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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (286)
  • Dordrecht : Springer  (180)
  • London [u.a.] : Routledge  (54)
  • Wiesbaden : Springer VS  (43)
  • Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
  • Philosophy  (286)
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Material
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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781108844154 , 9781009366182 , 1108844154
    Language: English
    Pages: xi, 276 Seiten
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Saitō, Kōhei, 1987 - Marx in the Anthropocene
    DDC: 335.412
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    Keywords: Marx, Karl ; Kapitalismus ; Marxismus ; Kommunismus ; Sozialismus ; Steady-State-Ökonomie ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Ökonomische Ideengeschichte ; Marxian economics ; Environmental economics ; Capital ; Marx, Karl 1818-1883 ; Anthropozän ; Kommunismus ; Postwachstumsökonomie
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 251-267. - Index: Seite 268-276 , Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9783658210830
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Ethik in mediatisierten Welten
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 302.2
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    Keywords: Business ethics ; Computer science
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  • 3
    Book
    Book
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781108474603 , 1108474608 , 9781108465045 , 1108465048
    Language: English
    Pages: xiii, 392 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: New departures in anthropology
    DDC: 930.1
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    Keywords: Kulturanthropologie ; Sozialanthropologie ; Ethnomethodologie ; Vergleich
    Abstract: "Anthropologists today use comparisons to describe and to explain, to generalise and to challenge generalisations, to critique and to create new concepts. In this multiplicity of often contradictory aims lie both the key challenge of anthropological comparison, and also its key strength. Matei Candea maps a path through that entangled conversation, providing a ground-up reassessment of the key conceptual issues at the heart of any form of anthropological comparison, whilst creating a bold charter for reconsidering the value of comparison in anthropology and beyond
    Note: The impossible method -- The garden of forking paths -- Caesurism and heuristics -- Comparatio -- Two ends of lateral comparison: identity and alterity -- Another dimension of lateral comparison: identity and intensity -- Two ends of frontal comparison: identity, alterity, reflexivity -- The oscillations of frontal comparison: identity, intensity, reflexivity -- Rigour
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer VS
    ISBN: 9783531941998
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 199 S, online resource)
    Series Statement: Aktuelle und klassische Sozial- und Kulturwissenschaftler innen
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Füssel, Marian, 1973 - Zur Aktualität von Michel de Certeau
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Religion and culture ; Social sciences in mass media ; Social Sciences ; Religion and sociology ; Modern philosophy ; Cultural studies ; Sociology ; Mass media ; Communication ; Culture. ; Social sciences ; Religion and sociology ; Modern philosophy ; Cultural studies ; Sociology ; Religion and culture ; Mass media ; Communication ; Social sciences in mass media ; Certeau, Michel de 1925-1986
    Abstract: Leben, Werk und Rezeption -- Aufbrüche: Die Krise der Theologie und die Krise der Politik -- Orte des Anderen -- Meta-Historiographie: Die Abwesenheit der Geschichte -- Von der Analytik der Gegenwart zur politischen Anthropologie des Alltags -- Eine historische Anthropologie des Religiösen -- Zur Aktualität von Michel de Certeau: Perspektiven.
    Abstract: Michel de Certeau (1925–1986) war Zeit seines Lebens ein Grenzgänger zwischen den wissenschaftlichen Disziplinen: Von der Theologie über die Historische Anthropologie bis zur Psychoanalyse durchstreifte er verschiedene Felder der Wissenschaften vom Anderen. Figuren der Alterität können als einendes Band von de Certeaus Studien begriffen werden, die er aus der Analyse der frühneuzeitlichen Mystik, der Kulturgeschichte der Stadt oder des Konsums ebenso entwickelte wie in der Geschichtstheorie. Das Werk des französischen Jesuiten ist damit zu einem bedeutenden Referenzpunkt für so unterschiedliche Ansätze wie die Cultural Studies, die postmoderne Theologie, die neue Kulturgeschichte oder Theorien des Postkolonialismus geworden. Anhand seiner wichtigsten Schriften werden zentrale Konzepte und Begriffe des innovativen Ideengebers einer transdisziplinären Kulturwissenschaft erläutert und die unterschiedlichen Wege ihrer Rezeption verfolgt. Der Inhalt〈• Leben, Werk und Rezeption • Aufbrüche: Die Krise der Theologie und die Krise der Politik • Orte des Anderen • Meta-Historiographie: Die Abwesenheit der Geschichte • Von der Analytik der Gegenwart zur politischen Anthropologie des Alltags • Eine historische Anthropologie des Religiösen • Zur Aktualität von Michel de Certeau: Perspektiven Die Zielgruppen Kultur- und Sozialwissenschaften, Geschichtswissenschaften, Theologie, Psychoanalyse, Ethnologie, Literaturwissenschaft, Kultursoziologie, Urbanistik, Historische Anthropologie, Ideengeschichte, Postcolonial Studies, Cultural Studies Der Autor Dr. Marian Füssel ist Professor für Geschichte der Frühen Neuzeit unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Wissenschaftsgeschichte an der Universität Göttingen.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer VS
    ISBN: 9783658147372
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 515 S, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Handbuch Christian Wolff
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    Keywords: Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Lehrbuch ; Wolff, Christian von 1679-1754 ; Wolff, Christian von 1679-1754 ; Philosophie
    Abstract: Mit diesem Buch wird erstmals ein umfassendes und systematisches Referenzwerk zu Christian Wolff vorgelegt, das alle wichtigen Aspekte zu Leben und Werk des Philosophen behandelt. Das Handbuch ist von international renommierten Experten verfasst und behandelt die Biographie, das philosophische und naturwissenschaftlich-mathematische Werk sowie die philosophiegeschichtliche Rolle von Christian Wolff. Der Inhalt Biographie und Bibliographie • Quellen • Philosophiebegriff und Methode • Logik • Philosophie der Sprache • Metaphysik • Praktische Philosophie • Physik • Mathematik • Kontroversen und Rezeption Die Zielgruppen Studierende und Dozierende der Philosophie, Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften. Die Herausgeber Prof. em. Dr. Robert Theis lehrte Philosophie an der Universität Luxemburg. PD Dr. Alexander Aichele lehrt Philosophie an der Universität Halle.
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9783658187675
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 520 S. 73 Abb, online resource)
    Series Statement: Kunst und Gesellschaft
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Religion and culture ; Social Sciences ; Arts ; Aesthetics ; Culture. ; Social sciences ; Arts ; Aesthetics ; Religion and culture ; Konferenzschrift
    Abstract: Auftakt -- Krieg, Gewalt und die Bildende Kunst -- Ästhetischer Widerstand in Musik und Film -- Ästhetischer Widerstand in der Literatur -- Konzeptionelle Überlegungen zum Ästhetischen Widerstand -- Kunst und Protestkultur -- Ästhetischer Widerstand und Vergesellschaftung.
    Abstract: In den Beiträgen dieses Bandes wird soziologisch und ästhetisch, kunst- und literaturwissenschaftlich erörtert, wie aus ästhetischen Erfahrungen Widerstandskraft gegen Zerstörung und Selbstzerstörung entwickelt wird. Es wird gezeigt, dass Kunst und Gesellschaft nicht ohne ästhetischen Widerstand zu machen sind. Dieser äußert sich nicht nur in der Produktion und in der Rezeption von Kunst, sondern auch in vielfältigen Praxen der Lebenswelt. Welche Rolle spielt ästhetische Erfahrung heute für die Fragen des guten Lebens und wie ist Ästhetik mit dem Leben selbst verbunden? Wie kann das Verhältnis von Ethik und Ästhetik heute gesellschaftlich und politisch gedacht und vermittelt werden? Und vor allem: Wie kann der Destruktionsdynamik als Sucht und Sog gesellschaftlicher Selbstzerstörung durch ästhetischen Widerstand wirksam Einhalt geboten werden? Der Inhalt - Krieg, Gewalt und die Bildende Kunst - Ästhetischer Widerstand in Musik und Film - Ästhetischer Widerstand in der Literatur - Zum Verhältnis von Kunst und Protestkultur - Vergesellschaftung durch ästhetische Praxis? - Konzeptionelle Überlegungen zum Ästhetischen Widerstand und: ein Podiumsgespräch zwischen Christoph Menke und Hermann Pfütze zum Ästhetischen Widerstand und der Kraft der Kunst Die Zielgruppen • Lehrende und Studierende der Kultur- und Kunstsoziologie, der Philosophie und Ästhetik, der Kunst- und Literaturwissenschaften • Künstlerinnen und Künstler • Akteure, Kritiker und Liebhaber von Kunst, Literatur, Theater und Musik • außerdem: Kulturkämpfer, Kunstverächter und Feindbildfreunde Die Herausgeber Aida Bosch ist Professorin für Soziologie an der Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen. Hermann Pfütze war von 1972 bis 2006 Professor für Soziologie an der Alice-Salomon-Hochschule in Berlin.
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9783658178741
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 364 S, online resource)
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Schmidt, Jochen Liebe – eine Tugend? Das Dilemma der modernen Ethik und der verdrängte Status der Liebe 2019
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Liebe - eine Tugend? Zur Bedeutung des Rückgriffs auf den Caritas-Begriff von Thomas von Aquin im 20. Jahrhundert - J. Pieper, R. Spaemann, Moderne Tugendethik (Veranstaltung : 2014 : Eichstätt) Liebe - eine Tugend?
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    Keywords: Philosophy ; Ethics ; Philosophy ; Ethics ; Konferenzschrift 2014 ; Konferenzschrift ; Liebe ; Tugend ; Ethik
    Abstract: Einführung in die Fragestellung -- Liebe als Fundament einer Tugendethik -- Liebe als Tugend in der Moderne: Grenze, Vorstoß, Bedingung.
    Abstract: M. Stockers bekannte Diagnose einer schizophrenen Situation der beiden Hauptstränge der modernen Ethik – Deontologismus und Konsequentialismus – und die Diagnose C. Halbigs eines Scheiterns der modernen Tugendethik hinterlassen den Eindruck einer aporetischen Situation. Die Autoren stellen sich dieser Frage angesichts der damit verbundenen Verblassung sowohl des Tugend- als auch des Liebesbegriffs in der Neuzeit. Sie erschließen die Systematik des Verlorengegangenen (Aristoteles, Thomas von Aquin, Duns Scotus), im Blick auf ethische Entwürfe, die eine Neubesinnung in der Überwindung der Dilemmata anstreben (Pieper, Spaemann), und fordern zu weiterer Durchdringung auf. Der Inhalt Einführung in die Fragestellung.- Liebe als Fundament einer Tugendethik.- Liebe als Tugend in der Moderne: Grenze, Vorstoß, Bedingung Die Zielgruppen Studierende, Lehrende, Wissenschaftler aller ethikbezogenen Disziplinen Der Autor PD Dr. Winfried Rohr lehrt Philosophie an der Katholischen Universität Eichstätt. .
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9783658207854
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 191 S, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Aurenque, Diana, 1981 - Die medizinische Moralkritik Friedrich Nietzsches
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    Keywords: Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm 1844-1900 Ethics ; Philosophy ; Modern philosophy ; Philosophy ; Modern philosophy ; Ethics, Modern 19th century ; Medizin ; Rezeption ; Nietzsche, Friedrich 1844-1900 ; Philosophie ; Nietzsche, Friedrich 1844-1900 ; Rezeption ; Medizinische Ethik
    Abstract: Die Einflüsse der physiologisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Medizin auf Nietzsches moralkritisches Denken -- Nietzsches medizinische Philosophie -- Die Rezeption von Nietzsches Denken in der heutigen Medizinethik.
    Abstract: Nietzsches Philosophie ist ein ausgezeichnetes Beispiel für die Produktivität des Dialogs zwischen Medizin und Philosophie. Diana Aurenque stellt die medizinischen Einflüsse in der Entstehung von Nietzsches moralkritischem Denken heraus. Ferner klärt sie die Bedeutung seiner medizinisch-philosophischen Moralkritik und erforscht die Rezeption und Aktualität von Nietzsches moralkritischem Denken in Fragestellungen und Debatten der heutigen Medizinethik. Der Inhalt Die Einflüsse der physiologisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Medizin auf Nietzsches moralkritisches Denken.- Nietzsches medizinische Philosophie.- Die Rezeption von Nietzsches Denken in der heutigen Medizinethik Die Zielgruppen Studierende, Akademiker und Lehrende der Philosophie, der Medizintheorie und -geschichte, der Wissenschaftsgeschichte und der Bioethik Die Autorin Diana Aurenque ist Prodekanin für Forschung und Postgraduate-Studium der Fakultät für Geisteswissenschaften an der Universidad de Santiago de Chile und Professorin am Philosophischen Seminar derselben Universität. .
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9783658214821
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VI, 108 Seiten)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Printed edition
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Röhrich, Wilfried, 1936 - Karl Marx und seine Staatstheorie
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    Keywords: Political science ; Political Science and International Relations ; Political theory ; World politics ; Political philosophy ; Marx, Karl 1818-1883 ; Staat ; Staatslehre
    Abstract: Dieses Buch, das Karl Marx zum 200. Geburtstag gewidmet ist, befasst sich mit seiner Staatstheorie, die nicht - wie geplant - als systematische Arbeit erschien. Es sind vielmehr zahlreiche Studien, die sich mit dem Staat befassen und zu mehreren Rekonstruktionen der Staatstheorie von Marx führten. Die vorliegende Darstellung will diesen Rekonstruktionen keine weitere hinzufügen. Es wird auch nicht der Versuch unternommen, Marxʼ Denken einheitlicher und geschlossener erscheinen zu lassen, als es ist. Das Buch beabsichtigt, im Zuge einer Neubestimmung seines Denkens die vorliegenden Erkenntnisse der Staatstheorie von Marx aufzugreifen und diesen jeweils klassische Konzeptionen und neuere Positionen der Staatsdiskussion - wie die Horkheimers und Adornos - zuzuordnen.
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  • 10
    ISBN: 9783658157593
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 284 S, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Religion and culture ; Social Sciences ; Critical theory ; Sociology ; Culture. ; Social sciences ; Critical theory ; Sociology ; Religion and culture ; Kritische Theorie ; Kulturindustrie ; Ästhetik ; Medientheorie
    Abstract: 1947 publizierten Horkheimer und Adorno ihre Dialektik der Aufklärung. Von ihren Überlegungen zur Dialektik von Herrschaft und Befreiung, zu Aufklärung und faschistischer Barbarei hat das Kapitel über „Kulturindustrie“ sicher die breiteste und kontroverseste Rezeption erfahren. Aber was bleibt von ihrer These, Aufklärung finde nur mehr als Massenbetrug statt und Kultur schlage alles mit Ähnlichkeit? 70 Jahre später stellen sich Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler aus verschiedenen Disziplinen dieser Frage. Sie aktualisieren die Kategorien der Kritik und überprüfen sie an Beispielen (von Eugène Delacroix über Peter Sloterdijk bis zu Harry Potter und Videospielen). Damit wird das Potenzial eines zentralen Begriffs der Kritischen Theorie ausgelotet und für die Gegenwart fruchtbar gemacht. Der Inhalt Beiträge von Melanie Babenhauserheide, Fabio Akcelrud Durão, Daniel Martin Feige, Per Jepsen, Susanne Martin, Stefan Müller-Doohm, Shierry Weber Nicholsen, Martin Niederauer, Max Paddison, Konstantinos Rantis, Tilman Reitz, Christine Resch, Gerhard Schweppenhäuser, Hermann Schweppenhäuser, Andreas Sudmann und Heinz Steinert Die Zielgruppen · PhilosophInnen · SoziologInnen · MedienwissenschaftlerInnen · Kunst- und KulturwissenschaftlerInnen · PädagogInnen Die Herausgeber Dr. Martin Niederauer ist wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter an der Fakultät Gestaltung der Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften in Würzburg. Dr. Gerhard Schweppenhäuser ist Professor für Design-, Kommunikations- und Medientheorie an der Fakultät Gestaltung der Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften in Würzburg.
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer VS
    ISBN: 9783658140328
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (234 Seiten)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Schweidler, Walter, 1957 - Kleine Einführung in die Angewandte Ethik
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    Keywords: Philosophy ; Ethics ; Philosophy ; Ethics ; Angewandte Ethik
    Abstract: Dieses Buch bietet eine knappe, ganz auf Verständlichkeit ausgerichtete Einführung in die wichtigsten Fragen und Probleme der angewandten Ethik. Neben den systematischen und geschichtlichen Grundlagen ethischen Denkens behandelt es die wichtigen Bereiche der Technik- und Medizinethik, der Sozialethik und der Wirtschaftsethik, sowie der Medienethik. Der Inhalt · Einleitung: zur Anleitung · Was es heißt, ethisch zu denken · Die Person als Sinnhorizont humanen Handelns · Wissenschaft, Technik und Medizin · Gemeinschaft, Gesellschaft und Umwelt · Wirtschaft und die Frage der Moral · Ethik im Zeitalter der Information und Medien Die Zielgruppen · Studierende und Lehrende aus den Bereichen der Ethik, der Politik und der Philosophie · Ethik-Fortbildung · Politikberatung · Berufe mit besonderem Bezug zur Ethik Der Autor Prof. Dr. Walter Schweidler lehrt Philosophie an der Katholischen Universität Eichstätt-Ingolstadt.
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 225-234
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9783658132392
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 390 S. 7 Abb, online resource)
    Series Statement: Kulturelle Figurationen: Artefakte, Praktiken, Fiktionen
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. "Doch ist das Wirkliche auch vergessen, so ist es darum nicht getilgt"
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als "Doch ist das Wirkliche auch vergessen, so ist es darum nicht getilgt"
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Critical theory ; Cultural studies ; Sociology ; Religion and culture ; Mass media ; Communication ; Social sciences in mass media ; Social Sciences ; Social sciences ; Critical theory ; Cultural studies ; Sociology ; Religion and culture ; Mass media ; Communication ; Social sciences in mass media ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Kracauer, Siegfried 1889-1966 ; Feuilleton ; Soziologie ; Filmtheorie ; Philosophie ; Geschichtsschreibung
    Abstract: Siegfried Kracauers Werk in seiner Breite und Originalität steht im Zentrum dieses Bandes, der in internationaler und interdisziplinärer Perspektivierung eine Vielzahl der Themen, Denkfiguren und Schreibweisen des Autors analysiert. Kaum ein Intellektueller steht wohl so konsequent und facettenreich für das 20. Jahrhundert wie Siegfried Kracauer, dessen Todestag sich am 26. November 2016 zum 50. Mal jährt. Wie nur wenige andere hat Kracauer ein Spektrum an Interessen und Disziplinen abgedeckt, das für die kulturellen und intellektuellen Konstellationen seiner Zeit paradigmatische Geltung besitzt. Der Inhalt Gegenwart im Feuilleton • Literatur und Sprache • Gesellschaft als Mosaik • Musik • Fotografie und Film • Philosophie und Geschichte Die Zielgruppen Studierende und Lehrende kultursoziologischer, literatur-, film- und kulturwissenschaftlicher Studiengänge • An Kritischer Theorie, Intellektuellengeschichte, Feuilletonforschung Interessierte Die Herausgeber/innen Dr. Jörn Ahrens ist Professor für Kultursoziologie mit Schwerpunkt Transformation von Kulturen an der Universität Gießen. Dr. Paul Fleming ist Professor für German Studies und Comparative Literature und Direktor des Institute for German Cultural Studies an der Cornell University New York. Dr. Susanne Martin ist wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin am Institut für Politikwissenschaft der Universität Gießen. Dr. Ulrike Vedder ist Professorin für Neuere deutsche Literatur vom 18. Jahrhundert bis zur Gegenwart an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
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  • 13
    Online Resource
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    Wiesbaden : Springer VS
    ISBN: 9783658155339
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 131 S, online resource)
    Edition: 2. Aufl. 2017
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Reese-Schäfer, Walter, 1951 - Karl-Otto Apel und die Diskursethik
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    Keywords: Political theory ; Ethics ; Language and languages Philosophy ; Political philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Political theory ; Ethics ; Language and languages Philosophy ; Political philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Apel, Karl-Otto 1922-2017 ; Diskursethik
    Abstract: Dieses Buch führt in die zentralen Thesen von Karl-Otto Apels Philosophie ein, die oft über viele Texte seines Werkes verstreut sind. Sein Werk wird transparent gemacht im Spannungsfeld der Großdebatten zwischen der kritischen Theorie von Habermas und der Philosophie des Kritischen Rationalismus. Walter Reese-Schäfer macht Apels oft schwierige Sprache verständlich, benennt die Voraussetzungen der Diskursethik und steckt ihren Geltungsbereich ab. Damit bietet diese Einführung eine unentbehrliche Hilfe für alle, die einen ersten, aber auch vertiefenden Zugang zu seinem Werk und zur Diskursethik suchen. Der Inhalt Nach 1945: Am Nullpunkt der Moral • Konventionelle und postkonventionelle Moral • Reflexive Letztbegründung • Die Diskursethik in ihren Grundzügen • Fallibilismus und Konsenstheorie der Wahrheit • Mit Habermas gegen Habermas denken • Apels Antwort an die Postmoderne • Politik und Ökonomie in Apels Philosophie Die Zielgruppen Dozierende und Studierende der Philosophie, Ethik und der Sozialwissenschaften Der Autor Prof. Dr. Walter Reese-Schäfer ist Inhaber des Lehrstuhls für Politische Theorie und Ideengeschichte an der Universität Göttingen
    Abstract: Einleitung -- 1. Nach 1945: Am Nullpunkt der Moral -- 2. Konventionelle und postkonventionelle Moral -- 3. Reflexive Letztbegründung -- 4. Die Diskursethik in ihren Grundzügen -- 5. Fallibilismus und Konsenstheorie der Wahrheit -- 6. Mit Habermas gegen Habermas denken -- 7. Apels Antwort an die Postmoderne -- 8. Politik und Ökonomie in Apels Philosophie -- 9. Resümee und Ausblick -- 10. Literaturverzeichnis -- Über den Autor
    Note: 1. Aufl.: © Junius Verlag 1990
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9783658165178
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 236 S, online resource)
    Series Statement: Frauen in Philosophie und Wissenschaft. Women Philosophers and Scientists
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Robaszkiewicz, Maria Übungen im politischen Denken
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    Keywords: Political theory ; Political philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Political theory ; Political philosophy ; Politische Praxis ; Traditionsbruch ; Pluralität ; Hochschulschrift ; Arendt, Hannah 1906-1975 ; Politisches Denken
    Abstract: Maria Robaszkiewicz fragt in ihrem Buch worin politische Kompetenz besteht, welche Fähigkeiten der Beteiligung am politischen Geschehen zugrunde liegen und wie eine politische Sphäre geschaffen werden kann, die trotz der Pluralität von Meinungen, einen Raum für politische Gemeinschaft bietet. Sie greift dabei auf Hannah Arendts Konzept des politischen Denkens zurück, das mögliche Antworten auf diese Fragen gibt. Allerdings ist die Fähigkeit des politischen Denkens den Menschen nicht gegeben, sondern muss erst durch Übungen entwickelt werden. Arendts Texte können als Beispiele derartiger Übungen fungieren: Als solche bieten sie eine Einleitung der Politik als weltbildender Praxis. Der Inhalt Geschichte als Kritik: Übungen im politischen Denken nach dem Traditionsbruch „Plurality inherent in every human being”: Arendts Begriff des politischen Denkens Hannah Arendts Schriften als Übungen im politischen Denken Die Zielgruppen Dozierende, Lehrende und Studierende der Philosophie, der politischen Theorie und der Gender Studies Politkerinnen und Politiker Die Autorin Maria Robaszkiewicz ist am Lehrstuhl für praktische Philosophie der Universität Paderborn wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin bei Prof. Dr. Ruth Hagengruber
    Abstract: Geschichte als Kritik: Übungen im politischen Denken nach dem Traditionsbruch -- „Plurality inherent in every human being”: Arendts Begriff des politischen Denkens -- Hannah Arendts Schriften als Übungen im politischen Denken
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9783658151423
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 294 S, online resource)
    Edition: 2. Aufl. 2017
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Neuser, Wolfgang, 1950 - Natur und Begriff
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    Keywords: Modern philosophy ; Philosophy and science ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Modern philosophy ; Philosophy and science ; Assoziation ; Begriffslernen ; Biologie ; Chaotisches System ; Naturwissenschaftlicher Unterricht
    Abstract: Moderne Naturwissenschaft lässt sich methodisch und inhaltlich nicht ohne ihre vielfältigen Bezüge zur Philosophie verstehen. Vor dem Hintergrund einer Theorie einer Begriffsgeschichte naturwissenschaftlicher Begriffe stellt Wolfgang Neuser in diesem Buch historische Fallbeispiele vom 17. bis zum 19. Jahrhundert gleichsam als empirisches Material einer philosophischen Untersuchung vor. Der Autor Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Neuser lehrt Philosophie an der Universität Kaiserslautern. Stimmen zum Buch: "Die von Wolfgang Neuser vorgelegte „Begriffsgeschichte von Newton bis Hegel“ hebt sich von anderen Werken aus dem Bereich der Wissenschaftsgeschichtsschreibung dadurch ab, dass sie nicht nur (gute) Einzeluntersuchungen enthält, sondern darüber hinaus auch noch die Problematik der Wissenschaftsgeschichtsschreibung selbst mitbedenkt. Kurz: Sie ist, wie vom Autor angekündigt, durch und durch 'Wissenschaftsdarstellung in philosophischer Absicht.'" Thomas Bach (in: Der blaue Reiter) "Neusers Studie über den Zusammenhang von Naturwissenschaften und Naturphilosophie eröffnet insoweit neue Perspektiven, als sie zeigen kann, dass der Anspruch, Natur zu begreifen, nicht identisch damit ist, Natur berechenbar zu machen." Klaus-Jürgen Grün (in: Prima Philosophia)
    Abstract: Vorüberlegungen zu einer Theorie der Begriffsgeschichte -- Kapitel I: Isaac Newtons Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica -- Kapitel II: Die Sprache als Letztbegründung der Naturwissenschaften. Von der Französischen Aufklärung zu den Ideologen -- Kapitel III: Die Suche nach Bedeutungsgehalten. Fruchtbare Widersprüche im Kraftbegriff im 18. Jahrhundert -- Kapitel IV: Metaphysik als Letztbegründung. D'Alemberts Wissenschaftssystem und Newtons Physik -- Kapitel V: Erkenntnis unter der Einheit der vernunft. Kants transzendentalphilosophische Begründung der Newtonschen Physik -- Kapitel VI: Traditionslinien. Letztbegründung in der Naturphilosophie von Newton bis Hegel -- Kapitel VII: Spekulative dynamische Physik. Schellings Metaphysik der Natur vor dem Hintergrund der Chemie LeSages -- Kapitel VIII: Die Logik des Begriffs. Hegels Naturphilosophie als eine Metaphysik der Natur -- Kapitel IX: Die Erkenntnismethode der mathematischen Naturphilosophie. Schleidens Kritik an Schellings und Hegels Verhältnis zur Naturwissenschaft -- Kapitel X: Schlussbetrachtung: Natur und Technik
    URL: Cover
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9783658061104
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 972 S, online resource)
    Series Statement: Springer Reference Sozialwissenschaften
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Springer Reference DE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Handbuch Verantwortung
    Parallel Title: Printed edition
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Handbuch Verantwortung
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    Keywords: Ethics ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Verantwortung ; Angewandte Ethik ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Verantwortung ; Angewandte Ethik
    Abstract: Das Handbuch Verantwortung vermittelt einen Überblick über Themen und Positionen der internationalen Verantwortungsforschung. Es befasst sich mit Geschichte und Etymologie der Verantwortung und zeigt, warum der Verantwortungsbegriff zum Grundvokabular des ethischen Denkens gehört. Wann immer von Verantwortung die Rede ist, spielen Begriffe wie Freiheit, Zurechnung, Schuld oder Pflicht eine wesentliche Rolle. Darüber hinaus werden unterschiedliche Typen und Arten der Verantwortung wie individuelle und kollektive Verantwortung behandelt. Der Leser wird mit den wichtigsten Handlungsbereichen vertraut gemacht, zu denen die politische und rechtliche Verantwortung gehören, aber auch die Rolle des Verantwortungsprinzips in Erziehung, Medien, Technik und Wissenschaft. Nicht zuletzt geht es um den Beitrag, den das Verantwortungsprinzip für den Umgang mit Herausforderungen der Menschenrechte, der Weltarmut oder des Klimawandels leistet. Der Inhalt Grundlagen • Geschichte und Genealogie • Theorien und Ansätze • Begriffe und Aspekte • Typen und Arten • Bereiche • Anwendung und Praxis • Grenzen Die Zielgruppen Studierende und Dozierende der Philosophie, Ethik, Sozial- und Politikwissenschaften. Die Herausgebenden Prof. Dr. Ludger Heidbrink ist Professor für Praktische Philosophie an der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel. PD Dr. Claus Langbehn ist Fellow der Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung am Institut für Philosophie der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. Dr. Janina Loh ist Wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin am Institut für Philosophie der Universität Wien im Bereich Technik- und Medienphilosophie
    Abstract: 1. Grundlagen -- 2. Geschichte und Genealogie -- 3. Theorien und Ansätze -- 4. Begriffe und Aspekte -- 5. Typen und Arten -- 6. Bereiche -- 7. Anwendung und Praxis -- 8. Grenzen
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer VS
    ISBN: 9783658173074
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 313 S, online resource)
    Edition: 2. Aufl. 2017
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ooyen, Robert Chr. van, 1960 - Hans Kelsen und die offene Gesellschaft
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    Keywords: Political science ; Political theory ; Democracy ; World politics ; Law Philosophy ; Law ; Constitutional law ; Political Science and International Relations ; Political science ; Political theory ; Democracy ; World politics ; Law Philosophy ; Law ; Constitutional law ; Kelsen, Hans 1881-1973 ; Offene Gesellschaft ; Staatslehre ; Verfassungstheorie
    Abstract: Hans Kelsens Staatslehre ohne „Staat“ und „Volk“ ist eine bedeutsame politische Theorie, vielleicht sogar die Verfassungstheorie der offenen Gesellschaft in der postnationalen Moderne: Ob Zuwanderungsgesellschaft oder europäische Integration - mit ihr lassen sich genau die aktuellen demokratie- und verfassungstheoretischen Herausforderungen pluralistischer Gesellschaften erfassen, an denen die tradierten Staats- und Verfassungslehren bis in die Rechtsprechung des Bundesverfassungsgerichts hinein scheitern. Kelsens modern-demokratische Konzeption einer Bürgerschaft als Rechtsgenossenschaft bedarf weder der „Souveränität“ noch der „homogenen Nation“; sie ist daher auch die für das zeitgemäße Verständnis des Grundgesetzes adäquate Staats- und Verfassungstheorie. Für die Neuauflage wurde die Aufsatzsammlung erheblich erweitert und vollständig neu systematisiert. Der Inhalt • Kelsens postnationale, demokratisch-pluralistische Verfassungstheorie • Gott, Staat und Totalitarismus: Die dunkle Seite des Kritischen Rationalismus bei Kelsen und Popper • Rezeptionslinien in der Verfassungs- und politischen Theorie pluralistischer Demokratie • „Anti-Kelsen“ und „Kelsen-Rückkehr“ in der Staatsrechtslehre und beim Bundesverfassungsgericht Die Zielgruppe • Politikwissenschaftler und -wissenschaftlerinnen • Staatsrechtler und Staatsrechtlerinnen Der Autor Robert Chr. van Ooyen lehrt Staats- und Gesellschaftswissenschaften in Lübeck, Berlin und Dresden
    Abstract: Einführung: Hans Kelsen und die Verfassungstheorie der offenen Gesellschaft -- Staat und pluralistische Gesellschaft bei Kelsen -- Der Streit um die Staatsgerichtsbarkeit in Weimar aus demokratietheoretischer Sicht: Triepel - Kelsen - Schmitt - Leibholz -- Exkurs: Relativismus, Positivismus und Demokratie bei Radbruch und Thoma -- Staatstheologie - politische Theologie - politische Religionen: Von Kelsen über Schmitt zu Voegelin -- Rückfall in die Barbarei? Leistungen und Grenzen der „Offenen Gesellschaft“ von Popper als Werk der Totalitarismustheorie -- Verfassungspolitologie des demokratischen „Verfassungsrealismus”: Von Lassalle über Kelsen zu Loewenstein -- Neo-Pluralismus als „Anti-Anti-Pluralismus“: Die Bedeutung von Kelsen und Schmitt für die politische Theorie von Fraenkel -- Die dunkle Seite des Rechtsstaats: Kirchheimers „Politische Justiz“ zwischen Freund-Feind (Schmitt), Klassenjustiz (Fraenkel) und Zvilisierung (Kelsen) -- Häberle, die Wiener-Weimarer Staatsklassik und die offene Gesellschaft der europäischen Verfassungs-Kultur -- Demokratische Partizipation statt „Integration“: Normativ-staatstheoretische Begründung eines generellen Ausländerwahlrechts nach Kelsen -- Viel Smend (und auch Schmitt), wenig Kelsen: Zur Rezeption in der deutschen Staatsrechtslehre -- Homogenes Staatsvolk statt EU-Bürgerschaft: Das BVerfG zitiert Heller, meint Schmitt und verwirft Kelsens postnationales Konzept demokratischer Rechtsgenossenschaft -- Kein Ausländerwahlrecht: Der Staatsgerichtshof Bremen entscheidet gegen Kelsens demokratische Avantgarde - oder: Was ist ein (europäisches) Volk? -- Die „Kopftuch-Entscheidung“ des Bundesverfassungsgerichts zwischen Pluralismustheorie (Kelsen / Fraenkel) und Staatstheologie (Hegel/Schmitt) -- Die andere Demokratietheorie des BVerfG: Popper / Häberle und eine (unbewusste) Kelsen-Rezeption im Brokdorf-Beschluss (1985) als Alternative zum Legitimationskettenmodell von Schmitt / Böckenförde -- Weimar - ein Paradigmenwechsel -- Die „Rückkehr“ Kelsens: Zur deutschsprachigen Forschung (2005-2015)
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9783658171315
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 209 S, online resource)
    Series Statement: Anthropologie – Technikphilosophie – Gesellschaft
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Capurro, Rafael, 1945 - Homo Digitalis
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    Keywords: Ethics ; Ontology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Informationsgesellschaft ; Neue Medien ; Ontologie ; Philosophische Anthropologie ; Ethik
    Abstract: Dieses Buch bietet erstmals den Versuch, die digitale Technologie, das Internet und die digitale Kommunikation umfassender zu verstehen und in einem größeren interdisziplinären Kontext zu interpretieren. Die digitale Technologie ist nicht nur ein Instrument, sondern eine Sichtweise, uns selbst und die Welt zu verstehen. Was kennzeichnet diese Art die Welt in ihrem digitalen Sosein zu verstehen? Wer sind wir im digitalen Zeitalter? Diese Fragen lassen sich deskriptiv und normativ erörtern. Mit dem Internet entstand eine interaktive horizontale Kommunikationsform, welche die vertikale massenmediale Eins-zu-vielen-Struktur der Informationsverbreitung grundlegend veränderte. Aus passiven Botschaftsempfängern sind global agierende aktive Sender geworden. Wir leben in einer digitalen interaktiven message society. Die durch das Internet eröffneten Möglichkeiten freier Kommunikation haben inzwischen zu Monopolbildungen durch global players geführt. Die interaktive digitale Kommunikation zeigt sowohl positive Möglichkeiten als auch Verfallsformen wie Ausbeutung, Überwachung, Abschottung und kriminelle Aktivitäten aller Art. Der Inhalt • Ontologie • Anthropologie • Ethik Die Zielgruppen Philosophen, Ethiker, Medienwissenschaftler, Informatiker, Juristen, Politiker, Pädagogen, Journalisten Der Autor Rafael Capurro ist Philosoph und Professor (em.) für Informationswissenschaft und Informationsethik an der Hochschule der Medien in Stuttgart
    Abstract: Einleitung -- Ontologie -- Anthropologie -- Ethik -- Literatur -- Quellen
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer VS
    ISBN: 9783658146863
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 979 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Social Science and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Bohrmann, Thomas, 1965 - Handbuch Friedensethik 2019
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Handbuch Friedensethik
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    Keywords: Political theory ; Ethics ; Political philosophy ; Philosophy ; Handbuch ; Handbooks ; Lehrbuch ; Friedensethik
    Abstract: Dieses Handbuch bietet eine umfassende, systematische Übersicht zu zentralen Aspekten der Friedensethik, einen interdisziplinären Zugang zum Stand der Forschung sowie zu aktuellen politischen und gesellschaftlichen Debatten. Es versammelt einerseits zahlreiche Beiträge zur Ideengeschichte und zu den theoretischen Grundlagen der Friedensethik. Andererseits suchen Expertinnen und Experten aus den relevanten Fachgebieten eine realitäts- und problembewusste Auseinandersetzung mit den Herausforderungen unserer konfliktbeladenen Gegenwart und nehmen dabei die Spannungen zwischen normativer und erklärender Theorie sowie zwischen Theorie und lebensweltlicher Erfahrung in den Blick. Somit ist dieses Buch ein unentbehrlicher Helfer sowohl in der wissenschaftlichen Forschung und Lehre als auch in der Politik und der zivilgesellschaftlichen und kirchlichen Friedensarbeit. Der Inhalt • Verständigung über Grundbegriffe • Friedensethische Diskurse: Hauptströmungen in der abendländischen Tradition • Friedensethische Diskurse: Traditionen weltweit - eine dialogorientierte Perspektivenerweiterung • 〈Friedensethische Analysen zu aktuellen Kontroversen und Entwicklungen • Ethische Selbstreflexion der Frieden- und Konfliktforschung Die Zielgruppen • Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler, Dozierende und Studierende der Philosophie, Theologie, Politikwissenschaft, Soziologie und Rechtswissenschaft • Politische Akteurinnen und Akteure • Vertreterinnen und Vertreter von Kirchen und Religionsgemeinschaften Die Herausgeberin und der Herausgeber PD Dr. Ines-Jacqueline Werkner ist Friedens- und Konfliktforscherin an der Forschungsstätte der Evangelischen Studiengemeinschaft in Heidelberg und Privatdozentin am Institut für Politikwissenschaft der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt a. M. Klaus Ebeling ist Projektleiter am Institut für Theologie und Frieden in Hamburg und Lehrbeauftragter am Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Fachbereich der Universität Potsdam
    Abstract: Verständigung über Grundbegriffe -- Friedensethische Diskurse: Hauptströmungen in der abendländischen Tradition -- Friedensethische Diskurse: Traditionen weltweit - eine dialogorientierte Perspektivenerweiterung -- Friedensethische Analysen zu aktuellen Kontroversen und Entwicklungen -- Ethische Selbstreflexion der Frieden- und Konfliktforschung
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer VS
    ISBN: 9783658107482
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 116 S, online resource)
    Edition: 6. Aufl. 2017
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Frankena, William K., 1908 - 1994 Ethik
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    Keywords: Ethics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Ethics ; Ethik
    Abstract: W. K. Frankenas kleine „Ethik“ ist aus gutem Grund ein moderner Klassiker unter den philosophischen Lehrbüchern. Das Buch bietet einerseits eine sehr gut verständliche und knappe Einführung in alle wichtigen Themen der Ethik, in ihre Grundbegriffe und in die wichtigsten theoretischen Ansätze. Andererseits lernt der Leser in Grundzügen die analytischen und argumentativen Instrumente kennen, mit denen ethische Fragen und Probleme auf eine philosophisch klare Weise behandelt werden können. Der Inhalt Moral und Moralphilosophie • Egoistische und deontologische Theorien • Utilitarismus und Gerechtigkeit • Moralischer Wert und Verantwortlichkeit • Eigenständige Werte und das gute Leben • Bedeutung und Rechtfertigung Die Zielgruppen Studierende, Lehrende und Wissenschaftler der Ethik, Philosophie und Soziologie Der Autor William K. Frankena (1908-1994) war ein US-amerikanischer Philosoph mit dem Schwerpunkt Ethik. Er war als Professor für Philosophie an der Universität von Michigan in Ann Arbor tätig. Der Herausgeber und Übersetzer Norbert Hoerster (geb. 1937) war bis zu seiner Pensionierung Professor für Rechts- und Sozialphilosophie an der Universität Mainz
    Abstract: Moral und Moralphilosophie -- Egoistische und deontologische Theorien -- Utilitarismus und Gerechtigkeit -- Moralischer Wert und Verantwortlichkeit -- Eigenständige Werte und das gute Leben -- Bedeutung und Rechtfertigung
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9783658164768
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VII, 44 Seiten)
    Series Statement: essentials
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Funke, Claudia Gerechtigkeit
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Lifelong learning ; Adult education ; Social work ; Social Sciences ; Social sciences ; Lifelong learning ; Adult education ; Social work ; Gerechtigkeit ; Philosophie ; Gerechtigkeit
    Abstract: In diesem essential gibt Claudia Funke einen Überblick über die Philosophie der Gerechtigkeit. Die Autorin ergänzt die philosophische Diskussion mit Praxisbeispielen und Werkzeugen für die eigene Berufspraxis. Dabei wird auch die Frage des eigenen Gerechtigkeitsverständnisses miteinbezogen. Auf dieser Grundlage diskutiert das essential, welcher Gerechtigkeitsbegriff für die Arbeit mit Menschen besonders hilfreich ist. In den Fokus rückt Gerechtigkeit als eine aushandelbare Größe. Es werden im Folgenden verschiedene Formen des gesellschaftlichen Aushandelns vorgestellt. Der Inhalt Dem eigenen Gerechtigkeitsverständnis auf der Spur Was ist „Gerechtigkeit“? Philosophische Konzepte von der Antike bis heute Gerechtigkeit „schaffen“? - Vom dialogischen Aushandeln von Gerechtigkeit〈 Die Zielgruppen Lehrende und Studierende mit Interesse für Pädagogik und soziale Arbeit Pädagogen und Pädagoginnen, Sozialarbeiter und Sozialarbeiterinnen, sowie Berater und Beraterinnen aus den Bereichen Coaching, Training und Organisationsberatung Die Autorin Claudia Funke, Magistra der Philosophie, arbeitet als Mediatorin in Strafsachen mit Jugendlichen und Heranwachsenden sowie als freie Mediatorin und Moderatorin mit Gruppen und Familien
    Abstract: Dem eigenen Gerechtigkeitsverständnis auf der Spur -- Was ist „Gerechtigkeit“? Philosophische Konzepte von der Antike bis heute -- Gerechtigkeit „schaffen“? - Vom dialogischen Aushandeln von Gerechtigkeit
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 43-44
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9783658137076
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 144 S, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Wallat, Hendrik, 1979 - Kritik der politischen Philosophie
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Critical theory ; Sociology ; Political sociology ; Social Sciences ; Social sciences ; Critical theory ; Sociology ; Political sociology ; Herrschaft ; Legitimation ; Rationalität ; Politische Philosophie ; Ideologie
    Abstract: Der Band befasst sich mit der in der politischen Philosophie geführten Diskussion um die (Nicht-) Vereinbarkeit von Vernunft und Herrschaft. Der bis auf Platon zurückreichende Versuch, Herrschaft (als) rational zu begründen, wird anhand seiner klassischen Varianten von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart auf seinen Vernunftanspruch hin kritisch analysiert. Mittels immanenter (Ideologie-)Kritik werden die Widersprüche in der begrifflichen Argumentation aufgedeckt und als Erscheinungen einer widersprüchlich verfassten gesellschaftlichen Ordnung dechiffriert, deren Herrschaftscharakter dem Vernunftvermögen des Menschen widerspricht. Der Inhalt Einleitung ● Die klassisch ontologische Variante ● Die christliche Variante ● Die klassisch bürgerliche Variante ● Die anthropologisch-psychologische Variante ● Zeitgenössische Varianten ● Rückblick nach vorn: Das Höhlengleichnis und die Mühen der Emanzipation Die Zielgruppen Studierende und Lehrende der Politischen Philosophie und Theorie. Der Autor Dr. Hendrik Wallat ist an der Universität Hannover tätig
    Abstract: Die klassisch ontologische Variante -- Die christliche Variante -- Die klassisch bürgerliche Variante -- Die anthropologisch-psychologische Variante -- Zeitgenössische Varianten -- Rückblick nach vorn: Das Höhlengleichnis und die Mühen der Emanzipation
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer VS
    ISBN: 9783658143435
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 155 S. 1 Abb, online resource)
    Edition: 2. Aufl. 2017
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Duarte, Rodrigo Antonio de Paiva, 1957 - Deplatzierungen
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Aesthetics ; Critical theory ; Sociology ; Social Sciences ; Social sciences ; Aesthetics ; Critical theory ; Sociology ; Kritische Theorie ; Kulturindustrie
    Abstract: Rodrigo Duarte ist es mit diesem Band gelungen eine aufmerksame Rezeption von Adorno in Brasilien und zugleich einen lebendigen Diskurs über kritische Theorie und die Perspektiven ihrer Weiterbildung hervorzubringen. Er ist geprägt von kultureller Differenz, von den Besonderheiten Brasiliens. Für den Leser ist das insofern interessant, da sich die globale Ökonomie und Kulturindustrie aus dem brasilianischen Blickwinkel anders darstellen, als aus dem europäischen oder nordamerikanischen. Dadurch erlangt das Adorno’sche Konzept der Kulturindustrie ein paar nicht unerhebliche Verschiebungen. Der Inhalt Zur Rezeption kritischer Theorie in Brasilien: Der Fall Merquior • Zur Frage der Autonomie der Kunst bei Herbert Marcuse • Ästhetische Erfahrung als Modell des „Eingedenkens der Natur im Subjekt“ • Zurück in die Zukunft. Die kritische Theorie der Kulturindustrie und die „Globalisierung“ • Kulturware und Volkskunst angesichts der „Globalisierung“ • Flussers Medientheorie und die Kritik der Kulturindustrie • Allegorischer Dionysos - Nietzsche und der Barock • Chladnische Klangfiguren. Über das philosophische Problem des Verhältnisses zwischen Ton und Bild • Die „globale“ Kulturindustrie und ihre Kritik • Schema und Form. Wahrnehmung und ästhetische Betrachtung bei Adorno Die Zielgruppen Kunst- und Kulturphilosophie Der Autor Dr. Rodrigo Duarte ist Professor für Ästhetik und Sozialphilosophie an der Fakultät für Philosophie und Humanwissenschaften der Universität des Bundesstaates Minas Gerais in Belo Horizonte, Brasilien. Er studierte in Belo Horizonte und Kassel war visiting scholar an der University of California at Berkeley sowie Gastprofessor an der Bauhaus-Universität Weimar und der Hochschule Mannheim
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  • 24
    ISBN: 9783658142643
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 347 S. 7 Abb., 1 Abb. in Farbe, online resource)
    Series Statement: Interdisziplinäre Anthropologie
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Interdisziplinäre Anthropologie
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Wahrnehmung
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    Keywords: Epistemology ; Physical anthropology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Epistemology ; Physical anthropology ; Ethik ; Philosophie ; Anthropologie
    Abstract: Das Jahrbuch widmet sich dem zentralen anthropologischen Thema „Wahrnehmung“. Im Fokus der Diskussion steht der Beitrag von Georg Toepfer zu deren Biologie und Anthropologie und zur Frage nach der Kopplung und Entkopplung von Organismus und Umwelt. Für die Interdisziplinäre Anthropologie ist eine systematische Analyse des Phänomens der Wahrnehmung in mehrfacher Hinsicht von geradezu paradigmatischem Charakter, treffen hier doch die klassisch gewordenen philosophischen Theorien auf die experimentell verfahrenden Wissenschaften. Der Inhalt Diskurs • Beiträge • Berichte • Rezensionen • Kalender Die Zielgruppen Philosophen • Anthropologen • Psychologen • Geistes-, Natur-, Religions- und Sozialwissenschaftler Die Herausgeber Dr. Gerald Hartung ist Professor für Philosophie mit den Schwerpunkten Kulturphilosophie/Ästhetik an der Bergischen Universität Wuppertal. Dr. Matthias Herrgen studierte Anthropologie & Philosophie und ist Mitarbeiter am Philosophischen Seminar der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9783658172831
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 185 S. 5 Abb, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Braun, Andreas Christian, 1982 - Latours Existenzweisen und Luhmanns Funktionssysteme
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Sociology ; Social Sciences ; Social sciences ; Sociology ; œaSocial sciences ; œaSociology ; Latour, Bruno 1947-2022 ; Luhmann, Niklas 1927-1998 ; Soziologische Theorie
    Abstract: Andreas Christian Braun schafft mit seinem Vergleich der Theorien von Bruno Latour und Niklas Luhmann einen hohen Mehrwert für die soziologische Theoriebildung. Der Autor zeigt auf, dass sich beide Theoretiker von der Mikro- bis zur Makroebene zu allen Skalen des Sozialen äußern. Die Faszination der beiden Theorien macht aus, dass beide kaum unterschiedlicher sein könnten und, zumindest partiell, kaum mehr Gemeinsamkeiten haben könnten. Eine strukturierte Vergleichsdebatte - die wohl keiner der Theoretiker in dieser Form selbst führen würde - erscheint damit als äußert interessant für die Theorie der Soziologie. Der vorliegende Beitrag macht dazu einen Vorschlag. Der Inhalt Soziologische Metatheorie - Einführung und Ansatz Konturierung der Theorien von Latour und Luhmann Vergleich entlang einer groben Linie: Theoriekonzeption Vergleich entlang einer feinen Linie: Gegenstandsbereiche Eine dialogische Synopse Die Zielgruppen Dozierende und Studierende der Soziologie, Politologie, (Kultur-) Anthropologie, Planungswissenschaft Planer und Planerinnen an der Mensch-Umwelt-Schnittstelle, der Schnittstelle zwischen funktional verschiedenen Bereichen und in der internationalen Zusammenarbeit Der Autor Dr. Andreas Christian Braun ist Junior-Professor für Risikoorientierte Regionalentwicklung am Institut für Regionalwissenschaft (IfR) des Karlsruher Instituts für Technologie (KIT). Er beschäftigt sich mit Interaktionen zwischen funktional und sozio-kulturell unterschiedlichen Akteuren, insbesondere entlang der Mensch-Umwelt Schnittstelle
    Abstract: Soziologische Metatheorie - Einführung und Ansatz -- Konturierung der Theorien von Latour und Luhmann -- Vergleich entlang einer groben Linie: Theoriekonzeption -- Vergleich entlang einer feinen Linie: Gegenstandsbereiche -- Eine dialogische Synopse
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9783658104740
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 278 S. 4 Abb, online resource)
    Edition: 1. Aufl. 2016
    Series Statement: Studien zur Interdisziplinären Anthropologie
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Dem Körper eingeschrieben
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    Keywords: Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Körper ; Kultur ; Anthropologie ; Interdisziplinäre Forschung ; Leiblichkeit ; Phänomenologie
    Abstract: Der Körper-Leib: Phänomenologische Zugänge -- Zwischen Text und Leib: Körpermanipulationen als Einschreibungen? -- Die Leiblichkeit verkörperter Gründe -- Zur historischen Anthropologie von Körperritualen.
    Abstract: Alle kulturellen Praktiken sind verkörpert: Ihnen ist die Spannungseinheit von leiblichem Erleben, physischem Tun und kulturellem Sinn eingeschrieben. Von den Kognitions- bis zu den Kulturwissenschaften ist Verkörperung daher mittlerweile ein zentrales Forschungsthema. Der vorgelegte Band widmet sich in interdisziplinärer Perspektive exemplarischen Praktiken und Ritualen des Körpers und will einem drohenden neuen Dualismus zwischen leiblicher und kultureller Verkörperung entgegenwirken. Biologischer Organismus, bewusstes Erleben und kulturelle Traditionen sollen in ihrer Wechselbezüglichkeit hervortreten und damit sichtbar machen, dass „Sinn“ ein Phänomen ist, das die cartesianische Trennung von Geist und Körper unterläuft. Der Inhalt Der Körper-Leib: Phänomenologische Zugänge • Zwischen Text und Leib: Körpermanipulationen als Einschreibungen? • Die Leiblichkeit verkörperter Gründe • Zur historischen Anthropologie von Körperritualen Die Zielgruppen Philosophen, Kultur-, Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftler, Theologen und Religionswissenschaftler Die Herausgeber Dr. Matthias Jung ist Professor für Rechts- und Moralphilosophie an der Universität Koblenz-Landau. Dr. Michaela Bauks ist Professorin für Bibelwissenschaft (Altes Testament und Religionsgeschichte) an der Universität Koblenz-Landau. Dr. Andre as Ackermann ist Professor für Kulturwissenschaft mit Schwerpunkt Ethnologie an der Universität Koblenz-Landau.
    Description / Table of Contents: Der Körper-Leib: Phänomenologische ZugängeZwischen Text und Leib: Körpermanipulationen als Einschreibungen? -- Die Leiblichkeit verkörperter Gründe -- Zur historischen Anthropologie von Körperritualen.
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9783658100377
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 211 S, online resource)
    Edition: 1. Aufl. 2016
    Series Statement: Technikzukünfte, Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft / Futures of Technology, Science and Society
    Series Statement: Technikzukünfte, Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft / Futures of Technology, Science and Society
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Epigenetik
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    Keywords: Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Epigenetik
    Abstract: Einführung in die Epigenetik -- Zur Beurteilung emergenter Technologien -- Widerlegt die Epigenetik den Gendeterminismus? -- Identität und Nichtidentität -- Genetik, Epigenetik und Formen des Handelns -- Biologische, medizinische, soziale und ethische Herausforderungen -- Der öffentliche Diskurs zur Epigenetik -- Neue Aspekte für die Chemikalienpolitik -- Epigenetik und rechtliche Regulierung -- Epigenetik und Persönlichkeitsschutz -- Ethische Perspektiven auf die Epigenetik -- Epigenetik und Erbsünde.
    Abstract: Innerhalb der letzten zehn Jahre hat sich die Epigenetik als ein Zweig der Molekulargenetik herausgebildet und erlebt einen regelrechten Hype. Die moderne Epigenetik vereint Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler aus den Lebenswissenschaften, der organischen Chemie, der Informatik und den Ingenieurwissenschaften bei der Beantwortung der Frage, wie Umwelteinflüsse die Genexpression langfristig und bis in die folgenden Generationen beeinflussen können. Der Band untersucht die wenig beachteten ethischen, rechtlichen und sozialen Aspekte der Epigenetik aus interdisziplinärer Perspektive. Der Inhalt Einführung in die Epigenetik.- Zur Beurteilung emergenter Technologien.- Widerlegt die Epigenetik den Gendeterminismus?.- Identität und Nichtidentität.- Genetik, Epigenetik und Formen des Handelns.- Biologische, medizinische, soziale und ethische Herausforderungen.- Der öffentliche Diskurs zur Epigenetik.- Neue Aspekte für die Chemikalienpolitik.- Epigenetik und rechtliche Regulierung.- Epigenetik und Persönlichkeitsschutz.- Ethische Perspektiven auf die Epigenetik.- Epigenetik und Erbsünde. Die Zielgruppen Dozierende und Studierende der Wissenschafts- und Technikforschung, Philosophie sowie der Religionswissenschaft Die Herausgeber Reinhard Heil, M.A., Dr. Stefanie B. Seitz und Dr. Harald König sind wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiter am Institut für Technikfolgenabschätzung und Systemanalyse (ITAS) des Karlsruher Instituts für Technologie. Dr. Jürgen Robienski ist Rechtsanwalt sowie wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter am Center for Ethics and Law in the Life Sciences (CELLS) der Leibniz Universität Hannover.
    Description / Table of Contents: Einführung in die EpigenetikZur Beurteilung emergenter Technologien -- Widerlegt die Epigenetik den Gendeterminismus? -- Identität und Nichtidentität -- Genetik, Epigenetik und Formen des Handelns -- Biologische, medizinische, soziale und ethische Herausforderungen -- Der öffentliche Diskurs zur Epigenetik -- Neue Aspekte für die Chemikalienpolitik -- Epigenetik und rechtliche Regulierung -- Epigenetik und Persönlichkeitsschutz -- Ethische Perspektiven auf die Epigenetik -- Epigenetik und Erbsünde.
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9783658110048
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 185 S, online resource)
    Edition: 1. Aufl. 2016
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Uniform Title: Eine erkenntnistheoretische Kritik von Schopenhauers Willensmetaphysik und ihre ethischen Konsequenzen nach Aristoteles
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Carus, David Galbraith Die Gründung des Willensbegriffs
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    Keywords: Philosophy, Ancient ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Modern philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy, Ancient ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Modern philosophy ; Schopenhauer, Arthur 1788-1860 ; Wille ; Aristoteles v384-v322 ; Wille
    Abstract: Schopenhauers Willensvorstellung -- Der Wille bei Aristoteles und die intellektuelle Tugend der Klugheit -- Dritter Hauptteil - Die Ethik ist keine Moralität: Die negativen Konsequenzen der aristotelischen Willenskonzeption für die Erfassung und Beurteilung des Handlungsprinzips.
    Abstract: Mit diesem Werk wird zum ersten Mal der Willensbegriff gegründet, indem der intellektuelle Wille im Unterschied und in Erweiterung von einem rein vorstellenden rationalen Willen deutlich erfasst wird. Es wird im Verhältnis zu den anderen Strebevermögen gezeigt, dass der intellektuelle Wille das Strebevermögen des Menschen vervollkommnet und somit das Gute der Praxis im erkennenden Subjekt liegt. Im ersten Teil wird der Wille als Strebevermögen bei Arthur Schopenhauer analysiert, um in einer Kritik aufzuweisen, dass der Wille ein rationales Strebevermögen ist. Im nächsten Schritt wird der rationale und gute Wille bei Aristoteles in seiner Bedingtheit durch die intellektuelle Tugend der Klugheit aufgezeigt und nachgewiesen, dass der intellektuelle Wille in Abgrenzung von einem vorstellenden rationalen Willen von Aristoteles nicht hinreichend erfasst worden ist. Abschließend wird erklärt, dass die sittliche Tugend kein Prinzip der Moralität sein kann und allein der intellektuelle Wille das Prinzip des Guten abgibt. Der Inhalt Schopenhauers Willenskonzeption.- Der Wille bei Aristoteles und die intellektuelle Tugend der Klugheit.- Die negativen Konsequenzen der aristotelischen Klugheits- und daher Willensbestimmung für die Erfassung und Bestimmung des Prinzips der Praxis Die Zielgruppen Dozierende und Studierende der Philosophie Der Autor Dr. D. G. Carus ist Philosoph und Übersetzer der englischen Ausgabe von Schopenhauers "Welt als Wille u nd Vorstellung".
    Description / Table of Contents: Schopenhauers WillensvorstellungDer Wille bei Aristoteles und die intellektuelle Tugend der Klugheit -- Dritter Hauptteil - Die Ethik ist keine Moralität: Die negativen Konsequenzen der aristotelischen Willenskonzeption für die Erfassung und Beurteilung des Handlungsprinzips.
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer VS
    ISBN: 9783658126780
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 142 S. 1 Abb. in Farbe, online resource)
    Edition: 1. Aufl. 2016
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Widdau, Christoph Sebastian, 1983 - Cassirers Leibniz und die Begründung der Menschenrechte
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    Keywords: Philosophy ; Ethics ; Political science ; Political philosophy ; Philosophy ; Ethics ; Political science ; Political philosophy ; Hochschulschrift ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 ; Cassirer, Ernst 1874-1945 ; Menschenrecht ; Philosophie
    Abstract: Cassirer, Leibniz und der Gedankenkreis der Menschenrechte -- Der Sinn von »Natur« im Naturrecht -- Die Behauptung des Individuums -- Kultur und der Pluralismus politischer Ordnungen.
    Abstract: Christoph Sebastian Widdau leistet mit seinem Buch einen innovativen Beitrag zur Cassirer-Forschung, zu den Leibniz-Studien und zur Begründung der Menschenrechte. Er wirft ein ideengeschichtlich und philosophisch neues Licht auf die »Natur« im Naturrecht, die kulturelle Bedeutung des Individuums und den Pluralismus politischer Ordnungen. Mit »Cassirers Leibniz« zeigt Widdau auf, dass Menschenrechte kein beliebiger Zusatz zur Kultur, sondern vielmehr kulturkonstitutiv sind. Der Inhalt Cassirer, Leibniz und der Gedankenkreis der Menschenrechte Der Sinn von »Natur« im Naturrecht Die Behauptung des Individuums Kultur und der Pluralismus politischer Ordnungen Die Zielgruppen Dozierende und Studierende der Philosophie und der Politikwissenschaft Politiker, Menschenrechtsaktivisten und Lehrer der Schulfächer Philosophie und Sozialkunde Der Autor Christoph Sebastian Widdau, Philosoph und Politikwissenschaftler, ist wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter an der Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Potsdam.
    Description / Table of Contents: Cassirer, Leibniz und der Gedankenkreis der MenschenrechteDer Sinn von »Natur« im Naturrecht -- Die Behauptung des Individuums -- Kultur und der Pluralismus politischer Ordnungen.
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  • 30
    ISBN: 9783658131142
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 285 S. 3 Abb, online resource)
    Edition: 1. Aufl. 2016
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Reiske, Roland, 1966 - Das Phänomen des Vertrauens
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    Keywords: Vertrauen ; Philosophie ; Wirtschaftsphilosophie ; Interdisziplinäre Forschung ; Wirtschaftstheorie ; Philosophy ; Philosophy and social sciences ; Political philosophy ; Sociology ; Vertrauen ; Philosophie ; Wirtschaftsphilosophie ; Wirtschaftstheorie
    Abstract: Entwicklung einer eigenständigen, realistischen und leistungsstarken Vertrauensauffassung -- Historische Untersuchungen von Phänomenen bzw. Vehikeln des Vertrauens -- Freiheits-Einschränkungen als Kernproblem des Vertrauens.
    Abstract: In diesem Buch wird eine neue, realistische und leistungsstarke Auffassung des Vertrauens entwickelt, die es erlaubt, beliebige Vertrauensverhältnisse zu analysieren und damit zu gestalten. Es wird dargelegt, dass Vertrauen sich stets auf Freiheitseinschränkungen bezieht, es stets an Bedingungen gebunden ist und die Vortäuschung von Vertrauenswürdigkeit weit verbreitet ist. Diese Vertrauens-Konzeption leitet sich aus eingehenden Untersuchungen entsprechender Phänomene und einer intensiven Auseinandersetzung mit der einschlägigen Literatur her. Damit ist es möglich, auf Vertrauen basierende soziale Beziehungen besser zu verstehen als bisher. Durch den Einbezug einer Zeichentheorie besitzt diese Auffassung Züge einer Erkenntnistheorie sozialer Beziehungen. Der Inhalt Entwicklung einer eigenständigen, realistischen und leistungsstarken Vertrauensauffassung Historische Untersuchungen von Phänomenen bzw. Vehikeln des VertrauensFreiheits-Einschränkungen als Kernproblem des Vertrauens Die Zielgruppen Dozierende und Studierende der Philosophie, Soziologie, Wirtschaft, Medizin Praktiker aus den Bereichen Wirtschaft, Verantwortliche in Organisationen/Institutionen, Produktverantwortliche und Verbraucherschützer Der Autor Roland Reiske ist als selbstständiger Versicherungsmakler tätig und seit einigen Jahren auch Lehrbeauftragter für Philosophie an der Universität Rostock.
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  • 31
    ISBN: 9783658104832
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 276 S. 4 Abb, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
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    Keywords: Philosophy ; Epistemology ; Philosophy of mind ; Sociology ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of mind
    Abstract: Alfonsina Scarinzi untersucht die Funktion von Themen als Grundbausteine fiktionaler Literatur. Die Themenforschung sitzt wegen ihres außerliterarischen, überlieferungsfähigen und kulturübergreifenden Charakters an der Schnittstelle zwischen Geistes- und Kognitionswissenschaft. Die Autorin vertritt die These, dass ein Thema der Literatur als kognitiv-emotionales Gebilde bei der Textverarbeitung eine Brücke zwischen der fiktionalen Textwelt und der nicht-fiktionalen Welt des Lesers schlägt. Im Buch diskutiert sie, wie Manifestness, Interessenerregung, Verfremdung, Bedeutungsmaximierung und Probehandeln die thematische Informationsselektion beeinflussen. Als kognitiv-emotionale und stilistische Mittel erfüllen sie die Funktion, eine literarisch relevante, aus einem Hauptthema und verschiedenen Nebenthemen bestehende Hierarchie zu bestimmen. Der Inhalt Zur außerliterarischen Natur des Themas Das Thema als Wissensstruktur mit und ohne Repräsentation Themen, anthropologische Konstanten, Außergewöhnliches Thematische Bedeutung, Emotionen, moralische Bewertung Über die poetische Funktion der Sprache hinaus: Literarizität und Kognition Ästhetisch, literarisch und andere rätselhafte Bestimmungen Die Zielgruppen Dozierende und Studierende der Kognitionswissenschaft, Linguistik, Kognitiven Literaturwissenschaft, Anthropologie, Psychologie, Philosophie des Geistes, Evolutionspsychologie, Ästhetik, Cognitive Poetics Die Autorin Dr. phil. Alfonsina Scarinzi ist Mitglied des EU Kompetenznetzwerkes EUCog III (European Society for Cognitive Systems). Sie leitet das von ihr ins Leben gerufene interdisziplinäre Projekt „Aesthetics and the Embodied Mind“.
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  • 32
    Online Resource
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    Wiesbaden : Springer VS
    ISBN: 9783658128968
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 437 S. 40 Abb., 19 Abb. in Farbe, online resource)
    Series Statement: Kunst und Gesellschaft
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Religion and culture ; Mass media ; Social Sciences ; Arts ; Aesthetics ; Communication ; Sociology ; Culture. ; Social sciences ; Arts ; Aesthetics ; Religion and culture ; Communication ; Sociology ; Mass media ; Ästhetisches Handeln
    Abstract: „... und dass sie in ihrem Studium auch immer so eigenartige Projekte macht.“- Ästhetische Praxis: Selbstentgrenzung der Künste oder Entkunstung der Kunst?- Die Idee der Partizipation und der Begriff der Praxis -- ‚Mord‘ an der Kunst. Zur Verweigerungslogik in der Kunst der Gegenwart -- „Das ist doch keine Kunst – Das kann ich auch“ -- John Heartfields Fotomontagen: Künstlerische Selbstentgrenzung im Kontext der fotografischen Reproduktion der Illustrierten Zeitungen -- Zirkularität der Kunst. Künstlerische Praxis als Überschreibung des städtischen Raumes -- Strukturen probierter Entgrenzung. Zur Analyse kultureller Erneuerungsdynamiken -- Industrial Music Culture: Negation und Selbstentgrenzung in den Musik- und Körperprojekten von Genesis (Breyer) P-Orridge -- Do (not) press – Sofortbildfotografie in Alltag, Kunst und Wissenschaft. Grenzverläufe ästhetischer Praxen -- Vollends. Ästhetische Praxis und das richtige Leben -- Der Blick hinter die ‚Totenmaske der Konzeption‘. Im Unfertigen unterwegs – ohne und mit Publikum -- Ästhetische Praxis als Dialog -- Religionssoziologische Überlegungen zur ästhetischen Lebensführung -- Grenzen der Kunst. Eine begriffliche und empirische Kritik an der Diagnose des „ästhetischen Kapitalismus“ bei Andreas Reckwitz -- Die Grenzen der Entgrenzung. Immaterielle, kognitive und ästhetische Arbeit und eine Kritik der Entgrenzungsthese -- Wenn Kunst zum Ereignis wird. Eine Kritik der ästhetischen Praxis erlebnisorientierter Museen -- Ästhetische Praxis als soziale Praxis. Konstitution des Sozialen durch Kampfkunst-Training -- SozialwissenschaftlerInnen und KünstlerInnen? Das Beispiel lyrischer SoziologInnen.
    Abstract: Die bis in unsere Gegenwart hineinreichende Gewissheit, dass es sich bei ästhetischer Praxis um die Praxis von Künstlern und die Wahrnehmung von Kunst durch ein Publikum handeln müsse, ist brüchig geworden. Eine Reihe von Indizien legen den Schluss nahe, dass der Bereich ästhetischer Praktiken und das Kunstfeld in der Gesellschaft eine nur noch partiale Deckung aufweisen. Beispiele für ästhetische Praktiken finden sich in der Mode, der Werbung und dem Design ebenso wie in den neuen Medien sowie in der Musik- und Videospielindustrie. Aber auch Kosmetik-Ketten und Parfümerien, Schönheitschirurgen, Tätowierungsshops, Büros für Inneneinrichtung- und Landschaftsarchitektur, Blumenläden, Wellnessbetriebe annoncieren ihre Produkte und Dienstleistungen als ästhetisch. Angesichts des sowohl rasant steigenden Gebrauchs des Adjektivs ‚ästhetisch’ in der alltäglichen Lebenspraxis als auch des vermehrten wissenschaftlichen Bedürfnisses, das ‚Ästhetische’ an (bis dato) unverdächtigen Stellen in der Gesellschaft nachzuweisen, sind die Beiträge dieses Bandes entlang einer Leitfragestellung organisiert: Soll man das verstärkte Aufkommen ästhetischer Praktiken in der Gesellschaft in einer eher kulturwissenschaftlichen und -soziologischen Perspektive verstehen und also als eine „Selbstentgrenzung der Künste“? Oder zieht man dazu besser eine zwar nur äußerst selten gebrauchte, nichtsdestotrotz ebenso einprägsame wie aufschlussreiche Formel Adornos heran und begreift die Ästhetisierung der Gesellschaft als eine „Entkunstung der Kunst“? Der Inhalt • Selbstentgrenzung der Künste? • Entkunstung der Kunst? Die Zielgruppen Kunst- und Kultursoziologen, Kunst- und Kulturwissenschaftler, Kunst- und Kulturinteressierte Die Herausgeber Dr. Michael Kauppert ist apl. Professor an der Universität Hildesheim. Heidrun Eberl ist an der Hochschule für Musik, Theater und Medien Hannover tätig.
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  • 33
    ISBN: 9783658106072
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 374 S. 1 Abb, online resource)
    Edition: 1. Aufl. 2016
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Streubel, Thorsten, 1975 - Kritik der philosophischen Vernunft
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    Keywords: Philosophy of mind ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Phenomenology ; Philosophie ; Methodologie ; Philosophische Anthropologie
    Abstract: Zur Kritik der philosophischen Vernunft -- Philosophie als strenge Wissenschaft -- Das Gehirnparadoxon -- Die Methode der Philosophie -- Aletheiologie -- Die Frage nach dem Menschen -- Grundsätze der Fundamentalanthropologie -- Das Gehirn-Geist-Problem.
    Abstract: Die vorliegende Arbeit möchte anhand des Gehirn-Geist-Problems zeigen, warum eine radikale methodologische Neubegründung der Philosophie notwendig ist. Sie umfasst zwei Teile: Im ersten Teil wird eine philosophische Methode und Methodologie im engeren Sinne begründet und ausgearbeitet, im zweiten Teil eine hieraus folgende begriffliche Neubestimmung des Menschseins (in Form einer Fundamentalanthropologie) unternommen. Anders als in der platonisch-cartesianischen Tradition und im gegenwärtigen Naturalismus wird der Mensch hierbei nicht auf ein (Körper) oder zwei Aspekte (Körper und Geist) reduziert, sondern als das komplexe Zusammenspiel von sechs Grundmomenten (Anthropoialien) verstanden. Neben Körper und Geistigkeit sind dies: der Leib, die Umwelt, das Erleben und das Ich. Durch diese holistische Beschreibung gelingt dann auch eine originelle Auflösung des Gehirn-Geist-Problems. Der Inhalt Zur Kritik der philosophischen Vernunft • Philosophie als strenge Wissenschaft • Das Gehirnparadoxon • Die Methode der Philosophie • Aletheiologie • Die Frage nach dem Menschen • Grundsätze der Fundamentalanthropologie • Das Gehirn-Geist-Problem Die Zielgruppen Studierende und Wissenschaftler der Philosophie, Anth ropologie, Medizin und Psychologie Der Autor PD Dr. Thorsten Streubel ist Privatdozent und Lehrbeauftragter am Institut für Philosophie an der Freien Universität Berlin. .
    Description / Table of Contents: Zur Kritik der philosophischen VernunftPhilosophie als strenge Wissenschaft -- Das Gehirnparadoxon -- Die Methode der Philosophie -- Aletheiologie -- Die Frage nach dem Menschen.- Grundsätze der Fundamentalanthropologie -- Das Gehirn-Geist-Problem.
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer VS
    ISBN: 9783658081522
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 382 S. 15 Abb, online resource)
    Series Statement: Anthropologie – Technikphilosophie – Gesellschaft
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Poser, Hans, 1937 - 2022 Homo creator
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    Keywords: Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Technikphilosophie ; Technikphilosophie
    Abstract: Ontologie und Anthropologie der Technik -- Technik und Erkenntnis -- Entwerfen -- Zur Wissenschaftstheorie der Technikwissenschaften -- Werte.
    Abstract: Technik bestimmt auf die mannigfaltigste Weise unser Leben und Zusammenleben. Obgleich sie von Platon und Aristoteles bis in das zwanzigste Jahrhundert in Einzelaspekten betrachtet worden ist, wurde sie erst in den letzten Jahrzehnten zu einem eigenständigen Gegenstand der Philosophie. Dennoch werden ihre philosophischen Probleme immer noch eher beiläufig behandelt. So geht es um die Klärung ganz zentraler und herausfordernder Aufgaben – von der menschlichen Schöpferkraft über eine Klärung, was ein technisches Artefakt ist, zum technischen Wissen, in all diesen Elementen verknüpft mit dem Verantwortungsproblem. Das Ziel ist eine Darstellung dieser faszinierenden philosophischen Fragen vor dem Hintergrund der Tradition. Der Inhalt Ontologie und Anthropologie der Technik.- Technik und Erkenntnis.- Entwerfen.- Zur Wissenschaftstheorie der Technikwissenschaften.- Werte Die Zielgruppen Dozierende und Studierende der Philosophie und Technikwissenschaften Der Autor Prof. Dr. Hans Poser lehrt Philosophie an der TU Berlin.
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  • 35
    ISBN: 9783658102869
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 338 S, online resource)
    Edition: 2. Aufl. 2016
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Jansen, Ludger, 1969 - Tun und Können
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    Keywords: Philosophy ; Philosophy, Ancient ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Metaphysics ; Aristoteles 9 v384-v322 Metaphysica ; Dynamis
    Abstract: Vorwort -- 1. Können, Tun und Möglichkeit. Eine Einführung -- 2. Die kausale Dimension von Vermögen (V 12, IX 1) -- 3. Die ontologische Dimension von Vermögen (IX 6) -- 4. Megariker, Konsistenz und Vermögen: Eine notwendige Bedingung für Vermögen (IX 3-4) -- 5. Hindernisse und Verwirklichung (IX 5, 7) -- 6. Prioritätsfragen (IX 8-9) -- 7. Zusammenfassung und Ausblick -- Anhang -- Nachwort zur zweiten Auflage.
    Abstract: Tun und Können Tun und Können erläutert und diskutiert den Gründungstext der Modalontologie: das neunte Buch der Metaphysik des Aristoteles. Aristoteles’ Thesen und Argumente werden zum ersten Mal in Gänze mit formalen analytischen Mitteln rekonstruiert und auf ihre Kohärenz und Gültigkeit geprüft. Erstmals verwendet der Autor dazu eine adverbiale Analyse von Ausdrücken des Könnens und des Vermögens als Prädikatmodifikatoren. Das Buch zeigt, dass Aristoteles’ Theorie der Vermögen nicht nur eine konsistente, sondern auch eine leistungsfähige Analyse von Dispositionen und Dispositionsprädikaten bietet. Die Neuausgabe wurde vollständig durchgesehen und um weiterführende Anhänge ergänzt. Der Inhalt Können, Tun und Möglichkeit. Eine Einführung • Die kausale Dimension von Vermögen • Die ontologische Dimension von Vermögen• Eine notwendige Bedingung für Vermögen • Hindernisse und Verwirklichung • Prioritätsfragen • Aristotle’s Theory of Dispositions • Das Problem des Neuen • Planners, Deciders, Performers Zielgruppen Philosophen, Altphilologen, Ideenhistoriker Der Autor PD Dr. Ludger Jansen lehrt Philosophie an den Universitäten Münster und Rostock.
    Description / Table of Contents: Vorwort1. Können, Tun und Möglichkeit. Eine Einführung -- 2. Die kausale Dimension von Vermögen (V 12, IX 1) -- 3. Die ontologische Dimension von Vermögen (IX 6) -- 4. Megariker, Konsistenz und Vermögen: Eine notwendige Bedingung für Vermögen (IX 3-4) -- 5. Hindernisse und Verwirklichung (IX 5, 7) -- 6. Prioritätsfragen (IX 8-9) -- 7. Zusammenfassung und Ausblick -- Anhang -- Nachwort zur zweiten Auflage.
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  • 36
    ISBN: 9783658117870
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 787 S. 54 Abb, online resource)
    Edition: 1. Aufl. 2016
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Schmohl, Tobias Persuasion unter Komplexitätsbedingungen
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    Keywords: Mass media ; Philosophy ; Philosophy and social sciences ; Education Philosophy ; Sociology ; Communication ; Philosophy ; Philosophy and social sciences ; Education Philosophy ; Sociology ; Communication ; Mass media ; Hochschulschrift ; Beeinflussung ; Komplexität ; Rhetorik ; Systemtheorie
    Abstract: Text 4. Umschlagseite Tobias Schmohl befasst sich anhand einer grundlagentheoretisch-konzeptuellen Analyse mit dem rhetorischen Steuerungsbegriff, auf dem das klassische fundamentalrhetorische Persuasionsparadigma aufbaut. Er arbeitet zunächst die Basisprämissen heraus, die für dieses Konzept konstitutiv sind, um den eingeschränkten Geltungsbereich der traditionellen Persuasionsvorstellungen sowie die konzeptionellen Limitationen der implizierten Steuerungskonzeption angesichts kommunikativer Komplexitätsbedingungen aufzuzeigen. Vor dem Hintergrund der autopoietischen Systemtheorie werden Anschlussstellen für eine konzeptionelle Erweiterung des rhetorischen Steuerungskonzepts identifiziert und Orientierungshypothesen für eine programmatische Neuformulierung der rhetorischen Persuasionskategorie mit Blick auf Kommunikationssettings der modernen Gesellschaft abgeleitet. Der Inhalt Präliminarien Steuerung als systemtheoretisches, rhetorisches Problem und integratives Konzept Auswertung & forschungsstrategische Positionierung Ausblick: Wie weiter in der Rhetoriktheorie? Die Zielgruppen Wissenschaftler, Studierende und Praktizierende der Kommunikationswissenschaften, Philosophie, Bildungswissenschaften und Soziologie Der Autor Tobias Schmohl arbeitet am Hamburger Zentrum für universitäres Lehren und Lernen (H|U|L) an der Schnittstelle von Rhetorik als Vermittlungswissenschaft und Bildungsphilosophie. Seine Forschungsschwerpunkte liegen in den Bereichen der Fundamentalrhetorik sowie der Persuasions- und Bildungstheorie.
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  • 37
    ISBN: 9783658099312
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 256 S, online resource)
    Edition: 1. Aufl. 2016
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Hirsch, Michael, 1966 - Die Überwindung der Arbeitsgesellschaft
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    Keywords: Philosophy ; Political theory ; Political economy ; Philosophy and social sciences ; Political philosophy ; Philosophy ; Political theory ; Political economy ; Philosophy and social sciences ; Political philosophy ; Arbeitswelt ; Lebenswelt ; Sozialphilosophie ; Sozialphilosophie ; Arbeitswelt
    Abstract: I. ARBEIT, STAAT UND SYMBOLISCHE GEWALT -- II. BEGRIFF UND KRITIK DER ARBEITSGESELLSCHAFT -- III. ENTPOLITISIERUNG DER SOZIALEN FRAGE, STAAT DER ARBEITSBESCHAFFUNG UND REGIERUNG SOZIALER UNSICHERHEIT -- IV. FORTSCHRITTLICHE ALTERNATIVEN: GRUNDEINKOMMEN UND ALLGEMEINE ARBEITSZEITVERKÜRZUNG -- V. ARBEIT UND GESCHLECHT – ARBEITSWELT, LEBENSWELT UND UMWELT -- VI. DIE ARBEIT DER KULTUR -- VII. DIE ÜBERWINDUNG DER ARBEITSGESELLSCHAFT.
    Abstract: Wer den krisenhaften Stillstand unserer Gegenwart verstehen will, findet in diesem Buch nicht nur eine bestechende Kritik der Arbeitsgesellschaft, ihrer ideologischen Grundlagen und politischen Funktionslogik, sondern auch den Grundriss einer aufregenden emanzipatorischen Alternative. Das Festhalten an der Hegemonie der Erwerbsarbeit hat eine Ideologie der Beschäftigung und einen Staat der Arbeitsbeschaffung hervorgebracht. Der Autor analysiert diese Festlegung als zentralen Entwicklungsengpass der Gesellschaft. Vor diesem Hintergrund deutet er den Begriff der Arbeit neu und plädiert für eine Sozialordnung, die auf allgemeiner Arbeitszeitverkürzung und einem bedingungslosen Grundeinkommen beruht. Mit dieser Alternative vor Augen kann der Leser sehen, wie sich zahlreiche Dilemmata der Arbeits- und Sozialpolitik, der Familien- und Geschlechterpolitik, der Bildungs-, Wissenschafts- und Kulturpolitik, ja sogar der intellektuellen Arbeit selbst auflösen lassen und einer befreienden Praxis weichen können. Der Inhalt Arbeit, Staat und symbolische Gewalt • Begriff und Kritik der Arbeitsgesellschaft • Entpolitisierung der sozialen Frage, Staat der Arbeitsbeschaffung und Regierung sozialer Unsicherheit • Fortschrittliche Alternativen: Grundeinkommen und allgemeine Arbeitszeitverkürzung • Arbeit und Geschlecht • Arbeitswelt, Lebenswelt und Umwelt • Die Arbeit der Kultur • Die Überwindung de r Arbeitsgesellschaft Die Zielgruppen Dozierende und Studierende der Philosophie, Soziologie, Politikwissenschaft, Geschichte und Wirtschaftswissenschaften Der Autor Dr. Michael Hirsch ist Privatdozent für Politische Theorie und Ideengeschichte an der Universität Siegen, Dozent an der Münchner Volkshochschule und freier Autor.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. ARBEIT, STAAT UND SYMBOLISCHE GEWALTII. BEGRIFF UND KRITIK DER ARBEITSGESELLSCHAFT -- III. ENTPOLITISIERUNG DER SOZIALEN FRAGE, STAAT DER ARBEITSBESCHAFFUNG UND REGIERUNG SOZIALER UNSICHERHEIT -- IV. FORTSCHRITTLICHE ALTERNATIVEN: GRUNDEINKOMMEN UND ALLGEMEINE ARBEITSZEITVERKÜRZUNG -- V. ARBEIT UND GESCHLECHT - ARBEITSWELT, LEBENSWELT UND UMWELT -- VI. DIE ARBEIT DER KULTUR -- VII. DIE ÜBERWINDUNG DER ARBEITSGESELLSCHAFT.
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9783658122522
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 266 S. 3 Abb, online resource)
    Edition: 1. Aufl. 2016
    Series Statement: Studien der NRW School of Governance
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Ezazi, Gordian, 1986 - Ethikräte in der Politik
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    Keywords: Philosophy ; Comparative politics ; Public policy ; Ethics ; Philosophy ; Comparative politics ; Public policy ; Ethics ; Hochschulschrift ; Deutscher Ethikrat ; Politische Entscheidung ; Politische Ethik
    Abstract: Der Deutsche Ethikrat in politischen Entscheidungsprozessen -- Theoretische Deutungsmuster politischer Ethikräte -- Ethische Politikberatung.
    Abstract: Bei diesem Werk handelt es sich um die erste umfassende Untersuchung des Deutschen Ethikrates. Das Haupterkenntnisinteresse liegt dabei auf dessen Arbeitsweise, Selbstverständnis und Funktion in politischen Entscheidungsprozessen. Um diese erklären zu können, greift Gordian Ezazi zum einen auf interdisziplinäre theoretische Deutungsmuster politischer Ethikräte und zum anderen auf empirisches Interviewmaterial mit den Mitgliedern des Ethikrates selbst zurück. Der Inhalt •Der Deutsche Ethikrat in politischen Entscheidungsprozessen •Theoretische Deutungsmuster politischer Ethikräte •Ethische Politikberatung Die Zielgruppen •Studierende, Lehrende und Wissenschaftler der Sozial- und Gesellschaftswissenschaften, insbesondere der Politikwissenschaft, der Politischen Soziologie, der (ethischen) Politikberatung und den anwendungsorientierten Bereichsethiken (Bio- und Medizinethik)〈 •Praktizierende aus den Bereichen der Politik, Politikberatung und Angewandten Ethik Der Autor Dr. Gordian Ezazi ist wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter am Institut für Politikwissenschaft der Universität Duisburg-Essen. Zuvor war er Promotionsstipendiat der Welker-Stiftung und Stiftung Mercator an der NRW School of Governance.
    Description / Table of Contents: Der Deutsche Ethikrat in politischen EntscheidungsprozessenTheoretische Deutungsmuster politischer Ethikräte -- Ethische Politikberatung.
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer VS
    ISBN: 9783658103194
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 117 S. 2 Abb. in Farbe, online resource)
    Edition: 1. Aufl. 2016
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Italienische Moralphilosophie
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    Keywords: Philosophy ; Ethics ; Philosophy ; Ethics ; Ethik
    Abstract: Mit Texten von Manlio Sgalambro, Graziella Berto, Carlo Sini, Aldo Masullo, Silvano Demarchi und Salvatore Lavecchia -- Die Furie des Guten -- Die Ethik des Unheimlichen -- Seel, Text, Praxis -- Postmoderner Nihilismus -- Moral als neue Metaphysik -- „Vergöttlichung“ i Zeitalter des Cyberplatonismus -- Nachwort -- Weiterführende Literatur. .
    Abstract: Dieses Buch enthält sechs Aufsätze namhafter italienischer Philosophen und Schriftsteller. Sie präsentieren auf klare und allgemeinverständliche Weise Schlüsselpositionen der heutigen italienischen Moralphilosophie. Den Aufsätzen beigegeben sind eine Einleitung sowie eine kurze Würdigung des italienischen Denkens des Moralischen durch den Übersetzer und Herausgeber Roland Benedikter. Der Inhalt Mit Texten von Manlio Sgalambro, Graziella Berto, Carlo Sini, Aldo Masullo, Silvano Demarchi und Salvatore Lavecchia. Die Zielgruppen Studierende, Lehrende und Wissenschaftler der Philosophie Politiker Meinungsmacher Der Herausgeber Roland Benedikter ist Research Scholar am Orfalea Center for Global and International Studies der University of California, Santa Barbara, Full Academic Fellow des Potomac Institute for Policy Studies Washington DC, Trustee der Toynbee Prize Foundation Boston und Vollmitglied des Club of Rome.
    Description / Table of Contents: Mit Texten von Manlio Sgalambro, Graziella Berto, Carlo Sini, Aldo Masullo, Silvano Demarchi und Salvatore LavecchiaDie Furie des Guten -- Die Ethik des Unheimlichen -- Seel, Text, Praxis -- Postmoderner Nihilismus -- Moral als neue Metaphysik -- „Vergöttlichung“ i Zeitalter des Cyberplatonismus -- Nachwort -- Weiterführende Literatur. .
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9783658104870
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 136 Seiten)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Gewaltfreiheit, Politik und Toleranz im Islam
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    Keywords: Religion and culture ; Philosophy ; Ethics ; Religion Philosophy ; Culture. ; Philosophy ; Ethics ; Religion Philosophy ; Religion and culture ; Islam ; Politik ; Toleranz ; Gewaltlosigkeit ; Friedensethik
    Abstract: Warum als Christ den Dialog mit dem Islam verteidigen? -- Warum ein Muslim / eine Muslima nur einen radikal gewaltlosen, demokratischen Weg gehen kann -- Der Prophet, seine Offenbarung und Sendung -- Das islamische Recht – Quellen – Genese – Niedergang -- Warum der Islam kein originäres politisches System entwickelt hat -- Toleranz im Islam - ein religiös begründetes Wertesystem -- Die Demokratisierung der muslimischen Welt -- Sulha – Gewaltfreie traditionelle Konfliktbeilegung am Beispiel der palästinensischen Praxis -- Eine Ethik der Gewaltlosigkeit – Ein Ansatz des syrischen Gelehrten Jawdat Sa’id -- Ein Leben für die Gewaltlosigkeit: Abu Ghaffar Khan.
    Abstract: Der Islam gilt seit dem 11. September 2001 vielfach als eine gewalttätige Religion. Das fordert dazu heraus, sich mit dem kulturellen und religiösen Erbe des Islam gründlicher zu befassen. Die Autoren beschreiben eine im Westen weitgehend unbekannte Seite des Islam, die sich durch den Glauben, das Recht und den frühen Fortschrittsglauben der muslimischen Gelehrten entfalten konnte. Trotz des Niederganges der islamischen Rechtsprechung, der schari'a, und der Verhärtung des Glaubens hat sich die traditionelle Toleranz des Islam anderen Religionen gegenüber, erhalten. Moderne islamische Theologen treten für Gewaltlosigkeit ein. Der Inhalt Der Prophet, seine Offenbarung und Sendung.- Das islamische Recht.- Warum der Islam kein originäres politisches System entwickelt hat.- Toleranz im Islam.- Die Demokratisierung der muslimischen Welt.- u.a. Die Zielgruppen Dozierende und Studierende der Politik- und Religionswissenschaften, Soziologie, Geschichte und Philosophie Die Herausgeber Jörgen Klußmann ist Studienleiter an der Evangelischen Akademie im Rheinland und nebenberuflich Coach und Trainer für soziokulturelle und religiöse Sensibilisierung. Muhammed Sameer Murtaza ist Islam- und Politikwissenschaftler und Buchautor und arbeitet u.a. für die Stiftung Weltethos. Dr. Holger -C. Rohne war in Palästina in einem Forschungsprojekt tätig und arbeitet heute als Anwalt in Heidelberg . Dr. Yahya Wardak ist Arzt und Vorsitzender des Afghanistan Information Centre und von Afghanic e.V. .
    Description / Table of Contents: Warum als Christ den Dialog mit dem Islam verteidigen?Warum ein Muslim / eine Muslima nur einen radikal gewaltlosen, demokratischen Weg gehen kann -- Der Prophet, seine Offenbarung und Sendung -- Das islamische Recht - Quellen - Genese - Niedergang -- Warum der Islam kein originäres politisches System entwickelt hat -- Toleranz im Islam - ein religiös begründetes Wertesystem -- Die Demokratisierung der muslimischen Welt -- Sulha - Gewaltfreie traditionelle Konfliktbeilegung am Beispiel der palästinensischen Praxis -- Eine Ethik der Gewaltlosigkeit - Ein Ansatz des syrischen Gelehrten Jawdat Sa’id -- Ein Leben für die Gewaltlosigkeit: Abu Ghaffar Khan.
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9783658109783
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 288 S, online resource)
    Edition: 1. Aufl. 2016
    Series Statement: Interdisziplinäre Anthropologie
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
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    Keywords: Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Religiosität ; Ritual ; Interdisziplinäre Forschung ; Philosophische Anthropologie
    Abstract: Diskurs: The Ritual Origins of Humanity -- Forschung -- Beiträge -- Projekte -- Rezensionen -- Kalender.
    Abstract: Religion, das Phänomen des Religiösen, Religiosität als Verhaltensweise sowie die vielfältigen Formen religiöser Praxis stehen im Zentrum wissenschaftlicher Debatten und alltäglicher sozialpolitischer Diskussionen über die Grenzbestimmungen von Kulturen, Gesellschaften und Individuen. Dieser Band versammelt Beiträge aus den Natur-, Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften, um einen interdisziplinären Dialog zum Thema Religiosität zu eröffnen. Der Diskursteil enthält einen Hauptbeitrag, Kommentare aus unterschiedlichen Fachgebieten sowie eine Replik. Komplettiert wird das Jahrbuch mit den Rubriken „Forschung“, „Beiträge“, „Projekte“, „Rezensionen“ und „Kalender“, die allesamt zur Diskussionslandschaft einer Interdisziplinären Anthropologie beitragen. Der Inhalt Diskurs: The Ritual Origins of Humanity • Forschung • Beiträge • Projekte • Rezensionen • Kalender Die Zielgruppen Philosophen • Anthropologen • Psychologen • Geistes-, Natur-, Religions- und Sozialwissenschaftler Die Herausgeber Prof. Dr. Gerald Hartung ist Professor für Philosophie mit den Schwerpunkten Kulturphilosophie/Ästhetik an der Bergischen Universität Wuppertal. Dr. Matthias Herrgen studierte Anthropologie & Philosophie und ist Mitarbeiter am Philosophischen Seminar der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster.
    Description / Table of Contents: Diskurs: The Ritual Origins of HumanityForschung -- Beiträge -- Projekte -- Rezensionen -- Kalender.
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  • 42
    ISBN: 9783658123178
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 171 S. 18 Abb, online resource)
    Edition: 1. Aufl. 2016
    Series Statement: Palliative Care und Forschung
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Junge Menschen sprechen mit sterbenden Menschen
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    Keywords: Education ; Political communication ; Medical education ; Social sciences ; Education ; Political communication ; Medical education ; Social sciences ; Tod ; Jugend ; Einstellung ; Gespräch ; Sterbender ; Projekt
    Abstract: Typenbildung in der empirischen Sozialforschung -- Das Diskursprojekt „30 junge Menschen sprechen mit sterbenden Menschen …“ -- Erfahrungsbasierte Einstellungsänderungen junger Menschen zum Lebensende.
    Abstract: Die AutorInnen stellen eine existenzphilosophische Untersuchung in den Mittelpunkt: Was bedeutet es für das Leben des lebenden Menschen, dass er eines Tages sterben muss? Sie haben zu diesem Zweck ermittelt, wie sich die Einstellung junger Menschen zur Endlichkeit des eigenen Lebens durch Gespräche mit einem sterbenden Menschen ändert. Die Forschungsergebnisse zeigen, worin der existenzielle Sinn des Faktums der Endlichkeit für das Leben besteht. Der Inhalt Typenbildung in der empirischen Sozialforschung Das Diskursprojekt „30 junge Menschen sprechen mit sterbenden Menschen …“ Erfahrungsbasierte Einstellungsänderungen junger Menschen zum Lebensende Die Zielgruppen Dozierende und Studierende der Gesundheits- sowie Pflegewissenschaften, Palliativmedizin und WissenschaftlerInnen der Palliative Care Die HerausgeberInnen Prof. Dr. Martin W. Schnell (M.A.), Lehrstuhlinhaber für Sozialphilosophie und Ethik sowie Direktor des Instituts für Ethik und Kommunikation im Gesundheitswesen (IEKG), Universität Witten/Herdecke. Dr. Christian Schulz (MSc), Oberarzt und stellvertretender Leiter des Interdisziplinären Zentrums für Palliativmedizin, Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine Universität, Düsseldorf. Prof. Dr. Udo Kuckartz, Institut für Erziehungswissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg. Christine Dunger (MSc), wiss. Mitarbeiterin am Lehrstuhl für Sozialphilosophie und Ethik sowie Mitarbeiterin am Institut für Ethik und Kommunikation im Gesundheitswesen (IEKG), Universität Witten/Herdecke.
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  • 43
    ISBN: 9783658120757
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 288 S, online resource)
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Becker, Patrick, 1976 - [Rezension von: Rhonheimer, Martin, 1950-, Homo sapiens: die Krone der Schöpfung] 2018
    Series Statement: Das Bild vom Menschen und die Ordnung der Gesellschaft
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Rhonheimer, Martin, 1950 - Homo sapiens: die Krone der Schöpfung
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    Keywords: Biology Philosophy ; Philosophy of nature ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Biology Philosophy ; Philosophy of nature ; Mensch ; Schöpfungslehre ; Evolutionstheorie ; Philosophie ; Theologische Anthropologie ; Evolutionstheorie ; Naturalismus ; Atheismus ; Anthropozentrismus ; Evolutionstheorie ; Schöpfungsglaube ; Kreationismus ; Intelligent Design ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie
    Abstract: Einleitung -- 1. Die moderne Evolutionstheorie: eine Naturgeschichte des Lebens -- 2. Was die heutige Evolutionstheorie nicht zu erklären vermag -- 3. Impliziert die moderne Evolutionstheorie Materialismus und Atheismus? -- 4. Irrwege der Evolutionskritik: Kreationismus und Intelligent Design -- 5. Evolution, Schöpfung und die Frage der „Beweisbarkeit“ Gottes -- 6. Der Mensch: Produkt der Evolution und „Krone der Schöpfung“ -- 7. Anthropozentrik und Menschenwürde: Der Mensch als Ziel der Evolution.
    Abstract: Das Buch handelt von den Herausforderungen der Evolutionstheorie für unser Menschenbild. Es möchte darauf Antworten aus der Sicht der Philosophie bieten. Grundthese ist, dass der Mensch Höhepunkt und Ziel der Evolution ist. Diese These ist nicht nur philosophisch bedeutsam, sondern besitzt auch politische Brisanz. Gegenüber ihren religiösen Kritikern wird sowohl die Evolutionstheorie wie auch das klassische Menschenbild verteidigt und eine philosophisch reflektierte Konzeption vorgelegt, die naturwissenschaftliche, metaphysische, anthropologische und religionsphilosophische Aspekte kohärent zusammendenkt. Der Inhalt · Die moderne Evolutionstheorie: eine Naturgeschichte des Lebens · Was die heutige Evolutionstheorie nicht zu erklären vermag · Impliziert die moderne Evolutionstheorie Materialismus und Atheismus? · Irrwege der Evolutionskritik: Kreationismus und Intelligent Design · Evolution, Schöpfung und die Frage der „Beweisbarkeit“ Gottes · Der Mensch: Produkt der Evolution und „Krone der Schöpfung“ · Anthropozentrik und Menschenwürde: Der Mensch als Ziel der Evolution Die Zielgruppen Dozierende und Studierende der Philosophie, Theologie, Politikwissenschaften, Soziologie und Psychologie Der Autor Prof. Dr. Martin Rhonheimer lehrt Ethik und politische Philosophie an der Päpstlichen Universität Santa Croce in Rom und ist Mitgründer und Präsident des Austrian Institute of Economics and Social Philosophy in Wien.
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9783658131449
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 206 S, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Reuter, Timo Das bedingungslose Grundeinkommen als liberaler Entwurf
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    Keywords: Grundeinkommen ; Gerechtigkeitstheorie ; Liberalismus ; Theorie ; Political science ; Political Science and International Relations ; Political theory ; Political economy ; Political philosophy ; Political science ; Political theory ; Political economy ; Political philosophy ; Garantiertes Mindesteinkommen ; Gerechtigkeitsvorstellung ; Politische Theorie ; Liberalismus
    Abstract: Überblick über die Grundeinkommensidee -- Kleine Geschichte der Gerechtigkeitstheorien -- Liberale Philosophien zur Gerechtigkeit: John Rawls, Robert Nozick, Philippe van Parijs -- Gerechtigkeitstheoretische Abwägung des Grundeinkommens -- Sozialpolitische, psychologische und volkswirtschaftliche Argumente.
    Abstract: Timo Reuter erläutert im vorliegenden Werk, warum das „bedingungslose Grundeinkommen“ (BGE) im Kontext liberaler Konzeptionen als gerecht bezeichnet werden kann. Der Autor zeigt, weshalb das BGE nicht nur mit dem liberalen Freiheitsbegriff vereinbar ist, sondern durch die gewährte materielle Grundlage erst eine „wirkliche Freiheit“ jenseits neoliberaler Vorstellungen ermöglicht. Außerdem wird dargelegt, warum das BGE sehr wohl mit dem Leistungsbegriff kompatibel ist und, dass es Chancengleichheit sowie Ressourcengerechtigkeit begünstigt. Sozialpolitische, psychologische, humanistische und finanzielle Erwägungen zum BGE zeigen schließlich, dass dieses mehr ist als eine Utopie: Es ist eine konkrete Vision für eine freiere und gerechtere Gesellschaft. Der Inhalt • Überblick über die Grundeinkommensidee • Kleine Geschichte der Gerechtigkeitstheorien • Liberale Philosophien zur Gerechtigkeit: John Rawls,Robert Nozick; Philippe van Parijs • Gerechtigkeitstheoretische Abwägung des Grundeinkommens • Sozialpolitische, psychologische und volkswirtschaftliche Argumente Die Zielgruppen • Dozierende und Studierende aus den Bereichen Sozialwissenschaften,Philosophie, Wirtschaft, Politik sowie aus verwandten Fachgebieten • Journalisten, Politiker, Aktivisten Der Autor Timo Reuter hat Philosophie und Mathematik in Marburg und Frankfurt studiert.Er arbeitet als Journalist für verschiedene überregionale sowie regionale Tages- und Wochenzeitungen. Der Autor ist außerdem als Schriftsteller tätig und betreibt einen Blog.
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9783658104474
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 354 S, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Beer, Raphael, 1971 - Erkenntnis und Gesellschaft
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    Keywords: Political theory ; Epistemology ; Modern philosophy ; Sociology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, modern ; Subjekt ; Emanzipation ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Ideengeschichte 1600-2000
    Abstract: Das zentrale Thema des vorliegenden Buches ist die Subjektphilosophie. Angelegt ist das Buch dabei sowohl historisch als auch systematisch. Es behandelt einerseits die Subjektphilosophie seit der klassischen Aufklärung. Andererseits werden die zu diesem Zweck zugrunde gelegten philosophischen Erkenntnistheorien mit soziologischen Gesellschaftstheorien konfrontiert. Dabei zeigt sich ein Spannungsverhältnis im Denken über das Subjekt, das mit den Polen aktives und passives Subjekt umrissen wird. Um den Blick auf das Subjekt zu ergänzen, werden zudem mögliche praktische Bezüge des Subjekts mittels eines Streifzuges durch die politische Philosophie, die Moralphilosophie und die Wirtschaftstheorie (wiederum seit der Aufklärung) ausgelotet. Wie im Untertitel angedeutet, geht es dabei letztlich immer um die Frage der Emanzipation, die, so eine Hauptthese, argumentationslogisch mit einem starken – mithin: cartesianisch-kantischem – Subjektbegriff verbunden ist. Da mit der Erkenntnistheorie, der Gesellschaftstheorie, der politischen Philosophie, der Moralphilosophie und der Wirtschaftstheorie ein bereits Spektrum wissenschaftlich-philosophischer Themenfelder behandelt wird, eignet sich das Buch auch als Überblicks- bzw. Studienbuch. Der Inhalt Rekonstruktion: Formen und Inhalte des Subjekts • Emanzipation: das (emanzipatorische) Subjekt, Wissenschaft und Kritische Theorie Die Zielgruppen Studierende und Wissenschaftler der Ethik und Philosophie und der Soziologie Der Autor Dr. Raphael Beer ist als Privatdozent an der Universität Münster sowie als freier Autor tätig.
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789048129270
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 569 p. 10 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Dao Companions to Chinese Philosophy 6
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dao companion to Daoist philosophy
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Regional planning ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Regional planning ; Religion (General) ; Taoismus ; Philosophie
    Abstract: This is the first comprehensive companion to the study of Daoism as a philosophical tradition. It provides a general overview of Daoist philosophy in various thinkers and texts from 6th century BCE to 5th century CE and reflects the latest academic developments in the field. It discusses theoretical and philosophical issues based on rigorous textual and historical investigations and examinations, reflecting both the ancient scholarship and modern approaches and methodologies. The themes include debates on the origin of the Daoism, the authorship and dating of the Laozi, the authorship and classification of chapters in the Zhuangzi, the themes and philosophical arguments in the Laozi and the Zhuangzi, their transformations and developments in Pre-Qin, Han, and Wei-Jin periods, by Huang-Lao school, Heguanzi, Wenzi, Huainanzi, Wang Bi, Guo Xiang, and Worthies in bamboo grove, among others. Each chapter is written by expert(s) and specialist(s) on the topic discussed
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  • 47
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  • 48
    ISBN: 9780415644587 , 9781138574632
    Language: English
    Pages: XXIII, 753 S. , 26 cm
    Series Statement: Routledge philosophy companions
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The Routledge companion to hermeneutics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The Routledge companion to hermeneutics
    DDC: 121/.686
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    Keywords: Hermeneutics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Hermeneutik
    Abstract: Hermeneutics is a major theoretical and practical form of intellectual enquiry, central not only to philosophy but many other disciplines in the humanities and social sciences. With phenomenology and existentialism, it is also one of the twentieth century’s most important philosophical movements and includes major thinkers such as Heidegger, Gadamer and Ricoeur. The Routledge Companion to Hermeneutics is an outstanding guide and reference source to the key philosophers, topics and themes in this exciting subject and is the first volume of its kind.
    Note: Literaturangaben , Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke
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  • 49
    ISBN: 9789401796644
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 210 p. 27 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 41
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. G. W. Leibniz, interrelations between mathematics and philosophy
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    Keywords: Science History ; Philosophy (General) ; Science, general ; Wissenschaft ; Mathematik ; Philosophie ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 ; Geschichte
    Abstract: Up to now there have been scarcely any publications on Leibniz dedicated to investigating the interrelations between philosophy and mathematics in his thought. In part this is due to the previously restricted textual basis of editions such as those produced by Gerhardt. Through recent volumes of the scientific letters and mathematical papers series of the Academy Edition scholars have obtained a much richer textual basis on which to conduct their studies - material which allows readers to see interconnections between his philosophical and mathematical ideas which have not previously been manifested. The present book draws extensively from this recently published material. The contributors are among the best in their fields. Their commissioned papers cover thematically salient aspects of the various ways in which philosophy and mathematics informed each other in Leibniz's thought
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401791069
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 175 p. 5 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 116
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Sedation at the end-of-life
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Public health ; Public health laws ; Philosophy ; Ethics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Public health ; Public health laws ; Sterben ; Sedierung ; Palliativmedizin ; Recht ; Bioethik ; Moraltheologie
    Abstract: The book’s main contribution is its interdisciplinary approach to the issue of sedation at the end-of-life. Because it occurs at the end of life, palliative sedation raises a number of important ethical and legal questions, including whether it is a covert form of euthanasia and for what purposes it may legally be used. Many of the book chapters address the first question and almost all deal with a specific form of the second: whether palliative sedation should be used for those experiencing “existential suffering”? This raises the question of what existential suffering is, a topic that is also discussed in the book. The different chapters address these issues from the perspectives of the relevant disciplines: Palliative Medicine, Bioethics, Law and Theology. Hence, helpful accounts of the clinical and historical background for this issue are provided and the importance of drawing accurate ethical and legal distinctions is stressed throughout the whole book. So the volume represents a valuable contribution to the emerging literature on this topic and should be helpful across a broad spectrum of readers: philosophers, theologians and physicians
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401790635
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 302 p. 13 illus., 12 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 115
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. From sky and earth to metaphysics
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Phenomenology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Kosmologie ; Phänomenologie ; Weltall ; Mensch ; Literatur ; Kunst ; Phänomenologie
    Abstract: This is an exceptional volume which expands upon the World Phenomenology Institute’s recent research: the study of the beautiful intertwining of the skies and the cosmos with the human pursuits of philosophy, literature and the arts. The relationship of humans to the cosmos is examined through the exploration of phenomenology, metaphysics and the arts. The authors of this volume write on a variety of topics which all seek to open the reader’s eyes to the relationship of humans and our perception of our place in the cosmos. This volume offers a framework in which to present a rich panorama; a variety of perspectives illustrating how the perception of the interplay between human beings and the celestial realm advances in common experience and worldviews. This attempt to uncover our cosmic position is a great and worthwhile intellectual challenge. Philosophy as well as literature and the arts are nourished by this human quest for knowledge and understanding
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  • 52
    ISBN: 9789401793797
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 330 p. 25 illus., 19 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions To Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 73
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Aesthetics and the embodied mind
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; Phenomenology ; Consciousness ; Philosophy ; Cartesischer Dualismus ; Ästhetik
    Abstract: The project of naturalizing human consciousness/experience has made great technical strides (e.g., in mapping areas of brain activity), but has been hampered in many cases by its uncritical reliance on a dualistic “Cartesian” paradigm (though as some of the authors in the collection point out, assumptions drawn from Plato and from Kant also play a role). The present volume proposes a version of naturalism in aesthetics drawn from American pragmatism (above all from Dewey, but also from James and Peirce)-one primed from the start to see human beings not only as embodied, but as inseparable from the environment they interact with-and provides a forum for authors from diverse disciplines to address specific scientific and philosophical issues within the anti-dualistic framework considering aesthetic experience as a process of embodied meaning-making. Cross-disciplinary contributions come from leading researchers including Mark Johnson, Jim Garrison, Daniel D. Hutto, John T. Haworth, Luca F. Ticini, Beatriz Calvo-Merino. The volume covers pragmatist aesthetics, neuroaesthetics, enactive cognitive science, literary studies, psychology of aesthetics, art and design, sociology
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9789401794428
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 372 p. 4 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions To Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 74
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Horizons of authenticity in phenomenology, existentialism, and moral psychology
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Humanities ; Consciousness ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Phänomenologie ; Existenzialismus ; Existenzphilosophie ; Authentizität ; Ethik ; Moralpsychologie
    Abstract: This volume centers on the exploration of the ways in which the canonical texts and thinkers of the phenomenological and existential tradition can be utilized to address contemporary, concrete philosophical issues. In particular, the included essays address the key facets of the work of Charles Guignon, and as such, honor and extend his thought and approach to philosophy. To this end, the four main sections of the volume deal with the question of authenticity, i.e. what it means to be an authentic person, the ways in which the phenomenological and existential traditions can impact the sciences, how best to understand the fact of human mortality, and, finally, the ways philosophical reflection can help address current questions of value. The volume is designed primarily to serve as a secondary resource for students and specialists interested in rediscovering the practical application of existential and phenomenological thought. The collection of scholarly essays, then, could be used in conjunction with some of the more recent scholarship concerning the practical value of philosophy. Along with contributing to previous scholarship, the essays in this proposed volume attempt to update and expand the scope of phenomenological and existential inquiry
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  • 54
    Online Resource
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401798709
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 323 p. 7 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 120
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Medicine and society, new perspectives in continental philosophy
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; medicine Philosophy ; Medicine ; Philosophy ; Medical ethics ; Medizinische Ethik ; Philosophie ; Medizin
    Abstract: This volume addresses some of the most prominent questions in contemporary bioethics and philosophy of medicine: ‘liberal’ eugenics, enhancement, the normal and the pathological, the classification of mental illness, the relation between genetics, disease and the political sphere, the experience of illness and disability, and the sense of the subject of bioethical inquiry itself. All of these issues are addressed from a “continental” perspective, drawing on a rich tradition of inquiry into these questions in the fields of phenomenology, philosophical hermeneutics, French epistemology, critical theory and post-structuralism. At the same time, the contributions engage with the Anglo-American debate, resulting in a fruitful and constructive conversation that not only shows the depth and breadth of continental perspectives in bioethics and medicine, but also opens new avenues of discussion and exploration. For decades European philosophers have offered important insights into the relation between the practices of medicine, the concept of illness, and society more broadly understood. These interventions have generally striven to be both historically nuanced and accessible to non-experts. From Georges Canguilhem’s seminal The Normal and the Pathological, Michel Foucault’s lectures on madness, sexuality, and biopolitics, Hans Jonas’s deeply thoughtful essays on the right to die, life extension, and ethics in a technological age, Hans-Georg Gadamer’s lectures on The Enigma of Health, and more recently Jürgen Habermas’s carefully nuanced interventions on the question of liberal eugenics, these thinkers have sought to engage the wider public as much as their fellow philosophers on questions of paramount importance to current bioethical and social-political debate. The essays contained here continue this tradition of engagement and accessibility. In the best practices of European philosophy, the contributions in this volume aim to engage with and stimulate a broad spectrum of readers, not just experts. In doing so the volume offers a showcase of the richness and rigor of continental perspectives on medicine and society.
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  • 55
    ISBN: 9783319008011
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 225 p. 3 illus., 1 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 365
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Artefact kinds
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Engineering design ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Engineering design ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Artefakt ; Ontologie ; Wirklichkeit ; Technikphilosophie
    Abstract: This book is concerned with two intimately related topics of metaphysics: the identity of entities and the foundations of classification. What it adds to previous discussions of these topics is that it addresses them with respect to human-made entities, that is, artefacts. As the chapters in the book show, questions of identity and classification require other treatments and lead to other answers for artefacts than for natural entities. These answers are of interest to philosophers not only for their clarification of artefacts as a category of things but also for the new light they may shed on these issue with respect to to natural entities. This volume is structured in three parts. The contributions in Part I address basic ontological and metaphysical questions in relation to artefact kinds: How should we conceive of artefact kinds? Are they real kinds? How are identity conditions for artefacts and artefact kinds related? The contributions in Part II address meta-ontological questions: What, exactly, should an ontological account of artefact kinds provide us with? What scope can it aim for? Which ways of approaching the ontology of artefact kinds are there, how promising are they, and how should we assess this? In Part III, the essays offer engineering practice rather than theoretical philosophy as a point of reference. The issues addressed here include: How do engineers classify technical artefacts and on what grounds? What makes specific classes of technical artefacts candidates for ontologically real kinds, and by which criteria?
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction: The Ontology of Technical Artefacts; Maarten Franssen, Peter Kroes, Thomas A. C. Reydon and Pieter E. VermaasPart I: Artefact Kinds and Metaphysics -- Chapter 2. How Real are Artefacts and Artefact Kinds?; E. J. Lowe -- Chapter 3. Artifacts and Mind-Independence; Crawford L. Elder -- Chapter 4. Public Artifacts, Intentions, and Norms; Amie L. Thomasson -- Chapter 5. Artefact Kinds, Ontological Criteria and Forms of Mind-Dependence; Maarten Franssen and Peter Kroes -- Chapter 6. Artifact Kinds, Identity Criteria and Logical Adequacy; Massimiliano Carrara, Silvia Gaio and Marzia Soavi -- Part II: Artefact Kinds and New Perspectives -- Chapter 7. Creating Artifactual Kinds; Jesús Vega-Encabo and Diego Lawler -- Chapter 8. Metaphysical and Epistemological Approaches to Developing a Theory of Artifact Kinds; Thomas A. C. Reydon -- Chapter 9. Ethnotechnology: A Manifesto; Beth Preston -- Part III: Artefact Kinds and Engineering Practice -- Chapter 10. On What is Made: Instruments, Products and Natural Kinds of Artefacts; Wybo Houkes and Pieter E. Vermaas -- Chapter 11. Artefactual Systems, Missing Components and Replaceability; Nicola Guarino -- Chapter 12. Engineering Differences Between Natural, Social and Artificial Kinds; Eric T. Kerr.
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  • 56
    ISBN: 9789400769670
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 746 p. 1 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in the History of Philosophy of Mind 12
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sourcebook for the history of the philosophy of mind
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sourcebook for the History of the Philosophy of Mind : Philosophical Psychology from Plato to Kant
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, medieval ; Philosophy of mind ; Psychology History ; Philosophy ; Philosophy of Mind ; Geschichte ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Fresh translations of key texts, exhaustive coverage from Plato to Kant, and detailed commentary by expert scholars of philosophy add up to make this sourcebook the first and most comprehensive account of the history of the philosophy of mind. Published at a time when the philosophy of mind and philosophical psychology are high-profile domains in current research, the volume will inform our understanding of philosophical questions by shedding light on the origins of core conceptual assumptions often arrived at before the instauration of psychology as a recognized subject in its own right. The chapters closely follow historical developments in our understanding of the mind, with sections dedicated to ancient, medieval Latin and Arabic, and early modern periods of development. The volume’s structural clarity enables readers to trace the entire progression of philosophical understanding on specific topics related to the mind, such as the nature of perception. Doing so reveals the fascinating contrasts between current and historical approaches. In addition to its all-inclusive source material, the volume provides subtle expert commentary that includes critical introductions to each thematic section as well as detailed engagement with the central texts. A voluminous bibliography includes hundreds of primary and secondary sources. The sheer scale of this new publication sheds light on the progression, and discontinuities, in our study of the philosophy of mind, and represents a major new sourcebook in a field of extreme importance to our understanding of humanity as a whole
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  • 57
    ISBN: 9789400760349
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 281 p. 6 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology 68
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Schutzian phenomenology and hermeneutic traditions
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Social sciences Methodology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Social sciences Methodology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Hermeneutik ; Phänomenologische Soziologie ; Schütz, Alfred 1899-1959 ; Hermeneutik ; Phänomenologische Soziologie ; Schütz, Alfred 1899-1959
    Abstract: Schutzian Phenomenology and Hermeneutic Traditions links Alfred Schutz to the larger hermeneutic tradition in Continental thought, illuminating the deep affinity between Schutzian phenomenology and hermeneutics. The essays collected here explore a broad spectrum of Schutzian themes and concerns, from Schutz’s concrete affinities to hermeneutic traditions, his interpretationism and the pragmatist nature of Schutz’s thought, to questions concerning the role of the media and music in our understanding of the life-world and intersubjectivity. The essays go on to explore the practical applicability of Schutz’s thoughts on questions regarding economics, literature, ethics and the limits of human understanding. Given its emphasis on the application of Schutzian ideas and concepts, this book willbe of special interest to a wide range of readers in the social sciences and humanities, who are interested in the application of phenomenology to social, political, and cultural phenomena
    Description / Table of Contents: INTRODUCTORY ESSAY.- Reflections on the Relationship of ‘Social Phenomenology’ and Hermeneutics in Alfred Schutz:  An Introduction, M. STAUDIGL.- I. SCHUTZIAN PHENOMENOLOGY AND HERMENEUTIC TRADITIONS.- The Lifeworld Analysis of Alfred Schutz and the Methodology of the Social Sciences, T. EBERLE.- Understanding Sociologies and Tradition(s) of Hermeneutics, M. ENDRESS.-  Alfred Schutz and a Hermeneutical Sociology of Knowledge, H. NASU.-  The Interpretationism of Alfred Schutz or How Woodcutting can have Referential and Non-Referential Meaning, L. EMBREEII. THEORETICAL AND CONCEPTUAL REASSESSMENTS.-  Pragmatic theory of the life-world and hermeneutics of the social sciences, I. SRUBAR.-  Media Structures of the Life-World, R. AYASS.- The Musical Foundations of Alfred Schutz’ Hermeneutics of the Social World, A. G. STASCHEIT.- III. EXPLORATIONS OF THE PRACTICAL WORLD.-  Scientific Practice and the World of Working: Beyond Schutz’s Wirkwelt, D. BISCHUR.-  Hermeneutics of Transcendence:  Understanding and Communication at the Limits of Experience, A. HILT --    Alfred Schutz’s Practical-Hermeneutical Approach to Law and Normativity, I. COPOERU.-  Everyday Morality. Questions with and for Alfred Schutz, B. WALDENFELS .- IV. INVESTIGATIONS INTO MULTIPLE REALITIES.- Goffman and Schutz on multiple realities, G. PSATHAS.- Literature and the Limits of Pragmatism:  Alfred Schutz’s Goethe Manuscripts, M. D. BARBER.- Life-World Analysis and Literary Interpretation. On the Reconstruction of Symbolic Reality Spheres, J. DREHER.- Image Worlds. Aesthetic Experience and the Problem of Hermeneutics in the Social Sciences, D. TÄNZLER.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 58
    ISBN: 9780521195782
    Language: English
    Pages: xxiii, 608 Seiten
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Damgaard, Iben The Cambridge Handbook of Human Dignity. Interdisciplinary Perspectives 2016
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The Cambridge handbook of human dignity
    DDC: 323
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    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Menschenwürde ; Ursprung ; Reichweite ; Verletzung ; Justiziabilität ; Bioethik ; Geschichte ; Menschenwürde
    Note: Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke , Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 559-562. - Literaturangaben
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9780415545488 , 9780415545501
    Language: English
    Pages: XXV, 347 S. , Ill., graph. Darst. , 24 cm
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    Keywords: Philosophy of nature ; Epistemics ; Nature ; Nature ; Case studies ; Naturphilosophie
    Abstract: "We listen to a cacophony of voices instructing us how to think and feel about nature, including our own bodies. The news media, wildlife documentaries, science magazines, and environmental NGOs are among those clamouring for our attention. But are we empowered by all this knowledge or is our dependence on various epistemic communities allowing our thoughts, sentiments and activities to be unduly governed by others? Drawing on over 30 years on research into the 'social constitution of nature', Making Sense of Nature shows that what we call 'nature' is made sense of for us in ways that make it central to social order, social change and social dissent. By utilising insights and extended examples from anthropology, cultural studies, human geography, philosophy, politics, sociology, science studies, this interdisciplinary text asks whether we can better make sense of nature for ourselves, and thus participate more meaningfully in momentous decisions about the future of life - human and non-human - on the planet. This book shows how 'nature' can be made sense of without presuming its naturalness. The challenge is not so much to rid ourselves of the idea of nature and its 'collateral concepts' (such as genes) but instead, we need to be more alert to how, why and with what effects ideas about 'nature' get fashioned and deployed in specific situations"--
    Abstract: "We listen to a cacophony of voices instructing us how to think and feel about nature, including our own bodies. The news media, wildlife documentaries, science magazines, and environmental NGOs are among those clamouring for our attention. But are we empowered by all this knowledge or is our dependence on various epistemic communities allowing our thoughts, sentiments and activities to be unduly governed by others? Drawing on over 30 years on research into the 'social constitution of nature', Making Sense of Nature shows that what we call 'nature' is made sense of for us in ways that make it central to social order, social change and social dissent. By utilising insights and extended examples from anthropology, cultural studies, human geography, philosophy, politics, sociology, science studies, this interdisciplinary text asks whether we can better make sense of nature for ourselves, and thus participate more meaningfully in momentous decisions about the future of life - human and non-human - on the planet. This book shows how 'nature' can be made sense of without presuming its naturalness. The challenge is not so much to rid ourselves of the idea of nature and its 'collateral concepts' (such as genes) but instead, we need to be more alert to how, why and with what effects ideas about 'nature' get fashioned and deployed in specific situations"--
    Note: Literaturverz. S. [298] - 344 und Index
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789048129218
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 422 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Dao Companions to Chinese Philosophy 5
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dao companion to Japanese Confucian philosophy
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Regional planning ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy, Confucian--Japan. ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Japan ; Konfuzianismus ; Ideengeschichte 1600-1868
    Abstract: This volume features in-depth philosophical analyses of major Japanese Confucian philosophers as well as themes and topics addressed in their writings. Its main historical focus is the early-modern period (1600-1868), when much original Confucian philosophizing occurred. Written by scholars from the United States, Canada, Europe, Australia, Japan, and China and eclectic in methodology and disciplinary approach, this anthology seeks to advance new multidimensional studies of Japanese Confucian philosophy for English language readers. It presents essays that focus on Japanese Confucianism, while including topics related to Buddhism, Shintō, Nativism, and even Andō Shōeki 安藤昌益 (1703-1762), one of the most vehement critics of Confucianism in all of East Asia. The book builds on the premise that Japanese Confucian philosophy consists in the ongoing engagement in critical, self-reflective discussions of and speculative theorizing about ethics, epistemology, metaphysics, political theory, and spiritual problems, as well as aesthetics, cosmology, and ontology
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  • 61
    Book
    Book
    London [u.a.] : Routledge
    ISBN: 9780415627269 , 9780415627276
    Language: English
    Pages: xii, 386 S.
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Moral ; Ethik ; Anthropologie ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Rezension
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  • 62
    ISBN: 9789400772724
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (292 pages) , illustrations.
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies in Contemporary Culture 23
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    Keywords: Philosophy, Modern ; Political science ; Philosophy ; Electronic books ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index. Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed December 16, 2013)
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  • 63
    ISBN: 9789400761100
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 270 p. 4 illus., 3 illus. in color, digital)
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 107
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Coherence: insights from philosophy, jurisprudence and artificial intelligence
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    Keywords: Genetic epistemology ; Computers Law and legislation ; Law ; Law ; Genetic epistemology ; Computers Law and legislation ; Law ; Philosophy ; Sense of coherence ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Kohärenz ; Rechtsphilosophie
    Abstract: This book is a thorough treatise concerned with coherence and its significance in legal reasoning. The individual chapters present the topic from the general philosophical perspective, the perspective of legal-theory as well as the viewpoint of cognitive sciences and the research on artificial intelligence and law. As it has turned out the interchange of knowledge among these disciplines is very fruitful for each of them, providing mutual inspiration and increasing understanding of a given topic. This book is a unique resource for anyone interested in the concept of coherence and the role it plays in reasoning. As this book captures important contemporary issues concerning the ongoing discussion on coherence and law, those interested in legal reasoning should find it particularly helpful. By presenting such a broad scope of views and methods on approaching the issue of coherence we hope to promote the general interest in the topic as well as the academic research that centers around coherence and law.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- About the Authors -- Table of Contents -- Three Kinds of Coherentism; Jaap Hage -- Coherence and Reliability in Judicial Reasoning; Stefan Schubert and Erik J. Olsson -- Coherence and Probability: A Probabilistic Account of Coherence; William Roche -- Coherence: An Outline in Six Metaphors and Four Rules; Juan Manuel Peréz Bermejo -- Legal Interpretation and Coherence; Bartosz Brożek -- Normative Inconsistency and Logical Theories. A First Critique of Defeasibilism; Giovanni Battista Ratti -- The Third Theory of Legal Objectivity; Aldo Schiavello -- Pattern Languages & Institutional Facts.Functions and Coherences in the Law; Kenneth Ehrenberg -- Consistency and Coherence in the “Hypertext” of Law. A Textological Approach; Wojciech Cyrul -- Case Classification, Similarities, Spaces of Reasons, and Coherences; Marcello Guarini -- Coherence as Constraint Satisfaction: Judicial Reasoning Support Mechanism; Jaromír Šavelka -- Limits of Constraint Satisfaction Theory of Coherence as a Theory of (Legal) Reasoning; Michał Araszkiewicz -- Ten Theses on Coherence in Law; Amalia Amaya.  Introduction -- About the Authors -- Table of Contents -- Three Kinds of Coherentism; Jaap Hage -- Coherence and Reliability in Judicial Reasoning; Stefan Schubert and Erik J. Olsson -- Coherence and Probability: A Probabilistic Account of Coherence; William Roche -- Coherence: An Outline in Six Metaphors and Four Rules; Juan Manuel Peréz Bermejo -- Legal Interpretation and Coherence; Bartosz Brożek -- Normative Inconsistency and Logical Theories. A First Critique of Defeasibilism; Giovanni Battista Ratti -- The Third Theory of Legal Objectivity; Aldo Schiavello -- Pattern Languages & Institutional Facts.Functions and Coherences in the Law; Kenneth Ehrenberg -- Consistency and Coherence in the “Hypertext” of Law. A Textological Approach; Wojciech Cyrul -- Case Classification, Similarities, Spaces of Reasons, and Coherences; Marcello Guarini -- Coherence as Constraint Satisfaction: Judicial Reasoning Support Mechanism; Jaromír Šavelka -- Limits of Constraint Satisfaction Theory of Coherence as a Theory of (Legal) Reasoning; Michał Araszkiewicz -- Ten Theses on Coherence in Law; Amalia Amaya.  .
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 64
    ISBN: 9789400762411
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 207 p. 1 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 29
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Contemporary perspectives on early modern philosophy
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy, Modern ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Philosophie ; Natur ; Wahrnehmung ; Norm ; Geschichte 1600-1800
    Abstract: Normativity has long been conceived as more properly pertaining to the domain of thought than to the domain of nature. This conception goes back to Kant and still figures prominently in contemporary epistemology, philosophy of mind and ethics. By offering a collection of new essays by leading scholars in early modern philosophy and specialists in contemporary philosophy, this volume goes beyond the point where nature and normativity came apart, and challenges the well-established opposition between these all too neatly separated realms. It examines how the mind’s embeddedness in nature can be conceived as a starting point for uncovering the links between naturally and conventionally determined standards governing an agent’s epistemic and moral engagement with the world. The original essays are grouped in two parts. The first part focuses on specific aspects of theories of perception, thought formation and judgment. It gestures towards an account of normativity that regards linguistic conventions and natural constraints as jointly setting the scene for the mind’s ability to conceptualise its experiences. The second part of the book asks what the norms of desirable epistemic and moral practices are. Key to this approach is an examination of human beings as parts of nature, who act as natural causes and are determined by their sensibilities and sentiments. Each part concludes with a chapter that integrates features of the historical debate into the contemporary context
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Contents; Chapter 1: Nature and Norms in Thought; 1.1 Part I Nature's Influence on the Mind; 1.2 Part II Shaping the Norms of Our Intellectual and Practical Engagement with the World; References; Part I: Nature's Influence on the Mind; Chapter 2: Intentionality Bifurcated: A Lesson from Early Modern Philosophy?; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Descartes; 2.2.1 Propositional Ofness; Proposition principle; 2.2.2 Why Propositional Ofness Is Not Enough; Third Meditation scenario; 2.2.3 Representational Ofness; Reflective improvement of ideas; 2.3 Locke; 2.3.1 Propositional Ofness
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.3.2 Why Propositional Ofness Is Not Enough2.3.3 Representational Ofness; Conformity by correlation; Representation ofness and adequacy; Projectibility and explanatory constitutions; 2.4 Cartesian and Lockean Rationalism; Lockean rationalism; Cartesian rationalism; 2.5 A Lesson for Current Debates?; References; Chapter 3: Ideas as Thick Beliefs: Spinoza on the Normativity of Ideas; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Four Basic Tenets; 3.3 Two Kinds of Normativity; 3.4 No Content Without Attitude; 3.5 Content Determination Through Conative Attitudes; 3.6 Conscious Ideas as Thick Beliefs; 3.7 Conclusion
    Description / Table of Contents: ReferencesChapter 4: Three Problems in Locke's Ontology of Substance and Mode; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 The Contrast Between Substances and Modes; 4.3 The First Problem; 4.4 The Second Problem; 4.5 The Third Problem; 4.6 Conclusion; References; Chapter 5: Kant on Imagination and the Natural Sources of the Conceptual; 5.1 The Faculty of Presentation; 5.2 Image-Models; 5.3 Synthesis; 5.4 A 'Threefold Synthesis'; 5.5 The Synopsis of Sense; 5.6 Synthesis a Priori and the Concept of Guidance; References; Chapter 6: Naturalized Epistemology and the Genealogy of Knowledge; 6.1 Introduction
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.2 Kornblith's Criticism of Craig6.3 Is Knowledge a Natural Kind?; 6.4 Craig's Genealogy of Knowledge; 6.5 Genealogy and Naturalized Epistemology; 6.6 Conclusion; References; Part II: Shaping the Norms of Our Intellectual and Practical Engagement with the World; Chapter 7: Sensibility and Metaphysics: Diderot, Hume, Baumgarten, and Herder; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Diderot; 7.3 Hume; 7.4 Baumgarten; 7.5 Sensibility; 7.6 Herder; References; Chapter 8: Back to the Facts - Herder on the Normative Role of Sensibility and Imagination; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 Concept Formation; 8.3 Herder's Holism
    Description / Table of Contents: 8.4 Imagining as a Form of Discovery8.5 Conclusion; References; Chapter 9: Extending Nature: Rousseau on the Cultivation of Moral Sensibility; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Unnatural Distortions; 9.3 Society's Education; 9.4 Cultivating Moral Sensibility; References; Chapter 10: The Piacular, or on Seeing Oneself as a Moral Cause in Adam Smith; 10.1 Introduction and Theses; 10.2 Sympathy and Knowledge of Causal Relations 5; 10.3 Causation and Rationality; 10.4 We (Ought to) See Ourselves as Causes!; 10.5 Norms of Appeasement; 10.6 The Language of Superstition; 10.7 Conclusion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 11: Explaining and Describing: Panpsychism and Deep Ecology
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400762237
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 235 p. 2 illus, digital)
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Silver, David Business Ethics in the 21st Century, by Norman E. Bowie. Dordrecht: Springer, 2013. 235 pp. ISBN: 978-9400762220 2015
    Series Statement: Issues in Business Ethics 39
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Economics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Economics ; Wirtschaftsethik
    Abstract: This work provides a critical look at business practice in the early 21st century and suggests changes that are both practical and normatively superior. Several chapters present a reflection on business ethics from a societal or macro-organizational point of view. It makes a case for the economic and moral superiority of the sustainability capitalism of the European Union over the finance-based model of the United States. Most major themes in business ethics are covered and some new ones are introduced, including the topic of the right way to teach business ethics. The general approach adopted in this volume is Kantian. Alternative approaches are critically evaluated
    Description / Table of Contents: Business Ethics in the 21st Century; Introduction by the Series Editors; Preface; Editorial Board Issues in Business Ethics; Editorial Board Eminent Voices in Business Ethics; Contents; Part I: Economic Issues in Business Ethics; Chapter 1: Fair Markets Revisited; Morality as a Ground of Legal Decisions; A Rejoinder and Reply; Advice for Managers; Characteristics of Fairness; Objections and Replies; Conclusion; Chapter 2: What's Wrong with Efficiency and Always Low Prices; Introduction; The Problem; Some Observations from Home and Abroad; What Some Others Are Saying; The Issue or Issues
    Description / Table of Contents: What's to Be DoneObjections and Replies; Conclusion; Chapter 3: Economics, Friend or Foe of Ethics; Economics as Foe; Foe: Adherence to Psychological Egoism; Foe: Assumptions of Agency Theory; Dropping the "No Transaction Costs" Assumption: Transaction Cost Economics; Turning Economics from Foe to Friend; Codes of Ethics; The Importance of a Good "Ethical Climate"; Multinationals and Universal Standards; The Argument for Universal Ethical Values; An Argument for Truly Universal Standards of Business Ethics; A Complication; Fairness as an Explanatory Variable in Economics and Management Theory
    Description / Table of Contents: ConclusionPart II: Philosophical Issues in Business; Chapter 4: Kantian Themes; Why Kant; Organization of This Chapter; Rethinking and Defending Business Ethics : A Kantian Perspective; Chapter 1 Immoral Business Practices; Chapter 2 Treating the Humanity of Stakeholders as Ends Rather than as Means Merely; Chapter 3 The Firm as a Moral Community; Chapter 4 Acting from Duty: How Pure a Motive?; Chapter 5 The Cosmopolitan Perspective; The New Generation of Scholars Applying Kant to Business Ethics; Aristotle-Not Kant; Kantian Accounts of Corporate Social Responsibility; Conclusion
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 5: Limitations of the Pragmatist Approach to Business EthicsBackground; Rorty's Contingency, Irony, and Solidarity; Why Literature Misleads; Rorty's Address Before the Society for Business Ethics; The Pragmatism of Ed Freeman and Some of His Students; Should Stakeholder Theorists Adopt a Pragmatist Methodology?; Concluding Thought; Part III: International Issues in Business Ethics; Chapter 6: Varieties of Corporate Social Responsibility; The Maximization of Shareholder Wealth Capitalism-American Finance Based Capitalism; Corporate Social Responsibility as Charity
    Description / Table of Contents: An Addendum to the Classical American View: Stakeholder CapitalismSocial Responsibility Under the Stakeholder Model; The European Sustainability Version of Capitalism; Philanthropy, the Safety Net, and Human Rights; The Business Case for Social Responsibility; Corporate Social Responsibility in Asia; Japan; India; China; Evidence That China Seems to Lack a Sense of Corporate Social Responsibility; Which Version of Corporate Social Responsibility Should a Country Adopt?; The Moral Argument for Sustainability; Why Philanthropy Is Not Enough
    Description / Table of Contents: Does China Need Corporate Social Responsibility to Survive
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 66
    ISBN: 9789400751927
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXVI, 226 p. 6 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 105
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Leibniz: logico-philosophical puzzles in the law
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy of law ; Law ; Law ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy of law ; Quelle ; Kommentar ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 Specimen certitudinis seu demonstrationum in iure exhibitum in doctrina conditionum ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 ; Rechtsphilosophie ; Logik ; Rechtsfall
    Abstract: This volume presents two Leibnizian writings, the Specimen of Philosophical Questions Collected from the Law and the Dissertation on Perplexing Cases. These works, originally published in 1664 and 1666, constitute, respectively, Leibniz’s thesis for the title of Master of Philosophy and his doctoral dissertation in law. Besides providing evidence of the earliest development of Leibniz’s thought and amazing anticipations of his mature views, they present a genuine intellectual interest, for the freshness and originality of Leibniz’s reflections on a striking variety of logico-philosophical puzzles drawn from the law. The Specimen addresses puzzling issues resulting from apparent conflicts between law and philosophy (the latter broadly understood as comprising also mathematics, as well as empirical sciences). The Dissertation addresses cases whose solution is puzzling because of the convoluted logical form of legal dispositions and contractual clauses, or because of conflicting priorities between concurring parties. In each case, Leibniz dissects the problems with the greatest ingenuity, disentangling their different aspects, and proposing solutions always reasonable and sometimes surprising. And he does not refrain from peppering his intellectual acrobatics with some humorous comments. bbbbbb
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  • 67
    ISBN: 9789400756564 , 1283936232 , 9781283936231
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 242 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice 22
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The threads of natural law
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Anthropology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Anthropology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Naturrecht ; Rechtsphilosophie ; Geschichte
    Abstract: The notion of “natural law” has repeatedly furnished human beings with a shared grammar in times of moral and cultural crisis. Stoic natural law, for example, emerged precisely when the Ancient World lost the Greek polis, which had been the point of reference for Plato's and Aristotle's political philosophy. In key moments such as this, natural law has enabled moral and legal dialogue between peoples and traditions holding apparently clashing world-views. This volume revisits some of these key moments in intellectual and social history, partly with an eye to extracting valuable lessons for ideological conflicts in the present and perhaps near future. The contributions to this volume discuss both historical and contemporary schools of natural law. Topics on historical schools of natural law include: how Aristotelian theory of rules paved the way for the birth of the idea of "natural law"; the idea's first mature account in Cicero's work; the tension between two rival meanings of “man’s rational nature” in Aquinas’ natural law theory; and the scope of Kant’s allusions to “natural law”. Topics on contemporary natural law schools include: John Finnis's and Germain Grisez's “new natural law theory”; natural law theories in a "broader" sense, such as Adolf Reinach’s legal phenomenology; Ortega y Gasset’s and Scheler’s “ethical perspectivism”; the natural law response to Kelsen’s conflation of democracy and moral relativism; natural law's role in 20th century international law doctrine; Ronald Dworkin’s understanding of law as “a branch of political morality”; and Alasdair Macintyre’s "virtue"-based approach to natural law.​
    Description / Table of Contents: The Threads of Natural Law; Foreword; References; Contents; About the Authors; Chapter 1: Aristotle on Practical Rules, Universality, and the Law; 1.1 Practical and Theoretical Rules in Aristotle; 1.2 Law and Practical Reason; 1.3 Two Philosophical Conceptions on Rules' Universality; 1.4 Sources of Universality of Legal Rules; 1.5 The Rule of Law and the Role of Rules; 1.6 Practical Universality: Rules and the Structure of Legal Prāxis; 1.7 Axiological Universality: Epieikeia and the Practice of Legal Justice; References; Chapter 2: Cosmopolitanism and Natural Law in Cicero
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1 Marcus Tullius Cicero: The First Legal Philosopher in History2.2 Natural Law as Ratio Summa, Insita in Natura; 2.3 Cosmopolitanism and Natural Law: Towards an Omnium Gentium Consensus; 2.4 Notes on the Influence of Cicero's Philosophy of Law in the History of Philosophy; References; Chapter 3: Natural Law: Autonomous or Heteronomous? The Thomistic Perspective; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 What Is Natural Law? Natural Law and Eternal Law; 3.3 Natural Inclinations and Natural Law; 3.4 Universality of Natural Law; 3.5 Contents of Natural Law and Derivation of the Positive Law
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.6 Natural Law in the Social Doctrine of the ChurchReferences; Chapter 4: The Competing Sources of Aquinas' Natural Law: Aristotle, Roman Law and the Early Christian Fathers; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Historical Background of Pre-Aquinas' Natural Law; 4.3 Aquinas' Intellectualism; 4.4 Aquinas' Natural Law as Natural Inclination; 4.5 Aquinas' Good; 4.6 Aquinas on Free Choice; 4.7 Suárez' Critique; 4.8 Conclusion; References; Chapter 5: God and Natural Law: Reflections on Genesis; 5.1 God and the Slaying of the Innocent; 5.1.1 Immanuel Kant; 5.1.2 John Thiel; 5.1.3 Evaluation
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.2 Aquinas and Scotus on the Natural Law: Can the Natural Law Be Changed?5.2.1 Thomas Aquinas; 5.2.2 Duns Scotus; 5.3 Concluding Reflections; References; Chapter 6: Natural Right and Coercion; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Kant on Natural Right; 6.3 Rightful Condition as Regulative Norm in the State of Nature; 6.4 Transition from the State of Nature to a Rightful Condition; 6.4.1 The Postulate of Public Right Proceeds from Private Right; 6.4.2 Reason and Nature at the Basis of Law; 6.5 Conclusion; References; Chapter 7: Natural Law and the Phenomenological Given; 7.1 Introduction
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.2 Reinach: A Phenomenological Research of Ontology of Law7.3 A Priori Science of Right and Natural Law Theory; 7.4 The Problems of a Non-normative Apriori Independent of Human Nature; References; Chapter 8: Perspectivism and Natural Law; References; Chapter 9: Natural Law Theory in Spain and Portugal; 9.1 Methodology, Scope and Philosophical Criteria; 9.2 Natural Law in the Spanish and Portuguese Traditions; 9.3 Twentieth Century Representative Scholars and Tendencies; 9.3.1 Neo-Scholastic Natural Law Doctrines; 9.3.2 Innovative Natural Law Trends; 9.4 Natural Law and Human Rights
    Description / Table of Contents: 9.5 Natural Law Theories in Twentieth-Century Portugal
    Description / Table of Contents: About the Authors -- Foreword; Francisco José Contreras -- 1. Aristotle on Practical Rules, Universality, and Law; Jesús Vega -- 2. Cosmopolitanism and Natural Law in Cicero; Fernando Llano -- 3. Natural Law: Autonomous or Heteronomous? The Thomistic Perspective; Diego Poole -- 4. The Competing Sources of Aquinas’ Natural Law: Aristotle, Roman Law and the Early Christian Fathers; Anna Taitslin -- 5. God and Natural Law: Reflections on Genesis 22; Matthew Levering -- 6. Natural Right and Coercion; Ana Marta González -- 7. Natural Law and the Phenomenological Given; Marta Albert -- 8. Perspectivism and Natural Law; Ignacio Sánchez Cámara -- 9. International Law and the Natural Law Tradition: The Influence of Verdross and Kelsen on Legaz Lacambra; María Elósegui -- 10. Natural Law Theory in Spain and Portugal; Antonio E. Pérez Luño -- 11. Is the “New Natural Law Theory” Actually a Natural Law Theory?; Francisco José Contreras -- 12. Alasdair MacIntyre on Natural Law ; Rafael Ramis-Barceló -- 13. Dworkin and the Natural Law Tradition; María Lourdes Santos -- 14. Public Reason, Secularism, and Natural Law; Iván Garzón..
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  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400765344
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 393 p. 74 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 30
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Computer science ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Computer science ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical
    Abstract: Written by experts in the field, this volume presents a comprehensive investigation into the relationship between argumentation theory and the philosophy of mathematical practice. Argumentation theory studies reasoning and argument, and especially those aspects not addressed, or not addressed well, by formal deduction. The philosophy of mathematical practice diverges from mainstream philosophy of mathematics in the emphasis it places on what the majority of working mathematicians actually do, rather than on mathematical foundations. The book begins by first challenging the assumption that there is no role for informal logic in mathematics. Next, it details the usefulness of argumentation theory in the understanding of mathematical practice, offering an impressively diverse set of examples, covering the history of mathematics, mathematics education and, perhaps surprisingly, formal proof verification. From there, the book demonstrates that mathematics also offers a valuable testbed for argumentation theory. Coverage concludes by defending attention to mathematical argumentation as the basis for new perspectives on the philosophy of mathematics.
    Description / Table of Contents: IntroductionPart I. What are Mathematical Arguments? -- Chapter 1. Non-Deductive Logic in Mathematics: The Probability of Conjectures; James Franklin -- Chapter 2. Arguments, Proofs, and Dialogues; Erik C. W. Krabbe -- Chapter 3. Argumentation in Mathematics; Jesús Alcolea Banegas -- Chapter 4. Arguing Around Mathematical Proofs; Michel Dufour -- Part II. Argumentation as a Methodology for Studying Mathematical Practice -- Chapter 5. An Argumentative Approach to Ideal Elements in Mathematics; Paola Cantù -- Chapter 6. How Persuaded Are You? A Typology of Responses; Matthew Inglis and Juan Pablo Mejía-Ramos -- Chapter 7. Revealing Structures of Argumentations in Classroom Proving Processes; Christine Knipping and David Reid -- Chapter 8. Checking Proofs; Jesse Alama and Reinhard Kahle -- Part III. Mathematics as a Testbed for Argumentation Theory -- Chapter 9. Dividing by Zero-and Other Mathematical Fallacies; Lawrence H. Powers -- Chapter 10. Strategic Maneuvering in Mathematical Proofs; Erik C. W. Krabbe -- Chapter. 11 Analogical Arguments in Mathematics; Paul Bartha -- Chapter 12. What Philosophy of Mathematical Practice Can Teach Argumentation Theory about Diagrams and Pictures; Brendan Larvor -- Part IV. An Argumentational Turn in the Philosophy of Mathematics -- Chapter 13. Mathematics as the Art of Abstraction; Richard L. Epstein -- Chapter 14. Towards a Theory of Mathematical Argument; Ian J. Dove -- Chapter 15. Bridging the Gap Between Argumentation Theory and the Philosophy of Mathematics; Alison Pease, Alan Smaill, Simon Colton and John Lee -- Chapter 16. Mathematical Arguments and Distributed Knowledge; Patrick Allo, Jean Paul Van Bendegem and Bart Van Kerkhove -- Chapter 17. The Parallel Structure of Mathematical Reasoning; Andrew Aberdein -- Index.
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  • 69
    ISBN: 9789400760257
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 218 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Philosophy of Engineering and Technology 12
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Coeckelbergh, Mark, 1975 - Human being risk
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Phenomenology ; Technology Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Technology Philosophy ; Risikomanagement ; Medizinische Ethik
    Abstract: Whereas standard approaches to risk and vulnerability presuppose a strict separation between humans and their world, this book develops an existential-phenomenological approach according to which we are always already beings-at-risk. Moreover, it is argued that in our struggle against vulnerability, we create new vulnerabilities and thereby transform ourselves as much as we transform the world. Responding to the discussion about human enhancement and information technologies, the book then shows that this dynamic-relational approach has important implications for the evaluation of new technologies and their risks. It calls for a normative anthropology of vulnerability that does not ask which objective risks are acceptable, how we can become invulnerable, or which technologies threaten human nature, but which vulnerability transformations we want. To the extent that we can steer the growth of new technologies at all, this tragic and sometimes comic project should therefore be guided by what we want to become.​
    Description / Table of Contents: Human Being Risk; Acknowledgments; Contents; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1.1 The Experience of Risk and Vulnerability; 1.2 The Struggle Against Risk and Vulnerability; 1.3 Technological Risk and the Ethical Evaluation of New Technologies; 1.4 Risk, Vulnerability, and Technology; 1.5 Transhumanism; 1.6 Outline of the Book; References; Part I: Descriptive Anthropology of Vulnerability; Chapter 2: The Transhumanist Challenge; 2.1 The Ethical Discussion About Human Enhancement and Its Assumptions About Human Being and Vulnerability
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1.1 Transhumanists Versus Bioconservatives and Infoconservatives: The Anthropological Issue2.1.2 Fighting the Dragon or Accepting What Is Given by Nature or God? The Question Concerning Human Vulnerability and Tech...; 2.2 First Response to the Anthropological Issue; 2.2.1 Human Nature Has Always Changed; 2.2.2 Technology Has Always Changed Who We Are; 2.2.3 Philosophical Anthropology Has Always Been Normative; 2.2.4 From Human Nature to Human Being: From Essence to Existence; References; Chapter 3: Anthropology of Vulnerability; 3.1 Standard Dualist Views of Risk and Vulnerability
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.1.1 Objectivist Views: Risk Science, Medicine, and the Psychology of Risk3.1.2 The Social Construction of Risk and Cultural Theory of Risk; 3.2 An Existential-Phenomenological Alternative: A Relational Anthropology of Vulnerability; 3.2.1 Existential Vulnerability: Preliminary Phenomenology of Risk and Vulnerability; 3.2.2 Existential Vulnerability: Being-at-Risk, Fear, and Care (Using Heidegger 1); 3.2.3 Existential Versus Existentialist (Not Using Heidegger 2); 3.2.4 The Tradition of Philosophical Anthropology: Plessner; References; Chapter 4: Cultures and Transformations of Vulnerability
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.1 Culture(s) of Vulnerability4.1.1 Experience: Imaginations of Vulnerability; 4.1.1.1 An Example: Experiences and Cultures of Health and Illness; 4.1.2 Praxis and Habitus: Imagination as Representation Versus Imagination in Action; 4.2 Vulnerability Transformations; 4.2.1 Spiritual Technologies and Religious Culture; 4.2.2 Material Technologies and Technological, Financial, and Economic Culture; 4.2.3 Social Technologies and Political Culture; 4.2.4 Technologies of the Self and Self-Culture; 4.3 Conclusion: Vulnerability Transformations as Transformations of a Form of Life; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Part II: Normative Anthropology of VulnerabilityChapter 5: Ethics of Vulnerability (i): Implications for Ethics of Technology; 5.1 Vulnerability and Ethics; 5.1.1 The Value of Vulnerability and the Vulnerability of Value; 5.1.2 Evaluating Vulnerability Transformations; 5.1.2.1 Personal Robots; 5.1.2.2 Human Genetic Enhancement; 5.2 Ethics of Technology as an Ethics of Vulnerability; 5.2.1 Standard View: Human Values Versus Technological Means; 5.2.2 Alternative: Learning to Be-at-Risk; 5.3 The Design and Growth of Human Vulnerability; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 6: Ethics of Vulnerability (ii): Imagining the Posthuman Future
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I Descriptive Anthropology of Vulnerability --  Chapter 1. The Transhumanist Challenge -- Chapter 2. An Anthropology of Vulnerability -- Chapter 3. Cultures and Transformations of Vulnerability -- Part II Normative Anthropology of Vulnerability -- Chapter 4. Ethics of Vulnerability (1): Implications for ethics of technology -- Chapter 5. Ethics of Vulnerability (2): Imagining the Posthuman future -- Chapter 6. Ethics of Vulnerability (3): Vulnerability in the Information Age -- Chapter 7. Politics of Vulnerability: Freedom, Justice, and the Public/Private distinction -- Chapter 8. Normative Aesthetics of Vulnerability: The Art of Coping with Vulnerability -- Conclusion.​.
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  • 70
    ISBN: 9789400749399
    ISSN: 2211-8101
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 86 p. 1 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Ethics 2
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Mallia, Pierre The nature of the doctor-patient relationship
    RVK:
    Keywords: Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Psychology, clinical ; Medicine ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Psychology, clinical ; Physician and patient ; Interpersonal relations ; Physician-Patient Relations ; Philosophy, Medical ; Medizinische Ethik
    Abstract: Introduction -- CHAPTER 1 Critical overview of principlist theories -- 1.1 The ‘Four-Principles’ Approach -- 1.1.1 Theoretical basis -- 1.1.2 The Paradigm case -- 1.1.3 The doctor-patient relationship -- 1.2 Robert Veatch’s model of Lexical Ordering -- 1.3 The Principle of Permission -- CHAPTER 2 Phenomenological roots of Principles -- 2.1 The nature of the physician-patient relationship -- 2.1.1 Communication -- 2.1.2 Goals of Medicine -- 2.1.3 The ‘care’ in Health Care -- 2.1.4 The special bond -- 2.2 The Principle of Beneficence and virtue -- 2.3 Nonmaleficence -- 2.3.1 Patient authority or trust -- 2.3.2 Epistemology -- 2.4 Respect for Autonomy -- 2.4.1 A historical and epistemological perspective -- 2.4.2 A cultural appraisal -- 2.5 The dual nature of Justice -- 2.5.1 The Justice of society -- 2.5.2 Justice in Health-Care -- CHAPTER 3 Principles as a consequence of the relationship -- 3.1 Need for grounding principles in -- the relationship -- 3.2 Defining the ontological entities -- 3.3 The physician as an entity -- 3.3.1 Levelling-down of medical relationships -- 3.3.2 Being as Understanding -- 3.4 The Patient as entity - potential for being truly-autonomous -- 3.4.1 Dimensions of the illness experience -- 3.4.2 True Autonomy and the Authenticity of the relationship -- 3.5 Hermeneutics of the relationship -- 3.6 Phenomenology of the clinical encounter -- CHAPTER 4 The principle of Justice in a secular society -- 4.1 Being-with-one-another and the Golden Rule -- 4.1.1 Being-with-one-another -- 4.1.2 The Golden Rule -- 4.2 Common Values -- 4.2.1 Implications in Bioethics -- 4.2.2 The naturalistic fallacy -- 4.3 Common morality and Being-with-one-another -- 4.3.1 Confronting rival traditions -- 4.3.2 Being-with-one-another -- CHAPTER 5 The question of social construct theories Reappraising and phenomenology of the doctor-patient relationship.- 5.1 Post-modernism and medicine -- 5.2 Socially constructed theories -- 5.3 A philosophy based on the phenomenology of the relationship -- 5.4 The ontology of the patient, the doctor and the relationship -- 5.5 Truth concealed -- 5.6 The Clinical Encounter -- CHAPTER 6.- Conclusion -- BIBLIOGRAPHY.
    Abstract: This book serves to unite biomedical principles, which have been criticized as a model for solving moral dilemmas by inserting them and understanding them through the perspective of the phenomenon of health care relationship. Consequently, it attributes a possible unification of virtue-based and principle-based approaches
    Description / Table of Contents: The Natureof the Doctor-PatientRelationship; Contents; 1 Introduction; 2 Critical Overview of Principlist Theories; 2.1…The 'Four-Principles' Approach; 2.1.1 Theoretical Basis; 2.1.2 The Paradigm Case; 2.1.3 The Doctor--Patient Relationship; 2.2…Robert Veatch's Model of Lexical Ordering; 2.3…The Principle of Permission; 3 Phenomenological Roots of Principles; 3.1…The Nature of the Physician--Patient Relationship; 3.1.1 Communication; 3.1.2 Goals of Medicine; 3.1.3 The 'Care' in Health Care; 3.1.4 The Special Bond; 3.2…The Principle of Beneficence and Virtue; 3.3…Nonmaleficence
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.3.1 Patient Authority or Trust3.3.2 Epistemology; 3.4…Respect for Autonomy; 3.4.1 A Historical and Epistemological Perspective of Autonomy; 3.4.2 A Cultural Appraisal; 3.5…The Dual Nature of Justice; 3.5.1 The Justice of Society; 3.5.2 Justice in Health-Care; 4 Principles as a Consequence of the Relationship; 4.1…Need for Grounding Principles in the Relationship; 4.2…Defining the Ontological Entities; 4.3…The Physician as an Entity; 4.3.1 Levelling-Down of Medical Relationships; 4.3.2 Being as Understanding; 4.4…The Patient as Entity: Potential for being Truly-Autonomous
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.4.1 Dimensions of the Illness Experience4.4.2 True Autonomy and the ''Authenticity'' of the Relationship; 4.5…Hermeneutics of the Relationship; 4.6…Phenomenology of the Clinical Encounter; 5 Conclusion; Bibilography;
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  • 71
    ISBN: 9789400747883
    Language: English
    Pages: xxxvi, 328 Seiten
    Series Statement: Philosophical studies series volume 118
    Series Statement: Philosophical studies series
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Kühler, Michael, 1973 - Autonomy and the Self
    DDC: 126
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Autonomy (Philosophy) ; Self (Philosophy) ; Ethics, Modern ; Konferenzschrift 2008 ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift ; Autonomie ; Selbst ; Willensfreiheit ; Selbstständigkeit ; Person ; Selbst ; Person ; Norm
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction / Michael Kühler and Nadja JelinekPART I. Autonomy and free will -- Freedom without choice? / Gottfried Seebass -- Freedom and normativity : varieties of free will / Barbara Merker -- PART II. Autonomy, the self, and the role of personal traits -- Norm-guided formation of cares without volitional necessity : a response to Frankfurt / John J. Davenport -- Dynamics in autonomy : articulating one's commitments / Nadja Jelinek -- The normative significance of personal projects / Monika Betzler -- Normative self-constitution and individual autonomy / John Christman -- Psychocorporeal selfhood, practical intelligence, and adaptive autonomy / Diana Tietjens Meyers -- Emotion, autonomy, and weakness of will / Sabine A. Döring -- Who am I to uphold unrealizable normative claims? / Michael Kühler -- PART III. Autonomy and the self within society's grip -- Paternalistic love and reasons for caring / Bennett W. Helm -- Self-identity and moral agency / Marina Oshana -- Being identical by being (treated as) responsible / Michael Quante -- Integrity endangered by hypocrisy / Nora Hangel -- Who can I blame? / Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen.
    Note: Literaturangaben
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  • 72
    ISBN: 9780415637589
    Language: English
    Pages: IX, 252 S. , Ill. , cm
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Giorgio Agamben
    DDC: 340/.1
    RVK:
    Keywords: Agamben, Giorgio ; Law Philosophy ; Political science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Agamben, Giorgio 1942-
    Abstract: "Giorgio Agamben: Legal, Political and Philosophical Perspectives brings together contributions from scholars in a number of fields including many who have worked closely with Agamben in order to argue that Agambens thought is vital to the future directions of research in the humanities and social sciences. The book is divided into three sections, each coalescing around a different perspective. Contributions in the first section examine the potential for Agambens thought to impact upon future legal scholarship. Papers draw upon wide ranging issues such as legal oaths, legal reasoning and Hegels Philosophy of Right. The second section focuses on political perspectives that include references to Marx, Žižek and Agambens concept of the messianic. The third section considers philosophical perspectives on Agambens thought, and draws upon art theory, Franz Kafka, and the thought of Gilles Deleuze, Walter Benjamin and Emmanuel Levinas. All three sections, however, address the potential of Agambens thought by re-focusing attention away from his critiques of Western politics and towards his scheme for a political future. As such the book maintains that Agamben is an important and thoroughly original figure, who has articulated a vision of politics, and of community, that is both achievable and worth recognising. "--
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  • 73
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400756724 , 1283908972 , 9781283908979
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 85 p, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Ethics
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Fröding, Barbro Virtue ethics and human enhancement
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Medizinische Ethik
    Abstract: This book shows how pressing issues in bioethics - e.g. the ownership of biological material and human cognitive enhancement - successfully can be discussed with in a virtue ethics framework. This is not intended as a complete or exegetic account of virtue ethics. Rather, the aim here is to discuss how some key ideas in Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics, when interpreted pragmatically, can be a productive way to approach some hot issues in bioethics. In spite of being a very promising theoretical perspective virtue ethics has so far been underdeveloped both in bioethics and neuroethics and most discussions have been conducted in consequentialist and/or deontological terms
    Description / Table of Contents: INTRODUCTION -- CHAPTER 1; THE PROBLEM -- CHAPTER 2; THE GOOD LIFE -- CHAPTER 3; THE BIOLOGICAL OBSTACLES -- CHAPTER 4; ARISTOTLE’S VIRTUES AND HOW TO ACQUIRE THEM -- CHAPTER 5; EXAMPLES OF USEFUL CAPACITIES -- CHAPTER 6; CRITIQUE OF VIRTUE ETHICS -- CHAPTER 7; THREE ENHANCEMENT METHODS -- CHAPTER 8 ; CONCLUSION.
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400753570 , 1283936097 , 9781283936095
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 215 p. 23 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 362
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Bayesian argumentation
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Computer simulation ; Applied linguistics ; Social sciences Methodology ; Applied psychology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Computer simulation ; Applied linguistics ; Social sciences Methodology ; Applied psychology ; Reasoning (Psychology) ; Congresses ; Logic ; Congresses ; Thought and thinking ; Congresses ; Probabilities ; Congresses ; Bayesian statistical decision theory ; Congresses ; Konferenzschrift ; Argumentationstheorie ; Bayes-Entscheidungstheorie
    Abstract: Relevant to, and drawing from, a range of disciplines, the chapters in this collection show the diversity, and applicability, of research in Bayesian argumentation. Together, they form a challenge to philosophers versed in both the use and criticism of Bayesian models who have largely overlooked their potential in argumentation. Selected from contributions to a multidisciplinary workshop on the topic held in Lund, Sweden, in autumn 2010, the authors count legal scholars and cognitive scientists among their number, in addition to philosophers. They analyze material that includes real-life court cases, experimental research results, and the insights gained from computer models.The volume provides a formal measure of subjective argument strength and argument force, robust enough to allow advocates of opposing sides of an argument to agree on the relative strengths of their supporting reasoning. With papers from leading figures such as Mike Oaksford and Ulrike Hahn, the book comprises recent research conducted at the frontiers of Bayesian argumentation and provides a multitude of examples in which these formal tools can be applied to informal argument. It signals new and impending developments in philosophy, which has seen Bayesian models deployed in formal epistemology and philosophy of science, but has yet to explore the full potential of Bayesian models as a framework in argumentation. In doing so, this revealing anthology looks destined to become a standard teaching text in years to come.
    Description / Table of Contents: Bayesian Argumentation; Foreword; Contents; Bayesian Argumentation: The Practical Side of Probability; 1 Introduction; 2 The Bayesian Approach to Argumentation; 3 Chapter Overview; 3.1 The Bayesian Approach to Argumentation; 3.2 The Legal Domain; 3.3 Modeling Rational Agents; 3.4 Theoretical Issues; References; Part I: The Bayesian Approach to Argumentation; Testimony and Argument: A Bayesian Perspective; 1 Introduction; 2 Testimony, Argumentation and the `Third Way´; 3 Some Problems for MAXMIN; 4 A Bayesian Perspective; 5 Message Content and Message Source: Exploring Norms and Intuitions
    Description / Table of Contents: 6 Rehousing Argumentation Schemes Within a Bayesian Framework7 Concluding Remarks; References; Why Are We Convinced by the Ad Hominem Argument?: Bayesian Source Reliability and Pragma-Dialectical Discussion Rules; 1 Types of the Argumentum Ad Hominem; 2 The Pragma-Dialectical Approach; 3 The Bayesian Approach; 4 An Experiment on the Argument Ad Hominem; 5 Method; 6 Results and Discussion; 7 Conclusion; Appendix: Experimental Materials; Abusive; Circumstantial; Tu Quoque; Control; References; 1 Introduction; 2 Survey of Relevant Uncertainties; Part II: The Legal Domain
    Description / Table of Contents: A Survey of Uncertainties and Their Consequences in Probabilistic Legal Argumentation2.1 The Example Case; 2.2 Factual Uncertainty; 2.3 Normative Uncertainty; 2.4 Moral Uncertainty; 2.5 Empirical Uncertainty; 2.6 Interdependencies; 3 Desirable Attributes for a Probabilistic Argument Model to Assist Litigation Planning; 3.1 Assessment of Utilities; 3.2 Easy Knowledge Engineering; 3.3 Conflict Resolution and Argument Weights; 4 Sample Assessment of Graphical Models; 4.1 A Graphical Structure of the Analysis; 4.2 Casting the Example into a Graphical Model; 4.3 Generic Bayesian Networks
    Description / Table of Contents: 5 Carneades5.1 A Brief Introduction to the Carneades Model; 5.2 Carneades Bayesian Networks; 5.3 Carneades Bayesian Networks with Probabilistic Assumptions; 5.4 Introduction to Argument Weights; 6 Extension of Carneades to Support Probabilistic Argument Weights; 7 Desiderata for Future Developments; 7.1 Weights Subject to Argumentation; 7.2 Inform Weights from Values; 8 Conclusions and Future Work; References; Was It Wrong to Use Statistics in R v Clark? A Case Study of the Use of Statistical Evidence in Criminal Courts; 1 Introduction; 2 Factual Background; 3 Existing Explanations
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.1 The Flaws in Meadow´s Calculation3.2 The Psychological Effect of the Statistical Evidence; 3.3 The Prosecutor´s Fallacy; 3.4 Bayes´ Theorem; 3.5 The Insignificance of the SIDS Statistics; 4 The Contrastive Explanation; 5 Conclusion; References; Part III: Modeling Rational Agents; A Bayesian Simulation Model of Group Deliberation and Polarization; 1 Introduction; 2 The Laputa Simulation Framework; 3 The Underlying Bayesian Model; 4 Interpreting Laputa; 5 Do Bayesian Inquirers Polarize?; 6 Conclusion and Discussion; Appendix; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Degrees of Justification, Bayes´ Rule, and Rationality
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: Frank Zenker.​- Part 1 -- The Bayesian Approach to Argumentation -- Chapter 1. Testimony and Argument: A Bayesian Perspective: Ulrike Hahn, Mike Oaksford and Adam J.L. Harris -- Chapter 2. Why are we convinced by the Ad Hominem Argument?: Source Reliability or Pragma-Dialectics: Mike Oaksford and Ulrike Hahn.- Part 2. The Legal Domain.-Chapter 3. A survey of uncertainties and their consequences in Probabilistic Legal Argumentation: Matthias Grabmair and Kevin D. Ashley -- Chapter 4. What went wrong in the case of Sally Clark? A case-study of the use of Statistical Evidence in Court: Amid Pundik -- Part 3. Modeling Rational Agents -- Chapter 5. A Bayesian Simulation Model of Group Deliberation: Erik J. Olsson -- Chapter 6. Degrees of Justification, Bayes' Rule, and Rationality: Gregor Betz -- Chapter 7. Argumentation with (Bounded) Rational Agents: Robert van Rooij and Kris de Jaeghery -- Part 4. Theoretical Issues -- Chapter 8. Reductio, Coherence, and the Myth of Epistemic Circularity: Tomoji Shogenji -- Chapter 9. On Argument Strength: Niki Pfeiffer -- Chapter 10 -- Upping the Stakes and the Preface Paradox: Jonny Blamey -- References.​.
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  • 75
    ISBN: 9789400750678 , 1299198147 , 9781299198142
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 179 p. 4 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 296
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. The structural links between ecology, evolution and ethics
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Evolution (Biology) ; History ; Congresses ; Ecology ; History ; Congresses ; Environmental ethics ; Congresses ; Konferenzschrift 2005 ; Ökologie ; Evolution ; Ethik ; Bioethik ; Ökologie ; Evolutionsbiologie
    Abstract: Evolutionary biology, ecology and ethics: at first glance, three different objects of research, three different worldviews and three different scientific communities. In reality, there are both structural and historical links between these disciplines. First, some topics are obviously common across the board. Second, the emerging need for environmental policy management has gradually but radically changed the relationship between these disciplines. Over the last decades in particular, there has emerged a need for an interconnecting meta-paradigm that integrates more strictly evolutionary studies, biodiversity studies and the ethical frameworks that are most appropriate for allowing a lasting co-evolution between natural and social systems. Today such a need is more than a mere luxury, it is an epistemological and practical necessity.In short, the authors of this volume address some of the foundational themes that interconnect evolutionary studies, ecology and ethics. Here they have chosen to analyze a topic using one of these specific disciplines as a kind of epistemological platform with specific links to topics from one or both of the remaining disciplines
    Description / Table of Contents: The Structural Linksbetween Ecology, Evolution and Ethics; Acknowledgements; Contents; Contributors; List of Figures; Chapter 1: Ecology, Evolution, Ethics: In Search of a Meta-paradigm - An Introduction; 1.1 Some Landmarks of an Interweaved History of Ecology, Evolution and Ethics; 1.2 Looking for an Epistemic and Practical Meta-paradigm: The Transactional Framework; 1.3 Evolution between Ethics and Creationism; 1.4 Chance and Time between Evolution and Ecology; 1.5 Ethics between Ecology and Evolution; Notes; References; Chapter 2: Evolution Versus Creation: A Sibling Rivalry?
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1 Before The Origin2.2 Charles Darwin; 2.3 The Darwinian Evangelist; 2.4 The Twenty-first Century; References; Chapter 3: Evolution and Chance; 3.1 Three Meanings of the Concept of Chance; 3.1.1 Luck; 3.1.2 Random Events; 3.1.3 Contingency with Respect to a Theoretical System; 3.2 Modalities of Chance in the Biology of Evolution; 3.2.1 Mutation; 3.2.2 Random Genetic Drift; 3.2.3 Genetic Revolution; 3.2.4 The Ecosystem Level; 3.2.5 The Macroevolutionary Level (Paleobiology); 3.2.6 Other Cases; 3.3 Conclusion; Notes; References; Chapter 4: Some Conceptions of Time in Ecology
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.1 Scales of Time4.2 The Chronological Issue; 4.3 Crop Rotation; 4.4 Succession and Equilibrium; 4.5 Irreversibility and Unpredictability; 4.6 Persistence and Anticipation; Notes; References; Chapter 5: Facts, Values, and Analogies: A Darwinian Approach to Environmental Choice; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Naturalism: The Method of Experience; 5.3 An Empirical Hypothesis; 5.4 Scaling and Environmental Problem Formulation; 5.5 Darwin and Environmental Ethics; Note; References; Chapter 6: Towards EcoEvoEthics; 6.1 An Equilibrium World and the Ecosystem Paradigm
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.2 Protection of Nature: The Path to Ecology6.3 Ecocentrism, the Ethical Counterpart of the Ecosystem Paradigm; 6.4 Ecology Meets Evolution: The Co-change Paradigm; 6.5 An Eco-evolutionary Ethics Is Needed; 6.6 Uniqueness, Diversity, and Evolutionary Values; 6.7 Conclusion; Notes; References; Chapter 7: Ecology and Moral Ontology; 7.1 The Superorganism Paradigm in Ecology; 7.2 The Ecosystem Paradigm in Ecology; 7.3 The Rise and Fall of Ecosystems as Superorganisms; 7.4 Organisms as Superecosystems; 7.5 Classical and Recent Expressions of the Organism as Superecosystem Concept
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.6 From a Modern to a Post-modern Moral Ontology7.7 Post-modern Ecological Moral Ontology: Toward an Erotic Ethic; References; Chapter 8: Animal Rights and Environmental Ethics; 8.1 Defining Characteristics of Moral Rights; 8.1.1 ``No Trespassing´´; 8.1.2 Equality; 8.1.3 Trump; 8.1.4 Respect; 8.2 Who Has Moral Rights?; 8.2.1 Subjects-of-a-Life; 8.2.2 Animal Rights; 8.3 A Number of Environmentally-based Objections Have Been Raised Against the Rights View2; 8.3.1 The Rights View and Predator-Prey Relations; 8.3.2 The Rights View and Endangered Species; Notes; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 9: Reconciling Individualist and Deeper Environmentalist Theories? An Exploration
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  • 76
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400743458
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 338 p. 9 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 282
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. The mechanization of natural philosophy
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy ; Science ; Philosophy ; History ; 16th century ; Science ; Philosophy ; History ; 17th century ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Naturphilosophie ; Mechanismus ; Ideengeschichte 1550-1720
    Abstract: The Mechanisation of Natural Philosophy is devoted to various aspects of the transformation of natural philosophy during the 16th and 17th centuries that is usually described as mechanical philosophy .Drawing the border between the old Aristotelianism and the « new » mechanical philosophy faces historians with a delicate task, if not an impossible mission. There were many natural philosophers who actually crossed the border between the two worlds, and, inside each of these worlds, there was a vast spectrum of doctrines, arguments and intellectual practices. The expression mechanical philosophy is burdened with ambiguities. It may refer to at least three different enterprises: a description of nature in mathematical terms; the comparison of natural phenomena to existing or imaginary machines; the use in natural philosophy of mechanical analogies, i.e. analogies conceived in terms of matter and motion alone.However mechanical philosophy is defined, its ambition was greater than its real successes. There were few mathematisations of phenomena. The machines of mechanical philosophers were not only imaginary, but had little to do with the machines of mecanicians. In most of the natural sciences, analogies in terms of matter and motion alone failed to provide satisfactory accounts of phenomena.By the same authors: Mechanics and Natural Philosophy before the Scientific Revolution (Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 254).
    Description / Table of Contents: The Mechanization of Natural Philosophy; Preface; Contents; Contributors; Introduction; Part I: The Construction of Historical Categories; Chapter 1: Remarks on the Pre-history of the Mechanical Philosophy; 1.1 What Was the Mechanical Philosophy?; 1.2 The Mechanical Philosophy Before Boyle; 1.3 Bacon; 1.4 Galileo; 1.5 Mersenne; 1.6 Descartes/Gassendi/Hobbes: Mechanical Philosophers?; 1.7 Novatores, Latitudinarians, and the Construction of the Mechanical Philosophy; 1.8 A Broader Conception of Mechanism?; Chapter 2: How Bacon Became Baconian
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1 The Meaning of Mechanical Operation in Bacon's Oeuvre2.2 Mechanical and Vital Readings of Bacon's Natural Philosophy in Seventeenth-Century England; 2.3 Conclusion; Chapter 3: An Empire Divided: French Natural Philosophy (1670-1690); 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 A Debate on Natural Philosophy; 3.3 On the Side of the New Philosophers; 3.3.1 The Methodology of Ontology: Beings Should Not Be Multiplied Without Necessity; 3.3.2 The Way of Physics: Physics Should Explain Phenomena, Namely, Give Efficient Causes; 3.3.3 Ontological Categories: The Bipartition Between Body and Soul Should Be Respected
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.3.4 The Social Twist3.4 On the Side of the Old Philosophers; 3.4.1 The Methodology of Ontology: The Multiplication of Corpuscles and the Missing Metaphysical Supplement; 3.4.2 The Way of Physics: One Should Not Indulge in Hypotheses, Ignore Experiments and Use Empty Words; 3.4.3 The Ontological Categories and the Controversy Over Animal Souls; 3.4.4 Another Social Twist; 3.5 Conclusions; Part II: Matter, Motion, Physics and Mathematics; Chapter 4: Matter and Form in Sixteenth-Century Spain: Some Case Studies; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 The Corpuscular Theories of the Physician d'Olesa
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.2.1 Elements, Minima and Qualities4.2.2 The Problem of Mixture; 4.2.3 A Corpuscular Theory of Light and Vision; 4.3 The Absence of a Tradition; 4.3.1 The Hypothesis of Menéndez Pelayo; 4.3.2 The Salamacan Physician Gomez Pereira; 4.3.3 The Salamacan Physician Francisco Valles; 4.4 Conclusion; Chapter 5: The Composition of Space, Time and Matter According to Isaac Newton and John Keill; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 The Isomorphism of Space, Time and Matter in Early Modern Natural Philosophy; 5.3 The Evolution of Newton's Views on the Composition of Space, Time and Matter
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.4 The Isomorphism of Space, Time and Matter According to John Keill5.5 Conclusion; Chapter 6: Beeckman, Descartes and Physico-Mathematics; 6.1 Beeckman; 6.1.1 Persistence of Motion; 6.1.2 Persistence of the Form of a Motion; 6.1.3 Conservation in the Exchange of Motion; 6.1.4 Isoperimetric Figures; 6.2 Descartes; 6.2.1 Persistence of Motion; 6.2.2 Communication of Motion; 6.2.3 Persistence and Direction; 6.3 Physico-Mathematics; Chapter 7: Between Mathematics and Experimental Philosophy: Hydrostatics in Scotland About 1700; 7.1 Between Mathematics and Experimental Philosophy
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.2 The Mathematical Hydrostatics of Wallis, Gregorie, and Newton
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  • 77
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400748309 , 1283634163 , 9781283634168
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 316 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 103
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
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    Keywords: Ethics ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Law ; Law ; Ethics ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Austin, John 1790-1859 ; Rechtsethik
    Abstract: This is the first ever collected volume on John Austin, whose role in the founding of analytical jurisprudence is unquestionable. After 150 years, time has come to assess his legacy. The book fills a void in existing literature, by letting top scholars with diverse outlooks flesh out and discuss Austin's legacy today. A nuanced, vibrant, and richly diverse picture of both his legal and ethical theories emerges, making a case for a renewal of interest in his work. The book applies multiple perspectives, reflecting Austin's various interests - stretching from moral theory to theory of law and state, from roman law to constitutional law - and it offers a comparative outlook on Austin and his legacy on the backdrop of the contemporary debate and major movements within legal theory. It sheds new light on some central issues of practical reasoning: the relation between law and morals, the nature of legal systems, the function of effectiveness, the value-free character of legal theory, the connection between normative and factual inquiries in the law, the role of power, the character of obedience and the notion of duty?
    Abstract: This is the first ever collected volume on John Austin, whose role in the founding of analytical jurisprudence is unquestionable. After 150 years, time has come to assess his legacy. The book fills a void in existing literature, by letting top scholars with diverse outlooks flesh out and discuss Austins legacy today. A nuanced, vibrant, and richly diverse picture of both his legal and ethical theories emerges, making a case for a renewal of interest in his work. The book applies multiple perspectives, reflecting Austins various interests stretching from moral theory to theory of law and state, from Roman Law to Constitutional Law and it offers a comparative outlook on Austin and his legacy in the light of the contemporary debate and major movements within legal theory. It sheds new light on some central issues of practical reasoning: the relation between law and morals, the nature of legal systems, the function of effectiveness, the value-free character of legal theory, the connection between normative and factual inquiries in the law, the role of power, the character of obedience and the notion of duty.?
    Description / Table of Contents: The Legacy of John Austin's Jurisprudence; Preface; Contents; Chapter 1: John Austin and Constructing Theories of Law*; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Deviations and Mistakes; 1.3 Hart and Errors; 1.4 Trade-Offs; 1.5 Not (Quite) Trade-Offs; 1.6 Is Law Distinctive?; 1.7 A Different View of Austin; 1.8 Conclusion; Chapter 2: Austin's Methodology? His Bequest to Jurisprudence; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 The Controversy; 2.3 Theoretical Contestability and Theoretical Disagreement; 2.4 Austin's Ambitious Insight and Methodology; 2.5 The Detection of Doubt; 2.6 Reassessing Austin's Legacy
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 3: "Darkening the Fair Face of Roman Law": Austin and Roman Law3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Austin's Knowledge of Roman Law; 3.3 Austin's Use of Roman Law; 3.4 Conclusion; Chapter 4: Austin, Kelsen, and the Model of Sovereignty: Notes on the History of Modern Legal Positivism*; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Austin, Kelsen, and the Aims of Legal Theory; 4.3 Kelsen's Rejection of the Command Theory; 4.4 Austin and Kelsen on Legal Duties and the Structure of Legal Norms; 4.5 Austin, Kelsen, and the Illimitability of Sovereign Power; 4.6 Austin, Kelsen, and the Status of International Law
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.7 ConclusionChapter 5: Austin and Scandinavian Realism; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Comparing Apples and Oranges, and Why Bother; 5.3 Affinities; 5.3.1 A Family Resemblance with Hume's Principle; 5.3.2 The Common Methodological Afflatus; 5.3.3 The Interest for General Jurisprudence; 5.4 Criticising the Will Theory; 5.4.1 Hägerström Reads Austin; 5.4.2 Olivecrona Reads Austin; 5.5 Core Differences; 5.5.1 The View of Morals; 5.5.1.1 The View of Coercion; 5.6 Conclusion; Chapter 6: Sense and Nonsense About Austin's Jurisprudence from a Scandinavian Perspective*; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Ross on Austin
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.3 Hägerström on Austin6.4 Lundstedt on Austin; 6.5 Olivecrona on Austin; 6.6 Conclusion; Chapter 7: Did Austin Remain an Austinian?; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 The Text Behind Hamburgers' Argument; 7.3 What Does It Mean to Be an Austinian?; 7.3.1 The Conception of Sovereignty; 7.3.2 The Conception of Liberty; 7.3.3 A Critique of Natural Law and Rights; 7.3.4 The Principle of Utility; 7.4 Basis for Alleged Changes in His Legal Philosophy; 7.5 What About the Work He Never Started?; 7.6 Is A Plea for the Constitution Non-Austinian?; 7.7 Conclusions; Chapter 8: Austin and the Electors*
    Description / Table of Contents: 8.1 Introduction8.2 Two Theories of Sovereignty; 8.2.1 The First Theory: Personal Sovereignty; 8.2.2 The Second Theory: Impersonal Sovereignty; 8.3 Sovereignty and Publicity; 8.3.1 Generality of Laws; 8.3.2 Superiority; 8.3.3 Publicity; 8.4 "An Enemy to Itself"; 8.5 Conclusion; Chapter 9: Positive Divine Law in Austin*; 9.1 The Last of the Schoolmen; 9.2 Is There a Positive Divine Law?; 9.3 Revealed and Unrevealed Divine Law; 9.4 All Obligation Rests on Divine Command; Chapter 10: What Is in a Habit?; 10.1 Introduction; 10.2 Habit in Other Disciplines; 10.2.1 Philosophical Coverage
    Description / Table of Contents: 10.2.2 Psychological Coverage
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400721876 , 1283633663 , 9781283633666
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 289 p. 10 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library 71
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Hume, David 1711-1776 A treatise of human nature ; Objekt
    Abstract: This book provides the first comprehensive account of Humes conception of objects in Book I of A Treatise of Human Nature. What, according to Hume, are objects? Ideas? Impressions? Mind-independent objects? All three? None of the above? Through a close textual analysis, Rocknak shows that Hume thought that objects are imagined ideas. But, she argues, he struggled with two accounts of how and when we imagine such ideas. On the one hand, Hume believed that we always and universally imagine that objects are the causes of our perceptions. On the other hand, he thought that we only imagine such causes when we reach a "philosophical level of thought. This tension manifests itself in Humes account of personal identity; a tension that, Rocknak argues, Hume acknowledges in the Appendix to the Treatise. As a result of Rocknaks detailed account of Humes conception of objects, we are forced to accommodate new interpretations of, at least, Humes notions of belief, personal identity, justification and causality.
    Description / Table of Contents: Imagined Causes: Hume's Conception of Objects; Contents; General Introduction; General Overview; Structure of This Book; Part I: Laying the Groundwork; Introduction to Part I; Chapter 1: Four Distinctions; 1 Introduction; 2 Distinction #1: Impressions v. Ideas; 2.1 A Note on Hume's Psychological Method; 3 Distinction #2: Impressions of Sensation v. Impressions of Reflection; 4 The Scope of the Memory and Imagination; 5 Distinction #3: Simple Perceptions v. Complex Perceptions; 5.1 General Overview; 5.2 The Origin of Simple Ideas; 5.3 The Separability of Simple Ideas
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.4 The Origin of Complex Ideas6 Distinction #4: The Principle of Imagination v. the Principle of Memory; 7 Representation 25; 7.1 The Precision Argument: Beattie; 7.2 Response to Beattie; 7.3 The Relational Argument: Falkenstein; 7.4 A Response to Falkenstein; 7.5 The Qualitative Argument: Garrett; 7.6 Response to Garrett; 7.7 Textual Evidence that Directly Opposes the Replication Theory; 8 Summary; 8.1 Principles; Chapter 2: Elementary Belief, Causally-Produced Belief and the Natural Relation of Causality; 1 Introduction; 2 Elementary Belief: The Positive Account of Induction, Part I
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1 Of the Component Parts of Our Reasonings Concerning Cause and Effect: An Analysis of 1.3.42.2 Of the Impressions of the Senses and Memory: An Analysis of 1.3.5; 2.3 Of the Inference from the Impression to the Idea: An Analysis of 1.3.6; 2.3.1 Experience; 3 Causally-Produced Belief: The Positive Account of Induction, Part II; 4 Necessity: The Negative Account of Induction; 4.1 Why Reason Does Not Provide the Idea of Causal Necessity; 4.2 The Role of the Imagination; 4.3 The Role of Resemblance; A Partial Analysis of 1.3.14
    Description / Table of Contents: 5 The Natural Relation of Causality v. The Philosophical Relation of Causality: A Closer Look6 Humean Reason: An Overview; 6.1 Reasoning as a Comparison: Demonstrative v. Probable; 7 Summary; Chapter 3: The Two Systems of Reality; 1 Introduction; 2 The Two Systems; 3 Elementary Beliefs and Causally-Produced Beliefs: How Do They Operate in Hume's Two Systems of Reality?; 4 General Rules; 5 Resemblance and Contiguity; 6 Justification: What We Know So Far; 7 Summary; Summary of Part I; Part II: Perfect Identity and the Transcendental Imagination; Introduction to Part II
    Description / Table of Contents: A Brief Review of the ScholarshipPrice; Kemp Smith; Wilbanks; Waxman; Summary; Transcendentalism and Naturalism: A Happy Marriage?; Structural Overview of Part II; Chapter 4: Proto-Objects; 1 Introduction; 2 A Brief Review of the Different Meanings of a Humean Object; 3 Six Instances Where 'Object' Means Simple Idea; 4 Proto-Objects Do Not Admit of a Perfect Identity; 4.1 A Preliminary Glance at "Perfect Identity"; 4.2 Proto Objects and Continuity and Distinctness; 4.2.1 Why the Senses Are Not Responsible for Our Belief in the Continued and Distinct Existence of Objects
    Description / Table of Contents: 5 Continuity and Distinctness v. Uninterruptedness and Invariability
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  • 79
    ISBN: 9789400749511
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 259 p. 1 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 32
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Science Philosophy
    Abstract: This book is a radical reappraisal of the importance of Aristotelianism in Britain. Using a full range of manuscripts as well as printed sources, it provides an entirely new interpretation of the impact of the early-modern Aristotelian tradition upon the rise of British Empiricism, and reexamines the fundamental shift from a humanist logic to epistemology and facultative logic. The task is to reconstruct the philosophical background and framework in which the thought of philosophers such Locke, Berkeley and Hume originated: some aspects of their empiricism can be explained only in reference to the academic Aristotelian tradition, even if these authors established themselves as anti-scholastic, anti-Aristotelian philosophers outside the official institutions.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Introduction -- 2 Logic in the British Isles during the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries -- 3 Logic in the Universities of the British Isles -- 4 Zabarella’s Empiricism 5 Early Aristotelianism between Humanism and Ramism -- the British School 7 Continental Aristotelians in the British Isles -- 8 The Empiricism of the Seventeenth-Century Aristotelianism -- 9. The Reformers of Aristotelian Logic -- 10 Late Seventeenth-Century Aristotelianism -- 11 Conclusion -- Bibliography.-Index ​.
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  • 80
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400747890
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXVI, 328 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 118
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Autonomy and the self
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of mind ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Autonomie ; Selbst ; Willensfreiheit ; Selbstständigkeit ; Person
    Abstract: This volume addresses the complex interplay between the conditions of an agent's personal autonomy and the constitution of her self in light of two influential background assumptions: a libertarian thesis according to which it is essential for personal autonomy to be able to choose freely how one's self is shaped, on the one hand, and a line of thought following especially the seminal work of Harry Frankfurt according to which personal autonomy necessarily rests on an already sufficiently shaped self, on the other hand. Given this conceptual framework, a number of influential aspects within current debate can be addressed in a new and illuminating light: accordingly, the volume's contributions range from 1) discussing fundamental conceptual interconnections between personal autonomy and freedom of the will, 2) addressing the exact role and understanding of different personal traits, e.g. Frankfurt's notion of volitional necessities, commitments to norms and ideals, emotions, the phenomenon of weakness of will, and psychocorporeal aspects, 3) and finally taking into account social influences, which are discussed in terms of their ability to buttress, to weaken, or even to serve as necessary preconditions of personal autonomy and the forming of one's self. The volume thus provides readers with an extensive and most up-to-date discussion of various influential strands of current philosophical debate on the topic. It is of equal interest to all those already engaged in the debate as well as to readers trying to get an up-to-date overview or looking for a textbook to use in courses
    Abstract: This volume addresses the complex interplay between the conditions of an agent’s personal autonomy and the constitution of her self in light of two influential background assumptions: a libertarian thesis according to which it is essential for personal autonomy to be able to choose freely how one’s self is shaped, on the one hand, and a line of thought following especially the seminal work of Harry Frankfurt according to which personal autonomy necessarily rests on an already sufficiently shaped self, on the other hand. Given this conceptual framework, a number of influential aspects within current debate can be addressed in a new and illuminating light: accordingly, the volume’s contributions range from 1) discussing fundamental conceptual interconnections between personal autonomy and freedom of the will, 2) addressing the exact role and understanding of different personal traits, e.g. Frankfurt’s notion of volitional necessities, commitments to norms and ideals, emotions, the phenomenon of weakness of will, and psychocorporeal aspects, 3) and finally taking into account social influences, which are discussed in terms of their ability to buttress, to weaken, or even to serve as necessary preconditions of personal autonomy and the forming of one’s self. The volume thus provides readers with an extensive and most up-to-date discussion of various influential strands of current philosophical debate on the topic. It is of equal interest to all those already engaged in the debate as well as to readers trying to get an up-to-date overview or looking for a textbook to use in courses.
    Description / Table of Contents: Autonomy and the Self; Foreword; Contents; Introduction; The Self; Subjectivist Accounts of the Self; Existential Account; Essential Nature Account; Social-Relational Accounts of the Self; Narrative Accounts of the Self; Autonomy and the Self; Existential cum Libertarian Thesis; Authenticity via Essential Nature Thesis; Internal vs. External Aspects of Autonomy and the Self; Autonomy, the Self, and Limited Freedom; Overview of Contributions; Part I: Autonomy and Free Will; Part II: Autonomy, the Self, and the Role of Personal T raits; Part III: Autonomy and the Self Within Society's Grip
    Description / Table of Contents: ReferencesPart I: Autonomy and Free Will; Freedom Without Choice?; 1 Introducing the Problem; 2 The Concept of Freedom; 3 Cutting the Possibilities Criterion; 4 Advancing the Criterion of "Naturalness"; 5 Freedom Dependent on Actual Choice; 6 Freedom Dependent on Possible Choice; 7 Possible Forms of Freedom Without Choice; 8 Conclusion; References; Freedom and Normativity - Varieties of Free Will; 1 Terminological and Substantial Disputes About Free Will; 2 The Evaluative Approach; 3 Varieties of Free Will; 3.1 Reflexivity or Capacity for Self- Consciousness
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.2 The Internal Structure of Free Will3.2.1 The Will I Experience as My Own; 3.2.2 The Will I Experience Wholeheartedly as My Own; 3.2.3 The Will I Try to Make My Own; 3.2.4 Will with the (Positive or Indifferent) Experience of Having Alternative Possibilities (Willkürfreiheit); 3.2.5 The Will I Experience (Positively) as Being Without Alternatives (Necessary Will); 3.2.6 Diachronic and Dynamic Will; 3.2.7 Strong or Rational Will; 3.3 The Context of Embedded Will; 3.3.1 The Will Which Is My Own (Authentic Will); 3.3.2 The Will I Make My Own (Autonomous Will)
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.3.3 Will with and Without Alternative Possibilities of Willing3.3.4 Will with Good Options; 3.3.5 Realizable Will; 3.3.6 Recognized Will; 3.3.7 Accountable and Responsible Will; 3.4 The Content of Free Will; 3.4.1 The Will Which Wills Free Will; 3.4.2 Prudent, Moral, and Legal Will; 3.4.3 Collective or Shared Will; 3.4.4 Transgressing Borders: Extended Will; 3.4.5 Ethical (Sittlicher) Will; References; Part II: Autonomy, the Self, and the Role of Personal Traits; Norm-Guided Formation of Cares Without Volitional Necessity - A Response to Frankfurt
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Introduction : Identification, Leeway, and Existential Autonomy2 Preliminaries: Rationalist Constitutivism and Arguments Against Leeway-Liberty; 3 From Caring to Volitional Necessities: Frankfurt's VN-Arguments; 3.1 Identification, Caring, and Love; 3.2 Frankfurt's Kantian Analogy; 3.3 Frankfurt's Integrity Argument; 3.4 The Emptiness of Total Liberty; 4 An Existentialist Response to Frankfurt: Projective Motivation and Norms; 4.1 Frankfurt's False Dichotomy and Internalism; 4.2 Normative Authority Without Prior Motives; 4.3 Existential Autonomy with Leeway-Liberty to the Core
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.4 The Dilution of Options by Too Many Alternatives?
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword -- Introduction; Michael Kühler, Nadja Jelinek -- Section I: Autonomy and Free Will -- 1. Freedom Without Choice?; Gottfried Seebaß -- 2. Freedom and Normativity - Varieties of Free Will; Barbara Merker -- Section II: Autonomy, the Self, and the Role of Personal Traits -- 3. Norm-Guided Formation of Cares without Volitional Necessity - A Response to Frankfurt; John Davenport -- 4. Dynamics in Autonomy; Nadja Jelinek -- 5. The Normative Significance of Personal Projects; Monika Betzler -- 6. Normative Self-Constitution and Individual Autonomy; John Christman -- 7. Psychocorporeal Selfhood, Practical Intelligence, and Adaptive Autonomy; Diana Tietjens Meyers -- 8. Emotion, Autonomy, and Weakness of Will; Sabine Döring -- 9. Who Am I to Uphold Unrealizable Normative Claims?; Michael Kühler -- Section III: Autonomy and the Self Within Society's Grip -- 10. Paternalistic Love and Reasons for Caring; Bennett W. Helm -- 11. Self-Identity and Moral Agency; Marina Oshana -- 12. Being Identical by Being (Treated as) Responsible; Michael Quante -- 13. Integrity Endangered by Hypocrisy; Nora Hangel -- 14. Who Can I Blame?; Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen -- About the Authors -- Index..
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  • 81
    ISBN: 9789400760134
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 151 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 45
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of mind ; Computer simulation ; Consciousness ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of mind ; Computer simulation ; Consciousness
    Abstract: As is well known, cognition is not only a self-organising process. It is also a co-operative and coupled process. If we consider the external environment as a complex, multiple and stratified Source which interacts with the nervous system, we can easily realise that the cognitive activities devoted to the "intelligent" search for the depth information living in the Source, may determine the very change of the complexity conditions according to which the Source progressively expresses its "wild" action. In this sense, simulation models are not neutral or purely speculative: the true cognition actually appears to be necessarily connected with successful forms of reading, those forms, in particular, that permit a specific coherent unfolding of the deep information content of the Source. Therefore, the simulation models, if valid, materialise as "creative" channels, i.e., as autonomous functional systems, as the very roots of a new possible development of the entire system represented by mind and its Reality
    Abstract: As is well known, cognition is not only a self-organising process. It is also a co-operative and coupled process. If we consider the external environment as a complex, multiple and stratified Source which interacts with the nervous system, we can easily realise that the cognitive activities devoted to the "intelligent" search for the depth information living in the Source, may determine the very change of the complexity conditions according to which the Source progressively expresses its "wild" action. In this sense, simulation models are not neutral or purely speculative: the true cognition actually appears to be necessarily connected with successful forms of reading, those forms, in particular, that permit a specific coherent unfolding of the deep information content of the Source. Therefore, the simulation models, if valid, materialise as "creative" channels, i.e., as autonomous functional systems, as the very roots of a new possible development of the entire system represented by mind and its Reality
    Description / Table of Contents: Epistemic Complexity and Knowledge Construction; Acknowledgements; Contents; Chapter 1: Complexity, Self-Organization and Natural Evolution; 1.1 Entropy and the "Intermediate State"; 1.2 Algorithmic Complexity and Self-Referentiality; 1.3 Cellular Automata and Self-Organization; Notes; Chapter 2: Embodiment Processes and Biological Computing; 2.1 The Game of Life and the Alternative Splicing; 2.2 The Interface Between Ruler and Coder; 2.3 The Recipe at Work: The Role of the Simulation Tools at the Evolutionary Level; 2.4 Reflexive Domains vs. Self-Organizing Domains; Notes
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 3: Randomness, Semantic Information and Limitation Procedures3.1 Logic and Probability: The Role of Constituents; 3.2 Semantic Information and Algorithmic Complexity; 3.3 Surface Information vs. Depth Information: The Biological Computer; 3.4 Non-standard Models and Limitation Procedures; Notes; Chapter 4: Natural Language and Boolean Semantics: the Genesis of the Cognitive Code; 4.1 Intensional Language and Natural Logic; 4.2 Logic and Ontology; 4.3 Meaning as Use and the Unfolding of Cognitive Activity; Notes; Chapter 5: Morphogenesis and the Emergence of Meaning
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.1 Eigenforms, Categorial Intuitions and Rational Perception5.2 Meaning Clarification and the "Thinking I"; 5.3 Knowledge and Reality: The Role of Conceptual Constructions; Notes; Bibliography; Name Index; Subject Index
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  • 82
    ISBN: 9789400751736 , 1283935961 , 9781283935968
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 182 p. 6 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in Brain and Mind 5
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Irvine, Elizabeth Consciousness as a scientific concept
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of mind ; Science Philosophy ; Psychological tests and testing ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of mind ; Science Philosophy ; Psychological tests and testing ; Consciousness physiology ; Consciousness ; Bewusstsein ; Philosophie ; Naturwissenschaften ; Bewusstsein ; Philosophie ; Naturwissenschaften
    Abstract: The source of endless speculation and public curiosity, our scientific quest for the origins of human consciousness has expanded along with the technical capabilities of science itself and remains one of the key topics able to fire public as much as academic interest. Yet many problematic issues, identified in this important new book, remain unresolved. Focusing on a series of methodological difficulties swirling around consciousness research, the contributors to this volume suggest that ‘consciousness’ is, in fact, not a wholly viable scientific concept. Supporting this ‘eliminativist‘ stance are assessments of the current theories and methods of consciousness science in their own terms, as well as applications of good scientific practice criteria from the philosophy of science. For example, the work identifies the central problem of the misuse of qualitative difference and dissociation paradigms, often deployed to identify measures of consciousness. It also examines the difficulties that attend the wide range of experimental protocols used to operationalise consciousness-and the implications this has on the findings of integrative approaches across behavioural and neurophysiological research. The work also explores the significant mismatch between the common intuitions about the content of consciousness, that motivate much of the current science, and the actual properties of the neural processes underlying sensory and cognitive phenomena. Even as it makes the negative eliminativist case, the strong empirical grounding in this volume also allows positive characterisations to be made about the products of the current science of consciousness, facilitating a re-identification of target phenomena and valid research questions for the mind sciences.​
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction: The Science of Consciousness -- 2. Subjective Measures of Consciousness -- 3. Measures of Consciousness and the Method of Qualitative Differences -- 4. Dissociations and Consciousness -- 5. Converging on Consciousness -- 6. Mechanisms of Consciousness and Scientific Kinds -- 7. Content-Matching: The case of Sensory memory and phenomenal consciousness -- 8. Content-Matching: The contents of what? -- 9. Scientific Eliminativism: Why there can be no Science of Consciousness -- 10. Conclusion -- Appendix: Dice Game -- ​.
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9789400744387
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 375 p. 31 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 26
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Tanaka, Kōji, 1965 - Paraconsistency
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Parakonsistente Logik
    Abstract: A logic is called 'paraconsistent' if it rejects the rule called 'ex contradictione quodlibet', according to which any conclusion follows from inconsistent premises. While logicians have proposed many technically developed paraconsistent logical systems and contemporary philosophers like Graham Priest have advanced the view that some contradictions can be true, and advocated a paraconsistent logic to deal with them, until recent times these systems have been little understood by philosophers. This book presents a comprehensive overview on paraconsistent logical systems to change this situation. The book includes almost every major author currently working in the field. The papers are on the cutting edge of the literature some of which discuss current debates and others present important new ideas. The editors have avoided papers about technical details of paraconsistent logic, but instead concentrated upon works that discuss more "big picture" ideas. Different treatments of paradoxes takes centre stage in many of the papers, but also there are several papers on how to interpret paraconistent logic and some on how it can be applied to philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of language, and metaphysics
    Abstract: A logic is called 'paraconsistent' if it rejects the rule called 'ex contradictione quodlibet', according to which any conclusion follows from inconsistent premises. While logicians have proposed many technically developed paraconsistent logical systems and contemporary philosophers like Graham Priest have advanced the view that some contradictions can be true, and advocated a paraconsistent logic to deal with them, until recent times these systems have been little understood by philosophers. This book presents a comprehensive overview on paraconsistent logical systems to change this situation. The book includes almost every major author currently working in the field. The papers are on the cutting edge of the literature some of which discuss current debates and others present important new ideas. The editors have avoided papers about technical details of paraconsistent logic, but instead concentrated upon works that discuss more 'big picture' ideas. Different treatments of paradoxes takes centre stage in many of the papers, but also there are several papers on how to interpret paraconistent logic and some on how it can be applied to philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of language, and metaphysics.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Part 2. Applications ; An Approach to Human-Level Commonsense Reasoning , Paraconsistency: Introduction , Distribution in the Logic of Meaning Containment and in Quantum Mechanics , Wittgenstein on Incompleteness Makes Paraconsistent Sense , Pluralism and "Bad" Mathematical Theories: Challenging our Prejudices , Arithmetic Starred , Notes on Inconsistent Set Theory , Sorting out the Sorites , Are the Sorites and Liar Paradox of a Kind? , Vague Inclosures , Part 1. Logic ; Making Sense of Paraconsistent Logic: The Nature of Logic, Classical Logic and Paraconsistent Logic , On Discourses Addressed by Infidel Logicians , Information, Negation, and Paraconsistency , Noisy vs. Merely Equivocal Logics , Assertion, Denial and Non-classical Theories , New Arguments for Adaptive Logics as Unifying Frame for the Defeasible Handling of Inconsistency , Consequence as Preservation: Some Refinements , On Modal Logics Defining Jaśkowski's D2-Consequence , FDE: A Logic of Clutters , A Paraconsistent and Substructural Conditional Logic
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400748453 , 128363418X , 9781283634182
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 203 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 104
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Kaufman, Whitley R. P., 1963 - Honor and revenge: a theory of punishment
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Criminology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Criminology ; Punishment ; Philosophy ; Punishment in crime deterrence ; Retribution ; Strafe ; Rechtsphilosophie ; Kriminologie ; Strafe ; Rechtsphilosophie ; Kriminologie
    Abstract: This book addresses the problem of justifying the institution of criminal punishment. It examines the "paradox of retribution: the fact that we cannot seem to reject the intuition that punishment is morally required, and yet we cannot (even after two thousand years of philosophical debate) find a morally legitimate basis for inflicting harm on wrongdoers. The book comes at a time when a new "abolitionist movement has arisen, a movement that argues that we should give up the search for justification and accept that punishment is morally unjustifiable and should be discontinued immediately. This book, however, proposes a new approach to the retributive theory of punishment, arguing that it should be understood in its traditional formulation that has been long forgotten or dismissed: that punishment is essentially a defense of the honor of the victim. Properly understood, this can give us the possibility of a legitimate moral justification for the institution of punishment.?
    Description / Table of Contents: Honor and Revenge: A Theory of Punishment; Contents; Chapter 1: The Problem of Punishment; 1.1 The Paradox of Retribution; 1.2 The Incoherence of Public Policy: A Muddle of Theories; 1.3 The Rise of Abolitionism; 1.4 The Strategy of This Book; 1.5 The Importance of the Debate; Chapter 2: Punishment as Crime Prevention; 2.1 Does Punishment Prevent Crime?; 2.2 Crime Prevention and the Utilitarian Moral Theory; 2.3 The Critique of Consequentialism; 2.4 Is It Ever Useful to Punish the Innocent?; 2.5 Punishing the Guilty; 2.6 What's Left of the Crime Prevention Theory?
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.7 The Intend/Foresee Distinction2.8 The Crime-Prevention Theory and Double Effect; 2.9 The DDE and Punishing the Innocent; 2.10 Deterrence and Retribution; Chapter 3: Can Retributive Punishment Be Justified?; 3.1 Crypto-Utilitarian Theories of Retribution; 3.1.1 The Deterrence-Based Theory of Retribution; 3.1.2 Retribution and Satisfaction of Victims; 3.2 Retribution as a Natural Instinct or Emotion; 3.3 Retribution as a Requirement of Reason; 3.3.1 Respect for the Offender; 3.3.2 Right to Be Punished; 3.3.3 Consent to Be Punished; 3.3.4 Unfair Advantage
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.4 Retribution as Conceptual Requirement3.5 The Expressive Theory of Retribution; 3.5.1 Can the Expressive Theory Justify Punishment?; 3.5.2 Why Hard Treatment?; 3.6 Retribution as a Moral Primitive; Chapter 4: The Mixed Theory of Punishment; 4.1 The Idea of "Separate Questions"; 4.2 The Conceptual Version of the Mixed Theory; 4.3 Legal Formalism; 4.4 The Separation of Powers Principle; 4.5 The Rule-Utilitarian Theory; 4.6 H.L.A. Hart's Two-Level Theory; 4.7 The "Practice Conception" Argument; 4.8 Utilitarianism, Retribution, and the Two Levels; 4.9 Conclusion
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 5: Retribution and Revenge5.1 Six Supposed Distinctions Between Revenge and Retribution; 5.2 Revenge Is Personal; 5.3 Revenge Is Inherently Excessive; 5.4 Revenge Is for Insults and Slights, Not Moral Wrongs; 5.5 Revenge Is Based on Sadistic Pleasure; 5.6 Revenge Is Based on the Principle of Collective Responsibility; 5.7 Revenge Is Based upon Strict Liability; 5.8 Conclusion: Revenge Versus Retribution; 5.9 Is Revenge Morally Permissible?; 5.10 Revenge, Retribution, and Honor; Chapter 6: What Is the Purpose of Retribution?; 6.1 The Intending Harm Requirement
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.2 Assessing the "Intending Harm Requirement"6.3 The Purpose of Revenge; 6.4 Punishment and Honor; 6.5 Honor and Punishment; 6.6 Intending Harm Versus Defending Honor; 6.7 From Private Revenge to Societal Punishment; 6.8 Retribution and Intentional Harm; 6.9 Honor and Impartiality; 6.10 The Expressive Theory Revisited; Chapter 7: Making Sense of Honor; 7.1 The Descriptive Claim and the Evolutionary Alternative; 7.2 The Value of Honor; 7.3 Is Honor Essentially External?; 7.4 The External Honor Thesis; 7.5 Five Interpretations of the External Honor Thesis; 7.6 Is Honor External?
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 8: Is Punishment Justified?
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  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400748071
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 313 p. 30 illus., 5 illus. in color, digital)
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 208
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Science in the age of Baroque
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Naturwissenschaften ; Kultur ; Geschichte 1600-1700
    Abstract: This volume examines the New Science of the 17th century in the context of Baroque culture, analysing its emergence as an integral part of the high culture of the period. The collected essays explore themes common to the new practices of knowledge production and the rapidly changing culture surrounding them, as well as the obsessions, anxieties and aspirations they share, such as the foundations of order, the power and peril of mediation and the conflation of the natural and the artificial. The essays also take on the historiographical issues involved: the characterization of culture in general and culture of knowledge in particular; the use of generalizations like ‘Baroque’ and the status of such categories; and the role of these in untangling the historical complexities of the tumultuous 17th century. The canonical protagonists of the ‘Scientific Revolution’ are considered, and so are some obscure and suppressed figures: Galileo side by side with Scheiner;Torricelli together with Kircher; Newton as well as Scilla. The coupling of Baroque and Science defies both the still-triumphalist historiographies of the Scientific Revolution and the slight embarrassment that the Baroque represents for most cultural-national histories of Western Europe. It signals a methodological interest in tensions and dilemmas rather than self-affirming narratives of success and failure, and provides an opportunity for reflective critique of our historical categories which is valuable in its own right.
    Description / Table of Contents: Science in the Age of Baroque; Contents; Chapter 1: Baroque Modes and the Production of Knowledge; Introduction: The Great Opposition; The Papers 2 : Shades of Baroque; Conclusion: Dilemmas and Anxieties; Notes; References; Part I: Order; Chapter 2: What Was the Relation of Baroque Culture to the Trajectory of Early Modern Natural Philosophy?; Introduction: Thinking About "Baroque Science"; Constructing the Category of Natural Philosophy-Natural Philosophising as Culture and Process
    Description / Table of Contents: Phases and Stages in the 'Scientific Revolution' Seen as an Unfolding Process in the Field of Natural PhilosophisingThe Dynamics and Rules of Natural Philosophical Contestation During the 'Crisis Within a Crisis' Phase; Articulation on Subordinate Disciplines: Grammar and Specific Utterance; Find or Steal Discoveries, Novelties or Facts, Including Experimental Ones; Bend or Brake Aristotle's Rules About Mathematics and Natural Philosophy: The Gambit of 'Physico-mathematics'; "Hot Spots" of Articulation Contest: Additional Causes and Effects of a Field in Crisis
    Description / Table of Contents: The Mechanics of Responding to 'Outside' Challenges and OpportunitiesRecruitment of Baroque Behaviours, Norms and Identities?; An Additional, Surprising, Conjectural Finding; Conclusion; References; Chapter 3: "Bent and Directed Towards Him": A Stylistic Analysis of Kircher's Sunflower Clock; Kircher's Sunflower Clock Reassessed; The Baroque Style; The Problem of Style; The Baroque Problem; A Stylistic Analysis; Clocks; Magnetism; Sunflowers; A Baroque Instrument; Conclusion; References; Chapter 4: From Divine Order to Human Approximation: Mathematics in Baroque Science; Kepler and Newton
    Description / Table of Contents: Kepler and PerfectionNewton and the Moving Aphelia; Kepler's ISL; The ISL After Kepler; Newton's ISL; Conclusion; References; Part II: Vision; Chapter 5: "The Quality of Nothing:" Shakespearean Mirrors and Kepler's Visual Economy of Science; Introduction; Shakespearean Mirrors and the End of Renaissance Science; Kepler's Astronomical Speculations, Aristotelian Metabasis and Renaissance Imagination; Keplerian Shadows on a Wall; Towards Baroque Modes of Observation; References; Chapter 6: Agostino Scilla: A Baroque Painter in Pursuit of Science; Introduction; The Making of a Learned Painter
    Description / Table of Contents: From Messina to RomeThe Genesis of a Scientific Conversation; Seeing Fossils Like a Painter; References; Chapter 7: What Exactly Was Torricelli's "Barometer?"; Introduction; "Torricelli's Barometer:" The Extant Sources; Rethinking Torricelli's Esperienza of 1644; Torricelli's Mercury Esperienza as Baroque Performance; Conclusion; References; Chapter 8: William Harvey and the Way of the Artisan; Introduction; Harvey's Way of Inquiry; The Problem of Inquiry; The Priority of Experience; The Way of the Artisan; The Particular; Apprenticeship and Experience; Artisans and Trust
    Description / Table of Contents: William Harvey and the Way of the Artisan
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Ofer Gal and Raz Chen Morris: Baroque Modes and the Production of Knowledge -- A. Order -- 2. John Schuster: What Was the Relation of Baroque Culture to the Trajectory of Early Modern Natural Philosophy? -- 3. Koen Vermeir: “Bent And Directed Towards Him:” A Baroque Perspective on Kircher’s Sunflower Clock -- 4. Ofer Gal: From Divine Order to Human Approximation: Mathematics in Baroque Science -- B. Vision -- 5. Raz Chen-Morris: “The Quality of Nothing,” Or Kepler's Visual Economy of Science -- 6. Paula Findlen: Agostino Scilla:  A Baroque Painter in Pursuit of Science -- 7. J.B. Shank: What Exactly Was “Torricelli’s Barometer?” -- 8. Alan Salter: William Harvey and the Way of the Artisan -- C. Excess -- 9. John Gascoigne: Crossing the Pillars of Hercules: Francis Bacon, the Scientific Revolution and the New World -- 10. Nicholas Dew: The Hive and the Pendulum: Universal Metrology and Baroque Science.-11. Victor Boantza: Chymical Philosophy and Boyle’s Incongruous Philosophical Chymistry.-12 Rivka Feldhay: The Simulation of Nature and the Dissimulation of the Law on a Baroque Stage: Galileo and the Church Revisited​.
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400751378
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 161 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 31
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Chemistry ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Chemistry ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic
    Abstract: This compelling reevaluation of the relationship between logic and knowledge affirms the key role that the notion of judgement must play in such a review. The commentary repatriates the concept of judgement in the discussion, banished in recent times by the logical positivism of Wittgenstein, Hilbert and Schlick, and the Platonism of Bolzano. The volume commences with the insights of Swedish philosopher Per Martin-Löf, the father of constructive type theory, for whom logic is a demonstrative science in which judgement is a settled feature of the landscape. His paper opens the first of four sections that examine, in turn, historical philosophical assessments of judgement and reason; their place in early modern philosophy; the notion of judgement and logical theory in Wolff, Kant and Neo-Kantians like Windelband; their development in the Husserlian phenomenological paradigm; and the work of Bolzano, Russell and Frege. The papers, whose authors include Per Martin-Löf, Göran Sundholm, Michael Della Rocca and Robin Rollinger, represent a finely judged editorial selection highlighting work on philosophers exercised by the question of whether or not an epistemic notion of judgement has a role to play in logic. The volume will be of profound interest to students and academicians for its application of historical developments in philosophy to the solution of vexatious contemporary issues in the foundation of logic. ​
    Description / Table of Contents: Judgement and the Epistemic Foundation of Logic; Preface; Contents; Introduction; Bibliography; Part I: Constructivism, Judgement and Reason; Chapter 1: Verificationism Then and Now; Chapter 2: Demonstrations Versus Proofs, Being an Afterword to Constructions, Proofs, and the Meaning of the Logical Constants; Bibliography; Chapter 3: Containment and Variation; Two Strands in the Development of Analyticity from Aristotle to Martin-Löf; Bibliography; Part II: Judgement and Reason in the Seventeenth Century; Chapter 4: Descartes' Theory of Judgement: Warranted Assertions, the Key to Science*
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Descartes' Debate with Scholastic Logic over the Foundations of Science2 The Rules for the Forming of True Judgements; 3 The Many Uses of the Concept of Judgement in Descartes' Mathesis; Bibliography; Chapter 5: Striving, Oomph, and Intelligibility in Spinoza; 1 Descartes and the Great Intelligibility Trade-Off; 2 Strengthening Intelligibility; 3 Weakening Intelligibility; Bibliography; I. Works by Descartes; II. Works by Spinoza; III. Works by Leibniz; IV. Works by Hume; V. Other Works; Part III: Kant, Neo-Kantianism, and Bolzano
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 6: The Role of Wolff's Analysis of Judgements in Kant's Inaugural Dissertation1 Wolff's Analysis of Judgements; 2 Meier's Notion of Condition; 3 The Strategy of Kant's Dissertation; 4 Three Classes of Subreption; Bibliography; Chapter 7: Windelband on Beurteilung; 1 Windelband's Definition of Judgement; 2 Windelband's Three-Step Argument; 3 Judgeable Content; 4 Assessing Under Assumption of Epistemic Values; 5 The Nature of Epistemic Assessment; Bibliography; I. Primary; II. Secondary; Chapter 8: A Priori Knowledge in Bolzano, Conceptual Truths, and Judgements
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 The Apriori in Bolzano1.1 Concepts and Conceptual Truths; 1.2 Conceptual Truths and Judgements A Priori; 1.2.1 Conceptual Truths and Analytic Truths; 1.2.2 Empirical Analytic Truths; 1.2.3 Synthetic Conceptual Truths; 1.3 How Are Synthetic Judgements A Priori Possible?; 2 Understanding (C1): Bolzano's Epistemology; 2.1 Judgements and Subjective Representations; 2.2 Bolzano's Analysis of the Concept of Knowledge; 2.2.1 Confidence; 2.2.2 How Much Confidence?; 3 Understanding (C2): Knowing a Concept; 3.1 The Correspondence Assumption; 3.2 Having a Representation, Clarity, and Distinctness
    Description / Table of Contents: 4 Definitions, Proofs, and Synthetic Truths4.1 Knowledge and Proof; 4.2 Two Remaining Problems; 4.3 The Case of Fundamental Truths; 5 Conclusion; Bibliography; Part IV: Husserl, Frege and Russell; Chapter 9: Immanent and Real States of Affairs in Husserl's Early Theory of Judgement: Reflections on Manuscripts from 1893/1894 and Their Background in the Logic of Brentano and Stumpf; 1 Introduction; 2 Brentano and Stumpf on Contents of Judgement; 2.1 Brentano; 2.2 Stumpf; 2.3 Excursus: Other Students of Brentano; 3 Husserl's Theory of Judgement (1893/1894)
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.1 Psychological Studies in Elementary Logic
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Part 1. Constructivism, Judgement, and Reason -- Chapter 1. Verificationism then and now: Per Martin-Löf -- Chapter 2. Demonstrations versus Proofs, being an afterword to 'Constructions, Proofs and the meaning of Logical Constants': Göran Sundholm -- Chapter 3. Containment and Variation: Two Strands in the Development of Analyticity from Aristotle to Martin-Löf: Göran Sundholm -- Part 2. Judgement and Reason in the Seventeenth Century -- Chapter 4. Decartes' Theory of Judgement: Warranted Assertions, the Key to Science: Elodie Cassan -- Chapter 5. Striving, Oomph, and Intelligibility in Spinoza: Michael Della Rocca -- Part 3. Kant, Neo-Kantianism, and Bolzano -- Chapter 6. The Role of Wolff's Analysis of Judgments in Kant's Inaugural Dissertation: Johan Blok -- Chapter 7. Windelband on 'Beurteilung’: Arnaud Dewalque -- Chapter 8. A Priori Knowledge in Bolzano; Conceptual Truths and Judgements: Stefan Roski -- Part 4. Husserl, Frege and Russell -- Chapter 9. Immanent and Real States of Affairs in Husserl's Early Theory of Judgement: Robin Rollinger -- Chapter 10. Frege and Russell on Assertion: Jeremy Kelly.​.
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  • 87
    ISBN: 9789400744646
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 156 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 29
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Frápolli, María José, 1960 - The nature of truth
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Pragmatism ; Semantics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Pragmatism ; Semantics ; Truth ; Wahrheit ; Wahrheit
    Abstract: The book offers a characterization of the meaning and role of the notion of truth in natural languages and an explanation of why, in spite of the big amount of proposals about truth, this task has proved to be resistant to the different analyses. The general thesis of the book is that defining truth is perfectly possible and that the average educated philosopher of language has the tools to do it. The book offers an updated treatment of the meaning of truth ascriptions from taking into account the latest views in philosophy of language and linguistics.
    Abstract: The wealth of proposals about truth and its meaning in natural languages everywhere should open it to analysis and definition, but this book makes the startlingly rare assertion that we can define truth using the latest methods in linguistics and philosophy
    Description / Table of Contents: The Nature of Truth; Acknowledgements; Contents; Chapter 1: Some Preliminary Issues; 1.1 The General Purpose; 1.2 Some Features of the Proposal; 1.3 Required Philosophical Assumptions; 1.4 The Content of a Theory of Truth; 1.5 The Pragmatist Ingredient; 1.6 The Structure of the Book; Chapter 2: Syntax: Playing with Building Blocks; 2.1 Does Syntax Matter?; 2.2 The Truth Predicate; 2.3 The Truth Operator; 2.4 Truth and Identity; 2.5 Adverbs, Adjectives and Nouns; Chapter 3: The Meaning and Content of Truth Ascriptions; 3.1 The Distinction; 3.2 Kinds of Proforms; 3.3 Truth-Ascriptions
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.4 A Classification of Truth-Ascriptions3.5 Special Semantic Tasks; Chapter 4: What Do We Do with Truth Ascriptions?; 4.1 Pragmatics and Semantics; 4.2 Assertions; 4.3 Expressivism; 4.4 Particular Pragmatic Functions; Chapter 5: The Liar Paradox (And Other Logico-Semantic Issues); 5.1 Is There a Liar Paradox?; 5.2 Truth Bearers; 5.3 Logical Form; 5.4 The Paradox; Chapter 6: What Do You Mean by "Redundancy"?; 6.1 R amsey's View; 6.2 Redundancy, of What?; 6.3 Syntactic Redundancy; 6.4 Semantic Redundancy; 6.5 Pragmatic Redundancy; Chapter 7: Obvious Answers for Ready-Made Objections
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.1 Standard Objections7.2 The Epistemic Objections; 7.2.1 Definitions vs. Criteria; 7.2.2 The Causal Effect of Truth; 7.3 The Logical Objection; 7.4 The Semantic Objection; 7.5 Mathematical Truth and Other Metaphors; References; Index;
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  • 88
    ISBN: 9789400748019
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 358 p. 15 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Phenomenology and the human positioning in the cosmos
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Konferenzschrift 2011 ; Phänomenologie ; Weltall ; Natur
    Abstract: The classic conception of human transcendental consciousness assumes its self-supporting existential status within the horizon of life-world, nature and earth. Yet this assumed absoluteness does not entail the nature of its powers, neither their constitutive force. This latter call for an existential source reaching beyond the generative life-world network. Transcendental consciousness, having lost its absolute status (its point of reference) it is the role of the logos to lay down the harmonious positioning in the cosmic sphere of the all, establishing an original foundation of phenomenology in the primogenital ontopoiesis of life
    Description / Table of Contents: PHENOMENOLOGY AND THE HUMAN POSITIONING IN THE COSMOS; Acknowledgements; Contents; Cosmo-Transcendental Positioning of the Living Being in the Universe in Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka's New Enlightenment; Part I; Cosmos, the Meaningful Construct; Cosmos, a Design with Meaning: Plato; Will, a Natural Power: Epicurus; Meaning and Value in Modern Science; Competing Concepts of the Cosmos in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries; Humanists, Classical Revival and the Hermetic Tradition; Bacon, the Paracelsans and the Organic Tradition; Descartes and the Mechanical Tradition
    Description / Table of Contents: Henry More, Anne Conway and KabbalahCosmos and Scientific Practices in Ancient Greek and Ancient Chinese Thought: A Comparative Interpretation; Ch'i and Li Versus Conflicting Forces and Laws; Ch'i and Li; A Comparative Interpretation; Part II; Apel's Project of Cognitive Anthropology for Non-Western World and a Supplement of Muslim Proposal; Apel's Cognitive Anthropology; Ahistoricality of Meanings and the Islamic-Hermeneutic Reflexivity; Conclusion; El Horizonte Rítmico Del Lenguaje (Trasfondo Fenomenológico En Las Coplas De Jorge Manrique); Kinds of Guise Bundles
    Description / Table of Contents: Towards a Rough Doctrine of Guise-Bundle CategoriesBibliography; Enmeshed Experience in Architecture: Understanding the Affordances of the Old Galata Bridge in Istanbul; Introduction; Interpretive Framework for Enmeshed Experience; Understanding the Affordances of Istanbul and the Old Galata Bridge; Concluding Remarks; References; Part III; Plato on Return to the Nature; Bibliography; Nature's Value and Nature's Future; Towards the Wholes (Holism); Nature's Future; Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka's Views and Environmental Ethics; References
    Description / Table of Contents: (Mis)Triangulated Human Positioning in the Cosmos: (Un)Covering the (Meta) Physical Identity of Agents of Good and Evil in Head and SilkoReferences; Beyond the Human-Nature Dualism: Towards a Concept of Nature as Part of the Life-World; Introduction; Settling the Dualism: Descartes' Dream; Husserl's Criticism: How a Dream Became a Crisis; Beyond the Divide; Conclusion; References; Metaphysics and the Concept of World in Rudolph Carnap and Moritz Schlick; Construction Theory and the Elementarerlebnisse; The Physical Account Provided in Weltbegriff and the Psychical Dimension
    Description / Table of Contents: About the Experience and Objectivity of Factual "States of Affairs"Part IV; Nature: Sealing the Humanness. Applying Phenomenology of Life to a Romanian Artistic Work; References; The Path of Truth: From Absolute to Reality, from Point to Circle; Introduction; The Point According to Medieval Eastern and Western Thinkers; The Creation Process from the Absolute to the Relative; The Process of Cognition - From the Point to the Circle; Conclusion; References; Newton's Phenomena and Malay Cosmology: A Comparative Perspective; Introduction; Newton's Cosmology; Malay Cosmology; Conclusion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Peering Through the Keyhole (The Phenomenology and Ontology of Cyberspace in Contemporary Societies)
    Description / Table of Contents: INTRODUCTION -- Cosmo-Transcendental Positioning of the Living Being in the Universe in Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka’s New Enlightenment; Jadwiga S. Smith -- SECTION I -- Cosmos, the Meaningful Construct; Halil Turan -- Competing Conceptions of the Cosmos in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries; Oliver W. Holmes -- Call of Philosophising as “Dichten”: Writing-Voicing-Listening-Reciting in Pace with the Rhyming Pulse of Cosmos as Tota Simulteitas; Erkut Sezgin -- "Cosmos" and Scientific Practices in Ancient Greek and Ancient Chinese Thought: A Comparative Interpretation; Sinan Kadir Celik -- SECTION 2 -- Apel's Project of Cognitive Anthropology for Non-Western World and a Supplement of Muslim Proposal; Abdul Rahim Afaki -- The Rhythmic Horizon of Language (Phenomenological Foundations of Jorge Manrique’s Coplas); Antonio Dominguez Rey -- A Subjectivist Inquiry Concerning Intrinsic Value in Environmental Ethics; Ayhan Sol and Selma Aydin Bayram -- Kinds of Guise Bundles; Semiha Akinci -- Enmeshed Experience in Architecture: Understanding the Affordances of the Old Galata Bridge in Istanbul; Semra Aydinly -- SECTION III -- Plato on Return to the Nature; Olena Shkubulyani -- Nature’s Value and Nature’s Future; Leszek Pyra -- (Mis)Triangulated Human Positioning in the Cosmos: (Un)Covering the (Meta)Physical Identity of Agents of Good and Evil in Head and Silko; Imafedia Okhamafe -- Beyond the Human-Nature Dualism.  Towards a Concept of Nature as Part of the Life-World; Karen Francois -- Metaphysics and the Concept of World in Rudolph Carnap and Moritz Schlick; Giuseppina Sgueglia -- SECTION IV -- Nature, Sealing the Humanness.  Applying Phenomenology of Life to a Romanian Artistic Work Carmen Cozma -- The Path of Truth: from Absolute to Reality, from Point to Circle; Konul Bunyadzade -- Newton's Phenomena and Malay Cosmology: A Comparative Perspective; A.L. Samian -- Peering Through the Keyhole (The Phenomenology and Ontology of Cyberspace in Contemporary Societies); J.C. Couceiro-Bueno -- SECTION V -- Reason and as the Frames and Partitions of the Temple of Life; Salahaddin Khalilov -- Direct Intuition: Strategies of Knowledge in the Phenomenology of Life, with Reference to the Philosophy of Illumination; Olga Louchakova-Schwartz -- What the Lake Said.  Amiel's New Phenomenology and Nature; Daria Gosek -- How Can Sisyphus be Happy with His Fate?; Sibel Oktar -- ADMINISTRATIVE APPENDIX -- Introducing Letter from Daniela Verducci Upon Her Inauguration as Vice-President of the World Phenomenology Institute (June 28, 2011); Daniela Verducci.
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  • 89
    ISBN: 9789400753358 , 1283945002 , 9781283945004
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 229 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 30
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; medicine Philosophy ; Public health ; Medicine ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; medicine Philosophy ; Public health ; Medicine
    Abstract: In this book, an international group of philosophers, economists and theologians focus on the relationship between justice, luck and responsibility in health care. Together, they offer a thorough reflection on questions such as: How should we understand justice in health care? Why are health care interests so important that they deserve special protection? How should we value health? What are its functions and do these make it different from other goods? Furthermore, how much equality should there be? Which inequalities in health and health care are unfair and which are simply unfortunate? Which matters of health care belong to the domain of justice, and which to the domain of charity? And to what extent should we allow personal responsibility to play a role in allocating health care services and resources, or in distributing the costs? With this book, the editors meet a double objective. First, they provide a comprehensive philosophical framework for understanding the concepts of justice, luck and responsibility in contemporary health care; and secondly, they explore whether these concepts have practical force to guide normative discussions in specific contexts of health care such as prevention of infectious diseases or in matters of reproductive technology. Particular and extensive attention is paid to issues regarding end-of-life care.
    Description / Table of Contents: pt. 1. Philosophy of health and health care -- pt. 2. Ethics of end-of-life care.
    Description / Table of Contents: General Introduction -- Justice and Responsibility in Health Care - An Introduction; Yvonne Denier, Chris Gastmans & Antoon Vandevelde -- Part 1: Philosophy of Health and Health Care Injustice and Inequality in Health and Health Care; Daniel M. Hausman -- Affirmative Action in Health; Shlomi Segall -- On Justice, Luck and Moral Responsibility Concerning Prenatal Genetic Diagnosis; Yvonne Denier -- Mutual Moral Obligations in the Prevention of Infectious Diseases; Jeroen Luyten -- Justice and Responsibility in Health, Care General Discussion and Conclusions of Part 1; Antoon Vandevelde -- Part 2: Ethics of End-of-Life Care; Is There a Duty to Die in Europe? If Not Now, When?; John Hardwig -- The Duty to Care. Democratic Equality and Responsibility for End-of-Life Health Care; Martin Gunderson -- Dignity Enhancing Care for Persons with Dementia and its Application to Advance Euthanasia Directives; Chris Gastmans -- The Authority of Advance Directives; Govert den Hartogh -- The Wreckage of Our Flesh. Dementia, Autonomy and Personhood; Thomas Nys -- On the Sacred Character of Human Life and Death; General Discussion and Conclusions of Part 2; Herman De Dijn -- Epilogue -- How to Move Forward?; Paul Schotsmans. Index. .
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400743182 , 1283633736 , 9781283633734
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 288 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Dao Companions to Chinese Philosophy 2
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Political science Philosophy ; History ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Political science Philosophy ; History ; Han, Fei
    Abstract: Han Fei, who died in 233 BC, was one of the primary philosophers of Chinas classical era, a reputation still intact despite recent neglect. This edited volume on the thinker, his views on politics and philosophy, and the tensions of his relations with Confucianism (which he derided) is the first of its kind in English.Featuring contributions from specialists in various disciplines including religious studies and literature, this new addition to the Dao Companions to Chinese Philosophy series includes the latest research. It breaks new ground with studies of Han Feis intellectual antecedents, and his relationship as a historical figure with Han Feizi, the text attributed to him, as well as surveying the full panoply of his thought. It also includes a chapter length survey of relevant scholarship, both in Chinese and Japanese.
    Description / Table of Contents: Dao Companion to the Philosophy of Han Fei; Editor's Acknowledgments; Contents; Contributors; Introduction: Han Fei and the Han Feizi; Works Cited; Part I: Han Fei's Predecessors; From Historical Evolution to the End of History: Past, Present and Future from Shang Yang to the First Emperor; Change and Stability in Warring States Thought; The Book of Lord Shang; Past, Present and Future in Han Fei; Qin's "End of History" and Its Aftermath; Works Cited; Shen Dao's Theory of fa and His In fl uence on Han Fei; Introduction; The Main Idea of the Shenzi Fragments: fa 法
    Description / Table of Contents: The Source of Law in Shen Dao's TheoryShen Dao's In fl uence on Han Fei; Works Cited; Part II: The Philosophy of Han Fei; Submerged by Absolute Power: The Ruler's Predicament in the Han Feizi; Foundations of the Ruler's Authority; Safeguarding the Ruler's Power; The Invisible Ruler; Back to Ministerial Power?; Conclusion; Works Cited; Beyond the Rule of Rules: The Foundations of Sovereign Power in the Han Feizi; Legitimating a Repressive Order: The Quest for an Artificial Paradise; From the Spontaneous to the Automatic; A Paradise with No Aberrations? The Paradox of the Norm and the Exception
    Description / Table of Contents: Inborn Human Nature: Changeable vs. UnchangeableHuman Qualities: Same vs. Different; The Source of Han Fei's View That Human Beings Focus on Pursuing Their Own Profit; Conclusion; Works Cited; Part IV: Studies of Specific Chapters; The Difficulty with "The Dif fi culties of Persuasion" ("Shuinan" 說難); Shui 說 in the Han Feizi; The Contradictions of "The Difficulties of Persuasion"; Early Authors on the Morality of shui 說; "Solitary Frustration" and the Morality of "The Dif fi culties of Persuasion"; The Legacy of Han Fei; Works Cited
    Description / Table of Contents: Han Feizi and the Old Master: A Comparative Analysis and Translation of Han Feizi Chapter 20, "Jie Lao," and Chapter 21, "Yu Lao"Introduction; Exegetical Strategies: Philosophical Principles Versus Illustrative Anecdotes; Passages Cited; Citation Styles; Citation Content: The Whole vs. The Part?; The Han Feizi and the Wang Bi Laozi Texts; Markers of Date; Bang Versus Guo to Denote the Concept of the State; The Historical Anecdotes of "Yu Lao"; Viewpoint and Vocabulary; "Yu Lao"; "Jie Lao"; Harmonizing Inner Potency, Humaneness, Righteousness, and Ritual ( de 德, ren 仁, yi 義, li 禮)
    Description / Table of Contents: Cultivating the Compassion of the Mother
    Description / Table of Contents: Works CitedHan Fei on the Problem of Morality; What Is Order?; On Morality and Order; A Possible Role for Morality in Governance?; On the Notion of Desert; Works Cited; Part III: Han Fei and Confucianism; Han Fei and Confucianism: Toward a Synthesis; Works Cited; Did Xunzi's Theory of Human Nature Provide the Foundation for the Political Thought of Han Fei?; Introduction; Modern Scholars' Views of the Relationship Between Xunzi and Han Fei; The Concept of xing in the Xunzi and the Han Feizi; Minxing 民性; Tianxing 天性; Qingxing 情性; The Concept of ren 人 (Mankind) in the Xunzi and the Han Feizi
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  • 91
    ISBN: 9789400754287 , 1283634449 , 9781283634441
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 94 p. 4 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Philosophy
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Biology Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Biology Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Science Philosophy ; Entscheidung ; Vernunft ; Neurowissenschaften
    Abstract: This book carries out an epistemological analysis of the decision, including a critical analysis through the continuous reference to an interdisciplinary approach including a synthesis of philosophical approaches, biology and neuroscience. Besides this it represents the analysis of causality here seen not from the formal point of view, but from the 'embodied' point of view. ?
    Abstract: This book carries out an epistemological analysis of the decision, including a critical analysis through the continuous reference to an interdisciplinary approach including a synthesis of philosophical approaches, biology and neuroscience. Besides this it represents the analysis of causality here seen not from the formal point of view, but from the "embodied" point of view
    Description / Table of Contents: Epistemology of Decision; Preface; Acknowledgments; Contents; Introduction; Rationality and NeuroeconomicsPart I; 1 Rationality and Experimental Economics; 1.1 The Theory of Rational Choice; 1.2 Game Theory; 1.3 Teleology, Instrumentalism and Interpretivism; 1.4 Experimental Economics; 1.5 Criticism of Experimental Economics; References; 2 Neuroeconomics; 2.1 Neuroeconomics and Causality; 2.2 Game Theory and Neuroscience; 2.3 The Role of Social Cognition; 2.4 Empathy Basic and Empathy Re-Enactive; 2.5 Doubts, Feasibility and Future of Neuroeconomics; References
    Description / Table of Contents: The Biological ApproachesPart II3 Evolutionary Economics and Biological Complexity; 3.1 Biology and the Economy; 3.2 Economic Progress and Evolutionism; 3.3 The Computational Methods and the Engineering Approach; 3.4 Complexity; References;
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  • 92
    ISBN: 9789400747463
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 631 p. 73 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 27
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy
    Abstract: This book reconstructs key aspects of the early career of Descartes from 1618 to 1633; that is, up through the point of his composing his first system of natural philosophy, Le Monde, in 1629-33. It focuses upon the overlapping and intertwined development of Descartes’ projects in physico-mathematics, analytical mathematics, universal method, and, finally, systematic corpuscular-mechanical natural philosophy. The concern is not simply with the conceptual and technical aspects of these projects; but, with Descartes’ agendas within them and his construction and presentation of his intellectual identity in relation to them. Descartes’ technical projects, agendas and senses of identity shifted over time, entangled and displayed great successes and deep failures, as he morphed from a mathematically competent, Jesuit trained graduate in neo-Scholastic Aristotelianism to aspiring prophet of a systematised corpuscular-mechanism, passing through stages of being a committed physico-mathematicus, advocate of a putative ‘universal mathematics’, and projector of a grand methodological dream. In all three dimensions-projects, agendas and identity concerns-the young Descartes struggled and contended, with himself and with real or virtual peers and competitors, hence the title ‘Descartes-Agonistes’. ​
    Description / Table of Contents: Descartes-Agonistes; Preface; Contents; Chapter 1: Introduction: Problems of Descartes and the Scientific Revolution; 1.1 Prologue: The 'Young' and the 'Mature' Descartes, Natural Philosopher; 1.2 Descartes and the Historians of Science; 1.3 Key Pitfalls (and Opportunities) Facing Descartes' Biographers (Even Authors of Quite Truncated Biographies); 1.3.1 The Problem of Method and Its Texts: Regulae and Discours; 1.3.2 The Problem of Descartes the Natural Philosopher, and of Natural Philosophy as a Wide and Dynamic Field of Discourse and Contention
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.3.3 Scientific Biography and the Historiography of Science1.4 Overview of the Argument; References; Works of Descartes and Their Abbreviations; Other; Chapter 2: Conceptual and Historiographical Foundations-Natural Philosophy, Mixed Mathematics, Physico-mathematics, Method; 2.1 Jesuit neo-Scholasticism for the noblesse de robe; 2.2 In Search of Proper Categories and Angle of Attack; 2.3 Constructing the Category of Natural Philosophy, Part 1-Natural Philosophizing as Culture and Process; 2.4 Some Heuristic Help: Modeling Modern Sciences as Unique, Agonal Traditions in Process
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.5 Constructing the Category of Natural Philosophy, Part 2: The Dynamics and Rules of Contestation of Natural Philosophizing2.5.1 Articulation on Subordinate Disciplines: Grammar and Specific Utterance; 2.5.2 Find or Steal Discoveries, Novelties or Facts, Including Experimental Ones; 2.5.3 Bend or Brake Aristotle's Rules About Mathematics and Natural Philosophy: The Gambit of 'Physico-Mathematics'; 2.5.4 "Hot Spots" of Articulation Contest: Additional Causes and Effects of Heightened Turbulence in the Field of Natural Philosophizing
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.5.5 Modeling System Construction and Contestation - The 'Core', 'Vertical' and 'Horizontal' Dimensions of a Natural Philosophical System2.5.6 The Mechanics of Responding to 'Outside' Challenges and Opportunities; 2.6 The Special Status of the Problem of Method; 2.7 Phases and Stages in the 'Scientific Revolution' Seen as an Unfolding Process in the Field of Natural Philosophizing, with Its Attendant Articulations to Other Domains; 2.8 Looking Forward-What Kind of Natural Philosopher/Physico-Mathematician Was René Descartes?; References; Works of Descartes and Their Abbreviations; Other
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 3: 'Recalled to Study'-Descartes, Physico-Mathematicus3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Beeckman: Mentor and Colleague in Physico-Mathematics and Natural Philosophy; 3.2.1 Corpuscular-Mechanical Natural Philosophy and the Values of the Practical Arts; 3.2.2 Beeckman's Causal Register, Principles of Mechanics and Version of Physico-Mathematics; 3.3 Exemplary Physico-Mathematics: The Hydrostatics Manuscript of 1619; 3.3.1 Stevin, Archimedes and the Hydrostatic Paradox; 3.3.2 The Hydrostatics Manuscript [1] The Micro-Corpuscular Reduction; 3.3.3 The Hydrostatics Manuscript [2] The Force of Motion
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.4 What's the Agenda: Descartes' Radical Form of Physico-Mathematics
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: Problems of Descartes and the Scientific Revolution -- Conceptual and Historiographical Foundations.-  Recalled to Study: Descartes Physico-Mathematicus  Descartes Opticien: The Optical Triumph of the 1620s -- nalytical Mathematics, Universal Mathematics and Method: Descartes’ Identity and Agenda Entering the 1620s.- Method and the Problem of the Historical Descartes.-  Universal Mathematics Interruptus: The Program of the later Regulae and its Collapse 1626-28 -- Reinventing the Agenda and Identity: Descartes, Physico-mathematical Philosopher of Nature 1629-33.-  Reading Le Monde as Pedagogy and Fable -- Waterworld: Descartes’ Vortical Celestial Mechanics and Cosmological Optics in Le Monde. - Le Monde as a System of Natural Philosophy -- Cosmography, Realist Copernicanism and Systematising Strategy in the Principia Philosophiae -- Conclusion: The Young and the Mature Descartes Agonistes -- Appendix 1 Descartes, Mydorge and Beeckman: The Evolution of Cartesian Lens Theory 1627-1637.-  Appendix 2 Decoding Descartes’ Vortex Celestial Mechanics in the Text of Le Monde.
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400752139
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 496 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology 66
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Husserl's Ideen
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Husserl, Edmund, 1859-1938 ; Ideen ; Husserl, Edmund, 1859-1938 ; Influence ; Phenomenology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 Ideen zu einer reinen Phänomenologie und phänomenologischen Philosophie ; Rezeption ; Ideengeschichte
    Abstract: This collection of more than two dozen essays by philosophy scholars of international repute traces the profound impact exerted by Husserl’s Meisterwerk, known in its shortened title as Ideen, whose first book was released in 1913. Published to coincide with the centenary of its original appearance, and fifty years after the second book went to print in 1952, the contributors offer a comprehensive array of perspectives on the ways in which Husserl’s concept of phenomenology influenced leading figures and movements of the last century, including, among others, Ortega y Gassett, Edith Stein, Martin Heidegger, Aron Gurwitsch, Ludwig Landgrebe, Dorion Cairns, Simone de Beauvoir, Jean-Paul Sartre, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Jacques Derrida and Giles Deleuze. In addition to its documentation and analysis of the historical reception of these works, this volume also illustrates the ongoing relevance of the Ideen, offering scholarly discussion of the issues raised by his ideas as well as by the figures who took part in critical phenomenological dialogue with them. Among the topics discussed are autism, empathy, the nature of the emotions, the method and practice of phenomenology, the foundations of ethics, naturalism, intentionality, and human rights, to name but a few. Taken together, these specially commissioned original essays offer an unrivaled overview of the reception of Husserl‘s Ideen, and the expanding phenomenological enterprise it initiated. They show that the critical discussion of issues by phenomenologists continues to be relevant for the 21st century.
    Description / Table of Contents: Husserl's Ideen; Preface; Contents; Introduction; The Project and First Effect of the Ideen; The Freiburg School and Beyond; The Organization of This Volume; Part I Initial and Continued Reception; Chapter 1: José Ortega y Gasset and Human Rights; The Influence of Husserl; A Non-idealistic Phenomenology; Introduction; Liberals and Communitarians with an Epilogue on Human Rights and Feminism; Reconstructing Plurality: The First Movement of Historical Reason; The Function of European Culture: The Second Movement of Historical Reason; Epilogue: Historical Reason and Full Human Rights for Women
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 2: Reading and Rereading the Ideen in JapanA Century of Japanese Readings; Introduction; Translating Husserl; The Early Phenomenologists; Phenomenology in Postwar Japan; Responding to the Ideen Today; Chapter 3: Edith Stein and Autism; Influence on Stein; An Application to Understanding Autism; The Husserl/Stein Theory of Intersubjectivity Applied to ASDs; Conclusions; Chapter 4: Ludwig Ferdinand Clauss and Racialization; Clauss and Husserl's Ideen I; Phenomenology's Rejection of the Biologization of Race; The Question of Race in Clauss
    Description / Table of Contents: The Phenomenological Concept of Race After ClaussToward a Phenomenology of Racialization; Implications for the Fight Against Racism; Chapter 5: The Ideen and Neo-Kantianism; Introduction; Eidetics, Intuition, and Conceptual Knowledge; Difficulties with an Eidetic Science of Consciousness; Conclusion: Phenomenology's Foundational Claim; Chapter 6: The Distinctive Structure of the Emotions; Introduction; Emotions as Non-objectivating and Founded Acts; A Phenomemological Case of the Emotions: Trust; Critical Assessment; Concluding Remarks; Chapter 7: From the Natural Attitude to the Life-World
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 8: Husserl on the Human Sciences in Ideen IIIntroduction; Concluding Remarks; Part II: After World War I; Chapter 9: The Spanish-Speaking World and José Vasconcelos; Ideen I in Spain and Hispano-America; On José Vasconcelos's Inverted Epochē and the Limits of Language; Chapter 10: Ideen I in Italy and Enzo Paci and the Milan School; A Historical Introduction; Paci's Interpretation of the Epochē; Chapter 11: Martin Heidegger and Grounding of Ethics; The Impact of the " Ideen " on Heidegger; Husserl and Heidegger on the Ultimate Grounds for Action; The Fundamental Difference
    Description / Table of Contents: Heidegger on the Groundless GroundHusserl on the Ultimate Grounds of Ethics; The Question Itself: Grounding Ultimate Grounds?; Chapter 12: Aron Gurwitsch and the Transcendence of the Physical; The Impact of Ideen I; The Transcendence of Physical Things; Introduction; Husserl in the Ideen; Merleau-Ponty; Going Further; Chapter 13: Ludwig Landgrebe and the Significance of Marginal Consciousness; Landgrebe with Husserl; The Significance of Marginal Consciousness; The "Organization" of Marginal Contents; Self-Awareness as Marginal
    Description / Table of Contents: The Streaming Character of Consciousness Constituted in the Margins
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- INITIAL AND CONTINUED RECEPTION -- 1. José Ortega y Gasset and Human Rights, J.M. Díaz Álvarez -- Reading and Rereading Ideen in Japan, T. Tani.-  Edith Stein and Autism, K.M. Haney.-  Ludwig Ferdinand Clauss and Racialization, R. Bernasconi -- The Ideen and Neo-Kantianism, A. Staiti.-  The Distinctive Structure of the Emotions, A.J. Steinbock -- From Natural Attitude to Life-World, D. Moran -- Husserl on the Human Sciences in Ideen II, T.M. Seebohm -- AFTER WORLD WAR I -- The Spanish Speaking World and José Vasconcelos, A. Zirión -- The Ideen and Italy, R.Sacconghi -- Martin Heidegger and the Grounding of Action, T.J. Nenon -- Aron Gurwitsch and the Transcendence of the Physical, W. McKenna -- Ludwig Landgrebe and Marginal Consciousness, D. Marcelle -- Dorion Cairns, Empirical Types, and Field of Consciousness, L. Embree -- Ideen I and Eugen Fink, R. Bruzina -- Emmanuel Levinas and a Soliloquy of Light and Reason, N. de Warren -- Jan Patočka and Built Space, J. Dodd -- The Ideen in the Portuguese Speaking World, P.M.S. Alves -- Alfred Schutz and the Problem of Empathy, M. Barber -- Jean-Paul Sartre and Phenomenological Ontology, M. C. Eshleman -- Simone de Beauvoir and Life, U. Björk -- Merleau-Ponty and Lifeworldly Naturalism, T. Toadvine -- AFTER WORLD WAR II -- Paul Ricoeur and the Praxis of Phenomenology, N. Depraz -- Post-War German Reception of Ideen I and Reflection, S. Geniusas -- Ideen I Confronting its Critics, R.R.P. Lerner -- Jacques Derrida and the Future, V.W. Cisney -- Gilles Deleuze, and Hearing-Oneself-Speak, L. Lawlor -- Thoughts on the Translation of Husserl‘s Ideen, Erstes Buch, F. Kersten -- Notes on Contributors. ​.
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400742079
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 241 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 356
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Berto, Francesco, 1973 - Existence as a real property
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Existenz ; Ontologie ; Meinong, Alexius 1853-1920 ; Ontologie ; Existenz ; Ontologie
    Abstract: This profound exploration of one of the core notions of philosophy-the concept of existence itself-reviews, then counters (via Meinongian theory), the mainstream philosophical view running from Hume to Frege, Russell, and Quine, summarized thus by Kant: “Existence is not a predicate.” The initial section of the book presents a comprehensive introduction to, and critical evaluation of, this mainstream view. The author moves on to provide the first systematic survey of all the main Meinongian theories of existence, which, by contrast, reckon existence to be a real, full-fledged property of objects that some things possess, and others lack. As an influential addition to the research literature, the third part develops the most up-to-date neo-Meinongian theory called Modal Meinongianism, applies it to specific fields such as the ontology of fictional objects, and discusses its open problems, laying the groundwork for further research.In accordance with the latest trends in analytic ontology, the author prioritizes a meta-ontological viewpoint, adopting a dual definition of meta-ontology as the discourse on the meaning of being, and as the discourse on the tools and methods of ontological enquiry. This allows a balanced assessment of philosophical views on a cost-benefit basis, following multiple criteria for theory evaluation. Compelling and revealing, this new publication is a vital addition to contemporary philosophical ontology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Prologue: Much Ado About Nothing -- Acknowledgments -- Existence as Logic -- Chapter 1. The Paradox of Non-Being -- Chapter 2. To Exist and to Count -- Chapter 3. Troubles for the Received View -- Nonexistence -- Chapter 4. Existence As a Real Property -- Chapter 5. Naïve Meinongianism -- Chapter 6. Meinongianisms of The First, Second, and Third Kind -- Close Encounters (with Nonexistents) of the Third Kind -- Chapter 7. Conceiving the Impossible -- Chapter 8. Nonexistents of The Third Kind at Work -- Chapter 9. Open Problems -- References -- Index.​.
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400752436
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 241 p. 13 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Philosophy of Engineering and Technology 9
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Norms in technology
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ethics ; Technology Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ethics ; Technology Philosophy ; Technik ; Philosophie ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Technik ; Philosophie ; Erkenntnistheorie
    Abstract: This book offers a fusion of philosophy and technology, delineating the normative landscape that informs today s technologies and tomorrow s inventions. It examines what is deemed to be the internal norms that govern the ever-expanding technical universe
    Abstract: This book is a distinctive fusion of philosophy and technology, delineating the normative landscape that informs today’s technologies and tomorrow’s inventions. The authors examine what we deem to be the internal norms that govern our ever-expanding technical universe. Recognizing that developments in technology and engineering literally create our human future, transforming existing knowledge into tomorrow’s tools and infrastructure, they chart the normative criteria we use to evaluate novel technological artifacts: how, for example, do we judge a ‘good’ from a ‘bad’ expert system or nuclear power plant? As well as these ‘functional’ norms, and the norms that guide technological knowledge and reasoning, the book examines commonly agreed benchmarks in safety and risk reduction, which play a pivotal role in engineering practice.Informed by the core insight that, in technology and engineering, factual knowledge relating, for example, to the properties of materials or the load-bearing characteristics of differing construction designs is not enough, this analysis follows the often unseen foundations upon which technologies rest-the norms that guide the creative forces shaping the technical landscape to come. The book, a comprehensive survey of these emerging topics in the philosophy of technology, clarifies the role these norms (epistemological, functional, and risk-assessing) play in technological innovation, and the consequences they have for our understanding of technological knowledge.
    Description / Table of Contents: Norms in Technology; Preface; Contents; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1 The Many Relations Between Norms and Technology; 2 Two Types of Instrumental Norms; 3 Norms, Risk and Safety; 3.1 The Illusion of Nonnormative Risk Assessment; 3.2 The Undesirability of Risks; 3.3 Prioritization Among Incomparable Risks; 3.4 Probability Weighing; 3.5 Safety Norms in Engineering Practice; 4 The Structure of the Book; Part I: Normativity in Technological Knowledge and Action; Chapter 2: Extending the Scope of the Theory of Knowledge; 1 Introduction; 2 Science and Engineering Knowledge; 3 Engineering Knowledge
    Description / Table of Contents: 4 Exploring Types of Engineering Knowledge5 Will the Justified True Belief Account Work?; 6 Bearers of Knowledge: Beliefs, Actions and Other Categories; 7 Conclusion; Appendix : Edison's Patent; References; Chapter 3: Rules, Plans and the Normativity of Technological Knowledge; 1 Introduction; 2 Technological Rules and Norms; 3 Plans and Agents; 4 Normativity in Technological Knowledge; 5 Towards an Epistemology of Routines; 6 Conclusions; References; Chapter 4: Beliefs, Acceptances and Technological Knowledge; 1 Introduction: Can Technological Knowledge Be a Matter of Beliefs Only?
    Description / Table of Contents: 2 Types of Acceptances3 Types of Technological Knowledge; 4 Conclusions; References; Chapter 5: Policy Objectives and the Functions of Transport Systems; 1 Introduction; 2 Background and Observations; 2.1 Swedish Transport Policy Objectives; 2.2 Conceptions of Objectives and Rationality; 3 Normative Implications and Lessons Learned; 3.1 Goals Are Subject to Evaluation and Updating; 3.2 There Is a Trade-Off Between Precision and Flexibility; 3.3 Different Kinds of Goals Require Different Approaches; 4 Philosophical Relevance; 4.1 Future Generations
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.2 Standard of Measurement (Axiological Commensurability)4.3 Fairness; 5 Concluding Remarks; References; Chapter 6: Rational Goals in Engineering Design: The Venice Dams; 1 Introduction; 2 The Function of Engineering Goals; 3 Designing the MOSE System; 4 Precision; 5 Evaluability; 6 Approachability; 7 Consistency; 8 Concluding Remarks; References; Part II: Normativity and Artefact Norms; Chapter 7: Valuation of Artefacts and the Normativity of Technology; 1 Introduction; 2 Classifying Value Statements; 2.1 Quantitative Classification; 2.2 Classification in Terms of Value Standards
    Description / Table of Contents: 3 Categories of Technological Objects4 Functional Value Statements in Technology; 4.1 Function and Value: A First Approximation; 4.2 Four Types of Categories; 4.3 Asymmetries in the Use of Value Terms; 5 Norms; 6 Conclusion; Appendix: The Logic of Category-Specified Value; Categories and Their Elements; Subcategories; Value Predicates; Some Valid Inference Principles; References; Chapter 8: Artefactual Norms; 1 Introduction; 2 What's in a Norm?; 3 Artefact Use and Norms; 3.1 Compatibility; 3.2 Interference; 3.3 Quality; 4 Artefact Design and Norms; 4.1 Marketability; 4.2 Manufacturability
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.3 Transportability, Installability
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Introduction -- Part I. Normativity in Technological Knowledge and Action.-Chapter 1.  Extending the scope of technological knowledge: Anthonie W.M. Meijers and Peter Kroes -- Chapter 2. Rules, plans and the normativity of technological knowledge: Wybo Houkes -- Chapter 3. Beliefs, acceptances and technological knowledge: Marc J. de Vries and Anthonie W.M. Meijers -- Chapter 4. Policy objectives and the functions of transport systems: Holger Rosencrantz -- Chapter 5. Rational Goals in Engineering Design: The Venice Dams Case: Karin Edvardsson Björnberg -- Part 2. Normativity and Artefact Norms -- Chapter 6. Valuation of Artefacts and the Normativity of Technology: Sven Ove Hansson -- Chapter 7. Artifactual norms: Krist Vaesen -- Chapter 8. Instrumental Artifact Functions and Normativity: Jesse Hughes -- Chapter 9. The goodness and kindness of artefacts: Maarten Franssen -- Part 3. Normativity and Technological Risks -- Chapter 10. The Non-Reductivity of Normativity in Risks: Niklas Möller -- Chapter 11. Risk and Degrees of Rightness: Martin Peterson and Nicolas Espinoza -- Chapter 12. Naturalness, Artifacts, and Value: Per Sandin -- Chapter 13. Trust in Technological Systems: Philip J. Nickel -- Index.     ​.
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 1283698137 , 9789400750432 , 9781283698139
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 308 p) , digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H.L. van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 207
    Parallel Title: Print version The Philosophy of Edmund Husserl
    DDC: 142.7
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938
    Abstract: The present volume containing the dissertation of Dorion Cairns is the first part of a comprehensive edition of the philosophical papers of one of the foremost disseminators and interpreters of Husserlian phenomenology in North-America. Based on his intimate knowledge of Husserl's published writings and unpublished manuscripts and on the many conversations and discussions he had with Husserl and Fink during his stay in Freiburg i. Br. in 1931-1932. Cairns's dissertation is a comprehensive exposition of the methodological foundations and the concrete phenomenological analyses of Husserl's transcendental phenomenology. The lucidity and precision of Cairns's presentation is remarkable and demonstrates the secure grasp he had of Husserl's philosophical intentions and phenomenological distinctions. Starting from the phenomenological reduction and Husserl's Idea of Philosophy, Cairns proceeds with a detailed analysis of intentionality and the intentional structures of consciousness. In its scope and in the depth and nuance of its understanding, Cairns's dissertation belongs beside the writings on Husserl by Levinas and Fink from the same period
    Abstract: The present volume containing the dissertation of Dorion Cairns is the first part of a comprehensive edition of the philosophical papers of one of the foremost disseminators and interpreters of Husserlian phenomenology in North-America.Based on his intimate knowledge of Husserl’s published writings and unpublished manuscripts and on the many conversations and discussions he had with Husserl and Fink during his stay in Freiburg i. Br. in 1931-1932. Cairns’s dissertation is a comprehensive exposition of the methodological foundations and the concrete phenomenological analyses of Husserl’s transcendental phenomenology. The lucidity and precision of Cairns’s presentation is remarkable and demonstrates the secure grasp he had of Husserl’s philosophical intentions and phenomenological distinctions. Starting from the phenomenological reduction and Husserl’s Idea of Philosophy, Cairns proceeds with a detailed analysis of intentionality and the intentional structures of consciousness. In its scope and in the depth and nuance of its understanding, Cairns’s dissertation belongs beside the writings on Husserl by Levinas and Fink from the same period.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Philosophy of Edmund Husserl; Editorial Foreword; Preface; Summary6; Contents; Chapter 1: The Transcendental Phenomenological Reduction: Husserl's Concept of the Idea of Philosophy; Appendix; Chapter 2: General Nature of Intentionality; Chapter 3: General Structure of the Act-Correlate*; Chapter 4: Thetic Quality; Chapter 5: Act-Horizon; Chapter 6: Founded Structures; Chapter 7: Direct and Indirect, Impressional and Reproductive, Consciousness; Chapter 8: Evidence; Chapter 9: Fulfilment; Chapter 10: Pure Possibility; Chapter 11: Recapitulation and Program
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 12: The Egological ReductionChapter 13: Primordial Sense-Perception; Chapter 14: Primordial Sense-Perception (Continued); Chapter 15: The Founding Strata of Primordial Sense-Perception; Chapter 16: The Constitution of Immanent Objects, and the General Nature of Association; Chapter 17: Spontaneity in General Attention; Chapter 18: Doxic Explication; Chapter 19: The Ego-Aspect of Evidence and the Evidence of Reflection; Chapter 20: Syntactical Acts and Syntactical Objects; Chapter 21: The Eidos and the Apriori; Chapter 22: Value Objects and Practical Objects
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 23: Conceptualization and ExpressionChapter 24: The Transcendental Ego; Chapter 25: The Transcendental Monad; Chapter 26: The Other Mind and the Intersubjective World; Chapter 27: Conclusion; Index;
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. The Transcendental Phenomenological Reduction: Husserl's concept of the Idea of Philosophy -- a. Appendix to Chapter 1 -- 2. General Nature of Intentionality -- 3. General Structure of the Act-Correlate -- 4. Thetic Quality -- 5. Act-Horizon -- 6. Founded Structures -- 7. Direct and Indirect, Impressional and Reproductive, Consciousness -- 8. Evidence -- 9. Fulfilment -- 10. Pure Possibility -- 11. Recapitulation and Program. 12. The Egological Reduction -- 13. Primordial Sense-Perception.-  14. Primordial Sense-Perception (Continued) -- 15. The Founding Strata of Primordial Sense-Perception -- 16. The Constitution of Immanent Objects, and the General Nature of Association.-  17. Spontaneity in General Attention -- 18. Doxic Explication -- 19. The Ego-Aspect of Evidence and the Evidence of Reflection -- 20. Syntactical Acts and Syntactical Objects -- 21. The Eidos and the Apriori -- 22. Value Objects and Practical Objects.-  23. Conceptualization and Expression.-  24. The Transcendental Ego.-  25. The Transcendental Monad -- 26. The Other Mind and the Intersubjective World -- 27. Conclusion.​.
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  • 97
    ISBN: 9789400756007
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 235 p. 2 illus) , digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in the Philosophy of Sociality 1
    DDC: 378.005
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ontology ; Law Psychological aspects
    Abstract: This volume aims at giving the reader an overview over the most recent theoretical and methodological findings in a new and rapidly evolving area of current theory of society: social ontology. This book brings together philosophical, sociological and psychological approaches and advances the theory towards a solution of contemporary problems of society, such as the integration of cultures, the nature of constitutive rules, and the actions of institutional actors. It focuses on the question of the background of action in society and illuminates one of the most controversial, cross-disciplinary questions of the field while providing insight into the ontological structure of groups as agents. This volume offers an interesting and important contribution to the debate as it does well in bridging the gap between the analytical and the continental tradition in social philosophy. In addition, this volume expands the reach and depth of the philosophy of sociality by relating it to philosophical ideas from the late 19th and early 20th centuries and to key thinkers such as Husserl, Heidegger, and Bourdieu. The contributors include internationally renowned scholars as well as a highly selected set of younger scholars whose work is at the cutting edge of their field. Scholarly, yet accessible, this book is an essential resource for researchers across the social sciences. ​
    Description / Table of Contents: The Background of Social Reality; Contents; The Cultural Background of Acting Together; The Argument from Metaphor and Rule Following; Contingency and the Argument from Experience; In Terms of Theory: Some Programmatic Considerations; The Interpretative Task; The Empirical Method of Philosophy: Making Meaning; The Exegesis of Canon; Outline of the Present Volume; Part I The Ontology of Groups: Their Minds, Intentions, Actions, and Interactions; Part II Into the Background: Capacities and Cases; Part III Social Reality: Its Essence and Constitution
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I: The Ontology of Groups: Their Minds, Intentions, Actions and InteractionsWho Is Afraid of Group Agents and Group Minds?; Introduction; Group Agents and the We-Mode Approach; Collective Intentions; Some Historical Accounts of Group Minds and Group Agents; Conclusion; References; Trying to Act TogetherThe Structure and Role of Trust in Joint Action; 1; 2; 3; References; Missing the Forest for the TreesThe Theoretical Irrelevance of Shared Intentions; The Formation and Agency of Corporate Entities; Shared Intentions?; Responses to Individualist Objections
    Description / Table of Contents: Some Problems with IndividualismConclusion; References; The Boys Carried the Piano UpstairsReconsidering Akratic Action in Group Contexts; Introduction; Defining Akrasia; Single Akratic Agents (In Group Contexts); Strong and Weak Cases of Akrasia; Describing Group Actions; Applying the Analysis Against a Holist Account of Groups; The First-Person Perspective of Agents; Outlook: Collective Akrasia; References; Creating Interpersonal Reality through Conversational Interactions; Introduction; Collective Acceptance as Joint Commitment; Joint Commitments to Projects; Joint Meaning
    Description / Table of Contents: Conversational InteractionsConclusions; References; Part II: Into the Background: Capacities and Cases; Social Rules and the Social Background; Introduction; The Background According to Searle; The Background, Consciousness, and the Connection Principle; The Background and Rules; The Background as Nonconceptual; The Social Background and Layers of Collective Intentionality; References; Sharing the BackgroundSearle, Wittgenstein and Heidegger About the Background of Rule-Governed Behaviour; 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; References
    Description / Table of Contents: From Sharing a Background to Sharing One's PresenceTwo Conditions of Joint AttentionIntroduction; The Phenomenon; Generation of Mutual Awareness: Two Conditions; Three Levels of Intentional Attitudes; A Shared Perspective and the Sense of Us; Conclusion; References; Social Ontology, Cultural Sociology, and the War on TerrorToward a Cultural Explanation of Institutional Change; Introduction; The Construction of Social Reality: Searle's Social Ontology; A Cultural-Sociological Reading of Searle's Background; Apocalypse Now: 9/11 and the War on Terror
    Description / Table of Contents: The Image Problem: The Iraq War and the Abu Ghraib Photographs
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400749917
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 116 p, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Law
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Human physiology ; Philosophy of law ; Developmental psychology ; Law ; Law ; Human physiology ; Philosophy of law ; Developmental psychology
    Abstract: "This book is an introductory systematic framework in the complex and interdisciplinary sex/gender debate, focusing on philosophy of law. The volume analyses the different theories that have dealt with the gender category, highlighting the conceptual premises and the arguments of the most influential theories in the debate, which have had repercussions on the field of the ethical and juridical debate (with reference to intersexuality, transsexualism, transgender, homosexuality). The aim is to offer a sort of conceptual orientation in the complexity of the debate, in an effort to identify the various aspects and development processes of the theories, so as to highlight the conceptual elements of the theorisations to grasp the problem areas within them. It is therefore an overall synthetic and also explicative analysis, but not only explicative: the aim is to outline the arguments supporting the different theories and the counter-arguments too, for the purpose of proposing categories to weigh up the elements and to take one's own critical stance, with a methodological style that is neither descriptive nor prescriptive, but critical"--Publisher's website
    Abstract: This book is an introductory systematic framework in the complex and interdisciplinary sex/gender debate, focusing on philosophy of law.The volume analyses the different theories that have dealt with the gender category, highlighting the conceptual premises and the arguments of the most influential theories in the debate, which have had repercussions on the field of the ethical and juridical debate (with reference to intersexuality, transsexualism, transgender, homosexuality). The aim is to offer a sort of conceptual orientation in the complexity of the debate, in an effort to identify the var
    Description / Table of Contents: Gender in Philosophyand Law; Introduction; Contents; 1 From 'Sex' to 'Gender': Origins and Paths of Theorisation; Abstract; 1.1…Paths of Psychosexology and Psychoanalysis; 1.1.1 Money: The Plasticity of Gender; 1.1.2 Stoller: Core Gender Identity; 1.1.3 Freud's Contribution to the Theory of Gender Identity; 1.2…Sociological Paths; 1.2.1 Doing Gender; 1.2.2 Gender as a Social Construction; 1.2.3 Gender as a Cultural Construction; 1.3…Philosophical Paths of Feminism; 1.3.1 From Equality/Difference to the Question of Sex/Gender; 1.3.2 Women are Like Men: Oppression as a Matter of Gender
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.1.1 From the Conference of Cairo and Beijing3.1.2 The Yogyakarta Principles; 3.1.3 Other Documents; 3.2…Lines of European Regulations; 3.2.1 Provisions; 3.2.2 Sentences and Documents; 3.3…A Look at European Legislations; 4 Identity and Equality in Sexual Difference; Abstract; 4.1…Male or Female: The Reasons for Sexual Binarism; 4.1.1 A Person is Born Male or Female: The Non-malleability of Gender; 4.1.2 Sexual Identity as Constitutive of the Self; 4.1.3 The Sexes are Two: Neither Many Nor One Nor None; 4.1.4 One Becomes a Woman or Man, if She/He Already is
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.1.5 The Variability of the Gender Identity4.1.6 Transsexualism as the Search for Sex/Gender Harmony; 4.1.7 The Intersex Condition and Transgender as a Problem; 4.2…The Dialectic of the Sexes: The Reasons for Complementarity; 4.2.1 Sexual Difference in the Relationship; 4.2.2 Heterosexuality as Straight Orientation: The Generation; 4.2.3 The 'Rainbow Family' as a Problem; 4.3…Gender Between Equality and Non Discrimination; 4.3.1 The Ambiguities of Equality: Treating Equals Equally and the Unequal Unequally; 4.3.2 Women and Men: Equal and Different Before the Law
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.3.3 The LGBTI Claims: Equality as Equivalence4.3.4 The Claim of the Aggravating Circumstance for Offences of Homophobia and Transphobia as a Problem; 4.3.5 The Law Cannot and Must Not be Indifferent; Glossary; Selected Bibliography on 'Sex/gender' Debate;
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.3.3 Rethinking: the Second Sex Questions Nature and Culture1.3.4 The Sexual Revolution: Women Beyond Their Biological Destiny; 1.3.5 Lesbian Separatism; 2 From Gender to Queer; Abstract; 2.1…Gender Between Modern and Postmodern; 2.1.1 A Paradigm Shift in Gender; 2.1.2 The Multiplication of Differences: Intersections of Gender; 2.1.3 Un-Doing Gender: The Queer Category; 2.2…Post-gender and Post-queer; 2.2.1 J. Butler: Undoing Gender; 2.2.2 T. De Lauretis: Sui Generis; 2.2.3 D. Haraway: Cyborgs; 3 Gender: From Theory to Law; Abstract; 3.1…Lines of International Declarations and Provisions
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400750319 , 1283640864 , 9781283640862
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 318 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in German Idealism 14
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Studies in German idealism
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Poma, Andrea The impossibility and necessity of theodicy
    RVK:
    Keywords: Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm: Essais de théodicée sur la bonté de Dieu, la liberté de l'homme et l'origine du mal ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm *1646-1716* ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; Philosophy ; Theodizee ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 Essais de théodicée sur la bonté de dieu, la liberté de l'homme et l'origine du mal ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 ; Theodizee ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 Essais de théodicée sur la bonté de dieu, la liberté de l'homme et l'origine du mal ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 ; Theodizee
    Abstract: This book provides an analytical interpretation of Leibniz's 'Essais de Théodicée' with wide-ranging references to all his works. It shows and upholds many thesis: Leibniz's rational conception of faith, his rational notion of mystery, the reformation of classical ontology, and the importance of Leibniz's thought in the tradition of the critical idealism. In his endeavor to formulate a theodicy, Leibniz emerges as a classic exponent of a non-immanentist modern rationalism, capable of engaging in a close dialogue with religion and faith. This relation implies that God and reason are directly involved in posing the challenge and that the defence of one is the defence of the other. Theodicy and logodicy are two key aspects of a philosophy which is open to faith and of a faith which is able to intervene in culture and history.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Impossibility and Necessity of Theodicy; Contents; Abbreviations and Symbols; Part I: The Impossibility and Necessity of Theodicy. The "Essais" of Leibniz; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1 Theodicy; 2 Philosophical Theodicy; 3 The Theodicy of Leibniz; Chapter 2: True Piety; 1 Truth and Appearance; 2 The Fundamental Truths of Faith; 3 Light and Virtue; 4 The Love of God; 5 Fatum Christianum; Chapter 3: Faith and Reason; 1 The General Terms of the Controversy; 2 Reason; 3 Truth Over and Against Reason: Mystery; 4 Faith and Apologetics: Comprehending and Upholding
    Description / Table of Contents: 5 The Antagonist of the Theodicy: ScepticismChapter 4: Apologetic Arguments in the Theodicy; 1 The Brief; 2 The Legal Arguments; 2.1 The Presumed Innocence of God; 2.2 That the Onus of Proof Lies with the Prosecution; 2.3 It Is Not Legitimate to Do Wrong in Order to Obtain that Which Is Right; 3 The Apologetic Arguments; 4 The Antagonist of the Theodicy: Gnosis; Chapter 5: Predetermination and Free Will; 1 Absolute Necessity vs. Hypothetical and Moral Necessity; 2 Contingency; 3 The Will; 4 Freedom; Chapter 6: Evil and the Best of All Possible Worlds; 1 The Principle of "the Best"
    Description / Table of Contents: 2 The Best of All Possible Worlds3 Evil; 4 Evil in the Best of All Possible Worlds; Chapter 7: God and the Reason Principle; 1 Divine Attributes: Faculties and Values; 2 The Central Role of Wisdom; 3 The Existence of God; 4 The Necessary Being and the Supremely Perfect Being; 5 God and the Reason Principle; Chapter 8: Conclusion; 1 The Theodicy of Leibniz; 2 Philosophical Theodicy; 3 Theodicy; Part II: Appendices; Chapter 9: Appendix One: The Metaphor of the "Two Labyrinths" and Its Implications in Leibniz's Thought; 1 The Metaphor and Its Meaning; 2 Geometric and Mechanical Curves
    Description / Table of Contents: 3 Natural and Artificial Machines4 Necessity and Contingency; 5 Hypothetical and Moral Necessity; 6 The Calculus of Variations; 7 The Best of All Possible Worlds; 8 Conclusion; Chapter 10: Appendix Two: The Reasons of Reason According to Leibniz; Chapter 11: Appendix Three: From Ontology to Ethics: Leibniz vs. Eckhard; Chapter 12: Appendix Four: Moral Necessity in Leibniz; 1 Possibility and Necessity: Non-existent Possibles; 2 Certain Determination; 3 Moral Necessity; Name Index;
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400753518 , 1283936070 , 9781283936071
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 315 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 298
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Agassi, Joseph, 1927 - 2023 The very idea of modern science
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science ; Europe ; History ; 16th century ; Science ; Europe ; History ; 17th century ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie ; Citizen Science ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie ; Citizen Science
    Abstract: This book is a study of the scientific revolution as a movement of amateur science. It describes the ideology of the amateur scientific societies as the philosophy of the Enlightenment Movement and their social structure and the way they made modern science such a magnificent institution. It also shows what was missing in the scientific organization of science and why it gave way to professional science in stages. In particular the book studies the contributions of Sir Francis Bacon and of the Hon. Robert Boyle to the rise of modern science. The philosophy of induction is notoriously problematic, yet its great asset is that it expressed the view of the Enlightenment Movement about science. This explains the ambivalence that we still exhibit towards Sir Francis Bacon whose radicalism and vision of pure and applied science still a major aspect of the fabric of society. Finally, the book discusses Boyle’s philosophy, his agreement with and dissent from Bacon and the way he single-handedly trained a crowd of poorly educated English aristocrats and rendered them into an army of able amateur researchers.​
    Description / Table of Contents: The Very Idea of ModernScience; Abstract; Preface; Acknowledgement; Contents; Part I: Bacons Doctrine of Prejudice (A Study in a Renaissance Religion); Introductory Note; Chapter 1: The Riddle of Bacon; 1.1 The Problem of Methodology; 1.2 The Criticism of Bacon's Writings; 1.3 The Past Suggested Solutions; Chapter 2: Bacon's Philosophy of Discovery; 2.1 Bacon's Utopianism; 2.2 Bacon's Metaphysics; 2.3 Bacon's Induction; 2.4 Bacon's Inductive Machine; Chapter 3: Ellis' Major Difficulty; Chapter 4: The Function of the Doctrine of Prejudice; 4.1 Radicalism; 4.2 Radicalism Invented
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.3 Radical MethodologyChapter 5: Bacon on the Origin of Error and Prejudice; Chapter 6: Prejudices of the Senses; 6.1 The Problem of Observation; 6.2 Prejudices of the Senses; 6.3 Bacon's Theory of Discovery; 6.4 Whewell's Theory of Discovery; 6.5 Popper's Theory of Discovery; 6.6 Bacon's "Mark" of Science; Chapter 7: Prejudices of Opinions; 7.1 Suspension of Judgment; 7.2 What Is a Prejudice?; 7.3 Bacon and the Logical Empiricists; 7.4 Bacon's Double Game; 7.5 The Origin of Scientific Theories; 7.6 Science and Imagination; Chapter 8: Bacon's Influence; 8.1 Influence on Immediate Posterity
    Description / Table of Contents: 8.2 Permission to Propose a Hypothesis and to Assert Metaphysics8.3 Permission De Jure and de Facto; 8.4 Legitimation Versus Criticism; 8.5 Bacon's Influence; Chapter 9: Conclusion : The Rise of the Riddle of Bacon; Part II: The Religion of Inductivism as a Living Force; Quasi-Terminological Notes; "The Inductive Style"; "Speculation" and "Hypothesis"; "Hypothesis" and "Fact"; On the Recent Literature; Homage to Robert Boyle; Chapter 10: Philosophical Background; 10.1 Inductivism Classical and Modern; 10.2 Metaphysical Views, Classical and Modern; 10.3 The Doctrine of Prejudice
    Description / Table of Contents: 10.4 The Moral Code of the Fraternity10.5 Conclusion; Chapter 11: The Social Background of Classical Science; 11.1 Researchers as Amateurs; 11.2 Researchers as Experts; 11.3 Researchers as Inventors; 11.4 Researchers as Dilettantes; Chapter 12: The Missing Link Between Bacon and the Royal Society; 12.1 The Rise of the Royal Society; 12.2 Boyle's Spirit; 12.3 Boyle's Views on the Spread of Science; Chapter 13: Boyle in the Eyes of Posterity; 13.1 The Eighteenth Century; 13.2 Herschel's Unfair Comment; 13.3 Who Discovered Boyle's Law?; 13.4 Modern Views on Boyle; 13.5 Conclusion
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 14: The Inductive Style14.1 The Discussion of Style; 14.2 The Inductive Style Versus the Argumentative Style; 14.3 Reporting on Experiments and Writing Systems; 14.4 Boyle on some Systems; 14.5 Thinking and Experimenting; 14.6 The Inductive Style; 14.7 Encyclopedia of Facts or a Just History of Nature; 14.8 Boyle's Promiscuous Experiments; 14.9 Boyle on Attempts to Create some Theories; 14.10 Methodological Tolerance; 14.11 The Usefulness of Hypotheses; 14.12 Civilized Argument; 14.13 Boyle on the Method of Quoting; 14.14 Circumstantial Descriptions A: The Problem
    Description / Table of Contents: 14.15 Circumstantial Descriptions B: Recent Solutions
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Acknowledgement -- PART I: BACONS DOCTRINE OF PREJUDICE -- (A study in a Renaissance Religion) Introductory Note -- I The Riddle of Bacon -- (1)  The Problem of Methodology -- (2)    II Bacon’s Philosophy of Discovery -- III Ellis’ Major Difficulty -- IV The Function of the Doctrine of Prejudice -- V Bacon on the origin of error and prejudice -- VI Prejudices of the Senses -- VII Prejudices of Opinions -- VIII Bacon’s Influence -- IX Conclusion: The rise of the commonwealth of learning -- PART II: A RELIGION OF INDUCTIVISM AS A LIVING FORCE -- A Quasi-Terminological Note -- On the recent literature -- Homage to Robert Boyle -- I Background Material -- II The social background of classical science -- III The Missing Link between Bacon and the Royal Society of London -- IV Boyle in the Eyes of Posterity -- V The Inductive Style -- VI Mechanism -- VII The new doctrine of prejudice -- Appendices. ​.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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