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  • Santa Monica, Calif : Rand
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  • 1
    ISBN: 9780833058355 , 0833058460 , 0833058355 , 9780833058461
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiii, 161 pages)
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation technical report series TR-984-NETL
    Parallel Title: Print version Near-term opportunities for integrating biomass into the U.S. electricity supply
    Keywords: Electric power-plants Fuel ; Biomass energy ; Electric power production ; Electric power-plants ; Biomass energy ; Electric power production ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS ; Industries ; Energy ; Biomass energy ; Electric power-plants ; Fuel ; Electric power production ; Chemical & Materials Engineering ; Engineering & Applied Sciences ; Chemical Engineering ; United States ; NATURE ; Animals ; Wildlife ; SCIENCE ; Life Sciences ; Biological Diversity ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "In light of potential regulatory limits on greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions, requirements for greater use of renewable fuels, and higher prices for some conventional fossil resources, over the course of the next few decades, biomass is expected to become an increasingly important source of electricity, heat, and liquid fuel. One near-term option for using biomass to generate electricity is to cofire biomass in coal-fired electricity plants. Doing so allows such plants to reduce GHG emissions and, in appropriate regulatory environments, to generate renewable-energy credits to recover costs. This report focuses on two aspects of biomass use: plant-site modifications, changes in operations, and costs associated with cofiring biomass; and the logistical issues associated with delivering biomass to the plant. The authors find that the main challenge is maintaining a consistent fuel supply; technical and regulatory factors can drive the decision to cofire; cofiring can increase costs, decrease revenue, and reduce GHG emissions; densification does not reduce plant costs but can reduce transportation costs, however current markets cannot support use of densified fuels."--Provided by publisher
    Abstract: "In light of potential regulatory limits on greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions, requirements for greater use of renewable fuels, and higher prices for some conventional fossil resources, over the course of the next few decades, biomass is expected to become an increasingly important source of electricity, heat, and liquid fuel. One near-term option for using biomass to generate electricity is to cofire biomass in coal-fired electricity plants. Doing so allows such plants to reduce GHG emissions and, in appropriate regulatory environments, to generate renewable-energy credits to recover costs. This report focuses on two aspects of biomass use: plant-site modifications, changes in operations, and costs associated with cofiring biomass; and the logistical issues associated with delivering biomass to the plant. The authors find that the main challenge is maintaining a consistent fuel supply; technical and regulatory factors can drive the decision to cofire; cofiring can increase costs, decrease revenue, and reduce GHG emissions; densification does not reduce plant costs but can reduce transportation costs, however current markets cannot support use of densified fuels."--Provided by publisher
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 157-161)
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9780833044525 , 0833048627 , 9781282451056 , 1282451057 , 9780833048622 , 0833044524
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiv, 257 pages)
    Edition: [S.l.] HathiTrust Digital Library 2010 Electronic reproduction
    Series Statement: Occasional paper 223
    Parallel Title: Print version Kent, Glenn A., 1915- Thinking about America's defense
    Keywords: United States Biography Officers ; United States ; Generals Biography ; Strategic forces ; National security ; Military planning ; Generals ; Strategic forces ; National security ; Military planning ; TECHNOLOGY ; Military Science ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Political Freedom & Security ; International Security ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Political Freedom & Security ; General ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; Armed Forces ; Officers ; Generals ; Military planning ; Military policy ; Military readiness ; Decision making ; National security ; Strategic forces ; Military Science - General ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; United States ; United States ; Biographies ; United States Military policy ; United States Defenses ; Decision making ; United States ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "Lieutenant General Glenn A. Kent was a uniquely acute analyst and developer of American defense policy in the second half of the twentieth century. His 33-year career in the Air Force was followed by more than 20 years as one of the leading analysts at RAND. This volume is not a memoir in the normal sense but rather a summary of the dozens of national security issues in which Glenn was personally engaged over the course of his career. These issues included creating the single integrated operational plan (SIOP), leading DoD's official assessment of strategic defenses in the 1960s, developing and analyzing strategic nuclear arms control agreements, helping to bring new weapon systems to life, and many others. Each vignette describes the analytical frameworks and, where appropriate, the mathematical formulas and charts that Glenn developed and applied to gain insights into the issue at hand. The author also relates his roles in much of the bureaucratic pulling and hauling that occurred as issues were addressed within the government."--Publisher's website
    Abstract: "Lieutenant General Glenn A. Kent was a uniquely acute analyst and developer of American defense policy in the second half of the twentieth century. His 33-year career in the Air Force was followed by more than 20 years as one of the leading analysts at RAND. This volume is not a memoir in the normal sense but rather a summary of the dozens of national security issues in which Glenn was personally engaged over the course of his career. These issues included creating the single integrated operational plan (SIOP), leading DoD's official assessment of strategic defenses in the 1960s, developing and analyzing strategic nuclear arms control agreements, helping to bring new weapon systems to life, and many others. Each vignette describes the analytical frameworks and, where appropriate, the mathematical formulas and charts that Glenn developed and applied to gain insights into the issue at hand. The author also relates his roles in much of the bureaucratic pulling and hauling that occurred as issues were addressed within the government."--Publisher's website
    Note: "Prepared for the United States Air Force , "Project Air Force , Includes bibliographical references , Use copy Restrictions unspecified star MiAaHDL , Electronic reproduction , Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002.
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9780833037008 , 0833040707
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    DDC: 302.2
    Keywords: Teleconferencing ; Telematics ; Electronic books ; Electronic books ; Electronic books ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Introduction -- Definitions and methodology -- Virtual versus face-to-face collaboration: a survey of the literature -- Mitigating problems and exploiting the benefits of mediated communication -- Where Next?
    Abstract: This report summarizes the research literature on virtual collaboration, focusing on interactive virtual collaborations in real or near-real time. In particular, it reviews how the processes and outcomes of virtual collaborations are affected by the communication medium (videoconferencing, audioconferencing, or computer-mediated conferencing). It then discusses how problems in such collaboration can be mitigated and opportunities realized. Problems include increased "us vs. them" divisions and misunderstandings, as well as shifts toward risky options. Opportunities include broadening the range of views and options, as well as broadening the range of available experts. The report suggests a strategy for choosing the most effective medium, including face-to-face communication and hybrid systems, as a function of task and context (e.g., convergence on a decision or brainstorming)
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  • 4
    ISBN: 0833033735 , 9780833033734
    Language: English
    Pages: Online Ressource (xvii, 106 p.) , ill.
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: Online Rand research documents
    Parallel Title: Print version Demographic dividend
    DDC: 304.62
    Keywords: Demographic transition Developing countries ; Developing countries ; Demographic transition ; Age distribution (Demography) ; Population ; Fertility, Human ; Economic development ; Demographic transition ; Population ; Fertility, Human ; Economic development ; Demographic transition ; Demographic transition ; Age distribution (Demography) ; Demographic transition ; Economic development ; Fertility, Human ; Population ; Business & Economics ; Demography ; Real Estate, Housing & Land Use ; Age distribution (Demography) ; SOCIAL SCIENCE ; Demography ; Developing countries ; Electronic books ; Electronic books
    Abstract: There is a long-standing debate on how population growth affects national economies. A new report from Population Matters examines the history of this debate and synthesizes current research on the topic. The authors, led by Harvard economist David Bloom, conclude that population age structure, more than size or growth per se, affects economic development, and that reducing high fertility can create opportunities for economic growth if the right kinds of educational, health, and labor-market policies are in place. The report also examines specific regions of the world and how their differing policy environments have affected the relationship between population change and economic development
    Description / Table of Contents: The Debate Over the Effects of Population Growth on Economic GrowthDemographic Transitions and the "Demographic Dividend" -- Case Studies of Population Change and Economic Growth -- The Importance of the Policy Environment -- Conclusions.
    Note: "Population Matters, a RAND program of policy-relevant research communication. - "MR-1274-WFHF/DLPF/RF/UNPF"--P. [4] cover. - Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-98) and index. - Description based on print version record , "MR-1274-WFHF/DLPF/RF/UNPF"--P. [4] cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-98) and index
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9780833029263 , 0833033735
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 106 pages)
    DDC: 304.6/2
    Keywords: Demographic transition ; Demographic transition ; Age distribution (Demography) ; Economic development ; Fertility, Human ; Population ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The Debate Over the Effects of Population Growth on Economic Growth -- Demographic Transitions and the "Demographic Dividend" -- Case Studies of Population Change and Economic Growth -- The Importance of the Policy Environment -- Conclusions
    Abstract: There is a long-standing debate on how population growth affects national economies. A new report from Population Matters examines the history of this debate and synthesizes current research on the topic. The authors, led by Harvard economist David Bloom, conclude that population age structure, more than size or growth per se, affects economic development, and that reducing high fertility can create opportunities for economic growth if the right kinds of educational, health, and labor-market policies are in place. The report also examines specific regions of the world and how their differing policy environments have affected the relationship between population change and economic development
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  • 6
    ISBN: 0833029266
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xvii, 106 p) , ill , 23 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2009 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Parallel Title: Print version The Demographic Dividend : A New Perspective on the Economic Consequences of Population Change
    DDC: 304.6/2
    Keywords: Demographic transition ; Fertility, Human ; Population ; Demographic transition ; Age distribution (Demography) ; Economic development ; Electronic books ; Age distribution (Demography) ; Demographic transition ; Developing countries ; Demographic transition ; Economic development ; Fertility, Human ; Population
    Abstract: There is a long-standing debate on how population growth affects national economies. The authors, led by Harvard economist David Bloom, examine the history of this debate and synthesize current research on the topic. They conclude that population age structure, more than size or growth per se, affects economic development, and that reducing high fertility can create opportunities for economic growth if the right kinds of educational, health, and labor-market policies are in place
    Description / Table of Contents: PREFACE; CONTENTS; FIGURES; TABLES; SUMMARY; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; ACRONYMS; Chapter One THE DEBATE OVER THE EFFECTS OF POPULATION GROWTH ON ECONOMIC GROWTH; THE "PESSIMISTIC" THEORY: POPULATION GROWTH RESTRICTS ECONOMIC GROWTH; THE "OPTIMISTIC" THEORY: POPULATION GROWTH CAN FUEL ECONOMIC GROWTH; THE "NEUTRALIST" THEORY: POPULATION GROWTH HAS NO SIGNIFICANT EFFECT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH; THE IMPORTANCE OF AGE STRUCTURE; Chapter Two DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITIONS AND THE "DEMOGRAPHIC DIVIDEND"; THE DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION: DECLINING MORTALITY AND FERTILITY; The Demographic "Dividend"
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter Three CASE STUDIES OF POPULATION CHANGE AND ECONOMIC GROWTHEAST ASIA; JAPAN; NORTH AMERICA, WESTERN EUROPE, AUSTRALIA, AND NEW ZEALAND; SOUTH CENTRAL AND SOUTHEAST ASIA; LATIN AMERICA; MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; EASTERN EUROPE AND THE FORMER SOVIET UNION; Chapter Four THE IMPORTANCE OF THE POLICY ENVIRONMENT; HEALTH EQUALS WEALTH; POPULATION POLICY AND THE FAMILY; POLICIES FOR LABOR AND FINANCIAL MARKETS, AND HUMAN CAPITAL; POLICIES FOR THE FUTURE: PLANNING FOR AN OLDER POPULATION; Chapter Five CONCLUSIONS; REFERENCES; ADDITIONAL READING; INDEX
    Description / Table of Contents: ABOUT THE AUTHORS
    Note: "MR-1274-WFHF/DLPF/RF/UNPF"--P. [4] cover , "Population Matters, a RAND program of policy-relevant research communication , Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-98) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9780833034731 , 0833036084 , 9781282451384 , 1282451383 , 9780833036087 , 0833034731
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxvii, 161 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Individual preparedness and response to chemical, radiological, nuclear, and biological terrorist attacks
    Keywords: Chemical terrorism Safety measures ; Survival ; Bioterrorism Safety measures ; Nuclear terrorism Safety measures ; Weapons of mass destruction Safety measures ; Chemical terrorism ; Survival ; Bioterrorism ; Nuclear terrorism ; Weapons of mass destruction ; REFERENCE ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Terrorism ; Bioterrorism ; Safety measures ; Survival ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Individual preparedness is an important element of our nation's strategy for homeland security. This report adopts a scenario-driven approach that provides a rigorous way to identify actions-linked specifically to terrorist attacks-individuals can take to protect their health and safety. The result is an individual's strategy across four types of terrorist attacks-chemical, radiological, nuclear, and biological-consisting of overarching goals and simple and directive response and preparatory actions. The actions are appropriate regardless of likelihood of an attack, scale of attack, or government alert level; designed to be sensitive to potential variations; and defined in terms of simple rules that should be easy for individuals to adopt. A reference card included at the back of the guide encapsulates the key points and can be removed for display in a prominent place
    Abstract: Individual preparedness is an important element of our nation's strategy for homeland security. This report adopts a scenario-driven approach that provides a rigorous way to identify actions-linked specifically to terrorist attacks-individuals can take to protect their health and safety. The result is an individual's strategy across four types of terrorist attacks-chemical, radiological, nuclear, and biological-consisting of overarching goals and simple and directive response and preparatory actions. The actions are appropriate regardless of likelihood of an attack, scale of attack, or government alert level; designed to be sensitive to potential variations; and defined in terms of simple rules that should be easy for individuals to adopt. A reference card included at the back of the guide encapsulates the key points and can be removed for display in a prominent place
    Note: "MR-1731-SF"--Page 4 of cover , Includes bibliographical references (pages 153-161)
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9780833032898 , 0833034103 , 0833032925 , 0833032895 , 9780833032928 , 9780833034106
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiv, 390 pages)
    Edition: [S.l.] HathiTrust Digital Library 2010 Electronic reproduction
    Series Statement: MR / Rand Corporation MR-1576-RC
    Series Statement: MR/Rand Corporation MR-1576-RC
    Parallel Title: Print version New challenges, new tools for defense decisionmaking
    Keywords: National security ; World politics 21st century ; National security ; World politics ; Electronic books ; Military readiness ; National security ; World politics ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; United States ; HISTORY ; Military ; Other ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; General ; Military policy ; Decision making ; United States Defenses ; United States Military policy ; Decision making ; United States ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: It is still easy to underestimate how much the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War?and then the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 -- transformed the task of American foreign and defense policymaking. In place of predictability (if a sometimes terrifying predictability), the world is now very unpredictable. In place of a single overriding threat and benchmark by which all else could be measured, a number of possible threats have arisen, not all of them states. In place of force-on-force engagements, U.S. defense planners have to assume "asymmetric" threats -- ways not to defeat U.S. power but to render it irrelevant. This book frames the challenges for defense policy that the transformed world engenders, and it sketches new tools for dealing with those challenges -- from new techniques in modeling and gaming, to planning based on capabilities rather than threats, to personnel planning and making use of "best practices" from the private sector
    Abstract: It is still easy to underestimate how much the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War?and then the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 -- transformed the task of American foreign and defense policymaking. In place of predictability (if a sometimes terrifying predictability), the world is now very unpredictable. In place of a single overriding threat and benchmark by which all else could be measured, a number of possible threats have arisen, not all of them states. In place of force-on-force engagements, U.S. defense planners have to assume "asymmetric" threats -- ways not to defeat U.S. power but to render it irrelevant. This book frames the challenges for defense policy that the transformed world engenders, and it sketches new tools for dealing with those challenges -- from new techniques in modeling and gaming, to planning based on capabilities rather than threats, to personnel planning and making use of "best practices" from the private sector
    Note: "MR-1576-RC , Includes bibliographical references and index , Use copy Restrictions unspecified star MiAaHDL , Electronic reproduction , Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002.
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9780833032935 , 0833034154 , 0833032933 , 9780833034151
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxvii, 146 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Global threat of new and reemerging infectious diseases
    Keywords: Bioterrorism Health aspects ; Emergency medical services Government policy ; Emergency management ; National security ; Communicable diseases Social aspects ; Bioterrorism ; Emergency medical services ; Emergency management ; National security ; Communicable diseases ; Public Policy ; Security Measures ; Communicable Disease Control ; Public Health Administration ; Electronic books ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Political Freedom & Security ; Law Enforcement ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Terrorism ; Bioterrorism ; Health aspects ; Communicable diseases ; Social aspects ; Emergency management ; Emergency medical services ; Government policy ; National security ; Public Health ; Health & Biological Sciences ; Communicable Diseases ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This study offers a more comprehensive analysis of the security implications of the spread of infectious diseases than has been done to date. The study examines the impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in South Africa, highlighting this particular crisis as a graphic example of the devastating effects that infectious disease can have on virtually every aspect of a state's functioning viability. It also makes a detailed analysis of the United States, delineating the threat posed by specific diseases; assessing the effectiveness of the existing public health infrastructure; and offering specific actions that can be taken to improve the country's ability to meet this emerging challenge
    Abstract: This study offers a more comprehensive analysis of the security implications of the spread of infectious diseases than has been done to date. The study examines the impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in South Africa, highlighting this particular crisis as a graphic example of the devastating effects that infectious disease can have on virtually every aspect of a state's functioning viability. It also makes a detailed analysis of the United States, delineating the threat posed by specific diseases; assessing the effectiveness of the existing public health infrastructure; and offering specific actions that can be taken to improve the country's ability to meet this emerging challenge
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 119-146)
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Santa Monica, Calif : Rand
    ISBN: 9780833030399 , 0833035967 , 0833030396 , 9780833035967
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxii, 122 pages)
    Edition: [S.l.] HathiTrust Digital Library 2010 Electronic reproduction
    Parallel Title: Print version Welfare reform in California
    Keywords: California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids (Program) ; California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids (Program) ; Welfare recipients Employment ; Public welfare ; Welfare recipients ; Public welfare ; SOCIAL SCIENCE ; Poverty & Homelessness ; SOCIAL SCIENCE ; Demography ; Public welfare ; Welfare recipients ; Employment ; Social Welfare & Social Work - General ; Social Welfare & Social Work ; Social Sciences ; California ; California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids (Program) ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Preface; Contents; Figures; Tables; Summary; Acknowledgments; Acronyms and Abbreviations; 1. Introduction; 2. Program Participation; 3. The Caseload; 4. Outcomes for Leavers; 5. Conclusions and Next Steps; Appendix A. Overview of Factors That Might Affect Outcomes; B. Data Sources; C. Analytic Methods; D. Results of the Policy Simulation Conducted on Participation Rates; E. Caseload Decline by California Region and County; Bibliography
    Abstract: Preface; Contents; Figures; Tables; Summary; Acknowledgments; Acronyms and Abbreviations; 1. Introduction; 2. Program Participation; 3. The Caseload; 4. Outcomes for Leavers; 5. Conclusions and Next Steps; Appendix A. Overview of Factors That Might Affect Outcomes; B. Data Sources; C. Analytic Methods; D. Results of the Policy Simulation Conducted on Participation Rates; E. Caseload Decline by California Region and County; Bibliography
    Note: "MR-1358 , Includes bibliographical references (pages 105-122) , Use copy Restrictions unspecified star MiAaHDL , Electronic reproduction , Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002.
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Santa Monica, Calif : Rand
    ISBN: 9780833033178 , 0833059955 , 9781598751086 , 1598751085 , 9780833059956 , 0833033174
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 online report (xxxiv, 151 pages)))
    Parallel Title: Print version Evaluation of the Medicare-DoD subvention demonstration
    Keywords: United States Officials and employees, Retired ; Medical care ; Finance ; United States ; Retired military personnel Medical care ; Finance ; Health maintenance organizations ; Managed care plans (Medical care) Finance ; Medicare ; Government employees' health insurance Finance ; Retired military personnel ; Health maintenance organizations ; Managed care plans (Medical care) ; Medicare ; Government employees' health insurance ; Armed Forces ; Medical care ; Government employees' health insurance ; Finance ; Health maintenance organizations ; Managed care plans (Medical care) ; Finance ; Medicare ; Medical Care Plans ; Public Health ; Health & Biological Sciences ; United States ; United States ; MEDICAL ; Health Policy ; United States Armed Forces ; Medical care ; United States ; Electronic book
    Abstract: The Medicare-Department of Defense (DoD) Subvention Demonstration tested Senior Prime as a managed care approach for enhancing access to affordable health care for Medicare-eligible DoD beneficiaries. While Senior Prime achieved solid beneficiary participation and satisfaction, it also raised a difficult set of challenges involved in applying managed care to the DoD health care system. These challenges included financial issues such as establishing equitable capitation rates and an appropriate level-of-effort baseline, as well as management issues such as effective care management and administrative processes for health plan sites. The basic structures of TRICARE and the DoD health system, including separate management jurisdictions and hierarchical budgeting methods, contribute to the challenges by creating incentives that discourage delivery of cost-effective care. Military treatment facilities need to be motivated not only to provide excellent care but also to manage appropriateness of care and related costs. Although DoD has decided to discontinue the Senior Prime model, many of the lessons learned from this demonstration are applicable to any managed care program that DoD may contemplate in the future
    Abstract: The Medicare-Department of Defense (DoD) Subvention Demonstration tested Senior Prime as a managed care approach for enhancing access to affordable health care for Medicare-eligible DoD beneficiaries. While Senior Prime achieved solid beneficiary participation and satisfaction, it also raised a difficult set of challenges involved in applying managed care to the DoD health care system. These challenges included financial issues such as establishing equitable capitation rates and an appropriate level-of-effort baseline, as well as management issues such as effective care management and administrative processes for health plan sites. The basic structures of TRICARE and the DoD health system, including separate management jurisdictions and hierarchical budgeting methods, contribute to the challenges by creating incentives that discourage delivery of cost-effective care. Military treatment facilities need to be motivated not only to provide excellent care but also to manage appropriateness of care and related costs. Although DoD has decided to discontinue the Senior Prime model, many of the lessons learned from this demonstration are applicable to any managed care program that DoD may contemplate in the future
    Note: "MR-1580-CMS"--Page 4 of cover , "RAND Health , "Prepared for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) and the DoD Tricare Management Activity (TMA) , Includes bibliographical references (page 127)
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9780833033413 , 0833035983 , 0833033417 , 9780833035981
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 95 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Dertouzos, James N., 1950- Is military advertising effective?
    Keywords: Advertising Evaluation ; Advertising ; Electronic books ; Advertising ; Evaluation ; Recruiting and enlistment ; Military Administration ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; United States ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; HISTORY ; Military ; Other ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Political Freedom ; United States Armed Forces ; Recruiting, enlistment, etc ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The Defense Department has been spending over $100 million annually on recruiting advertising. Previous econometric studies of military advertising's effects have relied on data from time periods unlike today's and have used models possibly inappropriate for supporting today's decisionmakers. This report details improved methods developed to assess military advertising's effectiveness and illustrates them using early 1980s and mid-1990s data
    Abstract: The Defense Department has been spending over $100 million annually on recruiting advertising. Previous econometric studies of military advertising's effects have relied on data from time periods unlike today's and have used models possibly inappropriate for supporting today's decisionmakers. This report details improved methods developed to assess military advertising's effectiveness and illustrates them using early 1980s and mid-1990s data
    Note: "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , Includes bibliographical references
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Santa Monica, Calif : Rand
    ISBN: 9780833032799 , 0833034057 , 0833032798 , 9780833034052
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxvii, 143 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Baer, Walter S Electricity requirements for a digital society
    Keywords: Electric power consumption Forecasting ; Telecommunication systems Power supply ; Electric power consumption ; Telecommunication systems ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS ; Industries ; Energy ; SCIENCE ; Energy ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Public Policy ; Environmental Policy ; Electric power consumption ; Forecasting ; Telecommunication systems ; Power supply ; Electrical & Computer Engineering ; Engineering & Applied Sciences ; Telecommunications ; United States ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Power Resources ; General ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Increasing use of the Internet and other information and communications technologies (ICTs) marks a U.S. transition toward a "digital society" that may profoundly affect electricity supply, demand and delivery. RAND developed four 20-year scenarios of ICT evolution (2001?2021) for the U.S. Department of Energy and assessed their implications for future U.S. electricity requirements. Increased power consumption by ICT equipment is the most direct and visible effect, but not necessarily the most important. Over time, the effects that ICTs have on energy management, e-commerce, telework, and related trends will likely be much more consequential. Even large growth in the deployment and use of digital technologies will only modestly increase U.S. electricity use over the next two decades. The more pressing concern for an emerging digital society will be how to provide the higher-quality and more-reliable power that ICTs demand
    Abstract: Increasing use of the Internet and other information and communications technologies (ICTs) marks a U.S. transition toward a "digital society" that may profoundly affect electricity supply, demand and delivery. RAND developed four 20-year scenarios of ICT evolution (2001?2021) for the U.S. Department of Energy and assessed their implications for future U.S. electricity requirements. Increased power consumption by ICT equipment is the most direct and visible effect, but not necessarily the most important. Over time, the effects that ICTs have on energy management, e-commerce, telework, and related trends will likely be much more consequential. Even large growth in the deployment and use of digital technologies will only modestly increase U.S. electricity use over the next two decades. The more pressing concern for an emerging digital society will be how to provide the higher-quality and more-reliable power that ICTs demand
    Note: "Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy , Includes bibliographical references
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9780833032867 , 0833034065 , 0833032860 , 9780833034069
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xix, 86 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Davis, Paul K., 1943- Deterrence & influence in counterterrorism
    Keywords: Qaida (Organization) ; Qaida (Organization) ; Terrorism Prevention ; September 11 Terrorist Attacks, 2001 ; Terrorism ; September 11 Terrorist Attacks, 2001 ; September 11 Terrorist Attacks (2001) ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Political Freedom & Security ; Law Enforcement ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; General ; Terrorism ; Prevention ; Terrorisme ; Preventie ; 11 September 2001 ; Social Welfare & Social Work ; Social Sciences ; Criminology, Penology & Juvenile Delinquency ; Qaida (Organization) ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Historical experience has shown that successful strategies to combat terrorism that is spawned by serious, deep-rooted problems have involved first crushing the current threat and then bringing about changes to make terrorism?s reemergence less likely. While deterrence of terrorism may at first glance seem to be an unrealistic goal -- concepts such as co-optation and inducement cannot be expected to be effective for dealing with terrorists who have the unshakable commitment of an Osama bin Laden -- it may be possible to influence some members of terrorist groups. Such groups are not simply single entities; rather, they are systems, with diverse elements, many of which could be amenable to influence. Thus, to sustain its counterterrorism efforts for the long term, the United States must develop a multifaceted strategy that includes attempting to influence those elements of terrorist systems that may be deterrable, such as state supporters or wealthy financiers living the good life while supporting terrorists in the shadows. The U.S. strategy should comprise not only military attacks, but also political warfare; placing at risk the things that terrorists hold dear; a credible threat of force against any state or group that supports the acquisition of weapons of mass destruction for terrorist uses; and maintaining cooperation with other nations that are also engaged in the war on terror. At the same time, the strategy must preserve core American values, including discriminate use of force and maintaining due process in the provision of speedy justice
    Abstract: Historical experience has shown that successful strategies to combat terrorism that is spawned by serious, deep-rooted problems have involved first crushing the current threat and then bringing about changes to make terrorism?s reemergence less likely. While deterrence of terrorism may at first glance seem to be an unrealistic goal -- concepts such as co-optation and inducement cannot be expected to be effective for dealing with terrorists who have the unshakable commitment of an Osama bin Laden -- it may be possible to influence some members of terrorist groups. Such groups are not simply single entities; rather, they are systems, with diverse elements, many of which could be amenable to influence. Thus, to sustain its counterterrorism efforts for the long term, the United States must develop a multifaceted strategy that includes attempting to influence those elements of terrorist systems that may be deterrable, such as state supporters or wealthy financiers living the good life while supporting terrorists in the shadows. The U.S. strategy should comprise not only military attacks, but also political warfare; placing at risk the things that terrorists hold dear; a credible threat of force against any state or group that supports the acquisition of weapons of mass destruction for terrorist uses; and maintaining cooperation with other nations that are also engaged in the war on terror. At the same time, the strategy must preserve core American values, including discriminate use of force and maintaining due process in the provision of speedy justice
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Santa Monica, Calif : Rand
    ISBN: 9780833032072 , 0833032232 , 0833032070 , 9780833032232
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (52 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Karasik, Theodore William Toxic warfare
    Keywords: Terrorism ; Biological warfare ; Radioactive wastes War use ; Hazardous substances War use ; Toxins War use ; Poisons War use ; Terrorism ; Biological warfare ; Radioactive wastes ; Hazardous substances ; Toxins ; Poisons ; Chemical Warfare Agents ; Hazardous Substances ; Environmental Exposure ; Weapons ; Poisons ; Environmental Pollutants ; Environmental Pollution ; Armed Conflicts ; Weapons of Mass Destruction ; Violence ; Social Problems ; Crime ; Manufactured Materials ; Toxic Actions ; Specialty Uses of Chemicals ; Noxae ; Public Health ; Chemical Actions and Uses ; Criminology ; Environment and Public Health ; Sociology ; Technology, Industry, and Agriculture ; Social Sciences ; Chemicals and Drugs ; Delivery of Health Care ; Technology, Industry, Agriculture ; Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena ; Chemical Warfare ; Chemical Warfare Agents adverse effects ; Environmental Exposure adverse effects ; Hazardous Substances adverse effects ; Terrorism ; Electronic books ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; Arms Control ; Biological warfare ; Terrorism ; Military Engineering ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; HISTORY ; Military ; Biological & Chemical Warfare ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Since the 1990s there has been an increase in the use of toxic weapons; for example, inexpensive and easily acquired chemicals and industrial waste. This work examines the implications of toxic weapon use for military planning and concludes that such weapons merit further analysis
    Abstract: Since the 1990s there has been an increase in the use of toxic weapons; for example, inexpensive and easily acquired chemicals and industrial waste. This work examines the implications of toxic weapon use for military planning and concludes that such weapons merit further analysis
    Note: "MR-1572 , Includes bibliographical references (pages 45-52)
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9780833030764 , 0833033964 , 0833030760 , 9780833033963
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 79 pages)
    Edition: [S.l.] HathiTrust Digital Library 2010 Electronic reproduction
    Parallel Title: Print version McCarthy, Kevin F., 1945- From celluloid to cyberspace
    Keywords: Video art ; Experimental films ; Video art ; Experimental films ; PERFORMING ARTS ; Film & Video ; Reference ; PERFORMING ARTS ; Film & Video ; General ; Experimental films ; Video art ; Mediakunst ; Technische ontwikkeling ; Sociaal-economische aspecten ; Music, Dance, Drama & Film ; Film ; Experimental films ; Experimental films ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The arts in America are entering a new era that will pose many challenges for the arts community. However, our current knowledge of the operation of the arts world and its underlying dynamics is limited. These limits are particularly pronounced with regard to the newest and most dynamic component of the arts world: the media arts. Defined as art that is produced using or combining film, video, and computers, the media arts encompass a diverse array of artistic work that includes narrative, documentary, and experimental films; videos and digital products; and installation art using media. This
    Abstract: The arts in America are entering a new era that will pose many challenges for the arts community. However, our current knowledge of the operation of the arts world and its underlying dynamics is limited. These limits are particularly pronounced with regard to the newest and most dynamic component of the arts world: the media arts. Defined as art that is produced using or combining film, video, and computers, the media arts encompass a diverse array of artistic work that includes narrative, documentary, and experimental films; videos and digital products; and installation art using media. This
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 73-79) , Use copy Restrictions unspecified star MiAaHDL , Electronic reproduction , Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002.
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Santa Monica, Calif : Rand
    ISBN: 9780833030962 , 0833032313 , 0833030965 , 9780833032317
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 147 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Disjointed war
    Keywords: North Atlantic Treaty Organization Armed Forces ; North Atlantic Treaty Organization ; Kosovo War, 1998-1999 Campaigns ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Armed Forces ; Military campaigns ; Kosovo (Republic) ; Yugoslavia ; North Atlantic Treaty Organization ; HISTORY ; General ; History ; Kosovo (Republic) ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The 1999 military operation in Kosovo had several deficiencies in joint military operations. This study examines all aspects of the conflict, including its political and historical underpinnings, in an attempt to understand these deficiences and to recommend improvements
    Abstract: The 1999 military operation in Kosovo had several deficiencies in joint military operations. This study examines all aspects of the conflict, including its political and historical underpinnings, in an attempt to understand these deficiences and to recommend improvements
    Note: "MR-1406 , Includes bibliographical references (pages 127-147)
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Santa Monica, Calif : Rand
    ISBN: 9780833031495 , 0833032577 , 083303149X , 9780833032577
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xx, 89 pages)
    Edition: [S.l.] HathiTrust Digital Library 2010 Electronic reproduction
    Series Statement: Conference proceedings 176
    Parallel Title: Print version Protecting emergency responders
    Keywords: Industrial safety Congresses ; Employees Congresses Safety measures ; Protective clothing ; Industrial safety ; Employees ; Protective clothing ; Rescue Work ; Risk Management ; Terrorism ; Protective Devices ; Emergency Medical Technicians ; Occupational Health ; Social Welfare & Social Work - General ; Social Welfare & Social Work ; Technology - General ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Fire Science ; MEDICAL ; Occupational & Industrial Medicine ; Employees ; Safety measures ; Industrial safety ; Protective clothing ; Engineering & Applied Sciences ; Social Sciences ; Conference papers and proceedings ; United States ; Electronic books ; Congress
    Abstract: Preface; Executive Summary; Acknowledgments; Acronyms and Abbreviations; Chapter One: INTRODUCTION; Chapter Two: THE TERRORIST INCIDENTS; Chapter Three: PERFORMANCE AND AVAILABILITY OF PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT; Chapter Four: INFORMATION AND TRAINING; Chapter Five: SITE MANAGEMENT FOR PERSONAL PROTECTION; Chapter Six: RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MOVING FORWARD; Chapter Seven: CONCLUDING REMARKS; Appendix A:; Appendix B:; Appendix C:; Appendix D
    Abstract: Preface; Executive Summary; Acknowledgments; Acronyms and Abbreviations; Chapter One: INTRODUCTION; Chapter Two: THE TERRORIST INCIDENTS; Chapter Three: PERFORMANCE AND AVAILABILITY OF PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT; Chapter Four: INFORMATION AND TRAINING; Chapter Five: SITE MANAGEMENT FOR PERSONAL PROTECTION; Chapter Six: RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MOVING FORWARD; Chapter Seven: CONCLUDING REMARKS; Appendix A:; Appendix B:; Appendix C:; Appendix D
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Use copy Restrictions unspecified star MiAaHDL , Electronic reproduction , Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002.
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Santa Monica, Calif : Rand
    ISBN: 9780833031341 , 0833033832 , 0833031341 , 9780833033833
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 91 pages)
    Edition: [S.l.] HathiTrust Digital Library 2010 Electronic reproduction
    Parallel Title: Print version Intelligent giving
    Keywords: Education, Higher Finance ; Benefactors Charitable contributions ; Universities and colleges Endowments ; Education, Higher ; Benefactors ; Universities and colleges ; Electronic books ; SOCIAL SCIENCE ; Philanthropy & Charity ; Benefactors ; Charitable contributions ; Education, Higher ; Finance ; Universities and colleges ; Endowments ; United States ; EDUCATION ; Higher ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Provides an intellectual framework for guiding prospective major donors in giving more effectively to higher education. Although most major gifts are profoundly motivated by charitable intentions, the noble impulse to give to higher education can quickly generate complicated choices. Which school? Which program? Under what terms or conditions? Even very talented people who have enjoyed exceptionally successful careers in business and other fields can become disoriented by academe's idiosyncrasies
    Abstract: Provides an intellectual framework for guiding prospective major donors in giving more effectively to higher education. Although most major gifts are profoundly motivated by charitable intentions, the noble impulse to give to higher education can quickly generate complicated choices. Which school? Which program? Under what terms or conditions? Even very talented people who have enjoyed exceptionally successful careers in business and other fields can become disoriented by academe's idiosyncrasies
    Note: "MR-1427 , Includes bibliographical references , Use copy Restrictions unspecified star MiAaHDL , Electronic reproduction , Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002.
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9780833031013 , 0833032291 , 0833031015 , 9780833032294
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 91 pages)
    Edition: [S.l.] HathiTrust Digital Library 2010 Electronic reproduction
    Parallel Title: Print version Tellis, Ashley J Limited conflicts under the nuclear umbrella
    Keywords: Electronic books ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; General ; Military relations ; India ; India ; Jammu and Kashmir ; India ; Kargil ; Pakistan ; Politics and government ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Government ; International ; Military history ; Kargil (India) History, Military 20th century ; India Military relations ; Pakistan Military relations ; Jammu and Kashmir (India) Politics and government 20th century ; Kargil (India) ; India ; Pakistan ; Jammu and Kashmir (India) ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This report examines the views of India and Pakistan on the significance of Pakistan's foray into the Kargil-Dras sector in a limited war that has come to be known as the "Kargil conflict." The goal of the analysis is to assess both combatants' perceptions of the crisis, with a view to evaluating the possibilities of future Kargil-like events and the implications of the lessons each country learned for stability in South Asia. The analysis is based almost exclusively on Indian and Pakistani source materials. The Kargil crisis demonstrated that even the presence of nuclear weapons might not appreciably dampen security competition between the region's largest states. However, the question remains of whether or not the Kargil war represents a foretaste of future episodes of attempted nuclear coercion if India and Pakistan believe that their nuclear capabilities provide them the immunity required to prosecute a range of military operations short of all-out war
    Abstract: This report examines the views of India and Pakistan on the significance of Pakistan's foray into the Kargil-Dras sector in a limited war that has come to be known as the "Kargil conflict." The goal of the analysis is to assess both combatants' perceptions of the crisis, with a view to evaluating the possibilities of future Kargil-like events and the implications of the lessons each country learned for stability in South Asia. The analysis is based almost exclusively on Indian and Pakistani source materials. The Kargil crisis demonstrated that even the presence of nuclear weapons might not appreciably dampen security competition between the region's largest states. However, the question remains of whether or not the Kargil war represents a foretaste of future episodes of attempted nuclear coercion if India and Pakistan believe that their nuclear capabilities provide them the immunity required to prosecute a range of military operations short of all-out war
    Note: "National Security Research Division , Includes bibliographical references (pages 85-91) , Use copy Restrictions unspecified star MiAaHDL , Electronic reproduction , Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002.
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9780833030351 , 0833032399 , 0833030353 , 9780833032393
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xl, 199 pages)
    Series Statement: MR / Rand Corporation MR-1349-OSTP/NIJ
    Parallel Title: Print version Schwabe, William, 1942- Challenges and choices for crime-fighting technology
    Keywords: Forensic sciences ; Federal aid to law enforcement agencies ; Law enforcement Administration ; Law enforcement Technological innovations ; Forensic sciences ; Federal aid to law enforcement agencies ; Law enforcement ; Law enforcement ; Social Sciences ; Criminology, Penology & Juvenile Delinquency ; United States ; Federal aid to law enforcement agencies ; Forensic sciences ; Law enforcement ; Administration ; Law enforcement ; Technological innovations ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Political Freedom & Security ; Law Enforcement ; Social Welfare & Social Work ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; General ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Introduction -- Law Enforcement's Use of Technology -- Crime Prevention -- First Response -- Investigation and Apprehension -- Forensic Analysis -- Administration and Management -- Federal Challenges and Choices -- Sources of Technology Information and Support -- Research, Development, and Deployment -- Technology Application -- Challenges and Choices
    Abstract: Introduction -- Law Enforcement's Use of Technology -- Crime Prevention -- First Response -- Investigation and Apprehension -- Forensic Analysis -- Administration and Management -- Federal Challenges and Choices -- Sources of Technology Information and Support -- Research, Development, and Deployment -- Technology Application -- Challenges and Choices
    Note: "Supported by the office of Science and Technology Policy and the National Institute of Justice , "MR-1349-OSTP/NIJ"--Page 4 of cover , Includes bibliographical references (pages 193-199)
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Santa Monica, Calif : Rand
    ISBN: 9780833030429 , 083303233X , 0833030426 , 9780833032331
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xx, 123 pages)
    Edition: [S.l.] HathiTrust Digital Library 2010 Electronic reproduction
    Parallel Title: Print version Greece's new geopolitics
    Keywords: Geopolitics ; Geopolitics ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Government ; International ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; General ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Geopolitics ; Geopolitik ; Regions & Countries - Europe ; History & Archaeology ; Greece ; Griechenland ; Greece ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Introduction -- Greece's New Strategic Environment -- Balkan Security After the Fall of Milosevic: Challenges and Implications for Greece -- The Political Economy of Infrastructure Development In and Around Southeastern Europe -- Conclusions and Policy Directions
    Abstract: Introduction -- Greece's New Strategic Environment -- Balkan Security After the Fall of Milosevic: Challenges and Implications for Greece -- The Political Economy of Infrastructure Development In and Around Southeastern Europe -- Conclusions and Policy Directions
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 113-123) , Use copy Restrictions unspecified star MiAaHDL , Electronic reproduction , Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002.
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Santa Monica, Calif : Rand
    ISBN: 9780833030283 , 0833032348 , 0833030280 , 9780833032348
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxi, 151 pages)
    Series Statement: MR/Rand Corporation MR-1385-AF
    Parallel Title: Print version Hosmer, Stephen T Operations against enemy leaders
    Keywords: Coups d'état ; Assassination ; Insurgency ; Coups d'état ; Assassination ; Insurgency ; TRUE CRIME ; Espionage ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Political Freedom & Security ; Intelligence ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; General ; Assassination ; Coups d'état ; Insurgency ; Military policy ; United States ; United States Military policy ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: An examination of a number of leadership attacks from World War II to the 21st century. It offers insights into the comparative efficacy of various forms of leadership attacks, their potential coercive and deterrent value, and the possible unintended consequences of their ill-considered use
    Abstract: An examination of a number of leadership attacks from World War II to the 21st century. It offers insights into the comparative efficacy of various forms of leadership attacks, their potential coercive and deterrent value, and the possible unintended consequences of their ill-considered use
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 137-151)
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Santa Monica, Calif : Rand
    ISBN: 9780833043276 , 0833043277 , 9780833025616 , 058538391X , 9781282451490 , 1282451499 , 9780585383910 , 0833025619
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xl, 271 pages)
    Edition: [S.l.] HathiTrust Digital Library 2010 Electronic reproduction
    Parallel Title: Print version Improving student achievement
    RVK:
    Keywords: School improvement programs Government policy ; States ; Academic achievement Government policy ; States ; Academic achievement States ; Evaluation ; Educational tests and measurements Statistics States ; School improvement programs ; Academic achievement ; Academic achievement ; Educational tests and measurements ; EDUCATION ; Evaluation ; STUDY AIDS ; Tests ; EDUCATION ; Testing & Measurement ; Educational tests and measurements ; U.S. states ; Leistungssteigerung ; Schulleistung ; Schulpolitik ; Theory & Practice of Education ; Education ; Social Sciences ; USA ; United States ; Statistics ; Electronic books ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Why do students have different achievement levels across states? Is math achievement improving across states? Differences in average achievement levels across states are mainly traceable to differing family characteristics. However, students from similar families also score differently across states. These differences are related to differences in resource levels and in how resources are spent. States with high spending per pupil, lower pupil-teacher ratios, higher participation in public prekindergarten and higher reported teacher resources have higher achievement. Disadvantaged children are the most sensitive to low resource, and additional resources could substantially their scores. Between-state, rather than within-state, differences in resources appear to be the main reason for inequitable resource levels for students of lower socioeconomic status. The conclusion is that significant math gains are occurring across most states that cannot be traced to resource changes, that the rate of gain varies significantly by state, and that reform efforts are the likely cause of these gains. The results certainly challenge the traditional view of public education as "unreformable
    Abstract: Why do students have different achievement levels across states? Is math achievement improving across states? Differences in average achievement levels across states are mainly traceable to differing family characteristics. However, students from similar families also score differently across states. These differences are related to differences in resource levels and in how resources are spent. States with high spending per pupil, lower pupil-teacher ratios, higher participation in public prekindergarten and higher reported teacher resources have higher achievement. Disadvantaged children are the most sensitive to low resource, and additional resources could substantially their scores. Between-state, rather than within-state, differences in resources appear to be the main reason for inequitable resource levels for students of lower socioeconomic status. The conclusion is that significant math gains are occurring across most states that cannot be traced to resource changes, that the rate of gain varies significantly by state, and that reform efforts are the likely cause of these gains. The results certainly challenge the traditional view of public education as "unreformable
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 257-271) , Use copy Restrictions unspecified star MiAaHDL , Electronic reproduction , Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002.
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Santa Monica, Calif : Rand
    ISBN: 9780833048288 , 0833048287 , 9780833027436 , 0585245487 , 0833027433 , 9780585245485
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xviii, 174 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Byman, Daniel, 1967- Air power as a coercive instrument
    Keywords: Military planning ; Air power ; Air power ; Military planning ; Air power ; Air power ; Air power ; Military planning ; United States ; Air power ; Military doctrine ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; Air Force ; Coercive force ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Coercion--the use of threatened force to induce an adversary to change its behavior--is a critical function of the U.S. military. U.S. forces have recently fought in the Balkans, the Persian Gulf, and the Horn of Africa to compel recalcitrant regimes and warlords to stop repression, abandon weapons programs, permit humanitarian relief, and otherwise modify their actions. Yet despite its overwhelming military might, the United States often fails to coerce successfully. This report examines the phenomenon of coercion and how air power can contribute to its success. Three factors increase the likelihood of successful coercion: (1) the coercer's ability to raise the costs it imposes while denying the adversary the chance to respond (escalation dominance); (2) an ability to block an adversary's military strategy for victory; and (3) an ability to magnify third-party threats, such as internal instability or the danger posed by another enemy. Domestic political concerns (such as casualty sensitivity) and coalition dynamics often constrain coercive operations and impair the achievement of these conditions. Air power can deliver potent and credible threats that foster the above factors while neutralizing adversary countercoercive moves. When the favorable factors are absent, however, air power--or any other military instrument--will probably fail to coerce. Policymakers' use of coercive air power under inauspicious conditions diminishes the chances of using it elsewhere when the prospects of success would be greater
    Note: "Project Air Force, Rand , "MR-1061-AF , Includes bibliographical references (pages 161-174)
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9780833043269 , 0833043269 , 9780833025302 , 0585361398 , 0833025309 , 9780585361390
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiii, 159 pages)
    Edition: [S.l.] HathiTrust Digital Library 2010 Electronic reproduction
    Parallel Title: Print version Investing in our children
    Keywords: Children with social disabilities Services for ; Evaluation ; Children with social disabilities Services for ; Costs ; Child welfare ; Public welfare ; Children with social disabilities ; Children with social disabilities ; Child welfare ; Public welfare ; EDUCATION ; General ; Child welfare ; Public welfare ; United States ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Public Policy ; Social Services & Welfare ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Public Policy ; Social Security ; Electronic books ; Electronic books
    Abstract: There is increasing evidence that the first few years after birth are particularly important in child development and present opportunities for enrichment but also vulnerabilities do to poverty and other social stressors. Elected officials have begun proposing potentially costly programs to intervene early in the lives of disadvantaged children. Have such interventions been demonstrated to yield substantial benefits? To what extent might they pay for themselves through lower welfare and criminal justice costs incurred by participating children as they grow into adults? This study synthesizes the results of a number of previous evaluations in an effort to answer those questions. Conclusions are that under carefully controlled conditions, early childhood interventions can yield substantial advantages to recipients in terms of emotional and cognitive development, education, economic well-being, and health. (The latter two benefits apply to the children's families as well.) If these interventions can be duplicated on a large scale, the costs of the programs could be exceeded by subsequent savings to the government. However, the more carefully the interventions are targeted to children most likely to benefit, the more likely it is that savings will exceed costs. Unfortunately, these conclusions rest on only a few methodologically sound studies. The authors argue for broader demonstrations accompanied by rigorous evaluations to resolve several important unknowns. These include the most efficient ways to design and target programs, the extent to which effectiveness is lost on scale-up, and the implications of welfare reform and other "safety net" changes
    Description / Table of Contents: Ch. 1. Introduction -- Ch. 2. Targeted Early Intervention Programs and their Benefits -- Ch. 3. Comparing Costs, Savings, and Benefits -- Ch. 4. Issues Relevant to Investment Decisions -- App. A. Calculation of the Costs and Benefits of the Elmira Prenatal/Early Infancy Project -- App. B. Calculation of the Costs and Benefits of the Perry Preschool.
    Note: "Funded by a grant from The California Wellness Foundation , Includes bibliographical references (pages 143-149) , Use copy Restrictions unspecified star MiAaHDL , Electronic reproduction , Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002.
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