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  • 2005-2009  (1.691)
  • 1965-1969
  • OECD  (1.691)
  • OECD International Transport Forum  (22)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (1.691)
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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Essai n 230 : Essai de 21 jours sur les poissons : un dépistage à court terme de l'activité oestrogénique, et androgénique et de l'inhibition de l'aromatase (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076235
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (40 p)
    Serie: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 2
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Test No. 230; 21-day Fish Assay; A Short-Term Screening for Oestrogenic and Androgenic Activity, and Aromatase Inhibition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Test No. 230: 21-day Fish Assay: A Short-Term Screening for Oestrogenic and Androgenic Activity, and Aromatase Inhibition
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: La présente Ligne directrice décrit un essai de dépistage in vivo de certaines substances actives sur le système endocrinien sur des groupes de poissons (composés de mâles sexuellement matures et de femelles reproductrices) exposés à une substance pendant une durée limitée de leur cycle biologique (21 jours). Cet essai couvre le dépistage de l’activité oestrogénique, androgénique, et l’inhibition de l’aromatase. L’essai a été validé sur le tête-de-boule (Pimephales promelas), le médaka japonnais (Oryzias latipes) et le poisson-zèbre (Danio rerio); cependant le poisson-zèbre ne permet pas de détecter l’activité androgénique. A l’issue de la période d’exposition de 21 jours, en fonction de l’espèce testée, un ou deux biomarqueur(s) sont mesurés chez les mâles et les femelles pour servir d’indicateurs des effets de la substance d’essai sur l’activité oestrogénique, androgénique ou sur l’inhibition de l’aromatase. Ces biomarqueurs sont la vitellogénine et les caractères sexuels secondaires. La vitellogénine est dosée chez le tête-de-boule, le medaka japonais et le poisson-zèbre tandis que les caractères sexuels secondaires sont mesurés chez le tête-de-boule et le medaka japonais uniquement.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076235-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Essai n 452 : Études de toxicité chronique (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264071216
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (16 p.)
    Serie: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Test No. 452; Chronic Toxicity Studies
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Test No. 452: Chronic Toxicity Studies
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: L’objectif des études de toxicité chronique est de caractériser le profil d’une substance dans des espèces mammifères (essentiellement rongeurs) à la suite d’une exposition prolongée et répétée. La Ligne directrice porte particulièrement sur les rongeurs et l’administration orale. Les deux sexes doivent être employés. Pour des rongeurs, chaque groupe de traitement contient au moins 20 animaux de chaque sexe, tandis que pour des non-rongeurs, un minimum de 4 animaux de chaque sexe par groupe est recommandé. Au moins trois niveaux de dose doivent être employés en plus du groupe témoin. Normalement, la fréquence de l’exposition est quotidienne, mais elle peut varier selon la voie choisie (orale, cutanée ou inhalation) et elle est ajustée selon le profil toxicocinétique de la substance d’essai. La durée de la période d’exposition est d’au moins 12 mois. Les résultats de ces études incluent des mesures (pesée), des observations détaillées régulières (examen hématologique, analyse d’urine, chimie clinique), ainsi que des procédures d’autopsie et l’histopathologie.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264071216-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Panorama de l'aide au développement 2008 : Statistiques par région (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059672
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (159 p)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Development Aid at a Glance 2008; Statistics by Region
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Development Aid at a Glance 2008: Statistics by Region
    DOI: 10.1787/dev_glance-2008-fr
    URL: Volltext
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Creating Effective Teaching and Learning Environments: First Results from TALIS (Executive Summary) (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264072992
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (32 p)
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264072992-en
    URL: Volltext
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Pologne (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264049611
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (250 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews; Poland 2008
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews; Poland 2008; (Polish version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews: Poland 2008
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews: Poland 2008: (Polish version)
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Poland
    Kurzfassung: Bien que la Pologne ait réussi à maintenir depuis le milieu des années 90 une forte croissance, la deuxième plus élevée des pays de l’OCDE en 2006-2007, les disparités territoriales persistent et se creusent, surtout entre les grandes agglomérations et les zones rurales. Comme de nombreux pays de l’OCDE, la Pologne doit s’employer à trouver un juste équilibre entre l’aide aux pôles de croissance et le développement des régions en retard, en particulier les régions périphériques de l’Est -- les plus pauvres de l'Union européenne. Ce rapport étudie les multiples défis pour la politique de développement régional en Pologne, et formule des recommandations, en s’attachant en particulier aux problèmes de gouvernance.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264049611-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    DAC Guiding Principles for Aid Effectiveness, Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Serie: Best Practices in Development Co-operation
    Schlagwort(e): Development
    Kurzfassung: Endorsed in December 2008, these Guiding Principles suggest concrete ways policy advisors and programme managers, in both donor and partner countries, can achieve better development results by improving gender equality and supporting women’s empowerment.
    DOI: 10.1787/487955dc-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Essai n 453 : Études combinées de toxicité chronique et de cancérogénèse (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264071230
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (21 p.)
    Serie: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Test No. 453; Combined Chronic Toxicity/Carcinogenicity Studies
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Test No. 453: Combined Chronic Toxicity/Carcinogenicity Studies
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: L'objectif d'une étude combinée de toxicité chronique/cancérogénèse est l’identification des effets cancérigènes et chroniques dans des espèces mammifères, et la détermination des relations dose-effets à la suite d’une exposition prolongée et répétée. Le rat est typiquement utilisé dans cette étude. Pour les rongeurs, chaque groupe de dose et groupe témoin de la phase « cancérogénèse » contient au moins 50 animaux de chaque sexe, tandis que pour la phase « toxicité chronique », chaque groupe contient 10 animaux de chaque sexe. Au moins trois niveaux de dose et un témoin sont utilisés pour chacune des phases « cancérogénèse » et « Toxicité chronique ». Les trois voies d'administration principales sont les voies orales, cutanées, et l’inhalation. La Ligne directrice traite plus particulièrement de la voie orale. La durée de l'étude est normalement de 12 mois pour la phase « toxicité chronique » et de 24 mois pour la phase « cancérogénèse ». Le rapport d’étude inclut des mesures (pesée) et observations détaillées régulières (examen hématologique, analyse d'urine, chimie clinique), tout comme des procédures d'autopsie et l'histopathologie. Toutes ces observations permettent la détection des effets néoplasiques et la détermination du potentiel cancérigène, ainsi que la détermination de la toxicité générale.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264071230-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement : Égypte (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264034648
    Sprache: Französisch
    Ausgabe: 2007
    Serie: Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement
    Schlagwort(e): Ägypten ; Investitionsförderung
    URL: Volltext
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Work Management to Optimise Occupational Radiological Protection at Nuclear Power Plants (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264106857
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Serie: Radiological Protection
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear Energy
    Kurzfassung: Since 1992, the Information System on Occupational Exposure (ISOE) has provided a forum for radiological protection professionals from nuclear power utilities and national regulatory authorities worldwide to discuss, promote and co-ordinate international co-operative undertakings for the radiological protection of workers at nuclear power plants. The ISOE objective is to improve occupational exposure management at nuclear power plants by exchanging relevant information, data and experience on methods to optimise occupational radiological protection. This report on work management provides practical guidance on the application of work management principles as a contribution to the optimisation of occupational radiological protection. It recognises that while work management is no longer a new concept, continued efforts are needed to ensure that good performance, outcomes and trends are maintained in the face of current and future challenges. The focus of this report is therefore on presenting the key aspects of work management that should be considered by management and workers to save time, doses and money, supported by updated practical examples from within the ISOE community.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264106857-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Guidance Document on Overview of Residue Chemistry Studies (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264614574
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (93 p.)
    Serie: Series on Pesticides and Biocides no.32
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: This Overview Guidance Document summarises the major guidance aspects provided in the OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 5. This document also develops an approach for a Global Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) process to achieve use of a single globally acceptable feeding study for MRL setting and risk assessment for livestock food commodities that involves four key components: 1) Harmonised Guidance for the Definition of Residue; 2) Reasonable Worst Case Animal Diets/Maximum Reasonably Balanced Diet; 3) Harmonised Table of Livestock Feed Commodities; and 4) Definition of Reasonable Worst Case Livestock Feeding Levels. Each of these components is described and supported by the following resources: (i) a table of raw agricultural commodities; (ii) national and regional tables of livestock feedstuffs; (iii) a glossary of Terms; (iv) comprehensive submission criteria for supervised field trials in support of registration in all OECD countries; and (v) instructions for calculating the 1x (lowest dose) pesticide oral administration level for livestock feeding studies, taking into account the various livestock diets around the world.
    DOI: 10.1787/226617da-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 11
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Specialised Anti-Corruption Institutions : Review of Models (Russian version) (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264062238
    Sprache: Russisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (143 p)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Specialised Anti-Corruption Institutions; Review of Models
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Specialised Anti-Corruption Institutions; Review of Models (Ukrainian version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Specialised Anti-Corruption Institutions: Review of Models
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Specialised Anti-Corruption Institutions: Review of Models (Ukrainian version)
    Schlagwort(e): Governance
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264062238-ru
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Régions et gouvernement central : Des contrats pour le développement régional (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264007680
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (216 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Linking Regions and Central Governments; Contracts for Regional Development
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Linking Regions and Central Governments: Contracts for Regional Development
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Canada ; France ; Germany ; Italy ; Spain
    Kurzfassung: La décentralisation s’est accrue et cela a renforcé la responsabilité des niveaux de gouvernement infranationaux dans la fourniture d’un ensemble de biens et services publics. Cependant, il est très rare qu’ils agissent de manière indépendante. Cet ouvrage fournit un cadre analytique unique permettant d’évaluer les accords pluriniveaux, qui est ensuite appliqué à cinq cas nationaux de politique de développement régional : l’Allemagne, le Canada, l’Espagne, la France et l’Italie. Cette étude souligne l’importance des arrangements contractuels pour adapter localement les interdépendances entre acteurs publics, pour clarifier leurs responsabilités, établir un dialogue entre les parties et permettre l’apprentissage.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264007680-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 13
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Research and Test Facilities Required in Nuclear Science and Technology (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264106840
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Serie: Nuclear Science
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear Energy
    Kurzfassung: Experimental facilities are essential research tools both for the development of nuclear science and technology and for testing systems and materials which are currently being used or will be used in the future. As a result of economic pressures and the closure of older facilities, there are concerns that the ability to undertake the research necessary to maintain and to develop nuclear science and technology may be in jeopardy. An NEA expert group with representation from ten member countries, the International Atomic Energy Agency and the European Commission has reviewed the status of those research and test facilities of interest to the NEA Nuclear Science Committee. They include facilities relating to nuclear data measurement, reactor development, neutron scattering, neutron radiography, accelerator-driven systems, transmutation, nuclear fuel, materials, safety, radiochemistry, partitioning and nuclear process heat for hydrogen production. This report contains the expert group’s detailed assessment of the current status of these nuclear research facilities and makes recommendations on how future developments in the field can be secured through the provision of high-quality, modern facilities. It also describes the online database which has been established by the expert group which includes more than 700 facilities.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264106840-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 14
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Nuclear Fuel Cycle Transition Scenario Studies : Status Report (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264107083
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Serie: Nuclear Science
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear Energy
    Kurzfassung: Future nuclear fuel cycles could effectively address radioactive waste issues with the implementation of partitioning and transmutation (P&T). Previous studies have defined the infrastructure requirements for several key technical approaches. While these studies have proven extremely valuable, several countries have also recognised the complex, dynamic nature of the infrastructure problem: severe new issues arise when attempting to transit from current open or partially closed cycles to a final equilibrium or burn-down mode. While the issues are country-specific when addressed in detail, it is believed that there exists a series of generic issues related only to the current situation and to the desired end point. These issues are critical to implementing a sustainable nuclear energy infrastructure. The present report focuses on the definition of key issues, the assessment of technologies and national scenario assessments.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264107083-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 15
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Farmland Conversion : The Spatial Dimension of Agricultural and Land Use Policies (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264679542 , 9789264340008 , 9789264415522
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (64 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Environment
    Kurzfassung: Land is a key input into agricultural production and the agricultural sector remains the main user of rural land in most OECD countries. How land is managed in agriculture, and the conversion of farmland to non-agricultural uses, are likely to have implications not only for the provision of food, but also for the supply of public goods such as rural amenities, as well as for the quantity and quality of water. Changes in agricultural, agri-environmental, land-use, and regional policies – together with factors such as climate and demographic changes – increasingly affect land use and management choices. This report examines the impact of several policies on farmland conversion using a combination of economic analysis and empirical case studies.
    DOI: 10.1787/ae50672e-en
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  • 16
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    OECD Rural Policy Reviews: Spain 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Ausgabe: 2009
    Serie: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Spain
    Schlagwort(e): Spanien ; Ländliche Entwicklung ; Entwicklungsplanung ; Spanien ; Ländliche Entwicklung ; Regionalpolitik
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060074-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 17
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    OECD Rural Policy Reviews: Spain 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Ausgabe: 2009
    Serie: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Spain
    Schlagwort(e): Spanien ; Ländliche Entwicklung ; Entwicklungsplanung ; Spanien ; Ländliche Entwicklung ; Regionalpolitik
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060074-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 18
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    OECD Rural Policy Reviews: Spain 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060074
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (300 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Spain
    Schlagwort(e): Spanien ; Ländliche Entwicklung ; Entwicklungsplanung ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Spain
    Kurzfassung: The radical transformation that Spanish rural areas have experienced in the past few decades suggest, as it has occurred in many OECD countries, a new approach to rural policy. Spain has recently undertaken a major reform of its rural policies, including the merger of the Ministry of Agriculture with the Ministry of the Environment and the recently approved Law on Sustainable Development of Rural Areas. This new framework creates a multi-sectoral and place-based “rural policy of state”, making Spain better equipped to address the challenges and opportunities of rural areas. This report – undertaken at the same time as the reforms were being implemented – will interest both policy makers engaged in similar reform processes and others working on issues such the “political economy” of reforms, rural tourism, renewable energies, rural clusters, development of peri-urban areas and public service delivery in remote rural areas.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060074-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 19
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    International Migration : The Human Face of Globalisation (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264107113 , 9789264055780
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (172 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Insights
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Les migrations internationales ; Le visage humain de la mondialisation
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Internationale Migration; Die menschliche Seite der Globalisierung
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Keeley, Brian International migration
    RVK:
    MS 1560
    RVK:
    MS 3600
    RVK:
    QU 400
    Schlagwort(e): OECD ; Internationale Migration ; Welt ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Internationale Migration ; Geschichte ; Globalisierung ; Bedeutung ; Rolle ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Einwanderer ; Überweisung ; Braindrain ; Wirtschaftsindikator ; Sozialer Indikator ; Entwicklung ; Tendenz ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Entwicklungsländer ; OECD ; Internationale Migration ; Globalisierung
    Kurzfassung: About 190 million people around the world live outside their country of birth. These migrants bring energy, entrepreneurship and fresh ideas to our societies. But there are downsides: young migrants who fail in education, adults who don’t find work and, of course, unregulated migration. Such challenges can make migration a political lightning rod and a topic for angry debate. Drawing on the unique expertise of the OECD,this book moves beyond rhetoric to look at the realities of international migration today: Where do migrants come from and where do they go? How do governments manage migration? How well do migrants perform in education and in the workforce? And does migration help – or hinder – developing countries?
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264055780-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 20
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Managing Water for All : An OECD Perspective on Pricing and Financing - Key Messages for Policy Makers (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060548
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (35 p)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. De l'eau pour tous ; Perspectives de l'OCDE sur la tarification et le financement - Messages clés pour les décideurs
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. De l'eau pour tous : Perspectives de l'OCDE sur la tarification et le financement - Messages clés pour les décideurs
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: Water is vital for human and economic development, and for maintaining ecosystems. However, billions of people lack access to water and sanitation services, mainly due to poor governance and inadequate investment and maintenance. The situation is becoming more urgent due to increasing pressure, competition and even conflict over the use of water resources. The OECD has been working for many years to address these challenges. The results of recent work are summarised in Managing Water for All: An OECD Perspective on Pricing and Financing, which emphasises the economic and financial aspects of water resources management and water service provision, the need for an integrated approach (including governance considerations) to address these complex policy challenges, and the importance of establishing a firm evidence base to support policy development and implementation. The report examines: strategic financial planning for water supply and sanitation that balances the key sources of revenues for the water sector – the“3Ts” of taxes, tariffs and transfers; the design and implementation of water pricing strategies that balance financial sustainability with other policy objectives; recent developments in private sector participation in the water sector; and trends and the future outlook of water use in agriculture. It considers both developing and OECD countries and offers concrete recommendations and checklists for action. The report is an invaluable resource for policy makers, academics, NGOs and all others interested in the challenges facing the water sector today. The key messages for policy makers are summarised in this volume.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060548-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 21
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Essai n 437 : Méthode d'essai d'opacité et de perméabilité de la cornée bovine pour l'identification de substances corrosives et fortement irritantes pour l'œil (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076297
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (19 p)
    Serie: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Test No. 437; Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test Method for Identifying Ocular Corrosives and Severe Irritants
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Test No. 437: Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test Method for Identifying Ocular Corrosives and Severe Irritants
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: La méthode d’essai d’opacité et de perméabilité de la cornée bovine pour l’identification de substances corrosives et fortement irritantes pour l’œil (OPCB) est une méthode d’essai in vitro pouvant être utilisée pour classer des substances parmi les substances « corrosives et fortement irritantes pour l’œil ». La méthode OPCB utilise des cornées isolées provenant d’yeux de bovins abattus à des fins commerciales, évitant ainsi l’utilisation d’animaux de laboratoire. Chaque groupe de traitement (substance d’essai et témoins négatifs et positifs) est composé de trois yeux au minimum, dont la cornée a été prélevée et placée dans la chambre d’un porte-cornée. En fonction des propriétés physico-chimiques de la substance d’essai, différentes méthodes peuvent être utilisées pour l’appliquer, mais il est important que la substance recouvre bien la surface épithéliale. Les effets toxiques pour la cornée sont estimés à partir des mesures de son opacité et de sa perméabilité, qui une fois combinées, fournissent le score d’irritation in vivo (SIIV) pour chaque groupe de traitement. Une substance qui induit un SIIV≥ 55.1 est classée « corrosive ou fortement irritante ».
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076297-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 22
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Modèle de convention fiscale concernant le revenu et la fortune 2008 : Version abrégée -- Juillet (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264048218
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: 2008
    Schlagwort(e): Doppelbesteuerung ; Einkommensteuer ; Kapitalertragsteuer ; Richtlinie ; OECD OECD-Musterabkommen zur Vermeidung der Doppelbesteuerung
    DOI: 10.1787/mtc_cond-2008-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 23
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Test No. 437: Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test Method for Identifying Ocular Corrosives and Severe Irritants (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076303
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (18 p)
    Serie: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 437 ; Méthode d'essai d'opacité et de perméabilité de la cornée bovine pour l'identification de substances corrosives et fortement irritantes pour l'œil
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 437 : Méthode d'essai d'opacité et de perméabilité de la cornée bovine pour l'identification de substances corrosives et fortement irritantes pour l'œil
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: The Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability test method (BCOP) is an in vitro test method that can be used to classify substances as 'ocular corrosives and severe irritants'. The BCOP uses isolated corneas from the eyes of cattle slaughtered for commercial purposes, thus avoiding the use of laboratory animals. Each treatment group (test substance, negative/positive controls) consists of a minimum of three eyes where the cornea has been excised and mounted to a holder. Depending on the physical nature and chemical characteristics of the test substance, different methods can be used for its application since the critical factor is ensuring that the test substance adequately covers the epithelial surface. Toxic effects to the cornea are measured as opacity and permeability, which when combined gives an In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS) for each treatment group. A substance that induces an IVIS superior or equal to 55.1 is defined as a corrosive or severe irritant.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076303-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 24
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Managing Water for All : An OECD Perspective on Pricing and Financing (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059498
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (148 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Studies on Water
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. De l'eau pour tous ; Perspectives de l'OCDE sur la tarification et le financement
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. OECD Managing water for all
    DDC: 338.4/336361
    RVK:
    QT 600
    Schlagwort(e): Wasser ; Wasserversorgung ; Wasserpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Environmental impact charges / OECD countries / Statistics ; Water quality management / OECD countries / Finance ; Environment ; OECD ; Wasser ; Wasserversorgung ; Finanzierung
    Kurzfassung: Water is a key prerequisite for human and economic development, and for maintaining ecosystems. However, billions of people lack access to water and sanitation services, mainly due to poor governance and inadequate investment and maintenance. This report, which emphasises the economic and financial aspects of water resources management and water service provision, the need for an integrated approach (including governance considerations) to address these complex policy challenges, and the importance of establishing a firm evidence base to support policy development and implementation, summarises the results of OECD work in this area.
    Anmerkung: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: De l'eau pour tous
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264059498-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 25
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Managing Risk in Agriculture : A Holistic Approach (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264075313
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Gestion des risques dans l'agriculture ; Une approche holistique
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. Managing risk in agriculture
    RVK:
    ZB 91200
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture Economic aspects ; Agriculture and Food ; OECD ; Landwirtschaft ; Risikomanagement ; Strategisches Management ; Agrarpolitik ; Konzeption
    Kurzfassung: The sources of risk in agriculture are numerous and diverse, ranging from events related to climate and weather conditions to animal diseases; from changes in agriculture commodities prices to changes in fertilizer and other input prices; and from financial uncertainties to policy and regulatory risks. Agricultural risks are not independent, but rather are linked both to each other and as part of a system that includes all available instruments, strategies and policies designed to manage risk. A holistic approach is thus necessary. This book examines the current magnitude and characteristics of risk-related policies in agriculture and what is known about the quantitative size of agricultural risks. It looks at the on-farm, off-farm, and market instruments available to manage risk, and it explains how the holistic approach helps clarify the role of governments.
    Anmerkung: Franz. Ausg. u. d. T.: Gestion des risques dans l'agriculture : une approache holistique
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264075313-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 26
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education: Spain 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264039360
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Serie: OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Spain
    Kurzfassung: With tertiary education increasingly seen as a fundamental pillar for economic growth, these systems must now address the pressures of a globalising economy and labour market. This review, designed to help Spain understand how improving tertiary education can help it achieve its economic and social goals, presents an overview of Spain's tertiary education system, an account of trends and developments, an analysis of strengths and challenges, and recommendation for future development.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264039360-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 27
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Money Laundering through the Football Sector (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073579
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (42 p)
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment
    Kurzfassung: This report is based on four main sources: an extensive literature review, the analysis of theanswers to a questionnaire sent to FATF and FSRB members; the results of a typology workshop andsubsequent consultation with the football sector. Results to the questionnaire were obtained in October 2008 from 25 countries, mostly European,seven South-American countries, two from Asia and Australia. The responding countries differ widely insize, role and organisation of football in society (ranging from large countries with big football leagues tosmaller nations or nations with only non-professional football). Differences in information, position andinterest in the person or organisation that provided the answers (national football association, governmentrepresentatives, national FIUs, the police or judicial authorities) needed to be taken into consideration aswell.Following the analysis of questionnaires, a workshop on money laundering and the footballsector was held in Monaco in November 2008 as part of the 2008 FATF/MONEYVAL Typologiesmeeting. This workshop was very well supported by members of the FATF, MONEYVAL andrepresentatives of other countries. The following participants were involved in the 2-day breakout sessionwhich considered issues in depth: Belgium, Brazil, Cyprus, Egmont Group, France, International OlympicCommittee (IOC), Ireland, Italy, Monaco, Norway, Russia, Slovenia, South Africa, Switzerland, theNetherlands and the United Kingdom.The study has also relied on the experience and cooperation of the private sector. Arepresentative of the IOC attended the Monaco workshop in November 2008. Consultation withrepresentatives of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) and of the Union ofEuropean Football Associations (UEFA) also took place in January and April 2009. Those representativesreceived a copy of the report and were given the opportunity to comment. All the comments of the private sector were taken into account when considered relevant.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073579-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 28
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Handbook on Deriving Capital Measures of Intellectual Property Products (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264079205
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Handbook on Deriving Capital Measures of Intellectual Property Products; (Korean version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Handbook on Deriving Capital Measures of Intellectual Property Products: (Korean version)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Handbook on deriving capital measures of intellectual property products
    RVK:
    QI 200
    Schlagwort(e): Immaterialgüterrechte ; Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnung ; Economics ; Immaterialgut ; Immaterielles Wirtschaftsgut ; Messung ; System of National Accounts ; Kapitalbildung
    Kurzfassung: The latest System of National Accounts (the 2008 SNA) explicitly recognises, for the first time, that expenditures on research and experimental development (R&D) should be recorded as capital formation. This is a natural extension to the 1993 SNA, which recommends recording many acquisitions of software and databases, mineral exploration, and entertainment, artistic and literary originals as capital formation, too. These products have a common characteristic, namely that their value reflects the underlying intellectual property they embody, which is why they are referred to collectively in this publication as intellectual property products (IPPs). But they also share another important characteristic: their measurement is not straightforward, and in the absence of clear guidance it is highly likely that estimates will not be comparable between countries. This Handbook is designed to provide that guidance by considering IPPs collectively, based on their common characteristics, by type, based on any specificities, such as data availability, and by detailed transaction - for example the valuation of IPPs that have been produced for internal use by their developers, the valuation of unsuccessful IPPs, and the production of IPPs produced and made freely available by government.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264079205-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 29
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Innovation in Firms : A Microeconomic Perspective (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056213
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (224 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD innovation strategy
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. Innovation in firms
    RVK:
    QP 210
    Schlagwort(e): Innovationsmanagement ; Innovation ; Mikrodaten ; OECD-Staaten ; Creative ability in business ; Technological innovations Economic aspects ; Science and Technology ; Unternehmen ; Innovation ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Datenanalyse
    Kurzfassung: Innovation has become a key factor for economic growth, but how does the process take place at the level of individual firms? This book presents the main results of the OECD Innovation Microdata Project -- the first large-scale effort to exploit firm-level data from innovation surveys across 20 countries in an internationally harmonised way, with a view to addressing common analytical questions. Through the use of common indicators and econometric modeling, this analytical report presents a broad overview of how firms innovate in different countries, highlights some of the limitations of current innovation surveys, and identifies directions for future research.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264056213-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 30
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    OECD Patent Statistics Manual (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056442
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (158 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Manuel de l'OCDE sur les statistiques des brevets
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Manual de estadísticas de patentes de la OCDE
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD patent statistics manual
    RVK:
    QP 215
    RVK:
    QR 360
    Schlagwort(e): Patent ; Datenerhebung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Anleitung ; Patent ; Statistik
    Kurzfassung: This 2009 edition of the OECD Patent Statistics Manual takes stock of the recent developments in the field. It provides guiding principles for the use of patent data in the context of S&T measurement, and recommendations for the compilation and interpretation of patent indicators in this context. It aims to show what patent statistics can and cannot be used for, and how to count patents in order to maximise information on S&T activities while minimising statistical noise and biases. Finally, it describes how patent data can be used in the analysis of a wide array of topics related to technical change and patenting activity including industry-science linkages, patenting strategies by companies, internationalisation of research, and indicators on the value of patents.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264056442-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 31
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    Online-Ressource
    OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education: China 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264039346
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Serie: OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; China, People’s Republic
    Kurzfassung: In many OECD countries, tertiary education systems have experienced rapid growth over the last decade. With tertiary education increasingly seen as a fundamental pillar for economic growth, these systems must now address the pressures of a globalising economy and labour market. Within governance frameworks that encourage institutions, individually and collectively, to fulfil multiple missions, tertiary education systems must aim for the broad objectives of growth, full employment and social cohesion. In this context, the OECD launched a major review of tertiary education with the participation of 24 nations. The principal objective of the review is to assist countries in understanding how the organisation, management and delivery of tertiary education can help them achieve their economic and social goals. China is one of 14 countries which opted to host a Country Review, in which a team of external reviewers carried out an in-depth analysis of tertiary education policies. This report includes: an overview of China's tertiary education system; an account of trends and developments in tertiary education in China; an analysis of the strengths and challenges in tertiary education in China; and recommendations for future policy development. This review of tertiary education in China forms part of the OECD Thematic Review of Tertiary Education, a project conducted between 2004 and 2008.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264039346-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 32
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education: Finland 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264049048
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (154 p.)
    Serie: OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Finland
    Kurzfassung: With tertiary education increasingly seen as a fundamental pillar for economic growth, these systems must now address the pressures of a globalising economy and labour market. This book provides an overview of Finland's tertiary education system including an account of recent trends and developments, an analysis of the strengths and challenges, and recommendations for future policy development.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264049048-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 33
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Measuring Government Activity (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060784
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (131 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. Measuring government activity
    DDC: 352
    RVK:
    MF 6500
    Schlagwort(e): Öffentlicher Sektor ; Messung ; OECD-Staaten ; Government productivity Measurement ; Public administration Evaluation ; Governance ; Regierung ; Verwaltungshandeln ; Messung ; Regierung ; Verwaltungshandeln ; Messung
    Kurzfassung: The size and the economic significance of the public sector make it a major contributor to economic growth and social welfare. The goods and services government provides, its redistributive and regulatory powers, and how those are exercised affect the way business is conducted and people live their lives in every country. Citizens are entitled to understand how government works and how public revenues are used. This book provides a significant contribution to developing a coherent, reliable system for data collection and analysis. It summarises the available OECD and other international data on public sector inputs and processes. It also examines the existing internationally comparable data on outputs and outcomes, and recommends new approaches to measurement.
    Anmerkung: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Mesurer l'activité des administrations
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060784-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 34
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    Online-Ressource
    Estudio de la OCDE sobre el proceso presupuestario en México (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264075962
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Journal on Budgeting, Volume 2009 Supplement 1; OECD Review of Budgeting in Mexico
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Journal on Budgeting, Volume 2009 Supplement 1: OECD Review of Budgeting in Mexico
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Mexico
    Kurzfassung: A lo largo de la última década, México ha experimentado una reforma económica y política significativa. Durante este periodo se han registrado importantes mejoras en la salud de las finanzas públicas que deja a México en mejor postura para soportar la actual crisis económica global. Desde 2006 el gobierno mexicano ha avanzado con la aprobación de una serie de leyes y reformas dirigidas a enfrentar los retos estructurales, mejorar la responsabilidad y transparencia fiscales, y crear un proceso y un marco presupuestarios más eficientes y transparentes en línea con las prácticas internacionales. El informe comenta las recientes reformas en México y los sistemas actuales para la formulación del presupuesto, la función del Congreso, la ejecución del presupuesto y la gestión financiera, así como la rendición de cuentas de los resultados (presupuesto basado en resultados). Además, el informe formula propuestas para futuras reformas.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264075962-es
    URL: Volltext
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  • 35
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    Online-Ressource
    Governing Regional Development Policy : The Use of Performance Indicators (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056299
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (196 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Multi-level Governance Studies
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Conduire les politiques de développement régional ; Les indicateurs de performance
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. Governing regional development policy
    RVK:
    QY 000
    Schlagwort(e): Regionalpolitik ; Regional planning ; Regional planning Case studies ; Regional economics ; Regional economics Case studies ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Graue Literatur ; OECD ; Regionalpolitik ; Anreizsystem ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Kurzfassung: This report examines both the challenges and the opportunities associated with designing and using indicator systems as a tool for the governance of regional development policy. It draws on the experiences of a number of OECD countries and provides an in-depth look at the cases of Italy, the United Kingdom (England), the United States and the European Union. It builds on previous OECD work on the governance of regional development policy by extending lessons about contractual relations among levels of government to performance indicator systems.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264056299-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 36
    Online-Ressource
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    An Appraisal of the Chilean Fisheries Sector (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073951
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Políticas de pesca y acuicultura de Chile ; Informe de base
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. An appraisal of the Chilean fisheries sector
    Schlagwort(e): Fisheries Chile ; Agriculture and Food ; Chile ; Chile ; Fischerei ; Aquakultur
    Kurzfassung: Chile is one of the major players in the world fishing scene. But during the past fifty years, Chile has had to face issues of over-investment, sharp declines in catch levels, disputes among stakeholders, fleet downsizing, and aquaculture diseases, among others. This report describes the challenging and complex learning process that the Chilean fisheries and aquaculture sector has undergone and the evolution of its policies and management systems. Governance of the industrial, artisanal and aquaculture industries has followed different paths of policy development and current management reflects the particular pressures confronting each segment of the sector. And policy evolution continues, with a range of initiatives underway to meet the current challenges. The Chilean state has been one of the main forces behind these developments, laying the foundation for a strong and robust fisheries and aquaculture sector.
    Anmerkung: Span. Ausg. u.d.T.: Políticas de pesca y acuicultura de Chile
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073951-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 37
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    Online-Ressource
    OECD Rural Policy Reviews: China 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059573
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (258 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als China
    Schlagwort(e): Ländliche Entwicklung ; Entwicklungsplanung ; China ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; China, People’s Republic
    Kurzfassung: With more than 700 million residents living in rural areas, China is still a predominantly rural country. But despite substantial improvements in standards of living, the Chinese countryside is largely lagging behind. This report analyses the key socio-economic forces at work in China's rural areas and discusses the current government strategy for rural development. It argues that in order to bridge rural-urban divides the current policy approach needs to go further in recognising rural-urban complementarities beyond agriculture and that food-security targets need to be balanced with wider rural development objectives.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264059573-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 38
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    OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060326
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (65 p)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Les Principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: The revised OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises were adopted by the governments of the 30 Member countries of the OECD and Argentina, Brazil and Chile on the occasion of the OECD's annual Council meeting at Ministerial level in Paris on 27 June 2000. This booklet comprises the revised text and commentary, implementation procedures and the Declaration on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060326-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 39
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    Test No. 436: Acute Inhalation Toxicity Acute Toxic Class Method (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076037
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (27 p)
    Serie: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 436 ; Toxicité aigue͏̈ par inhalation - Méthode par classe de toxicité aigue͏̈
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 436 : Toxicité aigue͏̈ par inhalation Méthode par classe de toxicité aigue͏̈
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: The method described by this Test Guideline provides information that allows hazard assessment for short-term exposure to a test article by inhalation, and allows the substance to be classified according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). The test method is based on a stepwise procedure, each step using 3 animals of each sex (the preferred species is rat). Animals are exposed in inhalation chambers to a pre-defined concentration for 4 hours. Absence or presence of compound-related mortality of the animals at one step will determine the next step. Animals in severe pain or distress should be humanely killed. The starting concentration is selected from one of four fixed levels corresponding to GHS categories 1-4 for gases, vapours or aerosols. Animals are observed daily for clinical signs of toxicity for a total of at least 14 days. Animals' body weights should be determined at least weekly. All the animals should be subjected to gross necropsy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076037-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 40
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    Inshell Hazelnuts : = Noisettes en coque (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264066304
    Sprache: Mehrsprachig
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (60 p.)
    Serie: International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food
    Kurzfassung: This publication provides comments and illustrations of standards in force regarding the classification, presentation and marking of inshell hazelnuts in international trade under the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables set up by OECD in 1962. It is a valuable tool for both the Inspection Authorities and professional bodies responsible for the application of standards or interested in trade in Inshell Hazelnuts.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264066304-en-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 41
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    Test No. 455: The Stably Transfected Human Estrogen Receptor-alpha Transcriptional Activation Assay for Detection of Estrogenic Agonist-Activity of Chemicals (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076372
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (16 p)
    Serie: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 455 ; Essai d'activation transcriptionnelle faisant intervenir le récepteur d'œstrogène alpha humain transfecté de façon stable pour la détection de l'activité œstrogénique agoniste des substances testées
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 455 : Essai d'activation transcriptionnelle faisant intervenir le récepteur d'œstrogène alpha humain transfecté de façon stable pour la détection de l'activité œstrogénique agoniste des substances testées
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: This Test Guideline describes an in vitro assay, which provides mechanistical information, and can be used for screening and prioritization purposes. The test system utilises the hERalpha-HeLa-9903 cell line derived from a human cervical tumor and stably transfected. This cell line can measure the ability of a test chemical to induce hERalpha-mediated transactivation of luciferase gene expression. The cells are exposed to 7 non-cytotoxic concentrations of the test chemical for 20-24 hours to induce the reporter gene products. Four reference chemicals should be included in each experiment: a strong estrogen (17beta-estradiol), a weak estrogen (17alpha-estradiol), a very weak estrogen (17alpha-methyltestosterone) and a negative control (corticosterone). The activity of the luciferase enzyme is measured in a luminometer. A test chemical is considered to be positive if the maximum response induced is equal to or exceeds 10% of the response of the positive control (1 nM 17alpha-estradiol) in at least two of two or two of three runs. Software to be used with TG 425, 432, 455. Click here. Software not part of the Mutual Acceptance of Data.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076372-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 42
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    OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education: Japan 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264039322
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (127 p.)
    Serie: OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Japan
    Kurzfassung: In many OECD countries, tertiary education systems have experienced rapid growth over the last decade. With tertiary education increasingly seen as a fundamental pillar for economic growth, these systems must now address the pressures of a globalising economy and labour market. Within governance frameworks that encourage institutions, individually and collectively, to fulfil multiple missions, tertiary education systems must aim for the broad objectives of growth, full employment and social cohesion. In this context, the OECD launched a major review of tertiary education with the participation of 24 nations. The principal objective of the review is to assist countries in understanding how the organisation, management and delivery of tertiary education can help them achieve their economic and social goals. Japan is one of 14 countries which opted to host a Country Review, in which a team of external reviewers carried out an in-depth analysis of tertiary education policies. This report includes: an overview of Japan's tertiary education system; an account of trends and developments in tertiary education in Japan; an analysis of the strengths and challenges in tertiary education in Japan; and recommendations for future policy development. This review of tertiary education in Japan forms part of the OECD Thematic Review of Tertiary Education, a project conducted between 2004 and 2008.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264039322-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 43
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    Test No. 453: Combined Chronic Toxicity/Carcinogenicity Studies (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264071223
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (20 p.)
    Serie: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 453 ; Études combinées de toxicité chronique et de cancérogénèse
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 453 : Études combinées de toxicité chronique et de cancérogénèse
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: The objective of a combined chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity study is to identify carcinogenic and the majority of chronic effects, and to determine dose-response relationships following prolonged and repeated exposure. The rat is typically used for this study. For rodents, each dose group and concurrent control group intended for the carcinogenicity phase of the study should contain at least 50 animals of each sex, while for the chronic toxicity phase of the study should contain at least 10 animals of each sex. At least three dose levels should be used, in addition to the concurrent control group for both the chronic toxicity phase and the carcinogenicity phase of the study. The three main routes of administration are oral, dermal, and inhalation. The Test Guideline focuses on the oral route of administration. The period of dosing and duration of the study is normally 12 months for the chronic phase, and 24 months for the carcinogenicity phase. The study report should include: measurements (weighing) and regular detailed observations (haematological examination, urinalysis, clinical chemistry), as well as necropsy procedures and histopathology. All these observations permit the detection of neoplastic effects and a determination of carcinogenic potential as well as the general toxicity.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264071223-en
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  • 44
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    OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education: Norway 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264039308
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (98 p.)
    Serie: OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Norway
    Kurzfassung: With tertiary education increasingly seen as a fundamental pillar for economic growth, these systems must now address the pressures of a globalising economy and labour market. This book provides an overview of Norway's tertiary education system including an account of recent trends and developments, an analysis of strengths and challenges, and recommmedations for future policy development.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264039308-en
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  • 45
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    Guidance Manual for the Control of Transboundary Movements of Recoverable Wastes (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060753
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (104 p)
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: This Guidance Manual includes detailed explanations on how to implement the OECD Decision C(2001)107/FINAL, as amended; copies of the Decision C(2001)107/FINAL (Annex A), including Appendices 3 and 4, and Appendix 8 which have been amended by C(2008)156; the updated consolidated lists of waste subject to the Green and Amber control procedures (Annexes B and C); other relevant information to facilitate the implementation of the OECD Decision C(2001)107/FINAL, such as applicable international transport agreements and a sample contract; and queries of the interactive database aiming to facilitate the paperwork of all parties involved in transboundary movements of wastes by providing the necessary information to complete the forms for the notification and movement documents. The database includes the information required by the Decision C(2001)107/FINAL, as amended and some practical information for each OECD member country (http://www2.oecd.org/waste).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060753-en
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  • 46
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    Políticas de pesca y acuicultura de Chile : Informe de base (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264077195
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (158 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. An Appraisal of the Chilean Fisheries Sector
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Chile
    Kurzfassung: Chile es uno de los participantes más importantes del ámbito pesquero internacional. Este informe describe el reto que ha supuesto el complejo proceso de aprendizaje que el sector pesquero y acuícola chileno ha llevado a cabo y la evolución de sus políticas y sistemas de gestión. Pero durante los últimos cincuenta años el gobierno de los sectores industrial, artesanal y acuícola ha seguido diferentes trayectorias de desarrollo de políticas y la gestión actual refleja las presiones concretas a las que cada segmento del sector hace frente. Chile ha tenido que afrontar cuestiones de sobreinversión, severos descensos en los niveles de captura, disputas entre las partes implicadas, disminución del tamaño de las flotas y enfermedades acuícolas, entre otras. Y la evolución de las políticas continúa, con una serie de iniciativas en marcha para responder a los desafíos actuales. El Estado Chileno ha sido una de las principales fuerzas que se encuentran tras estos avances, sirviendo de base para un sector pesquero y acuícola sólido y robusto.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264077195-es
    URL: Volltext
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  • 47
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    Early and Ware Potatoes : = Pommes de terre de primeur et pommes de terre de conservation (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264068391
    Sprache: Mehrsprachig
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (74 p.) , ill.
    Serie: International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food
    Kurzfassung: This publication provides comments and illustrations of standards in force regarding the classification, presentation and marking of potatoes in international trade under the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables set up by OECD in 1962. It is a valuable tool for both the Inspection Authorities and professional bodies responsible for the application of standards or interested in trade in potatoes.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264068391-en-fr
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  • 48
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    Equally prepared for life? : How 15-year-old boys and girls perform in school (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264064072
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (80 p.)
    Serie: PISA
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: This report explores the educational performance and attitudes of males and females during childhood and adolescence. It opens with a general summary of gender differences measured outside of the PISA assessment programme and then considers the knowledge gained about gender-related issues from PISA 2000, PISA 2003 and PISA 2006 when reading, mathematics and science respectively were the major domains of assessment. Among the key findings: in reading in PISA 2000, females significantly outscored males in all countries; in mathematics in PISA 2003, males outscored females somewhat; in the combined science scale in PISA 2006, there was no overall significant difference observed between males and females. However, when examining the various science competencies, knowledge components and attitudes to science, there were some marked differences.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264064072-en
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  • 49
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    The Economics of Climate Change Mitigation : Policies and Options for Global Action beyond 2012 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073616
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (302 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Économie de la lutte contre le changement climatique ; Politiques et options pour une action globale au-delà de 2012
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. The economics of climate change mitigation
    DDC: 530
    RVK:
    QT 800
    Schlagwort(e): Klimawandel ; Klimaschutz ; Entwicklungsländer ; Climatic changes Economic aspects ; Climatic changes Government policy ; Environmental economics ; Environmental policy ; Greenhouse gas mitigation Economic aspects ; Greenhouse gas mitigation Government policy ; Environment ; Entwicklungsländer ; Klimaänderung ; Klimaschutz ; Umweltpolitik ; Soziale Kosten ; Umweltökonomie
    Kurzfassung: Against the background of a projected doubling of world greenhouse gas emissions by mid-century, this book explores feasible ways to abate them at least cost. Through quantitative analysis, it addresses key climate policy issues including: an ideal set of climate policy tools; the size of the economic and environmental costs of incomplete country or sector coverage of climate change mitigation policies; how to concretely develop a global carbon market; the case for, and what can we reasonably expect from, R&D and technology support policies; and the incentives for major emitting countries to join a climate change mitigation agreement.
    Anmerkung: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Économie de la lutte contre le changement climatique
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073616-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 50
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    Overcoming Barriers to Administrative Simplification Strategies : Guidance for Policy Makers (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059726
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (64 p)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Surmonter les obstacles à la mise en œuvre des stratégies de simplification administrative ; Orientations destinées aux décideurs
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Overcoming Barriers to Administrative Simplification Strategies; Guidance for Policy Makers (Arabic version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Surmonter les obstacles à la mise en œuvre des stratégies de simplification administrative : Orientations destinées aux décideurs
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Overcoming Barriers to Administrative Simplification Strategies: Guidance for Policy Makers (Arabic version)
    Schlagwort(e): Governance
    Kurzfassung: Governments face the challenge of rationalising and minimising administrative burdens imposed by bureaucratic requirements. At the same time, they need to use administrative procedures as a source of information and a tool for implementing public policies. Administrative simplification strategies are designed to streamline procedures, reduce complexity, paperwork and uncertainty. This guide draws on the experience of, and policy dialogue between, member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and Middle East and North African countries (MENA). It reviews common barriers to designing and implementing a strategy for administrative simplification and offers 22 approaches to overcome them, providing a synthesis of good practices among policy makers and practitioners working on cutting red tape.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264059726-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 51
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    Test No. 412: Subacute Inhalation Toxicity: 28-Day Study (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070783
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (14 p.)
    Serie: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 412 ; Toxicité subaigüe par inhalation ; étude sur 28 jours
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 412 : Toxicité subaigüe par inhalation : étude sur 28 jours
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: This revised Test Guideline 412 (TG 412) has been designed to fully characterize test article toxicity by the inhalation route following repeated exposure for a limited period of time (28 days), and to provide data for quantitative inhalation risk assessments. It was updated in 2017 to enable the testing and characterisation of effects of nanomaterials tested. Groups of at least 5 male and 5 female rodents are exposed 6 hours per day for 28 days to a) the test chemical at three or more concentration levels, b) filtered air (negative control), and/or c) the vehicle (vehicle control). Animals are generally exposed 5 days per week but exposure for 7 days per week is also allowed. Males and females are always tested, but they may be exposed at different concentration levels if it is known that one sex is more susceptible to a given test article. This guideline allows the study director the flexibility to include satellite (reversibility) groups, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), lung burden (LB) for particles, neurologic tests, and additional clinical pathology and histopathological evaluations in order to better characterize the toxicity of a test chemical.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070783-en
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  • 52
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    Integrating Climate Change Adaptation into Development Co-operation: Policy Guidance (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264054950
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Adaptation au changement climatique et coopération pour le développement ; Document d'orientation
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Integración de la Adaptación en la Cooperación para el Desarrollo ; Guía sobre Políticas
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Integração da Adaptação às Alterações Climáticas na Cooperação para o Desenvolvimento; Guia para o Desenvolvimento de Políticas
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Adaptation au changement climatique et coopération pour le développement : Document d'orientation
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Integración de la Adaptación en la Cooperación para el Desarrollo : Guía sobre Políticas
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Integração da Adaptação às Alterações Climáticas na Cooperação para o Desenvolvimento: Guia para o Desenvolvimento de Políticas
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Integrating climate change adaptation into development co-operation
    DDC: 363.73874
    RVK:
    AR 28300
    Schlagwort(e): Klimawandel ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Environment ; Development ; Klimaänderung ; Entwicklungszusammenarbeit
    Kurzfassung: The negative impacts of climate change will hit poor people and poor countries disproportionately, and further compromise the achievement of their development objectives. Integrating Climate Change Adaptation into Development Co-operation provides essential information and advice on how to facilitate the integration of adaptation into development processes. The objectives of this policy guidance are to: i) promote understanding of the implications of climate change on development practice and the associated need to mainstream climate adaptation in development co-operation agencies and partner countries; ii) identify appropriate approaches for integrating climate change adaptation into development policies at national, sectoral and project levels and in urban and rural contexts; and iii) identify practical ways for donors to support developing country partners in their efforts to reduce their vulnerability to climate variability and climate change. While efforts to integrate climate change adaptation will be led by developing country partners, international donors have a critical role to play in supporting such efforts.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264054950-en
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  • 53
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    Test No. 413: Subchronic Inhalation Toxicity: 90-day Study (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070806
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (15 p.)
    Serie: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 413 ; Toxicité subchronique par inhalation ; 90 jours
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 413 : Toxicité subchronique par inhalation : 90 jours
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: This revised Test Guideline 413 (TG 413) has been designed to fully characterize test article toxicity by the inhalation route following repeated exposure for a period of 90 days, and to provide data for quantitative inhalation risk assessments. It was updated in 2017 to enable the testing and characterisation of effects of nanomaterials tested. Groups of at least 10 male and 10 female rodents are exposed 6 hours per day for 90 days to a) the test chemical at three or more concentration levels, b) filtered air (negative control), and/or c) the vehicle (vehicle control). Animals are generally exposed 5 days per week but exposure for 7 days per week is also allowed. Males and females are always tested, but they may be exposed at different concentration levels if it is known that one sex is more susceptible to a given test chemical. The results of the study include measurement and daily and detailed observations (haematology and clinical chemistry), as well as ophthalmology, gross pathology, organ weights, and histopathology. This Test Guideline allows the flexibility to include satellite (reversibility) groups, interim sacrifices, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), lung burden (LB) for particles, neurologic tests, and additional clinical pathology and histopathological evaluations in order to better characterize the toxicity of a test chemical.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070806-en
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  • 54
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    Pears : = Poires (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264068322
    Sprache: Mehrsprachig
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Serie: International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food
    Kurzfassung: This publication provides comments and illustrations of standards in force regarding the classification, presentation and marking of pears in international trade under the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables set up by OECD in 1962. It is a valuable tool for both the Inspection Authorities and professional bodies responsible for the application of standards or interested in trade in pears.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264068322-en-fr
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  • 55
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    OECD Territorial Reviews: Copenhagen, Denmark 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060036
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (292 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Copenhagen, Denmark
    Schlagwort(e): Stadtwachstum ; Wirtschaftsförderung ; Ballungsraum ; Kopenhagen ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Denmark ; Kopenhagen ; Ballungsraum ; Stadtentwicklung
    Kurzfassung: The Copenhagen metropolitan region accounts for nearly half of Denmark's national output and plays a key role for the country as a whole. Nevertheless, it has witnessed only modest economic growth over the last decade. This review of metropolitan area policy for Copenhagen examines key challenges including modest economic growth, scarcity of skilled workers and barriers to research and development. The report also examines how public institutions affect regional economic growth. Issues considered include: inter-municipal co-operation, local finance, public management, political leadership, and coordination mechanisms between the central government and the region.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060036-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 56
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    Achieving Better Value for Money in Health Care (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264074231
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Serie: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Obtenir un meilleur rapport qualité-prix dans les soins de santé
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Achieving better value for money in health care
    RVK:
    QX 705
    Schlagwort(e): Gesundheitskosten ; Gesundheitsreform ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Gesundheitspolitik
    Kurzfassung: Rising public health care spending remains a problem in virtually all OECD and EU member countries. As a consequence, there is growing interest in policies that will ease this pressure through improved health system performance. This report examines selected policies that may help countries better achieve the goal of improved health system efficiency and thus better value for money. Drawing on multinational data sets and case studies, it examines a range policy instruments. These include: the role of competition in health markets; the scope for improving care coordination; better pharmaceutical pricing policies; greater quality control supported by stronger information and communication technology in health care; and increased cost sharing.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264074231-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 57
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    Engaging with High Net Worth Individuals on Tax Compliance (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264068872
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (110 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Engaging with high net worth individuals on tax compliance
    RVK:
    QL 410
    Schlagwort(e): Finanzverwaltung ; Steuermoral ; OECD-Staaten ; Taxation ; Reichtum ; Individuum ; Steuermoral ; Steuerpolitik
    Kurzfassung: High Net Worth Individuals (HNWIs) pose significant challenges to tax administrations due to the complexity of their affairs, their revenue contribution, the opportunity for aggressive tax planning, and the impact of their compliance behaviour on the integrity of the tax system. This publication examines in detail this taxpayer segment, describes their usage of aggressive tax planning schemes and proposes prevention, detection and response strategies that tax administrations can use to respond to these challenges. It also addresses aspects of voluntary disclosure initiatives for past non-compliance that may be particularly pertinent in the current environment. The publication outlines a number of innovative approaches to enable governments to better manage the risks involved with marketed tax schemes and tailor-made arrangements. To improve compliance, tax administrations could consider changing the structure of their operations to focus resources effectively, for example, through the creation of a dedicated HNWI unit. Other recommendations include creating the appropriate legal framework, exploring forms of co-operative compliance and engaging more in international co-operation, at both the strategic and operational level.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264068872-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 58
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    Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes: United States 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264075290
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Serie: Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als United States
    DDC: 331.34
    RVK:
    QG 620
    RVK:
    QV 221
    Schlagwort(e): Junge Arbeitskräfte ; USA ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United States ; USA ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Jugendarbeitslosigkeit ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik
    Kurzfassung: First experiences on the labour market have a profound influence on later working life. This report on the United States contains a survey of the main barriers to employment for young people, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to improve the transition from school-to-work, and a set of policy recommendations for further action.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264075290-en
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  • 59
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    Clusters, Innovation and Entrepreneurship (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264044326
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (234 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Pôles de compétitivité, innovation et entrepreneuriat
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Clusters, innovation and entrepreneurship
    RVK:
    QG 000
    Schlagwort(e): Regionales Cluster ; Innovation ; Entrepreneurship ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Cluster ; Innovation ; Entrepreneurship
    Kurzfassung: This publication explores the success of major innovation and entrepreneurship clusters in OECD countries, the challenges they now face in sustaining their positions and the lessons for other places seeking to build successful clusters. What are the key factors for cluster success? What problems are emerging on the horizon? Which is the appropriate role of the public sector in supporting the expansion of clusters and overcoming the obstacles? The book addresses these and other issues, analysing seven internationally reputed clusters in depth: Grenoble in France, Vienna in Austria, Waterloo in Canada, Dunedin in New Zealand, Medicon Valley in Scandinavia, Oxfordshire in the United Kingdom, and Madison, Wisconsin, in the United States. For each cluster, it looks at the factors that have contributed to its growth, the impact of the cluster on local entrepreneurship performance, and the challenges faced for further expansion. It also puts forward a set of policy recommendations geared to the broader context of cluster development. This publication is essential reading for policy makers, practitioners and academics wishing to obtain good practices in cluster development and guidance on how to enhance the economic impact of clusters.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264044326-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 60
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    Transport Energy and CO2 : Moving towards Sustainability (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073173
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (416 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Transport, energy and CO 2
    DDC: 628.5/32
    RVK:
    AR 27700
    Schlagwort(e): Verkehr ; Kraftstoff ; Treibhausgas-Emissionen ; Welt ; Energy ; OECD ; Verkehrspolitik ; Klimaschutz ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Kurzfassung: Car ownership is set to triple by 2050, trucking activity will double and air travel could increase fourfold. This book examines how to enable mobility without accelerating climate change. It finds that if we change the way we travel, adopt technologies to improve vehicle efficiency and shift to low-CO2 fuels, we can move onto a different pathway where transport CO2 emissions by 2050 are far below current levels, at costs that are lower than many assume. The report discusses the prospects for shifting more travel to the most efficient modes and reducing travel growth rates, improving vehicle fuel efficiency by up to 50% using cost-effective, incremental technologies, and moving toward electricity, hydrogen, and advanced biofuels to achieve a more secure and sustainable transport future. If governments implement strong policies to achieve this scenario, transport can play its role and dramatically reduce CO2 emissions by 2050.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073173-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 61
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    IEA Scoreboard 2009 : 35 Key Energy Trends over 35 Years (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264063785
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Schlagwort(e): Energy
    Kurzfassung: Measuring and assessing how much has been done by member countries over the years to follow their underlying principles is not an easy task. Each country is unique in terms of economy, geography, climate, energy resources, etc. Taking into account some of these specificities, the IEA Scoreboard 2009 compares what has been achieved by member countries in diversifying their energy mix, in promoting non-fossil fuels and energy efficiency, in encouraging research and development, and, more generally, in creating a policy framework consistent with their shared policy goals. Since the IEA Scoreboard 2009 is published in conjunction with the 35th anniversary of the IEA, 35 themes, ranging from diversification to prices, show how IEA countries have performed in their efforts to attain energy security, environmental protection and economic growth. This book, which combines statistical rigour with easy access and readability, is an ideal resource for anyone who would like to have a quick overview of energy development in IEA member countries over the last 35 years. The publication also includes selected energy-related statistics for over 140 countries, economies and regions in the world.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264063785-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 62
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    OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies: Slovenia 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264068995
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Serie: OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Henrard, Valentine Slovenia
    DDC: 331.12094973
    RVK:
    QG 490
    RVK:
    QV 200
    RVK:
    QX 400
    Schlagwort(e): Arbeitsmarkt ; Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Flexicurity ; Sozialpolitik ; Slowenien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Slovenia ; Slowenien ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Beschäftigungsentwicklung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Rentenversicherung ; Sozialpolitik
    Kurzfassung: This report analyses the main challenges for labour market and social policies in Slovenia and considers the available policy options from the perspective of OECD countries' experience. It finds that Slovenia has one of the most equal income distributions in the world and a tradition of social dialogue. However, its unemployment insurance and employment service system are not sufficient to deal effectively with the present economic crisis and the country is also faced with rapid population ageing and a low employment rate among 55-to-64 year olds. This report makes recommendations to deal with these issues.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264068995-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 63
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    Strategies for Business, Government and Civil Society to Fight Corruption in Asia and the Pacific (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264077010
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (218 p.)
    Serie: ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Strategies for business, government and civil society to fight corruption in Asia and the Pacific
    RVK:
    MD 7200
    RVK:
    QL 415
    Schlagwort(e): Korruption ; Wirtschaftskriminalität ; Asiatisch-pazifischer Raum ; Governance ; Konferenzschrift 2008 ; Asiatisch-Pazifischer Raum ; Korruption ; Bekämpfung
    Kurzfassung: Bribery is bad for business, so why do businesses continue to bribe? What roles do business, government, and civil society have in the fight against corruption - and notably in the fight against bribery in business? The 6th Regional Anti-Corruption Conference for Asia and the Pacific gathered experts from countries and jurisdictions of Asia and the Pacific, OECD member countries, leading enterprises and businesses associations, civil society, and development partners to respond to these questions and to share their experiences in fighting bribery in business. The conference, organized by the ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific in late November 2008, explored (i) possible drivers and incentives for anti-corruption reform; (ii) the role of criminal law standards and corporate compliance mechanisms; (iii) the risks and countermeasures against private-to-private corruption; (iv) preventing and managing conflicts of interest; (v) international initiatives to counter bribery; (vi) how development partners can become involved in the fight against bribery and corruption. This book presents the proceedings of the conference.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264077010-en
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  • 64
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    Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes: Poland 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264077263
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (126 p.)
    Serie: Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Poland
    RVK:
    QG 475
    RVK:
    QV 221
    Schlagwort(e): Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Polen ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Poland ; Polen ; Jugendlicher Arbeitnehmer
    Kurzfassung: First experiences on the labour market have a profound influence on later working life. This report on Poland contains a survey of the main barriers to employment for young people, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to improve the transition from school-to-work, and a set of policy recommendations for further action by the public authorities and social partners.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264077263-en
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  • 65
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    Competitive Interaction between Airports, Airlines and High-Speed Rail (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102466
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (210 p.)
    Serie: ITF Round Tables no.145
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Concurrence et interactions entre aéroports, services de transports aériens et ferroviaires
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Schlagwort(e): Transport
    Kurzfassung: How should airports be regulated to contain market power? This round table proceedings first examines whether they need to be regulated at all. It concludes that because regulation is inevitably imperfect and costly, policy makers should establish conditions for competition to emerge between airports in preference to comprehensive regulation, whenever possible. Economic regulation is sometimes necessary, such as when airports are heavily congested. The proceedings determines which approaches are likely to work best and also assesses strategies for managing greenhouse gas emissions. It finds that although including aviation in an open emission trading scheme could help mitigate emissions efficiently across the economy, it should not be expected to produce major cuts in CO2-emissions in aviation itself. Finally the proceedings identifies the economic conditions under which high-speed rail can provide a competitive substitute for aviation, revealing the limited relevance of rail to reducing greenhouse gas emissions from this part of the transport market.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282102466-en
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  • 66
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    Innovation and Growth : Chasing a Moving Frontier (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073975
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (266 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Innovation and growth
    RVK:
    QR 000
    Schlagwort(e): Innovation ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; OECD-Staaten ; BRICS-Staaten ; Forschung ; Entwicklung ; Innovation ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; OECD ; Entwicklungsländer ; Innovation ; Technischer Fortschritt
    Kurzfassung: Innovation is crucial to long-term economic growth, even more so in the aftermath of the financial and economic crisis. In this volume, the OECD and the World Bank jointly take stock of how globalisation is posing new challenges for innovation and growth in both developed and developing countries, and how countries are coping with them. The authors discuss options for policy initiatives that can foster technological innovation in the pursuit of faster and sustainable growth. The various chapters highlight how the emergence of an integrated global market affects the impact of national innovation policy. What seemed like effective innovation strategies (e.g. policies designed to strengthen the R&D capacity of domestic firms) are no longer sufficient for effective catch-up. The more open and global nature of innovation makes innovation policies more difficult to design and implement at the national scale alone. These challenges are further complicated by new phenomena, such as global value chains and the fragmentation of production, the growing role of global corporations, and the ICT revolution. Where and why a global corporation chooses to anchor its production affects the playing field for OECD and developing economies alike. Selected as a 2009 Notable Document by the American Library Association Government Documents Round Table.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073975-en
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  • 67
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    Piracy of Digital Content (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264065437
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (134 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Stryszowski, Piotr Piracy of digital content
    RVK:
    QR 360
    Schlagwort(e): Urheberrechtsverletzung ; Science and Technology ; Internet ; Kulturgut ; Produktpiraterie
    Kurzfassung: This book studies digital piracy - the infringement of copyrighted content (such as music, films, software, broadcasting, books, etc.) - where the end product does not involve the use of hard media, such as CDs and DVDs. It presents the unique economic properties of markets for pirated digital products, where the existence of a large number of suppliers willing to provide pirated content at virtually no cost poses new and difficult challenges to copyright owners and policy makers in combating that piracy. These economic features, together with rapid technological developments, create special and unique problems to policy makers and the large number of actors involved in different jurisdictions. This book also provides an illustrative, in-depth case study of the sports rights owners sector, highlighting how it is affected by digital piracy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264065437-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 68
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    Internet Access for Development (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056312
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (110 p.)
    Serie: The Development Dimension
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Internet access for development
    RVK:
    QR 760
    Schlagwort(e): Informationstechnik ; Internet ; Welt ; Entwicklungsländer ; Governance ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Entwicklungsländer ; Telekommunikationsnetz ; Internet ; Entwicklungszusammenarbeit ; Kohärenz ; OECD ; Telekommunikationsmarkt ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung
    Kurzfassung: The Internet has been remarkably successful in developing greater opportunities for communication access - and economic growth and social development - for the first billion users. The majority of the next several billion users will be mainly from developing countries and will connect to the Internet principally via wireless networks. But there are substantial discrepancies in access to ICTs between developed and developing countries and also within countries, depending on factors such as gender, rural coverage, skills and educational levels. This book examines how the market for internet traffic exchange has evolved and explores the coherence of policies pursued by developed and developing countries. It notes the increasing innovation occurring in a number of developing countries with competitive markets and discusses how liberalisation has helped to expand of access networks and make ICT services increasingly affordable and available to the poor. The report also highlights the employment, micro-entrepreneurial and social development opportunities which have emerged as access levels have risen among low-income users. The study notes that gateway service monopolies - still in 70 countries - raise the prices for accessing international capacity and reduce the affordability of Internet access to business and end users.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264056312-en
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  • 69
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    Port Competition and Hinterland Connections (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102251
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Serie: ITF Round Tables no.143
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Concurrence entre les ports et les liaisons terrestres avec l'arrière-pays
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Schlagwort(e): Transport
    Kurzfassung: This Round Table publication discusses the policy and regulatory challenges posed by the rapidly changing port environment. The sector has changed tremendously in recent decades with technological and organisational innovation and a powerful expansion of trade. Although ports serve hinterlands that now run deep into continents, competition among ports is increasingly intense and their bargaining power in the supply chain has consequently weakened. Greater port throughput is meeting with increasing resistance from local communities because of pollution and congestion. In addition, local regulation is warranted but made difficult by the distribution of bargaining power among stakeholders. Higher-level authorities could develop more effective policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282102251-en
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  • 70
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    Building Transparent Tax Compliance by Banks (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264067851
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (136 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Building transparent tax compliance by banks
    RVK:
    QL 410
    Schlagwort(e): Steuermoral ; Bank ; OECD-Staaten ; Taxation ; OECD ; Steuerplanung ; Kreditwesen ; Governance ; Steuervermeidung ; Bank ; Risikomanagement
    Kurzfassung: This book analyses the role banks play in the provision of aggressive tax planning arrangements. It examines the nature of banking, the complex structured financing transactions developed by banks and how they are then used by both banks and their clients. It also explores the internal governance processes that banks use to manage tax risk and the prevention, detection and response strategies applied by different revenue bodies in responding to the challenges that banks pose. The book makes a number of recommendations for revenue bodies and identifies best practices for consideration by banks.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264067851-en
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  • 71
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    Computer Viruses and Other Malicious Software : A Threat to the Internet Economy (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056510
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (246 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Computer viruses and other malicious software
    DDC: 005.8
    RVK:
    ST 276
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Science and Technology ; Computervirus
    Kurzfassung: Malware attacks are increasing both in frequency and sophistication, thus posing a serious threat to the Internet economy and to national security. This book is a first step toward addressing the threat of malware in a comprehensive, global manner. It informs readers about malware -- its growth, evolution and countermeasures to combat it; presents new research into the economic incentives driving cyber-security decisions; and makes specific suggestions on how the international community can better work together to address the problem.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264056510-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 72
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    OECD Rural Policy Reviews, Italy 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056237
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (228 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Italy
    Schlagwort(e): Ländliche Entwicklung ; Entwicklungsplanung ; Italien ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Italy ; Italien ; Ländliche Entwicklung
    Kurzfassung: OECD's comprehensive review of rural policy in Italy. On average, rural regions in Italy have some of the highest GDP per capita among the OECD countries, yet unexploited potential remains. This analysis of rural Italy reveals heterogeneous economic conditions, an increasing elderly population and a diminished focus on environmental concerns. This suggests the need for a broader rural policy approach that reflects the changing demands upon rural resources and that considers other aspects of rurality including health, education and quality of life.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264056237-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 73
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    Regulatory Impact Analysis : A Tool for Policy Coherence (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264067110
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (182 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. L'analyse d'impact de la réglementation ; Un outil au service de la cohérence des politiques
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Bounds, Gregory Regulatory impact analysis
    RVK:
    QR 300
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Regulierung ; Wirkungsanalyse
    Kurzfassung: Regulatory impact analysis (RIA) is a systemic approach to critically assessing the positive and negative effects of proposed and existing regulations and non-regulatory alternatives. This publication brings together recent OECD research and analysis concerning methodological issues and country experiences with RIA. The collected papers cover a number of challenges to the effectiveness of RIA including: systemic factors which influence the quality of RIA; methodological frameworks that can assist RIA to improve regulation; guidance on using RIA to avoid unnecessary regulation of competitive markets; and a review of the use of RIA in the regulation of corporate governance across a number of OECD countries. Taken together, this publication provides valuable, practical guidance on how to improve the performance of RIA systems to promote economic welfare through better quality regulation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264067110-en
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  • 74
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    The Financing of Nuclear Power Plants (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264079229
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (76 p.)
    Serie: Nuclear Development
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Le financement des centrales nucléaires
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als The financing of nuclear power plants
    Schlagwort(e): Kernkraftwerk ; Finanzierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Nuclear Energy ; OECD ; Kernkraftwerk ; Finanzierung
    Kurzfassung: Many countries have recognised that greater use of nuclear power could play a valuable role in reducing carbon dioxide emissions. However, given the high capital cost and complexity of nuclear power plants, financing their construction often remains a challenge. This is especially true where such financing is left to the private sector in the context of competitive electricity markets. This study examines the financial risks involved in investing in a new nuclear power plant, how these can be mitigated, and how projects can be structured so that residual risks are taken by those best able to manage them. Given that expansion of nuclear power programmes will require strong and sustained government support, the study highlights the role of governments in facilitating and encouraging investment in new nuclear generating capacity.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264079229-en
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  • 75
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    OECD Territorial Reviews: Chile 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060791
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (222 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews; Chile 2009 ; (Spanish version)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Chile
    Schlagwort(e): Regionalentwicklung ; Regionales Wachstum ; Regionalpolitik ; Chile ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Chile ; Chile ; Regionalentwicklung ; Regionalpolitik
    Kurzfassung: Chile has achieved strong economic growth during the last 20 years. Nevertheless, its economy depends on a few resource-based sectors located in a small number of regions. The performance of Chilean regions varies significantly and regional disparities in GDP per capita are very high compared to those in OECD countries. Chilean regions have thus far so not fully utilised their assets and reached their potential for growth. This report recommends moving towards a territorial approach to development in Chile in order to better adapt public management to the different opportunities and needs of the diverse territories of the country. Chilean regions would particularly benefit from context-specific policies to boost productivity, such as those targeting innovation and entrepreneurship, and to improve education and training.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060791-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 76
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    Strengthening Regional Fisheries Management Organisations (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073326
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (124 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Renforcement des organisations régionales de la pêche
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Cox, Anthony Strengthening regional fisheries management organisations
    Schlagwort(e): Fischschutz ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food ; Seefischerei ; Fischwirtschaft ; Regionalwirtschaft ; Organisation
    Kurzfassung: With the development and entry into force of the United Nations Fish Stocks Agreement in 1995, the international community made a commitment to strengthen Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMOs), established to deal with the management of shared high seas resources. This study takes stock of the changes made in RFMOs, highlighting a gradual process of improvement that has translated into significant success stories. While there is no single recipe for this process, ensuring that the fundamental building blocks are in place to help create and maintain the economic and political momentum for change is important. Altering the underlying economic incentives may help to better align the interests of member countries, allowing coalitions for change to develop within the membership. The study and its analysis is built on evidence from a range of case studies of RFMOs, most notably the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna (CSBT), the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT), the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organisation (NAFO) and the North East Atlantic Fisheries Commission (NEAFC).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073326-en
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  • 77
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    Taxation of SMEs : Key Issues and Policy Considerations (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264024748
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (147 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Tax Policy Studies no.18
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Taxation of SMEs
    RVK:
    QL 641
    RVK:
    PP 8080
    Schlagwort(e): KMU ; Unternehmensbesteuerung ; OECD-Staaten ; Taxation ; Steuerrecht ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; OECD
    Kurzfassung: This report covers a broad range of SME taxation issues, including possible effects of taxation on the creation and growth of SMEs, and considerations arising from a relatively high compliance burden. Differing income tax and social security contribution burdens of unincorporated and incorporated SMEs are considered in detail, with analysis of average statutory tax rates carried out to investigate possible tax distortions to business creation and business structure decisions of a single worker/owner of an SME. Various arguments are presented for and against the targeting of tax incentives at SMEs. Country examples of SME tax incentives and compliance cost reduction measures are provided in the report.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264024748-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 78
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    International Trade : Free, Fair and Open? (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060265 , 9789264107137
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Serie: OECD Insights
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Le commerce international ; Libre, équitable et ouvert ?
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Internationaler Handel; Frei, fair und offen?
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Love, Patrick International trade
    DDC: 382.1
    RVK:
    QM 200
    Schlagwort(e): Internationale Wirtschaft ; Welt ; Außenhandel ; Handelsvertrag ; Freihandel ; Fairer Handel ; Liberalisierung ; Economics ; Trade ; Erde ; Welthandel
    Kurzfassung: International trade affects the price and availability of practically everything we buy. It also plays a role in many other domains, including jobs, the environment and the fight against poverty. OECD Insights: International Trade argues that prosperity has rarely, if ever, been achieved or sustained without trade. Trade alone, however, is not enough. Policies targeting employment, education, health and other issues are also needed to promote well-being and tackle the challenges of a globalised economy. "The OECD is a major source for insightful analyses of current trade issues. It also plays a role in disseminating skilfully the results of less accessible writings on trade. This short book is a valuable addition to the latter endeavour and should be on the shelf of policy makers." -Jagdish Bhagwati, Columbia University
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060265-en
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  • 79
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    Natural Tracer Profiles Across Argillaceous Formations : The CLAYTRAC Project (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060487
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (362 p.)
    Serie: Radioactive Waste Management
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear Energy
    Kurzfassung: This technical report describes the results of the Nuclear Energy Agency's CLAYTRAC project, in which natural tracer data from nine sites was evaluated to assess potential impacts of disposal of radiological waste in geological repositories. It shows scientific information from numerous sites and applies robust analytical methods to improve the understanding of radionuclide migration and evolution of sites for deep geological disposal. These results improve the understanding of sites, and thus the confidence in safety, for geological disposal of radioactive waste.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060487-en
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  • 80
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    Preventing Violence, War and State Collapse : The Future of Conflict Early Warning and Response (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059818
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (134 p.)
    Serie: Conflict and Fragility
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Prévenir la violence, la guerre et l'effondrement des États ; L'avenir des systèmes d'alerte précoce et de réponse rapide
    Schlagwort(e): Development
    Kurzfassung: The international community today is hardly in a position to avoid another genocide, as witnessed in Rwanda in 1994, despite the significant evolution of early warning systems in recent years. Based on a review of the literature on early warning and response, as well as inputs from surveyed agencies, Preventing Violence, War and State Collapse assesses the value and role of early warning for the prevention of violent conflict and identifies the most effective early warning and response systems. It concludes with a set of recommendations for policy makers in donor and partner countries in influencing future developments in this field.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264059818-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 81
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    Strategic and Policy Issues Raised by the Transition from Thermal to Fast Nuclear Systems (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060654
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (86 p.)
    Serie: Nuclear Development
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Questions stratégiques et politiques liées à la transition des systèmes nucléaires thermiques aux systèmes rapides
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear Energy
    Kurzfassung: The renewed interest in nuclear energy triggered by concerns about global climate change and security of supply could lead to substantial growth in nuclear electricity generation and expanded interest in fast neutron reactors with closed fuel cycles. Moving from the current fleet of thermal neutron reactors to fast neutron systems will require many decades and extensive RD&D efforts. This book identifies and analyses key strategic and policy issues raised by such a transition, and provides guidance to decision makers on the best approaches for implementing transition scenarios.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060654-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 82
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    Take the Test : Sample Questions from OECD's PISA Assessments (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264050815
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (318 p.)
    Serie: PISA
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: What does PISA actually assess? This book presents all the publicly available questions from the PISA surveys. Some of these questions were used in the PISA 2000, 2003 and 2006 surveys and others were used in developing and trying out the assessment. After a brief introduction to the PISA assessment, the book presents three chapters, including PISA questions for the reading, mathematics and science tests, respectively. Each chapter presents an overview of what exactly the questions assess. The second section of each chapter presents questions which were used in the PISA 2000, 2003 and 2006 surveys, that is, the actual PISA tests for which results were published. The third section presents questions used in trying out the assessment. Although these questions were not used in the PISA 2000, 2003 and 2006 surveys, they are nevertheless illustrative of the kind of question PISA uses. The final section shows all the answers, along with brief comments on each question.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264050815-en
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  • 83
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    Armed Violence Reduction : Enabling Development (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060173
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (138 p.)
    Serie: Conflict and Fragility
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Reducir la violencia armada ; Hacer posible el desarrollo
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. Armed violence reduction
    DDC: 363.32
    Schlagwort(e): Development ; Waffe ; Gewalt ; Reduktion
    Kurzfassung: Each year, 740 000 people die as a result of armed violence. It increasingly exploits a link between conflict and crime and undermines our chances of reaching the Millennium Development Goals. This book will help aid donors - both policy advisors and programme staff - to transform good words into good programmes that can ultimately help reduce armed violence globally.
    Anmerkung: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Réduire la violence armée, permettre le développement
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060173-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 84
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    Online Identity Theft (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056596
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (138 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. Online identity theft
    DDC: 364.16/33
    RVK:
    ST 276
    Schlagwort(e): Phishing ; Identity theft ; Internet fraud ; Identity theft Prevention ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Identitätsdiebstahl ; Phishing
    Kurzfassung: Using widely available Internet tools, internet thieves trick unsuspecting computer users into providing personal data, which they then use for illicit purposes, causing mistrust of online payment and banking services. This book defines identity theft and studies how it is perpetrated, outlines what is being done to combat the major types of ID theft, and recommends specific ways that ID theft can be addressed in an effective, global manner.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264056596-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 85
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    Productivity Measurement and Analysis (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264044616
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (554 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Productivity measurement and analysis
    Schlagwort(e): Produktivität ; Arbeitsproduktivität ; Messung ; Economics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift ; Produktivität ; Produktivitätsmessung ; Produktivitätszuwachs
    Kurzfassung: Productivity measurement and analysis are the main topics addressed in this book, which brings together contributions presented and discussed in two international workshops organized by the Statistics Directorate and the Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry (DSTI) of the OECD. The first workshop was organised jointly by the OECD with Fundaccion BBVA and the Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas and held in Madrid in October 2005, and the second one was organized jointly by the OECD and the Swiss Federal Statistical Office and the State Secretary for Economic Affairs of Switzerland and held in Bern in October 2006. The two workshops brought together representatives of statistical offices, central banks and other branches of government in OECD countries that are engaged in the analysis and the measurement of productivity developments at aggregate and industry levels.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264044616-en
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  • 86
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    Die OECD in Zahlen 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073999
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (96 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD in Figures 2009
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. L'OCDE en chiffres 2009
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. La OCDE en cifras 2009
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg.: L'OCDE en chiffres 2009
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg.: La OCDE en cifras 2009
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg.: OECD in Figures 2009
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073999-de
    URL: Volltext
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  • 87
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    Améliorer la direction des établissements scolaires, Volume 2 : Etudes de cas sur la direction des systèmes (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264039575
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (308 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Improving School Leadership, Volume 2; Case Studies on System Leadership
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Improving School Leadership, Volume 2: Case Studies on System Leadership
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Schulverwaltung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Kurzfassung: La fonction de chef d’établissement scolaire a radicalement changé. En effet, les pays transforment leurs systèmes éducatifs pour préparer les jeunes aux mutations technologiques rapides d’aujourd’hui, à la mondialisation de l’économie et à l’accroissement des migrations. Dans ce contexte, les chefs d’établissement ont une nouvelle mission qui leur permet d’élargir leur champ d’activité au-delà des limites de leur propre établissement. Il s’agit maintenant pour eux de contribuer non seulement au succès de leur école mais aussi à celui du système dans son ensemble – afin que chaque école soit une bonne école. En quoi la direction systémique peut-elle contribuer à améliorer l’école ? Cet ouvrage dévoile les points de vue des spécialistes sur la question. Les études de cas portent sur des stratégies novatrices de répartition des fonctions de direction dans les établissements scolaires en Belgique (Flandre), en Finlande et au Royaume-Uni (Angleterre) ainsi que sur des programmes de perfectionnement de la direction en vue d’une amélioration du système en Australie et en Autriche. Ces pratiques étant nouvelles, cet ouvrage présente une première perspective comparée de l’état actuel de la direction systémique à l’échelle mondiale.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264039575-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 88
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    Terrorisme et transport international : Pour une politique de sécurité fondée sur le risque (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102343
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Serie: Tables rondes FIT no.144
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Terrorism and International Transport; Towards Risk-based Security Policy
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Terrorism and International Transport: Towards Risk-based Security Policy
    Schlagwort(e): Transport
    Kurzfassung: La sûreté est un élément fondamental des systèmes de transport : ces derniers sont souvent pris pour cible dans les attaques terroristes. Les coûts significatifs des dommages potentiels font des politiques de sûreté une préoccupation majeure pour les autorités responsables des transports. Cette Table Ronde examine le rôle que peut jouer l’analyse économique pour renforcer la sécurité des transports aérien et maritime en quantifiant les avantages associés et en appréciant leur efficacité et la valeur des techniques qui visent à orienter les ressources vers l’atténuation des risques les plus importants.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282102343-fr
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  • 89
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    Zéro tué sur la route : Un système sûr, des objectifs ambitieux (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282101988
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Towards Zero; Ambitious Road Safety Targets and the Safe System Approach
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Towards Zero; Ambitious Road Safety Targets and the Safe System Approach (Russian version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Towards Zero: Ambitious Road Safety Targets and the Safe System Approach
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Towards Zero: Ambitious Road Safety Targets and the Safe System Approach (Russian version)
    Schlagwort(e): Transport ; Verkehrssicherheit ; Politik
    Kurzfassung: Chaque année, environ 1.2 million de personnes dans le monde sont tuées sur les routes et 50 millions sont blessées. Mais les accidents ne sont pas une fatalité. Beaucoup peut être fait pour réduire les immenses souffrances qu’ils entraînent ainsi que leurs conséquences économiques. Ce rapport fait le point sur les évolutions et les initiatives récentes pour atteindre des objectifs de sécurité routière de plus en plus ambitieux. Il constitue un examen majeur au niveau international de l’approche pour un « système sûr », qui a déjà été adoptée par quelques pays.
    Anmerkung: Literaturangaben , Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Towards zero : ambitious road safety targets and the safe system approach
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282101988-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 90
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    Perspectives des migrations internationales: SOPEMI 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264063709
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: 2009
    DOI: 10.1787/migr_outlook-2009-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 91
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    Perspectives d'investissement international 2007 : Liberté dinvestissement dans un monde en changement (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264037595
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: 2007
    DOI: 10.1787/iip-2007-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 92
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    Rapport annuel sur les Principes directeurs de lOCDE à lintention des entreprises multinationales 2008 : Emploi et relations industrielles (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056428
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: 2008
    DOI: 10.1787/mne-2008-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 93
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    Essai n 413 : Toxicité subchronique par inhalation : 90 jours (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070813
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (17 p.)
    Serie: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Test No. 413; Subchronic Inhalation Toxicity; 90-day Study
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Test No. 413: Subchronic Inhalation Toxicity: 90-day Study
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: Cette Ligne directrice révisée a été conçue afin de caractériser pleinement la toxicité par inhalation du produit chimique testé suite à une exposition subchronique (90 jours), et de fournir des données fiables pour l’évaluation quantitative des risques liés à l’inhalation. Elle a été mise à jour en 2017 afin de permettre de tester et caractériser les effets des nanomatériaux. Des groupes de rongeurs (10 mâles et 10 femelles) sont exposés 6 heures par jour pendant une période de 90 jours a) à la substance d’essai à trois niveaux de concentration ou plus, b) à de l’air filtré (témoin négatif), et/ou c) au véhicule (groupe témoin du véhicule). Les animaux sont exposés en général 5 jours par semaine, mais il est aussi permis de les exposer 7 jours par semaine. Des mâles et des femelles sont toujours utilisés, mais peuvent être exposés à des niveaux de concentration différents si l’un des sexes est connu pour être plus sensible à une substance d’essai donnée. Les résultats de l’étude incluent des mesures et des observations quotidiennes détaillées (hématologie et chimie clinique) ainsi qu’une autopsie générale, de l’ophtalmologie, le poids des organes et de l’histopathologie. Afin de mieux caractériser la toxicité de la substance d’essai, la Ligne directrice laisse la possibilité d’inclure des groupes satellites (étude de réversibilité), des sacrifices en cours d’essai, des lavages broncho-alvéolaires, la mesure de la charge pulmonaire pour les particules, des tests neurologiques et des évaluations histopathologiques ou de pathologie clinique supplémentaires.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070813-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 94
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    Essai n 455 : Essai d'activation transcriptionnelle faisant intervenir le récepteur d'œstrogène alpha humain transfecté de façon stable pour la détection de l'activité œstrogénique agoniste des substances testées (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076389
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (22 p)
    Serie: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Test No. 455; The Stably Transfected Human Estrogen Receptor-alpha Transcriptional Activation Assay for Detection of Estrogenic Agonist-Activity of Chemicals
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Test No. 455: The Stably Transfected Human Estrogen Receptor-alpha Transcriptional Activation Assay for Detection of Estrogenic Agonist-Activity of Chemicals
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: Cette Ligne directrice décrit un essai in vitro qui fournit des informations mécanistiques et peut être utilisé à des fins de dépistage et de mise en priorité. Le système utilise la lignée cellulaire hERalpha-HeLa-9903 provenant d’une tumeur cervicale humaine, transfectée de façon stable. Cette lignée cellulaire permet de mesurer la capacité d’une substance d’essai à induire la transactivation de l’expression du gène luciférase, médiée par le récepteur d’œstrogène alpha humain hERalpha. Les cellules sont exposées à 7 concentrations non cytotoxiques de la substance d’essai pendant 20-24 heures afin de provoquer la synthèse de produits de gènes rapporteurs. Quatre substances de référence sont incluses dans chaque essai : un estrogène fort (17bêta-estradiol, un faible (17alpha-estradiol), un très faible (17alpha-méthyltestostérone) et un témoin négatif (corticostérone). L’activité de l’enzyme luciférase est mesurée par un luminomètre. Une substance d’essai est considérée comme répondant positivement si la réponse maximale induite est égale ou excède 10 % de la réponse du témoin positif (1 Nm 17bêta-estradiol) dans au moins deux parmi deux, ou deux parmi trois expérimentations. Logiciel à utiliser pour les essais 425, 432, 455. Cliquer ici. Logiciel non couvert par l’Acceptation Mutuelle des Données.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076389-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 95
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    Essai n 436 : Toxicité aigue͏̈ par inhalation Méthode par classe de toxicité aigue͏̈ (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076020
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (28 p)
    Serie: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Test No. 436; Acute Inhalation Toxicity - Acute Toxic Class Method
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Test No. 436: Acute Inhalation Toxicity Acute Toxic Class Method
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: La méthode décrite dans cette Ligne directrice fournit des informations permettant d’évaluer les dangers liés à une exposition à court terme à un article d’essai par inhalation. Elle permet également de classer l’article d’essai conformément au Système général de classification et d’étiquetage des produits chimiques (SGH). La méthode consiste en plusieurs étapes, chaque étape utilisant 3 animaux de chaque sexe (l’espèce préférée est le rat). Les animaux sont exposés dans des chambres d’inhalation à une concentration prédéfinie pendant 4 heures. L’absence ou la présence de mortalités d’animaux liées à l’article d’essai à une étape détermine l’étape suivante. Les animaux présentant des signes de souffrance ou de détresse sévère sont euthanasiés. La dose de départ est sélectionnée parmi l’une des 4 concentrations correspondant aux catégories 1 à 4 du SGH pour les gaz, les vapeurs ou les aérosols. Les animaux sont observés quotidiennement en vue d’éventuels signes de toxicité pendant au moins 14 jours. Les animaux sont pesés au moins une fois par semaine. Tous les animaux font l’objet d’une autopsie générale.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076020-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 96
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    Essai n 231 : Essai de métamorphose des amphibiens (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076266
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (36 p)
    Serie: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 2
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Test No. 231; Amphibian Metamorphosis Assay
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Test No. 231: Amphibian Metamorphosis Assay
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: La présente Ligne directrice décrit un essai de métamorphose des amphibiens dans le but de dépister certaines substances pouvant intérférer avec le fonctionnement normal de l’axe hypothalamo-hypophyso-thyroidien. L’essai a été validé sur le xénope (Xenopus laevis) qui est donc l’espèce recommandée dans la présente Ligne directrice. L’essai fait usage de trois niveaux de concentrations du produit chimique testé, ainsi que des témoins nécessaires, y compris un témoin-solvant au besoin. L’essai commence avec des têtards au stade de développement 51 sur l’échelle de Nieuwkoop et Faber, et s’étend sur une durée de 21 jours. Quatre cuves répliquats sont utilisés à chaque niveaux de traitement et pour le(s) témoin(s). Après 7 jours d’exposition, un sous-ensemble de têtards provenant de chaque niveau de traitement et du(des) témoin(s) est échantillonné pour mesurer la longueur du membre antérieur. A l’issue de la période d’exposition de 21 jours, le stade de développement, la longueur museau-cloaque et la longueur du membre antérieur sont mesurés chez tous les têtards restants. Un sous-ensemble de têtards provenant de chaque niveau de traitement, y compris du témoin, est fixé (in toto ou disséqué) pour l’évaluation histopathologique de la glande thyroide.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076266-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 97
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    OECD Private Pensions Outlook 2008 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264044395
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (310 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Perspectives de l'OCDE sur les pensions privées 2008
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment
    Kurzfassung: As the role of private pension systems grows in importance, there is a need to monitor their development and review their performance in an international context, especially following the crisis in the financial markets in 2008. This first edition of the OECD Private Pensions Outlook provides essential data on assets, investments, membership, and industry structure based on the latest official statistics, as well as a framework for evaluating the trends shaping the pensions industry, based on the role of the private pensions in relation to the public pension system. It also provides comprehensive country profiles, describing private pension arrangements in individual OECD countries. This edition's special feature covers the implications for pensions and private pensions policy of the financial crisis. This publication includes StatLinks, URLs linking graphs and tables via the internet to Excel® table containing the underlying data.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264044395-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 98
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    Online-Ressource
    Green at Fifteen? : How 15-Year-Olds Perform in Environmental Science and Geoscience in PISA 2006 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264063600
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Serie: PISA
    RVK:
    DO 1250
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; OECD ; PISA-Studie
    Kurzfassung: The OECD’s PISA 2006 assessment of the science competencies of 15-year-olds offers the first comprehensive and internationally comparative knowledge base of students’ knowledge about the environment and environment-related issues. Green at Fifteen? presents an analysis of this knowledge base, including information on the sources of students’ awareness of environmental science, their attitudes towards the environment and how these attitudes interrelate with their performance in environmental science.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264063600-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 99
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    Test No. 232: Collembolan Reproduction Test in Soil (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076273
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (19 p)
    Serie: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 232 ; Essai de reproduction de collemboles dans le sol
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 232 : Essai de reproduction de collemboles dans le sol
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: This Test Guideline is designed for assessing the effects of chemicals on the reproduction of collembolans in soil. The parthenogenetic Folsomia candida is the recommended species for use, but an alternative species such as sexually reproducing Folsomia fimetaria could also be used if they meet the validity criteria. This Guideline can be used for testing both water soluble and insoluble substances but it is not applicable to volatile ones. The Guideline aims to determine toxic effects of the test substance on adult mortality and reproductive output expressed as LCx and ECx respectively, or NOEC/LOEC value. The number of treatment concentrations varies depending on endpoints to be determined. For a combined approach to examine both the NOEC/LOEC and ECx, eight concentrations in a geometric series with four replicates for each concentration as well as eight control replicates should be used. In each test vessel, 10 juveniles F. candida (or 10 males and 10 females adults F. fimetaria) should be placed on 30 g of modified OECD artificial soil using a 5 % organic matter content. The duration of a definitive reproduction test is 4 weeks for F. candida or 3 weeks for F. fimetaria.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076273-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 100
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    Fighting Corruption in Transition Economies: Kazakhstan (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264034044
    Sprache: Russisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Serie: Fighting Corruption in Transition Economies (Russian version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Fighting Corruption in Transition Economies; Kazakhstan 2007
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Fighting Corruption in Transition Economies: Kazakhstan 2007
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Kazakhstan
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264034044-ru
    URL: Volltext
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