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  • Online Resource  (1,524)
  • Journal/Serial  (46)
  • English  (1,570)
  • 2005-2009  (1,559)
  • 1930-1934  (11)
  • Economics  (1,387)
  • Indianer
Material
Language
Years
Year
Keywords
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Lincoln, Neb. : Univ. of Nebraska Press ; 1.1974 -
    ISSN: 1534-1828 , 0095-182X
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1974 -
    Additional Information: In Literature online
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. The American Indian quarterly
    DDC: 050
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Indianer ; Indianer ; Religion ; Indianer ; Literatur ; Indianer ; Anthropologie ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Indianer ; Geschichte ; Indianer ; Religion ; Indianer ; Literatur ; Indianer ; Anthropologie
    Note: Gesehen am 19.11.20
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Lincoln, Neb. : Univ. of Nebraska Press ; N.S. 4.1980 - 11.1987; 2.Ser. 1.1989 -
    ISSN: 1548-9590
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: N.S. 4.1980 - 11.1987; 2.Ser. 1.1989 -
    Additional Information: In Literature online
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Studies in American Indian literatures
    Former Title: Vorg.: Association for Study of American Indian Literatures Newsletter of the Association for Study of American Indian Literatures
    Former Title: Newsletter of the Association for Study of American Indian Literatures
    Former Title: ASAIL newsletter
    DDC: 820
    Keywords: Indianer ; Literatur ; USA ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Indianer ; Literatur ; USA ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation
    Note: Gesehen am 03.05.2018
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Minneapolis, MN : Univ. of Minnesota Press | Baltimore, Md. : John Hopkins Univ. Press ; Nr. 1.1985 -
    ISSN: 1533-7901 , 0749-6427
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: Nr. 1.1985 -
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Wicazo sa review
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Indianer ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Indianer ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation
    Note: Gesehen am 11.02.2012
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  • 4
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Los Angeles, Calif. : Center ; 1.1974 -
    ISSN: 0161-6463
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1974 -
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. American Indian culture and research journal
    Former Title: Vorg. University of California Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center Journal
    Keywords: Indianer ; Kultur ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Index 1/26.1974/2002 in: 26.2002,4
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0161-6463
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1974 -
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. American Indian culture and research journal
    Former Title: Vorg. University of California Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center Journal
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Indianer ; Kultur
    Note: Index 1/26.1974/2002 in: 26.2002,4
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  • 6
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    West Nyack, NY : Todd Publ. | New York, N.Y. : Klein | New York, NY : Todd Publ. ; [1.]1967 -
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: [1.]1967 -
    DDC: 390
    RVK:
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Bibliografie ; USA ; Indianer ; Amerika
    Note: Anfangs ohne Zählung
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  • 7
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Los Angeles, Calif. : Center ; 1.1974 -
    ISSN: 0161-6463
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1974 -
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. American Indian culture and research journal
    Former Title: Vorg.: University of California Los Angeles / American Indian Studies Center Journal / American Indian Culture and Research Center
    Keywords: Kultur ; Indianer ; Zeitschrift ; Indianer ; Kultur
    Note: Index 1/26.1974/2002 in: 26.2002,4
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  • 8
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    New York, NY : Greenwood Pr. ; 1.1990 -
    ISSN: 1046-7882
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1990 -
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe ; Bibliografie ; Nordamerika ; Indianer ; Bibliografie
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  • 9
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Paris : OECD ; Ed. 30.2006 -
    ISSN: 1995-3968 , ISSN 1999-124X , ISSN 1999-124X
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Ed. 30.2006 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als International migration outlook ...
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Internationaler Migrationsausblick
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Franz. Ausg. ---〉 Perspectives des migrations internationales
    Former Title: Vorg. Trends in international migration
    Former Title: annual report ...
    Former Title: SOPEMI
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationale Migration ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Emigration and immigration Statistics ; Periodicals ; Alien labor Statistics ; Periodicals ; Emigration and Immigration ; Demography ; Economics ; Annual Reports ; Internationale Migration ; Internationale Prozesse und Tendenzen Internationale Migration ; Einwanderung/Einwanderer ; Auswanderung/Auswanderer ; Wirkung/Auswirkung ; Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung ; Bisherige Entwicklung, gegenwärtige Lage ; Länderbericht ; OECD countries Statistics Emigration and immigration ; Periodicals ; Graue Literatur ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Bericht ; Internationale Migration ; Trend
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  • 10
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Paris : OECD ; Ed. 30.2006 -
    ISSN: 1995-3968 , 1999-124X , 1999-124X
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Ed. 30.2006 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als International migration outlook ...
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Internationaler Migrationsausblick
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Franz. Ausg. ---〉 Perspectives des migrations internationales
    Former Title: Vorg. Trends in international migration
    Former Title: annual report ...
    Former Title: SOPEMI
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationale Migration ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Emigration and immigration Statistics ; Periodicals ; Alien labor Statistics ; Periodicals ; Emigration and Immigration ; Demography ; Economics ; Annual Reports ; Internationale Migration ; Internationale Prozesse und Tendenzen Internationale Migration ; Einwanderung/Einwanderer ; Auswanderung/Auswanderer ; Wirkung/Auswirkung ; Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung ; Bisherige Entwicklung, gegenwärtige Lage ; Länderbericht ; OECD countries Statistics Emigration and immigration ; Periodicals ; Graue Literatur ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Bericht ; Internationale Migration ; Trend
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  • 11
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    New York, NY : Greenwood Pr. ; 1.1990 -
    ISSN: 1046-7882
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1990 -
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe ; Bibliografie ; Nordamerika ; Indianer ; Bibliografie
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  • 12
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    New York, NY : Greenwood Pr. ; 1.1990 -
    ISSN: 1046-7882
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1990 -
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe ; Bibliografie ; Nordamerika ; Indianer ; Bibliografie
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  • 13
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Los Angeles, Calif. : Center ; 1.1974 -
    ISSN: 0161-6463
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1974 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als American Indian culture and research journal
    Former Title: Vorg. University of California Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center Journal / American Indian Culture and Research Center
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Indianer ; Kultur
    Note: Index 1/26.1974/2002 in: 26.2002,4
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  • 14
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Los Angeles, Calif. : Center ; 1.1974 -
    ISSN: 0161-6463
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1974 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als American Indian culture and research journal
    Former Title: Vorg. University of California Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center Journal / American Indian Culture and Research Center
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Indianer ; Kultur
    Note: Index 1/26.1974/2002 in: 26.2002,4
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  • 15
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    West Nyack, NY : Todd Publ. | New York, N.Y. : Klein | New York, NY : Todd Publ. ; [1.]1967 -
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: [1.]1967 -
    DDC: 390
    RVK:
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Bibliografie ; USA ; Indianer ; Amerika
    Note: Anfangs ohne Zählung
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  • 16
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Edmonton, Alberta : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar] ; 4.1986/87 -
    ISSN: 0834-177X
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 4.1986/87 -
    Former Title: Vorg.: Aboriginal Multi-Media Society of Alberta AMMSA
    DDC: 070
    Keywords: Indianer ; Eskimo ; Kanada ; Zeitschrift ; Kanada ; Indianer ; Eskimo
    Note: 15.1998,12 fälschlich als Vol. 16, Nr. 1 bez. - Periodizität: 14-tägl.
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  • 17
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Los Angeles, Calif. : Center ; 1.1974 -
    ISSN: 0161-6463
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1974 -
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. American Indian culture and research journal
    Former Title: Vorg.: University of California Los Angeles / American Indian Studies Center Journal / American Indian Culture and Research Center
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Indianer ; Kultur ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Indianer ; Kultur ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Index 1/26.1974/2002 in: 26.2002,4
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  • 18
  • 19
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Tempe, Ariz. : Center for Indian Education ; 1.1961/62 -
    ISSN: 0021-8731 , ISSN 2379-3651
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1961/62 -
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Journal of American Indian education
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Erziehung ; Indianer ; USA ; Zeitschrift ; USA ; Erziehung ; Indianer ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Repr.: New York, NY : Johnson; Mikrofiche: Greenwich, Conn. : Johnson
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  • 20
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Los Angeles, Calif. : Center ; 1.1974 -
    ISSN: 0161-6463
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1974 -
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. American Indian culture and research journal
    Former Title: Vorg.: University of California Los Angeles / American Indian Studies Center Journal / American Indian Culture and Research Center
    Keywords: Kultur ; Indianer ; Zeitschrift ; Indianer ; Kultur
    Note: Index 1/26.1974/2002 in: 26.2002,4
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  • 21
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Edmonton, Alberta ; 4.1986/87 -
    ISSN: 0834-177X
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 4.1986/87 -
    Former Title: Vorg. Aboriginal Multi-Media Society of Alberta AMMSA
    DDC: 070
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Kanada ; Indianer ; Eskimo ; Kanada ; Indianer ; Eskimo
    Note: 15.1998,12 fälschlich als Vol. 16, Nr. 1 bez. - Periodizität: 14-tägl.
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  • 22
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Edmonton, Alberta ; 4.1986/87 -
    ISSN: 0834-177X
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 4.1986/87 -
    Former Title: Vorg. Aboriginal Multi-Media Society of Alberta AMMSA
    DDC: 070
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Kanada ; Indianer ; Eskimo ; Kanada ; Indianer ; Eskimo
    Note: 15.1998,12 fälschlich als Vol. 16, Nr. 1 bez. - Periodizität: 14-tägl.
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  • 23
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Lanham, Md. [u.a.] : Scarecrow Pr. | Metuchen, NJ [u.a.] : Scarecrow Pr. ; 1977; Suppl. [1.]1988; 2.1997 -
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1977; Suppl. [1.]1988; 2.1997 -
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Bibliografie ; Amerika ; Indianer ; Amerika ; Indianer
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  • 24
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Los Angeles, Calif. : Center ; 1.1974 -
    ISSN: 0161-6463
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1974 -
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. American Indian culture and research journal
    Former Title: Vorg.: University of California Los Angeles / American Indian Studies Center Journal / American Indian Culture and Research Center
    Keywords: Kultur ; Indianer ; Zeitschrift ; Indianer ; Kultur
    Note: Index 1/26.1974/2002 in: 26.2002,4
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  • 25
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Tempe, Ariz. : Center for Indian Education ; 1.1961/62 -
    ISSN: 0021-8731 , ISSN 2379-3651
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1961/62 -
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Journal of American Indian education
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Erziehung ; Indianer ; USA ; Zeitschrift ; USA ; Erziehung ; Indianer ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Repr.: New York, NY : Johnson; Mikrofiche: Greenwich, Conn. : Johnson
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  • 26
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Los Angeles, Calif. : Center ; 1.1974 -
    ISSN: 0161-6463
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1974 -
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. American Indian culture and research journal
    Former Title: Vorg.: University of California Los Angeles / American Indian Studies Center Journal / American Indian Culture and Research Center
    Keywords: Kultur ; Indianer ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Indianer ; Kultur ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Index 1/26.1974/2002 in: 26.2002,4
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  • 27
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Boulder, Colo. : AISES-Publ. ; 1.1986 -
    ISSN: 0888-8612
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1986 -
    Additional Information: Supplement College guide for American Indians
    DDC: 070
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Indianer ; Erziehung ; Kulturelle Identität ; Indianer ; Erziehung ; Kulturelle Identität
    Note: Einzelne Bände zugleich Bände von: College guide; einzelne Bände zugleich Bände von: Annual special college issue
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  • 28
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Tempe, Ariz. : Center for Indian Education ; 1.1961/62 -
    ISSN: 0021-8731 , 2379-3651 , 2379-3651
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1961/62 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Journal of American Indian education
    DDC: 370
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; USA ; Erziehung ; Indianer ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Repr.: New York, NY : Johnson; Mikrofiche: Greenwich, Conn. : Johnson
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  • 29
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Detroit, Mich. [u.a.] : Gale Research Inc. ; Nachgewiesen 1993 -
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Nachgewiesen 1993 -
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Indigene Völker ; Indianer ; Kanada ; USA ; USA ; Statistik ; Statistik ; Handbuch ; Zeitschrift ; Statistik
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  • 30
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Paris : OECD ; Ed. 30.2006 -
    ISSN: 1995-3968 , 1999-124X , 1999-124X
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Ed. 30.2006 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als International migration outlook ...
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Internationaler Migrationsausblick
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Franz. Ausg. ---〉 Perspectives des migrations internationales
    Former Title: Vorg. Trends in international migration
    Former Title: annual report ...
    Former Title: SOPEMI
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationale Migration ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Emigration and immigration Statistics ; Periodicals ; Alien labor Statistics ; Periodicals ; Emigration and Immigration ; Demography ; Economics ; Annual Reports ; Internationale Migration ; Internationale Prozesse und Tendenzen Internationale Migration ; Einwanderung/Einwanderer ; Auswanderung/Auswanderer ; Wirkung/Auswirkung ; Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung ; Bisherige Entwicklung, gegenwärtige Lage ; Länderbericht ; OECD countries Statistics Emigration and immigration ; Periodicals ; Graue Literatur ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Bericht ; Internationale Migration ; Trend
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  • 31
    ISSN: 0582-1592
    Language: French , Spanish , English
    Dates of Publication: Nr. 1.1950 - 70.2008(2010)
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Schweizerische Amerikanisten-Gesellschaft Bulletin
    Subsequent Title: Forts. Schweizerische Amerikanisten-Gesellschaft Boletín
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Indianer ; Zeitschrift ; Amerika ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Teils mit Jg.-Zählung , Index 21/30.1961/66 in: 30.1966
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  • 32
    ISSN: 0582-1592
    Language: French , Spanish , English
    Dates of Publication: Nr. 1.1950 - 70.2008(2010)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Schweizerische Amerikanisten-Gesellschaft Bulletin
    Subsequent Title: Forts. Schweizerische Amerikanisten-Gesellschaft Boletín
    DDC: 390
    RVK:
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Indianer ; Zeitschrift ; Amerika ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Teils mit Jg.-Zählung , Index 21/30.1961/66 in: 30.1966
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  • 33
    ISSN: 0582-1592
    Language: French , Spanish , English
    Dates of Publication: Nr. 1.1950 - 70.2008(2010)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Schweizerische Amerikanisten-Gesellschaft Bulletin
    Subsequent Title: Forts. Schweizerische Amerikanisten-Gesellschaft Boletín
    DDC: 390
    RVK:
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Indianer ; Zeitschrift ; Amerika ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Teils mit Jg.-Zählung , Index 21/30.1961/66 in: 30.1966
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  • 34
    ISSN: 0582-1592
    Language: French , Spanish , English
    Dates of Publication: Nr. 1.1950 - 70.2008(2010)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Schweizerische Amerikanisten-Gesellschaft Bulletin
    Subsequent Title: Forts. Schweizerische Amerikanisten-Gesellschaft Boletín
    DDC: 390
    RVK:
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Indianer ; Zeitschrift ; Amerika ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Teils mit Jg.-Zählung , Index 21/30.1961/66 in: 30.1966
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  • 35
    ISSN: 0582-1592
    Language: French , Spanish , English
    Dates of Publication: Nr. 1.1950 - 70.2008(2010)
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Schweizerische Amerikanisten-Gesellschaft Bulletin
    Subsequent Title: Forts. Schweizerische Amerikanisten-Gesellschaft Boletín
    RVK:
    Keywords: Indianer ; Zeitschrift ; Amerika ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Teils mit Jg.-Zählung , Index 21/30.1961/66 in: 30.1966
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  • 36
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Genève : Musée ; Nr. 1.1950 - 70.2008(2010)
    ISSN: 0582-1592
    Language: French , Spanish , English
    Dates of Publication: Nr. 1.1950 - 70.2008(2010)
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Schweizerische Amerikanisten-Gesellschaft Bulletin / Société Suisse des Américanistes
    Subsequent Title: Forts.: Schweizerische Amerikanisten-Gesellschaft Boletín / Société Suisse des Américanistes, SSA-SAG. Musée d'Ethnographie de Genève
    RVK:
    Keywords: Indianer ; Zeitschrift ; Amerika ; Zeitschrift ; Indianer ; Zeitschrift ; Amerika ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Teils mit Jg.-Zählung , Index 21/30.1961/66 in: 30.1966
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  • 37
    ISSN: 0582-1592
    Language: French , Spanish , English
    Dates of Publication: Nr. 1.1950 - 70.2008(2010)
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Schweizerische Amerikanisten-Gesellschaft Bulletin / Société Suisse des Américanistes
    Subsequent Title: Forts.: Schweizerische Amerikanisten-Gesellschaft Boletín / Société Suisse des Américanistes, SSA-SAG. Musée d'Ethnographie de Genève
    DDC: 390
    RVK:
    Keywords: Indianer ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Amerika ; Zeitschrift ; Indianer ; Zeitschrift ; Amerika ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Teils mit Jg.-Zählung , Index 21/30.1961/66 in: 30.1966
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  • 38
    ISSN: 0582-1592
    Language: French , Spanish , English
    Dates of Publication: Nr. 1.1950 - 70.2008(2010)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Schweizerische Amerikanisten-Gesellschaft Bulletin
    Subsequent Title: Forts. Schweizerische Amerikanisten-Gesellschaft Boletín
    DDC: 390
    RVK:
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Indianer ; Zeitschrift ; Amerika ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Teils mit Jg.-Zählung , Index 21/30.1961/66 in: 30.1966
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  • 39
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Genève : Musée ; Nr. 1.1950 - 70.2008(2010)
    ISSN: 0582-1592
    Language: French , Spanish , English
    Dates of Publication: Nr. 1.1950 - 70.2008(2010)
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Schweizerische Amerikanisten-Gesellschaft Bulletin / Société Suisse des Américanistes
    Subsequent Title: Forts.: Schweizerische Amerikanisten-Gesellschaft Boletín / Société Suisse des Américanistes, SSA-SAG. Musée d'Ethnographie de Genève
    RVK:
    Keywords: Indianer ; Zeitschrift ; Amerika ; Zeitschrift ; Indianer ; Zeitschrift ; Amerika ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Teils mit Jg.-Zählung , Index 21/30.1961/66 in: 30.1966
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  • 40
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Genève : Musée ; Nr. 1.1950 - 70.2008(2010)
    ISSN: 0582-1592
    Language: French , Spanish , English
    Dates of Publication: Nr. 1.1950 - 70.2008(2010)
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Schweizerische Amerikanisten-Gesellschaft Bulletin / Société Suisse des Américanistes
    Subsequent Title: Forts.: Schweizerische Amerikanisten-Gesellschaft Boletín / Société Suisse des Américanistes, SSA-SAG. Musée d'Ethnographie de Genève
    RVK:
    Keywords: Indianer ; Zeitschrift ; Amerika ; Zeitschrift ; Indianer ; Zeitschrift ; Amerika ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Teils mit Jg.-Zählung , Index 21/30.1961/66 in: 30.1966
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9780262255387 , 9781282694200 , 1282694200
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (337 pages)
    Series Statement: CESifo Seminar Ser.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 303.6
    Keywords: War Economic aspects ; Economics ; War ; Economic aspects ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Insights into war and domestic insecurity, terrorism, and the costs of war and peace from new research that takes the political economy perspective on conflict.
    Abstract: Intro -- Contents -- Series Foreword -- Contributors -- Introduction -- I Theories of Wars between Nations and Insecurity -- 1 Paths to Peace and Prosperity -- 2 The Political Economy of Warfare -- 3 Globalization and Insecurity: Reviewing Some Basic Issues -- 4 Investing in Regimes with Stationary or Roving Bandits -- II Terrorism -- 5 A Gravity Model of Globalization, Democracy,and Transnational Terrorism -- 6 The Factionalization of Terror Groups -- 7 Urban Structure in a Climate of Terror -- III The Costs of Warfare -- 8 War in Iraq versus Containment -- 9 Using Household Data to Study the Economic Consequences of Violent Conflict: The Case of Rwanda -- Index.
    Note: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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  • 42
    ISBN: 9781441906274
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Business and Economics Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Information and Organization Design Series 8
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als New approaches to organization design
    DDC: 302.35
    RVK:
    Keywords: Organisatorischer Wandel ; Lernende Organisation ; Economics ; Business planning ; Unternehmen ; Organisationsentwicklung ; Organisationsplanung
    Abstract: Organization design (OD) is a key feature of management theory and practice. It addresses the challenges of constructing and maintaining effective organizations. Essential to its application is the assumption that it can improve organizations and their performance. Faced with the ever-accelerating pace of technological change and the restructuring of markets, many firms have questioned their own organizational structures and processes. Consequently, we have witnessed much organizational experimentation and the development of new forms of organizing over the last decade. How does organization design inform such experimentation? And how can organization design help managers gain insights and advance the current understanding of how organizations can meet environmental challenges and constraints in the future? This book is the third volume to emerge from a series of workshops on organization design, featuring new empirical research and theoretical insights. The chapters are organized around three central themes: (1) Towards New Organizational Forms, (2) Dynamics of Adaption and Change, and (3) Fit and Performance. The chapters cover such timely issues as organizational networks, virtuality, learning, dynamic capabilities, and adaptation. Common to all contributions is a focus on the core theories of OD and emerging perspectives. Collectively, the chapters reflect the state of the art of OD and provide a further step toward the evolution of this important field of research.
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents; Contributors; Introduction: Use of Theory in Organization Design Research; The State of Organization Theories; Extending the Usefulness of Some Prominent Organization Theories; Uses of Theory by Contributors to This Volume; 1.3 Blade.Org: The Building of a Collaborative Community; Part I. Towards New Organizational Forms; Blade.Org: A Collaborative Community of Firms; Network-Level Task and the Design of Whole Networks: Is There a Relationship?; 1.3.2 Membership and Governance Structure; 1.3.3 Collaborative Innovation Processes; Part II. Dynamics of Adaptation and Change
    Description / Table of Contents: Organizational Trade-Offs and the Dynamics of Adaptation in Permeable Structures1.4 Organizational Analysis of Blade.Org; Unpacking Dynamic Capability: A Design Perspective; Predicting Organizational Reconfiguration; Embedding Virtuality into Organization Design Theory: Virtuality and Its Information Processing Consequences; Part III. Fit and Performance; Learning-Before-Doing and Learning-in-Action: Bridging the Gap Between Innovation Adoption, Implementation and Performance
    Description / Table of Contents: Underfits Versus Overfits in the Contingency Theory of Organizational Design: Asymmetric Effects of Misfits on Performance Concluding Observations; References; References; Part I Toward New Organizational Forms; 1 Blade.Org: A Collaborative Community of Firms; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Organizing for Collaborative Innovation; 1.2.1 Scope and Types of Communities of Individuals; 1.2.2 Key Characteristics of Communities of Individuals; 1.2.3 Mechanisms That Facilitate Innovation Within Communities of Individuals; 1.3.1 Origin and Purpose
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.5 Implications for Organization Design Theory and Practice1.6 Conclusion; 1.7 Appendix: Blade.Org Committees; 2 Network-Level Task and the Design of Whole Networks:Is There a Relationship?; 2.1 Networks as Production Systems; 2.2 Forms of Network Governance; 2.2.1 Shared Governance Form; 2.2.2 Lead Organization Form; 2.2.3 Network Administrative Organization Form; 2.3 Research Methodology; 2.4 Network-Level Tasks; 2.5 Network-Level Task and Network Design; 2.6 Discussion; 2.7 Contributions; References; Part II Dynamics of Adaptation and Change
    Description / Table of Contents: 3 Organizational Trade-Offs and the Dynamics of Adaptation in Permeable Structures3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Methods; 3.2.1 Setting; 3.2.2 Data Gathering; 3.2.3 Data Analysis; 3.3 Disintegrating Traditional Vertical Integration: Why Fashion Inc. Disintegrated; 3.4 Case Analysis; 3.4.1 Sensing and Seizing Opportunities in the Old and New Structure; 3.4.2 Specialization and Interdependencies Within a Disintegrated Structure; 3.4.3 Delegation and Incentives Within a Disintegrated Structure; 3.4.4 How the Disintegrated Structure Solved Major Challenges of Traditional Vertical Integration
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.4.5 Fashion Inc.'s New Organizational Design in Action: The Case of Rapid Response
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264073975
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (266 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation and growth
    RVK:
    Keywords: Innovation ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; OECD-Staaten ; BRICS-Staaten ; Forschung ; Entwicklung ; Innovation ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; OECD ; Entwicklungsländer ; Innovation ; Technischer Fortschritt
    Abstract: Innovation is crucial to long-term economic growth, even more so in the aftermath of the financial and economic crisis. In this volume, the OECD and the World Bank jointly take stock of how globalisation is posing new challenges for innovation and growth in both developed and developing countries, and how countries are coping with them. The authors discuss options for policy initiatives that can foster technological innovation in the pursuit of faster and sustainable growth. The various chapters highlight how the emergence of an integrated global market affects the impact of national innovation policy. What seemed like effective innovation strategies (e.g. policies designed to strengthen the R&D capacity of domestic firms) are no longer sufficient for effective catch-up. The more open and global nature of innovation makes innovation policies more difficult to design and implement at the national scale alone. These challenges are further complicated by new phenomena, such as global value chains and the fragmentation of production, the growing role of global corporations, and the ICT revolution. Where and why a global corporation chooses to anchor its production affects the playing field for OECD and developing economies alike. Selected as a 2009 Notable Document by the American Library Association Government Documents Round Table.
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264056886
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (323 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La bioéconomie à l'horizon 2030 ; Quel programme d'action ?
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The bioeconomy to 2030
    RVK:
    Keywords: Biotechnologie ; Gentechnisch erzeugtes Produkt ; Biotechnologie-Industrie ; Politik ; Industriepolitik ; Technologiepolitik ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Biowissenschaften ; Industriepolitik
    Abstract: The biological sciences are adding value to a host of products and services, producing what some have labelled the “bioeconomy” and offering the potential to make major socio-economic contributions in OECD countries. Using quantitative analyses of data on development pipelines and R&D expenditures from private and public databases, this book estimates biotechnological developments to 2015. Moving to a broader institutional view, it also looks at the roles of R&D funding, human resources, intellectual property, and regulation in the bioeconomy, as well as at possible developments that could influence emerging business models to create scenarios to 2030. These scenarios are included to stimulate reflection on the interplay between policy choices and technological advances in shaping the bioeconomy. Finally, the book explores policy options to support the social, environmental and economic benefits of a bioeconomy.
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9789264073111
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (498 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'économie politique de la réforme ; Retraites, emplois et déréglementation dans dix pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Tompson, William The political economy of reform
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Rentenreform ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Deregulierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; OECD ; Rentenreform ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Deregulierung
    Abstract: This report examines why some policy reforms get implemented and others languish by examining 20 structural reform efforts in 10 OECD countries over the past two decades. The case studies cover a wide variety of reform attempts in three key areas: pensions, labour- and product-market regulation. Key factors in the political, economic and reform-specific arenas are identified as helping or hindering reform, and these findings are cross-checked using a relatively simple set of Spearman rank correlations. The report’s two-pronged analytical approach – quantitative and qualitative – results in unique insights for policy makers designing, adopting and implementing structural policy reforms.
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264060265 , 9789264107137
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Insights
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le commerce international ; Libre, équitable et ouvert ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Internationaler Handel; Frei, fair und offen?
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Love, Patrick International trade
    DDC: 382.1
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationale Wirtschaft ; Welt ; Außenhandel ; Handelsvertrag ; Freihandel ; Fairer Handel ; Liberalisierung ; Economics ; Trade ; Erde ; Welthandel
    Abstract: International trade affects the price and availability of practically everything we buy. It also plays a role in many other domains, including jobs, the environment and the fight against poverty. OECD Insights: International Trade argues that prosperity has rarely, if ever, been achieved or sustained without trade. Trade alone, however, is not enough. Policies targeting employment, education, health and other issues are also needed to promote well-being and tackle the challenges of a globalised economy. "The OECD is a major source for insightful analyses of current trade issues. It also plays a role in disseminating skilfully the results of less accessible writings on trade. This short book is a valuable addition to the latter endeavour and should be on the shelf of policy makers." -Jagdish Bhagwati, Columbia University
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  • 47
    ISBN: 0857455478 , 9780857455475
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (vii, 214 pages) , illustrations, maps
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Indigenous peoples, civil society, and the neo-liberal state in Latin America
    RVK:
    Keywords: Indians Government relations ; Indians, Treatment of ; Indians Social conditions ; Civil society ; Neoliberalism ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Political Freedom & Security ; Civil Rights ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Political Freedom & Security ; Human Rights ; SOCIAL SCIENCE ; Anthropology ; Cultural ; Indios de América del Sur ; Relaciones con los gobiernos ; Movimientos indigenistas ; América latina ; Liberalismo ; América latina ; Civil society ; Indians ; Government relations ; Indians ; Social conditions ; Indians, Treatment of ; Neoliberalism ; Neoliberalismus ; Zivilgesellschaft ; Latin America ; Lateinamerika ; Indianer ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: In recent years the concept and study of "civil society" has received a lot of attention from political scientists, economists, and sociologists, but less so from anthropologists. A ground-breaking ethnographic approach to civil society as it is formed in indigenous communities in Latin America, this volume explores the multiple potentialities of civil society's growth and critically assesses the potential for sustained change. Much recent literature has focused on the remarkable gains made by civil society and the chapters in this volume reinforce this trend while also showing the complexi
    Abstract: Introduction: indigenous peoples, neo-liberal regimes, and varieties of civil society in Latin America / Edward F. Fischer -- Indigenous politics and the state: the Andean Highlands in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries / Michiel Baud -- La mano dura and the violence of civil society in Bolivia / Daniel M. Goldstein [and others] -- Empire/multitude, state/civil society : rethinking topographies of power through transnational connectivity in Ecuador and beyond / Suzana Sawyer -- The power of Educaor's indigenous communities in an era of cultural pluralism / Rudi Colloredo-Mansfeld -- Civil society and the indigenous movement in Colombia: the Consejo Regional Indígena del Cauca / Joanne Rappaport -- Indigenous nations in Guatemalan democracy and the state: a tentative assessment / Demetrio Cojtí Cuxil -- Reformulating the Guatemalan state: the role of Maya intellectuals and civil society discourse / Maria Elena Casaús Arzú -- El otro lado: local ends and development in Q'eqchi' Maya community / Avery Dickins -- The political uses of Maya medicine: civil organization in Chiapas and the ventriloquism effect / Pedro Pitarch.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9781402098215
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: 1
    DDC: 170
    Keywords: Economics ; Environmental management ; Ethics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General)
    Note: In: Springer-Online
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 49
    Language: English
    Pages: 29 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.675
    Keywords: Economics ; United States
    Abstract: The aim of this paper is to assess the ability of social spending to smooth output shocks and to provide stabilization. The results show that overall social spending is able to smooth about 16 percent of a shock to GDP. Among its subcategories, social spending devoted to Old Age and Unemployment are those that contribute more to provide smoothing. Moreover, the stabilization effects of social spending are significantly larger in those countries where the size of social spending is higher. The empirical results are economically and statistically significant and robust.
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  • 50
    ISBN: 9789264068476
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (233 p.) , ill.
    Edition: Second edition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mesure du capital - Manuel de l'OCDE 2009 ; Deuxième édition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Medición del capital - Manual OCDE 2009 ; Segunda edición
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mesure du capital - Manuel de l'OCDE 2009 : Deuxième édition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Medición del capital - Manual OCDE 2009 : Segunda edición
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Measuring capital
    RVK:
    Keywords: Kapitalstock ; Messung ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Kapitalbildung ; Kapitalvermögen ; Kapitalertrag ; Messung
    Abstract: Capital - in particular of the physical sort - plays several roles in economic life: it constitutes wealth and it it provides services in production processes. Capital is invested, disinvested and it depreciates and becomes obsolescent and there is a question how to measure all these dimensions of capital in industry and national accounts. This revised Capital Manual is a comprehensive guide to the approaches toward capital measurement. It gives statisticians, researchers and analysts practical advice while providing theoretical background and an overview of the relevant literature. The manual comes in three parts - a first part with a non-technical description with the main concepts and steps involved in measuring capital; a second part directed at implementation and a third part outlining theory and a more complete mathematical formulation of the measurement process.
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 28 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.717
    Keywords: Economics ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: The UK financial market has been severely affected by the recent financial crisis. The crisis has exposed weaknesses in the supervisory framework as well as that for crisis management and resolution. This paper reviews the supervisory and regulatory framework and the many reforms that have already been adopted to remedy these weaknesses. It also provides recommendations for further reforms. This Working Paper relates to the 2009 Economic Survey of the United Kingdom (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/uk).
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  • 52
    Language: English
    Pages: 40 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.739
    Keywords: Economics ; Japan
    Abstract: Japan’s health-care system has provided universal access to care and contributed to the outstanding health status of the Japanese. Public spending has been kept below the OECD average through high co-payment rates and reductions in medical fees. However, with continued upward pressure on expenditure, in part due to rapid population ageing, reforms are needed to limit spending increases through greater efficiency, while improving quality. It is essential to shift long-term care out of hospitals, reform the pricing mechanism away from pay-for-visit, increase the use of generic drugs, encourage healthy ageing and promote restructuring in the hospital sector. Quality should be improved by increasing the availability of effective new drugs and medical devices. In funding spending increases, it is important to limit the share borne by employees to avoid negative effects on the labour market. Japan may need to allow more mixed billing to enhance access to some advanced medical treatments.
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  • 53
    Language: English
    Pages: 34 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.730
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper examines the effect of economic crises on structural unemployment using an Autoregressive Distributed Lags model and accounting for the role of institutional settings. Analysing an unbalanced panel of 30 OECD economies from 1970 to 2008, we found that downturns have, on average, a significant positive impact on the level of structural unemployment rate. The maximum impact varies with the severity of the downturn. Institutions (such as Employment Protection Legislation, average replacement ratio and product market regulation) influence both the extent of the initial shock and the adjustment pattern in the aftermath of a downturn.
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 71 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.707
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper assesses recent patterns in intergenerational social mobility across OECD countries and examines the role that public policies can play in affecting such mobility. It shows that the relationship between parental or socio-economic background and offspring’s educational and wage outcomes is positive and significant in practically all countries for which evidence is available. Intergenerational social mobility is measured by several different indicators since no single indicator provides a complete picture. However, one pattern that emerges is of a group of countries, e.g. southern European countries and Luxembourg, which appears to rank as relatively immobile on most indicators, while another group, e.g. Nordics, is found to be more mobile. Furthermore, public policies such as education and early childcare play a role in explaining observed differences in intergenerational social mobility across countries. In addition, this study also finds a positive cross-country correlation between intergenerational social mobility and redistributive policies.
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.665
    Keywords: Economics ; United States
    Abstract: In spite of improvements, on various measures of health outcomes the United States appears to rank relatively poorly among OECD countries. Health expenditures, in contrast, are significantly higher than in any other OECD country. While there are factors beyond the health-care system itself that contribute to this gap in performance, there is also likely to be scope to improve the health of Americans while reducing, or at least not increasing spending. This paper focuses on two factors that contribute to this discrepancy between health outcomes and health expenditures in the United States: inequitable access to medical services and subsidized private insurance policies; and inefficiencies in public health insurance. It then suggests two sets of reforms likely to improve the US health-care system. The first is a package of reforms to achieve close to universal health insurance coverage. The second set of reforms relates to payment methods and coverage decisions within the Medicare programme to realign incentives and increase the extent of economic evaluation of different medical procedures.
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  • 56
    Language: English
    Pages: 39 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.691
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Climate change is expected to have significant implications for the world economy and, more broadly, for many areas of human activity. The purpose of this review is twofold. First, it is to summarise current estimates of the impacts of climate change and to explain how these estimates are built in order to identify the main sources of uncertainty and approximation affecting them. Second, the paper discusses how this uncertainty should influence policymaker?s decisions. A main conclusion of the review is that there are large uncertainties, which are not fully reflected in existing estimates of global impacts of climate change in monetary units. Nonetheless, despite these uncertainties, policy action may be justified, provided that policies are cost-effective, even if the marginal cost of GHG emissions mitigation exceeds the marginal damage of one additional ton of carbon. This is because two features of the impacts of climate change tilt the balance in favour of action: their irreversibility, and the risk that they are extreme.
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 64 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.714
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Economic growth is the basis of increased prosperity. This makes the attainment of growth a key objective for governments across the world. The rate of growth can be affected by policy choices through the effect that taxation has upon economic decisions and through productive public expenditures. This paper surveys research that has undertaken empirical analysis of aggregate data. The focus of the survey is the identification of the factors that determine the rate of growth.
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 40 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.666
    Keywords: Economics ; Spain
    Abstract: Impressive progress has been made in raising participation in early childhood education as well as tertiary educational attainment over the past 30 years. However, the inflow of poorly educated youth into the labour market is unusually heavy for a high-income country, largely on account of high drop-out rates in lower secondary education which, in turn, reflect one of the highest grade repetition rates in the OECD. The supply of workers with intermediate vocational skills is surprisingly low, despite the high return, in terms of labour market outcomes that these skills offer, even if they have recently deteriorated. There is room to raise learning outcomes up to the end of compulsory school, as measured by the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), although, owing to a compressed distribution of such outcomes, the share of poorly performing pupils is not unusually large. While significant reforms have been undertaken to address these problems, more measures are needed to reduce grade repetition and raise education outcomes, by improving accountability of schools and school staff, as well as by raising school autonomy further than has already occurred. Vocational training needs to become more attractive. In tertiary education, few Spanish universities have attained a high level of international standing, and scope remains to improve the contribution tertiary attainment can make to gains in economic welfare, notably by reforming funding arrangements.
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  • 59
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 27 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.721
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: There is a case, but there are also counter-arguments. With sufficient forward-looking behaviour among firms and households, price-level targeting can act as a powerful built-in stabiliser through automatic shifts in inflation expectations. This stabilisation mechanism reduces the need for large shifts in policy rates, alleviating the risk of hitting the zero lower bound of nominal interest rates and falling into a liquidity trap. Furthermore, credible price-level targeting can support capital accumulation by protecting the long-run purchasing power of money and reducing the inflation risk premium embedded in actual long-term real interest rates. However, price-level targeting can imply welfare-reducing policy-induced output volatility in situations where the degree of forward-looking behaviour is very low. The self-regulating capacity of price-level targeting can be undermined if central banks are not fully credible. Besides, aggressive inflation targeting can replicate some of (but not all) the benefits of price-level targeting. On balance, the case for adopting price-level targeting is not clear-cut, all the more so since transition costs are likely to be significant.
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  • 60
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.688
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper finds that coherent regulatory policies can boost investment in network industries of OECD economies. Rate-of-return regulation is generally thought to result in overinvestment, while incentive regulation is believed to entail underinvestment. Yet, previous empirical work has generally found that the introduction of incentive regulation has not systematically changed investment in network industries. According to the theoretical literature, regulatory uncertainty exposes both types of regimes to the danger of underinvestment. However, regulatory uncertainty is arguably higher under rate-of-return regulation because investment decisions (what can be included in the rate base) are usually evaluated in a discretionary manner, while firms operating under incentive regulation are less affected by this behaviour. In addition, incentive regulation encourages investment in cost-reducing technologies. Using Bayesian model averaging techniques, this paper shows that incentive regulation implemented jointly with an independent sector regulator (indicating lower regulatory uncertainty) has a strong positive impact on investment in network industries. In addition, lower barriers to entry are also found to encourage sectoral investment. These results support the importance of implementing policies in a coherent framework.
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  • 61
    Language: English
    Pages: 27 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.728
    Keywords: Economics ; Estonia
    Abstract: Estonia gave up the exchange rate and monetary policy tools of macroeconomic management when it introduced its currency board in 1992. While the currency board arrangement served the country well during transition in the 1990s, it offers limited flexibility to implement policies that would ease the EU convergence as well as mitigate the global financial and economic crisis. The ongoing financial crisis has made euro adoption more attractive than ever and put it on the top of the country’s policy agenda. However, shocks affecting Estonia are only weakly synchronized with those of the euro area, and the structure of its economy also notably differs from the euro zone. To benefit fully from joining the EMU, Estonia must strengthen other adjustment mechanisms to shocks, including flexibility of the labour market, further improving its environment to do business and a framework, which allows for anti-cyclical fiscal policies.
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  • 62
    Language: English
    Pages: 31 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.683
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper examines the characteristics of downturns and subsequent recoveries following past banking crises in OECD countries as well as evidence of any effects on potential output growth. It is differentiated from previous analyses because it makes use of OECD measures of the output gap and potential output. Downturns following banking crises are found to be more protracted with larger output losses and disproportionate falls in housing and business investment. The recovery is typically more muted with exports providing a disproportionately large positive contribution. Evidence regarding possible effects on potential growth of a banking crisis is mixed. The banking crisis in Japan was followed by a deterioration in potential growth partly due to a worsening in productivity performance which may be related to the protracted nature of the banking problems and the resulting misallocation of capital. Following the Nordic banking crises, which were resolved more quickly, there was no deterioration in productivity performance, although there was a temporary deterioration in potential growth which is mostly explained by an increase in the structural unemployment rate, which in turn may reflect the interaction of an exceptionally severe downturn with structural labour market rigidities.
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 49 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.726
    Keywords: Economics ; Iceland
    Abstract: Monetary and fiscal policies face huge challenges: the banking sector has collapsed; the economy is in the midst of a deep recession; the exchange rate has plunged; capital flows have been frozen; inflation is elevated; public debt has risen; source of revenues have disappeared; social needs have increased; and the unemployment insurance fund has been nearly depleted. Against this difficult background, this paper discusses what policy makers should do in order to restore balance in the Icelandic economy and lay out the foundations for a sustainable recovery. The key recommendations are to seek entry in the euro area and implement the fiscal consolidation measures necessary to comply with the IMF programme.
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  • 64
    Language: English
    Pages: 43 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.732
    Keywords: Economics ; Mexico
    Abstract: Despite progress over the past two decades Mexico?s health and education indicators remain well below the average of the OECD and some of its Latin American emerging market peers. Health insurance coverage is incomplete, especially for low-income families, and access to health services is highly uneven. There are several separate vertically integrated insurance networks, which increases administrative costs and results in an inefficient use of facilities. In education, lower secondary schools enroll only two thirds of the relevant age group and the quality of education is low, as indicated by poor PISA scores. This reflects poor teaching quality, a consequence of non-transparent teacher selection processes until recently, and limited school autonomy in budgeting, instruction and personnel decisions. Accountability to the government and parents is also low as there is no national exit exam after secondary education and the existing evaluation schemes are fragmented. Recent health and education reforms have started to address these issues, but more needs to be done to increase the efficiency of spending by increasing the coverage of health insurance, reducing the fragmentation of the health system, increasing enrolment in lower secondary education, and improving the quality of teaching.
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 38 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.741
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Comment réformer le système fiscal belge afin de renforcer l'expansion économique
    Keywords: Economics ; Belgium
    Abstract: Individual elements in Belgian tax system affect the growth process through different channels and to a varying degree. Consumption taxes are among the least distortive for growth, and there is considerable scope to increase the reliance on this tax source in Belgium. The Belgian differential taxation of saving vehicles distorts investment decisions, hampering the reallocation of capital towards its most productive use. However, the most distortive Belgian taxes are on labour through their effects on workers’ labour market decisions. Recognising the latter, the authorities have aimed at reducing taxation on labour. However, its level remains internationally high, reflecting numerous exemptions, which reduce tax bases and thus require higher tax rates than otherwise. To promote labour market prospects for individual groups on the labour market, wage subsidies and social security contribution reductions have been used extensively, leading to a complex system, often poorly targeted and at times subject to conflicting objectives. The end result is that the interaction between the personal income tax, the social security contributions, and the generous benefit systems has created a multitude of labour market traps which hold back employment. New tax reforms are constrained by the large and growing fiscal sustainability problem, implying that, unless substantial expenditure cuts are implemented, new tax reforms must be self-financed. This can be achieved by shifting the reliance of the tax system towards the least distortive sources and by broadening tax bases to allow lower tax rates. This Working Paper relates to the 2009 OECD Economic Survey of Belgium (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/belgium).
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  • 66
    Language: English
    Pages: 27 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.710
    Keywords: Economics ; Indonesia
    Abstract: The Indonesian labour market is characterised by widespread informality. To some extent, these outcomes can be attributed to a sharp increase in the real value of the minimum wage since 2001, when minimum-wage setting was decentralised to the provincial governments. To test this hypothesis, this paper uses survey data on the labour market (Sakernas), household income and expenditure (Susenas) and the industrial sector (Survei Industri) to construct a district-level dataset spanning the period 1996 to 2004. The effects of changes in the minimum wage on unemployment, formal-sector employment and the incidence of informality in urban areas are estimated separately by fixed effects and jointly by a seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) estimator. Our findings show that an increase in the minimum-to-mean wage ratio is associated with a net increase in employment: a rise in informal-sector employment more than compensates for job losses in the formal sector. This Working Paper relates to the 2008 OECD Economic Assessment of Indonesia (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/indonesia).
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  • 67
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 61 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.685
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Investment in network infrastructure can boost long-term economic growth in OECD countries. Moreover, infrastructure investment can have a positive effect on growth that goes beyond the effect of the capital stock because of economies of scale, the existence of network externalities and competition enhancing effects. This paper, which is part of a project examining the links between infrastructure and growth and the role of public policies, reports the results on the links with growth from a variety of econometric approaches. Time-series results reveal a positive impact of infrastructure investment on growth. They also show that this effect varies across countries and sectors and over time. In some cases, these results reveal evidence of possible over-investment, which may be related to inefficient use of infrastructure. Bayesian model averaging of cross-section growth regressions confirm that infrastructure investment in telecommunications and the electricity sectors has a robust positive effect on long-term growth (but not in railways and road networks). Furthermore, this effect is highly nonlinear as the impact is stronger if the physical stock is lower.
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  • 68
    Language: English
    Pages: 42 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.672
    Keywords: Economics ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: A well-functioning labour market is essential to sustain rapid economic growth in the face of population ageing. Priorities are to reverse the rising share of non-regular workers, which has negative implications for both growth and equity, and encourage greater employment of women and youth, who are under-represented in the labour force. Attracting more women to employment requires increasing the availability of childcare, strengthening maternity leave and creating more family-friendly workplaces. Youth employment rates should be boosted by upgrading tertiary education through stronger competition and closer links to enterprises to reduce mismatches. Educational reform should be extended to elementary and secondary schools to enhance efficiency and decrease the burden of private tutoring. The age of retirement of employees should be raised by eliminating mandatory retirement and phasing out the retirement allowance. Active labour market policies should focus on policies to expand human capital rather than wage subsidies.
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  • 69
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.670
    Keywords: Economics ; European Union
    Abstract: Financial innovation and integration have spurred financial development and enhanced consumer choice. Financial integration has also been associated with the emergence of large, complex, cross-border financial institutions (LCFIs). This has changed risk profiles and made cross-border contagion more likely. An important challenge for the EU is to manage systemic risks and cross-border contagion to ensure financial stability in an integrated financial market. The financial market turmoil has also highlighted some gaps in the regulatory and supervisory framework. Although the European authorities should be commended for the progress they have made in updating and improving frameworks and responding to the financial turmoil, more can be done. In particular, further steps are needed to remove the mismatch between integrating European financial markets on the one hand, and largely national supervision on the other. Attention should also be given to the question of which measures are adequate to dampen the procyclicality of the financial system. New regulations should not impose unnecessary costs on consumers, businesses and financial institutions, nor create obstacles to further market integration.
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  • 70
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 25 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.667
    Keywords: Economics ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Measures to make the regulation of product markets more conducive to competition play a prominent role in the governments “growth package” of measures to stimulate economic growth which are in the process of being implemented. This paper discusses these measures and suggests further improvements. Notwithstanding significant reforms in recent years, competition law and its enforcement are still weaker than in other OECD countries. Scope for making regulation of product markets more competition-friendly is large in the network industries. While sector-specific regulators have been introduced, their independence needs to be strengthened. The reform of the electricity supply law provides the main building block opening the industry to competition, but vertical separation requirements of the electricity grid from electricity generation and trading activities need to be strengthened. In telecommunications, restrictions in access of competitors to the local loop limit the scope for lowering prices and improving quality of service in broadband connections. Measures still need to be taken to prevent discrimination against market entrants in the railway passenger services market and much scope exists to widen competition in postal services. Progress in lowering the degree of protection in the proposed legislation on agricultural policy 2007-11 is modest. Trade barriers can also be lowered for manufactured goods through the adoption of the Cassis de Dijon principle.
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  • 71
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 61 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.724
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: In contrast to the once prevailing norm of secrecy and opaqueness, transparency has now become one of the main features characterising the conduct of monetary policy. Detailed analysis of eleven OECD central banks shows that communication practices have converged markedly in the direction of ever greater transparency. Empirical evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that transparency contributes to the successful conduct of monetary policy: higher transparency is a typical element of monetary frameworks that are associated with better anchored inflation expectations and more stable inflation outcomes. Despite this general trend toward increased transparency, however, central banks differ in actual communication practices. There is a particular divergence with respect to transparency in the decision-making process and communication regarding future policy inclination. Although the appropriate degree of transparency in these areas is an unsettled issue, the fact that financial dislocation is impairing conventional monetary transmission makes these two areas critical for policy implementation.
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  • 72
    ISBN: 9789264076341
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (139 p.)
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This joint publication of the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, the Statistical Office of the European Communities (Eurostat) and the World Bank complements the recommendations of the System of National Accounts, 1993 (1993 SNA), and reflects changes and improvements that have been introduced to the system of national accounts since its last revision in 1993. Along with the 1993 SNA, Updates and Amendments supports the implementation of international standards of national accounting and provides the methodological basis for improving the international comparability of national accounts data. The publication contains the text of the 1993 SNA that has been updated as a result of the adoption of new international standards for the statistical measurement of financial derivatives. It also includes four functional classifications that were fully elaborated and updated after the 1993 SNA was published. It also provides for the first time a glossary of terms and definitions. Languages: [Arabic]; [Chinese]; [English]; [Russian]; [Spanish]
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  • 73
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.660
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le secteur financier peut-il rester le principal moteur de la croissance au Luxembourg?
    Keywords: Economics ; Luxembourg
    Abstract: The financial sector has emerged as the main economic engine over the past two decades. The comparative advantages of placing financial activities in Luxembourg have mostly been in terms of an adaptive legislative and regulatory framework and low taxation. As a result, Luxembourg is today one of the main international centres for investment funds. Besides the sector’s direct and indirect employment effects, the most important effect is the large tax revenue generating capacity of the sector, accounting directly for over 20% of aggregate tax revenues. On the other hand, these tax revenues are volatile as the sector is highly sensitive to developments in international financial markets. Indeed, past downturns in international financial markets have tended to lead to a sharp slowdown of growth in the economy as well as in revenues, pointing to potential large risks associated with the current turmoil in international financial markets. Besides these short-term considerations, a lower trend growth rate of the sector is likely over the medium term. The main activities of the sector are in middle and back offices dealing with financial administration which, with new IT technologies, will tend to be increasingly outsourced. At the same time, the sector is having problems in attracting highly specialised talent to enter higher value front office activities. Over the longer term, international competition will continue to exert pressures that may eventually erode Luxembourg’s position. The extent of the decline in the sector’s trend growth depends on the ability to maintain and expand the attractiveness of investing and working in Luxembourg. Achieving this will depend on being able to adjust tax, infrastructure, and housing policies to attract foreign talent while updating and increasing the transparency of financial sector regulation.
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  • 74
    Language: English
    Pages: 30 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.663
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper develops and applies a simple “conditional growth” framework to make long-term GDP projections for the world economy, taking as a starting point recent empirical evidence about the importance of total factor productivity and human capital in explaining current cross-country disparities in GDP per capita levels. Other distinct features of the projection framework include human capital projections by cohorts and implicit allowance for the impact of ageing and potential labour market and pension reforms on future growth in employment levels. In the baseline projection, world GDP would grow in PPP terms by about 3 ¾ % per year on average over the period 2005-2050. When expressed in constant market exchange rates, taking into account future Balassa-Samuelson effects, this projection falls roughly in the middle of the range of long-run scenarios recently developed in the context of greenhouse gas emission projections. The sensitivity of the projection to total factor productivity and population growth assumptions is significant, however, and compounds with deeper sources of uncertainty such as model and parameter uncertainty.
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  • 75
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 50 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.661
    Keywords: Economics ; Norway
    Abstract: Traditionally, the Norwegian compulsory education system has focused strongly on the linked goals of equal opportunities to learn, comprehensive and inclusive education. While some of these objectives have been met successfully, a number of educational outcomes, notably measures of pupil performance at the end of compulsory schooling, are unsatisfactory. Given the significant resources devoted to education, Norway’s modest performance on certain measures suggests that resources are used inefficiently. There are many possible routes to improve efficiency. This paper focuses on teaching quality, school autonomy, accountability and the level and composition of spending. Consistent policy actions should be taken in these areas, taking into account the multi–level structure of governance of the Norwegian education system.
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  • 76
    ISBN: 9789264044616
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (554 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Productivity measurement and analysis
    Keywords: Produktivität ; Arbeitsproduktivität ; Messung ; Economics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift ; Produktivität ; Produktivitätsmessung ; Produktivitätszuwachs
    Abstract: Productivity measurement and analysis are the main topics addressed in this book, which brings together contributions presented and discussed in two international workshops organized by the Statistics Directorate and the Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry (DSTI) of the OECD. The first workshop was organised jointly by the OECD with Fundaccion BBVA and the Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas and held in Madrid in October 2005, and the second one was organized jointly by the OECD and the Swiss Federal Statistical Office and the State Secretary for Economic Affairs of Switzerland and held in Bern in October 2006. The two workshops brought together representatives of statistical offices, central banks and other branches of government in OECD countries that are engaged in the analysis and the measurement of productivity developments at aggregate and industry levels.
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  • 77
    Online Resource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.716
    Keywords: Economics ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: The government’s health reform programme since 2000 has covered many aspects of the organisation of health care and was accompanied by a sizeable increase in spending on healthcare. Many of these reforms have the potential to improve the efficiency and responsiveness of the health care system and ultimately health outcomes, although it is too early to make definitive judgements on their effectiveness. This chapter provides an overview of the organisation and financing of the National Health Service, reviews its performance, assesses the reforms since the start of the decade and provides recommendations for further development. This Working Paper relates to the 2009 Economic Survey of the United Kingdom (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/uk).
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  • 78
    Online Resource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 29 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.682
    Keywords: Economics ; Slovak Republic
    Abstract: House prices have risen strongly in past years, helped by rising incomes and declining interest rates. At the same time, construction of new dwellings has remained fairly muted and has only recently shown signs of picking up. A characteristic feature of the Slovak housing market, and a consequence of the privatization programme initiated in the early 1990s, is the virtual absence of a private rental market. As euro membership will most likely go along with easier financial conditions and also entails limited availability of national policy tools, current housing policies will have to be adjusted. The challenges are to avoid overheating of the housing market in the medium term, in part by making supply more reactive to demand, and to phase out the hurdles that are currently impeding the private rental market, which would facilitate labour mobility. This Working Paper relates to the 2009 OECD Economic Survey of the Slovak Republic.
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  • 79
    Online Resource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 52 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.669
    Keywords: Economics ; United States
    Abstract: The global financial crisis that emerged in mid 2007 has caused considerable economic disruptions in the United States and elsewhere, and exposed major flaws in the global financial system. After examining the origins of the crisis, this paper recommends specific policy responses to resolve the immediate problems and discusses how to make the US financial system more resilient and stable in the future.
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  • 80
    Online Resource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 39 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.673
    Keywords: Economics ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: Labour productivity growth in the service sector has been low relative to manufacturing. This is explained in part by weak competition in services resulting from strict product market regulation and the low level of import penetration and inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI). Increasing productivity growth in the service sector, which accounts for 67% of employment and 58% of value added in Korea, is essential to sustain high potential growth. The priority is to strengthen competition by eliminating domestic entry barriers, accelerating regulatory reform, upgrading competition policy and reducing barriers to trade and inflows of FDI. Another challenge is to enhance the performance and accelerate the restructuring of small and medium-sized enterprises, which account for over 90% of service-sector employment. Furthermore, it is essential to boost productivity in service industries with high growth potential, such as telecommunications and financial and business.
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  • 81
    Language: English
    Pages: 29 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.692
    Keywords: Economics ; South Africa
    Abstract: This paper studies drivers of high-frequency (daily) dynamics of the South African rand vis-à-vis the dollar from January 2001 to July 2007. We find strong nonlinear effects of commodity prices, perceived country and emerging market risk premium and changes in the dollar-euro exchange rate on changes in daily returns of the rand-dollar exchange rate. We also identify a one-sided nonlinear mean reversion to the long-term monetary equilibrium. In addition we establish very short-lived effects on the exchange rate of selected macroeconomic surprises and central bank communication aimed at talking up the rand.
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  • 82
    Language: English
    Pages: 36 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.687
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The aim of this paper is to analyze the relation between the volatility of government consumption and country size. Using a sample of 160 countries from 1960 to 2000 the main findings of our empirical analysis suggest that: 1) smaller countries have more volatile non-discretionary and discretionary government consumption, and also a more volatile government size; 2) the relation between government spending volatility and the size of a country is more negative for more volatile economies; 3) the relation between government consumption volatility and country size is more negative for functions of government spending that are characterized by a high level on non-rivality. The results are robust to different time and country samples, different econometric techniques and to several sets of control variables.
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  • 83
    Language: English
    Pages: 57 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.709
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper breaks new ground by providing comparable estimates of intergenerational wage and education persistence across 14 European OECD countries based on a new micro data from Eurostat. A further novelty is that it examines the potential role of public policies and labour and product market institutions in explaining observed differences in intergenerational wage mobility across countries. The empirical estimates show that intergenerational wage persistence is relatively high in southern European countries, as well as in the United Kingdom. Likewise, intergenerational persistence in education is relatively high both in southern European countries and in Luxembourg and Ireland. By contrast, both persistence in wages and education tends to be lower in Nordic countries. In addition, empirical results show that education is one important driver of intergenerational wage persistence across European countries. There is a positive crosscountry correlation between intergenerational wage mobility and redistributive policies, as well as a positive correlation between wage-setting institutions that compress the wage distribution and mobility.
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.698
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper formalises the analysis of the employment-productivity trade-off by extending the framework developed by Gordon (1997) to account for labour heterogeneity. The extent of the trade-off is determined by the extent of the adjustment of capital to effective labour and by the changes in aggregate labour quality. The main experiment reported in the paper consists of assessing the labour utilisation and productivity impacts in OECD countries of aligning group-specific employment rates to the US levels. Matching the US employment performance defined in that sense would enable low-employment OECD countries to reduce only half of the aggregate employment-rate gap vis-à-vis the United States, the other half being mechanically due to differences in the population structure by age and educational attainment. In this experiment, a 1% gain in employment is associated with a decrease of 0.24% in labour productivity on average across countries, and of 0.35% in low-employment countries.
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  • 85
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 65 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.727
    Keywords: Economics ; Italy
    Abstract: Compulsory school education in Italy produces poor results in terms of 15-year olds’ performance on PISA tests, compared with other OECD countries, despite a relatively high level of expenditure. While the influence of social background is smaller than in many OECD countries, it is largely transmitted through a kind of self-segregation resulting from family choices among the different types of upper secondary school. Large differences in pupils’ performance between regions cannot be explained by the quantity of resources available; separating the influence of socio-economic conditions from school efficiency is difficult and must be treated carefully in plans for extending fiscal federalism. The Italian government is rightly concerned to get better value for money and this chapter argues that policies to improve the information available to schools and teachers on the results they are achieving, while giving them appropriate incentives, responsibility and power to respond to such information, are necessary accompaniments to expenditure-saving policies. An improved focus on good quality training, both for new recruits and experienced teachers, and recruitment procedures themselves, should also pay dividends on efficiency.
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  • 86
    Language: English
    Pages: 25 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.718
    Keywords: Economics ; Euro Area
    Abstract: This paper analyses recent large movements in the yield spread for sovereign bonds as between Germany and other euro area countries. While the general increase in risk aversion that has characterised the financial crisis is an important factor on its own, it is found that this has also magnified the importance of fiscal performance, in particular as measured by the ratio of debt service to tax receipts and expected fiscal deficits. Moreover, there is evidence to suggest that such effects are non-linear, so that incremental deteriorations in fiscal performance lead to ever larger increases in the spread. These findings imply that financial market reaction could become an increasingly important constraint on fiscal policy for some countries, a feature which was much less apparent in the years prior to the financial crisis when general risk aversion was abnormally low.
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  • 87
    Language: English
    Pages: 42 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.689
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper uses a variety of empirical methods to examine the apparent differences in monetary policy stances as between the United States and other G7 economies, notably those in the euro area, during the period of sharp increases in oil and other commodity prices in the first half of 2008. In particular it asks the question whether observed differences in policy stances could be attributed to differences in economic structures and the vulnerability of different regions to inflationary shocks coming from import prices as opposed to differences in monetary policy objectives. The main conclusion is that although there are a number of differences in the estimated impact and dynamics of commodities, import prices and exchange rates on domestic inflation, which may have contributed to differences in policy stances during the boom in commodity prices, they cannot explain them all.
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  • 88
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 76 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.715
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Economic growth is the basis of increased prosperity. This makes the attainment of growth a key objective for governments across the world. The rate of growth can be affected by policy choices through the effect that taxation has upon economic decisions and through productive public expenditures. This paper surveys the empirical analysis of disaggregate data on growth. The aim is to identify how economic policy can affect the choices that have been identified as influences upon the rate of growth.
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  • 89
    Language: English
    Pages: 23 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.705
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This pilot study presents indicators that assess sub-central government (SCG) spending power by policy area. Traditional indicators – such as the share of SCG in total government spending – are often misleading as they underestimate the impact of central government regulation on sub-central spending patterns. In order to gauge true spending power, a set of institutional indicators is established, based on a detailed assessment of institutional, regulatory and administrative control central government exerts over various SCG policy areas. Results tend to confirm the limited discretion of SCGs over their own budget. Education in particular – the main SCG budget item in most countries – is strongly shaped by central government regulation. Federal countries tend to grant more spending power to SCGs than unitary countries. With a few amendments, the framework of this study could be applied to all OECD countries, although it is advisable to restrict the analysis to the main sub-central spending areas.
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  • 90
    Online Resource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 59 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.713
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Economic growth is the basis of increased prosperity. This makes the attainment of growth a key objective for governments across the world. The rate of growth can be affected by policy choices through the effect that taxation has upon economic decisions and through productive public expenditures. This paper provides a self-contained introduction to the economic modelling of growth and reviews the theoretical evidence on the extent of the link between taxation and growth.
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  • 91
    Online Resource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.662
    Keywords: Economics ; South Africa
    Abstract: Unemployment in South Africa is extremely high and unevenly distributed, being concentrated among young less-skilled blacks. The legacies of apartheid can explain part of the increase in labour supply and inability of the economy to absorb it which produced the extreme levels of unemployment, but more could have been done to unwind those legacies and other policies and institutions have contributed to the dysfunction of the labour market. Notably, improvements in product market regulation to strengthen competition could help expand formal sector employment. Changes in municipal laws and regulations to ease migration and facilitate informal employment are also likely to be particularly important. Improving the implementation of employment protection legislation could also help reduce unemployment. Efforts to tackle crime could help reduce the brain drain and attract skilled immigrants, which would likely boost demand for less-skilled workers via complementarities. Over the longer term, improvements in basic education will be key to reducing the excess supply of less-skilled workers.
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  • 92
    Language: English
    Pages: 29 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.694
    Keywords: Economics ; European Union
    Abstract: High expectations surrounded the two waves of eastward EU enlargement in 2004 and 2007, with the extension of the EU Internal Market being expected to deliver a substantial boost to economic growth in new and old member States alike. Indeed, considerable progress has been made, with existing evidence pointing to increased trade and FDI flows, enhanced east-west migration and a more stable macroeconomic environment. However, completion of the internal market is progressing at an uneven pace, and comparatively less progress can be seen in services industries, which provide over two-thirds of jobs and value added in the economy. Empirical estimates suggest that competition and trade-enhancing reforms in services industries could generate substantial productivity improvements across EU member economies. Over a period of 10 years, the predicted increase in labour productivity resulting from a bold reform package is around 10% for the average EU country, and new member States stand to gain even more. In addition to service-sector reform, priorities towards a more integrated EU internal market should include removing remaining barriers to labour mobility, improving transport infrastructure, mutual recognition of qualifications, and enhanced market integration of network industries. Finally, a more explicit use of benchmarking may help to enhance the momentum of future internal market reforms.
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  • 93
    Language: English
    Pages: 43 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.722
    Keywords: Economics ; Greece
    Abstract: Greek health outcomes compare favourably with the OECD average. However, the health care system is seen as not working well by the population. One source of dissatisfaction is the high proportion of private household spending on health, including informal payments, while public health spending relative to GDP is one of the lowest in the OECD. This situation leads to inequities in access to certain medical services. Also, there is a weakening of efficiency of the system, which should be addressed sooner than later in view of a rising demand for medical services, which is going to intensify in the coming decades, and the need to keep government health care spending in check. This calls for reforms in four areas: (i) reviewing the excessively fragmented structure of the health care system and its governance; (ii) enhancing the quality of public primary health care services; (iii) modernising hospital administration; and (iv) further tightening control over pharmaceutical expenditure.
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264067974
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (281 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Fifty years after it was launched, the Marshall Plan remains a major event of post World War II history. But what did it actually do for European reconstruction? To commemorate the opening of its historical archives to the public and their deposit at the European University Institute (EUI), the OECD invited a group of EUI historians to analyse the role played by the Marshall Plan and the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC) in the economic recovery of Europe. This book examines the major moments punctuating OEEC history from the original offer of Marshall Aid in 1947 to the decision to create the OECD in 1960. It offers a history of the European economic reconstruction and contributes to discussions on models of co-operation favouring economic development, trade liberalisation and world economic integration.
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  • 95
    ISBN: 9789264056251
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (467 p.)
    Edition: Second Edition
    Series Statement: PISA
    Keywords: Education ; Economics
    Abstract: The OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) surveys collected data on students’ performance in reading, mathematics and science, as well as contextual information on students’ background, home characteristics and school factors which could influence performance. This publication includes detailed information on how to analyse the PISA data, enabling researchers to both reproduce the initial results and to undertake further analyses. In addition to the inclusion of the necessary techniques, the manual also includes a detailed account of the PISA 2006 database. It also includes worked examples providing full syntax in SAS®.
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  • 96
    Language: English
    Pages: 54 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.664
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper uses the WITCH model, a computable general equilibrium model with endogenous technological change, to explore the impact of various climate policies on energy technology choices and the costs of stabilising greenhouse gas concentrations. Current and future expected carbon prices appear to have powerful effects on R&D spending and clean technology diffusion. Their impact on stabilisation costs depends on the nature of R&D: R&D targeted at incremental energy efficiency improvements has only limited effects, but R&D focused on the emergence of major new low-carbon technologies could lower costs drastically if successful – especially in the non-electricity sector, where such low-carbon options are scarce today. With emissions coming from multiple sources, keeping a wide range of options available matters more for stabilisation costs than improving specific technologies. Due to international knowledge spillovers, stabilisation costs could be further reduced through a complementary, global R&D policy. However, a strong price signal is always required.
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 48 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.742
    Keywords: Economics ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: This paper uses the OECD’s indicators of product market regulation (PMR) to assess the extent to which the regulatory environment in Russia supports competition and to draw attention to the areas where further reform efforts would pay dividends. The indicators show that, despite improvements in some areas, many aspects of Russia’s regulatory framework are still restrictive, which provides considerable scope for reaping gains from bringing regulation into line with international best practice. In particular, the scores suggest that Russia’s economic performance would greatly benefit from a reduction in the role of the state enterprise sector in markets that are inherently competitive and reinvigorated efforts to liberalise foreign trade and direct investment regimes. In some network sectors, recent regulatory changes have significantly improved the scope for competition. However, ongoing work needs to focus on separating competitive and monopoly market segments and eliminating barriers to entry. In addition, the authorities need to develop the capacity and strengthen the hands of the sectoral regulators. Introducing an overarching competition policy would also help bring the issue of competition to centre stage and spread a competition ethos through different levels of government.
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.743
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fédéralisme budgétaire en Belgique : Défis principaux et réformes envisageables
    Keywords: Economics ; Belgium
    Abstract: The paper discusses the current state of fiscal relations across levels of government in Belgium and how it has developed over time. As the current system of fiscal federalism is creating imbalances between the federal and the sub-federal governments (vertical imbalance), and between sub-federal governments (horizontal imbalance) the paper also suggests directions for improvements. Without reform, the vertical imbalance will widen as the fiscal burden from the ageing of the population falls mainly on the federal level. Reform should therefore strengthen the fiscal capacity of the federal government by improving its revenue sources and by shifting some spending obligations to sub-federal governments. The imbalance between regions arises because of the lack of coherence between taxation and spending. Shared revenues from the personal income tax are allocated to the region of residence, while the region of the workplace does not benefit, which particularly affects Brussels’ revenue level. This imbalance could be eliminated by allocating more of the shared personal income tax to the region of the workplace. Furthermore, the system of equalisation grants should be re-designed to provide incentives to the recipient regions to develop their own revenue base. The performance of the fiscal system could further be improved by raising the efficiency of spending in areas of national interest, which have been assigned to sub-federal governments or where there are overlapping responsibilities, such as in employment, R&D, training, education, energy and environmental policies.
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  • 99
    Language: English
    Pages: 30 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.737
    Keywords: Economics ; Erdölpreis ; Geschichte 2009
    Abstract: Crude oil prices have trended up since the end of the 1990s, peaking at a historic high in mid-2008 that was followed by a steep price correction with a subsequent rebound. This paper considers major forces behind the evolution of the oil price, using a simple model of supply and demand elasticities as a benchmark, highlights implications for inflation and economic activity and draws some conclusions for macroeconomic policy. The analysis suggests that the run-up in crude oil prices since 2003 was due to both vigorous oil demand growth by emerging markets and, from the middle of the decade onward, a weaker than expected oil supply response to rising prices. Prices are unlikely to fall back to levels seen in the first years of the decade either over the short or medium term.
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 30 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.680
    Keywords: Economics ; Slovak Republic
    Abstract: As in other catch-up countries inflation is likely to stay high going forward due to nominal convergence. To better cope with the risk of a too rapid pick up of wages during the convergence process on the one hand and to raise the adjustment potential of the economy to macroeconomic shocks on the other, labour and product market flexibility is essential. Three main areas for improvement are discussed in this chapter. First, wage flexibility should be safeguarded by avoiding significant increases in minimum wages and by abolishing legal extension of collective wage settlements. Second, competition needs to be strengthened, especially in the liberal professions where entry and conduct regulation should be eased. In addition, the points of single contact that already exist for small enterprises should be extended to entrepreneurs of the liberal professions. Third, a wider use of information and communication technology (ICT) could lead to important productivity gains. Removing obstacles to the spread of e-business and a swift implementation of e-government are imperative. This Working Paper relates to the 2009 OECD Economic Survey of the Slovak Republic.
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