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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (428)
  • KOBV  (228)
  • München UB  (55)
  • Bayreuth UB  (40)
  • MFK München  (30)
  • IVB
  • Online Resource  (567)
  • Image  (117)
  • 2025-2025  (8)
  • 2000-2004  (684)
  • 2003  (403)
  • 2001  (289)
  • Governance  (207)
  • Hochschulschrift  (136)
  • Bildband
  • Europa
  • Theorie
  • United States
Datasource
Material
Language
Years
Year
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
Subjects(RVK)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Research on aging. (1979-)
    [Thousand Oaks, CA] :[Sage Publications.] ; Print began in 1979.
    Details
    ISSN: 0164-0275 , ISSN 0164-0275
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Print began in 1979.
    Uniform Title: Research on aging (Online)
    Parallel Title: Research on aging
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Gerontology Periodicals. ; Aging Periodicals. ; Aging. ; Gerontology Periodicals. ; Older people Periodicals. ; Aging ; Geriatrics ; Gérontologie Périodiques. ; Personnes âgées Périodiques. ; Vieillissement Périodiques. ; Gérontologie Périodiques. ; Vieillissement. ; Aging ; Gerontology ; United States ; Fulltext. ; Internet Resources. ; Periodicals. ; Periodicals
    Note: Mode of access: World Wide Web.
    URL: http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Stanford&SrcApp=AMR&DestApp=IC2JCR&KeyISSN=0164-0275
    URL: Access restricted to Stanford community
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    KOBV
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Journal of family issues. (1980-)
    Thousand Oaks, CA :Sage Publications. ; Print began in 1980.
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-513X , ISSN 0192-513X
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Print began in 1980.
    Uniform Title: Journal of family issues (Online)
    Parallel Title: Journal of family issues
    DDC: 306.85
    Keywords: Families Periodicals. ; Nuclear families. ; Families. ; Sociology. ; Family ; Sociology ; Family Relations ; Nuclear Family ; Familles Périodiques. ; Familles. ; Sociologie. ; sociology. ; Sociology ; Nuclear families ; Families ; United States ; Fulltext. ; Internet Resources. ; Periodicals. ; Periodicals
    Note: Mode of access: World Wide Web. , Sponsored by the National Council on Family Relations.
    URL: http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Stanford&SrcApp=AMR&DestApp=IC2JCR&KeyISSN=0192-513X
    URL: Access restricted to Stanford community
    URL: Access restricted to Stanford community
    URL: MacEwan University Access: v.1(1980)-
    URL: University of Alberta Access: 1980-
    URL: Full-text via EUI LINKS
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    KOBV
  • 3
    Image
    Image
    Fukushoku zukai (1816-)
    [Japan] : [publisher not identified]
    Details
    Title: 服色圖解
    Author, Corporation: 本間, 百里
    Language: Japanese
    Pages: 2 Bände , 27 cm
    Keywords: Costume History To 1868 ; Bildband
    Abstract: Bilder und Erklärungen : Kleider nach Vorschrift des Hofzeremoniells
    Note: Titel und Zählung laut Titelstreifen, Urheber und Datierung laut Vorwort , On double leaves, oriental style (fukurotoji) , In japanischer Schrift und Sprache
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Image
    KOBV
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acta ethnographica Hungarica : an international journal of ethnography (1999-)
    Budapest : Akadémiai Kiadó ; 44, 1/2 (1999) [?]-
    In:  Central and Eastern European online library
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2586 , 1216-9803 , 1216-9803
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 44, 1/2 (1999) [?]-
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Acta ethnographica Hungarica
    Titel der Quelle: Central and Eastern European online library
    Publ. der Quelle: Frankfurt am Main : Central and Eastern European Online Library GmbH, 2003
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Volkskunde ; Zeitschrift ; Ungarn ; Europa ; Gesellschaft ; Kultur
    Note: Gesehen am 05.06.2018 , 44.1999 teils fälschlich als 44.2000 bezeichnet , Beiträge meist englisch, teils in anderen Sprachen
    URL: https://akjournals.com/view/journals/022/022-overview.xml
    URL: https://www.ceeol.com/search/journal-detail?id=2065
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2110467
    URL: https://akjournals.com/view/journals/022/022-overview.xml
    URL: https://www.ceeol.com/search/journal-detail?id=2065
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2110467
    URL: https://akjournals.com/view/journals/022/022-overview.xml
    URL: https://www.ceeol.com/search/journal-detail?id=2065
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2110467
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Volltext
    URL: https://akjournals.com/view/journals/022/022-overview.xml
    URL: https://www.ceeol.com/search/journal-detail?id=2065
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2110467-0
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Volltext
    URL: https://akjournals.com/view/journals/022/022-overview.xml
    URL: https://www.ceeol.com/search/journal-detail?id=2065
    URL: https://nl.zugang.nationallizenzen.de/han/3ca6f472-81ae-ddf1-00e9-37a0f7f930d6
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2110467-0
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Volltext
    URL: https://www.ceeol.com/search/journal-detail?id=2065
    URL: https://nl.zugang.nationallizenzen.de/han/3ca6f472-81ae-ddf1-00e9-37a0f7f930d6
    URL: https://akjournals.com/view/journals/022/022-overview.xml
    URL: https://www.ceeol.com/search/journal-detail?id=2065
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2110467-0
    URL: https://akjournals.com/view/journals/022/022-overview.xml
    URL: https://www.ceeol.com/search/journal-detail?id=2065
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2110467-0
    URL: https://akjournals.com/view/journals/022/022-overview.xml
    URL: https://www.ceeol.com/search/journal-detail?id=2065
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2110467-0
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    Online Resource
    HU Berlin
    München BSB
    München UB
    Würzburg UB
    Regensburg UB
    BSZ
    GBV
    KOBV
    HeBIS
    BVB
    HBZ
    Bayreuth UB
    MARKK
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Environment and planning; A (1974-)
    London : Sage Publications | London : Pion ; Vol. 6, 1 (February 1974)-
    Details
    ISSN: 1472-3409 , ISSN 0308-518X , ISSN 0308-518X
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: Vol. 6, 1 (February 1974)-
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Environment & planning. A, Economy and space
    Former Title: Fortsetzung von Environment & planning
    DDC: 690
    Keywords: Raumordnung ; Stadtentwicklung ; Verkehrsplanung ; Theorie ; Welt ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Raumordnung ; Stadtgeografie ; Stadtentwicklung ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Gesehen am 09.01.2019
    URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/home/epn
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2039728-8
    URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/home/epn
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2039728-8
    URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/home/epn
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2039728-8
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    BSZ
    GBV
    KOBV
    MPI-MMG
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    International migration review : IMR (1966-)
    Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publications | New York, NY [u.a.] : Center for Migration Studies | Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell ; 1.1966 -
    In:  Prisma
    Details
    ISSN: 1747-7379 , ISSN 0197-9183 , ISSN 0197-9183
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1966 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als International migration review
    Former Title: Vorg International migration digest
    Titel der Quelle: Prisma
    Publ. der Quelle: [S.l.] : Proquest, 2009
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Internationale Migration ; Binnenwanderung ; Welt ; Theorie ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Soziale Mobilität ; Regionale Mobilität ; Internationale Migration
    Note: Volltext auch als Teil einer Datenbank verfügbar , Gesehen am 06.03.2020
    DOI: 10.1111/(ISSN)1747-7379
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/(ISSN)1747-7379
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2052202-2
    URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/loi/MRX
    URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/loi/17477379
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/intemigrrevi
    URL: http://heinonline.org
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/(ISSN)1747-7379
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2052202-2
    URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/loi/MRX
    URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/loi/17477379
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/intemigrrevi
    URL: http://heinonline.org
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/(ISSN)1747-7379
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2052202-2
    URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/loi/MRX
    URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/loi/17477379
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/intemigrrevi
    URL: http://heinonline.org
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    Online Resource
    BSZ
    GBV
    KOBV
    MPI-MMG
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Asia Europe journal : intercultural studies in the social sciences and humanities (2003-)
    Berlin : Springer ; 1.2003 -
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1031 , 1612-1031 , 1610-2932 , 1610-2932
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.2003 -
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Asia Europe journal
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Kultursoziologie ; Sozialwissenschaft ; Europa ; Asien ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Europa ; Asien ; Kulturvergleich ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation
    Note: Gesehen am 08.11.12. , Ersch. 4x jährl.
    URL: http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2111873
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/10308
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2111873-5
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/10308
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2111873-5
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/10308
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    BSZ
    GBV
    KOBV
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    International journal of urban and regional research (1977-)
    Oxford [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell | Oxford [u.a.] : Blackwell Publ. ; 1.1977 -
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2427 , ISSN 0309-1317 , ISSN 0309-1317
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1977 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als International journal of urban and regional research
    DDC: 690
    Keywords: Regionalwissenschaft ; Urbanistik ; Theorie ; Welt ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Gesehen am 28.03.2022
    DOI: 10.1111/(ISSN)1468-2427
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/(ISSN)1468-2427
    URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/14682427
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?1481045-1
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/(ISSN)1468-2427
    URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/14682427
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?1481045-1
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/(ISSN)1468-2427
    URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/14682427
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?1481045-1
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    BSZ
    GBV
    KOBV
    MPI-MMG
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Anthropological journal on European cultures (1990-2005)
    Münster : Lit-Verl. | Llangollen, Clwyd, Wales ; 1.1990/92 - 13.2004(2005)
    Details
    ISSN: 2412-2734 , 0960-0604
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1990/92 - 13.2004(2005)
    Additional Information: In Central and Eastern European online library
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Anthropological journal on European cultures
    Subsequent Title: Forts.: Anthropological yearbook of European cultures
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Kulturanthropologie ; Europa ; Monografische Reihe ; Zeitschrift ; Monografische Reihe ; Monografische Reihe ; Europa ; Kulturanthropologie ; Zeitschrift
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: http://www.ceeol.com/search/journal-detail?id=393
    URL: http://www.lit-verlag.de/reihe/ajec
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/antjeurcul
    URL: http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2834727
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: http://www.ceeol.com/search/journal-detail?id=393
    URL: http://www.lit-verlag.de/reihe/ajec
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/antjeurcul
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2834727-4
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: http://www.ceeol.com/search/journal-detail?id=393
    URL: http://www.lit-verlag.de/reihe/ajec
    URL: https://www.jstor.org/journal/antjeurcul
    URL: https://ezb.ur.de/?2834727-4
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    BSZ
    GBV
    KOBV
    HeBIS
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The economics of hydroelectric power (2003)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781035304400
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 178 pages) , illustrations
    Series Statement: New horizons in environmental economics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Edwards, Brian K., 1954 - The economics of hydroelectric power
    DDC: 333.91/4
    RVK:
    QR 600
    Keywords: Wasserkraft ; Talsperre ; Wasserkraftwerk ; Theorie ; Welt ; Electric utilities ; Hydroelectric power plants Economic aspects ; Dams Economic aspects ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Wasserkraft
    Abstract: Despite the extensive body of literature on energy economics, very little economics research has been conducted that focuses specifically on dams and hydroelectric power. Brian Edwards addresses this deficiency by examining the multiple roles that dams play, as well as the role of hydroelectric power within the context of the energy industry. Brian Edwards provides an in-depth analysis of how dams are used in water management, flood control and irrigation, as well as the environmental impacts of their construction and operation. He examines the types of restrictions imposed on operators to mitigate impacts, and the resulting tradeoffs between achieving hydroelectric generation and environmental management objectives. Also covered is the role of hydroelectric power in both a regulatory framework and within the context of the energy industry deregulation that has occurred in the US and other countries. A simple dynamic model of a hydroelectric generating facility forms the basis for other models discussed. Case studies of dams operated by the United States Department of Energy are also included. Environmental economists, researchers, policymakers, practitioners, and those interested in natural resources and the energy industry will find this a unique and valuable study
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The uses of dams and hydroelectric power -- 3. An overview of natural resource economics -- 4. How they work -- 5. An economic model of hydroelectric power provision -- 6. An economic model of hydroelectric power provision with environmental constraints -- 7. Hydroelectric power provision by a United States power marketing administration -- 8. Hydraulically-coupled dams: When one dam is not enough -- 9. Hydraulically-coupled dams: A case study of the aspinall unit -- 10. Summary and conclusions -- Bibliography -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 164-170) and index
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Innovations in financial and economic networks (2003)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781035304998
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiii, 322 pages) , illustrations
    Series Statement: New dimensions in networks
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Innovations in financial and economic networks
    DDC: 330/.01/5195
    RVK:
    SK 970
    RVK:
    QH 450
    Keywords: Netzwerk ; Unternehmensnetzwerk ; Wirtschaftsmodell ; Theorie ; Finance Mathematical models ; Economics, Mathematical ; Equilibrium (Economics) ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Mathematisches Modell ; Netzwerk ; Wirtschaft ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Wirtschaft ; Netzwerk ; Mathematisches Modell
    Abstract: Networks provide the foundation for the functioning of our societies and economies. Their study has had a long tradition in such fields as engineering, operations research, management science and computer science. More recently, the disciplines of finance and economics have come to be rich and fascinating sources of network-based problems and applications. This focused and refereed volume of contributions from leading international scholars provides a wealth of innovations in the study of financial and economic networks. The volume presents entirely new results: the conceptualization of the stock market as a graph, the evolution of financial systems as networks, the incorporation of electronic transactions in international finance (from a network perspective), new formalisms for the study of supply chains (as fluid models and in an network economic framework) and new applications of agent-based computational economics trade networks with intermediaries and worker-employer networks. Finally, trade networks in web-based caching are introduced. Financial applications covered include: portfolio optimization with transaction costs, integrated pension and corporate planning, evolutionary financial networks, international finance and electronic transactions as well as hedging instruments for transportation networks. Innovative approaches to economic networks are developed in the context of supply chain and distribution networks, a variety of trade (including web-based caching) networks and even worker-employer networks. A major addition to this exciting and important subject, Innovations in Financial and Economic Networks will be an invaluable resource for economists and the networks community, as well as researchers and students in computational economics and finance, operations research, management science, applied mathematics and computer science
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface -- 1. Financial and economic networks: An overview -- Part I: Financial networks -- 2. On structural properties of the market graph -- 3. Multistage stochastic mean-variance portfolio analysis with transaction costs -- 4. A stochastic network approach for integrating pension and corporate financial planning -- 5. Variational inequalities for evolutionary financial equilibrium -- 6. The growing importance of networks in finance and its effects on competition -- 7. International financial networks with electronic transactions -- 8. Using financial options to hedge transportation capacity in a deregulated rail industry -- Part II: Economic networks -- 9. A supply chain network economy: Modeling and qualitative analysis -- 10. Applications of fluid modeling in distribution systems -- 11. An agent-based evolutionary trade network simulation -- 12. Evolution of worker-employer networks and behaviors under alternative non-employment benefits: An agent-based computational study -- 13. Capacity provision networks: A technology framework and economic analysis of web cache trading hubs -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ecological and environmental economics : selected issues and policy responses (2003)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781035304769
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 361 pages) , illustrations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Tisdell, Clement A., 1939 - 2022 Ecological and environmental economics
    DDC: 333.7
    RVK:
    QT 200
    Keywords: Umweltökonomik ; Ressourcenökonomik ; Umweltpolitik ; Theorie ; Welt ; Environmental economics ; Sustainable development ; Environmental economics ; Sustainable development ; Bibliografie ; Quelle ; Umweltökonomie ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: This unique collection of Clem Tisdell's articles is an eminently readable and comprehensive economic analysis of important contemporary issues involving ecological and environmental economics. Coverage includes the role of ecological economics in the modern world, welfare and ethical considerations in environmental economics, sustainability concerns, the potential role of local communities in conservation, environmental aspects of population growth, and the relevance of carrying capacity concepts. The value for environmental management of different types of governance and of alternative economic policy instruments (such as environmental taxation compared to tradable permits) is also assessed. Ecological, environmental, natural resource, geographical and development economists will all find this book of great interest and value, as will policymakers in this area
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface -- Part I: Overview -- Part II: General issues in ecological and environmental economics -- Part III: Governance and policy instruments for environmental control -- Part IV: Environmental issues in australia, Asia and transitional economies -- Part V: Environmental health -- Index.
    Note: Previously published articles , Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Corporate technological competence and the evolution of technological diversification (2003)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781035304233
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 194 pages) , illustrations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Fai, Felicia M., 1971 - Corporate technological competence and the evolution of technological diversification
    Keywords: 1930-1990 ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Innovation ; Unternehmen ; Evolutionsökonomik ; Patent ; Technologie ; Theorie ; USA ; Diversification in industry ; Technological innovations ; Technological innovations Management ; Organizational change ; Technologiemanagement ; Diversifikation ; Innovationsfähigkeit
    Abstract: Drawing upon evolutionary economics and resource-based approaches, the author utilises US patent data from 1930-1990 to examine the persistence of corporate technological competencies and their gradual erosion through diversifying incremental change. The book explores the changing nature of this diversification with respect to firm size, technological relatedness and technological complexity in 32 firms distributed across four broadly defined industrial sectors. The findings suggest that industry and corporate technological profiles remain strong but are becoming blurred by the pervasiveness of general-purpose technologies. Although historically, diversification is associated with an increase in firm size, the author argues that in recent times it results from technological relatedness and complexity. This book will appeal to industrial and business economists, historians of business and technology, and students and scholars of technology management
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1. Introduction -- 2. The data -- 3. Industry-specific competencies and industrial convergence -- 4. Technological persistence in the evolution of corporate technological competence -- 5. Technological diversification -- 6. Scale and scope in technology: Influences on diversification -- 7. Technological inter-relatedness and complex diversification -- 8. Conclusions -- Appendices -- Bibliography -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 176-188) and index
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Modeling rational agents : from interwar economics to early modern game theory (2003)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781781956472
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 464 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Giocoli, Nicola, 1967 - Modeling rational agents
    RVK:
    QE 700
    RVK:
    QC 020
    RVK:
    QC 010
    Keywords: Rationalität ; Neoklassische Theorie ; Wirtschaftsmodell ; Wissenschaftliche Methode ; Spieltheorie ; Theorie ; Economics History 20th century ; Economists History 20th century ; Neoclassical school of economics ; Rational choice theory ; Game theory ; Economics History ; 20th century ; Economists History ; 20th century ; Neoclassical school of economics ; Rational choice theory ; Game theory ; Spieltheorie ; Neoklassische Theorie ; Rationale Erwartung ; Geschichte ; Neoklassische Theorie ; Entscheidungstheorie ; Rational Choice ; Spieltheorie ; Rationalprinzip ; Geschichte 1900-1950
    Abstract: The book explores the evolution, through the first half of the 20th century, of the key neoclassical concept of rationality. The analysis begins with the development of modern decision theory, covers the interwar debates over the role of perfect foresight and analyses the first game-theoretic solution concepts of von Neumann and Nash. The author's proposition is that the notion of rationality suffered a profound transformation that reduced it to a formal property of consistency. Such a transformation paralleled that of neoclassical economics as a whole from a discipline dealing with real economic processes to one investigating issues of logical consistency between mathematical relationships. Modeling Rational Agents will be of great interest to scholars of the history of economic thought and method, as well as all those working in the field of game and decision theory
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1. Introduction: Two images of economics -- 2. The escape from psychology -- 3. The escape from perfect foresight -- 4. Von neumann and morgenstern's game theory -- 5. Nash's game theory -- 6. Conclusion: The fall and rise of modern game theory -- References -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 15
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    The evolving economy : essays on the evolutionary approach to economics (2003)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781035304646
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 405 pages) , illustrations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Witt, Ulrich, 1946 - The evolving economy
    DDC: 330.1
    RVK:
    QC 340
    Keywords: Evolutionsökonomik ; Theorie ; Evolutionary economics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Evolutorische Wirtschaft
    Abstract: Change manifests itself in all facets of the economy. This important collection of previously published essays illustrates how the evolutionary approach can reveal not only where change comes from, and how it happens, but also where it will lead. The Evolving Economy covers a broad spectrum of issues ranging from the biological foundations of economic behavior to the co-evolution of firms, markets, and institutions. Ulrich Witt's individualistic approach synthesizes elements familiar from the writings of Veblen and Schumpeter on economic evolution. A conceptual debate on what the notion of evolution means in the economic context is as much emphasized as is the discussion of concrete hypotheses explaining why and how evolutionary economic change comes about. Offering an outline of a paradigm focusing on endogenous economic change, this book will be of great interest to economists and economic historians. Sociologists, philosophers and anthropologists will also find this work invaluable as it presents an encompassing assessment of the role of Darwinian thought for understanding human behavior and societal evolution
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface -- Part I: Introduction -- 1. Evolutionary economics and the extension of evolution to the economy -- -- Part II: Evolutionary concepts and methodology -- 2. Emergence and dissemination of innovation: Some principles of evolutionary economics -- 3. Evolutionary concepts in economics -- 4. Coordination of individual economic activities as an evolving process of self-organization -- 5. Firms' market behavior under imperfect information and economic natural selection -- 6. "lock-in" vs. "critical masses" - industrial change under network externalities -- -- Part III: The darwinian perspective and the continuity hypothesis -- 7. Bioeconomics as economics from a darwinian perspective -- 8. Economics, sociobiology, and behavioral psychology on pReferences -- 9. Economic behavior and biological evolution: Some remarks on the sociobiology debate -- 10. Self-organization and economics - what is new? -- -- Part IV: Evolution in the context of new institutional economics and public choice -- 11. The evolution of economic institutions as a propagation process -- 12. The endogenous public choice theorist -- 13. Multiple equilibria, critical masses, and institutional change. The coup d'état problem -- 14. Evolution and stability of cooperation without enforceable contracts -- 15. Between appeasement and belligerent moralism: The evolution of moral conduct in international politics -- 16. Innovations, externalities and the problem of economic progress -- -- Part V: The evolutionary approach and the austrian school of economics -- 17. Subjectivism in economics - a suggested reorientation -- 18. Endogenous change - causes and contingencies -- 19. Turning austrian economics into an evolutionary theory -- 20. Do entrepreneurs need firms? A contribution to a missing Chapter in austrian economics -- -- Index.
    Note: Selected essays from various sources , Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 16
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    Firms' investment and finance decisions : theory and empirical methodology (2003)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781781956335
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (352 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Firms' investment and finance decisions
    DDC: 332.63
    RVK:
    QP 720
    Keywords: Investition ; Unternehmensfinanzierung ; Unternehmen ; Betriebliche Investitionstheorie ; Betriebliche Finanzwirtschaft ; Theorie ; Welt ; Belgien ; Capital investments Congresses ; Corporations Congresses Finance ; Konferenzschrift ; Deutschland ; Industrie ; Investition
    Abstract: This book provides coherent theoretical and empirical analysis of firms' investment and financing decisions. It assesses the role of uncertainty, financial imperfections, corporate governance and taxation. Evidence is obtained using several unique and high quality microeconomic data-sets, which explore features seldom addressed. Overall, the empirical results confirm theoretical precedents. Some firms are indeed financially constrained, for fixed investment as well as for R&D projects. The 'free cash-flow' hypothesis holds, that is managers divert excess funds away for their own interests, but less so in closely controlled companies. In accordance with the real option theory, the results suggest that uncertainty leads firms to adopt a 'wait and see' strategy which eventually reduces investment, especially for irreversible investment. Corporate governance features are shown to affect managers, discipline and companies' restructuring plans. Finally, different tax reforms are evaluated, and an alternative tax structure that would stimulate growth is proposed. Scholars, including those with an interest in microeconomics and econometrics, and staff within central banks and national and international organisations will also find the book of interest, as will policymakers and decision-makers concerned with the role of financing, corporate governance and taxation on firm's decisions
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Foreword by guy quaden -- Introduction -- 1. Lifting the burden: Fundamental tax reform and us economic growth -- 2. Structural modelling of financial constraints on investment: Where do we stand? -- 3. Capital market imperfections and investment: Evidence from belgian panel data -- 4. Investment, r&d and liquidity constraints: A corporate governance approach to the belgian evidence -- 5. Financing and investment interdependencies in unquoted belgian companies: The role of venture capital -- 6. Financing constraints, fixed capital and r&d investment decisions of belgian firms -- 7. Real options and investment under uncertainty: What do we know? -- 8. Development path and capital structure of belgian biotechnology firms -- 9. Investment, uncertainty and irreversibility: Evidence from belgian accounting data -- 10. The impact of uncertainty on investment plans: A survey data approach -- 11. Governance as a source of managerial discipline -- 12. Capital structure, firm liquidity and growth -- Bibliography -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 17
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    Economic institutions and complexity : structures, interactions, and emergent properties (2003)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781035304806
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 186 pages) , illustrations
    Series Statement: New horizons in institutional and evolutionary economics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Schenk, Karl-Ernst, 1929 - Economic institutions and complexity
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    QC 130
    Keywords: Institutionenökonomik ; Evolutionsökonomik ; Theorie ; Institutional economics ; Evolutionary economics ; Economics Political aspects ; Economics Sociological aspects ; Wirtschaftssystem ; Institutionenökonomie ; Evolutorische Wirtschaft ; Systemtheorie ; Institutionenökonomie ; Evolutorische Wirtschaft ; Wirtschaftspolitik
    Abstract: This book presents a concept of interactive economic institutions and systems, considered by the author to be a bottleneck to scientific progress. In the author's evaluation of contemporary institutional economics, the focus is on the interaction of complex economic structures in terms of their coordination routines, emergent behavioural characteristics and also their economic performance. Differences of behaviour characteristics and economic performances are explained as consequences of differently structured coordination routines. The book demonstrates that complexity, rather than being part of the problem of institutional analysis, can be made part of the solution. Economic Institutions and Complexity will appeal to academics and researchers of New Institutional Economics, microeconomics, evolutionary economics, political science, organization sociology and behavioural science
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface -- Introduction -- Part I: Paradigms and reasoning -- 1. Paradigms: Property rights and transaction cost analysis -- 2. How to represent economic institutions and systems -- Part II: Towards complex morphology -- 3. Systems, components and links -- 4. Coordination routines: Economic policy regimes -- 5. Coordination routines: Governance -- 6. Behaviour and multi-level morphology -- Part III: Analysis of complex morphology -- 7. System patterns: Dominant governmental direction -- 8. System patterns: Dominant regulatory regimes -- 9. System patterns: Dominant commercial regimes -- 10. Conclusion: Complexity, emergence and specification -- Bibliography -- Index.
    Note: Rev. ed. of: New institutional dimensions of economics. c1988 , Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 18
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    Modern theories of money : the nature and role of money in capitalist economies (2003)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781781008416
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (lvi, 588 pages) , illustrations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Modern theories of money
    DDC: 332.4/01
    RVK:
    QC 320
    Keywords: Geldtheorie ; Postkeynesianismus ; Bargeld ; Ökonomische Ideengeschichte ; Theorie ; Money ; Capitalism ; Keynesian economics ; Money ; Capitalism ; Keynesian economics ; Geldtheorie ; Neokeynesianismus ; Keynesianismus ; Geld ; Kapitalismus ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Geldtheorie ; Neokeynesianismus ; Geldkreislauf ; Keynessche Theorie ; Kapitalismus
    Abstract: This book unites diverse heterodox traditions in the study of endogenous money - which until now have been confined to their own academic quarters - and explores their similarities and differences from both sides of the Atlantic. Bringing together perspectives from post-Keynesians, Circuitists and the Dijon School, the book continues the tradition of Keynes's and Kalecki's analysis of a monetary production economy, emphasising the similarities between the various approaches, and expanding the analytical breadth of the theory of endogenous money. The authors open new avenues for monetary research in order to fuel a renewed interest in the nature and role of money in capitalist economies, which is, the authors argue, one of the most controversial, and therefore fascinating, areas of economics. Providing new theoretical and empirical grounds for the construction of a general, policy oriented theory of money, this thought-provoking collection will appeal to academics, researchers and students interested in monetary economics. It will also be welcomed by monetary policymakers and central bank officials
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction -- Part I: The post Keynesian monetary approach -- Part II: The theory of the monetary circuit -- Part III: The theory of money emissions -- Part IV: Further contributions to monetary analysis -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes
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  • 19
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    Cooperation, networks, and institutions in regional innovation systems (2003)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781035304752
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 362 pages) , illustrations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Cooperation, networks and institutions in regional innovation systems
    DDC: 338.8/7
    RVK:
    MS 4850
    RVK:
    RB 10903
    RVK:
    QY 000
    RVK:
    RB 10651
    RVK:
    QQ 955
    Keywords: Innovation ; Regionalökonomik ; Regionales Cluster ; Unternehmensnetzwerk ; Industrieforschung ; Regionalpolitik ; Wissenstransfer ; Theorie ; Welt ; Technological innovations Economic aspects ; Regional planning ; Regional economics ; Technology and state ; Research, Industrial ; Industrial promotion ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Unternehmenskooperation ; Innovationsförderung ; Netzwerk ; Regionalwirtschaft ; Kongress ; Technische Innovation ; Regionale Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Innovation ; Kooperation
    Abstract: This book addresses the role of cooperation, networks and institutions in the context of regional innovation systems. It emphasises the importance of these factors in the emergence of local innovation systems, using detailed examples of clusters which have reached different stages of maturity. The authors address the topic from an empirical, theoretical and political perspective, and highlight the local mechanisms which are involved in the development of innovation systems. They offer a comprehensive overview of different approaches in the field and present numerous case studies which stress the influence of networks and local institutions. Significantly, they also introduce several new approaches to regional innovation systems, including contributions which explicitly discuss the design and potential of policy measures to promote regional development. The policy recommendations are based on sound theorising which, in turn, is based on extensive empirical research. This book is a valuable addition to a complex and growing literature which offers new perspectives and insights on cooperation, networks and institutions, and their role in the development of local systems of innovation. The combination of empirical, theoretical and policy-oriented approaches will ensure this book is essential reading for academics and policymakers in the fields of regional economics, innovation research and economic geography
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1. Introduction: Towards a political perspective and unifying concept -- Part I. Theoretical approaches -- 2. Local culture and regional innovation networks: Some propositions -- 3. Entrepreneurial activities in a regional context -- 4. The role of trust and power in the institutional regulation of territorial business systems -- 5. Cognitive coordination, institutions and clusters: An exploratory discussion -- 6. Problems and solutions in knowledge transfer -- 7. learning pathologies in losing areas: towards a definition of the cognitive obstacles to local development -- 8. On the unit of analysis in the study of networks -- Part ii. Case studies -- 9. Is Nanjing's concentration of it companies an innovative cluster? -- 10. TV content production in media regions: the necessities and difficulties of public policy support for a project-based industry -- 11. How many networks in a local cluster? Textile machine production and innovation in Brescia -- 12. 'Lock-in' of regional clusters: the case of offshore engineering -- Part III. Policy implications -- 13. Entrepreneurship stimulation in regional innovation systems - public promotion of university-based start-ups in Germany -- 14. Cooperation and knowledge-pooling in clusters: Designing territorial competitiveness policies -- 15. policy measures to support the emergence of localised industrial clusters -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 20
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    Knowledge, technological catch-up and economic growth (2003)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781035305087
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 172 pages) , illustrations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Rogers, Mark Knowledge, technological catch-up and economic growth
    DDC: 338/.064
    RVK:
    QC 344
    Keywords: Wissen ; Wissenstransfer ; Innovationsdiffusion ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Wachstumstheorie ; Neoklassische Theorie ; Endogenes Wachstumsmodell ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Schätzung ; Theorie ; Welt ; Diffusion of innovations ; Technological innovations ; Economic development ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Verbreitung ; Wissen ; Verbreitung ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung
    Abstract: Knowledge, Technological Catch-up and Economic Growth investigates the relationship between knowledge diffusion and economic growth. Using a broad definition of knowledge - encompassing technology, production skills, know-how and firm capabilities - the central argument of the book is that the extent of knowledge diffusion is an important determinant of economic growth. Mark Rogers uses both neoclassical and endogenous growth models to construct testable hypotheses in order to gauge whether countries that are good at acquiring and diffusing new knowledge actually do achieve faster economic growth. His empirical analysis uses new data on communications, international business links, and study abroad in order to proxy absorptive capability and to test these hypotheses. Arguing that existing research on the role of knowledge is underdeveloped, the book aims to convince mainstream economists who perceive knowledge as conceptually vague and too difficult to measure, that the role of knowledge can in fact be analysed and quantified. Making new contributions to the understanding of economic growth, this book will appeal to students, researchers, economists and policy makers with a particular interest in economic performance and the growth process, and knowledge management and technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Knowledge in neoclassical growth models -- 3. Knowledge in endogenous growth models -- 4. Modelling technological catch-up -- 5. Imitation and growth -- 6. The empirical analysis of economic growth: An overview -- 7. Technological catch-up and convergence in empirical analysis -- 8. Study abroad and economic growth -- 9. Communications and economic growth -- 10. International business links and economic growth -- 11. Conclusions -- Bibliography -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 156-170) and index
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    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 21
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    The evolutionary analysis of economic policy (2003)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781035304882
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 269 pages) , illustrations
    Series Statement: New horizons in institutional and evolutionary economics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von The evolutionary analysis of economic policy
    DDC: 338.9
    RVK:
    QD 000
    Keywords: Wirtschaftspolitik ; Evolutionsökonomik ; Theorie ; Evolutionary economics ; Economic policy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Evolutorische Wirtschaft ; Evolutorische Wirtschaft ; Wirtschaftspolitik
    Abstract: This important book analyses evolutionary approaches to economic policy. Its main purpose is to explore the policy implications of evolutionary economics, in particular of approaches inspired on the one hand by Schumpeter and revived by Nelson and Winter which deal with industrial evolution under constant institutions and, on the other hand, of approaches inspired by Hayek and North, which analyse the ways in which institutions themselves evolve. Hitherto evolutionary economists have paid little attention to policy issues, and the relatively few policy implications that they have produced are divergent. Whereas the Neo-Schumpeterian approach has often been used to support political interventions, the Hayekian viewpoint holds that economic policy detracts from economic performance. More systematic evolutionary analysis of economic policy is required if these one-sided findings are to be transcended. Furthermore, such analysis can be expected to develop a coherent theory of economic policy which will plug the gaps and rectify the errors (such as approval of socialist planning and Japanese industrial policies) of both neoclassical and alternative approaches to policy. Evolutionary economists and policy analysts will find this book of great interest, as will economists and students of economics who are interested in enlarging their views with excursions outside the standard curriculum
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface -- 1. Introduction: Evolutionary thinking on economic policy -- 2. Why economic policies need comprehensive evolutionary analysis -- 3. Evolutionary markets and the design of institutional policy -- 4. Knowledge and economic policy: A plea for political experimentalism -- 5. Democracy as an evolutionary method -- 6. Ideologies, beliefs, and economic advice - a cognitive-evolutionary view on economic policy making -- 7. Equilibrium and evolutionary foundations of competition and technology policy: New perspectives on the division of labour and the innovation process -- 8. Institutional evolution, regulatory competition and path dependence -- 9. The German neuer markt as an adaptive institution -- 10. Understanding and the mobilisation of error: Eliminating controls in evolutionary learning -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 22
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    Growth, industrial organization and economic generalities (2003)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781035304950
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (320 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Baumol, William J., 1922 - 2017 Growth, industrial organization and economic generalities
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    QC 340
    RVK:
    QD 000
    RVK:
    QR 200
    Keywords: Wirtschaftswachstum ; Industrieökonomik ; Wirtschaftswissenschaft ; Theorie ; Economic development ; Industrial organization (Economic theory) ; Economic history ; Economic development ; Industrial organization ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung
    Abstract: This compendium of essays brings together some of William Baumol's most distinguished and acclaimed papers with some that are more rare, including a discussion of the growth and innovation mechanism that accounts for the unprecedented growth performance of the market economies. Amongst many other papers of note are a discussion of appropriate regulatory principles for privatized and deregulated firms, and a survey of the accomplishments of economists in the past century and the past millennium. This collection includes the following essays: * Productivity Growth, Convergence and Welfare: What the Long-Run Data Show * On the Possibility of Continuing Expansion of Finite Resources * Social Wants and Dismal Science: The Curious Case of the Climbing Costs of Health and Teaching * Towards Microeconomics of Innovation: Growth Engine Hallmark of Market Economics * Use of Antitrust to Subvert Competition * Predation and the Logic of the Average Variable Cost Test. The papers engage with an eclectic range of issues and represent a vignette of the author's varied contributions to the economic literature
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface -- Part I: On productivity, growth, the cost disease and scale economies -- Part II: Industrial organization, regulation and privatization -- Part III: Generalities on the economic literature -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 23
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    The economic institutions of higher education : economic theories of university behavior (2003)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781781008621
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (vi, 251 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Raines, J. Patrick, 1951 - The economic institutions of higher education
    DDC: 338.4/3378
    RVK:
    QX 850
    Keywords: Hochschule ; Bildungsökonomik ; Theorie ; USA ; Education, Higher Economic aspects ; Universities and colleges Administration ; Universities and colleges Sociological aspects ; Education, Higher Economic aspects ; Universities and colleges Economic aspects ; Universites and colleges Finance ; Bildungsökonomie ; Hochschule ; Hochschulbildung ; Institutionenökonomie
    Abstract: Working within the context of the evolutionary-institutional transformation of higher education, the authors trace the development of an economic model by which the behavioral tendencies of modern universities can be evaluated. That model is expanded to provide insights to the following questions: Why do universities compete and how do they develop and implement their competitive strategies? How do universities make critical institutional decisions about operational missions, academic policies, and internal resource allocation? Do universities efficiently and effectively pursue the special social functions assigned to them? Patrick Raines and Charles Leathers present an integrated, coherent theory to explain the behavior of universities and provide a realistic economic model that predicts how universities allocate their scarce educational resources. This alternative view is contrasted with the mainstream explanations of university behavior based on the maximization of student welfare or faculty influences. The authors extend the existing literature on the operation of universities by presenting a history of the evolution of the modern entrepreneurial universities as well as an explanation of academic capitalism. This absorbing volume will appeal to anyone interested in the history of economic thought or the history of education. Scholars of Veblen, Smith, and Malthus will be fascinated by their individual and comparative theories of the purpose and failures of higher education
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1. Introduction -- 2. Historical development of universities -- 3. Adam smith on failures of English universities -- 4. John stuart mill on universities -- 5. Veblen on failures of American universities -- 6. Veblen's economic 'model' of university behavior -- 7. Riesman on veblen and modern universities -- 8. The buchanan-devletoglou economic model of universities -- 9. Recent economic models of higher education -- 10. Meeting the challenge: Explaining the emergence of 'entrepreneurial universities' and 'academic capitalism' -- Bibliography -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 231-237) and index
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  • 24
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    Knowledge, inequality, and growth in the new economy (2003)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781035304936
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (400 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Nahuis, Richard, 1971 - 2005 Knowledge, inequality and growth in the new economy
    DDC: 331.2/2
    RVK:
    QC 200
    RVK:
    QC 340
    RVK:
    QR 760
    Keywords: Lohnstruktur ; Qualifikation ; Bildungsertrag ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Produktivität ; Wissensgesellschaft ; Wissen ; Einkommensverteilung ; Theorie ; Welt ; Income distribution ; Wages Effect of education on ; Wages Effect of technological innovations on ; Technological innovations Economic aspects ; Economic development ; New Economy ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Einkommensverteilung
    Abstract: During the past two centuries, major technological breakthroughs such as the steam engine and electricity have acted as the catalysts for growth and have resulted in a marked increase in material well-being. The dominant technology today - information and communication technology (ICT) - does not seem to drive growth as effectively and has coincided with an apparent increase in wage inequality. This book provides explanations of these two characteristics of modern economies and analyses them from both an individual and integrated perspective. Richard Nahuis explores and combines the seemingly separate phenomena of wage inequality between high-skilled and low-skilled workers, and the relatively low productivity growth experienced by most countries. The author provides a number of alternative theories for the increase in wage inequality as a result of new technologies, combined with an extensive review of the associated literature. He goes on to detail the technological revolution, describe why this does not necessarily result in high productivity growth and outline the best methods to measure productivity in the new economy. This exhaustive exploration of productivity growth and wage inequality between high-skilled and low-skilled workers in the knowledge economy will be welcomed by economists and policymakers interested in the complex relationships between labour markets, innovation and technical change
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Part I: Introduction -- 1. Knowledge and economic growth: General Introduction and outline -- 2. On technology, trade and wage inequality: A survey -- Part II: Theory -- 3. A gpt in a research and assimilation model: Exploring wage dynamics (i) -- 4. We don't see what we learn: The solow residual, a gpt and inequality -- 5. Vested interests and resistance: Adopting a general purpose technology -- 6. The skill premium and appropriability: Exploring wage dynamics (ii) -- 7. Specific technology, variety, spillovers and welfare -- Part III: Empirical applications -- 8. Economic development and trade in the world economy: Introducing worldscan -- 9. Openness, growth and r&d spillovers: An r&d-amended version of worldscan -- References -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 25
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    Globalisation, regionalism, and economic activity (2003)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781035304844
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 285 pages) , illustrations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Globalisation, regionalism and economic activity
    DDC: 337
    RVK:
    QM 000
    Keywords: World Trade Organization Congresses ; Globalisierung ; Regionale Wirtschaftsintegration ; Theorie ; Welt ; Foreign exchange Congresses ; Regionalism Congresses ; Globalization Congresses ; Bibliografie ; Konferenzschrift 2002 ; Welthandel ; Regionalisierung ; Globalisierung ; Welthandel ; Globalisierung ; Regionalisierung
    Abstract: The processes of globalisation and increased economic regionalism have had profound, often destabilising, effects on modern economic and financial systems. In recognition of this fact, the editors of this fine book have collected together a diverse range of heterodox ideas surrounding the complex relationships and interactions between globalisation, regionalism and economic activity. The book promotes real-world economic issues and explores them without adopting any particular methodological, ideological or theoretical agenda. A number of influential economists explore the inter-relationships between globalisation, regionalism, finance, economic growth and development from a global perspective. Amongst other topics, the book includes comprehensive discussions on fixed versus flexible exchange rates; international liquidity; the WTO dispute settlement system; the eastward expansion of the European Union; crowding-out in export led growth; demand and supply in the New Economy; the national origin of financial liberalisation in the US; and the relationship between savings and investment. The range and depth of analysis makes this book a timely and useful contribution to current policy debates. Academics, students and scholars with an interest in globalisation, international economics and macroeconomics will do well to read this eclectic and stimulating volume
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction -- 1. Capital account liberalisation, free long-term capital flows, financial crises and economic development -- 2. Fixed vs. flexible exchange rates, economic growth and international liquidity -- 3. Globalization, distributional conflict and inflation: The case of the us economy during the 1990s -- 4. How well is the WTO dispute settlement system working? -- 5. A fully coherent post Keynesian model of the euro zone -- 6. Finance-industry relationships in Europe and the prospects for growth and convergence -- 7. Eastward expansion of the European Union - nominal and real convergence examined -- 8. Export-led growth: Evidence of developing country crowding out -- 9. Demand and supply in the new economy -- 10. The national origin of financial liberalization: The case of the United States -- 11. Saving is the accounting record of investment -- 12. Globalization, regionalism and state capacity in developing countries: A note -- Index.
    Note: "The chapters in this book were presented as papers at the conference on 'Globalisation, Regionalism and Economic Activity' which was held in Downing College, Cambridge, in April 2002"--P. 1 , Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 26
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    "Großmutter webt, sie will ein Kleid aus Ramie weben..." : eine Darstellung der Textiltradition der austronesischen Atayal in Taiwan unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Textilbestände in deutschen Museen; 3: Textbegleitende Illustrationen (2003)
    Show associated volumes/articles
    In:  3
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: [22] Bl. , überw. Ill., Kt.
    Angaben zur Quelle: 3
    Dissertation note: Berlin, Freie Univ., Diss., 2003
    Keywords: Austronesier ; Textilien ; Atayal ; Museum ; Textilherstellung ; Textilkunst ; Deutschland ; Taiwan ; Hochschulschrift ; Atayal ; Textilherstellung ; Deutschland ; Museum ; Textilien ; Taiwan ; Austronesier ; Textilkunst
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  • 27
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    Julius Seyler : ein Münchner Impressionist (2003)
    Kitzbühel : Sammlung Sigrid Reisch | Kitzbühel : Druckerei Gamper KG
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 191 S. , überw. Ill.
    RVK:
    LK 53000
    RVK:
    LK 83394
    Keywords: Seyler, Julius ; Kunstwerk ; Einzelausstellung ; Kitzbühel / Sammlung Reisch ; Seyler, Julius ; Ausstellung / München 〈2003〉 ; Biografie ; Ausstellungskatalog Galerie der Bayerischen Landesbank 15.01.2003-09.03.2003 ; Bildband ; Seyler, Julius 1873-1955 ; Seyler, Julius 1873-1955 ; Kunstwerk
    Note: Ausst.: Bayerische Landesbank 〈München〉 / Galerie : 15.1.2003-9.3.2003 (ermittelt)
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  • 28
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    Faces of hope : children of a changing world (2003)
    Novato, Calif. : New World Library
    Details
    ISBN: 1577312236
    Language: English
    Pages: IX,165 S. , überw. Ill.
    Edition: 1. printing
    DDC: 305.23/022/2
    RVK:
    AP 95820
    Keywords: Kind ; Children Cross-cultural studies ; Pictorial works ; Children Pictorial works Social conditions ; Children Pictorial works Social conditions ; Children Pictorial works Social conditions ; Kind ; Fotografie ; Afrika ; Asien ; Lateinamerika ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Kind ; Fotografie
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    Bayreuth UB
  • 29
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    Between midnight and day : the last unpublished blues archive (2003)
    New York : Thunder's Mouth Press
    Details
    ISBN: 1560255471
    Language: English
    Pages: 174 S. , überw. Ill.
    DDC: 781.643/09
    RVK:
    LS 48500
    Keywords: Waterman, Dick ; Geschichte 1964-1995 ; Blues (Music) History and criticism ; Blues musicians ; Bluesmusiker ; Porträtfotografie ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Waterman, Dick 1935- ; Porträtfotografie ; Bluesmusiker ; Geschichte 1964-1995
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  • 30
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    Die Universität Bielefeld : eine Geschichte in Bildern (2003)
    Erfurt : Sutton
    Details
    ISBN: 3897026287
    Language: German
    Pages: 127 S. , überw. Ill.
    Edition: 1. Aufl.
    Series Statement: Die Reihe Campusbilder
    DDC: 370
    RVK:
    AL 51002
    Keywords: Universität Bielefeld Pictorial works ; Universität Bielefeld History ; Universität Bielefeld ; Geschichte ; Geschichte ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Universität Bielefeld ; Geschichte
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    München BSB
    KOBV
    BVB
  • 31
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    Gaia pour une tribu qui s'éteint (2003)
    [Paris] : Éd. Hors Collection
    Details
    ISBN: 2258062438
    Language: French
    Pages: [173] Bl. , überw. Ill.
    Uniform Title: Gaia II, song of the vanishing tribe
    DDC: 305.800 222
    RVK:
    AP 94100
    Keywords: Autochtones - Photographies ; Tribus - Photographies ; Aborigines ; Indigenes Volk ; Papua-Neuguinea ; Subsaharisches Afrika ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Subsaharisches Afrika ; Indigenes Volk ; Aborigines ; Papua-Neuguinea ; Indigenes Volk
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    Bayreuth UB
  • 32
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    Ghetto (2003)
    London : Trolley
    Details
    ISBN: 1904563007
    Language: English
    Pages: 513 S. , überw. Ill.
    DDC: 307.3366
    RVK:
    AP 95500
    Keywords: Bildband ; Fotografie
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Table of contents
    URL: Table of contents
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  • 33
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    Afrika - Stoffe und Farben eines Kontinents (2003)
    München ; Berlin ; London ; New York : Prestel
    Details
    ISBN: 3791330063
    Language: German
    Pages: 239 Seiten , 32 cm
    Uniform Title: African textiles - colour creativity across a continent
    DDC: 740
    RVK:
    LB 94465
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Geschichte ; Weben ; Stoff ; Textilkunst ; Afrika ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Afrika ; Textilkunst ; Geschichte ; Afrika ; Stoff ; Geschichte ; Afrika ; Stoff ; Weben
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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    Weltkulturen Museum
    BSZ
    GBV
    KOBV
    BVB
    GRASSI Mus. Leipzig
    MFK München
  • 34
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    Jazz émotions : coulisses de stars (2003)
    [Avignon] : Instantané Ed.
    Details
    ISBN: 2914720033
    Language: French
    Pages: 128 S. , überw. Ill.
    DDC: 781.650 222
    RVK:
    LS 48100
    Keywords: Festivals de jazz - 1990-... - Photographies ; Musiciens de jazz - 1990-... - Photographies ; Jazzmusiker ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Jazzmusiker
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  • 35
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    Le Congo et l'art belge : 1880-1960 (2003)
    Tournai : Renaissance du Livre
    Details
    ISBN: 2804608239
    Language: French
    Pages: 280 S. , zahlr. Ill.
    Series Statement: Collection Références
    DDC: 709.493
    RVK:
    LO 10270
    RVK:
    LB 26175
    RVK:
    LB 57534
    Keywords: Geschichte 1900-2000 ; Geschichte 1800-1900 ; Geschichte 1880-1960 ; 19e siècle ; 20e siècle ; Art belge - 19e siècle - Expositions ; Art belge - 20e siècle - Expositions ; Art belge ; Congo (République démocratique) dans l'art - Expositions ; Thème artistique ; Art, Belgian 19th century ; Art, Belgian 20th century ; Art, Colonial ; Rezeption ; Kunst ; Kunstwerk ; Demokratische Republik Kongo ; Congo ; Congo (Democratic Republic) In art ; Belgien ; Demokratische Republik Kongo ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Belgien ; Kunst ; Demokratische Republik Kongo ; Geschichte 1880-1960 ; Demokratische Republik Kongo ; Rezeption ; Belgien ; Kunstwerk ; Geschichte 1880-1960
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  • 36
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    Destination : Chicago jazz (2003)
    Stroud : Tempus Publ. | Charleston, SC [u.a.] : Arcadia
    Details
    ISBN: 0738523054
    Language: English
    Pages: 168 S. , überw. Ill.
    Edition: Reprinted
    RVK:
    LS 48100
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Jazz ; Chicago, Ill. ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Chicago, Ill. ; Jazz ; Geschichte
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 37
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    Kubamusika : images de la musique populaire cubaine (2003)
    Anglet : Atlantica
    Details
    ISBN: 2843946204
    Language: French
    Pages: 247 S. , überw. Ill.
    DDC: 780
    RVK:
    LS 48700
    Keywords: Geschichte 1900-2000 ; Histoire ; Musique cubaine ; Musique populaire ; Geschichte ; Musicians Portraits ; Musicians Biography 20th century ; Photography, Artistic ; Popular music Pictorial works ; Popular music History ; Singers Biography 20th century ; Musiker ; Kuba ; Bildband ; Biografie ; Bildband ; Biografie ; Kuba ; Musiker
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  • 38
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    Les arts du feu au Rwanda : poterie et fer forgé (2003)
    Saint-Maur-des Fossés : Éd. Sépia
    Details
    ISBN: 2842800761
    Language: French , Kinyarwanda
    Pages: 32 S. , überw. Ill.
    DDC: 738.3/0967/571
    Keywords: Ironwork ; Pottery ; Schmiedekunst ; Töpferei ; Ruanda ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Ruanda ; Töpferei ; Ruanda ; Schmiedekunst
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  • 39
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    Costumes et parures du Maroc (2003)
    Courbevoie : ACR Éd.
    Details
    ISBN: 2867701619
    Language: French
    Pages: 332 S , überw. Ill.
    DDC: 391.00964
    Keywords: Clothing and dress Morocco ; Dress accessories Morocco ; Jewelry Morocco ; Moroccan Clothing and Jewels ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Marokko ; Kleidung ; Schmuck ; Mode ; Accessoire
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  • 40
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    Bassari : Guinée et Sénégal 1927 - 2002 (2003)
    Saint-Maur-des-Fosses : Ed. Sépia
    Details
    ISBN: 2842800710
    Language: French
    Pages: 77 S. , überw. Ill., Kt.
    DDC: 305.8/96/63
    RVK:
    LB 24526
    Keywords: Geschichte 1927-2002 ; Alltag, Brauchtum ; Bassari (Senegalese and Guinean people) Social life and customs ; Initiation rites ; Initiation rites ; Brauch ; Basari ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Basari ; Brauch ; Geschichte 1927-2002
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  • 41
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    Costumes d'Algérie (2003)
    Paris : Layeur
    Details
    ISBN: 291146897X
    Language: French
    Pages: 143 S. , überw. Ill.
    DDC: 391/.00965
    RVK:
    LC 12480
    Keywords: Clothing and dress ; Islamic clothing and dress ; Women's clothing ; Frauenkleidung ; Algerien ; Algerien ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Algerien ; Frauenkleidung
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  • 42
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    L' art du thé au Maroc : traditions, rituels, symboles (2003)
    Courbevoie (Paris) : ACR Éd.
    Details
    ISBN: 2867701635
    Language: French
    Pages: 312 S. , überw. Ill.
    DDC: 394.15
    Keywords: Cérémonie du thé - Maroc ; Alltag, Brauchtum ; Gesellschaft ; Tea making paraphernalia ; Tea Social aspects ; Teezeremonie ; Maroc - Mœurs et coutumes ; Morocco Social life and customs ; Marokko ; Bildband ; Bildband ; Marokko ; Teezeremonie
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  • 43
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    Chokwe and their Bantu neighbours : [this catalogue has been published on the occasion of the Exhibition Chokwe and Their Bantu Neighbours, presented at the Museum Haus der Völker, Schwaz, Austria (May 2 - August 24, 2003) and at Galerie Walu, Zürich, Switzerland (September 5 - November 1, 2003)] (2003)
    Zürich : Galerie Walu
    Details
    ISBN: 3952249513
    Language: German , English , French
    Pages: 131 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten , 28 cm
    DDC: 730
    RVK:
    LC 93530
    RVK:
    LH 49910
    Keywords: Ausstellungskatalog 2003 ; Bildband ; Ausstellungskatalog Haus der Völker 02.05.-24.08.2003 ; Ausstellungskatalog Haus der Völker 02.05.-24.08.2003 ; Tschokwe ; Bantu ; Holzplastik ; Tschokwe ; Bantu ; Holzplastik
    Note: Text in Deutsch, Englisch und Französisch
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    Regensburg UB
    BSZ
    GBV
    BVB
    Bayreuth UB
    GRASSI Mus. Leipzig
    MFK München
  • 44
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    The Mlungu in Africa : art from the colonial period, 1840 - 1940 (2003)
    Claremon : Michael Stevenson Contemporary [u.a.]
    Details
    ISBN: 0620304626
    Language: English
    Pages: 111 S. , überw. Ill.
    Edition: 1. publ.
    DDC: 709.6
    RVK:
    LO 91700
    Keywords: Geschichte 1840-1949 ; aSculpture, African ; y19th century ; xThemes, motives ; aSculpture, African ; y20th century ; xThemes, motives ; aFigure sculpture, African ; y19th century ; aFigure sculpture, African ; y20th century ; aEuropeans in African art ; Weiße ; Plastik ; aAfrica ; xColonial influence ; Subsaharisches Afrika ; Bildband ; Subsaharisches Afrika ; Plastik ; Weiße ; Geschichte 1840-1949
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 110-111)
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  • 45
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    Voodoo : mounted by the Gods (2003)
    Munich [u.a.] : Prestel
    Details
    ISBN: 3791329839
    Language: English , German , French
    Pages: 223 S. , überw. Ill.
    DDC: 299.6/75/096683
    RVK:
    LC 40529
    Keywords: Venzago, Alberto ; Photography, Artistic ; Voodooism Pictorial works ; Wodu ; Fotografie ; Afrika ; Benin ; Bildband ; Venzago, Alberto 1950- ; Fotografie ; Wodu ; Benin
    Note: Text engl., dt. und franz. Überstzung
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    München UB
    Bayreuth UB
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  • 46
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    Tree of forgetfulness : = Boom der vergetelheid = L' arbre de l'oubli (2003)
    Amsterdam : KIT
    Details
    ISBN: 9068325361
    Language: English , Dutch , French , Creoles and Pidgins, English-based (Other)
    Pages: [63] Bl. , überw. Ill. , 30 cm
    RVK:
    NW 8295
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Esclavage - Dans l'art ; Photographie - Afrique noire ; aSlave trade ; zBenin ; xHistory ; aSlave trade ; zSuriname ; xHistory ; Sklavenhandel ; aSuriname ; vPictorial works ; aBenin ; vPictorial works ; Surinam ; Benin ; Bildband ; Benin ; Sklavenhandel ; Geschichte ; Surinam ; Sklavenhandel ; Geschichte ; Benin ; Surinam
    Note: Photographs of the landscape and people of Benin and Suriname, portraying sites of the West African slave trade and the descendents of those Africans involved in it as traders or victims, especially the fugitive slaves of Suriname known as Maroons. , Text in English, Dutch, French and Sranan
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  • 47
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    "Großmutter webt, sie will ein Kleid aus Ramie weben..." : eine Darstellung der Textiltradition der austronesischen Atayal in Taiwan unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Textilbestände in deutschen Museen; 2 (2003)
    Show associated volumes/articles
    In:  2
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 219 Bl. , zahlr. Ill.
    Angaben zur Quelle: 2
    Dissertation note: Berlin, Freie Univ., Diss., 2003
    Keywords: Textilien ; Museum ; Austronesier ; Textilherstellung ; Atayal ; Textilkunst ; Deutschland ; Taiwan ; Hochschulschrift ; Atayal ; Textilherstellung ; Deutschland ; Museum ; Textilien ; Taiwan ; Austronesier ; Textilkunst
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Les marchés publics : Rapport de synthèse (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 2, no. 3, p. 169-219
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 53 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Government procurement: A synthesis report
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2, no. 3, p. 169-219
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Les administrations sont de gros acheteurs de biens et de services et constituent d’énormes débouchés pour le commerce international. Mesurer de façon cohérente la taille des marchés publics dans un grand nombre de pays est une tâche ardue qui oblige à veiller attentivement à ce que, dans tous les pays couverts, les données nationales soient réunies selon des procédures harmonisées. Évaluer la taille des marchés publics devient encore plus complexe lorsque l’on tente de faire une distinction entre les administrations aux niveaux central et local, entre les catégories de dépenses (consommation ou investissements) et que l’on veut mesurer la part des marchés publics qui est théoriquement ouverte à la concurrence internationale (qui peut donner lieu à des échanges internationaux). Ce dernier indicateur est destiné à préciser les achats qui peuvent donner lieu à des échanges internationaux et exclut deux catégories d’achats publics supposés ne pas pouvoir le faire, à savoir la rémunération des fonctionnaires et les dépenses imputées à la défense nationale...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v2-art18-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 49
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    Can Public Sector Organisations Learn? (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 3, no. 3, p. 87-103
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les organisations du secteur public peuvent-elles apprendre ?
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 3, p. 87-103
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: In recent years, considerable attention has been focused on the importance of managing information in organisations, as well as the challenges for organisations to make use of and adapt from it. Organisationsare expected to value information, to be able to learn from the past and to adapt to changing circumstances. While much of the literature has focused on private sector organisations, public sector organisations and indeed thegovernments within which they operate are undergoing significant reforms and face equal challenges. This paper considers organisational learning in the public sector in light of current public sector reform initiatives, many of which have implicitly been based on the assumption that the public sector can indeed use empirical evidence on past experience to inform current decision-making. In doing so, the paper tries to avoid treating organisational learning anthromorphically, focusing instead on the processes and procedures that form the life blood of organisations. Learning in organisations relates to how the organisation deliberately changes and adapts over time in terms of structures, functions, values, attitudes and behaviour. Organisational learning, as we shall use the term, refers to formal structures of information and whether or not they are used. Our interest is in how organisations can bring together information on past performance and have it influence decisions. Building on organisational learning literature, we will argue that while individual learning is important, it is not enough. There is a need to institutionalise learning processes within a public sector organisation...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art17-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Opportunité, stratégie et tactique pour la réforme de la gestion publique (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 2, no. 3, p. 7-39
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 35 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Opportunity, strategy and tactics in reforming public management
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2, no. 3, p. 7-39
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Pour réussir, une réforme de la gestion publique doit combiner opportunités, stratégies et tactiques. L’opportunité, ce sont les contextes nationaux spécifiques qui facilitent certaines réformes et en freinent d’autres. La stratégie, ce sont les mesures et actions qui fixent un objectif aux pouvoirs publics, qui précisent des tâches à entreprendre pour obtenir les changements souhaités ; la tactique, c’est la méthode utilisée pour mobiliser les soutiens et surmonter les obstacles...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v2-art14-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 51
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    The Case for e-government : Excerpts from the OECD Report "the e-government Imperative" (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 3, no. 1, p. 61-96
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 40 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Arguments en faveur de l'Administration électronique : Extraits du rapport de l'OCDE L'Administration électronique : un impératif
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 1, p. 61-96
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: The OECD E-Government Project takes as its basic premise that egovernment provides the capacity to reform the way public administrations operate and can result in more customer-focused, responsive government. This requires overcoming major challenges. The forthcoming OECD report “The E-Government Imperative” examines the potential and impact of egovernment and the changes required to maximise its benefits. This article is based on the forthcoming publication, and examines the case for egovernment as well as the budgetary barriers that must be overcome in order to successfully implement e-government...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art5-en
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  • 52
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    The Role of Evaluations in Political and Administrative Learning and the Role of Learning in Evaluation Praxis (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 3, no. 3, p. 67-85
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 23 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le rôle de l'évaluation dans l'apprentissage politique et administratif et le rôle des enseignements tirés dans la pratique de l'évaluation
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 3, p. 67-85
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: The writing of this paper, is in reference to my contribution in Can Governments Learn?, one of the books published by the International Evaluation Research Group. My immediate and first reaction was that it is of course always very nice to be asked to contribute for a distinguished audience. My second reaction was to ask myself when my essay in Can Governments Learn? was really written and what questions it dealt with; and perhaps even more, what was the answer to the question which constitutes the title of the book. The need to ask the latter questions had of course something to do with the answer to the first question, namely that the essay was written about 10 years ago. It was therefore obvious that the discussion in this book in a more technical sense had to be updated, but also had to take into account both some new empirical material and the discussion within a couple of intellectual fields. The title of this current paper implies several questions: to what degree politicians and administrators learn from evaluations, and also to what degree learning takes place among the evaluators themselves. These questions create a sort of strategic problem. Am I going to give the answer at the beginning of my paper or perhaps later? But perhaps I will compromise: I will start with a short version of the answer now, but elaborate on the answer later...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art16-en
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  • 53
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    Capacity Building for Effective Competition Policy in Developing and Transitioning Economies (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 7-23
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 19 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Renforcement des capacités pour une politique efficace de la concurrence dans les économies en développement et en transition
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 7-23
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This note begins by briefly addressing why competition policy is important for developing and transitioning economies. It then discusses some of the critical components of building a competition culture. Ideally, this process should begin by conducting a "needs assessment" in a number of areas. This assessment likely will lead to the identification of a list of steps that should be prioritised and undertaken. The priorities often can be grouped into three broad areas, namely, helping key constituencies to "buy in" to a competition culture, minimizing the extent to which a broad range of institutional mechanisms distort competition, and building an effective competition law enforcement regime to address private anticompetitive conduct. The note then summarizes the valuable perspectives of countries that have been providers or recipients of capacity building and technical assistance. It is based upon the responses to a questionnaire circulated in 2001 to delegates of the OECD’s Competition Committee and non-members who had been invited to participate in the second Global Forum on Competition, held in February 2002. This discussion is followed by a brief discussion of the potentially helpful roles that cooperation and peer review can play in the process of building the institutional capacity of a domestic enforcement authority. After briefly discussing the Doha Declaration, the note summarises the OECD’s capacity building activities in the competition field. Finally, in the conclusion, some suggestions are offered regarding a multi-faceted strategy for future capacity building and technical assistance activities.
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v4-art13-en
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  • 54
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    Renforcement des capacités pour une politique efficace de la concurrence dans les économies en développement et en transition (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 7-25
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3452
    Language: French
    Pages: 21 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Capacity Building for Effective Competition Policy in Developing and Transitioning Economies
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 7-25
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: La présente note commence par indiquer brièvement en quoi une politique de la concurrence est importante pour les économies en développement et en transition. Elle aborde ensuite certains éléments essentiels de l’établissement d’une culture de la concurrence. Idéalement, ce processus devrait tout d’abord consister en une « évaluation des besoins » dans différents domaines, qui permettra probablement de dresser une liste de mesures à hiérarchiser et à prendre. Les priorités peuvent souvent être regroupées en trois grandes catégories d’actions : mobiliser les principaux acteurs en les sensibilisant à la concurrence ; minimiser l’ampleur des distorsions de la concurrence induites par un large éventail de mécanismes institutionnels ; et élaborer un dispositif efficace de mise en œuvre de la législation de la concurrence, capable de faire face aux pratiques anticoncurrentielles du secteur privé. La note s’attache ensuite à résumer les éclairages intéressants de pays qui ont été fournisseurs ou bénéficiaires d’un renforcement des capacités et d’une assistance technique. Cette synthèse est issue des réponses fournies à un questionnaire transmis en 2001 aux délégués du Comité de la concurrence de l’OCDE et aux non-membres qui avaient été invités à participer au deuxième Forum mondial sur la concurrence de février 2002. Elle est suivie d’un bref exposé du rôle très utile que peuvent jouer la coopération et l’examen par les pairs dans le processus d’institutionnalisation d’un organisme national de mise en œuvre. Après de rapides commentaires sur la Déclaration de Doha, la note résume les actions de renforcement des capacités entreprises par l’OCDE dans le domaine de la concurrence. Enfin, elle suggère en conclusion les éléments d’une stratégie diversifiée en matière d’actions futures de renforcement des capacités et d’assistance technique.
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v4-art13-fr
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  • 55
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    Public Sector Modernisation : A New Agenda (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 3, no. 1, p. 7-23
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Modernisation du secteur public : Un nouveau programme
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 1, p. 7-23
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This paper argues that if governments are to adapt successfully to the changing needs of their society, they require better analytical and empirical tools, and more sophisticated strategies for change than OECD member countries have generally had to date....
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art2-en
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  • 56
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    Budgeting in Finland (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 2, no. 2, p. 119-152
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 36 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La procédure budgétaire en Finlande
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2, no. 2, p. 119-152
    Keywords: Governance ; Finland
    Abstract: The budget is the most fundamental and important document of governments. It is the key economic document in that it allocates a significant share of a nation’s gross domestic product, over half in some OECD member countries. It is the key program policy document in that governments establish their policy priorities in concrete terms in the budget through the allocation of funding. It is the key management document in that the basic operational aspects of government ministries and agencies are established in the context of the budget. Furthermore, the budget provides the basic architecture for overall decision-making and accountability in government. This architectural design has a significant impact on overall government performance.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v2-art12-en
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  • 57
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    Development Co-operation Review of The United States (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 3, no. 4, p. 15-129
    Details
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Language: English
    Pages: 127 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 4, p. 15-129
    Keywords: Development ; United States
    Abstract: The United States has a substantial impact on promoting economic growth and reducing poverty in developing countries due to the large size of its economy, its ability to influence world opinion and action and its weight within the international donor community. In 2001 the United States was the largest donor in the OECD’s Development Assistance Committee (DAC) in volume terms, reporting net official development assistance (ODA) of USD 10.9 billion, more than one-fifth of the DAC total. This represented 0.11% of its gross national income (GNI), the lowest ODA/GNI ratio in the DAC and below the DAC average country effort of 0.40%. President Bush recently announced a bold new proposal, the “Millennium Challenge Account” (MCA) for an additional USD 5 billion annually by 2006. If approved by Congress, the MCA will consolidate the American position as the largest donor, and slightly improve the country’s ODA/GNI performance. The American “checks and balances” system of government has some important ramifications for United States development co-operation. This approach implicates a wide range of stakeholders in budget decision-making, especially through the Congress. Flexible approaches to compromise are standard features of the American system, especially for issues of a short-term nature that respond to national or special interests. Addressing long-term issues related to development co-operation can prove more difficult because they lack urgency or a sufficiently strong and influential domestic constituency. Several of the issues raised in the 1998 DAC Peer Review are being addressed by the current Administration. However, some important development issues, including those relating to Congress, to the basic structure of American aid administration, or to the promotion of policy coherence for development, have proven more resistant to change and are noted again in this review...
    DOI: 10.1787/journal_dev-v3-art25-en
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  • 58
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    The Objectives of Competition Law and Policy and the Optimal Design of a Competition Agency (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 5, no. 1, p. 7-45
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 40 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les objectifs du droit et de la politique de la concurrence et la conception optimale d'une autorité de la concurrence
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 1, p. 7-45
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This article comprises two notes by the Secretariat, one on the Objectives of Competition Law and Policy and the other one on the Optimal Design of a Competition Agency. Both notes were prepared to provide a framework for discussion at the meeting of the Global Forum on Competition (GFC) held on 10-11 February 2003. It was decided to link these topics together in the GFC's agenda after it was recognised that the objectives of competition law and policy can have an important bearing on the optimal design of a competition institution. However, it was agreed that the treatment of objectives should be oriented primarily towards a discussion of how they relate, or may relate, to the design of competition enforcement institutions within the broader government. Accordingly, the note on objectives does not fully explore the pros and cons of specific objectives that may be included in the competition law and policy objectives of one or more jurisdictions, although this topic is discussed to a degree. The principal focus of the two notes is to provide an analysis and synthesis of the responses to two questionnaires that were sent in advance to GFC meeting participants in respect of the respective topics. In addition, the objectives note incorporates some of the additional information provided by participants in their separate written contributions prepared for circulation at the GFC meeting. The most important themes emerging from the questionnaires and written contributions on Objectives were i) among OECD countries, there appears to be a shift away from use of competition laws to promote what might be characterised as broad public interest objectives; ii) there does not appear to be a strong correlation between competition law and policy objectives (broadly defined) and the design of the competition agency; iii) greater independence also was the step/measure most frequently identified as being likely to lead to better promotion/attainment of the articulated objectives. Turning to the note on Optimal Design, the key themes emerging from the responses to the questionnaire were i) there is a broad variety of different models and approaches to the design of competition agencies within the overall apparatus of government (broadly defined); ii) despite the institutional variety, there is a core of common tasks assigned to most competition agencies. Specifically, these agencies normally investigate, take at least certain kinds of decisions on competition cases and engage in competition advocacy; iii) around half the respondents reported having medium influence on their governments, legislative bodies, and other bodies of public administration through advocacy initiatives.
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v5-art2-en
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  • 59
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    La procédure budgétaire en Finlande (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 2, no. 2, p. 135-173
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 41 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Budgeting in Finland
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2, no. 2, p. 135-173
    Keywords: Governance ; Finland
    Abstract: Le budget est le plus fondamental et le plus important de tous les documents du gouvernement. Sur le plan économique, c’est le document primordial dans la mesure où il répartit une part appréciable (plus de la moitié dans certains pays membres) du Produit intérieur brut d’une nation. C’est également le document programmatique majeur car c’est dans le budget que les gouvernements fixent concrètement leurs priorités par le biais de la répartition des masses financières. Il constitue le document primordial du point de vue de la gestion puisque c’est dans le contexte du budget que les aspects opérationnels essentiels des ministères et des agences sont déterminés. Le budget représente en outre l’architecture de base des décisions et des prises de responsabilité au sein du gouvernement. Le dessein de cette archi tecture a une incidence signif icative sur la performance gouvernementale dans son ensemble...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v2-art12-fr
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  • 60
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    Examen des réformes sectorielles en Irlande (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence Vol. 4, no. 2, p. 7-75
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3452
    Language: French
    Pages: 71 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Review of Sectoral Reforms in Ireland
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 2, p. 7-75
    Keywords: Governance ; Ireland
    Abstract: En Irlande, les réformes sectorielles ont joué un rôle important dans le passage à une croissance fondée sur le marché, mais, à ce jour, les progrès sont restés très variables d’un secteur à l’autre. D’après les travaux menés par l’OCDE et d’autres organisations, toute une série de questions fondamentales en matière de réglementation et de concurrence restent en suspens dans de nombreux secteurs. Le présent rapport examine quelques aspects des secteurs de l’électricité, du gaz et des services professionnels, les services juridiques et la pharmacie faisant l’objet d’études de cas.
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v4-art5-fr
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  • 61
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    Les objectifs du droit et de la politique de la concurrence et la conception optimale d'une autorité de la concurrence (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence Vol. 5, no. 1, p. 7-51
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3452
    Language: French
    Pages: 47 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Objectives of Competition Law and Policy and the Optimal Design of a Competition Agency
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 1, p. 7-51
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Cet article comporte deux notes du Secrétariat, l'une sur les objectifs du droit et de la politique de la concurrence et l'autre sur une conception optimale d'une autorité de la concurrence. Ces notes ont été rédigées pour servir de cadre de discussion lors de la réunion du Forum global sur la concurrence qui s'est tenue les 10 et 11 février 2003. Il a été décidé de lier ces questions dans l'ordre du jour du Forum après qu'il eut été admis que les objectifs du droit et de la politique de la concurrence pouvaient avoir une incidence sur une conception optimale d'une autorité de la concurrence. Il a cependant été convenu que le traitement des objectifs devrait en premier lieu viser une discussion sur la façon dont ils ont trait ou peuvent avoir trait à la conception d'institutions chargées de la mise en œuvre de la concurrence dans le cadre plus large d'un gouvernement. Dans ces conditions, la note sur les objectifs ne fait pas le tour complet du pour et du contre s'agissant d'objectifs spécifiques qui pourraient être inclus dans les objectifs d'une ou de plusieurs juridictions quoique cette question soit discutée dans une certaine mesure. Ces deux notes fournissent avant tout une analyse et une synthèse des réponses à deux questionnaires portant sur ces sujets, qui avaient été diffusés avant la réunion aux participants au Forum global sur la concurrence. En outre, la note sur les objectifs comporte quelques informations supplémentaires communiquées par les participants dans leurs contributions écrites distribuées à la réunion du GFC.
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v5-art2-fr
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  • 62
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    L'administration apprenante (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 3, no. 2, p. 63-78
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 18 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Learning Government
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 2, p. 63-78
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: La question qui se pose est « comment les autorités publiques cernentelles les changements dans leur environnement qui influent sur les résultats de leurs politiques et de leurs actions, et comment développent-elles leur capacité de procéder en temps voulu aux ajustements qu’il leur faut apporter à leur action et aux services publics ? » Réponse rapide : « très difficilement, même si les autorités compétentes le font parfois sur certains points. » La capacité d’adaptation dynamique des autorités publiques touche, d’une façon ou d’une autre, pratiquement tous les aspects importants de l’appareil politique et administratif. Elle dépend de l’articulation de la rationalité de l’analyse de l’action publique et de la gestion publique avec la rationalité de la vie politique. Elle consiste à créer un environnement où l’exercice des pouvoirs est bien organisé et où les affaires sont bien gérées. Elle suppose l’accord des différentes conceptions de l’intérêt général ou simplement la conciliation des intérêts particuliers. Elle suppose que se nouent des liens efficaces entre les clients des autorités publiques, d’une part, et les institutions et politiques publiques, d’autre part. En dernière analyse, il s’agit de l’efficacité de la démocratie et, dans un pays donné, du choix des gouvernements successifs des modalités d’exercice de leurs pouvoirs constitutionnels et de l’efficacité générale de ce choix au service des intérêts des citoyens en régime démocratique...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art9-fr
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  • 63
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    Competition Issues in Road Transport (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 35-133
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 101 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Concurrence dans le transport routier
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 35-133
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: The road transport sector, an essential mode of transport in OECD economies, is conventionally divided into two, largely unrelated, parts – the road freight industry and the road passenger industry. The sectors under discussion – trucking, buses, and taxis – have quite different characteristics and scope for competition, which reflect inter alia differences in the timeliness and economies of scale and scope in operations. Trucking can sustain high level of competition and to some extent buses as well while there is some debate as to how and what form of competition can be introduced in taxis. As in the air transport industry, international trucking is governed by restrictive bilateral treaties. Most countries have liberalised their domestic trucking sector, removing controls on entry and prices. In the bus industry, long-distance bus services are liberalised in some countries while intra-city or local buses are very rarely liberalised. The taxi industry appears at first sight to be competitive with many buyers and many sellers.
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v4-art15-en
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  • 64
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    Review of Competition Law and Policy in Poland (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 5, no. 2, p. 83-132
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 52 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examen du droit et de la politique de la concurrence en Pologne
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 2, p. 83-132
    Keywords: Governance ; Poland
    Abstract: Poland’s 1990 competition law, which supported its transition restructuring, now substantively follows the rules of the EU treaty. But enforcement still focuses on abuses by successors to pre-reform monopolies. Competition enforcement agency by the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection (OCCP) is combined with consumer protection and monitoring state aids, while Antimonopoly Court integrates regulatory policies by deciding cases about infrastructure regulation. Clarifying the OCCP’s independence from the government will support the integrity of law enforcement as well as a more publicly visible advocacy role.
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v5-art7-en
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  • 65
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    Opportunity, strategy and tactics in reforming public management (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 2, no. 3, p. 7-34
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 30 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Opportunité, stratégie et tactique pour la réforme de la gestion publique
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2, no. 3, p. 7-34
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Every successful public management reform is an amalgam of opportunity, strategy and tactics. Opportunities are country-specific conditions that facilitate some reforms and retard others; strategies are policies and actions that set goals for government and for the tasks to be undertaken in implementing wanted change; tactics are the methods used to mobilise support for and overcome obstacles to reform....
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v2-art14-en
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  • 66
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    Promouvoir la concurrence dans le secteur du gaz naturel (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence Vol. 4, no. 2, p. 77-165
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3452
    Language: French
    Pages: 91 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Promoting Competition in the Natural Gas Industry
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 2, p. 77-165
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Le gaz naturel est une source d’énergie essentielle pour les pays de l’OCDE, aussi bien en tant que ressource en soi que comme combustible utilisé pour la production d’électricité. La réforme réglementaire dans ce secteur présente à la fois des similitudes et des différences importantes avec celle des autres industries de réseau. A l’instar de ces dernières, l’industrie du gaz naturel doit faire l’objet d’une réforme qui favorise la concurrence dans les segments concurrentiels du secteur (et surtout entre producteurs de gaz), qui mette en place un régime solide en matière d’accès aux installations essentielles et qui opère la séparation structurelle entre les segments concurrentiels et non concurrentiels de la filière. Les pays de l’OCDE ont mis en œuvre chacune de ces étapes, consistant à autoriser l’activité de producteurs indépendants, à établir un régime de tarification de l’accès à l’infrastructure de gazoducs, ainsi qu’à séparer la production du transport (malgré les difficultés, dans ce dernier cas, que posaient les contrats à long terme assortis de clauses « take-or-pay »). Contrairement aux autres industries de réseau, cependant, la structure de l’industrie diffère beaucoup d’un pays à l’autre, en fonction du nombre de producteurs gaziers nationaux, de la localisation géographique des gazoducs et des utilisations auxquelles le gaz naturel est affecté. Les pays qui consomment principalement du gaz importé tirent moins d’avantages de la réforme au niveau national et ont beaucoup à gagner de la réforme dans les pays producteurs. Au fur et à mesure que les sources d’approvisionnement gazier se réduisent dans la zone OCDE et que la dépendance à l’égard des importations s’accroît en conséquence, la question de la réforme de la réglementation du secteur du gaz naturel rentrera de plus en plus dans la problématique des échanges internationaux.
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v4-art6-fr
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  • 67
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    Transparence des prix : Une plus grande transparence des prix est-elle bonne ou mauvaise pour les acheteurs ? (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence Vol. 5, no. 1, p. 129-211
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3452
    Language: French
    Pages: 81 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Price Transparency: Will a Greater Degree of Price Transparency Help or Harm Buyers?
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 1, p. 129-211
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Des discussions qui ont eu lieu dans le cadre de la table ronde sur la base des contributions des délégués et du document de référence qui ont été présentés, on peut dégager un certain nombre de points essentiels…
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v5-art4-fr
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  • 68
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    Price Transparency : Will a Greater Degree of Price Transparency Help or Harm Buyers? (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 5, no. 1, p. 109-181
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 71 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transparence des prix : Une plus grande transparence des prix est-elle bonne ou mauvaise pour les acheteurs ?
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 1, p. 109-181
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Although enhanced price transparency will generally increase competition to the benefit of consumers, this paper argues that it can have the opposite effect in some special situations. A negative impact is especially likely in markets already prone to anti-competitive coordination. In such markets, competition authorities should be suspicious of competitors exchanging price data, or engaging in any other practice that could help focus anti-competitive arrangements or help competitors more than customers to react to price changes. They should also be wary of exchanges of non-binding future prices. The paper identifies a number of key factors to consider in assessing whether increased price transparency might raise the probability of anticompetitive co-ordination. That includes having a look at meeting competition and most favored nation clauses, and the practice of base point pricing. The paper also examines price transparency as regards information exchanges within trade associations, price advertisements, and mandatory price transparency in public procurement markets. It closes with a short list of questions competition authorities might wish to keep in mind when investigating the effects of price transparency. This OECD Competition Roundtable was held in June 2001.
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v5-art4-en
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  • 69
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    Building a consensus for fiscal reform : The Chilean case (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 2, no. 3, p. 35-55
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 23 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Parvenir à un consensus sur la réforme budgétaire : L'exemple du Chili
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2, no. 3, p. 35-55
    Keywords: Governance ; Chile
    Abstract: The financial crisis that started in Asia in 1997 brought up a renewed concern over public finances in emerging economies. As most observers failed to detect creeping fiscal disequilibria, large public contingent liabilities, vulnerable asset-liability structures and time inconsistencies of fiscal policy, international financial institutions committed themselves to promote higher transparency and efficiency in the management of public finances. This has resulted in a stream of transparency codes, guidelines and best practice reports over the last couple of years that intend to prevent such failures in the future...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v2-art15-en
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  • 70
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    Arguments en faveur de l'Administration électronique : Extraits du rapport de l'OCDE L'Administration électronique : un impératif (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 3, no. 1, p. 67-108
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 45 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Case for e-government: Excerpts from the OECD Report "the e-government Imperative"
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 1, p. 67-108
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Le Projet d’administration électronique de l’OCDE se fonde sur l’hypothèse que l’administration électronique peut permettre de réformer le mode de fonctionnement des administrations publiques et de mettre en place une administration plus coopérative et davantage axée sur le client. Pour cela, il convient de surmonter des enjeux importants. Un prochain rapport de l’OCDE, « L’administration électronique : un impératif », s’intéresse aux possibilités et aux incidences de l’administration électronique et aux changements nécessaires pour en maximiser les avantages. Cet article est tiré de cette future publication, et examine les arguments en faveur de l’administration électronique ainsi que les obstacles budgétaires à surmonter pour une mise en œuvre fructueuse de l’administration électronique....
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art5-fr
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  • 71
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    Parvenir à un consensus sur la réforme budgétaire : L'exemple du Chili (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 2, no. 3, p. 41-63
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 25 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Building a consensus for fiscal reform: The Chilean case
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2, no. 3, p. 41-63
    Keywords: Governance ; Chile
    Abstract: La crise financière, apparue en Asie en 1997, a suscité un regain d’intérêt pour les finances publiques des économies émergentes. La plupart des observateurs n’ayant pas été à même de déceler la montée des déséquilibres budgétaires, les importantes dettes publiques éventuelles, la vulnérabilité des structures actifs-passifs ainsi que les incohérences temporelles des politiques budgétaires, les institutions financières internationales se sont engagées à promouvoir une plus grande transparence et une efficience accrue dans la gestion des finances publiques. Cela a donné lieu, ces deux dernières années, à l’élaboration d’une série de codes sur la transparence, de lignes directrices et de rapports sur les meilleures pratiques visant à éviter que de telles défaillances ne se reproduisent à l’avenir...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v2-art15-fr
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  • 72
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    La réforme budgétaire dans les pays membres de l'OCDE : Tendances communes (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 2, no. 4, p. 7-27
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 23 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Budget reform in OECD member countries: Common trends
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2, no. 4, p. 7-27
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Depuis le début des années 90, la situation budgétaire des pays membres de l’OCDE s’est améliorée régulièrement chaque année, passant d’un déficit de 5 % du PIB pour l’ensemble des pays membres en 1993 à un équilibre parfait (sans déficit, ni excédent) en l’an 2000. L’année passée, les pays membres ont enregistré un déficit de 1 % du PIB. Le tableau 1 expose l’équilibre financier des administrations publiques dans quelques pays membres de l’OCDE. Il veut montrer l’évolution historique dans les pays membres : l’assainissement des finances publiques est une entreprise de longue haleine dont les résultats sont précaires. Naguère, plusieurs pays membres de l’OCDE pensaient qu’ils enregistreraient des excédents budgétaires longtemps encore, que l’époque des déficits était révolue. Il n’en a rien été : la série des excédents s’est avérée très éphémère dans de nombreux pays.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v2-art20-fr
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  • 73
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    Performance Information in the Budget Process : Results of the OECD 2005 Questionnaire (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 5, no. 2, p. 87-131
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 46 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 2, p. 87-131
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Based on the results of the OECD 2005 questionnaire on performance information, this article provides an overview of the development and use of performance measures and evaluations in the budget process across OECD countries. This trend is both widespread and long-term. However, questions remain about the real extent of change and if and how performance information is used in budgetary decision making. The article examines: the different institutional roles and responsibilities in developing performance information; the main trends, challenges and success factors for implementation and how this information is used in the budget process; and what factors contribute to its use or lack of use. The article also classifies different approaches to performance budgeting. Two significant findings are that the majority of countries engage in performance-informed budgeting at the Ministry of Finance level (that is, performance information is most often used along with other information to inform but not to determine budget allocations) and that the main reason for not using performance information is the lack of a method to integrate it into the budget process.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v5-art13-en
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  • 74
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    Fiscal Consolidation and Medium-term Fiscal Planning in Japan (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 3, no. 2, p. 105-137
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Assainissement des finances publiques et planification budgétaire à moyen terme au Japon
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 2, p. 105-137
    Keywords: Governance ; Japan
    Abstract: The macroeconomic policy in Japan in the 1990s swung from fiscal expansion to fiscal consolidation and conversely. The efforts to restore soundness of public finance culminated in the Fiscal Structural Reform Act of 1997, which articulated several fiscal targets in the medium-term perspective. The act was however suspended after only a year due to economic slowdown, which threatened politicians with the possibility that fiscal consolidation might deteriorate the Japanese economy further. During the past decade, a number of economic packages to stimulate the return of the economy to a self-sustaining growth path totalled over 130 trillion yen in terms of project cost base.2 However, the Japanese economy has not recovered. As a result, these discretionary fiscal policies made the fiscal balance dramatically worse and accumulated government debt to over 140% of GDP in 2002. The new government under Prime Minister J. Koizumi was formed in April 2001. The government put structural reforms at the top of the agenda and included the fiscal consolidation plan to achieve a primary balance surplus in the early 2010s. While Japan is moving into an ageing society more rapidly than other countries, there is increasing pressure to restore public finances over the medium term. However, downside risk in the Japanese economy has been increasing since the middle of 2002 mainly due to serious deflationary pressure. Halting deflation is urgent in the short term for restoring economic growth. Japan is thus faced with considerable difficulties in achieving both the short-term objective of economic recovery and the medium-term objective of fiscal consolidation. In addition, Japan is in the extraordinary situation where there has been little incentive to enforce fiscal consolidation because huge domestic savings can finance huge government deficit, keeping the coupon rate of a ten-year Japanese Government bond to less than 1%...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art11-en
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  • 75
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    Regulatory governance : Improving the institutional basis for sectoral regulators (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 2, no. 3, p. 57-118
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 64 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gouvernance de la régulation : Amélioration institutionnelle des autorités de régulation sectorielles
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2, no. 3, p. 57-118
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: In recent years, many countries, both within the OECD and beyond, have reappraised their regulatory policy framework to determine whether it meets the challenges of the new regulatory environment. For utility markets previously characterised by stability and slowness to change, these challenges are arising from rapidly developing technologies, converging industries, the internationalisation of markets, and more informed and discerning consumers...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v2-art16-en
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  • 76
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    Time horizons in budgeting (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 2, no. 2, p. 77-103
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 29 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'horizon budgétaire
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2, no. 2, p. 77-103
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Public policy-makers operate with all measures of time horizon. They make short-term decisions as well as investments intended to benefit several generations. Though popular myth and public choice theory concur that politicians have their eyes fixed on nothing but the next election, there is a great deal of evidence to the contrary. As a rule there is a blend of time-frames and perspectives in the same actor. Attention leaps back and forth between the proximate and the distant. In their time orientation, elected officials share the ambivalence and volatility of their electorates. “A week is a long time in politics”, Harold Wilson once famously claimed when accused of inconsistency...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v2-art10-en
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  • 77
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    L'horizon budgétaire (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 2, no. 2, p. 89-119
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 33 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Time horizons in budgeting
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2, no. 2, p. 89-119
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Les responsables de l’action publique travaillent sur toutes les durées Ils prennent des décisions à court terme tout comme ils effectuent des investissements censés profiter à plusieurs générations. Bien que le mythe populaire et la théorie du choix public se rejoignent pour prétendre que les politiciens ont leurs yeux braqués uniquement sur les prochaines élections, tout incite à penser le contraire. D’une manière générale, un même acteur prend en compte une large gamme de délais et de perspectives. Son attention va et vient du proche au lointain. Vis-à-vis du temps, les élus ont l’ambivalence et la volatilité de leurs électeurs. Alors qu’on le taxait d’inconsistance, Harold Wilson a eu cette parole bien connue : « Une semaine, c’est long en politique. » Cela peut être vrai, mais la continuité et la persévérance existent aussi en politique. Un grand nombre d’initiatives ne peuvent être couronnées de succès qu’à long terme. Dans leurs professions de foi, les hommes politiques font souvent référence à nos enfants et petitsenfants et se prétendent impliqués dans un processus de construction. Lorsqu’ils s’engagent dans des projets où il s’agit effectivement de bâtir, on les voit manifestement tournés vers l’avenir. Pour les bâtisseurs de cathédrales médiévales, l’horizon était même infini. Leur but, c’était le salut éternel...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v2-art10-fr
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  • 78
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    Le secteur de l'électricité en Russie (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 151-168
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3452
    Language: French
    Pages: 20 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Electricity Sector in Russia
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 151-168
    Keywords: Governance ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: Le secteur de l'électricité joue un rôle clé dans l'économie de la Fédération de Russie et pour le bien-être de ses citoyens. Déjà partiellement privatisé, ce secteur a connu sur le plan de la réforme de ses structures et de sa réglementation des hauts et des bas. Dans le cadre d'un soutien actif à long terme des efforts de réforme de la Fédération russe, une réunion s'est tenue à Moscou en mai 2001 au niveau des experts des pays membres de l'OCDE et des responsables russes pour discuter des leçons à tirer de l'expérience en matière de réforme de ce secteur des pays de l'OCDE. Les principales recommandations ont porté sur la restructuration – assurer une déconcentration suffisante au niveau de la production et un contrôle non discriminatoire à l'accès au réseau par des entreprises distinctes au niveau de la production et de la transmission – la formation des prix au niveau de la transmission, le service universel, les modalités institutionnelles (en donnant au régulateur indépendant des objectifs transparents ainsi que des pouvoirs) et les dispositions en période de transition. La Russie est un cas unique mais beaucoup de considérations politiques qui lui sont destinées s'appliquent également à de nombreux autres pays.
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v4-art16-fr
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  • 79
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    L'État performant : Réflexions sur une idée entrée dans les esprits mais pas encore dans les faits (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 3, no. 2, p. 79-117
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 41 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Performing State: Reflection on an Idea Whose Time Has Come but Whose Implementation Has Not
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 2, p. 79-117
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: L’État-nation contemporain existe pour être performant, pour fournir au peuple une aide financière, des services publics et d’autres prestations. La hauteur des performances de l’administration influe sur le bien-être économique et social des citoyens, l’état d’esprit des électeurs qui entrent dans l’isoloir, les programmes et le comportement des hommes politiques et des bureaucrates et les relations entre gouvernants et gouvernés. La mission de l’État moderne ne se limite pas à fournir des services et à faire des chèques, puisqu’il conserve ses fonctions traditionnelles de gardien, par exemple en défendant le pays contre les menaces extérieures et en maintenant à l’intérieur la santé publique, la sécurité et l’ordre. Ces missions restent certes essentielles, mais dans la plupart des États-nations, elles ont été surclassées dans l’esprit des citoyens et dans les comptes de l’administration par une gamme de services publics beaucoup plus étendue que celle fournie il y a 20 ou 40 ans. L’administration n’accomplit pas seulement davantage de tâches que par le passé, elle remplit la plupart d’entre elles différemment. L’une des idées principales du présent rapport est que l’État performant est par nature un État en transition, qui doit s’adapter à l’évolution des conditions et des opportunités. La performance n’est pas une mesure statique ; elle exige une rétroaction continue entre la situation et les résultats d’une part et les politiques et l’action d’autre part. Parmi les nombreuses transformations qui ont touché l’État performant, il faut citer celles qui concernent son rôle d’unification du peuple au travers de symboles et d’actions qui forgent l’identité nationale commune. Au fur et à mesure que la prestation des services prenait de l’importance, la diversité gagnait du terrain sur l’uniformité, du fait que les citoyens ne veulent pas ou n’ont pas tous besoin des mêmes services. L’État performant doit servir les citoyens, même s’il lui faut pour cela ne pas tous les servir de la même manière...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art10-fr
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  • 80
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    Accrual Accounting and Budgeting : Key Issues and Recent Developments (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 3, no. 1, p. 43-59
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Comptabilité et budgétisation sur la base des droits constatés : Questions clés et développements récents
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 1, p. 43-59
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Cash and accruals represent two end points on a spectrum of possible accounting and budgeting bases. The cash end of the spectrum has traditionally been applied by OECD member countries for their public sector activities. In recent years there has been a major trend towards the accruals end of the spectrum in member countries. About half of member countries have adopted accruals to one degree or another. The tables at the end of this paper provide details on practices in individual member countries. Several general comments can be made about the use of accruals in member countries...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art4-en
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  • 81
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    Public Management Reform : Reliable Knowledge and International Experience (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 3, no. 3, p. 121-134
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 18 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Réforme de la gestion publique : Connaissance du contexte et expérience internationale
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 3, p. 121-134
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: In this paper I want to address some fundamental questions concerning the nature of knowledge about public management reform, and particularly its transferability between countries and contexts. My main point will be that knowledge of what works and what does not tends to be heavily contextdependent. That is to say, a technique or organisational structure which succeeds in one place may fail in another. So – to put it bluntly – there is no set of general tools that can be transferred from one jurisdiction to another, all around the world, with confidence that they will work well every time. This means we have to look carefully at contexts, and at the “terms of trade” each time we are thinking of borrowing a good management idea from somewhere else. This is not a “how-to-do-it” paper. Rather it is a series of reflections on the nature of the “trade” in public management reforms, drawing on the existing academic literature and seeking to identify issues where further work seems to be desirable...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art19-en
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  • 82
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    Améliorer les procédures de prise de décision des pouvoirs publics en vue de la gestion des risques (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 3, no. 1, p. 27-46
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 23 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Improving Government Decision-making Practices for Risk Management
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 1, p. 27-46
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Les risques traditionnels, comme la dégradation de l’environnement, ont tendance à acquérir de nouvelles dimensions, à cause de divers facteurs tels l’augmentation de la fréquence des conditions climatiques extrêmes, la concentration géographique croissante des populations et des richesses, etc. Parallèlement, on voit apparaître de nouveaux problèmes, comme des maladies émergentes, l’utilisation des biotechnologies, le terrorisme biologique, se caractérisant par une incertitude extrême et la possibilité d’entraîner des préjudices considérables. Il semble que la complexité du monde moderne mette de plus en plus en question la capacité d’adaptation des gouvernements à l’évolution des risques traditionnels et aux risques émergents, tandis que l’acceptation de risques personnels découlant de décisions « privées » semble être plus grande que l’acceptation de risques découlant de décisions prises par les pouvoirs publics (ainsi les consommateurs semblent prêts en majorité à accepter les facteurs d’incertitude liés à l’utilisation des téléphones cellulaires ou des produits pharmaceutiques)...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art3-fr
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  • 83
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    The Learning Government (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 3, no. 2, p. 55-69
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 17 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'administration apprenante
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 2, p. 55-69
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: The question is “how do governments identify important changes in their environment affecting the result of their policies and actions and develop capacity to make appropriate and timely adjustments in public policy and services?”. The short answer is “with great difficulty, although competent governments do so on some of the issues some of the time”. Successful dynamic adaptive behaviour in government involves virtually every significant feature of the system of government in some way. It is about how the rationality of policy analysis and public management comes together with the rationality of politics. It is about creating an environment which has good governance and good management. It involves resolution of disputes among competing views of the public interest or simply among competing private interests. It involves the effectiveness of the relationships between the government’s constituents and the institutions and policies of government. At the deepest level it is about effective democracy and how in any country a sequence of governments over time choose to exercise their constitutional authorities and whether they do this effectively in some wider sense of serving the best interests of their citizens in a system of democratic accountability...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art9-en
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  • 84
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    Gouvernance de la régulation : Amélioration institutionnelle des autorités de régulation sectorielles (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 2, no. 3, p. 65-134
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 72 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Regulatory governance: Improving the institutional basis for sectoral regulators
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2, no. 3, p. 65-134
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Durant les dernières années un grand nombre de pays, aussi bien au sein de l’OCDE qu’en dehors, ont réexaminé le cadre de leur politique de réglementation pour déterminer s’il répondait aux exigences du nouvel environnement réglementaire. Sur le marché des services d’utilité publique, qui se caractérisait naguère par sa stabilité et la lenteur de son évolution, ces nouvelles exigences proviennent du développement rapide des technologies, de la convergence des industries, de l’internationalisation des marchés et du fait que les clients sont mieux informés et plus exigeants...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v2-art16-fr
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  • 85
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    Product Market Competition and Economic Performance (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 25-34
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 12 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Concurrence sur les marchés de produits et performance économique
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 25-34
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Increased competition in product markets, as well as being good for consumers, can also boost productivity and employment, according to the study Product Market Competition and Economic Performance by the OECD. Competition improves productivity through a more efficient use of resources. At the same time it can encourage innovation and the rapid spread of new technology. Reforms to make product markets more dynamic will also boost real wages as prices are lowered through increased competition. The study argues that reforms undertaken between the late 1970s to the late 1990s, such as the liberalisation of telecommunications industries, increased employment rates in OECD countries by an average of 1.5 percentage points, reaching 2.5 percentage points in economies where pro-competition policies were pursued most vigorously. This study forms a chapter in the OECD Economic Outlook No. 72 published in December 2002.
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v4-art14-en
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  • 86
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    Maîtriser les dépenses publiques : La théorie de la limitation des dépenses (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 2, no. 4, p. 29-55
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 29 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Controlling public expenditure: The theory of expenditure limitation
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2, no. 4, p. 29-55
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Que faut-il, à mon sens, exclure de la notion de limitation des dépenses ? Le présent document ne traitera pas des raisons pour lesquelles les gouvernements devraient décider de limiter les dépenses. S’ils souhaitent les accroître, ils en ont sans conteste la prérogative. De surcroît, ils s’y entendent, de toute évidence, fort bien. Les gouvernements n’ont que faire de conseils sur ce qu’ils effectuent naturellement. Point n’est besoin de chercher des solutions lorsqu’on ne perçoit aucun problème.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v2-art21-fr
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  • 87
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    Le droit et la politique de la concurrence en Europe du Sud-Est (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence Vol. 5, no. 2, p. 7-94
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3452
    Language: French
    Pages: 90 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Competition Law and Policy in South East Europe
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 2, p. 7-94
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: La politique de la concurrence est l’un des fondements des économies de marché. Le développement de politiques de la concurrence en Europe du Sud-Est (« ESE ») vise à créer des règles du jeu uniformes pour l’investissement, ce qui est d’une importance primordiale pour le progrès économique des pays de la région. En 2001, un programme global de renforcement des capacités des autorités de la concurrence de l’ESE a été lancé en vue de contribuer à la stabilité, à une croissance durable et au bienêtre de la région. Financé par la Charte pour la réforme, l’investissement, l’intégrité et la croissance en Europe du Sud-Est, il a été organisé par la Division de la concurrence de l’OCDE en partenariat avec les autorités de la concurrence de la Bulgarie, de l’ancienne République yougoslave de Macédoine et de la Slovénie. Les objectifs à long terme du programme étaient de renforcer les autorités nationales de la concurrence de la région, en tant que responsables de l’application efficace des lois sur la concurrence et d’avocats d’une réforme économique reposant sur des principes de concurrence. L’un de ses principaux objectifs était également d’aider à l’établissement d’une coopération intra-régionale étroite dans le domaine de la politique de la concurrence. Ce rapport de clôture s’appuie sur les expériences et la documentation fournies par les représentants des autorités de la concurrence de l’ESE et fait un tour d’horizon des régimes de la concurrence dans les pays de l’ESE.
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v5-art6-fr
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  • 88
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    La budgétisation a-t-elle un avenir ? (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 2, no. 2, p. 7-56
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 52 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Does budgeting have a future?
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2, no. 2, p. 7-56
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: La budgétisation se classe dans les travaux en cours. Le processus budgétaire n’est jamais tout à fait établi car les personnes qui le gèrent ne sont jamais pleinement satisfaites. Budgéter c’est décider sur la base d’informations inadéquates, bien souvent sans connaître avec certitude la manière dont les crédits budgétaires passés ont été utilisés ou ce qui a été accompli, ou encore les résultats que pourraient donner les nouvelles affectations de crédits. La plupart des personnes impliquées dans la budgétisation ont connu la frustration de voir leurs préférences évincées par le coût inhérent aux actions passées. La budgétisation est un processus obéissant à une logique d’échéance, dans lequel les décisions sub-optimales sont souvent la règle car l’État n’a pas la possibilité de ne prendre aucune décision. Lorsqu’un cycle se termine, le suivant démarre, pratiquement sans délai et suivant un schéma identique à celui de l’année précédente. La routine de la budgétisation émousse les conflits mais elle alimente également la frustration...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v2-art8-fr
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  • 89
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    How do treasury systems operate in sub-Saharan francophone Africa? (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 2, no. 4, p. 49-83
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 37 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Comment fonctionnent les systèmes du Trésor dans les pays francophones de l'Afrique subsaharienne
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2, no. 4, p. 49-83
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Treasury systems in sub-Saharan Francophone African countries share many features with the French public expenditure management system of the 1960s on which they were modelled. However, in a different economic and institutional environment, key elements of this framework have evolved in unexpected, unwelcome directions. This paper critically examines two main features of the French system in the sub-Saharan Francophone African context: the strict separation between the person ordering payment and the one disbursing funds, and the centralisation of funds in the treasury. This examination calls attention to – and suggests remedies for – the specific flaws that have evolved from the traditional framework.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v2-art22-en
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  • 90
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    Comment fonctionnent les systèmes du Trésor dans les pays francophones de l'Afrique subsaharienne (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 2, no. 4, p. 57-95
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 40 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. How do treasury systems operate in sub-Saharan francophone Africa?
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2, no. 4, p. 57-95
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Les systèmes du trésor dans les pays francophones de l’Afrique subsaharienne s’apparentent à bien des égards au système français de gestion des dépenses publiques des années 60, car celui-ci leur a servi de modèle. Toutefois, en raison de certaines différences liées au contexte économique et au cadre administratif, certains éléments clés de ce système ont évolué de manière inattendue et malencontreuse. Le présent document jette un regard critique sur deux aspects importants du système français dans le contexte des pays francophones de l’Afrique subsaharienne : d’une part la séparation stricte entre la fonction d’ordonnancement, qui consiste à ordonner qu’un paiement soit effectué, et celle de paiement, qui consiste à verser les fonds, et d’autre part la centralisation des fonds dans le trésor. Le présent examen met en relief certaines lacunes particulières apparues depuis la mise en place du cadre traditionnel et propose des solutions.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v2-art22-fr
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  • 91
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    Assainissement des finances publiques et planification budgétaire à moyen terme au Japon (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 3, no. 2, p. 119-156
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 40 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fiscal Consolidation and Medium-term Fiscal Planning in Japan
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 2, p. 119-156
    Keywords: Governance ; Japan
    Abstract: La politique macroéconomique du Japon a fluctué entre expansions et assainissements budgétaires pendant les années 90. Les efforts déployés pour rétablir l’équilibre des finances publiques ont culminé dans la Loi de 1997 sur la réforme structurelle des finances publiques, qui articulait plusieurs objectifs budgétaires dans une perspective à moyen terme. Cette loi a toutefois été suspendue un an seulement après son adoption en raison d’un ralentissement économique qui a fait craindre aux responsables politiques qu’un assainissement des finances publiques n’aggrave encore la situation économique du pays. Plusieurs programmes de relance économique adoptés en une dizaine d’années pour ramener l’économie sur le sentier d’une croissance autonome se sont élevés à un total supérieur à 130 000 milliards de yens sur la base du coût des projets envisagés2. L’économie japonaise ne s’est toutefois pas redressée ce qui fait que ces politiques budgétaires discrétionnaires ont considérablement aggravé le déséquilibre budgétaire et porté la dette publique à plus de 140 % du PIB en 2002...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art11-fr
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  • 92
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    La budgétisation aux États-Unis (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 3, no. 2, p. 7-62
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 58 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Budgeting in the United States
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 2, p. 7-62
    Keywords: Governance ; United States
    Abstract: Le processus budgétaire de l’administration fédérale des États-Unis est différent de celui des autres pays membres de l’OCDE. La raison en est la division rigoureuse des pouvoirs qui caractérise le régime constitutionnel américain de même qu’un long parcours historique marqué par l’ajout successif de nouvelles institutions. Le processus budgétaire présidentiel a commencé à se développer au début du siècle précédent. Il a été codifié pour la première fois en 1921 dans une loi intitulée Budget and Accounting Act, laquelle exigeait que le Président soumette au Congrès un budget pour le gouvernement et créait le Bureau of the Budget, devenu depuis l’Office of Management and Budget (OMB). Dans les années 70, le Congrès a modifié son propre processus budgétaire au moyen d’une loi intitulée Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act. Adoptée en 1974, cette loi créait la résolution budgétaire du Congrès et établissait le Congressional Budget Office (CBO). Une nouvelle institution s’est ajoutée au cours des années 1980 dans le but de contrôler le déficit. Il s’agit de la loi intitulée Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act, connue sous le nom de Loi Gramm-Rudman-Hollings qui a été adoptée en 1985. Elle a été modifiée en profondeur en 1990 par la Budget Enforcement Act...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art8-fr
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  • 93
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    A Comparison Between Two Public Expenditure Management Systems in Africa (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 3, no. 3, p. 35-66
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 36 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Une comparaison entre deux systèmes de gestion des dépenses publiques en Afrique
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 3, p. 35-66
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Many African countries are benefiting from reductions in their external debt. One important objective is to redirect the budgetary resources released from servicing external debt towards poverty-reducing expenditures. Several questions arise in this context. First, are the public expenditure management (PEM) systems of African countries robust enough to allow specific povertyreducingexpenditures to be identified in annual budgets and tracked in countries’ accounting systems? Second, does the expenditure control system allow poverty-reducing expenditures to be protected from cuts should there be unforeseen shortfalls in revenues? Third, are internal and external audit mechanisms effective, so as to ensure the integrity of expenditure reports, both in-year and annually? To answer these and other questions, an assessment of the entire PEM system is required in each country. Such a study has already been prepared.1 During 2001, the PEM systems of 24 low-income countries were assessed based on a common set of 15 questions in the areas of budget preparation, budget execution, and fiscal reporting. Figure 1 shows the results for two regions of Africa (Anglophone countries and Francophone countries) – well below what is required to meet the objectives of effective PEM systems (both regions attained only about 40% of the required benchmarks)...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art15-en
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  • 94
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    Modernisation du secteur public : Un nouveau programme (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 3, no. 1, p. 7-26
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 23 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Public Sector Modernisation: A New Agenda
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 1, p. 7-26
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: La présente note tend à montrer que, si l’on attend des administrations publiques qu’elles parviennent à s’adapter à l’évolution des besoins de la société, il leur faut des instruments d’analyse et d’action plus efficaces et des stratégies de changement plus élaborées que ceux dont disposent à ce jour la plupart des pays membres de l’OCDE...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art2-fr
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  • 95
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    Countering Uncertainty in Budget Forecasts (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 3, no. 2, p. 139-151
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 15 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La prise en compte des incertitudes dans les prévisions budgétaires
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 2, p. 139-151
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Federal budget procedures in the United States require forecasts and projections over several distinct periods of time: short term (18-24 months ahead), medium term (both 5- and 10-year horizons), and long term (as much as 75 years in the future). In the United States, the intermediate estimates have taken on increased significance with many press accounts referring to 10-year estimates. In addition to various time periods, the forecasts include the outlook for both the economy and the budget. Economic forecasts not only drive the budgetary outlook, they also provide the basis for developing economic policy. And despite the linkage between economic and budgetary performance, the relationships are neither perfect nor constant. The status of these two requirements has evolved, particularly since the enactment of the Budget Act in 1974 creating the Congressional Budget Office (CBO). The Executive branch forecasts (done mainly by the Office of Management and Budget, OMB) tend to parallel the time periods. Often many of the economic results are similar, especially over a 10-year forecast; the budget estimates vary more widely...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art12-en
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  • 96
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    Review of Competition Law and Policy in Canada (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 5, no. 1, p. 47-107
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 63 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examen du droit et de la politique de la concurrence au Canada
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 1, p. 47-107
    Keywords: Governance ; Canada
    Abstract: Important issues in competition policy in Canada today are the independence and powers of the institutions and the balance between competition policy principles and national interests. The foundations of policy are being tested in merger litigation over the meaning of efficiency. Enforcement against cartels is complicated by a need to show that restraints are “undue.” Canada's “conformity continuum” offers an important, distinctive contribution to enforcement practice. Responses to controversies sometimes appear ad hoc, but the outcomes, such as the laws about banking mergers and about airlines, have recognised competition concerns. Policy options for consideration include finding other means to promote the goals now served by ownership controls, reviewing the scope of federal and provincial regulatory constraints on competition, clarifying the scope of the Commissioner's decision-making independence, and making enforcement more efficient by providing for private action, improving the decision process, and clarifying the anti-cartel principle.
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v5-art3-en
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  • 97
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    Controlling public expenditure : The theory of expenditure limitation (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 2, no. 4, p. 27-47
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 23 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Maîtriser les dépenses publiques : La théorie de la limitation des dépenses
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2, no. 4, p. 27-47
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: What don’t I mean by expenditure limitation? This paper is not about why governments should chose to limit spending. If governments wish to increase spending, that is obviously their prerogative. Moreover, they are, on the evidence, very good at it. Governments need no advice on doing what comes naturally. There need be no solution when there is perceived to be no problem…
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v2-art21-en
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  • 98
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    The Electricity Sector in Russia (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 135-149
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 17 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le secteur de l'électricité en Russie
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 135-149
    Keywords: Governance ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: The electricity sector plays a vital role in the economy of Russia and the well being of its citizens. Already partly privatised, reform of the structure and regulation of the sector has been on and off the political agenda for years. As part of the OECD’s long-term active support for reform efforts in the Russian Federation, a meeting was held in Moscow in May 2001 among experts from OECD member countries and Russian officials to discuss what could be learned from the experiences of reform in electricity sectors in OECD countries. Key recommendations addressed restructuring – ensuring sufficient deconcentration in generation and independent, non-discriminatory control of grid access by separate ownership of generation and transmission – transmission pricing, universal service, institutional arrangements – empowering an independent regulator with transparent objectives, powers, processes and decisions – and transitional arrangements. Russia is unique, but many of the policy considerations in Russia will also be important in many other countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v4-art16-en
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  • 99
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    Does budgeting have a future? (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 2, no. 2, p. 7-48
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 44 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La budgétisation a-t-elle un avenir ?
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2, no. 2, p. 7-48
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Budgeting is a work in progress. The process is never quite settled because those who manage it are never fully satisfied. To budget is to decide on the basis of inadequate information, often without secure knowledge of how past appropriations were used or of what was accomplished, or of the results that new allocations may produce. Most people involved in budgeting have experienced the frustration of having their preferences crowded out by the built-in cost of past actions. Budgeting is a deadline-driven process, in which sub-optimal decisions often are the norm because government does not have the option of making no decisions. When one cycle ends, the next begins, usually with little respite and along the same path that was trod the year before. The routines of budgeting dull conflict, but they also are a breeding ground for frustration.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v2-art8-en
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  • 100
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    The Performing State : Reflection on an Idea Whose Time Has Come but Whose Implementation Has Not (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 3, no. 2, p. 71-103
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'État performant : Réflexions sur une idée entrée dans les esprits mais pas encore dans les faits
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 2, p. 71-103
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: The contemporary nation-state exists to perform – to provide financial assistance, public services and other benefits to its people. How well the government performs influences the economic and social well-being of citizens, the mindset that voters take into the election booth, the programmes and behaviour of politicians and bureaucrats, and the relationship between government and the governed. Delivering services and writing cheques are not the sole functions of the modern state, for it still has traditional watchman responsibilities such as defending the country against external threat and maintaining domestic health, safety and order. Although the old tasks are essential, in most nation-states they have been surpassed in the sentiments of citizens and in the fiscal accounts of government by a vastly broader array of public services than were provided generations ago. Government not only does more than it once did, it carries out many tasks differently. One of the themes of this paper is that a performing state is inherently a state in transition, adapting to changing conditions and opportunities. Performance is not a static measure, but one that requires ongoing feedback from situations and results to policies and action. Among the many transformations that the performing state has experienced is in its role as unifier of the people through symbols and actions that forge a common national identity. As the provision of services has gained prominence, diversity has gained ground over uniformity because citizens differ in the services they want or need. The performing state must serve the people, even if doing so requires that it serve them differently...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art10-en
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