on Stephen Toulmin; Back Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 407-424) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9781402037160
    Language: English , Hebrew , Latin
    Pages: Online-Ressource (vii, 387 Seiten)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Fontaine, Resianne Mauro Zonta, Hebrew Scholasticism in the Fifteenth Century: A History and Source Book (Amsterdam Studies in Jewish Thought 9) 2009
    Series Statement: Amsterdam Studies in Jewish Thought 9
    Series Statement: Amsterdam studies in Jewish thought
    DDC: 189
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, medieval ; Philosophy, modern ; Quelle ; Italien ; Spanien ; Judentum ; Spätscholastik ; Jüdische Philosophie ; Judentum ; Scholastik ; Geschichte 1400-1500 ; Geschichte 1400-1500
    Abstract: "A number of Jewish philosophers active in Spain and Italy in the second half of the 15th century (Abraham Bibago, Baruch Ibn Ya'ish, Abraham Shalom, Eli Habillo, Judah Messer Leon) wrote Hebrew commentaries and questions on Aristotle. In these works, they reproduced the techniques and terminology of Late-Medieval Latin Scholasticism, and quoted and discussed Latin texts (by Albert the Great, Thomas Aquinas, William of Ockham, John Duns Scotus, and other authors) about logic, physics, metaphysics, and ethics. All of these works are still unpublished, and they have not yet been either studied, or translated in modern languages. The aim of this book is to give an idea of the extent and character of this hitherto neglected ""Hebrew Scholasticism"". After a general historical introduction to this phenomenon, and bio-bibliographical surveys of these philosophers, the book gives complete or partial annotated English translations of the most significant Hebrew Scholastical works. It includes also critical editions of some parts of these texts, and a Latin-Hebrew glossary of Scholastical technical terms."
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; The influence of Scholasticism on Fourteenth Century Jewish Philosophy: an overview; "Hebrew Scholasticism" in Fifteenth Century Spain; "Hebrew Scholasticism" in Fifteenth Century Italy and After -- 1. Abraham Bibago: Treatise on the plurality of forms (English paraphrase) -- 2. Baruch Ibn Yaʿish: Commentary on the Nichomachean Ethics (English translation of selected passages); Commentary on De Anima (English translation of selected passages) -- 3. Abraham Shalom and Eli Habillo; Habillo: Introduction to the Hebrew translation of Antonius Andreas's Questiones Super XII Libros Methaphysicorum (English paraphrase); Habillo: Introduction ot the Hebrew translation of Johannes Versor's 'Questions on the Physics' (Partial English translation); Habillo's 'Two Questions' and Shalom's 'Responses' (English summary) -- 4. Judah Messer Leon: Commentary on the 'Physics', Books I-III ..., Compendium and Questions on Porphyry's 'Isagoge' (English paraphrase) -- Index of authors of Antiquity, Middle Ages and Early Modern [sic] (up to 1600) -- Index of Modern Authors -- Index of Manuscripts -- Hebrew Section: Barukh Ibn-Yaʿish (Shemuʾel Aṭorṭos): Perush ʿal sefer Ḥemdot le-Arisṭo; Eli Havilyo: Haʿataḳat sefer sheʾelot ʿal mah she-ạhar ha-ṭevaʿ le-Arisṭo; Latin glosses in Habillo's translation of Antonius Andreas's Questions on the 'Metaphysics'; Yehuda Meser Leʾon (o eḥad mi-talmidaṿ): Kelalim mah me-sefer ha-mavo; Ṭeʿanot mi-sefer ha-mavo
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 46
    ISBN: 9781402033957
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A 39
    DDC: 121.3
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Evolution (Biology) ; Anthropology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Rationalität ; Sprachphilosophie ; Kulturtheorie ; Evolutionäre Erkenntnistheorie ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie
    Abstract: For the first time in history, scholars working on language and culture from within an evolutionary epistemological framework, and thereby emphasizing complementary or deviating theories of the Modern Synthesis, were brought together. Of course there have been excellent conferences on Evolutionary Epistemology in the past, as well as numerous conferences on the topics of Language and Culture. However, until now these disciplines had not been brought together into one all-encompassing conference. Moreover, previously there never had been such stress on alternative and complementary theories of the Modern Synthesis. Today we know that natural selection and evolution are far from synonymous and that they do not explain isomorphic phenomena in the world. 'Taking Darwin seriously' is the way to go, but today the time has come to take alternative and complementary theories that developed after the Modern Synthesis, equally seriously, and, furthermore, to examine how language and culture can merit from these diverse disciplines. As this volume will make clear, a specific inter- and transdisciplinary approach is one of the next crucial steps that needs to be taken, if we ever want to unravel the secrets of phenomena such as language and culture.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction to evolutionary epistemology, language and culture; Evolutionary epistemology: The non-adaptationist approach; Like cats and dogs: Radical constructivism and evolutionary epistemology; The biological boundary conditions for our classical physical world view; Is the real world something more than the world of our experience? Relations between Neo-Darwinism, transcendental philosophy and cognitive sciences; Universal Darwinism and process essentialism; Darwinism, traditional linguistics and the new Palaeolithic Continuity Theory of language evolution
    Description / Table of Contents: The extended mind model of the origin of language and cultureFrom changes in the world to changes in the words; Evolutionary epistemology and the origin and evolution of language: Taking symbiogenesis seriously; The self-organization of dynamic systems: Modularity under scrutiny; Against human nature; Cognition, evolution, and sociality; Cultural evolution, the Baldwin effect, and social norms; Cultural creativity and evolutionary flexibility; Some ideas to study the evolution of mathematics; Computer modelling as a tool for understanding language evolution
    Description / Table of Contents: Simulating the syntax and semantics of linguistic constructions about timeEvolutionary game-theoretic semantics and its foundational status; Towards a quantum evolutionary scheme: Violating Bell's inequalities in language
    Note: Conference held at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, 2004 , Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402049194
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 77
    DDC: 342.085
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy of Law ; Public Law ; Philosophy (General) ; Law Philosophy ; Comparative law ; Philosophy, modern ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Grundrecht ; Rechtstheorie
    Abstract: Erik Oddvar Eriksen
    Abstract: Explores the path-breaking Theory of Constitutional Rights of Robert Alexy. This work combines the critical analysis of the structural elements of Alexy's theory with an assessment of its applied relevance, with special attention being paid to the UK Human Rights Act and the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union
    Description / Table of Contents: Discourse Theory and Fundamental Rights; Fundamental Rights Principles: Disciplining the Instrumentalism of Policies; Nine Critiques to Alexy's Theory of Fundamental Rights; Democratic or Jurist-Made Law?; On Alexy's Weight Formula; Who's Afraid of the Total Constitution?; Fundamental Rights in the UK Human Rights Act; Some Elements of a Theory of European Fundamental Rights; The Work of Robert Alexy
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402039072
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Synthese Library 330
    RVK:
    Keywords: Logic ; Pragmatism ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Genetic epistemology ; Artificial intelligence ; Erklärung ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; Abduktiver Schluss ; Abduktion
    Abstract: Abductive Reasoning: Logical Investigations into Discovery and Explanation is a much awaited original contribution to the study of abductive reasoning, providing logical foundations and a rich sample of pertinent applications. Divided into three parts on the conceptual framework, the logical foundations, and the applications, this monograph takes the reader for a comprehensive and erudite tour through the taxonomy of abductive reasoning, via the logical workings of abductive inference ending with applications pertinent to scientific explanation, empirical progress, pragmatism and belief revision.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preliminaries; Contents; Foreword; 1 LOGICS OF GENERATION AND EVALUATION; 2 WHAT IS ABDUCTION; 3 ABDUCTION AS LOGICAL INFERENCE; 4 ABDUCTION AS COMPUTATION; 5 SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION; 6 EMPIRICAL PROGRESS; 7 PRAGMATISM; 8 EPISTEMIC CHANGE; References; Author Index
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 49
    ISBN: 9781402037184
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 90
    DDC: 142.7
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy of Nature ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy (General) ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift 2004 ; Phänomenologie ; Geschichte ; Zeit ; Geschichtlichkeit ; Bewusstsein ; Lévinas, Emmanuel 1906-1995 ; Das Andere ; Subjektivität ; Philosophie ; Raum ; Welt ; Lebenswelt ; Kommunikation ; Kultur
    Abstract: Does brute nature unfold a history? Does human history have a telos? Does human existence have a purpose? Phenomenology of life projects an interrogative system for examining these questions. This work follows the logos of life as it spins in innumerable ways the interplay of natural factors, human passions, social forces, science and experience
    Description / Table of Contents: Phenomenological History and Phenomenological Historiography; Phenomenology and the Challenge of History; Phenomenology, History and Historicity in Karl Jaspers' Philosophy; Does History Have a Purpose?; History Theory of Merleau-Ponty in the Latter Half of the 1940S; History as the Unveiling of the Telos. the Husserlian Critique of the Wel Tanschauungen; Husserl and Bergson on Time and Consciousness; The Historicity of Nature; The Enlightenment and Early Romantic Concepts of Nature and the Self; Inhabited Time: Couperin' Passacaille; Social Imagination and History in Paul Ricoeur
    Description / Table of Contents: Anxiety and Time in the Hermeneutic Phenomenology of HeideggerPrinciple of Historicity in the Phenomenology of Life; Emmanuel Levinas and the Deformalization of Time; Emmanuel Levinas: Non-Intentional Consciousness and the Status of Representational Thinking; The Phenomenology of Time in the Philosophy of Levinas: Temporality and Otherness in the Hebraic Tradition; Lifeworld Between Scientific and Cultural Experience: On "European Crisis"; Time, Space and the Individual Being in the Internal and External Worlds During the Lifecourse; Space Travel: When "Space" is a Metaphor
    Description / Table of Contents: Phenomenology of Life of Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka and Some Issues of Contemporary Georgian PhilosophyThe Philosophical Sense is the Mature Sense - Husserl's Reflection on the Measure of Philosophy; Language, Time and Otherness; Virtual Decadence; Some Considerations Concerning the Question of Measure in the Phenomenology of Life; The Interfacing of Language and World; De L'idée de la Forme Phénoménologique; Husserl and the Crisis of Philosophy; Phenomenological Hermeneutics of Intermediacy and the Constitution of Intercultural Sense
    Description / Table of Contents: Arendt's Revision of Praxis: On Plurality and Narrative ExperiencePhenomenology in Mongolia; Phenomenology of Lifelong Learning; From the Station to the Lyceum;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 50
    ISBN: 9781402039171
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Synthese library v. 331
    DDC: 570.1
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Genetic epistemology ; Biology Philosophy ; Life sciences ; Philosophy ; Models, Biological ; Computational Biology trends ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Biologie ; Naturphilosophie ; Selbstorganisation ; Selbstorganisation ; Biowissenschaften ; Emergenz
    Abstract: Self-organization constitutes one of the most important theoretical debates in contemporary life sciences. The present book explores the relevance of the concept of self-organization and its impact on such scientific fields as: immunology, neurosciences, ecology and theories of evolution. Historical aspects of the issue are also broached. Intuitions relative to self-organization can be found in the works of such key western philosophical figures as Aristotle, Leibniz and Kant. Interacting with more recent authors and cybernetics, self-organization represents a notion in keeping with the modern world's discovery of radical complexity. The themes of teleology and emergence are analyzed by philosophers of sciences with regards to the issues of modelization and scientific explanation. The implications of self-organization for life sciences are here approached from an interdisciplinary angle, revealing the notion as already rewarding and full of promise for the future.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Complex Adaptative Systems Approach to Biology; Emergence and Reductionism: from the Game of Life to Science of Life; Formalizing Emergence: the Natural After-Life of Artificial Life; Analysis and Synthesis of Regulator Networks in Terms of Feedback Circuits; Properties Emerging from Sensorimotor Interfaces: Interaction Between Experimentation and Modeling in Neurosciences; Neuronal Synchrony and Cognitive Functions; About Biology and Subjectivity in Psychiatry; Self-Organization and Meaning in Immunology; Kant and the Intuitions of Self-Organization
    Description / Table of Contents: On a ""Mathematical Neo-Aristotelism"" in Leibniz""Essential Force"" and ""Formative Force"": Models for Epigenesis in the 18th Century; From Logic to Self-Organization-Learning about Complexity; The Concept of Emergence in the XIXth Century: from Natural Theology to Biology; Artificial Life and the Sciences of Complexity: History and Future; Self-Organization in Second-Order Cybernetics: Deconstruction or Reconstruction of Complexity; Teleology in Self-Organizing Systems; Phenomenology and Self-Organization; A Role for Mathematical Models in Formalizing Self-Organizing systems
    Description / Table of Contents: Explanation and Causality in Self-Organizing SystemsSelf-Organization, Selection and Emergence in the Theories of Evolution
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  • 51
    ISBN: 9781402033407
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 243
    DDC: 169
    Keywords: Logic ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophie ; Analogie ; Indische Philosophie ; Indische Philosophie ; Analogielehre
    Abstract: This book is unusual in many respects. It was written by a prolific author whose tragic untimely death did not allow to finish this and many other of his undertakings. It was assembled from numerous excerpts, notes, and fragments according to his initial plans. Zilberman's legacy still awaits its true discovery and this book is a second installment to it after The Birth of Meaning in Hindu Thought (Kluwer, 1988). Zilberman's treatment of analogy is unique in its approach, scope, and universality for Western philosophical thought. Constantly compared to eastern and especially classical Indian interpretations, analogy is presented by Zilberman as an important and in many ways primary method of philosophizing or philosophy-building. Due to its universality, this method can be also applied in linguistics, logic, social analysis, as well as historical and anthropological research. These applications are integral part of Zilberman's book. A prophetic leap to largely uncharted territories, this book could be of considerable interest for experts and novices in the field of analogy alike.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introductory Essay; On the Composition of This Book; Analogy in Western Philosophy and Indian Approaches to Analogy: Introduction; Analogy in Navya-Nyaya; History of Indian Logic; The Indian Type of Cultural Tradition; Revelation of the Mechanism of Tradition in a form of Grammatical Paradigms of Indian Logic; The Teaching of \mathop S` S`a [(n)\dot]n.kara on Intuition and the Organization of Philosophical Texts in Order to Perceive the Transcendental
    Description / Table of Contents: Mima \underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{Missing close brace\smash{\scriptscriptstyle\cdot}}}{m} Extra close brace"" /〉sa/On Certainty of Perception in Mima \underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{Missing close bracAdvaita-Vedanta: 'Sariraka-Bha \underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{Missing close brace\smash{\scriptscriptstyle\cdot}}}{S} Extra close brace"" /〉ya'; Upadesa-Sahasri (Note 1); Writing and Tradition; Tradition of the Idea of Man; The Hellenic Type of cultural Tradition; The Western Type of Cultural Tradition
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402041198
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in German Idealism 6
    DDC: 193
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Philosophy of Mind ; Pragmatism ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy (General) ; Hochschulschrift ; Kant, Immanuel 1724-1804 ; Körper ; Praxis
    Abstract: Kant is generally conceived to have offered little attention to the fact that we experience the world in and through our bodies. This book argues that this standard image of the great German philosopher is radically wrong. Not only does Kant - throughout his career and in works published before and after the Critique of pure reason - reflect constantly upon the fact that human life is embodied, but the Critique of pure reason itself may be read as a critical reflection aimed at exploring some significant philosophical implications of this fact. Bringing this aspect of Kant's philosophy into focus is important, not only because it sheds new light on our understanding of Kant's work, but also because it is relevant to contemporary discussions in philosophy about embodiment, learning and practice. By taking his philosophy of embodiment into account, the author makes Kant stand out as a true contemporary in new and unexpected ways.
    Description / Table of Contents: INTRODUCTION; THE EMBODIED MIND; BODY AND SPACE; RATIONALITY AND EMBODIED PRACTICE; THE BODY IN THE CRITIQUE; SPATIAL EXPERIENCE AND THE BODY IN THE CRITIQUE; SPATIAL SCHEMATISM; KANT'S TRANSCENDENTAL EPISTEMOLOGY; QUANTITY; THE RELATIONAL CATEGORIES;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9781402041150
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Islamic philosophy and occidental phenomenology in dialogue v.2
    DDC: 110
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Islamische Philosophie ; Phänomenologie ; Analogie ; Makrokosmos ; Mikrokosmos
    Abstract: "By proposing the Microcosm and Macrocosm analogy for dialogue between Islamic Philosophy and Occidental Phenomenology, the authors of this volume are reviving the perennial positioning of the human condition in the play of forces within and without the human being. This theme has run from Plato through the Middle Ages, Renaissance and Modernity, and has been ignored by contemporaries. It now acquires a new pertinence and striking significance due to the scientific discoveries into the ""infinitely small"" in life, on the one hand, and the prodigious technological discoveries of the ""infinitely great"" on the other. Both open up undreamt-of prospects for the continuing conquest of cosmic forces. The human person - thrown into turmoil by the new approaches to life and needing to acquire new habits of mind, having lost security of all beliefs - desperately seeks a new clarification of the Human Condition within the unity of everything-there-is, of cosmic forces, and of his destiny. The dialogue between Islamic Philosophy and phenomenology of life can show the way. Papers by: Gholam-Reza A'awani, Mehdi Aminrazavi, Roza Davari Ardakani, Mohammad Azadpur, Gary Backhaus, Marina Banchetti-Robino, William Chittick, Seyed Mostafa Muhaghghegh Damad, Golamhossein Ebrahimi Dinani, Nader El-Bizri, Kathleen Haney, Salahaddin Khalilov, Sayyid Mohammad Khamenei, Mahmoud Khatami, Mieczyslaw Pawel Migon, Nikolay Milkov, Sachiko Murata, Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka, Daniela Verducci."
    Description / Table of Contents: The Microcosm/Macrocosm Analogy: A Tentative Encounter Between Graeco-Arabic Philosophy and Phenomenology; The Microcosm/Macrocosm Analogy in Ibn Sînâ and Husserl; Hermann Lotze's Microcosm; Connection of Microcosm with Macrocosm in Max Scheler's Philosophy: Man, Logos and Ethos; Improvisation in the Dance of Life: the Microcosm and Macrocosm; The Uncovering of the Microcosmic-Macrocosmic Setting of Life's Process: The Cosmological Expansion of Phenomenology's Notion of Evidence; Soul and its Creations; The Creative Transformation in Liu Chih's "Philosophy of Islam"
    Description / Table of Contents: "Man's Creativity/Vicegerency" in Islamic Philosophy and MysticismThe Sadrean Theory of the World of Divine Command; A Glance at the World of Image; The World of Imagination; The Sublime Visions of Philosophy: Fundamental Ontology and the Imaginal World; The Circle of Life in Islamic Thought; Between Microcosm and Macrocosm: Man at Work; The Illuminative Notion of Man in Persian Thought: A Response to an Original Quest; Being and Necessity: A Phenomenological Investigation of Avicenna's Metaphysics and Cosmology; Al-Suhrawardi's Doctrine and Phenomenology
    Description / Table of Contents: Martin Heidegger and Omar Khayyam on the Question of "Thereness" (Dasein)
    Note: A collection of papers from three symposiums , Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 54
    ISBN: 9781402047336
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Philosophical studies series v. 103
    DDC: 121
    RVK:
    Keywords: Metaphysics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Metaphysik
    Abstract: Alvin Plantinga is one of the leading figures in Anglo-American metaphysics, epistemology and philosophy of religion, his work in these areas has been the focus of wide scholarly attention. This collection of essays, all of which were written specifically for this volume in honor of Plantinga's 70th birthday, ranges broadly over topics in metaphysics and epistemology and includes contributions by some of the best philosophers writing today.
    Abstract: Comprises essays presented to Alvin Plantinga, a leading figures in Anglo-American metaphysics, epistemology and philosophy of religion, on the occasion of his 70th birthday. This collection ranges broadly over topics in metaphysics and epistemology, and is useful to metaphysicians, epistemologists, philosophers of religion and theologians
    Description / Table of Contents: Actualism and Presentism; Properties; So You Think You Exist? In Defense of Nolipsism; Substance and Artifact in Aquinas's Metaphysics; Epistemology and Metaphysics; Historicizing the Belief-Forming Self; A Dilemma for Internalism; Epistemic Internalism, Philosophical Assurance and the Skeptical Predicament; Scientific Naturalism and the Value of Knowledge; Naturalism and Moral Realism; A Problem with Bayesian Conditionalization; Materialism and Post-Mortem Survival; Split Brains and the Godhead
    Note: Festschrift , Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 55
    ISBN: 9781402042515
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XIX, 232 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Archimedes 14
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Revisiting discovery and justification
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Naturwissenschaften ; Philosophie ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; Entdeckung ; Verifikation
    Abstract: The distinction between the contexts of discovery and justification has left a turbulent wake in the philosophy of science. This book recognizes the need to re-open the debate about the nature, development, and significance of the context distinction, about its merits and flaws. The discussion clears the ground for the productive and fruitful integration of these new developments into philosophy of science.
    Abstract: The distinction between the contexts of discovery and justification has had a turbulent career in philosophy of science. At times celebrated as the hallmark of philosophical approaches to science, at times condemned as ambiguous, distorting, and misleading, the distinction dominated philosophical debates from the early decades of the twentieth century to the 1980s. Until today, it informs our conception of the content, domain, and goals of philosophy of science. It is due to this fact that new trends in philosophy of experimentation and history and sociology of science have been marginalized by traditional scholarship in philosophy. To acknowledge properly this important recent work we need to re-open the debate about the nature, development, and significance of the context distinction, about its merits and flaws. The contributions to this volume provide close readings and detailed analyses of the original textual sources for the context distinction. They revise those accounts of 'forerunners' of the distinction that have been written through the lens of Logical Empiricism. They map, clarify, and analyse the derivations and mutations of the context distinctions as we encounter them in current history and philosophy of science. The re-evaluation of the distinction helps us deal with the philosophical challenges that the New Experimentalism and historically, socio-politically and economically oriented science studies have placed before us. This volume thus clears the ground for the productive and fruitful integration of these new developments into philosophy of science.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preliminaries; CONTENTS; Some Thoughts on the Discovery Justification Distinction; Inductive Justification and Discovery; Freedom in a Scientific Society: Reading the Context of Reichenbach's Contexts; Germano Cantabrigian History of the Fundamental Ideas; Autonomy versus Development: Duhem on Progress in Science; Psychologism and the Distinction Between Discovery and Justification; Context of Discovery versus Context of Justification and Thomas Kuhn; Weaknesses of the Strong Programme in the Sociology of Science; Heuristic Appraisal: Context of Discovery or Justification
    Description / Table of Contents: Concept Formation and the Limits of Justification Discovering the two ElectricitiesContexts of Justifying and Discovering the Nature of Ecosystems; On the Inextricability of the Context of Discovery and the Context of Justification
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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  • 56
    ISBN: 9781402036804
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 88
    DDC: 142.7
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of Mind ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift 2004 ; Phänomenologie ; Logos ; Vernunftkritik ; Ontologie ; Erkenntnis ; Gewissheit ; Evidenz ; Reduktion ; Wahrnehmung ; Idee
    Abstract: During its century-long unfolding, spreading in numerous directions, Husserlian phenomenology while loosening inner articulations, has nevertheless maintained a somewhat consistent profile. As we see in this collection, the numerous conceptions and theories advanced in the various phases of reinterpretations have remained identifiable with phenomenology. What conveys this consistency in virtue of which innumerable types of inquiry-scientific, social, artistic, literary - may consider themselves phenomenological? Is it not the quintessence of the phenomenological quest, namely our seeking to reach the very foundations of reality at all its constitutive levels by pursuing its logos? Inquiring into the logos of the phenomenological quest we discover, indeed, all the main constitutive spheres of reality and of the human subject involved in it, and concurrently, the logos itself comes to light in the radiation of its force (Tymieniecka).
    Description / Table of Contents: Phenomenologie Transcendantale et Critique de la Raison Théorique, pratique et axiologique; The Phenomenology and Hermeneutics of Traditions; Some Comments on Analytic Philosophy and Phenomenology; Lessons from Sartre for the Analytic Phiolosophy of Mind; A New Copernican Revolution: Moving Beyond the Husserlian Epoche to a New Critique of Reason: Tymieniecka and the Role of the Creative Imagination; Ontological Intentions of Twentieth-Century Transcendentalism; The Formal Theory of Everything: Exploration of Housserl's Theory of Manifolds; On the Mode of Existence of the Real Numbers
    Description / Table of Contents: Hermeneutische Versus Reflexive PhäNomenologieOn the Ontological Structure of Husserl's Perceptual Noema and the Object of Perception; The Phenomenological Approach to Ontology in the Argument of Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka: Differentiation and Unity as Dynamism of Logos and Life; Descartes and Ortega on the Fate of Indubitable Knowledge; Evidence and Structure; The Resistance of the Question to Phenomenological Reduction: Husserl, Fink and the Adequacy of the Sixth Cartesian Meditation as a Response to Heidegger; An Interpertation of Husserl's Concept of Constitution in Terms of Symmetry
    Description / Table of Contents: Hegelian and Heideggerian TautologiesThe Problem of the 'Idea' in Derrida's; Body or Flesh? The Problem of Phenomenological Reduction in Merleau-Ponty#X2019; s Philosophical Development; Conceptions of Time in Husserl's Social Worlds - Modern Perspective of Metaxy; Alfred Schutz's Critical Analysis of Husserl's Transcendental Phenomenology; The Joys of Disclosure: Simone de Beauvoir and the Phenomenological Tradition; Merleau-Ponty and the Relation between the Logos Prophorikos and the Logos Endiathetos; A Miniscule Hiatus: Foucault's Critique of the Concept of Lived-Experience (vécu)
    Description / Table of Contents: The Invisible and the Unpresentable. The Role of Metaphor in Merleau-Ponty's Last Writings
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402038358
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 121
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Apoptosis drug effects
    Abstract: Contextualism has become one of the leading paradigms in contemporary epistemology. According to this view, there is no context-independent standard of knowledge, and as a result, all knowledge ascriptions are context-sensitive. Contextualists contend that their account of this analysis allows us to resolve some major epistemological problems such as skeptical paradoxes and the lottery paradox, and that it helps us explain various other linguistic data about knowledge ascriptions. The apparent ease with which contextualism seems to solve numerous epistemological quandaries has inspired the burgeoning interest in it. This comprehensive anthology collects twenty original essays and critical commentaries on different aspects of contextualism, written by leading philosophers on the topic. The editors' introduction sketches the historical development of the contextualist movement and provides a survey and analysis of its arguments and major positions. The papers explore, inter alia, the central problems and prospects of semantic (or conversational) contextualism and its main alternative approaches such as inferential (or issue) contextualism, epistemic contextualism, and virtue contextualism. They also investigate the connections between contextualism and epistemic particularism, and between contextualism and stability accounts of knowledge. Contributors include: Antonia Barke, Peter Baumann, Elke Brendel, Stewart Cohen, Wayne Davis, Fred Dretske, Mylan Engel, Jr., Gerhard Ernst, Verena Gottschling, John Greco, Thomas Grundmann, Frank Hofmann, Christoph Jäger, Nikola Kompa, Dirk Koppelberg, Mark Lance, Margaret Little, Lydia Mechtenberg, Hans Rott, Bruce Russell, Gilbert Scharifi, and Michael Williams.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preliminaries; Contents; Approaches to Epistemology: Problems and Prospects; Externalism and Modest Contextualism; Skepticism, Information, and Closure:; What's Wrong with Contextualism; Contextualism and the Skeptic; How to be an Anti-Skeptic and a Noncontextualist; Are Knowledge Claims Indexical?; Keeping the Conversational Score: Constraints for an Optimal Contextualist Answer?; Knowledge, Reflection and Sceptical Hypotheses; Inferential Contextualism, Epistemological Realism and Scepticism; Epistemic Contextualism
    Description / Table of Contents: Why Epistemic Contextualism Does not Provide an Adequate Account of KnowledgeA Different Sort of Contextualism; On the Prospects for Virtue Contextualism:; Lotteries and Contexts; Reply to Baumann; Defeasibility and the Normative Grasp of Context; Moral Particularism and Epistemic Contextualism; Stability, Strength and Sensitivity; The Stability Theory of Knowledge and Belief Revision; List of Contributors
    Note: "Reprinted from Erkenntnis 61 Nos. 2-3 (Novermber 2004) , Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 58
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402026423
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Edmund Husserl Collected Works 11
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    Keywords: Aesthetics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of Mind ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology
    Abstract: This is the first English translation of Husserliana XXIII, the volume in the critical edition of Edmund Husserl's works that gathers together a rich array of posthumous texts on representational consciousness. The lectures and sketches comprising this work make available the most profound and comprehensive Husserlian account of image consciousness. They explore phantasy in depth, and furnish nuanced accounts of perception and memory.
    Abstract: This is the first English translation of Husserliana XXIII, the volume in the critical edition of Edmund Husserl's works that gathers together a rich array of posthumous texts on representational consciousness. The lectures and sketches comprising Husserliana XXIII come from a period of enormous productivity and pivotal development in Husserl's philosophical life, extending from the years immediately preceding the Logical Investigations (1900-01) almost to the time of his retirement in 1928. They make available the most profound and comprehensive Husserlian account of image consciousness - the awareness we have when we look at a picture or see a play - and of its relation to art and the aesthetic. They explore phantasy in depth, and furnish nuanced accounts of perception and memory. They enrich the Husserlian analysis of time consciousness and offer a fascinating picture of the sometimes tortuous paths Husserl took in his efforts to comprehend how the forms of representation are constituted and how they are related to one another and to perception.
    Note: " ... a translation of Phantasie, Bildbewusstsein, Erinnerung (1898-1925), Volume XXIII in the Husserliana series, the critical edition of the works of Edmund Husserl. Husserliana XXIII brings together a broad range of posthumous texts on perception, phantasy, image consciousness, memory, time, and a variety of related topics"--P. xxix , Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9781402030659
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 84
    DDC: 142/.7
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    Keywords: Phenomenology ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Phänomenologie ; Leben ; Lebenswelt
    Abstract: Philosophy has been always received or bypassed for its resonance or aloofness with the spirit of the time. Should not philosophy/phenomenology of life be expected to do more to ascertain its validity? Should it not pass the pragmatic test, that is to respond directly to the life-concerns of its time? What is the role of the philosopher and philosophy today? Due to the ever-advancing scientific, technological, social and cultural changes that are shaping human life and the life-world-in-transformation, we are desperately seeking a measure to estimate life's unfolding, a compass to stir the course between Scylla and Charibda to maintain human-hood and creative insight for laying the cornerstones for the unforeseeable unfolding of life dynamisms. It is this challenge which philosophy/phenomenology of life meets with underlying ontopoietic unraveling of the hidden logoic concatenations of beingness-in-becoming. The present collection of essays offers contributions to answer this challenge by focusing upon measure, sharing-in-life, intersubjectivity and communication, societal equilibrium, education, and more. It will be of great interest to those working in the fields of Phenomenology, Philosophy, History of Philosophy, and Contemporary Philosophy.
    Note: "Published under the auspices of The World Institute for Advanced Phenomenological Research and Learning , Includes bibliographical references and index , Papers presented at the 53rd International Phenomenology Congress, held Aug. 10-17, 2003 in Istanbul, Turkey (on p. ix, the year of the Congress is incorrectly given as 2004) , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402033339
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2005 Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 244
    Parallel Title: Print version Turkish Studies in the History and Philosophy if Science
    DDC: 001.01 s
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy of Mind ; Science History ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Türkei ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie
    Abstract: As an academic discipline, the philosophy and history of science in Turkey was marked by two historical events: Hans Reichenbach's immigrating to Turkey and taking a post between 1933 and 1938 at Istanbul University prior to his tenure at UCLA, and Aydin Sayili's establishing a chair in the history of science in 1952 after having become the first student to receive a Ph.D. under George Sarton at Harvard University. Since then, both disciplines have flourished in Turkey. The present book, which contains seventeen newly commissioned articles, aims to give a rich overview of the current state of research by Turkish philosophers and historians of science. Topics covered address issues in methodology, causation, and reduction, and include philosophy of logic and physics, philosophy of psychology and language, and Ottoman science studies. The book also contains an unpublished interview with Maria Reichenbach, Hans Reichenbach's wife, which sheds new light on Reichenbach's academic and personal life in Istanbul and at UCLA.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 61
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402040474
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Amsterdam Studies in Jewish Thought 10
    DDC: 193
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ethics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, modern ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Cohen, Hermann 1842-1918
    Abstract: Hermann Cohen (1842-1918) is an original systematic thinker and representative of the Marburg School of Critical Idealism. The Marburg School was a leading school in German academic philosophy and in German Jewish philosophy for a period of over thirty years preceding the first World War. Initially standing at the front of the 'Return to Kant' movement, Cohen subsequently went beyond Kant in developing a system of critical idealism in which he offered a critique of and alternative to absolute idealism, positivism, and materialism. A critical idealist in heart and soul, Cohen is also recognized as a man who embodied German Jewish culture. Publications on Cohen in the English language are small in number and this volume aims to fill the gap. It offers an analysis of Cohen's System of Philosophy - the three-volume classic on logic, ethics, and aesthetics - and his writings on Judaism and religion. The book highlights Cohen's contributions in these fields, including his discussions with Maimonides, Leibniz, Kant, and Hegel. It demonstrates the congeniality of Cohen's critical idealism as expounded in the System and his writings on Judaism, and offers an overview of contemporary Cohen research.
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS; Preface; Abbreviations; INTRODUCTION; Helmet Holzhey: Cohen and the Marburg School in Context; LOGIK; Werner Flach: Cohen's Ursprungsdenken; Reiner Wiehl: Identity and Correlation in Hermann Cohen's System of Philosophy; Gianna Gigliotti: Beweis and Aufweis: Transcendental a Priori and metaphysical a prioiru in Cohen's neo-Kantianism; Pierfrancesco Fiorato:Notes on Future in Hermann Cohen's Anti-Eschatological, Messianism; Astrid Deuber-Mankowsky: Hanging over the Abyss: On the Relation between Knowledge and Experience in Hermann Cohen and Walter Benjamin; ETHIK
    Description / Table of Contents: Robert Gibbs: Jurisprudence is the Organon of Ethics: Kant and Cohen on Ethics, Law, and ReligionPeter A. Schmid: Hermann Cohen's Theory of Virtue; David Novak: Hermann Cohen on State and Nation: A Contemporary Review; ASTHETIK; Andrea Poma: The Portrait in Hermann Cohen's Aesthetics; Marc de Launay: The Statue of Music in Hermann Cohen's Ästhetik; Ursula Renz: Critical Idealism and the Concept of Culture: Philosophy of Culture in Hermann Cohen and Ernst Cassirer; RELIGION; Arthur Hyman: Maimonidean Elements in Hermann Cohen's Philosophy of Religion
    Description / Table of Contents: Irene Kajon: Critical Idealism in Hermann Cohen's Writings on JudaismNorman Solomon: Cohen on Atonement, Purification and Repentance; Andrea Poma: Suffering and Non-Eschatological Messianism in Hermann Cohen; Contributors; Index
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 62
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402030468
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 326
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Technology Philosophy ; Erkenntnis ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; Theoretische Physik ; Theoriebildung ; Wissenschaftliche Revolution ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; Naturwissenschaften ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Vyacheslav Stepin (born 19.08.1934) is a distinguished Russian philosopher, PhD, Professor, active member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Honoured Professor of Moscow State University and Honorary Doctor of the Karlsruhe University (Germany). He is the organizer and leader of large-scale joint research projects with foreign universities and research centers (USA, Germany, France, China) on problems of philosophy of sciences and technics, globalization and basic values of culture. In the book Theoretical Knowledge by V. Stepin, an original conception of a structure and dynamics of scientific knowledge is proposed. A detailed analysis of the foundations of science performed by the author allowed him to develop new ideas and approaches, to demonstrate how sociocultural factors are incorporated in the process of yielding of new theories. He shows direct and inverse links between foundations of science and new theories and empirical facts evolved from those, how among many potentially possible histories of science a culture selects just those directions which become a real history of science. The author analyses mechanisms of the generation of scientific theories and shows that those are changed in the process of historical development of science. He displays three historical types of scientific rationality (classical, non-classical and post-non-classical, which appears in modern science) and shows features of their coexistence and interplay. It is shown that along with the emerging of post-non-classical rationality science increases the sphere of its worldview applications. Science begins to correlate not only with the basic values of technogenic civilization but also with some values and patterns of traditional cultures. The investigation is based on the extensive literature on the history of natural and social sciences. The reader will find in the book authentic historical reconstructions of the processes of the development of classical and quantum electrodynamics, relativity, and conceptions of evolution in biology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Scientific Cognition in a Sociocultural Context; Structure of Theoretical Knowledge; The Foundations of Science; Genesis of Theoretical Knowledge in Classical Science; Formation and Development of Theory in Non-Classical Science; Scientific Revolutions; Strategies of Theoretical Investigation in the Epoch of Post-Non-Classical Science; Strategies of Theoretical Investigation in the Epoch of Post-Non-Classical Science
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 381-394) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402029806
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Issues in Business Ethics 21
    DDC: 174.4
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Comparative law ; Economics ; Business planning ; Katastrophenmanagement ; Wirtschaftsethik
    Abstract: Robert Elliott Allinson
    Abstract: Dealing with the field of management ethics, this book demonstrates Professor Allinson's thesis that valuing human lives is the core of ethical management. His comparison of the ideas of the power of Fate and High Technology, his penetrating analysis of the very concept of an "accident", demonstrate how concepts rule our lives
    Description / Table of Contents: Accidents, Tragedies and Disasters; The Internal Relationship Between Ethics and Business; The Buck Stops Here and it Stops Everywhere Else as Well; Crisis Management and Disaster Prevention Management; The Vasa Disaster; The Titanic Disaster; The Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster; Post-Challenger Investigations; The Herald of Free Enterprise Disaster; The King's Cross Underground Fire; The Disaster on Mt. Erebus; Moral Responsibility and Techno-Organization
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 64
    ISBN: 9781402032608
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Topoi Library 6
    DDC: 111.1092
    RVK:
    Keywords: Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 ; Metaphysik ; Individualität ; Substanz ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 ; Substanz
    Abstract: In his well-known Discourse on Metaphysics, Leibniz puts individual substance at the basis of metaphysical building. In so doing, he connects himself to a venerable tradition. His theory of individual concept, however, breaks with another idea of the same tradition, that no account of the individual as such can be given. Contrary to what has been commonly accepted, Leibniz's intuitions are not the mere result of the transcription of subject-predicate logic, nor of the uncritical persistence of some old metaphysical assumptions. They grow, instead, from an unprejudiced inquiry about our basic ontological framework, where logic of truth, linguistic analysis, and phenomenological experience of the mind's life are tightly interwoven. Leibniz's struggle for a concept capable of grasping concrete individuals as such is pursued in an age of great paradigm changes - from the Scholastic background to Hobbes's nominalism to the Cartesian 'way of ideas' or Spinoza's substance metaphysics - when the relationships among words, ideas and things are intensively discussed and wholly reshaped. This is the context where the genesis and significance of Leibniz's theory of 'complete being' and its concept are reconstrued. The result is a fresh look at some of the most perplexing issues in Leibniz scholarship, like his ideas about individual identity and the thesis that all its properties are essential to an individual. The questions Leibniz faces, and to which his theory of individual substance aims to answer, are yet, to a large extent, those of contemporary metaphysics: how to trace a categorial framework? How to distinguish concrete and abstract items? What is the metaphysical basis of linguistic predication? How is trans-temporal sameness assured? How to make sense of essential attributions? In this ontological framework Leibniz's further questions about the destiny of human individuals and their history are spelt out. Maybe his answers also have something to tell us. This book is aimed at all who are interested in Leibniz's philosophy, history of early modern philosophy and metaphysical issues in their historical development.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. [393]-413) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 65
    ISBN: 9781402033971
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 328
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Glycoproteins Congresses physiology ; Tarski, Alfred 1901-1983 ; Wahrheitstheorie ; Österreich ; Polen ; Analytische Philosophie ; Wahrheitstheorie ; Geschichte 1800-1933 ; Wahrheit
    Abstract: This book offers a detailed study of the truth-bearers problem, that is, the question of which category of items the predicates 'true' and 'false' are predicated. The book has two dimensions: historical and systematic. Both focus around Tarski's semantic theory of truth. The author locates Tarski's ideas in a broad context of Austrian philosophy, in particular, Brentano's tradition. However, Bolzano and phenomenology (Husserl and Reinach) are also taken into account. The historical perspective is completed by showing how Tarski was rooted in Polish philosophical tradition originated with Twardowski and his version of Brentanism. The historical considerations are the basis for showing how the idea of truth-bearers as acts of judging was transformed into the theory of truth-bearers as sentences. In particular, the author analyses the way to nominalism in Polish philosophy, culminating in Lesniewski, Kotarbinski and Tarski. This book is indispensable for everybody interested in the evolution of Austrian philosophy from descriptive psychology to semantics. It is also a fundamental contribution toward a deeper understanding of the philosophical background of Tarski's theory of truth.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: Alfred Tarski's Philosophical Background in the Context of His 1933 Definition of Truth; The Notion of the Truth Bearer; Descriptive Psychology: The Theory of Judgement as the Theory of Cognition and Knowledge; Judgement, Psychology, and Language; The Ontology of Judgement; Reism; The Objectivity of Truth; Ontologism, Abstract Objects and Nominalism; Brentanism and the Background of the Semantics of the Lvov-Warsaw School; Judgment, Belief, and Sentences: Remarks on the Truth Bearer in the Lvov-Warsaw School; Final Comments
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 221-233) and index , Originally presented as the author's thesis (doctoral), written in German under the title: Vom Urteil zum Satz. Das Wahrheitsträgerproblem von Bolzano zu Tarski , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 66
    ISBN: 9781402034879
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas 190
    DDC: 135.43094709033
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Philosophy of Mind ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Political science Philosophy ; Novikov, Nikolaj I. 1744-1818 ; Russland ; Freimaurer ; Geschichte 1750-1792
    Abstract: This is the first investigation of the history of Russian Freemasonry, based on the premise that the facts of the Russian Enlightenment preclude application of the interpretative framework commonly used for the history of western thought. Coverage includes the development of early Russian masonry, the formation of the Novikov circle in Moscow, the 'programme' of Rosicrucianism and its Russian variant and, finally, the clash between the Rosicrucians and the State.
    Abstract: The author undertakes an investigation into the history of Russian Freemasonry that has not been attempted previously. Her premise is that the Russian Enlightenment shows peculiar features, which prevent the application of the interpretative framework commonly used for the history of western thought. The author deals with the development of early Russian masonry, the formation of the Novikov circle in Moscow, the programme of Rosicrucianism and the character of its Russian variant and, finally, the clash between the Rosicrucians and the State. The author concludes that the defenders of the Ancien Régime were not wrong. In fact the democratic behaviour, the critical attitude, the practice of participation, the freedom of thought, the tolerance for the diversity, the search for a direct communication with the divinity, in short all the attitudes and behaviours first practiced inside the eighteenth century Rosicrucian lodges constituted a cultural experience which spread throughout the entire society. Novikov s imprisonment in 1792 and the war against the Rosicrucian literature were attempts to thwart a culture, based on the independence of thought that was taking root inside the very establishment, representing a menace to its stability.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preliminary; Introduction; Freemasonry and Power: The Paradoxes of Petersburg; Utopia and Reform in Moscow: N. I. Novikov's Circle; Russian Rosicrucianism, between East and West; The Rosicrucians and Authority: An Alliance of the Throne and the Altar; Back matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 263-287) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402035098
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 245
    DDC: 501
    Keywords: Darwin, Charles ; Humanities ; Science History ; Genetic epistemology ; Psychology ; Science History ; Creativity ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Darwin, Charles 1809-1882 ; Kreativität ; Wissenschaft
    Abstract: Creativity, Psychology, and the History of Science offers for the first time a comprehensive overview of the oeuvre of Howard E. Gruber, who is noted for his contributions both to the psychology of creativity and to the history of science. The present book includes papers from a wide range of topics. In the contributions to creativity research, Gruber proposes his key ideas for studying creative work. Gruber focuses on how the thinking, motivation and affect of extraordinarily creative individuals evolve and how they interact over long periods of time. Gruber's approach bridges many disciplines and subdisciplines in psychology and beyond, several of which are represented in the present volume: cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, history of science, aesthetics, and politics. The volume thus presents a unique and comprehensive contribution to our understanding of the creative process. Many of Gruber's papers have not previously been easily accessible, they are presented here in thoroughly revised form.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Introduction: A Life with a Purpose; The Creative Person as a Whole; The Case Study That Started It All: Charles Darwin; Facets of the Creative Process: Insight, Point of View and Repetition; Modalities; Tracking The Ordinary Course of Development; Coping with the Extraordinary; Creativity in the Moral Domain; Peace and Further Conditions for Human Welfare
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. [487]-517) and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 68
    ISBN: 9781402033780
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 18
    DDC: 610.92
    Keywords: Charleton, Walter ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Genetic epistemology ; medicine Philosophy ; Medicine ; Physicians Biography ; History, 17th Century Biography ; Philosophy Biography History ; Biografie ; Charleton, Walter 1620-1707
    Abstract: Walter Charleton has been depicted as a natural philosopher whose intellectual career mirrored the intellectual ferment of the 'scientific revolution'. Examining three of his vernacular medical texts, this work considers his thoughts on anatomy, physiology and the methods by which he sought to understand the invisible processes of the body
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Rewriting Walter Charleton: Physick and Natural Philosophy; 'The Alembic of Our Pen': Charleton's Identity as a Physician; 'The Animal Oeconomy': Natural History (1659) in the Context of English Physiology; 'The Republick of Letters': Charleton's Identity in the Royal Society & College of Physicians; Enquiries Into Human Nature (1680): Charleton's Anatomy and Physiology After the Royal Society; Three Anatomic Lectures (1683): Ways of Knowing and the Anatomical Body; Conclusions
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 69
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402033995
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 300
    DDC: 128.3
    RVK:
    Keywords: Logic ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Artificial intelligence ; Animal behavior ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Philosophie ; Wissenschaftliches Denken ; Philosophie
    Abstract: This volume is a collection of some of the most important philosophical papers by Peter Gärdenfors. Spanning a period of more than 20 years of his research, they cover a wide ground of topics, from early works on decision theory, belief revision and nonmonotonic logic to more recent work on conceptual spaces, inductive reasoning, semantics and the evolutions of thinking. Many of the papers have only been published in places that are difficult to access. The common theme of all the papers is the dynamics of thought. Several of the papers have become minor classics and the volume bears witness of the wide scope of Gärdenfors' research and of his crisp and often witty style of writing. The volume will be of interest to researchers in philosophy and other cognitive sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Probabilistic Reasoning and Evidentiary Value; Unreliable Probabilities, Risk Taking, and Decision Making; Rights, Games and Social Choice; The Dynamics of Belief Systems: Foundations vs. Coherence Theories; The Role of Expectations in Reasoning; How Logic Emerges from the Dynamics of Information; Induction, Conceptual Spaces and AI; Three Levels of Inductive Inference; Frameworks for Properties: Possible Worlds vs. Conceptual Spaces; The Pragmatic Role of Modality in Natural Language; The Social Stance; The Emergence of Meaning; Does Semantices Need Reality?
    Description / Table of Contents: The Nature of Man - Games That Genes Play?The Detachment of Thought; Cognitive Science: From Computers to Anthills as Models of Human Thought
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 70
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402035524
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 70
    RVK:
    Keywords: Logic ; Humanities ; Genetic epistemology ; Law Philosophy ; Lehrbuch ; Juristische Logik ; Juristische Logik
    Abstract: Studies in Legal Logic is a collection of nine interrelated papers about the logic, epistemology and ontology of law. All of the papers were written after the publication of the author's Reasoning with Rules and supplement the issues addressed therein. Some of the papers are new, others have been revised substantially after the publication of their original versions. The emphasis is on analysis, not on logical technicalities.Studies in Legal Logic contains chapters about the nature of norms, the role of coherence in the law, the nature of defeasibility, the role of dialectics in law and artificial intelligence, the statics and dynamics of the law, and the consistency of rules. Moreover, it contains a new, simplified and yet more powerful version of Reason-based Logic and extensive examples of how it can be used for the analysis of legal reasoning. The examples deal with legal theory construction, case-based reasoning, and judicial proof.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Law and Defeasibility; Law and Coherence; Reason-Based Logic; Comparing Alternatives; Rule Consistency; What is a Norm?; Legal Statics and Legal Dynamics; Dialectical Models in Artificial Intelligence and Law; Legal Reasoning and Legal Integration
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. [297]-318) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 71
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402055478
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 610
    Keywords: Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy (General) ; Wahrheit ; Beweis ; Kohärenz
    Abstract: This book provides a comprehensive understanding of coherence, the controversy surrounding it, and its implications across the discipline of philosophy. Coverage first takes up the challenging and controversial task of measuring the coherence of an information set and then criticizes this endeavor. The book also relates this foundational research to a wide array of epistemological and metaphysical challenges.
    Note: "Reprinted from Erkenntnis 63 no. 3 (2005) , Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 72
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402038068
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 335.43/45
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; China ; Philosoph ; Marxismus ; Geschichte 1923-1945
    Abstract: Examines the introduction of Marxist philosophy to China from the early 1920s to the mid 1940s, through an examination of the philosophical activities and writings of four Chinese Marxist philosophers central to this process - Qu Qiubai, Ai Siqi, Li Da and Mao Zedong
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Marx, Marxist Philosophy and the Construction of 'Orthodoxy'; Qu Qiubai and the Origins of Marxist Philosophy in China; Qu Qiubai and the Origins of Marxist Philosophy in China; The New Philosophy and Marxist Philosophy in China; Ai Siqi and Mao Zedong; Ai Siqi on the New Philosophy; Li Da and Marxist Philosophy in China; Mao Zedong and the New Philosophy; Mao Zedong on Dialectical Materialism; From the New Philosophy to 'Mao Zedong Thought'; Conclusion
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 225-231) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 73
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402041259
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 194
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ethics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy (General) ; Konkordanz ; Lévinas, Emmanuel 1906-1995
    Abstract: This work is the first Levinas Concordance. The particularity of this index is that it covers on all the 28 books published by Levinas in French. The Levinas Concordance comprises the complete list of meaningful words of Levinas' oeuvre and their corresponding occurrences, indicated by book, page and line. The Levinas Concordance contains eight specific indexes: General Index of French Terms, General Index of Proper Names, Index of Hebrew, Biblical and Talmudic Proper Names, Index of Hebrew Terms, Index of Greek Terms, Index of Latin Terms, Index of German Terms, Index of Works.
    Abstract: Covering all the 28 books published by Levinas in French, this book comprises the complete list of meaningful words of Levinas' oeuvre and their corresponding occurrences, indicated by book, page and line. It contains eight specific indexes
    Description / Table of Contents: Preliminary; Introduction; List of Abbreviations; General Index of French Terms; General Index of Proper Names; Index of Hebrew, Biblical and Talmudic Proper Names; Index of Hebrew Terms; Index of Greek Terms; Index of Latin Terms; Index of German Terms; Index of Works
    Note: Description based upon print version of record , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 74
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401704199
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 242 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 80
    Series Statement: Asian Studies in Bioethics and the Philosophy of Medicine 80
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; medicine Philosophy ; Ethics ; Life sciences. ; Medicine—Philosophy. ; Philosophy, Asian.
    Abstract: Bioethics: Asian Perspectives: A Quest for Moral Diversity: - is the first volume on bioethics all contributors of which are exclusively non-western scholars; - unfolds a rich and colourful picture; - addresses thorny bioethical issues from comprehensive Asian perspectives and different from the western paradigm of bioethics; - covers many topics including the intellectual foundation of Asian bioethics, bioethics and Asian culture, life and death, euthanasia and end-of-life care in Asia; - shows in its discussions moral diversity in Asia; - sheds light on the debate about universal ethics, global ethics and moral diversity. The book is intended for senior undergraduate and graduate students interested in bioethics as well as for bioethicists, philosophers, physicians, scholars of Asian and culture studies, geneticists, sinologists, medical anthropologists, health administrators, health officials for relations with Asia, foundation officers for health programs in Asia, western journalists in Asia and officers of international organizations for Asia
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  • 75
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401000475
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (LXIV, 887 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 79
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology
    Abstract: "Does the World exist?" There would be no reason to resurrect this question of modernity from its historical oblivion were it not for the fact that recent evolution in science and technology, impregnating culture, makes us wonder about the nature of reality, of the world we are living in, and of our status as living beings within it. Thus great metaphysical subjacent queries are forcefully revived, calling for new investigations to proceed in the light of the innumerable novel insights of science. This collection presents a wealth of material toward an elaboration of a new metaphysical groundwork of the ontopoiesis/ phenomenology of life sought to effect such investigations. The classic postulates of the metaphysics of reality, those of necessity and certainty here find a new formulation. Away from sclerotized ontological and cognitive assumptions and congenial with the views of contemporary science, the understanding of reality, of our world of life, and of ourselves within it is to be sought in the existential/ontopoietic ciphering of life (Tymieniecka)
    Description / Table of Contents: From the Contens:Acknowledgments.- I: Framing the Ontopoietic Vision of the World and Existence.-II: Toward Lifting of the Classical Controversy Idealism/Realism -- III: Transcendentalism Revisited -- IV: Ciphering the Plurisignificant Sharing of Existence -- V: The Creating Ciphering of Reality by Art --  VI: The Worlds of Human Inward-Outward Existential Radiation of Reality -- VII: The Cultural Ciphers of the World.- VIII: The New Ciphering of the Constant Coordinates of the World and Existence -- IX: Some Contributions to the Scientific Interpretation of the Origins of Life -- Index Of Names.
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  • 76
    ISBN: 9781402028083
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 626 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Logic, Epistemology, And The Unity Of Science 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Biology Philosophy ; Physics ; Philosophy and science. ; Epistemology. ; Logic ; Developmental biology ; Philosophy. ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: The aim of the series Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science, of which this is the first volume, is to take up anew the challenge of considering the scientific enterprise in its entirety in light of recent developments in logic and philosophy. Developments in logic are especially relevant to the current situation in philosophy of science. At present, there is no single logic, single approach to semantics or well-defined conception of scientific method dominating the philosophy of science. At the same time, questions concerning linguistic, reductionist and foundationalist approaches to epistemology, the analytic and synthetic distinction as well as disputes concerning semantics and pragmatics have been illuminated by recent developments in logic. Given the power of such developments, discussions of the unity of science are even more intriguing and urgent than in the 20th century. The first title in this new series aims to explore, through extensive co-operation, new ways of achieving the integration of science in all its diversity. The present volume contains essays from some of the most important and influential philosophers in contemporary philosophy, discussing a range of topics such as philosophy of science, epistemology, philosophy of logic and game theoretical approaches. It will be of great interest to philosophers, computer scientists and all others interested in the scientific rationality
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  • 77
    ISBN: 9781402026430
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 428 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 81
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Aesthetics ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: How do we perdure when we and everything around us are caught up in incessant change? But the course of this change does not seem to be haphazard and we may seek the modalities of its Logos in the transformations in which it occurs. The classic term "Metamorphosis" focuses upon the proportions between the transformed and the retained, the principles of sameness and otherness. Applied to life and its becoming, metamorphosis pinpoints the proportions between the vital and the aesthetic significance of life. Where could this metaphysical in-between territory come better to light than in the Fine Arts? In this collection are investigated the various proportions between the vital significance of the constructivism of life and a specifically human contribution made by the creative imagination to the transformatory search for beauty and aesthetic values. Papers by: Lawrence Kimmel, Mark L. Brack, Sheryl Tucker de Vazquez, William Roberts, Jadwiga Smith, Victor Gerald Rivas, Max Statkiewicz, Matti Itkonen, George R. Tibbetts, Linda Stratford, Jorella Andrews, Ingeborg M. Rocker, Stephen J. Goldberg, Leah Durner, Donnalee Dox, Catherine Schear, Samantha Henriette Krukowski, Gary Maciag, Kelly Dennis, Wanda Strukus, Magda Romanska, Patricia Trutty-Coohill, Ellen Burns, Tessa Morrison, Sabine Coelsch-Foisner, Gary Backhaus, Daniel M. Unger, Howard Pearce
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  • 78
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    ISBN: 9781402019869
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 1052 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: The twenty-eight essays in this Handbook, all by leading experts in the field, provide the most extensive treatment of various epistemological problems, supplemented by a historical account of this field. The entries are self-contained and substantial contributions to topics such as the sources of knowledge and belief, knowledge acquisition, and truth and justification. There are extensive essays on knowledge in specific fields: the sciences, mathematics, the humanities and the social sciences, religion, and language. Special attention is paid to current discussions on evolutionary epistemology, relativism, the relation between epistemology and cognitive science, sociology of knowledge, epistemic logic, knowledge and art, and feminist epistemology. This collection is a must-have for anybody interested in human knowledge, and its fortunes and misfortunes
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  • 79
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401002899
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 559 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 230
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 230
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy and science. ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: Do knowledge and science arise from the application of canons of rationality and scientific method? Or is all our scientific knowledge caused by socio-political factors, or by our interests in the socio-political - the view of sociologists of "knowledge"? Or does it result from interplay of relations of power - the view of Michel Foucault? Or does our knowledge arise from "the will to power" - the view of Nietzsche? This volume sets out to critically examine the theses of those who would debunk the idea of rational explanation. The book is wide-ranging. The theories of method of Quine, Kuhn, Feyerabend (amongst others) are discussed and related to the views of Marx, Foucault, Wittgenstein and Nietzsche as well as sociologists of science such as Mannheim and Bloor. The author provides a wide interpretative framework which links the doctrines espoused by many of these authors; it is argued that they inherit many of the difficulties in the Strong Programme in the sociology of "knowledge", and that they fail to reconcile the normativity of knowledge with their naturalism. It is argued that neither relativists, sceptics, nihilists, sociologists of "knowledge" nor the postmodernists successfully debunk the claims of rational explanation, far from it: these theorists presuppose much of the theory of methodology they deny
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  • 80
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401702294
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XLIV, 251 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Islamic Philosophy and Occidental Phenomenology in Dialogue 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, Asian. ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: The Passions of the Soul in the Metamorphosis of Becoming is relevant to Islamicists, phenomenologists, comparatists, metaphysicians, philosophers of religion, and historians of ideas. Although in the past decades numerous inquiries in phenomenology have offered us some intriguing interpretations of the history of philosophy, no research has been thoroughly conducted on the correspondences between Islamic Philosophy and Occidental Phenomenology. This book is the first volume of our new unique and pioneering book series: Islamic Philosophy and Occidental Phenomenology in Dialogue. The main aim of this new book series is to engage in a philosophical exploration, bringing back to the philosophical arena key philosophical issues presently forgotten; issues that underlie both of these intellectual projects revived and critically enriched with contemporary insights, will return to their proper significance for future philosophy. An exchange of insights and intuitions between these traditions should advance and fructify them both and so enhance the cultural development of humankind
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  • 81
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400708228
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 237 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 319
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Humanities ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: (Over)Interpreting Wittgenstein will be read by philosophers investigating Wittgenstein and by scholars, interpreters, students, and specialists, in both analytic and continental philosophy. It will intrigue readers interested in issues of interpretation and cultural studies. This book tells the story - as yet untold - of Wittgenstein interpretation during the past eighty years. It provides different interpretations, chronologies, developments, and controversies. It aims to discover the (socio-cultural rather than psychological) motives and motivations behind the philosophical community's project of interpreting Wittgenstein. As a cultural history of ideas, it traces the parallelism between Wittgenstein interpretation and the move from metaphysics, to language, to postmodernism effected in the twentieth century
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  • 82
    ISBN: 9789400710467
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 292 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 321
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Realism in Action is a selection of essays written by leading representatives in the fields of action theory and philosophy of mind, philosophy of the social sciences and especially the nature of social action, and of epistemology and philosophy of science. Practical reason, reasons and causes in action theory, intending and trying, and folk-psychological explanation are some of the topics discussed by these leading participants. A particular emphasis is laid on trust, commitments and social institutions, on the possibility of grounding social notions in individual social attitudes, on the nature of social groups, institutions and collective intentionality, and on common belief and common knowledge. Applications to the social sciences include, e.g., a look at the Erklären-Verstehen controversy in economics, and at constructivist and realist views on archeological reconstructions of the past
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9789401701518
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 193 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Institute Library [2003] 2
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Institute Library 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Semantics ; Philosophy. ; Epistemology. ; Logic ; Ontology ; Semiotics. ; Philosophy—History. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: This collection, with essays by Graham H. Bird, Jaakko Hintikka, Ilkka Niiniluoto, Jan Wolenski, will interest graduate students of the philosophy of language and logic, as well as professional philosophers, historians of analytic philosophy, and philosophically inclined logicians. Language, Truth and Knowledge brings together 11 new essays that offer a wealth of insights on a number of Carnap's concerns and ideas. The volume arose out of a symposium on Carnap's work at an international conference held in Vienna in 2001. The essays are written from a variety of perspectives: -some essays aim at rebutting influential criticisms directed at Carnap's views; -others examine and assess his thought in the light of recent developments in the neurosciences; -still others are historical and describe the development of Carnap's thought; -they all shed light on the relation of this thought and different philosophical traditions. These essays form a collection that will prove a valuable resource for our understanding of the historic Carnap and the living philosophical issues with which he grappled
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  • 84
    ISBN: 9789400710115
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 245 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology 49
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 49
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology
    Abstract: The past decade has witnessed a notable turn in philosophical orientation in the Nordic countries. For the first time, the North has a generation of philosophers who are oriented to phenomenology. This means a vital rediscovery of the phenomenological tradition as a partly hidden conceptual and methodological resource for taking on contemporary philosophical problems. The essays collected in the present volume introduce the reader to the phenomenological work done in the Nordic countries today. The material is organized under three general headings: metaphysics, facticity, and interpretation. The first part, "Metaphysics", asks if phenomenology is, or could be taken as, a metaphysical inquiry. It studies this possibility in a systematic as well as in a historical perspective. The second part, "Facticity", focuses on the double character of the philosophizing subject, on the one hand, as a worldly being bound by a cultural and historical situation, and on the other hand, as the one who thinks this condition and gives it an interpretation. It studies four aspects of facticity in particular: language, dwelling, alterity, and generation. The third part, "Interpretation", clarifies the different notions of interpretation central to phenomenology, understood as hermeneutics
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  • 85
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400710054
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 212 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 98
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Ontology
    Abstract: This book is a study of John Locke's metaphysics of organisms and persons, with particular emphasis on his theory of identity through time and his conventionalism with respect to kinds and essences. Although these positions seem to be obviously incompatible-his persistence conditions for organisms and persons evidently commit him to attributing de re essential properties to these objects-the final three chapters constitute a sustained argument against this position. After presenting three arguments for thinking that the organisms and persons in Locke's ontology have both spatial and temporal extent, Conn argues that on a four-dimensional ontology (and only on such an ontology) there is no contradiction between Locke's theory of identity and his rejection of essentialism
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  • 86
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401702096
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 312 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 97
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Biology Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy of nature ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: According to Ariel Meirav, the root of some of our most noteworthy difficulties in the metaphysics of concrete entities has been the traditional tendency to focus on the horizontal dimension of wholes (i.e. relations between the parts of a whole), and to neglect the vertical dimension (i.e. relations between the whole itself and its parts). In Wholes, Sums and Unities, Meirav formulates a critique of widely accepted mereological assumptions, presents a new conception of wholes as `Unities', and demonstrates the advantages of this new conception in treating a variety of metaphysical puzzles (such as that of Tibbles the cat). More generally he suggests that conceiving wholes as Unities offers us a new way of understanding the world in non-reductive terms
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  • 87
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401701310
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVIII, 495 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 184
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 184
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: The theme of scepticism has been central in the study of the history of ideas in modern times since Richard Popkin's and Charles Schmitt's works. After them, the assumption connected with the philosophical notion of scepticism was broadened so as to define the critical use of reason and doubt concerning the truth of religion, the function of politics, the aims of science, thus becoming a central intellectual issue in the making of modernity. In this collection of articles (in fact the proceedings of an international conference held in Vercelli) special care is dedicated to placing the theme of scepticism within its philosophical tradition. Moreover, in comparison with other historical studies, the English philosophical thinkers appear here in the foreground, with a number of contributions on Hobbes, Locke, Cambridge Platonists and the Latitude-Men. The French Context also, ranging from Descartes to Malebranche, from Arnauld and Port-Royal to Huet, Bayle and his followers, is explored in depth. Some articles deal with Italian major figures (Vico and Galilei above all) and Spanish culture. Special care is dedicated to the relationships between history of philosophical ideas and the problems rising from the history of sciences (medicine, physics, linguistics, historical scholarship) in the 17th and the 18th centuries. Level of readership or target groups: University Courses, University Libraries, Specialized scholars
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  • 88
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401703611
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 270 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion. ; Mathematics.
    Abstract: Until recently, the contribution of the Society of Jesus to the Scientific Revolution remained sketchy at best, as the perception of the Jesuits as plodding pedagogues and obscurantists sanctioned the disregard of their activities. The present volume makes an important contribution toward a more nuanced appreciation of the Jesuits' interaction with "modernity", and a far greater recognition of their contribution to the two poles of modern science: the mathematization of natural philosophy and experimental science. The six essays provide a cross-section of the complex Jesuit encounter with the mathematical sciences during the seventeenth century, as well as a factor in the quandary faced by practitioners in their pursuit of science and in their ability to make their research public
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401000130
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (364p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 95
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Epistemology. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Keith Lehrer is one of the leading proponents of a coherence theory of knowledge that seeks to explain what it means to know in a characteristically human way. Central to his account are the pivotal role played by a principle of self-trust and his insistence that a sound epistemology must ultimately be ecumenical in nature, combining elements of internalism and externalism. The present book is an extensive, self-contained, up-to-date study of Lehrer's epistemological work. Covering all major aspects, it contains original contributions by some of the most distinguished specialists in the field, outgoing from the latest, significantly revised version of Lehrer's theory. All basic ideas are explained in an introductory chapter. Lehrer's extensive replies in a final chapter give unique access to his current epistemological thinking
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401709613
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 221 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 236
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 236
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Quantum theory ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Logic ; Phenomenology ; Quantum physics. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This volume attempts to provide a new articulation of issues surrounding scientific realism, scientific rationality, the epistemology of non-classical physics, the type of revolutionary changes in the development of science, the naturalization of epistemology within frameworks of cognitive science and structural linguistics, models of the information technology revolution, and reconstructions of early modern logical systems. A common denominator of the authors' positions is the rejection of the post-modern deconstruction of the "global philosophical accounts" of science's cognitive structure and dynamics. The volume takes on a dual task: it deals with major perspectives on philosophy of science "after the end of post-positivism", and it represents basic philosophical controversies in an Eastern-European society "after the end of state socialism
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401701273
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 248 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H.L. van Breda and Published under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 169
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Economic policy. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Geriatrics ; Economics ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Abstract: In comparison to Husserl and Heidegger, Max Scheler's philosophy of time as first presented here, is considerably wider in scope. Using posthumous manuscripts, Frings shows that Scheler conceived the origin of time in the self-activating center of individual and universal life as threefold "absolute" time of a four-dimensional expanse. This serves as a basis for establishing the phenomenon of objective time in multiple steps of constitutionality, including the physical field theory and theory of relativity. For Scheler, objective time, even though anchored in absolute time, deserves "maximum attention" in a technological society. Frings focuses here with Scheler on time experience of values and among social groups, time experiences in the mind-set of capitalism, in politics and morals, in population dynamics, and time experiences in the process of aging, all of which were signposts in Scheler's thought before his early demise
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401729468
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXII, 416 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 231
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 231
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Humanities ; Epistemology. ; History ; Political science. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: In Science and Culture, Joseph Agassi addresses scientism and relativism, two false philosophies that divorce science from culture in general and from tradition in particular. According to Agassi, science is an integral part of culture, and both scientism and relativism ignore the cultural value of science. This work helps break the isolation of science from the rest of culture by promoting popular science and reasonable history of science. Agassi provides examples of the value of science to culture at large, discussions of items of the general culture and their interactions with science, and practical strategies and tools. He offers a wide variety of case studies to exemplify these. In this book Agassi puts significant topics such as autonomy, tolerance, reason, philosophy and responsibility on the agenda of democratic philosophy today
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  • 93
    ISBN: 9789401141420
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (LXI, 267 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 200
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 200
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The most outstanding feature of this book is that here, for the first time, is made available in a single volume all the important historical essays Edgar Zilsel (1891-1944) published during WWII on the emergence of modern science. This edition also contains one previously unpublished essay and an extended version of an essay published earlier. In these essays, Zilsel developed the now famous thesis, named after him, that science came into being when, in the late Middle Ages, the social barriers between the intellectuals and the artisans were eroded, due to the fact that the rapidly expanding commercial classes of that period had a keen interest in improvements in technology. This class was city-based and stimulated a social environment in which men of learning came to regard the craftsmen and technicians with a new respect, in which they no longer felt any contempt for manual work and in which theory and practice were eventually combined to produce modern science. This critical edition also carries a long introduction in which much new material about Zilsel's life and work is presented. It suggests that a radical new look at Zilsel's project needs to be taken. Zilsel's essays on the history of science look like a standard case study to substantiate a particular position on the origins of modern science, but they were also an attempt to show that lawlike explanation in history and social theory is possible. It is claimed that Zilsel's historical essays were a part of another project he was working on which focused on the idea that social phenomena were open to causal explanation as much as physical phenomena. Hence the volume also contains the essays Zilsel wrote in relation to this other project. Previously there have been published a German and an Italian edition of the Zilsel essays. This edition is the first in English; compared to the other two editions this one is the first that includes unpublished material and the first to undertake a serious effort to research Zilsel's life and work. What is special about this volume is the well-articulated social perspective it takes on the origins of modern science
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  • 94
    ISBN: 9789401701136
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 259 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées 187
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 187
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: This book is intended not only for scholars and students in humanities, history (esp. the history of ideas), Jewish studies, philosophy (esp. the history of philosophy), and Christian theology, but also for those concerned with the roots of anti-Semitism and with the need for toleration and intercultural pluralism. Modernity and the Final Aim of History: * Combines the development of German philosophy from the Enlightenment to Idealism, and from Idealism to the revolutionary turning-point of the mid-nineteenth century with the Jewish question; * Shows the close entwining of anti-Jewish prejudices with awareness of the importance of Judaism in the formation of modern thought; * Points out the hopes, obstacles, compromises, and disappointments of Jewish emancipation right up to the appearance of racial anti-Semitism; * Traces the changes in the debate over Judaism from the theological perspective to the philosophical and from the philosophical to that of the economic and naturalistic; * Underlines the dangers to toleration that arise from seeing human history as directed towards a single aim; *Can be used in university courses and seminars, as well as in research groups
    Description / Table of Contents: From the contents: Acknowledgments. Introduction -- One: Reason, Humanity and Religions -- Two: Christianity, People and Nations -- Three: Atheism, Progress and Revolution -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Index of subjects -- Index of names.
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401726184
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 259 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: A Discourse of the World Religions 5
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Genetic epistemology ; Religion (General) ; History ; Epistemology. ; Religion.
    Abstract: Religions are the largest communities of the global society and claim, at least in the cases of Islam and Christianity, to be universal interpretations of life and orders of existence. With the globalization of the world economy and the unity of the global society in the Internet, they gain unprecedented access to the entire human race through modern means of communication. At the same time, this globalization brings religions into conflict with one another in their claims to universal validity. How can the conflict of religions be defused? The speculative, philosophical method of dealing with a religion is a way to present one's own religious convictions in the medium of philosophy and rational discourse. The philosophical approach to religion can serve as the basis of the conversation of the world religions, without dissolving their truth claims. It can reduce dogmatic claims and contribute to overcoming fundamentalism. Philosophy builds bridges between religions. The series A Discourse of the World Religions presents with this volume the fifth and last of the EXPO-Discourses of the World Religions, which took place near the end of the World Exposition EXPO 2000 in Hannover, Germany. The five EXPO-Discourses were held before and during the World Exposition EXPO 2000 in Hannover with the objective of a philosophical-theological dialogue of religions about central themes of their teachings. The series aims at a deeper understanding of the similarities and differences between Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam in their theological and philosophical propositions. It sees in philosophy a bridge between the religions and a means to overcome religious hostility and fundamentalism and to further the dialogue of the religions
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401736510
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 316 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Contemporary philosophy, A new survey 8
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy. ; Modern philosophy. ; Culture—Study and teaching. ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy—History. ; Ethnology. ; Culture.
    Abstract: In most contributions collected in this volume, the influence from European and American philosophy can be felt. Remarkably, ten out of thirteen philosophers feel that the working out of a genuine Latin American local, national and continental cultural identity is a challenge to philosophy. This volume contains articles on topics within a variety of disciplines: political philosophy, ethics, history of philosophy, formal logic, philosophy of science and technology, as well as philosophical interpretation of literature. It is relevant to a large audience of philosophers and researchers in these disciplines
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Introduction -- Philosophy in Latin America in the 20th Century -- The Reception of Analytical Philosophy in Latin America -- La Philosophie Contemporaine en Amérique Latine -- La Philosophie Argentine au XXe Siècle -- Philosophy in Contemporary Colombia (1930-1994) -- La Philosophie au Chili -- A Phenomenological Reading of the Andes: Toward the Desublimation of the "Cholo" -- La Discussion Contemporaine entre l'Ethique du Discours et l'Ethique de la Libération -- Muere o Sobrevive la filosofía en el Ecuador? Razones de su descrédito y propuestas para su renacimiento -- Truth and Realism : A Current Debate in Latin America -- Philosophy of Science and Technology: A Personal Report -- On Some Recent Undecidability and Incompleteness Results in the Axiomatized Sciences -- Meta-Technics as the Philosophical Expression of the New World -- Index.
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  • 97
    ISBN: 9789401000604
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (LXIV, 515 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Edmund Husserl, Collected Works 10
    Series Statement: Husserliana: Edmund Husserl – Collected Works 10
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Mathematics ; Phenomenology ; Number theory ; History.
    Abstract: In his first book, Philosophy of Arithmetic, Edmund Husserl provides a carefully worked out account of number as a categorial or formal feature of the objective world, and of arithmetic as a symbolic technique for mastering the infinite field of numbers for knowledge. It is a realist account of numbers and number relations that interweaves them into the basic structure of the universe and into our knowledge of reality. It provides an answer to the question of how arithmetic applies to reality, and gives an account of how, in general, formalized systems of symbols work in providing access to the world. The "appendices" to this book provide some of Husserl's subsequent discussions of how formalisms work, involving David Hilbert's program of completeness for arithmetic. "Completeness" is integrated into Husserl's own problematic of the "imaginary", and allows him to move beyond the analysis of "representations" in his understanding of the logic of mathematics. Husserl's work here provides an alternative model of what "conceptual analysis" should be - minus the "linguistic turn", but inclusive of language and linguistic meaning. In the process, he provides case after case of "Phenomenological Analysis" - fortunately unencumbered by that title - of the convincing type that made Husserl's life and thought a fountainhead of much of the most important philosophical work of the twentieth Century in Europe. Many Husserlian themes to be developed at length in later writings first emerge here: Abstraction, internal time consciousness, polythetic acts, acts of higher order ('founded' acts), Gestalt qualities and their role in knowledge, formalization (as opposed to generalization), essence analysis, and so forth. This volume is a window on a period of rich and illuminating philosophical activity that has been rendered generally inaccessible by the supposed "revolution" attributed to "Analytic Philosophy" so-called. Careful exposition and critique is given to every serious alternative account of number and number relations available at the time. Husserl's extensive and trenchant criticisms of Gottlob Frege's theory of number and arithmetic reach far beyond those most commonly referred to in the literature on their views
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  • 98
    ISBN: 9789401701839
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVII, 316 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Systems theory ; Epistemology. ; Neurosciences ; Artificial intelligence ; System theory. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Control theory.
    Abstract: This book presents a realist, multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary theory of immediate awareness showing it is the most primitive cognitive network underlying all our natural intelligence. Including preattentive and attention processes, as well as primitive relations of the senses, imagination and memory, immediate awareness is a kind of knowing deeply embedded and interwoven throughout our multiple kinds of natural intelligence. It permits as well as drives our knowing how, our bodily intelligence. Against the Cartesian mind-body split found in earlier and current theories, the author shows how immediate awareness permits emergent properties of mind in multilayered primitive relations of touching and moving in bodily kinesthetic intelligence. Contrary to existing theories, she argues that sensation is not cognitively "neutral", nor does it require a "representation" in order to be accessible to cognitive processes
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401735308
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 241 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 14
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: Ethics seeks answers to questions about the moral status of human actions and human lives. Actions and lives are temporal things. Thus, one would think that answers to ethical questions should take some account of their temporal features. And yet, while a number of authors have drawn attention to the relation between time and ethics (Derek Parfit and Thomas Nagel in particular), there has never been a systematic study of the impact of temporal considerations on ethical issues. There is a pressing need for an investigation into how time and ethics impact on each other. This book leads the way in addressing that need. The essays in this collection raise and investigate some of the key issues that arise at the intersection between these two areas of philosophy. Anyone with an interest in ethics, (undergraduates, postgraduates and professional philosophers alike), will have a reason to read this book, as will anyone with an interest in the metaphysics of time, and how it connects with issues in other areas of philosophy
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  • 100
    ISBN: 9789401701976
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 278 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 92
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Epistemology. ; Social sciences ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Concepts of Meaning includes contributions from well-known philosophers of language and semanticists. It is a useful collection for students in philosophy of language, semantics and epistemology. This work discusses new research in semantics, theory of truth, philosophy of language and theory of communication from a trans-disciplinary perspective. An integrated theory of linguistic behavior should provide a framework to make behavior intelligible. This work addresses issues such as sentence meaning, utterance meaning, speaker's intention and reference, linguistic context, circumstances and background theories. Readers will learn that interpretation is a result of a complex pattern
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