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  • 2000-2004  (2,804)
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  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (3,782)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SHA-Based Health Accounts in 13 OECD Countries - Country Studies - Denmark : National Health Accounts 2000 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 39 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.3
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Denmark
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the third in this series, presenting the Danish SHA-based health accounts.
    DOI: 10.1787/345241776865
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    L'influence des politiques sur les échanges et l'investissement direct étranger (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2003, no. 1, p. 7-93
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 89 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Influence of Policies on Trade and Foreign Direct Investment
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2003, no. 1, p. 7-93
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Ce document évalue l’importance des politiques frontalières et non frontalières pour l’intégration économique mondiale. L’étude est axée sur quatre orientations largement préconisées : supprimer les restrictions explicites du commerce et de l’IDE ; promouvoir la concurrence intérieure ; améliorer la réactivité du marché du travail ; mettre en place des équipements infrastructurels de niveau approprié. L’analyse, qui couvre l’IDE et les échanges de biens et services, s’efforce de rendre compte des principaux mécanismes de mondialisation et de traiter la plupart des modes de fourniture de services transfrontières. En dépit d’une libéralisation généralisée ces deux dernières décennies, il apparaît possible de réduire encore les obstacles de politique économique à l’intégration des marchés de l’OCDE. Les barrières qui subsistent ont un impact notable sur les flux bilatéraux d’échanges et d’IDE, et les estimations donnent à penser que les réglementations intérieures anticoncurrentielles et les dispositions restrictives du marché du travail entravent l’intégration tout autant que les restrictions explicites du commerce et de l’IDE. A en juger par des scénarios de suppression de ces obstacles, une libéralisation plus poussée des échanges, de l’IDE et des marchés intérieurs des produits et du travail pourrait avoir des effets quantitatifs considérables sur l’intégration internationale ...
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-v2003-art2-fr
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Greener Public Purchasing as an Environmental Policy Instrument (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 3, no. 4, p. 71-105
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les achats publics plus écologiques en tant qu'instrument de la politique environnementale
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 4, p. 71-105
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Governments increasingly include environmental criteria in their purchasing decisions. For example, purchasing guidelines often require that particular products contain a minimum amount of recycled content or achieve specified levels of energy efficiency. Guidelines may also favour – through price preferences, explicit set-asides, or other mechanisms – suppliers who exceed official pollution standards, abide by environmental frameworks...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art23-en
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Intégrer les TIC dans les programmes de développement : Forum Mondial conjoint OCDE/Nations unies/Banque mondiale sur l'économie du savoir, 4-5 mars 2003 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le développement Vol. 4, no. 2, p. 5-27
    Details
    ISSN: 1996-5753
    Language: French
    Pages: 29 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Integrating ICT in Development Programmes: Joint OECD/United Nations/World Bank Global Forum on the Knolwedge Economy, 4-5 March 2003
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le développement
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 2, p. 5-27
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Un large accord se dégage pour dire que les technologies de l’information et des communications (TIC) peuvent apporter une grande contribution à la lutte contre la pauvreté et à la réalisation des objectifs du millénaire pour le développement (OMD). IL s’agit maintenant de les intégrer efficacement dans les plans nationaux de développement et les programmes des donneurs, et de mieux coordonner les efforts déployés par les différents donneurs dans ce domaine. Il faudrait également assurer un partage des connaissances concernant les formules « qui marchent » et les raisons de leur succès...
    DOI: 10.1787/journal_dev-v4-art17-fr
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Selecting Indicators for the Quality of Health Promotion, Prevention and Primary Care at the Health Systems Level in OECD Countries (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 51 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.16
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This report presents the consensus recommendations of an international expert panel on indicators for health promotion and primary care. Using a structured review process, the panel selected a set of 27 indicators to cover the three key areas health promotion, preventive care and diagnosis and treatment in primary care. The report describes the review process and provides a detailed discussion of the scientific soundness and policy importance of the 27 indicators as follows ...
    DOI: 10.1787/627626833816
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Les relations financières entre l'État et les collectivités locales (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2003, no. 1, p. 169-254
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 88 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fiscal Relations across Government Levels
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2003, no. 1, p. 169-254
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Le transfert de compétences budgétaires aux collectivités territoriales n'a pas toujours procédé de façon linéaire au cours des deux dernières décennies, malgré certains avantages reconnus. La décentralisation peut contribuer au renforcement du processus démocratique, permettre aux collectivités territoriales d'adapter l'offre de services publics aux préférences locales et introduire de la concurrence entre localités, permettant ainsi d'améliorer l'efficience du secteur public. La décentralisation peut néanmoins générer des pertes d'efficacité, rendre difficile la mise en place de politiques redistributives et compliquer la mise en oeuvre de politiques macroéconomiques cohérentes. Du côté des dépenses, la décentralisation peut être sous-optimale dès lors que sont importants les économies d'échelle et les effets de « spillover » géographique – effets fréquents car peu de biens publics sont des biens purement locaux par nature. Du côté des revenus, rares sont les assiettes fiscales qui peuvent être gérées au niveau local sans risquer de mettre en péril les objectifs nationaux ou de soulever des problèmes sérieux de redistribution. Cet article propose un cadre d'analyse des relations budgétaires entre l'État et les collectivités territoriales en s'appuyant sur les expériences mises en place dans différents ...
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-v2003-art5-fr
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Relations entre les accords internationaux sur l'investissement (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 27 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Relationships between International Investment Agreements
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Les accords bilatéraux, régionaux et multilatéral se sont multipliés ces dix à vingt dernières années et de nouveaux accords sont actuellement négociés. Il est donc quasiment certain que, pendant quelque temps encore, il continuera de coexister des accords relatifs à l’investissement international présentant des modalités différentes et conclus par des groupes de pays différents, qui se chevaucheront plus ou moins. Il importe par conséquent de comprendre comment ces accords continueront d’interagir et comment gérer harmonieusement ces chevauchements et ces différences. La présente étude, compte dûment tenu de la complexité des questions, a pour but de faire mieux comprendre les relations entre les accords internationaux sur l’investissement (AII) à partir d’une analyse des principaux accords de ce type et de l’expérience accumulée par l’OCDE concernant la relation entre ses propres instruments et les autres accords existants.1 Le plan de l’étude est le suivant ...
    DOI: 10.1787/261841684305
    URL: Volltext
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Examen du droit et de la politique de la concurrence au Royaume-Uni (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence Vol. 5, no. 3, p. 67-172
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3452
    Language: French
    Pages: 108 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Review of Competition Law and Policy in the United Kingdom
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 3, p. 67-172
    Keywords: Governance ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: Les institutions de politique de concurrence du Royaume-Uni sont inhabituellement complexes. Elles comportent une commission qui se préoccupe « d’intérêt public » dans les monopoles et pratiques de marché, le directeur général du commerce équitable (Fair Trading) qui applique la législation de la concurrence désormais modelée sur la législation européenne, et de nombreux régulateurs qui sont également responsables de la mise en œuvre de la même législation dans leur secteur respectif. Des pouvoirs plus forts, au titre de la loi de 1998, rendent plus crédible maintenant l’application de la loi mais davantage de changements sont encore probables, notamment s’agissant des fusions et des monopoles...
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v5-art11-fr
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Overcoming Barriers to Competitiveness (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 64 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.239
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Raising manufacturing productivity is of central importance to the developing world and an essential element of policy making. Overcoming Barriers to Competitiveness is about establishing the most reliable analysis of manufacturing productivity possible and helping policy makers set their priorities. The paper demonstrates that productivity rests on five elements of the economy: infrastructure, capital, trade, education and aggregate efficiency. These factors, when multiplied together, give a true picture of a country’s situation on the productivity “league table”. More than a simple comparison, this ranking system allows the identification of which elements in each particular national or regional case require most attention. This approach can be viewed as another way of addressing the so-called “competitiveness problem” of poor countries. It does not say, however, that other areas can be totally neglected; one of the main points of the paper is that all five elements have to be ...
    DOI: 10.1787/580345651778
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Enhancing the Effectiveness of Public Spending : Experience in OECD Countries (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 53 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.380
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: In most OECD countries, public spending rose steadily as a share of GDP over the past decades to the mid-1990s, but this trend has since abated. The spending pressures stemming from the continued expansion of social programmes have been partly compensated by transient or one-off factors. Pressures on public spending, however, appear likely to intensify, in particular as a consequence of ageing populations. Since most OECD economies have very little scope for raising taxation or debt to finance higher spending, reforms to curb the growth in public spending while raising its cost effectiveness are now required. This paper presents a reform strategy for progress in this direction, based on detailed country reviews for over twothirds of OECD countries. Three main areas for action are identified: the budget process; management practices and the use of market mechanisms in the delivery of public services ...
    DOI: 10.1787/355505224723
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Reform of the Health Care System in Portugal (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 54 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.405
    Keywords: Economics ; Portugal
    Abstract: An ambitious reform to increase efficiency of the Portuguese health care system was launched in 2002. In contrast to previous attempts of gradual reforms, which were never fully implemented, the strategy has been to create a big bang in the health sector, making changes essentially irreversible. The reform has two main aims: to deliver better-quality public health services than at present but at no higher cost; and to reduce the underlying growth rate of public health-care spending over the medium term. New legislation approved includes the separation of the functions of regulation, financing and provision of health care services; setting up new models of financing for providers, which impose harder budget constraints; the introduction of incentives towards productivity, management and quality improvements; the possibility for the private sector to play a larger role in service provision; and the promotion of generic drugs. After assessing the strengths and weaknesses of the ...
    DOI: 10.1787/080445552681
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    International Licensing and the Strengthening of Intellectual Property Rights in Developing Countries (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 49 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Working Papers no.10
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Papers no.10
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Licences internationales et renforcement des droits de propriété intellectuelle dans les pays en développement
    Keywords: Trade
    Abstract: This study presents an empirical analysis of the extent to which stronger intellectual property rights promote international technology transfer through licensing activities. The analysis focuses on licensing activities of U.S. multinationals as well as on international licensing alliances between firms in developing and developed nations. Both aggregate level data and firm level data are examined. The study provides general support for the proposition that the strengthening of intellectual property rights - as measured by selected indicators - has had a net positive effect on technology transfer via licensing during the 1990s. The general implication of this study for developing economies is that IPR reform should be one part of a general strategy for promoting economic development in combination with other complementary policy reforms. In particular, patent rights and effective enforcement can be instrumental in enabling firms in developing nations to access and exploit technologies and know-how through licensing agreements with parties in developed nations. Overall, the analysis presented here indicates that where developing countries have moved to address weaknesses in these areas in recent years, they have tended to experience enhanced access to technology through licensing.
    DOI: 10.1787/283275542181
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Media Mergers : Synthesis by the Secretariat (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 73-78
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 7 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les fusions dans les médias : Synthèse par le Secrétariat
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 73-78
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Reviewing media mergers may be more complicated than reviewing other mergers because of the huge variety of possible media content and the two-sided market aspect of many media, i.e. those earning advertising revenue. A wide variety of content means that market definition is rendered more complex. The twosided market characteristic has important and sometimes far from obvious impacts on how mergers affect economic efficiency, media plurality and content diversity...
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v5-art15-en
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Take-Up of Welfare Benefits in OECD Countries : A Review of the Evidence (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 49 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.17
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This report provides an overview of the limited empirical and theoretical research on take-up of welfare benefits, i.e. the extent to which people eligible for various types of benefits actually receive them. Focus is mainly on entitlement programmes, where take-up reflects both decisions of eligible individuals to apply for benefits and the accuracy of administrative decisions as to whether these individuals should get the benefit in question or not. Estimates of the extent of take-up of welfare benefits are based on a variety of approaches, and typically combine both administrative and survey data. Despite these methodological differences, and the very few OECD countries for which estimates are available, the evidence reviewed in this paper suggests that low take-up of welfare benefits occurs both across countries and programmes. Estimates typically span a range of between 40% and 80% in the case of social assistance and housing programmes, and between 60% and 80% for ...
    DOI: 10.1787/525815265414
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Concurrence, subventions et aides d'État (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence Vol. 6, no. 1, p. 129-201
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3452
    Language: French
    Pages: 71 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Competition Policy in Subsidies and State Aid
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 1, p. 129-201
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: De nombreux secteurs des économies de la zone OCDE sont fortement influencés par des politiques publiques qui offrent un soutien financier, une assistance ou une aide à des entreprises données dans un secteur. Les subventions comme les réglementations peuvent s’avérer aussi bien bénéfiques que préjudiciables, favoriser la prospérité ou créer des distorsions de concurrence, selon les circonstances. Une discussion en table ronde, tenue dans le cadre du Comité de la Concurrence en Février 2001, a traité des subventions qui sont accordées chaque fois qu’une entreprise ou un consommateur se voit accorder un avantage dont le coût est totalement ou partiellement, directement ou indirectement, pris en charge par l’État. La table ronde a discuté notamment des différentes formes de contrôle, et comment distinguer les subventions légitimes de celle qui ne le sont pas ; elle a exploré également la nature de ces contrôles et en particulier dans ...
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v6-art3-fr
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  • 16
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    Vers un Accord de libre-échange en Asie de l'Est (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 5 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Centre de développement de l'OCDE - Repères no.1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Towards an East Asia Free Trade Area
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Ce premier numéro de Repères, "Vers un Accord de libre-échange en Asie de l'Est" par Shujiro Urata, mesure les progrès réalisés par les pays d'Asie de l'Est vers l'établissement d'une zone de libre échange (ZLE), et les conséquences non seulement pour la région, mais aussi pour les économies qui ne seraient pas membres de la ZLE, et même pour l'économie mondiale. En effet, une ZLE en Asie de l'Est affecterait tant la position des économies dynamiques de la région, dont la Chine, que le système commercial multilatéral dans son ensemble.
    DOI: 10.1787/017838576565
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  • 17
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    Renforcer les capacités des pays en développement dans le domaine de la passation des marchés : Compte rendu succinct de la table ronde de l'OCDE et de la Banque mondiale, 22-23 janvier 2003 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le développement Vol. 4, no. 2, p. 5-19
    Details
    ISSN: 1996-5753
    Language: French
    Pages: 21 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Strengthening Procurement Capacities in Developing Countries: Summary Report of the OECD/DAC World Bank Round Table, Paris, 22-23 January, 2003
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le développement
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 2, p. 5-19
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Cette Table ronde est une initiative en cours lancée conjointement par le CAD et la Banque mondiale. Si la formule de la table ronde a été retenue, c'est pour associer d'emblée les pays en développement aux travaux, de manière à promouvoir une approche fondée sur le partenariat et l'appropriation des produits de l'exercice par les pays en développement aussi bien que par les pays donneurs. Cette première réunion a rassemblé des experts reconnus de la passation des marchés venant d'organismes donneurs (bilatéraux et multilatéraux) et de pays en développement1, qui ont à l'évidence été enthousiasmés par l'initiative. Le généreux soutien (financier aussi bien que sur le fond) apporté par les membres du CAD et la Banque mondiale au lancement de cette initiative a été grandement apprécié...
    DOI: 10.1787/journal_dev-v4-art16-fr
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  • 18
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    La baisse des taux d'épargne privée durant les années 90 dans les pays de l'OCDE : Contribution des déterminants autres que la richesse (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2003, no. 1, p. 129-167
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 41 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Decline in Private Saving Rates in the 1990s in OECD Countries: How Much Can Be Explained by Non-wealth Determinants?
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2003, no. 1, p. 129-167
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: La baisse substantielle des taux d’épargne privée observée dans plusieurs pays de l’OCDE durant la fin des années 90 a coïncidé dans bien des cas avec une forte hausse de la richesse financière nette des ménages. Ce phénomène a été interprété par plusieurs analystes comme indiquant que la forte augmentation des valeurs mobilières et immobilières durant cette période avait été traitée par les ménages comme une hausse permanente de la richesse, entraînant une baisse non soutenable de l’épargne, et faisant ainsi surgir la crainte d’un éventuel effet de richesse négatif. À l’aide de techniques d’estimation pour un panel d’équations dynamiques, cette étude examine les principaux déterminants de l’épargne privée pour un échantillon de 15 pays de l’OCDE et constate que la baisse de l’épargne observée après 1995 peut être largement expliquée par des déterminants fondamentaux autres que la richesse financière, y compris en période hors échantillon. Parmi ces déterminants, c’est la hausse de l’épargne publique qui a contribué le plus à la désépargne privée entre 1995 et 2000. À en juger par les résultats, il ne semble guère que les consommateurs aient réagi trop fortement au boom du marché boursier des années 90, même dans les pays où les taux d’épargnes ont tombés à des niveaux sans précédent. Par contre, les résultats donnent à penser qu’un assouplissement de ...
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-v2003-art4-fr
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  • 19
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    Irlande - Des écoles économes en énergie (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 5 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Échanges, Programme pour la construction et l'équipement de l'éducation no.2004/08
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Low Energy Schools in Ireland
    Keywords: Education ; Ireland
    Abstract: Conformément à son engagement de réduire les émissions de dioxyde de carbone, le ministère irlandais de l’Éducation et de la Science a conçu et construit deux écoles économes en énergie, à Tullamore (comté d’ Offaly) et à Raheen (comté de Laois). Comme la consommation d’énergie dans les bâtiments est à l’origine d’environ 55 % du CO2 rejeté dans l’atmosphère qui contribue fortement au réchauffement planétaire, le ministère a étudié les techniques de construction et les systèmes les plus récents pouvant diminuer la consommation énergétique.
    DOI: 10.1787/608283442480
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  • 20
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    Modelling Cyclical Divergence in the Euro Area : The Housing Channel (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.400
    Keywords: Economics ; European Union
    Abstract: After the launch of the single currency the euro exchange rate fell and interest rates had converged towards the (low) German level. These shocks have worked out differently for the small and large countries. Housing markets have acted as an important vehicle of transmission of these shocks onto economic activity and inflation. Simulations with a stylised econometric model for the euro area economy, making a distinction between the small and large countries in terms of the estimated parameters, illustrate this mechanism ...
    DOI: 10.1787/710763183105
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  • 21
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    The Development of Broadband Access in Rural and Remote Areas (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 72 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.80
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: As the development of broadband access builds momentum, policy makers are increasingly turning their attention to the availability of these services in rural and remote areas.
    DOI: 10.1787/232744838147
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  • 22
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    Product Market Competition and Economic Performance in Finland (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 46 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.413
    Keywords: Wettbewerbspolitik ; Wettbewerbsrecht ; Deregulierung ; Finnland ; Economics ; Finland
    Abstract: Following the deep recession in the early 1990s growth has been strong, but the scope for economic catch-up remains considerable and cross-country empirical evidence suggests that enhancing competition is an important means of achieving this. Structural reforms to strengthen competition in the early 1990s did boost growth and were also ahead of similar developments in the EU. However, indicators suggest that relatively weak competition remains in a number of sectors. Moreover, potential competition is reduced by a sparse population and relative long distances to large markets, which together with the prevalence of local monopolies and public ownership in many network industries, point to the need for greater vigilance to sustain and promote competition. Further reforms to promote product market competition should focus on fundamental changes in the regulatory approach as well as more incremental measures to intensify competition. The competition authority should concentrate ...
    DOI: 10.1787/064577425651
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  • 23
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    Mobiliser l'opinion publique contre la pauvreté (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 5 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Centre de développement de l'OCDE - Repères no.2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mobilising Public Opinion against Global Poverty
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Les citoyens des pays de l'OCDE soutiennent sans réserve les actions en faveur de davantage de solidarité et de justice à l'échelle mondiale. Cependant, et malgré l'adoption des Objectifs de développement du millénaire par leurs gouvernements en 2000, ils connaissent mal les questions de développement international. S'ils étaient mieux informés, ils pourraient apporter un soutien renforcé à l’adoption de politiques de développement plus efficaces et plus cohérentes, ainsi qu'à une hausse des financements. Les autorités nationales doivent donc mieux faire connaître tant les objectifs poursuivis que les résultats et l'efficacité de leurs politiques de développement international.
    DOI: 10.1787/015116868263
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  • 24
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    ODA and Investment for Development : What Guidance Can Be Drawn from Investment Climate Scoreboards? (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 51 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2004/05
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The present paper was prepared in the context of a joint project between the OECD Investment Committee (IC) and Development Assistance Committee (DAC) on Official Development Assistance and Investment for Development. It responds to discussions at the IC-DAC Workshop on Synergies between ODA and Foreign Direct Investment on 11 March 2004, during which participants opined that development agencies lack information about the quality of the investment climate in developing countries and the likely repercussions for direct investment. The purpose of the present paper is threefold. First, it provides an overview of a variety of scoreboards for the investment climate that have been established by a number of actors, including the World Bank, UNCTAD and several private “think tanks”. Second, it documents their similarities and discrepancies in assessing the investment climates of developing, emerging and transition economies (henceforth jointly referred to as “developing countries”) ...
    DOI: 10.1787/337561142021
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  • 25
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    Issues for Trade and Competition in the Global Context (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 5, no. 3, p. 7-55
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 51 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Questions touchant les échanges et la concurrence dans le contexte international
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 3, p. 7-55
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: The complex relationship between trade policy and competition policy has been under study in the OECD for many years. In response to the Doha Declaration by WTO Ministers (November 2001), the OECD intensified its efforts, focussing on the topics suggested in Paragraphs 23-25 of the Declaration, i) core principles of non-discrimination, transparency and procedural fairness; ii) effective action against hard core cartels; iii) special and differential treatment/flexibility and progressivity; iv) voluntary co-operation in competition law; v) peer review and other possible compliance mechanisms: vi) capacity building and progressive reinforcement of competition institutions. This paper presents a synthesis of the work that has been done on each of these topics by the OECD Joint Group on Trade and Competition and the Competition Committee. It was discussed on the occasion of the Joint Global Forum on Trade and Competition in May 2003, which brought together participants from over 70 economies, international organisations and non-governmental organisations to dialogue and moved forward the debate. The proceedings of the Forum have been published...
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v5-art10-en
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  • 26
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    Services Trade Liberalisation : Identifying Opportunities and Gains (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 136 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Working Papers no.1
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Papers no.1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Libéralisation des échanges de services : Identification des possibilités et des avantages
    Keywords: Trade
    Abstract: This study has two components: identification of concrete examples of services exports by developing countries, and quantitative studies on the gains from services liberalisation. While the study is by no means comprehensive, and is subject to many limitations, two fundamental findings emerge. The first of these findings, documented in Part I of the study, is that there is clear evidence that developing countries have important service sector export interests beyond mode 4 (temporary movement of services supplying personnel), being global or regional players in sectors such as business services (out-sourcing), port and shipping services, audiovisual services, telecommunications, construction services and health services. The second of these findings, documented in Part II of the study, is that for most countries, including many developing countries, export-related gains from services liberalisation are neither the only nor the largest basis of expected gains. A large portion of benefits from services liberalisation derive, not from seeking better market access abroad, but from the increased competitiveness and efficiency of the domestic market. Together, the study’s two findings underscore the potential benefits of services liberalisation, both for developed and for developing countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/710267064875
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  • 27
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    Real-Time Tests of the Leading Economic Index : Do Changes in the Index Composition Matter? (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis Vol. 2004, no. 2, p. 171-191
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2899
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 2, p. 171-191
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: In an important paper, Diebold and Rudebusch (1991) find that, despite good performance for post revision historical versions, the U.S. Index of Leading Economic Indicators (LEI) fails to improve forecasts in real time out-of-sample tests. This paper revisits the issue of real-time performance of the LEI using growth rate forecast specifications. We contrast real-time out-of-sample tests of LEI forecasts using „composition-changing” or „as-published” versions of the LEI with those based on „composition-constant” indexes. The goal is ...
    DOI: 10.1787/jbcma-v2004-art11-en
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    SHA-Based Health Accounts in 13 OECD Countries - Country Studies - Poland : National Health Accounts 1999 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 51 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.10
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Poland
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the tenth in this series, presenting the Polish SHA-based health accounts.
    DOI: 10.1787/424841544126
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  • 29
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    A Note on Benefit Security (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 133-198
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 68 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 133-198
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: A reoccurring motif in pension literature and policy is the search for “benefit security” – that is, assurance to members of a pension regime that, at the end of the working career, they will get some reasonably predictable outcome, either as a pension (benefit stream) or a lump sum. The purpose of this note is to present a simple “thought experiment” to explore this matter and how market mechanisms might be brought more to bear...
    DOI: 10.1787/fmt-v2004-art5-en
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  • 30
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    Public Opinion Polling and the Millennium Development Goals (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 53 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.238
    Keywords: Development ; Millenniumsziele ; Demoskopie
    Abstract: Monitoring changes in public awareness and attitudes in rich countries towards aid and other international development policy issues is extremely difficult: due to lack of systematic polling or monitoring, there is no reliable, comparable data across DAC member countries. This paper suggests a way to address this problem: a common questionnaire for all DAC countries to use in their national surveys, centred on the Millennium Development Goals. It sums up the process that led to the setting up of this questionnaire, provides a short analysis of the main methodological issues and brings together three versions, respectively for face-to-face, phone or mail processing. These should allow information and communication professionals, as well as policy makers, to improve the comparability of public opinion surveys in OECD DAC member countries on development and the MDGs, especially if — as proposed by the European Commission’s Directorate General for Development — parts of the ...
    DOI: 10.1787/645770304446
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  • 31
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    Examen des réformes sectorielles au Royaume-Uni : Énergie et professions libérales (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence Vol. 6, no. 1, p. 203-340
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3452
    Language: French
    Pages: 138 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Review of Sectoral Reforms in the United Kingdom: Energy and the Professions
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 1, p. 203-340
    Keywords: Governance ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: Ce rapport analyse le cadre institutionnel et l’utilisation des instruments de politique sur la réforme réglementaire dans les secteurs du gaz et de l’électricité, ainsi que dans le secteur des professions libérales au Royaume Uni. Dans le secteur de l’énergie, le rythme et le champ de la réforme ont été, et continueront, à être très rapides. Cependant, il existe des tensions entre le régulateur compétent et l’autorité de concurrence, et certains problèmes particuliers de nature réglementaire résultent de l’extension d’un cadre de marché à des domaines précédemment contrôlés par une réglementation de monopole naturel traditionnel. De même l’interface entre la réglementation du marché de l’énergie et les questions sociales et d’environnement parait floue. Le rapport traite également des professions libérales, une composante significative du secteur des services qui est florissant au Royaume Uni. Il débat du processus et des résultats de la récente extension de la législation de la concurrence ...
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v6-art4-fr
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    The Application of the Principles of GLP to in vitro Studies (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264084971
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Series on Principles of Good Laboratory Practice and Compliance Monitoring no.14
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Application des Principes de BPL aux études in vitro
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The purpose of this document is to facilitate the proper application and interpretation of the GLP Principles for the organisation and management of in vitro studies, and to provide guidance for the appropriate application of the GLP Principles to in vitro studies, both for test facilities (management, QA, study director and personnel), and for national GLP compliance monitoring authorities. This Advisory Document intends to provide such additional interpretation of the Principles and guidance for their application to in vitro studies carried out for regulatory purposes. It is organised in such a way as to provide easy reference to the GLP Principles by following the sequence of the different parts of these GLP Principles.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264084971-en
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  • 33
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    The Impact of Social Institutions on the Economic Role of Women in Developing Countries (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 59 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.234
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Donor agencies and policy makers tend to agree that increased access of women to education, health, credit, formal legal rights and employment opportunities, in conjunction with economic growth, will substantially improve the socio-economic role of women in developing countries. This paper challenges that view. It argues that these measures might not be sufficient if the institutional framework within a country constrains women from participating in economic activities. It finds that social institutions — laws, norms, traditions and codes of conduct — constitute the most important single factor determining women’s freedom of choice in economic activities. They have not only a direct impact on the economic role of women but also an indirect one through women’s access to resources like education and health care. The findings suggest that an institutional framework that disadvantages half of the adult population hinders development. To address gender inequalities effectively, policy ...
    DOI: 10.1787/262577344262
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    Perspectives de l'investissement international (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264299184
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. International Investment Perspectives 2002
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264299184-fr
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    Managing Request-Offer Negotiations Under the GATS : The Case of Legal Services (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 43 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Working Papers no.2
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Papers no.2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Organisation des negociations fondées sur le principe des "offres et requêtes" dans le cadre de l'AGCS : Le cas des services juridiques
    Keywords: Trade
    Abstract: This study forms part of on-going OECD work on trade in services, in co-operation with UNCTAD, aimed at assisting WTO Members in managing request-offer negotiations under the GATS. The key objective is to help officials of WTO Members in both gaining a greater insight into the particular issues of importance in the legal services sector and how they might be approached in the negotiations. While only modest liberalisation of legal services trade was achieved during the Uruguay Round, the current negotiations offer the opportunity to achieve greater levels of liberalisation, which may lead to significant economic benefits to all countries. In addition, the peculiar characteristic of legal services is that the potential downsides stemming from liberalisation — both in terms of market failures to achieve social objectives and of the displacement of local suppliers — are likely to be less significant in these services.
    DOI: 10.1787/828686816540
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  • 36
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    Questions de concurrence et de réglementation en matière de fusions dans les médias : Contributions par pays (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 193-193
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3452
    Language: French
    Pages: 2 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Competition and Regulation Issues in Telecommunications: Country Contributions
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 193-193
    Keywords: Governance
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v5-art18-fr
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  • 37
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    Review of Sectoral Reforms in the United Kingdom : Energy and the Professions (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 6, no. 1, p. 175-290
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 117 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examen des réformes sectorielles au Royaume-Uni : Énergie et professions libérales
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 1, p. 175-290
    Keywords: Governance ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: This report analyses the institutional set up and use of policy instruments to regulate the gas and electricity sectors and the liberal professions in the United Kingdom. In the energy sector, the pace and scope of reform have been, and is prospectively, very rapid. However, there are still some tensions between the energy regulator and the competition authority, and some specific energy regulatory issues arise from the extension of market frameworks into areas previously controlled by traditional natural monopoly regulation. Also the interface of energy market regulation and social and environmental issues appears partly blurred. The report focuses as well on Professions, a significant component of the services sector, which is thriving in the UK. It discusses the process and outcomes from the recent extension of the UK competition law to cover professions, which ...
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v6-art4-en
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  • 38
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    Technologies de l'information et de la communication : Un outil performant qui ouvre des perspectives à l'apprentissage (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 37-69
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3592
    Language: French
    Pages: 38 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Information and Communication Technologies: A Tool Empoweringand Developing the Horizon of the Learner
    Titel der Quelle: Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 37-69
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: On s’intéresse ici à la mise en œuvre et au développement des TIC dans le secteur de l’enseignement, qui remettent en cause tout en le développant l’environnement traditionnel de l’apprentissage et introduisent de nouveaux outils, dont la cyberformation. La contribution examine les TIC en tant qu’outil permettant de mieux saisir et de développer les possibilités de formation tout au long de la vie. Elle définit un modèle de développement des TIC et identifie les trois grands stades par lesquels passe l’acquisition des compétences de base, des compétences en matière de TIC et des compétences en matière de formation tout au long de la vie. Elle évoque par ailleurs l’incidence des TIC sur les marchés du travail et de l’éducation, le stade de développement actuel des TIC dans le système scolaire de l’UE et les investissements qui seraient nécessaires dans ce secteur. Les conclusions auxquelles elle parvient laissent à penser que cet investissement est susceptible d’avoir des effets positifs s’il s’appuie sur des approches ...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art15-fr
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    Natural Disasters and Adaptive Capacity (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.237
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Natural disasters (droughts, earthquakes, epidemics, floods, wind storms) damage wellbeing, both in their immediate and long-term aftermath, and because the insecurity of exposure to disasters is in itself harmful to risk-averse people. As such, mitigating and coping with the risk of natural disasters is a pressing issue for economic development. This paper provides a conceptual framework for understanding natural disasters. Disasters, which imply tragic human costs, are distinguished from hazards, which are events like earthquakes or flooding: hazards only translate into disasters when societies are vulnerable to them. Consequently international development policy can play a role in reducing the costs of disasters by addressing vulnerability. A review of two recent disasters — the Turkish earthquakes of 1999, and Hurricane Mitch in 1998 — illustrates the importance of precarious urbanisation and environmental degradation for increased vulnerability to natural hazards. These cases ...
    DOI: 10.1787/827805005406
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  • 40
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    La condition des femmes en Inde, Kenya, Soudan et Tunisie (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 75 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.235
    Keywords: Development ; India ; Kenya ; Sudan ; Tunisia
    Abstract: The institutional framework of a country plays a determining role in the well-being of the women who live in it. This paper examines the cases of four case countries: India, Kenya, Sudan and Tunisia. In each of these case studies, the status of women has been analysed along with the reforms that have been implemented to improve it. Comparisons between the four countries have brought to light several obstacles to change in the institutional framework such as age-old traditions, religion, economic interests and parliamentary opposition. Where there are important initial obstacles, the government’s room for manoeuvre is limited, particularly in the short-term since magistrates, administrations, media and families often endeavour to postpone the application of new, more inclusive, laws. There are, however, examples of successful reform efforts. These successes are generally attributable to the presence of numerous women in parliament and government and in the legal service, the ...
    DOI: 10.1787/355565338134
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    Incentives and Institutional Changes in Higher Education (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 27-39
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 16 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Incitations et changements institutionnels dans l'enseignement supérieur
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 27-39
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Educational systems worldwide still continue to rely heavily on public sources of funding. Nearly 80% of the expenditure on higher education comes from public sources in OECD countries; the share is even larger in developing countries. There is a concerted effort in many countries to reduce the reliance on state funding and move towards market-friendly reforms. This involves adjustment in the macro-policy framework to induce change at the institutional level. Institutional changes could be brought about either by relying on “mandates” or on “rewards”. Mandates demand a particular form of institutional behaviour that is accompanied by the threat of punishment for a failure to comply. Rewards, on the other hand, provide incentive and motivation to change. Both rewards and incentives become effective when public policy provides a choice in behavioural changes at the institutional level. The motivation for a change of behaviour will depend on the level of performance that conditions a reward on the one hand and on the expectation for obtaining a reward, on completion of the task, on the other. In general, mandates are more easily complied with when institutions are struggling to survive, whereas incentives and rewards are preferable when institutions are striving to revive and grow. Incentives and reward systems are relied upon in many countries to induce changes in higher education. This paper will focus on the potential of effecting institutional changes through incentives...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art4-en
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    Test No. 220: Enchytraeid Reproduction Test (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070301
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (22 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 220; Essai de reproduction chez l'enchytrée
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 220: Essai de reproduction chez l'enchytrée
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline is designed to be used for assessing the effects of chemicals on the reproductive output of the enchytraeid worm, Enchytraeus albidus Henle 1873, in soil. Adult enchytraeid worms are exposed to a range of concentrations of the test substance mixed into an artificial soil. Ten worms are randomly allocated to each test vessel. A range-finding test should be used, for two weeks, in case of no sufficient information. The duration of the definitive test is six weeks. At the end the total number of juveniles produced by parent animal and the survival of parent animals are assessed. The limit test corresponds to one dose level of 1000 mg/kg. The study report should include the adult morphological changes, the number of offspring. The reproductive output of the animals exposed to the test substance is compared to that of the control(s) in order to determine the no observed effect concentration (NOEC) and/or ECx by using a regression model to estimate the concentration that would cause a x % reduction in reproductive output. The test concentrations should bracket the ECx so that the ECx then comes from interpolation rather than extrapolation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070301-en
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    An Emerging Knowledge-Based Economy in China? : Indicators from OECD Databases (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 77 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers no.2004/04
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: This paper shows that China is catching up rapidly with other dynamic Asian economies and the Triad economies on a score of indicators relating to the knowledge-based economy. Taking into account that a number of measurement issues hamper international comparability to varying degrees, some of the main results are the following. • Economic growth in China has outpaced the other economies substantially. Nevertheless, GDP per capita is still considerably smaller than that of the other economies. • The main contributor to GDP in China is industry (mining; manufacturing; electricity, gas and water supply; and construction), which saw its share rise by 10 percentage points to 52% between 1990 and 2002. • Trade in goods as a percentage of GDP doubled between 1990 and 2002, reaching a level well above that of the Triad economies. The largest contribution to this expansion was made by...
    DOI: 10.1787/256502026705
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    L' université Laval à Québec, un plan de développement immobilier (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 4 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Échanges, Programme pour la construction et l'équipement de l'éducation no.2004/05
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. A Building Development Plan at Laval University, Quebec
    Keywords: Education ; Canada
    Abstract: L’Université Laval est le théâtre d’un développement fulgurant, ce qui n’est sûrement pas étranger au fait qu’elle offre aujourd’hui plus de 350 programmes d’étude à plus de 36 000 étudiants. Parmi les importants travaux en cours, ou sur le point de s’amorcer, sont traités ici trois projets : le Centre de transformation sur le bois ouvré, le Centre d’optique, photonique et laser et le Pavillon Ferdinand-Vandry. L’historique du campus de l’Université Laval se trouve en fin d’article.
    DOI: 10.1787/621211362506
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    Bosnia and Herzegovina - State Level (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 40 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Sigma Public Management Profiles no.16
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: In its present borders, Bosnia-Herzegovina was created on 25 November 1943 at a session of Tito’s Communist Party, the winning party after the Second World War. After the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was created in 1945, Bosnia-Herzegovina existed as one of its six republics for nearly 50 years. In the early 1990s, the events in former Yugoslavia and consequently in Bosnia-Herzegovina started to multiply at a dramatic speed. After the referendum, which was boycotted by the majority of the Bosnian Serbs and endorsed by Bosniaks and the Bosnian Croats, Bosnia-Herzegovina declared independence on 1 March 1992, but the existence of the newly proclaimed state was short – the war started the following month. The beginning of the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina saw two sides at war with each other: on one side were Bosnian Croats and Bosniaks and on the other Bosnian Serbs. However, throughout 1993, Bosnian Croats and Bosniaks fought also heavily with each other. In March 1994, under U.S. pressure, fighting between Bosniaks and Croats ended, with the two sides agreeing to establish a federation on the territory they controlled (the ‘Washington Agreement’). They then joined forces against the Bosnian Serbs who lost ground to the offensive and endured NATO strikes in August 1995.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kmk17zq70r8-en
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    SHA-Based Health Accounts in 13 OECD Countries - Country Studies - Canada : National Health Accounts 1999 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 70 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.2
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Canada
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried out by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the second in this series, presenting the Canadian SHA-based health accounts.
    DOI: 10.1787/334820318254
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    International Procurement Regimes and the Scope for the Inclusion of Environmental Factors in Public Procurement (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 3, no. 4, p. 107-152
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 46 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Régimes des marchés publics à l'échelle internationale et possibilités d'intégration de facteurs environnementaux dans les achats publics
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 4, p. 107-152
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Through adherence to regional trade agreements, membership in common market areas, and other international treaties, OECD member country governments have agreed to subject their public procurement procedures to a certain degree of international regulation. This paper will review the importance of legal constraints that...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art24-en
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    La mise en œuvre de la Convention anti-corruption de l'OCDE : Rapport sur les États-Unis 2003 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264101166
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (127 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: La mise en œuvre de la Convention anti-corruption de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Implementing the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention; Report on the United States 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Implementing the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention: Report on the United States 2003
    Keywords: Governance ; United States
    Abstract: Les États-Unis ont été le premier pays à mettre hors la loi les actes de corruption d’agents publics étrangers dans les transactions commerciales commis par leurs ressortissants et par les sociétés relevant de leur droit grâce à l’adoption du Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) de 1977. Vingt ans plus tard, les États-Unis ont signé, en compagnie de trente-quatre autres pays, la Convention sur la lutte contre la corruption d’agents publics étrangers dans les transactions commerciales internationales (la Convention de l’OCDE sur la lutte contre la corruption). Le Congrès des États-Unis a réagi à la signature de la Convention en amendant le FCPA en octobre 1998. Par la suite, les États-Unis ont ratifié la Convention de l’OCDE et déposé leur instrument de ratification auprès de l’OCDE à la fin de 1998. Sont étudiées dans ce rapport les dispositions juridiques et les institutions en place aux États-Unis pour combattre la corruption d'agents publics étrangers et mesurer l'efficacité de ce dispositif. On y examine les mécanismes introduits tant au sein des administrations publiques que dans le secteur privé pour prévenir et détecter des faits de corruption d'agents publics étrangers. Ce rapport traite aussi de l'efficacité des mécanismes d’enquête et de poursuite de l’infraction de corruption étrangère et des infractions connexes notamment en matière de fraude et de blanchiment d'argent. Le rapport se termine avec des recommandations spécifiques, aussi bien en ce qui concerne la prévention et la détection que les poursuites et les sanctions appliquées en pratique. On y trouvera également les prescriptions juridiques essentielles destinées à dissuader, prévenir et combattre la corruption telles qu’elles ont été communiquées par les États-Unis lors du processus d’examen. L’examen de la mise en œuvre par les États-Unis des dispositions anti-corruption de l’OCDE entre dans le cadre d’un mandat plus large du Groupe de travail de l’OCDE sur la corruption dans le cadre de transactions commerciales internationales. Ce groupe est chargé d’une surveillance et d’un suivi systématiques et détaillés de l’ensemble des pays signataires de la Convention de l’OCDE sur la lutte contre la corruption étrangère. Jusqu’ici, le Groupe de travail a examiné l’application et la mise en œuvre de la Convention en Bulgarie, en Finlande, en Allemagne, en Islande et aux États-Unis. D’ici 2007, les examens des 30 autres pays seront réalisés.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264101166-fr
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    La gestion des connaissances dans l'administration : Une idée dont le temps est venu (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 3, no. 3, p. 119-135
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 18 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Knowledge Management in Government: An Idea Whose Time Has Come
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 3, p. 119-135
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Les administrations publiques ne peuvent ignorer un mouvement de fond qui transforme actuellement les entreprises et plus spécifiquement, les grandes entreprises. Celles-ci doivent en tirer toutes les conséquences, non pas en cherchant à « copier » le secteur privé, mais en essayant d’innover selon leur propre identité et spécificité et selon leur propre façon de gérer leurs ressources humaines...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art18-fr
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    The Swedish Activity Guarantee (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
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    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.16
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sweden
    Abstract: Until recently, an unemployed person in Sweden who participated in an active labour market programme earned entitlement to a further 60 weeks of unemployment insurance (UI) benefits. A "carousel" effect - cycling between periods of open unemployment and participation in active programmes - increasingly seen came to be seen as a factor making the active programmes less effective in promoting the transition to ordinary work. Following policy reforms in 2000 and 2001, participation in a programme no longer generates new UI entitlements. However, the public employment service (PES) can refer the unemployed to a new programme, the Activity Guarantee. This provides continuing income support, and engages participants in job-search and other activities in principle full-time until they find ordinary work. This paper summarises findings from two questionnaire surveys of the implementation of the Activity Guarantee. The first survey was addressed to PES case workers, who have direct ...
    DOI: 10.1787/631026763167
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    La simplification administrative dans les pays de l'OCDE (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264100701
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (292 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Eliminer la paperasserie
    Series Statement: Éliminer la paperasserie
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. From Red Tape to Smart Tape; Administrative Simplification in OECD Countries
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: « L’excès de paperasserie » est l’un des griefs les plus souvent formulés par les entreprises et les citoyens dans les pays de l’OCDE. Ce rapport montre, à travers un ensemble d’instruments et de pratiques fréquemment utilisés, comment des conceptions novatrices et l’utilisation judicieuse des technologies de l'information dans de nombreux domaines débouchent sur de nouvelles approches plus efficaces en matière de réglementation administrative.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264100701-fr
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    Fish Piracy : Combating Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264016804
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (404 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment
    Abstract: This book gathers the proceedings of an OECD Workshop that took place in April 2004 in Paris, on Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing -- a worldwide problem which is increasing in scale. The aim of the workshop was to better understand the social and economic factors that drive IUU fishing in order to identify more effective methods to combat this evil and propose new ways to deal with it.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264016804-en
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    Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : Canada 2004 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264107793
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (262 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; Canada 2004
    Keywords: Environment ; Canada ; Bericht ; Kanada ; Umweltschutz ; Umweltqualität ; Umweltpolitik ; OECD ; Kanada ; Umweltbericht ; Industrie ; Bergbau ; Kanada ; Biodiversität
    Abstract: Ce rapport 2004 sur les politiques et les programmes canadiens en matière d’environnement propose un examen systématique de la gestion de l’air, de l’eau, de la nature et de la biodiversité, ainsi que de l’interaction entre la politique de l’environnement, la politique économique, la politique sociale et certains secteurs. Malgré les progrès appréciables du Canada depuis 1985, il reste encore beaucoup à faire. Dans cette optique, le rapport formule des recommandations précises : un recours plus large aux instruments économiques, l’application des principes pollueurs-payeurs, une rationalisation de la gouvernance de l’eau, le renforcement de la protection de la nature, la réduction de l’intensité énergétique, la mise en œuvre de stratégies face au changement climatique, la réévaluation des taxes liées à l’environnement, le respect des engagements concernant le milieu marin et l’aide au développement.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264107793-fr
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    Science, technologie et industrie : Perspectives de l'OCDE 2004 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264016927
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    DOI: 10.1787/sti_outlook-2004-fr
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    Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation : Bulgarie 2004 : Science, recherche et technologie (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264007031
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.)
    Series Statement: Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education; Bulgaria 2004; Science, Research and Technology
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology ; Bulgaria
    Abstract: Dans chaque pays, petit ou grand, la science et la technologie (S-T) revêtent une importance primordiale dans l’instauration d’une économie basée sur le savoir. Dans les pays appartenant au peloton de tête, la S-T porte ses fruits quand elle est induite par des politiques scientifiques favorisant les programmes à long terme. Et ces programmes sont étroitement liés à une maîtrise anticipative des coûts budgétaires. En Bulgarie, le secteur des sciences et de la technologie reflète bon nombre des difficultés économiques et sociales que rencontre le pays dans son ensemble. Il souffre d’un manque chronique de moyens financiers et a mis du temps à moderniser son appareil de recherche fondamentale. Faute d’une politique cohérente à long terme dans le domaine scientifique et technologique, ces insuffisances se trouvent accentuées. Malgré ces lacunes, l’examen montre que la Bulgarie possède le potentiel humain et scientifique nécessaire à la mise en place d’un système efficace de S-T qui peut considérablement contribuer au développement économique national. Cet examen présente un panorama du secteur de la S-T en Bulgarie et de ses liens avec l’enseignement. Il traite de divers thèmes au nombre desquels : La législation. Les mécanismes institutionnels mis en place dans le domaine de la recherche et de l’enseignement, notamment à travers les exemples de l’Académie bulgare des sciences et des établissements d’enseignement supérieur. Les mécanismes de budgétisation. La coopération régionale et internationale, et notamment les initiatives de l’Union européenne. L’impact de la fuite des cerveaux et du vieillissement sur les ressources humaines. Un échantillon d’études de cas et de pratiques exemplaires en matière de politique de S-T sert à illustrer l’analyse. Le dernier chapitre comprend une série de recommandations. Cet examen sera utile aux décideurs publics ainsi qu’aux professionnels du monde entier. Cette étude s'inscrit dans le cadre des relations de coopération que l'OCDE entretient avec les économies non membres à travers le monde.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264007031-fr
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    Innovation in the Knowledge Economy : Implications for Education and Learning (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264105621
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (98 p.)
    Series Statement: Knowledge management
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Innovation in the Knowledge Economy; Implications for Education and Learning (Hungarian version)
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Today's "knowledge economies" are seeing the emergence of new paradigms for innovation and the advancement of knowledge in relation to economic activities. This report explores some key determinants of innovation and their implications for the advancement of knowledge in a particular sector – primary and secondary education. The analysis shows that there is considerable scope for certain drivers that have helped speed up innovation in other sectors to take effect in education. However, in practice, a number of basic characteristics of education systems have prevented innovation from changing this sector fundamentally. Nevertheless, educational policy makers can learn much from observing how innovation occurs and how sectors are transformed in the most knowledge intensive parts of the economy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264105621-en
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    Basic Studies in the Field of High-temperature Engineering : Third Information Exchange Meeting: Ibaraki-ken, Japan - 11/12 September 2003 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264016026
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (282 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Basic studies in the field of high-temperature engineering
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Japan
    Abstract: In response to growing interest in high-temperature, gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) in many countries and the need for improved materials for nuclear applications in high-temperature environments, the NEA organised the Third Information Exchange Meeting on Basic Studies in the Field of High-temperature Engineering. The proceedings of this meeting provide an overview of high-temperature research currently under way, including studies on the behaviour of irradiated graphite and improvements in material properties under high-temperature irradiation. These proceedings also contain recommendations for further international work in the areas of high-temperature engineering.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264016026-en
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    Strategy Selection for the Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities : Seminar Proceedings, Tarragona, Spain, 1-4 September 2003 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264016729
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Spain
    Abstract: As modern nuclear power programmes mature and large, commercial nuclear power plants and fuel cycle facilities approach the end of their useful life by reason of age, economics or change of policy on the use of nuclear power, new challenges associated with decommissioning and dismantling come to the fore. Politicians and the public may expect there to be a “right answer” to the choice of strategy for a particular type of facility, or even all facilities. Both this seminar and wider experience show that this is not the case. Local factors and national political positions have a significant input and often result in widely differing strategy approaches to broadly similar decommissioning projects. All facility owners represented at the seminar were able to demonstrate a rational process for strategy selection and compelling arguments for the choices made. In addition to the papers that were presented, these proceedings include a summary of the discussions that took place.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264016729-en
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    Insurance in the Baltic Countries (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264021082
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (432 p.)
    Series Statement: Policy Issues in Insurance no.7
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This book contains papers presenting overviews of various aspects of the Baltic insurance market along with papers examining specific policy issues. The latter include policy recommendations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264021082-en
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    OCDE Forum 2004 : Coup de projecteur sur le Forum 2004 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264108493
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (62 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Forum 2004; Forum Highlights
    Keywords: Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264108493-fr
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    South East Europe Compact for Reform, Investment, Integrity and Growth : Albania - Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264030886
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (65 p)
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Albania
    Abstract: Private investment by Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs)1 is a key generator of economic growth and social change in OECD member country economies. In most countries, over 90% of all enterprises are SMEs. It is now widely accepted that the contribution of SMEs to new jobs, exports, innovation and regional development is vital to national development. How to benefit from and maximise this contribution is a continuous challenge for all countries. This Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment seeks to help address that question for Albania and highlights issues that require attention and priority action.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264030886-en
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    Analyse conjointe de l'appropriation et du partenariat en Tanzanie : Examen comparatif des programmes d'aide du Danemark, de la Finlande, de l'Irlande et du Japon (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le développement Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 123-197
    Details
    ISSN: 1996-5753
    Language: French
    Pages: 76 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Joint Assessment of Ownership and Partnership in Tanzania: Comparative Review of the Aid Programmes of Denmark, Finland, Ireland and Japan
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le développement
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 123-197
    Keywords: Development ; Tanzania, United Republic of
    Abstract: La présente analyse conjointe compare les points forts et les faiblesses de quatre donneurs présents en Tanzanie, à savoir le Danemark, la Finlande, l’Irlande et le Japon, et formule des observations sur leurs programmes. Le but de l’analyse conjointe des programmes d’aide de ces quatre donneurs (2-13 mars 2003) était de comprendre comment la mise en œuvre des stratégies de partenariat des donneurs concourt à l’appropriation à l’échelon local. Après un examen des défis posés aux donneurs par les mécanismes tanzaniens de coordination de l’aide, qui favorisent beaucoup l’appropriation par la Tanzanie du programme de développement, une série d’enseignements à tirer sont présentés à l’intention des donneurs du CAD...
    DOI: 10.1787/journal_dev-v4-art29-fr
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    Financing Global and Regional Public Goods Through ODA : Analysis and Evidence from the OECD Creditor Reporting System (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.232
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: The present level of ODA falls short of the amount needed to finance the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The figure of additional $50 billion per year, roughly the present total of ODA spent by DAC donors, is often quoted (e.g. by the Zedillo Report); it results from the sum of the fight against communicable diseases ($ 7-10 billion), primary schooling ($10 billion), infant and maternal mortality ($12 billion) and halving world poverty ($20 billion). The scarcity of public resources raises the importance of investing in international public goods as the cost of lifting one person out of income poverty, for example through agricultural research and global trade expansion, is estimated to be much lower than the cost of the same impact through traditional aid to poor countries. This raises important issues for donor strategies, in particular principles of aid allocation, which this paper aims to address. First, should aid be partly earmarked towards international public goods? ...
    DOI: 10.1787/030687754666
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    South East Europe Compact for Reform, Investment, Integrity and Growth : Bosnia and Herzegovina - Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264032248
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (73 p)
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Abstract: Private investment by Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs)1 is a key generator of economic growth and social change in OECD member country economies. In most countries, over 90% of all enterprises are SMEs. It is now widely accepted that the contribution of SMEs to new jobs, exports, innovation and regional development is vital to national development. How to benefit from and maximise this contribution is a continuous challenge for all countries. This Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment seeks to help address that question for Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) and highlights issues that require attention and priority action.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264032248-en
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  • 65
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    Capacité d'adaptation générale dans l'enseignement supérieur : Programme de réforme (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 81-103
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3592
    Language: French
    Pages: 28 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Systemic Responsiveness in Tertiary Education: An Agenda for Reform
    Titel der Quelle: Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 81-103
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Ces dernières année, l’auteur a mené 126 entretiens et organisé quatre groupes de discussion avec des universitaires, des administrateurs et d’autres personnes ayant un lien avec des universités australiennes au sujet des problèmes et des enjeux auxquels, selon eux, le système d’enseignement supérieur est confronté. Inquiétude et pessimisme ont dominé les entretiens consacrés à l’avenir de l’enseignement supérieur en Australie. Parmi les personnes interrogées, trois sur quatre environ estimaient que le système était pire, ou en tout cas pas meilleur, que dix ans auparavant. Une proportion analogue avait peu d’espoir que le système s’améliore au cours des dix années suivantes, à supposer qu’il ne se dégrade pas davantage. Dans cet article l’auteur décrit ce qu’il considère comme étant des obstacles ...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art17-fr
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    The United Kingdom's Part-Privately Funded Business Academy Bexley (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 3 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Exchange, Programme on Educational Building no.2004/10
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La Business Academy Bexley : Une école britannique à financement semi-privé
    Keywords: Education ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: The Business Academy Bexley is one of the first purpose-built, part-privately funded independent state schools in Europe. As part of the United Kingdoms new approach to raising educational standards in areas of social deprivation and low educational attainment, Bexley was designed to facilitate integration among its students and with local residents and to enrich the learning process.
    DOI: 10.1787/613086010348
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    Russia's Gas Sector : The Endless Wait for Reform? (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 38 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.402
    Keywords: Economics ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: The gas industry is perhaps Russia’s least reformed major sector. Prices are regulated, exports are monopolised and the domestic market is dominated by a state-controlled, vertically integrated monopolist, OAO Gazprom. Gazprom combines commercial and regulatory functions, and maintains tight control over the sector’s infrastructure and over information flows within it. The sector as it is currently constituted is highly unlikely to be able to sustain sufficient output growth to satisfy both rising export commitments and domestic demand. There is significant potential for accelerating the growth of non-Gazprom production and making gas supply in Russia more competitive, but this will require fundamental reform. The proposals for reform advanced in the paper address two sets of issues. First, there is an urgent need to increase transparency in the sector and transfer many of the regulatory functions now performed by Gazprom to state bodies. Secondly, there is a longer-term need for a ...
    DOI: 10.1787/735153733318
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    Une école novatrice revisitée : L'académie de Leith et les projets subséquents (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 4 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Échanges, Programme pour la construction et l'équipement de l'éducation no.2004/01
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. An Innovative School Revisited: Leith Academy and the Projects that Followed
    Keywords: Education ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: En 1995, le PEB a publié une étude de cas sur l’Académie de Leith, au Royaume-Uni. L’article suivant examine la conception originale de l’Académie, la façon dont les bâtiments ont rempli leur rôle pendant leurs 13 années d’existence et leur influence sur les conceptions suivantes.
    DOI: 10.1787/624104622718
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  • 69
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    SHA-Based Health Accounts in 13 OECD Countries - Country Studies - Hungary : National Health Accounts 2001 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 41 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.5
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Hungary
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the fifth in this series, presenting the Hungarian SHA-based health accounts.
    DOI: 10.1787/358115730142
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  • 70
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    Concevoir les environnements d'apprentissage du XXIe siècle (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 4 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Échanges, Programme pour la construction et l'équipement de l'éducation no.2004/11
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Creating 21st Century Learning Environments
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: C’est sous l’égide du ministère de l’Éducation et des Compétences du Royaume-Uni (DfES) et du Programme de l’OCDE pour la construction et l’équipement de l’éducation (PEB) que s’est tenu le séminaire intitulé « Concevoir les environnements d’apprentissage du XXIe siècle ». Deux projets menés par le Royaume-Uni sont présentés ici.
    DOI: 10.1787/600313803067
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    Mobilising Investment for Development : Role of ODA the 1993-2003 Experience in Vietnam (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2004/06
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Viet Nam
    Abstract: The Vietnamese economy was in the doldrums in the 1980s and until a certain progress had been made in the context of Doi Moi there was little incentive for businesses to invest. The following reasons are commonly given for the sluggish economic activity: a lack of appropriate infrastructure (causing market disconnectedness even within the country); weak links to the world market; a shortage of skilled labour and managerial capacity; and an inefficient or business unfriendly public administration. ODA to Vietnam was allocated in such a way as to remedy these obstacles and the donors’ well designed strategies are seen as a major factor behind the success of ODA. National ownership, an important feature of ODA programmes, has mostly been strong in ODA to Vietnam. Most of the activities of the past were closely aligned with the Vietnamese government’s development priorities. It should nevertheless be recognised that some ODA projects have aroused little enthusiasm among public ...
    DOI: 10.1787/310312530030
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    Growing Research : Challenges for Latedevelopers and Newcomers (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 119-140
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 25 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Développer une activité de recherche : Les défis qui attendent les retardataires et les nouveaux venus
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 119-140
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Across OECD countries, governments, policy makers and university managers are examining the future of higher education and questioning the role of educational research. These discussions are taking place against the backdrop that knowledge production and the contribution of higher education to the economy and the prestige and standing of nations is rapidly transforming the once benign higher education system into a competitive market place. Moreover, many governments believe the existing system of funding and/or organisation is no longer sustainable. Should research funding be spread equitably across many institutions or should only a few concentrate on research and the rest focus on teaching and training? If massification was a major force on higher education in OECD countries in the latter half of the 20th century, then competition driven in part by institutional research capacity is playing a similar role in the early 21st century. These forces are influencing in a very directive way how individual institutions are organising and managing themselves. This article looks at the specific challenges faced by new and emerging higher education institutions of growing research from a “fragile base”. In the process, their experiences raise wider questions for both higher education institutions and governments...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art10-en
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    Développer une activité de recherche : Les défis qui attendent les retardataires et les nouveaux venus (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 133-157
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3592
    Language: French
    Pages: 28 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Growing Research: Challenges for Latedevelopers and Newcomers
    Titel der Quelle: Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 133-157
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Dans les pays de l’OCDE, pouvoirs publics, décideurs et gestionnaires universitaires s’intéressent à l’avenir de l’enseignement supérieur et s’interrogent sur le rôle de la recherche dans le cadre de l’enseignement. Le débat s’inscrit dans un contexte marqué par le fait que la production de savoir et la contribution de l’enseignement supérieur à l’économie, au prestige et au statut d’un pays sont en train de transformer rapidement le système d’enseignement supérieur : le laisser-faire cède la place à la concurrence du marché. De nombreux gouvernements sont par ailleurs convaincus que le système actuel de financement et d’organisation ne pourra pas perdurer. Le financement de la recherche doit-il se répartir équitablement entre les différents établissements ou bien faut-il au contraire que seuls certains établissements se concentrent sur la recherche, les autres se consacrant à l’enseignement et à la formation ? Si au cours de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle la massification a imposé sa logique à l’enseignement supérieur dans les pays de l’OCDE, c’est désormais la concurrence, liée en partie à la capacité de recherche, qui joue un rôle analogue au début de ce XXIe siècle. Cette logique pèse de manière assez marquée sur le mode d’organisation et de gestion des établissements. L’article examine les défis spécifiques que doivent relever les établissements d’enseignement supérieur récents ou en cours de création pour développer leur activité de recherche à partir d’une base « fragile ». En cours de processus, leur expérience soulève des questions plus vastes pour les établissements comme pour les pouvoirs publics...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art10-fr
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    Report on non-OECD Countries' Spam Legislation (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 17 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.81
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report on anti-spam legislation in OECD non-member countries was originally prepared for the Brussels OECD Workshop on Spam and was updated following the workshop to include more non-member country information in April 2004.
    DOI: 10.1787/232723710504
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    Product Market Competition and Economic Performance in Switzerland (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 64 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.383
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Concurrence sur les marchés de produits et performance économique en Suisse
    Keywords: Economics ; Switzerland
    Abstract: The strength of product market competition plays an important role in ensuring dynamic economic growth. This paper examines product market competition and its link with economic performance in Switzerland whose growth has been weaker than in most OECD countries since 1980. It shows that substantial progress in reforming product markets can be made in many areas, which would contribute to reduce the excessive price differential vis-à-vis other countries and stimulate growth. These reforms should focus on the legal framework of competition, the network industries, the health sector, the revision of the Domestic Market Act, agriculture, the restriction on parallel imports and, more generally, the opening up of services to foreign competition ...
    DOI: 10.1787/336304241158
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    Test No. 427: Skin Absorption: In Vivo Method (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264071063
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (8 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 427; Absorption cutanée ; méthode in vivo
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 427: Absorption cutanée : méthode in vivo
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The in vivo percutaneous absorption study set out in this Test Guideline provides the linkage necessary to extrapolate from oral studies when making safety assessments following dermal exposure. The in vivo method, described in this guideline, allows the determination of the penetration of the test substance through the skin into the systemic compartment. The test substance, preferably radiolabelled, is applied, for a fixed period of time, to the clipped skin of animals at one or more appropriate dose levels in the form of a representative in-use preparation. The rat is the most commonly used species. At least four animals of one sex should be used for each test preparation and each scheduled termination time. A known amount of the test preparation is evenly applied to the site. This amount should normally mimic potential human exposure, typically 1-5 mg/cm² for a solid or up to 10 µl/cm² for liquids. A relevant exposure period (typically 6 or 24 hours) should be used, based on the expected human exposure duration. The animals should be observed for signs of toxicity/abnormal reactions at intervals for the entire duration of the study. This study includes: daily measurements (excreta), regular detailed observations, as well as sacrifice at the scheduled time and blood collected for analysis.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264071063-en
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    Design Choices in Market Competition for Employment Services for the Long-Term Unemployed (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
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    Language: English
    Pages: 52 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.21
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Most Western countries have a long tradition of employment service provision by public bodies and non-profit organisations, but not by for-profit organisations. The creation of a quasi-market arrangement is not a simple choice for government. This paper underscores the difficulties and discusses design options. It calls for a complex balancing act between regulation and the creation of room for market competition, between old and new instruments and procedures, and between efficiency and equity. It identifies as two key issues the need to actively create sufficient room for market competition, and the need for "positive creaming" which encourages providers to concentrate their efforts on the most disadvantaged target groups. The paper starts by stating the principles and preconditions for market competition, with a focus on possible quasi-market arrangements for strengthening service provision for the long-term unemployed in Flanders. It sets out four models for contracting with ...
    DOI: 10.1787/643105306337
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    Incentives and Accountability : Instruments of Change in Higher Education (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 9-18
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 13 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Incitations et transparence : Les instruments du changement dans l'enseignement supérieur
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 9-18
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Thank you for inviting me to make some concluding remarks at this important conference. My brief is to reflect on the themes of the conference and to bring forth insights of how these ideas play out in different settings. In his instructions to me Richard Yelland, Head of Programme, added that after two days of concentrated discussions on the challenges facing the managers and leaders of higher education institutions, participants would be looking forward to a provocative address on incentives and accountability in higher education...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art2-en
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    Coping with Ageing : A Dynamic Approach to Quantify the Impact of Alternative Policy Options on Future Labour Supply in OECD Countries (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 92 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.371
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: In the face of the substantial ageing of population expected to occur in OECD countries over coming decades, policies that boost labour-force participation attract considerable interest. There remain large cross-country divergences in participation rates that are largely accounted for by differences in participation of specific groups, in particular prime-age women, older workers and also youth. This suggests that policies targeting these groups could have important effects. The aim of this paper is to examine whether the potential impact of several policy reforms is able to attenuate or to offset the adverse trend in aggregate participation rates that would otherwise occur because of ageing population. It uses a simple dynamic modelling framework that generates longer-term projections of participation rates and labour supplies in OECD countries and alternative scenarios of policy reforms. The main outcome of this analysis is that the combined effect of possible reforms targeting ...
    DOI: 10.1787/224538175006
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    Stratégie de l'environnement de l'OCDE : Bilan en 2004 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264107830
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (184 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Strategy; 2004 Review of Progress
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Strategy: 2004 Review of Progress
    Keywords: Economic development Environmental aspects ; OECD countries ; Environmental policy OECD countries ; Natural resources OECD countries ; Management ; Quality of life OECD countries ; Environment
    Abstract: En 2001, les ministres de l’Environnement des pays de l’OCDE ont adopté une Stratégie de l’environnement ambitieuse pour les dix premières années du XXIème siècle. Cette Stratégie trace des orientations claires en faveur de politiques écologiquement viables et énonce cinq grands objectifs :• maintenir l’intégrité des écosystèmes par la gestion rationnelle des ressources naturelles ;• découpler les pressions sur l’environnement de la croissance économique ;• améliorer les informations pour la prise de décision : mesurer les progrès au moyen d’indicateurs ;• l’interface social-environnement : améliorer la qualité de vie ;• interdépendance environnementale à l’échelle planétaire : améliorer la gouvernance et la coopération.Ce rapport évalue les progrès réalisés par les pays membres de l’OCDE au regard de ces objectifs et dans la mise en œuvre des 71 actions au niveau national sur lesquelles ils se sont mis d’accord dans le cadre de la Stratégie de l’environnement. L'ouvrage est destiné aux décideurs et aux économistes de l’environnement.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264107830-fr
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    Éliminer la paperasserie : La simplification administrative dans les pays de l'OCDE (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. From Red Tape to Smart Tape: Administrative Simplification in OECD Countries
    Keywords: Verwaltungsvereinfachung ; Verwaltung ; Genehmigungsverfahren ; Vereinfachung
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264100701-fr
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    Transport urbain de marchandises : Les défis du XXIe siècle (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264024113
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Delivering the Goods; 21st Century Challenges to Urban Goods Transport
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Delivering the Goods: 21st Century Challenges to Urban Goods Transport
    Keywords: Environment ; Transport ; Industry and Services ; Konsumgüterwirtschaft ; Güternahverkehr ; Stadtverkehr ; City-Logistik
    Abstract: A ce jour, peu de gouvernements se sont attachés à faciliter le flux indispensable des marchandises en ville et à réduire les effets nuisibles du transport urbain de marchandises sur la collectivité desservie. Ceci a accru les problèmes liés aux livraisons de marchandises, et notamment la concurrence entre transport de marchandises et transport de passagers pour l’accès à l’infrastructure routière et aux places de stationnement/livraison. Ce rapport fournit des recommandations pour faire face à ces défis.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264024113-fr
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  • 83
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    République tchèque (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Series Statement: Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews: Czech Republic 2004
    Keywords: Tschechien ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Regionalwirtschaft
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264106420-fr
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  • 84
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    Perspectives de l'investissement international (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264016521
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 2004
    DOI: 10.1787/iip-2004-fr
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  • 85
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    Politique commerciale de la Russie : Le rôle des autorités locales et régionales (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264102040
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trade Policies in Russia; The Role of Local and Regional Governments
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trade Policies in Russia: The Role of Local and Regional Governments
    Keywords: Governance ; Trade ; Russian Federation ; Russland ; Föderalismus ; Außenhandelspolitik ; Wirtschaftspolitik
    Abstract: Ce livre examine le rôle des autorités régionales dans la politique commerciale de la Fédération de Russie. Il décrit les principales politiques commerciales régionales, telles les subventions, les taxes et les licences, et leurs conséquences pour les engagements commerciaux internationaux de la Russie. En effet, lorsque la Russie deviendra membre de l'OMC, elle devra veiller à ce que les règlements et pratiques administratives de ses administrations locales soient conformes à ses engagements.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264102040-fr
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  • 86
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    L' administration électronique: un impératif (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264101203
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (228 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Études de l'OCDE sur l'administration électronique
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The e-Government Imperative
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; E-Government
    Abstract: L'avènement de la société de l'information a modifié les attentes des citoyens, les structures et les cultures organisationnelles. Les pouvoirs publics suivent le mouvement et adoptent les outils et les pratiques de travail de la société de l'information pour demeurer en mesure de faire face aux besoins des citoyens et pouvoir tirer les pleins bénéfices de l’administration électronique. Les initiatives en matière d’administration électronique recentrent l’attention sur plusieurs questions : comment les institutions peuvent-elles collaborer plus efficacement entre elles pour essayer de résoudre des problèmes communs? Comment cibler davantage l’usager et comment tisser des liens avec des partenaires du secteur privé ?
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264101203-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 87
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    Gouvernement d'entreprise : panorama des pays de l'OCDE (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264106086
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (130 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Corporate Governance; A Survey of OECD Countries
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Corporate Governance; A Survey of OECD Countries (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Corporate Governance: A Survey of OECD Countries
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Corporate Governance: A Survey of OECD Countries (Chinese version)
    Keywords: Governance ; Industry and Services ; Corporate Governance ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Les scandales et faillites qui ont ébranlé le monde des entreprises, conjugués à des préoccupations économiques plus larges, ont incité les pays de l'OCDE à accorder une attention plus soutenue au gouvernement d’entreprise, désormais reconnu comme un élément fondamental de la croissance économique et de la stabilité financière. Cette étude se penche sur les problèmes systémiques et examine les réponses que les pays de l'OCDE y ont apportées. Elle présente une large palette d’expériences dont d’autres pays pourraient s’inspirer lorsqu’ils envisageront les différentes options s’ouvrant à eux en matière d’action publique.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264106086-fr
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  • 88
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    Prestations et salaires : Les indicateurs de l'OCDE (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264015180
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Édition 2004
    Keywords: Vergütung ; Sondervergütung ; Transfereinkommen ; Steuer ; Arbeitslosigkeit ; Anreizsystem ; Beschäftigung
    DOI: 10.1787/ben_wages-2004-fr
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  • 89
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    L' orientation professionnelle : Guide pratique pour les décideurs (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264015227
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (85 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Slovak version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Bulgarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Czech version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Uddannelses- og erhvervsvejledning; En håndbog for beslutningstagere
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Berufsberatung; Ein Handbuch für politisch Verantwortliche
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Greek version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Orientación professional ; Guía para responsables políticos
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Latvian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance: A Handbook for Policy Makers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance: A Handbook for Policy Makers (Bulgarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance: A Handbook for Policy Makers (Czech version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Uddannelses- og erhvervsvejledning: En håndbog for beslutningstagere
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Berufsberatung: Ein Handbuch für politisch Verantwortliche
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance: A Handbook for Policy Makers (Greek version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Orientación professional : Guía para responsables políticos
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance: A Handbook for Policy Makers (Latvian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance: A Handbook for Policy Makers (Slovak version)
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Berufsberatung ; Bildungsberatung
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage, publié conjointement par l’OCDE et la Commission européenne, donne aux décideurs publics des outils pratiques pour s’attaquer aux insuffisances de nombreux systèmes nationaux d’orientation professionnelle. Ces services sont notamment d’un accès limité, surtout pour les adultes, ils n’apprennent pas aux intéressés à gérer leur parcours professionnel, la formation y est inappropriée et la coordination des services médiocre. Dans un langage simple, qui n’a rien de technique, cette publication traite de multiples questions qui sont fondamentales du point de vue de l’efficacité des services d’orientation professionnelle, par exemple : comment élargir l’accès à l’orientation professionnelle ? Comment améliorer la qualité de l’information sur les métiers et les professions ? Comment s’assurer que les qualifications du personnel correspondent aux objectifs de l’action gouvernementale ? Enfin, comment améliorer le pilotage stratégique dans ce domaine ?
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264015227-fr
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  • 90
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    Vers des systèmes de santé plus performants (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264016484
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (142 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Le projet de l'OCDE sur la santé
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Towards High-Performing Health Systems
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Gesundheitspolitik
    Abstract: Ce rapport présente une synthèse des études menées par l’OCDE dans le cadre du Projet sur la santé. On y trouvera des informations et des analyses sur des sujets aussi divers que les technologies médicales nouvelles et émergentes, les soins de longue durée, l’assurance-maladie privée, la maîtrise des dépenses de santé, l’équité d’accès aux soins selon le revenu, la planification des ressources humaines dans le domaine de la santé et leur productivité, et les délais d’attente pour la chirurgie non urgente. Ce rapport s’appuie sur l’expérience de nombreux pays ainsi que sur des données nouvelles relatives aux différences qui existent d’un pays à l’autre. Il constitue une feuille de route tout à fait actuelle pour améliorer les systèmes de santé.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264016484-fr
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  • 91
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    A New World Map in Textiles and Clothing : Adjusting to Change (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264018556
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (234 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Textile et vêtement ; Faire face aux mutations
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Textile et vêtement : Faire face aux mutations
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von A new world map in textiles and clothing
    DDC: 338.4/7677
    RVK:
    QR 526
    RVK:
    QM 200
    Keywords: Textilindustrie ; Welttextilabkommen ; Handelsabkommen ; Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Strukturwandel ; Welt ; Entwicklungsländer ; OECD-Staaten ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Textilindustrie ; Internationalisierung ; Bekleidungsindustrie ; Bekleidungshandel ; Außenhandel
    Abstract: In light of the elimination of quantitative import restrictions under the WTO at the end of 2004, A New World Map in Textiles and Clothing identifies the most recent market developments throughout the entire supply chain, from natural fibres to retail distribution. It outlines the policy and regulatory challenges in the fields of trade, labour adjustment, technology and innovation, and suggests a policy framework to help deal effectively with such changes as well as to capitalise on the trade opportunities that are being created through improved market access. “A highly useful contribution to the debate on policy challenges in textiles and clothing, the book stands out from the others in recognising the influence that trade policy measures continue to exert on investment and production decisions, and in providing a synthesis of key market developments and policy issues.” Munir Ahmad, Executive Director, International Textiles and Clothing Bureau “Policy makers in all textile and clothing trading countries would be wise to heed the sound advice proffered in this comprehensive and thorough, fact-based assessment." Laura Baughman, President, Trade Partnership Worldwide, LLC. “A must read for anybody interested in the future of textiles and clothing around the world. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the expected adjustment process in usefully underscoring the role of technology and innovation and the growing importance of the business facilitation agenda.” Carlos A. Primo Braga, Senior Adviser, International Trade Department, The World Bank
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264018556-en
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  • 92
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    L' économie de la sécurité (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264107755
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (174 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Security Economy
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Alors que le marché des biens et services de sécurité a connu un développement massif depuis les attentats du 9 septembre 2001, cette étude examine les coûts que pourraient avoir des perturbations majeures, les arbitrages entre une plus grande sécurité et l’efficience économique et les conséquences du renforcement de la surveillance du point de vue de la vie privée et des libertés démocratiques.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264107755-fr
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  • 93
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    Essai n 427: Absorption cutanée : méthode in vivo (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264071070
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (10 p)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 427; Skin Absorption; In Vivo Method
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 427: Skin Absorption: In Vivo Method
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: L'étude d'absorption cutanée in vivo présentée dans cette Ligne directrice fournit des éléments nécessaires pour extrapoler des études orales lors d’évaluations de sécurité après une exposition cutanée. La méthode in vivo, décrite dans cette Ligne directrice, permet la détermination de la pénétration de la substance d'essai à travers la peau dans le compartiment systémique. La substance d'essai, de préférence radiomarquée, est appliquée, pendant une période fixe, sur la peau rasée des animaux à un ou plusieurs niveaux de dose appropriés, sous la forme d’une préparation d’usage représentative. Le rat est l’espèce généralement la plus utilisée. Au moins quatre animaux d'un sexe devraient être employés pour chaque préparation d'essai et chaque durée prévue. Une quantité connue de la préparation d'essai est appliquée. Cette quantité devrait normalement imiter l'exposition humaine potentielle, en général de 1-5 mg/cm² pour un solide ou jusqu'à 10 µl/cm² pour des liquides. Une période d'exposition de référence (en général 6 ou 24 heures) devrait être employée, en fonction de la durée éventuelle de l’exposition humaine. Les signes de la toxicité et les réactions anormales sont observés par intervalles pour la durée entière de l'étude. Cette étude inclut des mesures quotidiennes (excrétions), des observations détaillées régulières, de même que l’euthanasie à un moment donné et des prélèvements sanguins pour analyse.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264071070-fr
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  • 94
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    Canada (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Canada 2004
    RVK:
    QC 347
    RVK:
    QM 353
    Keywords: Environmental management Canada ; Environmental policy Canada ; Environmental protection Canada ; Sustainable development Canada ; Kanada ; Umweltbericht ; Industrie ; Bergbau
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264107793-fr
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  • 95
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    Bébés et employeurs - Comment réconcilier travail et vie de famille (Volume 3) : Nouvelle-Zélande, Portugal et Suisse (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264108370
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (244 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Babies and Bosses - Reconciling Work and Family Life (Volume 3); New Zealand, Portugal and Switzerland
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Babies and Bosses; Políticas de Conciliação da Actividade Profissional e da Vida Familiar (Volume 3); Nova Zelândia, Portugal e Suíça
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Babies and Bosses - Reconciling Work and Family Life (Volume 3): New Zealand, Portugal and Switzerland
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Babies and Bosses: Políticas de Conciliação da Actividade Pro& 64257;ssional e da Vida Familiar (Volume 3): Nova Zelândia, Portugal e Suíça
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; New Zealand ; Portugal ; Switzerland ; Berufstätigkeit ; Kind ; Erziehung ; Familienleben ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Cette étude, qui s’inscrit dans une série couvrant différents pays de l’OCDE, examine comment, en Nouvelle-Zélande, au Portugal et en Suisse, les aides directes et fiscales à la garde des enfants et les pratiques des entreprises face à ce problème influent sur le comportement des parents sur le marché du travail et sur la constitution des familles. Elle formule des recommandations de réforme des politiques visant à aider les travailleurs à mieux concilier leurs engagements professionnels et familiaux.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264108370-fr
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  • 96
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    Assurance et risques environnementaux: Une analyse comparative du rôle de l'assurance dans la gestion des risques liés à l'environnement (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264105539
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Aspects fondamentaux des assurances no.6
    Series Statement: Aspects fondamentaux des assurances
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environmental Risks and Insurance; A Comparative Analysis of the Role of Insurance in the Management of Environment-Related Risks
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Riesgos Ambientales y Seguros ; Un análisis comparativo del papel de los seguros en la gestión de riesgos relacionados con el medio ambiente
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environmental Risks and Insurance: A Comparative Analysis of the Role of Insurance in the Management of Environment-Related Risks
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Riesgos Ambientales y Seguros : Un análisis comparativo del papel de los seguros en la gestión de riesgos relacionados con el medio ambiente
    Keywords: Environment ; Finance and Investment
    Abstract: De l’incidence croissante de la pollution environnementale et de la contamination des sols, aux catastrophes naturelles récurrentes, les risques engendrés par l’interaction constante entre les activités humaines et l’environnement sont nombreux, de nature très diverse, et souvent catastrophiques dans leurs conséquences. L’élaboration de plans de gestion des risques efficaces, visant à énoncer des stratégies viables, appelle la contribution de tous les acteurs économiques concernés: secteur privé, gouvernements, institutions financières et organisations internationales. Ce rapport se concentre sur le rôle de l’assurance et de la réassurance dans la gestion des risques environnementaux – risque de pollution environnementale et risque de catastrophes naturelles en particulier. Il aborde la question de l’assurabilité de ce type de risques, analyse le risque croissant que représente la responsabilité pour pollution environnementale et les tendances sous-jacentes dans le développement des régimes de responsabilité environnementale dans les pays de l’OCDE. Cet ouvrage présente également les différents produits et techniques d’assurance développés en réponse aux évolutions légales et factuelles. Il décrit aussi les caractéristiques des risques de catastrophes naturelles, le rôle des marchés d’assurance traditionnels dans la couverture de ces périls, et les options de couverture alternatives, allant des mécanismes de compensation gouvernementaux aux nouveaux produits développés sur les marchés financiers.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264105539-fr
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  • 97
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    Career Guidance and Public Policy : Bridging the Gap (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264105669
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Orientation professionnelle et politique publique ; comment combler l'écart
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Bildungs- und Berufsberatung; Bessere Verzahnung mit der öffentlichen Politik
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Orientación profesional y políticas públicas ; Cómo acortar distancias
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Orientation professionnelle et politique publique : comment combler l'écart
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Bildungs- und Berufsberatung: Bessere Verzahnung mit der öffentlichen Politik
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Orientación profesional y políticas públicas : Cómo acortar distancias
    RVK:
    DL 3000
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Karriere ; Gleichheit
    Abstract: OECD countries are attaching rising importance to lifelong learning and active employment policies as tools of economic growth and social equity. Effective information and guidance systems are essential to support the implementation of these policies, and all citizens need to develop the skills to self-manage their careers. Yet there are large gaps between these policy goals and the capacity of national career guidance systems. Based upon a review conducted in 14 OECD countries, this publication explores how these gaps might be narrowed. It advocates improved national co-ordination arrangements and greater attention to research and data collection to inform policy makers. It also promotes the development of improved and more specialised training programmes for practitioners and the creation of more specialised career guidance organisations for the delivery of services.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264105669-en
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  • 98
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    Recent Tax Policy Trends and Reforms in OECD Countries (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264016590
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Tax Policy Studies no.9
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La politique fiscale dans les pays de l'OCDE ; Évolutions et réformes récentes
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La politique fiscale dans les pays de l'OCDE : Évolutions et réformes récentes
    Keywords: Taxation
    Abstract: This ninth volume of the OECD Tax Policy Studies series reports on trends in the areas of tax revenues; the ‘tax mix’; and the taxation of labour, dividends, and personal and corporate income. It also looks at value added and environmentally related taxes. The volume reviews recent major tax reforms in Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, Switzerland and the United States. It also covers selected tax policy developments in Austria, Finland, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, the Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Finally, Recent Tax Policy Trends and Reforms in OECD Countries includes discussion of country practices and recent developments in the areas of fiscal decentralisation, “making work pay” policies, corporate tax developments, and the effects of tax policies on research and development practices.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264016590-en
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  • 99
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    Bulgarie : Science, recherche et technologie (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Series Statement: Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education: Bulgaria 2004: Science, Research and Technology
    Keywords: Education and state Bulgaria ; Science Bulgaria ; Technology Bulgaria ; Bulgarien ; Forschung und Entwicklung ; Innovationsförderung
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264007031-fr
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  • 100
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    La gestion des dépenses publiques en France (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 47 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.409
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Public Expenditure Management in France
    Keywords: Economics ; France
    Abstract: Depuis le début des années 90, lorsque le déficit des administrations publiques de la France avait atteint le niveau inquiétant de 6 pour cent du PIB, les finances publiques du pays se sont nettement redressées, même si de nouvelles améliorations substantielles sont nécessaires. Ce document examine les outils dont disposent les décideurs publics pour relever ce défi. Il en ressort clairement que, étant donné la part relativement réduite du budget de l’État dans les dépenses totales, le secteur de l’État ne peut à lui seul résoudre le problème. Le système de sécurité sociale, principale source de la poussée des dépenses, a un rôle à jouer, mais il en va de même des administrations infranationales – surtout si le transfert prévu de nouvelles compétences à l’échelon local se réalise. Pour pouvoir orienter la dépense publique de manière à créer des marges de manœuvre, les décideurs publics devront clarifier les structures de gouvernance de façon que les responsables de l’administration ...
    DOI: 10.1787/438352638072
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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