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  • Online Resource  (1,322)
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  • 2005-2009  (1,124)
  • 1990-1994  (208)
  • [Washington, D.C] : World Bank  (713)
  • Cambridge : Cambridge University Press  (609)
Material
Language
Years
Year
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Durham, NC : Duke University Press | Cambridge : Cambridge University Press ; 16.1956 -
    ISSN: 1752-0401 , 0021-9118 , 0021-9118
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 16.1956 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The journal of Asian studies
    Former Title: Vorg The Far Eastern quarterly
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Asien ; Kultur ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Asien ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource
    Note: Gesehen am 06.12.2023
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  • 2
    ISSN: 2325-7784 , 0037-6779 , 0037-6779
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 20.1961,3 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Slavic review
    Former Title: Vorg. The American Slavic and East European review
    Former Title: American quarterly of Soviet and East European studies
    Former Title: American quarterly of Russian, Eurasian and East European studies
    Keywords: Zeitschrift
    Note: Gesehen am 19.06.2024 , Fortsetzung der Druck-Ausgabe , Beteil. Körp. bis 2010,2: American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Chicago, IL : Univ. of Chicago Press | Oxford [u.a.] : Blackwell Publ. | Oxford [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell ; 13.1988 -
    ISSN: 1747-4469 , 0897-6546 , 0897-6546
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 13.1988 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Law & social inquiry
    Former Title: Vorg. American Bar Foundation Research journal
    DDC: 340
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; USA ; Rechtssoziologie
    Note: Gesehen am
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Leiden [u.a.] : Brill | Cambridge : Cambridge University Press ; 1.1968 -
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | London [u.a.] : Cambridge University Press ; 58 [?]-
    ISSN: 0065-406X
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 58 [?]-
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. African studies
    Former Title: African studies series
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe ; Monografische Reihe
    Note: Gesehen am 01.11.19
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | [Wechselnde Verlagsorte] | London [u.a.] : Carfax | Colchester : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group ; 1.1967/68 -
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Washington, DC : Society for American Archaeology ; 1.1935 -
    ISSN: 2325-5064 , 0002-7316 , 0002-7316
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1935 -
    Additional Information: 18,3,2=9; 20,4,2=10; 22,2,3=12; 22,4,2=13; 23,2,2=14; 23,4,2=15; 24,4,2=16; 26,3,2=17 u.a. von Society for American Archaeology Memoirs of the Society for American Archaeology Salt Lake City, Utah [u.a.] : Soc., 1941
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. American antiquity
    DDC: 930
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Amerika ; Archäologie
    Note: Gesehen am 02.03.2017
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Washington, DC : Society for American Archaeology ; 1.1990 -
    ISSN: 2325-5080 , 1045-6635
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1990 -
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Latin American antiquity
    DDC: 930
    Keywords: Altamerika ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Altamerika ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation
    Note: Volltext auch als Teil einer Datenbank verfügbar , Gesehen am 28.03.2017
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Austin, Tex. | Pittsburgh, Pa. : LASA ; 1.1965 -
    ISSN: 1542-4278 , 0023-8791
    Language: English , Spanish , Portuguese
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1965 -
    Additional Information: Auch in Prisma
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Latin American research review
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Lateinamerika ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation ; Graue Literatur ; Zeitschrift ; Graue Literatur ; Zeitschrift ; Lateinamerika ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation
    Note: Volltext auch als Teil einer Datenbank verfügbar , Fortsetzung der Druck-Ausgabe , Gesehen am 14.04.2022
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Levitton, Pa. [u.a.] : Carfax Publ. | Philadelphia, Pa. : Taylor & Francis Group ; 1.1972/73 -
    ISSN: 1465-3923 , 0090-5992
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1972/73 -
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Nationalities papers
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Nationale Minderheit ; Nationalitätenfrage ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Nachfolgestaaten ; Ethnische Gruppe ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Nationale Minderheit ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Nationale Minderheit ; Nationalitätenfrage ; Zeitschrift ; Sowjetunion ; Sowjetunion ; Osteuropa ; Sowjetunion ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Sowjetunion ; Nationale Minderheit ; Nationalitätenfrage ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Sowjetunion ; Nachfolgestaaten ; Ethnische Gruppe ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Osteuropa ; Nationale Minderheit ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Sowjetunion ; Nationale Minderheit ; Nationalitätenfrage ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Gesehen am 12.05.21 , Urh. anfangs: Association for the Study of the Nationalities (USSR and East Europe)
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New Brunswick, NJ : ASA | Cambridge : Cambridge University Press ; Volume 14, no. 1 (January/March 1981)-
    ISSN: 1942-4949 , 0278-2219
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: Volume 14, no. 1 (January/March 1981)-
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als African Studies Association ASA news
    Former Title: Fortsetzung von African studies newsletter
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Gesehen am 23.06.2023 , Fortsetzung der Druck-Ausgabe
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511609831
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 752 pages) , digital, PDF file(s)
    Edition: Second edition
    Series Statement: Law in context
    Parallel Title: Print version
    DDC: 344.2401
    RVK:
    Keywords: Labor laws and legislation ; Labor laws and legislation ; European Union countries ; Europäische Union ; Arbeitsrecht
    Abstract: European Labour Law explores how individual European national legal systems, in symbiosis with the European Union, produce a transnational labour law system that is distinct and genuinely European in character. Professor Brian Bercusson describes the evolution of this system, its national, transnational and global contexts and its institutional and substantive structures. The collective industrial-relations dimension of employment is examined, and the labour law of the EU as manifested in, for example, European works councils is analysed. Important subjects which have traditionally received little attention in some European labour law systems are covered, for example, the fragmentation of the workforce into atypical forms of employment. Attention is also given to the enforcement of European labour law through administrative or judicial mechanisms and the European social dialogue at intersectoral and sectoral levels. This new edition has been extensively updated, as the EU's influence on this area of social policy continues to grow
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511626784
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 304 pages) , digital, PDF file(s).
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in social theory, religion, and politics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Religion, class coalitions, and welfare states
    Parallel Title: Print version
    DDC: 261.8/32
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    Keywords: Public welfare Religious aspects ; Christianity. ; Social classes ; Welfare state ; Welfare state. ; Social classes. ; Public welfare Religious aspects ; Christianity ; Public welfare ; Religious aspects ; Christianity ; Welfare state ; Social classes ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Christentum ; Wohlfahrtsstaat ; Soziale Klasse
    Abstract: This book radically revises established knowledge in comparative welfare state studies and introduces a new perspective on how religion shaped modern social protection systems. The interplay of societal cleavage structures and electoral rules produced the different political class coalitions sustaining the three welfare regimes of the Western world. In countries with proportional electoral systems the absence or presence of state–church conflicts decided whether class remained the dominant source of coalition building or whether a political logic not exclusively based on socio-economic interests (e.g. religion) was introduced into politics, particularly social policy. The political class-coalitions in countries with majoritarian systems, on the other hand, allowed only for the residual-liberal welfare state to emerge, as in the US or the UK. This book also reconsiders the role of Protestantism. Reformed Protestantism substantially delayed and restricted modern social policy. The Lutheran state churches positively contributed to the introduction of social protection programs.
    Abstract: Religion and the western welfare state : the theoretical context / Philip Manow and Kees van Kersbergen -- Western European party systems and the religious cleavage / Thomas Ertman -- The religious foundations of work-family policies in western Europe / Kimberly J. Morgan -- Italy : a Christian democratic or clientelist welfare state? / Julia Lynch -- Religion and the welfare state in the Netherlands / Kees van Kersbergen -- A conservative welfare state regime without Christian democracy? The French État-Providence, 1880-1960 / Philip Manow and Bruno Palier -- Religion and the consolidation of the Swiss welfare state, 1848-1945 / Herbert Obinger -- The church as nation? The role of religion in the development of the Swedish welfare state / Karen M. Anderson -- The religious factor in U.S. welfare state politics / Jill Quadagno and Deana Rohlinger -- Religious doctrines and poor relief : a different causal pathway / Sigrun Kahl
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780521517416 , 9780511580031 (Sekundärausgabe)
    Language: English
    Pages: 282 p.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource ISBN 9780511580031
    Edition: [Online-Ausg.]
    DDC: 325.4
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    Keywords: Europäische Union ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Einwanderungspolitik ; Expertenkommission
    Abstract: A compelling account of how politicians and officials use expert research to establish credibility in contentious areas of policy.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record , Online-Ausg.:
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Language: English
    Pages: X, 198 S. , Kt.
    Edition: 1. publ.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Hurst, William, 1975 - The Chinese worker after socialism
    DDC: 331.880951
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    Keywords: Arbeiter ; Arbeitslosigkeit ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Kündigung ; Sozialistisches Unternehmen ; Systemtransformation ; China ; Post-communism Economic aspects ; China ; Post-communism Social aspects ; China ; Government business enterprises Employees ; China ; Unemployed Government policy ; China ; Unemployed Social conditions ; China ; Electronic books ; China ; Staatsunternehmen ; Entlassung ; Arbeitsloser
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index. - Electronic reproduction; Palo Alto, Calif; ebrary; 2009; Available via World Wide Web; Access may be limited to ebrary affiliated libraries
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511750717
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (xv, 224 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 305.800973
    RVK:
    Keywords: Gesellschaft ; Nationalismus ; Psychologie ; National characteristics, American ; National characteristics, American / Psychological aspects ; Nationalism / Social aspects / United States ; Nationalism / United States / Psychological aspects ; Group identity / United States ; Loyalty / Social aspects / United States ; Social psychology / United States ; Nationalbewusstsein ; USA ; United States / Social conditions / 1980- ; USA ; USA ; Nationalbewusstsein
    Abstract: Why is national identity such a potent force in people's lives? And is the force positive or negative? In this thoughtful and provocative book, Elizabeth Theiss-Morse develops a social theory of national identity and uses a national survey, focus groups, and experiments to answer these important questions in the American context. Her results show that the combination of group commitment and the setting of exclusive boundaries on the national group affects how people behave toward their fellow Americans. Strong identifiers care a great deal about their national group. They want to help and to be loyal to their fellow Americans. By limiting who counts as an American, though, these strong identifiers place serious limits on who benefits from their pro-group behavior. Help and loyalty are offered only to 'true Americans,' not Americans who do not count and who are pushed to the periphery of the national group
    Description / Table of Contents: The need for a social theory of national identity -- Commitment to the national group -- The setting of national group boundaries -- The desire to help the national group -- Loyalty in the face of criticism -- Is national identity good or bad?
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 01 Feb 2016)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511576782
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (xii, 296 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306.44
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    Keywords: Speech acts (Linguistics) ; Sprachgebrauch ; Sprachregelung ; Sprachproduktion ; Sprachgebrauch ; Sprachregelung ; Sprachproduktion
    Abstract: This insightful study proposes a unified theory of speech through which conflicting ideas about language might be understood. It is founded on a number of key points, such as the continuum of linguistic behaviour, extensive variation in language features, the importance of regional and social proximity to shared linguistic production, and differential frequency as a key factor in linguistic production both in regional and social groups and in text corpora. The study shows how this new linguistics of speech does not reject rules in favour of language use, or reject language use in favour of rules; rather, it shows how rules can come from language as people use it. Written in a clear, engaging style and containing invaluably accessible introductions to complex theoretical concepts, this work will be of great interest to students and scholars of sociolinguistics, dialectology and corpus linguistics
    Description / Table of Contents: The contemporary marketplace of ideas about language -- Saussure -- Evidence from linguistic survey research: basic description -- Statistical evidence from linguistic survey research -- Evidence from corpus linguistics -- Speech as a complex system -- Speech perception -- Speech models and applications
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 24 Feb 2016)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511626692
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (viii, 233 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Studies in the social and cultural foundations of language 25
    Series Statement: Studies in the social and cultural foundations of language
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306.44
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    Keywords: Language and emotions ; Laments ; Anthropological linguistics ; Expressivität ; Gefühl ; Sprache ; Sprache ; Gefühl ; Expressivität
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0511506724 , 0511609663 , 1139129279 , 9781139129275 , 9780511506727 , 9780511609664
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxi, 601 p)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Cambridge handbook of literacy
    DDC: 302.2244
    Keywords: Literacy ; LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES ; Literacy ; Literacy ; Schreib- und Lesefähigkeit ; Electronic books ; Electronic books ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: The literacy episteme: from Innis to Derrida / Jens Brockmeier and David R. Olson -- Grammatology / Peter T. Daniels -- Speech and writing / Roy Harris -- The origins and co-evolution of literacy and numeracy / Stephen Chrisomalis -- Are there linguistic consequences of literacy? Comparing the potentials of language use in speech and writing / Douglas Biber -- Becoming a literate language user: oral and written text construction across adolescence / Ruth A. Berman and Dorit Ravid -- The challenge of academic language / Catherine E. Snow and Paola Uccelli -- The basic processes in reading : insights from neuroscience / Usha Goswami -- Language and literacy from a cognitive neuroscience perspective / Karl Magnus Petersson, Martin Ingvar, and Alexandra Reis -- Ways of reading / Elizabeth Long -- Conventions of reading / Heather Murray -- Literacy, reading, and concepts of the self / Carolyn Steedman -- Reading as a woman, being read as a woman / Lisbeth Larsson -- Literacy and the history of science : reflections based on Chinese and other sources / Karine Chemla -- Scientific literacy / Stephen P. Norris and Linda M. Phillips -- Digital literacy / Teresa M. Dobson and John Willinsky -- Literacy, video games, and popular culture / James Paul Gee -- Ethnography of writing and reading / Brian Street -- The origins of western literacy : literacy in ancient Greece and Rome / Rosalind Thomas -- Literacy from late antiquity to the early middle ages, c. 300-800 A.D. / Nicholas Everett -- Chinese literacy / Feng Wang, Yaching Tsai, and William S.-Y. Wang -- The elephant in the room : language and literacy in the Arab world / Niloofar Haeri -- Literacy, modernization, the intellectual community, and civil society in the western world / Frits van Holthoon -- The teaching of literacy skills in western Europe : an historical perspective / A.-M. Chartier -- The configuration of literacy as a domain of knowledge / Liliana Tolchinsky -- Literacy and metalinguistic development / Bruce D. Homer -- Cultural and developmental predispositions to literacy / Alison F. Garton and Chris Pratt -- Literacy and international development: education and literacy as basic human rights / Joseph P. Farrell -- Adult literacy education in industrialized nations / Thomas G. Sticht -- New technologies for adult literacy and international development / Daniel A. Wagner -- Literacy, literacy policy, and the school / David R. Olson
    Abstract: Everything that is involved in being and becoming literate is the concern of this interdisciplinary group of distinguished scholars
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511657450
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 394
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    Keywords: Farewells ; Salutations ; Gruß ; Kulturvergleich ; Begrüßung ; Abschied ; Begrüßung ; Kulturvergleich ; Gruß ; Kulturvergleich ; Abschied ; Kulturvergleich
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781139002752
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XII, 337 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Series Statement: Cambridge collections online
    Series Statement: The companions to philosophy, religion and culture
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 301.01
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    Keywords: Lévi-Strauss, Claude Philosophy ; Lévi-Strauss, Claude Criticism and interpretation ; Lévi-Strauss, Claude ; Philosophie ; Structural anthropology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Lévi-Strauss, Claude 1908-2009
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780521769587 , 9780511604386 (Sekundärausgabe)
    Language: English
    Pages: 354 p.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Ann Arbor, Michigan ProQuest Online-Ressource ISBN 9780511604386
    Edition: [Online-Ausg.]
    DDC: 306
    Keywords: Electronic books
    Abstract: Human Capital and Institutions brings to the fore the role of political, social, and economic institutions in human capital formation and economic growth. Written by leading economic historians, the chapters in this text offer a broad-based view of instit...
    Note: Description based upon print version of record , Online-Ausg.:
    URL: FULL  ((OIS Credentials Required))
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  • 23
    ISBN: 9780511813474
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (xxi, 321 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 303.6/6
    RVK:
    Keywords: Social conflict ; Arms control / Economic aspects ; Disarmament / Economic aspects ; Peace ; Bewaffneter Konflikt ; Wirtschaft ; Politische Ökonomie ; Konfliktforschung ; Friede ; Sozialer Konflikt ; Abrüstung ; Politische Ökonomie ; Bewaffneter Konflikt ; Abrüstung ; Sozialer Konflikt ; Wirtschaft ; Friede ; Konfliktforschung ; Bewaffneter Konflikt ; Politische Ökonomie
    Abstract: Conflict economics contributes to an understanding of violent conflict in two important ways. First, it applies economic analysis to diverse conflict activities such as war, arms races, and terrorism, showing how they can be understood as purposeful choices responsive to underlying incentives. Second, it treats appropriation as a fundamental economic activity, joining production and exchange as a means of wealth acquisition. Drawing on a half-century of scholarship, this book presents a primer on the key themes and principles of conflict economics. Although much work in the field is abstract, the book is made accessible to a broad audience of scholars, students and policymakers by relying on historical data, relatively simple graphs and intuitive narratives. In exploring the interdependence of economics and conflict, the book presents current perspectives of conflict economics in novel ways and offers new insights into economic aspects of violence
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction : definition and scope of conflict economics -- Production possibilities and the guns versus butter trade-off -- Rational choice and equilibrium -- Fundamentals of game theory -- A bargaining model of conflict -- Conflict between states -- Civil war and genocide -- Terrorism -- Geography and technology of conflict -- Arms rivalry, proliferation, and arms control -- Military alliances -- Conflict success functions and the theory of appropriation possibilities
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511815249
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (xviii, 423 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306.7082/0955
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    Keywords: Geschichte ; Frau ; Women / Iran / Social conditions ; Women / Sexual behavior / Iran ; Feminism / Iran ; Women's rights / Iran ; Ehe ; Islamische Revolution ; Geschlechterrolle ; Sexualität ; Sexualethik ; Feminismus ; Sozialer Wandel ; Frau ; Iran ; Iran ; Ehe ; Geschlechterrolle ; Sexualität ; Geschichte ; Islamische Revolution ; Frau ; Sozialer Wandel ; Iran ; Frau ; Geschlechterrolle ; Iran ; Sexualethik ; Geschichte ; Iran ; Feminismus
    Abstract: Janet Afary is a native of Iran and a leading historian. Her work focuses on gender and sexuality and draws on her experience of growing up in Iran and her involvement with Iranian women of different ages and social strata. These observations, and a wealth of historical documents, form the kernel of this book, which charts the history of the nation's sexual revolution from the nineteenth century to today. What comes across is the extraordinary resilience of the Iranian people, who have drawn on a rich social and cultural heritage to defy the repression and hardship of the Islamist state and its predecessors. It is this resilience, the author concludes, which forms the basis of a sexual revolution taking place in Iran today, one that is promoting reforms in marriage and family laws, and demanding more egalitarian gender and sexual relations
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511819889
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (viii, 257 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 303.4
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    Keywords: Darwin, Charles / 1809-1882 ; Social evolution ; Sociology ; Natural selection ; Natürliche Auslese ; Soziale Evolution ; Kulturelle Evolution ; Soziologie ; Soziale Differenzierung ; Neodarwinismus ; Neodarwinismus ; Soziale Evolution ; Natürliche Auslese ; Kulturelle Evolution ; Soziale Differenzierung ; Soziologie
    Abstract: In The Theory of Cultural and Social Selection, W. G. Runciman presents an original and wide-ranging account of the fundamental process by which human cultures and societies come to be of the different kinds that they are. Drawing on and extending recent advances in neo-Darwinian evolutionary theory, Runciman argues that collective human behaviour should be analyzed as the acting-out of information transmitted at the three separate but interacting levels of heritable variation and competitive selection - the biological, the cultural, and the social. The implications which this carries for a reformulation of the traditional agenda of comparative and historical sociology are explored with the help of selected examples, and located within the context of current debates about sociological theory and practice. The Theory of Cultural and Social Selection is a succinct and highly imaginative contribution to one of the great intellectual debates of our times, from one of the world's leading social theorists
    Description / Table of Contents: Prologue : the Darwinian legacy -- The neo-Darwinian paradigm -- Natural selection and evoked behaviour -- Cultural selection and acquired behaviour -- Social selection and imposed behaviour -- Selectionist theory as narrative history -- Epilogue : sociology in a post-Darwinian world
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0511508174 , 9780511508172
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 287 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dijk, Teun Adrianus van, 1943- Society and discourse
    DDC: 306.44
    Keywords: Großbritannien ; Iraq War, 2003-2011 Language ; Discourse analysis Social aspects ; Context (Linguistics) ; Context (Linguistics) ; Discourse analysis ; Social aspects ; Language and languages ; Sprachgebrauch ; Situativer Kontext ; Diskursanalyse ; Parlamentsdebatte ; Irakkrieg ; Tekstwetenschap ; Sociale aspecten ; LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES ; Linguistics ; Sociolinguistics ; Iraq ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "Van Dijk presents a new theory of context that explains how text and talk are adapted to their social environment. He argues that instead of the usual direct relationship being established between society and discourse, this influence is indirect and depends on how language users themselves 'define' the communicative situation. The new concept van Dijk introduces for such definitions is that of context models. These models control all language production and understanding and explain how discourse is made appropriate in each situation. They are the missing link between language and society so far ignored in pragmatics and sociolinguistics. In this interdisciplinary book, the new theory of context is developed by examining the analysis of the structure of social situations in social psychology and sociology and their cultural variation in anthropology. The theory is applied to the domain of politics, including the debate about the war in Iraq, where political leaders' speeches serve as a case study for detailed contextual analysis."--Jacket
    Abstract: Preface vii -- 1. Introduction 1 -- 2. Context and social cognition 29 -- 3. Context, situation and society 86 -- 4. Context and culture 154 -- 5. Context and politics: the Iraq debate in the British parliament 213 -- 6. Conclusions 248 -- References 256 -- Subject index 278 -- Author index 283.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 256-277) and indexes
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511512001
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online_Ressource (xiv, 380 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 152.4
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    Keywords: Geschichte 1700-1800 ; Geschichte 1700-1850 ; Geschichte ; Emotions ; Sentimentalism / France / History / 18th century ; Psychologie ; Gefühl ; Empfindsamkeit ; Frankreich ; Frankreich ; Frankreich ; Empfindsamkeit ; Geschichte 1700-1850 ; Gefühl ; Psychologie
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 051148061X , 0511479816 , 9780511480614 , 9780511479816
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 324 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Frankel, Jonathan Crisis, revolution, and Russian Jews
    DDC: 305.892/404709041
    Keywords: Jews Politics and government 20th century ; Jewish socialists History 20th century ; Jews Cultural assimilation 19th century ; History ; Jews Intellectual life ; Labor Zionism History 20th century ; Jews Politics and government 19th century ; SOCIAL SCIENCE ; Anthropology ; Cultural ; SOCIAL SCIENCE ; Discrimination & Race Relations ; SOCIAL SCIENCE ; Minority Studies ; Jewish socialists ; Jews ; Cultural assimilation ; Jews ; Intellectual life ; Jews ; Politics and government ; Labor Zionism ; History ; Russia ; Eastern Europe ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: "This collection of essays examines the politicization and the politics of the Jewish people in the Russian empire during the late tsarist period. The focal point is the Russian revolution of 1905, when the political mobilization of the Jewish youth took on massive proportions, producing a cohort of radicalized activists - committed to socialism, nationalism, or both - who would exert an extraordinary influence on Jewish history in the twentieth century in Eastern Europe, the United States, and Palestine."--Jacket
    Abstract: Crisis as a factor in modern Jewish politics,1840 and 1881-1882 -- Jewish politics and the press: the "reception" of the Alliance Israélite Universelle (1860) -- Jewish politics and the Russian revolution of 1905 -- "Youth in revolt": An-sky's In Shtrom and the instant fictionalization of 1905 -- Yosef Haim Brenner, the "half-intelligentsia," and Russian-Jewish politics (1899-1908) -- The paradoxical politics of marginality: thoughts on the Jewish situation during the years 1914-1921 -- The socialist opposition to Zionism in historical perspective -- The "Yizkor" book of 1911: a note on national myths in the Second Aliya -- The Bundists in America and the "Zionist problem" -- S.M. Dubnov: historian and ideologist -- Assimilation and the Jews in ninteenth-century Europe: towards a new historiography?
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511512001
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 380 pages) , digital, PDF file(s)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Reddy, William M., 1947 - The navigation of feeling
    DDC: 152.4
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    Keywords: Sentimentalism History 18th century ; Emotions ; Emotions ; Sentimentalism ; France ; History ; 18th century ; Frankreich ; Gefühl ; Empfindsamkeit ; Kulturwandel ; Geschichte 1700-1850 ; Kognitive Psychologie ; Gefühl ; Anthropologie
    Abstract: In The Navigation of Feeling: A Framework for the History of Emotions, William M. Reddy offers a theory of emotions which both critiques and expands upon recent research in the fields of anthropology and psychology. Exploring the links between emotion and cognition, between culture and emotional expression, Reddy applies this theory of emotions to the processes of history. He demonstrates how emotions change over time, how emotions have a very important impact on the course of events, and how different social orders either facilitate or constrain emotional life. In an investigation of Revolutionary France, where sentimentalism in literature and philosophy had promised a new and unprecedented kind of emotional liberty, Reddy's theory of emotions and historical change is successfully put to the test
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0511518110 , 0511576781 , 0511517114 , 9780511576782 , 9780511518119 , 9780511517112
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 296 pages) , illustrations, maps
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Kretzschmar, William A Linguistics of speech
    DDC: 306.44
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    Keywords: Speech acts (Linguistics) ; LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES ; Linguistics ; Sociolinguistics ; Speech acts (Linguistics) ; Sprachproduktion ; Taalvariatie ; Spreektaal
    Abstract: "This insightful study proposes a unified theory of speech through which conflicting ideas about language might be understood. It is founded on a number of key points, such as the continuum of linguistic behavior, extensive variation in language features, the importance of regional and social proximity to shared linguistic production, and differential frequency as a key factor in linguistic production both in regional and social groups and in text corpora. The study shows how this new linguistics of speech does not reject rules in favor of language use, or reject language use in favor of rules; rather, it shows how rules can come from language as people use it. Written in a clear, engaging style and containing invaluably accessible introductions to complex theoretical concepts, this work will be of great interest to students and scholars of socio-linguistics, dialectology, and corpus linguistics."--Jacket
    Abstract: The contemporary marketplace of ideas about language -- Saussure -- Evidence from linguistic survey research: basic description -- Statistical evidence from linguistic survey research -- Evidence from corpus linguistics -- Speech as a complex system -- Speech perception -- Speech models and applications.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511579417
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xlii, 257 Seiten)
    Edition: Second Edition
    Series Statement: The law in context series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Davies, A. C. L. Perspectives on labour law
    DDC: 344.4101
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    Keywords: Labor laws and legislation ; Great Britain ; Employee rights ; Great Britain ; Electronic books ; Geschichte 1950- ; Geschichte 1950- ; Großbritannien ; Arbeitsrecht
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511576690 , 9780521182379 , 9780521870627
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (196 p.)) , digital, PDF file(s).
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Clyne, Michael G., 1939 - 2010 Language and human relations
    DDC: 306.44
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    Keywords: Grammar, Comparative and general Honorific ; Grammar, Comparative and general Pronoun ; Forms of address ; Politeness (Linguistics) ; Forms of address ; Politeness (Linguistics) ; Grammar, Comparative and general Honorific ; Grammar, Comparative and general Pronoun ; Forms of address ; Politeness (Linguistics) ; Grammar, Comparative and general ; Honorific ; Grammar, Comparative and general ; Pronoun ; Anredepronomen ; Pragmatik ; Höflichkeit ; Anrede ; Gesprochene Sprache ; Milieu ; Nationalität
    Abstract: The way in which people address one another is crucial to expressing social relationships and is closely linked with cultural values. In English we call some people by their first names, and others 'Mr' or 'Ms', followed by their surname. In some other languages there are different ways of saying 'you' depending on the degree of social distance. Exploring practices in the family, school, university, the workplace and in letters, this book reveals patterns in the varied ways people choose to address one another, from pronouns to first names, from honorifics to titles and last names. Examples are taken from contemporary English, French, German and Swedish, using rich data from focus group research, interviews, chat groups, and participant observation.
    Description / Table of Contents: Cover; Half-title; Title; Copyright; Table of contents; Tables and figure; Abbreviations and transcription conventions; Acknowledgements; 1 Introduction; 2 Multiple approaches for a complex issue; 3 Contextualising address choice; 4 Institutions, domains and medium; 5 National variation; 6 Conclusions; Appendix A: written questionnaire (filled in by participant); Appendix B: chat groups; References; Index
    Note: Title from publishers bibliographic system (viewed on 18 Feb 2013)
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0511635230 , 9780511635236
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xviii, 441 pages) , illustrations, map
    Series Statement: Studies in interactional sociolinguistics 27
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Conversation analysis
    DDC: 302.346
    Keywords: Conversation analysis ; Conversation analysis Cross-cultural studies ; Conversation analysis ; Konversationsanalyse ; Kulturvergleich ; FAMILY & RELATIONSHIPS ; Friendship ; Cross-cultural studies ; Electronic book ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: 'Conversation analysis' is an approach to the study of social interaction that focuses on practices of speaking that recur across a range of contexts and settings. The early studies in this tradition were based on the analysis of English conversation. More recently, however, conversation analysts have begun to study talk in a broader range of communities around the world. Through detailed analyses of recorded conversations, this book examines differences and similarities across a wide range of languages including Finnish, Japanese, Tzeltal Mayan, Russian and Mandarin. Bringing together interrelated methodological and analytic contributions, it explores topics such as the role of gaze in question-and-answer sequences, the organization of repair, and the design of responses to assessments. The emerging comparative perspective demonstrates how the structure of talk is inflected by the local circumstances within which it operates
    Abstract: Comparative perspectives in conversation analysis / Jack Sidnell -- Repetition in the initiation of repair / Ruey-Jiuan Regina Wu -- A cross-linguistic investigation of the site of initiation in same-turn self-repair / Barbara Fox [and others] -- Repairing reference / Maria Egbert, Andrea Golato, Jeffrey D. Robinson -- Projecting nonalignment in conversation / Anna Lindström -- Two answers to inapposite inquiries / Trine Heinemann -- Gaze, questioning, and culture / Federico Rossano, Penelope Brown, Stephen C. Levinson -- Negotiating boundaries in talk / Makoto Hayashi, Kyung-Eun Yoon -- Alternative responses to assessments / Marja-Leena Sorjonen, Auli Hakulinen -- Language-specific resources in repair and assessments / Jack Sidnell -- Implementing delayed actions / Galina B. Bolden -- One perspective on Conversation analysis: comparative perspectives / Emanuel A. Schegloff.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 407-435) and index
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511596667
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 514 pages)
    DDC: 304.25
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    Keywords: Klimaänderung ; Umweltpolitik ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Adapting to climate change is a critical problem facing humanity. This involves reconsidering our lifestyles, and is linked to our actions as individuals, societies and governments. This book presents top science and social science research on whether the world can adapt to climate change. Written by experts, both academics and practitioners, it examines the risks to ecosystems, demonstrating how values, culture and the constraining forces of governance act as barriers to action. As a review of science and a holistic assessment of adaptation options, it is essential reading for those concerned with responses to climate change, especially researchers, policymakers, practitioners, and graduate students. Significant features include historical, contemporary, and future insights into adaptation to climate change; coverage of adaptation issues from different perspectives: climate science, hydrology, engineering, ecology, economics, human geography, anthropology and political science; and contributions from leading researchers and practitioners from around the world.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511596629
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 217 pages)
    DDC: 306.44095491
    Abstract: Alyssa Ayres' fascinating study examines Pakistan's troubled history by exploring the importance of culture to political legitimacy. Early leaders selected Urdu as the natural symbol of the nation's great cultural past, but due to its limited base great efforts would be required to make it truly national. This paradox underscores the importance of cultural policies for national identity formation. By comparing Pakistan's experience with those of India and Indonesia, the author analyzes how their national language policies led to very different outcomes. The lessons of these large multiethnic states offer insights for the understanding of culture, identity, and nationalism throughout the world. The book is aimed at scholars in the fields of history, political theory and South Asian studies, as well as those interested in the history of culture and nationalism in one of the world's most complex, and challenging, countries.
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511488832
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 289 pages) , digital, PDF file(s)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The sociology of Norbert Elias
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Elias, Norbert ; Self-consciousness (Awareness) ; Civilization, Modern ; Historical sociology ; Social structure ; Elias, Norbert ; 1897-1990 ; Historical sociology ; Civilization, Modern ; Social structure ; Self-consciousness (Awareness) ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Elias, Norbert 1897-1990
    Abstract: Norbert Elias has been described as a great sociologist and over recent years there has been a steady upsurge of interest in his work. Yet despite the fact that he was active for nearly sixty years from the 1920s to the 1960s it was only in the 1980s that English translations of his works became widely available and the importance of his contribution to the sociological endeavour was fully recognised in the English speaking world. This book provides a comprehensive and accessible introduction to the key aspects of Elias's work and then applies an Eliasian approach to key topics in contemporary sociology such as race, class, gender, religion, epistemology and nationalism. The editors have brought together a distinguished group of international sociologists and this book will not only change the course of Elias studies but be a valuable resource for both students and scholars alike
    Abstract: Towards a 'central theory': the scope and relevance of Norbert Elias / Stephen Quilley and Steven Loyal -- Sociology as a Human Science: Norbert Elias and the Sociology of Knowledge: -- From distance to detachment: knowledge and self-knowledge in Elias's theory of involvement and detachment / Richard Kilminster -- Ecology, 'human nature' and civilising processes: biology and sociology in the work of Norbert Elias / Stephen Quilley -- Between the real and the reified: Elias on time / Barry Barnes -- Processes of Stratification: Figurations of Race, Class and Gender: -- The figurational dynamics of racial stratification: a conceptual discussion and developmental analysis of black-white relations in the United States / Eric Dunning -- Decivilising and demonising: the social and symbolic remaking of the black ghetto and Elias in the dark ghetto / Loi;c Wacquant -- Elias on class and stratification / Steven Loyal -- Elias on gender relations: the changing balance of power between the sexes / Christien Brinkgreve -- The Formation of Individuals and States: -- Not so exceptional? State-formation processes in America / Stephen Mennell -- Armed peace: on the pacifying condition for the co-operative of States / Paul Kapteyn -- Changing regimes of manners and emotions: from disciplining to informalizing / Cas Wouters -- Elias and modern penal development / John Pratt -- Elias, Freud and Goffman: shame as the master emotion / Thomas Scheff -- Religion and Civilising Processes: Weber and Elias Compared: -- Weber and Elias on religion and violence: warrior charisma and the civilising process / Bryan Turner -- Christian religion and the European civilising process: the views of Norbert Elias and Max Weber compared / Johan Goudsblom
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511520884
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 227 pages) , digital, PDF file(s)
    Edition: 1986
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Matthews, Mervyn Poverty in the Soviet Union
    DDC: 305.5/69/0947
    Keywords: Armut ; Sowjetunion ; Cost and standard of living ; Poor ; Poor ; Soviet Union ; Cost and standard of living ; Soviet Union ; Soviet Union ; Social conditions ; 1945-1991 ; Soviet Union Social conditions 1945-1991 ; Sowjetunion ; Armut
    Abstract: The 1986 book deals with the continuing problem of poverty in Soviet society, a problem which the Revolution of 1917 was supposed to solve in a planned and expeditious manner. The topic is important both because it involves large numbers of people, and because it illustrates a major failing of Marxism-Leninism in practice. The book attempts to analyse Soviet poverty both from Soviet and western sources: the former are very limited, because discussion of poverty in the USSR falls under a strict censorship ban. This is one of the reasons why it has been so sadly neglected by western observers. The analysis concerns itself with most of the common problems of poverty and under-privilege in an industrialised society. Exclusion from the political process, and the particular social implications of the constitutional status of labour as both a right and a duty, are examined in an account that emphasises life-style and social problems, rather than merely the content of the wage-packet
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0521866847 , 0521686016 , 9780521866842 , 9780521686013
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xix, 191 p) , ill
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2011 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Business, value creation, and society
    Parallel Title: Print version NGOs and Corporations : Conflict and Collaboration
    DDC: 302.35
    Keywords: Non-governmental organizations ; Corporations ; Interorganizational relations ; Strategic alliances (Business)
    Abstract: This book focuses on the dynamic interactions, both conflictual and collaborative, that exist between corporations and NGOs
    Description / Table of Contents: Cover; Half-title; Series title; Title; Copyright; Contents; Figures; Tables; Preface; Notes; Foreword; Acknowledgments; Part 1: Understanding NGOs; 1 Classifying NGOs: definitions, typologies and networks; 2 The emergence of NGOs in the context of business-government-societal relationships; 3 The emergence of NGOs in the context of ethical and institutional complexity; Case illustration: genetically modified organisms, social movements and NGOs; Case illustration: protecting the people - environmental NGOs and TXU Energ; Part II: NGO advocacy campaigns
    Description / Table of Contents: 4 NGO campaigns against corporations and (de-)legitimacy5 How do they do it? Understanding the power and influence of radical advocacy NGOs; 6 NGO campaign types and company responses; Case illustration: PETA and KFC; Case illustration: Coca-Cola in India; Part III: Corporate-NGO engagement; 7 Corporate-NGO engagements: from conflict to collaboration; 8 Globalization, multinationals and NGOs: the next wave; Case illustration: conflict diamonds; Case illustration: Unilever in Indonesia; Case illustration: microfinance and poverty reduction; Part IV: The future of corporate-NGO relations
    Description / Table of Contents: 9 The future of corporate-NGO relationsIndex
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 39
    ISBN: 9780521111102
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (358 p.)
    Parallel Title: Print version Post-Zionism, Post-Holocaust : Three Essays on Denial, Forgetting, and the Delegitimation of Israel
    DDC: 305.8924
    Keywords: Electronic books
    Abstract: This book contains three essays, available in English for the first time, that examine three forms of anti-Zionism and their use of the Holocaust to delegitimize Israel
    Description / Table of Contents: Cover; Half-title; Title; Copyright; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; 1 Holocaust Denial and the Left; 2 The Holocaust and the Good Israelis; 3 On the Political and the Antipolitical: Hannah Arendt, Eichmann, and Israel; 4 Postscript: 1967 or 1948?; Appendix: Biographical Notes; Index;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780521817523 , 9780521520782
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (ix, 220 p)
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2011 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Communication, society, and politics
    Parallel Title: Print version The Internet and Democratic Citizenship : Theory, Practice and Policy
    DDC: 306.2
    Keywords: Political participation Technological innovations ; Internet in public administration ; Information technology Political aspects
    Abstract: Examines how the Internet can improve public communications and enrich democracy
    Description / Table of Contents: Cover; Half-title; Series-title; Title; Copyright; Contents; Acknowledgements; Introduction: Anxiety and Optimism about Democracy; CHAPTER 1 Democracy's Deliberative Deficit; CHAPTER 2 A Crisis of Public Communication; CHAPTER 3 From Indirect to Direct Representation; CHAPTER 4 E-Democracy from Above; CHAPTER 5 E-Democracy from Below; CHAPTER 6 Shaping E-Democracy; CHAPTER 7 Realising the Democratic Potential of the Internet; Bibliography; Index
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 199-216) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511607813
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (xi, 301 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306.2
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    Keywords: Nationalismus ; Boundaries / Case studies ; Ethnicity / Case studies ; Nationalism / Case studies ; Ethnizität ; Staatsgrenze ; Nationalismus ; Fallstudiensammlung ; Fallstudiensammlung ; Fallstudiensammlung ; Fallstudiensammlung ; Staatsgrenze ; Ethnizität ; Nationalismus
    Abstract: This book offers fresh insights into the complex and various ways in which international frontiers influence cultural identities. The ten anthropological case studies collected here describe specific international borders in Europe, Asia, Africa and North America, and bring out the importance of boundary politics, and the diverse forms that it may take. The frontier itself may be of great symbolic importance; in other cases the symbolism lies rather in the disappearance of the traditional border. A frontier may be above all a barrier against immigration, or the front line between hostile armies. It may reinforce distinctive identities on each side of it, or the frontier may be disputed because it cuts across national identities. Drawing on anthropological perspectives, the book explores how cultural landscapes intersect with political boundaries, and ways in which state power informs cultural identity
    Description / Table of Contents: Nation, state and identity at international borders / Thomas M. Wilson and Hastings Donnan --- State formation and national identity in the Catalan borderlands during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries / Peter Sahlins --- A western perspective on an eastern interpretation of where north meets south: Pyrenean borderland cultures / William A. Douglass --- The 'new immigration' and the transformation of the European-African frontier / Henk Driessen --- Transnationalism in California and Mexico at the end of Empire / Michael Kearney --- National identity on the frontier: Palestinians in the Israeli education system / Dan Rabinowitz -- Grenzregime (border regimes): the Wall and its aftermath / John Borneman --- Transcending the state?: gender and borderline constructions of citizenship in Zimbabwe / A.P. Cheater --- Borders, boundaries, tradition and state on the Malaysian periphery / Janet Carsten --- Markets, morality and modernity in north-east Turkey / Chris Hann and Ildikó Bellér-Hann --- Imagining 'the south': hybridity, heterotopias and Arabesk on the Turkish-Syrian border / Martin Stokes
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 42
    ISBN: 9780511529450
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Lutz, Wolfgang, 1956 - Population and climate change
    DDC: 304.6
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    Keywords: Climatic changes ; Population ; Demographie ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Ökologische Faktoren ; Umweltforschung ; Wirtschaftliches Wachstum ; Klimaänderung ; Bevölkerung ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781009290227 , 9781009290272 , 9781009290241
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (477 p.)
    Keywords: Nuclear physics
    Abstract: Vladimir Gribov was one of the founding fathers of high-energy elementary particle physics. This volume derives from a graduate lecture course he delivered in the 1970s. It provides graduate students and researchers with the opportunity to learn from the teaching of one of the twentieth century's greatest physicists. Its content is still deeply relevant to modern research, for example exploring properties of the relativistic theory of hadron interactions in a domain of peripheral collisions and large distances that quantum chromodynamics has barely approached. In guiding the reader step-by-step from the basics of quantum mechanics and relativistic kinematics to the most challenging problems of high-energy hadron interactions with simplifying models and physical analogies, it demonstrates general methods of addressing difficult problems in theoretical physics. Covering a combination of topics not treated elsewhere, this 2008 title has been reissued as an Open Access publication
    Note: English
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781009290036 , 9781009289986 , 9781009290029
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (535 p.)
    Keywords: Nuclear physics
    Abstract: Bringing together the key ideas from nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and powerful methodology from quantum field theory, this 2008 book captures the essence of nonequilibrium quantum field theory. Beginning with the foundational aspects of the theory, the book presents important concepts and useful techniques, discusses issues of basic interest, and shows how thermal field, linear response, kinetic theories and hydrodynamics emerge. It also illustrates how these concepts are applied to research topics including nonequilibrium phase transitions, thermalization in relativistic heavy ion collisions, the nonequilibrium dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensation, and the generation of structures from quantum fluctuations in the early Universe. This self-contained book is a valuable reference for graduate students and researchers in particle physics, gravitation, cosmology, atomic-optical and condensed matter physics. It has been reissued as an Open Access publication
    Note: English
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511815300 , 9780521678742 , 9780521861472
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (ix, 614 pages)
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Rapoport, Yossef Shari’a: theory, practice, transformations. By Wael B. Hallaq. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. ix, 614 p. ISBN: 978-0-521-67874-2 (paperback). 68 2013
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Hallaq, Wael B., 1955 - Shariʿa
    DDC: 340.5/909
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    Keywords: Islamic law Interpretation and construction ; Islamic law Philosophy ; Islamic law ; Islamic law History ; Islamic law ; History ; Islamic law ; Islamic law ; Interpretation and construction ; Islamic law ; Philosophy ; Islamisches Recht
    Abstract: In recent years, Islamic law, or Shari'a, has been appropriated as a tool of modernity in the Muslim world and in the West and has become highly politicised in consequence. Wael Hallaq's magisterial overview of Shari'a sets the record straight by examining the doctrines and practices of Islamic law within the context of its history, and by showing how it functioned within pre-modern Islamic societies as a moral imperative. In so doing, Hallaq takes the reader on an epic journey tracing the history of Islamic law from its beginnings in seventh-century Arabia, through its development and transformation under the Ottomans, and across lands as diverse as India, Africa and South-East Asia, to the present. In a remarkably fluent narrative, the author unravels the complexities of his subject to reveal a love and deep knowledge of the law which will inform, engage and challenge the reader
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511527470
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 242 pages) , digital, PDF file(s)
    Edition: 1996
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Schatzki, Theodore R. Social practices
    DDC: 301/.01
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    Keywords: Wittgenstein, Ludwig ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Sociology Philosophy ; Wittgenstein, Ludwig ; 1889-1951 ; Sociology ; Philosophy ; Social sciences ; Philosophy ; Wittgenstein, Ludwig 1889-1951 ; Sozialphilosophie
    Abstract: This book addresses key topics in social theory such as the basic structures of social life, the character of human activity, and the nature of individuality. Drawing on the work of Wittgenstein, the author develops an account of social existence that argues that social practices are the fundamental phenomenon in social life. This approach offers insight into the social formation of individuals, surpassing and critiquing the existing practice theories of Bourdieu, Giddens, Lyotard and Oakeshott. In bringing Wittgenstein's work to bear on issues of social theory the book shows the relevance of his work to a body of thought to which it has never been applied. The book will be of particular interest to philosophers of the social sciences, a wide range of social theorists in political science and sociology, as well as some literary theorists
    Abstract: 1. The Emergence of Practice -- 2. Mind/Action/Body -- 3. The Social Constitution of Mind/Action and Body -- 4. Social Practices -- 5. Dimensions of Practice Theory -- 6. Practices and Sociality -- Postscript: Individual and Totality
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4808
    Parallel Title: Gorodnichenko, Yuriy Globalization and innovation in emerging markets
    Keywords: Globalization ; Technological innovations ; Globalization ; Technological innovations
    Abstract: "Globalization brings opportunities and pressures for domestic firms in emerging markets to innovate and improve their competitive position. Using data on firms in 27 transition economies, the authors test for the effects of globalization through the impact of increased competition and foreign direct investment on domestic firms' efforts to innovate (raise their capability) by upgrading their technology, improving the quality of their product or service, or acquiring certification. They find that competition has a negative effect on innovation, especially for firms further from the efficiency frontier, and we do not find support for an inverted U effect of competition on innovation. The authors show that the supply chain of multinational enterprises and international trade are important channels for domestic firms' innovation. They detect no evidence that firms in a more pro-business environment are more likely to display a positive or inverted U relationship between competition and innovation, or that they are more sensitive to foreign presence. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 48
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4809
    Parallel Title: Urdapilleta, Eduardo Banking in Brazil
    Keywords: Banks and banking ; Banks and banking
    Abstract: " The objective of this paper is to analyze the industry structure of banking services in Brazil in order to shed light on financial performance and its drivers at a disaggregated level. The study illustrates how differences across market segments - which tend to be averaged out in aggregate analysis - need to be taken into account when analyzing performance and designing public policy for the banking sector. In particular, retail banking is found to be less sensitive to price competition and to exhibit considerably higher returns than corporate banking. The authors identify and discuss the factors underlying revenues, costs, and risks in each market segment, and conclude with policy implications. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4813
    Parallel Title: Lokshin, Michael Month of birth and children's health in India
    Keywords: Childbirth ; Children Health and hygiene ; Childbirth ; Children Health and hygiene
    Abstract: "The authors use data from three waves of the India National Family Health Survey to explore the relationship between the month of birth and the health outcomes of young children in India. They find that children born during the monsoon months have lower anthropometric scores compared with children born during the fall and winter months. The authors propose and test four hypotheses that could explain such a correlation. The results emphasize the importance of seasonal variations in affecting environmental conditions at the time of birth and determining the health outcomes of young children in India. Policy interventions that affect these conditions could effectively impact the health and achievement of these children, in a manner similar to nutrition and micronutrient supplementation programs. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4817
    Parallel Title: Iarossi, Giuseppe The investment climate in 16 Indian states
    Keywords: Investments States ; Investments States
    Abstract: "In this paper, the author attempts to identify the characteristics of the business climate in India that can help explain the different performance of individual states in terms of investment and growth. The paper develops a new Investment Climate Index aimed at summarizing the aspects of the business environment that entrepreneurs consider when deciding whether to invest. Using this index, the author explores the investment climate in several typologies of Indian states and identify the key features of a poor business environment in India. The analysis shows that infrastructure and institutions remain the main bottlenecks in the country's private sector development. More specifically, power, transportation, corruption, tax regulations, and theft are major factors explaining the poor business environment in some Indian states. Infrastructure appears to be the single most important constraint, as it is particularly binding in states that show low levels of domestic investment and GDP growth. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 51
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4815
    Parallel Title: Zaidi, Salman Main drivers of income inequality in Central European and Baltic countries
    Keywords: Income distribution ; Income distribution ; Income distribution ; Income distribution
    Abstract: "Present levels of income inequality in Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia remain considerably higher than their pre-transition levels, although the relative pace of change over time has varied quite a bit across countries. Using data from the 2006 European Union Survey of Income and Living Conditions, this paper finds that prevailing levels of income inequality in these countries continue to be low by international standards, and that this is in large part due to the very high redistributive impact of direct taxes and public transfers. In addition to the instrumental role of tax and transfer policies in redistributing income, the paper highlights the important role played by differences in education levels and labor market participation rates in explaining observed inequalities across people and across different regions (although not in explaining observed differences across countries). The paper includes an analysis of key factors that help explain observed variation across countries in the level of public support for redistribution, including peoples' economic background and relative success in life, whether they perceive poverty to be associated with factors within or outside the control of those it afflicts (for example, laziness/lack of willpower vs. injustice in society). "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4821
    Parallel Title: Wagstaff, Adam Social health insurance vs. tax-financed health systems
    Keywords: Health insurance ; Health insurance
    Abstract: "This paper exploits the transitions between tax-financed health care and social health insurance in the OECD countries over the period 1960-2006 to assess the effects of adopting social health insurance over tax finance on per capita health spending, amenable mortality, and labor market outcomes. The paper uses regression-based generalizations of difference-in-differences and instrumental variables to address the possible endogeneity of a country's health system. It finds that adopting social health insurance in preference to tax financing increases per capita health spending by 3-4 percent, reduces the formal sector share of employment by 8-10 percent, and reduces total employment by as much as 6 percent. For the most part, social health insurance adoption has no significant impact on amenable mortality, but for one cause-breast cancer among women-social health insurance systems perform significantly worse, with 5-6 percent more potential years of life lost. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 53
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4823
    Parallel Title: Kenny, Charles Why do people die in earthquakes?
    Keywords: Earthquakes ; Earthquakes
    Abstract: "Every year, around 60,000 people die worldwide in natural disasters. The majority of the deaths are caused by building collapse in earthquakes, and the great majority occurs in the developing world. This is despite the fact that engineering solutions exist that can almost completely eliminate the risk of such deaths. Why is this? The engineering solutions are both expensive and technically demanding, so that the benefit-cost ratio of such solutions is often unfavorable compared with other interventions designed to save lives in developing countries. Nonetheless, a range of public disaster risk-reduction interventions (including construction activities) are highly cost effective. The fact that such interventions often remain unimplemented or ineffectively executed points to a role for issues of political economy. Building regulations in developing countries appear to have limited impact in many cases, perhaps because of limited capacity and the impact of corruption. Public construction is often of low quality - perhaps for similar reasons. This suggests approaches that emphasize simple and limited disaster risk regulation covering only the most at-risk structures and that (preferably) can be monitored by non-experts. It also suggests a range of transparency and oversight mechanisms for public construction projects. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 54
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4828
    Parallel Title: Schiff, Maurice W North-south trade-related technology diffusion, brain drain and productivity growth
    Keywords: Brain drain ; Diffusion of innovations ; Industrial productivity ; Brain drain ; Diffusion of innovations ; Industrial productivity
    Abstract: "The economies of small developing states tend to be more fragile than those of large ones. This paper examines this issue in a dynamic context by focusing on the impact of the brain drain on North-South trade-related technology diffusion and total factor productivity growth in small and large states in the South. There are three main findings. First, productivity growth increases with North-South trade-related technology diffusion and education and the interaction between the two, and decreases with the brain drain. Second, the impact of North-South trade-related technology diffusion, education, and their interaction on productivity growth in small states is more than three times that for large countries, with the negative impact of the brain drain thus more than three times greater in small than in large states. And third, the greater loss in productivity growth in small states has two brain drain-related causes: a substantially greater sensitivity of productivity growth to the brain drain, and brain drain levels that are more than five times greater in small than in large states. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 55
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4831
    Parallel Title: Hou, Xiaohui Wealth
    Keywords: Child labor ; Education ; Wealth ; Child labor ; Education ; Wealth
    Abstract: "The relationship between wealth and child labor has been widely examined. This paper uses three rounds of time-series, cross-sectional data to examine the relationship between wealth and child labor and schooling. The paper finds that wealth is crucial in determining a child's activities, but that this factor is far from being a sufficient condition to enroll a child in school. This is particularly the case for rural girls. Nonparametric analysis shows a universal increase in school enrollment for rural girls from 1998 to 2006. This increase is independent of wealth (measured by per capita expenditure). Multinomial logit regression further shows that wealth is insignificant in determining rural girls' activity decisions. Thus, interventions to increase school enrollment should incorporate broad-targeted, demand-side interventions as well as supply-side interventions. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 56
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4834
    Parallel Title: Gawande, Kishore S Foreign informational lobbying can enhance tourism
    Keywords: Lobbying ; Lobbying ; Tourism ; Lobbying ; Lobbying ; Tourism
    Abstract: "There exist legal channels for informational lobbying of U.S. policymakers by foreign principals. Foreign governments and private sector principals frequently and intensively use this institutional channel to lobby on trade and tourism issues. This paper empirically studies whether such lobbying effectively achieves its goal of trade promotion in the context of Caribbean tourism, and suggests the potential for using foreign lobbying as a vehicle for development. Panel data are used to explore and quantify the association between foreign lobbying by Caribbean principals and U.S. tourist arrivals to Caribbean destinations. A variety of sensitivity analyses support the finding of a strong association. The policy implications are obvious and potentially important for developing countries. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4838
    Parallel Title: Kendall, Jake Local financial development and growth
    Keywords: Banks and banking ; Human capital ; Banks and banking ; Human capital ; India Economic conditions 1991- ; Regional disparities ; India Economic conditions 1991- ; Regional disparities
    Abstract: "Using a unique sample of net domestic product data for districts in India, I investigate the connection between banking sector development, human capital, and economic growth at the sub-national level. Using disaggregate data avoids many of the omitted variable problems that plague cross-country studies of the finance-growth connection and facilitates an instrumentation strategy. The findings show that the growth of many districts in India is financially constrained due to lack of banking sector development, and that the relationship between finance and growth may be non-linear. For the districts in the sample, moving from the 75th percentile of credit/net domestic product to the 25th percentile implies an average loss of 4 percent in growth over the 1990s. This indicates that the gains from increased banking sector outreach may be large. The analysis shows that human capital deepening can reduce the effect of the financial constraint and help decouple growth from financial development. In a district at the 25th literacy percentile, the implied growth loss due to a constrained banking sector is twice as large as in a district at the 75th literacy percentile. Thus, higher levels of human capital may activate alternative growth and production channels that are less finance intensive. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4844
    Parallel Title: Ravallion, Martin Weakly relative poverty
    Keywords: Poverty ; Poverty
    Abstract: "Prevailing measures of relative poverty put an implausibly high weight on relative deprivation, such that measured poverty does not fall when all incomes grow at the same rate. This stems from the (implicit) assumption in past measures that very poor people incur a negligible cost of social inclusion. That assumption is inconsistent with evidence on the social roles of certain private expenditures in poor settings and with data on national poverty lines. The authors propose a new schedule of "weakly relative" lines that relax this assumption and estimate the implied poverty measures for 116 developing countries. The authors find that there is more relative poverty than past estimates have suggested. In 2005, one half of the population of the developing world lived in relative poverty, half of whom were absolutely poor. The total number of relatively poor rose over 1981-2005, despite falling numbers of absolutely poor. With sustained economic growth, the incidence of relative poverty becomes less responsive to further growth. Slower progress against relative poverty can thus be seen as the "other side of the coin" to success against absolute poverty. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 59
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4843
    Parallel Title: Lall, Somik V Connecting lagging and leading regions
    Keywords: Labor mobility ; Manpower policy ; Migration, Internal ; Labor mobility ; Manpower policy ; Migration, Internal
    Abstract: "How can policies improve the welfare of people in economically lagging regions of countries? Should policies help jobs follow people? Or should they enable people to follow jobs? In most countries, market forces have encouraged the geographic concentration of people and economic activEities - policies that try to offset these forces to encourage balanced economic growth have largely been unsuccessful. However, policies that help people get closer to economic density have improved individual welfare. In this paper, the authors examine the migration decisions of working-age Brazilians and find that the pull of higher wages in leading regions has a strong influence on the decision to migrate. However, many people are also "pushed" to migrate, starved of access to basic public services such as clean water and sanitation in their hometowns. Although migration is welfare-improving for these individuals, the economy may end up worse off as these migrants are more likely to add to congestion costs in cities than to contribute to agglomeration benefits. Encouraging human capital formation can stimulate labor mobility for economic gain; and improving access to and quality of basic services in lagging regions will directly improve welfare as well as reduce the type of migration motivated by the search for life-supporting basic services. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 60
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4846
    Parallel Title: Das Gupta, Monica Is there an incipient turnaround in Asia's "missing girls" phenomenon ?
    Keywords: Sex of children, Parental preferences for ; Sex ratio ; Sex of children, Parental preferences for ; Sex ratio
    Abstract: "The apparently inexorable rise in the proportion of "missing girls" in much of East and South Asia has attracted much attention amongst researchers and policy-makers. An encouraging trend was suggested by the case of South Korea, where child sex ratios were the highest in Asia but peaked in the mid-1990s and normalized thereafter. Using census data, we examine whether similar trends have begun to manifest themselves in the two large populous countries of this region, China and India. The data indicate that child sex ratios are peaking in these countries, and in many sub-national regions are beginning to trend towards less masculinization. This suggests that, with continuing vigorous efforts to reduce son preference, the "missing girls" phenomenon could be addressed in Asia. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 61
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4849
    Parallel Title: Bussolo, Maurizio Global income distribution and poverty in the absence of agricultural distortions
    Abstract: "This paper assesses the potential impacts of the removal of agriculture trade distortions using a newly developed dataset and methodological approach for evaluating the global poverty and inequality effects of policy reforms. It finds that liberalization of agriculture and food could increase global extreme poverty (US
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 62
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4854
    Parallel Title: Estache, Antonio (Un)bundling infrastructure procurement
    Keywords: Government purchasing ; Infrastructure (Economics) ; Sanitation ; Water-supply ; Government purchasing ; Infrastructure (Economics) ; Sanitation ; Water-supply
    Abstract: "Competition in public procurement auctions in the water supply and sanitation sector is largely limited. This is partly because of high technical complexity and partly because of auction design flaws. The division of lot contracts is an important policy choice for auctioneers to achieve efficiency. In general, there is a tradeoff between competition in auctions and size of contracts. Larger works could benefit from economies of scale and scope, but large contracts might undermine competition. Using data on public procurement auctions for water and sewage projects in developing countries, this paper shows that bidder entry is crucially endogenous, especially because it is determined by the auctioneer's bundling and unbundling strategy. If water treatment plant and distribution network works are bundled in a single lot package, competition would be significantly reduced, and this adverse entry effect would in turn raise the public procurement costs of infrastructure. There is no evidence of positive scope economies in the bidder cost structure. It is important to account for the underlying cost structure for designing efficient auction mechanisms. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 63
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4855
    Parallel Title: Estache, Antonio Bidders' entry and auctioneer's rejection
    Abstract: "Limited competition has been a serious concern in infrastructure procurement. Importantly, however, there are normally a number of potential bidders initially showing interest in proposed projects. This paper focuses on tackling the question why these initially interested bidders fade out. An empirical problem is that no bids of fading-out firms are observable. They could decide not to enter the process at the beginning of the tendering or may be technically disqualified at any point in the selection process. This paper applies the double selection model to procurement data from road development projects in developing countries and examines why competition ends up restricted. It shows that bidders are self-selective and auctioneers also tend to limit participation depending on the size of contracts. Therefore, limited competition would likely lead to high infrastructure procurement costs. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/5/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 64
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4859
    Parallel Title: Khandker, Shahidur R Welfare impacts of rural electrification
    Keywords: Income ; Rural electrification ; Income ; Rural electrification
    Abstract: "Lack of access to electricity is one of the major impediments to growth and development of the rural economies in developing countries. That is why access to modern energy, in particular to electricity, has been one of the priority themes of the World Bank and other development organizations. Using a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2005 of some 20,000 households in rural Bangladesh, this paper studies the welfare impacts of households' grid connectivity. Based on rigorous econometric estimation techniques, this study finds that grid electrification has significant positive impacts on households' income, expenditure, and educational outcomes. For example, the gain in total income due to electrification can be as much as 30 percent and as low as 9 percent. Benefits go up steadily as household exposure to grid electrification (measured by duration) increases and eventually reach a plateau. This paper also finds that rich households benefit more from electrification than poor households. Finally, estimates also show that income benefits of electrification on an average exceed cost by a wide margin. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 65
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4860
    Parallel Title: Sinha, Nistha Long-term financial incentives and investment in daughters
    Keywords: Daughters ; Health status indicators ; Human capital ; Sex of children, Parental preferences for ; Daughters ; Health status indicators ; Human capital ; Sex of children, Parental preferences for
    Abstract: "Since the early 1990s, several states in India have introduced financial incentive programs to discourage son preference among parents and encourage investment in daughters' education and health. This study evaluates one such program in the state of Haryana, Apni Beti Apna Dhan (Our Daughter, Our Wealth). Since 1994, eligible parents in Haryana have been offered a financial incentive if they give birth to a daughter. The incentive consists of an immediate cash grant and a long-term savings bond redeemable on the daughter's 18th birthday provided she is unmarried, with additional bonuses for education. Although no specific program participation data are available, we estimate early intent-to-treat program effects on mothers (sex ratio among live children, fertility preferences) and children (mother's use of antenatal care, survival, nutritional status, immunization, schooling) using statewide household survey data on fertility and child health, and constructing proxies for household and individual program eligibility. The results based on this limited data imply that Apni Beti Apna Dhan had a positive effect on the sex ratio of living children, but inconclusive effects on mothers' preferences for having female children as well as total desired fertility. The findings also show that parents increased their investment in daughters' human capital as a result of the program. Families made greater post-natal health investments in eligible girls, with some mixed evidence of improving health status in the short and medium term. Further evidence also suggests that the early cohort of eligible school-age girls was not significantly more likely to attend school; however, conditional on first attending any school, they may be more likely to continue their education. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 66
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4865
    Parallel Title: Lloyd, P. J Global distortions to agricultural markets
    Keywords: Agricultural prices ; Agriculture Economic aspects ; Agriculture and state ; Agricultural prices ; Agriculture Economic aspects ; Agriculture and state
    Abstract: "Despite recent reforms, world agricultural markets remain highly distorted by government policies. Traditional indicators of those price distortions can be poor guides to the policies' economic effects. Recent theoretical literature provides indicators of trade and welfare-reducing effects of price and trade policies which this paper builds on to develop more-satisfactory indexes. The authors exploit a new Agricultural Distortion database to generate estimates of them for developing and high-income countries over the past half century. These better approximations of the trade and welfare effects of sector policies are generated without a formal model of global markets or even price elasticity estimates. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4868
    Parallel Title: Van Kooten, G. C Wind power development
    Keywords: Wind power ; Wind power
    Abstract: "This study reviews the prospects of wind power at the global level. Existing studies indicate that the earth's wind energy supply potential significantly exceeds global energy demand. Yet, only 1 percent of the global electricity demand is currently derived from wind power despite 40 percent annual growth in wind generating capacity over the past 25 years. More than 98 percent of total current wind power capacity is installed in the developed countries plus China and India. It has been estimated that wind power could supply 7 to 34 percent of global electricity needs by 2050. However, wind power faces a large number of technical, economic, financial, institutional, market, and other barriers. To overcome these barriers, many countries have employed various policy instruments, including capital subsidies, tax incentives, tradable energy certificates, feed-in tariffs, grid access guarantees and mandatory standards. Besides these policies, climate change mitigation initiatives resulting from the Kyoto Protocol (e.g., CO2-emission reduction targets in developed countries and the Clean Development Mechanism in developing countries) have played a significant role in promoting wind power. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/19/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 68
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4869
    Parallel Title: Kinda, Tidiane Firms' productive performance and the investment climate in developing economies
    Keywords: Industrial productivity ; Investments ; Industrial productivity ; Investments
    Abstract: "Drawing on the World Bank Investment Climate Assessment surveys, this paper investigates the relationship between firm-level technical efficiency and the investment climate for 22 developing economies and eight manufacturing industries. The authors first propose three measures of firms' productive performance: labor productivity, total factor productivity, and technical efficiency. They show that, on average, enterprises in the Middle East and North Africa have performed poorly compared with other countries in the sample. The exception is Morocco, whose various measures of firm-level productivity rank close to the ones of the most productive economies. The analysis also reveals that the competitiveness of countries in the region has been handicapped by high unit labor cost, compared with main competitors like China and India. The empirical results show then? that the investment climate matters for firms' productive performance. This is true (depending on the industry) for the quality of various infrastructure, the experience and education level of the labor force, the cost of and access to financing, as well as different dimensions of the government-business relation. The analysis reveals that some industries, more exposed to international competition, are more sensitive to investment climate deficiencies. For some industries, this is also true for small and medium domestic enterprises that do not have the possibility to influence their investment climate or choose their location. These findings bear clear policy implications by showing that increasing firms' size and improving the investment climate (in particular of small and medium firms and industries more exposed to international competition) could constitute a powerful means of industrial development and competitiveness, in the Middle East and North Africa region in particular. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/25/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4870
    Parallel Title: Fernandes, Ana Margarida Professional services and development
    Keywords: Professional education ; Professions ; Professional education ; Professions
    Abstract: "Professional skills are scarce in Mozambique, even by the standards of low-income countries. The solution, however, is not necessarily to create more Mozambican training institutions but to address market-specific problems. Where skills are already the binding constraint (for example, in auditing and engineering), policy action is indeed needed to remedy supply-side problems: capital market imperfections that inhibit investment in training institutions by entrepreneurs and in education by individuals; weakness in upstream school education, which handicaps Mozambican students in their pursuit of higher education; inadequacies in professional education and training, including curricula not attuned to industry needs; and a fragmentation of the regional education market by regulatory and language differences that prevent the emergence of regional institutions that can exploit economies of scale.Where skills may be limited but are not yet the binding constraint, the priority is to stimulate demand for appropriate skills. In this respect, the emergence of professional guilds offers opportunities, but also creates risks. The guilds can design, with government support, a regulatory framework, for example, in accounting and basic engineering, which is more attuned to the needs of Mozambican firms. They can also help make firms more aware of the benefits of professional help, for example, in accounting and information technology. The risk is that guilds will create unnecessary regulatory barriers to entry, particularly for foreign or foreign-trained professionals. Greater coherence between policies affecting professional services and international migration policy can help deal with both supply-side and demand-side problems. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 70
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4877
    Parallel Title: Jack, William Health investments and economic growth
    Keywords: Economic development Health aspects ; Health Social aspects ; Medical economics ; Economic development Health aspects ; Health Social aspects ; Medical economics
    Abstract: "This paper reviews the correlations and potential links between health and economic growth and summarizes the evidence on the role of government in improving health status. At the macroeconomic level, the evidence of an impact of health on growth remains ambiguous due both to difficulties in measuring health, and to the methodological challenges of identifying causal links. The evidence on the micro linkages from health investments to productivity and income are robust. Progress in life expectancy over the past two centuries has been spectacular, fueled by: improved agriculture that has increased food quantity; knowledge of disease transmission, and effective public health interventions that have controlled communicable diseases such as malaria, yellow fever, and hookworm; and, most recently and importantly, investments in very young children that pay off in healthier and more productive adults. Whether public investments in medical care affect health hinges on the quality of health institutions. In much of the developing world, factors such as chronic absenteeism among public providers, poor budget execution, ineffective management, and virtually no accountability weaken public efforts. Institutional issues are central in efforts to enhance public health investments, which in turn have a direct impact on the population's welfare and, perhaps over the long term, improvements in national income. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4889
    Parallel Title: Available in another form Orphanhood and the living arrangements of children in Sub-Saharan Africa
    Keywords: 1991-2004 ; Kinder ; Eltern ; Sterblichkeit ; Humankapital ; Gesundheit ; Bildungsverhalten ; Tansania ; AIDS (Disease) ; Child care ; Orphans ; AIDS (Disease) ; Child care ; Orphans
    Abstract: "Increasing adult mortality due to HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa raises considerable concerns about the welfare of surviving children. Studies have found substantial variability across countries in the negative impacts of orphanhood on child health and education. One hypothesis for this variability is the resilience of the extended family network in some countries to care for orphans-networks under increasing pressure by the sheer number of orphans in many settings. Using household survey data from 21 countries in Africa, this study examines trends in orphanhood and living arrangements, and the links between the two. The findings confirm that orphanhood is increasing, although not all countries are experiencing rapid rises. In many countries, there has been a shift toward grandparents taking on increased childcare responsibility-especially where orphan rates are growing rapidly. This suggests some merit to the claim that the extended network is narrowing, focusing on grandparents who are older and may be less able to financially support orphans than working-age adults. However there are also changes in childcare patterns in countries with stable orphan rates or low HIV prevalence. This suggests future work on living arrangements should not exclude low HIV/AIDS prevalence countries, and explanations for changes should include a broader set of factors. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4887
    Parallel Title: De Hoyos, Rafael E Poverty effects of higher food prices
    Keywords: Food prices ; Poverty ; Food prices ; Poverty
    Abstract: "The spike in food prices between 2005 and the first half of 2008 has highlighted the vulnerabilities of poor consumers to higher prices of agricultural goods and generated calls for massive policy action. This paper provides a formal assessment of the direct and indirect impacts of higher prices on global poverty using a representative sample of 63 to 93 percent of the population of the developing world. To assess the direct effects, the paper uses domestic food consumer price data between January 2005 and December 2007--when the relative price of food rose by an average of 5.6 percent --to find that the implied increase in the extreme poverty headcount at the global level is 1.7 percentage points, with significant regional variation. To take the second-order effects into account, the paper links household survey data with a global general equilibrium model, finding that a 5.5 percent increase in agricultural prices (due to rising demand for first-generation biofuels) could raise global poverty in 2010 by 0.6 percentage points at the extreme poverty line and 0.9 percentage points at the moderate poverty line. Poverty increases at the regional level vary substantially, with nearly all of the increase in extreme poverty occurring in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 73
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4900
    Parallel Title: Mendola, Mariapia International migration and gender differentials in the home labor market
    Keywords: Sex role in the work environment ; Sex role in the work environment ; Albania Emigration and immigration ; Albania Emigration and immigration
    Abstract: "This paper examines the role of male-dominated international migration in shaping labor market outcomes by gender in migrant-sending households in Albania. Using detailed information on family migration experience from the latest Living Standards Measurement Study survey, the authors find that male and female labor supplies respond differently to the current and past migration episodes of household members. Controlling for the potential endogeneity of migration and for the income (remittances) effect, the estimates show that having a migrant abroad decreases female paid labor supply and increases unpaid work. However, women with past family migration experience are significantly more likely to engage in self-employment and less likely to supply unpaid work. The same relationships do not hold for men. These findings suggest that over time male-dominated Albanian migration may lead to women's empowerment in access to income-earning opportunities at the origin. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 74
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4899
    Parallel Title: Barbone, Luca The foreign-born population in the European Union and its contribution to national tax and benefit systems
    Keywords: Foreign workers ; Immigrants ; Foreign workers ; Immigrants
    Abstract: "Despite the purported surge in internal migration following the 2004 enlargement of the European Union, data from the 2006 European Union Survey of Income and Living Conditions show that internal migrants are a relatively small share of the European Union's population. Depending on the exact definition used, only about 1 to 2 percent of the population of European Union-13 countries (members prior to the 2004 enlargement, not including Germany and Luxembourg) were born in other European Union countries, while the corresponding share for European Union-4 countries (Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic, and Slovakia) is even lower. By contrast, about 6 percent of the population of European Union-13 countries was born outside the European Union. On examining the demographic and socio-economic background of the migrant population (both from within as well as outside the European Union), this paper finds that migrants tend to include a concentration of both low as well as highly educated workers. Both sets of migrants uniformly contribute to raising the working-age population of receiving countries. Using data on average incomes and taxes paid and benefits received by migrant and non-migrant households, the authors find no evidence to support the contention that migrant workers contribute much less in taxes than the native-born population, or consume significantly higher benefits. On the contrary, our calculations suggest that migrant workers make a net contribution of approximately 42 billion euros to the national tax and benefit systems of European Union-13 countries. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 75
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4903
    Parallel Title: Gootiiz, Batshur Services in Doha
    Keywords: Service industries ; Service industries
    Abstract: "Services trade reform matters, but what is Doha doing about it? It has been hard to judge, because of the opaqueness of services policies and the opaqueness of the request-offer negotiating process. This paper attempts to assess what is on the table. It presents the results of the first survey of applied trade policies in the major services sectors of 56 industrial and developing countries. These policies are then compared with these countries' Uruguay Round commitments in services and the best offers that they have made in the current Doha negotiations. The paper finds that at this stage, Doha promises greater security of access to markets but not any additional liberalization. Uruguay Round commitments are on average 2.3 times more restrictive than current policies. The best offers submitted so far as part of the Doha negotiations improve on Uruguay Round commitments by about 13 percent but remain on average 1.9 times more restrictive than actual policies. The World Trade Organization's Hong Kong Ministerial had set out ambitious goals for services but the analysis here shows that much remains to be done to achieve them. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 76
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4909
    Parallel Title: Yamauchi, Futoshi Risks, ex-ante actions and public assistance
    Keywords: Education ; Human capital ; Natural disasters ; Education ; Human capital ; Natural disasters
    Abstract: "This paper examines the impacts of natural disasters on schooling investments with special focus on the roles of ex-ante actions and ex-post responses using panel data from Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Malawi. The importance of ex-ante actions depends on disaster risks and the likelihood of public assistance, which potentially creates substitution between the two actions. The findings show that higher future probabilities of disasters increase the likelihood of holding more human capital and/or livestock relative to land, and this asset-portfolio effect is significant in disaster prone areas. The empirical results support the roles of both ex-ante and ex-post responses (public assistance) in coping with disasters, but also show interesting variations across countries. In Ethiopia, public assistance plays a more important role than ex-ante actions to mitigate the impact of shocks on child schooling. In contrast, households in Malawi rely more on private ex-ante actions than public assistance. The Bangladesh example shows active roles of both ex-ante and ex-post actions. These observations are consistent with the finding on the relationship between ex-ante actions and disaster risks. The results also show that among ex-ante actions, human capital accumulated in the household prior to disasters helps mitigate the negative effects of disasters in both the short and long runs. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 77
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4912
    Parallel Title: Yepes, Tito Making sense of Africa's infrastructure endowment
    Keywords: Infrastructure (Economics) ; Infrastructure (Economics)
    Abstract: "The paper's objective is to explain factors underlying Africa's weak infrastructure endowment and to identify suitable infrastructure goals for the region based on benchmarking against international peers. The authors use a dataset covering the stocks of key infrastructure-including information and communication technology (ICT), power, roads, and water-across 155 developing countries over the period 1960 to 2005. The paper also examines subregional differences within Africa. They make use of regression techniques to control for a comprehensive set of economic, demographic, geographic, and historic conditioning factors, as well as adjusting for potential endogeneities. Results show that Africa lags behind all other regions of the developing world in its infrastructure endowment, except in ICT. By far the largest gaps arise in the power sector, with generating capacity and household access to electricity at half the levels observed in South Asia. While it is often assumed that Africa's infrastructure deficit is largely a reflection of its relatively low income levels, the authors find that African countries have much more limited infrastructure than income peers in other parts of the developing world. Countries that face the most challenging environment, with low population density, weak governance, and history of conflict, have the poorest infrastructure endowments. At the outset of the data series, Africa was doing significantly better than other developing regions for road density, generation capacity, and fixed-line telephones, but Africa's relative position has deteriorated over time. The most dramatic loss of ground has come in electrical generating capacity, which has stagnated since 1980. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4920
    Parallel Title: Andriamananjara, Soamiely Assessing the economic impacts of an economic partnership agreement on Nigeria
    Keywords: European Union countries Foreign economic relations ; Nigeria Foreign economic relations ; European Union countries Foreign economic relations ; Nigeria Foreign economic relations
    Abstract: "This study discusses potential economic implications for Nigeria of an Economic Partnership Agreement with the European Union. It uses the World Bank's Tariff Reform Impact Simulation Tool to assess the effects of preferential tariff liberalization with respect to the European Union. The results suggest that the impact of an Economic Partnership Agreement on total imports into Nigeria will be slight. This is in part because the Agreement will likely allow the most protected sectors to be excluded from liberalization, and also because where substantial tariffs are involved much of the increase in imports from the European Union will occur at the expense of other suppliers of imports. It is this trade diversion, arising from the discriminatory nature of the EPA, which generates a negative welfare impact of the tariff reforms. One way for Nigeria to limit these losses is to pursue non-preferential trade liberalization before implementing an EPA. The paper looks at the large number of import bans in Nigeria and argues that the positive impact on welfare of removing these import bans is likely to be substantial. Their removal would undermine a major reason for cross border smuggling and pave the way for a return to normal regional trade flows. The paper shows how an Economic Partnership Agreement presents an opportunity for accelerating the reforms that are needed to support a strategy to increase regional and global trade integration. Such an agreement is more likely to have positive and significant impacts when integrated into a comprehensive strategy toward competitiveness and alleviation of the supply constraints that have stifled the impact of previous trade agreements. Key issues that should be addressed include liberalization and regulatory strengthening of services sectors to ensure that all firms in Nigeria have access to efficiently produced backbone services and initiatives to address the country's poor trade logistics performance. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 79
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4923
    Parallel Title: Khandker, Shahidur R Poverty and income seasonality in Bangladesh
    Keywords: Income ; Poverty ; Income ; Poverty
    Abstract: "Seasonal poverty in Bangladesh, locally known as monga, refers to seasonal deprivation of food during the pre-harvest season of Aman rice. An analysis of household income and expenditure survey data shows that average household income and consumption are much lower during monga season than in other seasons, and that seasonal income greatly influences seasonal consumption. However, lack of income and consumption smoothing is more acute in greater Rangpur, the North West region, than in other regions, causing widespread seasonal deprivation. The analysis shows that agricultural income diversification accompanied by better access to micro-credit, irrigation, education, electrification, social safety net programs, and dynamic labor markets has helped reduce seasonality in income and poverty in regions other than Rangpur in the recent past. Hence, government policies should promote income diversification through infrastructure investments and provide income transfers to the targeted poor to contain income seasonality and poverty in this impoverished part of Bangladesh. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 80
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4930
    Parallel Title: Iacovone, Leonardo The better you are the stronger it makes you
    Keywords: Free trade ; Industrial productivity ; Free trade ; Industrial productivity
    Abstract: "This paper studies how liberalization affects productivity growth using micro-level plant data. While previous studies have already shown the existence of a positive relationship between competition and economic performance, the novelty of this paper is that it analyzes not only the average impact of liberalization, but also goes "beyond the average" and shows how the liberalization can affect dissimilar plants in a different way. The author first develops a model which predicts that, while the impact of liberalization on productivity growth is positive "on average", more advanced firms tend to benefit more. In fact, liberalization generates two competing effects: on one side it spurs more innovative efforts because of the increased entry threat by foreign competitors, on the other side, enhanced competition curtails expected profits and reduces the funds available to finance innovative activities. The pro-competitive effect is weaker for less advanced firms as for them it is harder to catch-up with the "technology frontier". These predictions are then tested focusing on Mexican plants during the NAFTA liberalization. The results show that a 1 percent reduction in tariffs spurred productivity growth between 4 and 8 percent on average. However, for backward firms this effect is much weaker if not close to zero, otherwise for more advanced ones this effect is stronger with productivity growing between 11 and 13 percent. Consistent with the theoretical model the results are stronger in those sectors where the scope for innovative activities is more pronounced. These results are particularly important for policy makers because they suggest that while increasing competition may be good in spurring average productivity, it is also true that this effect does not hold for all type of firms, in particular more backward firms may need some complementary support policy to upgrade their capacities and keep up with the more competitive environment. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/26/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 81
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4932
    Parallel Title: Bandyopadhyay, Sushenjit Household welfare and natural resource management around national parks in Zambia
    Keywords: Wildlife management areas ; Wildlife management areas ; Zambia Economic conditions ; Zambia Economic conditions
    Abstract: "Game management areas in Zambia aim to combine nature conservation with economic empowerment of rural households. By looking at households inside and outside game management areas, this study advances the knowledge of the impact of community based natural resource management on household welfare. The paper focuses on the economic welfare of households living inside game management areas. It tries to answer the question: Do the households in game management areas enjoy higher levels of welfare relative to the conditions they would have been in had the area not been designated as a game management area? Within the game management area, the paper tries to determine the factors that influence household participation in natural resource management, and whether the participating households get any extra benefits. Also of interest is whether such benefits of living in a game management area, and, once in such an area, those of participating accrue more to the poorer segments of the communities. The study finds that the gains from living in a game management area and from active participation in natural resource management are large but unevenly distributed. Only game management areas near Kasanka, Lavushi, Isangano, and South Luangwa national parks in the sample show significant benefits to general and participating households. And in those areas, the poor do not seem to gain even when they participate actively. More even distribution of gains from game management areas across households near different park systems and across the poor and the non-poor should be a continuing goal of national policy makers. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/26/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 82
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4936
    Parallel Title: Rodríguez González, Aldo Javier Optimal pre-merger notification mechanisms
    Keywords: Consolidation and merger of corporations ; Consolidation and merger of corporations
    Abstract: "The authors compare the two merger control systems currently employed worldwide: a mandatory system based on merger size threshold and a voluntary system with ex-post monitoring and fines. The voluntary system possesses two informational advantages: (i) the enforcement agency employs more information -verifiable and non verifiable parameters- to decide the set of mergers to investigate, and (ii) the first move of merging firms reveals useful information to the agency about the competitive risk of a merger. If fines for undue omission to notify are upward limited, then a mixed mechanism is optimal, where small transactions are under a voluntary regime while the big mergers are obliged to report. Remedies for fixing anticompetitive mergers act as an instrument that induces firms to notify the operation, improving further the advantage of the voluntary mechanism. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/26/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9780511510977
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxvii, 540 pages) , digital, PDF file(s)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rosefielde, Steven, 1942 - Masters of illusion
    DDC: 306.20973
    Keywords: Political culture ; National security ; Government information ; Government information ; United States ; Political culture ; United States ; National security ; United States ; United States ; Politics and government ; USA ; Regierung ; Innere Sicherheit ; Massenmedien ; Öffentlichkeitsarbeit ; United States Politics and government ; United States Politics and government ; USA ; Innere Sicherheit ; Politische Führung ; Politische Kultur
    Abstract: The United States will confront a series of fundamental challenges through the middle of the twenty-first century. Using a theory of economic systems to gauge present and future global conflicts, Steven Rosefielde and D. Quinn Mills see the challenges as posed sequentially by terrorism, Russia, China, and the European Union. In the cases of terrorism, Russia, and China, Western leaders appreciate aspects of these perils, but they are crafting unduly soft policies to deal with the challenges. The authors believe that 'globalists' notwithstanding, such views are myopic in an era where nuclear proliferation has invalidated the concept of mutually assured destruction. What America requires is a new security concept that the authors call 'strategic independence' to enable keeping the peace in dangerous times and foster new generations of leaders capable of acting sanely despite a current public culture addicted to wishful thinking
    Abstract: A world wounded -- Long-term economic realism -- "Smooth comforts false" -- the illusions that confuse us -- Towers of illusion: dysfunctional behaviors -- Mythomaniacs: the sources of our illusions -- Champions of freedom or imperialists: how we're perceived -- We're different now -- The economic roots of American power -- Economic disparities among nations -- Geopolitical aspirations of the nations -- A witch's brew of troubles: the next big wars -- The Middle East -- Strategic independence: an ounce of prevention -- America as mature superpower -- The dangers of overreach -- The transatlantic trap -- The middle course -- How public culture inhibits presidential leadership -- Choosing a great president -- Master of illusions
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 84
    ISBN: 9780511616839
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 374 pages) , digital, PDF file(s).
    Series Statement: Cambridge cultural social studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Social performance
    DDC: 306.01
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Culture. ; Performative (Philosophy) ; Action theory. ; Symbolism (Psychology) ; Cognition and culture. ; Symbolic interactionism. ; Symbolic interactionism ; Symbolism (Psychology) ; Action theory ; Performative (Philosophy) ; Cognition and culture ; Culture ; Culture ; Performative (Philosophy) ; Action theory ; Symbolism (Psychology) ; Cognition and culture ; Symbolic interactionism ; Politik ; Politische Kultur ; Symbol ; Ritual ; Gesellschaft ; Soziale Bewegung ; Protestbewegung ; Verhaltenssoziologie ; Soziales Handeln ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Symbolik ; Soziales Handeln ; Kultursoziologie ; Soziales Handeln ; Ritual ; Soziologische Theorie ; Performanz
    Abstract: Jeffrey C. Alexander brings together new and leading contributors to make a powerful and coherently argued case for a new direction in cultural sociology, one that focuses on the intersection between performance, ritual and social action. Performance has always been used by sociologists to understand the social world but this volume offers the first systematic analytical framework based on the performance metaphor to explain large-scale social and cultural processes. From September 11, to the Clinton/Lewinsky affair, to the role of the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Social Performance draws on recent work in performative theory in the humanities and in cultural studies to offer a novel approach to the sociology of culture. Inspired by the theories of Austin, Derrida, Durkheim, Goffman, and Turner, this is a path-breaking volume that makes a major contribution to the field. It will appeal to scholars and students alike.
    Abstract: Introduction : Symbolic action in theory and practice : the cultural pragmatics of symbolic action / Jeffrey C. Alexander and Jason L. Mast -- Cultural pragmatics : social performance between ritual and strategy ; From the depths of despair : performance, counterperformance, and "September 11" / Jeffrey C. Alexander -- The cultural pragmatics of event-ness : the Clinton/Lewinsky affair / Jason L. Mast -- Social dramas, shipwrecks, and cockfights : conflict and complicity in social performance / Isaac Reed -- Performing a "new" nation : the role of the TRC in South Africa / Tanya Goodman -- Performing opposition or, how social movements move / Ron Eyerman -- Politics as theatre : an alternative view of the rationalities of power / David E. Apter -- Symbols in action : Willy Brandt's kneefall at the Warsaw memorial / Valentin Rauer -- The promise of performance and the problem of order / Kay Junge -- Performance art / Bernhard Giesen -- Performing the sacred : a Durkheimian perspective on the performative turn in the social sciences / Bernhard Giesen
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 85
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4812
    Parallel Title: Kudo, Ines Measuring beginner reading skills
    Keywords: Education ; Reading ; Education ; Reading
    Abstract: "Based on analysis of reading performance data from 475 third-graders in Peru, this study makes recommendations on improving reading tests, choice of reading standards, and how to present the results at the school and individual levels. The paper reviews the literature on using reading skills measurement in the early grades to guide policymaking, strengthen accountability, and improve education quality. It uses data generated from the same students using two common approaches to measuring reading skills: an individually-administered oral fluency test, and a group-administered written comprehension test designed by the Ministry of Education for the 2006 universal standard test of second grade reading comprehension. These two approaches have sometimes been presented as competing alternatives, but the paper shows that it is better if they are used together, as complements. Based on psychometric analysis, the paper shows that both the oral and written tests adequately measured students' reading abilities. The results show that reading fluency and comprehension are correlated: fluent readers are more likely to understand what they read than non-fluent readers. The strength of the fluency-comprehension relationship depends on the level of fluency, the difficulty of the questions, and social characteristics of the school. The paper recommends using improved versions of both tests to evaluate early grade reading skills, as a central element of a system of accountability for results. It proposes a model for reporting test results desgned to highlight the importance of reading standards, mobilize the education community to reach them, track progress, and identify students in need of extra support. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4816
    Parallel Title: Ravallion, Martin The developing world's bulging (but vulnerable) "middle class
    Keywords: Middle class ; Middle class
    Abstract: "The "developing world's middle class" is defined here as those who are not poor when judged by the median poverty line of developing countries, but are still poor by US standards. The "Western middle class" is defined as those who are not poor by US standards. Although barely 80 million people in the developing world entered the Western middle class over 1990-2002, economic growth and distributional shifts allowed an extra 1.2 billion people to join the developing world's middle class. Four-fifths came from Asia, and half from China. Most of the new entrants remained fairly close to poverty, with incomes now bunched up just above
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4820
    Parallel Title: Kuegler, Alice A curse of comparison?
    Keywords: Income ; Income
    Abstract: "This paper proposes that individuals care about the relative income of proximate reference groups. Making use of self-reported life satisfaction as a proxy for unobservable utility, the relative income of siblings is tested for relevance as a reference point for new sample data from Venezuela. Having greater perceived income than one's siblings is found to be positively linked to individual life satisfaction. This evidence supplements the scarce economic research on reference groups, supporting the hypothesis that individuals with proximate characteristics and resembling opportunities in life serve as points of comparison. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4825
    Parallel Title: Obermaier, Andreas J Cross-border purchases of health services
    Keywords: Medical care ; Medical care ; Medical care ; Medical care
    Abstract: "This paper explores the structure of cross-border health purchasing between Austria and Hungary and determines the size of this phenomenon as well as the barriers to a further increase. Austrian patients may receive health care treatment in Hungary in three different ways. First, patients may receive benefits in the context of the European Community Regulations 1408/71 and 574/72 (Category I patients). Second, outside those regulatory structures, Austrian patients travel to Hungary to receive medical treatment, especially dental treatment, and then seek reimbursement from their Austrian insurance (Category II patients). Third, some patients receive medical treatment in Hungary outside both schemes (Category III patients). There are about 42,500 Category I patients per year; and 58,000 Category II patients world-wide per year. An unknown but supposedly greater number of patients travel to Hungary to receive mainly dental treatment and cosmetic surgery (Category III). Most health actors in both Austria and Hungary do not regard cross-border purchasing of health services as having cost-saving effects. They put forward major legal, institutional, political, and psychological barriers, which inhibit public and private Austrian providers, to facilitate trade in health care and which inhibit individual patients to realize cost savings through capitalizing on lower health care prices in Hungary. Therefore, for the time being, trade in health care and patient mobility between Austria and Hungary is a circumscribed phenomenon in terms of quantities, and it will most probably remain so in the near future. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4827
    Parallel Title: Docquier, Frédéric Measuring skilled migration rates
    Keywords: Brain drain States, Small ; Migration, Internal ; States, Small Emigration and immigration ; Brain drain States, Small ; Migration, Internal ; States, Small Emigration and immigration
    Abstract: "Recent changes in information and communication technologies have contributed to a dramatic increase in the degree of integration and interdependency of countries, markets, and people. Against this background, one aspect of particular concern for small states is the international movement of people. This paper focuses on this particularly important aspect of globalization, with emphasis on the movement of skilled people and its relationship with country size. In addition to overall skilled migration, it provides evidence that controls for migration age in order to distinguish between those educated in the home country and those educated abroad. The authors discuss the growth implications of the brain drain from small countries and policies that may help control it. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4830
    Parallel Title: Moral-Benito, Enrique Determinants of economic growth
    Keywords: Bayesian statistical decision theory ; Economic development ; Bayesian statistical decision theory ; Economic development
    Abstract: "Model uncertainty hampers consensus on the key determinants of economic growth. Some recent cross-country, cross-sectional analyses have employed Bayesian Model Averaging to address the issue of model uncertainty. This paper extends that approach to panel data models with country-specific fixed effects. The empirical results show that the most robust growth determinants are the price of investment goods, distance to major world cities, and political rights. This suggests that growth-promoting policy strategies should aim to reduce taxes and distortions that raise the prices of investment goods; improve access to international markets; and promote democracy-enhancing institutional reforms. Moreover, the empirical results are robust to different prior assumptions on expected model size. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4833
    Parallel Title: Ferre, Celine Age at first child
    Keywords: Education ; Fertility, Human ; Teenage pregnancy ; Education ; Fertility, Human ; Teenage pregnancy
    Abstract: "Completing additional years of education necessarily entails spending more time in school. There is naturally a rather mechanical effect of schooling on fertility if women tend not to have children while continuing to attend high school or college, thus delaying the beginning of and shortening their reproductive life. This paper uses data from the Kenyan Demographic and Health Surveys of 1989, 1993, 1998, and 2003 to uncover the impact of staying one more year in school on teenage fertility. To get around the endogeneity issue between schooling and fertility preferences, the analysis uses the 1985 Kenyan education reform as an instrument for years of education. The authors find that adding one more year of education decreases by at least 10 percentage points the probability of giving birth when still a teenager. The probability of having one's first child before age 20, when having at least completed primary education, is about 65 percent; therefore, for this means a reduction of about 15 percent in teenage fertility rates for this group. One additional year of school curbs the probability of becoming a mother each year by 7.3 percent for women who have completed at least primary education, and 5.6 percent for women with at least a secondary degree. These results (robust to a wide array of specifications) are of crucial interest to policy and decision makers who set up health and educational policies. This paper shows that investing in education can have positive spillovers on health. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 92
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4836
    Parallel Title: Barrera Osorio, Felipe The use and misuse of computers in education
    Keywords: Computer-assisted instruction ; Computer-assisted instruction
    Abstract: "This paper presents the evaluation of the program Computers for Education. The program aims to integrate computers, donated by the private sector, into the teaching of language in public schools. The authors conduct a two-year randomized evaluation of the program using a sample of 97 schools and 5,201 children. Overall, the program seems to have had little effect on students' test scores and other outcomes. These results are consistent across grade levels, subjects, and gender. The main reason for these results seems to be the failure to incorporate the computers into the educational process. Although the program increased the number of computers in the treatment schools and provided training to the teachers on how to use the computers in their classrooms, surveys of both teachers and students suggest that teachers did not incorporate the computers into their curriculum. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4840
    Parallel Title: Lederman, Daniel The business of product innovation
    Keywords: New products ; Technological innovations ; New products ; Technological innovations
    Abstract: "It is so widely recognized that innovation is a key driver of economic growth that it is cliche to say so. This article studies product innovation by firms with data from 68 countries, covering more than 25,000 firms in eight manufacturing sectors. The author assesses the predictions of inter-disciplinary research on innovation by firms. The econometric evidence suggests that globalization and local knowledge increase the likelihood that firms will introduce new products. By contrast, domestic regulatory impediments to competition are not robustly correlated with product innovation. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4841
    Parallel Title: Anós Casero, Paloma What drives firm productivity growth ?
    Keywords: Industrial productivity ; Industrial productivity
    Abstract: "This paper presents new evidence on the causal links between changes in the business environment and firm productivity growth. It contributes to the literature in three important aspects. First, it constructs a unique database merging information from two large firm-level databases. The samples of both databases are merged on four criteria-country, sub-national location, firm size, and year-producing a panel of 22,004 firms in eight economies of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union: Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia,, Poland, Romania, Serbia, and Ukraine. Second, the paper addresses shortcomings of earlier studies, namely reverse causation, multicollinearity, and unreliable productivity estimates. Firm productivity growth is estimated drawing on corporate financial data from manufacturing firms included in the AMADEUS database. Changes in the business environment are estimated from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys conducted in 2002 and 2005. Multicollinearity problems in the full model regression are mitigated by constructing a set of six aggregate indicators of the business environment (using principal component analysis). The paper finds that, over the period 2001 to 2004, an increase of one standard deviation in infrastructure quality, financial development, governance, labor market flexibility, labor quality, and market competition raises the total factor productivity of the average firm by 9.8, 7.8, 3.2, 3.4, 5.8, and 3 percent, respectively. Lastly, the paper decomposes firm productivity growth and ranks the relative impact of changes in these six aspects of the business environment by country, by firm size, and by industry. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4842
    Parallel Title: Torre, Augusto de la Regulatory reform
    Keywords: Subprime mortgage loans ; Subprime mortgage loans
    Abstract: "The Subprime crisis largely resulted from failures to internalize systemic risk evenly across financial intermediaries and recognize the implications of Knightian uncertainty and mood swings. A successful reform of prudential regulation will need to integrate more harmoniously the three paradigms of moral hazard, externalities, and uncertainty. This is a tall order because each paradigm leads to different and often inconsistent regulatory implications. Moreover, efforts to address the central problem under one paradigm can make the problems under the others worse. To avoid regulatory arbitrage and ensure that externalities are uniformly internalized, all prudentially regulated intermediaries should be subjected to the same capital adequacy requirements, and unregulated intermediaries should be financed only by regulated intermediaries. Reflecting the importance of uncertainty, the new regulatory architecture will also need to rely less on markets and more on "holistic" supervision, and incorporate countercyclical norms that can be adjusted in light of changing circumstances. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/17/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4845
    Parallel Title: Farchy, Emily The impact of EU accession on human capital formation
    Keywords: Brain drain ; Human capital ; Brain drain ; Human capital
    Abstract: "Can a brain drain be good for development? Many studies have established the theoretical possibility of such a brain gain. Yet it is only recently that the relaxation of data constraints has allowed for sound empirical assessments. In utilizing the dramatic policy change that accompanied European Union accession as a natural experiment, this paper is able to assuage fears of reverse causality between migration and human capital formation. The results highlight a significant impact of European Union accession on human capital formation indicating that the prospect of migration can indeed fuel skill formation even in the context of middle-income economies. And, if accompanied by policies to promote return migration, as well as a functioning credit market to enable private investment, international labor mobility could represent a powerful tool for growth. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4848
    Parallel Title: Portugal-Pérez, Alberto Assessing the impact of political economy factors on rules of origin under NAFTA
    Keywords: Certificates of origin ; Certificates of origin
    Abstract: "Rules of origin are legitimate policy instruments to prevent trade deflection in a preferential trade agreement short of a customs union. Trade deflection takes place when a product imported into the preferential trade agreement through the member with the lowest external tariff is transhipped to a higher-tariff member, while yielding a benefit for the re-exporter. Yet, when captured by special interest groups, rules of origin can restrict trade beyond what is needed to prevent trade deflection. By how much do political economy factors account for the stringency of rules of origin? This study quantifies the impact of both determinants - those considered "justifiable" because they prevent trade deflection and those deemed to arise from "political economy" forces - on the restrictiveness of rules of origin under the North American Free Trade Agreement, approximated by a restrictiveness index. The main finding is that political economy forces, especially from the United States, raised significantly the restrictiveness of the rules of origin. Indeed, in industries where political-economy forces were strong prior to the North American Free Trade Agreement, as when the U.S. Most Favored Nation tariff was high or the revealed comparative advantage of Mexico (the United States) was strong (weak), more stringent rules of origin were introduced. Thus, stricter rules of origin are associated with higher production costs reducing the potential benefits of enhanced market access that is initially pursued by this type of agreement. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4851
    Parallel Title: Ianchovichina, Elena Inclusive growth analytics
    Keywords: Economic development ; Economic development ; Zambia Economic conditions 1964- ; Zambia Economic conditions 1964-
    Abstract: "This paper argues that inclusive growth analytics has a distinct character focusing on both the pace and pattern of growth. Traditionally, applied country-specific poverty and growth analyses have been done separately. This paper describes the conceptual elements for an analytical strategy aimed to integrate these two strands of analyses, and to identify and prioritize country-specific constraints to sustained and inclusive growth. The authors apply the framework to the case of Zambia. The analysis suggests that income growth in Zambia is constrained by poor access to domestic and international markets, inputs, extension services, and information. High indirect costs - mostly attributable to infrastructure service-related inputs in production including energy, transport, telecom, water, but also insurance, marketing, and professional services - undermine Zambia's competitiveness, limit job creation, and therefore serve as a major constraint to inclusive growth. Improving the quality and access to secondary and tertiary education is essential if the poor are to benefit from future growth of the non-farm economy. Weak governance and, in particular, poor government effectiveness are factors behind the market coordination failures and the identified government failures, and are as such major obstacles to inclusive growth in Zambia. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 99
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4852
    Parallel Title: Toto Same, Achille Transforming natural resource wealth into sustained growth and poverty reduction
    Keywords: Natural resources Government policy ; Natural resources Government policy
    Abstract: "Oil and mineral revenues raise national savings and hence facilitate investment, capital accumulation, and sustained growth; thus, there are benefits of owning large natural resources. There can be a significant spillover effect from the oil sector to the non-oil sector particularly if governments are committed to bridge the infrastructure gap and promote the non-oil economy and foremost the non-oil tradable sector. Consequently, the capacity for coordinated policy formulation and execution is fundamental as well as sound windfall management mechanisms and institutions. This conceptual framework uses the case of Indonesia and the example of Norway to argue that the resource paradox is avoidable. Abundance should not be a curse, but rather a blessing for Sub-Saharan Africa's oil and mineral exporting countries. The country context and political economy matter a great deal but should not be the main driving forces behind windfall management, to avoid excessive rent-seeking activities, inefficiency, and wasteful spending. The EITI++ implementation can contribute to make a difference, mostly through capacity building, implementation assistance, and coordination support. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 100
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4858
    Parallel Title: Lanjouw, Peter Poverty decline, agricultural wages, and non-farm employment in rural India
    Keywords: Agricultural laborers ; Manpower policy, Rural ; Poverty ; Rural poor ; Agricultural laborers ; Manpower policy, Rural ; Poverty ; Rural poor
    Abstract: "The authors analyze five rounds of National Sample Survey data covering 1983, 1987/8, 1993/4, 1999/0, and 2004/5 to explore the relationship between rural diversification and poverty. Poverty in rural India declined at a modest rate during this period. The authors provide region-level estimates that illustrate considerable geographic heterogeneity in this progress. Poverty estimates correlate well with region-level data on changes in agricultural wage rates. Agricultural labor remains the preserve of the uneducated and also to a large extent of the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. Although agricultural labor grew as a share of total economic activity over the first four rounds, it had fallen back to the levels observed at the beginning of the survey period by 2004. This all-India trajectory masks widely varying trends across states. During this period, the rural non-farm sector grew modestly, mainly between the last two survey rounds. Regular non-farm employment remains largely associated with education levels and social status that are rare among the poor. However, casual labor and self-employment in the non-farm sector reveal greater involvement by disadvantaged groups in 2004 than in the preceding rounds. The implication for poverty is not immediately clear - the poor may be pushed into low-return casual non-farm activities due to lack of opportunities in the agricultural sector rather than being pulled by high returns offered by the non-farm sector. Econometric estimates reveal that expansion of the non-farm sector is associated with falling poverty via two routes: a direct impact on poverty that is likely due to a pro-poor marginal incidence of non-farm employment expansion; and an indirect impact attributable to the positive effect of non-farm employment growth on agricultural wages. The analysis also confirms the important contribution to rural poverty reduction from agricultural productivity, availability of land, and consumption levels in proximate urban areas. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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