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  • 2015-2019  (63)
  • Independent Evaluation Group  (63)
  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank  (63)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This report provides a retrospective assessment of the Bank Group's results and performance acrossits project and program portfolio. This is relevant for understanding the stock of achievements to date and the foundations on which the Bank Group is delivering on the Forward Look and its ambitious capital package. The report synthesizes trends in Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) ratings and identifies explanatory factors behind portfolio performance. Each of the three Bank Group institutions assesses results differently because of their differing reporting periods, operating models, and clients. The supplementary file contains four appendixes and the remaining, more specialized topic appendixes of the Results and Performance of the World Bank Group (RAP) report. This report is IEG's annual review of the development effectiveness of the World Bank Group (WBG). The report synthesizes trends in ratings, and identifies explanatory factors behind portfolio performance. This report provides a retrospective assessment of the World Bank Group's results and performance across its project and program portfolio. This is relevant for understanding the stock of achievements to date and the foundations on which the Bank Group is delivering on the Forward Look and its ambitious capital package. The four key appendixes for Results and Performance of the World Bank Group 2018 are included with the main file
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: The International Development Association (IDA) Regional Window Program was developed as a funding mechanism to provide additional financing resources to co-finance projects that help low-income countries achieve their regional integration objectives. The main objective of this synthesis report is to inform policy decisions on the International Development Association (IDA) Regional Window Program in the context of the IDA18 mid-term review and the IDA19 replenishment. The report contains information on (a) the achievements of the program, and (b) key findings and conclusions for the consideration of IDA Deputies. This synthesis is derived primarily from IEG's thematic evaluation, Two to Tango: An IEG Independent Evaluation of World Bank Group Support to Fostering Regional Integration and is complemented by findings from other existing thematic evaluations such as Grow with the flow: World Bank Group support to Trade Facilitation, project-level evaluations and validations, and project performance assessment reports
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This evaluation examines how the World Bank has supported two types of professional development to improve teacher capacity-preservice and in-service training-and identifies how these drivers of education quality can be better designed, implemented, and scaled up
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  • 4
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: The evaluation examines the development effectiveness of the World Bank Group's support for trade facilitation and identifies lessons for future engagement. The World Bank Group has played a leading role in trade facilitation reform over the past 12 years, having identified lowering trade costs as a crucial means to promote its development agenda. Among its contributions, the Bank Group has been a leading technical partner to the WTO during the Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) process throughout the evaluation period. Main findings of the report include: (i) Over the evaluation period, the World Bank Group has demonstrated leadership in facilitating trade through its broad scope of work: (893 interventions of all types) in addition to Advisory and Analytic work, generally targeting countries with the greatest bottlenecks, results, in its contribution to a substantial reduction of international trade costs, and its creation of global public goods through thought leadership, convening power, and its trade facilitation indicators - which contributed to a positive dynamic in reforms. (ii) Most World Bank Group projects supporting trade facilitation reforms achieved their development objective, and all three institutions exceeded their corporate scorecard targets. The World Bank's investment lending appears to be substantially more effective than its policy operations. At the trade facilitation intervention level, the overall success rate averaged 79 percent
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: In a year marked by change throughout the institution, the Independent Evaluation Group's commitment to rigorous analysis, innovative methodological approaches, and the sharing of knowledge and lessons remains its foundation. Though topics ranged from forced displacement to creating markets, the evaluations presented similar stories about what is and is not working at the World Bank Group, providing guidance on improving outcomes. Common themes included building resilience, monitoring who benefits, and increasing private sector engagement. A highlight of FY19 was the release of the World Bank Group Evaluation Principles, co-led by the IEG Methods Adviser in collaboration with IFC, MIGA, and the World Bank. The principles act to solidify a Bank Group evaluation approach based on the evaluation framework established in FY18. The document delineates core principles for evaluation and underlying principles for planning, conducting, and using evaluations at the Bank Group. In FY20, IEG will position itself to provide even greater impact by focusing on the development effectiveness questions that most concern the institution and its clients in terms of what is needed to influence country development outcomes and where the Bank Group can do more, differently, or better. IEG has aligned its work program with Bank Group strategic priorities, keeping in mind the Sustainable Development Goals, commitments made in the IBRD and IFC Capital Packages, and the themes of the IDA's last two replenishments (IDA18 and 19)
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  • 6
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: World Bank emphasizes the importance of social contracts to eliminate poverty and boost shared prosperity. In the 2014 World Bank Group Goals, the World Bank calls for social contracts that prioritize the poor while creating the conditions for equitable growth. This learning-oriented evaluation generates lessons from the World Bank's experience using social contract diagnostics to help countries reshape their social contracts. It does this by:(i) evaluating the quality and value added of social contract diagnostics; (ii) assessing how social contract diagnostics are translated into operations; (iii) identifying the risks and challenges of integrating social contract diagnostics into operations; and (iv) drawing lessons on how to overcome these challenges. At the country level, this evaluation identified 21 Systematic Country Diagnostics (SCDs) that use a social contract framing to diagnose and explain complex development challenges such as entrenched inequalities, poor service delivery, weak institutions, and why decades of policy and institutional reforms promoted by external development actors could not fundamentally alter countries' development paths
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: The World Bank Group's positioning in relation to Rwanda's Vision 2020 goal of rapidly attaining Middle-Income Country (MIC) status reflected many of the elements that are critical to realizing the country's goal: (i) Under a first pillar of promoting economic transformation for sustained growth, it supported infrastructure (notably energy and transport); the business environment (including skills development); the financial sector (including rural finance); and in the latter years the urban sector. (ii) Under a second pillar of reducing social vulnerability and raising the productivity and incomes of the poor, it supported agriculture; health (initially); and social protection-including demobilization and reintegration of ex-combatants. (iii) A third accountable governance pillar aimed to strengthen central and decentralized public financial management (PFM). This evaluation assesses the development effectiveness of the World Bank Group's country program in Rwanda over the period FY09-17. The report aims to inform future partnership frameworks between the World Bank Group and the Rwandan Government. The report is also of interest to individuals and organizations working with countries striving to consolidate economic progress after a successful transition from conflict, or countries striving to reach middle-income country (MIC) status
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  • 8
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: The international development community acknowledges that the SDGs will not be achieved without greater participation from the private sector. Estimates for investment needs in developing countries alone range from USD 3.3 trillion to USD 4.5 trillion per year. Up to 70 percent of the investment gap could come from the private sector, according to international estimates. Engaging the private sector as a financier, operator, service provider, or innovator in the pursuit of the SDGs requires efficiently functioning and competitive markets and effective governments. Such markets only emerge when there is a sufficiently conducive enabling environment that not only addresses market failures through policy reform but also improving underperforming markets through demonstration effects, enhancing competition, innovation, integration and enhancing skills through investments and advisory services. This evaluation was designed to shed light on several key aspects of the IFC's creating markets agenda and experience on the ground. Those key aspects include the following: (i) Identification of market creating opportunities; (ii) Channels through which IFC contributes to market creation; (iii) Results from IFC's market creating interventions; and (iv) Success factors driving the Bank Group's market creation results
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  • 9
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This evaluation seeks to inform the World Bank's efforts to support client countries to deliver sustainable irrigation and drainage services and achieve development impacts. The results of this evaluation can help the World Bank improve strategic approaches in an evolving context. Irrigation service delivery is increasingly challenged by multiple factors that are driving demand for agricultural production, water scarcity, and variability in water precipitation. These factors include population growth and urbanization leading to increasing demand for agricultural products, and greater competition for water resources from domestic and industrial users. Untreated urban wastewater released into water bodies affects irrigation water quality. Water availability is increasingly variable because of the effects of climate change
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  • 10
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This evaluation examines the World Bank Group's evolving experience in building resilience in urban areas during the period 2007-17. The focus of this evaluation is the World Bank Group's support to clients in building urban resilience-to cope, recover, adapt and transform-in the face of shocks and chronic stresses
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  • 11
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: Fragility, conflict and violence (FCV) pose a major challenge for development and for reaching the Bank Group's twin goals. Enabling appropriate private sector activities can be a means to break free of the fragility trap by supporting economic growth, promoting local employment and income earning opportunities, generating government revenues, and delivering goods and services. However, the private sector faces substantial constraints in fragile and conflict-affected situations (FCS). This report takes stock of available evidence regarding the effectiveness of IFC's support in FCS. It aims to inform IFC's strategy in FCS as IFC seeks to scale up its activities in FCS as part of its commitments under the Capital Increase Package, and to provide inputs for the Bank Group's Fragility, Conflict and Violence (FCV) strategy currently being developed
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  • 12
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: In 2016, the World Bank Group stepped up its engagement in situations of conflict-induced forced displacement at the global and country levels and adopted a new approach to its engagement that recognizes displacement as a development challenge that must be addressed to attain the World Bank Group's twin goals. Since fiscal year 2016, the Bank Group's analytical, financial, and operational support has become more aligned with its stated development approach building on lessons from past engagements. This is an important shift
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  • 13
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This Country Program Evaluation (CPE) assesses the development effectiveness of the World Bank Group program in the Philippines between 2009 and 2018. The report provides input to the next Country Partnership Framework for the Philippines and may offer lessons for Bank Group country programs in other lower-middle-income countries facing similar development challenges
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  • 14
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This evaluation reviews how well the World Bank's operating model has enabled knowledge flow and enhanced collaboration to deliver integrated solutions. The evaluation also looks at the incentives and behaviors the model inculcates. Evidence comes from both sides of the matrix.The evaluation finds that certain aspects of the operating model have shown value, especially its enabling of global knowledge flow. This is the effect of setting up GPs that operate more globally than before and GTs that provide useful strategic directions and coherence to cross-cutting priorities. The World Bank is able to provide integrated solutions addressing clients' important development problems because of the leadership of Country Directors supported by Program Leaders.However, evidence from the early years of implementing the model indicates that its structure and processes tend to inhibit collaboration and cause inefficiency, fragmentation, and internal competition. The interface between GPs and Regions has weakened. Some GPs lack coherent and systematic approaches to managing and investing in knowledge. There are concerns with insufficient contestability in the quality assurance process for operations and ASA products. If left unaddressed, these issues pose risks to the World Bank's ability to deliver for clients.IEG acknowledges management's proactive course correction of the operating model. The evaluation finds that this could be enhanced by continuously collecting and reviewing data on organizational effectiveness.These findings have led to six recommendations: (1) Strengthen the approach to knowledge in the GPs and GTs with clear goals, roles, and mechanisms, budgets commensurate with mandates, and metrics for knowledge uptake, quality, and influence; (2) improve budgeting systems to better incentivize knowledge flow and collaboration; (3) better link the GPs and Regions to improve coordination and enhance responsiveness to clients; ( 4) ensure a stronger and more consistent use and role of the Program Leaders as a mechanism for cross-sectoral collaboration, integrated solutions, and complex client dialogue; (5) review the existing quality assurance arrangements to improve the quality of knowledge embedded in advisory and financing services; and (6) ensure there is ongoing monitoring of the operating model and more continuity in change management efforts to enhance the organization's ability to attain its knowledge flow and collaboration goals
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  • 15
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: World Bank Group strategy continues to position SMEs as key vehicles to promote employment, value chain development, economic and social inclusion, and resilience in the face of fragility and conflict. This note synthesizes findings regarding SMEs and SME support from recent IEG evaluations, independent evaluations by other MDBs, and relevant World Bank Group research
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  • 16
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: The 18th replenishment of the International Development Association (IDA18), one of the world's major providers of financial resources to the poorest countries, was the largest in the institution's 56-year history. Together with significant changes in its policy and financing framework, IDA's enhanced commitment authority was expected to enable faster progress toward the international community's far-reaching and ambitious 2030 agenda,1 which aligns closely with the World Bank Group's twin goals of eradicating extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity in a sustainable manner. The objective of this synthesis report is to draw on findings and lessons from recent IEG evaluations (that is, those completed since FY16) and databases that are pertinent to IDA18 special themes and IDA support more generally to inform forthcoming IDA19 discussions. The synthesis report focuses on learning from IDA experience over the last 10 years in relation to areas covered by the IDA18 special themes, drawing on relevant IEG evaluations completed since FY16
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  • 17
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This evaluation assesses the Bank Group's effectiveness and comparative advantage in fostering regional integration during FY2003-17 and draws lessons that can be used to inform future regional integration operations. Client countries of the World Bank Group have turned to regional integration as one of the pathways toward faster economic development and peace, and to help overcome development challenges. Main findings of the report include: (i) Overall, the Bank Group's efforts to foster regional integration have led to mostly positive development outcomes in the Sub-Saharan Africa Region and in infrastructure sectors. (ii) Though the IDA Regional Window program has also contributed to regional integration (mainly in the Africa Region), the development outcomes of its interventions are not significantly different from similar projects co-financed outside the program
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  • 18
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: From the 15th replenishment of the International Development Association (IDA15)through IDA18, the Crisis Response Window (CRW) evolved from a focus on economicshocks to include two other types of crises-natural disasters and public healthemergencies. The CRW was set up as a pilot under IDA15 to address repercussionsrelated to the global financial crisis on IDA countries. When established as a permanent part of IDA, it was amended to address the impact of natural disasters in addition to economic shocks. CRW coverage was expanded to include public health emergencies when the Ebola crisis erupted in 2014. This IEG synthesis paper takes stock of experience with IDA's CRW, making use of IEG evaluative evidence. The paper synthesizes findings from existing evaluations and information on CRW performance during its pilot stage under IDA15 and subsequent IDA cycles, to inform stakeholders and promote learning. The audience for this paper is primarily internal, including management, Executive Directors (including the Committee on Development Effectiveness), and IDA deputies
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: The Results and Performance of the World Bank Group (RAP) report is an annual review by the Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) of the development effectiveness of the World Bank Group. The RAP covers the World Bank (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and International Development Association), the International Finance Corporation, and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (four of the five institutions of the World Bank Group). The report synthesizes existing evidence from IEG evaluations, validations, and engagements, complemented by analysis of relevant information from other sources (for example, World Bank Group documents). Results and performance are assessed separately for each of the institutions because of their differing time frames, operating models, and clients. The theme this year is environmental sustainability, focusing on selected questions related to the contribution of the World Bank Group to environmental sustainability (chapter 1). This RAP (i) assesses the extent to which the World Bank Group portfolio includes activities that support environmental sustainability (and changes over a 10-year period), (ii) takes stock of how the World Bank Group is measuring its contribution to environmental sustainability, and (iii) presents analysis on the World Bank Group's systems for managing environmental and social risks. The RAP does not seek to provide an overall assessment of the environmental effects of the World Bank Group's projects because data are available only for the subset of projects where environmental goals were the primary objective
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  • 20
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This evaluation is a corporate-level assessment of the role and effectiveness of IFC in its support to its clients' inclusive business models. It also identifies implications and options for IFC's future support to inclusive business. The evaluation uses a two-pronged approach based on: (i) a review of IFC's entire portfolio (comparing inclusive business projects with the rest of IFC's portfolio), integrating IEG's relevant evaluative evidence across different sectors and themes; and (ii) a focus on the agribusiness sector. Based on the findings of this evaluation, the report concludes with three options for IFC to consider: (i) Option 1: Keep the current approach, (ii) Option 2: Upgrade IFC's current approach to an "operational framework", and (iii) Option 3: Design a corporate strategy toward inclusive business
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  • 21
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: Climate change is a threat to global development and to the core Mission of the World Bank Group. With the recognition that human activity drives global warming, the World Bank Group has pursued a long-term commitment to curb global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for more than 20 years. The purposes of this evaluation are to assess the role and contributions of the Bank Group in CF in relation to the needs and priorities of its client countries and its potential comparative advantages, and to draw lessons to inform the World Bank Group's future strategic direction in CF. The evaluation aims to answer thefollowing overarching question: What has been the strategic objective, nature of engagement, and contribution of the Bank Group in supporting CF? What lessons can be drawn from this to inform the Bank Group's strategic direction in supporting the next generation of marketbased carbon mitigation activities, given its potential comparative advantages?
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: Globally, although growth has lifted millions out of poverty, in many countries growth has existed in parallel with rising inequality and groups of people being left behind. Social discontent arising from the lack of inclusiveness of the growth process has sometimes led to conflicts and violence. Anchored on growth, inclusion, and sustainability, the 2013 World Bank Group Strategy promotes inclusive growth by pursuing the twin goals of eliminating absolute poverty and boosting shared prosperity. Reflecting strong concerns for equity, it embraces policies that enhance equality of opportunity and remove barriers against the often-excluded. The Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) has conducted many evaluations that have assessed World Bank Group interventions in various dimensions of growth, inclusion, and sustainability. This report extracts findings and distills lessons from all relevant IEG evaluations completed between FY09 and FY18 to shed light on the nature and results of the Bank Group's support in key areas of inclusive growth
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: A large share of the world's population today has access to health services, but the health needs of a great segment of the global population remain unmet. In 2013, more than 400 million people worldwide were not receiving at least one of the seven essential health services identified as priority areas in the Millennium Development Goals. Demographic and epidemiological changes, the increasing importance of noncommunicable diseases, the effects of climate change and natural disasters, and the surge of pandemic threats compound an already challenging situation in many countries. Challenges to health services are exacerbated further in countries facing fragile and conflict-affected situations. This evaluation aims to assess the roles and contributions of the World Bank Group in supporting health services in client countries. It also seeks to provide lessons and recommendations for achieving greater development effectiveness in future support to health services. This evaluation aims to fill an evaluative evidence gap in the health sector. It is the first comprehensive health sector evaluation carried out by the Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) since 2009. This evaluation also complements the 2014 IEG health financing evaluation, which examined how World Bank Group support to revenue collection for health, pooling of health funds and risks, and health financing reforms have improved equity in health financing and service use, financial protection, and efficiency
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: The World Bank Group began evaluating projects in 1970 when President Robert McNamara created an Operations Evaluation Unit in the World Bank's Programming and Budgeting Department. In 1973, the unit became the Operations Evaluation Department, which reported to the Board of Executive Directors and became the first independent evaluation function in an international financial institution. After evaluation offices were established in the International Finance Corporation (IFC) in 1984 and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) in 2002, the three evaluation functions were merged into the Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) in July 2006. As the scope of World Bank Group operations and its portfolio of products grows, IEG continues to develop and adapt its approaches to evaluating development effectiveness. These approaches include assessing outcomes against stated objectives, benchmarks, standards, and expectations, or assessing what might have happened in the absence of the project, program, or policy. Across projects, IEG looks at the patterns of what works under what circumstances. IEG's evaluation approach reflects and is harmonized with internationally accepted evaluation norms and principles, such as the quality standards for development evaluation of the OECD Development Assistance Committee, the good practice standards of the Evaluation Cooperation Group, and the norms and standards of the United Nations Evaluation Group.IEG adheres to a multilayered quality assurance model, which includes in-depth review of intermediate and final evaluation products by internal (IEG) and external peers. A Methods Advisory Function was established in fiscal year (FY)16 to promote internal knowledge sharing on evaluation design issues and methodological innovation. This fiscal year, the Bank Group introduced a Bank Group-wide evaluation framework, which reiterated the independence of IEG and made explicit our dual mandate of promoting accountability and fostering learning. IEG's new Results Framework aligns with the World Bank Group's evaluation framework and the revised IEG mandate
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: In recent years, the world has seen formidable manifestations of citizens' engagement. By taking to the streets to condemn corruption scandals, by rallying on social media to address growing inequalities, or by participating in global consultations to develop the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), ordinary citizens are increasingly eager and able to make their voices heard. At the same time, after several decades of progress, the space for citizens' voices is shrinking globally as several governments raise legal barriers to constrain actions by civil society organizations (CSOs) and to muzzle the media. In this context, the World Bank Group's commitment to citizen engagement can catalyze change. This is even more important because achieving the SDGs and the twin goals rests on the active involvement of citizens and local governments
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  • 26
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This evaluation assesses the development effectiveness of the Bank Group's country program in Mexico between 2008 and 2017 to inform the next CPF (FY19). The country program evaluation (CPE) will deepen knowledge on what has and has not worked and provide timely feedback on upcoming operational choices. The report will inform not only the Bank Group's Mexico Country Management Unit and Mexican government but also a wider Bank Group audience, focused on middle-income countries (MICs) and other development practitioners. The evaluation examines the relevance and effectiveness of the Bank Group program in Mexico in its core areas, and also, as a methodological innovation, examines four overarching areas: (i) the extent to which the Bank Group contributed to identifying Mexico's binding development constraints and to promoting sound policy choices; (ii) Bank Group contributions to Mexico's results in reducing poverty and promoting shared prosperity; (iii) the effectiveness of Bank Group use of lending, knowledge, and convening power services in shaping its role; and (iv) the extent to which Bank Group support to Mexico's development innovations was beneficial to the Bank Group's knowledge base and to other Bank Group member countries. Overall results reflect both program results in core areas and the answers to the overarching questions. The overview of this report is also available in Spanish
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: The evaluation exercise f ...
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: The Independent Evaluation Group's (IEG) Results and Performance of the World Bank Group (RAP) is a comprehensive assessment of World Bank Group performance, drawing on recent IEG evaluations. This year's report emphasizes the theme of managing for development results (M4R). The World Bank Group has a long history of Managing for Results and has made good progress on creating a structure and process for results measurement. It has also launched reforms and several initiatives throughout the years to enhance evidence-based management and learning. IEG evidence shows progress but also indicates that strengthening the foundations of results measurement and instilling a culture of evidence-based adaptive management and learning needs a stronger, more systematic, and holistic push. This report reviews the World Bank Group's status regarding M4R and summarizes the organization's approach to and degree of success with integrating M4R'skey principles-measurement of outcomes and use of evidence for adaptive management and learning-to drive results. The report draws on cumulative evidence from the Independent Evaluation Group (IEG)evaluations and learning products to highlight the World Bank Group progress and scope for improvement. The report also explores the World Bank Group's engagement on developing client M4R capacity
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: Community-driven development (CDD) interventions rest on the principle of empowering communities. Yet, the gender-specific impacts of CDD, especially on empowerment, have not received due attention in evaluation and, more generally, in the theoretical and empirical literature. This report explores evidence of how the CDD approach can create and enhance participation and decision making when women, as well as men, are to be included in the "community" voice and choice. It reviews the theoretical and empirical literature and analyzes World Bank-supported CDD projects. Its intent is to help practitioners who implement CDD interventions more explicitly define, discuss, and integrate gender-relevant elements in the design of CDD projects; be more effective in implementing and monitoring features that may affect men and women differently; and identify meaningful indicators and information to assess gender impacts. Findings of this report include: i) it is important to bring it out empowerment explicitly in the results chain of the project; ii) the design of CDD projects could benefit from being informed by gender-specific needs assessments to identify the constraints that women face in the rural space; iii) It is useful to think of empowerment along the three categories of economic, political, and social empowerment to identify the mechanisms CDD interventions can leverage, and to identify direct and indirect effects; iv) the importance of defining in CDD projects which dimensions can be affected, through which channels, and how these effects can be measured; v) participation needs to be measured in a comprehensive way by the use of multiple indicators; vi) CDD interventions should better frame what they can impact both in the short and the long term, and vii) the learning potential of what works to increase women's empowerment can be improved through more systematic assessment, reporting and evaluation
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  • 30
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This evaluation is the first comprehensive assessment of World Bank Group's multisectoral engagement in pollution management with 534 projects and USD 34 billion commitment during FY04-17. It finds that the Bank Group has made significant progress in improving pollution management in client countries although important gaps remain. World Bank efforts to set up country-level pollution monitoring systems have been relatively rare, despite a recent surge. Pollution does not get adequately prioritized in country strategies. The Bank's Country Environmental Analyses have been instrumental in prioritizing pollution in policy dialogue. Yet, they have only been prepared for 42 countries (28 percent of client countries) and the extent in which those country strategies reflect identified pollution concerns is limited. Overall, the magnitude of the Bank Group's engagement has declined as a share of the overall portfolio even as global pollution levels have risen. It has also missed opportunities to fight indoor and outdoor air pollution, which are responsible for the highest share of deaths caused by pollution. The Bank Group's climate change mitigation portfolio provides an opportunity to address outdoor air pollution, helping to build the case to client countries justifying such interventions that yield co-benefits: pollution and greenhouse gas reduction. About one-third of IFC client companies do not meet the relevant requirements for air emissions and wastewater. IEG recommends strengthening monitoring efforts, strengthening country analytical work to ensure a more comprehensive integration to the identified pollution priorities in the SCDs and subsequent CPFs, scaling up and recalibrating the World Bank's support in pollution management, leveraging its climate change portfolio to better combat local and regional air pollution, and strengthening IFC's advisory support to help its investment clients better comply with pollution requirements
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: Working as One World Bank Group is central to the WBG's strategy of helping countries end extreme poverty and promote shared prosperity sustainably. Over the past 20 years (1995 to 2015), many initiatives have sought to boost WBG effectiveness by increasing the number of projects jointly financed by IFC, MIGA, and/or the World Bank. Yet the number of joint projects still amounts to a very modest share of the overall WBG project commitments. This first systematic stocktaking by IEG of joint or co-financed projects within the WBG offers insight on both benefits of, and challenges in, developing, structuring, supervising, monitoring and evaluating joint projects. It draws lessons from past experience, staff and client feedback, and highlights implications for WBG management regarding expectations of increased co-financed projects in the future
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  • 32
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: Client engagement is essential for the IFC to support the private sector, maximize finance for development, and contribute to achieving the World Bank Group's twin goals. This IEG evaluation assesses how the IFC has implemented its strategic approach to client engagement since the early 2000s, and its effects on IFC's clients and the development impact of its operations
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  • 33
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This evaluation assesses the World Bank Group's record on implementation of the shared prosperity goal since 2013 using the official definition of the goal of fostering income growth of the bottom 40 percent. It also analyzes institutional requirements for effective implementation of the goal, and assesses the extent to which the Bank Group was already incorporating distributional issues in its various activities during the period 2005-13, before the adoption of the goal.Principal conclusions are as follows. The World Bank Group has made a significant effort to incorporate the shared prosperity goal-since its introduction in 2013--into its various products and services, across regions, global practices and World Bank Group institutions. These efforts have been spearheaded by knowledge. And the World Bank Group has used its convening power and partnerships at global and country levels to boost shared prosperity. However, an increased focus on distributional issues in the World Bank's lending projects does not automatically lead to improved development outcomes. Greater efforts are needed in the following areas to translate the increased focus into strong development results. First, the World Bank Group strategies and projects should have well-defined theories of change that explain how and under what conditions its interventions are expected to lead to improved shared prosperity outcomes. Second, associated results frameworks should allow for adequately monitoring impacts on the bottom 40 percent, and more distributional data should become available for measuring World Bank contributions. Third, strong analytical underpinnings are critical to strengthening the design of shared prosperity-focused interventions. This requires ensuring adequate funding of knowledge work and rigorous analysis of distributional effects. Fourth, the report recommends that the World Bank Group monitors systematically spatial congruence of its projects with the geographic distribution of the bottom 40 percent populations.Finally, stronger efforts are needed to make sure that the World Bank Group staff are aware of what the shared prosperity goal entails for the institution and its clients, but also have the skills needed for effectively incorporating and monitoring distributional objectives in the result chains of World Bank Group strategies and projects
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  • 34
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: The World Bank Group's twin goals have redefined the rationale for engagement across all sectors. Although the World Bank Group has never had an explicit strategy for higher education, institutional- and regional-level strategies and knowledge work anchor the World Bank's engagement in supporting and promoting (i) greater access and equity, (ii) relevant and quality teaching and research, (iii) improved management and financial systems, and (iv) institutional diversification and innovation.The International Finance Corporation (IFC) has aligned itself with the World Bank's approach and focuses on access and equity, relevance, and quality. Additionally, IFC has developed a specific education strategy that focuses on its investments in post-secondary education
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: During the past decade, the Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) evaluated the World Bank Group's response to systemic shocks and its efforts to help build resilience in response to shocks such as the food crisis of 2007-08, the global financial crisis of 2008-09, natural disasters, climate change, and pandemics. These evaluations examined the response to each of these different shocks separately. This study examines the evaluations and learning products to draw general lessons from the experience that can help strengthen future support to countries' resilience-building efforts
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  • 36
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This evaluation's objecti ...
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: In line with IEG's long-term agenda, we have delivered timely, highly relevant evaluations that speak to the current issues. Likewise, we have influenced debates in our three strategic engagement areas: inclusive and sustainable economic growth, investing in people, and fostering resilience to global shocks and threats. We completed an important assessment of how wellthe World Bank Group is positioned to attain its goal of boosting shared prosperity. The results should help the World Bank Group institutions-the International Bank for Reconstruction andDevelopment (IBRD), the International Development Association (IDA), the International Finance Corporation (IFC), and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)-adjust their programsto ensure ultimate success. We also completed two evaluations on delivering services to the poor and simultaneously stimulated discussions about the assessment of service delivery and behaviorchange. For our strategic engagement area on environmental sustainability, we put together a synthesis paper of all our findings on resilience to systemic shocks. During the year, we enhanced our investments in methodology. With the systematic involvement of our new methods advisor, we have seen a greater range of evaluation methods used in our major reports. These investments will further mature in the coming years and be the platform on which IEG can start testing new methods in the future
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  • 38
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This evaluation assesses the World Bank Group's effectiveness in supporting improved access to adequate, reliable, and sustained water and sanitation services in client countries. It also examines how well the Bank Group is equipped to support the countries in moving toward sustained water and sanitation services for all, with a focus on the poor, in keeping with Sustainable Development Goal 6. The World Bank Group provided USD 30.3 billion for WSS to client countries during FY2007-16. The World Bank accounted for the largest share with USD 28.4 billion (93 percent), followed by the International Finance Corporation (IFC) with USD 1.5 billion (5 percent), and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) with USD 0.4 billion (2 percent). Lack of financial viability and accountability of service providers are at the core of gaps and disparities in global water and sanitation services, and the World Bank Group's response has been inadequate. Securing financial viability and institutional accountability is also crucial to attract much needed investments into the water and sanitation service sector, including private sector finance. The water and sanitation services sector faces cross-sectoral challenges that are approaching crisis proportions in many areas, but the World Bank Group has not developed yet a systematic response to address such challenges. Without tackling financial viability and cross-sectoral impacts head-on, credible progress towards SDG 6 is unlikely. IEG's evaluation also highlights pioneering and successful initiatives by the Bank in the WSS sector in several countries. The challenge is to replicate these positive experiences elsewhere
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: The mobilization of domestic resources through reforms in taxation is essential to ensuring sustainable financing of development. The World Bank Group is engaged in several international initiatives that focus attention on constraints to growth, particularly in low-income economies, where domestic taxes and foreign private and market-related borrowing do not expand enough to compensate for declining flows of official development assistance. This Learning Note reviews existing IEG evaluative evidence on World Bank Group support to tax policy and administration reform over FY2005-15. Over FY2005-15, the vast majority of World Bank support to tax policy and administration reform has been provided through programmatic DPOs. For most of the operations, the tax reform component was a minor part of the operation, predominantly in the 10-14 percent range. In terms of project numbers, the majority of the approved operations were in the Latin America and the Caribbean and Sub-Saharan Africa Regions. IFC Advisory Services in business taxation are usually a small part of investment climate advisory services addressing other issues related to regulatory environment. Tax components in World Bank operations have been designed mostly to enhance revenue to enable fiscal consolidation or create/maintain fiscal space for priority expenditure and/or to improve investment climate or strengthen export competitiveness. With a few exceptions, reviewed DPOs did not specifically address the efficiency and equity of tax systems. The review draws lessons for both the design and implementation of operations and for country programs and World Bank Group strategic engagement in tax reform mobilization
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  • 40
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: Transformational engagements are a critical pillar of the World Bank Group's strategy for achieving its twin goals of extreme poverty elimination and shared prosperity. This learning product uses evaluative evidence from the Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) to understand the mechanisms and conditions for transformational engagements and the implications for the World Bank Group if it seeks to rely on such engagements to more effectively pursue its goals
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  • 41
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This evaluation assesses the early experience with the design and implementation of Program for Results (PforR) operations and identifies lessons and recommendations to strengthen this new instrument. When the report was completed in June 2016, none of the PforR programs had closed, and it was too early to draw definitive conclusions in many areas, but the evaluation has brought to light some important insights from the instrument's early design and implementation experience
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This evaluation assesses the World Bank Group's contributions towards capital market development in client countries. It examines the activities the Bank Group has in all segments of capital market development, both in the public and private sectors, including interventions across 64 countries. It draws conclusions on the Bank Group's strategic approach to capital markets, on the coordination across program areas, on the sequencing and clustering of reforms and on adapting advice to country and global needs. The report does not attempt to holistically cover all potential sources of long term development finance, and has limited itself to capital markets finance only. These areas are still to be evaluated
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  • 43
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: Land rights and the systems that administer them can vary significantly across the world and within countries (World Bank 2003). For a number of reasons, land rights may be unclear or insecure. Securing land rights plays an important role in driving economic growth and poverty reduction. In recent years there has been increasing awareness of the relevance of land tenure issues to food security, climate change, rapid urbanization, informality, and indigenous peoples' rights. The World Bank Group has a long history of developing and implementing projects aimed at securing land rights through a variety of interventions. This note synthesizes cross-cutting findings from 14 Independent Evaluation Group assessments of land administration projects that the World Bank has supported from 1998 to 2014. The project-level assessments reviewed for this report contain a wealth of information about how the Bank Group approached different problems related to strengthening land administration systems in diverse environments. This information is relevant to both land administration specialists and experts in other fields whose work is impacted by land tenure issues
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  • 44
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This learning product draws upon existing IEG evaluations, project documents and analytical work relating to the World Bank Group's (WBG's) experience with supporting efforts towards the rapid scale up of off-grid electrification (pico-solar products, individual solar home systems, and micro and mini-grids), in client countries. The focus is on experiences geared towards efficiently and effectively integrating off-grid electrification scale-up efforts with grid rollout - within a national roadmap for achieving universal access in a given time-frame. Relevant findings and lessons are framed as strategic considerations to inform the design, development and implementation of country engagements tailored to the prevailing sector conditions and readiness; through capacity building, technical assistance, and investment lending
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  • 45
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: Most of the world's poor ...
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: In keeping with our goal of informing the World Bank Group's activities and operations with timely, relevant evaluations, IEG refocused its work during the year. We introduced three strategic engagement areas (SEAs)-Inclusive Growth, Sustained Service Delivery for the Poor, and Environmental Sustainability. The strategic engagement areas aim to drive a more selective, coordinated, and focused approach within the organization and to align IEG's evaluation work more closely with the World Bank Group's priorities. The SEAs are also a platform for more effective stakeholder engagement-ensuring that IEG and Bank Group management engagement, for example, is focused on the most critical development challenges. IEG delivered a number of influential products during the year under each of the strategic engagement areas
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  • 47
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: Improved outcomes for women and children - more education, lower fertility rates, higher nutritional status, and lower incidence of illness, among other outcomes - have broad individual, family, and societal benefits. For nearly 15 years, the targets of the millennium development goals (MDGs) have been a bellwether for progress, particularly for maternal and child health (MCH) - a two-thirds reduction in under-five mortality in MDG 4 and a three-quarters reduction in the maternal mortality ratio in MDG 5. This systematic review by the Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) is a learning exercise that looks beyond World Bank experience. It is intended to be used a reference for practitioners in the Bank and elsewhere with an interest in interventions that have demonstrated attributable improvements in skilled birth attendance and reductions in maternal and child mortality. This review also identifies important gaps in the impact evaluation evidence for interventions that may be effective in reducing maternal and child mortality but whose impacts have not yet been tested using robust impact evaluation methods. The systematic review provides findings on what is known about the effects of interventions on skilled birth attendance, maternal mortality, neonatal mortality, infant mortality, and under-five mortality, as well as the effect of skilled birth attendance on these and other intermediate MCH outcomes. Finally, the review highlights the main gaps in the body of impact evaluation knowledge for maternal and child mortality
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: The report discusses how challenging it is for the World Bank Group to provide assistance when middle-income countries experience situations of fragility, conflict, and violence. The government may have its own views on how and when to tackle the underlying issues, or may be reluctant to increase its borrowing to correct what may be seen as a localized or temporary problem. Through examining such cases, IEG concluded that the Bank Group's comparative advantage is supporting countries in tackling long-term development challenges, including early engagement and a sustained presence in conflict-affected areas, as well as continuous dialogue with the parties to violent conflicts, where possible
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  • 49
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: The World Bank Group's new country engagement model consists of two separate but connected instruments: the Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) and the Country Partnership Framework (CPF). The SCD assesses the constraints and the steps a country needs to take to achieve the twin goals of poverty reduction and shared prosperity, and the CPF is the Bank Group's program of support to the borrowing country, typically over a five-year period. This evaluation found that the new SCD instrument has been well received, including by governments and development partners. The SCDs were strong in identification of opportunities for economic growth, but there were weaknesses in the dissemination of the reports, and a clear approach to governance was missing in some SCDs. The CPFs build on the country analysis in the SCDs, but aligning new program priorities has proven challenging, and there have also been weaknesses in how identified data gaps will be addressed. The identification of indicators for the results frameworks has been a strong point. The integration of IFC and MIGA into the CPF process has improved significantly, although some budget transparency issues remain. The expected areas of concentration for IFC and MIGA could be highlighted better in the results frameworks
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This paper is a survey of practices and results that have been observed in the implementation of PBGs, drawing largely upon four in-depth Project Performance Assessment Reports undertaken by IEG, in Serbia, Macedonia, and Montenegro. It also draws upon IEG's evaluations of Ghana's Poverty Reduction Support Credits, which provide background material on the 2015 Ghana PBG. A recent World Bank review of the Albania PBG was also taken into consideration. The report draws on IEG's technical analyses, coordinated with relevant units of the World Bank and, finally, interviews with a cross-section of World Bank staff. It therefore represents an initial step in building greater awareness of a relatively new and important tool in development finance
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: The World Bank offers three main categories of financing: investment project financing directly finances specific investments; Program for results financing uses country systems and disburses based on achievement of specific results; and Development Policy Financing (DPF) supports a government program of policy and institutional actions. The DPF instrument is intended to achieve development results primarily through the supported policy reforms and associated policy dialog and support. This learning product focusses on the World Bank's experience with DPOs in the Environment sector, broadly defined. For the purposes of this review, environmentalDPOs were defined to be any policy lending operation mapped to the Environment and Natural Resources (ENR) Global Practice or, prior to that, the Environment Sector Board, or any other policy lending operation with an environmental or disaster risk management theme as the primary or secondary theme (see Appendix C). This experience covers a wide range of sectors, including climate change mitigation and adaptation, green growth, natural resource management, disaster risk management, forestry, environmental policy, and others. Much of the experience is very new, with 25 of the 64 operations yet to be evaluated. Many of the active programs are among the first environmental DPOs in their country or region. Many operations were designed and implemented by teams that included staff with relatively little policy lending experience, and so the opportunity for learning is substantial
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  • 52
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: Access to essential health services is an important aspect of development. Governments from both developed and developing countries are increasingly looking at public-private partnerships (PPPs) as a way to expand access to higher-quality health services by leveraging capital, managerial capacity, and knowhow from the private sector. Originally confined to the traditional infrastructure sectors of transport, water, or energy, PPPs are increasingly applied also in social infrastructure sectors, particularly for delivery of health services. PPPs and other forms of private sector involvement in health are now also an important element of the World Bank Group's response to country health challenges, as reflected in the 2013 World Bank Group Strategy, the 2008 World Bank Group Health Development Strategy, the 2015 joint World Bank Group Approach to Harnessing the Private Sector in Health, various CASs and CPFs and IFC's FY17-19 and prior Strategy and Business Outlook reports. The objective of this review is to provide insights into the Bank Group's work of applying PPP arrangements in the health sector, to distill knowledge with regard to what works (and what does not), review the quality of work in structuring PPP arrangements, and identify lessons to be learned from successful and failed efforts to structure health PPPs approved during FY04-15. The review encompasses all institutions of the Bank Group engaged in PPPs in health
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: Access to adequate housing is critically important to the health and wellbeing of the world's population. Yet, despite the fact that this statement is part of the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights and has been on the global policy agenda for many years, hundreds of millions of people continue to live in inadequate conditions with little or no access to decent housing. The demand for housing solutions will increase as urbanization and population growth persists. The United Nations Human Settlements Program (UN-Habitat) has estimated that the number of people living in slums around the world will rise to 900 million by 2020 if nothing is done. Asia and Africa will face special challenges, because urbanization in those regions is proceeding rapidly. Housing is frequently unaffordable to all but the top earners. A recent report estimates a housing affordability gap affecting 330 million households, with 200 million households in the developing world living in slums (McKinsey Global Institute 2014). Research has shown that more and better housing increases the welfare of occupants. Homeownership may increase stability and civic engagement, and provide financial security in old age. Improvements in housing also have important benefits to the economy. Housing construction and home improvement generate demand for professional, skilled, semi-skilled, and unskilled labor; and allow many micro and small businesses to flourish. The housing market is an important component of national economies and housing booms and busts can have significant effects on the macro economy and financial sector. The core purpose of this learning product is to generate knowledge and provide lessons learned from World Bank Group support to housing finance. Lessons were derived primarily from evaluated interventions in the form of World Bank loans or International Finance Corporation (IFC) investments and advisory services. World Bank technical assistance and knowledge products and interventions on housing finance matters were considered when provided in the context of lending operations. One limitation faced in preparation of this learning product was the lack of coverage of stand-alone World Bank advisory services
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  • 54
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This appendix is an adjunct to the main report. It is not intended as a free-standing Country Program Evaluation (CPE) on the World Bank in Tonga. It provides additional underpinning and evidence for the overall story of the Bank's relevance and effectiveness in the PICs provided in the main report. The Tonga country assistance strategy (CAS) was prepared in 2010 and covered the period from FY11 to FY14. The CAS signaled a considerable scaling up of analytic and financial support for Tonga (and the other PICs). It identified connectivity as the Bank's major contribution over the previous five years, through the support for increased temporary migration opportunities and the encouragement of telecoms reform that led to the opening of the market for mobile telephones. In addition to the two broad themes in the regional framework (connectivity and resilience), the CAS added a third: Supporting policy reform to strengthen growth prospects and improve service delivery. Going forward the Bank planned to make increased use of the development policy operation (DPO) instrument which would support Tonga during the very difficult period it was going through at the time, given the combination of coping with the global crisis and with natural disasters. There was to be emphasis on support for improved governance and public financial management (PFM) reforms. Under the theme of Building resilience against shocks, the Bank looked to tap the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) to provide support for integrated adaptation and disaster risk management (DRM) activities. The GFDRR would also be used to "climate proof" future infrastructure investment. The CAS also declares the intention in small island states like Tonga to be, more nimble in project preparation and give greater attention to implementation support. The Bank can at times be more of an elephant than a lynx
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  • 55
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This evaluation focuses on the World Bank Group's support to enhancing industry-specific productivity and competitiveness, and examines the implications of improved industry competitiveness for employment during the last decade. The evaluation focuses on activities with explicit objectives to support competitiveness in the industries of manufacturing (including agribusiness), information and communication technology, tourism, and agriculture. The support to economy wide reforms, which in turn might also have an impact on these industries, is beyond the scope of this evaluation. The report draws conclusions on the relevance of the Bank Group's support to productivity and competitiveness, the design and operational implementation of Bank Group strategies and performance results across different countries including the impact on employment generation
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: At the United Nations General Assembly in September 2015, world leaders endorsed 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a successor framework to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Placing economic, social, and environmental sustainability at the center of development, the new agenda has the potential for a historic shift in achieving the goal of ending poverty and promoting shared prosperity. Within this changed and changing context, the operations and modus operandi of the International Development Association (IDA) are being examined. As the world's largest provider of financial resources to the poorest countries, it is expected to deliver greater results in the new development paradigm. In line with the commitment to learning from the past, this synthesis report presents findings from recent evaluations and analysis from the Independent Evaluation Group (IEG). Focusing on the special themes under IDA16 and IDA17, it aims to offer evaluation evidence on what has and has not worked in IDA priority areas in order to support the IDA18 replenishment discussions
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  • 57
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: The World Bank Group's self-evaluation systems have expanded since they started 40 years ago, and compliance with requirements is mostly strong. They systems mesh well with the independent evaluation systems for which they provide information and the systems have been emulated and adapted by other development agencies. However, the self-evaluation systems primarily focus on results reporting and accountability needs and do not provide the information necessary to help the Bank Group transform into a "Solutions Bank" or develop learning to enhance performance as emphasized in its 2013 strategy. Information generated through the systems is not regularly mined for knowledge and learning except by IEG, and its use for project and portfolio performance management can be improved. The systems produce corporate results measures but need to produce value to staff and line management and to the primary beneficiaries of the "Solutions Bank"-client governments, implementing agencies, firms, and beneficiaries and citizens
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  • 58
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) Learning Product addresses the effectiveness of World Bank interventions during fiscal years (FY) 2000-2015 in supporting client countries for improving the financial performance and long-term viability of their electricity sectors. Like other IEG learning products, this study is a synthesis of evaluation findings, cross-cutting lessons, and good practices from existing IEG evaluations, supplemented with a targeted literature review. This study compiled a comprehensive inventory of World Bank electricity sector investment projects approved during FY2000-2015 that contain components and covenants for improving sector financial performance and viability. IEG conducted a targeted literature survey to compile the latest analysis on electricity sector financial viability in developing countries and compiled the leading electricity utilities' profitability trends between 2003 and 2013 for a sample of 40 World Bank client countries. The study uses available data to characterize an empirical relationship between sector financial performance and sector outcomes. This study's analysis shows that most investment loans with financial components and covenants for the electricity sector show a moderately satisfactory or better performance regarding their financial performance objectives. This study book is arranged as follows: second chapter is an overview of developing country electricity sector financial performance and financial viability drivers, and it characterizes the link between financial viability and sector outcomes; third chapter covers the role of investment loans in improving sector financial viability and analyzes their performance; fourth chapter covers the role of development policy operations (DPOs) for improving sector financial viability and analyzes their performance; and fifth chapter summarizes the main findings and lessons from World Bank support for sector financial viability and illustrates them with relevant investment loan and DPO examples
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  • 59
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: The six independent membe ...
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: The World Bank Group is currently engaged in reflection and debate on how to improve the delivery of development support. Part of this debate concerns strengthening the knowledge agenda. The findings of this evaluation are particularly relevant because they speak directly to questions that the institution is deliberating. In particular, they address four key aspects of the "science of delivery": the role of local partners or local knowledge hubs; consultation with clients and other stakeholders in the process of designing knowledge services; delivery of knowledge on issues that are relevant to the client; and improving the way the Bank Group learns from upper-middle-income countries and intermediating this knowledge to other countries. The evaluation assesses knowledge-based activities in nine country programs selected from 48 knowledge-intensive programs supported by the Bank Group. It identifies the factors in the success or failure of those activities as they contribute to policy making or development outcomes. It also identifies areas of strength for the Bank Group as well as areas of weakness or risk. The main objective of the evaluation is to learn lessons from practices in a focus group of high-income and upper-middle-income countries that have knowledge-based programs with the Bank Group. The findings have implications for the Bank Group's knowledge work, including governance and incentives. Over the past 15 years, Bank Group country programs have shifted toward more intensive delivery of knowledge services relative to lending, and this trend is expected to continue. The evaluation was done on economic and sector work and non-lending technical assistance activities selected from a purposive sample of knowledge-intensive country programs. In addition, the evaluation assessed International Finance Corporation Advisory Services for their synergy with the Bank's analytical and advisory activities. The lessons from this evaluation could help leverage the Bank Group's global knowledge to meet the needs of countries that mainly rely on knowledge services and are not pressed for financing
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This learning product reviews the extent to which political economy analysis (PEA) is used to improve the design of development policy operations (DPOs) and how effective it has been. Although the World Bank's mandate explicitly precludes it from engaging in politics, an understanding of the political economy is critical for the organization's effectiveness. A political economy perspective broadens the World Bank's operational considerations beyond technical analysis to the significance of power relations and the national political processes. This study mostly builds on evaluative findings from previous IEG work, including ICRRs, PPARs of long-term programmatic series (Tanzania, Vietnam, Uganda, and Ghana PRSCs). Supplementary evaluative evidence was gathered through a portfolio review of randomly selected DPOs, internal PEA reports, and Systematic Country Diagnostic reports (SCDs) relevant for DPOs. The study found that PEA can improve the design of DPOs by identifying implementation risks and mitigating action; there are different ways to make use of PEA; PEA can inform specific design elements, and that PEA can be used in self-evaluations to better analyze factors affecting program effectiveness and contribute to knowledge and improved design
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: The year 2015 is pivotal in international development. As the era of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) concludes, work continues to take forward the unfinished MDG agenda and to define and meet the more ambitious Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In preparation for the new challenges, the World Bank Group is changing. A new strategy in 2013 set two ambitious goals: ending extreme poverty by 2030 and boosting shared prosperity for the bottom 40 percent in a sustainable manner. To achieve the twin goals and contribute significantly to the SDGs, it is important to reflect on the Bank Group's experience with the MDGs to draw lessons for its engagement with the post-2015 agenda. This report also reviews the effectiveness of the Bank Group's portfolio and country programs for delivering results, and its implementation of Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) recommendations
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  • 63
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: Access to financial servi ...
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