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  • 2005-2009  (191)
  • 1990-1994
  • 2009  (191)
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development  (135)
  • Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques  (55)
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  • 2005-2009  (191)
  • 1990-1994
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  • 1
    Language: English
    Pages: 2008 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2009/06
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  • 2
    Language: English
    Pages: 20 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2009/07
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  • 3
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2009/19
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  • 4
    Language: English
    Pages: 22 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2009/08
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  • 5
    Language: English
    Pages: 16 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2009/27
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  • 6
    Language: English
    Pages: 48 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2009/12
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1996-5753
    Language: French
    Pages: 96 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Compendium of Country Examples and Lessons Learned from Applying the Methodology for Assessment of National Procurement Systems: Sharing Experiences
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le développement
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 4, p. 65-160
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Ce document présente l’expérience de 22 pays d’Afrique, d’Amérique latine et d’Asie et les enseignements qu’ils ont tirés de l’application de la Méthodologie d’évaluation des régimes nationaux de passation des marchés proposée par l’Activité conjointe du CAD-OCDE sur la passation des marchés. La Méthodologie a été mise au point et jugée apte à être testée sur le terrain en 2006 comme un outil visant à faciliter la réalisation des objectifs de la Déclaration de Paris et à promouvoir le renforcement des systèmes de passation des marchés. Elle est le résultat des efforts conjoints de partenaires du développement multilatéraux et bilatéraux et de pays partenaires à travers le monde. Ces expériences et enseignements constituent les premiers résultats obtenus par un panel de gouvernements partenaires qui se sont portés volontaires travaillant en coopération avec les parties prenantes nationales de la société civile, du secteur privé, des médias, des membres élus des assemblées représentatives et leurs partenaires du développement international. Le présent document se limite à la mise en commun des expériences relatives à l’utilisation de la Méthodologie. Les exemples pays tirés des exercices pilotes et d’autres applications sont utilisés au titre d’études de cas. On trouvera en Annexe A une cartographie des expériences de divers pays ayant appliqué la Méthodologie. Ce document a pour ambition de réunir des informations contextuelles utiles tirées de diverses sources.
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: general papers Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 37-62
    ISSN: 1995-283X
    Language: English
    Pages: 27 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: general papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 37-62
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: It is now time to invest in Africa. The prospects are good. Africa is already attracting growing flows of private resources, as a result of its greater political stability and economic reforms. Significant new investors are now engaging in Africa, from within and outside the continent. Development assistance and debt relief alone will not be sufficient to achieve the Millennium Development Goals. Africa now needs more and sustainable investment, both domestic and foreign, in order to accelerate economic growth and progress in poverty reduction, and become better integrated into the global economy. We call for the fulfilment of commitments made at African and G8 Summits and other global fora, including support from development partners to help Africa mobilise more investment, and better focus on mobilisible domestic revenue sources and indigenous resources. Areas such as infrastructure, extractive industry, tourism, agribusiness and ICT are particularly important drivers of development, and require support from development partners.
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 29-31
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 3 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Summary Notes
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 29-31
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: États-Unis Loi approuvant l’accord 123 entre les États-Unis et l’Inde (2008) Agence Internationale De L’Énergie Atomique Approbation par le Conseil des Gouverneurs de l’AIEA de l’accord sur les garanties conclu avec l’Inde (2008) Groupe Des Fournisseurs Nucléaires Déclaration sur la coopération nucléaire civile avec l’Inde (2008)
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  • 10
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 57-121
    ISSN: 1684-3452
    Language: French
    Pages: 66 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Prosecuting Cartels without Direct Evidence of Agreement
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 57-121
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Tous les pays utilisent des preuves indirectes dans les affaires d'entente. La meilleure pratique consiste à utiliser des preuves indirectes dans une perspective d'ensemble, afin de générer un effet cumulatif, plutôt que sur une base individuelle. Les législations nationales sur la concurrence contiennent des dispositions qui compliquent l'utilisation de preuves indirectes car elles ne donnent pas toutes la même définition de la nature des " accords " soumis à la loi. Il existe deux catégories générales de preuves indirectes : celles fondées sur une communication et celles de nature économique. Des deux, les preuves fondées sur une communication sont considérées comme les plus importantes. Les preuves de nature économique sont presque toujours ambiguës. Elles peuvent corroborer l'existence d'une entente comme celle d'une action indépendante. C'est pourquoi une analyse détaillée est de mise. Le traitement national des ententes, considérées comme un délit pénal ou une infraction administrative, peut influer sur la charge de la preuve qui s'applique à l'affaire, et donc sur l'utilisation des preuves indirectes. Il peut être difficile de convaincre les tribunaux d'accepter des preuves indirectes dans des affaires d'entente, surtout lorsque la responsabilité potentielle liée à la violation de dispositions prohibant les ententes contenues dans la législation sur la concurrence est élevée. Dans les pays dans lesquels l'application de la législation contre les ententes est relativement récente, certaines circonstances peuvent influer sur la confiance accordée aux preuves indirectes.
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  • 11
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 49-105
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 58 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ententes : Poursuites en l'absence de preuves directes
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 49-105
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Circumstantial evidence is employed in cartel cases in all countries. The better practice is to use circumstantial evidence holistically, giving it cumulative effect, rather than on an item-by-item basis. Complicating the use of circumstantial evidence are provisions in national competition laws that variously define the nature of agreements that are subject to the law. There are two general types of circumstantial evidence: communication evidence and economic evidence. Of the two, communication evidence is considered to be the more important. Economic evidence is almost always ambiguous. It could be consistent with either agreement or independent action. Therefore it requires careful analysis. National treatment of cartels, such as whether they are prosecuted as crimes or as administrative violations, can affect the burden of proof that applies to the cases, and hence the use of circumstantial evidence. It can be difficult to convince courts to accept circumstantial evidence in cartel cases, especially where the potential liability for having violated the anti-cartel provisions of the competition law is high. There are circumstances in countries that are relatively new to anti-cartel enforcement that could affect the extent to which they rely on circumstantial evidence in their cases.
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  • 12
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le développement Vol. 9, no. 4, p. 7-63
    ISSN: 1996-5753
    Language: French
    Pages: 57 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Employment and Social Protection
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le développement
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 4, p. 7-63
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: L’emploi et la protection sociale sont deux moyens déterminants d’assurer l’instauration d’une croissance pro-pauvres et la réalisation des Objectifs du millénaire pour le développement. Dans les pays en voie de développement la majorité des pauvres travaillent, mais principalement dans le secteur informel de l’économie, où les conditions d’emploi sont médiocres, la productivité faible et les revenus insuffisants. Une action visant à créer des conditions plus propices à la création d’entreprises à l’échelon local entraînera une amélioration des résultats obtenus sur le plan de l’emploi dans les pays en développement. La protection sociale est un investissement dans les personnes. Elle offre aux ménages la possibilité d’investir dans des activités productives et dans leur capital humain, et d’accroître ainsi leur productivité et leurs revenus. La protection sociale et l’emploi sont des priorités de développement permanentes, mais ils revêtent encore plus d’importance en période de difficulté économique. Il est jugé de plus en plus souhaitable, dans les pays en développement, que les pouvoirs publics intensifient leur action dans ces deux domaines.
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  • 13
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le développement Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 67-161
    ISSN: 1996-5753
    Language: French
    Pages: 96 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Concepts and dilemmas of State building in fragile situations: From fragility to resilience
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le développement
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 67-161
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Ce rapport vise à combler une lacune d’importance et à éclairer le débat sur le renforcement de l’État. Il apporte des précisions utiles sur les causes et les caractéristiques de la fragilité, ainsi que sur les moyens qu’a un État de parvenir à la stabilité et d’assurer sa résilience à terme. Il montre que le renforcement de l’État doit être envisagé sous l’angle de la formation de l’État et des relations entre l’État et la société. Sur cette base, il passe en revue les conséquences qui en découlent pour les efforts internationaux de renforcement de l’État au regard des divers aspects de la fragilité et se clôt sur un ensemble de recommandations pratiques pour l’élaboration des politiques et des programmes des donneurs bilatéraux et multilatéraux.
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  • 14
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 109-127
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 19 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. National Legislative and Regulatory Activities
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 109-127
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Belgium ; Brazil ; France ; Ireland ; Japan ; Korea, Republic of ; Moldova, Republic of ; Romania ; Serbia ; Slovenia ; Switzerland ; Turkey ; United States
    Abstract: Le premier amendement modifie le financement des activités de l’Agence fédérale de contrôle nucléaire (AFCN) dans la mesure où une partie des frais de fonctionnement est transformée en ressource d’origine fiscale. En plus de ces ressources fiscales, des frais de fonctionnement et des amendes administratives, le financement peut s’opérer par le biais de donations, de legs et d’autres modes de financement.
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  • 15
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 199-202
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 4 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. International Regulatory Activities
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 199-202
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Agence Internationale De L’Énergie Atomique Orientations pour l’importation et l’exportation de sources radioactives, complémentaires au Code de conduite sur la sûreté et la sécurité des sources radioactives (2008)52e Conférence générale de l’AIEA (2008)
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  • 16
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 7-47
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 42 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ententes : Sanctions pénales contre les personnes physiques
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 7-47
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Corporate sanctions rarely are sufficiently high to be an optimal deterrent against cartels. Sanctions against natural persons can thus complement them. There is no systematic evidence proving the deterrent effects of sanctions on individuals, and/or assessing whether such sanctions can be justified. There is a trend among countries to accept as self-evident that individual sanctions, including imprisonment, can be a useful part of effective anti-cartel enforcement. If a country provides for individual sanctions, a strong argument can be made that relatively short prison sentences are the most cost effective deterrent. However, there are also reasons why countries may provide for longer prison sentences, most importantly that only longer statutory sentences adequately express a society’s condemnation of hard-core cartels. In addition to increasing levels of deterrence, sanctions against individuals can be a powerful incentive for individuals to reveal information about existing cartels and to cooperate in investigations. International law does not recognise the principle of double jeopardy that would prevent authorities in different countries from prosecuting the same person for participation in the same cartel. Nevertheless, where cartels are investigated in a multi-jurisdictional context, jurisdictions may consider arrangements to ensure that only one of them prosecutes an individual.
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  • 17
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 125-140
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 16 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. National Legislative and Regulatory Activities
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 125-140
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Belarus ; France ; Germany ; Hungary ; Indonesia ; Italy ; Montenegro ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Ukraine ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Abstract: Allemagne Amendement à la Loi de 1986 relative aux mesures préventives destinées à protéger la population contre les dangers des rayonnements ionisants (2008) Règlement relatif au transport international ferroviaire des marchandises dangereuses (2008) Loi relative aux Protocoles de 2004 portant modification de la Convention de Paris et de la Convention complémentaire de Bruxelles ; Amendement à la Loi sur l’énergie atomique (2008) République Du Bélarus Loi relative à l’utilisation de l’énergie nucléaire (2008) États-Unis Stratégie de délivrance d’autorisation pour les centrales nucléaires de nouvelle génération (2008) Santé publique et normes environnementales de protection contre les rayonnements pour le site de Yucca Mountain, Nevada (2008) Ajustement de l’inflation sur la loi Price-Anderson (2008) France Guide de sûreté relative au stockage définitif des déchets radioactifs en formation géologique profonde (2008) Décret relatif aux procédures applicables au traitement des combustibles usés et des déchets radioactifs provenant de l’étranger (2008) Hongrie Stratégie cadre de la Politique énergétique 2007-2020 (2008) Indonésie Règlement sur la délivrance d’autorisations des usages de sources de rayonnements ionisants et de matières nucléaires (2008) Italie Mise en oeuvre de la loi relative aux dispositions urgentes pour le développement économique etc. (2008) Montenegro Loi sur l’environnement (2008) Cadre législatif et réglementaire au Monténégro Roumanie Décision relative à la structure de l’Agence nucléaire (2008) Décision relative à la sélection des investisseurs pour les unités 3 et 4 de la centrale nucléaire de Cernavoda (2008) Version consolidée de la Loi de Protection Civile (2008)Stratégie nationale de prévention des situations d’urgence (2008) Stratégie nationale pour le partage de l’information et la communication en cas de situation d’urgence (2008) Fédération De Russie Décret relatif à un transfert de responsabilités au Ministre des Ressources naturelles et de l’Écologie (2008) République Slovaque Transposition de la Directive du Conseil 2006/117/Euratom (2008) Royaume-Uni Nouveau Ministère de l’Énergie et du Changement Climatique (2008) Ukraine Décret instituant l’entreprise d’État « Combustible Nucléaire » (2008) Amendement à la loi sur la gestion des déchets radioactifs (2008)
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  • 18
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 91-93
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 3 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Section 123 of U.S. Atomic Energy Act
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 91-93
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Cet article présente le texte de l'Article 123 de la Loi sur l’énergie atomique de 1954 (U.S. Atomic Energy Act).
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  • 19
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 61-148
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Language: English
    Pages: 89 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Concepts et dilemmes pour le renforcement de l'État dans les situations de fragilité : De la fragilité à la résilience
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 61-148
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: This paper aims to fill a significant gap and bring greater clarity to the policy discussion about state building. It offers important insights into the causes and features of fragility, and how states can reach stability and resilience over time. The report highlights that state building needs to be seen in the context of state formation and state-society relations. It provides practical recommendations for donors that wish to support national state-building processes.
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  • 20
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 95-115
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 21 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environmental Law and Nuclear Law: A Growing Symbiosis, by Sam Emmerechts
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 95-115
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Le développement du droit international nucléaire lors des 50 dernières années s’est concentré sur la protection des personnes et des biens. La protection de l’environnement n’a été considérée que de manière occasionnelle, et les conventions internationales relatives à la responsabilité civile nucléaire illustrent amplement cette dimension. Sous le régime de la Convention de Paris de 1960 sur la responsabilité civile dans le domaine de l’énergie nucléaire et de la Convention de Vienne de 1963 relative à la responsabilité civile en matière de dommages nucléaires, la notion de dommage nucléaire recouvre le dommage aux personnes physiques et le dommage aux biens causés par un incident nucléaire. Ces conventions ne font pas référence aux atteintes à l’environnement.
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  • 21
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Language: English
    Pages: 86 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Compendium des exemples pays et enseignements tirés de l'application de la Méthodologie d'évaluation des régimes nationaux de passation des marchés : Mise en commun des expériences
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 4, p. 55-140
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Abstract: This paper presents the experiences and the lessons learned by 22 partner countries in Africa, Latin America and Asia related to the application of the Methodology for the Assessment of National Procurement Systems of the OECD/DAC Joint Venture on Procurement. The Methodology was developed and approved for field testing in 2006 as an input for implementing the Paris Declaration agenda and to assist in strengthening country procurement systems. It is the result of the joint efforts of multilateral and bilateral development partners and of partner countries from around the world. These experiences and lessons represent some early results achieved by a group of volunteer partner governments working in collaboration with national stakeholders from civil society, the private sector, the media, elected members of parliament and with their international development partners. The present document is limited to sharing experiences in using the Methodology. Country examples from the pilot exercises and from other applications are used as case studies. A mapping of various country experiences in using the Methodology is provided in Annex A. The present document seeks to provide useful background information drawn from various available sources.
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  • 22
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: general papers Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 87-126
    ISSN: 1995-283X
    Language: English
    Pages: 41 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: general papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 87-126
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: It is time to deliver for women and girls. Africa’s growth and development agenda can only succeed if the continent is able to draw on all its resources and talents, and if women are able to participate fully in economic, social and political life. This will require intensified efforts to eliminate discrimination and promote equal rights. The strong commitment which has been demonstrated by African governments needs to be complemented by strong support from the wider international community, within the framework of a clear allocation of responsibilities, and the clear mapping out of specific steps and measures.
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  • 23
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 123-159
    ISSN: 1684-3452
    Language: French
    Pages: 38 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Monitoring Review of Korea
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 123-159
    Keywords: Governance ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: Ce rapport passe en revue ce qui a été accompli au titre de la Feuille de route de trois ans concernant la réforme du marché en Corée. Cette évaluation est menée à la lumière de divers facteurs : les recommandations de l'OCDE demandant à la KFTC de redéfinir ses priorités et de réorienter ses ressources pour cibler les problèmes fondamentaux de concurrence liés à des objectifs d'efficience, alors qu'elle se concentrait traditionnellement sur la structure financière et la gouvernance des conglomérats; la nécessité de renforcer les pouvoirs d'investigation et d'adopter des dispositions plus claires contre les ententes injustifiables; la mise en oeuvre des recommandations visant à supprimer les exemptions qui protègent les petites entreprises de la concurrence et les exclusions des services professionnels, et d'assurer une coordination avec les autorités sectorielles de réglementation sur les problèmes de concurrence ; enfin, les changements institutionnels récents destinés à intégrer la KFTC au système d'application du droit des consommateurs. Le Comité de la concurrence s'est appuyé sur ce rapport pour effectuer un examen de suivi lors de sa réunion d'octobre 2006.
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  • 24
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 141-141
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Accords bilatéraux
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 141-141
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This article presents a selective list of bilateral agreements which have been concluded during the course of the first half of 2009.
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  • 25
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 87-98
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 12 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Jurisprudence
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 87-98
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Canada ; France ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: By decision dated 7 April 2009, Mr. Justice Hughes of the Federal Court of Canada denied an application for judicial review submitted by Linda Keen, the former President of the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC), by which she challenged the legality of the Order in Council which removed her as President. The court dismissed the application,2 finding that the decision had been lawful.
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  • 26
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 7-60
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Language: English
    Pages: 55 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Prestation de services dans les situations de fragilité : Principaux concepts, constats et enseignements
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 7-60
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: The establishment of effective and durable public services is a first priority in situations of fragility and conflict. This paper provides an understanding of the mutual influence of state fragility and service delivery and offers guidance to strengthen service provision and governance in these states. Based on an analysis of the major policy issues and approaches available, the paper identifies the challenges and dilemmas the international community and its partners face in fragile settings. It concludes with a set of policy lessons and recommendations intended to help donors better target their interventions.
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  • 27
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 117-133
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 17 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Loi relative à la gestion des déchets radioactifs (République de Corée, 2009)
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 117-133
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: The purpose of this act is to safeguard against the dangers and harmful effects of radioactive waste and to contribute to public safety and environmental protection by laying down requirements for the safe and efficient management of radioactive waste.
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  • 28
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 203-233
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 31 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Bilateral & Multilateral Agreements
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 203-233
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
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  • 29
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: general papers Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 63-85
    ISSN: 1995-283X
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: general papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 63-85
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: More action is needed, by both Africa and the wider international community. Building peace and security is essential, both for economic development and for poverty reduction. Leadership is being taken by Africa itself. The number of conflicts has fallen. But even so, one-fifth of the population of Africa still live in conflict zones. More action is needed both to strengthen and support Africa’s own efforts to bring peace to the continent, and to tackle the wider global drivers of conflict, including the illicit trade in small arms and light weapons, and the trade in conflict resources.
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  • 30
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 135-139
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 5 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Travaux réglementaires internationaux
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 135-139
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This revised proposal,1 adopted by the European Commission on 26 November 2008, replaces and updates the one tabled in September 2004.2 It is based on the principles and requirements of both the Convention on Nuclear Safety3 (CNS) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Safety Fundamentals.
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  • 31
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 147-151
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 6 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. International Regulatory Activities
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 147-151
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: La proposition révisée1, adoptée par la Commission européenne le 26 novembre 2008, remplace et met à jour celle présentée en septembre 20042. Elle se base sur les principes et exigences de la Convention sur la sûreté nucléaire (CSN)3 et les principes fondamentaux de sûreté de l’Agence internationale de l’énergie atomique (AIEA).
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  • 32
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 129-145
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 17 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Radioactive Waste Management Act (Republic of Korea, 2009)
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 129-145
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: L’objectif de cette loi est la protection contre les dangers et les effets néfastes des déchets radioactifs et de contribuer à la sécurité du public et à la protection de l’environnement en instaurant les conditions d’une gestion sûre et efficace des déchets radioactifs.
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  • 33
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 141-197
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 57 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Texts
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 141-197
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: République du Bélarus Loi relative à l’utilisation de l’énergie nucléaire (2008)Décret relatif à certaines mesures à prendre en vue de la construction d’une centrale nucléaire (2007)Règlement relatif au Département de la sûreté nucléaire et de la sûreté radiologique du Ministère des situations d’urgence de la République du Bélarus (2007)Résolution du Conseil de sécurité sur le développement de l’énergie nucléaire (2008) Espagne Loi portant création du Conseil de la sécurité nucléaire (2007)
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  • 34
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le développement Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 7-65
    ISSN: 1996-5753
    Language: French
    Pages: 60 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Service delivery in fragile situations: Key concepts, findings and lessons
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le développement
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 7-65
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: La mise en place de services publics efficaces et pérennes est une priorité dans les États fragiles ou affectés par un conflit. Ce rapport permet de mieux comprendre la relation entre la fragilité de l’État et la fourniture de services, et donne des orientations aux donneurs qui souhaitent renforcer la fourniture de services et les structures de gouvernance dans ces États. A partir d’une analyse des principales questions qui se posent aux pouvoirs publics et des approches à leur disposition, le rapport recense les défis et difficultés auxquels doivent faire face la communauté internationale et ses partenaires dans les situations précaires. En conclusion, le rapport dégage des enseignements de l’expérience et formule des recommandations destinées à aider les donneurs à mieux cibler leurs interventions.
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  • 35
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 117-124
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 8 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Case Law
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 117-124
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Canada ; Germany ; United States
    Abstract: Allemagne Jugement de la Cour Administrative Fédérale relatif aux supposées « Biblis-obligations » (2008) Canada La Cour du Banc de la Reine du Nouveau-Brunswick refuse la divulgation en vertu de la loi sur le droit à l’information de la province d’une étude de faisabilité sur l’énergie nucléaire (2008) États-Unis Jugement de la Cour fédérale relatif à l’interprétation du « Standard Contract » du Département de l’Énergie américain (2008) Décision sommaire de la Cour d’Appel des États-Unis sur les demandes de révision des règlements de la Commission de la réglementation nucléaire (2008)
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  • 36
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: general papers Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 5-35
    ISSN: 1995-283X
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: general papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 5-35
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Climate change is a major threat to sustainable growth and development in Africa, and the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. Africa is particularly vulnerable to climate change because of its overdependence on rain-fed agriculture, compounded by factors such as widespread poverty and weak capacity. The main longer-term impacts include: changing rainfall patterns affecting agriculture and reducing food security; worsening water security; decreasing fish resources in large lakes due to rising temperature; shifting vectorborne diseases; rising sea level affecting low-lying coastal areas with large populations; and rising water stress.
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  • 37
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 107-137
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Corée : Mise à jour du Rapport sur la loi et les institutions en matière de concurrence
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 107-137
    Keywords: Governance ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: This report reviews the achievements of the Korean 3-Year Market Reform Road Map. This assessment is carried out in light of the OECD’s previous recommendations to shift KFTC priorities and resources toward core competition problems related to efficiency goals and away from its historic focus on conglomerate financial structure and governance; the need for further improvements in investigative powers and a clearer rule against hard-core cartels; implementation of recommendations to repeal exemptions for “small” business and exclusions of professional services and co-ordination with sectoral regulators about competition problems; and recent institutional changes to join the KFTC with the system for applying consumer protection law. This report was the basis for a monitoring review in the October 2006 session of the Competition Committee.
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  • 38
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 153-154
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 2 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Bilateral Agreements
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 153-154
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
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  • 39
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 7-55
    ISSN: 1684-3452
    Language: French
    Pages: 50 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cartels: Sanctions against Individuals
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 7-55
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Les sanctions infligées aux entreprises sont rarement suffisamment sévères pour avoir un effet dissuasif optimal sur les ententes ; les sanctions contre des personnes physiques peuvent les compléter. On ne dispose pas de données prouvant les effets dissuasifs de sanctions contre des personnes physiques et/ou évaluant si ces sanctions peuvent se justifier. Les pays ont tendance à accepter comme allant de soi que des sanctions individuelles, y compris des peines de prison, peuvent utilement faire partie de l'arsenal visant à faire appliquer la loi efficacement. Si un pays prévoit des sanctions individuelles, on peut argumenter que des peines de prison relativement courtes sont le moyen de dissuasion le plus efficace du point de vue du coût. Il y a cependant également des raisons pour prévoir dans certains pays des peines de prison plus longues: seules les peines plus longues prévues par la loi expriment comme il convient la condamnation des ententes injustifiables par une collectivité. Les sanctions infligées à des individus relèvent les niveaux de dissuasion; elles constituent également une puissante incitation à révéler des informations sur les ententes existantes et à coopérer aux enquêtes. Le droit international ne reconnaît pas le principe de double incrimination qui empêcherait les autorités de différents pays de poursuivre la même personne pour sa participation à la même entente. Néanmoins, lorsque des ententes font l'objet d'instructions dans un contexte multi-juridictionnel, les juridictions peuvent envisager des arrangements de sorte qu'une seule d'entre elles poursuive la personne.
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  • 40
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 33-89
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 57 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Agreements/Statements
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 33-89
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Déclaration conjointe du Président George W. Bush et du premier Ministre Manmohan Singh, le 18 juillet 2005 (2005) Mise en oeuvre de la Déclaration commune Inde – États-Unis du 18 juillet 2005 : plan de séparation de l’Inde (2006) Accord de coopération sur les utilisations pacifiques de l’énergie nucléaire entre le gouvernement des États-Unis et l’Inde (2007) Agreement Between the Government of India and the International Atomic Energy Agency for the Application of Safeguards to Civilian Nuclear Facilities (2008) (Accord entre le gouvernement indien et l’Agence internationale de l’énergie atomique relatif à l’application des garanties aux installations nucléaires civiles) Groupe des fournisseurs nucléaires – Déclaration sur la coopération nucléaire civile avec l’Inde (2008)
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  • 41
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 9, no. 4, p. 7-54
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Language: English
    Pages: 48 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vers une croissance pro-pauvres : L'emploi et la protection sociale
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 4, p. 7-54
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Employment and social protection are two critical avenues towards achieving pro-poor growth and the Millennium Development Goals. In developing countries the majority of poor people work, but employment conditions are poor, productivity is low and incomes inadequate. Policies that improve conditions in the informal economy, increase the productivity and employability of poor people and improve the enabling environment for local entrepreneurship will lead to better employment outcomes. Social protection enables households to invest in productive activities and human capital, which raises their productivity and incomes. Social protection can be affordable, including for low-income countries, and efficiently tackles poverty through improved health, increased school attendance and less hunger and malnutrition. There is growing demand in developing countries for more public action on social protection and employment. To help donors respond, at its High Level Meeting on 27-28 May 2009 the DAC endorsed the following policy statement which encourages donors to provide adequate, long-term and predictable financial assistance to underpin developing countries’ efforts to build social protection systems and to make employment and decent work a key objective of development co-operation. In addition, through its Network on Poverty Reduction (POVNET), the DAC has developed policy guidance notes for donors on employment and social protection.
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  • 42
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 99-115
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 17 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Travaux législatifs et réglementaires nationaux
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 99-115
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Belgium ; Brazil ; France ; Ireland ; Japan ; Korea, Republic of ; Moldova, Republic of ; Romania ; Serbia ; Slovenia ; Switzerland ; Turkey ; United States
    Abstract: One amendment changes the funding of the activities of the Federal Agency for Nuclear Control (FANC) whereby part of the fees is transformed into taxes. Besides taxes, fees and administrative fines, funding is possible by means of donations, legacies and extra fees.
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  • 43
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 95-108
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 14 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Case Law
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 95-108
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Canada ; France ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: Dans une décision rendue le 7 avril 2009, le juge Hughes, de la Cour fédérale du Canada a refusé la demande de révision judiciaire soumise par Linda Keen, l’ancienne présidente de la Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire (CCSN). Mme Keen remettait en cause la légalité du décret la congédiant de son poste de présidente. La Cour a rejeté la demande2 et conclu que la décision était légitime.
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9789264076280
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (20 p)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 232; Collembolan Reproduction Test in Soil
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 232: Collembolan Reproduction Test in Soil
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne directrice est destinée à évaluer les effets des substances chimiques sur la reproduction des collemboles dans le sol. Folsomia candida, qui se reproduit par parthénogénèse, est l’espèce recommandée, mais une autre espèce telle que Folsomia Fimetaria, dont la reproduction est sexuée, peut aussi être utilisée si les critères de validité sont remplis. Cette Ligne directrice peut être utilisée pour des substances solubles ou insolubles, mais elle ne s’applique pas aux substances volatiles. L’objectif est de déterminer les effets toxiques de la substance sur la mortalité des adultes et sur le taux de reproduction exprimé respectivement par la CLx et la CEx, ou par les valeurs CSEO/CMEO. Le nombre de concentrations d’essai varie en fonction des effets à mesurer. Pour une approche combinée visant à déterminer les CSEO/CMEO, huit concentrations formant une série géométrique, quatre réplicats pour chaque concentration et huit réplicats témoins sont utilisés. Dans chaque récipient d’essai, 10 juvéniles F. candida (ou 10 males et 10 femelles F. fimetaria) sont placés sur 30 g de sol artificiel modifié OCDE contenant 5 % de matière organique. La durée d’un essai de reproduction définitif est de 4 semaines pour F. candida et de 3 semaines pour F. fimetaria.
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9789264071193
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (15 p.)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 451; Carcinogenicity Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 451: Carcinogenicity Studies
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: L’objectif d’une étude à long terme de cancérogénèse est d’observer des animaux d’essai au cours de la majeure partie de leur durée de vie, pour suivre le développement éventuel de lésions néoplasiques durant ou après l’exposition à de diverses doses d’une substance d’essai par une voie d’administration appropriée. Cette Ligne directrice concerne principalement des essais sur rats et souris, et une administration orale. Les deux sexes sont employés. Chaque groupe de dose et groupe témoin contient au moins 50 animaux de chaque sexe. Trois niveaux de dose et un témoin sont employés au moins. La substance d’essai est administrée chaque jour par voix orale (dermale ou par inhalation), et le mode d’exposition est ajusté selon le profil toxicocinétique de la substance d’essai. La durée de l’étude est normalement de 24 mois pour les rongeurs. Pour des souches de souris spécifiques, une durée de 18 mois peut être plus appropriée. La clôture de l’essai est envisagée lorsque le nombre de survivants dans les groupes de dose la plus faible ou dans le groupe témoin tombe en dessous de 25%. Les résultats de ces études incluent des mesures (pesée, consommation de nourriture), et au moins, des observations quotidiennes détaillées, ainsi que l’autopsie générale et l’histopathologie.
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  • 46
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.158
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Product classifications are used by statistical offices and others for a number of measurement purposes. These include measurement of product usage, current and capital expenditure on products, domestic production, and trade in goods and services. They are therefore an important element of a set of statistical standards, with Information Economy (IE) standards no exception. This document presents the definition of information economy (IE) products developed by the WPIIS Classifications Expert Group. The product definitions complement the IE sector definitions that were released in early 2007. The latter are based on the 2007 revision of the UNSD’s International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC Rev. 4). The document includes two IE product definitions,3 ICT products and Content and media products. Each definition is a subset of the Central Product Classification (Version 2) developed by the United Nations Statistical Division (UNSD) and both are expressed in terms of 5-digit subclasses of the CPC. The CPC was finalised in December 2008.
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  • 47
    ISBN: 9789264063518
    Language: Hungarian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (425 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Tertiary Education for the Knowledge Society; Volume 1 and Volume 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Tertiary Education for the Knowledge Society: Volume 1 and Volume 2
    Keywords: Education
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  • 48
    ISBN: 9789264070806
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (15 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 413 ; Toxicité subchronique par inhalation ; 90 jours
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 413 : Toxicité subchronique par inhalation : 90 jours
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This revised Test Guideline 413 (TG 413) has been designed to fully characterize test article toxicity by the inhalation route following repeated exposure for a period of 90 days, and to provide data for quantitative inhalation risk assessments. It was updated in 2017 to enable the testing and characterisation of effects of nanomaterials tested. Groups of at least 10 male and 10 female rodents are exposed 6 hours per day for 90 days to a) the test chemical at three or more concentration levels, b) filtered air (negative control), and/or c) the vehicle (vehicle control). Animals are generally exposed 5 days per week but exposure for 7 days per week is also allowed. Males and females are always tested, but they may be exposed at different concentration levels if it is known that one sex is more susceptible to a given test chemical. The results of the study include measurement and daily and detailed observations (haematology and clinical chemistry), as well as ophthalmology, gross pathology, organ weights, and histopathology. This Test Guideline allows the flexibility to include satellite (reversibility) groups, interim sacrifices, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), lung burden (LB) for particles, neurologic tests, and additional clinical pathology and histopathological evaluations in order to better characterize the toxicity of a test chemical.
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Santiago : Ministry of Education, Chile
    ISBN: 9789264054189
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (290 p.)
    Series Statement: Revisión de Políticas Nacionales de Educación
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education; Tertiary Education in Chile 2009
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education: Tertiary Education in Chile 2009
    Keywords: Education ; Chile
    Abstract: Este informe conjunto de la OCDE y el Banco Mundial, entrega una breve visión de la educación post-secundaria en Chile y describe su desarrollo en los últimos veinte años. Presenta un análisis del sistema, identifica direcciones clave para reformar las políticas a la luz de los desafíos que deben enfrentar autoridades, comunidades, empresas, educadores, padres y estudiantes.
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Santiago : Ministry of the Interior, Chile
    ISBN: 9789568468187
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (242 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews; Chile 2009
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews: Chile 2009
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Chile
    Abstract: Chile ha alcanzado un fuerte crecimiento económico en los últimos 20 años. Sin embargo, su economía depende de unos pocos sectores basados en recursos localizados en un pequeño número de regiones. El desempeño de las regiones chilenas es significativamente variado y las disparidades regionales en PIB per cápita son muy elevadas en comparación con las de los países de la OCDE. Hasta el momento, las regiones chilenas no han dado todo el uso potencial a sus activos, ni tampoco alcanzado su potencial de crecimiento.El presente informe recomienda desplazarse hacia un enfoque territorial del desarrollo chileno, de manera de adaptar de mejor forma la acción pública a las diferentes oportunidades y necesidades de los diversos territorios del país. Para mejorar su productividad, las regiones de Chile resultarían particularmente beneficiadas por políticas contextualizadas y orientadas hacia la innovación y el emprendimiento, y por mejoras en la educación y la capacitación.Al mismo tiempo, cambiar hacia políticas contextualizadas en Chile requerirá el fortalecimiento del marco institucional del nivel regional. Esto implicará aumentar las capacidades y la estructura de los gobiernos regionales, de manera que éstos se transformen en activos participantes de la discusión, la planificación y la coordinación de las políticas de desarrollo regional. Un manejo político multinivel y acuerdos de coordinación, junto a otros mecanismos como la formación de capacidades y el fortalecimiento de las modalidades de participación, ayudará a aumentar la legitimidad, coherencia y efectividad de una reforma en este sentido.Estudios Territoriales OCDE de Chile es parte de un programa más amplio de informes nacionales, emprendido por el Comité de Políticas de Desarrollo Territorial de la OCDE. El foco central de esta serie de Estudios Territoriales es el de proveer a los gobiernos nacionales de recomendaciones prácticas en materia de política. Los países previamente estudiados son Canadá, Corea, Finlandia, Francia, Hungría, Italia, Japón, Luxemburgo, México, Noruega, Polonia, Portugal, República Checa y Suiza.
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Prague 1 : Centre for International Services of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, Czech Republic
    ISBN: 9788087335000
    Language: Czech
    Pages: Online-Ressource (37 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'orientation professionnelle ; Guide pratique pour les décideurs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Bulgarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Uddannelses- og erhvervsvejledning; En håndbog for beslutningstagere
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Berufsberatung; Ein Handbuch für politisch Verantwortliche
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Greek version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Orientación professional ; Guía para responsables políticos
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Latvian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Slovak version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance: A Handbook for Policy Makers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'orientation professionnelle : Guide pratique pour les décideurs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance: A Handbook for Policy Makers (Bulgarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Uddannelses- og erhvervsvejledning: En håndbog for beslutningstagere
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Berufsberatung: Ein Handbuch für politisch Verantwortliche
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance: A Handbook for Policy Makers (Greek version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Orientación professional : Guía para responsables políticos
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance: A Handbook for Policy Makers (Latvian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance: A Handbook for Policy Makers (Slovak version)
    Keywords: Education ; Employment
    Abstract: Despite many examples of good practice, large weaknesses exist in many countries’ national career guidance services, according to extensive research conducted by the OECD, and by the Centre for the Development of Vocational Training and the European Training Foundation on behalf of the European Commission. Access is limited, particularly for adults. In addition, services often focus upon immediate decisions, and fail to develop career management skills. Training for those who provide services is frequently inappropriate, failing to reflect the full range of client needs or to take account of modern, more flexible delivery methods such as ICT. Services are poorly co-ordinated between different ministries, and between governments and other stakeholders. The evidence base is too weak to provide policy makers with useful data on outcomes, costs and benefits. These gaps stand in the way of governments’ attempts to implement lifelong learning, active employability and social equity policies. This joint publication by the OECD and the European Commission (staff working paper) gives policy makers practical tools to tackle these problems. In simple, non-technical language, the publication addresses a broad range of policy issues that are central to the effective delivery of career guidance services. These include: how to widen access to career guidance; ways of improving the quality of career information; ensuring that staff qualifications meet policy objectives; and improving strategic leadership. This publication is essential reading for all policy makers, especially those in education and labour, who are responsible for planning, managing and delivering career guidance services.
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  • 52
    ISBN: 9789264076822
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Public expenditure control has become a central element of economic policy in many countries. This report analyses budget practices and some recent innovations from the point of view of senior public servants in the central budget offices of nineteen OECD Member countries. It also summarises the institutional framework and procedures governing budgeting in each of these countries.
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9789264063419
    Language: Korean
    Pages: Online-Ressource (218 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Pensions at a Glance 2007; Public Policies across OECD Countries
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les pensions dans les pays de l'OCDE 2007 ; Panorama des politiques publiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Renten auf einen Blick 2007; Staatliche Politik im OECD-Ländervergleich
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Pensions at a Glance 2007: Public Policies across OECD Countries
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les pensions dans les pays de l'OCDE 2007 : Panorama des politiques publiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Renten auf einen Blick 2007: Staatliche Politik im OECD-Ländervergleich
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Seoul, 110-760 : Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, Korea
    ISBN: 9788992396271
    Language: Korean
    Pages: Online-Ressource (242 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Starting Strong II; Early Childhood Education and Care
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Petite enfance, grands défis II ; Éducation et structures d'accueil
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Starting Strong II: Early Childhood Education and Care
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Petite enfance, grands défis II : Éducation et structures d'accueil
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oleiros (La Coruña) : Netbiblo, S.L. Grupo Biblo, Spain
    ISBN: 9789264079809
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (298 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Factbook 2008; Economic, Environmental and Social Statistics
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Panorama des statistiques de l'OCDE 2008 ; Économie, environnement et société
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Factbook 2008: Economic, Environmental and Social Statistics
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Panorama des statistiques de l'OCDE 2008 : Économie, environnement et société
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Factbook 2008 (Libro de datos de la OCDE 2008) es la cuarta edición de una amplia y dinámica selección de estadísticas anuales de la OCDE: Con más de 100 indicadores que cubren un amplio rango de áreas: economía, agricultura, educación, energía, medio ambiente, ayuda extranjera, salud y calidad de vida, industria, información y comunicaciones, población/trabajadores, comercio e inversiones, impuestos, gasto público e investigación y desarrollo. Este año, el libro de datos de la OCDE contiene un capítulo dedicado a la productividad. Los datos son proporcionados por todos los países miembros de la OCDE con totales por regiones, y en algunos casos, de economías de países no miembros. Para cada indicador, hay una explicación de 2 páginas. La primera página de texto incluye una breve introducción seguida de una definición pormenorizada del indicador, comentarios sobre la comparación, una evaluación de tendencias a largo plazo relacionadas con el indicador, y una lista de fuentes para mayor información de los datos. La siguiente página contiene un cuadro estadístico y una gráfica que proporcionan, a simple vista, el mensaje clave que se deriva de los datos. Un enlace interactivo (StatLink) se adjunta a cada estadística remitiendo al lector a una página web en la que encontrará los datos correspondientes en formato Excel. El OCDE Factbook 2008 es una referencia clave para todo el que trabaja en temas de economía y políticas.
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  • 56
    ISBN: 9789282102350
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Young Drivers; The Road to Safety
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Jeunes conducteurs ; La voie de la sécurité
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Young Drivers: The Road to Safety
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Jeunes conducteurs : La voie de la sécurité
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Transport
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  • 57
    ISBN: 9789264043695
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (210 p.)
    Edition: Segunda edición
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Measuring Capital - OECD Manual 2009; Second edition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mesure du capital - Manuel de l'OCDE 2009 ; Deuxième édition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Measuring Capital - OECD Manual 2009: Second edition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mesure du capital - Manuel de l'OCDE 2009 : Deuxième édition
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: El capital –en particular el de tipo físico– juega varios roles en la vida económica: este constituye riqueza y provee de servicios en el proceso de producción. El capital es invertido, desinvertido y se deprecia llegando a ser obsoleto, y existe una cuestión de cómo medir todas estas dimensiones del capital en la industria y en las cuentas nacionales. El Manual del Capital revisado es la primera guía comprehensiva para los enfoques hacia la medición del capital. Este está dirigido a estadísticos, investigadores y analistas, y trata de dar asesoría práctica, mientras que provee una estructura teórica y un resumen de la literatura relevante. El Manual se presenta en tres partes –una primera parte–, con una descripción no técnica de los principales conceptos y de los pasos necesarios para la medición del capital; una segunda parte, dirigida a la implementación y una tercera parte, describiendo la teoría con una formulación matemática más completa del proceso de medición.
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  • 58
    ISBN: 9789264061545
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (123 p)
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Japan
    Abstract: The report looks at the evolution of Japanese agricultural policy over the last several decades, but maintains its analytical focus on policies currently in place. In addition to reporting a wide variety of statistics, much of which were provided by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF), use was made of the OECD PSE/CSE database and the OECD Policy Evaluation Model (PEM) for some of the analytical work.
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  • 59
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264058439
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (98 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD in Figures 2008
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'OCDE en chiffres 2008
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La OCDE en cifras 2008
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    AL s Hertogenbosch : KPC Groep, Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789264063839
    Language: Dutch
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trends Shaping Education - 2008 Edition; (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trends Shaping Education 2008
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les grandes mutations qui transforment l'éducation 2008
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trends Shaping Education - 2008 Edition: (Chinese version)
    Keywords: Education
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  • 61
    Language: French
    Pages: 10 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: CELE Échanges, Centre pour des environnements pédagogiques efficaces no.2009/07
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Rebuilding Schools after the Wenchuan Earthquake: China Visits OECD, Italy and Turkey
    Keywords: Education ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: Suite au tremblement de terre en Chine en mai 2008, des représentants du gouvernement chinois se sont rendus à l’OCDE, en Italie et en Turquie pour tirer parti de l’expérience internationale en matière de sûreté sismique.
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  • 62
    ISBN: 9789264070400
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (22 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 3
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 302C ; Biodégradabilité dite intrinsèque; Essai MITI modifié (II)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 302C : Biodégradabilité dite intrinsèque: Essai MITI modifié (II)
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes the modified MITI test (II). This test permits the measurement of the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and the analysis of residual chemicals in order to evaluate the inherent biodegradability of chemical substances which have been found by the Standard MITI Method (I) to be low degradable. An automated closed-system oxygen consumption measuring apparatus (BOD-meter) is used. Chemicals to be tested are inoculated in the testing vessels (six bottles with different quantities of test chemical) with micro-organisms. In order to check the activity of the inoculum, the use of control substances (aniline, sodium acetate or sodium benzoate) is desirable. During the test period, the BOD is measured continuously. Biodegradability is calculated on the basis of BOD and supplemental chemical analysis, such as measurement of the dissolved organic carbon concentration, concentration of residual chemicals, etc. The BOD curve is obtained continuously and automatically for 14 to 28 days. After the 14 to 28 days of testing, pH, residual chemicals and intermediates in the testing vessels are analysed.
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  • 63
    ISBN: 9789264076242
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (33 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 231 ; Essai de métamorphose des amphibiens
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 231 : Essai de métamorphose des amphibiens
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes an amphibian metamorphosis assay intended to screen substances which may interfere with the normal functioning of the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis. The assay was validated with the species Xenopus laevis, which is recommended for use in the Guideline. The assay uses three test chemical concentrations and the necessary controls, including a carrier control if necessary. The assay starts with tadpoles at the development stage 51 on the Nieuwkoop and Faber scale and is extended for a duration of 21 days. Four replicate test vessels are used for each treatment level and control(s). After 7 days of exposure, a sub-set of tadpoles from each treatment level is sampled for the measurement of the length of the hind-limb. At termination of 21-day exposure period, developmental stage, snout-to-vent length and hind limb length are measured on all remaining tadpoles. A sub-set of tadpoles from each treatment level is fixed (whole-body or dissected) for histopathology of the thyroid gland.
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  • 64
    ISBN: 9787502362225
    Language: Chinese
    Pages: Online-Ressource (127 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Measuring Productivity - OECD Manual; Measurement of Aggregate and Industry-level Productivity Growth
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mesurer la productivité - Manuel de l'OCDE ; Mesurer la croissance de la productivité par secteur et pour l'ensemble de l'économie
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Measuring Productivity - OECD Manual: Measurement of Aggregate and Industry-level Productivity Growth
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mesurer la productivité - Manuel de l'OCDE : Mesurer la croissance de la productivité par secteur et pour l'ensemble de l'économie
    Keywords: Economics ; Industry and Services
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  • 65
    ISBN: 9789264053656
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Journal; Economic Studies, Volume 2008
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Journal: Economic Studies, Volume 2008
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Ce numero de la Revue économique de l'OCDE comprend des articles sur services assurés par les pouvoirs publics et distribution des ressources économiques des ménages, améliorer l’efficacité des dépenses de santé et les politiques structurelles.
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  • 66
    ISBN: 9789264060333
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (72 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Les Principes directeurs de l’OCDE à l’intention des entreprises multinationales constituent le plus complet des instruments qui existent aujourd’hui concernant la responsabilité des entreprises et bénéficiant de l’appui des pouvoirs publics. Les gouvernements adhérents – représentant toutes les régions du monde et 85 pourcent de l’investissement direct étranger – se sont engagés à encourager les entreprises opérant sur leur territoire à respecter, partout où elles exercent leurs activités, un ensemble de principes et de normes largement reconnus qui visent à assurer de leur part un comportement responsable. Ce livret comprend le texte, les procédures de mise en œuvre et les commentaires adoptés en juin 2000, à l’occasion de la révision la plus récente des Principes.
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  • 67
    ISBN: 9789264076273
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (19 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 232 ; Essai de reproduction de collemboles dans le sol
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 232 : Essai de reproduction de collemboles dans le sol
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline is designed for assessing the effects of chemicals on the reproduction of collembolans in soil. The parthenogenetic Folsomia candida is the recommended species for use, but an alternative species such as sexually reproducing Folsomia fimetaria could also be used if they meet the validity criteria. This Guideline can be used for testing both water soluble and insoluble substances but it is not applicable to volatile ones. The Guideline aims to determine toxic effects of the test substance on adult mortality and reproductive output expressed as LCx and ECx respectively, or NOEC/LOEC value. The number of treatment concentrations varies depending on endpoints to be determined. For a combined approach to examine both the NOEC/LOEC and ECx, eight concentrations in a geometric series with four replicates for each concentration as well as eight control replicates should be used. In each test vessel, 10 juveniles F. candida (or 10 males and 10 females adults F. fimetaria) should be placed on 30 g of modified OECD artificial soil using a 5 % organic matter content. The duration of a definitive reproduction test is 4 weeks for F. candida or 3 weeks for F. fimetaria.
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  • 68
    ISBN: 9789264063488
    Language: Greek, Modern (1453- )
    Pages: Online-Ressource (76 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'orientation professionnelle ; Guide pratique pour les décideurs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Bulgarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Czech version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Uddannelses- og erhvervsvejledning; En håndbog for beslutningstagere
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Berufsberatung; Ein Handbuch für politisch Verantwortliche
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Orientación professional ; Guía para responsables políticos
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Latvian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Slovak version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance: A Handbook for Policy Makers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'orientation professionnelle : Guide pratique pour les décideurs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance: A Handbook for Policy Makers (Bulgarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance: A Handbook for Policy Makers (Czech version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Uddannelses- og erhvervsvejledning: En håndbog for beslutningstagere
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Berufsberatung: Ein Handbuch für politisch Verantwortliche
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Orientación professional : Guía para responsables políticos
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance: A Handbook for Policy Makers (Latvian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance: A Handbook for Policy Makers (Slovak version)
    Keywords: Education ; Employment
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  • 69
    ISBN: 9789264064072
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (80 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This report explores the educational performance and attitudes of males and females during childhood and adolescence. It opens with a general summary of gender differences measured outside of the PISA assessment programme and then considers the knowledge gained about gender-related issues from PISA 2000, PISA 2003 and PISA 2006 when reading, mathematics and science respectively were the major domains of assessment. Among the key findings: in reading in PISA 2000, females significantly outscored males in all countries; in mathematics in PISA 2003, males outscored females somewhat; in the combined science scale in PISA 2006, there was no overall significant difference observed between males and females. However, when examining the various science competencies, knowledge components and attitudes to science, there were some marked differences.
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  • 70
    ISBN: 9789264060258
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: DAC Guidelines and Reference Series
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ressources naturelles et croissance pro-pauvres ; Enjeux économiques et politiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ressources naturelles et croissance pro-pauvres : Enjeux économiques et politiques
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Natural resources and pro-poor growth
    RVK:
    Keywords: Natürliche Ressourcen ; Armut ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Entwicklungsländer ; Agriculture and Food ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Entwicklungsländer ; Natürliche Ressourcen ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Wirtschaftswachstum
    Abstract: This publication demonstrates that natural resources can contribute to growth, employment, exports and fiscal revenues in low-income countries, where natural capital constitutes a quarter of total wealth. It highlights the importance of policies encouraging the sustainable management of these resources. Moreover, it emphasises the need to address the political challenges of natural-resource management for long-term pro-poor economic growth. Part I provides an overview of the economics and politics of natural resources. It describes the unique features of natural resources and resulting management challenges, the role of sustainable natural resource management in supporting pro-poor growth, and the politics and governance of natural resources. It then offers recommendations for policy makers on how to support the approaches advocated in the paper. Part II examines these issues with respect to seven specific natural-resource sectors: fisheries, forests, wildlife and ecotourism, soil productivity, water security, minerals and renewable energy.
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  • 71
    ISBN: 9789264079205
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Handbook on Deriving Capital Measures of Intellectual Property Products; (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Handbook on Deriving Capital Measures of Intellectual Property Products: (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Handbook on deriving capital measures of intellectual property products
    RVK:
    Keywords: Immaterialgüterrechte ; Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnung ; Economics ; Immaterialgut ; Immaterielles Wirtschaftsgut ; Messung ; System of National Accounts ; Kapitalbildung
    Abstract: The latest System of National Accounts (the 2008 SNA) explicitly recognises, for the first time, that expenditures on research and experimental development (R&D) should be recorded as capital formation. This is a natural extension to the 1993 SNA, which recommends recording many acquisitions of software and databases, mineral exploration, and entertainment, artistic and literary originals as capital formation, too. These products have a common characteristic, namely that their value reflects the underlying intellectual property they embody, which is why they are referred to collectively in this publication as intellectual property products (IPPs). But they also share another important characteristic: their measurement is not straightforward, and in the absence of clear guidance it is highly likely that estimates will not be comparable between countries. This Handbook is designed to provide that guidance by considering IPPs collectively, based on their common characteristics, by type, based on any specificities, such as data availability, and by detailed transaction - for example the valuation of IPPs that have been produced for internal use by their developers, the valuation of unsuccessful IPPs, and the production of IPPs produced and made freely available by government.
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  • 72
    ISBN: 9789264067233
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: This report assesses the current status of Korea’s innovation system and policies, and identifies where and how the government should focus its efforts to improve the country’s innovation capabilities. It finds that Korea has one of the highest rates of spending on R&D in the world, much of which is performed by private firms. It also has a highly educated labour force – as signalled by its impressive PISA performance and exceptionally high rates of tertiary level graduation – with a strong interest in science and technology. However, a number of bottlenecks persist that hamper Korea’s economic convergence with the leading OECD economies. These include a relatively weak SME sector and weak performance in services, as well as lagging capacities to conduct leading-edge research in many areas. Furthermore, Korea faces numerous threats in the mid term, notably increased levels of competition from China and other newly-industrialising economies, the lowest fertility rate in the OECD and an ageing society, and a continuing high dependency on imports of natural resources, particularly hydrocarbons. In the shorter term, the economic crisis offers its own challenges, with the need for some policy adjustments to deal with expected falls in business investment in R&D and growing levels of unemployment among the highly skilled.
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  • 73
    ISBN: 9789264044616
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (554 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Productivity measurement and analysis
    Keywords: Produktivität ; Arbeitsproduktivität ; Messung ; Economics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift ; Produktivität ; Produktivitätsmessung ; Produktivitätszuwachs
    Abstract: Productivity measurement and analysis are the main topics addressed in this book, which brings together contributions presented and discussed in two international workshops organized by the Statistics Directorate and the Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry (DSTI) of the OECD. The first workshop was organised jointly by the OECD with Fundaccion BBVA and the Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas and held in Madrid in October 2005, and the second one was organized jointly by the OECD and the Swiss Federal Statistical Office and the State Secretary for Economic Affairs of Switzerland and held in Bern in October 2006. The two workshops brought together representatives of statistical offices, central banks and other branches of government in OECD countries that are engaged in the analysis and the measurement of productivity developments at aggregate and industry levels.
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264068322
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Series Statement: International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: This publication provides comments and illustrations of standards in force regarding the classification, presentation and marking of pears in international trade under the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables set up by OECD in 1962. It is a valuable tool for both the Inspection Authorities and professional bodies responsible for the application of standards or interested in trade in pears.
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  • 75
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264048096
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (420 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: The PISA 2006 Technical Report describes the methodology underlying the PISA 2006 survey. It examines additional features related to the implementation of the project at a level of detail that allows researchers to understand and replicate its analyses. The reader will find a wealth of information on the test and sample design, methodologies used to analyse the data, technical features of the project and quality control mechanisms.
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  • 76
    ISBN: 9789264060326
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (65 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les Principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The revised OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises were adopted by the governments of the 30 Member countries of the OECD and Argentina, Brazil and Chile on the occasion of the OECD's annual Council meeting at Ministerial level in Paris on 27 June 2000. This booklet comprises the revised text and commentary, implementation procedures and the Declaration on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises.
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  • 77
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264044395
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (310 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Perspectives de l'OCDE sur les pensions privées 2008
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: As the role of private pension systems grows in importance, there is a need to monitor their development and review their performance in an international context, especially following the crisis in the financial markets in 2008. This first edition of the OECD Private Pensions Outlook provides essential data on assets, investments, membership, and industry structure based on the latest official statistics, as well as a framework for evaluating the trends shaping the pensions industry, based on the role of the private pensions in relation to the public pension system. It also provides comprehensive country profiles, describing private pension arrangements in individual OECD countries. This edition's special feature covers the implications for pensions and private pensions policy of the financial crisis. This publication includes StatLinks, URLs linking graphs and tables via the internet to Excel® table containing the underlying data.
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  • 78
    ISBN: 9789264056275
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (475 p.)
    Edition: Second Edition
    Series Statement: PISA
    Keywords: Education ; Economics
    Abstract: The OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) surveys collected data on students’ performances in reading, mathematics and science, as well as contextual information on students’ background, home characteristics and school factors which could influence performance. This publication includes detailed information on how to analyse the PISA data, enabling researchers to both reproduce the initial results and to undertake further analyses. In addition to the inclusion of the necessary techniques, the manual also includes a detailed account of the PISA 2006 database and worked examples providing full syntax in SPSS®.
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  • 79
    ISBN: 9789264054172
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (500 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Energy Outlook 2008
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Alors que la demande mondiale d’énergie continue à croître inexorablement, maints pays se trouvent confrontés à de sérieux défis en ce qui concerne la sécurité de leurs approvisionnements en énergie, l’envolée des prix de l’énergie et le changement climatique qui résulte de la consommation des énergies fossiles. De plus en plus, l’énergie nucléaire est considérée comme ayant un rôle à jouer dans la résolution de ces problèmes. Pour satisfaire l’intérêt renouvelé concernant l’énergie nucléaire, ces Perspectives de l’énergie nucléaire 2008 analysent les données et des statistiques les plus récentes en vue de présenter les projections jusqu’à l’horizon 2050 afin d’examiner des scénarios de croissance et leurs implications possibles sur l’exploitation future de l’énergie nucléaire. Elles offrent aussi des analyses inédites et des recommandations concernant les défis potentiels de demain. La situation actuelle de l’énergie nucléaire, ses évolutions prévues et ses répercussions sur l’environnement, les ressources en uranium et la sécurité d’approvisionnement, les coûts, la sûreté et la réglementation, la gestion des déchets radioactifs et le démantèlement, la non prolifération et la sécurité, les régimes juridiques, les infrastructures, la participation du public, les réacteurs et les cycles du combustible avancés, tels sont les principaux thèmes traités dans cette publication.
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  • 80
    ISBN: 9789264060555
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (37 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Managing Water for All; An OECD Perspective on Pricing and Financing - Key Messages for Policy Makers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Managing Water for All: An OECD Perspective on Pricing and Financing - Key Messages for Policy Makers
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Pour soutenir le développement humain et économique et préserver les écosystèmes, une gestion plus efficace des ressources en eau s’impose. Alors que l’utilisation de l’eau est source de pressions grandissantes et l’enjeu d’une concurrence de plus en plus vive, voire de véritables conflits dans certaines régions, cette nécessité est plus impérieuse que jamais. Des milliards de personnes sont aujourd’hui privées d’accès à des services d’approvisionnement en eau et d’assainissement pour cause de mauvaise gouvernance et d’investissements inadéquats...
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  • 81
    ISBN: 9789264049079
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education
    Keywords: Education ; Czech Republic
    Abstract: With tertiary education increasingly seen as a fundamental pillar for economic growth, these systems must now address the pressures of a globalising economy and labour market. This book provides an overview of the Czech Republic's tertiary education system, including an account of recent trends and developments, an analysis of strengths and challenges, and recommendations for future policy development with a view to helping understand how the organisation, management and delivery of tertiary education can help achieve economic and social goals.
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  • 82
    Language: English
    Pages: 113 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Environment Working Papers no.8
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness calls upon donor and partner countries to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of country systems in a way that guarantees ownership and sustainable results. Within this context, the current paper provides a synthesis of major elements and approaches of institutional assessment that may be applied to environmental management. It suggests that while a large number of diagnostic tools are in use, their level of elaboration is not sufficient for systemic sector-specific capacity assessments that would match partners’ and donors’ needs. In order to facilitate the improvement of these tools, the paper provides an inventory of core functions for environmental management. This inventory may be used by those involved in capacity assessments to consider more amply specifics of the environmental sector. Each function will need to be associated with benchmarks reflecting the multifaceted nature of institutional capacity. The evolving approaches to environmental management, as well as changes in the international and country context, impose the need to regularly update both the list of functions and complementary benchmarks.
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9789264070790
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (16 p.)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 412; Subacute Inhalation Toxicity; 28-Day Study
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 412: Subacute Inhalation Toxicity: 28-Day Study
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne directrice révisée a été conçue afin de caractériser pleinement la toxicité par inhalation de l’article d’essai, suite à une exposition répétée sur une période de temps limitée (28 jours), et de fournir des données pour l’évaluation quantitative des risques liés à l’inhalation. Elle a été mise à jour en 2017 afin de permettre de tester et caractériser les effets des nanomatériaux. Des groupes de rongeurs (5 mâles et 5 femelles) sont exposés 6 heures par jour pendant une période de 90 jours a) à la substance d’essai à trois niveaux de concentration ou plus, b) à de l’air filtré (témoin négatif), et/ou c) au véhicule (groupe témoin du véhicule). Les animaux sont exposés en général 5 jours par semaine, mais il est aussi permis de les exposer 7 jours par semaine. Des mâles et des femelles sont toujours utilisés, mais peuvent être exposés à des niveaux de concentration différents si l’un des sexes est connu pour être plus sensible à une substance d’essai donnée. Les résultats de l’étude incluent des mesures et des observations quotidiennes détaillées (hématologie et chimie clinique) ainsi qu’une autopsie générale, le poids des organes et de l’histopathologie. Afin de mieux caractériser la toxicité de la substance d’essai, la Ligne directrice laisse la possibilité d’inclure des groupes satellites (réversibilité), des lavages broncho-alvéolaires, la mesure de la charge pulmonaire pour les particules, des tests neurologiques et des évaluations histopathologiques ou de pathologie clinique supplémentaires.
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    MADRID : Dirección General de Tráfico, Spain
    ISBN: 9789282102374
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (277 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Speed Management
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La gestion de la vitesse
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Transport
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  • 85
    ISBN: 9789264070608
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (19 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 403 ; Toxicité aigue͏̈ par inhalation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 403 : Toxicité aigue͏̈ par inhalation
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This method provides information on health hazard likely to arise from short-term exposure to a test article (gas, vapour or aerosol/particulate test article) by inhalation. The revised Test Guideline describes two studies: a traditional LC50 protocol and a Concentration x Time (C x t) protocol. It can be used to estimate a median lethal concentration (LC50), non-lethal threshold concentration (LC01) and slope, and to identify possible sex susceptibility. This Test Guideline enables a test article quantitative risk assessment and classification according to the Globally Harmonized System for the Classification and Labelling of Chemicals. In the traditional LC50 protocol, animals are exposed to one limit concentration or to three concentrations, at least, for a predetermined duration, generally of 4 hours. Usually 10 animals should be used for each concentration. In the C x T protocol, animals are exposed to one limit concentration or a series of concentrations over multiple time durations. Usually 2 animals per C x t interval are used. Animals (the preferred species is the rat) should be observed for at least 14 days. The study includes measurements (including weighing), daily and detailed observations, as well as gross necropsy.
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9789264068537
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: A crise financeira internacional aumenta a relevância dessa publicação anual, publicada em conjunto com o Banco Africano de Desenvolvimento (BafD), o Centro de Desenvolvimento da OCDE e a Comissão Económica da ONU para a África (UNECA). Decisores na África e países da OCDE, assim como agências de ajuda ao desenvolvimento, investidores, ONGs e oficiais de governo dos países assistidos, econtrarão nessa publicação análises importantes para o seu trabalho. Perspectivas Económicas na África 2009 faz uma revisão da situação económica atual e prevê a evolução de curto-prazo de 47 países africanos, que representam 99 por cento do produto interno bruto do continente e 97 por cento da sua população. A perspectiva é traçada em uma análise por país baseada num modelo analítico exclusivo. Essa estrutura inclui um exercício de previsões para o ano corrente e para os dois anos seguintes, utilizando um modelo estatístico simples e uma análise do contexto político e social. A publicação também contém uma síntese comparativa de perspectivas de paises africanos, colocando a evolução de economias africanas no contexto económico mundial. A edição de 2009 foca em inovação e tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TICs) na África, apresentando uma revisão completa da sua proliferação e uso no continente africano. Um apêndice estatítico completa o volume. O projeto Perspectivas económicas na África é apoiado generosamente pela Comissão Europeia e combina o conhecimento sobre as economias africanas do Banco Africano de Desenvolvimento e a UNECA com a experiência da OCDE, quem produz também o estudo Perspectivas económicas da OCDE duas vezes por ano.
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Lisboa : Office of the Secretary of State for Administrative Modernisation, Portugal
    ISBN: 9789722717847
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Making Life Easy for Citizens and Businesses in Portugal; Administrative Simplification and e-Government
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Making Life Easy for Citizens and Businesses in Portugal: Administrative Simplification and e-Government
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Portugal
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  • 88
    ISBN: 9789264066304
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (60 p.)
    Series Statement: International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: This publication provides comments and illustrations of standards in force regarding the classification, presentation and marking of inshell hazelnuts in international trade under the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables set up by OECD in 1962. It is a valuable tool for both the Inspection Authorities and professional bodies responsible for the application of standards or interested in trade in Inshell Hazelnuts.
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  • 89
    ISBN: 9789264060753
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (104 p)
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Guidance Manual includes detailed explanations on how to implement the OECD Decision C(2001)107/FINAL, as amended; copies of the Decision C(2001)107/FINAL (Annex A), including Appendices 3 and 4, and Appendix 8 which have been amended by C(2008)156; the updated consolidated lists of waste subject to the Green and Amber control procedures (Annexes B and C); other relevant information to facilitate the implementation of the OECD Decision C(2001)107/FINAL, such as applicable international transport agreements and a sample contract; and queries of the interactive database aiming to facilitate the paperwork of all parties involved in transboundary movements of wastes by providing the necessary information to complete the forms for the notification and movement documents. The database includes the information required by the Decision C(2001)107/FINAL, as amended and some practical information for each OECD member country (http://www2.oecd.org/waste).
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Budapest : National Office for Research and Technology, Hungary
    ISBN: 9789638652843
    Language: Hungarian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy; Hungary 2008
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Hungary 2008
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Hungary
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  • 91
    ISBN: 9789264076334
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (20 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai No. 441; Bio-essai de Hershberger sur le rat ; Essai de dépistage à court terme de propriétés (anti)androgéniques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai No. 441: Bio-essai de Hershberger sur le rat : Essai de dépistage à court terme de propriétés (anti)androgéniques
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The Hershberger Bioassay is an in vivo short–term screening test. It evaluates the ability of a chemical to elicit biological activities consistent with androgen agonists, antagonists or 5 á-reductase inhibitors. The current bioassay is based on the changes in weight of five androgen-dependent tissues in the castrate-peripubertal male rat: the ventral prostate, seminal vesicle (plus fluids and coagulating glands), levator ani-bulbocavernosus muscle, paired Cowper’s glands and the glans penis. In order to establish whether a test substance can have androgenic or antiandrogenic action, two – respectively three - dose groups of the test substance, plus positive and vehicle (negative) controls are normally sufficient. The test substance is administered by gavage or subcutaneous injection daily for 10 consecutive days. To test for antiandrogens, the test substance is administered together with a reference androgen agonist. Each treated and control group should include a minimum of 6 animals. The animals are necropsied approximately 24 hours after the last administration of the test substance. The tissues are excised and their fresh weights determined. A statistically significant increase (androgenic) or decrease (antiandrogenic) in the weights of two of the five tissues indicates a positive response in this assay.
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  • 92
    ISBN: 9789264075894
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (63 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Turning African Agriculture into a Business; A Reader
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Turning African Agriculture into a Business: A Reader
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Development
    Abstract: L’agriculture africaine est un géant endormi. Dans la plupart des pays d’Afrique subsaharienne, l’agro-industrie en est encore à ses balbutiements. Nombre d’entre eux paient désormais le prix fort pour leurs importations de denrées alimentaires et tentent de juguler les pressions inflationnistes. En raison de la vigueur attendue des prix alimentaires mondiaux à long terme, l’augmentation de la productivité des cultures vivrières devient une priorité absolue pour l’Afrique. Cela suppose d’investir massivement dans les infrastructures d’irrigation, d’entreposage et de transports, mais aussi de faciliter l’accès aux marchés des facteurs de production (engrais, semences, matériel agricole et crédit). Si un cadre contractuel donne de bons résultats dans le cas des cultures d’exportation, ce genre de dispositif est encore rare pour les cultures vivrières. Une implication accrue du secteur privé dans la conception et la mise en oeuvre de ce type de programmes de commercialisation pour les cultures vivrières devrait permettre d’assurer un développement durable des industries alimentaires locales. Les facilités actuelles de financement internationales – à l’instar de l’EPSA (Initiative pour le soutien renforcé au secteur privé en Afrique) – devraient être pleinement exploitées. L’aptitude de l’Afrique à libérer le potentiel de son agriculture commerciale dans les décennies à venir dépend aussi largement d’un soutien efficace et durable de la part de la communauté internationale du développement. Les conclusions résumées ici posent les jalons de futures discussions à l’échelle internationale sur le développement du secteur privé agricole en Afrique et la manière de sortir les petits paysans de la pauvreté.
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Madrid : Instituto Nacional de Administración Pública (INAP), Spain
    ISBN: 9789264062610
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Evaluating Public Participation in Policy Making
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Evaluating Public Participation in Policy Making (Korean version)
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: En todos los países de la OCDE los ciudadanos demandan mayor transparencia y rendición de cuentas de sus gobernantes. Nuevas formas de participación surgen en tanto los ciudadanos buscan oportunidades para participar activamente en la definición de las políticas que afectan sus vidas. En respuesta, los gobiernos exploran nuevas maneras para informar e incluir a los ciudadanos y a las organizaciones de la sociedad civil en la elaboración de políticas. ¿Son estas nuevas formas de participación efectivas?, ¿apoyan o debilitan los mecanismos tradicionales la elaboración de políticas públicas en el marco de la democracia representativa?Este manual muestra la teoría y la práctica de la evaluación de la participación pública, recurre intensamente a las perspectivas y aportaciones de expertos gubernamentales, académicos y profesionales de la sociedad civil de los países de la OCDE. Asimismo, refuerza los hallazgos del informe previo titulado Citizens as Partners: Information, Consultation and Public Participation (2001), el cual destaca la ausencia de una evaluación sistémica de los esfuerzos que realiza el gobierno para comprometer a los ciudadanos y a la sociedad civil en el desarrollo de políticas.Este libro representa un primer intento por acabar con “la brecha de la evaluación”. Más que un manual técnico para evaluadores profesionales, este ofrece una guía estratégica para diseñadores de políticas y a funcionarios de gobierno de alto nivel responsables de encargar y usar las evaluaciones de la participación pública. Señala los temas claves a tomar en cuenta al evaluar la información, la consulta y participación pública, y ofrece ejemplos concretos recogidos de la práctica vigente en 8 países de la OCDE: Canadá, la República Checa, Finlandia, Italia, México, Noruega, Suecia y Reino Unido.
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  • 94
    ISBN: 9789264070417
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (22 p.)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 3
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 302C; Inherent Biodegradability; Modified MITI Test (II)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 302C: Inherent Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (II)
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne directrice décrit l'essai MITI modifié (II). Cet essai permet la mesure de la demande biochimique en oxygène (DBO) et l'analyse des produits résiduels afin d'évaluer la biodégradabilité intrinsèque des produits chimiques qui, d'après la méthode standard MITI (I) sont faiblement dégradable. Un appareil de mesure automatisé de la consommation d'oxygène en circuit fermé (DBO-mètre) est utilisé. On inocule des micro-organismes dans des récipients contenant les produits chimiques à tester (six bouteilles avec des quantités différentes de produit chimique d'essai). Afin de vérifier l'activité de l'inoculum, l'utilisation des substances de contrôle (aniline, acétate de sodium ou benzoate de sodium) est souhaitable. Au cours de l'essai, la DBO est mesurée sans interruption. La biodégradabilité est calculée sur la base de la DBO et des analyses chimiques complémentaires, telles que la mesure de la concentration du carbone organique dissous, la concentration des produits résiduels, etc. La courbe de DBO est obtenue en continue et automatiquement pendant une période de 14 à 28 jours. Après cette même période, le pH, les produits chimiques résiduels et les produits intermédiaires des récipients d'essai sont analysés.
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Beijing : Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
    ISBN: 9787501235162
    Language: Chinese
    Pages: Online-Ressource (302 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Latin American Economic Outlook 2009
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Perspectives économiques de l'Amérique latine 2009
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Perspectivas Económicas de América Latina 2009
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Perspectivas Econômicas da América Latina 2009
    Keywords: Development
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Seoul : OECD/Korea Policy Centre, Korea
    ISBN: 9789264065130
    Language: Korean
    Pages: Online-Ressource (300 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Modernising Government; The Way Forward
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Moderniser l'État ; La route à suivre
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La modernización del estado ; El camino a seguir
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Modernising Government; The Way Forward (Hungarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Modernising Government: The Way Forward
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Moderniser l'État : La route à suivre
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La modernización del estado : El camino a seguir
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Modernising Government: The Way Forward (Hungarian version)
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: 공공부문의 현대화는 이제 더 이상 선택이 아닌 절대적 요건이다. 이를 통해 정부는 변화무쌍한 사회적 요구에 대응하게 되고 불확실한 국제적 환경에서 경쟁력을 유지 하게 된다. 이 책은 지난 20년간의 OECD국가의 공공부문 현대화에 관한 방대한 정보를 담고 있다. 과거 20년간 새로운 많은 아이디어와 정책이 소개되었다. 이러한 아이디어는 실무적으로도 효과적인가? 이 책은 정부혁신의 성공 및 실패 요인을 진단하고 앞으 로의 도전과제, 그리고 주요 개혁방법 및 수단을 소개하고 있다. 이 책은 정책자들에게는 미래를 설계하기 위해 필요한 지식을, 공공행정에 관심있는 일반 사람들에게는 유 익한 정보를 제공하게 될 것이다. “다른나라는공공행정을개선하기위해무엇을하고있는지궁금해하는행정가들과현대의정부개혁에대한개념적이해를구체화하기를원하는학자들에게이책은매우가치있는자료이다 신공공관리New Public Management) 시각을채택하고있는국가들뿐만아니라전통적공공행정을취하고있는국가들에게이책은매우유용한지침을제공한다” - Allen Schick, 메릴랜드대학정책학교수부르킹연구소-
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  • 97
    ISBN: 9789264076389
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (22 p)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 455; The Stably Transfected Human Estrogen Receptor-alpha Transcriptional Activation Assay for Detection of Estrogenic Agonist-Activity of Chemicals
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 455: The Stably Transfected Human Estrogen Receptor-alpha Transcriptional Activation Assay for Detection of Estrogenic Agonist-Activity of Chemicals
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne directrice décrit un essai in vitro qui fournit des informations mécanistiques et peut être utilisé à des fins de dépistage et de mise en priorité. Le système utilise la lignée cellulaire hERalpha-HeLa-9903 provenant d’une tumeur cervicale humaine, transfectée de façon stable. Cette lignée cellulaire permet de mesurer la capacité d’une substance d’essai à induire la transactivation de l’expression du gène luciférase, médiée par le récepteur d’œstrogène alpha humain hERalpha. Les cellules sont exposées à 7 concentrations non cytotoxiques de la substance d’essai pendant 20-24 heures afin de provoquer la synthèse de produits de gènes rapporteurs. Quatre substances de référence sont incluses dans chaque essai : un estrogène fort (17bêta-estradiol, un faible (17alpha-estradiol), un très faible (17alpha-méthyltestostérone) et un témoin négatif (corticostérone). L’activité de l’enzyme luciférase est mesurée par un luminomètre. Une substance d’essai est considérée comme répondant positivement si la réponse maximale induite est égale ou excède 10 % de la réponse du témoin positif (1 Nm 17bêta-estradiol) dans au moins deux parmi deux, ou deux parmi trois expérimentations. Logiciel à utiliser pour les essais 425, 432, 455. Cliquer ici. Logiciel non couvert par l’Acceptation Mutuelle des Données.
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  • 98
    ISBN: 9789264076037
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (27 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 436 ; Toxicité aigue͏̈ par inhalation - Méthode par classe de toxicité aigue͏̈
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 436 : Toxicité aigue͏̈ par inhalation Méthode par classe de toxicité aigue͏̈
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The method described by this Test Guideline provides information that allows hazard assessment for short-term exposure to a test article by inhalation, and allows the substance to be classified according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). The test method is based on a stepwise procedure, each step using 3 animals of each sex (the preferred species is rat). Animals are exposed in inhalation chambers to a pre-defined concentration for 4 hours. Absence or presence of compound-related mortality of the animals at one step will determine the next step. Animals in severe pain or distress should be humanely killed. The starting concentration is selected from one of four fixed levels corresponding to GHS categories 1-4 for gases, vapours or aerosols. Animals are observed daily for clinical signs of toxicity for a total of at least 14 days. Animals' body weights should be determined at least weekly. All the animals should be subjected to gross necropsy.
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  • 99
    ISBN: 9789264079847
    Language: Korean
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 440; Uterotrophic Bioassay in Rodents; A short-term screening test for oestrogenic properties
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 440 ; Bio-essai utérotrophique chez les rongeurs ; Essai de dépistage à court terme des propriétés oestrogéniques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 440: Uterotrophic Bioassay in Rodents: A short-term screening test for oestrogenic properties
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 440 : Bio-essai utérotrophique chez les rongeurs : Essai de dépistage à court terme des propriétés oestrogéniques
    Keywords: Environment
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  • 100
    ISBN: 9789264050853
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Series Statement: Pour une meilleure aide au développement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. 2008 Survey on Monitoring the Paris Declaration; Making Aid More Effective by 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. 2008 Survey on Monitoring the Paris Declaration: Making Aid More Effective by 2010
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Ce rapport d’enquête apporte des éléments de réponse à la dernière enquête de suivi de la mise en œuvre de la Déclaration de Paris et évalue les progrès accomplis dans 55 pays partenaires. Il permet de comprendre en quoi il est difficile d’accroître l’efficacité de l’aide au développement. À moins d’intensifier considérablement leurs efforts, les pays partenaires et les bailleurs de fonds ne réussiront pas à tenir les engagements internationaux et objectifs-cibles auxquels ils ont souscrit en vue de rendre l’aide efficace d’ici 2010. Il faut agir maintenant. Ce rapport formule trois recommandations d’action à haut niveau qui contribueront à accélérer le processus et à faire de la relation d’aide un véritable partenariat.
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