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Year
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
Subjects(RVK)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD investment policy reviews (2002-)
    Paris
    Show associated volumes/articles
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Series Statement: Emerging economies transition
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Examen des politiques d'investissement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. OECD investment policy reviews
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Annex A : Programa de Mediano Plazo (PMP, the Medium-Term Programme) (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 139-140 | volume:9 | year:2009 | number:1 | pages:139-140
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.) , 19 x 27cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 139-140
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:9
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2009
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:139-140
    Keywords: Governance ; Mexico
    Abstract: The PMP is the tool created to comply with the obligation established by the 2007 reform (the Integral Fiscal Reform, IFR) to achieve 20% savings by the end of the current administration, at a rate of 5% per year. It is a programme for reducing administrative expenses and energy costs.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v9-art13-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Budget Approval : The Role of Congress (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 69-80 | volume:9 | year:2009 | number:1 | pages:69-80
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (12 p.) , 19 x 27cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 69-80
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:9
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2009
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:69-80
    Keywords: Governance ; Mexico
    Abstract: This chapter reviews the role of the Mexican legislature in the budget process. Over the past decade, the Mexican Chamber of Deputies has become a much more active participant in the budget process. This development reflects the changes in the political system and the nature of the legislative-executive relationship. On a number of occasions, the budget process has become the focal point of conflict between the two branches. Recent reforms to the legislative budget process have provided tools to strengthen legislative oversight and have helped to some extent to clarify the respective roles of the legislature and the executive. Combined with a growing cross-party willingness to co-operate on the budget and greater emphasis on fiscal responsibility, the legislative budget process has been greatly improved.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v9-art10-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    References (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 151-156 | volume:9 | year:2009 | number:1 | pages:151-156
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.) , 19 x 27cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 151-156
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:9
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2009
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:151-156
    Keywords: Governance ; Mexico
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v9-art18-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Annex C : Public Investment Evaluation System (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 145-146 | volume:9 | year:2009 | number:1 | pages:145-146
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.) , 19 x 27cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 145-146
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:9
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2009
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:145-146
    Keywords: Governance ; Mexico
    Abstract: The 2006 Budget and Fiscal Responsibility Law required the establishment of rules to ensure that investment projects are properly evaluated. The Ministry of Finance (SHCP), through its Investment Unit, manages the public investment system which is an important element for achieving better results from investment projects undertaken by the public sector. Every year the Investment Unit publishes guidelines for the preparation and presentation of the cost-benefit analysis of programmes and investment projects (Lineamientos para la elaboración y presentación de los análisis costo y beneficio de los programas y proyectos de inversión).
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v9-art15-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Annex D : Impact Evaluation of the Social Development Programme on Cement Floors (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 147-148 | volume:9 | year:2009 | number:1 | pages:147-148
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.) , 19 x 27cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 147-148
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:9
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2009
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:147-148
    Keywords: Governance ; Mexico
    Abstract: Between 2000 and 2005, the Mexican State of Coahuila implemented the social programme called Piso Firme. Its main objective was to replace mud floors with cement ones to improve the quality of life of vulnerable households living in marginal areas. Because the programme was so successful with 34 000 beneficiaries in Coahuila, it was extended to the national level to cover more than 300 000 households. Its success even generated the implementation of a national strategic goal: the eradication of dirt floors by the end of 2012.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v9-art16-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Annex E : Requirements on Sub-National Governments as a Result of the Recent Fiscal Reforms (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 149-149 | volume:9 | year:2009 | number:1 | pages:149-149
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 p.) , 19 x 27cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 149-149
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:9
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2009
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:149-149
    Keywords: Governance ; Mexico
    Abstract: Strengthening local auditing: The technical capability and independence of state legislature audit organs is to be strengthened (head audit officers are to be appointed by a majority of two-thirds of legislators and for seven-year terms). State audit organs are also bound by principles of impartiality and legality (Mexican Constitution, Articles 116 and 122).
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v9-art17-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Improving Accountability for Results : Performance Budgeting and Management Reforms (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 97-137 | volume:9 | year:2009 | number:1 | pages:97-137
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (41 p.) , 19 x 27cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 97-137
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:9
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2009
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:97-137
    Keywords: Governance ; Mexico
    Abstract: Mexico, like most OECD countries, is under pressure to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of public spending. An important step in this process is to obtain objective information on the performance of programmes and agencies. Performance information allows governments to measure progress towards achieving their goals and to know what programmes and policies are working and those that are not. The majority of OECD countries are seeking to improve the development and use of performance information through performance management and budgeting reforms. These reforms aim to shift the emphasis of budgeting and management away from a focus on controlling inputs and following rules and regulations towards a focus on results.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v9-art12-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Budget Formulation (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 45-68 | volume:9 | year:2009 | number:1 | pages:45-68
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 19 x 27cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 45-68
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:9
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2009
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:45-68
    Keywords: Governance ; Mexico
    Abstract: Over the past decade, the evolution of budgeting in Mexico has been driven by two main trends. First, in order to avoid crises like those of the 1980s and 1990s, the government has been working on developing an institutional framework for stable and sustainable fiscal management. Second, the country has completed the process of transition from a political system where one party dominated to a competitive multi-party system.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v9-art9-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Annex B : Oil Revenue Management (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 141-144 | volume:9 | year:2009 | number:1 | pages:141-144
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 19 x 27cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 141-144
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:9
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2009
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:141-144
    Keywords: Governance ; Mexico
    Abstract: Oil prices have been rising significantly since 2002, reaching a high of USD 145 per barrel in July 2008.1 The huge flows of revenues present an excellent opportunity for large oil exporters, providing access to fresh capital inflows that could be allocated to savings, investment, or external debt cancellation. However, oil price volatility and inefficient management of oil revenues can also generate non-desired effects. Some of the symptoms of the so-called “Dutch disease” include overheating the economy, reducing incentives to improve the tax system, and increasing pressure for exchange rate appreciation or exchange rate volatility.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v9-art14-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fiscal Performance and Challenges (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 23-43 | volume:9 | year:2009 | number:1 | pages:23-43
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (21 p.) , 19 x 27cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 23-43
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:9
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2009
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:23-43
    Keywords: Governance ; Mexico
    Abstract: Over the past decade, Mexico has made significant improvements in its fiscal performance by implementing important reforms to establish macroeconomic and financial stability, to open the economy to trade and investment, and to change the political environment. The prudent fiscal policies pursued by the Mexican government have resulted in strong fiscal performance. Albeit aided by higher oil prices, these policies have successfully lowered public sector debt and reduced the budget deficit to 3% of GDP or below for the past five years (2003-08).1 Economic growth has improved over the past decade, although the economy is not expanding rapidly enough to make living standards equivalent to richer OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v9-art8-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acronyms and Terms (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 9-11 | volume:9 | year:2009 | number:1 | pages:9-11
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.) , 19 x 27cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 9-11
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:9
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2009
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:9-11
    Keywords: Governance ; Mexico
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v9-art6-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Budget Execution and Financial Management (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 81-95 | volume:9 | year:2009 | number:1 | pages:81-95
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (14 p.) , 19 x 27cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 81-95
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:9
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2009
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:81-95
    Keywords: Governance ; Mexico
    Abstract: This chapter reviews the implementation and management of the Mexican budget. Financial management is in the midst of an ambitious agenda of reform with the overall goal of improving the quality of public service. The central concepts behind the reforms are to delegate management responsibility to programme managers and to focus greater attention on improving results. This chapter is divided into seven sections: the execution of the budget; cash management; public accounting; internal control and audit; human resource management; procurement; and the conclusion and recommendations.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v9-art11-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Executive Summary and Recommendations (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 13-22 | volume:9 | year:2009 | number:1 | pages:13-22
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (10 p.) , 19 x 27cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 13-22
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:9
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2009
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:13-22
    Keywords: Governance ; Mexico
    Abstract: Over the past decade, Mexico has undergone significant economic and political reform. This period has witnessed important improvements in the health of public finances. The government’s narrow measure of the budget deficit has been below 1% of GDP for the past five years (2003-08). Furthermore, the public sector borrowing requirement – the broader definition of budget deficit1 – has been below 3% of GDP for the same period. Although these improved fiscal balances have been aided by higher revenues as a result of significant increases in oil prices, Mexico’s recent public finances have clearly reflected an era of fiscal responsibility. This improved fiscal situation should place Mexico in a better position to withstand the current global economic crisis.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v9-art7-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Rural Policy Reviews: Spain 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Edition: 2009
    Series Statement: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Spain
    Keywords: Spanien ; Ländliche Entwicklung ; Entwicklungsplanung ; Spanien ; Ländliche Entwicklung ; Regionalpolitik
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060074-en
    URL: Volltext
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    Online Resource
    KOBV
  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Rural Policy Reviews: Spain 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Edition: 2009
    Series Statement: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Spain
    Keywords: Spanien ; Ländliche Entwicklung ; Entwicklungsplanung ; Spanien ; Ländliche Entwicklung ; Regionalpolitik
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060074-en
    URL: Volltext
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    Online Resource
    BSZ
    GBV
  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    National Accounts of OECD Countries 2008, Volume IIIa, Financial Accounts: Flows (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English , French
    Edition: 2008
    Keywords: Finanzwirtschaft
    URL: Volltext
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    National Accounts of OECD Countries 2008, Volume IIIa, Financial Accounts: Flows (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076006
    Language: English , French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2008
    DOI: 10.1787/na_vol_3a-2008-en-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264075344
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009
    DOI: 10.1787/tpg-2009-en
    URL: Volltext
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Agricultural Policies in Emerging Economies 2009 : Monitoring and Evaluation (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059283
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009
    RVK:
    ZB 61000
    DOI: 10.1787/agr_emerging-2009-en
    URL: Volltext
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SET: National Accounts of OECD Countries Volume IIIa, Volume IIIb (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English , French
    Keywords: Mitgliedsstaaten ; Finanzwirtschaft
    URL: Volltext
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Agricultural Policies in Emerging Economies 2009 : Monitoring and Evaluation (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Edition: 2009
    RVK:
    ZB 61000
    Keywords: Agriculture and state ; Produce trade Government policy ; Schwellenländer ; Landwirtschaftsentwicklung ; Agrarpolitik
    URL: Volltext
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SET: National Accounts of OECD Countries Volume IIIa, Volume IIIb (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073982
    Language: English , French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073982-en-fr
    URL: Volltext
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Regulatory Impact Analysis : A Tool for Policy Coherence (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264067110
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (182 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'analyse d'impact de la réglementation ; Un outil au service de la cohérence des politiques
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Bounds, Gregory Regulatory impact analysis
    RVK:
    QR 300
    Keywords: Governance ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Regulierung ; Wirkungsanalyse
    Abstract: Regulatory impact analysis (RIA) is a systemic approach to critically assessing the positive and negative effects of proposed and existing regulations and non-regulatory alternatives. This publication brings together recent OECD research and analysis concerning methodological issues and country experiences with RIA. The collected papers cover a number of challenges to the effectiveness of RIA including: systemic factors which influence the quality of RIA; methodological frameworks that can assist RIA to improve regulation; guidance on using RIA to avoid unnecessary regulation of competitive markets; and a review of the use of RIA in the regulation of corporate governance across a number of OECD countries. Taken together, this publication provides valuable, practical guidance on how to improve the performance of RIA systems to promote economic welfare through better quality regulation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264067110-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sectoral Approaches in Electricity : Building Bridges to a Safe Climate (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264068735
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (150 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: Electricity accounts for more than 40 % of global energy-related CO2 emissions. This issue is most pressing for developing countries where growth in power demand is particularly high, fueling the risk of irreversible investment in CO2-intensive capacity, the so-called “carbon lock-in”. Sectoral Approaches in Electricity – Building Bridges to a Safe Climate shows how the international climate policy framework could effectively support a transition towards low-CO2 electricity systems in developing countries. Sectoral approaches are intended to address sectors that require urgent actions, without waiting for countries to take nation-wide commitments. Earlier IEA publications have extensively reviewed developed countries’ efforts to steer generation away from carbon-intensive production modes, from dedicated support to low-carbon technologies to, increasingly, the reliance on CO2 pricing via emissions trading. Following the same logic, there are proposals seeking to use the international carbon market to drive changes at sectoral level in developing countries. This publication illustrates the pros and cons of such an approach in a few key emerging economies. It also asks how international climate policy could support and enhance ongoing efforts on end-use energy efficiency - an essential piece of the climate change/electricity puzzle.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264068735-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 26
    Online Resource
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    International Trade : Free, Fair and Open? (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060265 , 9789264107137
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Insights
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le commerce international ; Libre, équitable et ouvert ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Internationaler Handel; Frei, fair und offen?
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Love, Patrick International trade
    DDC: 382.1
    RVK:
    QM 200
    Keywords: Internationale Wirtschaft ; Welt ; Außenhandel ; Handelsvertrag ; Freihandel ; Fairer Handel ; Liberalisierung ; Economics ; Trade ; Erde ; Welthandel
    Abstract: International trade affects the price and availability of practically everything we buy. It also plays a role in many other domains, including jobs, the environment and the fight against poverty. OECD Insights: International Trade argues that prosperity has rarely, if ever, been achieved or sustained without trade. Trade alone, however, is not enough. Policies targeting employment, education, health and other issues are also needed to promote well-being and tackle the challenges of a globalised economy. "The OECD is a major source for insightful analyses of current trade issues. It also plays a role in disseminating skilfully the results of less accessible writings on trade. This short book is a valuable addition to the latter endeavour and should be on the shelf of policy makers." -Jagdish Bhagwati, Columbia University
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060265-en
    URL: Volltext
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Rural Policy Reviews, Italy 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056237
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (228 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Italy
    Keywords: Ländliche Entwicklung ; Entwicklungsplanung ; Italien ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Italy ; Italien ; Ländliche Entwicklung
    Abstract: OECD's comprehensive review of rural policy in Italy. On average, rural regions in Italy have some of the highest GDP per capita among the OECD countries, yet unexploited potential remains. This analysis of rural Italy reveals heterogeneous economic conditions, an increasing elderly population and a diminished focus on environmental concerns. This suggests the need for a broader rural policy approach that reflects the changing demands upon rural resources and that considers other aspects of rurality including health, education and quality of life.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264056237-en
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  • 28
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    Private Sector Participation in Water Infrastructure : OECD Checklist for Public Action (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059221
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Infrastructures en eau et secteur privé ; Guide de l'OCDE pour l'action publique
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Private sector participation in water infrastructure
    RVK:
    QR 600
    Keywords: Wasserwirtschaft ; Privatwirtschaft ; Welt ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Development ; Wasserwirtschaft ; Public Private Partnership ; Wasserwirtschaft ; Public Private Partnership ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Many countries have sought the involvement of the private sector to upgrade and develop their water and sanitation infrastructure and improve the efficiency of water systems. This book provides a coherent catalogue of policy directions, including appropriate allocation of roles, risks and responsibilities, framework conditions and contractual arrangements necessary to make the best of private sector participation and to harness more effectively the capacities of all stakeholders.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264059221-en
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  • 29
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    Stability and Buffering Capacity of the Geosphere for Long-term Isolation of Radioactive Waste : Application to Crystalline Rock (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060579
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (302 p.)
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Geological settings selected as potential host formations for the deep geological disposal of radioactive waste are chosen for, among other assets, their long-term stability and buffering capacity against destabilising events and processes. These proceedings present the outcomes of a geosphere stability workshop, held in November 2007, that focused on crystalline and other types of hard, fractured rocks. The workshop underscored the fact that many such rocks are intrinsically stable environments that evolve extremely slowly and provide good buffering against external events and processes. The proceedings show a good understanding of the processes and events that can affect crystalline rocks and, although there is less confidence in predicting exactly when and where such events will occur and the volume of rock that will be affected, the extent of the impacts on a geological repository can be confidently addressed using bounding approaches supported by geological information from similar sites around the world.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060579-en
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  • 30
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    Achieving Better Value for Money in Health Care (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264074231
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Obtenir un meilleur rapport qualité-prix dans les soins de santé
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Achieving better value for money in health care
    RVK:
    QX 705
    Keywords: Gesundheitskosten ; Gesundheitsreform ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Gesundheitspolitik
    Abstract: Rising public health care spending remains a problem in virtually all OECD and EU member countries. As a consequence, there is growing interest in policies that will ease this pressure through improved health system performance. This report examines selected policies that may help countries better achieve the goal of improved health system efficiency and thus better value for money. Drawing on multinational data sets and case studies, it examines a range policy instruments. These include: the role of competition in health markets; the scope for improving care coordination; better pharmaceutical pricing policies; greater quality control supported by stronger information and communication technology in health care; and increased cost sharing.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264074231-en
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  • 31
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    Chile Energy Policy Review 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073159
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Energy ; Chile
    Abstract: Drawing on the experience of IEA member countries, this IEA review assesses Chile’s major energy challenges and provides recommendations. Six main themes emerge: the successful liberalisation of the power sector in the 1980s; the essential role played by the state in ensuring energy security; the re-formulation of Chile’s long-term energy policy; the proposed reorganisation of the institutional framework; greater independence for the system operators; and the need for a clear framework of regulation so that long-term investment decisions integrate social and environmental costs.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073159-en
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  • 32
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    Rethinking e-Government Services : User-Centred Approaches (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059412
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD e-Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rethinking e-government services
    RVK:
    MF 7080
    Keywords: E-Government ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; OECD ; E-Government
    Abstract: Expecting substantial savings and improved public services – a trend further accentuated by the financial and economic crisis beginning in 2008 – OECD countries have invested in the development of e-government services over the past 10-15 years. However, despite the initial exceptional take-up, governments later saw low adoption and low use of e-government services which are still far from satisfactory today. This report gives a broad description of the shift in governments' focus on e-government development – from a government-centric to a user-centric approach. It gives a comprehensive overview of challenges to user take-up of e-government services in OECD countries and of the different types of approaches to improving it. The monitoring and evaluation of user take-up are also discussed, including the existence of formal measurement frameworks. Good practices are presented to illustrate the different concrete approaches used by OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264059412-en
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  • 33
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    Students with Disabilities, Learning Difficulties and Disadvantages in the Baltic States, South Eastern Europe and Malta : Educational Policies and Indicators (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076860
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (190 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Education ; Baltic States ; Malta
    Abstract: This book provides an internationally comparable set of indicators on the educational provision for students with disabilities, learning difficulties and disadvantages (SENDDD). It covers the number of students concerned, their learning environment (special schools, special classes and regular classes) and level of education (pre-primary, compulsory and upper secondary education). It also discusses policy implications vis-à-vis special education needs and offers an analysis of the participation and performance of students with special education needs in the 2006 round of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076860-en
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  • 34
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    Ensuring Environmental Compliance : Trends and Good Practices (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059597
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (208 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Faire respecter les normes environnementales ; Tendances et bonnes pratiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ensuring Environmental Compliance; Trends and Good Practices (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ensuring environmental compliance
    DDC: 363.7/0526
    RVK:
    QT 200
    Keywords: OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Umweltpolitik ; Internationale Kooperation ; Information ; Kommunikation ; Implementation ; Effektivität ; Environment ; Governance ; Umweltpolitik
    Abstract: Despite progress in recent years, there is growing evidence that OECD countries are not on track to reach some of their key environmental goals. This report examines the strategies and instruments that governments use to ensure compliance with pollution prevention and control regulations, particularly in the industrial sector. It compares the compliance assurance systems of six OECD countries – Finland, France, Japan, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the United States – as well as those of China and Russia. The report provides policy makers, environmental regulators, and other stakeholders with a comprehensive analysis of the design, management aspects, and the main elements of government compliance and enforcement programmes. Focusing on compliance promotion, compliance monitoring, and non-compliance response, it identifies and compares good practices, sets them in context of different countries’ regulatory cultures and highlights the key international trends.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264059597-en
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  • 35
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    How Regions Grow : Trends and Analysis (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264039469
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Régions et croissance ; Une analyse des tendances
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als How regions grow
    RVK:
    QY 000
    Keywords: Regionales Wachstum ; OECD-Staaten ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; OECD ; Regionale Wirtschaftsentwicklung
    Abstract: Regional differences within OECD countries are often greater than those between countries and much inequality remains. This report explores what generates growth at the regional level. Based on in-depth econometric modelling and analyses, this report reframes the debate on regional policy and development, emphasising that opportunities for growth exist in all regions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264039469-en
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  • 36
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    OECD Reviews of Risk Management Policies: Japan 2009 : Large-Scale Floods and Earthquakes (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264050303
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (275 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Risk Management Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Japan
    Keywords: Katastrophe ; Überschwemmung ; Erdbeben ; Japan ; Environment ; Governance ; Japan ; Japan ; Risikomanagement ; Naturkatastrophe
    Abstract: Damages to economic assets resulting from natural disasters have soared in the past fifteen years, and climate change models forecast intensified exposure to extreme weather in many OECD countries. This OECD review of risk management policies focuses on Japan, because the geography, topography and climate of its national territory subject it to serious natural hazards, especially seismic activity and typhoons. The report looks at Japan’s policies in the areas of monitoring, preparing for and responding to floods and earthquakes, seeking out and identifying good practices and areas where improvements could be made. The case studies consider several issues of particular interest to policy makers, such as how to take climate change into account for long term policy planning related to large scale floods, and Japan’s unique earthquake insurance scheme for damages whose probability and impact are hard to accurately assess.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264050303-en
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  • 37
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    Managing Aid : Practices of DAC Member Countries (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264062689
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Better Aid
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La gestion de l'aide ; Pratiques des pays membres du CAD
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Thioléron, Elisabeth Managing aid
    RVK:
    QM 353
    Keywords: Development ; OECD ; OECD Development Assistance Committee ; Entwicklungshilfe
    Abstract: Development co-operation donors are held accountable for the way they manage aid and the development results they achieve. They want to see more partner country ownership, greater use of partner country systems, and work better together. This involves decentralising responsibility, concentrating efforts, managing for results, creating new systems, changing staff profiles, and building capacity in donor and partner countries. This book outlines what individual donors are doing to fulfil their development co-operation ambitions and their part of the international agreements – reached in Paris in 2005 (Paris Declaration) and Accra in 2008 (Accra Agenda for Action) – to make aid more effective.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264062689-en
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  • 38
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    Improving Incentives in Donor Agencies (First Edition) : Good Practice and Self-Assessment Tool (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059788
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p.) , ill.
    Edition: First Edition
    Series Statement: Better Aid
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Améliorer les dispositifs d'incitation dans les organismes donneurs (Première édition) ; Bonnes pratiques et outil d'auto-évaluation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Improving incentives in donor agencies
    RVK:
    QC 347
    RVK:
    QM 353
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungsorganisation ; Leistungsanreiz ; Development ; Ratgeber ; Entwicklungsorganisation ; Selbstevaluation ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Effizienz
    Abstract: Under the Paris Declaration, donors and partner countries commit to “reform procedures and strengthen incentives - including for recruitment, appraisal and training - for management and staff to work towards harmonisation, alignment and results”. This commitment was based on the recognition that the needed changes to behaviour will not happen automatically as there are a number of up-front and long-term costs - institutional, financial and political. The importance of appropriate incentives in influencing managers and officials - and even more importantly political leaders - to bring about the necessary changes has been emphasised in a number of partner countries included in the Evaluation of the Paris Declaration. If incentives are to shift across the board, determined leadership, reinforced by pressure from well-informed stakeholders in partner and donor countries, will be needed. This publication adddresses this need and aims to provide donor agencies with guidance on how to improve aid effectiveness, and to assist them in identifying their strengths, weaknesses and gaps in incentives for promoting aid effectiveness.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264059788-en
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  • 39
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    Aid Effectiveness : A Progress Report on Implementing the Paris Declaration (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264050877
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Series Statement: Better Aid
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Efficacité de l'aide ; Rapport d'étape sur la mise en oeuvre de la Déclaration de Paris
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Aid effectiveness
    RVK:
    QM 353
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungsstrategie ; Entwicklungsländer ; Entwicklungsfinanzierung ; Entwicklungszusammenarbeit ; Internationale Kooperation ; Effektivität ; Development ; OECD ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Effizienz
    Abstract: The 2005 Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness defines the principles and commitments by which donors and developing countries intend to ensure that aid is as effective as possible in contributing to the Millennium Development Goals and other internationally agreed development objectives. This report is a mid-term review of progress towards these commitments, drawing on the 2008 Paris Declaration Monitoring Survey and the Evaluation Synthesis Report among many other sources. Part I highlights the main actionable lessons and messages emerging from the analysis of progress to date. Part II covers the commitments under the five Partnership Principles related to ownership, alignment, harmonisation, development results and mutual accountability, together with four subjects of critical relevance: sector perspectives, the role of civil society organisations, situations of fragility and conflict, and the changing aid architecture.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264050877-en
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  • 40
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    OECD Investment Policy Reviews: India 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076969
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (214 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement ; Inde 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als India
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Indien ; Finance and Investment ; India ; Bericht ; Indien ; Auslandsinvestition
    Abstract: This review of India's investment policy finds that India has made tremendous progress in building a policy environment to encourage investment. As a result, the country’s economy is growing more rapidly and FDI inflows have accelerated impressively. However, investment remains insufficient to meet India’s needs, particularly in infrastructure. Current efforts to strengthen and liberalise the regulatory framework for investment need to be intensified. India’s well-developed economic legislation should be implemented at an accelerated pace both at national level and right across India’s States and Union Territories. OECD Investment Policy Reviews: India charts India's progress in developing an effective policy framework to promote investment for development, especially since the acceleration of economic reform from 1991 onward. It focuses on policies towards investment, trade, competition and other elements of the business environment. Finally, it outlines some of the challenges of implementing national-level reforms at state level.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076969-en
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  • 41
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    OECD Territorial Reviews: Trans-border Urban Co-operation in the Pan Yellow Sea Region, 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076129
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (226 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews; Trans-border Urban Co-operation in the Pan Yellow Sea Region, 2009; (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Trans-border urban co-operation in the Pan Yellow Sea Region
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Ostasien ; Gelbes Meer ; Internationale Kooperation ; Wirtschaftskooperation ; Soziokultureller Wandel ; Transnationale Politik ; Bericht ; OECD
    Abstract: The Pan Yellow Sea Region (PYSR) covers the coasts of Northern China (Bohai Rim), western and southern Korea and south-western Japan (Kyushu). It has been one of the fastest growing economic zones in East Asia since China’s opening in the early 1990s, thanks to the region’s extensive manufacturing and transportation networks. Development has been driven by cities such as Dalian, Qingdao and Tianjin in China, Busan and Incheon in Korea, and Fukuoka and Kitakyushu in Japan. However, the PYSR has yet not fully utilised its assets nor reached its potential for growth. Further economic integration has been hindered by excessive competition and inadequate co-operation within the region. The regional transportation system requires structural changes to be integrated, especially in the container transportation market. Deepening the region’s social and cultural network remains a challenge. And environmental concerns are increasingly attracting attention. This report analyses these factors and assesses a wide range of policies to improve the PYSR’s competitiveness and integration. In particular, the report examines the PYSR’s trans-border governance system, which has emerged since the 1990s as a key regional policy agenda. The harmonisation of authorities within the region is a prerequisite to achieving economic success and addressing the PYSR’s diverse challenges. A comparative analysis of trans-border cooperation in OECD countries in Europe and North America is also included in an annex. This report will be of special interest to policy makers, researchers, NGOs and others active in trans-border development or Asian economic development.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076129-en
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  • 42
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    Strategies for Business, Government and Civil Society to Fight Corruption in Asia and the Pacific (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264077010
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (218 p.)
    Series Statement: ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Strategies for business, government and civil society to fight corruption in Asia and the Pacific
    RVK:
    MD 7200
    RVK:
    QL 415
    Keywords: Korruption ; Wirtschaftskriminalität ; Asiatisch-pazifischer Raum ; Governance ; Konferenzschrift 2008 ; Asiatisch-Pazifischer Raum ; Korruption ; Bekämpfung
    Abstract: Bribery is bad for business, so why do businesses continue to bribe? What roles do business, government, and civil society have in the fight against corruption - and notably in the fight against bribery in business? The 6th Regional Anti-Corruption Conference for Asia and the Pacific gathered experts from countries and jurisdictions of Asia and the Pacific, OECD member countries, leading enterprises and businesses associations, civil society, and development partners to respond to these questions and to share their experiences in fighting bribery in business. The conference, organized by the ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific in late November 2008, explored (i) possible drivers and incentives for anti-corruption reform; (ii) the role of criminal law standards and corporate compliance mechanisms; (iii) the risks and countermeasures against private-to-private corruption; (iv) preventing and managing conflicts of interest; (v) international initiatives to counter bribery; (vi) how development partners can become involved in the fight against bribery and corruption. This book presents the proceedings of the conference.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264077010-en
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  • 43
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    Taxation of SMEs : Key Issues and Policy Considerations (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264024748
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (147 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Tax Policy Studies no.18
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Taxation of SMEs
    RVK:
    QL 641
    RVK:
    PP 8080
    Keywords: KMU ; Unternehmensbesteuerung ; OECD-Staaten ; Taxation ; Steuerrecht ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; OECD
    Abstract: This report covers a broad range of SME taxation issues, including possible effects of taxation on the creation and growth of SMEs, and considerations arising from a relatively high compliance burden. Differing income tax and social security contribution burdens of unincorporated and incorporated SMEs are considered in detail, with analysis of average statutory tax rates carried out to investigate possible tax distortions to business creation and business structure decisions of a single worker/owner of an SME. Various arguments are presented for and against the targeting of tax incentives at SMEs. Country examples of SME tax incentives and compliance cost reduction measures are provided in the report.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264024748-en
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  • 44
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    Innovation and Growth : Chasing a Moving Frontier (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073975
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (266 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation and growth
    RVK:
    QR 000
    Keywords: Innovation ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; OECD-Staaten ; BRICS-Staaten ; Forschung ; Entwicklung ; Innovation ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; OECD ; Entwicklungsländer ; Innovation ; Technischer Fortschritt
    Abstract: Innovation is crucial to long-term economic growth, even more so in the aftermath of the financial and economic crisis. In this volume, the OECD and the World Bank jointly take stock of how globalisation is posing new challenges for innovation and growth in both developed and developing countries, and how countries are coping with them. The authors discuss options for policy initiatives that can foster technological innovation in the pursuit of faster and sustainable growth. The various chapters highlight how the emergence of an integrated global market affects the impact of national innovation policy. What seemed like effective innovation strategies (e.g. policies designed to strengthen the R&D capacity of domestic firms) are no longer sufficient for effective catch-up. The more open and global nature of innovation makes innovation policies more difficult to design and implement at the national scale alone. These challenges are further complicated by new phenomena, such as global value chains and the fragmentation of production, the growing role of global corporations, and the ICT revolution. Where and why a global corporation chooses to anchor its production affects the playing field for OECD and developing economies alike. Selected as a 2009 Notable Document by the American Library Association Government Documents Round Table.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073975-en
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  • 45
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    OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies: Slovenia 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Edition: 2009
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Henrard, Valentine Slovenia
    DDC: 331.12094973
    RVK:
    QG 490
    RVK:
    QV 200
    RVK:
    QX 400
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarkt ; Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Flexicurity ; Sozialpolitik ; Slowenien ; Slowenien ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Beschäftigungsentwicklung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Rentenversicherung ; Sozialpolitik
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264068995-en
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  • 46
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    OECD Reviews of Health Systems: Turkey 2008 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264051096
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (139 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Systems
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Turkey
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Gesundheitsreform ; Türkei ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Turkey ; Türkei ; Gesundheitswesen
    Abstract: This comprehensive review of Turkey's health care system shows that health status has improved rapidly in Turkey in recent decades, partly as a result of higher health spending. It describes the introduction of an ambitious Health Transformation Programme in 2003 which brought universal health insurance to Turkey in 2008 and has begun the process of public hospital reforms and the rolling out of family-practitioner services throughout the country. Challenges remain, however, including completing the Health Transformation Programme and ensuring that the new health system provides value for money and stays affordable. This report analyses these challenges and sets out policy suggestions aimed at addressing them.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264051096-en
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    Managing Development Resources : The Use of Country Systems in Public Financial Management (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056169
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Better Aid
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gérer les ressources pour le développement ; L'utilisation des systèmes nationaux de gestion des finances publiques
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Managing development resources
    RVK:
    QG 020
    RVK:
    QM 353
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungsfinanzierung ; Development ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungsfinanzierung
    Abstract: Successful development depends in large part on the efficiency, integrity and effectiveness with which the state raises, manages and expends public resources. Improving the rules and institutions governing these activities should be a major component, therefore, of any development approach. Given that strengthening Public Financial Management (PFM) is at the heart of the Millennium Development Goals, and good governance more generally, the Paris Declaration (2005) seeks to promote joint efforts in this area between donors and partner countries. This report takes stock of progress in strengthening public financial management systems and provides recommendations on how best to facilitate achieving the 2010 targets set out in the Paris Declaration. It sets out the benefits of and rationale for using country systems, assesses progress in meeting the Paris Declaration targets, reviews the landscape of PFM reforms in partner countries, looks at drivers of successful PFM reforms, examines the factors that influence decisions to use country PFM systems, focusing on the perceived risks and their assessment and management, and describes the PEFA (Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability) assessment, which provides information on the quality of a country’s PFM system. This report shows that now, as perhaps never before, partner countries and donors must strive to build mutual trust and work together in a true partnership for results.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264056169-en
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  • 48
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    OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation: 15 Mexican States 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060135
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (418 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Estudios de la OCDE de Innovación Regional; 15 estados mexicanos
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als 15 Mexican states
    RVK:
    QG 630
    Keywords: Regionalökonomik ; Regionales Cluster ; Technologiepolitik ; Mexiko ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Mexico ; Mexiko ; Regionale Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Technische Innovation
    Abstract: Despite macro-economic stability in recent years, Mexico still suffers from stagnant productivity growth. Mexico’s long-term competitiveness in a global context will require greater public and private action to spur innovation and economic growth in regions throughout the country. This report reviews how both national and state policies in Mexico can better support regional innovation systems and includes profiles of 15 states.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060135-en
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  • 49
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    Port Competition and Hinterland Connections (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102251
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Round Tables no.143
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Concurrence entre les ports et les liaisons terrestres avec l'arrière-pays
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: This Round Table publication discusses the policy and regulatory challenges posed by the rapidly changing port environment. The sector has changed tremendously in recent decades with technological and organisational innovation and a powerful expansion of trade. Although ports serve hinterlands that now run deep into continents, competition among ports is increasingly intense and their bargaining power in the supply chain has consequently weakened. Greater port throughput is meeting with increasing resistance from local communities because of pollution and congestion. In addition, local regulation is warranted but made difficult by the distribution of bargaining power among stakeholders. Higher-level authorities could develop more effective policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282102251-en
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  • 50
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    Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes: United States 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264075290
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Series Statement: Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als United States
    DDC: 331.34
    RVK:
    QG 620
    RVK:
    QV 221
    Keywords: Junge Arbeitskräfte ; USA ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United States ; USA ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Jugendarbeitslosigkeit ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik
    Abstract: First experiences on the labour market have a profound influence on later working life. This report on the United States contains a survey of the main barriers to employment for young people, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to improve the transition from school-to-work, and a set of policy recommendations for further action.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264075290-en
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    The Political Economy of Reform : Lessons from Pensions, Product Markets and Labour Markets in Ten OECD Countries (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073111
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (498 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'économie politique de la réforme ; Retraites, emplois et déréglementation dans dix pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Tompson, William The political economy of reform
    RVK:
    MK 8500
    RVK:
    MF 9100
    Keywords: Rentenreform ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Deregulierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; OECD ; Rentenreform ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Deregulierung
    Abstract: This report examines why some policy reforms get implemented and others languish by examining 20 structural reform efforts in 10 OECD countries over the past two decades. The case studies cover a wide variety of reform attempts in three key areas: pensions, labour- and product-market regulation. Key factors in the political, economic and reform-specific arenas are identified as helping or hindering reform, and these findings are cross-checked using a relatively simple set of Spearman rank correlations. The report’s two-pronged analytical approach – quantitative and qualitative – results in unique insights for policy makers designing, adopting and implementing structural policy reforms.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073111-en
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  • 52
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    OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Viet Nam 2009 : Policy Framework for Investment Assessment (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264050921
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement ; Viet Nam 2009 ; Évaluation du Cadre d'action pour l'investissement
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD investment policy reviews
    RVK:
    QG 840
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Vietnam ; Finance and Investment ; Viet Nam ; Direktinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Vietnam
    Abstract: This publication presents the results of the first OECD investment policy review of Vietnam. It finds that the progress Vietnam has achieved in less than two decades in putting into place a legal framework and implementing policies that mobilise private investment, including international direct investment, to support economic growth and the prosperity of Vietnam’s citizens has been remarkable. Starting from a situation in which the economy was essentially closed to private and international investment, Vietnam is now considered to be one of the very attractive economies in the world for investment.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264050921-en
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  • 53
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    Test No. 438: Isolated Chicken Eye Test Method for Identifying Ocular Corrosives and Severe Irritants (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076310
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (18 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 438 ; Méthode d'essai sur œil de poulet isolé pour l'identification de substances corrosives et fortement irritantes pour les yeux
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Essai n 438: Méthode d'essai sur œil de poulet isolé pour l'identification de substances corrosives et fortement irritantes pour les yeux
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The Isolated Chicken Eye (ICE) test method is an in vitro test method that can be used to classify substances as “ocular corrosives and severe irritants”. The ICE method uses eyes collected from chickens obtained from slaughterhouses where they are killed for human consumption, thus eliminating the need for laboratory animals. The eye is enucleated and mounted in an eye holder with the cornea positioned horizontally. The test substance and negative/positive controls are applied to the cornea. Toxic effects to the cornea are measured by a qualitative assessment of opacity, a qualitative assessment of damage to epithelium based on fluorescein retention, a quantitative measurement of increased thickness (swelling), and a qualitative evaluation of macroscopic morphological damage to the surface. The endpoints are evaluated separately to generate an ICE class for each endpoint, which are then combined to generate an Irritancy Classification for each test substance.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076310-en
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  • 54
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    Mehr Ungleichheit trotz Wachstum? : Einkommensverteilung und Armut in OECD-Ländern (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264049147
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (318 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Growing Unequal?; Income Distribution and Poverty in OECD Countries
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Croissance et inégalités ; Distribution des revenus et pauvreté dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Growing Unequal?: Income Distribution and Poverty in OECD Countries
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Croissance et inégalités : Distribution des revenus et pauvreté dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Abstract: Hat die Einkommensungleichheit im Zeitverlauf zugenommen? Wer sind die Gewinner und wer die Verlierer in diesem Prozess? Sind alle OECD-Länder gleichermaßen von dieser Entwicklung betroffen? Inwieweit sind stärkere Einkommensungleichheiten die Folge größerer Disparitäten bei den persönlichen Erwerbseinkommen der Arbeitnehmer, und welche Rolle spielen dabei andere Faktoren? Wie wirkt sich schließlich die staatliche Umverteilung durch Steuer- und Transfersysteme auf diese Trends aus?Dieser Bericht liefert Befunde dafür, dass die Einkommensungleichheit während der letzten 20 Jahre in den OECD-Ländern fast überall zugenommen hat. Die Publikation enthält eine Reihe von Analysen über die Verteilung der wirtschaftlichen Ressourcen in den OECD-Ländern. Die Daten über Einkommensverteilung und Armut erstrecken sich zum ersten Mal auf alle 30 OECD-Länder zum Stand von Mitte der 2000er Jahre, während bis Mitte der 1980er Jahre zurückreichende Informationen über Trendentwicklungen für rund zwei Drittel der Länder vorliegen. Der Bericht beschreibt zudem Ungleichheiten in einer Reihe von Bereichen (wie Vermögen der privaten Haushalte, Konsumgewohnheiten, öffentliche Sachleistungen), die bei den herkömmlichen Diskussionen über die Verteilung der wirtschaftlichen Ressourcen unter Einzelpersonen und Haushalten in der Regel außer Acht gelassen werden.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264049147-de
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    Productivity Measurement and Analysis (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264044616
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (554 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Productivity measurement and analysis
    Keywords: Produktivität ; Arbeitsproduktivität ; Messung ; Economics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift ; Produktivität ; Produktivitätsmessung ; Produktivitätszuwachs
    Abstract: Productivity measurement and analysis are the main topics addressed in this book, which brings together contributions presented and discussed in two international workshops organized by the Statistics Directorate and the Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry (DSTI) of the OECD. The first workshop was organised jointly by the OECD with Fundaccion BBVA and the Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas and held in Madrid in October 2005, and the second one was organized jointly by the OECD and the Swiss Federal Statistical Office and the State Secretary for Economic Affairs of Switzerland and held in Bern in October 2006. The two workshops brought together representatives of statistical offices, central banks and other branches of government in OECD countries that are engaged in the analysis and the measurement of productivity developments at aggregate and industry levels.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264044616-en
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    Overcoming Barriers to Administrative Simplification Strategies : Guidance for Policy Makers (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059726
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (64 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Surmonter les obstacles à la mise en œuvre des stratégies de simplification administrative ; Orientations destinées aux décideurs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Overcoming Barriers to Administrative Simplification Strategies; Guidance for Policy Makers (Arabic version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Surmonter les obstacles à la mise en œuvre des stratégies de simplification administrative : Orientations destinées aux décideurs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Overcoming Barriers to Administrative Simplification Strategies: Guidance for Policy Makers (Arabic version)
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Governments face the challenge of rationalising and minimising administrative burdens imposed by bureaucratic requirements. At the same time, they need to use administrative procedures as a source of information and a tool for implementing public policies. Administrative simplification strategies are designed to streamline procedures, reduce complexity, paperwork and uncertainty. This guide draws on the experience of, and policy dialogue between, member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and Middle East and North African countries (MENA). It reviews common barriers to designing and implementing a strategy for administrative simplification and offers 22 approaches to overcome them, providing a synthesis of good practices among policy makers and practitioners working on cutting red tape.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264059726-en
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    PISA Data Analysis Manual: SAS, Second Edition (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056251
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (467 p.)
    Edition: Second Edition
    Series Statement: PISA
    Keywords: Education ; Economics
    Abstract: The OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) surveys collected data on students’ performance in reading, mathematics and science, as well as contextual information on students’ background, home characteristics and school factors which could influence performance. This publication includes detailed information on how to analyse the PISA data, enabling researchers to both reproduce the initial results and to undertake further analyses. In addition to the inclusion of the necessary techniques, the manual also includes a detailed account of the PISA 2006 database. It also includes worked examples providing full syntax in SAS®.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264056251-en
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    Contracting Out Government Functions and Services : Emerging Lessons from Post-Conflict and Fragile Situations (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264066212
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Series Statement: Partnership for Democratic Governance
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Contracting out government functions and services
    Keywords: Öffentliche Dienstleistung ; Outsourcing ; Politische Instabilität ; Politischer Konflikt ; Afghanistan ; Kambodscha ; Kongo (Demokratische Republik) ; Ruanda ; Südsudan ; Development ; Entwicklungsländer ; Öffentliche Dienstleistung ; Contracting-out
    Abstract: This second volume of the Partnership for Democratic Governance Series investigates whether ‘contracting out’ core government functions and services has been conducive to capacity development. Each case study discusses the evidence and emerging lessons of contracting out in fragile and post-conflict situations. The chapters contained in this publication first appeared as contributions to the Partnership for Democratic Governance's collaborative online platform, PDF Online. Through this platform, users are able to post comments on discussion papers, send messages to the authors and easily find ifnormation relevant to the topics covered in this publication. Selected as a 2009 Notable Document by the American Library Association Government Documents Round Table.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264066212-en
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    OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education: Finland 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264049048
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (154 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education
    Keywords: Education ; Finland
    Abstract: With tertiary education increasingly seen as a fundamental pillar for economic growth, these systems must now address the pressures of a globalising economy and labour market. This book provides an overview of Finland's tertiary education system including an account of recent trends and developments, an analysis of the strengths and challenges, and recommendations for future policy development.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264049048-en
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  • 60
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    Creating Effective Teaching and Learning Environments: First Results from TALIS (Executive Summary) (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264072992
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 p)
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264072992-en
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    OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education: Japan 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264039322
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (127 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education
    Keywords: Education ; Japan
    Abstract: In many OECD countries, tertiary education systems have experienced rapid growth over the last decade. With tertiary education increasingly seen as a fundamental pillar for economic growth, these systems must now address the pressures of a globalising economy and labour market. Within governance frameworks that encourage institutions, individually and collectively, to fulfil multiple missions, tertiary education systems must aim for the broad objectives of growth, full employment and social cohesion. In this context, the OECD launched a major review of tertiary education with the participation of 24 nations. The principal objective of the review is to assist countries in understanding how the organisation, management and delivery of tertiary education can help them achieve their economic and social goals. Japan is one of 14 countries which opted to host a Country Review, in which a team of external reviewers carried out an in-depth analysis of tertiary education policies. This report includes: an overview of Japan's tertiary education system; an account of trends and developments in tertiary education in Japan; an analysis of the strengths and challenges in tertiary education in Japan; and recommendations for future policy development. This review of tertiary education in Japan forms part of the OECD Thematic Review of Tertiary Education, a project conducted between 2004 and 2008.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264039322-en
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    Explorations in OEEC History (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264067974
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (281 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Fifty years after it was launched, the Marshall Plan remains a major event of post World War II history. But what did it actually do for European reconstruction? To commemorate the opening of its historical archives to the public and their deposit at the European University Institute (EUI), the OECD invited a group of EUI historians to analyse the role played by the Marshall Plan and the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC) in the economic recovery of Europe. This book examines the major moments punctuating OEEC history from the original offer of Marshall Aid in 1947 to the decision to create the OECD in 1960. It offers a history of the European economic reconstruction and contributes to discussions on models of co-operation favouring economic development, trade liberalisation and world economic integration.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264067974-en
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    Test No. 509: Crop Field Trial (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076457
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (44 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 5
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 509 ; Essais au champ de plantes cultivées
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 509 : Essais au champ de plantes cultivées
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Crop field trials are conducted to determine the magnitude of the pesticide residue in or on raw agricultural commodities, including feed items, and should be designed to reflect pesticide use patterns that lead to the highest possible residues. Objectives of crop field trials are to: (1) quantify the expected range of residue(s) in crop commodities following treatment according to the proposed or established good agricultural practice; (2) determine, when appropriate, the rate of decline of the residue(s) of plant protection product(s) on commodities of interest; (3) determine residue values such as the “Supervised Trial Median Residue” and “Highest Residue” for conducting dietary risk assessment; and (4) derive maximum residue limits (MRLs). This Test Guideline requires one sample from treated plots at each sampling interval for crops that have eight or more crop field trials. The test substance(s) should be stored under appropriate conditions for the study duration and applied soon after preparation or mixing. Test substance applications should not be made in strong wind, during rain or when rainfall is expected shortly after application. For all applications, the application rate should be expressed in terms of amount of product and/or active ingredient per unit area. At the end of each crop field trial, the (stored) samples are analysed for residue level (expressed for example in mg/kg).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076457-en
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    OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education: China 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264039346
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education
    Keywords: Education ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: In many OECD countries, tertiary education systems have experienced rapid growth over the last decade. With tertiary education increasingly seen as a fundamental pillar for economic growth, these systems must now address the pressures of a globalising economy and labour market. Within governance frameworks that encourage institutions, individually and collectively, to fulfil multiple missions, tertiary education systems must aim for the broad objectives of growth, full employment and social cohesion. In this context, the OECD launched a major review of tertiary education with the participation of 24 nations. The principal objective of the review is to assist countries in understanding how the organisation, management and delivery of tertiary education can help them achieve their economic and social goals. China is one of 14 countries which opted to host a Country Review, in which a team of external reviewers carried out an in-depth analysis of tertiary education policies. This report includes: an overview of China's tertiary education system; an account of trends and developments in tertiary education in China; an analysis of the strengths and challenges in tertiary education in China; and recommendations for future policy development. This review of tertiary education in China forms part of the OECD Thematic Review of Tertiary Education, a project conducted between 2004 and 2008.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264039346-en
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    OECD Patent Statistics Manual (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056442
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (158 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manuel de l'OCDE sur les statistiques des brevets
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manual de estadísticas de patentes de la OCDE
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD patent statistics manual
    RVK:
    QP 215
    RVK:
    QR 360
    Keywords: Patent ; Datenerhebung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Anleitung ; Patent ; Statistik
    Abstract: This 2009 edition of the OECD Patent Statistics Manual takes stock of the recent developments in the field. It provides guiding principles for the use of patent data in the context of S&T measurement, and recommendations for the compilation and interpretation of patent indicators in this context. It aims to show what patent statistics can and cannot be used for, and how to count patents in order to maximise information on S&T activities while minimising statistical noise and biases. Finally, it describes how patent data can be used in the analysis of a wide array of topics related to technical change and patenting activity including industry-science linkages, patenting strategies by companies, internationalisation of research, and indicators on the value of patents.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264056442-en
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    OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Korea 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264067233
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: This report assesses the current status of Korea’s innovation system and policies, and identifies where and how the government should focus its efforts to improve the country’s innovation capabilities. It finds that Korea has one of the highest rates of spending on R&D in the world, much of which is performed by private firms. It also has a highly educated labour force – as signalled by its impressive PISA performance and exceptionally high rates of tertiary level graduation – with a strong interest in science and technology. However, a number of bottlenecks persist that hamper Korea’s economic convergence with the leading OECD economies. These include a relatively weak SME sector and weak performance in services, as well as lagging capacities to conduct leading-edge research in many areas. Furthermore, Korea faces numerous threats in the mid term, notably increased levels of competition from China and other newly-industrialising economies, the lowest fertility rate in the OECD and an ageing society, and a continuing high dependency on imports of natural resources, particularly hydrocarbons. In the shorter term, the economic crisis offers its own challenges, with the need for some policy adjustments to deal with expected falls in business investment in R&D and growing levels of unemployment among the highly skilled.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264067233-en
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    OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Mexico 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264075993
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (218 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Mexico
    Abstract: Over the past decade, Mexico has made significant progress towards macroeconomic stability and has undertaken important structural reforms to further open the economy to trade and investment, and improve the functioning of markets for goods and services. However, potential gross domestic product (GDP) growth remains much too low to reduce widespread poverty and bridge the wide gap in living standards with wealthier OECD countries. One important reason for this is that Mexico has been slower than those in many competing newly industrialising economies to realise the importance of investment in innovation as a driver of growth and competitiveness. This book assesses the current status of Mexico’s innovation system and policies, and identifies where and how the government should focus its efforts to improve the country’s innovation capabilities.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264075993-en
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    Natural Resources and Pro-Poor Growth : The Economics and Politics (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060258
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: DAC Guidelines and Reference Series
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ressources naturelles et croissance pro-pauvres ; Enjeux économiques et politiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ressources naturelles et croissance pro-pauvres : Enjeux économiques et politiques
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Natural resources and pro-poor growth
    RVK:
    QG 020
    Keywords: Natürliche Ressourcen ; Armut ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Entwicklungsländer ; Agriculture and Food ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Entwicklungsländer ; Natürliche Ressourcen ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Wirtschaftswachstum
    Abstract: This publication demonstrates that natural resources can contribute to growth, employment, exports and fiscal revenues in low-income countries, where natural capital constitutes a quarter of total wealth. It highlights the importance of policies encouraging the sustainable management of these resources. Moreover, it emphasises the need to address the political challenges of natural-resource management for long-term pro-poor economic growth. Part I provides an overview of the economics and politics of natural resources. It describes the unique features of natural resources and resulting management challenges, the role of sustainable natural resource management in supporting pro-poor growth, and the politics and governance of natural resources. It then offers recommendations for policy makers on how to support the approaches advocated in the paper. Part II examines these issues with respect to seven specific natural-resource sectors: fisheries, forests, wildlife and ecotourism, soil productivity, water security, minerals and renewable energy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060258-en
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    Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes: Australia 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060203
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Series Statement: Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Australia
    DDC: 331.3/40994
    RVK:
    QG 900
    RVK:
    QV 221
    Keywords: Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Australien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia ; Australien ; Jugendlicher Arbeitnehmer ; Arbeitsmarkt
    Abstract: Whatever the level of qualification, first experiences on the labour market have a profound influence on later working life. Getting off to a good start facilitates integration and lays the foundation for a good career, while a failure can be difficult to make up. This report contains - for Australia - a survey of the main barriers to employment for young people, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to improve the transition from school-to-work, as well as a set of policy recommendations for further action.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060203-en
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    PISA 2006 Technical Report (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264048096
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (420 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: The PISA 2006 Technical Report describes the methodology underlying the PISA 2006 survey. It examines additional features related to the implementation of the project at a level of detail that allows researchers to understand and replicate its analyses. The reader will find a wealth of information on the test and sample design, methodologies used to analyse the data, technical features of the project and quality control mechanisms.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264048096-en
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    OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060326
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (65 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les Principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The revised OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises were adopted by the governments of the 30 Member countries of the OECD and Argentina, Brazil and Chile on the occasion of the OECD's annual Council meeting at Ministerial level in Paris on 27 June 2000. This booklet comprises the revised text and commentary, implementation procedures and the Declaration on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060326-en
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    Green at Fifteen? : How 15-Year-Olds Perform in Environmental Science and Geoscience in PISA 2006 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264063600
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: PISA
    RVK:
    DO 1250
    Keywords: Education ; OECD ; PISA-Studie
    Abstract: The OECD’s PISA 2006 assessment of the science competencies of 15-year-olds offers the first comprehensive and internationally comparative knowledge base of students’ knowledge about the environment and environment-related issues. Green at Fifteen? presents an analysis of this knowledge base, including information on the sources of students’ awareness of environmental science, their attitudes towards the environment and how these attitudes interrelate with their performance in environmental science.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264063600-en
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    Health-Care Reform in Japan : Controlling Costs, Improving Quality and Ensuring Equity (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 40 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.739
    Keywords: Economics ; Japan
    Abstract: Japan’s health-care system has provided universal access to care and contributed to the outstanding health status of the Japanese. Public spending has been kept below the OECD average through high co-payment rates and reductions in medical fees. However, with continued upward pressure on expenditure, in part due to rapid population ageing, reforms are needed to limit spending increases through greater efficiency, while improving quality. It is essential to shift long-term care out of hospitals, reform the pricing mechanism away from pay-for-visit, increase the use of generic drugs, encourage healthy ageing and promote restructuring in the hospital sector. Quality should be improved by increasing the availability of effective new drugs and medical devices. In funding spending increases, it is important to limit the share borne by employees to avoid negative effects on the labour market. Japan may need to allow more mixed billing to enhance access to some advanced medical treatments.
    DOI: 10.1787/220005270870
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    OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education: Czech Republic 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264049079
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education
    Keywords: Education ; Czech Republic
    Abstract: With tertiary education increasingly seen as a fundamental pillar for economic growth, these systems must now address the pressures of a globalising economy and labour market. This book provides an overview of the Czech Republic's tertiary education system, including an account of recent trends and developments, an analysis of strengths and challenges, and recommendations for future policy development with a view to helping understand how the organisation, management and delivery of tertiary education can help achieve economic and social goals.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264049079-en
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    OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education: Spain 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264039360
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education
    Keywords: Education ; Spain
    Abstract: With tertiary education increasingly seen as a fundamental pillar for economic growth, these systems must now address the pressures of a globalising economy and labour market. This review, designed to help Spain understand how improving tertiary education can help it achieve its economic and social goals, presents an overview of Spain's tertiary education system, an account of trends and developments, an analysis of strengths and challenges, and recommendation for future development.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264039360-en
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    Reforming the Tax System in Korea to Promote Economic Growth and Cope with Rapid Population Ageing (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.671
    Keywords: Economics ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: Korea has one of the lowest tax burdens in the OECD area, reflecting its small public sector. However, rapid population ageing will put upward pressure on government spending. The challenge is to meet the long-run need for greater expenditures and tax revenue while sustaining strong economic growth. A pro-growth tax reform implies relying primarily on consumption taxes for additional revenue. There is also scope for raising personal income tax revenue from its current low level by broadening the base by reducing the exemptions for personal income. The planned cuts in the corporate tax rate should be financed at least in part by reductions in tax expenditures. The broadening of direct tax bases would also help finance an expansion of the earned income tax credit to address widening income inequality. In addition, the local tax system should be simplified and reformed to enhance the autonomy of local governments.
    DOI: 10.1787/226518762318
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    Improving the Policy Framework in Japan to Address Climate Change (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.740
    Keywords: Economics ; Japan
    Abstract: Japan, a relatively energy-efficient country, has been active in combating climate change. Under the Kyoto Protocol, Japan is committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 6% relative to 1990 over the period 2008-12. As of 2007, however, its emissions were up by 9%. Japan has relied primarily on voluntary measures, which are monitored by the government, without binding commitments or price signals on carbon. It is essential to improve the policy framework to achieve its ambitious longer-term target of a 60% to 80% emission reduction by 2050 in a cost-effective manner. Japan should shift from voluntary measures to market-based instruments, notably a mandatory and comprehensive emission trading scheme, supplemented if necessary, by carbon taxes in areas not covered by trading, which minimise abatement costs and promote innovation to reduce emissions. Trading schemes should be linked to those in other countries, while expanding Japan’s use of a well-functioning Clean Development Mechanism. Continued public support for R&D in emission reduction technology, particularly in basic research, is important.
    DOI: 10.1787/218874608768
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    OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education: Korea 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264049055
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education
    Keywords: Education ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: With tertiary education increasingly seen as a fundamental pillar for economic growth, these systems must now address the pressures of a globalising economy and labour market. This book provides an overview of Korea's tertiary education system, including an account of recent trends and developments, an analysis of strengths and challenges, and recommendations for future policy development.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264049055-en
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    Test No. 453: Combined Chronic Toxicity/Carcinogenicity Studies (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264071223
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (20 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 453 ; Études combinées de toxicité chronique et de cancérogénèse
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 453 : Études combinées de toxicité chronique et de cancérogénèse
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The objective of a combined chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity study is to identify carcinogenic and the majority of chronic effects, and to determine dose-response relationships following prolonged and repeated exposure. The rat is typically used for this study. For rodents, each dose group and concurrent control group intended for the carcinogenicity phase of the study should contain at least 50 animals of each sex, while for the chronic toxicity phase of the study should contain at least 10 animals of each sex. At least three dose levels should be used, in addition to the concurrent control group for both the chronic toxicity phase and the carcinogenicity phase of the study. The three main routes of administration are oral, dermal, and inhalation. The Test Guideline focuses on the oral route of administration. The period of dosing and duration of the study is normally 12 months for the chronic phase, and 24 months for the carcinogenicity phase. The study report should include: measurements (weighing) and regular detailed observations (haematological examination, urinalysis, clinical chemistry), as well as necropsy procedures and histopathology. All these observations permit the detection of neoplastic effects and a determination of carcinogenic potential as well as the general toxicity.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264071223-en
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    Sustaining Growth in Korea by Reforming the Labour Market and Improving the Education System (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 42 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.672
    Keywords: Economics ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: A well-functioning labour market is essential to sustain rapid economic growth in the face of population ageing. Priorities are to reverse the rising share of non-regular workers, which has negative implications for both growth and equity, and encourage greater employment of women and youth, who are under-represented in the labour force. Attracting more women to employment requires increasing the availability of childcare, strengthening maternity leave and creating more family-friendly workplaces. Youth employment rates should be boosted by upgrading tertiary education through stronger competition and closer links to enterprises to reduce mismatches. Educational reform should be extended to elementary and secondary schools to enhance efficiency and decrease the burden of private tutoring. The age of retirement of employees should be raised by eliminating mandatory retirement and phasing out the retirement allowance. Active labour market policies should focus on policies to expand human capital rather than wage subsidies.
    DOI: 10.1787/226580861153
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    OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education: Norway 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264039308
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (98 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education
    Keywords: Education ; Norway
    Abstract: With tertiary education increasingly seen as a fundamental pillar for economic growth, these systems must now address the pressures of a globalising economy and labour market. This book provides an overview of Norway's tertiary education system including an account of recent trends and developments, an analysis of strengths and challenges, and recommmedations for future policy development.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264039308-en
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    Managing Water for All : An OECD Perspective on Pricing and Financing - Key Messages for Policy Makers (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060548
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (35 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. De l'eau pour tous ; Perspectives de l'OCDE sur la tarification et le financement - Messages clés pour les décideurs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. De l'eau pour tous : Perspectives de l'OCDE sur la tarification et le financement - Messages clés pour les décideurs
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Water is vital for human and economic development, and for maintaining ecosystems. However, billions of people lack access to water and sanitation services, mainly due to poor governance and inadequate investment and maintenance. The situation is becoming more urgent due to increasing pressure, competition and even conflict over the use of water resources. The OECD has been working for many years to address these challenges. The results of recent work are summarised in Managing Water for All: An OECD Perspective on Pricing and Financing, which emphasises the economic and financial aspects of water resources management and water service provision, the need for an integrated approach (including governance considerations) to address these complex policy challenges, and the importance of establishing a firm evidence base to support policy development and implementation. The report examines: strategic financial planning for water supply and sanitation that balances the key sources of revenues for the water sector – the“3Ts” of taxes, tariffs and transfers; the design and implementation of water pricing strategies that balance financial sustainability with other policy objectives; recent developments in private sector participation in the water sector; and trends and the future outlook of water use in agriculture. It considers both developing and OECD countries and offers concrete recommendations and checklists for action. The report is an invaluable resource for policy makers, academics, NGOs and all others interested in the challenges facing the water sector today. The key messages for policy makers are summarised in this volume.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060548-en
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    DAC Guiding Principles for Aid Effectiveness, Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: Best Practices in Development Co-operation
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Endorsed in December 2008, these Guiding Principles suggest concrete ways policy advisors and programme managers, in both donor and partner countries, can achieve better development results by improving gender equality and supporting women’s empowerment.
    DOI: 10.1787/487955dc-en
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    Farmland Conversion : The Spatial Dimension of Agricultural and Land Use Policies (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264679542 , 9789264340008 , 9789264415522
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (64 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment
    Abstract: Land is a key input into agricultural production and the agricultural sector remains the main user of rural land in most OECD countries. How land is managed in agriculture, and the conversion of farmland to non-agricultural uses, are likely to have implications not only for the provision of food, but also for the supply of public goods such as rural amenities, as well as for the quantity and quality of water. Changes in agricultural, agri-environmental, land-use, and regional policies – together with factors such as climate and demographic changes – increasingly affect land use and management choices. This report examines the impact of several policies on farmland conversion using a combination of economic analysis and empirical case studies.
    DOI: 10.1787/ae50672e-en
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    Die OECD in Zahlen 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073999
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD in Figures 2009
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'OCDE en chiffres 2009
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La OCDE en cifras 2009
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: L'OCDE en chiffres 2009
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: La OCDE en cifras 2009
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: OECD in Figures 2009
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073999-de
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    Test No. 232: Collembolan Reproduction Test in Soil (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076273
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (19 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 232 ; Essai de reproduction de collemboles dans le sol
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 232 : Essai de reproduction de collemboles dans le sol
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline is designed for assessing the effects of chemicals on the reproduction of collembolans in soil. The parthenogenetic Folsomia candida is the recommended species for use, but an alternative species such as sexually reproducing Folsomia fimetaria could also be used if they meet the validity criteria. This Guideline can be used for testing both water soluble and insoluble substances but it is not applicable to volatile ones. The Guideline aims to determine toxic effects of the test substance on adult mortality and reproductive output expressed as LCx and ECx respectively, or NOEC/LOEC value. The number of treatment concentrations varies depending on endpoints to be determined. For a combined approach to examine both the NOEC/LOEC and ECx, eight concentrations in a geometric series with four replicates for each concentration as well as eight control replicates should be used. In each test vessel, 10 juveniles F. candida (or 10 males and 10 females adults F. fimetaria) should be placed on 30 g of modified OECD artificial soil using a 5 % organic matter content. The duration of a definitive reproduction test is 4 weeks for F. candida or 3 weeks for F. fimetaria.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076273-en
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    OECD Rural Policy Reviews: China 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059573
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (258 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als China
    Keywords: Ländliche Entwicklung ; Entwicklungsplanung ; China ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: With more than 700 million residents living in rural areas, China is still a predominantly rural country. But despite substantial improvements in standards of living, the Chinese countryside is largely lagging behind. This report analyses the key socio-economic forces at work in China's rural areas and discusses the current government strategy for rural development. It argues that in order to bridge rural-urban divides the current policy approach needs to go further in recognising rural-urban complementarities beyond agriculture and that food-security targets need to be balanced with wider rural development objectives.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264059573-en
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    Handbook on Deriving Capital Measures of Intellectual Property Products (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264079205
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Handbook on Deriving Capital Measures of Intellectual Property Products; (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Handbook on Deriving Capital Measures of Intellectual Property Products: (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Handbook on deriving capital measures of intellectual property products
    RVK:
    QI 200
    Keywords: Immaterialgüterrechte ; Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnung ; Economics ; Immaterialgut ; Immaterielles Wirtschaftsgut ; Messung ; System of National Accounts ; Kapitalbildung
    Abstract: The latest System of National Accounts (the 2008 SNA) explicitly recognises, for the first time, that expenditures on research and experimental development (R&D) should be recorded as capital formation. This is a natural extension to the 1993 SNA, which recommends recording many acquisitions of software and databases, mineral exploration, and entertainment, artistic and literary originals as capital formation, too. These products have a common characteristic, namely that their value reflects the underlying intellectual property they embody, which is why they are referred to collectively in this publication as intellectual property products (IPPs). But they also share another important characteristic: their measurement is not straightforward, and in the absence of clear guidance it is highly likely that estimates will not be comparable between countries. This Handbook is designed to provide that guidance by considering IPPs collectively, based on their common characteristics, by type, based on any specificities, such as data availability, and by detailed transaction - for example the valuation of IPPs that have been produced for internal use by their developers, the valuation of unsuccessful IPPs, and the production of IPPs produced and made freely available by government.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264079205-en
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    Take the Test : Sample Questions from OECD's PISA Assessments (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264050815
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (318 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: What does PISA actually assess? This book presents all the publicly available questions from the PISA surveys. Some of these questions were used in the PISA 2000, 2003 and 2006 surveys and others were used in developing and trying out the assessment. After a brief introduction to the PISA assessment, the book presents three chapters, including PISA questions for the reading, mathematics and science tests, respectively. Each chapter presents an overview of what exactly the questions assess. The second section of each chapter presents questions which were used in the PISA 2000, 2003 and 2006 surveys, that is, the actual PISA tests for which results were published. The third section presents questions used in trying out the assessment. Although these questions were not used in the PISA 2000, 2003 and 2006 surveys, they are nevertheless illustrative of the kind of question PISA uses. The final section shows all the answers, along with brief comments on each question.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264050815-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 90
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    The Financial Crisis : Reform and Exit Strategies (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073036
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La crise financière ; Réforme et stratégies de sortie
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La crise financière : Réforme et stratégies de sortie
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The financial crisis
    RVK:
    QK 000
    RVK:
    QK 600
    Keywords: Internationaler Finanzmarkt ; Finanzkrise ; Welt ; Internationale Finanzpolitik ; Internationaler Kreditmarkt ; Finanzkrise ; Bank ; Insolvenz ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Erde ; Finanzkrise
    Abstract: The financial crisis required governments to make massive interventions in their financial systems. This book sets out priorities for reforming incentives in financial markets as well as for phasing out these emergency measures.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073036-en
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  • 91
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    PISA Data Analysis Manual: SPSS, Second Edition (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056275
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (475 p.)
    Edition: Second Edition
    Series Statement: PISA
    Keywords: Education ; Economics
    Abstract: The OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) surveys collected data on students’ performances in reading, mathematics and science, as well as contextual information on students’ background, home characteristics and school factors which could influence performance. This publication includes detailed information on how to analyse the PISA data, enabling researchers to both reproduce the initial results and to undertake further analyses. In addition to the inclusion of the necessary techniques, the manual also includes a detailed account of the PISA 2006 database and worked examples providing full syntax in SPSS®.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264056275-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 92
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    Measuring Capital - OECD Manual 2009 : Second edition (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264068476
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (233 p.) , ill.
    Edition: Second edition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mesure du capital - Manuel de l'OCDE 2009 ; Deuxième édition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Medición del capital - Manual OCDE 2009 ; Segunda edición
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mesure du capital - Manuel de l'OCDE 2009 : Deuxième édition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Medición del capital - Manual OCDE 2009 : Segunda edición
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Measuring capital
    RVK:
    QI 200
    Keywords: Kapitalstock ; Messung ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Kapitalbildung ; Kapitalvermögen ; Kapitalertrag ; Messung
    Abstract: Capital - in particular of the physical sort - plays several roles in economic life: it constitutes wealth and it it provides services in production processes. Capital is invested, disinvested and it depreciates and becomes obsolescent and there is a question how to measure all these dimensions of capital in industry and national accounts. This revised Capital Manual is a comprehensive guide to the approaches toward capital measurement. It gives statisticians, researchers and analysts practical advice while providing theoretical background and an overview of the relevant literature. The manual comes in three parts - a first part with a non-technical description with the main concepts and steps involved in measuring capital; a second part directed at implementation and a third part outlining theory and a more complete mathematical formulation of the measurement process.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264068476-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 93
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    Integrating Climate Change Adaptation into Development Co-operation: Policy Guidance (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264054950
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Adaptation au changement climatique et coopération pour le développement ; Document d'orientation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Integración de la Adaptación en la Cooperación para el Desarrollo ; Guía sobre Políticas
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Integração da Adaptação às Alterações Climáticas na Cooperação para o Desenvolvimento; Guia para o Desenvolvimento de Políticas
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Adaptation au changement climatique et coopération pour le développement : Document d'orientation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Integración de la Adaptación en la Cooperación para el Desarrollo : Guía sobre Políticas
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Integração da Adaptação às Alterações Climáticas na Cooperação para o Desenvolvimento: Guia para o Desenvolvimento de Políticas
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Integrating climate change adaptation into development co-operation
    DDC: 363.73874
    RVK:
    AR 28300
    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Environment ; Development ; Klimaänderung ; Entwicklungszusammenarbeit
    Abstract: The negative impacts of climate change will hit poor people and poor countries disproportionately, and further compromise the achievement of their development objectives. Integrating Climate Change Adaptation into Development Co-operation provides essential information and advice on how to facilitate the integration of adaptation into development processes. The objectives of this policy guidance are to: i) promote understanding of the implications of climate change on development practice and the associated need to mainstream climate adaptation in development co-operation agencies and partner countries; ii) identify appropriate approaches for integrating climate change adaptation into development policies at national, sectoral and project levels and in urban and rural contexts; and iii) identify practical ways for donors to support developing country partners in their efforts to reduce their vulnerability to climate variability and climate change. While efforts to integrate climate change adaptation will be led by developing country partners, international donors have a critical role to play in supporting such efforts.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264054950-en
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  • 94
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    OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment 2008 : Fourth Edition (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264048751 , 9789264045743
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (241 p.) , ill.
    Edition: Fourth Edition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Définition de référence de l'OCDE des investissements directs internationaux 2008 ; Quatrième édition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OCDE Definición Marco de Inversión Extranjera Directa ; Cuarta edición
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Définition de référence de l'OCDE des investissements directs internationaux 2008 : Quatrième édition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OCDE Definición Marco de Inversión Extranjera Directa : Cuarta edición
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD benchmark definition of foreign direct investment
    RVK:
    QM 355
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Statistische Methode ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Direktinvestition ; Auslandsinvestition ; Statistik ; Datenerhebung ; Richtlinie
    Abstract: Foreign direct investment (FDI) is a major driver of globalisation. The OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment sets the world standard for FDI statistics. It provides a single point of reference for statisticians and users on all aspect of FDI statistics, while remaining compatible with other internationally accepted statistical standards. This edition introduces new analytical data breakdowns and statistical treatments that better reflect the realities of today’s world economy. The revised Benchmark Definition provides methods for classifying different types of FDI (e.g., mergers and acquisitions, greenfield investments) and for identifying the ultimate investor. The new edition now addresses the uses of FDI statistics, including globalisation indicators, and provides a chapter relating to the statistics on the activities of multinational enterprises.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264045743-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 95
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    Boosting Productivity in Korea's Service Sector (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 39 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.673
    Keywords: Economics ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: Labour productivity growth in the service sector has been low relative to manufacturing. This is explained in part by weak competition in services resulting from strict product market regulation and the low level of import penetration and inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI). Increasing productivity growth in the service sector, which accounts for 67% of employment and 58% of value added in Korea, is essential to sustain high potential growth. The priority is to strengthen competition by eliminating domestic entry barriers, accelerating regulatory reform, upgrading competition policy and reducing barriers to trade and inflows of FDI. Another challenge is to enhance the performance and accelerate the restructuring of small and medium-sized enterprises, which account for over 90% of service-sector employment. Furthermore, it is essential to boost productivity in service industries with high growth potential, such as telecommunications and financial and business.
    DOI: 10.1787/226625875038
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  • 96
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    Pensions at a Glance : Asia/Pacific (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059771
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (102 p)
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The report analyses the retirement income systems of 18 Asian countries, including Australia, China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, the Philippines and Vietnam. It says that reform is needed because: coverage of formal pension systems is relatively low; withdrawal of savings before retirement is very common; pension savings are often taken as lump sums and often do not provide people with adequate income over their lifetime; pensions payments are not automatically adjusted to reflect changes in the cost of living. In OECD countries, an average of 70% of the working-age population are eligible for a pension. However in South Asia, just 7.5% of the working-age population are eligible and in East Asia 18%. Furthermore, few countries in Asia/Pacific have social pensions to provide safety-net retirement incomes for people who are not members of formal schemes. Only in India are social pensions significant, with around 10 to 15% of older people covered.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264059771-en
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  • 97
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    Financial Stability : Overcoming the Crisis and Improving the Efficiency of the Banking Sector (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.738
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The crisis that originated in mid-2007 in the United States and deepened in September 2008 is the largest peace-time disruption of financial markets since the Great Depression. It was triggered by a number of factors, namely the large amount of lending to subprime borrowers, the expansion of securitisation resulting in a disconnect between loan originators and final investors, the questionable assessments of credit rating agencies and the unprecedented resort to off-balance sheet vehicles. These developments took place during a traditional credit boom and reinforced the skyrocketing of asset prices, erosion of lending standards and under-pricing of risk. The crisis had serious repercussions worldwide, particularly in Europe, given the global nature of financial markets. This paper begins by considering why the Japanese banking system was initially relatively resilient to the deterioration in the global financial system, although there were some secondary effects that are discussed in the following section. The third section outlines the emergency response of the Japanese authorities to the financial crisis, including quantitative measures by the central bank and other institutions and regulatory changes by the Financial Services Agency (FSA). At the same time, the authorities have taken steps to improve the regulatory framework. The fourth section goes beyond the crisis to consider policies to boost chronically low profitability in the banking sector. Measures to promote efficiency in the financial sector by upgrading capital markets and improving the range and quality of financial products are discussed in the following section.
    DOI: 10.1787/220053357172
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    Test No. 452: Chronic Toxicity Studies (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264071209
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (16 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 452 ; Études de toxicité chronique
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 452 : Études de toxicité chronique
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The objective of these chronic toxicity studies is to characterize the profile of a substance in a mammalian species (primarily rodents) following prolonged and repeated exposure. The Test Guideline focuses on rodents and oral administration. Both sexes should be used. For rodents, at least 20 animals per sex per group should normally be used at each dose level, while for non-rodents a minimum of 4 per sex per group is recommended. At least three dose levels should be used in addition to the concurrent control group. Frequency of exposure normally is daily, but may vary according to the route chosen (oral, dermal or inhalation) and should be adjusted according to the toxicokinetic profile of the test substance. The duration of the exposure period should be 12 months. The study report should include: measurements (weighing) and regular detailed observations (haematological examination, urinalysis, clinical chemistry), as well as necropsy procedures and histopathology.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264071209-en
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  • 99
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    OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform: China 2009 : Defining the Boundary between the Market and the State (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059429
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (322 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation ; Chine 2009 ; Définir la frontière entre le marché et l'État
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation : Chine 2009 : Définir la frontière entre le marché et l'État
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als China
    DDC: 330.951
    RVK:
    QG 860
    Keywords: Regulierung ; China ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Reformpolitik ; Systemtransformation ; Demokratisierung ; Governance ; China ; China ; Regulierung
    Abstract: China has made enormous progress in developing the modern legal and regulatory foundation for the market economy. The private sector is now the main driver of growth, and new laws have gone a long way toward establishing private property rights, competition, and mechanisms for entry and exit comparable to those of many OECD countries. At the same time important challenges remain, including further clarification of the scope of state ownership, reform of relations among central and local governments, firmer establishment of the rule of law, and strengthening of regulatory institutions and processes. This review of China's regulatory system focuses on the overall economic context for regulatory reform, the government’s capacity to manage regulatory reform, competition policy and enforcement, and market openness. The review also examines the regulatory framework in the electricity, water and health care sectors. As for OECD countries, the review follows a multidisciplinary and highly interactive approach. A number of OECD instruments and policies are used in this assessment, although the review also takes into account the specific challenges faced by the Chinese authorities. The review includes a comprehensive set of policy recommendations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264059429-en
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  • 100
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    Sector Specific Sources of Competitiveness in the Western Balkans : Recommendation for a Regional Investment Strategy (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264055698
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (229 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Competitiveness and Private Sector Development
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sector specific sources of competitiveness in the Western Balkans
    RVK:
    QG 490
    Keywords: Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Branche ; Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Südosteuropa ; Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; Südosteuropa ; Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Investitionspolitik
    Abstract: The Western Balkan region benefits from a cost-competitive labour force and geographic and cultural proximity to EU markets. However, cost competitiveness as a source of differentiation is not sustainable. Cost levels are increasing gradually in some sectors, reducing firms’ profitability. In order to sustain competitiveness, the Western Balkans needs to move up the value chain, from investing in automated technology to producing higher-quality goods and enhancing its human capital. This report examines the apparel manufacturing, automotive components and business process and technology outsourcing sectors, focusing on market competitiveness factors, industry key success factors and policy recommendations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264055698-en
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